drivers/usb/wusbcore/security.c - maze/linux - Git at Google

 /*
  * Wireless USB Host Controller
  * Security support: encryption enablement, etc
  *
  * Copyright (C) 2006 Intel Corporation
  * Inaky Perez-Gonzalez <inaky.perez-gonzalez@intel.com>
  *
  * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
  * modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version
  * 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
  *
  * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
  * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
  * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
  * GNU General Public License for more details.
  *
  * You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
  * along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
  * Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
  * 02110-1301, USA.
  *
  *
  * FIXME: docs
  */
 #include <linux/types.h>
 #include <linux/usb/ch9.h>
 #include <linux/random.h>
 #include "wusbhc.h"

 static void wusbhc_set_gtk_callback(struct urb *urb);
 static void wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work(struct work_struct *work);

 int wusbhc_sec_create(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.descr) + sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bDescriptorType = USB_DT_KEY;
 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bReserved = 0;

 	wusbhc->gtk_index = wusb_key_index(0, WUSB_KEY_INDEX_TYPE_GTK,
 					   WUSB_KEY_INDEX_ORIGINATOR_HOST);

 	INIT_WORK(&wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work, wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work);

 	return 0;
 }


 /* Called when the HC is destroyed */
 void wusbhc_sec_destroy(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 }


 /**
  * wusbhc_next_tkid - generate a new, currently unused, TKID
  * @wusbhc:   the WUSB host controller
  * @wusb_dev: the device whose PTK the TKID is for
  *            (or NULL for a TKID for a GTK)
  *
  * The generated TKID consist of two parts: the device's authenicated
  * address (or 0 or a GTK); and an incrementing number.  This ensures
  * that TKIDs cannot be shared between devices and by the time the
  * incrementing number wraps around the older TKIDs will no longer be
  * in use (a maximum of two keys may be active at any one time).
  */
 static u32 wusbhc_next_tkid(struct wusbhc *wusbhc, struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
 {
 	u32 *tkid;
 	u32 addr;

 	if (wusb_dev == NULL) {
 		tkid = &wusbhc->gtk_tkid;
 		addr = 0;
 	} else {
 		tkid = &wusb_port_by_idx(wusbhc, wusb_dev->port_idx)->ptk_tkid;
 		addr = wusb_dev->addr & 0x7f;
 	}

 	*tkid = (addr << 8) | ((*tkid + 1) & 0xff);

 	return *tkid;
 }

 static void wusbhc_generate_gtk(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 	const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
 	u32 tkid;

 	tkid = wusbhc_next_tkid(wusbhc, NULL);

 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[0] = (tkid >>  0) & 0xff;
 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[1] = (tkid >>  8) & 0xff;
 	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[2] = (tkid >> 16) & 0xff;

 	get_random_bytes(wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
 }

 /**
  * wusbhc_sec_start - start the security management process
  * @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
  *
  * Generate and set an initial GTK on the host controller.
  *
  * Called when the HC is started.
  */
 int wusbhc_sec_start(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 	const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
 	int result;

 	wusbhc_generate_gtk(wusbhc);

 	result = wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid,
 				 &wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
 	if (result < 0)
 		dev_err(wusbhc->dev, "cannot set GTK for the host: %d\n",
 			result);

 	return result;
 }

 /**
  * wusbhc_sec_stop - stop the security management process
  * @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
  *
  * Wait for any pending GTK rekeys to stop.
  */
 void wusbhc_sec_stop(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 	cancel_work_sync(&wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work);
 }


 /** @returns encryption type name */
 const char *wusb_et_name(u8 x)
 {
 	switch (x) {
 	case USB_ENC_TYPE_UNSECURE:	return "unsecure";
 	case USB_ENC_TYPE_WIRED:	return "wired";
 	case USB_ENC_TYPE_CCM_1:	return "CCM-1";
 	case USB_ENC_TYPE_RSA_1:	return "RSA-1";
 	default: 			return "unknown";
 	}
 }
 EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wusb_et_name);

 /*
  * Set the device encryption method
  *
  * We tell the device which encryption method to use; we do this when
  * setting up the device's security.
  */
 static int wusb_dev_set_encryption(struct usb_device *usb_dev, int value)
 {
 	int result;
 	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
 	struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev = usb_dev->wusb_dev;

 	if (value) {
 		value = wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionValue;
 	} else {
 		/* FIXME: should be wusb_dev->etd[UNSECURE].bEncryptionValue */
 		value = 0;
 	}
 	/* Set device's */
 	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 			USB_REQ_SET_ENCRYPTION,
 			USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_STANDARD | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
 			value, 0, NULL, 0, 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0)
 		dev_err(dev, "Can't set device's WUSB encryption to "
 			"%s (value %d): %d\n",
 			wusb_et_name(wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionType),
 			wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionValue,  result);
 	return result;
 }

 /*
  * Set the GTK to be used by a device.
  *
  * The device must be authenticated.
  */
 static int wusb_dev_set_gtk(struct wusbhc *wusbhc, struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
 {
 	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;

 	return usb_control_msg(
 		usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 		USB_REQ_SET_DESCRIPTOR,
 		USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_STANDARD | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
 		USB_DT_KEY << 8 | wusbhc->gtk_index, 0,
 		&wusbhc->gtk.descr, wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength,
 		1000);
 }


 /* FIXME: prototype for adding security */
 int wusb_dev_sec_add(struct wusbhc *wusbhc,
 		     struct usb_device *usb_dev, struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
 {
 	int result, bytes, secd_size;
 	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
 	struct usb_security_descriptor secd;
 	const struct usb_encryption_descriptor *etd, *ccm1_etd = NULL;
 	void *secd_buf;
 	const void *itr, *top;
 	char buf[64];

 	result = usb_get_descriptor(usb_dev, USB_DT_SECURITY,
 				    0, &secd, sizeof(secd));
 	if (result < sizeof(secd)) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Can't read security descriptor or "
 			"not enough data: %d\n", result);
 		goto error_secd;
 	}
 	secd_size = le16_to_cpu(secd.wTotalLength);
 	secd_buf = kmalloc(secd_size, GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (secd_buf == NULL) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Can't allocate space for security descriptors\n");
 		goto error_secd_alloc;
 	}
 	result = usb_get_descriptor(usb_dev, USB_DT_SECURITY,
 				    0, secd_buf, secd_size);
 	if (result < secd_size) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Can't read security descriptor or "
 			"not enough data: %d\n", result);
 		goto error_secd_all;
 	}
 	bytes = 0;
 	itr = secd_buf + sizeof(secd);
 	top = secd_buf + result;
 	while (itr < top) {
 		etd = itr;
 		if (top - itr < sizeof(*etd)) {
 			dev_err(dev, "BUG: bad device security descriptor; "
 				"not enough data (%zu vs %zu bytes left)\n",
 				top - itr, sizeof(*etd));
 			break;
 		}
 		if (etd->bLength < sizeof(*etd)) {
 			dev_err(dev, "BUG: bad device encryption descriptor; "
 				"descriptor is too short "
 				"(%u vs %zu needed)\n",
 				etd->bLength, sizeof(*etd));
 			break;
 		}
 		itr += etd->bLength;
 		bytes += snprintf(buf + bytes, sizeof(buf) - bytes,
 				  "%s (0x%02x/%02x) ",
 				  wusb_et_name(etd->bEncryptionType),
 				  etd->bEncryptionValue, etd->bAuthKeyIndex);
 		if (etd->bEncryptionType == USB_ENC_TYPE_CCM_1)
 			ccm1_etd = etd;
 	}
 	/* This code only supports CCM1 as of now. */
 	/* FIXME: user has to choose which sec mode to use?
 	 * In theory we want CCM */
 	if (ccm1_etd == NULL) {
 		dev_err(dev, "WUSB device doesn't support CCM1 encryption, "
 			"can't use!\n");
 		result = -EINVAL;
 		goto error_no_ccm1;
 	}
 	wusb_dev->ccm1_etd = *ccm1_etd;
 	dev_dbg(dev, "supported encryption: %s; using %s (0x%02x/%02x)\n",
 		buf, wusb_et_name(ccm1_etd->bEncryptionType),
 		ccm1_etd->bEncryptionValue, ccm1_etd->bAuthKeyIndex);
 	result = 0;
 	kfree(secd_buf);
 out:
 	return result;


 error_no_ccm1:
 error_secd_all:
 	kfree(secd_buf);
 error_secd_alloc:
 error_secd:
 	goto out;
 }

 void wusb_dev_sec_rm(struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
 {
 	/* Nothing so far */
 }

 /**
  * Update the address of an unauthenticated WUSB device
  *
  * Once we have successfully authenticated, we take it to addr0 state
  * and then to a normal address.
  *
  * Before the device's address (as known by it) was usb_dev->devnum |
  * 0x80 (unauthenticated address). With this we update it to usb_dev->devnum.
  */
 int wusb_dev_update_address(struct wusbhc *wusbhc, struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
 {
 	int result = -ENOMEM;
 	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;
 	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
 	u8 new_address = wusb_dev->addr & 0x7F;

 	/* Set address 0 */
 	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 				 USB_REQ_SET_ADDRESS, 0,
 				 0, 0, NULL, 0, 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "auth failed: can't set address 0: %d\n",
 			result);
 		goto error_addr0;
 	}
 	result = wusb_set_dev_addr(wusbhc, wusb_dev, 0);
 	if (result < 0)
 		goto error_addr0;
 	usb_ep0_reinit(usb_dev);

 	/* Set new (authenticated) address. */
 	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 				 USB_REQ_SET_ADDRESS, 0,
 				 new_address, 0, NULL, 0,
 				 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "auth failed: can't set address %u: %d\n",
 			new_address, result);
 		goto error_addr;
 	}
 	result = wusb_set_dev_addr(wusbhc, wusb_dev, new_address);
 	if (result < 0)
 		goto error_addr;
 	usb_ep0_reinit(usb_dev);
 	usb_dev->authenticated = 1;
 error_addr:
 error_addr0:
 	return result;
 }

 /*
  *
  *
  */
 /* FIXME: split and cleanup */
 int wusb_dev_4way_handshake(struct wusbhc *wusbhc, struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev,
 			    struct wusb_ckhdid *ck)
 {
 	int result = -ENOMEM;
 	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;
 	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
 	u32 tkid;
 	__le32 tkid_le;
 	struct usb_handshake *hs;
 	struct aes_ccm_nonce ccm_n;
 	u8 mic[8];
 	struct wusb_keydvt_in keydvt_in;
 	struct wusb_keydvt_out keydvt_out;

 	hs = kzalloc(3*sizeof(hs[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
 	if (hs == NULL) {
 		dev_err(dev, "can't allocate handshake data\n");
 		goto error_kzalloc;
 	}

 	/* We need to turn encryption before beginning the 4way
 	 * hshake (WUSB1.0[.3.2.2]) */
 	result = wusb_dev_set_encryption(usb_dev, 1);
 	if (result < 0)
 		goto error_dev_set_encryption;

 	tkid = wusbhc_next_tkid(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
 	tkid_le = cpu_to_le32(tkid);

 	hs[0].bMessageNumber = 1;
 	hs[0].bStatus = 0;
 	memcpy(hs[0].tTKID, &tkid_le, sizeof(hs[0].tTKID));
 	hs[0].bReserved = 0;
 	memcpy(hs[0].CDID, &wusb_dev->cdid, sizeof(hs[0].CDID));
 	get_random_bytes(&hs[0].nonce, sizeof(hs[0].nonce));
 	memset(hs[0].MIC, 0, sizeof(hs[0].MIC));	/* Per WUSB1.0[T7-22] */

 	result = usb_control_msg(
 		usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 		USB_REQ_SET_HANDSHAKE,
 		USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_STANDARD | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
 		1, 0, &hs[0], sizeof(hs[0]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake1: request failed: %d\n", result);
 		goto error_hs1;
 	}

 	/* Handshake 2, from the device -- need to verify fields */
 	result = usb_control_msg(
 		usb_dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 		USB_REQ_GET_HANDSHAKE,
 		USB_DIR_IN | USB_TYPE_STANDARD | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
 		2, 0, &hs[1], sizeof(hs[1]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2: request failed: %d\n", result);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	result = -EINVAL;
 	if (hs[1].bMessageNumber != 2) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: bad message number %u\n",
 			hs[1].bMessageNumber);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}
 	if (hs[1].bStatus != 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: bad status %u\n",
 			hs[1].bStatus);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}
 	if (memcmp(hs[0].tTKID, hs[1].tTKID, sizeof(hs[0].tTKID))) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: TKID mismatch "
 			"(#1 0x%02x%02x%02x vs #2 0x%02x%02x%02x)\n",
 			hs[0].tTKID[0], hs[0].tTKID[1], hs[0].tTKID[2],
 			hs[1].tTKID[0], hs[1].tTKID[1], hs[1].tTKID[2]);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}
 	if (memcmp(hs[0].CDID, hs[1].CDID, sizeof(hs[0].CDID))) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: CDID mismatch\n");
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	/* Setup the CCM nonce */
 	memset(&ccm_n.sfn, 0, sizeof(ccm_n.sfn));	/* Per WUSB1.0[6.5.2] */
 	memcpy(ccm_n.tkid, &tkid_le, sizeof(ccm_n.tkid));
 	ccm_n.src_addr = wusbhc->uwb_rc->uwb_dev.dev_addr;
 	ccm_n.dest_addr.data[0] = wusb_dev->addr;
 	ccm_n.dest_addr.data[1] = 0;

 	/* Derive the KCK and PTK from CK, the CCM, H and D nonces */
 	memcpy(keydvt_in.hnonce, hs[0].nonce, sizeof(keydvt_in.hnonce));
 	memcpy(keydvt_in.dnonce, hs[1].nonce, sizeof(keydvt_in.dnonce));
 	result = wusb_key_derive(&keydvt_out, ck->data, &ccm_n, &keydvt_in);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: cannot derive keys: %d\n",
 			result);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	/* Compute MIC and verify it */
 	result = wusb_oob_mic(mic, keydvt_out.kck, &ccm_n, &hs[1]);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: cannot compute MIC: %d\n",
 			result);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	if (memcmp(hs[1].MIC, mic, sizeof(hs[1].MIC))) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: MIC mismatch\n");
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	/* Send Handshake3 */
 	hs[2].bMessageNumber = 3;
 	hs[2].bStatus = 0;
 	memcpy(hs[2].tTKID, &tkid_le, sizeof(hs[2].tTKID));
 	hs[2].bReserved = 0;
 	memcpy(hs[2].CDID, &wusb_dev->cdid, sizeof(hs[2].CDID));
 	memcpy(hs[2].nonce, hs[0].nonce, sizeof(hs[2].nonce));
 	result = wusb_oob_mic(hs[2].MIC, keydvt_out.kck, &ccm_n, &hs[2]);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake3 failed: cannot compute MIC: %d\n",
 			result);
 		goto error_hs2;
 	}

 	result = usb_control_msg(
 		usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
 		USB_REQ_SET_HANDSHAKE,
 		USB_DIR_OUT | USB_TYPE_STANDARD | USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
 		3, 0, &hs[2], sizeof(hs[2]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Handshake3: request failed: %d\n", result);
 		goto error_hs3;
 	}

 	result = wusbhc->set_ptk(wusbhc, wusb_dev->port_idx, tkid,
 				 keydvt_out.ptk, sizeof(keydvt_out.ptk));
 	if (result < 0)
 		goto error_wusbhc_set_ptk;

 	result = wusb_dev_set_gtk(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
 	if (result < 0) {
 		dev_err(dev, "Set GTK for device: request failed: %d\n",
 			result);
 		goto error_wusbhc_set_gtk;
 	}

 	/* Update the device's address from unauth to auth */
 	if (usb_dev->authenticated == 0) {
 		result = wusb_dev_update_address(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
 		if (result < 0)
 			goto error_dev_update_address;
 	}
 	result = 0;
 	dev_info(dev, "device authenticated\n");

 error_dev_update_address:
 error_wusbhc_set_gtk:
 error_wusbhc_set_ptk:
 error_hs3:
 error_hs2:
 error_hs1:
 	memset(hs, 0, 3*sizeof(hs[0]));
 	memset(&keydvt_out, 0, sizeof(keydvt_out));
 	memset(&keydvt_in, 0, sizeof(keydvt_in));
 	memset(&ccm_n, 0, sizeof(ccm_n));
 	memset(mic, 0, sizeof(mic));
 	if (result < 0)
 		wusb_dev_set_encryption(usb_dev, 0);
 error_dev_set_encryption:
 	kfree(hs);
 error_kzalloc:
 	return result;
 }

 /*
  * Once all connected and authenticated devices have received the new
  * GTK, switch the host to using it.
  */
 static void wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work(struct work_struct *work)
 {
 	struct wusbhc *wusbhc = container_of(work, struct wusbhc, gtk_rekey_done_work);
 	size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);

 	mutex_lock(&wusbhc->mutex);

 	if (--wusbhc->pending_set_gtks == 0)
 		wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid, &wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);

 	mutex_unlock(&wusbhc->mutex);
 }

 static void wusbhc_set_gtk_callback(struct urb *urb)
 {
 	struct wusbhc *wusbhc = urb->context;

 	queue_work(wusbd, &wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work);
 }

 /**
  * wusbhc_gtk_rekey - generate and distribute a new GTK
  * @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
  *
  * Generate a new GTK and distribute it to all connected and
  * authenticated devices.  When all devices have the new GTK, the host
  * starts using it.
  *
  * This must be called after every device disconnect (see [WUSB]
  * section 6.2.11.2).
  */
 void wusbhc_gtk_rekey(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
 {
 	static const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
 	int p;

 	wusbhc_generate_gtk(wusbhc);

 	for (p = 0; p < wusbhc->ports_max; p++) {
 		struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev;

 		wusb_dev = wusbhc->port[p].wusb_dev;
 		if (!wusb_dev || !wusb_dev->usb_dev | !wusb_dev->usb_dev->authenticated)
 			continue;

 		usb_fill_control_urb(wusb_dev->set_gtk_urb, wusb_dev->usb_dev,
 				     usb_sndctrlpipe(wusb_dev->usb_dev, 0),
 				     (void *)wusb_dev->set_gtk_req,
 				     &wusbhc->gtk.descr, wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength,
 				     wusbhc_set_gtk_callback, wusbhc);
 		if (usb_submit_urb(wusb_dev->set_gtk_urb, GFP_KERNEL) == 0)
 			wusbhc->pending_set_gtks++;
 	}
 	if (wusbhc->pending_set_gtks == 0)
 		wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid, &wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
 }
	/*
	* Wireless USB Host Controller
	* Security support: encryption enablement, etc
	*
	* Copyright (C) 2006 Intel Corporation
	* Inaky Perez-Gonzalez <inaky.perez-gonzalez@intel.com>
	*
	* This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
	* modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version
	* 2 as published by the Free Software Foundation.
	*
	* This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
	* but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
	* MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
	* GNU General Public License for more details.
	*
	* You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
	* along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
	* Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
	* 02110-1301, USA.
	*
	*
	* FIXME: docs
	*/
	#include <linux/types.h>
	#include <linux/usb/ch9.h>
	#include <linux/random.h>
	#include "wusbhc.h"

	static void wusbhc_set_gtk_callback(struct urb *urb);
	static void wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work(struct work_struct *work);

	int wusbhc_sec_create(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.descr) + sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bDescriptorType = USB_DT_KEY;
	wusbhc->gtk.descr.bReserved = 0;

	wusbhc->gtk_index = wusb_key_index(0, WUSB_KEY_INDEX_TYPE_GTK,
	WUSB_KEY_INDEX_ORIGINATOR_HOST);

	INIT_WORK(&wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work, wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work);

	return 0;
	}


	/* Called when the HC is destroyed */
	void wusbhc_sec_destroy(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	}


	/**
	* wusbhc_next_tkid - generate a new, currently unused, TKID
	* @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
	* @wusb_dev: the device whose PTK the TKID is for
	* (or NULL for a TKID for a GTK)
	*
	* The generated TKID consist of two parts: the device's authenicated
	* address (or 0 or a GTK); and an incrementing number. This ensures
	* that TKIDs cannot be shared between devices and by the time the
	* incrementing number wraps around the older TKIDs will no longer be
	* in use (a maximum of two keys may be active at any one time).
	*/
	static u32 wusbhc_next_tkid(struct wusbhc wusbhc, struct wusb_dev wusb_dev)
	{
	u32 *tkid;
	u32 addr;

	if (wusb_dev == NULL) {
	tkid = &wusbhc->gtk_tkid;
	addr = 0;
	} else {
	tkid = &wusb_port_by_idx(wusbhc, wusb_dev->port_idx)->ptk_tkid;
	addr = wusb_dev->addr & 0x7f;
	}

	tkid = (addr << 8) \| ((tkid + 1) & 0xff);

	return *tkid;
	}

	static void wusbhc_generate_gtk(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
	u32 tkid;

	tkid = wusbhc_next_tkid(wusbhc, NULL);

	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[0] = (tkid >> 0) & 0xff;
	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[1] = (tkid >> 8) & 0xff;
	wusbhc->gtk.descr.tTKID[2] = (tkid >> 16) & 0xff;

	get_random_bytes(wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
	}

	/**
	* wusbhc_sec_start - start the security management process
	* @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
	*
	* Generate and set an initial GTK on the host controller.
	*
	* Called when the HC is started.
	*/
	int wusbhc_sec_start(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
	int result;

	wusbhc_generate_gtk(wusbhc);

	result = wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid,
	&wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
	if (result < 0)
	dev_err(wusbhc->dev, "cannot set GTK for the host: %d\n",
	result);

	return result;
	}

	/**
	* wusbhc_sec_stop - stop the security management process
	* @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
	*
	* Wait for any pending GTK rekeys to stop.
	*/
	void wusbhc_sec_stop(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	cancel_work_sync(&wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work);
	}


	/** @returns encryption type name */
	const char *wusb_et_name(u8 x)
	{
	switch (x) {
	case USB_ENC_TYPE_UNSECURE: return "unsecure";
	case USB_ENC_TYPE_WIRED: return "wired";
	case USB_ENC_TYPE_CCM_1: return "CCM-1";
	case USB_ENC_TYPE_RSA_1: return "RSA-1";
	default: return "unknown";
	}
	}
	EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(wusb_et_name);

	/*
	* Set the device encryption method
	*
	* We tell the device which encryption method to use; we do this when
	* setting up the device's security.
	*/
	static int wusb_dev_set_encryption(struct usb_device *usb_dev, int value)
	{
	int result;
	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
	struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev = usb_dev->wusb_dev;

	if (value) {
	value = wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionValue;
	} else {
	/* FIXME: should be wusb_dev->etd[UNSECURE].bEncryptionValue */
	value = 0;
	}
	/* Set device's */
	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_ENCRYPTION,
	USB_DIR_OUT \| USB_TYPE_STANDARD \| USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
	value, 0, NULL, 0, 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0)
	dev_err(dev, "Can't set device's WUSB encryption to "
	"%s (value %d): %d\n",
	wusb_et_name(wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionType),
	wusb_dev->ccm1_etd.bEncryptionValue, result);
	return result;
	}

	/*
	* Set the GTK to be used by a device.
	*
	* The device must be authenticated.
	*/
	static int wusb_dev_set_gtk(struct wusbhc wusbhc, struct wusb_dev wusb_dev)
	{
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;

	return usb_control_msg(
	usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_DESCRIPTOR,
	USB_DIR_OUT \| USB_TYPE_STANDARD \| USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
	USB_DT_KEY << 8 \| wusbhc->gtk_index, 0,
	&wusbhc->gtk.descr, wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength,
	1000);
	}


	/* FIXME: prototype for adding security */
	int wusb_dev_sec_add(struct wusbhc *wusbhc,
	struct usb_device usb_dev, struct wusb_dev wusb_dev)
	{
	int result, bytes, secd_size;
	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
	struct usb_security_descriptor secd;
	const struct usb_encryption_descriptor etd, ccm1_etd = NULL;
	void *secd_buf;
	const void itr, top;
	char buf[64];

	result = usb_get_descriptor(usb_dev, USB_DT_SECURITY,
	0, &secd, sizeof(secd));
	if (result < sizeof(secd)) {
	dev_err(dev, "Can't read security descriptor or "
	"not enough data: %d\n", result);
	goto error_secd;
	}
	secd_size = le16_to_cpu(secd.wTotalLength);
	secd_buf = kmalloc(secd_size, GFP_KERNEL);
	if (secd_buf == NULL) {
	dev_err(dev, "Can't allocate space for security descriptors\n");
	goto error_secd_alloc;
	}
	result = usb_get_descriptor(usb_dev, USB_DT_SECURITY,
	0, secd_buf, secd_size);
	if (result < secd_size) {
	dev_err(dev, "Can't read security descriptor or "
	"not enough data: %d\n", result);
	goto error_secd_all;
	}
	bytes = 0;
	itr = secd_buf + sizeof(secd);
	top = secd_buf + result;
	while (itr < top) {
	etd = itr;
	if (top - itr < sizeof(*etd)) {
	dev_err(dev, "BUG: bad device security descriptor; "
	"not enough data (%zu vs %zu bytes left)\n",
	top - itr, sizeof(*etd));
	break;
	}
	if (etd->bLength < sizeof(*etd)) {
	dev_err(dev, "BUG: bad device encryption descriptor; "
	"descriptor is too short "
	"(%u vs %zu needed)\n",
	etd->bLength, sizeof(*etd));
	break;
	}
	itr += etd->bLength;
	bytes += snprintf(buf + bytes, sizeof(buf) - bytes,
	"%s (0x%02x/%02x) ",
	wusb_et_name(etd->bEncryptionType),
	etd->bEncryptionValue, etd->bAuthKeyIndex);
	if (etd->bEncryptionType == USB_ENC_TYPE_CCM_1)
	ccm1_etd = etd;
	}
	/* This code only supports CCM1 as of now. */
	/* FIXME: user has to choose which sec mode to use?
	* In theory we want CCM */
	if (ccm1_etd == NULL) {
	dev_err(dev, "WUSB device doesn't support CCM1 encryption, "
	"can't use!\n");
	result = -EINVAL;
	goto error_no_ccm1;
	}
	wusb_dev->ccm1_etd = *ccm1_etd;
	dev_dbg(dev, "supported encryption: %s; using %s (0x%02x/%02x)\n",
	buf, wusb_et_name(ccm1_etd->bEncryptionType),
	ccm1_etd->bEncryptionValue, ccm1_etd->bAuthKeyIndex);
	result = 0;
	kfree(secd_buf);
	out:
	return result;


	error_no_ccm1:
	error_secd_all:
	kfree(secd_buf);
	error_secd_alloc:
	error_secd:
	goto out;
	}

	void wusb_dev_sec_rm(struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev)
	{
	/* Nothing so far */
	}

	/**
	* Update the address of an unauthenticated WUSB device
	*
	* Once we have successfully authenticated, we take it to addr0 state
	* and then to a normal address.
	*
	* Before the device's address (as known by it) was usb_dev->devnum \|
	* 0x80 (unauthenticated address). With this we update it to usb_dev->devnum.
	*/
	int wusb_dev_update_address(struct wusbhc wusbhc, struct wusb_dev wusb_dev)
	{
	int result = -ENOMEM;
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;
	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
	u8 new_address = wusb_dev->addr & 0x7F;

	/* Set address 0 */
	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_ADDRESS, 0,
	0, 0, NULL, 0, 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "auth failed: can't set address 0: %d\n",
	result);
	goto error_addr0;
	}
	result = wusb_set_dev_addr(wusbhc, wusb_dev, 0);
	if (result < 0)
	goto error_addr0;
	usb_ep0_reinit(usb_dev);

	/* Set new (authenticated) address. */
	result = usb_control_msg(usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_ADDRESS, 0,
	new_address, 0, NULL, 0,
	1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "auth failed: can't set address %u: %d\n",
	new_address, result);
	goto error_addr;
	}
	result = wusb_set_dev_addr(wusbhc, wusb_dev, new_address);
	if (result < 0)
	goto error_addr;
	usb_ep0_reinit(usb_dev);
	usb_dev->authenticated = 1;
	error_addr:
	error_addr0:
	return result;
	}

	/*
	*
	*
	*/
	/* FIXME: split and cleanup */
	int wusb_dev_4way_handshake(struct wusbhc wusbhc, struct wusb_dev wusb_dev,
	struct wusb_ckhdid *ck)
	{
	int result = -ENOMEM;
	struct usb_device *usb_dev = wusb_dev->usb_dev;
	struct device *dev = &usb_dev->dev;
	u32 tkid;
	__le32 tkid_le;
	struct usb_handshake *hs;
	struct aes_ccm_nonce ccm_n;
	u8 mic[8];
	struct wusb_keydvt_in keydvt_in;
	struct wusb_keydvt_out keydvt_out;

	hs = kzalloc(3*sizeof(hs[0]), GFP_KERNEL);
	if (hs == NULL) {
	dev_err(dev, "can't allocate handshake data\n");
	goto error_kzalloc;
	}

	/* We need to turn encryption before beginning the 4way
	* hshake (WUSB1.0[.3.2.2]) */
	result = wusb_dev_set_encryption(usb_dev, 1);
	if (result < 0)
	goto error_dev_set_encryption;

	tkid = wusbhc_next_tkid(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
	tkid_le = cpu_to_le32(tkid);

	hs[0].bMessageNumber = 1;
	hs[0].bStatus = 0;
	memcpy(hs[0].tTKID, &tkid_le, sizeof(hs[0].tTKID));
	hs[0].bReserved = 0;
	memcpy(hs[0].CDID, &wusb_dev->cdid, sizeof(hs[0].CDID));
	get_random_bytes(&hs[0].nonce, sizeof(hs[0].nonce));
	memset(hs[0].MIC, 0, sizeof(hs[0].MIC)); /* Per WUSB1.0[T7-22] */

	result = usb_control_msg(
	usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_HANDSHAKE,
	USB_DIR_OUT \| USB_TYPE_STANDARD \| USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
	1, 0, &hs[0], sizeof(hs[0]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake1: request failed: %d\n", result);
	goto error_hs1;
	}

	/* Handshake 2, from the device -- need to verify fields */
	result = usb_control_msg(
	usb_dev, usb_rcvctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_GET_HANDSHAKE,
	USB_DIR_IN \| USB_TYPE_STANDARD \| USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
	2, 0, &hs[1], sizeof(hs[1]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2: request failed: %d\n", result);
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	result = -EINVAL;
	if (hs[1].bMessageNumber != 2) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: bad message number %u\n",
	hs[1].bMessageNumber);
	goto error_hs2;
	}
	if (hs[1].bStatus != 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: bad status %u\n",
	hs[1].bStatus);
	goto error_hs2;
	}
	if (memcmp(hs[0].tTKID, hs[1].tTKID, sizeof(hs[0].tTKID))) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: TKID mismatch "
	"(#1 0x%02x%02x%02x vs #2 0x%02x%02x%02x)\n",
	hs[0].tTKID[0], hs[0].tTKID[1], hs[0].tTKID[2],
	hs[1].tTKID[0], hs[1].tTKID[1], hs[1].tTKID[2]);
	goto error_hs2;
	}
	if (memcmp(hs[0].CDID, hs[1].CDID, sizeof(hs[0].CDID))) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: CDID mismatch\n");
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	/* Setup the CCM nonce */
	memset(&ccm_n.sfn, 0, sizeof(ccm_n.sfn)); /* Per WUSB1.0[6.5.2] */
	memcpy(ccm_n.tkid, &tkid_le, sizeof(ccm_n.tkid));
	ccm_n.src_addr = wusbhc->uwb_rc->uwb_dev.dev_addr;
	ccm_n.dest_addr.data[0] = wusb_dev->addr;
	ccm_n.dest_addr.data[1] = 0;

	/* Derive the KCK and PTK from CK, the CCM, H and D nonces */
	memcpy(keydvt_in.hnonce, hs[0].nonce, sizeof(keydvt_in.hnonce));
	memcpy(keydvt_in.dnonce, hs[1].nonce, sizeof(keydvt_in.dnonce));
	result = wusb_key_derive(&keydvt_out, ck->data, &ccm_n, &keydvt_in);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: cannot derive keys: %d\n",
	result);
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	/* Compute MIC and verify it */
	result = wusb_oob_mic(mic, keydvt_out.kck, &ccm_n, &hs[1]);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: cannot compute MIC: %d\n",
	result);
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	if (memcmp(hs[1].MIC, mic, sizeof(hs[1].MIC))) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake2 failed: MIC mismatch\n");
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	/* Send Handshake3 */
	hs[2].bMessageNumber = 3;
	hs[2].bStatus = 0;
	memcpy(hs[2].tTKID, &tkid_le, sizeof(hs[2].tTKID));
	hs[2].bReserved = 0;
	memcpy(hs[2].CDID, &wusb_dev->cdid, sizeof(hs[2].CDID));
	memcpy(hs[2].nonce, hs[0].nonce, sizeof(hs[2].nonce));
	result = wusb_oob_mic(hs[2].MIC, keydvt_out.kck, &ccm_n, &hs[2]);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake3 failed: cannot compute MIC: %d\n",
	result);
	goto error_hs2;
	}

	result = usb_control_msg(
	usb_dev, usb_sndctrlpipe(usb_dev, 0),
	USB_REQ_SET_HANDSHAKE,
	USB_DIR_OUT \| USB_TYPE_STANDARD \| USB_RECIP_DEVICE,
	3, 0, &hs[2], sizeof(hs[2]), 1000 /* FIXME: arbitrary */);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Handshake3: request failed: %d\n", result);
	goto error_hs3;
	}

	result = wusbhc->set_ptk(wusbhc, wusb_dev->port_idx, tkid,
	keydvt_out.ptk, sizeof(keydvt_out.ptk));
	if (result < 0)
	goto error_wusbhc_set_ptk;

	result = wusb_dev_set_gtk(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
	if (result < 0) {
	dev_err(dev, "Set GTK for device: request failed: %d\n",
	result);
	goto error_wusbhc_set_gtk;
	}

	/* Update the device's address from unauth to auth */
	if (usb_dev->authenticated == 0) {
	result = wusb_dev_update_address(wusbhc, wusb_dev);
	if (result < 0)
	goto error_dev_update_address;
	}
	result = 0;
	dev_info(dev, "device authenticated\n");

	error_dev_update_address:
	error_wusbhc_set_gtk:
	error_wusbhc_set_ptk:
	error_hs3:
	error_hs2:
	error_hs1:
	memset(hs, 0, 3*sizeof(hs[0]));
	memset(&keydvt_out, 0, sizeof(keydvt_out));
	memset(&keydvt_in, 0, sizeof(keydvt_in));
	memset(&ccm_n, 0, sizeof(ccm_n));
	memset(mic, 0, sizeof(mic));
	if (result < 0)
	wusb_dev_set_encryption(usb_dev, 0);
	error_dev_set_encryption:
	kfree(hs);
	error_kzalloc:
	return result;
	}

	/*
	* Once all connected and authenticated devices have received the new
	* GTK, switch the host to using it.
	*/
	static void wusbhc_gtk_rekey_done_work(struct work_struct *work)
	{
	struct wusbhc *wusbhc = container_of(work, struct wusbhc, gtk_rekey_done_work);
	size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);

	mutex_lock(&wusbhc->mutex);

	if (--wusbhc->pending_set_gtks == 0)
	wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid, &wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);

	mutex_unlock(&wusbhc->mutex);
	}

	static void wusbhc_set_gtk_callback(struct urb *urb)
	{
	struct wusbhc *wusbhc = urb->context;

	queue_work(wusbd, &wusbhc->gtk_rekey_done_work);
	}

	/**
	* wusbhc_gtk_rekey - generate and distribute a new GTK
	* @wusbhc: the WUSB host controller
	*
	* Generate a new GTK and distribute it to all connected and
	* authenticated devices. When all devices have the new GTK, the host
	* starts using it.
	*
	* This must be called after every device disconnect (see [WUSB]
	* section 6.2.11.2).
	*/
	void wusbhc_gtk_rekey(struct wusbhc *wusbhc)
	{
	static const size_t key_size = sizeof(wusbhc->gtk.data);
	int p;

	wusbhc_generate_gtk(wusbhc);

	for (p = 0; p < wusbhc->ports_max; p++) {
	struct wusb_dev *wusb_dev;

	wusb_dev = wusbhc->port[p].wusb_dev;
	if (!wusb_dev \|\| !wusb_dev->usb_dev \| !wusb_dev->usb_dev->authenticated)
	continue;

	usb_fill_control_urb(wusb_dev->set_gtk_urb, wusb_dev->usb_dev,
	usb_sndctrlpipe(wusb_dev->usb_dev, 0),
	(void *)wusb_dev->set_gtk_req,
	&wusbhc->gtk.descr, wusbhc->gtk.descr.bLength,
	wusbhc_set_gtk_callback, wusbhc);
	if (usb_submit_urb(wusb_dev->set_gtk_urb, GFP_KERNEL) == 0)
	wusbhc->pending_set_gtks++;
	}
	if (wusbhc->pending_set_gtks == 0)
	wusbhc->set_gtk(wusbhc, wusbhc->gtk_tkid, &wusbhc->gtk.descr.bKeyData, key_size);
	}