drivers/iio/magnetometer/ak8975.c

/*
 * A sensor driver for the magnetometer AK8975.
 *
 * Magnetic compass sensor driver for monitoring magnetic flux information.
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2010, NVIDIA Corporation.
 *
 * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 * the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
 * (at your option) any later version.
 *
 * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT
 * ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or
 * FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU General Public License for
 * more details.
 *
 * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
 * with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
 * 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA	02110-1301, USA.
 */

#include <linux/module.h>
#include <linux/kernel.h>
#include <linux/slab.h>
#include <linux/i2c.h>
#include <linux/interrupt.h>
#include <linux/err.h>
#include <linux/mutex.h>
#include <linux/delay.h>
#include <linux/bitops.h>
#include <linux/gpio.h>
#include <linux/of_gpio.h>

#include <linux/iio/iio.h>
#include <linux/iio/sysfs.h>
/*
 * Register definitions, as well as various shifts and masks to get at the
 * individual fields of the registers.
 */
#define AK8975_REG_WIA			0x00
#define AK8975_DEVICE_ID		0x48

#define AK8975_REG_INFO			0x01

#define AK8975_REG_ST1			0x02
#define AK8975_REG_ST1_DRDY_SHIFT	0
#define AK8975_REG_ST1_DRDY_MASK	(1 << AK8975_REG_ST1_DRDY_SHIFT)

#define AK8975_REG_HXL			0x03
#define AK8975_REG_HXH			0x04
#define AK8975_REG_HYL			0x05
#define AK8975_REG_HYH			0x06
#define AK8975_REG_HZL			0x07
#define AK8975_REG_HZH			0x08
#define AK8975_REG_ST2			0x09
#define AK8975_REG_ST2_DERR_SHIFT	2
#define AK8975_REG_ST2_DERR_MASK	(1 << AK8975_REG_ST2_DERR_SHIFT)

#define AK8975_REG_ST2_HOFL_SHIFT	3
#define AK8975_REG_ST2_HOFL_MASK	(1 << AK8975_REG_ST2_HOFL_SHIFT)

#define AK8975_REG_CNTL			0x0A
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SHIFT	0
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_MASK	(0xF << AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SHIFT)
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_POWER_DOWN	0
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_ONCE	1
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SELF_TEST	8
#define AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_FUSE_ROM	0xF

#define AK8975_REG_RSVC			0x0B
#define AK8975_REG_ASTC			0x0C
#define AK8975_REG_TS1			0x0D
#define AK8975_REG_TS2			0x0E
#define AK8975_REG_I2CDIS		0x0F
#define AK8975_REG_ASAX			0x10
#define AK8975_REG_ASAY			0x11
#define AK8975_REG_ASAZ			0x12

#define AK8975_MAX_REGS			AK8975_REG_ASAZ

/*
 * Miscellaneous values.
 */
#define AK8975_MAX_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT	500
#define AK8975_CONVERSION_DONE_POLL_TIME 10
#define AK8975_DATA_READY_TIMEOUT	((100*HZ)/1000)
#define RAW_TO_GAUSS(asa) ((((asa) + 128) * 3000) / 256)

/*
 * Per-instance context data for the device.
 */
struct ak8975_data {
	struct i2c_client	*client;
	struct attribute_group	attrs;
	struct mutex		lock;
	u8			asa[3];
	long			raw_to_gauss[3];
	u8			reg_cache[AK8975_MAX_REGS];
	int			eoc_gpio;
	int			eoc_irq;
	wait_queue_head_t	data_ready_queue;
	unsigned long		flags;
};

static const int ak8975_index_to_reg[] = {
	AK8975_REG_HXL, AK8975_REG_HYL, AK8975_REG_HZL,
};

/*
 * Helper function to write to the I2C device's registers.
 */
static int ak8975_write_data(struct i2c_client *client,
			     u8 reg, u8 val, u8 mask, u8 shift)
{
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
	struct ak8975_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	u8 regval;
	int ret;

	regval = (data->reg_cache[reg] & ~mask) | (val << shift);
	ret = i2c_smbus_write_byte_data(client, reg, regval);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Write to device fails status %x\n", ret);
		return ret;
	}
	data->reg_cache[reg] = regval;

	return 0;
}

/*
 * Handle data ready irq
 */
static irqreturn_t ak8975_irq_handler(int irq, void *data)
{
	struct ak8975_data *ak8975 = data;

	set_bit(0, &ak8975->flags);
	wake_up(&ak8975->data_ready_queue);

	return IRQ_HANDLED;
}

/*
 * Install data ready interrupt handler
 */
static int ak8975_setup_irq(struct ak8975_data *data)
{
	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
	int rc;
	int irq;

	if (client->irq)
		irq = client->irq;
	else
		irq = gpio_to_irq(data->eoc_gpio);

	rc = request_irq(irq, ak8975_irq_handler,
			 IRQF_TRIGGER_RISING | IRQF_ONESHOT,
			 dev_name(&client->dev), data);
	if (rc < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev,
			"irq %d request failed, (gpio %d): %d\n",
			irq, data->eoc_gpio, rc);
		return rc;
	}

	init_waitqueue_head(&data->data_ready_queue);
	clear_bit(0, &data->flags);
	data->eoc_irq = irq;

	return rc;
}


/*
 * Perform some start-of-day setup, including reading the asa calibration
 * values and caching them.
 */
static int ak8975_setup(struct i2c_client *client)
{
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
	struct ak8975_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	u8 device_id;
	int ret;

	/* Confirm that the device we're talking to is really an AK8975. */
	ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client, AK8975_REG_WIA);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Error reading WIA\n");
		return ret;
	}
	device_id = ret;
	if (device_id != AK8975_DEVICE_ID) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Device ak8975 not found\n");
		return -ENODEV;
	}

	/* Write the fused rom access mode. */
	ret = ak8975_write_data(client,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_FUSE_ROM,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_MASK,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SHIFT);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in setting fuse access mode\n");
		return ret;
	}

	/* Get asa data and store in the device data. */
	ret = i2c_smbus_read_i2c_block_data(client, AK8975_REG_ASAX,
					    3, data->asa);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Not able to read asa data\n");
		return ret;
	}

	/* After reading fuse ROM data set power-down mode */
	ret = ak8975_write_data(client,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_POWER_DOWN,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_MASK,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SHIFT);

	if (data->eoc_gpio > 0 || client->irq) {
		ret = ak8975_setup_irq(data);
		if (ret < 0) {
			dev_err(&client->dev,
				"Error setting data ready interrupt\n");
			return ret;
		}
	}

	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in setting power-down mode\n");
		return ret;
	}

/*
 * Precalculate scale factor (in Gauss units) for each axis and
 * store in the device data.
 *
 * This scale factor is axis-dependent, and is derived from 3 calibration
 * factors ASA(x), ASA(y), and ASA(z).
 *
 * These ASA values are read from the sensor device at start of day, and
 * cached in the device context struct.
 *
 * Adjusting the flux value with the sensitivity adjustment value should be
 * done via the following formula:
 *
 * Hadj = H * ( ( ( (ASA-128)*0.5 ) / 128 ) + 1 )
 *
 * where H is the raw value, ASA is the sensitivity adjustment, and Hadj
 * is the resultant adjusted value.
 *
 * We reduce the formula to:
 *
 * Hadj = H * (ASA + 128) / 256
 *
 * H is in the range of -4096 to 4095.  The magnetometer has a range of
 * +-1229uT.  To go from the raw value to uT is:
 *
 * HuT = H * 1229/4096, or roughly, 3/10.
 *
 * Since 1uT = 0.01 gauss, our final scale factor becomes:
 *
 * Hadj = H * ((ASA + 128) / 256) * 3/10 * 1/100
 * Hadj = H * ((ASA + 128) * 0.003) / 256
 *
 * Since ASA doesn't change, we cache the resultant scale factor into the
 * device context in ak8975_setup().
 */
	data->raw_to_gauss[0] = RAW_TO_GAUSS(data->asa[0]);
	data->raw_to_gauss[1] = RAW_TO_GAUSS(data->asa[1]);
	data->raw_to_gauss[2] = RAW_TO_GAUSS(data->asa[2]);

	return 0;
}

static int wait_conversion_complete_gpio(struct ak8975_data *data)
{
	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
	u32 timeout_ms = AK8975_MAX_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT;
	int ret;

	/* Wait for the conversion to complete. */
	while (timeout_ms) {
		msleep(AK8975_CONVERSION_DONE_POLL_TIME);
		if (gpio_get_value(data->eoc_gpio))
			break;
		timeout_ms -= AK8975_CONVERSION_DONE_POLL_TIME;
	}
	if (!timeout_ms) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Conversion timeout happened\n");
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client, AK8975_REG_ST1);
	if (ret < 0)
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in reading ST1\n");

	return ret;
}

static int wait_conversion_complete_polled(struct ak8975_data *data)
{
	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
	u8 read_status;
	u32 timeout_ms = AK8975_MAX_CONVERSION_TIMEOUT;
	int ret;

	/* Wait for the conversion to complete. */
	while (timeout_ms) {
		msleep(AK8975_CONVERSION_DONE_POLL_TIME);
		ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client, AK8975_REG_ST1);
		if (ret < 0) {
			dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in reading ST1\n");
			return ret;
		}
		read_status = ret;
		if (read_status)
			break;
		timeout_ms -= AK8975_CONVERSION_DONE_POLL_TIME;
	}
	if (!timeout_ms) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Conversion timeout happened\n");
		return -EINVAL;
	}

	return read_status;
}

/* Returns 0 if the end of conversion interrupt occured or -ETIME otherwise */
static int wait_conversion_complete_interrupt(struct ak8975_data *data)
{
	int ret;

	ret = wait_event_timeout(data->data_ready_queue,
				 test_bit(0, &data->flags),
				 AK8975_DATA_READY_TIMEOUT);
	clear_bit(0, &data->flags);

	return ret > 0 ? 0 : -ETIME;
}

/*
 * Emits the raw flux value for the x, y, or z axis.
 */
static int ak8975_read_axis(struct iio_dev *indio_dev, int index, int *val)
{
	struct ak8975_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	struct i2c_client *client = data->client;
	u16 meas_reg;
	s16 raw;
	int ret;

	mutex_lock(&data->lock);

	/* Set up the device for taking a sample. */
	ret = ak8975_write_data(client,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_ONCE,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_MASK,
				AK8975_REG_CNTL_MODE_SHIFT);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in setting operating mode\n");
		goto exit;
	}

	/* Wait for the conversion to complete. */
	if (data->eoc_irq)
		ret = wait_conversion_complete_interrupt(data);
	else if (gpio_is_valid(data->eoc_gpio))
		ret = wait_conversion_complete_gpio(data);
	else
		ret = wait_conversion_complete_polled(data);
	if (ret < 0)
		goto exit;

	/* This will be executed only for non-interrupt based waiting case */
	if (ret & AK8975_REG_ST1_DRDY_MASK) {
		ret = i2c_smbus_read_byte_data(client, AK8975_REG_ST2);
		if (ret < 0) {
			dev_err(&client->dev, "Error in reading ST2\n");
			goto exit;
		}
		if (ret & (AK8975_REG_ST2_DERR_MASK |
			   AK8975_REG_ST2_HOFL_MASK)) {
			dev_err(&client->dev, "ST2 status error 0x%x\n", ret);
			ret = -EINVAL;
			goto exit;
		}
	}

	/* Read the flux value from the appropriate register
	   (the register is specified in the iio device attributes). */
	ret = i2c_smbus_read_word_data(client, ak8975_index_to_reg[index]);
	if (ret < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "Read axis data fails\n");
		goto exit;
	}
	meas_reg = ret;

	mutex_unlock(&data->lock);

	/* Endian conversion of the measured values. */
	raw = (s16) (le16_to_cpu(meas_reg));

	/* Clamp to valid range. */
	raw = clamp_t(s16, raw, -4096, 4095);
	*val = raw;
	return IIO_VAL_INT;

exit:
	mutex_unlock(&data->lock);
	return ret;
}

static int ak8975_read_raw(struct iio_dev *indio_dev,
			   struct iio_chan_spec const *chan,
			   int *val, int *val2,
			   long mask)
{
	struct ak8975_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);

	switch (mask) {
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW:
		return ak8975_read_axis(indio_dev, chan->address, val);
	case IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE:
		*val = 0;
		*val2 = data->raw_to_gauss[chan->address];
		return IIO_VAL_INT_PLUS_MICRO;
	}
	return -EINVAL;
}

#define AK8975_CHANNEL(axis, index)					\
	{								\
		.type = IIO_MAGN,					\
		.modified = 1,						\
		.channel2 = IIO_MOD_##axis,				\
		.info_mask_separate = BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_RAW) |		\
			     BIT(IIO_CHAN_INFO_SCALE),			\
		.address = index,					\
	}

static const struct iio_chan_spec ak8975_channels[] = {
	AK8975_CHANNEL(X, 0), AK8975_CHANNEL(Y, 1), AK8975_CHANNEL(Z, 2),
};

static const struct iio_info ak8975_info = {
	.read_raw = &ak8975_read_raw,
	.driver_module = THIS_MODULE,
};

static int ak8975_probe(struct i2c_client *client,
			const struct i2c_device_id *id)
{
	struct ak8975_data *data;
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev;
	int eoc_gpio;
	int err;

	/* Grab and set up the supplied GPIO. */
	if (client->dev.platform_data)
		eoc_gpio = *(int *)(client->dev.platform_data);
	else if (client->dev.of_node)
		eoc_gpio = of_get_gpio(client->dev.of_node, 0);
	else
		eoc_gpio = -1;

	if (eoc_gpio == -EPROBE_DEFER)
		return -EPROBE_DEFER;

	/* We may not have a GPIO based IRQ to scan, that is fine, we will
	   poll if so */
	if (gpio_is_valid(eoc_gpio)) {
		err = gpio_request_one(eoc_gpio, GPIOF_IN, "ak_8975");
		if (err < 0) {
			dev_err(&client->dev,
				"failed to request GPIO %d, error %d\n",
							eoc_gpio, err);
			goto exit;
		}
	}

	/* Register with IIO */
	indio_dev = iio_device_alloc(sizeof(*data));
	if (indio_dev == NULL) {
		err = -ENOMEM;
		goto exit_gpio;
	}
	data = iio_priv(indio_dev);
	i2c_set_clientdata(client, indio_dev);

	data->client = client;
	data->eoc_gpio = eoc_gpio;
	data->eoc_irq = 0;

	/* Perform some basic start-of-day setup of the device. */
	err = ak8975_setup(client);
	if (err < 0) {
		dev_err(&client->dev, "AK8975 initialization fails\n");
		goto exit_free_iio;
	}

	data->client = client;
	mutex_init(&data->lock);
	data->eoc_gpio = eoc_gpio;
	indio_dev->dev.parent = &client->dev;
	indio_dev->channels = ak8975_channels;
	indio_dev->num_channels = ARRAY_SIZE(ak8975_channels);
	indio_dev->info = &ak8975_info;
	indio_dev->name = id->name;
	indio_dev->modes = INDIO_DIRECT_MODE;

	err = iio_device_register(indio_dev);
	if (err < 0)
		goto exit_free_iio;

	return 0;

exit_free_iio:
	iio_device_free(indio_dev);
	if (data->eoc_irq)
		free_irq(data->eoc_irq, data);
exit_gpio:
	if (gpio_is_valid(eoc_gpio))
		gpio_free(eoc_gpio);
exit:
	return err;
}

static int ak8975_remove(struct i2c_client *client)
{
	struct iio_dev *indio_dev = i2c_get_clientdata(client);
	struct ak8975_data *data = iio_priv(indio_dev);

	iio_device_unregister(indio_dev);

	if (data->eoc_irq)
		free_irq(data->eoc_irq, data);

	if (gpio_is_valid(data->eoc_gpio))
		gpio_free(data->eoc_gpio);

	iio_device_free(indio_dev);

	return 0;
}

static const struct i2c_device_id ak8975_id[] = {
	{"ak8975", 0},
	{}
};

MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(i2c, ak8975_id);

static const struct of_device_id ak8975_of_match[] = {
	{ .compatible = "asahi-kasei,ak8975", },
	{ .compatible = "ak8975", },
	{ }
};
MODULE_DEVICE_TABLE(of, ak8975_of_match);

static struct i2c_driver ak8975_driver = {
	.driver = {
		.name	= "ak8975",
		.of_match_table = ak8975_of_match,
	},
	.probe		= ak8975_probe,
	.remove		= ak8975_remove,
	.id_table	= ak8975_id,
};
module_i2c_driver(ak8975_driver);

MODULE_AUTHOR("Laxman Dewangan <ldewangan@nvidia.com>");
MODULE_DESCRIPTION("AK8975 magnetometer driver");
MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");