| #ifndef RUN_COMMAND_H |
| #define RUN_COMMAND_H |
| |
| #include "thread-utils.h" |
| |
| #include "strvec.h" |
| |
| /** |
| * The run-command API offers a versatile tool to run sub-processes with |
| * redirected input and output as well as with a modified environment |
| * and an alternate current directory. |
| * |
| * A similar API offers the capability to run a function asynchronously, |
| * which is primarily used to capture the output that the function |
| * produces in the caller in order to process it. |
| */ |
| |
| |
| /** |
| * This describes the arguments, redirections, and environment of a |
| * command to run in a sub-process. |
| * |
| * The caller: |
| * |
| * 1. allocates and clears (using child_process_init() or |
| * CHILD_PROCESS_INIT) a struct child_process variable; |
| * 2. initializes the members; |
| * 3. calls start_command(); |
| * 4. processes the data; |
| * 5. closes file descriptors (if necessary; see below); |
| * 6. calls finish_command(). |
| * |
| * Special forms of redirection are available by setting these members |
| * to 1: |
| * |
| * .no_stdin, .no_stdout, .no_stderr: The respective channel is |
| * redirected to /dev/null. |
| * |
| * .stdout_to_stderr: stdout of the child is redirected to its |
| * stderr. This happens after stderr is itself redirected. |
| * So stdout will follow stderr to wherever it is |
| * redirected. |
| */ |
| struct child_process { |
| |
| /** |
| * The .args is a `struct strvec', use that API to manipulate |
| * it, e.g. strvec_pushv() to add an existing "const char **" |
| * vector. |
| * |
| * If the command to run is a git command, set the first |
| * element in the strvec to the command name without the |
| * 'git-' prefix and set .git_cmd = 1. |
| * |
| * The memory in .args will be cleaned up automatically during |
| * `finish_command` (or during `start_command` when it is unsuccessful). |
| */ |
| struct strvec args; |
| |
| /** |
| * Like .args the .env is a `struct strvec'. |
| * |
| * To modify the environment of the sub-process, specify an array of |
| * environment settings. Each string in the array manipulates the |
| * environment. |
| * |
| * - If the string is of the form "VAR=value", i.e. it contains '=' |
| * the variable is added to the child process's environment. |
| * |
| * - If the string does not contain '=', it names an environment |
| * variable that will be removed from the child process's environment. |
| * |
| * The memory in .env will be cleaned up automatically during |
| * `finish_command` (or during `start_command` when it is unsuccessful). |
| */ |
| struct strvec env; |
| pid_t pid; |
| |
| int trace2_child_id; |
| uint64_t trace2_child_us_start; |
| const char *trace2_child_class; |
| const char *trace2_hook_name; |
| |
| /* |
| * Using .in, .out, .err: |
| * - Specify 0 for no redirections. No new file descriptor is allocated. |
| * (child inherits stdin, stdout, stderr from parent). |
| * - Specify -1 to have a pipe allocated as follows: |
| * .in: returns the writable pipe end; parent writes to it, |
| * the readable pipe end becomes child's stdin |
| * .out, .err: returns the readable pipe end; parent reads from |
| * it, the writable pipe end becomes child's stdout/stderr |
| * The caller of start_command() must close the returned FDs |
| * after it has completed reading from/writing to it! |
| * - Specify > 0 to set a channel to a particular FD as follows: |
| * .in: a readable FD, becomes child's stdin |
| * .out: a writable FD, becomes child's stdout/stderr |
| * .err: a writable FD, becomes child's stderr |
| * The specified FD is closed by start_command(), even in case |
| * of errors! |
| */ |
| int in; |
| int out; |
| int err; |
| |
| /** |
| * To specify a new initial working directory for the sub-process, |
| * specify it in the .dir member. |
| */ |
| const char *dir; |
| |
| unsigned no_stdin:1; |
| unsigned no_stdout:1; |
| unsigned no_stderr:1; |
| unsigned git_cmd:1; /* if this is to be git sub-command */ |
| |
| /** |
| * If the program cannot be found, the functions return -1 and set |
| * errno to ENOENT. Normally, an error message is printed, but if |
| * .silent_exec_failure is set to 1, no message is printed for this |
| * special error condition. |
| */ |
| unsigned silent_exec_failure:1; |
| |
| /** |
| * Run the command from argv[0] using a shell (but note that we may |
| * still optimize out the shell call if the command contains no |
| * metacharacters). Note that further arguments to the command in |
| * argv[1], etc, do not need to be shell-quoted. |
| */ |
| unsigned use_shell:1; |
| |
| /** |
| * Release any open file handles to the object store before running |
| * the command; This is necessary e.g. when the spawned process may |
| * want to repack because that would delete `.pack` files (and on |
| * Windows, you cannot delete files that are still in use). |
| */ |
| unsigned close_object_store:1; |
| |
| unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1; |
| unsigned clean_on_exit:1; |
| unsigned wait_after_clean:1; |
| void (*clean_on_exit_handler)(struct child_process *process); |
| }; |
| |
| #define CHILD_PROCESS_INIT { \ |
| .args = STRVEC_INIT, \ |
| .env = STRVEC_INIT, \ |
| } |
| |
| /** |
| * The functions: start_command, finish_command, run_command do the following: |
| * |
| * - If a system call failed, errno is set and -1 is returned. A diagnostic |
| * is printed. |
| * |
| * - If the program was not found, then -1 is returned and errno is set to |
| * ENOENT; a diagnostic is printed only if .silent_exec_failure is 0. |
| * |
| * - Otherwise, the program is run. If it terminates regularly, its exit |
| * code is returned. No diagnostic is printed, even if the exit code is |
| * non-zero. |
| * |
| * - If the program terminated due to a signal, then the return value is the |
| * signal number + 128, ie. the same value that a POSIX shell's $? would |
| * report. A diagnostic is printed. |
| * |
| */ |
| |
| /** |
| * Initialize a struct child_process variable. |
| */ |
| void child_process_init(struct child_process *); |
| |
| /** |
| * Release the memory associated with the struct child_process. |
| * Most users of the run-command API don't need to call this |
| * function explicitly because `start_command` invokes it on |
| * failure and `finish_command` calls it automatically already. |
| */ |
| void child_process_clear(struct child_process *); |
| |
| int is_executable(const char *name); |
| |
| /** |
| * Check if the command exists on $PATH. This emulates the path search that |
| * execvp would perform, without actually executing the command so it |
| * can be used before fork() to prepare to run a command using |
| * execve() or after execvp() to diagnose why it failed. |
| * |
| * The caller should ensure that command contains no directory separators. |
| * |
| * Returns 1 if it is found in $PATH or 0 if the command could not be found. |
| */ |
| int exists_in_PATH(const char *command); |
| |
| /** |
| * Return the path that is used to execute Unix shell command-lines. |
| */ |
| char *git_shell_path(void); |
| |
| /** |
| * Start a sub-process. Takes a pointer to a `struct child_process` |
| * that specifies the details and returns pipe FDs (if requested). |
| * See below for details. |
| */ |
| int start_command(struct child_process *); |
| |
| /** |
| * Wait for the completion of a sub-process that was started with |
| * start_command(). |
| */ |
| int finish_command(struct child_process *); |
| |
| int finish_command_in_signal(struct child_process *); |
| |
| /** |
| * A convenience function that encapsulates a sequence of |
| * start_command() followed by finish_command(). Takes a pointer |
| * to a `struct child_process` that specifies the details. |
| */ |
| int run_command(struct child_process *); |
| |
| /* |
| * Prepare a `struct child_process` to run auto-maintenance. Returns 1 if the |
| * process has been prepared and is ready to run, or 0 in case auto-maintenance |
| * should be skipped. |
| */ |
| int prepare_auto_maintenance(int quiet, struct child_process *maint); |
| |
| /* |
| * Trigger an auto-gc |
| */ |
| int run_auto_maintenance(int quiet); |
| |
| /** |
| * Execute the given command, sending "in" to its stdin, and capturing its |
| * stdout and stderr in the "out" and "err" strbufs. Any of the three may |
| * be NULL to skip processing. |
| * |
| * Returns -1 if starting the command fails or reading fails, and otherwise |
| * returns the exit code of the command. Any output collected in the |
| * buffers is kept even if the command returns a non-zero exit. The hint fields |
| * gives starting sizes for the strbuf allocations. |
| * |
| * The fields of "cmd" should be set up as they would for a normal run_command |
| * invocation. But note that there is no need to set the in, out, or err |
| * fields; pipe_command handles that automatically. |
| */ |
| int pipe_command(struct child_process *cmd, |
| const char *in, size_t in_len, |
| struct strbuf *out, size_t out_hint, |
| struct strbuf *err, size_t err_hint); |
| |
| /** |
| * Convenience wrapper around pipe_command for the common case |
| * of capturing only stdout. |
| */ |
| static inline int capture_command(struct child_process *cmd, |
| struct strbuf *out, |
| size_t hint) |
| { |
| return pipe_command(cmd, NULL, 0, out, hint, NULL, 0); |
| } |
| |
| /* |
| * The purpose of the following functions is to feed a pipe by running |
| * a function asynchronously and providing output that the caller reads. |
| * |
| * It is expected that no synchronization and mutual exclusion between |
| * the caller and the feed function is necessary so that the function |
| * can run in a thread without interfering with the caller. |
| * |
| * The caller: |
| * |
| * 1. allocates and clears (memset(&asy, 0, sizeof(asy));) a |
| * struct async variable; |
| * 2. initializes .proc and .data; |
| * 3. calls start_async(); |
| * 4. processes communicates with proc through .in and .out; |
| * 5. closes .in and .out; |
| * 6. calls finish_async(). |
| * |
| * There are serious restrictions on what the asynchronous function can do |
| * because this facility is implemented by a thread in the same address |
| * space on most platforms (when pthreads is available), but by a pipe to |
| * a forked process otherwise: |
| * |
| * - It cannot change the program's state (global variables, environment, |
| * etc.) in a way that the caller notices; in other words, .in and .out |
| * are the only communication channels to the caller. |
| * |
| * - It must not change the program's state that the caller of the |
| * facility also uses. |
| * |
| */ |
| struct async { |
| |
| /** |
| * The function pointer in .proc has the following signature: |
| * |
| * int proc(int in, int out, void *data); |
| * |
| * - in, out specifies a set of file descriptors to which the function |
| * must read/write the data that it needs/produces. The function |
| * *must* close these descriptors before it returns. A descriptor |
| * may be -1 if the caller did not configure a descriptor for that |
| * direction. |
| * |
| * - data is the value that the caller has specified in the .data member |
| * of struct async. |
| * |
| * - The return value of the function is 0 on success and non-zero |
| * on failure. If the function indicates failure, finish_async() will |
| * report failure as well. |
| * |
| */ |
| int (*proc)(int in, int out, void *data); |
| |
| void *data; |
| |
| /** |
| * The members .in, .out are used to provide a set of fd's for |
| * communication between the caller and the callee as follows: |
| * |
| * - Specify 0 to have no file descriptor passed. The callee will |
| * receive -1 in the corresponding argument. |
| * |
| * - Specify < 0 to have a pipe allocated; start_async() replaces |
| * with the pipe FD in the following way: |
| * |
| * .in: Returns the writable pipe end into which the caller |
| * writes; the readable end of the pipe becomes the function's |
| * in argument. |
| * |
| * .out: Returns the readable pipe end from which the caller |
| * reads; the writable end of the pipe becomes the function's |
| * out argument. |
| * |
| * The caller of start_async() must close the returned FDs after it |
| * has completed reading from/writing from them. |
| * |
| * - Specify a file descriptor > 0 to be used by the function: |
| * |
| * .in: The FD must be readable; it becomes the function's in. |
| * .out: The FD must be writable; it becomes the function's out. |
| * |
| * The specified FD is closed by start_async(), even if it fails to |
| * run the function. |
| */ |
| int in; /* caller writes here and closes it */ |
| int out; /* caller reads from here and closes it */ |
| #ifdef NO_PTHREADS |
| pid_t pid; |
| #else |
| pthread_t tid; |
| int proc_in; |
| int proc_out; |
| #endif |
| int isolate_sigpipe; |
| }; |
| |
| /** |
| * Run a function asynchronously. Takes a pointer to a `struct |
| * async` that specifies the details and returns a set of pipe FDs |
| * for communication with the function. See below for details. |
| */ |
| int start_async(struct async *async); |
| |
| /** |
| * Wait for the completion of an asynchronous function that was |
| * started with start_async(). |
| */ |
| int finish_async(struct async *async); |
| |
| int in_async(void); |
| int async_with_fork(void); |
| void check_pipe(int err); |
| |
| /** |
| * This callback should initialize the child process and preload the |
| * error channel if desired. The preloading of is useful if you want to |
| * have a message printed directly before the output of the child process. |
| * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed to run_processes_parallel. |
| * You can store a child process specific callback cookie in pp_task_cb. |
| * |
| * See run_processes_parallel() below for a discussion of the "struct |
| * strbuf *out" parameter. |
| * |
| * Even after returning 0 to indicate that there are no more processes, |
| * this function will be called again until there are no more running |
| * child processes. |
| * |
| * Return 1 if the next child is ready to run. |
| * Return 0 if there are currently no more tasks to be processed. |
| * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion, |
| * return the negative signal number. |
| */ |
| typedef int (*get_next_task_fn)(struct child_process *cp, |
| struct strbuf *out, |
| void *pp_cb, |
| void **pp_task_cb); |
| |
| /** |
| * This callback is called whenever there are problems starting |
| * a new process. |
| * |
| * See run_processes_parallel() below for a discussion of the "struct |
| * strbuf *out" parameter. |
| * |
| * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed into run_processes_parallel, |
| * pp_task_cb is the callback cookie as passed into get_next_task_fn. |
| * |
| * Return 0 to continue the parallel processing. To abort return non zero. |
| * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion, return |
| * the negative signal number. |
| */ |
| typedef int (*start_failure_fn)(struct strbuf *out, |
| void *pp_cb, |
| void *pp_task_cb); |
| |
| /** |
| * This callback is called on every child process that finished processing. |
| * |
| * See run_processes_parallel() below for a discussion of the "struct |
| * strbuf *out" parameter. |
| * |
| * pp_cb is the callback cookie as passed into run_processes_parallel, |
| * pp_task_cb is the callback cookie as passed into get_next_task_fn. |
| * |
| * Return 0 to continue the parallel processing. To abort return non zero. |
| * To send a signal to other child processes for abortion, return |
| * the negative signal number. |
| */ |
| typedef int (*task_finished_fn)(int result, |
| struct strbuf *out, |
| void *pp_cb, |
| void *pp_task_cb); |
| |
| /** |
| * Option used by run_processes_parallel(), { 0 }-initialized means no |
| * options. |
| */ |
| struct run_process_parallel_opts |
| { |
| /** |
| * tr2_category & tr2_label: sets the trace2 category and label for |
| * logging. These must either be unset, or both of them must be set. |
| */ |
| const char *tr2_category; |
| const char *tr2_label; |
| |
| /** |
| * processes: see 'processes' in run_processes_parallel() below. |
| */ |
| size_t processes; |
| |
| /** |
| * ungroup: see 'ungroup' in run_processes_parallel() below. |
| */ |
| unsigned int ungroup:1; |
| |
| /** |
| * get_next_task: See get_next_task_fn() above. This must be |
| * specified. |
| */ |
| get_next_task_fn get_next_task; |
| |
| /** |
| * start_failure: See start_failure_fn() above. This can be |
| * NULL to omit any special handling. |
| */ |
| start_failure_fn start_failure; |
| |
| /** |
| * task_finished: See task_finished_fn() above. This can be |
| * NULL to omit any special handling. |
| */ |
| task_finished_fn task_finished; |
| |
| /** |
| * data: user data, will be passed as "pp_cb" to the callback |
| * parameters. |
| */ |
| void *data; |
| }; |
| |
| /** |
| * Options are passed via the "struct run_process_parallel_opts" above. |
| * |
| * Runs N 'processes' at the same time. Whenever a process can be |
| * started, the callback opts.get_next_task is called to obtain the data |
| * required to start another child process. |
| * |
| * The children started via this function run in parallel. Their output |
| * (both stdout and stderr) is routed to stderr in a manner that output |
| * from different tasks does not interleave (but see "ungroup" below). |
| * |
| * If the "ungroup" option isn't specified, the API will set the |
| * "stdout_to_stderr" parameter in "struct child_process" and provide |
| * the callbacks with a "struct strbuf *out" parameter to write output |
| * to. In this case the callbacks must not write to stdout or |
| * stderr as such output will mess up the output of the other parallel |
| * processes. If "ungroup" option is specified callbacks will get a |
| * NULL "struct strbuf *out" parameter, and are responsible for |
| * emitting their own output, including dealing with any race |
| * conditions due to writing in parallel to stdout and stderr. |
| */ |
| void run_processes_parallel(const struct run_process_parallel_opts *opts); |
| |
| /** |
| * Convenience function which prepares env for a command to be run in a |
| * new repo. This adds all GIT_* environment variables to env with the |
| * exception of GIT_CONFIG_PARAMETERS and GIT_CONFIG_COUNT (which cause the |
| * corresponding environment variables to be unset in the subprocess) and adds |
| * an environment variable pointing to new_git_dir. See local_repo_env in |
| * environment.h for more information. |
| */ |
| void prepare_other_repo_env(struct strvec *env, const char *new_git_dir); |
| |
| /** |
| * Possible return values for start_bg_command(). |
| */ |
| enum start_bg_result { |
| /* child process is "ready" */ |
| SBGR_READY = 0, |
| |
| /* child process could not be started */ |
| SBGR_ERROR, |
| |
| /* callback error when testing for "ready" */ |
| SBGR_CB_ERROR, |
| |
| /* timeout expired waiting for child to become "ready" */ |
| SBGR_TIMEOUT, |
| |
| /* child process exited or was signalled before becoming "ready" */ |
| SBGR_DIED, |
| }; |
| |
| /** |
| * Callback used by start_bg_command() to ask whether the |
| * child process is ready or needs more time to become "ready". |
| * |
| * The callback will receive the cmd and cb_data arguments given to |
| * start_bg_command(). |
| * |
| * Returns 1 is child needs more time (subject to the requested timeout). |
| * Returns 0 if child is "ready". |
| * Returns -1 on any error and cause start_bg_command() to also error out. |
| */ |
| typedef int(start_bg_wait_cb)(const struct child_process *cmd, void *cb_data); |
| |
| /** |
| * Start a command in the background. Wait long enough for the child |
| * to become "ready" (as defined by the provided callback). Capture |
| * immediate errors (like failure to start) and any immediate exit |
| * status (such as a shutdown/signal before the child became "ready") |
| * and return this like start_command(). |
| * |
| * We run a custom wait loop using the provided callback to wait for |
| * the child to start and become "ready". This is limited by the given |
| * timeout value. |
| * |
| * If the child does successfully start and become "ready", we orphan |
| * it into the background. |
| * |
| * The caller must not call finish_command(). |
| * |
| * The opaque cb_data argument will be forwarded to the callback for |
| * any instance data that it might require. This may be NULL. |
| */ |
| enum start_bg_result start_bg_command(struct child_process *cmd, |
| start_bg_wait_cb *wait_cb, |
| void *cb_data, |
| unsigned int timeout_sec); |
| |
| int sane_execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[]); |
| |
| #endif |