path.c: refactor relative_path(), not only strip prefix

Original design of relative_path() is simple, just strip the prefix
(*base) from the absolute path (*abs).

In most cases, we need a real relative path, such as: ../foo,
../../bar.  That's why there is another reimplementation
(path_relative()) in quote.c.

Borrow some codes from path_relative() in quote.c to refactor
relative_path() in path.c, so that it could return real relative
path, and user can reuse this function without reimplementing
his/her own.  The function path_relative() in quote.c will be
substituted, and I would use the new relative_path() function when
implementing the interactive git-clean later.

Different results for relative_path() before and after this refactor:

    abs path  base path  relative (original)  relative (refactor)
    ========  =========  ===================  ===================
    /a/b      /a/b       .                    ./
    /a/b/     /a/b       .                    ./
    /a        /a/b/      /a                   ../
    /         /a/b/      /                    ../../
    /a/c      /a/b/      /a/c                 ../c
    /x/y      /a/b/      /x/y                 ../../x/y

    a/b/      a/b/       .                    ./
    a/b/      a/b        .                    ./
    a         a/b        a                    ../
    x/y       a/b/       x/y                  ../../x/y
    a/c       a/b        a/c                  ../c

    (empty)   (null)     (empty)              ./
    (empty)   (empty)    (empty)              ./
    (empty)   /a/b       (empty)              ./
    (null)    (null)     (null)               ./
    (null)    (empty)    (null)               ./
    (null)    /a/b       (segfault)           ./

You may notice that return value "." has been changed to "./".
It is because:

 * Function quote_path_relative() in quote.c will show the relative
   path as "./" if abs(in) and base(prefix) are the same.

 * Function relative_path() is called only once (in setup.c), and
   it will be OK for the return value as "./" instead of ".".

Signed-off-by: Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
index 72e89ce..76c7792 100755
--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -191,33 +191,30 @@
 relative_path /a/b/c/	/a/b/		c/
 relative_path /a/b/c/	/a/b		c/
 relative_path /a//b//c/	//a/b//		c/	POSIX
-relative_path /a/b	/a/b		.
-relative_path /a/b/	/a/b		.
-relative_path /a	/a/b		/a	POSIX
-relative_path /		/a/b/		/	POSIX
-relative_path /a/c	/a/b/		/a/c	POSIX
-relative_path /a/c	/a/b		/a/c	POSIX
-relative_path /x/y	/a/b/		/x/y	POSIX
+relative_path /a/b	/a/b		./
+relative_path /a/b/	/a/b		./
+relative_path /a	/a/b		../
+relative_path /		/a/b/		../../
+relative_path /a/c	/a/b/		../c
+relative_path /a/c	/a/b		../c
+relative_path /x/y	/a/b/		../../x/y
 relative_path /a/b	"<empty>"	/a/b	POSIX
 relative_path /a/b 	"<null>"	/a/b	POSIX
 relative_path a/b/c/	a/b/		c/
 relative_path a/b/c/	a/b		c/
 relative_path a/b//c	a//b		c
-relative_path a/b/	a/b/		.
-relative_path a/b/	a/b		.
-relative_path a		a/b		a	# TODO: should be: ..
-relative_path x/y	a/b		x/y	# TODO: should be: ../../x/y
-relative_path a/c	a/b		a/c	# TODO: should be: ../c
+relative_path a/b/	a/b/		./
+relative_path a/b/	a/b		./
+relative_path a		a/b		../
+relative_path x/y	a/b		../../x/y
+relative_path a/c	a/b		../c
 relative_path a/b	"<empty>"	a/b
 relative_path a/b 	"<null>"	a/b
-relative_path "<empty>"	/a/b		"(empty)"
-relative_path "<empty>"	"<empty>"	"(empty)"
-relative_path "<empty>"	"<null>"	"(empty)"
-relative_path "<null>"	"<empty>"	"(null)"
-relative_path "<null>"	"<null>"	"(null)"
-
-test_expect_failure 'relative path: <null> /a/b => segfault' '
-	test-path-utils relative_path "<null>" "/a/b"
-'
+relative_path "<empty>"	/a/b		./
+relative_path "<empty>"	"<empty>"	./
+relative_path "<empty>"	"<null>"	./
+relative_path "<null>"	"<empty>"	./
+relative_path "<null>"	"<null>"	./
+relative_path "<null>"	/a/b		./
 
 test_done