builtin/notes: add --allow-empty, to allow storing empty notes

Although the "git notes" man page advertises that we support binary-safe
notes addition (using the -C option), we currently do not support adding
the empty note (i.e. using the empty blob to annotate an object). Instead,
an empty note is always treated as an intent to remove the note
altogether.

Introduce the --allow-empty option to the add/append/edit subcommands,
to explicitly allow an empty note to be stored into the notes tree.

Also update the documentation, and add test cases for the new option.

Reported-by: James H. Fisher <jhf@trifork.com>
Improved-by: Kyle J. McKay <mackyle@gmail.com>
Improved-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
Signed-off-by: Johan Herland <johan@herland.net>
Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index ed32d63..a9f37d0 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -22,10 +22,10 @@
 
 static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"),
-	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"),
-	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
-	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [--allow-empty] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [--allow-empty] [<object>]"),
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"),
 	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"),
 	N_("git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"),
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
 
 static int add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int force = 0;
+	int force = 0, allow_empty = 0;
 	const char *object_ref;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	unsigned char object[20], new_note[20];
@@ -400,6 +400,8 @@
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &d, N_("object"),
 			N_("reuse specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty,
+			N_("allow storing empty note")),
 		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -445,7 +447,7 @@
 	}
 
 	prepare_note_data(object, &d, note);
-	if (d.buf.len) {
+	if (d.buf.len || allow_empty) {
 		write_note_data(&d, new_note);
 		if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
 			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
@@ -540,6 +542,7 @@
 
 static int append_edit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	int allow_empty = 0;
 	const char *object_ref;
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	unsigned char object[20], new_note[20];
@@ -560,6 +563,8 @@
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &d, N_("object"),
 			N_("reuse specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty,
+			N_("allow storing empty note")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	int edit = !strcmp(argv[0], "edit");
@@ -602,7 +607,7 @@
 		free(prev_buf);
 	}
 
-	if (d.buf.len) {
+	if (d.buf.len || allow_empty) {
 		write_note_data(&d, new_note);
 		if (add_note(t, object, new_note, combine_notes_overwrite))
 			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");