diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index 8572c8c..6669bf0 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,7 +1,10 @@
 /GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 /GIT-CFLAGS
 /GIT-LDFLAGS
-/GIT-GUI-VARS
+/GIT-PREFIX
+/GIT-PYTHON-VARS
+/GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
+/GIT-USER-AGENT
 /GIT-VERSION-FILE
 /bin-wrappers/
 /git
@@ -19,6 +22,7 @@
 /git-bundle
 /git-cat-file
 /git-check-attr
+/git-check-ignore
 /git-check-ref-format
 /git-checkout
 /git-checkout-index
@@ -26,10 +30,15 @@
 /git-cherry-pick
 /git-clean
 /git-clone
+/git-column
 /git-commit
 /git-commit-tree
 /git-config
 /git-count-objects
+/git-credential
+/git-credential-cache
+/git-credential-cache--daemon
+/git-credential-store
 /git-cvsexportcommit
 /git-cvsimport
 /git-cvsserver
@@ -89,6 +98,7 @@
 /git-name-rev
 /git-mv
 /git-notes
+/git-p4
 /git-pack-redundant
 /git-pack-objects
 /git-pack-refs
@@ -115,7 +125,8 @@
 /git-remote-ftps
 /git-remote-fd
 /git-remote-ext
-/git-remote-testgit
+/git-remote-testpy
+/git-remote-testsvn
 /git-repack
 /git-replace
 /git-repo-config
@@ -161,7 +172,6 @@
 /git-whatchanged
 /git-write-tree
 /git-core-*/?*
-/gitk-git/gitk-wish
 /gitweb/GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
 /gitweb/gitweb.cgi
 /gitweb/static/gitweb.js
@@ -171,21 +181,24 @@
 /test-date
 /test-delta
 /test-dump-cache-tree
+/test-scrap-cache-tree
 /test-genrandom
 /test-index-version
 /test-line-buffer
 /test-match-trees
+/test-mergesort
 /test-mktemp
-/test-obj-pool
 /test-parse-options
 /test-path-utils
+/test-regex
+/test-revision-walking
 /test-run-command
 /test-sha1
 /test-sigchain
-/test-string-pool
+/test-string-list
 /test-subprocess
 /test-svn-fe
-/test-treap
+/test-wildmatch
 /common-cmds.h
 *.tar.gz
 *.dsc
diff --git a/.mailmap b/.mailmap
index 19c8726..c7e8618 100644
--- a/.mailmap
+++ b/.mailmap
@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@
 Alexander Gavrilov <angavrilov@gmail.com>
 Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@gmail.com>
 Brian M. Carlson <sandals@crustytoothpaste.ath.cx>
+Cheng Renquan <crquan@gmail.com>
 Chris Shoemaker <c.shoemaker@cox.net>
+Dan Johnson <computerdruid@gmail.com>
 Dana L. How <danahow@gmail.com>
 Dana L. How <how@deathvalley.cswitch.com>
 Daniel Barkalow <barkalow@iabervon.org>
@@ -18,25 +20,49 @@
 David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
 Deskin Miller <deskinm@umich.edu>
 Dirk Süsserott <newsletter@dirk.my1.cc>
+Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
+Erik Faye-Lund <kusmabite@gmail.com> <kusmabite@googlemail.com>
 Fredrik Kuivinen <freku045@student.liu.se>
+Frédéric Heitzmann <frederic.heitzmann@gmail.com>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@bonde.sc.orionmulti.com>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@tazenda.sc.orionmulti.com>
 H. Peter Anvin <hpa@trantor.hos.anvin.org>
 Horst H. von Brand <vonbrand@inf.utfsm.cl>
 İsmail Dönmez <ismail@pardus.org.tr>
+Jakub Narębski <jnareb@gmail.com>
 Jay Soffian <jaysoffian+git@gmail.com>
+Jeff King <peff@peff.net> <peff@github.com>
 Joachim Berdal Haga <cjhaga@fys.uio.no>
+Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> <johannes.sixt@telecom.at>
+Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> <j.sixt@viscovery.net>
+Johannes Sixt <j6t@kdbg.org> <J.Sixt@eudaptics.com>
 Jon Loeliger <jdl@freescale.com>
 Jon Seymour <jon@blackcubes.dyndns.org>
 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@uchicago.edu>
-Junio C Hamano <junio@twinsun.com>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <gitster@pobox.com>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@pobox.com>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@twinsun.com>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junkio@twinsun.com>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@hera.kernel.org>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junio@kernel.org>
+Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com> <junkio@cox.net>
 Karl Hasselström <kha@treskal.com>
+Kevin Leung <kevinlsk@gmail.com>
 Kent Engstrom <kent@lysator.liu.se>
 Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line ! de>
 Lars Doelle <lars.doelle@on-line.de>
 Li Hong <leehong@pku.edu.cn>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@woody.linux-foundation.org>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@osdl.org>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@g5.osdl.org>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@evo.osdl.org>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org>
+Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org> <torvalds@ppc970.osdl.org.(none)>
 Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
-Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org>
+Marc-André Lureau <marcandre.lureau@gmail.com>
+Mark Rada <marada@uwaterloo.ca>
+Martin Langhoff <martin@laptop.org> <martin@catalyst.net.nz>
+Martin von Zweigbergk <martinvonz@gmail.com> <martin.von.zweigbergk@gmail.com>
 Michael Coleman <tutufan@gmail.com>
 Michael J Gruber <git@drmicha.warpmail.net> <michaeljgruber+gmane@fastmail.fm>
 Michael W. Olson <mwolson@gnu.org>
@@ -45,16 +71,22 @@
 Nanako Shiraishi <nanako3@lavabit.com>
 Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
 <nico@fluxnic.net> <nico@cam.org>
+Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se> <peter@svarten.intern.softwolves.pp.se>
+Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se> <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
 Philippe Bruhat <book@cpan.org>
+Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com> <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
 Ramsay Allan Jones <ramsay@ramsay1.demon.co.uk>
 René Scharfe <rene.scharfe@lsrfire.ath.cx>
 Robert Fitzsimons <robfitz@273k.net>
+Robert Zeh <robert.a.zeh@gmail.com>
 Sam Vilain <sam@vilain.net>
 Santi Béjar <sbejar@gmail.com>
 Sean Estabrooks <seanlkml@sympatico.ca>
 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
 Steven Grimm <koreth@midwinter.com>
+Tay Ray Chuan <rctay89@gmail.com>
 Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
+Thomas Rast <trast@inf.ethz.ch> <trast@student.ethz.ch>
 Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
 Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe_Zeisberger@digi.com>
 Uwe Kleine-König <Uwe.Kleine-Koenig@digi.com>
diff --git a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
index fe1c1e5..69f7e9b 100644
--- a/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
+++ b/Documentation/CodingGuidelines
@@ -35,10 +35,22 @@
 
  - Case arms are indented at the same depth as case and esac lines.
 
+ - Redirection operators should be written with space before, but no
+   space after them.  In other words, write 'echo test >"$file"'
+   instead of 'echo test> $file' or 'echo test > $file'.  Note that
+   even though it is not required by POSIX to double-quote the
+   redirection target in a variable (as shown above), our code does so
+   because some versions of bash issue a warning without the quotes.
+
  - We prefer $( ... ) for command substitution; unlike ``, it
    properly nests.  It should have been the way Bourne spelled
    it from day one, but unfortunately isn't.
 
+ - If you want to find out if a command is available on the user's
+   $PATH, you should use 'type <command>', instead of 'which <command>'.
+   The output of 'which' is not machine parseable and its exit code
+   is not reliable across platforms.
+
  - We use POSIX compliant parameter substitutions and avoid bashisms;
    namely:
 
@@ -64,11 +76,19 @@
 
  - We do not use Process Substitution <(list) or >(list).
 
+ - Do not write control structures on a single line with semicolon.
+   "then" should be on the next line for if statements, and "do"
+   should be on the next line for "while" and "for".
+
  - We prefer "test" over "[ ... ]".
 
  - We do not write the noiseword "function" in front of shell
    functions.
 
+ - We prefer a space between the function name and the parentheses. The
+   opening "{" should also be on the same line.
+   E.g.: my_function () {
+
  - As to use of grep, stick to a subset of BRE (namely, no \{m,n\},
    [::], [==], nor [..]) for portability.
 
@@ -81,6 +101,10 @@
      are ERE elements not BRE (note that \? and \+ are not even part
      of BRE -- making them accessible from BRE is a GNU extension).
 
+ - Use Git's gettext wrappers in git-sh-i18n to make the user
+   interface translatable. See "Marking strings for translation" in
+   po/README.
+
 For C programs:
 
  - We use tabs to indent, and interpret tabs as taking up to
@@ -88,6 +112,14 @@
 
  - We try to keep to at most 80 characters per line.
 
+ - We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile git with,
+   including old ones. That means that you should not use C99
+   initializers, even if a lot of compilers grok it.
+
+ - Variables have to be declared at the beginning of the block.
+
+ - NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0.
+
  - When declaring pointers, the star sides with the variable
    name, i.e. "char *string", not "char* string" or
    "char * string".  This makes it easier to understand code
@@ -144,6 +176,9 @@
  - When we pass <string, length> pair to functions, we should try to
    pass them in that order.
 
+ - Use Git's gettext wrappers to make the user interface
+   translatable. See "Marking strings for translation" in po/README.
+
 Writing Documentation:
 
  Every user-visible change should be reflected in the documentation.
diff --git a/Documentation/Makefile b/Documentation/Makefile
index 5513256..971977b 100644
--- a/Documentation/Makefile
+++ b/Documentation/Makefile
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 MAN7_TXT=gitcli.txt gittutorial.txt gittutorial-2.txt \
 	gitcvs-migration.txt gitcore-tutorial.txt gitglossary.txt \
 	gitdiffcore.txt gitnamespaces.txt gitrevisions.txt gitworkflows.txt
+MAN7_TXT += gitcredentials.txt
 
 MAN_TXT = $(MAN1_TXT) $(MAN5_TXT) $(MAN7_TXT)
 MAN_XML=$(patsubst %.txt,%.xml,$(MAN_TXT))
@@ -19,9 +20,34 @@
 ARTICLES += git-tools
 ARTICLES += git-bisect-lk2009
 # with their own formatting rules.
-SP_ARTICLES = howto/revert-branch-rebase howto/using-merge-subtree user-manual
+SP_ARTICLES = user-manual
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/new-command
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/revert-branch-rebase
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/using-merge-subtree
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/use-git-daemon
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/update-hook-example
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/setup-git-server-over-http
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/separating-topic-branches
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/revert-a-faulty-merge
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebuild-from-update-hook
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/rebase-from-internal-branch
+SP_ARTICLES += howto/maintain-git
 API_DOCS = $(patsubst %.txt,%,$(filter-out technical/api-index-skel.txt technical/api-index.txt, $(wildcard technical/api-*.txt)))
 SP_ARTICLES += $(API_DOCS)
+
+TECH_DOCS = technical/index-format
+TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-format
+TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-heuristics
+TECH_DOCS += technical/pack-protocol
+TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-capabilities
+TECH_DOCS += technical/protocol-common
+TECH_DOCS += technical/racy-git
+TECH_DOCS += technical/send-pack-pipeline
+TECH_DOCS += technical/shallow
+TECH_DOCS += technical/trivial-merge
+SP_ARTICLES += $(TECH_DOCS)
 SP_ARTICLES += technical/api-index
 
 DOC_HTML += $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES) $(SP_ARTICLES))
@@ -40,14 +66,15 @@
 man7dir=$(mandir)/man7
 # DESTDIR=
 
-ASCIIDOC=asciidoc
+ASCIIDOC = asciidoc
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA =
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-normal.xsl
+XMLTO = xmlto
 XMLTO_EXTRA =
 INSTALL?=install
 RM ?= rm -f
-DOC_REF = origin/man
-HTML_REF = origin/html
+MAN_REPO = ../../git-manpages
+HTML_REPO = ../../git-htmldocs
 
 infodir?=$(prefix)/share/info
 MAKEINFO=makeinfo
@@ -62,12 +89,6 @@
 -include ../config.mak
 
 #
-# For asciidoc ...
-#	-7.1.2,	set ASCIIDOC7
-#	8.0-,	no extra settings are needed
-#
-
-#
 # For docbook-xsl ...
 #	-1.68.1,	no extra settings are needed?
 #	1.69.0,		set ASCIIDOC_ROFF?
@@ -77,9 +98,6 @@
 #	1.73.0-,	no extra settings are needed
 #
 
-ifndef ASCIIDOC7
-ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a asciidoc7compatible -a no-inline-literal
-endif
 ifdef DOCBOOK_XSL_172
 ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-asciidoc-no-roff
 MANPAGE_XSL = manpage-1.72.xsl
@@ -120,14 +138,15 @@
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
 
-#
-# Please note that there is a minor bug in asciidoc.
-# The version after 6.0.3 _will_ include the patch found here:
-#   http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git&m=111558757202243&w=2
-#
-# Until that version is released you may have to apply the patch
-# yourself - yes, all 6 characters of it!
-#
+ifdef DEFAULT_PAGER
+DEFAULT_PAGER_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_PAGER))
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a 'git-default-pager=$(DEFAULT_PAGER_SQ)'
+endif
+
+ifdef DEFAULT_EDITOR
+DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(DEFAULT_EDITOR))
+ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a 'git-default-editor=$(DEFAULT_EDITOR_SQ)'
+endif
 
 QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
 QUIET_SUBDIR1  =
@@ -159,8 +178,6 @@
 
 html: $(DOC_HTML)
 
-$(DOC_HTML) $(DOC_MAN1) $(DOC_MAN5) $(DOC_MAN7): asciidoc.conf
-
 man: man1 man5 man7
 man1: $(DOC_MAN1)
 man5: $(DOC_MAN5)
@@ -234,11 +251,11 @@
 	$(RM) *.texi *.texi+ *.texi++ git.info gitman.info
 	$(RM) *.pdf
 	$(RM) howto-index.txt howto/*.html doc.dep
-	$(RM) technical/api-*.html technical/api-index.txt
+	$(RM) technical/*.html technical/api-index.txt
 	$(RM) $(cmds_txt) *.made
 	$(RM) manpage-base-url.xsl
 
-$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt
+$(MAN_HTML): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
 		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
@@ -249,9 +266,9 @@
 
 %.1 %.5 %.7 : %.xml manpage-base-url.xsl
 	$(QUIET_XMLTO)$(RM) $@ && \
-	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
+	$(XMLTO) -m $(MANPAGE_XSL) $(XMLTO_EXTRA) man $<
 
-%.xml : %.txt
+%.xml : %.txt asciidoc.conf
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	$(ASCIIDOC) -b docbook -d manpage -f asciidoc.conf \
 		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) -o $@+ $< && \
@@ -266,7 +283,8 @@
 	technical/api-index.sh $(patsubst %,%.txt,$(API_DOCS))
 	$(QUIET_GEN)cd technical && '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./api-index.sh
 
-$(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index): %.html : %.txt
+technical/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
+$(patsubst %,%.html,$(API_DOCS) technical/api-index $(TECH_DOCS)): %.html : %.txt asciidoc.conf
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(ASCIIDOC) -b xhtml11 -f asciidoc.conf \
 		$(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -agit_version=$(GIT_VERSION) $*.txt
 
@@ -311,7 +329,7 @@
 
 howto-index.txt: howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt)
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(wildcard howto/*.txt) >$@+ && \
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./howto-index.sh $(sort $(wildcard howto/*.txt)) >$@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 $(patsubst %,%.html,$(ARTICLES)) : %.html : %.txt
@@ -319,6 +337,7 @@
 
 WEBDOC_DEST = /pub/software/scm/git/docs
 
+howto/%.html: ASCIIDOC_EXTRA += -a git-relative-html-prefix=../
 $(patsubst %.txt,%.html,$(wildcard howto/*.txt)): %.html : %.txt
 	$(QUIET_ASCIIDOC)$(RM) $@+ $@ && \
 	sed -e '1,/^$$/d' $< | $(ASCIIDOC) $(ASCIIDOC_EXTRA) -b xhtml11 - >$@+ && \
@@ -327,12 +346,26 @@
 install-webdoc : html
 	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-webdoc.sh $(WEBDOC_DEST)
 
+# You must have a clone of git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories
+# next to the git repository itself for the following to work.
+
 quick-install: quick-install-man
 
-quick-install-man:
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(DOC_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
+require-manrepo::
+	@if test ! -d $(MAN_REPO); \
+	then echo "git-manpages repository must exist at $(MAN_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
 
-quick-install-html:
-	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REF) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+quick-install-man: require-manrepo
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(MAN_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(mandir)
+
+require-htmlrepo::
+	@if test ! -d $(HTML_REPO); \
+	then echo "git-htmldocs repository must exist at $(HTML_REPO)"; exit 1; fi
+
+quick-install-html: require-htmlrepo
+	'$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ./install-doc-quick.sh $(HTML_REPO) $(DESTDIR)$(htmldir)
+
+print-man1:
+	@for i in $(MAN1_TXT); do echo $$i; done
 
 .PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt
index ebf20e2..d41984d 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.5.2.1.txt
@@ -45,9 +45,3 @@
   - git-fastimport --import-marks was broken; fixed.
 
   - A lot of documentation updates, clarifications and fixes.
-
---
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.5.2-65-g996e2d6
-echo O=`git describe refs/heads/maint`
-git shortlog --no-merges $O..refs/heads/maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt
index e1e24b3..7d8fb85 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.0.2.txt
@@ -79,9 +79,3 @@
   packfile.
 
 Also contains many documentation updates.
-
---
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.6.0.1-78-g3632cfc
-echo O=$(git describe maint)
-git shortlog --no-merges $O..maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt
index 6f0bde1..cd08d81 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.3.txt
@@ -26,7 +26,3 @@
 * RPM binary package installed the html manpages in a wrong place.
 
 Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
-
-
---
-git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.2-33-gc789350..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.4.txt
index 0ce6316..ccbad79 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.4.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.4.txt
@@ -39,6 +39,3 @@
   This fix was first merged to 1.6.2.3.
 
 Also includes minor documentation fixes and updates.
-
---
-git shortlog --no-merges v1.6.1.3..
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.txt
index adb7cca..7b152a6 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.6.1.txt
@@ -278,9 +278,3 @@
 
 * "gitweb" did not mark non-ASCII characters imported from external HTML fragments
   correctly.
-
---
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.6.1-rc3-74-gf66bc5f
-echo O=$(git describe master)
-git shortlog --no-merges $O..master ^maint
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..806a965
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+Git v1.7.10.1 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Additions since v1.7.10
+-----------------------
+
+Localization message files for Danish and German have been added.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10
+-------------------
+
+ * "git add -p" is not designed to deal with unmerged paths but did
+   not exclude them and tried to apply funny patches only to fail.
+
+ * "git blame" started missing quite a few changes from the origin
+   since we stopped using the diff minimalization by default in v1.7.2
+   era.
+
+ * When PATH contains an unreadable directory, alias expansion code
+   did not kick in, and failed with an error that said "git-subcmd"
+   was not found.
+
+ * "git clean -d -f" (not "-d -f -f") is supposed to protect nested
+   working trees of independent git repositories that exist in the
+   current project working tree from getting removed, but the
+   protection applied only to such working trees that are at the
+   top-level of the current project by mistake.
+
+ * "git commit --author=$name" did not tell the name that was being
+   recorded in the resulting commit to hooks, even though it does do
+   so when the end user overrode the authorship via the
+   "GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" environment variable.
+
+ * When "git commit --template F" errors out because the user did not
+   touch the message, it claimed that it aborts due to "empty
+   message", which was utterly wrong.
+
+ * The regexp configured with diff.wordregex was incorrectly reused
+   across files.
+
+ * An age-old corner case bug in combine diff (only triggered with -U0
+   and the hunk at the beginning of the file needs to be shown) has
+   been fixed.
+
+ * Rename detection logic used to match two empty files as renames
+   during merge-recursive, leading to unnatural mismerges.
+
+ * The parser in "fast-import" did not diagnose ":9" style references
+   that is not followed by required SP/LF as an error.
+
+ * When "git fetch" encounters repositories with too many references,
+   the command line of "fetch-pack" that is run by a helper
+   e.g. remote-curl, may fail to hold all of them. Now such an
+   internal invocation can feed the references through the standard
+   input of "fetch-pack".
+
+ * "git fetch" that recurses into submodules on demand did not check
+   if it needs to go into submodules when non branches (most notably,
+   tags) are fetched.
+
+ * "log -p --graph" used with "--stat" had a few formatting error.
+
+ * Running "notes merge --commit" failed to perform correctly when run
+   from any directory inside $GIT_DIR/.  When "notes merge" stops with
+   conflicts, $GIT_DIR/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE is the place a user edits
+   to resolve it.
+
+ * The 'push to upstream' implementation was broken in some corner
+   cases. "git push $there" without refspec, when the current branch
+   is set to push to a remote different from $there, used to push to
+   $there using the upstream information to a remote unreleated to
+   $there.
+
+ * Giving "--continue" to a conflicted "rebase -i" session skipped a
+   commit that only results in changes to submodules.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7a7e9d6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+Git v1.7.10.2 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10.1
+---------------------
+
+ * The test scaffolding for git-daemon was flaky.
+
+ * The test scaffolding for fast-import was flaky.
+
+ * The filesystem boundary was not correctly reported when .git directory
+   discovery stopped at a mount point.
+
+ * HTTP transport that requires authentication did not work correctly when
+   multiple connections are used simultaneously.
+
+ * Minor memory leak during unpack_trees (hence "merge" and "checkout"
+   to check out another branch) has been plugged.
+
+ * In the older days, the header "Conflicts:" in "cherry-pick" and "merge"
+   was separated by a blank line from the list of paths that follow for
+   readability, but when "merge" was rewritten in C, we lost it by
+   mistake. Remove the newline from "cherry-pick" to make them match
+   again.
+
+ * The command line parser choked "git cherry-pick $name" when $name can
+   be both revision name and a pathname, even though $name can never be a
+   path in the context of the command.
+
+ * The "include.path" facility in the configuration mechanism added in
+   1.7.10 forgot to interpret "~/path" and "~user/path" as it should.
+
+ * "git config --rename-section" to rename an existing section into a
+   bogus one did not check the new name.
+
+ * The "diff --no-index" codepath used limited-length buffers, risking
+   pathnames getting truncated.  Update it to use the strbuf API.
+
+ * The report from "git fetch" said "new branch" even for a non branch
+   ref.
+
+ * The http-backend (the server side of the smart http transfer) used
+   to overwrite GIT_COMMITTER_NAME and GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL with the
+   value obtained from REMOTE_USER unconditionally, making it
+   impossible for the server side site-specific customization to use
+   different identity sources to affect the names logged. It now uses
+   REMOTE_USER only as a fallback value.
+
+ * "log --graph" was not very friendly with "--stat" option and its
+   output had line breaks at wrong places.
+
+ * Octopus merge strategy did not reduce heads that are recorded in the
+   final commit correctly.
+
+ * "git push" over smart-http lost progress output a few releases ago;
+   this release resurrects it.
+
+ * The error and advice messages given by "git push" when it fails due
+   to non-ff were not very helpful to new users; it has been broken
+   into three cases, and each is given a separate advice message.
+
+ * The insn sheet given by "rebase -i" did not make it clear that the
+   insn lines can be re-ordered to affect the order of the commits in
+   the resulting history.
+
+ * "git repack" used to write out unreachable objects as loose objects
+   when repacking, even if such loose objects will immediately pruned
+   due to its age.
+
+ * A contrib script "rerere-train" did not work out of the box unless
+   user futzed with her $PATH.
+
+ * "git rev-parse --show-prefix" used to emit nothing when run at the
+   top-level of the working tree, but now it gives a blank line.
+
+ * The i18n of error message "git stash save" was not properly done.
+
+ * "git submodule" used a sed script that some platforms mishandled.
+
+ * When using a Perl script on a system where "perl" found on user's
+   $PATH could be ancient or otherwise broken, we allow builders to
+   specify the path to a good copy of Perl with $PERL_PATH.  The
+   gitweb test forgot to use that Perl when running its test.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..703fbf1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+Git v1.7.10.3 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10.2
+---------------------
+
+ * The message file for German translation has been updated a bit.
+
+ * Running "git checkout" on an unborn branch used to corrupt HEAD.
+
+ * When checking out another commit from an already detached state, we
+   used to report all commits that are not reachable from any of the
+   refs as lossage, but some of them might be reachable from the new
+   HEAD, and there is no need to warn about them.
+
+ * Some time ago, "git clone" lost the progress output for its
+   "checkout" phase; when run without any "--quiet" option, it should
+   give progress to the lengthy operation.
+
+ * The directory path used in "git diff --no-index", when it recurses
+   down, was broken with a recent update after v1.7.10.1 release.
+
+ * "log -z --pretty=tformat:..." did not terminate each record with
+   NUL.  The fix is not entirely correct when the output also asks for
+   --patch and/or --stat, though.
+
+ * The DWIM behaviour for "log --pretty=format:%gd -g" was somewhat
+   broken and gave undue precedence to configured log.date, causing
+   "git stash list" to show "stash@{time stamp string}".
+
+ * "git status --porcelain" ignored "--branch" option by mistake.  The
+   output for "git status --branch -z" was also incorrect and did not
+   terminate the record for the current branch name with NUL as asked.
+
+ * When a submodule repository uses alternate object store mechanism,
+   some commands that were started from the superproject did not
+   notice it and failed with "No such object" errors.  The subcommands
+   of "git submodule" command that recursed into the submodule in a
+   separate process were OK; only the ones that cheated and peeked
+   directly into the submodule's repository from the primary process
+   were affected.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..326670d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+Git v1.7.10.4 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10.3
+---------------------
+
+ * The message file for Swedish translation has been updated a bit.
+
+ * A name taken from mailmap was copied into an internal buffer
+   incorrectly and could overun the buffer if it is too long.
+
+ * A malformed commit object that has a header line chomped in the
+   middle could kill git with a NULL pointer dereference.
+
+ * An author/committer name that is a single character was mishandled
+   as an invalid name by mistake.
+
+ * The progress indicator for a large "git checkout" was sent to
+   stderr even if it is not a terminal.
+
+ * "git grep -e '$pattern'", unlike the case where the patterns are
+   read from a file, did not treat individual lines in the given
+   pattern argument as separate regular expressions as it should.
+
+ * When "git rebase" was given a bad commit to replay the history on,
+   its error message did not correctly give the command line argument
+   it had trouble parsing.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4db1770
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v1.7.10.5 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10.4
+---------------------
+
+ * "git fast-export" did not give a readable error message when the
+   same mark erroneously appeared twice in the --import-marks input.
+
+ * "git rebase -p" used to pay attention to rebase.autosquash which
+    was wrong.  "git rebase -p -i" should, but "git rebase -p" by
+    itself should not.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..58100bf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.10.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+Git v1.7.10 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Compatibility Notes
+-------------------
+
+ * From this release on, the "git merge" command in an interactive
+   session will start an editor when it automatically resolves the
+   merge for the user to explain the resulting commit, just like the
+   "git commit" command does when it wasn't given a commit message.
+
+   If you have a script that runs "git merge" and keeps its standard
+   input and output attached to the user's terminal, and if you do not
+   want the user to explain the resulting merge commits, you can
+   export GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT environment variable set to "no", like
+   this:
+
+	#!/bin/sh
+	GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT=no
+	export GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT
+
+   to disable this behavior (if you want your users to explain their
+   merge commits, you do not have to do anything).  Alternatively, you
+   can give the "--no-edit" option to individual invocations of the
+   "git merge" command if you know everybody who uses your script has
+   Git v1.7.8 or newer.
+
+ * The "--binary/-b" options to "git am" have been a no-op for quite a
+   while and were deprecated in mid 2008 (v1.6.0).  When you give these
+   options to "git am", it will now warn and ask you not to use them.
+
+ * When you do not tell which branches and tags to push to the "git
+   push" command in any way, the command used "matching refs" rule to
+   update remote branches and tags with branches and tags with the
+   same name you locally have.  In future versions of Git, this will
+   change to push out only your current branch according to either the
+   "upstream" or the "current" rule.  Although "upstream" may be more
+   powerful once the user understands Git better, the semantics
+   "current" gives is simpler and easier to understand for beginners
+   and may be a safer and better default option.  We haven't decided
+   yet which one to switch to.
+
+
+Updates since v1.7.9
+--------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * various "gitk" updates.
+   - show the path to the top level directory in the window title
+   - update preference edit dialog
+   - display file list correctly when directories are given on command line
+   - make "git-describe" output in the log message into a clickable link
+   - avoid matching the UNIX timestamp part when searching all fields
+   - give preference to symbolic font names like sans & monospace
+   - allow comparing two commits using a mark
+   - "gitk" honors log.showroot configuration.
+
+ * Teams for localizing the messages from the Porcelain layer of
+   commands are starting to form, thanks to Jiang Xin who volunteered
+   to be the localization coordinator.  Translated messages for
+   simplified Chinese, Swedish and Portuguese are available.
+
+ * The configuration mechanism learned an "include" facility; an
+   assignment to the include.path pseudo-variable causes the named
+   file to be included in-place when Git looks up configuration
+   variables.
+
+ * A content filter (clean/smudge) used to be just a way to make the
+   recorded contents "more useful", and allowed to fail; a filter can
+   now optionally be marked as "required".
+
+ * Options whose names begin with "--no-" (e.g. the "--no-verify"
+   option of the "git commit" command) can be negated by omitting
+   "no-" from its name, e.g. "git commit --verify".
+
+ * "git am" learned to pass "-b" option to underlying "git mailinfo", so
+   that a bracketed string other than "PATCH" at the beginning can be kept.
+
+ * "git clone" learned "--single-branch" option to limit cloning to a
+   single branch (surprise!); tags that do not point into the history
+   of the branch are not fetched.
+
+ * "git clone" learned to detach the HEAD in the resulting repository
+   when the user specifies a tag with "--branch" (e.g., "--branch=v1.0").
+   Clone also learned to print the usual "detached HEAD" advice in such
+   a case, similar to "git checkout v1.0".
+
+ * When showing a patch while ignoring whitespace changes, the context
+   lines are taken from the postimage, in order to make it easier to
+   view the output.
+
+ * "git diff --stat" learned to adjust the width of the output on
+   wider terminals, and give more columns to pathnames as needed.
+
+ * "diff-highlight" filter (in contrib/) was updated to produce more
+   aesthetically pleasing output.
+
+ * "fsck" learned "--no-dangling" option to omit dangling object
+   information.
+
+ * "git log -G" and "git log -S" learned to pay attention to the "-i"
+   option.  With "-i", "log -G" ignores the case when finding patch
+   hunks that introduce or remove a string that matches the given
+   pattern.  Similarly with "-i", "log -S" ignores the case when
+   finding the commit the given block of text appears or disappears
+   from the file.
+
+ * "git merge" in an interactive session learned to spawn the editor
+   by default to let the user edit the auto-generated merge message,
+   to encourage people to explain their merges better. Legacy scripts
+   can export GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT=no to retain the historical behavior.
+   Both "git merge" and "git pull" can be given --no-edit from the
+   command line to accept the auto-generated merge message.
+
+ * The advice message given when the user didn't give enough clue on
+   what to merge to "git pull" and "git merge" has been updated to
+   be more concise and easier to understand.
+
+ * "git push" learned the "--prune" option, similar to "git fetch".
+
+ * The whole directory that houses a top-level superproject managed by
+   "git submodule" can be moved to another place.
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref" learned the "--short" option to abbreviate the
+   refname it shows unambiguously.
+
+ * "git tag --list" can be given "--points-at <object>" to limit its
+   output to those that point at the given object.
+
+ * "gitweb" allows intermediate entries in the directory hierarchy
+   that leads to a project to be clicked, which in turn shows the
+   list of projects inside that directory.
+
+ * "gitweb" learned to read various pieces of information for the
+   repositories lazily, instead of reading everything that could be
+   needed (including the ones that are not necessary for a specific
+   task).
+
+ * Project search in "gitweb" shows the substring that matched in the
+   project name and description highlighted.
+
+ * HTTP transport learned to authenticate with a proxy if needed.
+
+ * A new script "diffall" is added to contrib/; it drives an
+   external tool to perform a directory diff of two Git revisions
+   in one go, unlike "difftool" that compares one file at a time.
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * Improved handling of views, labels and branches in "git-p4" (in contrib).
+
+ * "git-p4" (in contrib) suffered from unnecessary merge conflicts when
+   p4 expanded the embedded $RCS$-like keywords; it can be now told to
+   unexpand them.
+
+ * Some "git-svn" updates.
+
+ * "vcs-svn"/"svn-fe" learned to read dumps with svn-deltas and
+   support incremental imports.
+
+ * "git difftool/mergetool" learned to drive DeltaWalker.
+
+Performance
+
+ * Unnecessary calls to parse_object() "git upload-pack" makes in
+   response to "git fetch", have been eliminated, to help performance
+   in repositories with excessive number of refs.
+
+Internal Implementation (please report possible regressions)
+
+ * Recursive call chains in "git index-pack" to deal with long delta
+   chains have been flattened, to reduce the stack footprint.
+
+ * Use of add_extra_ref() API is now gone, to make it possible to
+   cleanly restructure the overall refs API.
+
+ * The command line parser of "git pack-objects" now uses parse-options
+   API.
+
+ * The test suite supports the new "test_pause" helper function.
+
+ * Parallel to the test suite, there is a beginning of performance
+   benchmarking framework.
+
+ * t/Makefile is adjusted to prevent newer versions of GNU make from
+   running tests in seemingly random order.
+
+ * The code to check if a path points at a file beyond a symbolic link
+   has been restructured to be thread-safe.
+
+ * When pruning directories that has become empty during "git prune"
+   and "git prune-packed", call closedir() that iterates over a
+   directory before rmdir() it.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.7.9 in the maintenance
+releases are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * Build with NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER was broken and Git::I18N did not work
+   with versions of Perl older than 5.8.3.
+   (merge 5eb660e ab/perl-i18n later to maint).
+
+ * "git tag -s" honored "gpg.program" configuration variable since
+   1.7.9, but "git tag -v" and "git verify-tag" didn't.
+   (merge a2c2506 az/verify-tag-use-gpg-config later to maint).
+
+ * "configure" script learned to take "--with-sane-tool-path" from the
+   command line to record SANE_TOOL_PATH (used to avoid broken platform
+   tools in /usr/bin) in config.mak.autogen.  This may be useful for
+   people on Solaris who have saner tools outside /usr/xpg[46]/bin.
+
+ * zsh port of bash completion script needed another workaround.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..577ecca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+Git v1.7.11.1 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11
+-------------------
+
+ * The cross links in the HTML version of manual pages were broken.
+
+Also contains minor typofixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a0d24d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+Git v1.7.11.2 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.1
+---------------------
+
+ * On Cygwin, the platform pread(2) is not thread safe, just like our
+   own compat/ emulation, and cannot be used in the index-pack
+   program.  Makefile variable NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD can be defined to
+   avoid use of this function in a threaded program.
+
+ * "git add" allows adding a regular file to the path where a
+   submodule used to exist, but "git update-index" does not allow an
+   equivalent operation to Porcelain writers.
+
+ * "git archive" incorrectly computed the header checksum; the symptom
+   was observed only when using pathnames with hi-bit set.
+
+ * "git blame" did not try to make sure that the abbreviated commit
+   object names in its output are unique.
+
+ * Running "git bundle verify" on a bundle that records a complete
+   history said "it requires these 0 commits".
+
+ * "git clone --single-branch" to clone a single branch did not limit
+   the cloning to the specified branch.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not correctly handle relative paths and
+   did not correctly give exit codes when run under "--quiet" option.
+
+ * "git diff --no-index" did not work with pagers correctly.
+
+ * "git diff COPYING HEAD:COPYING" gave a nonsense error message that
+   claimed that the treeish HEAD did not have COPYING in it.
+
+ * When "git log" gets "--simplify-merges/by-decoration" together with
+   "--first-parent", the combination of these options makes the
+   simplification logic to use in-core commit objects that haven't
+   been examined for relevance, either producing incorrect result or
+   taking too long to produce any output.  Teach the simplification
+   logic to ignore commits that the first-parent traversal logic
+   ignored when both are in effect to work around the issue.
+
+ * "git ls-files --exclude=t -i" did not consider anything under t/ as
+   excluded, as it did not pay attention to exclusion of leading paths
+   while walking the index.  Other two users of excluded() are also
+   updated.
+
+ * "git request-pull $url dev" when the tip of "dev" branch was tagged
+   with "ext4-for-linus" used the contents from the tag in the output
+   but still asked the "dev" branch to be pulled, not the tag.
+
+Also contains minor typofixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..64494f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+Git v1.7.11.3 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.3
+---------------------
+
+ * The error message from "git push $there :bogo" (and its equivalent
+   "git push $there --delete bogo") mentioned that we tried and failed
+   to guess what ref is being deleted based on the LHS of the refspec,
+   which we don't.
+
+ * A handful of files and directories we create had tighter than
+   necessary permission bits when the user wanted to have group
+   writability (e.g. by setting "umask 002").
+
+ * "commit --amend" used to refuse amending a commit with an empty log
+   message, with or without "--allow-empty-message".
+
+ * "git commit --amend --only --" was meant to allow "Clever" people to
+   rewrite the commit message without making any change even when they
+   have already changes for the next commit added to their index, but
+   it never worked as advertised since it was introduced in 1.3.0 era.
+
+ * Even though the index can record pathnames longer than 1<<12 bytes,
+   in some places we were not comparing them in full, potentially
+   replacing index entries instead of adding.
+
+ * "git show"'s auto-walking behaviour was an unreliable and
+   unpredictable hack; it now behaves just like "git log" does when it
+   walks.
+
+ * "git diff", "git status" and anything that internally uses the
+   comparison machinery was utterly broken when the difference
+   involved a file with "-" as its name.  This was due to the way "git
+   diff --no-index" was incorrectly bolted on to the system, making
+   any comparison that involves a file "-" at the root level
+   incorrectly read from the standard input.
+
+ * We did not have test to make sure "git rebase" without extra options
+   filters out an empty commit in the original history.
+
+ * "git fast-export" produced an input stream for fast-import without
+   properly quoting pathnames when they contain SPs in them.
+
+ * "git checkout --detach", when you are still on an unborn branch,
+   should be forbidden, but it wasn't.
+
+ * Some implementations of Perl terminates "lines" with CRLF even when
+   the script is operating on just a sequence of bytes.  Make sure to
+   use "$PERL_PATH", the version of Perl the user told Git to use, in
+   our tests to avoid unnecessary breakages in tests.
+
+Also contains minor typofixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3a640c2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+Git v1.7.11.4 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.3
+---------------------
+
+ * "$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG" file that is used to hold the commit log
+   message user edits was not documented.
+
+ * The advise() function did not use varargs correctly to format
+   its message.
+
+ * When "git am" failed, old timers knew to check .git/rebase-apply/patch
+   to see what went wrong, but we never told the users about it.
+
+ * "git commit-tree" learned a more natural "-p <parent> <tree>" order
+   of arguments long time ago, but recently forgot it by mistake.
+
+ * "git diff --no-ext-diff" did not output anything for a typechange
+   filepair when GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF is in effect.
+
+ * In 1.7.9 era, we taught "git rebase" about the raw timestamp format
+   but we did not teach the same trick to "filter-branch", which rolled
+   a similar logic on its own.
+
+ * When "git submodule add" clones a submodule repository, it can get
+   confused where to store the resulting submodule repository in the
+   superproject's .git/ directory when there is a symbolic link in the
+   path to the current directory.
+
+Also contains minor typofixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a2ed85
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+Git v1.7.11.5 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.4
+---------------------
+
+ * The Makefile rule to create assembly output (primarily for
+   debugging purposes) did not create it next to the source.
+
+ * The code to avoid mistaken attempt to add the object directory
+   itself as its own alternate could read beyond end of a string while
+   comparison.
+
+ * On some architectures, "block-sha1" did not compile correctly
+   when compilers inferred alignment guarantees from our source we
+   did not intend to make.
+
+ * When talking to a remote running ssh on IPv6 enabled host, whose
+   address is spelled as "[HOST]:PORT", we did not parse the address
+   correctly and failed to connect.
+
+ * git-blame.el (in compat/) have been updated to use Elisp more
+   correctly.
+
+ * "git checkout <branchname>" to come back from a detached HEAD state
+   incorrectly computed reachability of the detached HEAD, resulting
+   in unnecessary warnings.
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not support --tool-help option to give the list
+   of supported backends, like "git difftool" does.
+
+ * "git grep" stopped spawning an external "grep" long time ago, but a
+   duplicated test to check internal and external "grep" was left
+   behind.
+
+Also contains minor typofixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ba7d3c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+Git v1.7.11.6 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.5
+---------------------
+
+ * "ciabot" script (in contrib/) has been updated with extensive
+   documentation.
+
+ * "git foo" errored out with "Not a directory" when the user had a
+   non-directory on $PATH, and worse yet it masked an alias "foo" from
+   running.
+
+ * When the user exports a non-default IFS without HT, scripts that
+   rely on being able to parse "ls-files -s | while read a b c..."
+   started to fail.  Protect them from such a misconfiguration.
+
+ * When the user gives an argument that can be taken as both a
+   revision name and a pathname without disambiguating with "--", we
+   used to give a help message "Use '--' to separate".  The message
+   has been clarified to show where that '--' goes on the command
+   line.
+
+ * Documentation for the configuration file format had a confusing
+   example.
+
+ * Older parts of the documentation described as if having a regular
+   file in .git/refs/ hierarchy were the only way to have branches and
+   tags, which is not true for quite some time.
+
+ * It was generally understood that "--long-option"s to many of our
+   subcommands can be abbreviated to the unique prefix, but it was not
+   easy to find it described for new readers of the documentation set.
+
+ * The "--topo-order", "--date-order" (and the lack of either means
+   the default order) options to "rev-list" and "log" family of
+   commands were poorly described in the documentation.
+
+ * "git commit --amend" let the user edit the log message and then
+   died when the human-readable committer name was given
+   insufficiently by getpwent(3).
+
+ * The exit status code from "git config" was way overspecified while
+   being incorrect.  The implementation has been updated to give the
+   documented status for a case that was documented, and introduce a
+   new code for "all other errors".
+
+ * The output from "git diff -B" for a file that ends with an
+   incomplete line did not put "\ No newline..." on a line of its own.
+
+ * "git diff" had a confusion between taking data from a path in the
+   working tree and taking data from an object that happens to have
+   name 0{40} recorded in a tree.
+
+ * The "--rebase" option to "git pull" can be abbreviated to "-r",
+   but we didn't document it.
+
+ * When "git push" triggered the automatic gc on the receiving end, a
+   message from "git prune" that said it was removing cruft leaked to
+   the standard output, breaking the communication protocol.
+
+ * The reflog entries left by "git rebase" and "git rebase -i" were
+   inconsistent (the interactive one gave an abbreviated object name).
+
+ * "git send-email" did not unquote encoded words that appear on the
+   header correctly, and lost "_" from strings.
+
+ * "git stash apply/pop" did not trigger "rerere" upon conflicts
+   unlike other mergy operations.
+
+ * "git submodule <cmd> path" did not error out when the path to the
+   submodule was misspelt.
+
+ * "git submodule update -f" did not update paths in the working tree
+   that has local changes.
+   (merge 01d4721 sz/submodule-force-update later to maint).
+
+ * "gitweb" when used with PATH_INFO failed to notice directories with
+   SP (and other characters that need URL-style quoting) in them.
+
+ * Fallback 'getpass' implementation made unportable use of stdio API.
+
+ * A utility shell function test_seq has been added as a replacement
+   for the 'seq' utility found on some platforms.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e7e79d9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+Git v1.7.11.7 Release Notes
+===========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11.6
+---------------------
+
+ * The synopsis said "checkout [-B branch]" to make it clear the
+   branch name is a parameter to the option, but the heading for the
+   option description was "-B::", not "-B branch::", making the
+   documentation misleading.
+
+ * Git ships with a fall-back regexp implementation for platforms with
+   buggy regexp library, but it was easy for people to keep using their
+   platform regexp.  A new test has been added to check this.
+
+ * "git apply -p0" did not parse pathnames on "diff --git" line
+   correctly.  This caused patches that had pathnames in no other
+   places to be mistakenly rejected (most notably, binary patch that
+   does not rename nor change mode).  Textual patches, renames or mode
+   changes have preimage and postimage pathnames in different places
+   in a form that can be parsed unambiguously and did not suffer from
+   this problem.
+
+ * After "gitk" showed the contents of a tag, neither "Reread
+   references" nor "Reload" did not update what is shown as the
+   contents of it, when the user overwrote the tag with "git tag -f".
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" did not currectly support more than one --sort
+   option.
+
+ * "git log .." errored out saying it is both rev range and a path
+   when there is no disambiguating "--" is on the command line.
+   Update the command line parser to interpret ".." as a path in such
+   a case.
+
+ * Pushing to smart HTTP server with recent Git fails without having
+   the username in the URL to force authentication, if the server is
+   configured to allow GET anonymously, while requiring authentication
+   for POST.
+
+ * "git show --format='%ci'" did not give timestamp correctly for
+   commits created without human readable name on "committer" line.
+   (merge e27ddb6 jc/maint-ident-missing-human-name later to maint).
+
+ * "git show --quiet" ought to be a synonym for "git show -s", but
+   wasn't.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15b954c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.11.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,139 @@
+Git v1.7.11 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Updates since v1.7.10
+---------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * A new mode for push, "simple", which is a cross between "current"
+   and "upstream", has been introduced. "git push" without any refspec
+   will push the current branch out to the same name at the remote
+   repository only when it is set to track the branch with the same
+   name over there.  The plan is to make this mode the new default
+   value when push.default is not configured.
+
+ * A couple of commands learned the "--column" option to produce
+   columnar output.
+
+ * A third-party tool "git subtree" is distributed in contrib/
+
+ * A remote helper that acts as a proxy and caches ssl session for the
+   https:// transport is added to the contrib/ area.
+
+ * Error messages given when @{u} is used for a branch without its
+   upstream configured have been clarified.
+
+ * Even with the "-q"uiet option, "checkout" used to report setting up
+   tracking.  Also "branch" learned the "-q"uiet option to squelch
+   informational message.
+
+ * Your build platform may support hardlinks but you may prefer not to
+   use them, e.g. when installing to DESTDIR to make a tarball and
+   untarring on a filesystem that has poor support for hardlinks.
+   There is a Makefile option NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS for you.
+
+ * The smart-http backend used to always override GIT_COMMITTER_*
+   variables with REMOTE_USER and REMOTE_ADDR, but these variables are
+   now preserved when set.
+
+ * "git am" learned the "--include" option, which is an opposite of
+   existing the "--exclude" option.
+
+ * When "git am -3" needs to fall back to an application of the patch
+   to a synthesized preimage followed by a 3-way merge, the paths that
+   needed such treatment are now reported to the end user, so that the
+   result in them can be eyeballed with extra care.
+
+ * The output from "diff/log --stat" used to always allocate 4 columns
+   to show the number of modified lines, but not anymore.
+
+ * "git difftool" learned the "--dir-diff" option to spawn external
+   diff tools that can compare two directory hierarchies at a time
+   after populating two temporary directories, instead of running an
+   instance of the external tool once per a file pair.
+
+ * The "fmt-merge-msg" command learned to list the primary contributors
+   involved in the side topic you are merging in a comment in the merge
+   commit template.
+
+ * "git rebase" learned to optionally keep commits that do not
+   introduce any change in the original history.
+
+ * "git push --recurse-submodules" learned to optionally look into the
+   histories of submodules bound to the superproject and push them
+   out.
+
+ * A 'snapshot' request to "gitweb" honors If-Modified-Since: header,
+   based on the commit date.
+
+ * "gitweb" learned to highlight the patch it outputs even more.
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "git svn" used to die with unwanted SIGPIPE when talking with an HTTP
+   server that uses keep-alive.
+
+ * "git svn" learned to use platform specific authentication
+   providers, e.g. gnome-keyring, kwallet, etc.
+
+ * "git p4" has been moved out of the contrib/ area and has seen more
+   work on importing labels as tags from (and exporting tags as labels
+   to) p4.
+
+Performance and Internal Implementation (please report possible regressions)
+
+ * Bash completion script (in contrib/) have been cleaned up to make
+   future work on it simpler.
+
+ * An experimental "version 4" format of the index file has been
+   introduced to reduce on-disk footprint and I/O overhead.
+
+ * "git archive" learned to produce its output without reading the
+   blob object it writes out in memory in its entirety.
+
+ * "git index-pack" that runs when fetching or pushing objects to
+   complete the packfile on the receiving end learned to use multiple
+   threads to do its job when available.
+
+ * The code to compute hash values for lines used by the internal diff
+   engine was optimized on little-endian machines, using the same
+   trick the kernel folks came up with.
+
+ * "git apply" had some memory leaks plugged.
+
+ * Setting up a revision traversal with many starting points was
+   inefficient as these were placed in a date-order priority queue
+   one-by-one.  Now they are collected in the queue unordered first,
+   and sorted immediately before getting used.
+
+ * More lower-level commands learned to use the streaming API to read
+   from the object store without keeping everything in core.
+
+ * The weighting parameters to suggestion command name typo have been
+   tweaked, so that "git tags" will suggest "tag?" and not "stage?".
+
+ * Because "sh" on the user's PATH may be utterly broken on some
+   systems, run-command API now uses SHELL_PATH, not /bin/sh, when
+   spawning an external command (not applicable to Windows port).
+
+ * The API to iterate over the refs/ hierarchy has been tweaked to
+   allow walking only a subset of it more efficiently.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.10
+-------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.7.10 in the maintenance
+releases are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * "git submodule init" used to report "registered for path ..."
+   even for submodules that were registered earlier.
+   (cherry-pick c1c259e jl/submodule-report-new-path-once later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff --stat" used to fully count a binary file with modified
+   execution bits whose contents is unmodified, which was not quite
+   right.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8f04af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,134 @@
+Git 1.7.12.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.12
+-------------------
+
+ * "git apply -p0" did not parse pathnames on "diff --git" line
+   correctly.  This caused patches that had pathnames in no other
+   places to be mistakenly rejected (most notably, binary patch that
+   does not rename nor change mode).  Textual patches, renames or mode
+   changes have preimage and postimage pathnames in different places
+   in a form that can be parsed unambiguously and did not suffer from
+   this problem.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick A C B" used to replay changes in A and then B and
+   then C if these three commits had committer timestamps in that
+   order, which is not what the user who said "A C B" naturally
+   expects.
+
+ * "git commit --amend" let the user edit the log message and then
+   died when the human-readable committer name was given
+   insufficiently by getpwent(3).
+
+ * Some capabilities were asked by fetch-pack even when upload-pack
+   did not advertise that they are available.  fetch-pack has been
+   fixed not to do so.
+
+ * "git diff" had a confusion between taking data from a path in the
+   working tree and taking data from an object that happens to have
+   name 0{40} recorded in a tree.
+
+ * "git for-each-ref" did not correctly support more than one --sort
+   option.
+
+ * "git log .." errored out saying it is both rev range and a path
+   when there is no disambiguating "--" is on the command line.
+   Update the command line parser to interpret ".." as a path in such
+   a case.
+
+ * The "--topo-order", "--date-order" (and the lack of either means
+   the default order) options to "rev-list" and "log" family of
+   commands were poorly described in the documentation.
+
+ * "git prune" without "-v" used to warn about leftover temporary
+   files (which is an indication of an earlier aborted operation).
+
+ * Pushing to smart HTTP server with recent Git fails without having
+   the username in the URL to force authentication, if the server is
+   configured to allow GET anonymously, while requiring authentication
+   for POST.
+
+ * The reflog entries left by "git rebase" and "git rebase -i" were
+   inconsistent (the interactive one gave an abbreviated object name).
+
+ * When "git push" triggered the automatic gc on the receiving end, a
+   message from "git prune" that said it was removing cruft leaked to
+   the standard output, breaking the communication protocol.
+
+ * "git show --quiet" ought to be a synonym for "git show -s", but
+   wasn't.
+
+ * "git show --format='%ci'" did not give timestamp correctly for
+   commits created without human readable name on "committer" line.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not unquote encoded words that appear on the
+   header correctly, and lost "_" from strings.
+
+ * The interactive prompt "git send-email" gives was error prone. It
+   asked "What e-mail address do you want to use?" with the address it
+   guessed (correctly) the user would want to use in its prompt,
+   tempting the user to say "y". But the response was taken as "No,
+   please use 'y' as the e-mail address instead", which is most
+   certainly not what the user meant.
+
+ * "gitweb" when used with PATH_INFO failed to notice directories with
+   SP (and other characters that need URL-style quoting) in them.
+
+ * When the user gives an argument that can be taken as both a
+   revision name and a pathname without disambiguating with "--", we
+   used to give a help message "Use '--' to separate".  The message
+   has been clarified to show where that '--' goes on the command
+   line.
+
+ * When the user exports a non-default IFS without HT, scripts that
+   rely on being able to parse "ls-files -s | while read a b c..."
+   started to fail.  Protect them from such a misconfiguration.
+
+ * The attribute system may be asked for a path that itself or its
+   leading directories no longer exists in the working tree, and it is
+   fine if we cannot open .gitattribute file in such a case.  Failure
+   to open per-directory .gitattributes with error status other than
+   ENOENT and ENOTDIR should be diagnosed, but it wasn't.
+
+ * After "gitk" showed the contents of a tag, neither "Reread
+   references" nor "Reload" did not update what is shown as the
+   contents of it, when the user overwrote the tag with "git tag -f".
+
+ * "ciabot" script (in contrib/) has been updated with extensive
+   documentation.
+
+ * "git-jump" script (in contrib/) did not work well when
+   diff.noprefix or diff.mnemonicprefix is in effect.
+
+ * Older parts of the documentation described as if having a regular
+   file in .git/refs/ hierarchy were the only way to have branches and
+   tags, which is not true for quite some time.
+
+ * A utility shell function test_seq has been added as a replacement
+   for the 'seq' utility found on some platforms.
+
+ * Compatibility wrapper to learn the maximum number of file
+   descriptors we can open around sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX) and
+   getrlimit(RLIMIT_NO_FILE) has been introduced for portability.
+
+ * We used curl_easy_strerror() without checking version of cURL,
+   breaking the build for versions before curl 7.12.0.
+
+ * Code to work around MacOS X UTF-8 gotcha has been cleaned up.
+
+ * Fallback 'getpass' implementation made unportable use of stdio API.
+
+ * The "--rebase" option to "git pull" can be abbreviated to "-r",
+   but we didn't document it.
+
+ * It was generally understood that "--long-option"s to many of our
+   subcommands can be abbreviated to the unique prefix, but it was not
+   easy to find it described for new readers of the documentation set.
+
+ * The synopsis said "checkout [-B branch]" to make it clear the
+   branch name is a parameter to the option, but the heading for the
+   option description was "-B::", not "-B branch::", making the
+   documentation misleading.
+
+Also contains numerous documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6925574
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+Git 1.7.12.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.12.1
+---------------------
+
+ * When "git am" is fed an input that has multiple "Content-type: ..."
+   header, it did not grok charset= attribute correctly.
+
+ * Even during a conflicted merge, "git blame $path" always meant to
+   blame uncommitted changes to the "working tree" version; make it
+   more useful by showing cleanly merged parts as coming from the other
+   branch that is being merged.
+
+ * "git blame MAKEFILE" run in a history that has "Makefile" but not
+   "MAKEFILE" should say "No such file MAKEFILE in HEAD", but got
+   confused on a case insensitive filesystem and failed to do so.
+
+ * "git fetch --all", when passed "--no-tags", did not honor the
+   "--no-tags" option while fetching from individual remotes (the same
+   issue existed with "--tags", but combination "--all --tags" makes
+   much less sense than "--all --no-tags").
+
+ * "git log/diff/format-patch --stat" showed the "N line(s) added"
+   comment in user's locale and caused careless submitters to send
+   patches with such a line in them to projects whose project language
+   is not their language, mildly irritating others. Localization to
+   the line has been disabled for now.
+
+ * "git log --all-match --grep=A --grep=B" ought to show commits that
+   mention both A and B, but when these three options are used with
+   --author or --committer, it showed commits that mention either A or
+   B (or both) instead.
+
+ * The subcommand to remove the definition of a remote in "git remote"
+   was named "rm" even though all other subcommands were spelled out.
+   Introduce "git remote remove" to remove confusion, and keep "rm" as
+   a backward compatible synonym.
+
+Also contains a handful of documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ecda427
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+Git 1.7.12.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.12.2
+---------------------
+
+ * "git am" mishandled a patch attached as application/octet-stream
+   (e.g. not text/*); Content-Transfer-Encoding (e.g. base64) was not
+   honored correctly.
+
+ * It was unclear in the documentation for "git blame" that it is
+   unnecessary for users to use the "--follow" option.
+
+ * A repository created with "git clone --single" had its fetch
+   refspecs set up just like a clone without "--single", leading the
+   subsequent "git fetch" to slurp all the other branches, defeating
+   the whole point of specifying "only this branch".
+
+ * "git fetch" over http had an old workaround for an unlikely server
+   misconfiguration; it turns out that this hurts debuggability of the
+   configuration in general, and has been reverted.
+
+ * "git fetch" over http advertised that it supports "deflate", which
+   is much less common, and did not advertise the more common "gzip" on
+   its Accept-Encoding header.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" (the counterpart to "git push") did not give
+   progress output while processing objects it received to the puser
+   when run over the smart-http protocol.
+
+ * "git status" honored the ignore=dirty settings in .gitmodules but
+   "git commit" didn't.
+
+Also contains a handful of documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c6da3cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git 1.7.12.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.12.3
+---------------------
+
+ * "git fetch" over the dumb-http revision walker could segfault when
+   curl's multi interface was used.
+
+ * It was possible to give specific paths for "asciidoc" and other
+   tools in the documentation toolchain, but not for "xmlto".
+
+ * "gitweb" did not give the correct committer timezone in its feed
+   output due to a typo.
+
+ * The "-Xours" (and similarly -Xtheirs) backend option to "git
+   merge -s recursive" was ignored for binary files.  Now it is
+   honored.
+
+ * The "binary" synthetic attribute made "diff" to treat the path as
+   binary, but not "merge".
+
+Also contains many documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..010d8c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.12.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+Git v1.7.12 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Updates since v1.7.11
+---------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Git can be told to normalize pathnames it read from readdir(3) and
+   all arguments it got from the command line into precomposed UTF-8
+   (assuming that they come as decomposed UTF-8), in order to work
+   around issues on Mac OS.
+
+   I think there still are other places that need conversion
+   (e.g. paths that are read from stdin for some commands), but this
+   should be a good first step in the right direction.
+
+ * Per-user $HOME/.gitconfig file can optionally be stored in
+   $HOME/.config/git/config instead, which is in line with XDG.
+
+ * The value of core.attributesfile and core.excludesfile default to
+   $HOME/.config/git/attributes and $HOME/.config/git/ignore respectively
+   when these files exist.
+
+ * Logic to disambiguate abbreviated object names have been taught to
+   take advantage of object types that are expected in the context,
+   e.g. XXXXXX in the "git describe" output v1.2.3-gXXXXXX must be a
+   commit object, not a blob nor a tree.  This will help us prolong
+   the lifetime of abbreviated object names.
+
+ * "git apply" learned to wiggle the base version and perform three-way
+   merge when a patch does not exactly apply to the version you have.
+
+ * Scripted Porcelain writers now have access to the credential API via
+   the "git credential" plumbing command.
+
+ * "git help" used to always default to "man" format even on platforms
+   where "man" viewer is not widely available.
+
+ * "git clone --local $path" started its life as an experiment to
+   optionally use link/copy when cloning a repository on the disk, but
+   we didn't deprecate it after we made the option a no-op to always
+   use the optimization.  The command learned "--no-local" option to
+   turn this off, as a more explicit alternative over use of file://
+   URL.
+
+ * "git fetch" and friends used to say "remote side hung up
+   unexpectedly" when they failed to get response they expect from the
+   other side, but one common reason why they don't get expected
+   response is that the remote repository does not exist or cannot be
+   read. The error message in this case was updated to give better
+   hints to the user.
+
+ * "git help -w $cmd" can show HTML version of documentation for
+   "git-$cmd" by setting help.htmlpath to somewhere other than the
+   default location where the build procedure installs them locally;
+   the variable can even point at a http:// URL.
+
+ * "git rebase [-i] --root $tip" can now be used to rewrite all the
+   history leading to "$tip" down to the root commit.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" learned "-x <cmd>" to insert "exec <cmd>" after
+   each commit in the resulting history.
+
+ * "git status" gives finer classification to various states of paths
+   in conflicted state and offer advice messages in its output.
+
+ * "git submodule" learned to deal with nested submodule structure
+   where a module is contained within a module whose origin is
+   specified as a relative URL to its superproject's origin.
+
+ * A rather heavy-ish "git completion" script has been split to create
+   a separate "git prompting" script, to help lazy-autoloading of the
+   completion part while making prompting part always available.
+
+ * "gitweb" pays attention to various forms of credits that are
+   similar to "Signed-off-by:" lines in the commit objects and
+   highlights them accordingly.
+
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "mediawiki" remote helper (in contrib/) learned to handle file
+   attachments.
+
+ * "git p4" now uses "Jobs:" and "p4 move" when appropriate.
+
+ * vcs-svn has been updated to clean-up compilation, lift 32-bit
+   limitations, etc.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc. (please report possible regressions)
+
+ * Some tests showed false failures caused by a bug in ecryptofs.
+
+ * We no longer use AsciiDoc7 syntax in our documentation and favor a
+   more modern style.
+
+ * "git am --rebasing" codepath was taught to grab authorship, log
+   message and the patch text directly out of existing commits.  This
+   will help rebasing commits that have confusing "diff" output in
+   their log messages.
+
+ * "git index-pack" and "git pack-objects" use streaming API to read
+   from the object store to avoid having to hold a large blob object
+   in-core while they are doing their thing.
+
+ * Code to match paths with exclude patterns learned to avoid calling
+   fnmatch() by comparing fixed leading substring literally when
+   possible.
+
+ * "git log -n 1 -- rarely-touched-path" was spending unnecessary
+   cycles after showing the first change to find the next one, only to
+   discard it.
+
+ * "git svn" got a large-looking code reorganization at the last
+   minute before the code freeze.
+
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.11
+-------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.7.11 in the maintenance
+releases are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * "git submodule add" was confused when the superproject did not have
+   its repository in its usual place in the working tree and GIT_DIR
+   and GIT_WORK_TREE was used to access it.
+
+ * "git commit --amend" let the user edit the log message and then died
+   when the human-readable committer name was given insufficiently by
+   getpwent(3).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6713132
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+Git v1.7.6.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.6.4
+--------------------
+
+ * The date parser did not accept timezone designators that lack minutes
+   part and also has a colon between "hh:mm".
+
+ * After fetching from a remote that has very long refname, the reporting
+   output could have corrupted by overrunning a static buffer.
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not use its arguments as pathspec, but as a path to
+   the file that may not even have any conflict.
+
+ * "git name-rev --all" tried to name all _objects_, naturally failing to
+   describe many blobs and trees, instead of showing only commits as
+   advertised in its documentation.
+
+ * "git remote rename $a $b" were not careful to match the remote name
+   against $a (i.e. source side of the remote nickname).
+
+ * "gitweb" used to produce a non-working link while showing the contents
+   of a blob, when JavaScript actions are enabled.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5343e00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Git v1.7.6.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.6.5
+--------------------
+
+ * The code to look up attributes for paths reused entries from a wrong
+   directory when two paths in question are in adjacent directories and
+   the name of the one directory is a prefix of the other.
+
+ * When producing a "thin pack" (primarily used in bundles and smart
+   HTTP transfers) out of a fully packed repository, we unnecessarily
+   avoided sending recent objects as a delta against objects we know
+   the other side has.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt
index 02d7c02..ac9b838 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt
@@ -4,6 +4,27 @@
 Fixes since v1.7.7
 ------------------
 
+ * On some BSD systems, adding +s bit on directories is detrimental
+   (it is not necessary on BSD to begin with). "git init --shared"
+   has been updated to take this into account without extra makefile
+   settings on platforms the Makefile knows about.
+
+ * After incorrectly written third-party tools store a tag object in
+   HEAD, git diagnosed it as a repository corruption and refused to
+   proceed in order to avoid spreading the damage. We now gracefully
+   recover from such a situation by pretending as if the commit that
+   is pointed at by the tag were in HEAD.
+
+ * "git apply --whitespace=error" did not bother to report the exact
+   line number in the patch that introduced new blank lines at the end
+   of the file.
+
+ * "git apply --index" did not check corrupted patch.
+
+ * "git checkout $tree $directory/" resurrected paths locally removed or
+   modified only in the working tree in $directory/ that did not appear
+   in $directory of the given $tree. They should have been kept intact.
+
  * "git diff $tree $path" used to apply the pathspec at the output stage,
    reading the whole tree, wasting resources.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6bbef2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+Git v1.7.7.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.1
+--------------------
+
+ * We used to drop error messages from libcurl on certain kinds of
+   errors.
+
+ * Error report from smart HTTP transport, when the connection was
+   broken in the middle of a transfer, showed a useless message on
+   a corrupt packet.
+
+ * "git fetch --prune" was unsafe when used with refspecs from the
+   command line.
+
+ * The attribute mechanism did not use case insensitive match when
+   core.ignorecase was set.
+
+ * "git bisect" did not notice when it failed to update the working tree
+   to the next commit to be tested.
+
+ * "git config --bool --get-regexp" failed to separate the variable name
+   and its value "true" when the variable is defined without "= true".
+
+ * "git remote rename $a $b" were not careful to match the remote name
+   against $a (i.e. source side of the remote nickname).
+
+ * "git mergetool" did not use its arguments as pathspec, but as a path to
+   the file that may not even have any conflict.
+
+ * "git diff --[num]stat" used to use the number of lines of context
+   different from the default, potentially giving different results from
+   "git diff | diffstat" and confusing the users.
+
+ * "git pull" and "git rebase" did not work well even when GIT_WORK_TREE is
+   set correctly with GIT_DIR if the current directory is outside the working
+   tree.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not honor the configured hostname when restarting
+   the HELO/EHLO exchange after switching TLS on.
+
+ * "gitweb" used to produce a non-working link while showing the contents
+   of a blob, when JavaScript actions are enabled.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..09301f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Git v1.7.7.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.2
+--------------------
+
+ * Adjust the "quick-install-doc" procedures as preformatted
+   html/manpage are no longer in the source repository.
+
+ * The logic to optimize the locality of the data in a pack introduced in
+   1.7.7 was grossly inefficient.
+
+ * The logic to filter out forked projects in the project list in
+   "gitweb" was broken for some time.
+
+ * "git branch -m/-M" advertised to update RENAME_REF ref in the
+   commit log message that introduced the feature but not anywhere in
+   the documentation, and never did update such a ref anyway. This
+   undocumented misfeature that did not exist has been excised.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e523448
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Git v1.7.7.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.3
+--------------------
+
+ * A few header dependencies were missing from the Makefile.
+
+ * Some newer parts of the code used C99 __VA_ARGS__ while we still
+   try to cater to older compilers.
+
+ * "git name-rev --all" tried to name all _objects_, naturally failing to
+   describe many blobs and trees, instead of showing only commits as
+   advertised in its documentation.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7b09319
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Git v1.7.7.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.4
+--------------------
+
+ * After fetching from a remote that has very long refname, the reporting
+   output could have corrupted by overrunning a static buffer.
+
+ * "git checkout" and "git merge" treated in-tree .gitignore and exclude
+   file in $GIT_DIR/info/ directory inconsistently when deciding which
+   untracked files are ignored and expendable.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8df606d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+Git v1.7.7.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.5
+--------------------
+
+ * The code to look up attributes for paths reused entries from a wrong
+   directory when two paths in question are in adjacent directories and
+   the name of the one directory is a prefix of the other.
+
+ * A wildcard that matches deeper hierarchy given to the "diff-index" command,
+   e.g. "git diff-index HEAD -- '*.txt'", incorrectly reported additions of
+   matching files even when there is no change.
+
+ * When producing a "thin pack" (primarily used in bundles and smart
+   HTTP transfers) out of a fully packed repository, we unnecessarily
+   avoided sending recent objects as a delta against objects we know
+   the other side has.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e79118d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Git v1.7.7.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.7.6
+--------------------
+
+ * An error message from 'git bundle' had an unmatched single quote pair in it.
+
+ * 'git diff --histogram' option was not described.
+
+ * 'git imap-send' carried an unused dead code.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..33dc948
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+Git v1.7.8.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8
+------------------
+
+ * In some codepaths (notably, checkout and merge), the ignore patterns
+   recorded in $GIT_DIR/info/exclude were not honored. They now are.
+
+ * "git apply --check" did not error out when given an empty input
+   without any patch.
+
+ * "git archive" mistakenly allowed remote clients to ask for commits
+   that are not at the tip of any ref.
+
+ * "git checkout" and "git merge" treated in-tree .gitignore and exclude
+   file in $GIT_DIR/info/ directory inconsistently when deciding which
+   untracked files are ignored and expendable.
+
+ * LF-to-CRLF streaming filter used when checking out a large-ish blob
+   fell into an infinite loop with a rare input.
+
+ * The function header pattern for files with "diff=cpp" attribute did
+   not consider "type *funcname(type param1,..." as the beginning of a
+   function.
+
+ * The error message from "git diff" and "git status" when they fail
+   to inspect changes in submodules did not report which submodule they
+   had trouble with.
+
+ * After fetching from a remote that has very long refname, the reporting
+   output could have corrupted by overrunning a static buffer.
+
+ * "git pack-objects" avoids creating cyclic dependencies among deltas
+   when seeing a broken packfile that records the same object in both
+   the deflated form and as a delta.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e74f4ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+Git v1.7.8.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Porcelain commands like "git reset" did not distinguish deletions
+   and type-changes from ordinary modification, and reported them with
+   the same 'M' moniker. They now use 'D' (for deletion) and 'T' (for
+   type-change) to match "git status -s" and "git diff --name-status".
+
+ * The configuration file parser used for sizes (e.g. bigFileThreshold)
+   did not correctly interpret 'g' suffix.
+
+ * The replacement implemention for snprintf used on platforms with
+   native snprintf that is broken did not use va_copy correctly.
+
+ * LF-to-CRLF streaming filter replaced all LF with CRLF, which might
+   be techinically correct but not friendly to people who are trying
+   to recover from earlier mistakes of using CRLF in the repository
+   data in the first place. It now refrains from doing so for LF that
+   follows a CR.
+
+ * git native connection going over TCP (not over SSH) did not set
+   SO_KEEPALIVE option which failed to receive link layer errors.
+
+ * "git branch -m <current branch> HEAD" is an obvious no-op but was not
+   allowed.
+
+ * "git checkout -m" did not recreate the conflicted state in a "both
+   sides added, without any common ancestor version" conflict
+   situation.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick $commit" (not a range) created an unnecessary
+   sequencer state and interfered with valid workflow to use the
+   command during a session to cherry-pick multiple commits.
+
+ * You could make "git commit" segfault by giving the "--no-message"
+   option.
+
+ * "fast-import" did not correctly update an existing notes tree,
+   possibly corrupting the fan-out.
+
+ * "git fetch-pack" accepted unqualified refs that do not begin with
+   refs/ by mistake and compensated it by matching the refspec with
+   tail-match, which was doubly wrong. This broke fetching from a
+   repository with a funny named ref "refs/foo/refs/heads/master" and a
+   'master' branch with "git fetch-pack refs/heads/master", as the
+   command incorrectly considered the former a "match".
+
+ * "git log --follow" did not honor the rename threshold score given
+   with the -M option (e.g. "-M50%").
+
+ * "git mv" gave suboptimal error/warning messages when it overwrites
+   target files. It also did not pay attention to "-v" option.
+
+ * Authenticated "git push" over dumb HTTP were broken with a recent
+   change and failed without asking for password when username is
+   given.
+
+ * "git push" to an empty repository over HTTP were broken with a
+   recent change to the ref handling.
+
+ * "git push -v" forgot how to be verbose by mistake. It now properly
+   becomes verbose when asked to.
+
+ * When a "reword" action in "git rebase -i" failed to run "commit --amend",
+   we did not give the control back to the user to resolve the situation, and
+   instead kept the original commit log message.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a92714c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+Git v1.7.8.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8.2
+--------------------
+
+ * Attempt to fetch from an empty file pretending it to be a bundle did
+   not error out correctly.
+
+ * gitweb did not correctly fall back to configured $fallback_encoding
+   that is not 'latin1'.
+
+ * "git clone --depth $n" did not catch a non-number given as $n as an
+   error.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bebdbf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git v1.7.8.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8.3
+--------------------
+
+ * The code to look up attributes for paths reused entries from a wrong
+   directory when two paths in question are in adjacent directories and
+   the name of the one directory is a prefix of the other.
+
+ * A wildcard that matches deeper hierarchy given to the "diff-index" command,
+   e.g. "git diff-index HEAD -- '*.txt'", incorrectly reported additions of
+   matching files even when there is no change.
+
+ * When producing a "thin pack" (primarily used in bundles and smart
+   HTTP transfers) out of a fully packed repository, we unnecessarily
+   avoided sending recent objects as a delta against objects we know
+   the other side has.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not properly treat sendemail.multiedit as a
+   boolean (e.g. setting it to "false" did not turn it off).
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..011fd2a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+Git v1.7.8.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8.4
+--------------------
+
+ * Dependency on our thread-utils.h header file was missing for
+   objects that depend on it in the Makefile.
+
+ * "git am" when fed an empty file did not correctly finish reading it
+   when it attempts to guess the input format.
+
+ * "git grep -P" (when PCRE is enabled in the build) did not match the
+   beginning and the end of the line correctly with ^ and $.
+
+ * "git rebase -m" tried to run "git notes copy" needlessly when
+   nothing was rewritten.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d9bf2b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+Git v1.7.8.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8.5
+--------------------
+
+ * An error message from 'git bundle' had an unmatched single quote pair in it.
+
+ * 'git diff --histogram' option was not described.
+
+ * Documentation for 'git rev-list' had minor formatting errors.
+
+ * 'git imap-send' carried an unused dead code.
+
+ * The way 'git fetch' implemented its connectivity check over
+   received objects was overly pessimistic, and wasted a lot of
+   cycles.
+
+ * Various minor backports of fixes from the 'master' and the 'maint'
+   branch.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.txt
index 0576c36..b4d90bb 100644
--- a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.txt
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.txt
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-Git v1.7.8 Release Notes (draft)
-================================
+Git v1.7.8 Release Notes
+========================
 
 Updates since v1.7.7
 --------------------
 
- * Some git-svn and git-gui updates.
+ * Some git-svn, git-gui, git-p4 (in contrib) and msysgit updates.
 
  * Updates to bash completion scripts.
 
@@ -14,10 +14,6 @@
  * The date parser now accepts timezone designators that lack minutes
    part and also has a colon between "hh:mm".
 
- * On some BSD systems, adding +s bit on directories is detrimental
-   (it is not necessary on BSD to begin with). The installation
-   procedure has been updated to take this into account.
-
  * The contents of the /etc/mailname file, if exists, is used as the
    default value of the hostname part of the committer/author e-mail.
 
@@ -33,13 +29,22 @@
    files from the index, not from the working tree.
 
  * Variants of "git cherry-pick" and "git revert" that take multiple
-   commits learned to "--continue".
+   commits learned to "--continue" and "--abort".
+
+ * "git daemon" gives more human readble error messages to clients
+   using ERR packets when appropriate.
 
  * Errors at the network layer is logged by "git daemon".
 
  * "git diff" learned "--minimal" option to spend extra cycles to come
    up with a minimal patch output.
 
+ * "git diff" learned "--function-context" option to show the whole
+   function as context that was affected by a change.
+
+ * "git difftool" can be told to skip launching the tool for a path by
+   answering 'n' to its prompt.
+
  * "git fetch" learned to honor transfer.fsckobjects configuration to
    validate the objects that were received from the other end, just like
    "git receive-pack" (the receiving end of "git push") does.
@@ -49,6 +54,10 @@
    "git receive-pack" (the receiving end of "git push") learned to do the
    same.
 
+ * "git fetch" learned that fetching/cloning from a regular file on the
+   filesystem is not necessarily a request to unpack a bundle file; the
+   file could be ".git" with "gitdir: <path>" in it.
+
  * "git for-each-ref" learned "%(contents:subject)", "%(contents:body)"
    and "%(contents:signature)". The last one is useful for signed tags.
 
@@ -63,8 +72,22 @@
     files in the working tree, so that matches in new but not yet
     added files do not get missed.
 
+ * The recursive merge backend no longer looks for meaningless
+   existing merges in submodules unless in the outermost merge.
+
+ * "git log" and friends learned "--children" option.
+
  * "git ls-remote" learned to respond to "-h"(elp) requests.
 
+ * "mediawiki" remote helper can interact with (surprise!) MediaWiki
+   with "git fetch" & "git push".
+
+ * "git merge" learned the "--edit" option to allow users to edit the
+   merge commit log message.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" can be told to use special purpose editor suitable
+   only for its insn sheet via sequence.editor configuration variable.
+
  * "git send-email" learned to respond to "-h"(elp) requests.
 
  * "git send-email" allows the value given to sendemail.aliasfile to begin
@@ -76,6 +99,9 @@
  * "git stash" learned "--include-untracked" option to stash away
    untracked/ignored cruft from the working tree.
 
+ * "git submodule clone" does not leak an error message to the UI
+   level unnecessarily anymore.
+
  * "git submodule update" learned to honor "none" as the value for
    submodule.<name>.update to specify that the named submodule should
    not be checked out by default.
@@ -87,12 +113,14 @@
    between commits in the superproject that has and does not have the
    submodule in the tree without re-cloning.
 
- * "mediawiki" remote helper can interact with (surprise!) MediaWiki
-   with "git fetch" & "git push".
-
  * "gitweb" leaked unescaped control characters from syntax hiliter
    outputs.
 
+ * "gitweb" can be told to give custom string at the end of the HTML
+   HEAD element.
+
+ * "gitweb" now has its own manual pages.
+
 
 Also contains other documentation updates and minor code cleanups.
 
@@ -103,90 +131,31 @@
 Unless otherwise noted, all fixes in the 1.7.7.X maintenance track are
 included in this release.
 
- * We used to drop error messages from libcurl on certain kinds of
-   errors.
-   (merge be22d92eac8 jn/maint-http-error-message later to maint).
-
- * Error report from smart HTTP transport, when the connection was
-   broken in the middle of a transfer, showed a useless message on
-   a corrupt packet.
-   (merge 6cdf022 sp/smart-http-failure later to maint).
-
  * HTTP transport did not use pushurl correctly, and also did not tell
    what host it is trying to authenticate with when asking for
    credentials.
    (merge deba493 jk/http-auth later to maint).
 
+ * "git blame" was aborted if started from an uncommitted content and
+   the path had the textconv filter in effect.
+   (merge 8518088 ss/blame-textconv-fake-working-tree later to maint).
+
  * Adding many refs to the local repository in one go (e.g. "git fetch"
    that fetches many tags) and looking up a ref by name in a repository
    with too many refs were unnecessarily slow.
    (merge 17d68a54d jp/get-ref-dir-unsorted later to maint).
 
- * After incorrectly written third-party tools store a tag object in
-   HEAD, git diagnosed it as a repository corruption and refused to
-   proceed in order to avoid spreading the damage. We now gracefully
-   recover from such a situation by pretending as if the commit that
-   is pointed at by the tag were in HEAD.
-   (merge baf18fc nd/maint-autofix-tag-in-head later to maint).
-
  * Report from "git commit" on untracked files was confused under
    core.ignorecase option.
-   (merge 2548183b jk/name-hash-dirent later to maint).
-
- * The attribute mechanism did not use case insensitive match when
-   core.ignorecase was set.
-   (merge 6eba621 bc/attr-ignore-case later to maint).
-
- * "git apply --whitespace=error" did not bother to report the exact
-   line number in the patch that introduced new blank lines at the end
-   of the file.
-   (merge 8557263 jc/apply-blank-at-eof-fix later to maint).
-
- * "git bisect" did not notice when it failed to update the working tree
-   to the next commit to be tested.
-   (merge 1acf11717 js/bisect-no-checkout later to maint).
-
- * "git checkout $tree $directory/" resurrected paths locally removed or
-   modified only in the working tree in $directory/ that did not appear
-   in $directory of the given $tree. They should have been kept intact.
-   (merge 0a1283b jc/checkout-from-tree-keep-local-changes later to maint).
-
- * "git config --bool --get-regexp" failed to separate the variable name
-   and its value "true" when the variable is defined without "= true".
-   (merge 880e3cc mm/maint-config-explicit-bool-display later to maint).
-
- * "git remote rename $a $b" were not careful to match the remote name
-   against $a (i.e. source side of the remote nickname).
-   (merge b52d00aed mz/remote-rename later to maint).
-
- * "git diff --[num]stat" used to use the number of lines of context
-   different from the default, potentially giving different results from
-   "git diff | diffstat" and confusing the users.
-   (merge f01cae918 jc/maint-diffstat-numstat-context later to maint).
+   (merge 395c7356 jk/name-hash-dirent later to maint).
 
  * "git merge" did not understand ":/<pattern>" as a way to name a commit.
 
- * "git mergetool" learned to use its arguments as pathspec, not a path to
-   the file that may not even have any conflict.
-   (merge 6d9990a jm/mergetool-pathspec later to maint).
-
- * "git pull" and "git rebase" did not work well even when GIT_WORK_TREE is
-   set correctly with GIT_DIR if the current directory is outside the working
-   tree.
-   (merge 035b5bf jk/pull-rebase-with-work-tree later to maint).
-
  " "git push" on the receiving end used to call post-receive and post-update
    hooks for attempted removal of non-existing refs.
    (merge 160b81ed ph/push-to-delete-nothing later to maint).
 
- * "gitweb" used to produce a non-working link while showing the contents
-   of a blob, when JavaScript actions are enabled.
-   (merge 2b07ff3ff ps/gitweb-js-with-lineno later to maint).
-
----
-exec >/var/tmp/1
-O=v1.7.7-368-g9638384
-echo O=$(git describe --always master)
-git log --first-parent --oneline --reverse ^$O master
-echo
-git shortlog --no-merges ^$O master
+ * Help text for "git remote set-url" and "git remote set-branches"
+   were misspelled.
+   (merge c49904e fc/remote-seturl-usage-fix later to maint).
+   (merge 656cdf0 jc/remote-setbranches-usage-fix later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6957183
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+Git v1.7.9.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9
+------------------
+
+ * The makefile allowed environment variable X seep into it result in
+   command names suffixed with unnecessary strings.
+
+ * The set of included header files in compat/inet-{ntop,pton}
+   wrappers was updated for Windows some time ago, but in a way that
+   broke Solaris build.
+
+ * rpmbuild noticed an unpackaged but installed *.mo file and failed.
+
+ * Subprocesses spawned from various git programs were often left running
+   to completion even when the top-level process was killed.
+
+ * "git add -e" learned not to show a diff for an otherwise unmodified
+   submodule that only has uncommitted local changes in the patch
+   prepared by for the user to edit.
+
+ * Typo in "git branch --edit-description my-tpoic" was not diagnosed.
+
+ * Using "git grep -l/-L" together with options -W or --break may not
+   make much sense as the output is to only count the number of hits
+   and there is no place for file breaks, but the latter options made
+   "-l/-L" to miscount the hits.
+
+ * "git log --first-parent $pathspec" did not stay on the first parent
+   chain and veered into side branch from which the whole change to the
+   specified paths came.
+
+ * "git merge --no-edit $tag" failed to honor the --no-edit option.
+
+ * "git merge --ff-only $tag" failed because it cannot record the
+   required mergetag without creating a merge, but this is so common
+   operation for branch that is used _only_ to follow the upstream, so
+   it was changed to allow fast-forwarding without recording the mergetag.
+
+ * "git mergetool" now gives an empty file as the common base version
+   to the backend when dealing with the "both sides added, differently"
+   case.
+
+ * "git push -q" was not sufficiently quiet.
+
+ * When "git push" fails to update any refs, the client side did not
+   report an error correctly to the end user.
+
+ * "rebase" and "commit --amend" failed to work on commits with ancient
+   timestamps near year 1970.
+
+ * When asking for a tag to be pulled, "request-pull" did not show the
+   name of the tag prefixed with "tags/", which would have helped older
+   clients.
+
+ * "git submodule add $path" forgot to recompute the name to be stored
+   in .gitmodules when the submodule at $path was once added to the
+   superproject and already initialized.
+
+ * Many small corner case bugs on "git tag -n" was corrected.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e500da7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+Git v1.7.9.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Bash completion script (in contrib/) did not like a pattern that
+   begins with a dash to be passed to __git_ps1 helper function.
+
+ * Adaptation of the bash completion script (in contrib/) for zsh
+   incorrectly listed all subcommands when "git <TAB><TAB>" was given
+   to ask for list of porcelain subcommands.
+
+ * The build procedure for profile-directed optimized binary was not
+   working very well.
+
+ * Some systems need to explicitly link -lcharset to get locale_charset().
+
+ * t5541 ignored user-supplied port number used for HTTP server testing.
+
+ * The error message emitted when we see an empty loose object was
+   not phrased correctly.
+
+ * The code to ask for password did not fall back to the terminal
+   input when GIT_ASKPASS is set but does not work (e.g. lack of X
+   with GUI askpass helper).
+
+ * We failed to give the true terminal width to any subcommand when
+   they are invoked with the pager, i.e. "git -p cmd".
+
+ * map_user() was not rewriting its output correctly, which resulted
+   in the user visible symptom that "git blame -e" sometimes showed
+   excess '>' at the end of email addresses.
+
+ * "git checkout -b" did not allow switching out of an unborn branch.
+
+ * When you have both .../foo and .../foo.git, "git clone .../foo" did not
+   favor the former but the latter.
+
+ * "git commit" refused to create a commit when entries added with
+   "add -N" remained in the index, without telling Git what their content
+   in the next commit should be. We should have created the commit without
+   these paths.
+
+ * "git diff --stat" said "files", "insertions", and "deletions" even
+   when it is showing one "file", one "insertion" or one "deletion".
+
+ * The output from "git diff --stat" for two paths that have the same
+   amount of changes showed graph bars of different length due to the
+   way we handled rounding errors.
+
+ * "git grep" did not pay attention to -diff (hence -binary) attribute.
+
+ * The transport programs (fetch, push, clone)ignored --no-progress
+   and showed progress when sending their output to a terminal.
+
+ * Sometimes error status detected by a check in an earlier phase of
+   "git receive-pack" (the other end of "git push") was lost by later
+   checks, resulting in false indication of success.
+
+ * "git rev-list --verify" sometimes skipped verification depending on
+   the phase of the moon, which dates back to 1.7.8.x series.
+
+ * Search box in "gitweb" did not accept non-ASCII characters correctly.
+
+ * Search interface of "gitweb" did not show multiple matches in the same file
+   correctly.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91c6501
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+Git v1.7.9.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git p4" (in contrib/) submit the changes to a wrong place when the
+   "--use-client-spec" option is set.
+
+ * The config.mak.autogen generated by optional autoconf support tried
+   to link the binary with -lintl even when libintl.h is missing from
+   the system.
+
+ * When the filter driver exits before reading the content before the
+   main git process writes the contents to be filtered to the pipe to
+   it, the latter could be killed with SIGPIPE instead of ignoring
+   such an event as an error.
+
+ * "git add --refresh <pathspec>" used to warn about unmerged paths
+   outside the given pathspec.
+
+ * The bulk check-in codepath in "git add" streamed contents that
+   needs smudge/clean filters without running them, instead of punting
+   and delegating to the codepath to run filters after slurping
+   everything to core.
+
+ * "git branch --with $that" assumed incorrectly that the user will never
+   ask the question with nonsense value in $that.
+
+ * "git bundle create" produced a corrupt bundle file upon seeing
+   commits with excessively long subject line.
+
+ * When a remote helper exits before reading the blank line from the
+   main git process to signal the end of commands, the latter could be
+   killed with SIGPIPE. Instead we should ignore such event as a
+   non-error.
+
+ * The commit log template given with "git merge --edit" did not have
+   a short instructive text like what "git commit" gives.
+
+ * "git rev-list --verify-objects -q" omitted the extra verification
+   it needs to do over "git rev-list --objects -q" by mistake.
+
+ * "gitweb" used to drop warnings in the log file when "heads" view is
+   accessed in a repository whose HEAD does not point at a valid
+   branch.
+
+ * An invalid regular expression pattern given by an end user made
+   "gitweb" to return garbled response.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5217a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+Git v1.7.9.4 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.3
+--------------------
+
+ * The code to synthesize the fake ancestor tree used by 3-way merge
+   fallback in "git am" was not prepared to read a patch created with
+   a non-standard -p<num> value.
+
+ * "git bundle" did not record boundary commits correctly when there
+   are many of them.
+
+ * "git diff-index" and its friends at the plumbing level showed the
+   "diff --git" header and nothing else for a path whose cached stat
+   info is dirty without actual difference when asked to produce a
+   patch. This was a longstanding bug that we could have fixed long
+   time ago.
+
+ * "gitweb" did use quotemeta() to prepare search string when asked to
+   do a fixed-string project search, but did not use it by mistake and
+   used the user-supplied string instead.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95cc2bb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+Git v1.7.9.5 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.4
+--------------------
+
+ * When "git config" diagnoses an error in a configuration file and
+   shows the line number for the offending line, it miscounted if the
+   error was at the end of line.
+
+ * "git fast-import" accepted "ls" command with an empty path by
+   mistake.
+
+ * Various new-ish output decoration modes of "git grep" were not
+   documented in the manual's synopsis section.
+
+ * The "remaining" subcommand to "git rerere" was not documented.
+
+ * "gitweb" used to drop warnings in the log file when "heads" view is
+   accessed in a repository whose HEAD does not point at a valid
+   branch.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74bf882
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+Git v1.7.9.6 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.5
+--------------------
+
+ * "git merge $tag" to merge an annotated tag always opens the editor
+   during an interactive edit session. v1.7.10 series introduced an
+   environment variable GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT to help older scripts decline
+   this behaviour, but the maintenance track should also support it.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..59667d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Git v1.7.9.7 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.7.9.6
+--------------------
+
+ * An error message from 'git bundle' had an unmatched single quote pair in it.
+
+ * The way 'git fetch' implemented its connectivity check over
+   received objects was overly pessimistic, and wasted a lot of
+   cycles.
+
+Also contains minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..95320aa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.9.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+Git v1.7.9 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Updates since v1.7.8
+--------------------
+
+ * gitk updates accumulated since early 2011.
+
+ * git-gui updated to 0.16.0.
+
+ * git-p4 (in contrib/) updates.
+
+ * Git uses gettext to translate its most common interface messages
+   into the user's language if translations are available and the
+   locale is appropriately set. Distributors can drop new PO files
+   in po/ to add new translations.
+
+ * The code to handle username/password for HTTP transactions used in
+   "git push" & "git fetch" learned to talk "credential API" to
+   external programs to cache or store them, to allow integration with
+   platform native keychain mechanisms.
+
+ * The input prompts in the terminal use our own getpass() replacement
+   when possible. HTTP transactions used to ask for the username without
+   echoing back what was typed, but with this change you will see it as
+   you type.
+
+ * The internals of "revert/cherry-pick" have been tweaked to prepare
+   building more generic "sequencer" on top of the implementation that
+   drives them.
+
+ * "git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD" after "git fetch" without specifying
+   what to fetch from the command line will now show the commit that
+   would be merged if the command were "git pull".
+
+ * "git add" learned to stream large files directly into a packfile
+   instead of writing them into individual loose object files.
+
+ * "git checkout -B <current branch> <elsewhere>" is a more intuitive
+   way to spell "git reset --keep <elsewhere>".
+
+ * "git checkout" and "git merge" learned "--no-overwrite-ignore" option
+   to tell Git that untracked and ignored files are not expendable.
+
+ * "git commit --amend" learned "--no-edit" option to say that the
+   user is amending the tree being recorded, without updating the
+   commit log message.
+
+ * "git commit" and "git reset" re-learned the optimization to prime
+   the cache-tree information in the index, which makes it faster to
+   write a tree object out after the index entries are updated.
+
+ * "git commit" detects and rejects an attempt to stuff NUL byte in
+   the commit log message.
+
+ * "git commit" learned "-S" to GPG-sign the commit; this can be shown
+   with the "--show-signature" option to "git log".
+
+ * fsck and prune are relatively lengthy operations that still go
+   silent while making the end-user wait. They learned to give progress
+   output like other slow operations.
+
+ * The set of built-in function-header patterns for various languages
+   knows MATLAB.
+
+ * "git log --format='<format>'" learned new %g[nNeE] specifiers to
+   show information from the reflog entries when walking the reflog
+   (i.e. with "-g").
+
+ * "git pull" can be used to fetch and merge an annotated/signed tag,
+   instead of the tip of a topic branch. The GPG signature from the
+   signed tag is recorded in the resulting merge commit for later
+   auditing.
+
+ * "git log" learned "--show-signature" option to show the signed tag
+   that was merged that is embedded in the merge commit. It also can
+   show the signature made on the commit with "git commit -S".
+
+ * "git branch --edit-description" can be used to add descriptive text
+   to explain what a topic branch is about.
+
+ * "git fmt-merge-msg" learned to take the branch description into
+   account when preparing a merge summary that "git merge" records
+   when merging a local branch.
+
+ * "git request-pull" has been updated to convey more information
+   useful for integrators to decide if a topic is worth merging and
+   what is pulled is indeed what the requestor asked to pull,
+   including:
+
+   - the tip of the branch being requested to be merged;
+   - the branch description describing what the topic is about;
+   - the contents of the annotated tag, when requesting to pull a tag.
+
+ * "git pull" learned to notice 'pull.rebase' configuration variable,
+   which serves as a global fallback for setting 'branch.<name>.rebase'
+   configuration variable per branch.
+
+ * "git tag" learned "--cleanup" option to control how the whitespaces
+   and empty lines in tag message are cleaned up.
+
+ * "gitweb" learned to show side-by-side diff.
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.8
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.7.8 in the maintenance
+releases are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1f372fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+Git v1.8.0.1 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.0
+------------------
+
+ * The configuration parser had an unnecessary hardcoded limit on
+   variable names that was not checked consistently.
+
+ * The "say" function in the test scaffolding incorrectly allowed
+   "echo" to interpret "\a" as if it were a C-string asking for a
+   BEL output.
+
+ * "git mergetool" feeds /dev/null as a common ancestor when dealing
+   with an add/add conflict, but p4merge backend cannot handle
+   it. Work it around by passing a temporary empty file.
+
+ * "git log -F -E --grep='<ere>'" failed to use the given <ere>
+   pattern as extended regular expression, and instead looked for the
+   string literally.
+
+ * "git grep -e pattern <tree>" asked the attribute system to read
+   "<tree>:.gitattributes" file in the working tree, which was
+   nonsense.
+
+ * A symbolic ref refs/heads/SYM was not correctly removed with "git
+   branch -d SYM"; the command removed the ref pointed by SYM
+   instead.
+
+ * Earlier we fixed documentation to hyphenate "remote-tracking branch"
+   to clarify that these are not a remote entity, but unhyphenated
+   spelling snuck in to a few places since then.
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" run while the HEAD is detached tried to find
+   the upstream branch of the detached HEAD (which by definition
+   does not exist) and emitted unnecessary error messages.
+
+ * The refs/replace hierarchy was not mentioned in the
+   repository-layout docs.
+
+ * Sometimes curl_multi_timeout() function suggested a wrong timeout
+   value when there is no file descriptors to wait on and the http
+   transport ended up sleeping for minutes in select(2) system call.
+   A workaround has been added for this.
+
+ * Various rfc2047 quoting issues around a non-ASCII name on the
+   From: line in the output from format-patch have been corrected.
+
+ * "git diff -G<pattern>" did not honor textconv filter when looking
+   for changes.
+
+ * Bash completion script (in contrib/) did not correctly complete a
+   lazy "git checkout $name_of_remote_tracking_branch_that_is_unique"
+   command line.
+
+ * RSS feed from "gitweb" had a xss hole in its title output.
+
+ * "git config --path $key" segfaulted on "[section] key" (a boolean
+   "true" spelled without "=", not "[section] key = true").
+
+ * "git checkout -b foo" while on an unborn branch did not say
+   "Switched to a new branch 'foo'" like other cases.
+
+Also contains other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8497e05
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+Git v1.8.0.2 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.0.1
+--------------------
+
+ * Various codepaths have workaround for a common misconfiguration to
+   spell "UTF-8" as "utf8", but it was not used uniformly.  Most
+   notably, mailinfo (which is used by "git am") lacked this support.
+
+ * We failed to mention a file without any content change but whose
+   permission bit was modified, or (worse yet) a new file without any
+   content in the "git diff --stat" output.
+
+ * When "--stat-count" hides a diffstat for binary contents, the total
+   number of added and removed lines at the bottom was computed
+   incorrectly.
+
+ * When "--stat-count" hides a diffstat for unmerged paths, the total
+   number of affected files at the bottom of the "diff --stat" output
+   was computed incorrectly.
+
+ * "diff --shortstat" miscounted the total number of affected files
+   when there were unmerged paths.
+
+ * "git p4" used to try expanding malformed "$keyword$" that spans
+   across multiple lines.
+
+ * "git update-ref -d --deref SYM" to delete a ref through a symbolic
+   ref that points to it did not remove it correctly.
+
+ * Syntax highlighting in "gitweb" was not quite working.
+
+Also contains other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92b1e4b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+Git v1.8.0.3 Release Notes
+==========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.0.2
+--------------------
+
+ * "git log -p -S<string>" did not apply the textconv filter while
+   looking for the <string>.
+
+ * In the documentation, some invalid example e-mail addresses were
+   formatted into mailto: links.
+
+Also contains many documentation updates backported from the 'master'
+branch that is preparing for the upcoming 1.8.1 release.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..43883c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.0.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+Git v1.8.0 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
+
+In the next major release (not *this* one), we will change the
+behavior of the "git push" command.
+
+When "git push [$there]" does not say what to push, we have used the
+traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
+to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
+over there).  We will use the "simple" semantics that pushes the
+current branch to the branch with the same name, only when the current
+branch is set to integrate with that remote branch.  There is a user
+preference configuration variable "push.default" to change this, and
+"git push" will warn about the upcoming change until you set this
+variable in this release.
+
+"git branch --set-upstream" is deprecated and may be removed in a
+relatively distant future.  "git branch [-u|--set-upstream-to]" has
+been introduced with a saner order of arguments.
+
+
+Updates since v1.7.12
+---------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * A credential helper for Win32 to allow access to the keychain of
+   the logged-in user has been added.
+
+ * An initial port to HP NonStop.
+
+ * A credential helper to allow access to the Gnome keyring has been
+   added.
+
+ * When "git am" sanitizes the "Subject:" line, we strip the prefix from
+   "Re: subject" and also from a less common "re: subject", but left
+   the even less common "RE: subject" intact.  Now we strip that too.
+
+ * It was tempting to say "git branch --set-upstream origin/master",
+   but that tells Git to arrange the local branch "origin/master" to
+   integrate with the currently checked out branch, which is highly
+   unlikely what the user meant.  The option is deprecated; use the
+   new "--set-upstream-to" (with a short-and-sweet "-u") option
+   instead.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" learned the "--allow-empty-message" option to
+   allow it to replay a commit without any log message.
+
+ * After "git cherry-pick -s" gave control back to the user asking
+   help to resolve conflicts, concluding "git commit" used to need to
+   be run with "-s" if the user wants to sign it off; now the command
+   leaves the sign-off line in the log template.
+
+ * "git daemon" learned the "--access-hook" option to allow an
+   external command to decline service based on the client address,
+   repository path, etc.
+
+ * "git difftool --dir-diff" learned to use symbolic links to prepare
+   a temporary copy of the working tree when available.
+
+ * "git grep" learned to use a non-standard pattern type by default if
+   a configuration variable tells it to.
+
+ * Accumulated updates to "git gui" has been merged.
+
+ * "git log -g" learned the "--grep-reflog=<pattern>" option to limit
+   its output to commits with a reflog message that matches the given
+   pattern.
+
+ * "git merge-base" learned the "--is-ancestor A B" option to tell if A is
+   an ancestor of B.  The result is indicated by its exit status code.
+
+ * "git mergetool" now allows users to override the actual command used
+   with the mergetool.$name.cmd configuration variable even for built-in
+   mergetool backends.
+
+ * "git rebase -i" learned the "--edit-todo" option to open an editor
+   to edit the instruction sheet.
+
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "git svn" has been updated to work with SVN 1.7.
+
+ * "git p4" learned the "--conflicts" option to specify what to do when
+   encountering a conflict during "p4 submit".
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
+
+ * Git ships with a fall-back regexp implementation for platforms with
+   buggy regexp library, but it was easy for people to keep using their
+   platform regexp by mistake.  A new test has been added to check this.
+
+ * The "check-docs" build target has been updated and greatly
+   simplified.
+
+ * The test suite is run under MALLOC_CHECK_ when running with a glibc
+   that supports the feature.
+
+ * The documentation in the TeXinfo format was using indented output
+   for materials meant to be examples that are better typeset in
+   monospace.
+
+ * Compatibility wrapper around some mkdir(2) implementations that
+   reject parameters with trailing slash has been introduced.
+
+ * Compatibility wrapper for systems that lack usable setitimer() has
+   been added.
+
+ * The option parsing of "git checkout" had error checking, dwim and
+   defaulting missing options, all mixed in the code, and issuing an
+   appropriate error message with useful context was getting harder.
+   The code has been reorganized to allow giving a proper diagnosis
+   when the user says "git checkout -b -t foo bar" (e.g. "-t" is not a
+   good name for a branch).
+
+ * Many internal uses of a "git merge-base" equivalent were only to see
+   if one commit fast-forwards to the other, which did not need the
+   full set of merge bases to be computed. They have been updated to
+   use less expensive checks.
+
+ * The heuristics to detect and silently convert latin1 to utf8 when
+   we were told to use utf-8 in the log message has been transplanted
+   from "mailinfo" to "commit" and "commit-tree".
+
+ * Messages given by "git <subcommand> -h" from many subcommands have
+   been marked for translation.
+
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.7.12
+-------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.7.12 in the
+maintenance track are contained in this release (see release notes
+to them for details).
+
+ * The attribute system may be asked for a path that itself or its
+   leading directories no longer exists in the working tree, and it is
+   fine if we cannot open .gitattribute file in such a case.  Failure
+   to open per-directory .gitattributes with error status other than
+   ENOENT and ENOTDIR should be diagnosed, but it wasn't.
+
+ * When looking for $HOME/.gitconfig etc., it is OK if we cannot read
+   them because they do not exist, but we did not diagnose existing
+   files that we cannot read.
+
+ * When "git am" is fed an input that has multiple "Content-type: ..."
+   header, it did not grok charset= attribute correctly.
+
+ * "git am" mishandled a patch attached as application/octet-stream
+   (e.g. not text/*); Content-Transfer-Encoding (e.g. base64) was not
+   honored correctly.
+
+ * "git blame MAKEFILE" run in a history that has "Makefile" but not
+   "MAKEFILE" should say "No such file MAKEFILE in HEAD", but got
+   confused on a case insensitive filesystem and failed to do so.
+
+ * Even during a conflicted merge, "git blame $path" always meant to
+   blame uncommitted changes to the "working tree" version; make it
+   more useful by showing cleanly merged parts as coming from the other
+   branch that is being merged.
+
+ * It was unclear in the documentation for "git blame" that it is
+   unnecessary for users to use the "--follow" option.
+
+ * Output from "git branch -v" contains "(no branch)" that could be
+   localized, but the code to align it along with the names of
+   branches was counting in bytes, not in display columns.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick A C B" used to replay changes in A and then B and
+   then C if these three commits had committer timestamps in that
+   order, which is not what the user who said "A C B" naturally
+   expects.
+
+ * A repository created with "git clone --single" had its fetch
+   refspecs set up just like a clone without "--single", leading the
+   subsequent "git fetch" to slurp all the other branches, defeating
+   the whole point of specifying "only this branch".
+
+ * Documentation talked about "first line of commit log" when it meant
+   the title of the commit.  The description was clarified by defining
+   how the title is decided and rewording the casual mention of "first
+   line" to "title".
+
+ * "git cvsimport" did not thoroughly cleanse tag names that it
+   inferred from the names of the tags it obtained from CVS, which
+   caused "git tag" to barf and stop the import in the middle.
+
+ * Earlier we made the diffstat summary line that shows the number of
+   lines added/deleted localizable, but it was found irritating having
+   to see them in various languages on a list whose discussion language
+   is English, and this change has been reverted.
+
+ * "git fetch --all", when passed "--no-tags", did not honor the
+   "--no-tags" option while fetching from individual remotes (the same
+   issue existed with "--tags", but the combination "--all --tags" makes
+   much less sense than "--all --no-tags").
+
+ * "git fetch" over http had an old workaround for an unlikely server
+   misconfiguration; it turns out that this hurts debuggability of the
+   configuration in general, and has been reverted.
+
+ * "git fetch" over http advertised that it supports "deflate", which
+   is much less common, and did not advertise the more common "gzip" on
+   its Accept-Encoding header.
+
+ * "git fetch" over the dumb-http revision walker could segfault when
+   curl's multi interface was used.
+
+ * "git gc --auto" notified the user that auto-packing has triggered
+    even under the "--quiet" option.
+
+ * After "gitk" showed the contents of a tag, neither "Reread
+   references" nor "Reload" updated what is shown as the
+   contents of it when the user overwrote the tag with "git tag -f".
+
+ * "git log --all-match --grep=A --grep=B" ought to show commits that
+   mention both A and B, but when these three options are used with
+   --author or --committer, it showed commits that mention either A or
+   B (or both) instead.
+
+ * The "-Xours" backend option to "git merge -s recursive" was ignored
+   for binary files.
+
+ * "git p4", when "--use-client-spec" and "--detect-branches" are used
+   together, misdetected branches.
+
+ * "git receive-pack" (the counterpart to "git push") did not give
+   progress output while processing objects it received to the puser
+   when run over the smart-http protocol.
+
+ * When you misspell the command name you give to the "exec" action in
+   the "git rebase -i" instruction sheet you were told that 'rebase' is not a
+   git subcommand from "git rebase --continue".
+
+ * The subcommand in "git remote" to remove a defined remote was
+   "rm" and the command did not take a fully-spelled "remove".
+
+ * The interactive prompt that "git send-email" gives was error prone. It
+   asked "What e-mail address do you want to use?" with the address it
+   guessed (correctly) the user would want to use in its prompt,
+   tempting the user to say "y". But the response was taken as "No,
+   please use 'y' as the e-mail address instead", which is most
+   certainly not what the user meant.
+
+ * "git show --format='%ci'" did not give the timestamp correctly for
+   commits created without human readable name on the "committer" line.
+
+ * "git show --quiet" ought to be a synonym for "git show -s", but
+   wasn't.
+
+ * "git submodule frotz" was not diagnosed as "frotz" being an unknown
+   subcommand to "git submodule"; the user instead got a complaint
+   that "git submodule status" was run with an unknown path "frotz".
+
+ * "git status" honored the ignore=dirty settings in .gitmodules but
+   "git commit" didn't.
+
+ * "gitweb" did not give the correct committer timezone in its feed
+   output due to a typo.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6cde07b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+Git 1.8.1.1 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.1
+------------------
+
+ * The attribute mechanism didn't allow limiting attributes to be
+   applied to only a single directory itself with "path/" like the
+   exclude mechanism does.
+
+ * When attempting to read the XDG-style $HOME/.config/git/config and
+   finding that $HOME/.config/git is a file, we gave a wrong error
+   message, instead of treating the case as "a custom config file does
+   not exist there" and moving on.
+
+ * After failing to create a temporary file using mkstemp(), failing
+   pathname was not reported correctly on some platforms.
+
+ * http transport was wrong to ask for the username when the
+   authentication is done by certificate identity.
+
+ * The behaviour visible to the end users was confusing, when they
+   attempt to kill a process spawned in the editor that was in turn
+   launched by Git with SIGINT (or SIGQUIT), as Git would catch that
+   signal and die.  We ignore these signals now.
+
+ * A child process that was killed by a signal (e.g. SIGINT) was
+   reported in an inconsistent way depending on how the process was
+   spawned by us, with or without a shell in between.
+
+ * After "git add -N" and then writing a tree object out of the
+   index, the cache-tree data structure got corrupted.
+
+ * "git apply" misbehaved when fixing whitespace breakages by removing
+   excess trailing blank lines in some corner cases.
+
+ * A tar archive created by "git archive" recorded a directory in a
+   way that made NetBSD's implementation of "tar" sometimes unhappy.
+
+ * When "git clone --separate-git-dir=$over_there" is interrupted, it
+   failed to remove the real location of the $GIT_DIR it created.
+   This was most visible when interrupting a submodule update.
+
+ * "git fetch --mirror" and fetch that uses other forms of refspec
+   with wildcard used to attempt to update a symbolic ref that match
+   the wildcard on the receiving end, which made little sense (the
+   real ref that is pointed at by the symbolic ref would be updated
+   anyway).  Symbolic refs no longer are affected by such a fetch.
+
+ * The "log --graph" codepath fell into infinite loop in some
+   corner cases.
+
+ * "git merge" started calling prepare-commit-msg hook like "git
+   commit" does some time ago, but forgot to pay attention to the exit
+   status of the hook.
+
+ * "git pack-refs" that ran in parallel to another process that
+   created new refs had a race that can lose new ones.
+
+ * When a line to be wrapped has a solid run of non space characters
+   whose length exactly is the wrap width, "git shortlog -w" failed
+   to add a newline after such a line.
+
+ * The way "git svn" asked for password using SSH_ASKPASS and
+   GIT_ASKPASS was not in line with the rest of the system.
+
+ * "gitweb", when sorting by age to show repositories with new
+   activities first, used to sort repositories with absolutely
+   nothing in it early, which was not very useful.
+
+ * "gitweb", when sorting by age to show repositories with new
+   activities first, used to sort repositories with absolutely
+   nothing in it early, which was not very useful.
+
+ * When autoconf is used, any build on a different commit always ran
+   "config.status --recheck" even when unnecessary.
+
+ * Some scripted programs written in Python did not get updated when
+   PYTHON_PATH changed.
+
+ * We have been carrying a translated and long-unmaintained copy of an
+   old version of the tutorial; removed.
+
+ * Portability issues in many self-test scripts have been addressed.
+
+
+Also contains other minor fixes and documentation updates.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ab7b18
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Git 1.8.1.2 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.1.1
+--------------------
+
+ * An element on GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES list that does not name the
+   real path to a directory (i.e. a symbolic link) could have caused
+   the GIT_DIR discovery logic to escape the ceiling.
+
+ * Command line completion for "tcsh" emitted an unwanted space
+   after completing a single directory name.
+
+ * Command line completion leaked an unnecessary error message while
+   looking for possible matches with paths in <tree-ish>.
+
+ * "git archive" did not record uncompressed size in the header when
+   streaming a zip archive, which confused some implementations of unzip.
+
+ * When users spelled "cc:" in lowercase in the fake "header" in the
+   trailer part, "git send-email" failed to pick up the addresses from
+   there. As e-mail headers field names are case insensitive, this
+   script should follow suit and treat "cc:" and "Cc:" the same way.
+
+Also contains various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.3.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.3.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..03bd330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.3.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Git 1.8.1.3 Release Notes
+=========================
+
+Fixes since v1.8.1.2
+--------------------
+
+ * The attribute mechanism didn't allow limiting attributes to be
+   applied to only a single directory itself with "path/" like the
+   exclude mechanism does.  The fix for this in 1.8.1.2 had
+   performance degradations.
+
+ * Command line completion code was inadvertently made incompatible with
+   older versions of bash by using a newer array notation.
+
+ * We used to stuff "user@" and then append what we read from
+   /etc/mailname to come up with a default e-mail ident, but a bug
+   lost the "user@" part.
+
+ * "git am" did not parse datestamp correctly from Hg generated patch,
+   when it is run in a locale outside C (or en).
+
+ * Attempt to "branch --edit-description" an existing branch, while
+   being on a detached HEAD, errored out.
+
+ * "git rebase --preserve-merges" lost empty merges in recent versions
+   of Git.
+
+Also contains various documentation fixes.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6f9555
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.1.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+Git v1.8.1 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
+
+In the next major release (not *this* one), we will change the
+behavior of the "git push" command.
+
+When "git push [$there]" does not say what to push, we have used the
+traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
+to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
+over there).  We will use the "simple" semantics that pushes the
+current branch to the branch with the same name, only when the current
+branch is set to integrate with that remote branch.  There is a user
+preference configuration variable "push.default" to change this, and
+"git push" will warn about the upcoming change until you set this
+variable in this release.
+
+"git branch --set-upstream" is deprecated and may be removed in a
+relatively distant future.  "git branch [-u|--set-upstream-to]" has
+been introduced with a saner order of arguments to replace it.
+
+
+Updates since v1.8.0
+--------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Command-line completion scripts for tcsh and zsh have been added.
+
+ * "git-prompt" scriptlet (in contrib/completion) can be told to paint
+   pieces of the hints in the prompt string in colors.
+
+ * Some documentation pages that used to ship only in the plain text
+   format are now formatted in HTML as well.
+
+ * We used to have a workaround for a bug in ancient "less" that
+   causes it to exit without any output when the terminal is resized.
+   The bug has been fixed in "less" version 406 (June 2007), and the
+   workaround has been removed in this release.
+
+ * When "git checkout" checks out a branch, it tells the user how far
+   behind (or ahead) the new branch is relative to the remote tracking
+   branch it builds upon.  The message now also advises how to sync
+   them up by pushing or pulling.  This can be disabled with the
+   advice.statusHints configuration variable.
+
+ * "git config --get" used to diagnose presence of multiple
+   definitions of the same variable in the same configuration file as
+   an error, but it now applies the "last one wins" rule used by the
+   internal configuration logic.  Strictly speaking, this may be an
+   API regression but it is expected that nobody will notice it in
+   practice.
+
+ * A new configuration variable "diff.context" can be used to
+   give the default number of context lines in the patch output, to
+   override the hardcoded default of 3 lines.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned the "--notes=<ref>" option to give
+   notes for the commit after the three-dash lines in its output.
+
+ * "git log -p -S<string>" now looks for the <string> after applying
+   the textconv filter (if defined); earlier it inspected the contents
+   of the blobs without filtering.
+
+ * "git log --grep=<pcre>" learned to honor the "grep.patterntype"
+   configuration set to "perl".
+
+ * "git replace -d <object>" now interprets <object> as an extended
+   SHA-1 (e.g. HEAD~4 is allowed), instead of only accepting full hex
+   object name.
+
+ * "git rm $submodule" used to punt on removing a submodule working
+   tree to avoid losing the repository embedded in it.  Because
+   recent git uses a mechanism to separate the submodule repository
+   from the submodule working tree, "git rm" learned to detect this
+   case and removes the submodule working tree when it is safe to do so.
+
+ * "git send-email" used to prompt for the sender address, even when
+   the committer identity is well specified (e.g. via user.name and
+   user.email configuration variables).  The command no longer gives
+   this prompt when not necessary.
+
+ * "git send-email" did not allow non-address garbage strings to
+   appear after addresses on Cc: lines in the patch files (and when
+   told to pick them up to find more recipients), e.g.
+
+     Cc: Stable Kernel <stable@k.org> # for v3.2 and up
+
+   The command now strips " # for v3.2 and up" part before adding the
+   remainder of this line to the list of recipients.
+
+ * "git submodule add" learned to add a new submodule at the same
+   path as the path where an unrelated submodule was bound to in an
+   existing revision via the "--name" option.
+
+ * "git submodule sync" learned the "--recursive" option.
+
+ * "diff.submodule" configuration variable can be used to give custom
+   default value to the "git diff --submodule" option.
+
+ * "git symbolic-ref" learned the "-d $symref" option to delete the
+   named symbolic ref, which is more intuitive way to spell it than
+   "update-ref -d --no-deref $symref".
+
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "git cvsimport" can be told to record timezones (other than GMT)
+   per-author via its author info file.
+
+ * The remote helper interface to interact with subversion
+   repositories (one of the GSoC 2012 projects) has been merged.
+
+ * A new remote-helper interface for Mercurial has been added to
+   contrib/remote-helpers.
+
+ * The documentation for git(1) was pointing at a page at an external
+   site for the list of authors that no longer existed.  The link has
+   been updated to point at an alternative site.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
+
+ * Compilation on Cygwin with newer header files are supported now.
+
+ * A couple of low-level implementation updates on MinGW.
+
+ * The logic to generate the initial advertisement from "upload-pack"
+   (i.e. what is invoked by "git fetch" on the other side of the
+   connection) to list what refs are available in the repository has
+   been optimized.
+
+ * The logic to find set of attributes that match a given path has
+   been optimized.
+
+ * Use preloadindex in "git diff-index" and "git update-index", which
+   has a nice speedup on systems with slow stat calls (and even on
+   Linux).
+
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.8.0
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.8.0 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * The configuration parser had an unnecessary hardcoded limit on
+   variable names that was not checked consistently.
+
+ * The "say" function in the test scaffolding incorrectly allowed
+   "echo" to interpret "\a" as if it were a C-string asking for a
+   BEL output.
+
+ * "git mergetool" feeds /dev/null as a common ancestor when dealing
+   with an add/add conflict, but p4merge backend cannot handle
+   it. Work it around by passing a temporary empty file.
+
+ * "git log -F -E --grep='<ere>'" failed to use the given <ere>
+   pattern as extended regular expression, and instead looked for the
+   string literally.
+
+ * "git grep -e pattern <tree>" asked the attribute system to read
+   "<tree>:.gitattributes" file in the working tree, which was
+   nonsense.
+
+ * A symbolic ref refs/heads/SYM was not correctly removed with "git
+   branch -d SYM"; the command removed the ref pointed by SYM
+   instead.
+
+ * Update "remote tracking branch" in the documentation to
+   "remote-tracking branch".
+
+ * "git pull --rebase" run while the HEAD is detached tried to find
+   the upstream branch of the detached HEAD (which by definition
+   does not exist) and emitted unnecessary error messages.
+
+ * The refs/replace hierarchy was not mentioned in the
+   repository-layout docs.
+
+ * Various rfc2047 quoting issues around a non-ASCII name on the
+   From: line in the output from format-patch have been corrected.
+
+ * Sometimes curl_multi_timeout() function suggested a wrong timeout
+   value when there is no file descriptor to wait on and the http
+   transport ended up sleeping for minutes in select(2) system call.
+   A workaround has been added for this.
+
+ * For a fetch refspec (or the result of applying wildcard on one),
+   we always want the RHS to map to something inside "refs/"
+   hierarchy, but the logic to check it was not exactly right.
+   (merge 5c08c1f jc/maint-fetch-tighten-refname-check later to maint).
+
+ * "git diff -G<pattern>" did not honor textconv filter when looking
+   for changes.
+
+ * Some HTTP servers ask for auth only during the actual packing phase
+   (not in ls-remote phase); this is not really a recommended
+   configuration, but the clients used to fail to authenticate with
+   such servers.
+   (merge 2e736fd jk/maint-http-half-auth-fetch later to maint).
+
+ * "git p4" used to try expanding malformed "$keyword$" that spans
+   across multiple lines.
+
+ * Syntax highlighting in "gitweb" was not quite working.
+
+ * RSS feed from "gitweb" had a xss hole in its title output.
+
+ * "git config --path $key" segfaulted on "[section] key" (a boolean
+   "true" spelled without "=", not "[section] key = true").
+
+ * "git checkout -b foo" while on an unborn branch did not say
+   "Switched to a new branch 'foo'" like other cases.
+
+ * Various codepaths have workaround for a common misconfiguration to
+   spell "UTF-8" as "utf8", but it was not used uniformly.  Most
+   notably, mailinfo (which is used by "git am") lacked this support.
+
+ * We failed to mention a file without any content change but whose
+   permission bit was modified, or (worse yet) a new file without any
+   content in the "git diff --stat" output.
+
+ * When "--stat-count" hides a diffstat for binary contents, the total
+   number of added and removed lines at the bottom was computed
+   incorrectly.
+
+ * When "--stat-count" hides a diffstat for unmerged paths, the total
+   number of affected files at the bottom of the "diff --stat" output
+   was computed incorrectly.
+
+ * "diff --shortstat" miscounted the total number of affected files
+   when there were unmerged paths.
+
+ * "update-ref -d --deref SYM" to delete a ref through a symbolic ref
+   that points to it did not remove it correctly.
diff --git a/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a1ebb96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,364 @@
+Git v1.8.2 Release Notes
+========================
+
+Backward compatibility notes
+----------------------------
+
+In the upcoming major release (tentatively called 1.8.2), we will
+change the behavior of the "git push" command.
+
+When "git push [$there]" does not say what to push, we have used the
+traditional "matching" semantics so far (all your branches were sent
+to the remote as long as there already are branches of the same name
+over there).  We will use the "simple" semantics that pushes the
+current branch to the branch with the same name, only when the current
+branch is set to integrate with that remote branch.  There is a user
+preference configuration variable "push.default" to change this.
+
+"git push $there tag v1.2.3" used to allow replacing a tag v1.2.3
+that already exists in the repository $there, if the rewritten tag
+you are pushing points at a commit that is a decendant of a commit
+that the old tag v1.2.3 points at.  This was found to be error prone
+and starting with this release, any attempt to update an existing
+ref under refs/tags/ hierarchy will fail, without "--force".
+
+
+Updates since v1.8.1
+--------------------
+
+UI, Workflows & Features
+
+ * Initial ports to QNX and z/OS UNIX System Services have started.
+
+ * Output from the tests is coloured using "green is okay, yellow is
+   questionable, red is bad and blue is informative" scheme.
+
+ * In bare repositories, "git shortlog" and other commands now read
+   mailmap files from the tip of the history, to help running these
+   tools in server settings.
+
+ * Color specifiers, e.g. "%C(blue)Hello%C(reset)", used in the
+   "--format=" option of "git log" and friends can be disabled when
+   the output is not sent to a terminal by prefixing them with
+   "auto,", e.g. "%C(auto,blue)Hello%C(auto,reset)".
+
+ * Scripts can ask Git that wildcard patterns in pathspecs they give do
+   not have any significance, i.e. take them as literal strings.
+
+ * The patterns in .gitignore and .gitattributes files can have **/,
+   as a pattern that matches 0 or more levels of subdirectory.
+   E.g. "foo/**/bar" matches "bar" in "foo" itself or in a
+   subdirectory of "foo".
+
+ * When giving arguments without "--" disambiguation, object names
+   that come earlier on the command line must not be interpretable as
+   pathspecs and pathspecs that come later on the command line must
+   not be interpretable as object names.  This disambiguation rule has
+   been tweaked so that ":/" (no other string before or after) is
+   always interpreted as a pathspec; "git cmd -- :/" is no longer
+   needed, you can just say "git cmd :/".
+
+ * Various "hint" lines Git gives when it asks the user to edit
+   messages in the editor are commented out with '#' by default. The
+   core.commentchar configuration variable can be used to customize
+   this '#' to a different character.
+
+ * "git add -u" and "git add -A" without pathspec issues warning to
+   make users aware that they are only operating on paths inside the
+   subdirectory they are in.  Use ":/" (everything from the top) or
+   "." (everything from the $cwd) to disambiguate.
+
+ * "git blame" (and "git diff") learned the "--no-follow" option.
+
+ * "git check-ignore" command to help debugging .gitignore files has
+   been added.
+
+ * "git cherry-pick" can be used to replay a root commit to an unborn
+   branch.
+
+ * "git commit" can be told to use --cleanup=whitespace by setting the
+   configuration variable commit.cleanup to 'whitespace'.
+
+ * "git fetch --mirror" and fetch that uses other forms of refspec
+   with wildcard used to attempt to update a symbolic ref that match
+   the wildcard on the receiving end, which made little sense (the
+   real ref that is pointed at by the symbolic ref would be updated
+   anyway).  Symbolic refs no longer are affected by such a fetch.
+
+ * "git format-patch" now detects more cases in which a whole branch
+   is being exported, and uses the description for the branch, when
+   asked to write a cover letter for the series.
+
+ * "git format-patch" learned "-v $count" option, and prepends a
+   string "v$count-" to the names of its output files, and also
+   automatically sets the subject prefix to "PATCH v$count". This
+   allows patches from rerolled series to be stored under different
+   names and makes it easier to reuse cover letter messsages.
+
+ * "git log" and friends can be told with --use-mailmap option to
+   rewrite the names and email addresses of people using the mailmap
+   mechanism.
+
+ * "git push" now requires "-f" to update a tag, even if it is a
+   fast-forward, as tags are meant to be fixed points.
+
+ * Error messages from "git push" when it stops to prevent remote refs
+   from getting overwritten by mistake have been improved to explain
+   various situations separately.
+
+ * "git push" will stop without doing anything if the new "pre-push"
+   hook exists and exits with a failure.
+
+ * When "git rebase" fails to generate patches to be applied (e.g. due
+   to oom), it failed to detect the failure and instead behaved as if
+   there were nothing to do.  A workaround to use a temporary file has
+   been applied, but we probably would want to revisit this later, as
+   it hurts the common case of not failing at all.
+
+ * Input and preconditions to "git reset" has been loosened where
+   appropriate.  "git reset $fromtree Makefile" requires $fromtree to
+   be any tree (it used to require it to be a commit), for example.
+   "git reset" (without options or parameters) used to error out when
+   you do not have any commits in your history, but it now gives you
+   an empty index (to match non-existent commit you are not even on).
+
+ * "git submodule" started learning a new mode to integrate with the
+   tip of the remote branch (as opposed to integrating with the commit
+   recorded in the superproject's gitlink).
+
+
+Foreign Interface
+
+ * "git fast-export" has been updated for its use in the context of
+   the remote helper interface.
+
+ * A new remote helper to interact with bzr has been added to contrib/.
+
+ * "git p4" got various bugfixes around its branch handling.  It is
+   also made usable with Python 2.4/2.5.  In addition, its various
+   portability issues for Cygwin have been addressed.
+
+ * The remote helper to interact with Hg in contrib/ has seen a few
+   fixes.
+
+
+Performance, Internal Implementation, etc.
+
+ * "git fsck" has been taught to be pickier about entries in tree
+   objects that should not be there, e.g. ".", ".git", and "..".
+
+ * Matching paths with common forms of pathspecs that contain wildcard
+   characters has been optimized further.
+
+ * We stopped paying attention to $GIT_CONFIG environment that points
+   at a single configuration file from any command other than "git config"
+   quite a while ago, but "git clone" internally set, exported, and
+   then unexported the variable during its operation unnecessarily.
+
+ * "git reset" internals has been reworked and should be faster in
+   general. We tried to be careful not to break any behaviour but
+   there could be corner cases, especially when running the command
+   from a conflicted state, that we may have missed.
+
+ * The implementation of "imap-send" has been updated to reuse xml
+   quoting code from http-push codepath, and lost a lot of unused
+   code.
+
+ * There is a simple-minded checker for the test scripts in t/
+   directory to catch most common mistakes (it is not enabled by
+   default).
+
+ * You can build with USE_WILDMATCH=YesPlease to use a replacement
+   implementation of pattern matching logic used for pathname-like
+   things, e.g. refnames and paths in the repository.  This new
+   implementation is not expected change the existing behaviour of Git
+   in this release, except for "git for-each-ref" where you can now
+   say "refs/**/master" and match with both refs/heads/master and
+   refs/remotes/origin/master.  We plan to use this new implementation
+   in wider places (e.g. "git ls-files '**/Makefile' may find Makefile
+   at the top-level, and "git log '**/t*.sh'" may find commits that
+   touch a shell script whose name begins with "t" at any level) in
+   future versions of Git, but we are not there yet.  By building with
+   USE_WILDMATCH, using the resulting Git daily and reporting when you
+   find breakages, you can help us get closer to that goal.
+
+ * Some reimplementations of Git do not write all the stat info back
+   to the index due to their implementation limitations (e.g. jgit).
+   A configuration option can tell Git to ignore changes to most of
+   the stat fields and only pay attention to mtime and size, which
+   these implementations can reliably update.  This can be used to
+   avoid excessive revalidation of contents.
+
+
+Also contains minor documentation updates and code clean-ups.
+
+
+Fixes since v1.8.1
+------------------
+
+Unless otherwise noted, all the fixes since v1.8.1 in the maintenance
+track are contained in this release (see release notes to them for
+details).
+
+ * An element on GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES list that does not name the
+   real path to a directory (i.e. a symbolic link) could have caused
+   the GIT_DIR discovery logic to escape the ceiling.
+
+ * When attempting to read the XDG-style $HOME/.config/git/config and
+   finding that $HOME/.config/git is a file, we gave a wrong error
+   message, instead of treating the case as "a custom config file does
+   not exist there" and moving on.
+
+ * The behaviour visible to the end users was confusing, when they
+   attempt to kill a process spawned in the editor that was in turn
+   launched by Git with SIGINT (or SIGQUIT), as Git would catch that
+   signal and die.  We ignore these signals now.
+   (merge 0398fc34 pf/editor-ignore-sigint later to maint).
+
+ * A child process that was killed by a signal (e.g. SIGINT) was
+   reported in an inconsistent way depending on how the process was
+   spawned by us, with or without a shell in between.
+
+ * After failing to create a temporary file using mkstemp(), failing
+   pathname was not reported correctly on some platforms.
+
+ * We used to stuff "user@" and then append what we read from
+   /etc/mailname to come up with a default e-mail ident, but a bug
+   lost the "user@" part.
+
+ * The attribute mechanism didn't allow limiting attributes to be
+   applied to only a single directory itself with "path/" like the
+   exclude mechanism does.  The initial implementation of this that
+   was merged to 'maint' and 1.8.1.2 was with a severe performance
+   degradations and needs to merge a fix-up topic.
+
+ * "git am" did not parse datestamp correctly from Hg generated patch,
+   when it is run in a locale outside C (or en).
+
+ * "git apply" misbehaved when fixing whitespace breakages by removing
+   excess trailing blank lines.
+
+ * A tar archive created by "git archive" recorded a directory in a
+   way that made NetBSD's implementation of "tar" sometimes unhappy.
+
+ * "git archive" did not record uncompressed size in the header when
+   streaming a zip archive, which confused some implementations of unzip.
+
+ * "git archive" did not parse configuration values in tar.* namespace
+   correctly.
+   (merge b3873c3 jk/config-parsing-cleanup later to maint).
+
+ * Attempt to "branch --edit-description" an existing branch, while
+   being on a detached HEAD, errored out.
+
+ * "git clean" showed what it was going to do, but sometimes end up
+   finding that it was not allowed to do so, which resulted in a
+   confusing output (e.g. after saying that it will remove an
+   untracked directory, it found an embedded git repository there
+   which it is not allowed to remove).  It now performs the actions
+   and then reports the outcome more faithfully.
+   (merge f538a91 zk/clean-report-failure later to maint).
+
+ * When "git clone --separate-git-dir=$over_there" is interrupted, it
+   failed to remove the real location of the $GIT_DIR it created.
+   This was most visible when interrupting a submodule update.
+
+ * "git fetch --depth" was broken in at least three ways.  The
+   resulting history was deeper than specified by one commit, it was
+   unclear how to wipe the shallowness of the repository with the
+   command, and documentation was misleading.
+   (merge cfb70e1 nd/fetch-depth-is-broken later to maint).
+
+ * "git log --all -p" that walked refs/notes/textconv/ ref can later
+   try to use the textconv data incorrectly after it gets freed.
+   (merge be5c9fb jk/read-commit-buffer-data-after-free later to maint).
+
+ * The way "git svn" asked for password using SSH_ASKPASS and
+   GIT_ASKPASS was not in line with the rest of the system.
+
+ * The --graph code fell into infinite loop when asked to do what the
+   code did not expect.
+
+ * http transport was wrong to ask for the username when the
+   authentication is done by certificate identity.
+
+ * "git pack-refs" that ran in parallel to another process that
+   created new refs had a nasty race.
+
+ * After "git add -N" and then writing a tree object out of the
+   index, the cache-tree data structure got corrupted.
+
+ * "git clone" used to allow --bare and --separate-git-dir=$there
+   options at the same time, which was nonsensical.
+   (merge 95b63f1 nd/clone-no-separate-git-dir-with-bare later to maint).
+
+ * "git rebase --preserve-merges" lost empty merges in recent versions
+   of Git.
+
+ * "git merge --no-edit" computed who were involved in the work done
+   on the side branch, even though that information is to be discarded
+   without getting seen in the editor.
+
+ * "git merge" started calling prepare-commit-msg hook like "git
+   commit" does some time ago, but forgot to pay attention to the exit
+   status of the hook.
+
+ * When users spell "cc:" in lowercase in the fake "header" in the
+   trailer part, "git send-email" failed to pick up the addresses from
+   there. As e-mail headers field names are case insensitive, this
+   script should follow suit and treat "cc:" and "Cc:" the same way.
+
+ * Output from "git status --ignored" showed an unexpected interaction
+   with "--untracked".
+
+ * "gitweb", when sorting by age to show repositories with new
+   activities first, used to sort repositories with absolutely
+   nothing in it early, which was not very useful.
+
+ * "gitweb"'s code to sanitize control characters before passing it to
+   "highlight" filter lost known-to-be-safe control characters by
+   mistake.
+
+ * When a line to be wrapped has a solid run of non space characters
+   whose length exactly is the wrap width, "git shortlog -w" failed
+   to add a newline after such a line.
+
+ * Command line completion leaked an unnecessary error message while
+   looking for possible matches with paths in <tree-ish>.
+
+ * Command line completion for "tcsh" emitted an unwanted space
+   after completing a single directory name.
+
+ * Command line completion code was inadvertently made incompatible with
+   older versions of bash by using a newer array notation.
+
+ * Some shells do not behave correctly when IFS is unset; work it
+   around by explicitly setting it to the default value.
+
+ * Some scripted programs written in Python did not get updated when
+   PYTHON_PATH changed.
+   (cherry-pick 96a4647fca54031974cd6ad1 later to maint).
+
+ * When autoconf is used, any build on a different commit always ran
+   "config.status --recheck" even when unnecessary.
+
+ * We have been carrying a translated and long-unmaintained copy of an
+   old version of the tutorial; removed.
+
+ * t0050 had tests expecting failures from a bug that was fixed some
+   time ago.
+
+ * t4014, t9502 and t0200 tests had various portability issues that
+   broke on OpenBSD.
+
+ * t9020 and t3600 tests had various portability issues.
+
+ * t9200 runs "cvs init" on a directory that already exists, but a
+   platform can configure this fail for the current user (e.g. you
+   need to be in the cvsadmin group on NetBSD 6.0).
+
+ * t9020 and t9810 had a few non-portable shell script construct.
+
+ * Scripts to test bash completion was inherently flaky as it was
+   affected by whatever random things the user may have on $PATH.
+   (merge 5047822 jc/do-not-let-random-file-interfere-with-completion-tests later to maint).
diff --git a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
index 0dbf2c9..90133d8 100644
--- a/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
+++ b/Documentation/SubmittingPatches
@@ -1,65 +1,5 @@
-Checklist (and a short version for the impatient):
-
-	Commits:
-
-	- make commits of logical units
-	- check for unnecessary whitespace with "git diff --check"
-	  before committing
-	- do not check in commented out code or unneeded files
-	- the first line of the commit message should be a short
-	  description (50 characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION
-	  in git-commit(1)), and should skip the full stop
-	- the body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
-	  . explains the problem the change tries to solve, iow, what
-	    is wrong with the current code without the change.
-	  . justifies the way the change solves the problem, iow, why
-	    the result with the change is better.
-	  . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
-	- describe changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
-	  instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed
-	  xyzzy to do frotz", as if you are giving orders to the codebase
-	  to change its behaviour.
-	- try to make sure your explanation can be understood without
-	  external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
-	  archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
-	- add a "Signed-off-by: Your Name <you@example.com>" line to the
-	  commit message (or just use the option "-s" when committing)
-	  to confirm that you agree to the Developer's Certificate of Origin
-	- make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing
-	- make sure that the test suite passes after your commit
-
-	Patch:
-
-	- use "git format-patch -M" to create the patch
-	- do not PGP sign your patch
-	- do not attach your patch, but read in the mail
-	  body, unless you cannot teach your mailer to
-	  leave the formatting of the patch alone.
-	- be careful doing cut & paste into your mailer, not to
-	  corrupt whitespaces.
-	- provide additional information (which is unsuitable for
-	  the commit message) between the "---" and the diffstat
-	- if you change, add, or remove a command line option or
-	  make some other user interface change, the associated
-	  documentation should be updated as well.
-	- if your name is not writable in ASCII, make sure that
-	  you send off a message in the correct encoding.
-	- send the patch to the list (git@vger.kernel.org) and the
-	  maintainer (gitster@pobox.com) if (and only if) the patch
-	  is ready for inclusion. If you use git-send-email(1),
-	  please test it first by sending email to yourself.
-	- see below for instructions specific to your mailer
-
-Long version:
-
-I started reading over the SubmittingPatches document for Linux
-kernel, primarily because I wanted to have a document similar to
-it for the core GIT to make sure people understand what they are
-doing when they write "Signed-off-by" line.
-
-But the patch submission requirements are a lot more relaxed
-here on the technical/contents front, because the core GIT is
-thousand times smaller ;-).  So here is only the relevant bits.
+Here are some guidelines for people who want to contribute their code
+to this software.
 
 (0) Decide what to base your work on.
 
@@ -86,6 +26,10 @@
    wait until some of the dependent topics graduate to 'master', and
    rebase your work.
 
+ - Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
+   repositories (see the section "Subsystems" below).  Changes to
+   these parts should be based on their trees.
+
 To find the tip of a topic branch, run "git log --first-parent
 master..pu" and look for the merge commit. The second parent of this
 commit is the tip of the topic branch.
@@ -113,26 +57,53 @@
 differs substantially from the prior version, are all good things
 to have.
 
+Make sure that you have tests for the bug you are fixing.
+
+When adding a new feature, make sure that you have new tests to show
+the feature triggers the new behaviour when it should, and to show the
+feature does not trigger when it shouldn't.  Also make sure that the
+test suite passes after your commit.  Do not forget to update the
+documentation to describe the updated behaviour.
+
 Oh, another thing.  I am picky about whitespaces.  Make sure your
 changes do not trigger errors with the sample pre-commit hook shipped
 in templates/hooks--pre-commit.  To help ensure this does not happen,
 run git diff --check on your changes before you commit.
 
 
-(1a) Try to be nice to older C compilers
+(2) Describe your changes well.
 
-We try to support a wide range of C compilers to compile
-git with. That means that you should not use C99 initializers, even
-if a lot of compilers grok it.
+The first line of the commit message should be a short description (50
+characters is the soft limit, see DISCUSSION in git-commit(1)), and
+should skip the full stop.  It is also conventional in most cases to
+prefix the first line with "area: " where the area is a filename or
+identifier for the general area of the code being modified, e.g.
 
-Also, variables have to be declared at the beginning of the block
-(you can check this with gcc, using the -Wdeclaration-after-statement
-option).
+  . archive: ustar header checksum is computed unsigned
+  . git-cherry-pick.txt: clarify the use of revision range notation
 
-Another thing: NULL pointers shall be written as NULL, not as 0.
+If in doubt which identifier to use, run "git log --no-merges" on the
+files you are modifying to see the current conventions.
+
+The body should provide a meaningful commit message, which:
+
+  . explains the problem the change tries to solve, iow, what is wrong
+    with the current code without the change.
+
+  . justifies the way the change solves the problem, iow, why the
+    result with the change is better.
+
+  . alternate solutions considered but discarded, if any.
+
+Describe your changes in imperative mood, e.g. "make xyzzy do frotz"
+instead of "[This patch] makes xyzzy do frotz" or "[I] changed xyzzy
+to do frotz", as if you are giving orders to the codebase to change
+its behaviour.  Try to make sure your explanation can be understood
+without external resources. Instead of giving a URL to a mailing list
+archive, summarize the relevant points of the discussion.
 
 
-(2) Generate your patch using git tools out of your commits.
+(3) Generate your patch using git tools out of your commits.
 
 git based diff tools generate unidiff which is the preferred format.
 
@@ -140,22 +111,27 @@
 "git format-patch", if your patch involves file renames.  The
 receiving end can handle them just fine.
 
-Please make sure your patch does not include any extra files
-which do not belong in a patch submission.  Make sure to review
+Please make sure your patch does not add commented out debugging code,
+or include any extra files which do not relate to what your patch
+is trying to achieve. Make sure to review
 your patch after generating it, to ensure accuracy.  Before
 sending out, please make sure it cleanly applies to the "master"
 branch head.  If you are preparing a work based on "next" branch,
 that is fine, but please mark it as such.
 
 
-(3) Sending your patches.
+(4) Sending your patches.
 
 People on the git mailing list need to be able to read and
 comment on the changes you are submitting.  It is important for
 a developer to be able to "quote" your changes, using standard
 e-mail tools, so that they may comment on specific portions of
 your code.  For this reason, all patches should be submitted
-"inline".  WARNING: Be wary of your MUAs word-wrap
+"inline".  If your log message (including your name on the
+Signed-off-by line) is not writable in ASCII, make sure that
+you send off a message in the correct encoding.
+
+WARNING: Be wary of your MUAs word-wrap
 corrupting your patch.  Do not cut-n-paste your patch; you can
 lose tabs that way if you are not careful.
 
@@ -179,7 +155,8 @@
 
 You often want to add additional explanation about the patch,
 other than the commit message itself.  Place such "cover letter"
-material between the three dash lines and the diffstat.
+material between the three dash lines and the diffstat. Git-notes
+can also be inserted using the `--notes` option.
 
 Do not attach the patch as a MIME attachment, compressed or not.
 Do not let your e-mail client send quoted-printable.  Do not let
@@ -207,19 +184,25 @@
 that starts with '-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE-----'.  That is
 not a text/plain, it's something else.
 
-Unless your patch is a very trivial and an obviously correct one,
-first send it with "To:" set to the mailing list, with "cc:" listing
+Send your patch with "To:" set to the mailing list, with "cc:" listing
 people who are involved in the area you are touching (the output from
 "git blame $path" and "git shortlog --no-merges $path" would help to
-identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.  After the list
-reached a consensus that it is a good idea to apply the patch, re-send
-it with "To:" set to the maintainer and optionally "cc:" the list for
-inclusion.  Do not forget to add trailers such as "Acked-by:",
-"Reviewed-by:" and "Tested-by:" after your "Signed-off-by:" line as
-necessary.
+identify them), to solicit comments and reviews.
+
+After the list reached a consensus that it is a good idea to apply the
+patch, re-send it with "To:" set to the maintainer [*1*] and "cc:" the
+list [*2*] for inclusion.
+
+Do not forget to add trailers such as "Acked-by:", "Reviewed-by:" and
+"Tested-by:" lines as necessary to credit people who helped your
+patch.
+
+    [Addresses]
+     *1* The current maintainer: gitster@pobox.com
+     *2* The mailing list: git@vger.kernel.org
 
 
-(4) Sign your work
+(5) Sign your work
 
 To improve tracking of who did what, we've borrowed the
 "sign-off" procedure from the Linux kernel project on patches
@@ -290,6 +273,26 @@
 such as "Thanks-to:", "Based-on-patch-by:", or "Mentored-by:".
 
 ------------------------------------------------
+Subsystems with dedicated maintainers
+
+Some parts of the system have dedicated maintainers with their own
+repositories.
+
+ - git-gui/ comes from git-gui project, maintained by Pat Thoyts:
+
+        git://repo.or.cz/git-gui.git
+
+ - gitk-git/ comes from Paul Mackerras's gitk project:
+
+        git://ozlabs.org/~paulus/gitk
+
+ - po/ comes from the localization coordinator, Jiang Xin:
+
+	https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po/
+
+Patches to these parts should be based on their trees.
+
+------------------------------------------------
 An ideal patch flow
 
 Here is an ideal patch flow for this project the current maintainer
diff --git a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
index aea8627..1273a85 100644
--- a/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+++ b/Documentation/asciidoc.conf
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 # v1.72 breaks with this because it replaces dots not in roff requests.
 [listingblock]
 <example><title>{title}</title>
-<literallayout>
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
 ifdef::doctype-manpage[]
 &#10;.ft C&#10;
 endif::doctype-manpage[]
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 # The following two small workarounds insert a simple paragraph after screen
 [listingblock]
 <example><title>{title}</title>
-<literallayout>
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
 |
 </literallayout><simpara></simpara>
 {title#}</example>
@@ -90,6 +90,8 @@
 endif::doctype-manpage[]
 
 ifdef::backend-xhtml11[]
+[attributes]
+git-relative-html-prefix=
 [linkgit-inlinemacro]
-<a href="{target}.html">{target}{0?({0})}</a>
+<a href="{git-relative-html-prefix}{target}.html">{target}{0?({0})}</a>
 endif::backend-xhtml11[]
diff --git a/Documentation/config.txt b/Documentation/config.txt
index b30c7e6..c8abe86 100644
--- a/Documentation/config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/config.txt
@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@
 and the porcelains. The variables are divided into sections, wherein
 the fully qualified variable name of the variable itself is the last
 dot-separated segment and the section name is everything before the last
-dot. The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
-characters are allowed. Some variables may appear multiple times.
+dot. The variable names are case-insensitive, allow only alphanumeric
+characters and `-`, and must start with an alphabetic character.  Some
+variables may appear multiple times.
 
 Syntax
 ~~~~~~
@@ -45,17 +46,19 @@
 You can have `[section]` if you have `[section "subsection"]`, but you
 don't need to.
 
-There is also a case insensitive alternative `[section.subsection]` syntax.
-In this syntax, subsection names follow the same restrictions as for section
-names.
+There is also a deprecated `[section.subsection]` syntax. With this
+syntax, the subsection name is converted to lower-case and is also
+compared case sensitively. These subsection names follow the same
+restrictions as section names.
 
 All the other lines (and the remainder of the line after the section
 header) are recognized as setting variables, in the form
 'name = value'.  If there is no equal sign on the line, the entire line
 is taken as 'name' and the variable is recognized as boolean "true".
-The variable names are case-insensitive and only alphanumeric
-characters and `-` are allowed.  There can be more than one value
-for a given variable; we say then that variable is multivalued.
+The variable names are case-insensitive, allow only alphanumeric characters
+and `-`, and must start with an alphabetic character.  There can be more
+than one value for a given variable; we say then that the variable is
+multivalued.
 
 Leading and trailing whitespace in a variable value is discarded.
 Internal whitespace within a variable value is retained verbatim.
@@ -83,6 +86,19 @@
 
 Some variables may require a special value format.
 
+Includes
+~~~~~~~~
+
+You can include one config file from another by setting the special
+`include.path` variable to the name of the file to be included. The
+included file is expanded immediately, as if its contents had been
+found at the location of the include directive. If the value of the
+`include.path` variable is a relative path, the path is considered to be
+relative to the configuration file in which the include directive was
+found. The value of `include.path` is subject to tilde expansion: `~/`
+is expanded to the value of `$HOME`, and `~user/` to the specified
+user's home directory. See below for examples.
+
 Example
 ~~~~~~~
 
@@ -105,6 +121,11 @@
 		gitProxy="ssh" for "kernel.org"
 		gitProxy=default-proxy ; for the rest
 
+	[include]
+		path = /path/to/foo.inc ; include by absolute path
+		path = foo ; expand "foo" relative to the current file
+		path = ~/foo ; expand "foo" in your $HOME directory
+
 Variables
 ~~~~~~~~~
 
@@ -114,35 +135,66 @@
 porcelain configuration variables in the respective porcelain documentation.
 
 advice.*::
-	When set to 'true', display the given optional help message.
-	When set to 'false', do not display. The configuration variables
-	are:
+	These variables control various optional help messages designed to
+	aid new users. All 'advice.*' variables default to 'true', and you
+	can tell Git that you do not need help by setting these to 'false':
 +
 --
-	pushNonFastForward::
-		Advice shown when linkgit:git-push[1] refuses
-		non-fast-forward refs. Default: true.
+	pushUpdateRejected::
+		Set this variable to 'false' if you want to disable
+		'pushNonFFCurrent', 'pushNonFFDefault',
+		'pushNonFFMatching', 'pushAlreadyExists',
+		'pushFetchFirst', and 'pushNeedsForce'
+		simultaneously.
+	pushNonFFCurrent::
+		Advice shown when linkgit:git-push[1] fails due to a
+		non-fast-forward update to the current branch.
+	pushNonFFDefault::
+		Advice to set 'push.default' to 'upstream' or 'current'
+		when you ran linkgit:git-push[1] and pushed 'matching
+		refs' by default (i.e. you did not provide an explicit
+		refspec, and no 'push.default' configuration was set)
+		and it resulted in a non-fast-forward error.
+	pushNonFFMatching::
+		Advice shown when you ran linkgit:git-push[1] and pushed
+		'matching refs' explicitly (i.e. you used ':', or
+		specified a refspec that isn't your current branch) and
+		it resulted in a non-fast-forward error.
+	pushAlreadyExists::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		does not qualify for fast-forwarding (e.g., a tag.)
+	pushFetchFirst::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		tries to overwrite a remote ref that points at an
+		object we do not have.
+	pushNeedsForce::
+		Shown when linkgit:git-push[1] rejects an update that
+		tries to overwrite a remote ref that points at an
+		object that is not a committish, or make the remote
+		ref point at an object that is not a committish.
 	statusHints::
-		Directions on how to stage/unstage/add shown in the
-		output of linkgit:git-status[1] and the template shown
-		when writing commit messages. Default: true.
+		Show directions on how to proceed from the current
+		state in the output of linkgit:git-status[1], in
+		the template shown when writing commit messages in
+		linkgit:git-commit[1], and in the help message shown
+		by linkgit:git-checkout[1] when switching branch.
 	commitBeforeMerge::
 		Advice shown when linkgit:git-merge[1] refuses to
 		merge to avoid overwriting local changes.
-		Default: true.
 	resolveConflict::
 		Advices shown by various commands when conflicts
 		prevent the operation from being performed.
-		Default: true.
 	implicitIdentity::
 		Advice on how to set your identity configuration when
 		your information is guessed from the system username and
-		domain name. Default: true.
-
+		domain name.
 	detachedHead::
-		Advice shown when you used linkgit::git-checkout[1] to
+		Advice shown when you used linkgit:git-checkout[1] to
 		move to the detach HEAD state, to instruct how to create
-		a local branch after the fact.  Default: true.
+		a local branch after the fact.
+	amWorkDir::
+		Advice that shows the location of the patch file when
+		linkgit:git-am[1] fails to apply it.
 --
 
 core.fileMode::
@@ -177,6 +229,15 @@
 will probe and set core.ignorecase true if appropriate when the repository
 is created.
 
+core.precomposeunicode::
+	This option is only used by Mac OS implementation of git.
+	When core.precomposeunicode=true, git reverts the unicode decomposition
+	of filenames done by Mac OS. This is useful when sharing a repository
+	between Mac OS and Linux or Windows.
+	(Git for Windows 1.7.10 or higher is needed, or git under cygwin 1.7).
+	When false, file names are handled fully transparent by git,
+	which is backward compatible with older versions of git.
+
 core.trustctime::
 	If false, the ctime differences between the index and the
 	working tree are ignored; useful when the inode change time
@@ -184,6 +245,12 @@
 	crawlers and some backup systems).
 	See linkgit:git-update-index[1]. True by default.
 
+core.checkstat::
+	Determines which stat fields to match between the index
+	and work tree. The user can set this to 'default' or
+	'minimal'. Default (or explicitly 'default'), is to check
+	all fields, including the sub-second part of mtime and ctime.
+
 core.quotepath::
 	The commands that output paths (e.g. 'ls-files',
 	'diff'), when not given the `-z` option, will quote
@@ -448,9 +515,11 @@
 core.excludesfile::
 	In addition to '.gitignore' (per-directory) and
 	'.git/info/exclude', git looks into this file for patterns
-	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  "{tilde}/" is expanded
-	to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the specified user's
-	home directory.  See linkgit:gitignore[5].
+	of files which are not meant to be tracked.  "`~/`" is expanded
+	to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the specified user's
+	home directory. Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore.
+	If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore
+	is used instead. See linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 core.askpass::
 	Some commands (e.g. svn and http interfaces) that interactively
@@ -465,7 +534,9 @@
 	In addition to '.gitattributes' (per-directory) and
 	'.git/info/attributes', git looks into this file for attributes
 	(see linkgit:gitattributes[5]). Path expansions are made the same
-	way as for `core.excludesfile`.
+	way as for `core.excludesfile`. Its default value is
+	$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not
+	set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
 
 core.editor::
 	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
@@ -473,6 +544,18 @@
 	variable when it is set, and the environment variable
 	`GIT_EDITOR` is not set.  See linkgit:git-var[1].
 
+core.commentchar::
+	Commands such as `commit` and `tag` that lets you edit
+	messages consider a line that begins with this character
+	commented, and removes them after the editor returns
+	(default '#').
+
+sequence.editor::
+	Text editor used by `git rebase -i` for editing the rebase insn file.
+	The value is meant to be interpreted by the shell when it is used.
+	It can be overridden by the `GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR` environment variable.
+	When not configured the default commit message editor is used instead.
+
 core.pager::
 	The command that git will use to paginate output.  Can
 	be overridden with the `GIT_PAGER` environment
@@ -482,14 +565,14 @@
 	`LESS` variable to some other value.  Alternately,
 	these settings can be overridden on a project or
 	global basis by setting the `core.pager` option.
-	Setting `core.pager` has no affect on the `LESS`
+	Setting `core.pager` has no effect on the `LESS`
 	environment variable behaviour above, so if you want
 	to override git's default settings this way, you need
 	to be explicit.  For example, to disable the S option
 	in a backward compatible manner, set `core.pager`
-	to `less -+$LESS -FRX`.  This will be passed to the
-	shell by git, which will translate the final command to
-	`LESS=FRSX less -+FRSX -FRX`.
+	to `less -+S`.  This will be passed to the shell by
+	git, which will translate the final command to
+	`LESS=FRSX less -+S`.
 
 core.whitespace::
 	A comma separated list of common whitespace problems to
@@ -503,8 +586,9 @@
 * `space-before-tab` treats a space character that appears immediately
   before a tab character in the initial indent part of the line as an
   error (enabled by default).
-* `indent-with-non-tab` treats a line that is indented with 8 or more
-  space characters as an error (not enabled by default).
+* `indent-with-non-tab` treats a line that is indented with space
+  characters instead of the equivalent tabs as an error (not enabled by
+  default).
 * `tab-in-indent` treats a tab character in the initial indent part of
   the line as an error (not enabled by default).
 * `blank-at-eof` treats blank lines added at the end of file as an error
@@ -670,10 +754,18 @@
 branch.<name>.rebase::
 	When true, rebase the branch <name> on top of the fetched branch,
 	instead of merging the default branch from the default remote when
-	"git pull" is run.
-	*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
-	it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
-	for details).
+	"git pull" is run. See "pull.rebase" for doing this in a non
+	branch-specific manner.
++
+*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
+it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
+for details).
+
+branch.<name>.description::
+	Branch description, can be edited with
+	`git branch --edit-description`. Branch description is
+	automatically added in the format-patch cover letter or
+	request-pull summary.
 
 browser.<tool>.cmd::
 	Specify the command to invoke the specified browser. The
@@ -815,6 +907,53 @@
 	`never` if you prefer git commands not to use color unless enabled
 	explicitly with some other configuration or the `--color` option.
 
+column.ui::
+	Specify whether supported commands should output in columns.
+	This variable consists of a list of tokens separated by spaces
+	or commas:
++
+--
+`always`;;
+	always show in columns
+`never`;;
+	never show in columns
+`auto`;;
+	show in columns if the output is to the terminal
+`column`;;
+	fill columns before rows (default)
+`row`;;
+	fill rows before columns
+`plain`;;
+	show in one column
+`dense`;;
+	make unequal size columns to utilize more space
+`nodense`;;
+	make equal size columns
+--
++
+This option defaults to 'never'.
+
+column.branch::
+	Specify whether to output branch listing in `git branch` in columns.
+	See `column.ui` for details.
+
+column.status::
+	Specify whether to output untracked files in `git status` in columns.
+	See `column.ui` for details.
+
+column.tag::
+	Specify whether to output tag listing in `git tag` in columns.
+	See `column.ui` for details.
+
+commit.cleanup::
+	This setting overrides the default of the `--cleanup` option in
+	`git commit`. See linkgit:git-commit[1] for details. Changing the
+	default can be useful when you always want to keep lines that begin
+	with comment character `#` in your log message, in which case you
+	would do `git config commit.cleanup whitespace` (note that you will
+	have to remove the help lines that begin with `#` in the commit log
+	template yourself, if you do this).
+
 commit.status::
 	A boolean to enable/disable inclusion of status information in the
 	commit message template when using an editor to prepare the commit
@@ -822,9 +961,32 @@
 
 commit.template::
 	Specify a file to use as the template for new commit messages.
-	"{tilde}/" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "{tilde}user/" to the
+	"`~/`" is expanded to the value of `$HOME` and "`~user/`" to the
 	specified user's home directory.
 
+credential.helper::
+	Specify an external helper to be called when a username or
+	password credential is needed; the helper may consult external
+	storage to avoid prompting the user for the credentials. See
+	linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for details.
+
+credential.useHttpPath::
+	When acquiring credentials, consider the "path" component of an http
+	or https URL to be important. Defaults to false. See
+	linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for more information.
+
+credential.username::
+	If no username is set for a network authentication, use this username
+	by default. See credential.<context>.* below, and
+	linkgit:gitcredentials[7].
+
+credential.<url>.*::
+	Any of the credential.* options above can be applied selectively to
+	some credentials. For example "credential.https://example.com.username"
+	would set the default username only for https connections to
+	example.com. See linkgit:gitcredentials[7] for details on how URLs are
+	matched.
+
 include::diff-config.txt[]
 
 difftool.<tool>.path::
@@ -842,12 +1004,6 @@
 difftool.prompt::
 	Prompt before each invocation of the diff tool.
 
-diff.wordRegex::
-	A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
-	when performing word-by-word difference calculations.  Character
-	sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
-	characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
-
 fetch.recurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be either set to a boolean value or to 'on-demand'.
 	Setting it to a boolean changes the behavior of fetch and pull to
@@ -924,7 +1080,7 @@
 	a boolean value, or `shallow` or `deep`.  `shallow` threading
 	makes every mail a reply to the head of the series,
 	where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
-	`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.
+	`--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.
 	`deep` threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
 	A true boolean value is the same as `shallow`, and a false
 	value disables threading.
@@ -1091,8 +1247,27 @@
 grep.lineNumber::
 	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
 
+grep.patternType::
+	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
+	'--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
+
 grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default.
+	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+	other than 'default'.
+
+gpg.program::
+	Use this custom program instead of "gpg" found on $PATH when
+	making or verifying a PGP signature. The program must support the
+	same command line interface as GPG, namely, to verify a detached
+	signature, "gpg --verify $file - <$signature" is run, and the
+	program is expected to signal a good signature by exiting with
+	code 0, and to generate an ascii-armored detached signature, the
+	standard input of "gpg -bsau $key" is fed with the contents to be
+	signed, and the program is expected to send the result to its
+	standard output.
 
 gui.commitmsgwidth::
 	Defines how wide the commit message window is in the
@@ -1217,10 +1392,17 @@
 	value is 0 - the command will be just shown but not executed.
 	This is the default.
 
+help.htmlpath::
+	Specify the path where the HTML documentation resides. File system paths
+	and URLs are supported. HTML pages will be prefixed with this path when
+	help is displayed in the 'web' format. This defaults to the documentation
+	path of your Git installation.
+
 http.proxy::
-	Override the HTTP proxy, normally configured using the 'http_proxy'
-	environment variable (see linkgit:curl[1]).  This can be overridden
-	on a per-remote basis; see remote.<name>.proxy
+	Override the HTTP proxy, normally configured using the 'http_proxy',
+	'https_proxy', and 'all_proxy' environment variables (see
+	`curl(1)`).  This can be overridden on a per-remote basis; see
+	remote.<name>.proxy
 
 http.cookiefile::
 	File containing previously stored cookie lines which should be used
@@ -1343,7 +1525,7 @@
 interactive.singlekey::
 	In interactive commands, allow the user to provide one-letter
 	input with a single key (i.e., without hitting enter).
-	Currently this is used by the `\--patch` mode of
+	Currently this is used by the `--patch` mode of
 	linkgit:git-add[1], linkgit:git-checkout[1], linkgit:git-commit[1],
 	linkgit:git-reset[1], and linkgit:git-stash[1]. Note that this
 	setting is silently ignored if portable keystroke input
@@ -1351,13 +1533,13 @@
 
 log.abbrevCommit::
 	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
-	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `\--abbrev-commit`. You may
-	override this option with `\--no-abbrev-commit`.
+	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--abbrev-commit`. You may
+	override this option with `--no-abbrev-commit`.
 
 log.date::
 	Set the default date-time mode for the 'log' command.
 	Setting a value for log.date is similar to using 'git log''s
-	`\--date` option.  Possible values are `relative`, `local`,
+	`--date` option.  Possible values are `relative`, `local`,
 	`default`, `iso`, `rfc`, and `short`; see linkgit:git-log[1]
 	for details.
 
@@ -1374,6 +1556,10 @@
 	Tools like linkgit:git-log[1] or linkgit:git-whatchanged[1], which
 	normally hide the root commit will now show it. True by default.
 
+log.mailmap::
+	If true, makes linkgit:git-log[1], linkgit:git-show[1], and
+	linkgit:git-whatchanged[1] assume `--use-mailmap`.
+
 mailmap.file::
 	The location of an augmenting mailmap file. The default
 	mailmap, located in the root of the repository, is loaded
@@ -1382,6 +1568,14 @@
 	subdirectory, or somewhere outside of the repository itself.
 	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1].
 
+mailmap.blob::
+	Like `mailmap.file`, but consider the value as a reference to a
+	blob in the repository. If both `mailmap.file` and
+	`mailmap.blob` are given, both are parsed, with entries from
+	`mailmap.file` taking precedence. In a bare repository, this
+	defaults to `HEAD:.mailmap`. In a non-bare repository, it
+	defaults to empty.
+
 man.viewer::
 	Specify the programs that may be used to display help in the
 	'man' format. See linkgit:git-help[1].
@@ -1547,18 +1741,18 @@
 	and this config option ignored whenever the corresponding pack is
 	larger than 2 GB.
 +
-If you have an old git that does not understand the version 2 `{asterisk}.idx` file,
+If you have an old git that does not understand the version 2 `*.idx` file,
 cloning or fetching over a non native protocol (e.g. "http" and "rsync")
-that will copy both `{asterisk}.pack` file and corresponding `{asterisk}.idx` file from the
+that will copy both `*.pack` file and corresponding `*.idx` file from the
 other side may give you a repository that cannot be accessed with your
-older version of git. If the `{asterisk}.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
+older version of git. If the `*.pack` file is smaller than 2 GB, however,
 you can use linkgit:git-index-pack[1] on the *.pack file to regenerate
-the `{asterisk}.idx` file.
+the `*.idx` file.
 
 pack.packSizeLimit::
 	The maximum size of a pack.  This setting only affects
 	packing to a file when repacking, i.e. the git:// protocol
-	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `\--max-pack-size`
+	is unaffected.  It can be overridden by the `--max-pack-size`
 	option of linkgit:git-repack[1]. The minimum size allowed is
 	limited to 1 MiB. The default is unlimited.
 	Common unit suffixes of 'k', 'm', or 'g' are
@@ -1568,8 +1762,8 @@
 	If the value is boolean, turns on or off pagination of the
 	output of a particular git subcommand when writing to a tty.
 	Otherwise, turns on pagination for the subcommand using the
-	pager specified by the value of `pager.<cmd>`.  If `\--paginate`
-	or `\--no-pager` is specified on the command line, it takes
+	pager specified by the value of `pager.<cmd>`.  If `--paginate`
+	or `--no-pager` is specified on the command line, it takes
 	precedence over this option.  To disable pagination for all
 	commands, set `core.pager` or `GIT_PAGER` to `cat`.
 
@@ -1577,12 +1771,22 @@
 	Alias for a --pretty= format string, as specified in
 	linkgit:git-log[1]. Any aliases defined here can be used just
 	as the built-in pretty formats could. For example,
-	running `git config pretty.changelog "format:{asterisk} %H %s"`
+	running `git config pretty.changelog "format:* %H %s"`
 	would cause the invocation `git log --pretty=changelog`
-	to be equivalent to running `git log "--pretty=format:{asterisk} %H %s"`.
+	to be equivalent to running `git log "--pretty=format:* %H %s"`.
 	Note that an alias with the same name as a built-in format
 	will be silently ignored.
 
+pull.rebase::
+	When true, rebase branches on top of the fetched branch, instead
+	of merging the default branch from the default remote when "git
+	pull" is run. See "branch.<name>.rebase" for setting this on a
+	per-branch basis.
++
+*NOTE*: this is a possibly dangerous operation; do *not* use
+it unless you understand the implications (see linkgit:git-rebase[1]
+for details).
+
 pull.octopus::
 	The default merge strategy to use when pulling multiple branches
 	at once.
@@ -1596,13 +1800,33 @@
 	no refspec is implied by any of the options given on the command
 	line. Possible values are:
 +
+--
 * `nothing` - do not push anything.
-* `matching` - push all matching branches.
-  All branches having the same name in both ends are considered to be
-  matching. This is the default.
+* `matching` - push all branches having the same name in both ends.
+  This is for those who prepare all the branches into a publishable
+  shape and then push them out with a single command.  It is not
+  appropriate for pushing into a repository shared by multiple users,
+  since locally stalled branches will attempt a non-fast forward push
+  if other users updated the branch.
+  +
+  This is currently the default, but Git 2.0 will change the default
+  to `simple`.
 * `upstream` - push the current branch to its upstream branch.
-* `tracking` - deprecated synonym for `upstream`.
+  With this, `git push` will update the same remote ref as the one which
+  is merged by `git pull`, making `push` and `pull` symmetrical.
+  See "branch.<name>.merge" for how to configure the upstream branch.
+* `simple` - like `upstream`, but refuses to push if the upstream
+  branch's name is different from the local one. This is the safest
+  option and is well-suited for beginners. It will become the default
+  in Git 2.0.
 * `current` - push the current branch to a branch of the same name.
+--
++
+The `simple`, `current` and `upstream` modes are for those who want to
+push out a single branch after finishing work, even when the other
+branches are not yet ready to be pushed out. If you are working with
+other people to push into the same shared repository, you would want
+to use one of these.
 
 rebase.stat::
 	Whether to show a diffstat of what changed upstream since the last
@@ -1682,7 +1906,7 @@
 
 remote.<name>.mirror::
 	If true, pushing to this remote will automatically behave
-	as if the `\--mirror` option was given on the command line.
+	as if the `--mirror` option was given on the command line.
 
 remote.<name>.skipDefaultUpdate::
 	If true, this remote will be skipped by default when updating
@@ -1733,10 +1957,11 @@
 
 rerere.enabled::
 	Activate recording of resolved conflicts, so that identical
-	conflict hunks can be resolved automatically, should they
-	be encountered again.  linkgit:git-rerere[1] command is by
-	default enabled if you create `rr-cache` directory under
-	`$GIT_DIR`, but can be disabled by setting this option to false.
+	conflict hunks can be resolved automatically, should they be
+	encountered again.  By default, linkgit:git-rerere[1] is
+	enabled if there is an `rr-cache` directory under the
+	`$GIT_DIR`, e.g. if "rerere" was previously used in the
+	repository.
 
 sendemail.identity::
 	A configuration identity. When given, causes values in the
@@ -1829,6 +2054,12 @@
 	URL and other values found in the `.gitmodules` file.  See
 	linkgit:git-submodule[1] and linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
 
+submodule.<name>.branch::
+	The remote branch name for a submodule, used by `git submodule
+	update --remote`.  Set this option to override the value found in
+	the `.gitmodules` file.  See linkgit:git-submodule[1] and
+	linkgit:gitmodules[5] for details.
+
 submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
 	submodule. It can be overridden by using the --[no-]recurse-submodules
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-config.txt b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
index 1aed79e..4314ad0 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-config.txt
@@ -52,6 +52,14 @@
 and accumulating child directory counts in the parent directories:
 `files,10,cumulative`.
 
+diff.statGraphWidth::
+	Limit the width of the graph part in --stat output. If set, applies
+	to all commands generating --stat output except format-patch.
+
+diff.context::
+	Generate diffs with <n> lines of context instead of the default
+	of 3. This value is overridden by the -U option.
+
 diff.external::
 	If this config variable is set, diff generation is not
 	performed using the internal diff machinery, but using the
@@ -99,6 +107,19 @@
 	A boolean to inhibit the standard behavior of printing a space
 	before each empty output line. Defaults to false.
 
+diff.submodule::
+	Specify the format in which differences in submodules are
+	shown.  The "log" format lists the commits in the range like
+	linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.  The "short" format
+	format just shows the names of the commits at the beginning
+	and end of the range.  Defaults to short.
+
+diff.wordRegex::
+	A POSIX Extended Regular Expression used to determine what is a "word"
+	when performing word-by-word difference calculations.  Character
+	sequences that match the regular expression are "words", all other
+	characters are *ignorable* whitespace.
+
 diff.<driver>.command::
 	The custom diff driver command.  See linkgit:gitattributes[5]
 	for details.
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
index c57460c..55f499a 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-generate-patch.txt
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@
 from both files (hence two `-` removals from both file1 and
 file2, plus `++` to mean one line that was added does not appear
 in either file1 nor file2).  Also eight other lines are the same
-from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with `{plus}`).
+from file1 but do not appear in file2 (hence prefixed with `+`).
 
 When shown by `git diff-tree -c`, it compares the parents of a
 merge commit with the merge result (i.e. file1..fileN are the
diff --git a/Documentation/diff-options.txt b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
index 08b581f..39f2c50 100644
--- a/Documentation/diff-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/diff-options.txt
@@ -52,20 +52,29 @@
 --patience::
 	Generate a diff using the "patience diff" algorithm.
 
+--histogram::
+	Generate a diff using the "histogram diff" algorithm.
+
 --stat[=<width>[,<name-width>[,<count>]]]::
-	Generate a diffstat.  You can override the default
-	output width for 80-column terminal by `--stat=<width>`.
-	The width of the filename part can be controlled by
-	giving another width to it separated by a comma.
+	Generate a diffstat. By default, as much space as necessary
+	will be used for the filename part, and the rest for the graph
+	part. Maximum width defaults to terminal width, or 80 columns
+	if not connected to a terminal, and can be overridden by
+	`<width>`. The width of the filename part can be limited by
+	giving another width `<name-width>` after a comma. The width
+	of the graph part can be limited by using
+	`--stat-graph-width=<width>` (affects all commands generating
+	a stat graph) or by setting `diff.statGraphWidth=<width>`
+	(does not affect `git format-patch`).
 	By giving a third parameter `<count>`, you can limit the
-	output to the first `<count>` lines, followed by
-	`...` if there are more.
+	output to the first `<count>` lines, followed by `...` if
+	there are more.
 +
 These parameters can also be set individually with `--stat-width=<width>`,
 `--stat-name-width=<name-width>` and `--stat-count=<count>`.
 
 --numstat::
-	Similar to `\--stat`, but shows number of added and
+	Similar to `--stat`, but shows number of added and
 	deleted lines in decimal notation and pathname without
 	abbreviation, to make it more machine friendly.  For
 	binary files, outputs two `-` instead of saying
@@ -156,11 +165,13 @@
 	of the `--diff-filter` option on what the status letters mean.
 
 --submodule[=<format>]::
-	Chose the output format for submodule differences. <format> can be one of
-	'short' and 'log'. 'short' just shows pairs of commit names, this format
-	is used when this option is not given. 'log' is the default value for this
-	option and lists the commits in that commit range like the 'summary'
-	option of linkgit:git-submodule[1] does.
+	Specify how differences in submodules are shown.  When `--submodule`
+	or `--submodule=log` is given, the 'log' format is used.  This format lists
+	the commits in the range like linkgit:git-submodule[1] `summary` does.
+	Omitting the `--submodule` option or specifying `--submodule=short`,
+	uses the 'short' format. This format just shows the names of the commits
+	at the beginning and end of the range.  Can be tweaked via the
+	`diff.submodule` configuration variable.
 
 --color[=<when>]::
 	Show colored diff.
@@ -298,7 +309,11 @@
 	index (i.e. amount of addition/deletions compared to the
 	file's size). For example, `-M90%` means git should consider a
 	delete/add pair to be a rename if more than 90% of the file
-	hasn't changed.
+	hasn't changed.  Without a `%` sign, the number is to be read as
+	a fraction, with a decimal point before it.  I.e., `-M5` becomes
+	0.5, and is thus the same as `-M50%`.  Similarly, `-M05` is
+	the same as `-M5%`.  To limit detection to exact renames, use
+	`-M100%`.
 
 -C[<n>]::
 --find-copies[=<n>]::
@@ -413,6 +428,7 @@
 	Show whole surrounding functions of changes.
 
 ifndef::git-format-patch[]
+ifndef::git-log[]
 --exit-code::
 	Make the program exit with codes similar to diff(1).
 	That is, it exits with 1 if there were differences and
@@ -420,6 +436,7 @@
 
 --quiet::
 	Disable all output of the program. Implies `--exit-code`.
+endif::git-log[]
 endif::git-format-patch[]
 
 --ext-diff::
diff --git a/Documentation/everyday.txt b/Documentation/everyday.txt
index ae413e5..048337b 100644
--- a/Documentation/everyday.txt
+++ b/Documentation/everyday.txt
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@
 <9> switch to the master branch.
 <10> merge a topic branch into your master branch.
 <11> review commit logs; other forms to limit output can be
-combined and include `\--max-count=10` (show 10 commits),
-`\--until=2005-12-10`, etc.
+combined and include `--max-count=10` (show 10 commits),
+`--until=2005-12-10`, etc.
 <12> view only the changes that touch what's in `curses/`
 directory, since `v2.43` tag.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
index 39d326a..9cb6496 100644
--- a/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/fetch-options.txt
@@ -8,9 +8,14 @@
 	option old data in `.git/FETCH_HEAD` will be overwritten.
 
 --depth=<depth>::
-	Deepen the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
+	Deepen or shorten the history of a 'shallow' repository created by
 	`git clone` with `--depth=<depth>` option (see linkgit:git-clone[1])
-	by the specified number of commits.
+	to the specified number of commits from the tip of each remote
+	branch history. Tags for the deepened commits are not fetched.
+
+--unshallow::
+	Convert a shallow repository to a complete one, removing all
+	the limitations imposed by shallow repositories.
 
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 --dry-run::
@@ -56,14 +61,11 @@
 ifndef::git-pull[]
 -t::
 --tags::
-	Most of the tags are fetched automatically as branch
-	heads are downloaded, but tags that do not point at
-	objects reachable from the branch heads that are being
-	tracked will not be fetched by this mechanism.  This
-	flag lets all tags and their associated objects be
-	downloaded. The default behavior for a remote may be
-	specified with the remote.<name>.tagopt setting. See
-	linkgit:git-config[1].
+	This is a short-hand for giving "refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*"
+	refspec from the command line, to ask all tags to be fetched
+	and stored locally.  Because this acts as an explicit
+	refspec, the default refspecs (configured with the
+	remote.$name.fetch variable) are overridden and not used.
 
 --recurse-submodules[=yes|on-demand|no]::
 	This option controls if and under what conditions new commits of
diff --git a/Documentation/git-add.txt b/Documentation/git-add.txt
index 9c1d395..5333559 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-add.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-add.txt
@@ -107,9 +107,10 @@
 	from the index if the corresponding files in the working tree
 	have been removed.
 +
-If no <filepattern> is given, default to "."; in other words,
-update all tracked files in the current directory and its
-subdirectories.
+If no <filepattern> is given, the current version of Git defaults to
+"."; in other words, update all tracked files in the current directory
+and its subdirectories. This default will change in a future version
+of Git, hence the form without <filepattern> should not be used.
 
 -A::
 --all::
@@ -155,7 +156,7 @@
 The optional configuration variable `core.excludesfile` indicates a path to a
 file containing patterns of file names to exclude from git-add, similar to
 $GIT_DIR/info/exclude.  Patterns in the exclude file are used in addition to
-those in info/exclude.  See linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5].
+those in info/exclude.  See linkgit:gitignore[5].
 
 
 EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-am.txt b/Documentation/git-am.txt
index 887466d..19d57a8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-am.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-am.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 	 [--3way] [--interactive] [--committer-date-is-author-date]
 	 [--ignore-date] [--ignore-space-change | --ignore-whitespace]
 	 [--whitespace=<option>] [-C<n>] [-p<n>] [--directory=<dir>]
-	 [--exclude=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
+	 [--exclude=<path>] [--include=<path>] [--reject] [-q | --quiet]
 	 [--scissors | --no-scissors]
 	 [(<mbox> | <Maildir>)...]
 'git am' (--continue | --skip | --abort)
@@ -40,6 +40,9 @@
 --keep::
 	Pass `-k` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
 
+--keep-non-patch::
+	Pass `-b` flag to 'git mailinfo' (see linkgit:git-mailinfo[1]).
+
 --keep-cr::
 --no-keep-cr::
 	With `--keep-cr`, call 'git mailsplit' (see linkgit:git-mailsplit[1])
@@ -89,6 +92,7 @@
 -p<n>::
 --directory=<dir>::
 --exclude=<path>::
+--include=<path>::
 --reject::
 	These flags are passed to the 'git apply' (see linkgit:git-apply[1])
 	program that applies
diff --git a/Documentation/git-apply.txt b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
index afd2c9a..634b84e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-apply.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-apply.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index]
+'git apply' [--stat] [--numstat] [--summary] [--check] [--index] [--3way]
 	  [--apply] [--no-add] [--build-fake-ancestor=<file>] [-R | --reverse]
 	  [--allow-binary-replacement | --binary] [--reject] [-z]
 	  [-p<n>] [-C<n>] [--inaccurate-eof] [--recount] [--cached]
@@ -72,6 +72,15 @@
 	cached data, apply the patch, and store the result in the index
 	without using the working tree. This implies `--index`.
 
+-3::
+--3way::
+	When the patch does not apply cleanly, fall back on 3-way merge if
+	the patch records the identity of blobs it is supposed to apply to,
+	and we have those blobs available locally, possibly leaving the
+	conflict markers in the files in the working tree for the user to
+	resolve.  This option implies the `--index` option, and is incompatible
+	with the `--reject` and the `--cached` options.
+
 --build-fake-ancestor=<file>::
 	Newer 'git diff' output has embedded 'index information'
 	for each blob to help identify the original version that
diff --git a/Documentation/git-archive.txt b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
index ac7006e..59d73e5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-archive.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-archive.txt
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@
 
 	Same as above, but the format is inferred from the output file.
 
-`git archive --format=tar --prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0{caret}\{tree\} | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz`::
+`git archive --format=tar --prefix=git-1.4.0/ v1.4.0^{tree} | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz`::
 
 	Create a compressed tarball for v1.4.0 release, but without a
 	global extended pax header.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
index 8a2ba37..ec4497e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bisect-lk2009.txt
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@
 
     Linux 2.6.26-rc1
 
-:100644 100644 5cf8258195331a4dbdddff08b8d68642638eea57 4492984efc09ab72ff6219a7bc21fb6a957c4cd5 M      Makefile
+:100644 100644 5cf82581... 4492984e... M      Makefile
 -------------
 
 At this point we can see what the commit does, check it out (if it's
@@ -331,7 +331,7 @@
 
     Linux 2.6.26-rc1
 
-:100644 100644 5cf8258195331a4dbdddff08b8d68642638eea57 4492984efc09ab72ff6219a7bc21fb6a957c4cd5 M      Makefile
+:100644 100644 5cf82581... 4492984e... M      Makefile
 bisect run success
 -------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-blame.txt b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
index 9516914..e44173f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-blame.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-blame.txt
@@ -20,6 +20,12 @@
 
 The command can also limit the range of lines annotated.
 
+The origin of lines is automatically followed across whole-file
+renames (currently there is no option to turn the rename-following
+off). To follow lines moved from one file to another, or to follow
+lines that were copied and pasted from another file, etc., see the
+`-C` and `-M` options.
+
 The report does not tell you anything about lines which have been deleted or
 replaced; you need to use a tool such as 'git diff' or the "pickaxe"
 interface briefly mentioned in the following paragraph.
@@ -160,7 +166,7 @@
 	git log --diff-filter=A --pretty=short -- foo
 
 and then annotate the change between the commit and its
-parents, using `commit{caret}!` notation:
+parents, using `commit^!` notation:
 
 	git blame -C -C -f $commit^! -- foo
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
index f46013c..45a225e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-branch.txt
@@ -10,10 +10,14 @@
 [verse]
 'git branch' [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [-r | -a]
 	[--list] [-v [--abbrev=<length> | --no-abbrev]]
+	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column]
 	[(--merged | --no-merged | --contains) [<commit>]] [<pattern>...]
 'git branch' [--set-upstream | --track | --no-track] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]
+'git branch' (--set-upstream-to=<upstream> | -u <upstream>) [<branchname>]
+'git branch' --unset-upstream [<branchname>]
 'git branch' (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>
 'git branch' (-d | -D) [-r] <branchname>...
+'git branch' --edit-description [<branchname>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -23,8 +27,8 @@
 branches to be listed, and option `-a` shows both. This list mode is also
 activated by the `--list` option (see below).
 <pattern> restricts the output to matching branches, the pattern is a shell
-wildcard (i.e., matched using fnmatch(3))
-Multiple patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the tag is shown.
+wildcard (i.e., matched using fnmatch(3)).
+Multiple patterns may be given; if any of them matches, the branch is shown.
 
 With `--contains`, shows only the branches that contain the named commit
 (in other words, the branches whose tip commits are descendants of the
@@ -46,9 +50,9 @@
 the remote-tracking branch. This behavior may be changed via the global
 `branch.autosetupmerge` configuration flag. That setting can be
 overridden by using the `--track` and `--no-track` options, and
-changed later using `git branch --set-upstream`.
+changed later using `git branch --set-upstream-to`.
 
-With a '-m' or '-M' option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
+With a `-m` or `-M` option, <oldbranch> will be renamed to <newbranch>.
 If <oldbranch> had a corresponding reflog, it is renamed to match
 <newbranch>, and a reflog entry is created to remember the branch
 renaming. If <newbranch> exists, -M must be used to force the rename
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@
 specify more than one branch for deletion.  If the branch currently
 has a reflog then the reflog will also be deleted.
 
-Use -r together with -d to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
+Use `-r` together with `-d` to delete remote-tracking branches. Note, that it
 only makes sense to delete remote-tracking branches if they no longer exist
 in the remote repository or if 'git fetch' was configured not to fetch
 them again. See also the 'prune' subcommand of linkgit:git-remote[1] for a
@@ -106,6 +110,14 @@
 	default to color output.
 	Same as `--color=never`.
 
+--column[=<options>]::
+--no-column::
+	Display branch listing in columns. See configuration variable
+	column.branch for option syntax.`--column` and `--no-column`
+	without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never' respectively.
++
+This option is only applicable in non-verbose mode.
+
 -r::
 --remotes::
 	List or delete (if used with -d) the remote-tracking branches.
@@ -119,11 +131,18 @@
 	use `git branch --list <pattern>` to list matching branches.
 
 -v::
+-vv::
 --verbose::
 	When in list mode,
 	show sha1 and commit subject line for each head, along with
 	relationship to upstream branch (if any). If given twice, print
-	the name of the upstream branch, as well.
+	the name of the upstream branch, as well (see also `git remote
+	show <remote>`).
+
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Be more quiet when creating or deleting a branch, suppressing
+	non-error messages.
 
 --abbrev=<length>::
 	Alter the sha1's minimum display length in the output listing.
@@ -153,13 +172,28 @@
 	branch.autosetupmerge configuration variable is true.
 
 --set-upstream::
-	If specified branch does not exist yet or if '--force' has been
-	given, acts exactly like '--track'. Otherwise sets up configuration
-	like '--track' would when creating the branch, except that where
+	If specified branch does not exist yet or if `--force` has been
+	given, acts exactly like `--track`. Otherwise sets up configuration
+	like `--track` would when creating the branch, except that where
 	branch points to is not changed.
 
---contains <commit>::
-	Only list branches which contain the specified commit.
+-u <upstream>::
+--set-upstream-to=<upstream>::
+	Set up <branchname>'s tracking information so <upstream> is
+	considered <branchname>'s upstream branch. If no <branchname>
+	is specified, then it defaults to the current branch.
+
+--unset-upstream::
+	Remove the upstream information for <branchname>. If no branch
+	is specified it defaults to the current branch.
+
+--edit-description::
+	Open an editor and edit the text to explain what the branch is
+	for, to be used by various other commands (e.g. `request-pull`).
+
+--contains [<commit>]::
+	Only list branches which contain the specified commit (HEAD
+	if not specified).
 
 --merged [<commit>]::
 	Only list branches whose tips are reachable from the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
index 92b01ec2..bc023cc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-bundle.txt
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@
 	A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
 	'git rev-list' (and containing a named ref, see SPECIFYING REFERENCES
 	below), that specifies the specific objects and references
-	to transport.  For example, `master{tilde}10..master` causes the
+	to transport.  For example, `master~10..master` causes the
 	current master reference to be packaged along with all objects
 	added since its 10th ancestor commit.  There is no explicit
 	limit to the number of references and objects that may be
@@ -80,12 +80,12 @@
 
 'git bundle' will only package references that are shown by
 'git show-ref': this includes heads, tags, and remote heads.  References
-such as `master{tilde}1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
+such as `master~1` cannot be packaged, but are perfectly suitable for
 defining the basis.  More than one reference may be packaged, and more
 than one basis can be specified.  The objects packaged are those not
 contained in the union of the given bases.  Each basis can be
-specified explicitly (e.g. `^master{tilde}10`), or implicitly (e.g.
-`master{tilde}10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
+specified explicitly (e.g. `^master~10`), or implicitly (e.g.
+`master~10..master`, `--since=10.days.ago master`).
 
 It is very important that the basis used be held by the destination.
 It is okay to err on the side of caution, causing the bundle file
@@ -112,13 +112,12 @@
 machineA$ git tag -f lastR2bundle master
 ----------------
 
-Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. If you are creating
-the repository on machine B, then you can clone from the bundle as if it
-were a remote repository instead of creating an empty repository and then
-pulling or fetching objects from the bundle:
+Then you transfer file.bundle to the target machine B. Because this
+bundle does not require any existing object to be extracted, you can
+create a new repository on machine B by cloning from it:
 
 ----------------
-machineB$ git clone /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2
+machineB$ git clone -b master /home/me/tmp/file.bundle R2
 ----------------
 
 This will define a remote called "origin" in the resulting repository that
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..854e4d0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ignore.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+git-check-ignore(1)
+===================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-check-ignore - Debug gitignore / exclude files
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git check-ignore' [options] pathname...
+'git check-ignore' [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+For each pathname given via the command-line or from a file via
+`--stdin`, show the pattern from .gitignore (or other input files to
+the exclude mechanism) that decides if the pathname is excluded or
+included.  Later patterns within a file take precedence over earlier
+ones.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-q, --quiet::
+	Don't output anything, just set exit status.  This is only
+	valid with a single pathname.
+
+-v, --verbose::
+	Also output details about the matching pattern (if any)
+	for each given pathname.
+
+--stdin::
+	Read file names from stdin instead of from the command-line.
+
+-z::
+	The output format is modified to be machine-parseable (see
+	below).  If `--stdin` is also given, input paths are separated
+	with a NUL character instead of a linefeed character.
+
+OUTPUT
+------
+
+By default, any of the given pathnames which match an ignore pattern
+will be output, one per line.  If no pattern matches a given path,
+nothing will be output for that path; this means that path will not be
+ignored.
+
+If `--verbose` is specified, the output is a series of lines of the form:
+
+<source> <COLON> <linenum> <COLON> <pattern> <HT> <pathname>
+
+<pathname> is the path of a file being queried, <pattern> is the
+matching pattern, <source> is the pattern's source file, and <linenum>
+is the line number of the pattern within that source.  If the pattern
+contained a `!` prefix or `/` suffix, it will be preserved in the
+output.  <source> will be an absolute path when referring to the file
+configured by `core.excludesfile`, or relative to the repository root
+when referring to `.git/info/exclude` or a per-directory exclude file.
+
+If `-z` is specified, the pathnames in the output are delimited by the
+null character; if `--verbose` is also specified then null characters
+are also used instead of colons and hard tabs:
+
+<source> <NULL> <linenum> <NULL> <pattern> <NULL> <pathname> <NULL>
+
+
+EXIT STATUS
+-----------
+
+0::
+	One or more of the provided paths is ignored.
+
+1::
+	None of the provided paths are ignored.
+
+128::
+	A fatal error was encountered.
+
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitignore[5]
+linkgit:gitconfig[5]
+linkgit:git-ls-files[5]
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
index 103e7b1..98009d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt
@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@
 
 . They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
   values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
-  caret `{caret}`, or colon `:` anywhere.
+  caret `^`, or colon `:` anywhere.
 
-. They cannot have question-mark `?`, asterisk `{asterisk}`, or open
+. They cannot have question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`, or open
   bracket `[` anywhere.  See the `--refspec-pattern` option below for
   an exception to this rule.
 
@@ -62,10 +62,10 @@
 reference name expressions (see linkgit:gitrevisions[7]):
 
 . A double-dot `..` is often used as in `ref1..ref2`, and in some
-  contexts this notation means `{caret}ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
+  contexts this notation means `^ref1 ref2` (i.e. not in
   `ref1` and in `ref2`).
 
-. A tilde `~` and caret `{caret}` are used to introduce the postfix
+. A tilde `~` and caret `^` are used to introduce the postfix
   'nth parent' and 'peel onion' operation.
 
 . A colon `:` is used as in `srcref:dstref` to mean "use srcref\'s
@@ -92,9 +92,9 @@
 --refspec-pattern::
 	Interpret <refname> as a reference name pattern for a refspec
 	(as used with remote repositories).  If this option is
-	enabled, <refname> is allowed to contain a single `{asterisk}`
+	enabled, <refname> is allowed to contain a single `*`
 	in place of a one full pathname component (e.g.,
-	`foo/{asterisk}/bar` but not `foo/bar{asterisk}`).
+	`foo/*/bar` but not `foo/bar*`).
 
 --normalize::
 	Normalize 'refname' by removing any leading slash (`/`)
diff --git a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
index c0a96e6..6f04d22 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-checkout.txt
@@ -21,18 +21,34 @@
 also update `HEAD` to set the specified branch as the current
 branch.
 
-'git checkout' [<branch>]::
-'git checkout' -b|-B <new_branch> [<start point>]::
-'git checkout' [--detach] [<commit>]::
-
-	This form switches branches by updating the index, working
-	tree, and HEAD to reflect the specified branch or commit.
+'git checkout' <branch>::
+	To prepare for working on <branch>, switch to it by updating
+	the index and the files in the working tree, and by pointing
+	HEAD at the branch. Local modifications to the files in the
+	working tree are kept, so that they can be committed to the
+	<branch>.
 +
-If `-b` is given, a new branch is created as if linkgit:git-branch[1]
-were called and then checked out; in this case you can
-use the `--track` or `--no-track` options, which will be passed to
-'git branch'.  As a convenience, `--track` without `-b` implies branch
-creation; see the description of `--track` below.
+If <branch> is not found but there does exist a tracking branch in
+exactly one remote (call it <remote>) with a matching name, treat as
+equivalent to
++
+------------
+$ git checkout -b <branch> --track <remote>/<branch>
+------------
++
+You could omit <branch>, in which case the command degenerates to
+"check out the current branch", which is a glorified no-op with a
+rather expensive side-effects to show only the tracking information,
+if exists, for the current branch.
+
+'git checkout' -b|-B <new_branch> [<start point>]::
+
+	Specifying `-b` causes a new branch to be created as if
+	linkgit:git-branch[1] were called and then checked out.  In
+	this case you can use the `--track` or `--no-track` options,
+	which will be passed to 'git branch'.  As a convenience,
+	`--track` without `-b` implies branch creation; see the
+	description of `--track` below.
 +
 If `-B` is given, <new_branch> is created if it doesn't exist; otherwise, it
 is reset. This is the transactional equivalent of
@@ -45,6 +61,21 @@
 that is to say, the branch is not reset/created unless "git checkout" is
 successful.
 
+'git checkout' --detach [<branch>]::
+'git checkout' <commit>::
+
+	Prepare to work on top of <commit>, by detaching HEAD at it
+	(see "DETACHED HEAD" section), and updating the index and the
+	files in the working tree.  Local modifications to the files
+	in the working tree are kept, so that the resulting working
+	tree will be the state recorded in the commit plus the local
+	modifications.
++
+Passing `--detach` forces this behavior in the case of a <branch> (without
+the option, giving a branch name to the command would check out the branch,
+instead of detaching HEAD at it), or the current commit,
+if no <branch> is specified.
+
 'git checkout' [-p|--patch] [<tree-ish>] [--] <pathspec>...::
 
 	When <paths> or `--patch` are given, 'git checkout' does *not*
@@ -84,11 +115,11 @@
 	When checking out paths from the index, check out stage #2
 	('ours') or #3 ('theirs') for unmerged paths.
 
--b::
+-b <new_branch>::
 	Create a new branch named <new_branch> and start it at
 	<start_point>; see linkgit:git-branch[1] for details.
 
--B::
+-B <new_branch>::
 	Creates the branch <new_branch> and start it at <start_point>;
 	if it already exists, then reset it to <start_point>. This is
 	equivalent to running "git branch" with "-f"; see
@@ -124,7 +155,7 @@
 	<commit> is not a branch name.  See the "DETACHED HEAD" section
 	below for details.
 
---orphan::
+--orphan <new_branch>::
 	Create a new 'orphan' branch, named <new_branch>, started from
 	<start_point> and switch to it.  The first commit made on this
 	new branch will have no parents and it will be the root of a new
@@ -184,7 +215,7 @@
 +
 This means that you can use `git checkout -p` to selectively discard
 edits from your current working tree. See the ``Interactive Mode''
-section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
+section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 
 <branch>::
 	Branch to checkout; if it refers to a branch (i.e., a name that,
@@ -193,11 +224,11 @@
 	commit, your HEAD becomes "detached" and you are no longer on
 	any branch (see below for details).
 +
-As a special case, the `"@\{-N\}"` syntax for the N-th last branch
+As a special case, the `"@{-N}"` syntax for the N-th last branch
 checks out the branch (instead of detaching).  You may also specify
-`-` which is synonymous with `"@\{-1\}"`.
+`-` which is synonymous with `"@{-1}"`.
 +
-As a further special case, you may use `"A\...B"` as a shortcut for the
+As a further special case, you may use `"A...B"` as a shortcut for the
 merge base of `A` and `B` if there is exactly one merge base. You can
 leave out at most one of `A` and `B`, in which case it defaults to `HEAD`.
 
@@ -367,6 +398,18 @@
 <2> take a file out of another commit
 <3> restore hello.c from the index
 +
+If you want to check out _all_ C source files out of the index,
+you can say
++
+------------
+$ git checkout -- '*.c'
+------------
++
+Note the quotes around `*.c`.  The file `hello.c` will also be
+checked out, even though it is no longer in the working tree,
+because the file globbing is used to match entries in the index
+(not in the working tree by the shell).
++
 If you have an unfortunate branch that is named `hello.c`, this
 step would be confused as an instruction to switch to that branch.
 You should instead write:
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
index 2660a84..c205d23 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cherry-pick.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git cherry-pick' [--edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] [-x] [--ff] <commit>...
-'git cherry-pick' --reset
 'git cherry-pick' --continue
+'git cherry-pick' --quit
+'git cherry-pick' --abort
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -46,7 +47,9 @@
 	linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
 	Sets of commits can be passed but no traversal is done by
 	default, as if the '--no-walk' option was specified, see
-	linkgit:git-rev-list[1].
+	linkgit:git-rev-list[1]. Note that specifying a range will
+	feed all <commit>... arguments to a single revision walk
+	(see a later example that uses 'maint master..next').
 
 -e::
 --edit::
@@ -102,6 +105,30 @@
 	cherry-pick'ed commit, then a fast forward to this commit will
 	be performed.
 
+--allow-empty::
+	By default, cherry-picking an empty commit will fail,
+	indicating that an explicit invocation of `git commit
+	--allow-empty` is required. This option overrides that
+	behavior, allowing empty commits to be preserved automatically
+	in a cherry-pick. Note that when "--ff" is in effect, empty
+	commits that meet the "fast-forward" requirement will be kept
+	even without this option.  Note also, that use of this option only
+	keeps commits that were initially empty (i.e. the commit recorded the
+	same tree as its parent).  Commits which are made empty due to a
+	previous commit are dropped.  To force the inclusion of those commits
+	use `--keep-redundant-commits`.
+
+--allow-empty-message::
+	By default, cherry-picking a commit with an empty message will fail.
+	This option overrides that behaviour, allowing commits with empty
+	messages to be cherry picked.
+
+--keep-redundant-commits::
+	If a commit being cherry picked duplicates a commit already in the
+	current history, it will become empty.  By default these
+	redundant commits are ignored.  This option overrides that behavior and
+	creates an empty commit object.  Implies `--allow-empty`.
+
 --strategy=<strategy>::
 	Use the given merge strategy.  Should only be used once.
 	See the MERGE STRATEGIES section in linkgit:git-merge[1]
@@ -129,7 +156,16 @@
 	Apply the changes introduced by all commits that are ancestors
 	of master but not of HEAD to produce new commits.
 
-`git cherry-pick master{tilde}4 master{tilde}2`::
+`git cherry-pick maint next ^master`::
+`git cherry-pick maint master..next`::
+
+	Apply the changes introduced by all commits that are
+	ancestors of maint or next, but not master or any of its
+	ancestors.  Note that the latter does not mean `maint` and
+	everything between `master` and `next`; specifically,
+	`maint` will not be used if it is included in `master`.
+
+`git cherry-pick master~4 master~2`::
 
 	Apply the changes introduced by the fifth and third last
 	commits pointed to by master and create 2 new commits with
@@ -150,7 +186,7 @@
 	are in next but not HEAD to the current branch, creating a new
 	commit for each new change.
 
-`git rev-list --reverse master \-- README | git cherry-pick -n --stdin`::
+`git rev-list --reverse master -- README | git cherry-pick -n --stdin`::
 
 	Apply the changes introduced by all commits on the master
 	branch that touched README to the working tree and index,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clean.txt b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
index 79fb984..9f42c0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clean.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clean.txt
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@
 	Remove only files ignored by git.  This may be useful to rebuild
 	everything from scratch, but keep manually created files.
 
+SEE ALSO
+--------
+linkgit:gitignore[5]
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-clone.txt b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
index 4b8b26b..7fefdb0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-clone.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-clone.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
 	  [-l] [-s] [--no-hardlinks] [-q] [-n] [--bare] [--mirror]
 	  [-o <name>] [-b <name>] [-u <upload-pack>] [--reference <repository>]
 	  [--separate-git-dir <git dir>]
-	  [--depth <depth>] [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
+	  [--depth <depth>] [--[no-]single-branch]
+	  [--recursive|--recurse-submodules] [--] <repository>
 	  [<directory>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -28,7 +29,8 @@
 After the clone, a plain `git fetch` without arguments will update
 all the remote-tracking branches, and a `git pull` without
 arguments will in addition merge the remote master branch into the
-current master branch, if any.
+current master branch, if any (this is untrue when "--single-branch"
+is given; see below).
 
 This default configuration is achieved by creating references to
 the remote branch heads under `refs/remotes/origin` and
@@ -45,13 +47,18 @@
 	mechanism and clones the repository by making a copy of
 	HEAD and everything under objects and refs directories.
 	The files under `.git/objects/` directory are hardlinked
-	to save space when possible.  This is now the default when
-	the source repository is specified with `/path/to/repo`
-	syntax, so it essentially is a no-op option.  To force
-	copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable
-	if you are trying to make a back-up of your repository),
-	but still avoid the usual "git aware" transport
-	mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
+	to save space when possible.
++
+If the repository is specified as a local path (e.g., `/path/to/repo`),
+this is the default, and --local is essentially a no-op.  If the
+repository is specified as a URL, then this flag is ignored (and we
+never use the local optimizations).  Specifying `--no-local` will
+override the default when `/path/to/repo` is given, using the regular
+git transport instead.
++
+To force copying instead of hardlinking (which may be desirable if you
+are trying to make a back-up of your repository), but still avoid the
+usual "git aware" transport mechanism, `--no-hardlinks` can be used.
 
 --no-hardlinks::
 	Optimize the cloning process from a repository on a
@@ -148,6 +155,8 @@
 	to by the cloned repository's HEAD, point to `<name>` branch
 	instead. In a non-bare repository, this is the branch that will
 	be checked out.
+	`--branch` can also take tags and detaches the HEAD at that commit
+	in the resulting repository.
 
 --upload-pack <upload-pack>::
 -u <upload-pack>::
@@ -179,6 +188,19 @@
 	with a long history, and would want to send in fixes
 	as patches.
 
+--single-branch::
+	Clone only the history leading to the tip of a single branch,
+	either specified by the `--branch` option or the primary
+	branch remote's `HEAD` points at. When creating a shallow
+	clone with the `--depth` option, this is the default, unless
+	`--no-single-branch` is given to fetch the histories near the
+	tips of all branches.
+	Further fetches into the resulting repository will only update the
+	remote-tracking branch for the branch this option was used for the
+	initial cloning.  If the HEAD at the remote did not point at any
+	branch when `--single-branch` clone was made, no remote-tracking
+	branch is created.
+
 --recursive::
 --recurse-submodules::
 	After the clone is created, initialize all submodules within,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-column.txt b/Documentation/git-column.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5d6f1cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-column.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+git-column(1)
+=============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-column - Display data in columns
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git column' [--command=<name>] [--[raw-]mode=<mode>] [--width=<width>]
+	     [--indent=<string>] [--nl=<string>] [--padding=<n>]
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This command formats its input into multiple columns.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+--command=<name>::
+	Look up layout mode using configuration variable column.<name> and
+	column.ui.
+
+--mode=<mode>::
+	Specify layout mode. See configuration variable column.ui for option
+	syntax.
+
+--raw-mode=<n>::
+	Same as --mode but take mode encoded as a number. This is mainly used
+	by other commands that have already parsed layout mode.
+
+--width=<width>::
+	Specify the terminal width. By default 'git column' will detect the
+	terminal width, or fall back to 80 if it is unable to do so.
+
+--indent=<string>::
+	String to be printed at the beginning of each line.
+
+--nl=<N>::
+	String to be printed at the end of each line,
+	including newline character.
+
+--padding=<N>::
+	The number of spaces between columns. One space by default.
+
+
+Author
+------
+Written by Nguyen Thai Ngoc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
index 02133d5..a221169 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit-tree.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,8 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent commit>)...] < changelog
+'git commit-tree' <tree> [(-p <parent>)...] < changelog
+'git commit-tree' [(-p <parent>)...] [(-m <message>)...] [(-F <file>)...] <tree>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -17,7 +18,8 @@
 linkgit:git-commit[1] instead.
 
 Creates a new commit object based on the provided tree object and
-emits the new commit object id on stdout.
+emits the new commit object id on stdout. The log message is read
+from the standard input, unless `-m` or `-F` options are given.
 
 A commit object may have any number of parents. With exactly one
 parent, it is an ordinary commit. Having more than one parent makes
@@ -39,9 +41,17 @@
 <tree>::
 	An existing tree object
 
--p <parent commit>::
+-p <parent>::
 	Each '-p' indicates the id of a parent commit object.
 
+-m <message>::
+	A paragraph in the commit log message. This can be given more than
+	once and each <message> becomes its own paragraph.
+
+-F <file>::
+	Read the commit log message from the given file. Use `-` to read
+	from the standard input.
+
 
 Commit Information
 ------------------
@@ -62,13 +72,13 @@
 	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
 	GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
 	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
-	EMAIL
 
 (nb "<", ">" and "\n"s are stripped)
 
 In case (some of) these environment variables are not set, the information
 is taken from the configuration items user.name and user.email, or, if not
-present, system user name and the hostname used for outgoing mail (taken
+present, the environment variable EMAIL, or, if that is not set,
+system user name and the hostname used for outgoing mail (taken
 from `/etc/mailname` and falling back to the fully qualified hostname when
 that file does not exist).
 
@@ -78,15 +88,6 @@
 
 include::date-formats.txt[]
 
-Diagnostics
------------
-You don't exist. Go away!::
-    The passwd(5) gecos field couldn't be read
-Your parents must have hated you!::
-    The passwd(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
-Your sysadmin must hate you!::
-    The passwd(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
-
 Discussion
 ----------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-commit.txt b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
index 5cc84a1..41b27da 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-commit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-commit.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 	   [-F <file> | -m <msg>] [--reset-author] [--allow-empty]
 	   [--allow-empty-message] [--no-verify] [-e] [--author=<author>]
 	   [--date=<date>] [--cleanup=<mode>] [--status | --no-status]
-	   [-i | -o] [--] [<file>...]
+	   [-i | -o] [-S[<keyid>]] [--] [<file>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 
 5. by using the --interactive or --patch switches with the 'commit' command
    to decide one by one which files or hunks should be part of the commit,
-   before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode`` section of
+   before finalizing the operation. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
    linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate these modes.
 
 The `--dry-run` option can be used to obtain a
@@ -101,12 +101,20 @@
 	When doing a dry-run, give the output in the short-format. See
 	linkgit:git-status[1] for details. Implies `--dry-run`.
 
+--branch::
+	Show the branch and tracking info even in short-format.
+
 --porcelain::
 	When doing a dry-run, give the output in a porcelain-ready
 	format. See linkgit:git-status[1] for details. Implies
 	`--dry-run`.
 
+--long::
+	When doing a dry-run, give the output in a the long-format.
+	Implies `--dry-run`.
+
 -z::
+--null::
 	When showing `short` or `porcelain` status output, terminate
 	entries in the status output with NUL, instead of LF. If no
 	format is given, implies the `--porcelain` output format.
@@ -132,11 +140,14 @@
 
 -t <file>::
 --template=<file>::
-	Use the contents of the given file as the initial version
-	of the commit message. The editor is invoked and you can
-	make subsequent changes. If a message is specified using
-	the `-m` or `-F` options, this option has no effect. This
-	overrides the `commit.template` configuration variable.
+	When editing the commit message, start the editor with the
+	contents in the given file.  The `commit.template` configuration
+	variable is often used to give this option implicitly to the
+	command.  This mechanism can be used by projects that want to
+	guide participants with some hints on what to write in the message
+	in what order.  If the user exits the editor without editing the
+	message, the commit is aborted.  This has no effect when a message
+	is given by other means, e.g. with the `-m` or `-F` options.
 
 -s::
 --signoff::
@@ -168,7 +179,9 @@
 	only if the message is to be edited. Otherwise only whitespace
 	removed. The 'verbatim' mode does not change message at all,
 	'whitespace' removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines
-	and 'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary.
+	and 'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary. The default
+	can be changed by the 'commit.cleanup' configuration variable
+	(see linkgit:git-config[1]).
 
 -e::
 --edit::
@@ -177,6 +190,11 @@
 	commit log message unmodified.  This option lets you
 	further edit the message taken from these sources.
 
+--no-edit::
+	Use the selected commit message without launching an editor.
+	For example, `git commit --amend --no-edit` amends a commit
+	without changing its commit message.
+
 --amend::
 	Used to amend the tip of the current branch. Prepare the tree
 	object you would want to replace the latest commit as usual
@@ -202,6 +220,9 @@
 amend a commit that has already been published.  (See the "RECOVERING
 FROM UPSTREAM REBASE" section in linkgit:git-rebase[1].)
 
+--no-post-rewrite::
+	Bypass the post-rewrite hook.
+
 -i::
 --include::
 	Before making a commit out of staged contents so far,
@@ -265,6 +286,10 @@
 	commit message template when using an editor to prepare the
 	default commit message.
 
+-S[<keyid>]::
+--gpg-sign[=<keyid>]::
+	GPG-sign commit.
+
 \--::
 	Do not interpret any more arguments as options.
 
@@ -284,7 +309,7 @@
 your working tree are temporarily stored to a staging area
 called the "index" with 'git add'.  A file can be
 reverted back, only in the index but not in the working tree,
-to that of the last commit with `git reset HEAD \-- <file>`,
+to that of the last commit with `git reset HEAD -- <file>`,
 which effectively reverts 'git add' and prevents the changes to
 this file from participating in the next commit.  After building
 the state to be committed incrementally with these commands,
@@ -378,8 +403,10 @@
 Though not required, it's a good idea to begin the commit message
 with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the
 change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough description.
-Tools that turn commits into email, for example, use the first line
-on the Subject: line and the rest of the commit in the body.
+The text up to the first blank line in a commit message is treated
+as the commit title, and that title is used throughout git.
+For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a commit into email, and it uses
+the title on the Subject line and the rest of the commit in the body.
 
 include::i18n.txt[]
 
@@ -396,6 +423,15 @@
 and `post-commit` hooks.  See linkgit:githooks[5] for more
 information.
 
+FILES
+-----
+
+`$GIT_DIR/COMMIT_EDITMSG`::
+	This file contains the commit message of a commit in progress.
+	If `git commit` exits due to an error before creating a commit,
+	any commit message that has been provided by the user (e.g., in
+	an editor session) will be available in this file, but will be
+	overwritten by the next invocation of `git commit`.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-config.txt b/Documentation/git-config.txt
index e7ecf5d..9ae2508 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-config.txt
@@ -44,22 +44,26 @@
 path expansion (see '--path' below).  If no type specifier is passed, no
 checks or transformations are performed on the value.
 
-The file-option can be one of '--system', '--global' or '--file'
-which specify where the values will be read from or written to.
-The default is to assume the config file of the current repository,
-.git/config unless defined otherwise with GIT_DIR and GIT_CONFIG
-(see <<FILES>>).
+When reading, the values are read from the system, global and
+repository local configuration files by default, and options
+'--system', '--global', '--local' and '--file <filename>' can be
+used to tell the command to read from only that location (see <<FILES>>).
 
-This command will fail (with exit code ret) if:
+When writing, the new value is written to the repository local
+configuration file by default, and options '--system', '--global',
+'--file <filename>' can be used to tell the command to write to
+that location (you can say '--local' but that is the default).
+
+This command will fail with non-zero status upon error.  Some exit
+codes are:
 
 . The config file is invalid (ret=3),
 . can not write to the config file (ret=4),
 . no section or name was provided (ret=2),
 . the section or key is invalid (ret=1),
 . you try to unset an option which does not exist (ret=5),
-. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5),
-. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6), or
-. you use '--global' option without $HOME being properly set (ret=128).
+. you try to unset/set an option for which multiple lines match (ret=5), or
+. you try to use an invalid regexp (ret=6).
 
 On success, the command returns the exit code 0.
 
@@ -85,15 +89,19 @@
 	is not exactly one.
 
 --get-regexp::
-	Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression.
-	Also outputs the key names.
+	Like --get-all, but interprets the name as a regular expression and
+	writes out the key names.  Regular expression matching is currently
+	case-sensitive and done against a canonicalized version of the key
+	in which section and variable names are lowercased, but subsection
+	names are not.
 
 --global::
 	For writing options: write to global ~/.gitconfig file rather than
-	the repository .git/config.
+	the repository .git/config, write to $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config file
+	if this file exists and the ~/.gitconfig file doesn't.
 +
-For reading options: read only from global ~/.gitconfig rather than
-from all available files.
+For reading options: read only from global ~/.gitconfig and from
+$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config rather than from all available files.
 +
 See also <<FILES>>.
 
@@ -178,22 +186,33 @@
 	Opens an editor to modify the specified config file; either
 	'--system', '--global', or repository (default).
 
+--includes::
+--no-includes::
+	Respect `include.*` directives in config files when looking up
+	values. Defaults to on.
+
 [[FILES]]
 FILES
 -----
 
-If not set explicitly with '--file', there are three files where
+If not set explicitly with '--file', there are four files where
 'git config' will search for configuration options:
 
 $GIT_DIR/config::
-	Repository specific configuration file. (The filename is
-	of course relative to the repository root, not the working
-	directory.)
+	Repository specific configuration file.
 
 ~/.gitconfig::
 	User-specific configuration file. Also called "global"
 	configuration file.
 
+$XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/config::
+	Second user-specific configuration file. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is not set
+	or empty, $HOME/.config/git/config will be used. Any single-valued
+	variable set in this file will be overwritten by whatever is in
+	~/.gitconfig.  It is a good idea not to create this file if
+	you sometimes use older versions of Git, as support for this
+	file was added fairly recently.
+
 $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig::
 	System-wide configuration file.
 
@@ -221,6 +240,10 @@
 	Using the "--global" option forces this to ~/.gitconfig. Using the
 	"--system" option forces this to $(prefix)/etc/gitconfig.
 
+GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM::
+	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
+	$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig file. See linkgit:git[1] for details.
+
 See also <<FILES>>.
 
 
@@ -248,7 +271,7 @@
 
 	; Proxy settings
 	[core]
-		gitproxy="proxy-command" for kernel.org
+		gitproxy=proxy-command for kernel.org
 		gitproxy=default-proxy ; for all the rest
 
 you can set the filemode to true with
@@ -323,7 +346,7 @@
 To add a new proxy, without altering any of the existing ones, use
 
 ------------
-% git config core.gitproxy '"proxy-command" for example.com'
+% git config --add core.gitproxy '"proxy-command" for example.com'
 ------------
 
 An example to use customized color from the configuration in your
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d15db42
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-cache--daemon.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+git-credential-cache--daemon(1)
+===============================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-credential-cache--daemon - Temporarily store user credentials in memory
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+git credential-cache--daemon <socket>
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+NOTE: You probably don't want to invoke this command yourself; it is
+started automatically when you use linkgit:git-credential-cache[1].
+
+This command listens on the Unix domain socket specified by `<socket>`
+for `git-credential-cache` clients. Clients may store and retrieve
+credentials. Each credential is held for a timeout specified by the
+client; once no credentials are held, the daemon exits.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..eeff5fa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-cache.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+git-credential-cache(1)
+=======================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-credential-cache - Helper to temporarily store passwords in memory
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+-----------------------------
+git config credential.helper 'cache [options]'
+-----------------------------
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+This command caches credentials in memory for use by future git
+programs. The stored credentials never touch the disk, and are forgotten
+after a configurable timeout.  The cache is accessible over a Unix
+domain socket, restricted to the current user by filesystem permissions.
+
+You probably don't want to invoke this command directly; it is meant to
+be used as a credential helper by other parts of git. See
+linkgit:gitcredentials[7] or `EXAMPLES` below.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--timeout <seconds>::
+
+	Number of seconds to cache credentials (default: 900).
+
+--socket <path>::
+
+	Use `<path>` to contact a running cache daemon (or start a new
+	cache daemon if one is not started). Defaults to
+	`~/.git-credential-cache/socket`. If your home directory is on a
+	network-mounted filesystem, you may need to change this to a
+	local filesystem.
+
+CONTROLLING THE DAEMON
+----------------------
+
+If you would like the daemon to exit early, forgetting all cached
+credentials before their timeout, you can issue an `exit` action:
+
+--------------------------------------
+git credential-cache exit
+--------------------------------------
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+The point of this helper is to reduce the number of times you must type
+your username or password. For example:
+
+------------------------------------
+$ git config credential.helper cache
+$ git push http://example.com/repo.git
+Username: <type your username>
+Password: <type your password>
+
+[work for 5 more minutes]
+$ git push http://example.com/repo.git
+[your credentials are used automatically]
+------------------------------------
+
+You can provide options via the credential.helper configuration
+variable (this example drops the cache time to 5 minutes):
+
+-------------------------------------------------------
+$ git config credential.helper 'cache --timeout=300'
+-------------------------------------------------------
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b27c03c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential-store.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,75 @@
+git-credential-store(1)
+=======================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-credential-store - Helper to store credentials on disk
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+-------------------
+git config credential.helper 'store [options]'
+-------------------
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+NOTE: Using this helper will store your passwords unencrypted on disk,
+protected only by filesystem permissions. If this is not an acceptable
+security tradeoff, try linkgit:git-credential-cache[1], or find a helper
+that integrates with secure storage provided by your operating system.
+
+This command stores credentials indefinitely on disk for use by future
+git programs.
+
+You probably don't want to invoke this command directly; it is meant to
+be used as a credential helper by other parts of git. See
+linkgit:gitcredentials[7] or `EXAMPLES` below.
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+--store=<path>::
+
+	Use `<path>` to store credentials. The file will have its
+	filesystem permissions set to prevent other users on the system
+	from reading it, but will not be encrypted or otherwise
+	protected. Defaults to `~/.git-credentials`.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+The point of this helper is to reduce the number of times you must type
+your username or password. For example:
+
+------------------------------------------
+$ git config credential.helper store
+$ git push http://example.com/repo.git
+Username: <type your username>
+Password: <type your password>
+
+[several days later]
+$ git push http://example.com/repo.git
+[your credentials are used automatically]
+------------------------------------------
+
+STORAGE FORMAT
+--------------
+
+The `.git-credentials` file is stored in plaintext. Each credential is
+stored on its own line as a URL like:
+
+------------------------------
+https://user:pass@example.com
+------------------------------
+
+When git needs authentication for a particular URL context,
+credential-store will consider that context a pattern to match against
+each entry in the credentials file.  If the protocol, hostname, and
+username (if we already have one) match, then the password is returned
+to git. See the discussion of configuration in linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
+for more information.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-credential.txt b/Documentation/git-credential.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..810e957
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-credential.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+git-credential(1)
+=================
+
+NAME
+----
+git-credential - Retrieve and store user credentials
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+------------------
+git credential <fill|approve|reject>
+------------------
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Git has an internal interface for storing and retrieving credentials
+from system-specific helpers, as well as prompting the user for
+usernames and passwords. The git-credential command exposes this
+interface to scripts which may want to retrieve, store, or prompt for
+credentials in the same manner as git. The design of this scriptable
+interface models the internal C API; see
+link:technical/api-credentials.txt[the git credential API] for more
+background on the concepts.
+
+git-credential takes an "action" option on the command-line (one of
+`fill`, `approve`, or `reject`) and reads a credential description
+on stdin (see <<IOFMT,INPUT/OUTPUT FORMAT>>).
+
+If the action is `fill`, git-credential will attempt to add "username"
+and "password" attributes to the description by reading config files,
+by contacting any configured credential helpers, or by prompting the
+user. The username and password attributes of the credential
+description are then printed to stdout together with the attributes
+already provided.
+
+If the action is `approve`, git-credential will send the description
+to any configured credential helpers, which may store the credential
+for later use.
+
+If the action is `reject`, git-credential will send the description to
+any configured credential helpers, which may erase any stored
+credential matching the description.
+
+If the action is `approve` or `reject`, no output should be emitted.
+
+TYPICAL USE OF GIT CREDENTIAL
+-----------------------------
+
+An application using git-credential will typically use `git
+credential` following these steps:
+
+  1. Generate a credential description based on the context.
++
+For example, if we want a password for
+`https://example.com/foo.git`, we might generate the following
+credential description (don't forget the blank line at the end; it
+tells `git credential` that the application finished feeding all the
+infomation it has):
+
+	 protocol=https
+	 host=example.com
+	 path=foo.git
+
+  2. Ask git-credential to give us a username and password for this
+     description. This is done by running `git credential fill`,
+     feeding the description from step (1) to its standard input. The complete
+     credential description (including the credential per se, i.e. the
+     login and password) will be produced on standard output, like:
+
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=bob
+	password=secr3t
++
+In most cases, this means the attributes given in the input will be
+repeated in the output, but git may also modify the credential
+description, for example by removing the `path` attribute when the
+protocol is HTTP(s) and `credential.useHttpPath` is false.
++
+If the `git credential` knew about the password, this step may
+not have involved the user actually typing this password (the
+user may have typed a password to unlock the keychain instead,
+or no user interaction was done if the keychain was already
+unlocked) before it returned `password=secr3t`.
+
+  3. Use the credential (e.g., access the URL with the username and
+     password from step (2)), and see if it's accepted.
+
+  4. Report on the success or failure of the password. If the
+     credential allowed the operation to complete successfully, then
+     it can be marked with an "approve" action to tell `git
+     credential` to reuse it in its next invocation. If the credential
+     was rejected during the operation, use the "reject" action so
+     that `git credential` will ask for a new password in its next
+     invocation. In either case, `git credential` should be fed with
+     the credential description obtained from step (2) (which also
+     contain the ones provided in step (1)).
+
+[[IOFMT]]
+INPUT/OUTPUT FORMAT
+-------------------
+
+`git credential` reads and/or writes (depending on the action used)
+credential information in its standard input/output. This information
+can correspond either to keys for which `git credential` will obtain
+the login/password information (e.g. host, protocol, path), or to the
+actual credential data to be obtained (login/password).
+
+The credential is split into a set of named attributes, with one
+attribute per line. Each attribute is
+specified by a key-value pair, separated by an `=` (equals) sign,
+followed by a newline. The key may contain any bytes except `=`,
+newline, or NUL. The value may contain any bytes except newline or NUL.
+In both cases, all bytes are treated as-is (i.e., there is no quoting,
+and one cannot transmit a value with newline or NUL in it). The list of
+attributes is terminated by a blank line or end-of-file.
+Git understands the following attributes:
+
+`protocol`::
+
+	The protocol over which the credential will be used (e.g.,
+	`https`).
+
+`host`::
+
+	The remote hostname for a network credential.
+
+`path`::
+
+	The path with which the credential will be used. E.g., for
+	accessing a remote https repository, this will be the
+	repository's path on the server.
+
+`username`::
+
+	The credential's username, if we already have one (e.g., from a
+	URL, from the user, or from a previously run helper).
+
+`password`::
+
+	The credential's password, if we are asking it to be stored.
+
+`url`::
+
+	When this special attribute is read by `git credential`, the
+	value is parsed as a URL and treated as if its constituent parts
+	were read (e.g., `url=https://example.com` would behave as if
+	`protocol=https` and `host=example.com` had been provided). This
+	can help callers avoid parsing URLs themselves.  Note that any
+	components which are missing from the URL (e.g., there is no
+	username in the example above) will be set to empty; if you want
+	to provide a URL and override some attributes, provide the URL
+	attribute first, followed by any overrides.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
index 6695ab3..f059ea9 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsimport.txt
@@ -18,6 +18,12 @@
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
+*WARNING:* `git cvsimport` uses cvsps version 2, which is considered
+deprecated; it does not work with cvsps version 3 and later.  If you are
+performing a one-shot import of a CVS repository consider using
+link:http://cvs2svn.tigris.org/cvs2git.html[cvs2git] or
+link:https://github.com/BartMassey/parsecvs[parsecvs].
+
 Imports a CVS repository into git. It will either create a new
 repository, or incrementally import into an existing one.
 
@@ -137,17 +143,19 @@
 -A <author-conv-file>::
 	CVS by default uses the Unix username when writing its
 	commit logs. Using this option and an author-conv-file
-	in this format
+	maps the name recorded in CVS to author name, e-mail and
+	optional timezone:
 +
 ---------
 	exon=Andreas Ericsson <ae@op5.se>
-	spawn=Simon Pawn <spawn@frog-pond.org>
+	spawn=Simon Pawn <spawn@frog-pond.org> America/Chicago
 
 ---------
 +
 'git cvsimport' will make it appear as those authors had
 their GIT_AUTHOR_NAME and GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL set properly
-all along.
+all along.  If a timezone is specified, GIT_AUTHOR_DATE will
+have the corresponding offset applied.
 +
 For convenience, this data is saved to `$GIT_DIR/cvs-authors`
 each time the '-A' option is provided and read from that same
@@ -211,11 +219,9 @@
 * Multiple tags on the same revision are not imported.
 
 If you suspect that any of these issues may apply to the repository you
-want to import consider using these alternative tools which proved to be
-more stable in practice:
+want to imort, consider using cvs2git:
 
-* cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), `http://cvs2svn.tigris.org`
-* parsecvs, `http://cgit.freedesktop.org/~keithp/parsecvs`
+* cvs2git (part of cvs2svn), `http://subversion.apache.org/`
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
index 827bc98..940c2ba 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-cvsserver.txt
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
 
 'git-cvsserver' uses the Perl DBI module. Please also read
 its documentation if changing these variables, especially
-about `DBI\->connect()`.
+about `DBI->connect()`.
 
 gitcvs.dbname::
 	Database name. The exact meaning depends on the
@@ -359,6 +359,43 @@
 
 All the operations required for normal use are supported, including
 checkout, diff, status, update, log, add, remove, commit.
+
+Most CVS command arguments that read CVS tags or revision numbers
+(typically -r) work, and also support any git refspec
+(tag, branch, commit ID, etc).
+However, CVS revision numbers for non-default branches are not well
+emulated, and cvs log does not show tags or branches at
+all.  (Non-main-branch CVS revision numbers superficially resemble CVS
+revision numbers, but they actually encode a git commit ID directly,
+rather than represent the number of revisions since the branch point.)
+
+Note that there are two ways to checkout a particular branch.
+As described elsewhere on this page, the "module" parameter
+of cvs checkout is interpreted as a branch name, and it becomes
+the main branch.  It remains the main branch for a given sandbox
+even if you temporarily make another branch sticky with
+cvs update -r.  Alternatively, the -r argument can indicate
+some other branch to actually checkout, even though the module
+is still the "main" branch.  Tradeoffs (as currently
+implemented): Each new "module" creates a new database on disk with
+a history for the given module, and after the database is created,
+operations against that main branch are fast.  Or alternatively,
+-r doesn't take any extra disk space, but may be significantly slower for
+many operations, like cvs update.
+
+If you want to refer to a git refspec that has characters that are
+not allowed by CVS, you have two options.  First, it may just work
+to supply the git refspec directly to the appropriate CVS -r argument;
+some CVS clients don't seem to do much sanity checking of the argument.
+Second, if that fails, you can use a special character escape mechanism
+that only uses characters that are valid in CVS tags.  A sequence
+of 4 or 5 characters of the form (underscore (`"_"`), dash (`"-"`),
+one or two characters, and dash (`"-"`)) can encode various characters based
+on the one or two letters: `"s"` for slash (`"/"`), `"p"` for
+period (`"."`), `"u"` for underscore (`"_"`), or two hexadecimal digits
+for any byte value at all (typically an ASCII number, or perhaps a part
+of a UTF-8 encoded character).
+
 Legacy monitoring operations are not supported (edit, watch and related).
 Exports and tagging (tags and branches) are not supported at this stage.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
index 69a1e4a..7e5098a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-daemon.txt
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 	     [--reuseaddr] [--detach] [--pid-file=<file>]
 	     [--enable=<service>] [--disable=<service>]
 	     [--allow-override=<service>] [--forbid-override=<service>]
+	     [--access-hook=<path>]
 	     [--inetd | [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>] [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]
 	     [<directory>...]
 
@@ -161,6 +162,31 @@
 	repository configuration.  By default, all the services
 	are overridable.
 
+--informative-errors::
+--no-informative-errors::
+	When informative errors are turned on, git-daemon will report
+	more verbose errors to the client, differentiating conditions
+	like "no such repository" from "repository not exported". This
+	is more convenient for clients, but may leak information about
+	the existence of unexported repositories.  When informative
+	errors are not enabled, all errors report "access denied" to the
+	client. The default is --no-informative-errors.
+
+--access-hook=<path>::
+	Every time a client connects, first run an external command
+	specified by the <path> with service name (e.g. "upload-pack"),
+	path to the repository, hostname (%H), canonical hostname
+	(%CH), ip address (%IP), and tcp port (%P) as its command line
+	arguments. The external command can decide to decline the
+	service by exiting with a non-zero status (or to allow it by
+	exiting with a zero status).  It can also look at the $REMOTE_ADDR
+	and $REMOTE_PORT environment variables to learn about the
+	requestor when making this decision.
++
+The external command can optionally write a single line to its
+standard output to be sent to the requestor as an error message when
+it declines the service.
+
 <directory>::
 	A directory to add to the whitelist of allowed directories. Unless
 	--strict-paths is specified this will also include subdirectories
@@ -194,7 +220,7 @@
 	can push anything into the repository, including removal
 	of refs).  This is solely meant for a closed LAN setting
 	where everybody is friendly.  This service can be
-	enabled by `daemon.receivepack` configuration item to
+	enabled by setting `daemon.receivepack` configuration item to
 	`true`.
 
 EXAMPLES
diff --git a/Documentation/git-describe.txt b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
index 039cce2..72d6bb6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-describe.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-describe.txt
@@ -36,12 +36,12 @@
 
 --all::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any ref
-	found in `.git/refs/`.  This option enables matching
+	found in `refs/` namespace.  This option enables matching
 	any known branch, remote-tracking branch, or lightweight tag.
 
 --tags::
 	Instead of using only the annotated tags, use any tag
-	found in `.git/refs/tags`.  This option enables matching
+	found in `refs/tags` namespace.  This option enables matching
 	a lightweight (non-annotated) tag.
 
 --contains::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-diff.txt b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
index f8d0819..f8c0601 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-diff.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-diff.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 'git diff' [options] [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
 'git diff' [options] --cached [<commit>] [--] [<path>...]
 'git diff' [options] <commit> <commit> [--] [<path>...]
+'git diff' [options] <blob> <blob>
 'git diff' [options] [--no-index] [--] <path> <path>
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -55,6 +56,11 @@
 	This is to view the changes between two arbitrary
 	<commit>.
 
+'git diff' [options] <blob> <blob>::
+
+	This form is to view the differences between the raw
+	contents of two blob objects.
+
 'git diff' [--options] <commit>..<commit> [--] [<path>...]::
 
 	This is synonymous to the previous form.  If <commit> on
@@ -72,8 +78,7 @@
 Just in case if you are doing something exotic, it should be
 noted that all of the <commit> in the above description, except
 in the last two forms that use ".." notations, can be any
-<tree>.  The third form ('git diff <commit> <commit>') can also
-be used to compare two <blob> objects.
+<tree>.
 
 For a more complete list of ways to spell <commit>, see
 "SPECIFYING REVISIONS" section in linkgit:gitrevisions[7].
diff --git a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
index a03515f..73ca702 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-difftool.txt
@@ -19,6 +19,12 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+-d::
+--dir-diff::
+	Copy the modified files to a temporary location and perform
+	a directory diff on them. This mode never prompts before
+	launching the diff tool.
+
 -y::
 --no-prompt::
 	Do not prompt before launching a diff tool.
@@ -30,10 +36,9 @@
 
 -t <tool>::
 --tool=<tool>::
-	Use the diff tool specified by <tool>.
-	Valid merge tools are:
-	araxis, bc3, diffuse, emerge, ecmerge, gvimdiff, kdiff3,
-	kompare, meld, opendiff, p4merge, tkdiff, vimdiff and xxdiff.
+	Use the diff tool specified by <tool>.  Valid values include
+	emerge, kompare, meld, and vimdiff. Run `git difftool --tool-help`
+	for the list of valid <tool> settings.
 +
 If a diff tool is not specified, 'git difftool'
 will use the configuration variable `diff.tool`.  If the
@@ -61,6 +66,17 @@
 being compared. `$BASE` is provided for compatibility
 with custom merge tool commands and has the same value as `$MERGED`.
 
+--tool-help::
+	Print a list of diff tools that may be used with `--tool`.
+
+--symlinks::
+--no-symlinks::
+	'git difftool''s default behavior is create symlinks to the
+	working tree when run in `--dir-diff` mode.
++
+	Specifying `--no-symlinks` instructs 'git difftool' to create
+	copies instead.  `--no-symlinks` is the default on Windows.
+
 -x <command>::
 --extcmd=<command>::
 	Specify a custom command for viewing diffs.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
index f37eada..d6487e1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-export.txt
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 [<git-rev-list-args>...]::
        A list of arguments, acceptable to 'git rev-parse' and
        'git rev-list', that specifies the specific objects and references
-       to export.  For example, `master{tilde}10..master` causes the
+       to export.  For example, `master~10..master` causes the
        current master reference to be exported along with all objects
        added since its 10th ancestor commit.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
index ec6ef31..bf1a02a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fast-import.txt
@@ -33,34 +33,46 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
---date-format=<fmt>::
-	Specify the type of dates the frontend will supply to
-	fast-import within `author`, `committer` and `tagger` commands.
-	See ``Date Formats'' below for details about which formats
-	are supported, and their syntax.
 
 --force::
 	Force updating modified existing branches, even if doing
 	so would cause commits to be lost (as the new commit does
 	not contain the old commit).
 
---max-pack-size=<n>::
-	Maximum size of each output packfile.
-	The default is unlimited.
+--quiet::
+	Disable all non-fatal output, making fast-import silent when it
+	is successful.  This option disables the output shown by
+	\--stats.
 
---big-file-threshold=<n>::
-	Maximum size of a blob that fast-import will attempt to
-	create a delta for, expressed in bytes.  The default is 512m
-	(512 MiB).  Some importers may wish to lower this on systems
-	with constrained memory.
+--stats::
+	Display some basic statistics about the objects fast-import has
+	created, the packfiles they were stored into, and the
+	memory used by fast-import during this run.  Showing this output
+	is currently the default, but can be disabled with \--quiet.
 
---depth=<n>::
-	Maximum delta depth, for blob and tree deltification.
-	Default is 10.
+Options for Frontends
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
---active-branches=<n>::
-	Maximum number of branches to maintain active at once.
-	See ``Memory Utilization'' below for details.  Default is 5.
+--cat-blob-fd=<fd>::
+	Write responses to `cat-blob` and `ls` queries to the
+	file descriptor <fd> instead of `stdout`.  Allows `progress`
+	output intended for the end-user to be separated from other
+	output.
+
+--date-format=<fmt>::
+	Specify the type of dates the frontend will supply to
+	fast-import within `author`, `committer` and `tagger` commands.
+	See ``Date Formats'' below for details about which formats
+	are supported, and their syntax.
+
+--done::
+	Terminate with error if there is no `done` command at the end of
+	the stream.  This option might be useful for detecting errors
+	that cause the frontend to terminate before it has started to
+	write a stream.
+
+Locations of Marks Files
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 --export-marks=<file>::
 	Dumps the internal marks table to <file> when complete.
@@ -83,30 +95,33 @@
 	Like --import-marks but instead of erroring out, silently
 	skips the file if it does not exist.
 
---relative-marks::
+--[no-]relative-marks::
 	After specifying --relative-marks the paths specified
 	with --import-marks= and --export-marks= are relative
 	to an internal directory in the current repository.
 	In git-fast-import this means that the paths are relative
 	to the .git/info/fast-import directory. However, other
 	importers may use a different location.
++
+Relative and non-relative marks may be combined by interweaving
+--(no-)-relative-marks with the --(import|export)-marks= options.
 
---no-relative-marks::
-	Negates a previous --relative-marks. Allows for combining
-	relative and non-relative marks by interweaving
-	--(no-)-relative-marks with the --(import|export)-marks=
-	options.
+Performance and Compression Tuning
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
---cat-blob-fd=<fd>::
-	Specify the file descriptor that will be written to
-	when the `cat-blob` command is encountered in the stream.
-	The default behaviour is to write to `stdout`.
+--active-branches=<n>::
+	Maximum number of branches to maintain active at once.
+	See ``Memory Utilization'' below for details.  Default is 5.
 
---done::
-	Require a `done` command at the end of the stream.
-	This option might be useful for detecting errors that
-	cause the frontend to terminate before it has started to
-	write a stream.
+--big-file-threshold=<n>::
+	Maximum size of a blob that fast-import will attempt to
+	create a delta for, expressed in bytes.  The default is 512m
+	(512 MiB).  Some importers may wish to lower this on systems
+	with constrained memory.
+
+--depth=<n>::
+	Maximum delta depth, for blob and tree deltification.
+	Default is 10.
 
 --export-pack-edges=<file>::
 	After creating a packfile, print a line of data to
@@ -117,16 +132,9 @@
 	as these commits can be used as edge points during calls
 	to 'git pack-objects'.
 
---quiet::
-	Disable all non-fatal output, making fast-import silent when it
-	is successful.  This option disables the output shown by
-	\--stats.
-
---stats::
-	Display some basic statistics about the objects fast-import has
-	created, the packfiles they were stored into, and the
-	memory used by fast-import during this run.  Showing this output
-	is currently the default, but can be disabled with \--quiet.
+--max-pack-size=<n>::
+	Maximum size of each output packfile.
+	The default is unlimited.
 
 
 Performance
@@ -422,7 +430,7 @@
 
 Here `<name>` is the person's display name (for example
 ``Com M Itter'') and `<email>` is the person's email address
-(``cm@example.com'').  `LT` and `GT` are the literal less-than (\x3c)
+(``\cm@example.com'').  `LT` and `GT` are the literal less-than (\x3c)
 and greater-than (\x3e) symbols.  These are required to delimit
 the email address from the other fields in the line.  Note that
 `<name>` and `<email>` are free-form and may contain any sequence
@@ -437,7 +445,9 @@
 ^^^^^^
 The `from` command is used to specify the commit to initialize
 this branch from.  This revision will be the first ancestor of the
-new commit.
+new commit.  The state of the tree built at this commit will begin
+with the state at the `from` commit, and be altered by the content
+modifications in this commit.
 
 Omitting the `from` command in the first commit of a new branch
 will cause fast-import to create that commit with no ancestor. This
@@ -478,16 +488,18 @@
 ----
 	from refs/heads/branch^0
 ----
-The `{caret}0` suffix is necessary as fast-import does not permit a branch to
+The `^0` suffix is necessary as fast-import does not permit a branch to
 start from itself, and the branch is created in memory before the
-`from` command is even read from the input.  Adding `{caret}0` will force
+`from` command is even read from the input.  Adding `^0` will force
 fast-import to resolve the commit through Git's revision parsing library,
 rather than its internal branch table, thereby loading in the
 existing value of the branch.
 
 `merge`
 ^^^^^^^
-Includes one additional ancestor commit.  If the `from` command is
+Includes one additional ancestor commit.  The additional ancestry
+link does not change the way the tree state is built at this commit.
+If the `from` command is
 omitted when creating a new branch, the first `merge` commit will be
 the first ancestor of the current commit, and the branch will start
 out with no files.  An unlimited number of `merge` commands per
@@ -553,8 +565,12 @@
 slash `/`), may contain any byte other than `LF`, and must not
 start with double quote (`"`).
 
-If an `LF` or double quote must be encoded into `<path>` shell-style
-quoting should be used, e.g. `"path/with\n and \" in it"`.
+A path can use C-style string quoting; this is accepted in all cases
+and mandatory if the filename starts with double quote or contains
+`LF`. In C-style quoting, the complete name should be surrounded with
+double quotes, and any `LF`, backslash, or double quote characters
+must be escaped by preceding them with a backslash (e.g.,
+`"path/with\n, \\ and \" in it"`).
 
 The value of `<path>` must be in canonical form. That is it must not:
 
@@ -942,6 +958,9 @@
 accepted.  In particular, the `cat-blob` command can be used in the
 middle of a commit but not in the middle of a `data` command.
 
+See ``Responses To Commands'' below for details about how to read
+this output safely.
+
 `ls`
 ~~~~
 Prints information about the object at a path to a file descriptor
@@ -975,7 +994,7 @@
 
 See `filemodify` above for a detailed description of `<path>`.
 
-Output uses the same format as `git ls-tree <tree> {litdd} <path>`:
+Output uses the same format as `git ls-tree <tree> -- <path>`:
 
 ====
 	<mode> SP ('blob' | 'tree' | 'commit') SP <dataref> HT <path> LF
@@ -991,6 +1010,9 @@
 	missing SP <path> LF
 ====
 
+See ``Responses To Commands'' below for details about how to read
+this output safely.
+
 `feature`
 ~~~~~~~~~
 Require that fast-import supports the specified feature, or abort if
@@ -1040,7 +1062,9 @@
 	Error out if the stream ends without a 'done' command.
 	Without this feature, errors causing the frontend to end
 	abruptly at a convenient point in the stream can go
-	undetected.
+	undetected.  This may occur, for example, if an import
+	front end dies in mid-operation without emitting SIGTERM
+	or SIGKILL at its subordinate git fast-import instance.
 
 `option`
 ~~~~~~~~
@@ -1079,6 +1103,35 @@
 in use, the `done` command is mandatory and marks the end of the
 stream.
 
+Responses To Commands
+---------------------
+New objects written by fast-import are not available immediately.
+Most fast-import commands have no visible effect until the next
+checkpoint (or completion).  The frontend can send commands to
+fill fast-import's input pipe without worrying about how quickly
+they will take effect, which improves performance by simplifying
+scheduling.
+
+For some frontends, though, it is useful to be able to read back
+data from the current repository as it is being updated (for
+example when the source material describes objects in terms of
+patches to be applied to previously imported objects).  This can
+be accomplished by connecting the frontend and fast-import via
+bidirectional pipes:
+
+====
+	mkfifo fast-import-output
+	frontend <fast-import-output |
+	git fast-import >fast-import-output
+====
+
+A frontend set up this way can use `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob`
+commands to read information from the import in progress.
+
+To avoid deadlock, such frontends must completely consume any
+pending output from `progress`, `ls`, and `cat-blob` before
+performing writes to fast-import that might block.
+
 Crash Reports
 -------------
 If fast-import is supplied invalid input it will terminate with a
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
index ed1bdaa..b81e90d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fetch-pack.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,10 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git fetch-pack' [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
+'git fetch-pack' [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag]
+				[--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>]
+				[--depth=<n>] [--no-progress]
+				[-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -32,6 +35,16 @@
 --all::
 	Fetch all remote refs.
 
+--stdin::
+	Take the list of refs from stdin, one per line. If there
+	are refs specified on the command line in addition to this
+	option, then the refs from stdin are processed after those
+	on the command line.
++
+If '--stateless-rpc' is specified together with this option then
+the list of refs must be in packet format (pkt-line). Each ref must
+be in a separate packet, and the list must end with a flush packet.
+
 -q::
 --quiet::
 	Pass '-q' flag to 'git unpack-objects'; this makes the
@@ -71,6 +84,8 @@
 
 --depth=<n>::
 	Limit fetching to ancestor-chains not longer than n.
+	'git-upload-pack' treats the special depth 2147483647 as
+	infinite even if there is an ancestor-chain that long.
 
 --no-progress::
 	Do not show the progress.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
index 0f2f117..e2301f5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-filter-branch.txt
@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@
 useful in the future for compensating for some git bugs or such,
 therefore such a usage is permitted.
 
-*NOTE*: This command honors `.git/info/grafts` and `.git/refs/replace/`.
+*NOTE*: This command honors `.git/info/grafts` file and refs in
+the `refs/replace/` namespace.
 If you have any grafts or replacement refs defined, running this command
 will make them permanent.
 
@@ -96,8 +97,8 @@
 --index-filter <command>::
 	This is the filter for rewriting the index.  It is similar to the
 	tree filter but does not check out the tree, which makes it much
-	faster.  Frequently used with `git rm \--cached
-	\--ignore-unmatch ...`, see EXAMPLES below.  For hairy
+	faster.  Frequently used with `git rm --cached
+	--ignore-unmatch ...`, see EXAMPLES below.  For hairy
 	cases, see linkgit:git-update-index[1].
 
 --parent-filter <command>::
@@ -222,11 +223,11 @@
 a simple `rm filename` will fail for that tree and commit.
 Thus you may instead want to use `rm -f filename` as the script.
 
-Using `\--index-filter` with 'git rm' yields a significantly faster
+Using `--index-filter` with 'git rm' yields a significantly faster
 version.  Like with using `rm filename`, `git rm --cached filename`
 will fail if the file is absent from the tree of a commit.  If you
 want to "completely forget" a file, it does not matter when it entered
-history, so we also add `\--ignore-unmatch`:
+history, so we also add `--ignore-unmatch`:
 
 --------------------------------------------------------------------------
 git filter-branch --index-filter 'git rm --cached --ignore-unmatch filename' HEAD
@@ -242,8 +243,8 @@
 -------------------------------------------------------
 
 Thus you can, e.g., turn a library subdirectory into a repository of
-its own.  Note the `\--` that separates 'filter-branch' options from
-revision options, and the `\--all` to rewrite all branches and tags.
+its own.  Note the `--` that separates 'filter-branch' options from
+revision options, and the `--all` to rewrite all branches and tags.
 
 To set a commit (which typically is at the tip of another
 history) to be the parent of the current initial commit, in
@@ -303,6 +304,11 @@
 and all children of the merge will become merge commits with P1,P2
 as their parents instead of the merge commit.
 
+*NOTE* the changes introduced by the commits, and which are not reverted
+by subsequent commits, will still be in the rewritten branch. If you want
+to throw out _changes_ together with the commits, you should use the
+interactive mode of 'git rebase'.
+
 You can rewrite the commit log messages using `--msg-filter`.  For
 example, 'git svn-id' strings in a repository created by 'git svn' can
 be removed this way:
@@ -313,11 +319,6 @@
 '
 -------------------------------------------------------
 
-To restrict rewriting to only part of the history, specify a revision
-range in addition to the new branch name.  The new branch name will
-point to the top-most revision that a 'git rev-list' of this range
-will print.
-
 If you need to add 'Acked-by' lines to, say, the last 10 commits (none
 of which is a merge), use this command:
 
@@ -328,11 +329,10 @@
 ' HEAD~10..HEAD
 --------------------------------------------------------
 
-*NOTE* the changes introduced by the commits, and which are not reverted
-by subsequent commits, will still be in the rewritten branch. If you want
-to throw out _changes_ together with the commits, you should use the
-interactive mode of 'git rebase'.
-
+To restrict rewriting to only part of the history, specify a revision
+range in addition to the new branch name.  The new branch name will
+point to the top-most revision that a 'git rev-list' of this range
+will print.
 
 Consider this history:
 
@@ -371,23 +371,23 @@
 ------------------------------------
 
 git-filter-branch is often used to get rid of a subset of files,
-usually with some combination of `\--index-filter` and
-`\--subdirectory-filter`.  People expect the resulting repository to
+usually with some combination of `--index-filter` and
+`--subdirectory-filter`.  People expect the resulting repository to
 be smaller than the original, but you need a few more steps to
 actually make it smaller, because git tries hard not to lose your
 objects until you tell it to.  First make sure that:
 
 * You really removed all variants of a filename, if a blob was moved
-  over its lifetime.  `git log \--name-only \--follow \--all \--
-  filename` can help you find renames.
+  over its lifetime.  `git log --name-only --follow --all -- filename`
+  can help you find renames.
 
-* You really filtered all refs: use `\--tag-name-filter cat \--
-  \--all` when calling git-filter-branch.
+* You really filtered all refs: use `--tag-name-filter cat -- --all`
+  when calling git-filter-branch.
 
 Then there are two ways to get a smaller repository.  A safer way is
 to clone, that keeps your original intact.
 
-* Clone it with `git clone +++file:///path/to/repo+++`.  The clone
+* Clone it with `git clone file:///path/to/repo`.  The clone
   will not have the removed objects.  See linkgit:git-clone[1].  (Note
   that cloning with a plain path just hardlinks everything!)
 
@@ -397,14 +397,14 @@
 warned.
 
 * Remove the original refs backed up by git-filter-branch: say `git
-  for-each-ref \--format="%(refname)" refs/original/ | xargs -n 1 git
+  for-each-ref --format="%(refname)" refs/original/ | xargs -n 1 git
   update-ref -d`.
 
-* Expire all reflogs with `git reflog expire \--expire=now \--all`.
+* Expire all reflogs with `git reflog expire --expire=now --all`.
 
-* Garbage collect all unreferenced objects with `git gc \--prune=now`
+* Garbage collect all unreferenced objects with `git gc --prune=now`
   (or if your git-gc is not new enough to support arguments to
-  `\--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
+  `--prune`, use `git repack -ad; git prune` instead).
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
index 32aff95..3a0f55e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fmt-merge-msg.txt
@@ -53,6 +53,11 @@
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
+merge.branchdesc::
+	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with
+	the branch description text associated with them.  Defaults
+	to false.
+
 merge.log::
 	In addition to branch names, populate the log message with at
 	most the specified number of one-line descriptions from the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
index c872b88..f2e08d1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-for-each-ref.txt
@@ -102,9 +102,10 @@
 and `date` to extract the named component.
 
 The complete message in a commit and tag object is `contents`.
-Its first line is `contents:subject`, the remaining lines
-are `contents:body` and the optional GPG signature
-is `contents:signature`.
+Its first line is `contents:subject`, where subject is the concatenation
+of all lines of the commit message up to the first blank line.  The next
+line is 'contents:body', where body is all of the lines after the first
+blank line.  Finally, the optional GPG signature is `contents:signature`.
 
 For sorting purposes, fields with numeric values sort in numeric
 order (`objectsize`, `authordate`, `committerdate`, `taggerdate`).
@@ -116,7 +117,7 @@
 
 As a special case for the date-type fields, you may specify a format for
 the date by adding one of `:default`, `:relative`, `:short`, `:local`,
-`:iso8601` or `:rfc2822` to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
+`:iso8601`, `:rfc2822` or `:raw` to the end of the fieldname; e.g.
 `%(taggerdate:relative)`.
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
index 6ea9be7..9a914d0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-format-patch.txt
@@ -18,9 +18,9 @@
 		   [--start-number <n>] [--numbered-files]
 		   [--in-reply-to=Message-Id] [--suffix=.<sfx>]
 		   [--ignore-if-in-upstream]
-		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix]
+		   [--subject-prefix=Subject-Prefix] [(--reroll-count|-v) <n>]
 		   [--to=<email>] [--cc=<email>]
-		   [--cover-letter] [--quiet]
+		   [--cover-letter] [--quiet] [--notes[=<ref>]]
 		   [<common diff options>]
 		   [ <since> | <revision range> ]
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
 The first rule takes precedence in the case of a single <commit>.  To
 apply the second rule, i.e., format everything since the beginning of
 history up until <commit>, use the '\--root' option: `git format-patch
-\--root <commit>`.  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
+--root <commit>`.  If you want to format only <commit> itself, you
 can do this with `git format-patch -1 <commit>`.
 
 By default, each output file is numbered sequentially from 1, and uses the
@@ -58,10 +58,13 @@
 If `-o` is specified, output files are created in <dir>.  Otherwise
 they are created in the current working directory.
 
-By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] First Line" and
-the subject when multiple patches are output is "[PATCH n/m] First
-Line". To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use `-n`.  To omit
-patch numbers from the subject, use `-N`.
+By default, the subject of a single patch is "[PATCH] " followed by
+the concatenation of lines from the commit message up to the first blank
+line (see the DISCUSSION section of linkgit:git-commit[1]).
+
+When multiple patches are output, the subject prefix will instead be
+"[PATCH n/m] ".  To force 1/1 to be added for a single patch, use `-n`.
+To omit patch numbers from the subject, use `-N`.
 
 If given `--thread`, `git-format-patch` will generate `In-Reply-To` and
 `References` headers to make the second and subsequent patch mails appear
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@
 The optional <style> argument can be either `shallow` or `deep`.
 'shallow' threading makes every mail a reply to the head of the
 series, where the head is chosen from the cover letter, the
-`\--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'deep'
+`--in-reply-to`, and the first patch mail, in this order.  'deep'
 threading makes every mail a reply to the previous one.
 +
 The default is `--no-thread`, unless the 'format.thread' configuration
@@ -163,6 +166,15 @@
 	allows for useful naming of a patch series, and can be
 	combined with the `--numbered` option.
 
+-v <n>::
+--reroll-count=<n>::
+	Mark the series as the <n>-th iteration of the topic. The
+	output filenames have `v<n>` pretended to them, and the
+	subject prefix ("PATCH" by default, but configurable via the
+	`--subject-prefix` option) has ` v<n>` appended to it.  E.g.
+	`--reroll-count=4` may produce `v4-0001-add-makefile.patch`
+	file that has "Subject: [PATCH v4 1/20] Add makefile" in it.
+
 --to=<email>::
 	Add a `To:` header to the email headers. This is in addition
 	to any configured headers, and may be used multiple times.
@@ -188,6 +200,18 @@
 	containing the shortlog and the overall diffstat.  You can
 	fill in a description in the file before sending it out.
 
+--notes[=<ref>]::
+	Append the notes (see linkgit:git-notes[1]) for the commit
+	after the three-dash line.
++
+The expected use case of this is to write supporting explanation for
+the commit that does not belong to the commit log message proper,
+and include it with the patch submission. While one can simply write
+these explanations after `format-patch` has run but before sending,
+keeping them as git notes allows them to be maintained between versions
+of the patch series (but see the discussion of the `notes.rewrite`
+configuration options in linkgit:git-notes[1] to use this workflow).
+
 --[no]-signature=<signature>::
 	Add a signature to each message produced. Per RFC 3676 the signature
 	is separated from the body by a line with '-- ' on it. If the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
index a2a508d..da348fc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-fsck.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git fsck' [--tags] [--root] [--unreachable] [--cache] [--no-reflogs]
-	 [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found] [<object>*]
+	 [--[no-]full] [--strict] [--verbose] [--lost-found]
+	 [--[no-]dangling] [--[no-]progress] [<object>*]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,13 +23,18 @@
 	An object to treat as the head of an unreachability trace.
 +
 If no objects are given, 'git fsck' defaults to using the
-index file, all SHA1 references in .git/refs/*, and all reflogs (unless
---no-reflogs is given) as heads.
+index file, all SHA1 references in `refs` namespace, and all reflogs
+(unless --no-reflogs is given) as heads.
 
 --unreachable::
 	Print out objects that exist but that aren't reachable from any
 	of the reference nodes.
 
+--dangling::
+--no-dangling::
+	Print objects that exist but that are never 'directly' used (default).
+	`--no-dangling` can be used to omit this information from the output.
+
 --root::
 	Report root nodes.
 
@@ -72,30 +78,28 @@
 	a blob, the contents are written into the file, rather than
 	its object name.
 
-It tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking of
-the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
+--progress::
+--no-progress::
+	Progress status is reported on the standard error stream by
+	default when it is attached to a terminal, unless
+	--no-progress or --verbose is specified. --progress forces
+	progress status even if the standard error stream is not
+	directed to a terminal.
+
+DISCUSSION
+----------
+
+git-fsck tests SHA1 and general object sanity, and it does full tracking
+of the resulting reachability and everything else. It prints out any
 corruption it finds (missing or bad objects), and if you use the
-'--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but
-that aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes.
-
-So for example
-
-	git fsck --unreachable HEAD \
-		$(git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads)
-
-will do quite a _lot_ of verification on the tree. There are a few
-extra validity tests to be added (make sure that tree objects are
-sorted properly etc), but on the whole if 'git fsck' is happy, you
-do have a valid tree.
+'--unreachable' flag it will also print out objects that exist but that
+aren't reachable from any of the specified head nodes (or the default
+set, as mentioned above).
 
 Any corrupt objects you will have to find in backups or other archives
 (i.e., you can just remove them and do an 'rsync' with some other site in
 the hopes that somebody else has the object you have corrupted).
 
-Of course, "valid tree" doesn't mean that it wasn't generated by some
-evil person, and the end result might be crap. git is a revision
-tracking system, not a quality assurance system ;)
-
 Extracted Diagnostics
 ---------------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-gc.txt b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
index 815afcb..b370b02 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-gc.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-gc.txt
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@
 can be set to indicate how long historical reflog entries which
 are not part of the current branch should remain available in
 this repository.  These types of entries are generally created as
-a result of using `git commit \--amend` or `git rebase` and are the
+a result of using `git commit --amend` or `git rebase` and are the
 commits prior to the amend or rebase occurring.  Since these changes
 are not part of the current project most users will want to expire
 them sooner.  This option defaults to '30 days'.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-grep.txt b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
index 15d6711..cfecf84 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-grep.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-grep.txt
@@ -20,7 +20,9 @@
 	   [-c | --count] [--all-match] [-q | --quiet]
 	   [--max-depth <depth>]
 	   [--color[=<when>] | --no-color]
+	   [--break] [--heading] [-p | --show-function]
 	   [-A <post-context>] [-B <pre-context>] [-C <context>]
+	   [-W | --function-context]
 	   [-f <file>] [-e] <pattern>
 	   [--and|--or|--not|(|)|-e <pattern>...]
 	   [ [--exclude-standard] [--cached | --no-index | --untracked] | <tree>...]
@@ -29,7 +31,9 @@
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Look for specified patterns in the tracked files in the work tree, blobs
-registered in the index file, or blobs in given tree objects.
+registered in the index file, or blobs in given tree objects.  Patterns
+are lists of one or more search expressions separated by newline
+characters.  An empty string as search expression matches all lines.
 
 
 CONFIGURATION
@@ -38,8 +42,16 @@
 grep.lineNumber::
 	If set to true, enable '-n' option by default.
 
+grep.patternType::
+	Set the default matching behavior. Using a value of 'basic', 'extended',
+	'fixed', or 'perl' will enable the '--basic-regexp', '--extended-regexp',
+	'--fixed-strings', or '--perl-regexp' option accordingly, while the
+	value 'default' will return to the default matching behavior.
+
 grep.extendedRegexp::
-	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default.
+	If set to true, enable '--extended-regexp' option by default. This
+	option is ignored when the 'grep.patternType' option is set to a value
+	other than 'default'.
 
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -79,6 +91,9 @@
 --max-depth <depth>::
 	For each <pathspec> given on command line, descend at most <depth>
 	levels of directories. A negative value means no limit.
+	This option is ignored if <pathspec> contains active wildcards.
+	In other words if "a*" matches a directory named "a*",
+	"*" is matched literally so --max-depth is still effective.
 
 -w::
 --word-regexp::
@@ -242,11 +257,11 @@
 Examples
 --------
 
-`git grep {apostrophe}time_t{apostrophe} \-- {apostrophe}*.[ch]{apostrophe}`::
+`git grep 'time_t' -- '*.[ch]'`::
 	Looks for `time_t` in all tracked .c and .h files in the working
 	directory and its subdirectories.
 
-`git grep -e {apostrophe}#define{apostrophe} --and \( -e MAX_PATH -e PATH_MAX \)`::
+`git grep -e '#define' --and \( -e MAX_PATH -e PATH_MAX \)`::
 	Looks for a line that has `#define` and either `MAX_PATH` or
 	`PATH_MAX`.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
index 909687f..39e6d0d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-index-pack.txt
@@ -74,6 +74,16 @@
 --strict::
 	Die, if the pack contains broken objects or links.
 
+--threads=<n>::
+	Specifies the number of threads to spawn when resolving
+	deltas. This requires that index-pack be compiled with
+	pthreads otherwise this option is ignored with a warning.
+	This is meant to reduce packing time on multiprocessor
+	machines. The required amount of memory for the delta search
+	window is however multiplied by the number of threads.
+	Specifying 0 will cause git to auto-detect the number of CPU's
+	and use maximum 3 threads.
+
 
 Note
 ----
diff --git a/Documentation/git-log.txt b/Documentation/git-log.txt
index 249fc87..22c0d6e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-log.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-log.txt
@@ -24,10 +24,6 @@
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
--<n>::
-	Limits the number of commits to show.
-	Note that this is a commit limiting option, see below.
-
 <since>..<until>::
 	Show only commits between the named two commits.  When
 	either <since> or <until> is omitted, it defaults to
@@ -51,6 +47,11 @@
 	Print out the ref name given on the command line by which each
 	commit was reached.
 
+--use-mailmap::
+	Use mailmap file to map author and committer names and email
+	to canonical real names and email addresses. See
+	linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
+
 --full-diff::
 	Without this flag, "git log -p <path>..." shows commits that
 	touch the specified paths, and diffs about the same specified
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@
 	Show all commits since version 'v2.6.12' that changed any file
 	in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 
-`git log --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk`::
+`git log --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk`::
 
 	Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
@@ -137,6 +138,8 @@
 	This makes sense only when following a strict policy of merging all
 	topic branches when staying on a single integration branch.
 
+`git log -3`::
+	Limits the number of commits to show to 3.
 
 Discussion
 ----------
@@ -169,7 +172,7 @@
 	`git log -p` output would be shown without a diff attached.
 	The default is `true`.
 
-mailmap.file::
+mailmap.*::
 	See linkgit:git-shortlog[1].
 
 notes.displayRef::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
index c406a11..d549328 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-lost-found.txt
@@ -48,7 +48,8 @@
 ------------
 
 After making sure you know which the object is the tag you are looking
-for, you can reconnect it to your regular .git/refs hierarchy.
+for, you can reconnect it to your regular `refs` hierarchy by using
+the `update-ref` command.
 
 ------------
 $ git cat-file -t 1ef2b196
diff --git a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
index 7a9b86a..774de5e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-ls-remote.txt
@@ -42,6 +42,11 @@
 	it successfully talked with the remote repository, whether it
 	found any matching refs.
 
+--get-url::
+	Expand the URL of the given remote repository taking into account any
+	"url.<base>.insteadOf" config setting (See linkgit:git-config[1]) and
+	exit without talking to the remote.
+
 <repository>::
 	Location of the repository.  The shorthand defined in
 	$GIT_DIR/branches/ can be used. Use "." (dot) to list references in
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
index 51dc325..97e7a8e 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mailinfo.txt
@@ -25,13 +25,24 @@
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -k::
-	Usually the program 'cleans up' the Subject: header line
-	to extract the title line for the commit log message,
-	among which (1) remove 'Re:' or 're:', (2) leading
-	whitespaces, (3) '[' up to ']', typically '[PATCH]', and
-	then prepends "[PATCH] ".  This flag forbids this
-	munging, and is most useful when used to read back
-	'git format-patch -k' output.
+	Usually the program removes email cruft from the Subject:
+	header line to extract the title line for the commit log
+	message.  This option prevents this munging, and is most
+	useful when used to read back 'git format-patch -k' output.
++
+Specifically, the following are removed until none of them remain:
++
+--
+*	Leading and trailing whitespace.
+
+*	Leading `Re:`, `re:`, and `:`.
+
+*	Leading bracketed strings (between `[` and `]`, usually
+	`[PATCH]`).
+--
++
+Finally, runs of whitespace are normalized to a single ASCII space
+character.
 
 -b::
 	When -k is not in effect, all leading strings bracketed with '['
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
index b295bf8..87842e3 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge-base.txt
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 [verse]
 'git merge-base' [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...
 'git merge-base' [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>...
+'git merge-base' --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>
 'git merge-base' --independent <commit>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -50,6 +51,12 @@
 	from any other.  This mimics the behavior of 'git show-branch
 	--independent'.
 
+--is-ancestor::
+	Check if the first <commit> is an ancestor of the second <commit>,
+	and exit with status 0 if true, or with status 1 if not.
+	Errors are signaled by a non-zero status that is not 1.
+
+
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -a::
@@ -110,6 +117,27 @@
 the other (both are 'best' merge bases).  When the `--all` option is not given,
 it is unspecified which best one is output.
 
+A common idiom to check "fast-forward-ness" between two commits A
+and B is (or at least used to be) to compute the merge base between
+A and B, and check if it is the same as A, in which case, A is an
+ancestor of B.  You will see this idiom used often in older scripts.
+
+	A=$(git rev-parse --verify A)
+	if test "$A" = "$(git merge-base A B)"
+	then
+		... A is an ancestor of B ...
+	fi
+
+In modern git, you can say this in a more direct way:
+
+	if git merge-base --is-ancestor A B
+	then
+		... A is an ancestor of B ...
+	fi
+
+instead.
+
+
 See also
 --------
 linkgit:git-rev-list[1],
diff --git a/Documentation/git-merge.txt b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
index e2e6aba..d34ea3c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-merge.txt
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash]
+'git merge' [-n] [--stat] [--no-commit] [--squash] [--[no-]edit]
 	[-s <strategy>] [-X <strategy-option>]
 	[--[no-]rerere-autoupdate] [-m <msg>] [<commit>...]
 'git merge' <msg> HEAD <commit>...
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 	more than two parents (affectionately called an Octopus merge).
 +
 If no commit is given from the command line, and if `merge.defaultToUpstream`
-configuration variable is set, merge the remote tracking branches
+configuration variable is set, merge the remote-tracking branches
 that the current branch is configured to use as its upstream.
 See also the configuration section of this manual page.
 
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 however, git cannot randomly pick one side over the other, and asks you to
 resolve it by leaving what both sides did to that area.
 
-By default, git uses the same style as that is used by "merge" program
+By default, git uses the same style as the one used by the "merge" program
 from the RCS suite to present such a conflicted hunk, like this:
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
index 2a49de7..6b563c5 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mergetool.txt
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@
 -t <tool>::
 --tool=<tool>::
 	Use the merge resolution program specified by <tool>.
-	Valid merge tools are:
-	araxis, bc3, diffuse, ecmerge, emerge, gvimdiff, kdiff3,
-	meld, opendiff, p4merge, tkdiff, tortoisemerge, vimdiff and xxdiff.
+	Valid values include emerge, gvimdiff, kdiff3,
+	meld, vimdiff, and tortoisemerge. Run `git mergetool --tool-help`
+	for the list of valid <tool> settings.
 +
 If a merge resolution program is not specified, 'git mergetool'
 will use the configuration variable `merge.tool`.  If the
@@ -64,6 +64,9 @@
 Otherwise, 'git mergetool' will prompt the user to indicate the
 success of the resolution after the custom tool has exited.
 
+--tool-help::
+	Print a list of merge tools that may be used with `--tool`.
+
 -y::
 --no-prompt::
 	Don't prompt before each invocation of the merge resolution
diff --git a/Documentation/git-mv.txt b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
index b8db373..e3c8448 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-mv.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-mv.txt
@@ -15,8 +15,8 @@
 -----------
 This script is used to move or rename a file, directory or symlink.
 
- git mv [-f] [-n] <source> <destination>
- git mv [-f] [-n] [-k] <source> ... <destination directory>
+ git mv [-v] [-f] [-n] [-k] <source> <destination>
+ git mv [-v] [-f] [-n] [-k] <source> ... <destination directory>
 
 In the first form, it renames <source>, which must exist and be either
 a file, symlink or directory, to <destination>.
@@ -40,6 +40,10 @@
 --dry-run::
 	Do nothing; only show what would happen
 
+-v::
+--verbose::
+	Report the names of files as they are moved.
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-notes.txt b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
index e8319ea..46ef046 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-notes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-notes.txt
@@ -39,6 +39,10 @@
 message, after an unindented line saying "Notes (<refname>):" (or
 "Notes:" for `refs/notes/commits`).
 
+Notes can also be added to patches prepared with `git format-patch` by
+using the `--notes` option. Such notes are added as a patch commentary
+after a three dash separator line.
+
 To change which notes are shown by 'git log', see the
 "notes.displayRef" configuration in linkgit:git-log[1].
 
@@ -70,7 +74,7 @@
 	second object). This subcommand is equivalent to:
 	`git notes add [-f] -C $(git notes list <from-object>) <to-object>`
 +
-In `\--stdin` mode, take lines in the format
+In `--stdin` mode, take lines in the format
 +
 ----------
 <from-object> SP <to-object> [ SP <rest> ] LF
diff --git a/Documentation/git-p4.txt b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f70ef9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/git-p4.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,569 @@
+git-p4(1)
+=========
+
+NAME
+----
+git-p4 - Import from and submit to Perforce repositories
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git p4 clone' [<sync options>] [<clone options>] <p4 depot path>...
+'git p4 sync' [<sync options>] [<p4 depot path>...]
+'git p4 rebase'
+'git p4 submit' [<submit options>] [<master branch name>]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+This command provides a way to interact with p4 repositories
+using git.
+
+Create a new git repository from an existing p4 repository using
+'git p4 clone', giving it one or more p4 depot paths.  Incorporate
+new commits from p4 changes with 'git p4 sync'.  The 'sync' command
+is also used to include new branches from other p4 depot paths.
+Submit git changes back to p4 using 'git p4 submit'.  The command
+'git p4 rebase' does a sync plus rebases the current branch onto
+the updated p4 remote branch.
+
+
+EXAMPLE
+-------
+* Clone a repository:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
+------------
+
+* Do some work in the newly created git repository:
++
+------------
+$ cd project
+$ vi foo.h
+$ git commit -a -m "edited foo.h"
+------------
+
+* Update the git repository with recent changes from p4, rebasing your
+  work on top:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 rebase
+------------
+
+* Submit your commits back to p4:
++
+------------
+$ git p4 submit
+------------
+
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+
+Clone
+~~~~~
+Generally, 'git p4 clone' is used to create a new git directory
+from an existing p4 repository:
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project
+------------
+This:
+
+1.   Creates an empty git repository in a subdirectory called 'project'.
++
+2.   Imports the full contents of the head revision from the given p4
+depot path into a single commit in the git branch 'refs/remotes/p4/master'.
++
+3.   Creates a local branch, 'master' from this remote and checks it out.
+
+To reproduce the entire p4 history in git, use the '@all' modifier on
+the depot path:
+------------
+$ git p4 clone //depot/path/project@all
+------------
+
+
+Sync
+~~~~
+As development continues in the p4 repository, those changes can
+be included in the git repository using:
+------------
+$ git p4 sync
+------------
+This command finds new changes in p4 and imports them as git commits.
+
+P4 repositories can be added to an existing git repository using
+'git p4 sync' too:
+------------
+$ mkdir repo-git
+$ cd repo-git
+$ git init
+$ git p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
+------------
+This imports the specified depot into
+'refs/remotes/p4/master' in an existing git repository.  The
+'--branch' option can be used to specify a different branch to
+be used for the p4 content.
+
+If a git repository includes branches 'refs/remotes/origin/p4', these
+will be fetched and consulted first during a 'git p4 sync'.  Since
+importing directly from p4 is considerably slower than pulling changes
+from a git remote, this can be useful in a multi-developer environment.
+
+If there are multiple branches, doing 'git p4 sync' will automatically
+use the "BRANCH DETECTION" algorithm to try to partition new changes
+into the right branch.  This can be overridden with the '--branch'
+option to specify just a single branch to update.
+
+
+Rebase
+~~~~~~
+A common working pattern is to fetch the latest changes from the p4 depot
+and merge them with local uncommitted changes.  Often, the p4 repository
+is the ultimate location for all code, thus a rebase workflow makes
+sense.  This command does 'git p4 sync' followed by 'git rebase' to move
+local commits on top of updated p4 changes.
+------------
+$ git p4 rebase
+------------
+
+
+Submit
+~~~~~~
+Submitting changes from a git repository back to the p4 repository
+requires a separate p4 client workspace.  This should be specified
+using the 'P4CLIENT' environment variable or the git configuration
+variable 'git-p4.client'.  The p4 client must exist, but the client root
+will be created and populated if it does not already exist.
+
+To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
+the 'p4/master' branch, use:
+------------
+$ git p4 submit
+------------
+
+To specify a branch other than the current one, use:
+------------
+$ git p4 submit topicbranch
+------------
+
+The upstream reference is generally 'refs/remotes/p4/master', but can
+be overridden using the '--origin=' command-line option.
+
+The p4 changes will be created as the user invoking 'git p4 submit'. The
+'--preserve-user' option will cause ownership to be modified
+according to the author of the git commit.  This option requires admin
+privileges in p4, which can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+
+General options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+All commands except clone accept these options.
+
+--git-dir <dir>::
+	Set the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable.  See linkgit:git[1].
+
+--verbose, -v::
+	Provide more progress information.
+
+Sync options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used in the initial 'clone' as well as in
+subsequent 'sync' operations.
+
+--branch <branch>::
+	Import changes into given branch.  If the branch starts with
+	'refs/', it will be used as is.  Otherwise if it does not start
+	with 'p4/', that prefix is added.  The branch is assumed to
+	name a remote tracking, but this can be modified using
+	'--import-local', or by giving a full ref name.  The default
+	branch is 'master'.
++
+This example imports a new remote "p4/proj2" into an existing
+git repository:
++
+----
+    $ git init
+    $ git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/proj2 //depot/proj2
+----
+
+--detect-branches::
+	Use the branch detection algorithm to find new paths in p4.  It is
+	documented below in "BRANCH DETECTION".
+
+--changesfile <file>::
+	Import exactly the p4 change numbers listed in 'file', one per
+	line.  Normally, 'git p4' inspects the current p4 repository
+	state and detects the changes it should import.
+
+--silent::
+	Do not print any progress information.
+
+--detect-labels::
+	Query p4 for labels associated with the depot paths, and add
+	them as tags in git. Limited usefulness as only imports labels
+	associated with new changelists. Deprecated.
+
+--import-labels::
+	Import labels from p4 into git.
+
+--import-local::
+	By default, p4 branches are stored in 'refs/remotes/p4/',
+	where they will be treated as remote-tracking branches by
+	linkgit:git-branch[1] and other commands.  This option instead
+	puts p4 branches in 'refs/heads/p4/'.  Note that future
+	sync operations must specify '--import-local' as well so that
+	they can find the p4 branches in refs/heads.
+
+--max-changes <n>::
+	Limit the number of imported changes to 'n'.  Useful to
+	limit the amount of history when using the '@all' p4 revision
+	specifier.
+
+--keep-path::
+	The mapping of file names from the p4 depot path to git, by
+	default, involves removing the entire depot path.  With this
+	option, the full p4 depot path is retained in git.  For example,
+	path '//depot/main/foo/bar.c', when imported from
+	'//depot/main/', becomes 'foo/bar.c'.  With '--keep-path', the
+	git path is instead 'depot/main/foo/bar.c'.
+
+--use-client-spec::
+	Use a client spec to find the list of interesting files in p4.
+	See the "CLIENT SPEC" section below.
+
+Clone options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used in an initial 'clone', along with the 'sync'
+options described above.
+
+--destination <directory>::
+	Where to create the git repository.  If not provided, the last
+	component in the p4 depot path is used to create a new
+	directory.
+
+--bare::
+	Perform a bare clone.  See linkgit:git-clone[1].
+
+-/ <path>::
+	Exclude selected depot paths when cloning.
+
+Submit options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used to modify 'git p4 submit' behavior.
+
+--origin <commit>::
+	Upstream location from which commits are identified to submit to
+	p4.  By default, this is the most recent p4 commit reachable
+	from 'HEAD'.
+
+-M::
+	Detect renames.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  Renames will be
+	represented in p4 using explicit 'move' operations.  There
+	is no corresponding option to detect copies, but there are
+	variables for both moves and copies.
+
+--preserve-user::
+	Re-author p4 changes before submitting to p4.  This option
+	requires p4 admin privileges.
+
+--export-labels::
+	Export tags from git as p4 labels. Tags found in git are applied
+	to the perforce working directory.
+
+--dry-run, -n::
+	Show just what commits would be submitted to p4; do not change
+	state in git or p4.
+
+--prepare-p4-only::
+	Apply a commit to the p4 workspace, opening, adding and deleting
+	files in p4 as for a normal submit operation.  Do not issue the
+	final "p4 submit", but instead print a message about how to
+	submit manually or revert.  This option always stops after the
+	first (oldest) commit.  Git tags are not exported to p4.
+
+--conflict=(ask|skip|quit)::
+	Conflicts can occur when applying a commit to p4.  When this
+	happens, the default behavior ("ask") is to prompt whether to
+	skip this commit and continue, or quit.  This option can be used
+	to bypass the prompt, causing conflicting commits to be automatically
+	skipped, or to quit trying to apply commits, without prompting.
+
+--branch <branch>::
+	After submitting, sync this named branch instead of the default
+	p4/master.  See the "Sync options" section above for more
+	information.
+
+Rebase options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+These options can be used to modify 'git p4 rebase' behavior.
+
+--import-labels::
+	Import p4 labels.
+
+DEPOT PATH SYNTAX
+-----------------
+The p4 depot path argument to 'git p4 sync' and 'git p4 clone' can
+be one or more space-separated p4 depot paths, with an optional
+p4 revision specifier on the end:
+
+"//depot/my/project"::
+    Import one commit with all files in the '#head' change under that tree.
+
+"//depot/my/project@all"::
+    Import one commit for each change in the history of that depot path.
+
+"//depot/my/project@1,6"::
+    Import only changes 1 through 6.
+
+"//depot/proj1@all //depot/proj2@all"::
+    Import all changes from both named depot paths into a single
+    repository.  Only files below these directories are included.
+    There is not a subdirectory in git for each "proj1" and "proj2".
+    You must use the '--destination' option when specifying more
+    than one depot path.  The revision specifier must be specified
+    identically on each depot path.  If there are files in the
+    depot paths with the same name, the path with the most recently
+    updated version of the file is the one that appears in git.
+
+See 'p4 help revisions' for the full syntax of p4 revision specifiers.
+
+
+CLIENT SPEC
+-----------
+The p4 client specification is maintained with the 'p4 client' command
+and contains among other fields, a View that specifies how the depot
+is mapped into the client repository.  The 'clone' and 'sync' commands
+can consult the client spec when given the '--use-client-spec' option or
+when the useClientSpec variable is true.  After 'git p4 clone', the
+useClientSpec variable is automatically set in the repository
+configuration file.  This allows future 'git p4 submit' commands to
+work properly; the submit command looks only at the variable and does
+not have a command-line option.
+
+The full syntax for a p4 view is documented in 'p4 help views'.  'Git p4'
+knows only a subset of the view syntax.  It understands multi-line
+mappings, overlays with '+', exclusions with '-' and double-quotes
+around whitespace.  Of the possible wildcards, 'git p4' only handles
+'...', and only when it is at the end of the path.  'Git p4' will complain
+if it encounters an unhandled wildcard.
+
+Bugs in the implementation of overlap mappings exist.  If multiple depot
+paths map through overlays to the same location in the repository,
+'git p4' can choose the wrong one.  This is hard to solve without
+dedicating a client spec just for 'git p4'.
+
+The name of the client can be given to 'git p4' in multiple ways.  The
+variable 'git-p4.client' takes precedence if it exists.  Otherwise,
+normal p4 mechanisms of determining the client are used:  environment
+variable P4CLIENT, a file referenced by P4CONFIG, or the local host name.
+
+
+BRANCH DETECTION
+----------------
+P4 does not have the same concept of a branch as git.  Instead,
+p4 organizes its content as a directory tree, where by convention
+different logical branches are in different locations in the tree.
+The 'p4 branch' command is used to maintain mappings between
+different areas in the tree, and indicate related content.  'git p4'
+can use these mappings to determine branch relationships.
+
+If you have a repository where all the branches of interest exist as
+subdirectories of a single depot path, you can use '--detect-branches'
+when cloning or syncing to have 'git p4' automatically find
+subdirectories in p4, and to generate these as branches in git.
+
+For example, if the P4 repository structure is:
+----
+//depot/main/...
+//depot/branch1/...
+----
+
+And "p4 branch -o branch1" shows a View line that looks like:
+----
+//depot/main/... //depot/branch1/...
+----
+
+Then this 'git p4 clone' command:
+----
+git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all
+----
+produces a separate branch in 'refs/remotes/p4/' for //depot/main,
+called 'master', and one for //depot/branch1 called 'depot/branch1'.
+
+However, it is not necessary to create branches in p4 to be able to use
+them like branches.  Because it is difficult to infer branch
+relationships automatically, a git configuration setting
+'git-p4.branchList' can be used to explicitly identify branch
+relationships.  It is a list of "source:destination" pairs, like a
+simple p4 branch specification, where the "source" and "destination" are
+the path elements in the p4 repository.  The example above relied on the
+presence of the p4 branch.  Without p4 branches, the same result will
+occur with:
+----
+git init depot
+cd depot
+git config git-p4.branchList main:branch1
+git p4 clone --detect-branches //depot@all .
+----
+
+
+PERFORMANCE
+-----------
+The fast-import mechanism used by 'git p4' creates one pack file for
+each invocation of 'git p4 sync'.  Normally, git garbage compression
+(linkgit:git-gc[1]) automatically compresses these to fewer pack files,
+but explicit invocation of 'git repack -adf' may improve performance.
+
+
+CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+-----------------------
+The following config settings can be used to modify 'git p4' behavior.
+They all are in the 'git-p4' section.
+
+General variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.user::
+	User specified as an option to all p4 commands, with '-u <user>'.
+	The environment variable 'P4USER' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.password::
+	Password specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+	'-P <password>'.
+	The environment variable 'P4PASS' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.port::
+	Port specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+	'-p <port>'.
+	The environment variable 'P4PORT' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.host::
+	Host specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+	'-h <host>'.
+	The environment variable 'P4HOST' can be used instead.
+
+git-p4.client::
+	Client specified as an option to all p4 commands, with
+	'-c <client>', including the client spec.
+
+Clone and sync variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.syncFromOrigin::
+	Because importing commits from other git repositories is much faster
+	than importing them from p4, a mechanism exists to find p4 changes
+	first in git remotes.  If branches exist under 'refs/remote/origin/p4',
+	those will be fetched and used when syncing from p4.  This
+	variable can be set to 'false' to disable this behavior.
+
+git-p4.branchUser::
+	One phase in branch detection involves looking at p4 branches
+	to find new ones to import.  By default, all branches are
+	inspected.  This option limits the search to just those owned
+	by the single user named in the variable.
+
+git-p4.branchList::
+	List of branches to be imported when branch detection is
+	enabled.  Each entry should be a pair of branch names separated
+	by a colon (:).  This example declares that both branchA and
+	branchB were created from main:
++
+-------------
+git config       git-p4.branchList main:branchA
+git config --add git-p4.branchList main:branchB
+-------------
+
+git-p4.ignoredP4Labels::
+	List of p4 labels to ignore. This is built automatically as
+	unimportable labels are discovered.
+
+git-p4.importLabels::
+	Import p4 labels into git, as per --import-labels.
+
+git-p4.labelImportRegexp::
+	Only p4 labels matching this regular expression will be imported. The
+	default value is '[a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+$'.
+
+git-p4.useClientSpec::
+	Specify that the p4 client spec should be used to identify p4
+	depot paths of interest.  This is equivalent to specifying the
+	option '--use-client-spec'.  See the "CLIENT SPEC" section above.
+	This variable is a boolean, not the name of a p4 client.
+
+Submit variables
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+git-p4.detectRenames::
+	Detect renames.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  This can be true,
+	false, or a score as expected by 'git diff -M'.
+
+git-p4.detectCopies::
+	Detect copies.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  This can be true,
+	false, or a score as expected by 'git diff -C'.
+
+git-p4.detectCopiesHarder::
+	Detect copies harder.  See linkgit:git-diff[1].  A boolean.
+
+git-p4.preserveUser::
+	On submit, re-author changes to reflect the git author,
+	regardless of who invokes 'git p4 submit'.
+
+git-p4.allowMissingP4Users::
+	When 'preserveUser' is true, 'git p4' normally dies if it
+	cannot find an author in the p4 user map.  This setting
+	submits the change regardless.
+
+git-p4.skipSubmitEdit::
+	The submit process invokes the editor before each p4 change
+	is submitted.  If this setting is true, though, the editing
+	step is skipped.
+
+git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck::
+	After editing the p4 change message, 'git p4' makes sure that
+	the description really was changed by looking at the file
+	modification time.  This option disables that test.
+
+git-p4.allowSubmit::
+	By default, any branch can be used as the source for a 'git p4
+	submit' operation.  This configuration variable, if set, permits only
+	the named branches to be used as submit sources.  Branch names
+	must be the short names (no "refs/heads/"), and should be
+	separated by commas (","), with no spaces.
+
+git-p4.skipUserNameCheck::
+	If the user running 'git p4 submit' does not exist in the p4
+	user map, 'git p4' exits.  This option can be used to force
+	submission regardless.
+
+git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup::
+	If enabled, 'git p4 submit' will attempt to cleanup RCS keywords
+	($Header$, etc). These would otherwise cause merge conflicts and prevent
+	the submit going ahead. This option should be considered experimental at
+	present.
+
+git-p4.exportLabels::
+	Export git tags to p4 labels, as per --export-labels.
+
+git-p4.labelExportRegexp::
+	Only p4 labels matching this regular expression will be exported. The
+	default value is '[a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+$'.
+
+git-p4.conflict::
+	Specify submit behavior when a conflict with p4 is found, as per
+	--conflict.  The default behavior is 'ask'.
+
+IMPLEMENTATION DETAILS
+----------------------
+* Changesets from p4 are imported using git fast-import.
+* Cloning or syncing does not require a p4 client; file contents are
+  collected using 'p4 print'.
+* Submitting requires a p4 client, which is not in the same location
+  as the git repository.  Patches are applied, one at a time, to
+  this p4 client and submitted from there.
+* Each commit imported by 'git p4' has a line at the end of the log
+  message indicating the p4 depot location and change number.  This
+  line is used by later 'git p4 sync' operations to know which p4
+  changes are new.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
index a3c6677..f131677 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pack-refs.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@
 -----------
 
 Traditionally, tips of branches and tags (collectively known as
-'refs') were stored one file per ref under `$GIT_DIR/refs`
+'refs') were stored one file per ref in a (sub)directory
+under `$GIT_DIR/refs`
 directory.  While many branch tips tend to be updated often,
 most tags and some branch tips are never updated.  When a
 repository has hundreds or thousands of tags, this
@@ -22,17 +23,18 @@
 performance.
 
 This command is used to solve the storage and performance
-problem by stashing the refs in a single file,
+problem by storing the refs in a single file,
 `$GIT_DIR/packed-refs`.  When a ref is missing from the
-traditional `$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy, it is looked up in this
+traditional `$GIT_DIR/refs` directory hierarchy, it is looked
+up in this
 file and used if found.
 
 Subsequent updates to branches always create new files under
-`$GIT_DIR/refs` hierarchy.
+`$GIT_DIR/refs` directory hierarchy.
 
 A recommended practice to deal with a repository with too many
 refs is to pack its refs with `--all --prune` once, and
-occasionally run `git pack-refs \--prune`.  Tags are by
+occasionally run `git pack-refs --prune`.  Tags are by
 definition stationary and are not expected to change.  Branch
 heads will be packed with the initial `pack-refs --all`, but
 only the currently active branch heads will become unpacked,
@@ -57,6 +59,15 @@
 The command usually removes loose refs under `$GIT_DIR/refs`
 hierarchy after packing them.  This option tells it not to.
 
+
+BUGS
+----
+
+Older documentation written before the packed-refs mechanism was
+introduced may still say things like ".git/refs/heads/<branch> file
+exists" when it means "branch <branch> exists".
+
+
 GIT
 ---
 Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/git-pull.txt b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
index e1da468..67fa5ee 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-pull.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-pull.txt
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
 
 :git-pull: 1
 
+-r::
 --rebase::
 	Rebase the current branch on top of the upstream branch after
 	fetching.  If there is a remote-tracking branch corresponding to
@@ -108,9 +109,9 @@
 	fetched, the rebase uses that information to avoid rebasing
 	non-local changes.
 +
-See `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autosetuprebase` in
+See `pull.rebase`, `branch.<name>.rebase` and `branch.autosetuprebase` in
 linkgit:git-config[1] if you want to make `git pull` always use
-`{litdd}rebase` instead of merging.
+`--rebase` instead of merging.
 +
 [NOTE]
 This is a potentially _dangerous_ mode of operation.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-push.txt b/Documentation/git-push.txt
index aede488..c964b79 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-push.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-push.txt
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git push' [--all | --mirror | --tags] [-n | --dry-run] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>]
-	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [-v | --verbose] [-u | --set-upstream]
+	   [--repo=<repository>] [-f | --force] [--prune] [-v | --verbose] [-u | --set-upstream]
 	   [<repository> [<refspec>...]]
 
 DESCRIPTION
@@ -34,10 +34,12 @@
 
 <refspec>...::
 	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
-	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	`+`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
 	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
 	It is used to specify with what <src> object the <dst> ref
-	in the remote repository is to be updated.
+	in the remote repository is to be updated.  If not specified,
+	the behavior of the command is controlled by the `push.default`
+	configuration variable.
 +
 The <src> is often the name of the branch you would want to push, but
 it can be any arbitrary "SHA-1 expression", such as `master~4` or
@@ -49,10 +51,11 @@
 updated.
 +
 The object referenced by <src> is used to update the <dst> reference
-on the remote side, but by default this is only allowed if the
-update can fast-forward <dst>.  By having the optional leading `{plus}`,
-you can tell git to update the <dst> ref even when the update is not a
-fast-forward.  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
+on the remote side.  By default this is only allowed if <dst> is not
+a tag (annotated or lightweight), and then only if it can fast-forward
+<dst>.  By having the optional leading `+`, you can tell git to update
+the <dst> ref even if it is not allowed by default (e.g., it is not a
+fast-forward.)  This does *not* attempt to merge <src> into <dst>.  See
 EXAMPLES below for details.
 +
 `tag <tag>` means the same as `refs/tags/<tag>:refs/tags/<tag>`.
@@ -60,17 +63,26 @@
 Pushing an empty <src> allows you to delete the <dst> ref from
 the remote repository.
 +
-The special refspec `:` (or `{plus}:` to allow non-fast-forward updates)
+The special refspec `:` (or `+:` to allow non-fast-forward updates)
 directs git to push "matching" branches: for every branch that exists on
 the local side, the remote side is updated if a branch of the same name
 already exists on the remote side.  This is the default operation mode
 if no explicit refspec is found (that is neither on the command line
-nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below).
+nor in any Push line of the corresponding remotes file---see below) and
+no `push.default` configuration variable is set.
 
 --all::
 	Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
 	refs under `refs/heads/` be pushed.
 
+--prune::
+	Remove remote branches that don't have a local counterpart. For example
+	a remote branch `tmp` will be removed if a local branch with the same
+	name doesn't exist any more. This also respects refspecs, e.g.
+	`git push --prune remote refs/heads/*:refs/tmp/*` would
+	make sure that remote `refs/tmp/foo` will be removed if `refs/heads/foo`
+	doesn't exist.
+
 --mirror::
 	Instead of naming each ref to push, specifies that all
 	refs under `refs/` (which includes but is not
@@ -162,10 +174,16 @@
 	is specified. This flag forces progress status even if the
 	standard error stream is not directed to a terminal.
 
---recurse-submodules=check::
-	Check whether all submodule commits used by the revisions to be
-	pushed are available on a remote tracking branch. Otherwise the
-	push will be aborted and the command will exit with non-zero status.
+--recurse-submodules=check|on-demand::
+	Make sure all submodule commits used by the revisions to be
+	pushed are available on a remote-tracking branch. If 'check' is
+	used git will verify that all submodule commits that changed in
+	the revisions to be pushed are available on at least one remote
+	of the submodule. If any commits are missing the push will be
+	aborted and exit with non-zero status. If 'on-demand' is used
+	all submodules that changed in the revisions to be pushed will
+	be pushed. If on-demand was not able to push all necessary
+	revisions it will also be aborted and exit with non-zero status.
 
 
 include::urls-remotes.txt[]
@@ -196,7 +214,7 @@
 flag::
 	A single character indicating the status of the ref:
 (space);; for a successfully pushed fast-forward;
-`{plus}`;; for a successful forced update;
+`+`;; for a successful forced update;
 `-`;; for a successfully deleted ref;
 `*`;; for a successfully pushed new ref;
 `!`;; for a ref that was rejected or failed to push; and
@@ -206,7 +224,7 @@
 	For a successfully pushed ref, the summary shows the old and new
 	values of the ref in a form suitable for using as an argument to
 	`git log` (this is `<old>..<new>` in most cases, and
-	`<old>\...<new>` for forced non-fast-forward updates).
+	`<old>...<new>` for forced non-fast-forward updates).
 +
 For a failed update, more details are given:
 +
@@ -269,7 +287,8 @@
 ----------------
 
 Further suppose that the other person already pushed changes leading to A
-back to the original repository you two obtained the original commit X.
+back to the original repository from which you two obtained the original
+commit X.
 
 The push done by the other person updated the branch that used to point at
 commit X to point at commit A.  It is a fast-forward.
@@ -343,7 +362,8 @@
 	`git push origin :`.
 +
 The default behavior of this command when no <refspec> is given can be
-configured by setting the `push` option of the remote.
+configured by setting the `push` option of the remote, or the `push.default`
+configuration variable.
 +
 For example, to default to pushing only the current branch to `origin`
 use `git config remote.origin.push HEAD`.  Any valid <refspec> (like
@@ -366,11 +386,23 @@
 	A handy way to push the current branch to the same name on the
 	remote.
 
-`git push origin master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev`::
+`git push mothership master:satellite/master dev:satellite/dev`::
 	Use the source ref that matches `master` (e.g. `refs/heads/master`)
 	to update the ref that matches `satellite/master` (most probably
-	`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `origin` repository, then
+	`refs/remotes/satellite/master`) in the `mothership` repository;
 	do the same for `dev` and `satellite/dev`.
++
+This is to emulate `git fetch` run on the `mothership` using `git
+push` that is run in the opposite direction in order to integrate
+the work done on `satellite`, and is often necessary when you can
+only make connection in one way (i.e. satellite can ssh into
+mothership but mothership cannot initiate connection to satellite
+because the latter is behind a firewall or does not run sshd).
++
+After running this `git push` on the `satellite` machine, you would
+ssh into the `mothership` and run `git merge` there to complete the
+emulation of `git pull` that were run on `mothership` to pull changes
+made on `satellite`.
 
 `git push origin HEAD:master`::
 	Push the current branch to the remote ref matching `master` in the
@@ -388,7 +420,7 @@
 	Find a ref that matches `experimental` in the `origin` repository
 	(e.g. `refs/heads/experimental`), and delete it.
 
-`git push origin {plus}dev:master`::
+`git push origin +dev:master`::
 	Update the origin repository's master branch with the dev branch,
 	allowing non-fast-forward updates.  *This can leave unreferenced
 	commits dangling in the origin repository.*  Consider the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
index 5375549..c4bde65 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-read-tree.txt
@@ -83,11 +83,10 @@
 
 --prefix=<prefix>/::
 	Keep the current index contents, and read the contents
-	of the named tree-ish under the directory at `<prefix>`. The
-	original index file cannot have anything at the path
-	`<prefix>` itself, nor anything in the `<prefix>/`
-	directory.  Note that the `<prefix>/` value must end
-	with a slash.
+	of the named tree-ish under the directory at `<prefix>`.
+	The command will refuse to overwrite entries that already
+	existed in the original index file. Note that the `<prefix>/`
+	value must end with a slash.
 
 --exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>::
 	When running the command with `-u` and `-m` options, the
@@ -342,7 +341,7 @@
 
 ----------------
 $ git fetch git://.... linus
-$ LT=`cat .git/FETCH_HEAD`
+$ LT=`git rev-parse FETCH_HEAD`
 ----------------
 
 Your work tree is still based on your HEAD ($JC), but you have
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
index 504945c..da067ec 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rebase.txt
@@ -8,11 +8,11 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--onto <newbase>]
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
 	[<upstream>] [<branch>]
-'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] --onto <newbase>
+'git rebase' [-i | --interactive] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>]
 	--root [<branch>]
-'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort
+'git rebase' --continue | --skip | --abort | --edit-todo
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
-<newbase>::
+--onto <newbase>::
 	Starting point at which to create the new commits. If the
 	--onto option is not specified, the starting point is
 	<upstream>.  May be any valid commit, and not just an
@@ -238,9 +238,16 @@
 	will be reset to where it was when the rebase operation was
 	started.
 
+--keep-empty::
+	Keep the commits that do not change anything from its
+	parents in the result.
+
 --skip::
 	Restart the rebasing process by skipping the current patch.
 
+--edit-todo::
+	Edit the todo list during an interactive rebase.
+
 -m::
 --merge::
 	Use merging strategies to rebase.  When the recursive (default) merge
@@ -267,9 +274,9 @@
 -X <strategy-option>::
 --strategy-option=<strategy-option>::
 	Pass the <strategy-option> through to the merge strategy.
-	This implies `\--merge` and, if no strategy has been
+	This implies `--merge` and, if no strategy has been
 	specified, `-s recursive`.  Note the reversal of 'ours' and
-	'theirs' as noted in above for the `-m` option.
+	'theirs' as noted above for the `-m` option.
 
 -q::
 --quiet::
@@ -340,14 +347,36 @@
 with the `--interactive` option explicitly is generally not a good
 idea unless you know what you are doing (see BUGS below).
 
+-x <cmd>::
+--exec <cmd>::
+	Append "exec <cmd>" after each line creating a commit in the
+	final history. <cmd> will be interpreted as one or more shell
+	commands.
++
+This option can only be used with the `--interactive` option
+(see INTERACTIVE MODE below).
++
+You may execute several commands by either using one instance of `--exec`
+with several commands:
++
+	git rebase -i --exec "cmd1 && cmd2 && ..."
++
+or by giving more than one `--exec`:
++
+	git rebase -i --exec "cmd1" --exec "cmd2" --exec ...
++
+If `--autosquash` is used, "exec" lines will not be appended for
+the intermediate commits, and will only appear at the end of each
+squash/fixup series.
 
 --root::
 	Rebase all commits reachable from <branch>, instead of
 	limiting them with an <upstream>.  This allows you to rebase
-	the root commit(s) on a branch.  Must be used with --onto, and
+	the root commit(s) on a branch.  When used with --onto, it
 	will skip changes already contained in <newbase> (instead of
-	<upstream>).  When used together with --preserve-merges, 'all'
-	root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent
+	<upstream>) whereas without --onto it will operate on every change.
+	When used together with both --onto and --preserve-merges,
+	'all' root commits will be rewritten to have <newbase> as parent
 	instead.
 
 --autosquash::
@@ -409,10 +438,13 @@
 
 where point 2. consists of several instances of
 
-a. regular use
+a) regular use
+
  1. finish something worthy of a commit
  2. commit
-b. independent fixup
+
+b) independent fixup
+
  1. realize that something does not work
  2. fix that
  3. commit it
@@ -514,6 +546,24 @@
 use shell features (like "cd", ">", ";" ...). The command is run from
 the root of the working tree.
 
+----------------------------------
+$ git rebase -i --exec "make test"
+----------------------------------
+
+This command lets you check that intermediate commits are compilable.
+The todo list becomes like that:
+
+--------------------
+pick 5928aea one
+exec make test
+pick 04d0fda two
+exec make test
+pick ba46169 three
+exec make test
+pick f4593f9 four
+exec make test
+--------------------
+
 SPLITTING COMMITS
 -----------------
 
@@ -608,8 +658,8 @@
 Hard case: The changes are not the same.::
 
 	This happens if the 'subsystem' rebase had conflicts, or used
-	`\--interactive` to omit, edit, squash, or fixup commits; or
-	if the upstream used one of `commit \--amend`, `reset`, or
+	`--interactive` to omit, edit, squash, or fixup commits; or
+	if the upstream used one of `commit --amend`, `reset`, or
 	`filter-branch`.
 
 
@@ -645,7 +695,7 @@
 NOTE: While an "easy case recovery" sometimes appears to be successful
       even in the hard case, it may have unintended consequences.  For
       example, a commit that was removed via `git rebase
-      \--interactive` will be **resurrected**!
+      --interactive` will be **resurrected**!
 
 The idea is to manually tell 'git rebase' "where the old 'subsystem'
 ended and your 'topic' began", that is, what the old merge-base
@@ -653,7 +703,7 @@
 of the old 'subsystem', for example:
 
 * With the 'subsystem' reflog: after 'git fetch', the old tip of
-  'subsystem' is at `subsystem@\{1}`.  Subsequent fetches will
+  'subsystem' is at `subsystem@{1}`.  Subsequent fetches will
   increase the number.  (See linkgit:git-reflog[1].)
 
 * Relative to the tip of 'topic': knowing that your 'topic' has three
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
index 976dc14..7fe2d22 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reflog.txt
@@ -39,13 +39,13 @@
 see linkgit:git-log[1].
 
 The reflog is useful in various git commands, to specify the old value
-of a reference. For example, `HEAD@\{2\}` means "where HEAD used to be
-two moves ago", `master@\{one.week.ago\}` means "where master used to
+of a reference. For example, `HEAD@{2}` means "where HEAD used to be
+two moves ago", `master@{one.week.ago}` means "where master used to
 point to one week ago", and so on. See linkgit:gitrevisions[7] for
 more details.
 
 To delete single entries from the reflog, use the subcommand "delete"
-and specify the _exact_ entry (e.g. "`git reflog delete master@\{2\}`").
+and specify the _exact_ entry (e.g. "`git reflog delete master@{2}`").
 
 
 OPTIONS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
index 674797c..6d696e0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-helpers.txt
@@ -35,130 +35,6 @@
 'git-remote-ftp' and 'git-remote-ftps'. They implement the capabilities
 'fetch', 'option', and 'push'.
 
-INPUT FORMAT
-------------
-
-Git sends the remote helper a list of commands on standard input, one
-per line.  The first command is always the 'capabilities' command, in
-response to which the remote helper must print a list of the
-capabilities it supports (see below) followed by a blank line.  The
-response to the capabilities command determines what commands Git uses
-in the remainder of the command stream.
-
-The command stream is terminated by a blank line.  In some cases
-(indicated in the documentation of the relevant commands), this blank
-line is followed by a payload in some other protocol (e.g., the pack
-protocol), while in others it indicates the end of input.
-
-Capabilities
-~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Each remote helper is expected to support only a subset of commands.
-The operations a helper supports are declared to git in the response
-to the `capabilities` command (see COMMANDS, below).
-
-'option'::
-	For specifying settings like `verbosity` (how much output to
-	write to stderr) and `depth` (how much history is wanted in the
-	case of a shallow clone) that affect how other commands are
-	carried out.
-
-'connect'::
-	For fetching and pushing using git's native packfile protocol
-	that requires a bidirectional, full-duplex connection.
-
-'push'::
-	For listing remote refs and pushing specified objects from the
-	local object store to remote refs.
-
-'fetch'::
-	For listing remote refs and fetching the associated history to
-	the local object store.
-
-'import'::
-	For listing remote refs and fetching the associated history as
-	a fast-import stream.
-
-'refspec' <refspec>::
-	This modifies the 'import' capability, allowing the produced
-	fast-import stream to modify refs in a private namespace
-	instead of writing to refs/heads or refs/remotes directly.
-	It is recommended that all importers providing the 'import'
-	capability use this.
-+
-A helper advertising the capability
-`refspec refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/svn/origin/branches/{asterisk}`
-is saying that, when it is asked to `import refs/heads/topic`, the
-stream it outputs will update the `refs/svn/origin/branches/topic`
-ref.
-+
-This capability can be advertised multiple times.  The first
-applicable refspec takes precedence.  The left-hand of refspecs
-advertised with this capability must cover all refs reported by
-the list command.  If no 'refspec' capability is advertised,
-there is an implied `refspec {asterisk}:{asterisk}`.
-
-Capabilities for Pushing
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-'connect'::
-	Can attempt to connect to 'git receive-pack' (for pushing),
-	'git upload-pack', etc for communication using the
-	packfile protocol.
-+
-Supported commands: 'connect'.
-
-'push'::
-	Can discover remote refs and push local commits and the
-	history leading up to them to new or existing remote refs.
-+
-Supported commands: 'list for-push', 'push'.
-
-If a helper advertises both 'connect' and 'push', git will use
-'connect' if possible and fall back to 'push' if the helper requests
-so when connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
-
-Capabilities for Fetching
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-'connect'::
-	Can try to connect to 'git upload-pack' (for fetching),
-	'git receive-pack', etc for communication using the
-	packfile protocol.
-+
-Supported commands: 'connect'.
-
-'fetch'::
-	Can discover remote refs and transfer objects reachable from
-	them to the local object store.
-+
-Supported commands: 'list', 'fetch'.
-
-'import'::
-	Can discover remote refs and output objects reachable from
-	them as a stream in fast-import format.
-+
-Supported commands: 'list', 'import'.
-
-If a helper advertises 'connect', git will use it if possible and
-fall back to another capability if the helper requests so when
-connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
-When choosing between 'fetch' and 'import', git prefers 'fetch'.
-Other frontends may have some other order of preference.
-
-'refspec' <refspec>::
-	This modifies the 'import' capability.
-+
-A helper advertising
-`refspec refs/heads/{asterisk}:refs/svn/origin/branches/{asterisk}`
-in its capabilities is saying that, when it handles
-`import refs/heads/topic`, the stream it outputs will update the
-`refs/svn/origin/branches/topic` ref.
-+
-This capability can be advertised multiple times.  The first
-applicable refspec takes precedence.  The left-hand of refspecs
-advertised with this capability must cover all refs reported by
-the list command.  If no 'refspec' capability is advertised,
-there is an implied `refspec {asterisk}:{asterisk}`.
-
 INVOCATION
 ----------
 
@@ -190,6 +66,145 @@
 '<name>' as the first argument. If set, the second argument is
 'remote.<name>.url'; otherwise, the second argument is omitted.
 
+INPUT FORMAT
+------------
+
+Git sends the remote helper a list of commands on standard input, one
+per line.  The first command is always the 'capabilities' command, in
+response to which the remote helper must print a list of the
+capabilities it supports (see below) followed by a blank line.  The
+response to the capabilities command determines what commands Git uses
+in the remainder of the command stream.
+
+The command stream is terminated by a blank line.  In some cases
+(indicated in the documentation of the relevant commands), this blank
+line is followed by a payload in some other protocol (e.g., the pack
+protocol), while in others it indicates the end of input.
+
+Capabilities
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Each remote helper is expected to support only a subset of commands.
+The operations a helper supports are declared to git in the response
+to the `capabilities` command (see COMMANDS, below).
+
+In the following, we list all defined capabilities and for
+each we list which commands a helper with that capability
+must provide.
+
+Capabilities for Pushing
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+'connect'::
+	Can attempt to connect to 'git receive-pack' (for pushing),
+	'git upload-pack', etc for communication using
+	git's native packfile protocol. This
+	requires a bidirectional, full-duplex connection.
++
+Supported commands: 'connect'.
+
+'push'::
+	Can discover remote refs and push local commits and the
+	history leading up to them to new or existing remote refs.
++
+Supported commands: 'list for-push', 'push'.
+
+'export'::
+	Can discover remote refs and push specified objects from a
+	fast-import stream to remote refs.
++
+Supported commands: 'list for-push', 'export'.
+
+If a helper advertises 'connect', git will use it if possible and
+fall back to another capability if the helper requests so when
+connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
+When choosing between 'push' and 'export', git prefers 'push'.
+Other frontends may have some other order of preference.
+
+
+Capabilities for Fetching
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+'connect'::
+	Can try to connect to 'git upload-pack' (for fetching),
+	'git receive-pack', etc for communication using the
+	git's native packfile protocol. This
+	requires a bidirectional, full-duplex connection.
++
+Supported commands: 'connect'.
+
+'fetch'::
+	Can discover remote refs and transfer objects reachable from
+	them to the local object store.
++
+Supported commands: 'list', 'fetch'.
+
+'import'::
+	Can discover remote refs and output objects reachable from
+	them as a stream in fast-import format.
++
+Supported commands: 'list', 'import'.
+
+If a helper advertises 'connect', git will use it if possible and
+fall back to another capability if the helper requests so when
+connecting (see the 'connect' command under COMMANDS).
+When choosing between 'fetch' and 'import', git prefers 'fetch'.
+Other frontends may have some other order of preference.
+
+Miscellaneous capabilities
+^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+'option'::
+	For specifying settings like `verbosity` (how much output to
+	write to stderr) and `depth` (how much history is wanted in the
+	case of a shallow clone) that affect how other commands are
+	carried out.
+
+'refspec' <refspec>::
+	This modifies the 'import' capability, allowing the produced
+	fast-import stream to modify refs in a private namespace
+	instead of writing to refs/heads or refs/remotes directly.
+	It is recommended that all importers providing the 'import'
+	capability use this.
++
+A helper advertising the capability
+`refspec refs/heads/*:refs/svn/origin/branches/*`
+is saying that, when it is asked to `import refs/heads/topic`, the
+stream it outputs will update the `refs/svn/origin/branches/topic`
+ref.
++
+This capability can be advertised multiple times.  The first
+applicable refspec takes precedence.  The left-hand of refspecs
+advertised with this capability must cover all refs reported by
+the list command.  If no 'refspec' capability is advertised,
+there is an implied `refspec *:*`.
+
+'bidi-import'::
+	This modifies the 'import' capability.
+	The fast-import commands 'cat-blob' and 'ls' can be used by remote-helpers
+	to retrieve information about blobs and trees that already exist in
+	fast-import's memory. This requires a channel from fast-import to the
+	remote-helper.
+	If it is advertised in addition to "import", git establishes a pipe from
+	fast-import to the remote-helper's stdin.
+	It follows that git and fast-import are both connected to the
+	remote-helper's stdin. Because git can send multiple commands to
+	the remote-helper it is required that helpers that use 'bidi-import'
+	buffer all 'import' commands of a batch before sending data to fast-import.
+	This is to prevent mixing commands and fast-import responses on the
+	helper's stdin.
+
+'export-marks' <file>::
+	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing git to dump the
+	internal marks table to <file> when complete. For details,
+	read up on '--export-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+
+'import-marks' <file>::
+	This modifies the 'export' capability, instructing git to load the
+	marks specified in <file> before processing any input. For details,
+	read up on '--import-marks=<file>' in linkgit:git-fast-export[1].
+
+
+
+
 COMMANDS
 --------
 
@@ -198,9 +213,11 @@
 'capabilities'::
 	Lists the capabilities of the helper, one per line, ending
 	with a blank line. Each capability may be preceded with '*',
-	which marks them mandatory for git version using the remote
-	helper to understand (unknown mandatory capability is fatal
-	error).
+	which marks them mandatory for git versions using the remote
+	helper to understand. Any unknown mandatory capability is a
+	fatal error.
++
+Support for this command is mandatory.
 
 'list'::
 	Lists the refs, one per line, in the format "<value> <name>
@@ -210,9 +227,20 @@
 	the name; unrecognized attributes are ignored. The list ends
 	with a blank line.
 +
-If 'push' is supported this may be called as 'list for-push'
-to obtain the current refs prior to sending one or more 'push'
-commands to the helper.
+See REF LIST ATTRIBUTES for a list of currently defined attributes.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "fetch" or "import" capability.
+
+'list for-push'::
+	Similar to 'list', except that it is used if and only if
+	the caller wants to the resulting ref list to prepare
+	push commands.
+	A helper supporting both push and fetch can use this
+	to distinguish for which operation the output of 'list'
+	is going to be used, possibly reducing the amount
+	of work that needs to be performed.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "push" or "export" capability.
 
 'option' <name> <value>::
 	Sets the transport helper option <name> to <value>.  Outputs a
@@ -222,6 +250,8 @@
 	for it).  Options should be set before other commands,
 	and may influence the behavior of those commands.
 +
+See OPTIONS for a list of currently defined options.
++
 Supported if the helper has the "option" capability.
 
 'fetch' <sha1> <name>::
@@ -230,7 +260,7 @@
 	per line, terminated with a blank line.
 	Outputs a single blank line when all fetch commands in the
 	same batch are complete. Only objects which were reported
-	in the ref list with a sha1 may be fetched this way.
+	in the output of 'list' with a sha1 may be fetched this way.
 +
 Optionally may output a 'lock <file>' line indicating a file under
 GIT_DIR/objects/pack which is keeping a pack until refs can be
@@ -286,8 +316,29 @@
 helper should produce a fast-import stream terminated by a 'done'
 command.
 +
+Note that if the 'bidi-import' capability is used the complete batch
+sequence has to be buffered before starting to send data to fast-import
+to prevent mixing of commands and fast-import responses on the helper's
+stdin.
++
 Supported if the helper has the "import" capability.
 
+'export'::
+	Instructs the remote helper that any subsequent input is
+	part of a fast-import stream (generated by 'git fast-export')
+	containing objects which should be pushed to the remote.
++
+Especially useful for interoperability with a foreign versioning
+system.
++
+The 'export-marks' and 'import-marks' capabilities, if specified,
+affect this command in so far as they are passed on to 'git
+fast-export', which then will load/store a table of marks for
+local objects. This can be used to implement for incremental
+operations.
++
+Supported if the helper has the "export" capability.
+
 'connect' <service>::
 	Connects to given service. Standard input and standard output
 	of helper are connected to specified service (git prefix is
@@ -313,10 +364,9 @@
 REF LIST ATTRIBUTES
 -------------------
 
-'for-push'::
-	The caller wants to use the ref list to prepare push
-	commands.  A helper might chose to acquire the ref list by
-	opening a different type of connection to the destination.
+The 'list' command produces a list of refs in which each ref
+may be followed by a list of attributes. The following ref list
+attributes are defined.
 
 'unchanged'::
 	This ref is unchanged since the last import or fetch, although
@@ -324,6 +374,10 @@
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
+
+The following options are defined and (under suitable circumstances)
+set by git if the remote helper has the 'option' capability.
+
 'option verbosity' <n>::
 	Changes the verbosity of messages displayed by the helper.
 	A value of 0 for <n> means that processes operate
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt b/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
index 2a67d45..612a625 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote-testgit.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 show remote-helper authors one possible implementation.
 
 The best way to learn more is to read the comments and source code in
-'git-remote-testgit.py'.
+'git-remote-testgit'.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-remote.txt b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
index 5a8c506..e8c396b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-remote.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-remote.txt
@@ -12,9 +12,9 @@
 'git remote' [-v | --verbose]
 'git remote add' [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>
 'git remote rename' <old> <new>
-'git remote rm' <name>
+'git remote remove' <name>
 'git remote set-head' <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)
-'git remote set-branches' <name> [--add] <branch>...
+'git remote set-branches' [--add] <name> <branch>...
 'git remote set-url' [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]
 'git remote set-url --add' [--push] <name> <newurl>
 'git remote set-url --delete' [--push] <name> <url>
@@ -67,14 +67,14 @@
 With `-m <master>` option, a symbolic-ref `refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD` is set
 up to point at remote's `<master>` branch. See also the set-head command.
 +
-When a fetch mirror is created with `\--mirror=fetch`, the refs will not
+When a fetch mirror is created with `--mirror=fetch`, the refs will not
 be stored in the 'refs/remotes/' namespace, but rather everything in
 'refs/' on the remote will be directly mirrored into 'refs/' in the
 local repository. This option only makes sense in bare repositories,
 because a fetch would overwrite any local commits.
 +
-When a push mirror is created with `\--mirror=push`, then `git push`
-will always behave as if `\--mirror` was passed.
+When a push mirror is created with `--mirror=push`, then `git push`
+will always behave as if `--mirror` was passed.
 
 'rename'::
 
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@
 `$GIT_DIR/remotes` or `$GIT_DIR/branches`, the remote is converted to
 the configuration file format.
 
+'remove'::
 'rm'::
 
 Remove the remote named <name>. All remote-tracking branches and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-repack.txt b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
index 40af321..4c1aff6 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-repack.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-repack.txt
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 	Especially useful when packing a repository that is used
 	for private development. Use
 	with '-d'.  This will clean up the objects that `git prune`
-	leaves behind, but `git fsck --full` shows as
+	leaves behind, but `git fsck --full --dangling` shows as
 	dangling.
 +
 Note that users fetching over dumb protocols will have to fetch the
diff --git a/Documentation/git-replace.txt b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
index 17df525..51131d0 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-replace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-replace.txt
@@ -14,14 +14,13 @@
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Adds a 'replace' reference in `.git/refs/replace/`
+Adds a 'replace' reference in `refs/replace/` namespace.
 
 The name of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the object that is
 replaced. The content of the 'replace' reference is the SHA1 of the
 replacement object.
 
-Unless `-f` is given, the 'replace' reference must not yet exist in
-`.git/refs/replace/` directory.
+Unless `-f` is given, the 'replace' reference must not yet exist.
 
 Replacement references will be used by default by all git commands
 except those doing reachability traversal (prune, pack transfer and
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
index a6253ba..a62227f 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rerere.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git rerere' ['clear'|'forget' <pathspec>|'diff'|'status'|'gc']
+'git rerere' ['clear'|'forget' <pathspec>|'diff'|'remaining'|'status'|'gc']
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -37,30 +37,35 @@
 
 'clear'::
 
-This resets the metadata used by rerere if a merge resolution is to be
+Reset the metadata used by rerere if a merge resolution is to be
 aborted.  Calling 'git am [--skip|--abort]' or 'git rebase [--skip|--abort]'
 will automatically invoke this command.
 
 'forget' <pathspec>::
 
-This resets the conflict resolutions which rerere has recorded for the current
+Reset the conflict resolutions which rerere has recorded for the current
 conflict in <pathspec>.
 
 'diff'::
 
-This displays diffs for the current state of the resolution.  It is
+Display diffs for the current state of the resolution.  It is
 useful for tracking what has changed while the user is resolving
 conflicts.  Additional arguments are passed directly to the system
 'diff' command installed in PATH.
 
 'status'::
 
-Like 'diff', but this only prints the filenames that will be tracked
-for resolutions.
+Print paths with conflicts whose merge resolution rerere will record.
+
+'remaining'::
+
+Print paths with conflicts that have not been autoresolved by rerere.
+This includes paths whose resolutions cannot be tracked by rerere,
+such as conflicting submodules.
 
 'gc'::
 
-This prunes records of conflicted merges that
+Prune records of conflicted merges that
 occurred a long time ago.  By default, unresolved conflicts older
 than 15 days and resolved conflicts older than 60
 days are pruned.  These defaults are controlled via the
@@ -96,15 +101,15 @@
 
 The commits marked with `*` touch the same area in the same
 file; you need to resolve the conflicts when creating the commit
-marked with `{plus}`.  Then you can test the result to make sure your
+marked with `+`.  Then you can test the result to make sure your
 work-in-progress still works with what is in the latest master.
 
 After this test merge, there are two ways to continue your work
 on the topic.  The easiest is to build on top of the test merge
-commit `{plus}`, and when your work in the topic branch is finally
+commit `+`, and when your work in the topic branch is finally
 ready, pull the topic branch into master, and/or ask the
 upstream to pull from you.  By that time, however, the master or
-the upstream might have been advanced since the test merge `{plus}`,
+the upstream might have been advanced since the test merge `+`,
 in which case the final commit graph would look like this:
 
 ------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-reset.txt b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
index b2832fc..a404b47 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-reset.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-reset.txt
@@ -8,20 +8,20 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...
-'git reset' [--patch|-p] [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]
+'git reset' [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...
+'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<tree-sh>] [--] [<paths>...]
 'git reset' [--soft | --mixed | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-In the first and second form, copy entries from <commit> to the index.
+In the first and second form, copy entries from <tree-ish> to the index.
 In the third form, set the current branch head (HEAD) to <commit>, optionally
-modifying index and working tree to match.  The <commit> defaults to HEAD
-in all forms.
+modifying index and working tree to match.  The <tree-ish>/<commit> defaults
+to HEAD in all forms.
 
-'git reset' [-q] [<commit>] [--] <paths>...::
+'git reset' [-q] [<tree-ish>] [--] <paths>...::
 	This form resets the index entries for all <paths> to their
-	state at <commit>.  (It does not affect the working tree, nor
+	state at <tree-ish>.  (It does not affect the working tree, nor
 	the current branch.)
 +
 This means that `git reset <paths>` is the opposite of `git add
@@ -34,20 +34,20 @@
 can copy the contents of a path out of a commit to the index and to the
 working tree in one go.
 
-'git reset' --patch|-p [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]::
+'git reset' (--patch | -p) [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]::
 	Interactively select hunks in the difference between the index
-	and <commit> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
+	and <tree-ish> (defaults to HEAD).  The chosen hunks are applied
 	in reverse to the index.
 +
 This means that `git reset -p` is the opposite of `git add -p`, i.e.
 you can use it to selectively reset hunks. See the ``Interactive Mode''
-section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
+section of linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 
-'git reset' [--<mode>] [<commit>]::
+'git reset' [<mode>] [<commit>]::
 	This form resets the current branch head to <commit> and
 	possibly updates the index (resetting it to the tree of <commit>) and
-	the working tree depending on <mode>, which
-	must be one of the following:
+	the working tree depending on <mode>. If <mode> is omitted,
+	defaults to "--mixed". The <mode> must be one of the following:
 +
 --
 --soft::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
index 8023dc0..3c63561 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rev-parse.txt
@@ -101,6 +101,12 @@
 	The option core.warnAmbiguousRefs is used to select the strict
 	abbreviation mode.
 
+--disambiguate=<prefix>::
+	Show every object whose name begins with the given prefix.
+	The <prefix> must be at least 4 hexadecimal digits long to
+	avoid listing each and every object in the repository by
+	mistake.
+
 --all::
 	Show all refs found in `refs/`.
 
@@ -113,15 +119,14 @@
 +
 If a `pattern` is given, only refs matching the given shell glob are
 shown.  If the pattern does not contain a globbing character (`?`,
-`{asterisk}`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix match by
-appending `/{asterisk}`.
+`*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix match by appending `/*`.
 
 --glob=pattern::
 	Show all refs matching the shell glob pattern `pattern`. If
 	the pattern does not start with `refs/`, this is automatically
 	prepended.  If the pattern does not contain a globbing
-	character (`?`, `{asterisk}`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix
-	match by appending `/{asterisk}`.
+	character (`?`, `*`, or `[`), it is turned into a prefix
+	match by appending `/*`.
 
 --show-toplevel::
 	Show the absolute path of the top-level directory.
@@ -138,7 +143,8 @@
 
 --git-dir::
 	Show `$GIT_DIR` if defined. Otherwise show the path to
-	the .git directory, relative to the current directory.
+	the .git directory. The path shown, when relative, is
+	relative to the current working directory.
 +
 If `$GIT_DIR` is not defined and the current directory
 is not detected to lie in a git repository or work tree
diff --git a/Documentation/git-revert.txt b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
index f351941..70152e8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-revert.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-revert.txt
@@ -9,8 +9,9 @@
 --------
 [verse]
 'git revert' [--edit | --no-edit] [-n] [-m parent-number] [-s] <commit>...
-'git revert' --reset
 'git revert' --continue
+'git revert' --quit
+'git revert' --abort
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -26,7 +27,7 @@
 should see linkgit:git-reset[1], particularly the '--hard' option.  If
 you want to extract specific files as they were in another commit, you
 should see linkgit:git-checkout[1], specifically the `git checkout
-<commit> \-- <filename>` syntax.  Take care with these alternatives as
+<commit> -- <filename>` syntax.  Take care with these alternatives as
 both will discard uncommitted changes in your working directory.
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -104,7 +105,7 @@
 	Revert the changes specified by the fourth last commit in HEAD
 	and create a new commit with the reverted changes.
 
-`git revert -n master{tilde}5..master{tilde}2`::
+`git revert -n master~5..master~2`::
 
 	Revert the changes done by commits from the fifth last commit
 	in master (included) to the third last commit in master
diff --git a/Documentation/git-rm.txt b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
index 665ad4d..262436b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-rm.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-rm.txt
@@ -79,8 +79,7 @@
 
 File globbing matches across directory boundaries.  Thus, given
 two directories `d` and `d2`, there is a difference between
-using `git rm {apostrophe}d{asterisk}{apostrophe}` and
-`git rm {apostrophe}d/{asterisk}{apostrophe}`, as the former will
+using `git rm 'd*'` and `git rm 'd/*'`, as the former will
 also remove all of directory `d2`.
 
 REMOVING FILES THAT HAVE DISAPPEARED FROM THE FILESYSTEM
@@ -135,6 +134,21 @@
 git diff --name-only --diff-filter=D -z | xargs -0 git rm --cached
 ----------------
 
+Submodules
+~~~~~~~~~~
+Only submodules using a gitfile (which means they were cloned
+with a git version 1.7.8 or newer) will be removed from the work
+tree, as their repository lives inside the .git directory of the
+superproject. If a submodule (or one of those nested inside it)
+still uses a .git directory, `git rm` will fail - no matter if forced
+or not - to protect the submodule's history.
+
+A submodule is considered up-to-date when the HEAD is the same as
+recorded in the index, no tracked files are modified and no untracked
+files that aren't ignored are present in the submodules work tree.
+Ignored files are deemed expendable and won't stop a submodule's work
+tree from being removed.
+
 EXAMPLES
 --------
 `git rm Documentation/\*.txt`::
diff --git a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
index 327233c..eeb561c 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-send-email.txt
@@ -126,6 +126,10 @@
 +
 Note that no attempts whatsoever are made to validate the encoding.
 
+--compose-encoding=<encoding>::
+	Specify encoding of compose message. Default is the value of the
+	'sendemail.composeencoding'; if that is unspecified, UTF-8 is assumed.
+
 
 Sending
 ~~~~~~~
@@ -198,6 +202,10 @@
 	if a username is not specified (with '--smtp-user' or 'sendemail.smtpuser'),
 	then authentication is not attempted.
 
+--smtp-debug=0|1::
+	Enable (1) or disable (0) debug output. If enabled, SMTP
+	commands and replies will be printed. Useful to debug TLS
+	connection and authentication problems.
 
 Automating
 ~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt
index 5c3ec32..2ffaf93 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-i18n--envsubst.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 'git sh-i18n{litdd}envsubst' is Git's stripped-down copy of the GNU
 `envsubst(1)` program that comes with the GNU gettext package. It's
 used internally by linkgit:git-sh-i18n[1] to interpolate the variables
-passed to the the `eval_gettext` function.
+passed to the `eval_gettext` function.
 
 No promises are made about the interface, or that this
 program won't disappear without warning in the next version
diff --git a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
index a2f346c..5e5f1c8 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-sh-setup.txt
@@ -68,6 +68,16 @@
 	cd_to_toplevel, which is impossible to do if there is no
 	working tree.
 
+require_clean_work_tree <action> [<hint>]::
+	checks that the working tree and index associated with the
+	repository have no uncommitted changes to tracked files.
+	Otherwise it emits an error message of the form `Cannot
+	<action>: <reason>. <hint>`, and dies.  Example:
++
+----------------
+require_clean_work_tree rebase "Please commit or stash them."
+----------------
+
 get_author_ident_from_commit::
 	outputs code for use with eval to set the GIT_AUTHOR_NAME,
 	GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL and GIT_AUTHOR_DATE variables for a given commit.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
index ff3755b..c308e91 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-shortlog.txt
@@ -14,8 +14,7 @@
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 Summarizes 'git log' output in a format suitable for inclusion
-in release announcements. Each commit will be grouped by author and
-the first line of the commit message will be shown.
+in release announcements. Each commit will be grouped by author and title.
 
 Additionally, "[PATCH]" will be stripped from the commit description.
 
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@
 --format[=<format>]::
 	Instead of the commit subject, use some other information to
 	describe each commit.  '<format>' can be any string accepted
-	by the `--format` option of 'git log', such as '{asterisk} [%h] %s'.
+	by the `--format` option of 'git log', such as '* [%h] %s'.
 	(See the "PRETTY FORMATS" section of linkgit:git-log[1].)
 
 	Each pretty-printed commit will be rewrapped before it is shown.
@@ -57,6 +56,9 @@
 	line of each entry is indented by `indent1` spaces, and the second
 	and subsequent lines are indented by `indent2` spaces. `width`,
 	`indent1`, and `indent2` default to 76, 6 and 9 respectively.
++
+If width is `0` (zero) then indent the lines of the output without wrapping
+them.
 
 
 MAPPING AUTHORS
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
index 3c45895..5dbcd47 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show-ref.txt
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 -d::
 --dereference::
 
-	Dereference tags into object IDs as well. They will be shown with "^{}"
+	Dereference tags into object IDs as well. They will be shown with "{caret}{}"
 	appended.
 
 -s::
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 --exclude-existing[=<pattern>]::
 
 	Make 'git show-ref' act as a filter that reads refs from stdin of the
-	form "^(?:<anything>\s)?<refname>(?:{backslash}{caret}\{\})?$"
+	form "`^(?:<anything>\s)?<refname>(?:\^{})?$`"
 	and performs the following actions on each:
-	(1) strip "^{}" at the end of line if any;
+	(1) strip "{caret}{}" at the end of line if any;
 	(2) ignore if pattern is provided and does not head-match refname;
 	(3) warn if refname is not a well-formed refname and skip;
 	(4) ignore if refname is a ref that exists in the local repository;
diff --git a/Documentation/git-show.txt b/Documentation/git-show.txt
index 1e38819..ae4edcc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-show.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-show.txt
@@ -52,10 +52,10 @@
 	Shows the tag `v1.0.0`, along with the object the tags
 	points at.
 
-`git show v1.0.0^\{tree\}`::
+`git show v1.0.0^{tree}`::
 	Shows the tree pointed to by the tag `v1.0.0`.
 
-`git show -s --format=%s v1.0.0^\{commit\}`::
+`git show -s --format=%s v1.0.0^{commit}`::
 	Shows the subject of the commit pointed to by the
 	tag `v1.0.0`.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stash.txt b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
index 43af38a..711ffe1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stash.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stash.txt
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@
 
 The latest stash you created is stored in `refs/stash`; older
 stashes are found in the reflog of this reference and can be named using
-the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the most recently
-created stash, `stash@\{1}` is the one before it, `stash@\{2.hours.ago}`
+the usual reflog syntax (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the most recently
+created stash, `stash@{1}` is the one before it, `stash@{2.hours.ago}`
 is also possible).
 
 OPTIONS
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 of your repository, and its worktree contains only the changes you
 selected interactively.  The selected changes are then rolled back
 from your worktree. See the ``Interactive Mode'' section of
-linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `\--patch` mode.
+linkgit:git-add[1] to learn how to operate the `--patch` mode.
 +
 The `--patch` option implies `--keep-index`.  You can use
 `--no-keep-index` to override this.
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
 list [<options>]::
 
 	List the stashes that you currently have.  Each 'stash' is listed
-	with its name (e.g. `stash@\{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@\{1}` is
+	with its name (e.g. `stash@{0}` is the latest stash, `stash@{1}` is
 	the one before, etc.), the name of the branch that was current when the
 	stash was made, and a short description of the commit the stash was
 	based on.
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@
 	stashed state and its original parent. When no `<stash>` is given,
 	shows the latest one. By default, the command shows the diffstat, but
 	it will accept any format known to 'git diff' (e.g., `git stash show
-	-p stash@\{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
+	-p stash@{1}` to view the second most recent stash in patch form).
 
 pop [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@
 have conflicts (which are stored in the index, where you therefore can no
 longer apply the changes as they were originally).
 +
-When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@\{0}` is assumed, otherwise `<stash>` must
-be a reference of the form `stash@\{<revision>}`.
+When no `<stash>` is given, `stash@{0}` is assumed, otherwise `<stash>` must
+be a reference of the form `stash@{<revision>}`.
 
 apply [--index] [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
@@ -143,9 +143,9 @@
 drop [-q|--quiet] [<stash>]::
 
 	Remove a single stashed state from the stash list. When no `<stash>`
-	is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@\{0}`, otherwise
-	`<stash>` must a valid stash log reference of the form
-	`stash@\{<revision>}`.
+	is given, it removes the latest one. i.e. `stash@{0}`, otherwise
+	`<stash>` must be a valid stash log reference of the form
+	`stash@{<revision>}`.
 
 create::
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-status.txt b/Documentation/git-status.txt
index 3d51717..9f1ef9a 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-status.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-status.txt
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@
 	across git versions and regardless of user configuration. See
 	below for details.
 
+--long::
+	Give the output in the long-format. This is the default.
+
 -u[<mode>]::
 --untracked-files[=<mode>]::
 	Show untracked files.
@@ -77,6 +80,13 @@
 	Terminate entries with NUL, instead of LF.  This implies
 	the `--porcelain` output format if no other format is given.
 
+--column[=<options>]::
+--no-column::
+	Display untracked files in columns. See configuration variable
+	column.status for option syntax.`--column` and `--no-column`
+	without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never'
+	respectively.
+
 
 OUTPUT
 ------
@@ -98,12 +108,12 @@
 
 	XY PATH1 -> PATH2
 
-where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and the ` \-> PATH2` part is
+where `PATH1` is the path in the `HEAD`, and the " `-> PATH2`" part is
 shown only when `PATH1` corresponds to a different path in the
 index/worktree (i.e. the file is renamed). The 'XY' is a two-letter
 status code.
 
-The fields (including the `\->`) are separated from each other by a
+The fields (including the `->`) are separated from each other by a
 single space. If a filename contains whitespace or other nonprintable
 characters, that field will be quoted in the manner of a C string
 literal: surrounded by ASCII double quote (34) characters, and with
@@ -177,7 +187,7 @@
 and the terminating newline (but a space still separates the status
 field from the first filename).  Third, filenames containing special
 characters are not specially formatted; no quoting or
-backslash-escaping is performed. Fourth, there is no branch line.
+backslash-escaping is performed.
 
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
index b78f031..e6fdfcb 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-stripspace.txt
@@ -3,26 +3,89 @@
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-stripspace - Filter out empty lines
+git-stripspace - Remove unnecessary whitespace
 
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git stripspace' [-s | --strip-comments] < <stream>
+'git stripspace' [-s | --strip-comments] < input
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Remove multiple empty lines, and empty lines at beginning and end.
+
+Clean the input in the manner used by 'git' for text such as commit
+messages, notes, tags and branch descriptions.
+
+With no arguments, this will:
+
+- remove trailing whitespace from all lines
+- collapse multiple consecutive empty lines into one empty line
+- remove empty lines from the beginning and end of the input
+- add a missing '\n' to the last line if necessary.
+
+In the case where the input consists entirely of whitespace characters, no
+output will be produced.
+
+*NOTE*: This is intended for cleaning metadata, prefer the `--whitespace=fix`
+mode of linkgit:git-apply[1] for correcting whitespace of patches or files in
+the repository.
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
 -s::
 --strip-comments::
-	In addition to empty lines, also strip lines starting with '#'.
+	Skip and remove all lines starting with comment character (default '#').
 
-<stream>::
-	Byte stream to act on.
+-c::
+--comment-lines::
+	Prepend comment character and blank to each line. Lines will automatically
+	be terminated with a newline. On empty lines, only the comment character
+	will be prepended.
+
+EXAMPLES
+--------
+
+Given the following noisy input with '$' indicating the end of a line:
+
+--------
+|A brief introduction   $
+|   $
+|$
+|A new paragraph$
+|# with a commented-out line    $
+|explaining lots of stuff.$
+|$
+|# An old paragraph, also commented-out. $
+|      $
+|The end.$
+|  $
+---------
+
+Use 'git stripspace' with no arguments to obtain:
+
+--------
+|A brief introduction$
+|$
+|A new paragraph$
+|# with a commented-out line$
+|explaining lots of stuff.$
+|$
+|# An old paragraph, also commented-out.$
+|$
+|The end.$
+---------
+
+Use 'git stripspace --strip-comments' to obtain:
+
+--------
+|A brief introduction$
+|$
+|A new paragraph$
+|explaining lots of stuff.$
+|$
+|The end.$
+---------
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
index 6ec3fef..b1996f1 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-submodule.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b branch] [-f|--force]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>]
 	      [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase]
+'git submodule' [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [--rebase]
 	      [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
 'git submodule' [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [(-n|--summary-limit) <n>]
 	      [commit] [--] [<path>...]
@@ -43,9 +43,9 @@
 Submodules are composed from a so-called `gitlink` tree entry
 in the main repository that refers to a particular commit object
 within the inner repository that is completely separate.
-A record in the `.gitmodules` file at the root of the source
-tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and describes
-the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
+A record in the `.gitmodules` (see linkgit:gitmodules[5]) file at the
+root of the source tree assigns a logical name to the submodule and
+describes the default URL the submodule shall be cloned from.
 The logical name can be used for overriding this URL within your
 local repository configuration (see 'submodule init').
 
@@ -79,7 +79,12 @@
 <repository> is the URL of the new submodule's origin repository.
 This may be either an absolute URL, or (if it begins with ./
 or ../), the location relative to the superproject's origin
-repository. If the superproject doesn't have an origin configured
+repository (Please note that to specify a repository 'foo.git'
+which is located right next to a superproject 'bar.git', you'll
+have to use '../foo.git' instead of './foo.git' - as one might expect
+when following the rules for relative URLs - because the evaluation
+of relative URLs in Git is identical to that of relative directories).
+If the superproject doesn't have an origin configured
 the superproject is its own authoritative upstream and the current
 working directory is used instead.
 +
@@ -107,7 +112,6 @@
 	initialized, `+` if the currently checked out submodule commit
 	does not match the SHA-1 found in the index of the containing
 	repository and `U` if the submodule has merge conflicts.
-	This command is the default command for 'git submodule'.
 +
 If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into nested
 submodules, and show their status as well.
@@ -135,7 +139,8 @@
 	checkout the commit specified in the index of the containing repository.
 	This will make the submodules HEAD be detached unless `--rebase` or
 	`--merge` is specified or the key `submodule.$name.update` is set to
-	`rebase`, `merge` or `none`.
+	`rebase`, `merge` or `none`. `none` can be overridden by specifying
+	`--checkout`.
 +
 If the submodule is not yet initialized, and you just want to use the
 setting as stored in .gitmodules, you can automatically initialize the
@@ -144,9 +149,10 @@
 If `--recursive` is specified, this command will recurse into the
 registered submodules, and update any nested submodules within.
 +
-If the configuration key `submodule.$name.update` is set to `none` the
-submodule with name `$name` will not be updated by default. This can be
-overriden by adding `--checkout` to the command.
+If `--force` is specified, the submodule will be checked out (using
+`git checkout --force` if appropriate), even if the commit specified in the
+index of the containing repository already matches the commit checked out in
+the submodule.
 
 summary::
 	Show commit summary between the given commit (defaults to HEAD) and
@@ -185,7 +191,7 @@
 sync::
 	Synchronizes submodules' remote URL configuration setting
 	to the value specified in .gitmodules. It will only affect those
-	submodules which already have an url entry in .git/config (that is the
+	submodules which already have a URL entry in .git/config (that is the
 	case when they are initialized or freshly added). This is useful when
 	submodule URLs change upstream and you need to update your local
 	repositories accordingly.
@@ -202,13 +208,17 @@
 -b::
 --branch::
 	Branch of repository to add as submodule.
+	The name of the branch is recorded as `submodule.<path>.branch` in
+	`.gitmodules` for `update --remote`.
 
 -f::
 --force::
 	This option is only valid for add and update commands.
 	When running add, allow adding an otherwise ignored submodule path.
 	When running update, throw away local changes in submodules when
-	switching to a different commit.
+	switching to a different commit; and always run a checkout operation
+	in the submodule, even if the commit listed in the index of the
+	containing repository matches the commit checked out in the submodule.
 
 --cached::
 	This option is only valid for status and summary commands.  These
@@ -228,6 +238,27 @@
 	(the default). This limit only applies to modified submodules. The
 	size is always limited to 1 for added/deleted/typechanged submodules.
 
+--remote::
+	This option is only valid for the update command.  Instead of using
+	the superproject's recorded SHA-1 to update the submodule, use the
+	status of the submodule's remote tracking branch.  The remote used
+	is branch's remote (`branch.<name>.remote`), defaulting to `origin`.
+	The remote branch used defaults to `master`, but the branch name may
+	be overridden by setting the `submodule.<name>.branch` option in
+	either `.gitmodules` or `.git/config` (with `.git/config` taking
+	precedence).
++
+This works for any of the supported update procedures (`--checkout`,
+`--rebase`, etc.).  The only change is the source of the target SHA-1.
+For example, `submodule update --remote --merge` will merge upstream
+submodule changes into the submodules, while `submodule update
+--merge` will merge superproject gitlink changes into the submodules.
++
+In order to ensure a current tracking branch state, `update --remote`
+fetches the submodule's remote repository before calculating the
+SHA-1.  If you don't want to fetch, you should use `submodule update
+--remote --no-fetch`.
+
 -N::
 --no-fetch::
 	This option is only valid for the update command.
@@ -257,6 +288,11 @@
 	Initialize all submodules for which "git submodule init" has not been
 	called so far before updating.
 
+--name::
+	This option is only valid for the add command. It sets the submodule's
+	name to the given string instead of defaulting to its path. The name
+	must be valid as a directory name and may not end with a '/'.
+
 --reference <repository>::
 	This option is only valid for add and update commands.  These
 	commands sometimes need to clone a remote repository. In this case,
diff --git a/Documentation/git-svn.txt b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
index 34ee785..34d438b 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-svn.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-svn.txt
@@ -146,6 +146,13 @@
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 --
 
+--log-window-size=<n>;;
+    Fetch <n> log entries per request when scanning Subversion history.
+    The default is 100. For very large Subversion repositories, larger
+    values may be needed for 'clone'/'fetch' to complete in reasonable
+    time. But overly large values may lead to higher memory usage and
+    request timeouts.
+
 'clone'::
 	Runs 'init' and 'fetch'.  It will automatically create a
 	directory based on the basename of the URL passed to it;
@@ -189,18 +196,16 @@
 	last fetched commit from the upstream SVN.
 
 'dcommit'::
-	Commit each diff from a specified head directly to the SVN
+	Commit each diff from the current branch directly to the SVN
 	repository, and then rebase or reset (depending on whether or
 	not there is a diff between SVN and head).  This will create
 	a revision in SVN for each commit in git.
-	It is recommended that you run 'git svn' fetch and rebase (not
-	pull or merge) your commits against the latest changes in the
-	SVN repository.
-	An optional revision or branch argument may be specified, and
-	causes 'git svn' to do all work on that revision/branch
-	instead of HEAD.
-	This is advantageous over 'set-tree' (below) because it produces
-	cleaner, more linear history.
++
+When an optional git branch name (or a git commit object name)
+is specified as an argument, the subcommand works on the specified
+branch, not on the current branch.
++
+Use of 'dcommit' is preferred to 'set-tree' (below).
 +
 --no-rebase;;
 	After committing, do not rebase or reset.
@@ -341,6 +346,16 @@
 	corresponding git commit hash (this can optionally be followed by a
 	tree-ish to specify which branch should be searched).  When given a
 	tree-ish, returns the corresponding SVN revision number.
++
+--before;;
+	Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision, instead find
+	the commit corresponding to the state of the SVN repository (on the
+	current branch) at the specified revision.
++
+--after;;
+	Don't require an exact match if given an SVN revision; if there is
+	not an exact match return the closest match searching forward in the
+	history.
 
 'set-tree'::
 	You should consider using 'dcommit' instead of this command.
@@ -572,6 +587,8 @@
 --merge::
 -s<strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
+-p::
+--preserve-merges::
 	These are only used with the 'dcommit' and 'rebase' commands.
 +
 Passed directly to 'git rebase' when using 'dcommit' if a
@@ -621,10 +638,19 @@
 	Default: "svn"
 
 --follow-parent::
+	This option is only relevant if we are tracking branches (using
+	one of the repository layout options --trunk, --tags,
+	--branches, --stdlayout). For each tracked branch, try to find
+	out where its revision was copied from, and set
+	a suitable parent in the first git commit for the branch.
 	This is especially helpful when we're tracking a directory
-	that has been moved around within the repository, or if we
-	started tracking a branch and never tracked the trunk it was
-	descended from. This feature is enabled by default, use
+	that has been moved around within the repository.  If this
+	feature is disabled, the branches created by 'git svn' will all
+	be linear and not share any history, meaning that there will be
+	no information on where branches were branched off or merged.
+	However, following long/convoluted histories can take a long
+	time, so disabling this feature may speed up the cloning
+	process. This feature is enabled by default, use
 	--no-follow-parent to disable it.
 +
 [verse]
@@ -732,7 +758,8 @@
 BASIC EXAMPLES
 --------------
 
-Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project:
+Tracking and contributing to the trunk of a Subversion-managed project
+(ignoring tags and branches):
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Clone a repo (like git clone):
@@ -757,8 +784,10 @@
 (complete with a trunk, tags and branches):
 
 ------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Clone a repo (like git clone):
-	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T trunk -b branches -t tags
+# Clone a repo with standard SVN directory layout (like git clone):
+	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project --stdlayout
+# Or, if the repo uses a non-standard directory layout:
+	git svn clone http://svn.example.com/project -T tr -b branch -t tag
 # View all branches and tags you have cloned:
 	git branch -r
 # Create a new branch in SVN
@@ -800,18 +829,19 @@
 
 REBASE VS. PULL/MERGE
 ---------------------
+Prefer to use 'git svn rebase' or 'git rebase', rather than
+'git pull' or 'git merge' to synchronize unintegrated commits with a 'git svn'
+branch. Doing so will keep the history of unintegrated commits linear with
+respect to the upstream SVN repository and allow the use of the preferred
+'git svn dcommit' subcommand to push unintegrated commits back into SVN.
 
-Originally, 'git svn' recommended that the 'remotes/git-svn' branch be
-pulled or merged from.  This is because the author favored
+Originally, 'git svn' recommended that developers pulled or merged from
+the 'git svn' branch.  This was because the author favored
 `git svn set-tree B` to commit a single head rather than the
-`git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits.
-
-If you use `git svn set-tree A..B` to commit several diffs and you do
-not have the latest remotes/git-svn merged into my-branch, you should
-use `git svn rebase` to update your work branch instead of `git pull` or
-`git merge`.  `pull`/`merge` can cause non-linear history to be flattened
-when committing into SVN, which can lead to merge commits reversing
-previous commits in SVN.
+`git svn set-tree A..B` notation to commit multiple commits. Use of
+'git pull' or 'git merge' with `git svn set-tree A..B` will cause non-linear
+history to be flattened when committing into SVN and this can lead to merge
+commits unexpectedly reversing previous commits in SVN.
 
 MERGE TRACKING
 --------------
@@ -822,6 +852,52 @@
 users keep history as linear as possible inside git to ease
 compatibility with SVN (see the CAVEATS section below).
 
+HANDLING OF SVN BRANCHES
+------------------------
+If 'git svn' is configured to fetch branches (and --follow-branches
+is in effect), it sometimes creates multiple git branches for one
+SVN branch, where the addtional branches have names of the form
+'branchname@nnn' (with nnn an SVN revision number).  These additional
+branches are created if 'git svn' cannot find a parent commit for the
+first commit in an SVN branch, to connect the branch to the history of
+the other branches.
+
+Normally, the first commit in an SVN branch consists
+of a copy operation. 'git svn' will read this commit to get the SVN
+revision the branch was created from. It will then try to find the
+git commit that corresponds to this SVN revision, and use that as the
+parent of the branch. However, it is possible that there is no suitable
+git commit to serve as parent.  This will happen, among other reasons,
+if the SVN branch is a copy of a revision that was not fetched by 'git
+svn' (e.g. because it is an old revision that was skipped with
+'--revision'), or if in SVN a directory was copied that is not tracked
+by 'git svn' (such as a branch that is not tracked at all, or a
+subdirectory of a tracked branch). In these cases, 'git svn' will still
+create a git branch, but instead of using an existing git commit as the
+parent of the branch, it will read the SVN history of the directory the
+branch was copied from and create appropriate git commits.  This is
+indicated by the message "Initializing parent: <branchname>".
+
+Additionally, it will create a special branch named
+'<branchname>@<SVN-Revision>', where <SVN-Revision> is the SVN revision
+number the branch was copied from.  This branch will point to the newly
+created parent commit of the branch.  If in SVN the branch was deleted
+and later recreated from a different version, there will be multiple
+such branches with an '@'.
+
+Note that this may mean that multiple git commits are created for a
+single SVN revision.
+
+An example: in an SVN repository with a standard
+trunk/tags/branches layout, a directory trunk/sub is created in r.100.
+In r.200, trunk/sub is branched by copying it to branches/. 'git svn
+clone -s' will then create a branch 'sub'. It will also create new git
+commits for r.100 through r.199 and use these as the history of branch
+'sub'. Thus there will be two git commits for each revision from r.100
+to r.199 (one containing trunk/, one containing trunk/sub/). Finally,
+it will create a branch 'sub@200' pointing to the new parent commit of
+branch 'sub' (i.e. the commit for r.200 and trunk/sub/).
+
 CAVEATS
 -------
 
@@ -863,6 +939,21 @@
 you've already pushed to a remote repository for other users, and
 dcommit with SVN is analogous to that.
 
+When cloning an SVN repository, if none of the options for describing
+the repository layout is used (--trunk, --tags, --branches,
+--stdlayout), 'git svn clone' will create a git repository with
+completely linear history, where branches and tags appear as separate
+directories in the working copy.  While this is the easiest way to get a
+copy of a complete repository, for projects with many branches it will
+lead to a working copy many times larger than just the trunk. Thus for
+projects using the standard directory structure (trunk/branches/tags),
+it is recommended to clone with option '--stdlayout'. If the project
+uses a non-standard structure, and/or if branches and tags are not
+required, it is easiest to only clone one directory (typically trunk),
+without giving any repository layout options.  If the full history with
+branches and tags is required, the options '--trunk' / '--branches' /
+'--tags' must be used.
+
 When using multiple --branches or --tags, 'git svn' does not automatically
 handle name collisions (for example, if two branches from different paths have
 the same name, or if a branch and a tag have the same name).  In these cases,
@@ -886,6 +977,12 @@
 renamed and copied files is fully supported if they're similar enough
 for git to detect them.
 
+In SVN, it is possible (though discouraged) to commit changes to a tag
+(because a tag is just a directory copy, thus technically the same as a
+branch). When cloning an SVN repository, 'git svn' cannot know if such a
+commit to a tag will happen in the future. Thus it acts conservatively
+and imports all SVN tags as branches, prefixing the tag name with 'tags/'.
+
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
index 75b1ae5..ef68ad2 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-symbolic-ref.txt
@@ -3,12 +3,14 @@
 
 NAME
 ----
-git-symbolic-ref - Read and modify symbolic refs
+git-symbolic-ref - Read, modify and delete symbolic refs
 
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git symbolic-ref' [-q] [-m <reason>] <name> [<ref>]
+'git symbolic-ref' [-m <reason>] <name> <ref>
+'git symbolic-ref' [-q] [--short] <name>
+'git symbolic-ref' --delete [-q] <name>
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -20,6 +22,9 @@
 Given two arguments, creates or updates a symbolic ref <name> to
 point at the given branch <ref>.
 
+Given `--delete` and an additional argument, deletes the given
+symbolic ref.
+
 A symbolic ref is a regular file that stores a string that
 begins with `ref: refs/`.  For example, your `.git/HEAD` is
 a regular file whose contents is `ref: refs/heads/master`.
@@ -27,12 +32,20 @@
 OPTIONS
 -------
 
+-d::
+--delete::
+	Delete the symbolic ref <name>.
+
 -q::
 --quiet::
 	Do not issue an error message if the <name> is not a
 	symbolic ref but a detached HEAD; instead exit with
 	non-zero status silently.
 
+--short::
+	When showing the value of <name> as a symbolic ref, try to shorten the
+	value, e.g. from `refs/heads/master` to `master`.
+
 -m::
 	Update the reflog for <name> with <reason>.  This is valid only
 	when creating or updating a symbolic ref.
@@ -43,12 +56,9 @@
 `refs/heads/master`.  When we wanted to switch to another branch,
 we did `ln -sf refs/heads/newbranch .git/HEAD`, and when we wanted
 to find out which branch we are on, we did `readlink .git/HEAD`.
-This was fine, and internally that is what still happens by
-default, but on platforms that do not have working symlinks,
-or that do not have the `readlink(1)` command, this was a bit
-cumbersome.  On some platforms, `ln -sf` does not even work as
-advertised (horrors).  Therefore symbolic links are now deprecated
-and symbolic refs are used by default.
+But symbolic links are not entirely portable, so they are now
+deprecated and symbolic refs (as described above) are used by
+default.
 
 'git symbolic-ref' will exit with status 0 if the contents of the
 symbolic ref were printed correctly, with status 1 if the requested
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tag.txt b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
index c83cb13..6470cff 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tag.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tag.txt
@@ -12,17 +12,18 @@
 'git tag' [-a | -s | -u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file>]
 	<tagname> [<commit> | <object>]
 'git tag' -d <tagname>...
-'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [<pattern>...]
+'git tag' [-n[<num>]] -l [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>]
+	[--column[=<options>] | --no-column] [<pattern>...]
+	[<pattern>...]
 'git tag' -v <tagname>...
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
 
-Add a tag reference in `.git/refs/tags/`, unless `-d/-l/-v` is given
+Add a tag reference in `refs/tags/`, unless `-d/-l/-v` is given
 to delete, list or verify tags.
 
-Unless `-f` is given, the tag to be created must not yet exist in the
-`.git/refs/tags/` directory.
+Unless `-f` is given, the named tag must not yet exist.
 
 If one of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>` is passed, the command
 creates a 'tag' object, and requires a tag message.  Unless
@@ -38,7 +39,9 @@
 A GnuPG signed tag object will be created when `-s` or `-u
 <key-id>` is used.  When `-u <key-id>` is not used, the
 committer identity for the current user is used to find the
-GnuPG key for signing.
+GnuPG key for signing. 	The configuration variable `gpg.program`
+is used to specify custom GnuPG binary.
+
 
 OPTIONS
 -------
@@ -48,11 +51,11 @@
 
 -s::
 --sign::
-	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key
+	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the default e-mail address's key.
 
 -u <key-id>::
 --local-user=<key-id>::
-	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key
+	Make a GPG-signed tag, using the given key.
 
 -f::
 --force::
@@ -81,9 +84,20 @@
 	using fnmatch(3)).  Multiple patterns may be given; if any of
 	them matches, the tag is shown.
 
+--column[=<options>]::
+--no-column::
+	Display tag listing in columns. See configuration variable
+	column.tag for option syntax.`--column` and `--no-column`
+	without options are equivalent to 'always' and 'never' respectively.
++
+This option is only applicable when listing tags without annotation lines.
+
 --contains <commit>::
 	Only list tags which contain the specified commit.
 
+--points-at <object>::
+	Only list tags of the given object.
+
 -m <msg>::
 --message=<msg>::
 	Use the given tag message (instead of prompting).
@@ -99,6 +113,13 @@
 	Implies `-a` if none of `-a`, `-s`, or `-u <key-id>`
 	is given.
 
+--cleanup=<mode>::
+	This option sets how the tag message is cleaned up.
+	The  '<mode>' can be one of 'verbatim', 'whitespace' and 'strip'.  The
+	'strip' mode is default. The 'verbatim' mode does not change message at
+	all, 'whitespace' removes just leading/trailing whitespace lines and
+	'strip' removes both whitespace and commentary.
+
 <tagname>::
 	The name of the tag to create, delete, or describe.
 	The new tag name must pass all checks defined by
@@ -108,7 +129,7 @@
 CONFIGURATION
 -------------
 By default, 'git tag' in sign-with-default mode (-s) will use your
-committer identity (of the form "Your Name <your@email.address>") to
+committer identity (of the form "Your Name <\your@email.address>") to
 find a key.  If you want to use a different default key, you can specify
 it in the repository configuration as follows:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
index 346e7a2..f7362dc 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-tar-tree.txt
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
 
 	Create a tarball for v1.4.0 release.
 
-`git tar-tree v1.4.0{caret}\{tree\} git-1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz`::
+`git tar-tree v1.4.0^{tree} git-1.4.0 | gzip >git-1.4.0.tar.gz`::
 
 	Create a tarball for v1.4.0 release, but without a
 	global extended pax header.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
index a3081f4..9d0b151 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-update-index.txt
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
 	     [--ignore-submodules]
 	     [--really-refresh] [--unresolve] [--again | -g]
 	     [--info-only] [--index-info]
-	     [-z] [--stdin]
+	     [-z] [--stdin] [--index-version <n>]
 	     [--verbose]
 	     [--] [<file>...]
 
@@ -143,6 +143,10 @@
 --verbose::
         Report what is being added and removed from index.
 
+--index-version <n>::
+	Write the resulting index out in the named on-disk format version.
+	The current default version is 2.
+
 -z::
 	Only meaningful with `--stdin` or `--index-info`; paths are
 	separated with NUL character instead of LF.
diff --git a/Documentation/git-var.txt b/Documentation/git-var.txt
index 5317cc2..67edf58 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-var.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-var.txt
@@ -43,22 +43,21 @@
     `$SOME_ENVIRONMENT_VARIABLE`, `"C:\Program Files\Vim\gvim.exe"
     --nofork`.  The order of preference is the `$GIT_EDITOR`
     environment variable, then `core.editor` configuration, then
-    `$VISUAL`, then `$EDITOR`, and then finally 'vi'.
+    `$VISUAL`, then `$EDITOR`, and then the default chosen at compile
+    time, which is usually 'vi'.
+ifdef::git-default-editor[]
+    The build you are using chose '{git-default-editor}' as the default.
+endif::git-default-editor[]
 
 GIT_PAGER::
     Text viewer for use by git commands (e.g., 'less').  The value
     is meant to be interpreted by the shell.  The order of preference
     is the `$GIT_PAGER` environment variable, then `core.pager`
-    configuration, then `$PAGER`, and then finally 'less'.
-
-Diagnostics
------------
-You don't exist. Go away!::
-    The passwd(5) gecos field couldn't be read
-Your parents must have hated you!::
-    The passwd(5) gecos field is longer than a giant static buffer.
-Your sysadmin must hate you!::
-    The passwd(5) name field is longer than a giant static buffer.
+    configuration, then `$PAGER`, and then the default chosen at
+    compile time (usually 'less').
+ifdef::git-default-pager[]
+    The build you are using chose '{git-default-pager}' as the default.
+endif::git-default-pager[]
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
index 76c7f7e..6c8f510 100644
--- a/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git-whatchanged.txt
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
 	Show as patches the commits since version 'v2.6.12' that changed
 	any file in the include/scsi or drivers/scsi subdirectories
 
-`git whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" \-- gitk`::
+`git whatchanged --since="2 weeks ago" -- gitk`::
 
 	Show the changes during the last two weeks to the file 'gitk'.
 	The "--" is necessary to avoid confusion with the *branch* named
diff --git a/Documentation/git.txt b/Documentation/git.txt
index cbc51d5..555250d 100644
--- a/Documentation/git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/git.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-'git' [--version] [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
+'git' [--version] [--help] [-c <name>=<value>]
+    [--exec-path[=<path>]] [--html-path] [--man-path] [--info-path]
     [-p|--paginate|--no-pager] [--no-replace-objects] [--bare]
     [--git-dir=<path>] [--work-tree=<path>] [--namespace=<name>]
-    [-c <name>=<value>]
-    [--help] <command> [<args>]
+    <command> [<args>]
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -22,18 +22,17 @@
 and full access to internals.
 
 See linkgit:gittutorial[7] to get started, then see
-link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of commands, and
-"man git-commandname" for documentation of each command.  CVS users may
-also want to read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].  See
-the link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] for a more in-depth
-introduction.
+link:everyday.html[Everyday Git] for a useful minimum set of
+commands.  The link:user-manual.html[Git User's Manual] has a more
+in-depth introduction.
 
-The '<command>' is either a name of a Git command (see below) or an alias
-as defined in the configuration file (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+After you mastered the basic concepts, you can come back to this
+page to learn what commands git offers.  You can learn more about
+individual git commands with "git help command".  linkgit:gitcli[7]
+manual page gives you an overview of the command line command syntax.
 
-Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest git
-documentation can be viewed at
-`http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/`.
+Formatted and hyperlinked version of the latest git documentation
+can be viewed at `http://git-htmldocs.googlecode.com/git/git.html`.
 
 ifdef::stalenotes[]
 [NOTE]
@@ -44,14 +43,91 @@
 branch of the `git.git` repository.
 Documentation for older releases are available here:
 
-* link:v1.7.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.7]
+* link:v1.8.1.1/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.1.1]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.1.txt[1.8.1.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.1.txt[1.8.1].
+
+* link:v1.8.0.3/git.html[documentation for release 1.8.0.3]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.3.txt[1.8.0.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.2.txt[1.8.0.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.1.txt[1.8.0.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.8.0.txt[1.8.0].
+
+* link:v1.7.12.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.12.4]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.4.txt[1.7.12.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.3.txt[1.7.12.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.2.txt[1.7.12.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.1.txt[1.7.12.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.12.txt[1.7.12].
+
+* link:v1.7.11.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.11.7]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.7.txt[1.7.11.7],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.6.txt[1.7.11.6],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.5.txt[1.7.11.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.4.txt[1.7.11.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.3.txt[1.7.11.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.2.txt[1.7.11.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.1.txt[1.7.11.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.11.txt[1.7.11].
+
+* link:v1.7.10.5/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.10.5]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.5.txt[1.7.10.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.4.txt[1.7.10.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.3.txt[1.7.10.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.2.txt[1.7.10.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.1.txt[1.7.10.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.10.txt[1.7.10].
+
+* link:v1.7.9.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.9.7]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.7.txt[1.7.9.7],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.6.txt[1.7.9.6],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.5.txt[1.7.9.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.4.txt[1.7.9.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.3.txt[1.7.9.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.2.txt[1.7.9.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.1.txt[1.7.9.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.9.txt[1.7.9].
+
+* link:v1.7.8.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.8.6]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.6.txt[1.7.8.6],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.5.txt[1.7.8.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.4.txt[1.7.8.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.3.txt[1.7.8.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.2.txt[1.7.8.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.1.txt[1.7.8.1],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.8.txt[1.7.8].
+
+* link:v1.7.7.7/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.7.7]
+
+* release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.7.txt[1.7.7.7],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.6.txt[1.7.7.6],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.5.txt[1.7.7.5],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.4.txt[1.7.7.4],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.3.txt[1.7.7.3],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.2.txt[1.7.7.2],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.7.1.txt[1.7.7.1],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.7.txt[1.7.7].
 
-* link:v1.7.6.4/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.6.4]
+* link:v1.7.6.6/git.html[documentation for release 1.7.6.6]
 
 * release notes for
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.6.6.txt[1.7.6.6],
+  link:RelNotes/1.7.6.5.txt[1.7.6.5],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.6.4.txt[1.7.6.4],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.6.3.txt[1.7.6.3],
   link:RelNotes/1.7.6.2.txt[1.7.6.2],
@@ -353,24 +429,11 @@
 	Do not use replacement refs to replace git objects. See
 	linkgit:git-replace[1] for more information.
 
+--literal-pathspecs::
+	Treat pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. This is
+	equivalent to setting the `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS` environment
+	variable to `1`.
 
-FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
----------------------
-
-See the references above to get started using git.  The following is
-probably more detail than necessary for a first-time user.
-
-The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
-user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
-introductions to the underlying git architecture.
-
-See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
-
-See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
-examples.
-
-The internals are documented in the
-link:technical/api-index.html[GIT API documentation].
 
 GIT COMMANDS
 ------------
@@ -599,6 +662,7 @@
 	If the 'GIT_DIR' environment variable is set then it
 	specifies a path to use instead of the default `.git`
 	for the base of the repository.
+	The '--git-dir' command-line option also sets this value.
 
 'GIT_WORK_TREE'::
 	Set the path to the working tree.  The value will not be
@@ -685,6 +749,12 @@
 	a pager.  See also the `core.pager` option in
 	linkgit:git-config[1].
 
+'GIT_EDITOR'::
+	This environment variable overrides `$EDITOR` and `$VISUAL`.
+	It is used by several git commands when, on interactive mode,
+	an editor is to be launched. See also linkgit:git-var[1]
+	and the `core.editor` option in linkgit:git-config[1].
+
 'GIT_SSH'::
 	If this environment variable is set then 'git fetch'
 	and 'git push' will use this command instead
@@ -708,6 +778,14 @@
 	and read the password from its STDOUT. See also the 'core.askpass'
 	option in linkgit:git-config[1].
 
+'GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM'::
+	Whether to skip reading settings from the system-wide
+	`$(prefix)/etc/gitconfig` file.  This environment variable can
+	be used along with `$HOME` and `$XDG_CONFIG_HOME` to create a
+	predictable environment for a picky script, or you can set it
+	temporarily to avoid using a buggy `/etc/gitconfig` file while
+	waiting for someone with sufficient permissions to fix it.
+
 'GIT_FLUSH'::
 	If this environment variable is set to "1", then commands such
 	as 'git blame' (in incremental mode), 'git rev-list', 'git log',
@@ -732,6 +810,16 @@
 	as a file path and will try to write the trace messages
 	into it.
 
+GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS::
+	Setting this variable to `1` will cause git to treat all
+	pathspecs literally, rather than as glob patterns. For example,
+	running `GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log -- '*.c'` will search
+	for commits that touch the path `*.c`, not any paths that the
+	glob `*.c` matches. You might want this if you are feeding
+	literal paths to git (e.g., paths previously given to you by
+	`git ls-tree`, `--raw` diff output, etc).
+
+
 Discussion[[Discussion]]
 ------------------------
 
@@ -785,12 +873,37 @@
 for a given pathname.  These stages are used to hold the various
 unmerged version of a file when a merge is in progress.
 
+FURTHER DOCUMENTATION
+---------------------
+
+See the references in the "description" section to get started
+using git.  The following is probably more detail than necessary
+for a first-time user.
+
+The link:user-manual.html#git-concepts[git concepts chapter of the
+user-manual] and linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7] both provide
+introductions to the underlying git architecture.
+
+See linkgit:gitworkflows[7] for an overview of recommended workflows.
+
+See also the link:howto-index.html[howto] documents for some useful
+examples.
+
+The internals are documented in the
+link:technical/api-index.html[GIT API documentation].
+
+Users migrating from CVS may also want to
+read linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
+
+
 Authors
 -------
 Git was started by Linus Torvalds, and is currently maintained by Junio
 C Hamano. Numerous contributions have come from the git mailing list
-<git@vger.kernel.org>. For a more complete list of contributors, see
-http://git-scm.com/about. If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
+<git@vger.kernel.org>.  http://www.ohloh.net/p/git/contributors/summary
+gives you a more complete list of contributors.
+
+If you have a clone of git.git itself, the
 output of linkgit:git-shortlog[1] and linkgit:git-blame[1] can show you
 the authors for specific parts of the project.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
index 25e46ae..2698f63 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitattributes.txt
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 overrides an earlier line.  This overriding is done per
 attribute.  The rules how the pattern matches paths are the
 same as in `.gitignore` files; see linkgit:gitignore[5].
+Unlike `.gitignore`, negative patterns are forbidden.
 
 When deciding what attributes are assigned to a path, git
 consults `$GIT_DIR/info/attributes` file (which has the highest
@@ -66,6 +67,11 @@
 global and system-wide files are considered (they have the lowest
 precedence).
 
+When the `.gitattributes` file is missing from the work tree, the
+path in the index is used as a fall-back.  During checkout process,
+`.gitattributes` in the index is used and then the file in the
+working tree is used as a fall-back.
+
 If you wish to affect only a single repository (i.e., to assign
 attributes to files that are particular to
 one user's workflow for that repository), then
@@ -75,6 +81,8 @@
 `.gitattributes` files. Attributes that should affect all repositories
 for a single user should be placed in a file specified by the
 `core.attributesfile` configuration option (see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+Its default value is $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/attributes. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME
+is either not set or empty, $HOME/.config/git/attributes is used instead.
 Attributes for all users on a system should be placed in the
 `$(prefix)/etc/gitattributes` file.
 
@@ -294,16 +302,27 @@
 `clean` command is used to convert the contents of worktree file
 upon checkin.
 
-A missing filter driver definition in the config is not an error
-but makes the filter a no-op passthru.
+One use of the content filtering is to massage the content into a shape
+that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and the user to use.
+For this mode of operation, the key phrase here is "more convenient" and
+not "turning something unusable into usable".  In other words, the intent
+is that if someone unsets the filter driver definition, or does not have
+the appropriate filter program, the project should still be usable.
 
-The content filtering is done to massage the content into a
-shape that is more convenient for the platform, filesystem, and
-the user to use.  The key phrase here is "more convenient" and not
-"turning something unusable into usable".  In other words, the
-intent is that if someone unsets the filter driver definition,
-or does not have the appropriate filter program, the project
-should still be usable.
+Another use of the content filtering is to store the content that cannot
+be directly used in the repository (e.g. a UUID that refers to the true
+content stored outside git, or an encrypted content) and turn it into a
+usable form upon checkout (e.g. download the external content, or decrypt
+the encrypted content).
+
+These two filters behave differently, and by default, a filter is taken as
+the former, massaging the contents into more convenient shape.  A missing
+filter driver definition in the config, or a filter driver that exits with
+a non-zero status, is not an error but makes the filter a no-op passthru.
+
+You can declare that a filter turns a content that by itself is unusable
+into a usable content by setting the filter.<driver>.required configuration
+variable to `true`.
 
 For example, in .gitattributes, you would assign the `filter`
 attribute for paths.
@@ -335,6 +354,16 @@
 smudge filter means that the clean filter _must_ accept its own output
 without modifying it.
 
+If a filter _must_ succeed in order to make the stored contents usable,
+you can declare that the filter is `required`, in the configuration:
+
+------------------------
+[filter "crypt"]
+	clean = openssl enc ...
+	smudge = openssl enc -d ...
+	required
+------------------------
+
 Sequence "%f" on the filter command line is replaced with the name of
 the file the filter is working on.  A filter might use this in keyword
 substitution.  For example:
@@ -488,6 +517,8 @@
 attribute mechanism, via `.gitattributes`).  The following built in
 patterns are available:
 
+- `ada` suitable for source code in the Ada language.
+
 - `bibtex` suitable for files with BibTeX coded references.
 
 - `cpp` suitable for source code in the C and C++ languages.
@@ -500,6 +531,8 @@
 
 - `java` suitable for source code in the Java language.
 
+- `matlab` suitable for source code in the MATLAB language.
+
 - `objc` suitable for source code in the Objective-C language.
 
 - `pascal` suitable for source code in the Pascal/Delphi language.
@@ -902,7 +935,7 @@
 macro attribute "binary" is equivalent to:
 
 ------------
-[attr]binary -diff -text
+[attr]binary -diff -merge -text
 ------------
 
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcli.txt b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
index f734f97..3bc1500 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcli.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcli.txt
@@ -25,22 +25,39 @@
    are paths.
 
  * When an argument can be misunderstood as either a revision or a path,
-   they can be disambiguated by placing `\--` between them.
-   E.g. `git diff \-- HEAD` is, "I have a file called HEAD in my work
+   they can be disambiguated by placing `--` between them.
+   E.g. `git diff -- HEAD` is, "I have a file called HEAD in my work
    tree.  Please show changes between the version I staged in the index
    and what I have in the work tree for that file". not "show difference
    between the HEAD commit and the work tree as a whole".  You can say
-   `git diff HEAD \--` to ask for the latter.
+   `git diff HEAD --` to ask for the latter.
 
- * Without disambiguating `\--`, git makes a reasonable guess, but errors
+ * Without disambiguating `--`, git makes a reasonable guess, but errors
    out and asking you to disambiguate when ambiguous.  E.g. if you have a
    file called HEAD in your work tree, `git diff HEAD` is ambiguous, and
-   you have to say either `git diff HEAD \--` or `git diff \-- HEAD` to
+   you have to say either `git diff HEAD --` or `git diff -- HEAD` to
    disambiguate.
-
++
 When writing a script that is expected to handle random user-input, it is
 a good practice to make it explicit which arguments are which by placing
-disambiguating `\--` at appropriate places.
+disambiguating `--` at appropriate places.
+
+ * Many commands allow wildcards in paths, but you need to protect
+   them from getting globbed by the shell.  These two mean different
+   things:
++
+--------------------------------
+$ git checkout -- *.c
+$ git checkout -- \*.c
+--------------------------------
++
+The former lets your shell expand the fileglob, and you are asking
+the dot-C files in your working tree to be overwritten with the version
+in the index.  The latter passes the `*.c` to Git, and you are asking
+the paths in the index that match the pattern to be checked out to your
+working tree.  After running `git add hello.c; rm hello.c`, you will _not_
+see `hello.c` in your working tree with the former, but with the latter
+you will.
 
 Here are the rules regarding the "flags" that you should follow when you are
 scripting git:
@@ -62,13 +79,21 @@
    `git log -1 HEAD` but write `git log -1 HEAD --`; the former will not work
    if you happen to have a file called `HEAD` in the work tree.
 
+ * many commands allow a long option "--option" to be abbreviated
+   only to their unique prefix (e.g. if there is no other option
+   whose name begins with "opt", you may be able to spell "--opt" to
+   invoke the "--option" flag), but you should fully spell them out
+   when writing your scripts; later versions of Git may introduce a
+   new option whose name shares the same prefix, e.g. "--optimize",
+   to make a short prefix that used to be unique no longer unique.
+
 
 ENHANCED OPTION PARSER
 ----------------------
 From the git 1.5.4 series and further, many git commands (not all of them at the
 time of the writing though) come with an enhanced option parser.
 
-Here is an exhaustive list of the facilities provided by this option parser.
+Here is a list of the facilities provided by this option parser.
 
 
 Magic Options
@@ -112,6 +137,16 @@
 `git clean -fdx`.
 
 
+Abbreviating long options
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+Commands that support the enhanced option parser accepts unique
+prefix of a long option as if it is fully spelled out, but use this
+with a caution.  For example, `git commit --amen` behaves as if you
+typed `git commit --amend`, but that is true only until a later version
+of Git introduces another option that shares the same prefix,
+e.g `git commit --amenity" option.
+
+
 Separating argument from the option
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 You can write the mandatory option parameter to an option as a separate
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
index c27d086..5325c5a 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitcore-tutorial.txt
@@ -151,8 +151,8 @@
 program normally just takes a list of filenames you want to update, but
 to avoid trivial mistakes, it refuses to add new entries to the index
 (or remove existing ones) unless you explicitly tell it that you're
-adding a new entry with the `\--add` flag (or removing an entry with the
-`\--remove`) flag.
+adding a new entry with the `--add` flag (or removing an entry with the
+`--remove`) flag.
 
 So to populate the index with the two files you just created, you can do
 
@@ -399,10 +399,10 @@
 which ends up doing the above for you.
 
 In other words, 'git diff-index' normally compares a tree against the
-working tree, but when given the `\--cached` flag, it is told to
+working tree, but when given the `--cached` flag, it is told to
 instead compare against just the index cache contents, and ignore the
 current working tree state entirely. Since we just wrote the index
-file to HEAD, doing `git diff-index \--cached -p HEAD` should thus return
+file to HEAD, doing `git diff-index --cached -p HEAD` should thus return
 an empty set of differences, and that's exactly what it does.
 
 [NOTE]
@@ -411,7 +411,7 @@
 comparisons, and saying that it compares a tree against the working
 tree is thus not strictly accurate. In particular, the list of
 files to compare (the "meta-data") *always* comes from the index file,
-regardless of whether the `\--cached` flag is used or not. The `\--cached`
+regardless of whether the `--cached` flag is used or not. The `--cached`
 flag really only determines whether the file *contents* to be compared
 come from the working tree or not.
 
@@ -433,7 +433,7 @@
 $ git update-index hello
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-(note how we didn't need the `\--add` flag this time, since git knew
+(note how we didn't need the `--add` flag this time, since git knew
 about the file already).
 
 Note what happens to the different 'git diff-{asterisk}' versions here.
@@ -560,7 +560,7 @@
 When using the above two commands, the initial commit will be shown.
 If this is a problem because it is huge, you can hide it by setting
 the log.showroot configuration variable to false. Having this, you
-can still show it for each command just adding the `\--root` option,
+can still show it for each command just adding the `--root` option,
 which is a flag for 'git diff-tree' accepted by both commands.
 
 With that, you should now be having some inkling of what git does, and
@@ -881,7 +881,7 @@
 $ gitk --all
 ----------------
 
-will show you graphically both of your branches (that's what the `\--all`
+will show you graphically both of your branches (that's what the `--all`
 means: normally it will just show you your current `HEAD`) and their
 histories. You can also see exactly how they came to be from a common
 source.
@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@
 (which is correct, so never mind), and you can write a small merge
 message about your adventures in 'git merge'-land.
 
-After you're done, start up `gitk \--all` to see graphically what the
+After you're done, start up `gitk --all` to see graphically what the
 history looks like. Notice that `mybranch` still exists, and you can
 switch to it, and continue to work with it if you want to. The
 `mybranch` branch will not contain the merge, but next time you merge it
@@ -956,13 +956,12 @@
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 The first two lines indicate that it is showing the two branches
-and the first line of the commit log message from their
-top-of-the-tree commits, you are currently on `master` branch
-(notice the asterisk `{asterisk}` character), and the first column for
-the later output lines is used to show commits contained in the
+with the titles of their top-of-the-tree commits, you are currently on
+`master` branch (notice the asterisk `*` character), and the first
+column for the later output lines is used to show commits contained in the
 `master` branch, and the second column for the `mybranch`
-branch. Three commits are shown along with their log messages.
-All of them have non blank characters in the first column (`{asterisk}`
+branch. Three commits are shown along with their titles.
+All of them have non blank characters in the first column (`*`
 shows an ordinary commit on the current branch, `-` is a merge commit), which
 means they are now part of the `master` branch. Only the "Some
 work" commit has the plus `+` character in the second column,
@@ -1002,9 +1001,9 @@
 ----------------
 Updating from ae3a2da... to a80b4aa....
 Fast-forward (no commit created; -m option ignored)
- example |    1 +
- hello   |    1 +
- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ example | 1 +
+ hello   | 1 +
+ 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
 ----------------
 
 Because your branch did not contain anything more than what had
@@ -1013,7 +1012,7 @@
 the tree of your branch to that of the `master` branch. This is
 often called 'fast-forward' merge.
 
-You can run `gitk \--all` again to see how the commit ancestry
+You can run `gitk --all` again to see how the commit ancestry
 looks like, or run 'show-branch', which tells you this.
 
 ------------------------------------------------
@@ -1257,7 +1256,7 @@
 fairly quickly, leaving only a handful of real changes in non-zero
 stages.
 
-To look at only non-zero stages, use `\--unmerged` flag:
+To look at only non-zero stages, use `--unmerged` flag:
 
 ------------
 $ git ls-files --unmerged
@@ -1420,7 +1419,7 @@
 directory.
 
 [NOTE]
-You will see two files, `pack-{asterisk}.pack` and `pack-{asterisk}.idx`,
+You will see two files, `pack-*.pack` and `pack-*.idx`,
 in `.git/objects/pack` directory. They are closely related to
 each other, and if you ever copy them by hand to a different
 repository for whatever reason, you should make sure you copy
diff --git a/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7dfffc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/gitcredentials.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,183 @@
+gitcredentials(7)
+=================
+
+NAME
+----
+gitcredentials - providing usernames and passwords to git
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+------------------
+git config credential.https://example.com.username myusername
+git config credential.helper "$helper $options"
+------------------
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+
+Git will sometimes need credentials from the user in order to perform
+operations; for example, it may need to ask for a username and password
+in order to access a remote repository over HTTP. This manual describes
+the mechanisms git uses to request these credentials, as well as some
+features to avoid inputting these credentials repeatedly.
+
+REQUESTING CREDENTIALS
+----------------------
+
+Without any credential helpers defined, git will try the following
+strategies to ask the user for usernames and passwords:
+
+1. If the `GIT_ASKPASS` environment variable is set, the program
+   specified by the variable is invoked. A suitable prompt is provided
+   to the program on the command line, and the user's input is read
+   from its standard output.
+
+2. Otherwise, if the `core.askpass` configuration variable is set, its
+   value is used as above.
+
+3. Otherwise, if the `SSH_ASKPASS` environment variable is set, its
+   value is used as above.
+
+4. Otherwise, the user is prompted on the terminal.
+
+AVOIDING REPETITION
+-------------------
+
+It can be cumbersome to input the same credentials over and over.  Git
+provides two methods to reduce this annoyance:
+
+1. Static configuration of usernames for a given authentication context.
+
+2. Credential helpers to cache or store passwords, or to interact with
+   a system password wallet or keychain.
+
+The first is simple and appropriate if you do not have secure storage available
+for a password. It is generally configured by adding this to your config:
+
+---------------------------------------
+[credential "https://example.com"]
+	username = me
+---------------------------------------
+
+Credential helpers, on the other hand, are external programs from which git can
+request both usernames and passwords; they typically interface with secure
+storage provided by the OS or other programs.
+
+To use a helper, you must first select one to use. Git currently
+includes the following helpers:
+
+cache::
+
+	Cache credentials in memory for a short period of time. See
+	linkgit:git-credential-cache[1] for details.
+
+store::
+
+	Store credentials indefinitely on disk. See
+	linkgit:git-credential-store[1] for details.
+
+You may also have third-party helpers installed; search for
+`credential-*` in the output of `git help -a`, and consult the
+documentation of individual helpers.  Once you have selected a helper,
+you can tell git to use it by putting its name into the
+credential.helper variable.
+
+1. Find a helper.
++
+-------------------------------------------
+$ git help -a | grep credential-
+credential-foo
+-------------------------------------------
+
+2. Read its description.
++
+-------------------------------------------
+$ git help credential-foo
+-------------------------------------------
+
+3. Tell git to use it.
++
+-------------------------------------------
+$ git config --global credential.helper foo
+-------------------------------------------
+
+If there are multiple instances of the `credential.helper` configuration
+variable, each helper will be tried in turn, and may provide a username,
+password, or nothing. Once git has acquired both a username and a
+password, no more helpers will be tried.
+
+
+CREDENTIAL CONTEXTS
+-------------------
+
+Git considers each credential to have a context defined by a URL. This context
+is used to look up context-specific configuration, and is passed to any
+helpers, which may use it as an index into secure storage.
+
+For instance, imagine we are accessing `https://example.com/foo.git`. When git
+looks into a config file to see if a section matches this context, it will
+consider the two a match if the context is a more-specific subset of the
+pattern in the config file. For example, if you have this in your config file:
+
+--------------------------------------
+[credential "https://example.com"]
+	username = foo
+--------------------------------------
+
+then we will match: both protocols are the same, both hosts are the same, and
+the "pattern" URL does not care about the path component at all. However, this
+context would not match:
+
+--------------------------------------
+[credential "https://kernel.org"]
+	username = foo
+--------------------------------------
+
+because the hostnames differ. Nor would it match `foo.example.com`; git
+compares hostnames exactly, without considering whether two hosts are part of
+the same domain. Likewise, a config entry for `http://example.com` would not
+match: git compares the protocols exactly.
+
+
+CONFIGURATION OPTIONS
+---------------------
+
+Options for a credential context can be configured either in
+`credential.*` (which applies to all credentials), or
+`credential.<url>.*`, where <url> matches the context as described
+above.
+
+The following options are available in either location:
+
+helper::
+
+	The name of an external credential helper, and any associated options.
+	If the helper name is not an absolute path, then the string `git
+	credential-` is prepended. The resulting string is executed by the
+	shell (so, for example, setting this to `foo --option=bar` will execute
+	`git credential-foo --option=bar` via the shell. See the manual of
+	specific helpers for examples of their use.
+
+username::
+
+	A default username, if one is not provided in the URL.
+
+useHttpPath::
+
+	By default, git does not consider the "path" component of an http URL
+	to be worth matching via external helpers. This means that a credential
+	stored for `https://example.com/foo.git` will also be used for
+	`https://example.com/bar.git`. If you do want to distinguish these
+	cases, set this option to `true`.
+
+
+CUSTOM HELPERS
+--------------
+
+You can write your own custom helpers to interface with any system in
+which you keep credentials. See the documentation for git's
+link:technical/api-credentials.html[credentials API] for details.
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
index 370624c..daf1782 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitdiffcore.txt
@@ -168,11 +168,11 @@
 number after the "-M" or "-C" option (e.g. "-M8" to tell it to use
 8/10 = 80%).
 
-Note.  When the "-C" option is used with `\--find-copies-harder`
+Note.  When the "-C" option is used with `--find-copies-harder`
 option, 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands feed unmodified filepairs to
 diffcore mechanism as well as modified ones.  This lets the copy
 detector consider unmodified files as copy source candidates at
-the expense of making it slower.  Without `\--find-copies-harder`,
+the expense of making it slower.  Without `--find-copies-harder`,
 'git diff-{asterisk}' commands can detect copies only if the file that was
 copied happened to have been modified in the same changeset.
 
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@
 
 This transformation is used to find filepairs that represent
 changes that touch a specified string, and is controlled by the
--S option and the `\--pickaxe-all` option to the 'git diff-{asterisk}'
+-S option and the `--pickaxe-all` option to the 'git diff-*'
 commands.
 
 When diffcore-pickaxe is in use, it checks if there are
@@ -233,9 +233,9 @@
 "the string appeared in this changeset".  It also checks for the
 opposite case that loses the specified string.
 
-When `\--pickaxe-all` is not in effect, diffcore-pickaxe leaves
+When `--pickaxe-all` is not in effect, diffcore-pickaxe leaves
 only such filepairs that touch the specified string in its
-output.  When `\--pickaxe-all` is used, diffcore-pickaxe leaves all
+output.  When `--pickaxe-all` is used, diffcore-pickaxe leaves all
 filepairs intact if there is such a filepair, or makes the
 output empty otherwise.  The latter behaviour is designed to
 make reviewing of the changes in the context of the whole
diff --git a/Documentation/githooks.txt b/Documentation/githooks.txt
index 28edefa..d839233 100644
--- a/Documentation/githooks.txt
+++ b/Documentation/githooks.txt
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
+with `--no-verify` option.  It takes no parameter, and is
 invoked before obtaining the proposed commit log message and
 making a commit.  Exiting with non-zero status from this script
 causes the 'git commit' to abort.
@@ -99,12 +99,12 @@
 configuration option `commit.template` is set); `merge` (if the
 commit is a merge or a `.git/MERGE_MSG` file exists); `squash`
 (if a `.git/SQUASH_MSG` file exists); or `commit`, followed by
-a commit SHA1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `\--amend` option was given).
+a commit SHA1 (if a `-c`, `-C` or `--amend` option was given).
 
 If the exit status is non-zero, 'git commit' will abort.
 
 The purpose of the hook is to edit the message file in place, and
-it is not suppressed by the `\--no-verify` option.  A non-zero exit
+it is not suppressed by the `--no-verify` option.  A non-zero exit
 means a failure of the hook and aborts the commit.  It should not
 be used as replacement for pre-commit hook.
 
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
 This hook is invoked by 'git commit', and can be bypassed
-with `\--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
+with `--no-verify` option.  It takes a single parameter, the
 name of the file that holds the proposed commit log message.
 Exiting with non-zero status causes the 'git commit' to
 abort.
@@ -176,6 +176,35 @@
 (eg: permissions/ownership, ACLS, etc).  See contrib/hooks/setgitperms.perl
 for an example of how to do this.
 
+pre-push
+~~~~~~~~
+
+This hook is called by 'git push' and can be used to prevent a push from taking
+place.  The hook is called with two parameters which provide the name and
+location of the destination remote, if a named remote is not being used both
+values will be the same.
+
+Information about what is to be pushed is provided on the hook's standard
+input with lines of the form:
+
+  <local ref> SP <local sha1> SP <remote ref> SP <remote sha1> LF
+
+For instance, if the command +git push origin master:foreign+ were run the
+hook would receive a line like the following:
+
+  refs/heads/master 67890 refs/heads/foreign 12345
+
+although the full, 40-character SHA1s would be supplied.  If the foreign ref
+does not yet exist the `<remote SHA1>` will be 40 `0`.  If a ref is to be
+deleted, the `<local ref>` will be supplied as `(delete)` and the `<local
+SHA1>` will be 40 `0`.  If the local commit was specified by something other
+than a name which could be expanded (such as `HEAD~`, or a SHA1) it will be
+supplied as it was originally given.
+
+If this hook exits with a non-zero status, 'git push' will abort without
+pushing anything.  Information about why the push is rejected may be sent
+to the user by writing to standard error.
+
 [[pre-receive]]
 pre-receive
 ~~~~~~~~~~~
diff --git a/Documentation/gitignore.txt b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
index 2e7328b..0da205f 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitignore.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitignore.txt
@@ -41,16 +41,24 @@
    variable 'core.excludesfile'.
 
 Which file to place a pattern in depends on how the pattern is meant to
-be used. Patterns which should be version-controlled and distributed to
-other repositories via clone (i.e., files that all developers will want
-to ignore) should go into a `.gitignore` file. Patterns which are
-specific to a particular repository but which do not need to be shared
-with other related repositories (e.g., auxiliary files that live inside
-the repository but are specific to one user's workflow) should go into
-the `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude` file.  Patterns which a user wants git to
-ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
-the user's editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
-`core.excludesfile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`.
+be used.
+
+ * Patterns which should be version-controlled and distributed to
+   other repositories via clone (i.e., files that all developers will want
+   to ignore) should go into a `.gitignore` file.
+
+ * Patterns which are
+   specific to a particular repository but which do not need to be shared
+   with other related repositories (e.g., auxiliary files that live inside
+   the repository but are specific to one user's workflow) should go into
+   the `$GIT_DIR/info/exclude` file.
+
+ * Patterns which a user wants git to
+   ignore in all situations (e.g., backup or temporary files generated by
+   the user's editor of choice) generally go into a file specified by
+   `core.excludesfile` in the user's `~/.gitconfig`. Its default value is
+   $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ignore. If $XDG_CONFIG_HOME is either not set or
+   empty, $HOME/.config/git/ignore is used instead.
 
 The underlying git plumbing tools, such as
 'git ls-files' and 'git read-tree', read
@@ -66,11 +74,15 @@
    for readability.
 
  - A line starting with # serves as a comment.
+   Put a backslash ("`\`") in front of the first hash for patterns
+   that begin with a hash.
 
- - An optional prefix '!' which negates the pattern; any
+ - An optional prefix "`!`" which negates the pattern; any
    matching file excluded by a previous pattern will become
    included again.  If a negated pattern matches, this will
    override lower precedence patterns sources.
+   Put a backslash ("`\`") in front of the first "`!`" for patterns
+   that begin with a literal "`!`", for example, "`\!important!.txt`".
 
  - If the pattern ends with a slash, it is removed for the
    purpose of the following description, but it would only find
@@ -96,6 +108,25 @@
    For example, "/{asterisk}.c" matches "cat-file.c" but not
    "mozilla-sha1/sha1.c".
 
+Two consecutive asterisks ("`**`") in patterns matched against
+full pathname may have special meaning:
+
+ - A leading "`**`" followed by a slash means match in all
+   directories. For example, "`**/foo`" matches file or directory
+   "`foo`" anywhere, the same as pattern "`foo`". "**/foo/bar"
+   matches file or directory "`bar`" anywhere that is directly
+   under directory "`foo`".
+
+ - A trailing "/**" matches everything inside. For example,
+   "abc/**" matches all files inside directory "abc", relative
+   to the location of the `.gitignore` file, with infinite depth.
+
+ - A slash followed by two consecutive asterisks then a slash
+   matches zero or more directories. For example, "`a/**/b`"
+   matches "`a/b`", "`a/x/b`", "`a/x/y/b`" and so on.
+
+ - Other consecutive asterisks are considered invalid.
+
 NOTES
 -----
 
@@ -153,8 +184,10 @@
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
-linkgit:git-rm[1], linkgit:git-update-index[1],
-linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5]
+linkgit:git-rm[1],
+linkgit:git-update-index[1],
+linkgit:gitrepository-layout[5],
+linkgit:git-check-ignore[1]
 
 GIT
 ---
diff --git a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
index 4040941..52d7ae4 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitmodules.txt
@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@
 of linkgit:git-config[1].
 
 The file contains one subsection per submodule, and the subsection value
-is the name of the submodule. Each submodule section also contains the
+is the name of the submodule. The name is set to the path where the
+submodule has been added unless it was customized with the '--name'
+option of 'git submodule add'. Each submodule section also contains the
 following required keys:
 
 submodule.<name>.path::
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@
 	be unique within the .gitmodules file.
 
 submodule.<name>.url::
-	Defines an url from where the submodule repository can be cloned.
+	Defines a URL from which the submodule repository can be cloned.
 	This may be either an absolute URL ready to be passed to
 	linkgit:git-clone[1] or (if it begins with ./ or ../) a location
 	relative to the superproject's origin repository.
@@ -41,8 +43,16 @@
 	the commit specified in the superproject. If 'merge', the commit
 	specified in the superproject will be merged into the current branch
 	in the submodule.
+	If 'none', the submodule with name `$name` will not be updated
+	by default.
+
 	This config option is overridden if 'git submodule update' is given
-	the '--merge' or '--rebase' options.
+	the '--merge', '--rebase' or '--checkout' options.
+
+submodule.<name>.branch::
+	A remote branch name for tracking updates in the upstream submodule.
+	If the option is not specified, it defaults to 'master'.  See the
+	`--remote` documentation in linkgit:git-submodule[1] for details.
 
 submodule.<name>.fetchRecurseSubmodules::
 	This option can be used to control recursive fetching of this
@@ -84,7 +94,7 @@
 
 This defines two submodules, `libfoo` and `libbar`. These are expected to
 be checked out in the paths 'include/foo' and 'include/bar', and for both
-submodules an url is specified which can be used for cloning the submodules.
+submodules a URL is specified which can be used for cloning the submodules.
 
 SEE ALSO
 --------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
index 5c891f1..9f62886 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitrepository-layout.txt
@@ -93,6 +93,12 @@
 	records tip-of-the-tree commit objects of branches copied
 	from a remote repository.
 
+refs/replace/`<obj-sha1>`::
+	records the SHA1 of the object that replaces `<obj-sha1>`.
+	This is similar to info/grafts and is internally used and
+	maintained by linkgit:git-replace[1]. Such refs can be exchanged
+	between repositories while grafts are not.
+
 packed-refs::
 	records the same information as refs/heads/, refs/tags/,
 	and friends record in a more efficient way.  See
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
index f1e4422..e00a4d2 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial-2.txt
@@ -34,12 +34,12 @@
 $ git add .
 $ git commit -a -m "initial commit"
 [master (root-commit) 54196cc] initial commit
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
  create mode 100644 file.txt
 $ echo 'hello world!' >file.txt
 $ git commit -a -m "add emphasis"
 [master c4d59f3] add emphasis
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
 ------------------------------------------------
 
 What are the 7 digits of hex that git responded to the commit with?
diff --git a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
index dee0505..f1cb6f3 100644
--- a/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gittutorial.txt
@@ -139,9 +139,11 @@
 A note on commit messages: Though not required, it's a good idea to
 begin the commit message with a single short (less than 50 character)
 line summarizing the change, followed by a blank line and then a more
-thorough description.  Tools that turn commits into email, for
-example, use the first line on the Subject: line and the rest of the
-commit in the body.
+thorough description. The text up to the first blank line in a commit
+message is treated as the commit title, and that title is used
+throughout git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
+commit into email, and it uses the title on the Subject line and the
+rest of the commit in the body.
 
 Git tracks content not files
 ----------------------------
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
index 4ca3e27..4947455 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.conf.txt
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@
 	By default set to 'highlight'; set it to full path to highlight
 	executable if it is not installed on your web server's PATH.
 	Note that 'highlight' feature must be set for gitweb to actually
-	use syntax hightlighting.
+	use syntax highlighting.
 +
 *NOTE*: if you want to add support for new file type (supported by
 "highlight" but not used by gitweb), you need to modify `%highlight_ext`
@@ -364,6 +364,11 @@
 +
 Can be set using the `GITWEB_SITENAME` at build time.  Unset by default.
 
+$site_html_head_string::
+	HTML snippet to be included in the <head> section of each page.
+	Can be set using `GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING` at build time.
+	No default value.
+
 $site_header::
 	Name of a file with HTML to be included at the top of each page.
 	Relative to the directory containing the 'gitweb.cgi' script.
@@ -494,6 +499,13 @@
 Set `$maxload` to undefined value (`undef`) to turn this feature off.
 The default value is 300.
 
+$omit_age_column::
+	If true, omit the column with date of the most current commit on the
+	projects list page. It can save a bit of I/O and a fork per repository.
+
+$omit_owner::
+	If true prevents displaying information about repository owner.
+
 $per_request_config::
 	If this is set to code reference, it will be run once for each request.
 	You can	set parts of configuration that change per session this way.
@@ -744,14 +756,14 @@
 forks::
 	If this feature is enabled, gitweb considers projects in
 	subdirectories of project root (basename) to be forks of existing
-	projects.  For each project `$projname.git`, projects in the
-	`$projname/` directory and its subdirectories will not be
-	shown in the main projects list.  Instead, a \'+' mark is shown
-	next to `$projname`, which links to a "forks" view that lists all
-	the forks (all projects in `$projname/` subdirectory).  Additionally
+	projects.  For each project +$projname.git+, projects in the
+	+$projname/+ directory and its subdirectories will not be
+	shown in the main projects list.  Instead, a \'\+' mark is shown
+	next to +$projname+, which links to a "forks" view that lists all
+	the forks (all projects in +$projname/+ subdirectory).  Additionally
 	a "forks" view for a project is linked from project summary page.
 +
-If the project list is taken from a file (`$projects_list` points to a
+If the project list is taken from a file (+$projects_list+ points to a
 file), forks are only recognized if they are listed after the main project
 in that file.
 +
diff --git a/Documentation/gitweb.txt b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
index 605a085..168e8bf 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitweb.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitweb.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
-Gitweb provides a web interface to git repositories.  It's features include:
+Gitweb provides a web interface to git repositories.  Its features include:
 
 * Viewing multiple Git repositories with common root.
 * Browsing every revision of the repository.
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@
 more exact; gitweb is not interested in a working area, and is best suited
 to showing "bare" repositories).
 
-The name of repository in gitweb is path to it's `$GIT_DIR` (it's object
+The name of the repository in gitweb is the path to its `$GIT_DIR` (its object
 database) relative to `$projectroot`.  Therefore the repository $repo can be
 found at "$projectroot/$repo".
 
diff --git a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
index 5e4f362..8b8c6ae 100644
--- a/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
+++ b/Documentation/gitworkflows.txt
@@ -39,8 +39,8 @@
 beginning. It is always easier to squash a few commits together than
 to split one big commit into several.  Don't be afraid of making too
 small or imperfect steps along the way. You can always go back later
-and edit the commits with `git rebase \--interactive` before you
-publish them.  You can use `git stash save \--keep-index` to run the
+and edit the commits with `git rebase --interactive` before you
+publish them.  You can use `git stash save --keep-index` to run the
 test suite independent of other uncommitted changes; see the EXAMPLES
 section of linkgit:git-stash[1].
 
diff --git a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
index 3595b58..f928b57 100644
--- a/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
+++ b/Documentation/glossary-content.txt
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 
 [[def_ent]]ent::
 	Favorite synonym to "<<def_tree-ish,tree-ish>>" by some total geeks. See
-	`http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent_(Middle-earth)` for an in-depth
+	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ent_(Middle-earth) for an in-depth
 	explanation. Avoid this term, not to confuse people.
 
 [[def_evil_merge]]evil merge::
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
index 8823a37..816c791 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/maintain-git.txt
@@ -5,36 +5,47 @@
  neighborhood maintainer is struck down by a wayward bus. Out of the
  hordes of suckers (loyal developers), you have been tricked (chosen) to
  step up as the new maintainer. This howto will show you "how to" do it.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to maintain Git
+===================
+
+Activities
+----------
 
 The maintainer's git time is spent on three activities.
 
- - Communication (60%)
+ - Communication (45%)
 
    Mailing list discussions on general design, fielding user
    questions, diagnosing bug reports; reviewing, commenting on,
    suggesting alternatives to, and rejecting patches.
 
- - Integration (30%)
+ - Integration (50%)
 
    Applying new patches from the contributors while spotting and
    correcting minor mistakes, shuffling the integration and
    testing branches, pushing the results out, cutting the
    releases, and making announcements.
 
- - Own development (10%)
+ - Own development (5%)
 
    Scratching my own itch and sending proposed patch series out.
 
+The Policy
+----------
+
 The policy on Integration is informally mentioned in "A Note
 from the maintainer" message, which is periodically posted to
 this mailing list after each feature release is made.
 
-The policy.
-
  - Feature releases are numbered as vX.Y.Z and are meant to
    contain bugfixes and enhancements in any area, including
    functionality, performance and usability, without regression.
 
+ - One release cycle for a feature release is expected to last for
+   eight to ten weeks.
+
  - Maintenance releases are numbered as vX.Y.Z.W and are meant
    to contain only bugfixes for the corresponding vX.Y.Z feature
    release and earlier maintenance releases vX.Y.Z.V (V < W).
@@ -58,12 +69,15 @@
  - 'pu' branch is used to publish other proposed changes that do
    not yet pass the criteria set for 'next'.
 
- - The tips of 'master', 'maint' and 'next' branches will always
-   fast-forward, to allow people to build their own
-   customization on top of them.
+ - The tips of 'master' and 'maint' branches will not be rewound to
+   allow people to build their own customization on top of them.
+   Early in a new development cycle, 'next' is rewound to the tip of
+   'master' once, but otherwise it will not be rewound until the end
+   of the cycle.
 
- - Usually 'master' contains all of 'maint', 'next' contains all
-   of 'master' and 'pu' contains all of 'next'.
+ - Usually 'master' contains all of 'maint' and 'next' contains all
+   of 'master'.  'pu' contains all the topics merged to 'next', but
+   is rebuilt directly on 'master'.
 
  - The tip of 'master' is meant to be more stable than any
    tagged releases, and the users are encouraged to follow it.
@@ -73,14 +87,22 @@
    are found before new topics are merged to 'master'.
 
 
+A Typical Git Day
+-----------------
+
 A typical git day for the maintainer implements the above policy
 by doing the following:
 
- - Scan mailing list and #git channel log.  Respond with review
-   comments, suggestions etc.  Kibitz.  Collect potentially
-   usable patches from the mailing list.  Patches about a single
-   topic go to one mailbox (I read my mail in Gnus, and type
-   \C-o to save/append messages in files in mbox format).
+ - Scan mailing list.  Respond with review comments, suggestions
+   etc.  Kibitz.  Collect potentially usable patches from the
+   mailing list.  Patches about a single topic go to one mailbox (I
+   read my mail in Gnus, and type \C-o to save/append messages in
+   files in mbox format).
+
+ - Write his own patches to address issues raised on the list but
+   nobody has stepped up solving.  Send it out just like other
+   contributors do, and pick them up just like patches from other
+   contributors (see above).
 
  - Review the patches in the saved mailboxes.  Edit proposed log
    message for typofixes and clarifications, and add Acks
@@ -96,40 +118,32 @@
    - Obviously correct fixes that pertain to the tip of 'master'
      are directly applied to 'master'.
 
+   - Other topics are not handled in this step.
+
    This step is done with "git am".
 
      $ git checkout master    ;# or "git checkout maint"
-     $ git am -3 -s mailbox
+     $ git am -sc3 mailbox
      $ make test
 
- - Merge downwards (maint->master):
-
-     $ git checkout master
-     $ git merge maint
-     $ make test
+   In practice, almost no patch directly goes to 'master' or
+   'maint'.
 
  - Review the last issue of "What's cooking" message, review the
-   topics scheduled for merging upwards (topic->master and
-   topic->maint), and merge.
+   topics ready for merging (topic->master and topic->maint).  Use
+   "Meta/cook -w" script (where Meta/ contains a checkout of the
+   'todo' branch) to aid this step.
+
+   And perform the merge.  Use "Meta/Reintegrate -e" script (see
+   later) to aid this step.
+
+     $ Meta/cook -w last-issue-of-whats-cooking.mbox
 
      $ git checkout master    ;# or "git checkout maint"
-     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# or "git merge ai/maint-topic"
+     $ echo ai/topic | Meta/Reintegrate -e ;# "git merge ai/topic"
      $ git log -p ORIG_HEAD.. ;# final review
      $ git diff ORIG_HEAD..   ;# final review
      $ make test              ;# final review
-     $ git branch -d ai/topic ;# or "git branch -d ai/maint-topic"
-
- - Merge downwards (maint->master) if needed:
-
-     $ git checkout master
-     $ git merge maint
-     $ make test
-
- - Merge downwards (master->next) if needed:
-
-     $ git checkout next
-     $ git merge master
-     $ make test
 
  - Handle the remaining patches:
 
@@ -138,9 +152,9 @@
      and not in 'master') is applied to a new topic branch that
      is forked from the tip of 'master'.  This includes both
      enhancements and unobvious fixes to 'master'.  A topic
-     branch is named as ai/topic where "ai" is typically
-     author's initial and "topic" is a descriptive name of the
-     topic (in other words, "what's the series is about").
+     branch is named as ai/topic where "ai" is two-letter string
+     named after author's initial and "topic" is a descriptive name
+     of the topic (in other words, "what's the series is about").
 
    - An unobvious fix meant for 'maint' is applied to a new
      topic branch that is forked from the tip of 'maint'.  The
@@ -158,7 +172,8 @@
 
    The above except the "replacement" are all done with:
 
-     $ git am -3 -s mailbox
+     $ git checkout ai/topic ;# or "git checkout -b ai/topic master"
+     $ git am -sc3 mailbox
 
    while patch replacement is often done by:
 
@@ -166,93 +181,170 @@
 
    then replace some parts with the new patch, and reapplying:
 
+     $ git checkout ai/topic
      $ git reset --hard ai/topic~$n
-     $ git am -3 -s 000*.txt
+     $ git am -sc3 -s 000*.txt
 
    The full test suite is always run for 'maint' and 'master'
    after patch application; for topic branches the tests are run
    as time permits.
 
+ - Merge maint to master as needed:
+
+     $ git checkout master
+     $ git merge maint
+     $ make test
+
+ - Merge master to next as needed:
+
+     $ git checkout next
+     $ git merge master
+     $ make test
+
+ - Review the last issue of "What's cooking" again and see if topics
+   that are ready to be merged to 'next' are still in good shape
+   (e.g. has there any new issue identified on the list with the
+   series?)
+
+ - Prepare 'jch' branch, which is used to represent somewhere
+   between 'master' and 'pu' and often is slightly ahead of 'next'.
+
+     $ Meta/Reintegrate master..pu >Meta/redo-jch.sh
+
+   The result is a script that lists topics to be merged in order to
+   rebuild 'pu' as the input to Meta/Reintegrate script.  Remove
+   later topics that should not be in 'jch' yet.  Add a line that
+   consists of '### match next' before the name of the first topic
+   in the output that should be in 'jch' but not in 'next' yet.
+
+ - Now we are ready to start merging topics to 'next'.  For each
+   branch whose tip is not merged to 'next', one of three things can
+   happen:
+
+   - The commits are all next-worthy; merge the topic to next;
+   - The new parts are of mixed quality, but earlier ones are
+     next-worthy; merge the early parts to next;
+   - Nothing is next-worthy; do not do anything.
+
+   This step is aided with Meta/redo-jch.sh script created earlier.
+   If a topic that was already in 'next' gained a patch, the script
+   would list it as "ai/topic~1".  To include the new patch to the
+   updated 'next', drop the "~1" part; to keep it excluded, do not
+   touch the line.  If a topic that was not in 'next' should be
+   merged to 'next', add it at the end of the list.  Then:
+
+     $ git checkout -B jch master
+     $ Meta/redo-jch.sh -c1
+
+   to rebuild the 'jch' branch from scratch.  "-c1" tells the script
+   to stop merging at the first line that begins with '###'
+   (i.e. the "### match next" line you added earlier).
+
+   At this point, build-test the result.  It may reveal semantic
+   conflicts (e.g. a topic renamed a variable, another added a new
+   reference to the variable under its old name), in which case
+   prepare an appropriate merge-fix first (see appendix), and
+   rebuild the 'jch' branch from scratch, starting at the tip of
+   'master'.
+
+   Then do the same to 'next'
+
+     $ git checkout next
+     $ sh Meta/redo-jch.sh -c1 -e
+
+   The "-e" option allows the merge message that comes from the
+   history of the topic and the comments in the "What's cooking" to
+   be edited.  The resulting tree should match 'jch' as the same set
+   of topics are merged on 'master'; otherwise there is a mismerge.
+   Investigate why and do not proceed until the mismerge is found
+   and rectified.
+
+     $ git diff jch next
+
+   When all is well, clean up the redo-jch.sh script with
+
+     $ sh Meta/redo-jch.sh -u
+
+   This removes topics listed in the script that have already been
+   merged to 'master'.  This may lose '### match next' marker;
+   add it again to the appropriate place when it happens.
+
+ - Rebuild 'pu'.
+
+     $ Meta/Reintegrate master..pu >Meta/redo-pu.sh
+
+   Edit the result by adding new topics that are not still in 'pu'
+   in the script.  Then
+
+     $ git checkout -B pu jch
+     $ sh Meta/redo-pu.sh
+
+   When all is well, clean up the redo-pu.sh script with
+
+     $ sh Meta/redo-pu.sh -u
+
+   Double check by running
+
+     $ git branch --no-merged pu
+
+   to see there is no unexpected leftover topics.
+
+   At this point, build-test the result for semantic conflicts, and
+   if there are, prepare an appropriate merge-fix first (see
+   appendix), and rebuild the 'pu' branch from scratch, starting at
+   the tip of 'jch'.
+
  - Update "What's cooking" message to review the updates to
    existing topics, newly added topics and graduated topics.
 
-   This step is helped with Meta/cook script (where Meta/ contains
-   a checkout of the 'todo' branch).
+   This step is helped with Meta/cook script.
 
- - Merge topics to 'next'.  For each branch whose tip is not
-   merged to 'next', one of three things can happen:
+     $ Meta/cook
 
-   - The commits are all next-worthy; merge the topic to next:
+   This script inspects the history between master..pu, finds tips
+   of topic branches, compares what it found with the current
+   contents in Meta/whats-cooking.txt, and updates that file.
+   Topics not listed in the file but are found in master..pu are
+   added to the "New topics" section, topics listed in the file that
+   are no longer found in master..pu are moved to the "Graduated to
+   master" section, and topics whose commits changed their states
+   (e.g. used to be only in 'pu', now merged to 'next') are updated
+   with change markers "<<" and ">>".
 
-     $ git checkout next
-     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# or "git merge ai/maint-topic"
-     $ make test
+   Look for lines enclosed in "<<" and ">>"; they hold contents from
+   old file that are replaced by this integration round.  After
+   verifying them, remove the old part.  Review the description for
+   each topic and update its doneness and plan as needed.  To review
+   the updated plan, run
 
-   - The new parts are of mixed quality, but earlier ones are
-     next-worthy; merge the early parts to next:
+     $ Meta/cook -w
 
-     $ git checkout next
-     $ git merge ai/topic~2   ;# the tip two are dubious
-     $ make test
+   which will pick up comments given to the topics, such as "Will
+   merge to 'next'", etc. (see Meta/cook script to learn what kind
+   of phrases are supported).
 
-   - Nothing is next-worthy; do not do anything.
+ - Compile, test and install all four (five) integration branches;
+   Meta/Dothem script may aid this step.
 
- - [** OBSOLETE **] Optionally rebase topics that do not have any commit
-   in next yet, when they can take advantage of low-level framework
-   change that is merged to 'master' already.
+ - Format documentation if the 'master' branch was updated;
+   Meta/dodoc.sh script may aid this step.
 
-     $ git rebase master ai/topic
+ - Push the integration branches out to public places; Meta/pushall
+   script may aid this step.
 
-   This step is helped with Meta/git-topic.perl script to
-   identify which topic is rebaseable.  There also is a
-   pre-rebase hook to make sure that topics that are already in
-   'next' are not rebased beyond the merged commit.
-
- - [** OBSOLETE **] Rebuild "pu" to merge the tips of topics not in 'next'.
-
-     $ git checkout pu
-     $ git reset --hard next
-     $ git merge ai/topic     ;# repeat for all remaining topics
-     $ make test
-
-   This step is helped with Meta/PU script
-
- - Push four integration branches to a private repository at
-   k.org and run "make test" on all of them.
-
- - Push four integration branches to /pub/scm/git/git.git at
-   k.org.  This triggers its post-update hook which:
-
-    (1) runs "git pull" in $HOME/git-doc/ repository to pull
-        'master' just pushed out;
-
-    (2) runs "make doc" in $HOME/git-doc/, install the generated
-        documentation in staging areas, which are separate
-        repositories that have html and man branches checked
-        out.
-
-    (3) runs "git commit" in the staging areas, and run "git
-        push" back to /pub/scm/git/git.git/ to update the html
-        and man branches.
-
-    (4) installs generated documentation to /pub/software/scm/git/docs/
-        to be viewed from http://www.kernel.org/
-
- - Fetch html and man branches back from k.org, and push four
-   integration branches and the two documentation branches to
-   repo.or.cz and other mirrors.
-
+Observations
+------------
 
 Some observations to be made.
 
- * Each topic is tested individually, and also together with
-   other topics cooking in 'next'.  Until it matures, none part
-   of it is merged to 'master'.
+ * Each topic is tested individually, and also together with other
+   topics cooking first in 'pu', then in 'jch' and then in 'next'.
+   Until it matures, no part of it is merged to 'master'.
 
  * A topic already in 'next' can get fixes while still in
    'next'.  Such a topic will have many merges to 'next' (in
    other words, "git log --first-parent next" will show many
-   "Merge ai/topic to next" for the same topic.
+   "Merge branch 'ai/topic' to next" for the same topic.
 
  * An unobvious fix for 'maint' is cooked in 'next' and then
    merged to 'master' to make extra sure it is Ok and then
@@ -274,3 +366,80 @@
  * Being in the 'next' branch is not a guarantee for a topic to
    be included in the next feature release.  Being in the
    'master' branch typically is.
+
+
+Appendix
+--------
+
+Preparing a "merge-fix"
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+A merge of two topics may not textually conflict but still have
+conflict at the semantic level. A classic example is for one topic
+to rename an variable and all its uses, while another topic adds a
+new use of the variable under its old name. When these two topics
+are merged together, the reference to the variable newly added by
+the latter topic will still use the old name in the result.
+
+The Meta/Reintegrate script that is used by redo-jch and redo-pu
+scripts implements a crude but usable way to work this issue around.
+When the script merges branch $X, it checks if "refs/merge-fix/$X"
+exists, and if so, the effect of it is squashed into the result of
+the mechanical merge.  In other words,
+
+     $ echo $X | Meta/Reintegrate
+
+is roughly equivalent to this sequence:
+
+     $ git merge --rerere-autoupdate $X
+     $ git commit
+     $ git cherry-pick -n refs/merge-fix/$X
+     $ git commit --amend
+
+The goal of this "prepare a merge-fix" step is to come up with a
+commit that can be squashed into a result of mechanical merge to
+correct semantic conflicts.
+
+After finding that the result of merging branch "ai/topic" to an
+integration branch had such a semantic conflict, say pu~4, check the
+problematic merge out on a detached HEAD, edit the working tree to
+fix the semantic conflict, and make a separate commit to record the
+fix-up:
+
+     $ git checkout pu~4
+     $ git show -s --pretty=%s ;# double check
+     Merge branch 'ai/topic' to pu
+     $ edit
+     $ git commit -m 'merge-fix/ai/topic' -a
+
+Then make a reference "refs/merge-fix/ai/topic" to point at this
+result:
+
+     $ git update-ref refs/merge-fix/ai/topic HEAD
+
+Then double check the result by asking Meta/Reintegrate to redo the
+merge:
+
+     $ git checkout pu~5 ;# the parent of the problem merge
+     $ echo ai/topic | Meta/Reintegrate
+     $ git diff pu~4
+
+This time, because you prepared refs/merge-fix/ai/topic, the
+resulting merge should have been tweaked to include the fix for the
+semantic conflict.
+
+Note that this assumes that the order in which conflicting branches
+are merged does not change.  If the reason why merging ai/topic
+branch needs this merge-fix is because another branch merged earlier
+to the integration branch changed the underlying assumption ai/topic
+branch made (e.g. ai/topic branch added a site to refer to a
+variable, while the other branch renamed that variable and adjusted
+existing use sites), and if you changed redo-jch (or redo-pu) script
+to merge ai/topic branch before the other branch, then the above
+merge-fix should not be applied while merging ai/topic, but should
+instead be applied while merging the other branch.  You would need
+to move the fix to apply to the other branch, perhaps like this:
+
+      $ mf=refs/merge-fix
+      $ git update-ref $mf/$the_other_branch $mf/ai/topic
+      $ git update-ref -d $mf/ai/topic
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36502f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/new-command.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+From: Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
+Abstract: This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
+ commands to git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to integrate new subcommands
+================================
+
+This is how-to documentation for people who want to add extension
+commands to git.  It should be read alongside api-builtin.txt.
+
+Runtime environment
+-------------------
+
+git subcommands are standalone executables that live in the git exec
+path, normally /usr/lib/git-core.  The git executable itself is a
+thin wrapper that knows where the subcommands live, and runs them by
+passing command-line arguments to them.
+
+(If "git foo" is not found in the git exec path, the wrapper
+will look in the rest of your $PATH for it.  Thus, it's possible
+to write local git extensions that don't live in system space.)
+
+Implementation languages
+------------------------
+
+Most subcommands are written in C or shell.  A few are written in
+Perl.
+
+While we strongly encourage coding in portable C for portability,
+these specific scripting languages are also acceptable.  We won't
+accept more without a very strong technical case, as we don't want
+to broaden the git suite's required dependencies.  Import utilities,
+surgical tools, remote helpers and other code at the edges of the
+git suite are more lenient and we allow Python (and even Tcl/tk),
+but they should not be used for core functions.
+
+This may change in the future.  Especially Python is not allowed in
+core because we need better Python integration in the git Windows
+installer before we can be confident people in that environment
+won't experience an unacceptably large loss of capability.
+
+C commands are normally written as single modules, named after the
+command, that link a collection of functions called libgit.  Thus,
+your command 'git-foo' would normally be implemented as a single
+"git-foo.c" (or "builtin/foo.c" if it is to be linked to the main
+binary); this organization makes it easy for people reading the code
+to find things.
+
+See the CodingGuidelines document for other guidance on what we consider
+good practice in C and shell, and api-builtin.txt for the support
+functions available to built-in commands written in C.
+
+What every extension command needs
+----------------------------------
+
+You must have a man page, written in asciidoc (this is what git help
+followed by your subcommand name will display).  Be aware that there is
+a local asciidoc configuration and macros which you should use.  It's
+often helpful to start by cloning an existing page and replacing the
+text content.
+
+You must have a test, written to report in TAP (Test Anything Protocol).
+Tests are executables (usually shell scripts) that live in the 't'
+subdirectory of the tree.  Each test name begins with 't' and a sequence
+number that controls where in the test sequence it will be executed;
+conventionally the rest of the name stem is that of the command
+being tested.
+
+Read the file t/README to learn more about the conventions to be used
+in writing tests, and the test support library.
+
+Integrating a command
+---------------------
+
+Here are the things you need to do when you want to merge a new
+subcommand into the git tree.
+
+1. Don't forget to sign off your patch!
+
+2. Append your command name to one of the variables BUILTIN_OBJS,
+EXTRA_PROGRAMS, SCRIPT_SH, SCRIPT_PERL or SCRIPT_PYTHON.
+
+3. Drop its test in the t directory.
+
+4. If your command is implemented in an interpreted language with a
+p-code intermediate form, make sure .gitignore in the main directory
+includes a pattern entry that ignores such files.  Python .pyc and
+.pyo files will already be covered.
+
+5. If your command has any dependency on a particular version of
+your language, document it in the INSTALL file.
+
+6. There is a file command-list.txt in the distribution main directory
+that categorizes commands by type, so they can be listed in appropriate
+subsections in the documentation's summary command list.  Add an entry
+for yours.  To understand the categories, look at git-cmmands.txt
+in the main directory.
+
+7. Give the maintainer one paragraph to include in the RelNotes file
+to describe the new feature; a good place to do so is in the cover
+letter [PATCH 0/n].
+
+That's all there is to it.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
index 74a1c0c..4627ee4 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebase-from-internal-branch.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,12 @@
  the "master" branch, and how "rebase" works.  Also discussed
  is how this applies to individual developers who sends patches
  upstream.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
+How to rebase from an internal branch
+=====================================
+
+--------------------------------------
 Petr Baudis <pasky@suse.cz> writes:
 
 > Dear diary, on Sun, Aug 14, 2005 at 09:57:13AM CEST, I got a letter
@@ -19,6 +24,7 @@
 >> > branch to the real branches.
 >>
 > Actually, wouldn't this be also precisely for what StGIT is intended to?
+--------------------------------------
 
 Exactly my feeling.  I was sort of waiting for Catalin to speak
 up.  With its basing philosophical ancestry on quilt, this is
@@ -156,8 +162,3 @@
 the #1' commit.
 
 -jc
-
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diff --git a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
index 48c6756..00c1b45 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/rebuild-from-update-hook.txt
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 Abstract: In this how-to article, JC talks about how he
  uses the post-update hook to automate git documentation page
  shown at http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to rebuild from update hook
+===============================
 
 The pages under http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
 are built from Documentation/ directory of the git.git project
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
index 323b513..7484735 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/recover-corrupted-blob-object.txt
@@ -3,11 +3,17 @@
 Subject: corrupt object on git-gc
 Abstract: Some tricks to reconstruct blob objects in order to fix
  a corrupted repository.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
 
+How to recover a corrupted blob object
+======================================
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 On Fri, 9 Nov 2007, Yossi Leybovich wrote:
 >
 > Did not help still the repository look for this object?
 > Any one know how can I track this object and understand which file is it
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 
 So exactly *because* the SHA1 hash is cryptographically secure, the hash
 itself doesn't actually tell you anything, in order to fix a corrupt
@@ -31,19 +37,23 @@
 interesting for the future, in the hope that you can re-create a
 non-corrupt version.
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 So:
 
 > ib]$ mv .git/objects/4b/9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200 ../
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 
 This is the right thing to do, although it's usually best to save it under
 it's full SHA1 name (you just dropped the "4b" from the result ;).
 
 Let's see what that tells us:
 
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 > ib]$ git-fsck --full
 > broken link from    tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
 >              to    blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
 > missing blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
+-----------------------------------------------------------
 
 Ok, I removed the "dangling commit" messages, because they are just
 messages about the fact that you probably have rebased etc, so they're not
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
index 6fd7119..8a68548 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-a-faulty-merge.txt
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
  after the offending branch is fixed.
 Message-ID: <7vocz8a6zk.fsf@gitster.siamese.dyndns.org>
 References: <alpine.LFD.2.00.0812181949450.14014@localhost.localdomain>
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to revert a faulty merge
+============================
 
 Alan <alan@clueserver.org> said:
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
index 093c656..a59ced8 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/revert-branch-rebase.txt
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@
 Content-type: text/asciidoc
 Message-ID: <7voe7g3uop.fsf@assigned-by-dhcp.cox.net>
 
-Reverting an existing commit
-============================
+How to revert an existing commit
+================================
 
 One of the changes I pulled into the 'master' branch turns out to
 break building GIT with GCC 2.95.  While they were well intentioned
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
index 6d3eb8e..bd10274 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/separating-topic-branches.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 Subject: Separating topic branches
 Abstract: In this article, JC describes how to separate topic branches.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to separate topic branches
+==============================
 
 This text was originally a footnote to a discussion about the
 behaviour of the git diff commands.
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
index 622ee5c..a695f01 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/setup-git-server-over-http.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,10 @@
 From: Rutger Nijlunsing <rutger@nospam.com>
 Subject: Setting up a git repository which can be pushed into and pulled from over HTTP(S).
 Date: Thu, 10 Aug 2006 22:00:26 +0200
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to setup git server over http
+=================================
 
 Since Apache is one of those packages people like to compile
 themselves while others prefer the bureaucrat's dream Debian, it is
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
index b7f8d41..a5193b1 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/update-hook-example.txt
@@ -5,6 +5,10 @@
 Abstract: An example hooks/update script is presented to
  implement repository maintenance policies, such as who can push
  into which branch and who can make a tag.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to use the update hook
+==========================
 
 When your developer runs git-push into the repository,
 git-receive-pack is run (either locally or over ssh) as that
@@ -32,8 +36,7 @@
 [jc: editorial note.  This is a much improved version by Carl
 since I posted the original outline]
 
--- >8 -- beginning of script -- >8 --
-
+----------------------------------------------------
 #!/bin/bash
 
 umask 002
@@ -111,12 +114,12 @@
 
       info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
       for user_pattern in $user_patterns; do
-	info "Checking user: '$username' against pattern: '$user_pattern'"
-	matchlen=$(expr "$username" : "$user_pattern")
-	if test "$matchlen" = "${#username}"
-	then
-	  grant "Allowing user: '$username' with pattern: '$user_pattern'"
-	fi
+        info "Checking user: '$username' against pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+        matchlen=$(expr "$username" : "$user_pattern")
+        if test "$matchlen" = "${#username}"
+        then
+          grant "Allowing user: '$username' with pattern: '$user_pattern'"
+        fi
       done
       deny "The user is not in the access list for this branch"
     done
@@ -149,13 +152,13 @@
 
       info "Found matching head pattern: '$head_pattern'"
       for group_pattern in $group_patterns; do
-	for groupname in $groups; do
-	  info "Checking group: '$groupname' against pattern: '$group_pattern'"
-	  matchlen=$(expr "$groupname" : "$group_pattern")
-	  if test "$matchlen" = "${#groupname}"
-	  then
-	    grant "Allowing group: '$groupname' with pattern: '$group_pattern'"
-	  fi
+        for groupname in $groups; do
+          info "Checking group: '$groupname' against pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+          matchlen=$(expr "$groupname" : "$group_pattern")
+          if test "$matchlen" = "${#groupname}"
+          then
+            grant "Allowing group: '$groupname' with pattern: '$group_pattern'"
+          fi
         done
       done
       deny "None of the user's groups are in the access list for this branch"
@@ -169,24 +172,21 @@
 fi
 
 deny >/dev/null "There are no more rules to check.  Denying access"
-
--- >8 -- end of script -- >8 --
+----------------------------------------------------
 
 This uses two files, $GIT_DIR/info/allowed-users and
 allowed-groups, to describe which heads can be pushed into by
 whom.  The format of each file would look like this:
 
-        refs/heads/master	junio
-	+refs/heads/pu		junio
-        refs/heads/cogito$	pasky
-        refs/heads/bw/.*	linus
-        refs/heads/tmp/.*	.*
-        refs/tags/v[0-9].*	junio
+    refs/heads/master   junio
+    +refs/heads/pu      junio
+    refs/heads/cogito$  pasky
+    refs/heads/bw/.*    linus
+    refs/heads/tmp/.*   .*
+    refs/tags/v[0-9].*  junio
 
 With this, Linus can push or create "bw/penguin" or "bw/zebra"
 or "bw/panda" branches, Pasky can do only "cogito", and JC can
 do master and pu branches and make versioned tags.  And anybody
 can do tmp/blah branches. The '+' sign at the pu record means
 that JC can make non-fast-forward pushes on it.
-
-------------
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
index 4e2f75c..23cdf35 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/use-git-daemon.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,7 @@
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
 How to use git-daemon
+=====================
 
 Git can be run in inetd mode and in stand alone mode. But all you want is
 let a coworker pull from you, and therefore need to set up a git server
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
index 2933056..1ae8d12 100644
--- a/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
+++ b/Documentation/howto/using-merge-subtree.txt
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 situation.
 
 In this example, let's say you have the repository at `/path/to/B` (but
-it can be an URL as well, if you want). You want to merge the 'master'
+it can be a URL as well, if you want). You want to merge the 'master'
 branch of that repository to the `dir-B` subdirectory in your current
 branch.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt b/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00f693b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/howto/using-signed-tag-in-pull-request.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,217 @@
+From: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
+Date: Tue, 17 Jan 2011 13:00:00 -0800
+Subject: Using signed tag in pull requests
+Abstract: Beginning v1.7.9, a contributor can push a signed tag to her
+ publishing repository and ask her integrator to pull it. This assures the
+ integrator that the pulled history is authentic and allows others to
+ later validate it.
+Content-type: text/asciidoc
+
+How to use a signed tag in pull requests
+========================================
+
+A typical distributed workflow using Git is for a contributor to fork a
+project, build on it, publish the result to her public repository, and ask
+the "upstream" person (often the owner of the project where she forked
+from) to pull from her public repository. Requesting such a "pull" is made
+easy by the `git request-pull` command.
+
+Earlier, a typical pull request may have started like this:
+
+------------
+ The following changes since commit 406da78032179...:
+
+   Froboz 3.2 (2011-09-30 14:20:57 -0700)
+
+ are available in the git repository at:
+
+   example.com:/git/froboz.git for-xyzzy
+------------
+
+followed by a shortlog of the changes and a diffstat.
+
+The request was for a branch name (e.g. `for-xyzzy`) in the public
+repository of the contributor, and even though it stated where the
+contributor forked her work from, the message did not say anything about
+the commit to expect at the tip of the for-xyzzy branch. If the site that
+hosts the public repository of the contributor cannot be fully trusted, it
+was unnecessarily hard to make sure what was pulled by the integrator was
+genuinely what the contributor had produced for the project. Also there
+was no easy way for third-party auditors to later verify the resulting
+history.
+
+Starting from Git release v1.7.9, a contributor can add a signed tag to
+the commit at the tip of the history and ask the integrator to pull that
+signed tag. When the integrator runs `git pull`, the signed tag is
+automatically verified to assure that the history is not tampered with.
+In addition, the resulting merge commit records the content of the signed
+tag, so that other people can verify that the branch merged by the
+integrator was signed by the contributor, without fetching the signed tag
+used to validate the pull request separately and keeping it in the refs
+namespace.
+
+This document describes the workflow between the contributor and the
+integrator, using Git v1.7.9 or later.
+
+
+A contributor or a lieutenant
+-----------------------------
+
+After preparing her work to be pulled, the contributor uses `git tag -s`
+to create a signed tag:
+
+------------
+ $ git checkout work
+ $ ... "git pull" from sublieutenants, "git commit" your own work ...
+ $ git tag -s -m "Completed frotz feature" frotz-for-xyzzy work
+------------
+
+Note that this example uses the `-m` option to create a signed tag with
+just a one-liner message, but this is for illustration purposes only. It
+is advisable to compose a well-written explanation of what the topic does
+to justify why it is worthwhile for the integrator to pull it, as this
+message will eventually become part of the final history after the
+integrator responds to the pull request (as we will see later).
+
+Then she pushes the tag out to her public repository:
+
+------------
+ $ git push example.com:/git/froboz.git/ +frotz-for-xyzzy
+------------
+
+There is no need to push the `work` branch or anything else.
+
+Note that the above command line used a plus sign at the beginning of
+`+frotz-for-xyzzy` to allow forcing the update of a tag, as the same
+contributor may want to reuse a signed tag with the same name after the
+previous pull request has already been responded to.
+
+The contributor then prepares a message to request a "pull":
+
+------------
+ $ git request-pull v3.2 example.com:/git/froboz.git/ frotz-for-xyzzy >msg.txt
+------------
+
+The arguments are:
+
+. the version of the integrator's commit the contributor based her work on;
+. the URL of the repository, to which the contributor has pushed what she
+  wants to get pulled; and
+. the name of the tag the contributor wants to get pulled (earlier, she could
+  write only a branch name here).
+
+The resulting msg.txt file begins like so:
+
+------------
+ The following changes since commit 406da78032179...:
+
+   Froboz 3.2 (2011-09-30 14:20:57 -0700)
+
+ are available in the git repository at:
+
+   example.com:/git/froboz.git tags/frotz-for-xyzzy
+
+ for you to fetch changes up to 703f05ad5835c...:
+
+   Add tests and documentation for frotz (2011-12-02 10:02:52 -0800)
+
+ -----------------------------------------------
+ Completed frotz feature
+ -----------------------------------------------
+------------
+
+followed by a shortlog of the changes and a diffstat.  Comparing this with
+the earlier illustration of the output from the traditional `git request-pull`
+command, the reader should notice that:
+
+. The tip commit to expect is shown to the integrator; and
+. The signed tag message is shown prominently between the dashed lines
+  before the shortlog.
+
+The latter is why the contributor would want to justify why pulling her
+work is worthwhile when creating the signed tag.  The contributor then
+opens her favorite MUA, reads msg.txt, edits and sends it to her upstream
+integrator.
+
+
+Integrator
+----------
+
+After receiving such a pull request message, the integrator fetches and
+integrates the tag named in the request, with:
+
+------------
+ $ git pull example.com:/git/froboz.git/ tags/frotz-for-xyzzy
+------------
+
+This operation will always open an editor to allow the integrator to fine
+tune the commit log message when merging a signed tag.  Also, pulling a
+signed tag will always create a merge commit even when the integrator does
+not have any new commit since the contributor's work forked (i.e. 'fast
+forward'), so that the integrator can properly explain what the merge is
+about and why it was made.
+
+In the editor, the integrator will see something like this:
+
+------------
+ Merge tag 'frotz-for-xyzzy' of example.com:/git/froboz.git/
+
+ Completed frotz feature
+ # gpg: Signature made Fri 02 Dec 2011 10:03:01 AM PST using RSA key ID 96AFE6CB
+ # gpg: Good signature from "Con Tributor <nitfol@example.com>"
+------------
+
+Notice that the message recorded in the signed tag "Completed frotz
+feature" appears here, and again that is why it is important for the
+contributor to explain her work well when creating the signed tag.
+
+As usual, the lines commented with `#` are stripped out. The resulting
+commit records the signed tag used for this validation in a hidden field
+so that it can later be used by others to audit the history. There is no
+need for the integrator to keep a separate copy of the tag in his
+repository (i.e. `git tag -l` won't list the `frotz-for-xyzzy` tag in the
+above example), and there is no need to publish the tag to his public
+repository, either.
+
+After the integrator responds to the pull request and her work becomes
+part of the permanent history, the contributor can remove the tag from
+her public repository, if she chooses, in order to keep the tag namespace
+of her public repository clean, with:
+
+------------
+ $ git push example.com:/git/froboz.git :frotz-for-xyzzy
+------------
+
+
+Auditors
+--------
+
+The `--show-signature` option can be given to `git log` or `git show` and
+shows the verification status of the embedded signed tag in merge commits
+created when the integrator responded to a pull request of a signed tag.
+
+A typical output from `git show --show-signature` may look like this:
+
+------------
+ $ git show --show-signature
+ commit 02306ef6a3498a39118aef9df7975bdb50091585
+ merged tag 'frotz-for-xyzzy'
+ gpg: Signature made Fri 06 Jan 2012 12:41:49 PM PST using RSA key ID 96AFE6CB
+ gpg: Good signature from "Con Tributor <nitfol@example.com>"
+ Merge: 406da78 703f05a
+ Author: Inte Grator <xyzzy@example.com>
+ Date:   Tue Jan 17 13:49:41 2012 -0800
+
+     Merge tag 'frotz-for-xyzzy' of example.com:/git/froboz.git/
+
+     Completed frotz feature
+
+     * tag 'frotz-for-xyzzy' (100 commits)
+       Add tests and documentation for frotz
+       ...
+------------
+
+There is no need for the auditor to explicitly fetch the contributor's
+signature, or to even be aware of what tag(s) the contributor and integrator
+used to communicate the signature.  All the required information is recorded
+as part of the merge commit.
diff --git a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
index 35f4408..327f69b 100755
--- a/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
+++ b/Documentation/install-doc-quick.sh
@@ -1,31 +1,39 @@
 #!/bin/sh
-# This requires a branch named in $head
-# (usually 'man' or 'html', provided by the git.git repository)
-set -e
-head="$1"
-mandir="$2"
-SUBDIRECTORY_OK=t
-USAGE='<refname> <target directory>'
-. "$(git --exec-path)"/git-sh-setup
-cd_to_toplevel
+# This requires git-manpages and/or git-htmldocs repositories
 
-test -z "$mandir" && usage
-if ! git rev-parse --verify "$head^0" >/dev/null; then
-	echo >&2 "head: $head does not exist in the current repository"
-	usage
+repository=${1?repository}
+destdir=${2?destination}
+
+head=master GIT_DIR=
+for d in "$repository/.git" "$repository"
+do
+	if GIT_DIR="$d" git rev-parse refs/heads/master >/dev/null 2>&1
+	then
+		GIT_DIR="$d"
+		export GIT_DIR
+		break
+	fi
+done
+
+if test -z "$GIT_DIR"
+then
+	echo >&2 "Neither $repository nor $repository/.git is a repository"
+	exit 1
 fi
 
-GIT_INDEX_FILE=`pwd`/.quick-doc.index
-export GIT_INDEX_FILE
+GIT_WORK_TREE=$(pwd)
+GIT_INDEX_FILE=$(pwd)/.quick-doc.$$
+export GIT_INDEX_FILE GIT_WORK_TREE
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
 trap 'rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"' 0
 
 git read-tree $head
-git checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$mandir"/
+git checkout-index -a -f --prefix="$destdir"/
 
-if test -n "$GZ"; then
+if test -n "$GZ"
+then
 	git ls-tree -r --name-only $head |
-	xargs printf "$mandir/%s\n" |
+	xargs printf "$destdir/%s\n" |
 	xargs gzip -f
 fi
 rm -f "$GIT_INDEX_FILE"
diff --git a/Documentation/mailmap.txt b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
index 288f04e..4a8c276 100644
--- a/Documentation/mailmap.txt
+++ b/Documentation/mailmap.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 If the file `.mailmap` exists at the toplevel of the repository, or at
-the location pointed to by the mailmap.file configuration option, it
+the location pointed to by the mailmap.file or mailmap.blob
+configuration options, it
 is used to map author and committer names and email addresses to
 canonical real names and email addresses.
 
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@
 Joe R. Developer <joe@example.com>
 ------------
 
-Note how there is no need for an entry for <jane@laptop.(none)>, because the
+Note how there is no need for an entry for `<jane@laptop.(none)>`, because the
 real name of that author is already correct.
 
 Example 2: Your repository contains commits from the following
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-config.txt b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
index 861bd6f..9bb4956 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-config.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-config.txt
@@ -9,11 +9,11 @@
 merge.defaultToUpstream::
 	If merge is called without any commit argument, merge the upstream
 	branches configured for the current branch by using their last
-	observed values stored in their remote tracking branches.
+	observed values stored in their remote-tracking branches.
 	The values of the `branch.<current branch>.merge` that name the
 	branches at the remote named by `branch.<current branch>.remote`
 	are consulted, and then they are mapped via `remote.<remote>.fetch`
-	to their corresponding remote tracking branches, and the tips of
+	to their corresponding remote-tracking branches, and the tips of
 	these tracking branches are merged.
 
 merge.ff::
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-options.txt b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
index 6bd0b04..0bcbe0a 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-options.txt
@@ -8,19 +8,34 @@
 inspect and further tweak the merge result before committing.
 
 --edit::
--e::
+--no-edit::
+	Invoke an editor before committing successful mechanical merge to
+	further edit the auto-generated merge message, so that the user
+	can explain and justify the merge. The `--no-edit` option can be
+	used to accept the auto-generated message (this is generally
+	discouraged). The `--edit` option is still useful if you are
+	giving a draft message with the `-m` option from the command line
+	and want to edit it in the editor.
 +
-	Invoke editor before committing successful merge to further
-	edit the default merge message.
+Older scripts may depend on the historical behaviour of not allowing the
+user to edit the merge log message. They will see an editor opened when
+they run `git merge`. To make it easier to adjust such scripts to the
+updated behaviour, the environment variable `GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT` can be
+set to `no` at the beginning of them.
 
 --ff::
+	When the merge resolves as a fast-forward, only update the branch
+	pointer, without creating a merge commit.  This is the default
+	behavior.
+
 --no-ff::
-	Do not generate a merge commit if the merge resolved as
-	a fast-forward, only update the branch pointer. This is
-	the default behavior of git-merge.
-+
-With --no-ff Generate a merge commit even if the merge
-resolved as a fast-forward.
+	Create a merge commit even when the merge resolves as a
+	fast-forward.
+
+--ff-only::
+	Refuse to merge and exit with a non-zero status unless the
+	current `HEAD` is already up-to-date or the merge can be
+	resolved as a fast-forward.
 
 --log[=<n>]::
 --no-log::
@@ -55,11 +70,6 @@
 With --no-squash perform the merge and commit the result. This
 option can be used to override --squash.
 
---ff-only::
-	Refuse to merge and exit with a non-zero status unless the
-	current `HEAD` is already up-to-date or the merge can be
-	resolved as a fast-forward.
-
 -s <strategy>::
 --strategy=<strategy>::
 	Use the given merge strategy; can be supplied more than
diff --git a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
index 595a3cf..66db802 100644
--- a/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
+++ b/Documentation/merge-strategies.txt
@@ -32,13 +32,14 @@
 	This option forces conflicting hunks to be auto-resolved cleanly by
 	favoring 'our' version.  Changes from the other tree that do not
 	conflict with our side are reflected to the merge result.
+	For a binary file, the entire contents are taken from our side.
 +
 This should not be confused with the 'ours' merge strategy, which does not
 even look at what the other tree contains at all.  It discards everything
 the other tree did, declaring 'our' history contains all that happened in it.
 
 theirs;;
-	This is opposite of 'ours'.
+	This is the opposite of 'ours'.
 
 patience;;
 	With this option, 'merge-recursive' spends a little extra time
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
index 561cc9f..105f18a 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-formats.txt
@@ -130,14 +130,25 @@
 - '%b': body
 - '%B': raw body (unwrapped subject and body)
 - '%N': commit notes
-- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@\{1\}`
-- '%gd': shortened reflog selector, e.g., `stash@\{1\}`
+- '%GG': raw verification message from GPG for a signed commit
+- '%G?': show either "G" for Good or "B" for Bad for a signed commit
+- '%GS': show the name of the signer for a signed commit
+- '%gD': reflog selector, e.g., `refs/stash@{1}`
+- '%gd': shortened reflog selector, e.g., `stash@{1}`
+- '%gn': reflog identity name
+- '%gN': reflog identity name (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
+- '%ge': reflog identity email
+- '%gE': reflog identity email (respecting .mailmap, see linkgit:git-shortlog[1] or linkgit:git-blame[1])
 - '%gs': reflog subject
 - '%Cred': switch color to red
 - '%Cgreen': switch color to green
 - '%Cblue': switch color to blue
 - '%Creset': reset color
-- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option
+- '%C(...)': color specification, as described in color.branch.* config option;
+  adding `auto,` at the beginning will emit color only when colors are
+  enabled for log output (by `color.diff`, `color.ui`, or `--color`, and
+  respecting the `auto` settings of the former if we are going to a
+  terminal)
 - '%m': left, right or boundary mark
 - '%n': newline
 - '%%': a raw '%'
@@ -151,7 +162,7 @@
 `git log -g`). The `%d` placeholder will use the "short" decoration
 format if `--decorate` was not already provided on the command line.
 
-If you add a `{plus}` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed
+If you add a `+` (plus sign) after '%' of a placeholder, a line-feed
 is inserted immediately before the expansion if and only if the
 placeholder expands to a non-empty string.
 
diff --git a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
index 2a3dc86..5e49942 100644
--- a/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pretty-options.txt
@@ -66,3 +66,7 @@
 --[no-]standard-notes::
 	These options are deprecated. Use the above --notes/--no-notes
 	options instead.
+
+--show-signature::
+	Check the validity of a signed commit object by passing the signature
+	to `gpg --verify` and show the output.
diff --git a/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt b/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index beba065..0000000
--- a/Documentation/pt_BR/gittutorial.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,675 +0,0 @@
-gittutorial(7)
-==============
-
-NOME
-----
-gittutorial - Um tutorial de introdução ao git (para versão 1.5.1 ou mais nova)
-
-SINOPSE
---------
-git *
-
-DESCRIÇÃO
------------
-
-Este tutorial explica como importar um novo projeto para o git,
-adicionar mudanças a ele, e compartilhar mudanças com outros
-desenvolvedores.
-
-Se, ao invés disso, você está interessado primariamente em usar git para
-obter um projeto, por exemplo, para testar a última versão, você pode
-preferir começar com os primeiros dois capítulos de
-link:user-manual.html[O Manual do Usuário Git].
-
-Primeiro, note que você pode obter documentação para um comando como
-`git log --graph` com:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ man git-log
-------------------------------------------------
-
-ou:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git help log
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Com a última forma, você pode usar o visualizador de manual de sua
-escolha; veja linkgit:git-help[1] para maior informação.
-
-É uma boa idéia informar ao git seu nome e endereço público de email
-antes de fazer qualquer operação. A maneira mais fácil de fazê-lo é:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git config --global user.name "Seu Nome Vem Aqui"
-$ git config --global user.email voce@seudominio.exemplo.com
-------------------------------------------------
-
-
-Importando um novo projeto
------------------------
-
-Assuma que você tem um tarball project.tar.gz com seu trabalho inicial.
-Você pode colocá-lo sob controle de revisão git da seguinte forma:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ tar xzf project.tar.gz
-$ cd project
-$ git init
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Git irá responder
-
-------------------------------------------------
-Initialized empty Git repository in .git/
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Agora que você iniciou seu diretório de trabalho, você deve ter notado que um
-novo diretório foi criado com o nome de ".git".
-
-A seguir, diga ao git para gravar um instantâneo do conteúdo de todos os
-arquivos sob o diretório atual (note o '.'), com 'git-add':
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git add .
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Este instantâneo está agora armazenado em uma área temporária que o git
-chama de "index" ou índice. Você pode armazenar permanentemente o
-conteúdo do índice no repositório com 'git-commit':
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Isto vai te pedir por uma mensagem de commit. Você agora gravou sua
-primeira versão de seu projeto no git.
-
-Fazendo mudanças
---------------
-
-Modifique alguns arquivos, e, então, adicione seu conteúdo atualizado ao
-índice:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git add file1 file2 file3
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Você está agora pronto para fazer o commit. Você pode ver o que está
-para ser gravado usando 'git-diff' com a opção --cached:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git diff --cached
-------------------------------------------------
-
-(Sem --cached, o comando 'git-diff' irá te mostrar quaisquer mudanças
-que você tenha feito mas ainda não adicionou ao índice.) Você também
-pode obter um breve sumário da situação com 'git-status':
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git status
-# On branch master
-# Changes to be committed:
-#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
-#
-#	modified:   file1
-#	modified:   file2
-#	modified:   file3
-#
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Se você precisar fazer qualquer outro ajuste, faça-o agora, e, então,
-adicione qualquer conteúdo modificado ao índice. Finalmente, grave suas
-mudanças com:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Ao executar esse comando, ele irá te pedir uma mensagem descrevendo a mudança,
-e, então, irá gravar a nova versão do projeto.
-
-Alternativamente, ao invés de executar 'git-add' antes, você pode usar
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit -a
-------------------------------------------------
-
-o que irá automaticamente notar quaisquer arquivos modificados (mas não
-novos), adicioná-los ao índices, e gravar, tudo em um único passo.
-
-Uma nota em mensagens de commit: Apesar de não ser exigido, é uma boa
-idéia começar a mensagem com uma simples e curta (menos de 50
-caracteres) linha sumarizando a mudança, seguida de uma linha em branco
-e, então, uma descrição mais detalhada. Ferramentas que transformam
-commits em email, por exemplo, usam a primeira linha no campo de
-cabeçalho "Subject:" e o resto no corpo.
-
-Git rastreia conteúdo, não arquivos
-----------------------------
-
-Muitos sistemas de controle de revisão provêem um comando `add` que diz
-ao sistema para começar a rastrear mudanças em um novo arquivo. O
-comando `add` do git faz algo mais simples e mais poderoso: 'git-add' é
-usado tanto para arquivos novos e arquivos recentemente modificados, e
-em ambos os casos, ele tira o instantâneo dos arquivos dados e armazena
-o conteúdo no índice, pronto para inclusão do próximo commit.
-
-Visualizando a história do projeto
------------------------
-
-Em qualquer ponto você pode visualizar a história das suas mudanças
-usando
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git log
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Se você também quiser ver a diferença completa a cada passo, use
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git log -p
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Geralmente, uma visão geral da mudança é útil para ter a sensação de
-cada passo
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git log --stat --summary
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Gerenciando "branches"/ramos
------------------
-
-Um simples repositório git pode manter múltiplos ramos de
-desenvolvimento. Para criar um novo ramo chamado "experimental", use
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch experimental
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Se você executar agora
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch
-------------------------------------------------
-
-você vai obter uma lista de todos os ramos existentes:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-  experimental
-* master
-------------------------------------------------
-
-O ramo "experimental" é o que você acaba de criar, e o ramo "master" é o
-ramo padrão que foi criado pra você automaticamente. O asterisco marca
-o ramo em que você está atualmente; digite
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git checkout experimental
-------------------------------------------------
-
-para mudar para o ramo experimental. Agora edite um arquivo, grave a
-mudança, e mude de volta para o ramo master:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-(edita arquivo)
-$ git commit -a
-$ git checkout master
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Verifique que a mudança que você fez não está mais visível, já que ela
-foi feita no ramo experimental e você está de volta ao ramo master.
-
-Você pode fazer uma mudança diferente no ramo master:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-(edit file)
-$ git commit -a
-------------------------------------------------
-
-neste ponto, os dois ramos divergiram, com diferentes mudanças feitas em
-cada um. Para unificar as mudanças feitas no experimental para o
-master, execute
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git merge experimental
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Se as mudanças não conflitarem, estará pronto. Se existirem conflitos,
-marcadores serão deixados nos arquivos problemáticos exibindo o
-conflito;
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git diff
-------------------------------------------------
-
-vai exibir isto. Após você editar os arquivos para resolver os
-conflitos,
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git commit -a
-------------------------------------------------
-
-irá gravar o resultado da unificação. Finalmente,
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ gitk
-------------------------------------------------
-
-vai mostrar uma bela representação gráfica da história resultante.
-
-Neste ponto você pode remover seu ramo experimental com
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ git branch -d experimental
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Este comando garante que as mudanças no ramo experimental já estão no
-ramo atual.
-
-Se você desenvolve em um ramo ideia-louca, e se arrepende, você pode
-sempre remover o ramo com
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git branch -D ideia-louca
--------------------------------------
-
-Ramos são baratos e fáceis, então isto é uma boa maneira de experimentar
-alguma coisa.
-
-Usando git para colaboração
----------------------------
-
-Suponha que Alice começou um novo projeto com um repositório git em
-/home/alice/project, e que Bob, que tem um diretório home na mesma
-máquina, quer contribuir.
-
-Bob começa com:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-bob$ git clone /home/alice/project myrepo
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Isso cria um novo diretório "myrepo" contendo um clone do repositório de
-Alice. O clone está no mesmo pé que o projeto original, possuindo sua
-própria cópia da história do projeto original.
-
-Bob então faz algumas mudanças e as grava:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-(editar arquivos)
-bob$ git commit -a
-(repetir conforme necessário)
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Quanto está pronto, ele diz a Alice para puxar as mudanças do
-repositório em /home/bob/myrepo. Ela o faz com:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-alice$ cd /home/alice/project
-alice$ git pull /home/bob/myrepo master
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Isto unifica as mudanças do ramo "master" do Bob ao ramo atual de Alice.
-Se Alice fez suas próprias mudanças no intervalo, ela, então, pode
-precisar corrigir manualmente quaisquer conflitos. (Note que o argumento
-"master" no comando acima é, de fato, desnecessário, já que é o padrão.)
-
-O comando "pull" executa, então, duas operações: ele obtém mudanças de
-um ramo remoto, e, então, as unifica no ramo atual.
-
-Note que, em geral, Alice gostaria que suas mudanças locais fossem
-gravadas antes de iniciar este "pull". Se o trabalho de Bob conflita
-com o que Alice fez desde que suas histórias se ramificaram, Alice irá
-usar seu diretório de trabalho e o índice para resolver conflitos, e
-mudanças locais existentes irão interferir com o processo de resolução
-de conflitos (git ainda irá realizar a obtenção mas irá se recusar a
-unificar --- Alice terá que se livrar de suas mudanças locais de alguma
-forma e puxar de novo quando isso acontecer).
-
-Alice pode espiar o que Bob fez sem unificar primeiro, usando o comando
-"fetch"; isto permite Alice inspecionar o que Bob fez, usando um símbolo
-especial "FETCH_HEAD", com o fim de determinar se ele tem alguma coisa
-que vale puxar, assim:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-alice$ git fetch /home/bob/myrepo master
-alice$ git log -p HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Esta operação é segura mesmo se Alice tem mudanças locais não gravadas.
-A notação de intervalo "HEAD..FETCH_HEAD" significa mostrar tudo que é
-alcançável de FETCH_HEAD mas exclua tudo o que é alcançável de HEAD.
-Alice já sabe tudo que leva a seu estado atual (HEAD), e revisa o que Bob
-tem em seu estado (FETCH_HEAD) que ela ainda não viu com esse comando.
-
-Se Alice quer visualizar o que Bob fez desde que suas histórias se
-ramificaram, ela pode disparar o seguinte comando:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ gitk HEAD..FETCH_HEAD
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Isto usa a mesma notação de intervalo que vimos antes com 'git log'.
-
-Alice pode querer ver o que ambos fizeram desde que ramificaram. Ela
-pode usar a forma com três pontos ao invés da forma com dois pontos:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-$ gitk HEAD...FETCH_HEAD
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Isto significa "mostre tudo que é alcançável de qualquer um deles, mas
-exclua tudo que é alcançável a partir de ambos".
-
-Por favor, note que essas notações de intervalo podem ser usadas tanto
-com gitk quanto com "git log".
-
-Após inspecionar o que Bob fez, se não há nada urgente, Alice pode
-decidir continuar trabalhando sem puxar de Bob. Se a história de Bob
-tem alguma coisa que Alice precisa imediatamente, Alice pode optar por
-separar seu trabalho em progresso primeiro, fazer um "pull", e, então,
-finalmente, retomar seu trabalho em progresso em cima da história
-resultante.
-
-Quando você está trabalhando em um pequeno grupo unido, não é incomum
-interagir com o mesmo repositório várias e várias vezes. Definindo um
-repositório remoto antes de tudo, você pode fazê-lo mais facilmente:
-
-------------------------------------------------
-alice$ git remote add bob /home/bob/myrepo
-------------------------------------------------
-
-Com isso, Alice pode executar a primeira parte da operação "pull" usando
-o comando 'git-fetch' sem unificar suas mudanças com seu próprio ramo,
-usando:
-
--------------------------------------
-alice$ git fetch bob
--------------------------------------
-
-Diferente da forma longa, quando Alice obteve de Bob usando um
-repositório remoto antes definido com 'git-remote', o que foi obtido é
-armazenado em um ramo remoto, neste caso `bob/master`. Então, após isso:
-
--------------------------------------
-alice$ git log -p master..bob/master
--------------------------------------
-
-mostra uma lista de todas as mudanças que Bob fez desde que ramificou do
-ramo master de Alice.
-
-Após examinar essas mudanças, Alice pode unificá-las em seu ramo master:
-
--------------------------------------
-alice$ git merge bob/master
--------------------------------------
-
-Esse `merge` pode também ser feito puxando de seu próprio ramo remoto,
-assim:
-
--------------------------------------
-alice$ git pull . remotes/bob/master
--------------------------------------
-
-Note que 'git pull' sempre unifica ao ramo atual, independente do que
-mais foi passado na linha de comando.
-
-Depois, Bob pode atualizar seu repositório com as últimas mudanças de
-Alice, usando
-
--------------------------------------
-bob$ git pull
--------------------------------------
-
-Note que ele não precisa dar o caminho do repositório de Alice; quando
-Bob clonou seu repositório, o git armazenou a localização de seu
-repositório na configuração do mesmo, e essa localização é usada
-para puxar:
-
--------------------------------------
-bob$ git config --get remote.origin.url
-/home/alice/project
--------------------------------------
-
-(A configuração completa criada por 'git-clone' é visível usando `git
-config -l`, e a página de manual linkgit:git-config[1] explica o
-significado de cada opção.)
-
-Git também mantém uma cópia limpa do ramo master de Alice sob o nome
-"origin/master":
-
--------------------------------------
-bob$ git branch -r
-  origin/master
--------------------------------------
-
-Se Bob decidir depois em trabalhar em um host diferente, ele ainda pode
-executar clones e puxar usando o protocolo ssh:
-
--------------------------------------
-bob$ git clone alice.org:/home/alice/project myrepo
--------------------------------------
-
-Alternativamente, o git tem um protocolo nativo, ou pode usar rsync ou
-http; veja linkgit:git-pull[1] para detalhes.
-
-Git pode também ser usado em um modo parecido com CVS, com um
-repositório central para o qual vários usuários empurram modificações;
-veja linkgit:git-push[1] e linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7].
-
-Explorando história
------------------
-
-A história no git é representada como uma série de commits
-interrelacionados. Nós já vimos que o comando 'git-log' pode listar
-esses commits. Note que a primeira linha de cada entrada no log também
-dá o nome para o commit:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git log
-commit c82a22c39cbc32576f64f5c6b3f24b99ea8149c7
-Author: Junio C Hamano <junkio@cox.net>
-Date:   Tue May 16 17:18:22 2006 -0700
-
-    merge-base: Clarify the comments on post processing.
--------------------------------------
-
-Nós podemos dar este nome ao 'git-show' para ver os detalhes sobre este
-commit.
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git show c82a22c39cbc32576f64f5c6b3f24b99ea8149c7
--------------------------------------
-
-Mas há outras formas de se referir aos commits. Você pode usar qualquer
-parte inicial do nome que seja longo o bastante para identificar
-unicamente o commit:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git show c82a22c39c	# os primeiros caracteres do nome são o bastante
-			# usualmente
-$ git show HEAD		# a ponta do ramo atual
-$ git show experimental	# a ponta do ramo "experimental"
--------------------------------------
-
-Todo commit normalmente tem um commit "pai" que aponta para o estado
-anterior do projeto:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git show HEAD^  # para ver o pai de HEAD
-$ git show HEAD^^ # para ver o avô de HEAD
-$ git show HEAD~4 # para ver o trisavô de HEAD
--------------------------------------
-
-Note que commits de unificação podem ter mais de um pai:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git show HEAD^1 # mostra o primeiro pai de HEAD (o mesmo que HEAD^)
-$ git show HEAD^2 # mostra o segundo pai de HEAD
--------------------------------------
-
-Você também pode dar aos commits nomes à sua escolha; após executar
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git tag v2.5 1b2e1d63ff
--------------------------------------
-
-você pode se referir a 1b2e1d63ff pelo nome "v2.5". Se você pretende
-compartilhar esse nome com outras pessoas (por exemplo, para identificar
-uma versão de lançamento), você deveria criar um objeto "tag", e talvez
-assiná-lo; veja linkgit:git-tag[1] para detalhes.
-
-Qualquer comando git que precise conhecer um commit pode receber
-quaisquer desses nomes. Por exemplo:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git diff v2.5 HEAD	 # compara o HEAD atual com v2.5
-$ git branch stable v2.5 # inicia um novo ramo chamado "stable" baseado
-			 # em v2.5
-$ git reset --hard HEAD^ # reseta seu ramo atual e seu diretório de
-			 # trabalho a seu estado em HEAD^
--------------------------------------
-
-Seja cuidadoso com o último comando: além de perder quaisquer mudanças
-em seu diretório de trabalho, ele também remove todos os commits
-posteriores desse ramo. Se esse ramo é o único ramo contendo esses
-commits, eles serão perdidos. Também, não use 'git-reset' num ramo
-publicamente visível de onde outros desenvolvedores puxam, já que vai
-forçar unificações desnecessárias para que outros desenvolvedores limpem
-a história. Se você precisa desfazer mudanças que você empurrou, use
-'git-revert' no lugar.
-
-O comando 'git-grep' pode buscar strings em qualquer versão de seu
-projeto, então
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git grep "hello" v2.5
--------------------------------------
-
-procura por todas as ocorrências de "hello" em v2.5.
-
-Se você deixar de fora o nome do commit, 'git-grep' irá procurar
-quaisquer dos arquivos que ele gerencia no diretório corrente. Então
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git grep "hello"
--------------------------------------
-
-é uma forma rápida de buscar somente os arquivos que são rastreados pelo
-git.
-
-Muitos comandos git também recebem um conjunto de commits, o que pode
-ser especificado de várias formas. Aqui estão alguns exemplos com 'git-log':
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git log v2.5..v2.6            # commits entre v2.5 e v2.6
-$ git log v2.5..                # commits desde v2.5
-$ git log --since="2 weeks ago" # commits das últimas 2 semanas
-$ git log v2.5.. Makefile       # commits desde v2.5 que modificam
-				# Makefile
--------------------------------------
-
-Você também pode dar ao 'git-log' um "intervalo" de commits onde o
-primeiro não é necessariamente um ancestral do segundo; por exemplo, se
-as pontas dos ramos "stable" e "master" divergiram de um commit
-comum algum tempo atrás, então
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git log stable..master
--------------------------------------
-
-irá listar os commits feitos no ramo "master" mas não no ramo
-"stable", enquanto
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git log master..stable
--------------------------------------
-
-irá listar a lista de commits feitos no ramo "stable" mas não no ramo
-"master".
-
-O comando 'git-log' tem uma fraqueza: ele precisa mostrar os commits em
-uma lista. Quando a história tem linhas de desenvolvimento que
-divergiram e então foram unificadas novamente, a ordem em que 'git-log'
-apresenta essas mudanças é irrelevante.
-
-A maioria dos projetos com múltiplos contribuidores (como o kernel
-Linux, ou o próprio git) tem unificações frequentes, e 'gitk' faz um
-trabalho melhor de visualizar sua história. Por exemplo,
-
--------------------------------------
-$ gitk --since="2 weeks ago" drivers/
--------------------------------------
-
-permite a você navegar em quaisquer commits desde as últimas duas semanas
-de commits que modificaram arquivos sob o diretório "drivers". (Nota:
-você pode ajustar as fontes do gitk segurando a tecla control enquanto
-pressiona "-" ou "+".)
-
-Finalmente, a maioria dos comandos que recebem nomes de arquivo permitirão
-também, opcionalmente, preceder qualquer nome de arquivo por um
-commit, para especificar uma versão particular do arquivo:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git diff v2.5:Makefile HEAD:Makefile.in
--------------------------------------
-
-Você pode usar 'git-show' para ver tal arquivo:
-
--------------------------------------
-$ git show v2.5:Makefile
--------------------------------------
-
-Próximos passos
-----------
-
-Este tutorial deve ser o bastante para operar controle de revisão
-distribuído básico para seus projetos. No entanto, para entender
-plenamente a profundidade e o poder do git você precisa entender duas
-idéias simples nas quais ele se baseia:
-
-  * A base de objetos é um sistema bem elegante usado para armazenar a
-    história de seu projeto--arquivos, diretórios, e commits.
-
-  * O arquivo de índice é um cache do estado de uma árvore de diretório,
-    usado para criar commits, restaurar diretórios de trabalho, e
-    armazenar as várias árvores envolvidas em uma unificação.
-
-A parte dois deste tutorial explica a base de objetos, o arquivo de
-índice, e algumas outras coisinhas que você vai precisar pra usar o
-máximo do git. Você pode encontrá-la em linkgit:gittutorial-2[7].
-
-Se você não quiser continuar com o tutorial agora nesse momento, algumas
-outras digressões que podem ser interessantes neste ponto são:
-
-  * linkgit:git-format-patch[1], linkgit:git-am[1]: Estes convertem
-    séries de commits em patches para email, e vice-versa, úteis para
-    projetos como o kernel Linux que dependem fortemente de patches
-    enviados por email.
-
-  * linkgit:git-bisect[1]: Quando há uma regressão em seu projeto, uma
-    forma de rastrear um bug é procurando pela história para encontrar o
-    commit culpado. Git bisect pode ajudar a executar uma busca binária
-    por esse commit. Ele é inteligente o bastante para executar uma
-    busca próxima da ótima mesmo no caso de uma história complexa
-    não-linear com muitos ramos unificados.
-
-  * link:everyday.html[GIT diariamente com 20 e tantos comandos]
-
-  * linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7]: Git para usuários de CVS.
-
-VEJA TAMBÉM
---------
-linkgit:gittutorial-2[7],
-linkgit:gitcvs-migration[7],
-linkgit:gitcore-tutorial[7],
-linkgit:gitglossary[7],
-linkgit:git-help[1],
-link:everyday.html[git diariamente],
-link:user-manual.html[O Manual do Usuário git]
-
-GIT
----
-Parte da suite linkgit:git[1].
diff --git a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
index 5dd6e5a..94a9d32 100644
--- a/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
+++ b/Documentation/pull-fetch-param.txt
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 
 <refspec>::
 	The format of a <refspec> parameter is an optional plus
-	`{plus}`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
+	`+`, followed by the source ref <src>, followed
 	by a colon `:`, followed by the destination ref <dst>.
 +
 The remote ref that matches <src>
diff --git a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
index 39e6207..1ec14a0 100644
--- a/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/rev-list-options.txt
@@ -3,12 +3,20 @@
 
 Besides specifying a range of commits that should be listed using the
 special notations explained in the description, additional commit
-limiting may be applied. Note that they are applied before commit
-ordering and formatting options, such as '--reverse'.
+limiting may be applied.
+
+Using more options generally further limits the output (e.g.
+`--since=<date1>` limits to commits newer than `<date1>`, and using it
+with `--grep=<pattern>` further limits to commits whose log message
+has a line that matches `<pattern>`), unless otherwise noted.
+
+Note that these are applied before commit
+ordering and formatting options, such as `--reverse`.
 
 --
 
--n 'number'::
+-<number>::
+-n <number>::
 --max-count=<number>::
 
 	Limit the number of commits to output.
@@ -38,22 +46,44 @@
 --committer=<pattern>::
 
 	Limit the commits output to ones with author/committer
-	header lines that match the specified pattern (regular expression).
+	header lines that match the specified pattern (regular
+	expression).  With more than one `--author=<pattern>`,
+	commits whose author matches any of the given patterns are
+	chosen (similarly for multiple `--committer=<pattern>`).
+
+--grep-reflog=<pattern>::
+
+	Limit the commits output to ones with reflog entries that
+	match the specified pattern (regular expression). With
+	more than one `--grep-reflog`, commits whose reflog message
+	matches any of the given patterns are chosen.  It is an
+	error to use this option unless `--walk-reflogs` is in use.
 
 --grep=<pattern>::
 
 	Limit the commits output to ones with log message that
-	matches the specified pattern (regular expression).
+	matches the specified pattern (regular expression).  With
+	more than one `--grep=<pattern>`, commits whose message
+	matches any of the given patterns are chosen (but see
+	`--all-match`).
++
+When `--show-notes` is in effect, the message from the notes as
+if it is part of the log message.
 
 --all-match::
 	Limit the commits output to ones that match all given --grep,
-	--author and --committer instead of ones that match at least one.
+	instead of ones that match at least one.
 
 -i::
 --regexp-ignore-case::
 
 	Match the regexp limiting patterns without regard to letters case.
 
+--basic-regexp::
+
+	Consider the limiting patterns to be basic regular expressions;
+	this is the default.
+
 -E::
 --extended-regexp::
 
@@ -66,6 +96,11 @@
 	Consider the limiting patterns to be fixed strings (don't interpret
 	pattern as a regular expression).
 
+--perl-regexp::
+
+	Consider the limiting patterns to be Perl-compatible regexp.
+	Requires libpcre to be compiled in.
+
 --remove-empty::
 
 	Stop when a given path disappears from the tree.
@@ -117,27 +152,27 @@
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/heads` are listed
 	on the command line as '<commit>'. If '<pattern>' is given, limit
 	branches to ones matching given shell glob. If pattern lacks '?',
-	'*', or '[', '/*' at the end is implied.
+	'{asterisk}', or '[', '/{asterisk}' at the end is implied.
 
 --tags[=<pattern>]::
 
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/tags` are listed
 	on the command line as '<commit>'. If '<pattern>' is given, limit
-	tags to ones matching given shell glob. If pattern lacks '?', '*',
-	or '[', '/*' at the end is implied.
+	tags to ones matching given shell glob. If pattern lacks '?', '{asterisk}',
+	or '[', '/{asterisk}' at the end is implied.
 
 --remotes[=<pattern>]::
 
 	Pretend as if all the refs in `refs/remotes` are listed
 	on the command line as '<commit>'. If '<pattern>' is given, limit
 	remote-tracking branches to ones matching given shell glob.
-	If pattern lacks '?', '*', or '[', '/*' at the end is implied.
+	If pattern lacks '?', '{asterisk}', or '[', '/{asterisk}' at the end is implied.
 
 --glob=<glob-pattern>::
 	Pretend as if all the refs matching shell glob '<glob-pattern>'
 	are listed on the command line as '<commit>'. Leading 'refs/',
-	is automatically prepended if missing. If pattern lacks '?', '*',
-	or '[', '/*' at the end is implied.
+	is automatically prepended if missing. If pattern lacks '?', '{asterisk}',
+	or '[', '/{asterisk}' at the end is implied.
 
 --ignore-missing::
 
@@ -198,7 +233,7 @@
 +
 For example, `--cherry-pick --right-only A...B` omits those
 commits from `B` which are in `A` or are patch-equivalent to a commit in
-`A`. In other words, this lists the `{plus}` commits from `git cherry A B`.
+`A`. In other words, this lists the `+` commits from `git cherry A B`.
 More precisely, `--cherry-pick --right-only --no-merges` gives the exact
 list.
 
@@ -455,7 +490,7 @@
 	  `---------'
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 +
-Note the major differences in `N` and `P` over '\--full-history':
+Note the major differences in `N` and `P` over '--full-history':
 +
 --
 * `N`'s parent list had `I` removed, because it is an ancestor of the
@@ -494,7 +529,7 @@
 When we want to find out what commits in `M` are contaminated with the
 bug introduced by `D` and need fixing, however, we might want to view
 only the subset of 'D..M' that are actually descendants of `D`, i.e.
-excluding `C` and `K`. This is exactly what the '\--ancestry-path'
+excluding `C` and `K`. This is exactly what the '--ancestry-path'
 option does. Applied to the 'D..M' range, it results in:
 +
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -578,16 +613,33 @@
 
 By default, the commits are shown in reverse chronological order.
 
---topo-order::
-
-	This option makes them appear in topological order (i.e.
-	descendant commits are shown before their parents).
-
 --date-order::
+	Show no parents before all of its children are shown, but
+	otherwise show commits in the commit timestamp order.
 
-	This option is similar to '--topo-order' in the sense that no
-	parent comes before all of its children, but otherwise things
-	are still ordered in the commit timestamp order.
+--topo-order::
+	Show no parents before all of its children are shown, and
+	avoid showing commits on multiple lines of history
+	intermixed.
++
+For example, in a commit history like this:
++
+----------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    ---1----2----4----7
+	\	       \
+	 3----5----6----8---
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------
++
+where the numbers denote the order of commit timestamps, `git
+rev-list` and friends with `--date-order` show the commits in the
+timestamp order: 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1.
++
+With `--topo-order`, they would show 8 6 5 3 7 4 2 1 (or 8 7 4 2 6 5
+3 1); some older commits are shown before newer ones in order to
+avoid showing the commits from two parallel development track mixed
+together.
 
 --reverse::
 
@@ -619,9 +671,14 @@
 	Only useful with '--objects'; print the object IDs that are not
 	in packs.
 
---no-walk::
+--no-walk[=(sorted|unsorted)]::
 
-	Only show the given revs, but do not traverse their ancestors.
+	Only show the given commits, but do not traverse their ancestors.
+	This has no effect if a range is specified. If the argument
+	"unsorted" is given, the commits are show in the order they were
+	given on the command line. Otherwise (if "sorted" or no argument
+	was given), the commits are show in reverse chronological order
+	by commit time.
 
 --do-walk::
 
@@ -759,7 +816,7 @@
 
 --cc::
 
-	This flag implies the '-c' options and further compresses the
+	This flag implies the '-c' option and further compresses the
 	patch output by omitting uninteresting hunks whose contents in
 	the parents have only two variants and the merge result picks
 	one of them without modification.
diff --git a/Documentation/revisions.txt b/Documentation/revisions.txt
index b290b61..991fcd8 100644
--- a/Documentation/revisions.txt
+++ b/Documentation/revisions.txt
@@ -24,22 +24,22 @@
   object referenced by 'refs/heads/master'.  If you
   happen to have both 'heads/master' and 'tags/master', you can
   explicitly say 'heads/master' to tell git which one you mean.
-  When ambiguous, a '<name>' is disambiguated by taking the
+  When ambiguous, a '<refname>' is disambiguated by taking the
   first match in the following rules:
 
-  . If '$GIT_DIR/<name>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
+  . If '$GIT_DIR/<refname>' exists, that is what you mean (this is usually
     useful only for 'HEAD', 'FETCH_HEAD', 'ORIG_HEAD', 'MERGE_HEAD'
     and 'CHERRY_PICK_HEAD');
 
-  . otherwise, 'refs/<name>' if it exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/<refname>' if it exists;
 
   . otherwise, 'refs/tags/<refname>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, 'refs/heads/<name>' if it exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/heads/<refname>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>' if it exists;
+  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<refname>' if it exists;
 
-  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD' if it exists.
+  . otherwise, 'refs/remotes/<refname>/HEAD' if it exists.
 +
 'HEAD' names the commit on which you based the changes in the working tree.
 'FETCH_HEAD' records the branch which you fetched from a remote repository
@@ -55,6 +55,8 @@
 +
 Note that any of the 'refs/*' cases above may come either from
 the '$GIT_DIR/refs' directory or from the '$GIT_DIR/packed-refs' file.
+While the ref name encoding is unspecified, UTF-8 is prefered as
+some output processing may assume ref names in UTF-8.
 
 '<refname>@\{<date>\}', e.g. 'master@\{yesterday\}', 'HEAD@\{5 minutes ago\}'::
   A ref followed by the suffix '@' with a date specification
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@
 
 '<rev>{tilde}<n>', e.g. 'master{tilde}3'::
   A suffix '{tilde}<n>' to a revision parameter means the commit
-  object that is the <n>th generation grand-parent of the named
+  object that is the <n>th generation ancestor of the named
   commit object, following only the first parents.  I.e. '<rev>{tilde}3' is
   equivalent to '<rev>{caret}{caret}{caret}' which is equivalent to
   '<rev>{caret}1{caret}1{caret}1'.  See below for an illustration of
@@ -213,18 +215,56 @@
 It is the set of commits that are reachable from either one of
 'r1' or 'r2' but not from both.
 
+In these two shorthands, you can omit one end and let it default to HEAD.
+For example, 'origin..' is a shorthand for 'origin..HEAD' and asks "What
+did I do since I forked from the origin branch?"  Similarly, '..origin'
+is a shorthand for 'HEAD..origin' and asks "What did the origin do since
+I forked from them?"  Note that '..' would mean 'HEAD..HEAD' which is an
+empty range that is both reachable and unreachable from HEAD.
+
 Two other shorthands for naming a set that is formed by a commit
 and its parent commits exist.  The 'r1{caret}@' notation means all
 parents of 'r1'.  'r1{caret}!' includes commit 'r1' but excludes
 all of its parents.
 
+To summarize:
+
+'<rev>'::
+	Include commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of)
+	<rev>.
+
+'{caret}<rev>'::
+	Exclude commits that are reachable from (i.e. ancestors of)
+	<rev>.
+
+'<rev1>..<rev2>'::
+	Include commits that are reachable from <rev2> but exclude
+	those that are reachable from <rev1>.
+
+'<rev1>\...<rev2>'::
+	Include commits that are reachable from either <rev1> or
+	<rev2> but exclude those that are reachable from both.
+
+'<rev>{caret}@', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}@'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' followed by an at sign is the same as listing
+  all parents of '<rev>' (meaning, include anything reachable from
+  its parents, but not the commit itself).
+
+'<rev>{caret}!', e.g. 'HEAD{caret}!'::
+  A suffix '{caret}' followed by an exclamation mark is the same
+  as giving commit '<rev>' and then all its parents prefixed with
+  '{caret}' to exclude them (and their ancestors).
+
 Here are a handful of examples:
 
    D                G H D
    D F              G H I J D F
    ^G D             H D
    ^D B             E I J F B
+   B..C             C
    B...C            G H D E B C
    ^D B C           E I J F B C
+   C                I J F C
    C^@              I J F
+   C^!              C
    F^! D            G H D F
diff --git a/Documentation/sequencer.txt b/Documentation/sequencer.txt
index 3e6df33..5747f44 100644
--- a/Documentation/sequencer.txt
+++ b/Documentation/sequencer.txt
@@ -1,9 +1,12 @@
---reset::
-	Forget about the current operation in progress.  Can be used
-	to clear the sequencer state after a failed cherry-pick or
-	revert.
-
 --continue::
 	Continue the operation in progress using the information in
 	'.git/sequencer'.  Can be used to continue after resolving
 	conflicts in a failed cherry-pick or revert.
+
+--quit::
+	Forget about the current operation in progress.  Can be used
+	to clear the sequencer state after a failed cherry-pick or
+	revert.
+
+--abort::
+	Cancel the operation and return to the pre-sequence state.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt
index 43dbe09..542946b 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-allocation-growing.txt
@@ -5,7 +5,9 @@
 
 Define your array with:
 
-* a pointer (`ary`) that points at the array, initialized to `NULL`;
+* a pointer (`item`) that points at the array, initialized to `NULL`
+  (although please name the variable based on its contents, not on its
+  type);
 
 * an integer variable (`alloc`) that keeps track of how big the current
   allocation is, initialized to `0`;
@@ -13,22 +15,22 @@
 * another integer variable (`nr`) to keep track of how many elements the
   array currently has, initialized to `0`.
 
-Then before adding `n`th element to the array, call `ALLOC_GROW(ary, n,
+Then before adding `n`th element to the item, call `ALLOC_GROW(item, n,
 alloc)`.  This ensures that the array can hold at least `n` elements by
 calling `realloc(3)` and adjusting `alloc` variable.
 
 ------------
-sometype *ary;
+sometype *item;
 size_t nr;
 size_t alloc
 
 for (i = 0; i < nr; i++)
-	if (we like ary[i] already)
+	if (we like item[i] already)
 		return;
 
 /* we did not like any existing one, so add one */
-ALLOC_GROW(ary, nr + 1, alloc);
-ary[nr++] = value you like;
+ALLOC_GROW(item, nr + 1, alloc);
+item[nr++] = value you like;
 ------------
 
 You are responsible for updating the `nr` variable.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
index 49b3d52..a959517 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-argv-array.txt
@@ -37,10 +37,27 @@
 `argv_array_push`::
 	Push a copy of a string onto the end of the array.
 
+`argv_array_pushl`::
+	Push a list of strings onto the end of the array. The arguments
+	should be a list of `const char *` strings, terminated by a NULL
+	argument.
+
 `argv_array_pushf`::
 	Format a string and push it onto the end of the array. This is a
 	convenience wrapper combining `strbuf_addf` and `argv_array_push`.
 
+`argv_array_pop`::
+	Remove the final element from the array. If there are no
+	elements in the array, do nothing.
+
 `argv_array_clear`::
 	Free all memory associated with the array and return it to the
 	initial, empty state.
+
+`argv_array_detach`::
+	Detach the argv array from the `struct argv_array`, transfering
+	ownership of the allocated array and strings.
+
+`argv_array_free_detached`::
+	Free the memory allocated by a `struct argv_array` that was later
+	detached and is now no longer needed.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..edf8dfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-config.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,140 @@
+config API
+==========
+
+The config API gives callers a way to access git configuration files
+(and files which have the same syntax). See linkgit:git-config[1] for a
+discussion of the config file syntax.
+
+General Usage
+-------------
+
+Config files are parsed linearly, and each variable found is passed to a
+caller-provided callback function. The callback function is responsible
+for any actions to be taken on the config option, and is free to ignore
+some options. It is not uncommon for the configuration to be parsed
+several times during the run of a git program, with different callbacks
+picking out different variables useful to themselves.
+
+A config callback function takes three parameters:
+
+- the name of the parsed variable. This is in canonical "flat" form: the
+  section, subsection, and variable segments will be separated by dots,
+  and the section and variable segments will be all lowercase. E.g.,
+  `core.ignorecase`, `diff.SomeType.textconv`.
+
+- the value of the found variable, as a string. If the variable had no
+  value specified, the value will be NULL (typically this means it
+  should be interpreted as boolean true).
+
+- a void pointer passed in by the caller of the config API; this can
+  contain callback-specific data
+
+A config callback should return 0 for success, or -1 if the variable
+could not be parsed properly.
+
+Basic Config Querying
+---------------------
+
+Most programs will simply want to look up variables in all config files
+that git knows about, using the normal precedence rules. To do this,
+call `git_config` with a callback function and void data pointer.
+
+`git_config` will read all config sources in order of increasing
+priority. Thus a callback should typically overwrite previously-seen
+entries with new ones (e.g., if both the user-wide `~/.gitconfig` and
+repo-specific `.git/config` contain `color.ui`, the config machinery
+will first feed the user-wide one to the callback, and then the
+repo-specific one; by overwriting, the higher-priority repo-specific
+value is left at the end).
+
+The `git_config_with_options` function lets the caller examine config
+while adjusting some of the default behavior of `git_config`. It should
+almost never be used by "regular" git code that is looking up
+configuration variables. It is intended for advanced callers like
+`git-config`, which are intentionally tweaking the normal config-lookup
+process. It takes two extra parameters:
+
+`filename`::
+If this parameter is non-NULL, it specifies the name of a file to
+parse for configuration, rather than looking in the usual files. Regular
+`git_config` defaults to `NULL`.
+
+`respect_includes`::
+Specify whether include directives should be followed in parsed files.
+Regular `git_config` defaults to `1`.
+
+There is a special version of `git_config` called `git_config_early`.
+This version takes an additional parameter to specify the repository
+config, instead of having it looked up via `git_path`. This is useful
+early in a git program before the repository has been found. Unless
+you're working with early setup code, you probably don't want to use
+this.
+
+Reading Specific Files
+----------------------
+
+To read a specific file in git-config format, use
+`git_config_from_file`. This takes the same callback and data parameters
+as `git_config`.
+
+Value Parsing Helpers
+---------------------
+
+To aid in parsing string values, the config API provides callbacks with
+a number of helper functions, including:
+
+`git_config_int`::
+Parse the string to an integer, including unit factors. Dies on error;
+otherwise, returns the parsed result.
+
+`git_config_ulong`::
+Identical to `git_config_int`, but for unsigned longs.
+
+`git_config_bool`::
+Parse a string into a boolean value, respecting keywords like "true" and
+"false". Integer values are converted into true/false values (when they
+are non-zero or zero, respectively). Other values cause a die(). If
+parsing is successful, the return value is the result.
+
+`git_config_bool_or_int`::
+Same as `git_config_bool`, except that integers are returned as-is, and
+an `is_bool` flag is unset.
+
+`git_config_maybe_bool`::
+Same as `git_config_bool`, except that it returns -1 on error rather
+than dying.
+
+`git_config_string`::
+Allocates and copies the value string into the `dest` parameter; if no
+string is given, prints an error message and returns -1.
+
+`git_config_pathname`::
+Similar to `git_config_string`, but expands `~` or `~user` into the
+user's home directory when found at the beginning of the path.
+
+Include Directives
+------------------
+
+By default, the config parser does not respect include directives.
+However, a caller can use the special `git_config_include` wrapper
+callback to support them. To do so, you simply wrap your "real" callback
+function and data pointer in a `struct config_include_data`, and pass
+the wrapper to the regular config-reading functions. For example:
+
+-------------------------------------------
+int read_file_with_include(const char *file, config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+	struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
+	inc.fn = fn;
+	inc.data = data;
+	return git_config_from_file(git_config_include, file, &inc);
+}
+-------------------------------------------
+
+`git_config` respects includes automatically. The lower-level
+`git_config_from_file` does not.
+
+Writing Config Files
+--------------------
+
+TODO
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5977b58
--- /dev/null
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-credentials.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+credentials API
+===============
+
+The credentials API provides an abstracted way of gathering username and
+password credentials from the user (even though credentials in the wider
+world can take many forms, in this document the word "credential" always
+refers to a username and password pair).
+
+This document describes two interfaces: the C API that the credential
+subsystem provides to the rest of git, and the protocol that git uses to
+communicate with system-specific "credential helpers". If you are
+writing git code that wants to look up or prompt for credentials, see
+the section "C API" below. If you want to write your own helper, see
+the section on "Credential Helpers" below.
+
+Typical setup
+-------------
+
+------------
++-----------------------+
+| git code (C)          |--- to server requiring --->
+|                       |        authentication
+|.......................|
+| C credential API      |--- prompt ---> User
++-----------------------+
+	^      |
+	| pipe |
+	|      v
++-----------------------+
+| git credential helper |
++-----------------------+
+------------
+
+The git code (typically a remote-helper) will call the C API to obtain
+credential data like a login/password pair (credential_fill). The
+API will itself call a remote helper (e.g. "git credential-cache" or
+"git credential-store") that may retrieve credential data from a
+store. If the credential helper cannot find the information, the C API
+will prompt the user. Then, the caller of the API takes care of
+contacting the server, and does the actual authentication.
+
+C API
+-----
+
+The credential C API is meant to be called by git code which needs to
+acquire or store a credential. It is centered around an object
+representing a single credential and provides three basic operations:
+fill (acquire credentials by calling helpers and/or prompting the user),
+approve (mark a credential as successfully used so that it can be stored
+for later use), and reject (mark a credential as unsuccessful so that it
+can be erased from any persistent storage).
+
+Data Structures
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+`struct credential`::
+
+	This struct represents a single username/password combination
+	along with any associated context. All string fields should be
+	heap-allocated (or NULL if they are not known or not applicable).
+	The meaning of the individual context fields is the same as
+	their counterparts in the helper protocol; see the section below
+	for a description of each field.
++
+The `helpers` member of the struct is a `string_list` of helpers.  Each
+string specifies an external helper which will be run, in order, to
+either acquire or store credentials. See the section on credential
+helpers below. This list is filled-in by the API functions
+according to the corresponding configuration variables before
+consulting helpers, so there usually is no need for a caller to
+modify the helpers field at all.
++
+This struct should always be initialized with `CREDENTIAL_INIT` or
+`credential_init`.
+
+
+Functions
+~~~~~~~~~
+
+`credential_init`::
+
+	Initialize a credential structure, setting all fields to empty.
+
+`credential_clear`::
+
+	Free any resources associated with the credential structure,
+	returning it to a pristine initialized state.
+
+`credential_fill`::
+
+	Instruct the credential subsystem to fill the username and
+	password fields of the passed credential struct by first
+	consulting helpers, then asking the user. After this function
+	returns, the username and password fields of the credential are
+	guaranteed to be non-NULL. If an error occurs, the function will
+	die().
+
+`credential_reject`::
+
+	Inform the credential subsystem that the provided credentials
+	have been rejected. This will cause the credential subsystem to
+	notify any helpers of the rejection (which allows them, for
+	example, to purge the invalid credentials from storage).  It
+	will also free() the username and password fields of the
+	credential and set them to NULL (readying the credential for
+	another call to `credential_fill`). Any errors from helpers are
+	ignored.
+
+`credential_approve`::
+
+	Inform the credential subsystem that the provided credentials
+	were successfully used for authentication.  This will cause the
+	credential subsystem to notify any helpers of the approval, so
+	that they may store the result to be used again.  Any errors
+	from helpers are ignored.
+
+`credential_from_url`::
+
+	Parse a URL into broken-down credential fields.
+
+Example
+~~~~~~~
+
+The example below shows how the functions of the credential API could be
+used to login to a fictitious "foo" service on a remote host:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+int foo_login(struct foo_connection *f)
+{
+	int status;
+	/*
+	 * Create a credential with some context; we don't yet know the
+	 * username or password.
+	 */
+
+	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+	c.protocol = xstrdup("foo");
+	c.host = xstrdup(f->hostname);
+
+	/*
+	 * Fill in the username and password fields by contacting
+	 * helpers and/or asking the user. The function will die if it
+	 * fails.
+	 */
+	credential_fill(&c);
+
+	/*
+	 * Otherwise, we have a username and password. Try to use it.
+	 */
+	status = send_foo_login(f, c.username, c.password);
+	switch (status) {
+	case FOO_OK:
+		/* It worked. Store the credential for later use. */
+		credential_accept(&c);
+		break;
+	case FOO_BAD_LOGIN:
+		/* Erase the credential from storage so we don't try it
+		 * again. */
+		credential_reject(&c);
+		break;
+	default:
+		/*
+		 * Some other error occured. We don't know if the
+		 * credential is good or bad, so report nothing to the
+		 * credential subsystem.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	/* Free any associated resources. */
+	credential_clear(&c);
+
+	return status;
+}
+-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+Credential Helpers
+------------------
+
+Credential helpers are programs executed by git to fetch or save
+credentials from and to long-term storage (where "long-term" is simply
+longer than a single git process; e.g., credentials may be stored
+in-memory for a few minutes, or indefinitely on disk).
+
+Each helper is specified by a single string in the configuration
+variable `credential.helper` (and others, see linkgit:git-config[1]).
+The string is transformed by git into a command to be executed using
+these rules:
+
+  1. If the helper string begins with "!", it is considered a shell
+     snippet, and everything after the "!" becomes the command.
+
+  2. Otherwise, if the helper string begins with an absolute path, the
+     verbatim helper string becomes the command.
+
+  3. Otherwise, the string "git credential-" is prepended to the helper
+     string, and the result becomes the command.
+
+The resulting command then has an "operation" argument appended to it
+(see below for details), and the result is executed by the shell.
+
+Here are some example specifications:
+
+----------------------------------------------------
+# run "git credential-foo"
+foo
+
+# same as above, but pass an argument to the helper
+foo --bar=baz
+
+# the arguments are parsed by the shell, so use shell
+# quoting if necessary
+foo --bar="whitespace arg"
+
+# you can also use an absolute path, which will not use the git wrapper
+/path/to/my/helper --with-arguments
+
+# or you can specify your own shell snippet
+!f() { echo "password=`cat $HOME/.secret`"; }; f
+----------------------------------------------------
+
+Generally speaking, rule (3) above is the simplest for users to specify.
+Authors of credential helpers should make an effort to assist their
+users by naming their program "git-credential-$NAME", and putting it in
+the $PATH or $GIT_EXEC_PATH during installation, which will allow a user
+to enable it with `git config credential.helper $NAME`.
+
+When a helper is executed, it will have one "operation" argument
+appended to its command line, which is one of:
+
+`get`::
+
+	Return a matching credential, if any exists.
+
+`store`::
+
+	Store the credential, if applicable to the helper.
+
+`erase`::
+
+	Remove a matching credential, if any, from the helper's storage.
+
+The details of the credential will be provided on the helper's stdin
+stream. The exact format is the same as the input/output format of the
+`git credential` plumbing command (see the section `INPUT/OUTPUT
+FORMAT` in linkgit:git-credential[7] for a detailed specification).
+
+For a `get` operation, the helper should produce a list of attributes
+on stdout in the same format. A helper is free to produce a subset, or
+even no values at all if it has nothing useful to provide. Any provided
+attributes will overwrite those already known about by git.
+
+For a `store` or `erase` operation, the helper's output is ignored.
+If it fails to perform the requested operation, it may complain to
+stderr to inform the user. If it does not support the requested
+operation (e.g., a read-only store), it should silently ignore the
+request.
+
+If a helper receives any other operation, it should silently ignore the
+request. This leaves room for future operations to be added (older
+helpers will just ignore the new requests).
+
+See also
+--------
+
+linkgit:gitcredentials[7]
+
+linkgit:git-config[5] (See configuration variables `credential.*`)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
index add6f43..9d3e352 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
@@ -9,37 +9,40 @@
 --------------
 
 `struct dir_struct` structure is used to pass directory traversal
-options to the library and to record the paths discovered.  The notable
-options are:
+options to the library and to record the paths discovered.  A single
+`struct dir_struct` is used regardless of whether or not the traversal
+recursively descends into subdirectories.
+
+The notable options are:
 
 `exclude_per_dir`::
 
 	The name of the file to be read in each directory for excluded
 	files (typically `.gitignore`).
 
-`collect_ignored`::
+`flags`::
 
-	Include paths that are to be excluded in the result.
+	A bit-field of options:
 
-`show_ignored`::
+`DIR_SHOW_IGNORED`:::
 
 	The traversal is for finding just ignored files, not unignored
 	files.
 
-`show_other_directories`::
+`DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES`:::
 
 	Include a directory that is not tracked.
 
-`hide_empty_directories`::
+`DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES`:::
 
 	Do not include a directory that is not tracked and is empty.
 
-`no_gitlinks`::
+`DIR_NO_GITLINKS`:::
 
 	If set, recurse into a directory that looks like a git
 	directory.  Otherwise it is shown as a directory.
 
-The result of the enumeration is left in these fields::
+The result of the enumeration is left in these fields:
 
 `entries[]`::
 
@@ -64,11 +67,13 @@
 * Prepare `struct dir_struct dir` and clear it with `memset(&dir, 0,
   sizeof(dir))`.
 
-* Call `add_exclude()` to add single exclude pattern,
-  `add_excludes_from_file()` to add patterns from a file
-  (e.g. `.git/info/exclude`), and/or set `dir.exclude_per_dir`.  A
-  short-hand function `setup_standard_excludes()` can be used to set up
-  the standard set of exclude settings.
+* To add single exclude pattern, call `add_exclude_list()` and then
+  `add_exclude()`.
+
+* To add patterns from a file (e.g. `.git/info/exclude`), call
+  `add_excludes_from_file()` , and/or set `dir.exclude_per_dir`.  A
+  short-hand function `setup_standard_excludes()` can be used to set
+  up the standard set of exclude settings.
 
 * Set options described in the Data Structure section above.
 
@@ -76,4 +81,6 @@
 
 * Use `dir.entries[]`.
 
+* Call `clear_directory()` when none of the contained elements are no longer in use.
+
 (JC)
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
index d6fc90a..18142b6 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-history-graph.txt
@@ -33,11 +33,11 @@
 They can all be called with a NULL graph argument, in which case no graph
 output will be printed.
 
-* `graph_show_commit()` calls `graph_next_line()` until it returns non-zero.
-  This prints all graph lines up to, and including, the line containing this
-  commit.  Output is printed to stdout.  The last line printed does not contain
-  a terminating newline.  This should not be called if the commit line has
-  already been printed, or it will loop forever.
+* `graph_show_commit()` calls `graph_next_line()` and
+  `graph_is_commit_finished()` until one of them return non-zero.  This prints
+  all graph lines up to, and including, the line containing this commit.
+  Output is printed to stdout.  The last line printed does not contain a
+  terminating newline.
 
 * `graph_show_oneline()` calls `graph_next_line()` and prints the result to
   stdout.  The line printed does not contain a terminating newline.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
index af7cc2e..730cfac 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-index-skel.txt
@@ -11,5 +11,3 @@
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
 // table of contents end
 ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////////
-
-2007-11-24
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
index 4b92514..3062389 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-parse-options.txt
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 * There are basically two forms of options:
   'Short options' consist of one dash (`-`) and one alphanumeric
   character.
-  'Long options' begin with two dashes (`\--`) and some
+  'Long options' begin with two dashes (`--`) and some
   alphanumeric characters.
 
 * Options are case-sensitive.
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 
 * 'sticked' and 'separate form' of options with arguments.
   `-oArg` is sticked, `-o Arg` is separate form.
-  `\--option=Arg` is sticked, `\--option Arg` is separate form.
+  `--option=Arg` is sticked, `--option Arg` is separate form.
 
 * Long options may be 'abbreviated', as long as the abbreviation
   is unambiguous.
@@ -39,11 +39,12 @@
 * Short options may be bundled, e.g. `-a -b` can be specified as `-ab`.
 
 * Boolean long options can be 'negated' (or 'unset') by prepending
-  `no-`, e.g. `\--no-abbrev` instead of `\--abbrev`.
+  `no-`, e.g. `--no-abbrev` instead of `--abbrev`. Conversely,
+  options that begin with `no-` can be 'negated' by removing it.
 
-* Options and non-option arguments can clearly be separated using the `\--`
-  option, e.g. `-a -b \--option \-- \--this-is-a-file` indicates that
-  `\--this-is-a-file` must not be processed as an option.
+* Options and non-option arguments can clearly be separated using the `--`
+  option, e.g. `-a -b --option -- --this-is-a-file` indicates that
+  `--this-is-a-file` must not be processed as an option.
 
 Steps to parse options
 ----------------------
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@
 Flags are the bitwise-or of:
 
 `PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH`::
-	Keep the `\--` that usually separates options from
+	Keep the `--` that usually separates options from
 	non-option arguments.
 
 `PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION`::
@@ -113,22 +114,22 @@
 There are some macros to easily define options:
 
 `OPT__ABBREV(&int_var)`::
-	Add `\--abbrev[=<n>]`.
+	Add `--abbrev[=<n>]`.
 
 `OPT__COLOR(&int_var, description)`::
-	Add `\--color[=<when>]` and `--no-color`.
+	Add `--color[=<when>]` and `--no-color`.
 
 `OPT__DRY_RUN(&int_var, description)`::
-	Add `-n, \--dry-run`.
+	Add `-n, --dry-run`.
 
 `OPT__FORCE(&int_var, description)`::
-	Add `-f, \--force`.
+	Add `-f, --force`.
 
 `OPT__QUIET(&int_var, description)`::
-	Add `-q, \--quiet`.
+	Add `-q, --quiet`.
 
 `OPT__VERBOSE(&int_var, description)`::
-	Add `-v, \--verbose`.
+	Add `-v, --verbose`.
 
 `OPT_GROUP(description)`::
 	Start an option group. `description` is a short string that
@@ -215,10 +216,10 @@
 If not stated otherwise, interpret the arguments as follows:
 
 * `short` is a character for the short option
-  (e.g. `{apostrophe}e{apostrophe}` for `-e`, use `0` to omit),
+  (e.g. `'e'` for `-e`, use `0` to omit),
 
 * `long` is a string for the long option
-  (e.g. `"example"` for `\--example`, use `NULL` to omit),
+  (e.g. `"example"` for `--example`, use `NULL` to omit),
 
 * `int_var` is an integer variable,
 
@@ -242,10 +243,10 @@
 The callback mechanism is as follows:
 
 * Inside `func`, the only interesting member of the structure
-  given by `opt` is the void pointer `opt\->value`.
-  `\*opt\->value` will be the value that is saved into `var`, if you
+  given by `opt` is the void pointer `opt->value`.
+  `*opt->value` will be the value that is saved into `var`, if you
   use `OPT_CALLBACK()`.
-  For example, do `*(unsigned long *)opt\->value = 42;` to get 42
+  For example, do `*(unsigned long *)opt->value = 42;` to get 42
   into an `unsigned long` variable.
 
 * Return value `0` indicates success and non-zero return
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt
index 996da05..b7d0d9a 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-revision-walking.txt
@@ -56,6 +56,11 @@
 	returning a `struct commit *` each time you call it. The end of the
 	revision list is indicated by returning a NULL pointer.
 
+`reset_revision_walk`::
+
+	Reset the flags used by the revision walking api. You can use
+	this to do multiple sequencial revision walks.
+
 Data structures
 ---------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
index f18b4f4..5d7d7f2 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-run-command.txt
@@ -55,10 +55,8 @@
   non-zero.
 
 . If the program terminated due to a signal, then the return value is the
-  signal number - 128, ie. it is negative and so indicates an unusual
-  condition; a diagnostic is printed. This return value can be passed to
-  exit(2), which will report the same code to the parent process that a
-  POSIX shell's $? would report for a program that died from the signal.
+  signal number + 128, ie. the same value that a POSIX shell's $? would
+  report.  A diagnostic is printed.
 
 
 `start_async`::
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
index 4a4bae8..45d1c51 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-sha1-array.txt
@@ -25,9 +25,6 @@
 	the array (but note that some operations below may lose this
 	ordering).
 
-`sha1_array_sort`::
-	Sort the elements in the array.
-
 `sha1_array_lookup`::
 	Perform a binary search of the array for a specific sha1.
 	If found, returns the offset (in number of elements) of the
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
index afe2759..2c59cb2 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-strbuf.txt
@@ -156,6 +156,11 @@
 	Remove the bytes between `pos..pos+len` and replace it with the given
 	data.
 
+`strbuf_add_commented_lines`::
+
+	Add a NUL-terminated string to the buffer. Each line will be prepended
+	by a comment character and a blank.
+
 `strbuf_add`::
 
 	Add data of given length to the buffer.
@@ -229,6 +234,11 @@
 
 	Add a formatted string to the buffer.
 
+`strbuf_commented_addf`::
+
+	Add a formatted string prepended by a comment character and a
+	blank to the buffer.
+
 `strbuf_fread`::
 
 	Read a given size of data from a FILE* pointer to the buffer.
@@ -255,14 +265,46 @@
 
 `strbuf_getline`::
 
-	Read a line from a FILE* pointer. The second argument specifies the line
+	Read a line from a FILE *, overwriting the existing contents
+	of the strbuf. The second argument specifies the line
 	terminator character, typically `'\n'`.
+	Reading stops after the terminator or at EOF.  The terminator
+	is removed from the buffer before returning.  Returns 0 unless
+	there was nothing left before EOF, in which case it returns `EOF`.
+
+`strbuf_getwholeline`::
+
+	Like `strbuf_getline`, but keeps the trailing terminator (if
+	any) in the buffer.
+
+`strbuf_getwholeline_fd`::
+
+	Like `strbuf_getwholeline`, but operates on a file descriptor.
+	It reads one character at a time, so it is very slow.  Do not
+	use it unless you need the correct position in the file
+	descriptor.
 
 `stripspace`::
 
 	Strip whitespace from a buffer. The second parameter controls if
 	comments are considered contents to be removed or not.
 
+`strbuf_split_buf`::
+`strbuf_split_str`::
+`strbuf_split_max`::
+`strbuf_split`::
+
+	Split a string or strbuf into a list of strbufs at a specified
+	terminator character.  The returned substrings include the
+	terminator characters.  Some of these functions take a `max`
+	parameter, which, if positive, limits the output to that
+	number of substrings.
+
+`strbuf_list_free`::
+
+	Free a list of strbufs (for example, the return values of the
+	`strbuf_split()` functions).
+
 `launch_editor`::
 
 	Launch the user preferred editor to edit a file and fill the buffer
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt b/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
index ce24eb9..20be348 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/api-string-list.txt
@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 string-list API
 ===============
 
-The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle sorted
-and unsorted string lists.
+The string_list API offers a data structure and functions to handle
+sorted and unsorted string lists.  A "sorted" list is one whose
+entries are sorted by string value in `strcmp()` order.
 
 The 'string_list' struct used to be called 'path_list', but was renamed
 because it is not specific to paths.
@@ -20,8 +21,9 @@
 member (you need this if you add things later) and you should set the
 `nr` and `alloc` members in that case, too.
 
-. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append` or
-  `string_list_insert`.
+. Adds new items to the list, using `string_list_append`,
+  `string_list_append_nodup`, `string_list_insert`,
+  `string_list_split`, and/or `string_list_split_in_place`.
 
 . Can check if a string is in the list using `string_list_has_string` or
   `unsorted_string_list_has_string` and get it from the list using
@@ -29,18 +31,24 @@
 
 . Can sort an unsorted list using `sort_string_list`.
 
+. Can remove duplicate items from a sorted list using
+  `string_list_remove_duplicates`.
+
 . Can remove individual items of an unsorted list using
   `unsorted_string_list_delete_item`.
 
+. Can remove items not matching a criterion from a sorted or unsorted
+  list using `filter_string_list`, or remove empty strings using
+  `string_list_remove_empty_items`.
+
 . Finally it should free the list using `string_list_clear`.
 
 Example:
 
 ----
-struct string_list list;
+struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 int i;
 
-memset(&list, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
 string_list_append(&list, "foo");
 string_list_append(&list, "bar");
 for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++)
@@ -60,6 +68,20 @@
 
 * General ones (works with sorted and unsorted lists as well)
 
+`filter_string_list`::
+
+	Apply a function to each item in a list, retaining only the
+	items for which the function returns true.  If free_util is
+	true, call free() on the util members of any items that have
+	to be deleted.  Preserve the order of the items that are
+	retained.
+
+`string_list_remove_empty_items`::
+
+	Remove any empty strings from the list.  If free_util is true,
+	call free() on the util members of any items that have to be
+	deleted.  Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
+
 `print_string_list`::
 
 	Dump a string_list to stdout, useful mainly for debugging purposes. It
@@ -83,7 +105,9 @@
 
 	Insert a new element to the string_list. The returned pointer can be
 	handy if you want to write something to the `util` pointer of the
-	string_list_item containing the just added string.
+	string_list_item containing the just added string. If the given
+	string already exists the insertion will be skipped and the
+	pointer to the existing item returned.
 +
 Since this function uses xrealloc() (which die()s if it fails) if the
 list needs to grow, it is safe not to check the pointer. I.e. you may
@@ -94,15 +118,32 @@
 	Look up a given string in the string_list, returning the containing
 	string_list_item. If the string is not found, NULL is returned.
 
+`string_list_remove_duplicates`::
+
+	Remove all but the first of consecutive entries that have the
+	same string value.  If free_util is true, call free() on the
+	util members of any items that have to be deleted.
+
 * Functions for unsorted lists only
 
 `string_list_append`::
 
-	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.
+	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.  If
+	`strdup_string` is set, then the string argument is copied;
+	otherwise the new `string_list_entry` refers to the input
+	string.
+
+`string_list_append_nodup`::
+
+	Append a new string to the end of the string_list.  The new
+	`string_list_entry` always refers to the input string, even if
+	`strdup_string` is set.  This function can be used to hand
+	ownership of a malloc()ed string to a `string_list` that has
+	`strdup_string` set.
 
 `sort_string_list`::
 
-	Make an unsorted list sorted.
+	Sort the list's entries by string value in `strcmp()` order.
 
 `unsorted_string_list_has_string`::
 
@@ -122,6 +163,25 @@
 	is set. The third parameter controls if the `util` pointer of the
 	items should be freed or not.
 
+`string_list_split`::
+`string_list_split_in_place`::
+
+	Split a string into substrings on a delimiter character and
+	append the substrings to a `string_list`.  If `maxsplit` is
+	non-negative, then split at most `maxsplit` times.  Return the
+	number of substrings appended to the list.
++
+`string_list_split` requires a `string_list` that has `strdup_strings`
+set to true; it leaves the input string untouched and makes copies of
+the substrings in newly-allocated memory.
+`string_list_split_in_place` requires a `string_list` that has
+`strdup_strings` set to false; it splits the input string in place,
+overwriting the delimiter characters with NULs and creating new
+string_list_items that point into the original string (the original
+string must therefore not be modified or freed while the `string_list`
+is in use).
+
+
 Data structures
 ---------------
 
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
index 8930b3f..7324154 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/index-format.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 GIT index format
 ================
 
-= The git index file has the following format
+== The git index file has the following format
 
   All binary numbers are in network byte order. Version 2 is described
   here unless stated otherwise.
@@ -113,9 +113,22 @@
     are encoded in 7-bit ASCII and the encoding cannot contain a NUL
     byte (iow, this is a UNIX pathname).
 
+  (Version 4) In version 4, the entry path name is prefix-compressed
+    relative to the path name for the previous entry (the very first
+    entry is encoded as if the path name for the previous entry is an
+    empty string).  At the beginning of an entry, an integer N in the
+    variable width encoding (the same encoding as the offset is encoded
+    for OFS_DELTA pack entries; see pack-format.txt) is stored, followed
+    by a NUL-terminated string S.  Removing N bytes from the end of the
+    path name for the previous entry, and replacing it with the string S
+    yields the path name for this entry.
+
   1-8 nul bytes as necessary to pad the entry to a multiple of eight bytes
   while keeping the name NUL-terminated.
 
+  (Version 4) In version 4, the padding after the pathname does not
+  exist.
+
 == Extensions
 
 === Cached tree
@@ -148,8 +161,9 @@
     this span of index as a tree.
 
   An entry can be in an invalidated state and is represented by having
-  -1 in the entry_count field. In this case, there is no object name
-  and the next entry starts immediately after the newline.
+  a negative number in the entry_count field. In this case, there is no
+  object name and the next entry starts immediately after the newline.
+  When writing an invalid entry, -1 should always be used as entry_count.
 
   The entries are written out in the top-down, depth-first order.  The
   first entry represents the root level of the repository, followed by the
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
index 1803e64..a7871fb 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-format.txt
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 GIT pack format
 ===============
 
-= pack-*.pack files have the following format:
+== pack-*.pack files have the following format:
 
    - A header appears at the beginning and consists of the following:
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 
   - The trailer records 20-byte SHA1 checksum of all of the above.
 
-= Original (version 1) pack-*.idx files have the following format:
+== Original (version 1) pack-*.idx files have the following format:
 
   - The header consists of 256 4-byte network byte order
     integers.  N-th entry of this table records the number of
@@ -123,8 +123,8 @@
 
 
 
-= Version 2 pack-*.idx files support packs larger than 4 GiB, and
-  have some other reorganizations.  They have the format:
+== Version 2 pack-*.idx files support packs larger than 4 GiB, and
+   have some other reorganizations.  They have the format:
 
   - A 4-byte magic number '\377tOc' which is an unreasonable
     fanout[0] value.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
index 546980c..f1a51ed 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/pack-protocol.txt
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 - The repository path is always quoted with single quotes.
 
 Fetching Data From a Server
-===========================
+---------------------------
 
 When one Git repository wants to get data that a second repository
 has, the first can 'fetch' from the second.  This operation determines
@@ -134,7 +134,8 @@
 
    $ echo -e -n "0039git-upload-pack /schacon/gitbook.git\0host=example.com\0" |
       nc -v example.com 9418
-   00887217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 HEAD\0multi_ack thin-pack side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress include-tag
+   00887217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 HEAD\0multi_ack thin-pack
+		side-band side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress include-tag
    00441d3fcd5ced445d1abc402225c0b8a1299641f497 refs/heads/integration
    003f7217a7c7e582c46cec22a130adf4b9d7d950fba0 refs/heads/master
    003cb88d2441cac0977faf98efc80305012112238d9d refs/tags/v0.9
@@ -259,8 +260,10 @@
 ----
 
 If the client has requested a positive depth, the server will compute
-the set of commits which are no deeper than the desired depth, starting
-at the client's wants. The server writes 'shallow' lines for each
+the set of commits which are no deeper than the desired depth. The set
+of commits start at the client's wants.
+
+The server writes 'shallow' lines for each
 commit whose parents will not be sent as a result. The server writes
 an 'unshallow' line for each commit which the client has indicated is
 shallow, but is no longer shallow at the currently requested depth
@@ -351,7 +354,7 @@
 A simple clone may look like this (with no 'have' lines):
 
 ----
-   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\0multi_ack \
+   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d multi_ack \
      side-band-64k ofs-delta\n
    C: 0032want 7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe\n
    C: 0032want 5a3f6be755bbb7deae50065988cbfa1ffa9ab68a\n
@@ -367,7 +370,7 @@
 An incremental update (fetch) response might look like this:
 
 ----
-   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d\0multi_ack \
+   C: 0054want 74730d410fcb6603ace96f1dc55ea6196122532d multi_ack \
      side-band-64k ofs-delta\n
    C: 0032want 7d1665144a3a975c05f1f43902ddaf084e784dbe\n
    C: 0032want 5a3f6be755bbb7deae50065988cbfa1ffa9ab68a\n
@@ -419,7 +422,7 @@
 
 
 Pushing Data To a Server
-========================
+------------------------
 
 Pushing data to a server will invoke the 'receive-pack' process on the
 server, which will allow the client to tell it which references it should
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
index d30a1b9..fb7ff08 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/protocol-common.txt
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@
 
 . They cannot have ASCII control characters (i.e. bytes whose
   values are lower than \040, or \177 `DEL`), space, tilde `~`,
-  caret `{caret}`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
+  caret `^`, colon `:`, question-mark `?`, asterisk `*`,
   or open bracket `[` anywhere.
 
 . They cannot end with a slash `/` nor a dot `.`.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/send-pack-pipeline.txt b/Documentation/technical/send-pack-pipeline.txt
index 681efe4..9b5a0bc 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/send-pack-pipeline.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/send-pack-pipeline.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
-git-send-pack
-=============
+Git-send-pack internals
+=======================
 
 Overall operation
 -----------------
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
index 559263a..ea2f69f 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/shallow.txt
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
-Def.: Shallow commits do have parents, but not in the shallow
+Shallow commits
+===============
+
+.Definition
+*********************************************************
+Shallow commits do have parents, but not in the shallow
 repo, and therefore grafts are introduced pretending that
 these commits have no parents.
+*********************************************************
 
 The basic idea is to write the SHA1s of shallow commits into
 $GIT_DIR/shallow, and handle its contents like the contents
@@ -47,3 +53,6 @@
 You can deepen a shallow repository with "git-fetch --depth 20
 repo branch", which will fetch branch from repo, but stop at depth
 20, updating $GIT_DIR/shallow.
+
+The special depth 2147483647 (or 0x7fffffff, the largest positive
+number a signed 32-bit integer can contain) means infinite depth.
diff --git a/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt b/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
index 24c8410..c79d4a7 100644
--- a/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
+++ b/Documentation/technical/trivial-merge.txt
@@ -74,24 +74,24 @@
 only one ancestor or remote fits; a '^' means all of the ancestors
 must be the same.
 
-case  ancest    head    remote    result
-----------------------------------------
-1     (empty)+  (empty) (empty)   (empty)
-2ALT  (empty)+  *empty* remote    remote
-2     (empty)^  (empty) remote    no merge
-3ALT  (empty)+  head    *empty*   head
-3     (empty)^  head    (empty)   no merge
-4     (empty)^  head    remote    no merge
-5ALT  *         head    head      head
-6     ancest+   (empty) (empty)   no merge
-8     ancest^   (empty) ancest    no merge
-7     ancest+   (empty) remote    no merge
-10    ancest^   ancest  (empty)   no merge
-9     ancest+   head    (empty)   no merge
-16    anc1/anc2 anc1    anc2      no merge
-13    ancest+   head    ancest    head
-14    ancest+   ancest  remote    remote
-11    ancest+   head    remote    no merge
+ case  ancest    head    remote    result
+ ----------------------------------------
+ 1     (empty)+  (empty) (empty)   (empty)
+ 2ALT  (empty)+  *empty* remote    remote
+ 2     (empty)^  (empty) remote    no merge
+ 3ALT  (empty)+  head    *empty*   head
+ 3     (empty)^  head    (empty)   no merge
+ 4     (empty)^  head    remote    no merge
+ 5ALT  *         head    head      head
+ 6     ancest+   (empty) (empty)   no merge
+ 8     ancest^   (empty) ancest    no merge
+ 7     ancest+   (empty) remote    no merge
+ 10    ancest^   ancest  (empty)   no merge
+ 9     ancest+   head    (empty)   no merge
+ 16    anc1/anc2 anc1    anc2      no merge
+ 13    ancest+   head    ancest    head
+ 14    ancest+   ancest  remote    remote
+ 11    ancest+   head    remote    no merge
 
 Only #2ALT and #3ALT use *empty*, because these are the only cases
 where there can be conflicts that didn't exist before. Note that we
diff --git a/Documentation/urls.txt b/Documentation/urls.txt
index 2890194..1d15ee7 100644
--- a/Documentation/urls.txt
+++ b/Documentation/urls.txt
@@ -6,8 +6,12 @@
 Depending on the transport protocol, some of this information may be
 absent.
 
-Git natively supports ssh, git, http, https, ftp, ftps, and rsync
-protocols. The following syntaxes may be used with them:
+Git supports ssh, git, http, and https protocols (in addition, ftp,
+and ftps can be used for fetching and rsync can be used for fetching
+and pushing, but these are inefficient and deprecated; do not use
+them).
+
+The following syntaxes may be used with them:
 
 - ssh://{startsb}user@{endsb}host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
 - git://host.xz{startsb}:port{endsb}/path/to/repo.git/
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.conf b/Documentation/user-manual.conf
index 339b309..d87294d 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.conf
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.conf
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 # "unbreak" docbook-xsl v1.68 for manpages. v1.69 works with or without this.
 [listingblock]
 <example><title>{title}</title>
-<literallayout>
+<literallayout class="monospaced">
 |
 </literallayout>
 {title#}</example>
diff --git a/Documentation/user-manual.txt b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
index f13a846..1b377dc 100644
--- a/Documentation/user-manual.txt
+++ b/Documentation/user-manual.txt
@@ -1136,9 +1136,12 @@
 Though not required, it's a good idea to begin the commit message
 with a single short (less than 50 character) line summarizing the
 change, followed by a blank line and then a more thorough
-description.  Tools that turn commits into email, for example, use
-the first line on the Subject line and the rest of the commit in the
-body.
+description.  The text up to the first blank line in a commit
+message is treated as the commit title, and that title is used
+throughout git.  For example, linkgit:git-format-patch[1] turns a
+commit into email, and it uses the title on the Subject line and the
+rest of the commit in the body.
+
 
 [[ignoring-files]]
 Ignoring files
@@ -1582,7 +1585,7 @@
 
 The linkgit:git-fsck[1] command runs a number of self-consistency checks
 on the repository, and reports on any problems.  This may take some
-time.  The most common warning by far is about "dangling" objects:
+time.
 
 -------------------------------------------------
 $ git fsck
@@ -1597,9 +1600,11 @@
 ...
 -------------------------------------------------
 
-Dangling objects are not a problem.  At worst they may take up a little
-extra disk space.  They can sometimes provide a last-resort method for
-recovering lost work--see <<dangling-objects>> for details.
+You will see informational messages on dangling objects. They are objects
+that still exist in the repository but are no longer referenced by any of
+your branches, and can (and will) be removed after a while with "gc".
+You can run `git fsck --no-dangling` to suppress these messages, and still
+view real errors.
 
 [[recovering-lost-changes]]
 Recovering lost changes
@@ -1609,7 +1614,7 @@
 Reflogs
 ^^^^^^^
 
-Say you modify a branch with `linkgit:git-reset[1] --hard`, and then
+Say you modify a branch with +linkgit:git-reset[1] \--hard+, and then
 realize that the branch was the only reference you had to that point in
 history.
 
@@ -1782,6 +1787,13 @@
 will produce a numbered series of files in the current directory, one
 for each patch in the current branch but not in origin/HEAD.
 
+`git format-patch` can include an initial "cover letter". You can insert
+commentary on individual patches after the three dash line which
+`format-patch` places after the commit message but before the patch
+itself.  If you use `git notes` to track your cover letter material,
+`git format-patch --notes` will include the commit's notes in a similar
+manner.
+
 You can then import these into your mail client and send them by
 hand.  However, if you have a lot to send at once, you may prefer to
 use the linkgit:git-send-email[1] script to automate the process.
@@ -2868,7 +2880,7 @@
 You can also add a "+" to force the update each time:
 
 -------------------------------------------------
-$ git config remote.example.fetch +master:ref/remotes/example/master
+$ git config remote.example.fetch +master:refs/remotes/example/master
 -------------------------------------------------
 
 Don't do this unless you're sure you won't mind "git fetch" possibly
@@ -2964,7 +2976,7 @@
 
 - a tree: The SHA-1 name of a tree object (as defined below), representing
   the contents of a directory at a certain point in time.
-- parent(s): The SHA-1 name of some number of commits which represent the
+- parent(s): The SHA-1 name(s) of some number of commits which represent the
   immediately previous step(s) in the history of the project.  The
   example above has one parent; merge commits may have more than
   one.  A commit with no parents is called a "root" commit, and
@@ -3295,15 +3307,12 @@
 Assume the output looks like this:
 
 ------------------------------------------------
-$ git fsck --full
+$ git fsck --full --no-dangling
 broken link from    tree 2d9263c6d23595e7cb2a21e5ebbb53655278dff8
               to    blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
 missing blob 4b9458b3786228369c63936db65827de3cc06200
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-(Typically there will be some "dangling object" messages too, but they
-aren't interesting.)
-
 Now you know that blob 4b9458b3 is missing, and that the tree 2d9263c6
 points to it.  If you could find just one copy of that missing blob
 object, possibly in some other repository, you could move it into
@@ -3364,8 +3373,8 @@
 :100644 100644 oldsha... 4b9458b... M somedirectory/myfile
 ------------------------------------------------
 
-This tells you that the immediately preceding version of the file was
-"newsha", and that the immediately following version was "oldsha".
+This tells you that the immediately following version of the file was
+"newsha", and that the immediately preceding version was "oldsha".
 You also know the commit messages that went with the change from oldsha
 to 4b9458b and with the change from 4b9458b to newsha.
 
@@ -4036,8 +4045,8 @@
 Each line of the `git ls-files --unmerged` output begins with
 the blob mode bits, blob SHA-1, 'stage number', and the
 filename.  The 'stage number' is git's way to say which tree it
-came from: stage 1 corresponds to `$orig` tree, stage 2 `HEAD`
-tree, and stage3 `$target` tree.
+came from: stage 1 corresponds to the `$orig` tree, stage 2 to
+the `HEAD` tree, and stage 3 to the `$target` tree.
 
 Earlier we said that trivial merges are done inside
 `git read-tree -m`.  For example, if the file did not change
@@ -4208,7 +4217,7 @@
 
 If you are interested in more details of the revision walking process,
 just have a look at the first implementation of `cmd_log()`; call
-`git show v1.3.0{tilde}155^2{tilde}4` and scroll down to that function (note that you
+`git show v1.3.0~155^2~4` and scroll down to that function (note that you
 no longer need to call `setup_pager()` directly).
 
 Nowadays, `git log` is a builtin, which means that it is _contained_ in the
@@ -4271,9 +4280,9 @@
   negative numbers in case of different errors--and 0 on success.
 
 - the variable `sha1` in the function signature of `get_sha1()` is `unsigned
-  char {asterisk}`, but is actually expected to be a pointer to `unsigned
+  char *`, but is actually expected to be a pointer to `unsigned
   char[20]`.  This variable will contain the 160-bit SHA-1 of the given
-  commit.  Note that whenever a SHA-1 is passed as `unsigned char {asterisk}`, it
+  commit.  Note that whenever a SHA-1 is passed as `unsigned char *`, it
   is the binary representation, as opposed to the ASCII representation in
   hex characters, which is passed as `char *`.
 
diff --git a/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 19a142a..e9f7abc 100755
--- a/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=v1.7.7.GIT
+DEF_VER=v1.8.1.GIT
 
 LF='
 '
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 then
 	VN=$(cat version) || VN="$DEF_VER"
 elif test -d .git -o -f .git &&
-	VN=$(git describe --match "v[0-9]*" --abbrev=4 HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
+	VN=$(git describe --match "v[0-9]*" --abbrev=7 HEAD 2>/dev/null) &&
 	case "$VN" in
 	*$LF*) (exit 1) ;;
 	v[0-9]*)
diff --git a/INSTALL b/INSTALL
index bbb9d4d..2dc3b61 100644
--- a/INSTALL
+++ b/INSTALL
@@ -28,16 +28,25 @@
 If you're willing to trade off (much) longer build time for a later
 faster git you can also do a profile feedback build with
 
-	$ make profile-all
-	# make prefix=... install
+	$ make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD all
+	# make prefix=/usr PROFILE=BUILD install
 
 This will run the complete test suite as training workload and then
 rebuild git with the generated profile feedback. This results in a git
 which is a few percent faster on CPU intensive workloads.  This
 may be a good tradeoff for distribution packagers.
 
-Note that the profile feedback build stage currently generates
-a lot of additional compiler warnings.
+Or if you just want to install a profile-optimized version of git into
+your home directory, you could run:
+
+	$ make PROFILE=BUILD install
+
+As a caveat: a profile-optimized build takes a *lot* longer since the
+git tree must be built twice, and in order for the profiling
+measurements to work properly, ccache must be disabled and the test
+suite has to be run using only a single CPU.  In addition, the profile
+feedback build stage currently generates a lot of additional compiler
+warnings.
 
 Issues of note:
 
@@ -83,7 +92,11 @@
 	- "Perl" version 5.8 or later is needed to use some of the
 	  features (e.g. preparing a partial commit using "git add -i/-p",
 	  interacting with svn repositories with "git svn").  If you can
-	  live without these, use NO_PERL.
+	  live without these, use NO_PERL.  Note that recent releases of
+	  Redhat/Fedora are reported to ship Perl binary package with some
+	  core modules stripped away (see http://lwn.net/Articles/477234/),
+	  so you might need to install additional packages other than Perl
+	  itself, e.g. Time::HiRes.
 
 	- "openssl" library is used by git-imap-send to use IMAP over SSL.
 	  If you don't need it, use NO_OPENSSL.
@@ -106,6 +119,22 @@
 	  history graphically, and in git-gui.  If you don't want gitk or
 	  git-gui, you can use NO_TCLTK.
 
+	- A gettext library is used by default for localizing Git. The
+	  primary target is GNU libintl, but the Solaris gettext
+	  implementation also works.
+
+	  We need a gettext.h on the system for C code, gettext.sh (or
+	  Solaris gettext(1)) for shell scripts, and libintl-perl for Perl
+	  programs.
+
+	  Set NO_GETTEXT to disable localization support and make Git only
+	  use English. Under autoconf the configure script will do this
+	  automatically if it can't find libintl on the system.
+
+	- Python version 2.4 or later (but not 3.x, which is not
+	  supported by Perforce) is needed to use the git-p4 interface
+	  to Perforce.
+
  - Some platform specific issues are dealt with Makefile rules,
    but depending on your specific installation, you may not
    have all the libraries/tools needed, or you may have
@@ -133,40 +162,15 @@
    makeinfo and docbook2X.  Version 0.8.3 is known to work.
 
    Building and installing the pdf file additionally requires
-   dblatex.  Version 0.2.7 with asciidoc >= 8.2.7 is known to work.
+   dblatex.  Version >= 0.2.7 is known to work.
 
-   The documentation is written for AsciiDoc 7, but by default
-   uses some compatibility wrappers to work on AsciiDoc 8. If you have
-   AsciiDoc 7, try "make ASCIIDOC7=YesPlease".
-
-   Alternatively, pre-formatted documentation is available in
-   "html" and "man" branches of the git repository itself.  For
-   example, you could:
-
-	$ mkdir manual && cd manual
-	$ git init
-	$ git fetch-pack git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git man html |
-	  while read a b
-	  do
-	    echo $a >.git/$b
-	  done
-	$ cp .git/refs/heads/man .git/refs/heads/master
-	$ git checkout
-
-   to checkout the pre-built man pages.  Also in this repository:
-
-	$ git checkout html
-
-   would instead give you a copy of what you see at:
-
-	http://www.kernel.org/pub/software/scm/git/docs/
+   All formats require at least asciidoc 8.4.1.
 
    There are also "make quick-install-doc", "make quick-install-man"
    and "make quick-install-html" which install preformatted man pages
-   and html documentation.
-   This does not require asciidoc/xmlto, but it only works from within
-   a cloned checkout of git.git with these two extra branches, and will
-   not work for the maintainer for obvious chicken-and-egg reasons.
+   and html documentation. To use these build targets, you need to
+   clone two separate git-htmldocs and git-manpages repositories next
+   to the clone of git itself.
 
    It has been reported that docbook-xsl version 1.72 and 1.73 are
    buggy; 1.72 misformats manual pages for callouts, and 1.73 needs
diff --git a/Makefile b/Makefile
index e4b14af..731b6a8 100644
--- a/Makefile
+++ b/Makefile
@@ -43,6 +43,29 @@
 # Define EXPATDIR=/foo/bar if your expat header and library files are in
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
 #
+# Define NO_GETTEXT if you don't want Git output to be translated.
+# A translated Git requires GNU libintl or another gettext implementation,
+# plus libintl-perl at runtime.
+#
+# Define USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME and set it to 'fallthrough', if you don't trust
+# the installed gettext translation of the shell scripts output.
+#
+# Define HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H if you haven't set NO_GETTEXT and you can't
+# trust the langinfo.h's nl_langinfo(CODESET) function to return the
+# current character set. GNU and Solaris have a nl_langinfo(CODESET),
+# FreeBSD can use either, but MinGW and some others need to use
+# libcharset.h's locale_charset() instead.
+#
+# Define CHARSET_LIB to you need to link with library other than -liconv to
+# use locale_charset() function.  On some platforms this needs to set to
+# -lcharset
+#
+# Define LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL if your gettext implementation doesn't
+# need -lintl when linking.
+#
+# Define NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS if your implementation of msgfmt
+# doesn't support GNU extensions like --check and --statistics
+#
 # Define HAVE_PATHS_H if you have paths.h and want to use the default PATH
 # it specifies.
 #
@@ -51,14 +74,18 @@
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (Cygwin 1.5, fixed in Cygwin 1.7).
 #
+# Define HAVE_STRINGS_H if you have strings.h and need it for strcasecmp.
+#
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 #
 # Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
 #
+# Define NO_GETPAGESIZE if you don't have getpagesize.
+#
 # Define NO_STRLCPY if you don't have strlcpy.
 #
-# Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have strtoumax in the C library.
-# If your compiler also does not support long long or does not have
+# Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have both strtoimax and strtoumax in the
+# C library. If your compiler also does not support long long or does not have
 # strtoull, define NO_STRTOULL.
 #
 # Define NO_SETENV if you don't have setenv in the C library.
@@ -67,6 +94,8 @@
 #
 # Define NO_MKDTEMP if you don't have mkdtemp in the C library.
 #
+# Define MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH if your mkdir() can't deal with trailing slash.
+#
 # Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOK_R if you don't have strtok_r in the C library.
@@ -76,6 +105,9 @@
 # Define NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD if your fnmatch function doesn't have the
 # FNM_CASEFOLD GNU extension.
 #
+# Define USE_WILDMATCH if you want to use Git's wildmatch
+# implementation as fnmatch
+#
 # Define NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT if you don't have pw_gecos in struct passwd
 # in the C library.
 #
@@ -104,9 +136,8 @@
 # specify your own (or DarwinPort's) include directories and
 # library directories by defining CFLAGS and LDFLAGS appropriately.
 #
-# Define BLK_SHA1 environment variable if you want the C version
-# of the SHA1 that assumes you can do unaligned 32-bit loads and
-# have a fast htonl() function.
+# Define BLK_SHA1 environment variable to make use of the bundled
+# optimized C SHA1 routine.
 #
 # Define PPC_SHA1 environment variable when running make to make use of
 # a bundled SHA1 routine optimized for PowerPC.
@@ -121,6 +152,12 @@
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBICONV if linking with libc is not enough (Darwin).
 #
+# Define NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV if you need libintl before libiconv.
+#
+# Define NO_INTPTR_T if you don't have intptr_t nor uintptr_t.
+#
+# Define NO_UINTMAX_T if you don't have uintmax_t.
+#
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
 # Patrick Mauritz).
 #
@@ -130,11 +167,28 @@
 #
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
 #
+# Define NO_SYS_POLL_H if you don't have sys/poll.h.
+#
+# Define NO_POLL if you do not have or don't want to use poll().
+# This also implies NO_SYS_POLL_H.
+#
+# Define NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H if you need to include sys/param.h to compile,
+# *PLEASE* REPORT to git@vger.kernel.org if your platform needs this;
+# we want to know more about the issue.
+#
 # Define NO_PTHREADS if you do not have or do not want to use Pthreads.
 #
 # Define NO_PREAD if you have a problem with pread() system call (e.g.
 # cygwin1.dll before v1.5.22).
 #
+# Define NO_SETITIMER if you don't have setitimer()
+#
+# Define NO_STRUCT_ITIMERVAL if you don't have struct itimerval
+# This also implies NO_SETITIMER
+#
+# Define NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD if your pread() implementation is not
+# thread-safe. (e.g. compat/pread.c or cygwin)
+#
 # Define NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY if accessing objects in pack files is
 # generally faster on your platform than accessing the working directory.
 #
@@ -143,6 +197,8 @@
 #
 # Define NO_IPV6 if you lack IPv6 support and getaddrinfo().
 #
+# Define NO_UNIX_SOCKETS if your system does not offer unix sockets.
+#
 # Define NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE if your platform does not have struct
 # sockaddr_storage.
 #
@@ -178,8 +234,6 @@
 # Define NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT if your platform does not have st_blocks
 # field that counts the on-disk footprint in 512-byte blocks.
 #
-# Define ASCIIDOC7 if you want to format documentation with AsciiDoc 7
-#
 # Define DOCBOOK_XSL_172 if you want to format man pages with DocBook XSL v1.72
 # (not v1.73 or v1.71).
 #
@@ -190,11 +244,16 @@
 # apostrophes to be ASCII so that cut&pasting examples to the shell
 # will work.
 #
+# Define PERL_PATH to the path of your Perl binary (usually /usr/bin/perl).
+#
 # Define NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER if you cannot use Makefiles generated by perl's
 # MakeMaker (e.g. using ActiveState under Cygwin).
 #
 # Define NO_PERL if you do not want Perl scripts or libraries at all.
 #
+# Define PYTHON_PATH to the path of your Python binary (often /usr/bin/python
+# but /usr/bin/python2.7 on some platforms).
+#
 # Define NO_PYTHON if you do not want Python scripts or libraries at all.
 #
 # Define NO_TCLTK if you do not want Tcl/Tk GUI.
@@ -222,11 +281,21 @@
 # Define NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS if you plan to distribute the installed
 # programs as a tar, where bin/ and libexec/ might be on different file systems.
 #
+# Define NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS if you prefer to use either symbolic links or
+# copies to install built-in git commands e.g. git-cat-file.
+#
 # Define USE_NED_ALLOCATOR if you want to replace the platforms default
 # memory allocators with the nedmalloc allocator written by Niall Douglas.
 #
 # Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
 #
+# Define CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API if you are using Cygwin v1.7.x but are not
+# using the current w32api packages. The recommended approach, however,
+# is to update your installation if compilation errors occur.
+#
+# Define HAVE_DEV_TTY if your system can open /dev/tty to interact with the
+# user.
+#
 # Define GETTEXT_POISON if you are debugging the choice of strings marked
 # for translation.  In a GETTEXT_POISON build, you can turn all strings marked
 # for translation into gibberish by setting the GIT_GETTEXT_POISON variable
@@ -250,28 +319,33 @@
 #   DEFAULT_EDITOR='$GIT_FALLBACK_EDITOR',
 #   DEFAULT_EDITOR='"C:\Program Files\Vim\gvim.exe" --nofork'
 #
+# Define COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES to "yes" if you want dependencies on
+# header files to be automatically computed, to avoid rebuilding objects when
+# an unrelated header file changes.  Define it to "no" to use the hard-coded
+# dependency rules.  The default is "auto", which means to use computed header
+# dependencies if your compiler is detected to support it.
+#
 # Define CHECK_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES to check for problems in the hard-coded
 # dependency rules.
 #
 # Define NATIVE_CRLF if your platform uses CRLF for line endings.
+#
+# Define XDL_FAST_HASH to use an alternative line-hashing method in
+# the diff algorithm.  It gives a nice speedup if your processor has
+# fast unaligned word loads.  Does NOT work on big-endian systems!
+# Enabled by default on x86_64.
+#
+# Define GIT_USER_AGENT if you want to change how git identifies itself during
+# network interactions.  The default is "git/$(GIT_VERSION)".
+#
+# Define DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT to "man", "info" or "html"
+# (defaults to "man") if you want to have a different default when
+# "git help" is called without a parameter specifying the format.
 
 GIT-VERSION-FILE: FORCE
 	@$(SHELL_PATH) ./GIT-VERSION-GEN
 -include GIT-VERSION-FILE
 
-uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
-
-ifdef MSVC
-	# avoid the MingW and Cygwin configuration sections
-	uname_S := Windows
-	uname_O := Windows
-endif
-
 # CFLAGS and LDFLAGS are for the users to override from the command line.
 
 CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
@@ -301,17 +375,18 @@
 mergetoolsdir = $(gitexecdir)/mergetools
 sharedir = $(prefix)/share
 gitwebdir = $(sharedir)/gitweb
+localedir = $(sharedir)/locale
 template_dir = share/git-core/templates
 htmldir = share/doc/git-doc
 ETC_GITCONFIG = $(sysconfdir)/gitconfig
 ETC_GITATTRIBUTES = $(sysconfdir)/gitattributes
 lib = lib
-# DESTDIR=
+# DESTDIR =
 pathsep = :
 
-export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir gitwebdir
+export prefix bindir sharedir sysconfdir gitwebdir localedir
 
-CC = gcc
+CC = cc
 AR = ar
 RM = rm -f
 DIFF = diff
@@ -322,6 +397,7 @@
 TCL_PATH = tclsh
 TCLTK_PATH = wish
 XGETTEXT = xgettext
+MSGFMT = msgfmt
 PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
 PTHREAD_CFLAGS =
 GCOV = gcov
@@ -345,6 +421,9 @@
 BUILT_INS =
 COMPAT_CFLAGS =
 COMPAT_OBJS =
+XDIFF_OBJS =
+VCSSVN_OBJS =
+GENERATED_H =
 EXTRA_CPPFLAGS =
 LIB_H =
 LIB_OBJS =
@@ -398,7 +477,8 @@
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-send-email.perl
 SCRIPT_PERL += git-svn.perl
 
-SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-remote-testgit.py
+SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-remote-testpy.py
+SCRIPT_PYTHON += git-p4.py
 
 SCRIPTS = $(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
 	  $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
@@ -413,14 +493,19 @@
 # ... and all the rest that could be moved out of bindir to gitexecdir
 PROGRAMS += $(EXTRA_PROGRAMS)
 
+PROGRAM_OBJS += credential-store.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += daemon.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += fast-import.o
+PROGRAM_OBJS += http-backend.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += imap-send.o
+PROGRAM_OBJS += sh-i18n--envsubst.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += shell.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += show-index.o
 PROGRAM_OBJS += upload-pack.o
-PROGRAM_OBJS += http-backend.o
-PROGRAM_OBJS += sh-i18n--envsubst.o
+PROGRAM_OBJS += remote-testsvn.o
+
+# Binary suffix, set to .exe for Windows builds
+X =
 
 PROGRAMS += $(patsubst %.o,git-%$X,$(PROGRAM_OBJS))
 
@@ -433,17 +518,20 @@
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-index-version
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-line-buffer
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-match-trees
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-mergesort
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-mktemp
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-obj-pool
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-parse-options
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-path-utils
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-regex
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-revision-walking
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-run-command
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-scrap-cache-tree
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sha1
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-sigchain
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-string-pool
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-string-list
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-subprocess
 TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-svn-fe
-TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-treap
+TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X += test-wildmatch
 
 TEST_PROGRAMS = $(patsubst %,%$X,$(TEST_PROGRAMS_NEED_X))
 
@@ -495,36 +583,65 @@
 export PERL_PATH
 export PYTHON_PATH
 
-LIB_FILE=libgit.a
-XDIFF_LIB=xdiff/lib.a
-VCSSVN_LIB=vcs-svn/lib.a
+LIB_FILE = libgit.a
+XDIFF_LIB = xdiff/lib.a
+VCSSVN_LIB = vcs-svn/lib.a
+
+LIB_H += xdiff/xinclude.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xmacros.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xdiff.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xtypes.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xutils.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xprepare.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xdiffi.h
+LIB_H += xdiff/xemit.h
+
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/sliding_window.h
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/fast_export.h
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/svndiff.h
+LIB_H += vcs-svn/svndump.h
+
+GENERATED_H += common-cmds.h
 
 LIB_H += advice.h
 LIB_H += archive.h
 LIB_H += argv-array.h
 LIB_H += attr.h
+LIB_H += bisect.h
 LIB_H += blob.h
+LIB_H += branch.h
 LIB_H += builtin.h
-LIB_H += cache.h
+LIB_H += bulk-checkin.h
+LIB_H += bundle.h
 LIB_H += cache-tree.h
+LIB_H += cache.h
 LIB_H += color.h
+LIB_H += column.h
 LIB_H += commit.h
 LIB_H += compat/bswap.h
 LIB_H += compat/cygwin.h
 LIB_H += compat/mingw.h
 LIB_H += compat/obstack.h
+LIB_H += compat/poll/poll.h
+LIB_H += compat/precompose_utf8.h
+LIB_H += compat/terminal.h
+LIB_H += compat/win32/dirent.h
 LIB_H += compat/win32/pthread.h
 LIB_H += compat/win32/syslog.h
-LIB_H += compat/win32/sys/poll.h
-LIB_H += compat/win32/dirent.h
 LIB_H += connected.h
+LIB_H += convert.h
+LIB_H += credential.h
 LIB_H += csum-file.h
 LIB_H += decorate.h
 LIB_H += delta.h
-LIB_H += diffcore.h
 LIB_H += diff.h
+LIB_H += diffcore.h
 LIB_H += dir.h
 LIB_H += exec_cmd.h
+LIB_H += fetch-pack.h
+LIB_H += fmt-merge-msg.h
 LIB_H += fsck.h
 LIB_H += gettext.h
 LIB_H += git-compat-util.h
@@ -533,26 +650,31 @@
 LIB_H += grep.h
 LIB_H += hash.h
 LIB_H += help.h
+LIB_H += http.h
 LIB_H += kwset.h
 LIB_H += levenshtein.h
 LIB_H += list-objects.h
 LIB_H += ll-merge.h
 LIB_H += log-tree.h
 LIB_H += mailmap.h
-LIB_H += merge-file.h
+LIB_H += merge-blobs.h
 LIB_H += merge-recursive.h
-LIB_H += notes.h
+LIB_H += mergesort.h
 LIB_H += notes-cache.h
 LIB_H += notes-merge.h
+LIB_H += notes.h
 LIB_H += object.h
-LIB_H += pack.h
 LIB_H += pack-refs.h
 LIB_H += pack-revindex.h
+LIB_H += pack.h
 LIB_H += parse-options.h
 LIB_H += patch-ids.h
+LIB_H += pathspec.h
 LIB_H += pkt-line.h
 LIB_H += progress.h
+LIB_H += prompt.h
 LIB_H += quote.h
+LIB_H += reachable.h
 LIB_H += reflog-walk.h
 LIB_H += refs.h
 LIB_H += remote.h
@@ -560,9 +682,11 @@
 LIB_H += resolve-undo.h
 LIB_H += revision.h
 LIB_H += run-command.h
+LIB_H += send-pack.h
 LIB_H += sequencer.h
 LIB_H += sha1-array.h
 LIB_H += sha1-lookup.h
+LIB_H += shortlog.h
 LIB_H += sideband.h
 LIB_H += sigchain.h
 LIB_H += strbuf.h
@@ -570,12 +694,19 @@
 LIB_H += string-list.h
 LIB_H += submodule.h
 LIB_H += tag.h
+LIB_H += tar.h
+LIB_H += thread-utils.h
 LIB_H += transport.h
-LIB_H += tree.h
 LIB_H += tree-walk.h
+LIB_H += tree.h
 LIB_H += unpack-trees.h
+LIB_H += url.h
 LIB_H += userdiff.h
 LIB_H += utf8.h
+LIB_H += varint.h
+LIB_H += walker.h
+LIB_H += wildmatch.h
+LIB_H += wt-status.h
 LIB_H += xdiff-interface.h
 LIB_H += xdiff/xdiff.h
 
@@ -592,17 +723,21 @@
 LIB_OBJS += bisect.o
 LIB_OBJS += blob.o
 LIB_OBJS += branch.o
+LIB_OBJS += bulk-checkin.o
 LIB_OBJS += bundle.o
 LIB_OBJS += cache-tree.o
 LIB_OBJS += color.o
+LIB_OBJS += column.o
 LIB_OBJS += combine-diff.o
 LIB_OBJS += commit.o
 LIB_OBJS += compat/obstack.o
+LIB_OBJS += compat/terminal.o
 LIB_OBJS += config.o
 LIB_OBJS += connect.o
 LIB_OBJS += connected.o
 LIB_OBJS += convert.o
 LIB_OBJS += copy.o
+LIB_OBJS += credential.o
 LIB_OBJS += csum-file.o
 LIB_OBJS += ctype.o
 LIB_OBJS += date.o
@@ -621,7 +756,9 @@
 LIB_OBJS += entry.o
 LIB_OBJS += environment.o
 LIB_OBJS += exec_cmd.o
+LIB_OBJS += fetch-pack.o
 LIB_OBJS += fsck.o
+LIB_OBJS += gettext.o
 LIB_OBJS += gpg-interface.o
 LIB_OBJS += graph.o
 LIB_OBJS += grep.o
@@ -637,8 +774,10 @@
 LIB_OBJS += log-tree.o
 LIB_OBJS += mailmap.o
 LIB_OBJS += match-trees.o
-LIB_OBJS += merge-file.o
+LIB_OBJS += merge.o
+LIB_OBJS += merge-blobs.o
 LIB_OBJS += merge-recursive.o
+LIB_OBJS += mergesort.o
 LIB_OBJS += name-hash.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes.o
 LIB_OBJS += notes-cache.o
@@ -654,10 +793,12 @@
 LIB_OBJS += patch-delta.o
 LIB_OBJS += patch-ids.o
 LIB_OBJS += path.o
+LIB_OBJS += pathspec.o
 LIB_OBJS += pkt-line.o
 LIB_OBJS += preload-index.o
 LIB_OBJS += pretty.o
 LIB_OBJS += progress.o
+LIB_OBJS += prompt.o
 LIB_OBJS += quote.o
 LIB_OBJS += reachable.o
 LIB_OBJS += read-cache.o
@@ -669,9 +810,10 @@
 LIB_OBJS += resolve-undo.o
 LIB_OBJS += revision.o
 LIB_OBJS += run-command.o
+LIB_OBJS += send-pack.o
+LIB_OBJS += sequencer.o
 LIB_OBJS += server-info.o
 LIB_OBJS += setup.o
-LIB_OBJS += sequencer.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1-array.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1-lookup.o
 LIB_OBJS += sha1_file.o
@@ -696,7 +838,10 @@
 LIB_OBJS += usage.o
 LIB_OBJS += userdiff.o
 LIB_OBJS += utf8.o
+LIB_OBJS += varint.o
+LIB_OBJS += version.o
 LIB_OBJS += walker.o
+LIB_OBJS += wildmatch.o
 LIB_OBJS += wrapper.o
 LIB_OBJS += write_or_die.o
 LIB_OBJS += ws.o
@@ -714,15 +859,18 @@
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/bundle.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/cat-file.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-attr.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-ignore.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/check-ref-format.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/checkout-index.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/checkout.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/clean.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/clone.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/column.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/commit-tree.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/commit.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/config.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/count-objects.o
+BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/credential.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/describe.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff-files.o
 BUILTIN_OBJS += builtin/diff-index.o
@@ -800,439 +948,9 @@
 GITLIBS = $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB)
 EXTLIBS =
 
-#
-# Platform specific tweaks
-#
+GIT_USER_AGENT = git/$(GIT_VERSION)
 
-# We choose to avoid "if .. else if .. else .. endif endif"
-# because maintaining the nesting to match is a pain.  If
-# we had "elif" things would have been much nicer...
-
-ifeq ($(uname_S),OSF1)
-	# Need this for u_short definitions et al
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_OSF_SOURCE
-	SOCKLEN_T = int
-	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
-	CC = cc
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	INSTALL = ginstall
-	TAR = gtar
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.2)
-		CFLAGS = -O2
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5)
-		CC = cc
-		BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
-	endif
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	INSTALL = ginstall
-	TAR = gtar
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
-		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	endif
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
-	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
-	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.6)
-		SOCKLEN_T = int
-		NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
-		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.9)
-		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-	endif
-	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
-	TAR = gtar
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.[1-6]\.'),4)
-		NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-		NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
-		NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-		NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-		NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-		NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
-	endif
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	# There are conflicting reports about this.
-	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
-	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	X = .exe
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	SPARSE_FLAGS = -isystem /usr/include/w32api -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
-		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
-		NO_UINTMAX_T = YesPlease
-		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	endif
-	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
-		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	endif
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
-	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
-	DEFAULT_PAGER = more
-	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV=YesPlease
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
-		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
-	else
-		PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V).$(uname_R)" : '5\.1'),3)
-		INLINE=''
-	endif
-	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
-	# GNU/Hurd
-	NO_STRLCPY=YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
-	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
-	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
-	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
-	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
-	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
-	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
-	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
-	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
-	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
-	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
-	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	SHELL_PATH=/usr/gnu/bin/bash
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
-	INLINE = __inline
-	NO_IPV6=YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV=YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.11.00)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.10.20)
-		# Override HP-UX 11.x setting:
-		INLINE =
-		SOCKLEN_T = size_t
-		NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	endif
-	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
-	GIT_VERSION := $(GIT_VERSION).MSVC
-	pathsep = ;
-	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
-	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
-	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
-	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
-	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
-	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
-	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
-	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
-
-	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
-	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
-	CFLAGS =
-	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
-	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/winansi.o \
-		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
-		compat/win32/sys/poll.o compat/win32/dirent.o
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
-	EXTLIBS = user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
-	PTHREAD_LIBS =
-	lib =
-ifndef DEBUG
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -GL -Os -MT
-	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -LTCG
-	AR += -LTCG
-else
-	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Zi -MTd
-endif
-	X = .exe
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
-	NO_INITGROUPS = YesPlease
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	endif
-	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.2)
-		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
-		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
-	endif
-endif
-ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
-	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBGEN =
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_IDN_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_RESOLV =
-	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
-	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
-	NO_CURL =
-	NO_EXPAT =
-endif
-ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
-	pathsep = ;
-	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
-	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
-	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
-	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
-	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
-	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
-	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
-	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
-	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
-	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
-	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
-	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
-	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
-	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
-	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
-	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
-	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
-	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
-	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
-	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
-	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
-	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
-	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
-	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
-	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
-	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
-	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
-	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
-	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
-		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
-		compat/win32/sys/poll.o compat/win32/dirent.o
-	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
-	PTHREAD_LIBS =
-	X = .exe
-	SPARSE_FLAGS = -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
-ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
-	htmldir=doc/git/html/
-	prefix =
-	INSTALL = /bin/install
-	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
-	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
-	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
-else
-	NO_CURL = YesPlease
-endif
-endif
-
+include config.mak.uname
 -include config.mak.autogen
 -include config.mak
 
@@ -1245,21 +963,32 @@
 endif
 
 ifdef CHECK_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
-COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES =
+COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES = no
 USE_COMPUTED_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES =
-else
+endif
+
 ifndef COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
+COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES = auto
+endif
+
+ifeq ($(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES),auto)
 dep_check = $(shell $(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) \
 	-c -MF /dev/null -MMD -MP -x c /dev/null -o /dev/null 2>&1; \
 	echo $$?)
 ifeq ($(dep_check),0)
-COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES=YesPlease
-endif
+override COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES = yes
+else
+override COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES = no
 endif
 endif
 
-ifdef COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
+ifeq ($(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES),yes)
 USE_COMPUTED_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES = YesPlease
+else
+ifneq ($(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES),no)
+$(error please set COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES to yes, no, or auto \
+(not "$(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES)"))
+endif
 endif
 
 ifdef SANE_TOOL_PATH
@@ -1332,7 +1061,7 @@
 		CURL_LIBCURL = -lcurl
 	endif
 	ifdef NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL
-		CURL_LIBCURL +=	-lssl
+		CURL_LIBCURL += -lssl
 		ifdef NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL
 			CURL_LIBCURL += -lcrypto
 		endif
@@ -1346,7 +1075,7 @@
 	REMOTE_CURL_NAMES = $(REMOTE_CURL_PRIMARY) $(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES)
 	PROGRAM_OBJS += http-fetch.o
 	PROGRAMS += $(REMOTE_CURL_NAMES)
-	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; curl-config --vernum) | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
+	curl_check := $(shell (echo 070908; curl-config --vernum) 2>/dev/null | sort -r | sed -ne 2p)
 	ifeq "$(curl_check)" "070908"
 		ifndef NO_EXPAT
 			PROGRAM_OBJS += http-push.o
@@ -1400,11 +1129,19 @@
 	else
 		ICONV_LINK =
 	endif
+	ifdef NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV
+		ICONV_LINK += -lintl
+	endif
 	EXTLIBS += $(ICONV_LINK) -liconv
 endif
 ifdef NEEDS_LIBGEN
 	EXTLIBS += -lgen
 endif
+ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+ifndef LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL
+	EXTLIBS += -lintl
+endif
+endif
 ifdef NEEDS_SOCKET
 	EXTLIBS += -lsocket
 endif
@@ -1420,6 +1157,9 @@
 ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 endif
+ifdef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
+endif
 ifdef NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT
 endif
@@ -1447,9 +1187,17 @@
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYMLINK_HEAD
 endif
 ifdef GETTEXT_POISON
-	LIB_OBJS += gettext.o
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DGETTEXT_POISON
 endif
+ifdef NO_GETTEXT
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_GETTEXT
+	USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME ?= fallthrough
+endif
+ifdef NO_POLL
+	NO_SYS_POLL_H = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_POLL -Icompat/poll
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/poll/poll.o
+endif
 ifdef NO_STRCASESTR
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRCASESTR
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strcasestr.o
@@ -1460,7 +1208,7 @@
 endif
 ifdef NO_STRTOUMAX
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRTOUMAX
-	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strtoumax.o
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/strtoumax.o compat/strtoimax.o
 endif
 ifdef NO_STRTOULL
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRTOULL
@@ -1480,6 +1228,9 @@
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.o
 endif
 endif
+ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DUSE_WILDMATCH
+endif
 ifdef NO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_SETENV
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/setenv.o
@@ -1488,6 +1239,10 @@
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKDTEMP
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkdtemp.o
 endif
+ifdef MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DMKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mkdir.o
+endif
 ifdef NO_MKSTEMPS
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MKSTEMPS
 endif
@@ -1501,6 +1256,9 @@
 ifdef NO_SYS_POLL_H
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_SYS_POLL_H
 endif
+ifdef NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
+endif
 ifdef NO_INTTYPES_H
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INTTYPES_H
 endif
@@ -1519,9 +1277,20 @@
 ifdef OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DOBJECT_CREATION_MODE=1
 endif
+ifdef NO_STRUCT_ITIMERVAL
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_STRUCT_ITIMERVAL
+	NO_SETITIMER = YesPlease
+endif
+ifdef NO_SETITIMER
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_SETITIMER
+endif
 ifdef NO_PREAD
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_PREAD
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/pread.o
+	NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD = YesPlease
+endif
+ifdef NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD
 endif
 ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
@@ -1532,6 +1301,9 @@
 ifdef NO_IPV6
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_IPV6
 endif
+ifdef NO_INTPTR_T
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_INTPTR_T
+endif
 ifdef NO_UINTMAX_T
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Duintmax_t=uint32_t
 endif
@@ -1550,6 +1322,12 @@
 	LIB_OBJS += compat/inet_pton.o
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_INET_PTON
 endif
+ifndef NO_UNIX_SOCKETS
+	LIB_OBJS += unix-socket.o
+	LIB_H += unix-socket.h
+	PROGRAM_OBJS += credential-cache.o
+	PROGRAM_OBJS += credential-cache--daemon.o
+endif
 
 ifdef NO_ICONV
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DNO_ICONV
@@ -1592,6 +1370,9 @@
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_MEMMEM
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/memmem.o
 endif
+ifdef NO_GETPAGESIZE
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DNO_GETPAGESIZE
+endif
 ifdef INTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DINTERNAL_QSORT
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/qsort.o
@@ -1612,6 +1393,19 @@
 	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_PATHS_H
 endif
 
+ifdef HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_LIBCHARSET_H
+	EXTLIBS += $(CHARSET_LIB)
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_STRINGS_H
+endif
+
+ifdef HAVE_DEV_TTY
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_DEV_TTY
+endif
+
 ifdef DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DDIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS
 endif
@@ -1622,6 +1416,9 @@
 	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/regex
 	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/regex/regex.o
 endif
+ifdef CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DCYGWIN_V15_WIN32API
+endif
 
 ifdef USE_NED_ALLOCATOR
        COMPAT_CFLAGS += -Icompat/nedmalloc
@@ -1632,16 +1429,24 @@
 	export GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT
 endif
 
+ifndef NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS
+	MSGFMT += --check --statistics
+endif
+
+ifneq (,$(XDL_FAST_HASH))
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DXDL_FAST_HASH
+endif
+
 ifeq ($(TCLTK_PATH),)
-NO_TCLTK=NoThanks
+NO_TCLTK = NoThanks
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(PERL_PATH),)
-NO_PERL=NoThanks
+NO_PERL = NoThanks
 endif
 
 ifeq ($(PYTHON_PATH),)
-NO_PYTHON=NoThanks
+NO_PYTHON = NoThanks
 endif
 
 QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +$(MAKE) -C # space to separate -C and subdir
@@ -1662,6 +1467,7 @@
 	QUIET_GEN      = @echo '   ' GEN $@;
 	QUIET_LNCP     = @echo '   ' LN/CP $@;
 	QUIET_XGETTEXT = @echo '   ' XGETTEXT $@;
+	QUIET_MSGFMT   = @echo '   ' MSGFMT $@;
 	QUIET_GCOV     = @echo '   ' GCOV $@;
 	QUIET_SP       = @echo '   ' SP $<;
 	QUIET_SUBDIR0  = +@subdir=
@@ -1673,8 +1479,28 @@
 endif
 endif
 
-ifdef ASCIIDOC7
-	export ASCIIDOC7
+ifdef NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS
+	export NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS
+endif
+
+### profile feedback build
+#
+
+# Can adjust this to be a global directory if you want to do extended
+# data gathering
+PROFILE_DIR := $(CURDIR)
+
+ifeq ("$(PROFILE)","GEN")
+	CFLAGS += -fprofile-generate=$(PROFILE_DIR) -DNO_NORETURN=1
+	EXTLIBS += -lgcov
+	export CCACHE_DISABLE = t
+	V = 1
+else
+ifneq ("$(PROFILE)","")
+	CFLAGS += -fprofile-use=$(PROFILE_DIR) -fprofile-correction -DNO_NORETURN=1
+	export CCACHE_DISABLE = t
+	V = 1
+endif
 endif
 
 # Shell quote (do not use $(call) to accommodate ancient setups);
@@ -1688,6 +1514,7 @@
 bindir_relative_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir_relative))
 mandir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(mandir))
 infodir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(infodir))
+localedir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir))
 gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
 template_dir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(template_dir))
 htmldir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(htmldir))
@@ -1722,6 +1549,25 @@
 BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDEFAULT_PAGER='$(DEFAULT_PAGER_CQ_SQ)'
 endif
 
+ifdef SHELL_PATH
+SHELL_PATH_CQ = "$(subst ",\",$(subst \,\\,$(SHELL_PATH)))"
+SHELL_PATH_CQ_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH_CQ))
+
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DSHELL_PATH='$(SHELL_PATH_CQ_SQ)'
+endif
+
+GIT_USER_AGENT_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(GIT_USER_AGENT))
+GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ = "$(subst ",\",$(subst \,\\,$(GIT_USER_AGENT)))"
+GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ))
+GIT-USER-AGENT: FORCE
+	@if test x'$(GIT_USER_AGENT_SQ)' != x"`cat GIT-USER-AGENT 2>/dev/null`"; then \
+		echo '$(GIT_USER_AGENT_SQ)' >GIT-USER-AGENT; \
+	fi
+
+ifdef DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT
+BASIC_CFLAGS += -DDEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT='"$(DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT)"'
+endif
+
 ALL_CFLAGS += $(BASIC_CFLAGS)
 ALL_LDFLAGS += $(BASIC_LDFLAGS)
 
@@ -1732,7 +1578,17 @@
 
 SHELL = $(SHELL_PATH)
 
-all:: shell_compatibility_test $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) $(OTHER_PROGRAMS) GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+all:: shell_compatibility_test
+
+ifeq "$(PROFILE)" "BUILD"
+ifeq ($(filter all,$(MAKECMDGOALS)),all)
+all:: profile-clean
+	$(MAKE) PROFILE=GEN all
+	$(MAKE) PROFILE=GEN -j1 test
+endif
+endif
+
+all:: $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) $(OTHER_PROGRAMS) GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
 ifneq (,$X)
 	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(foreach p,$(patsubst %$X,%,$(filter %$X,$(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(BUILT_INS) git$X)), test -d '$p' -o '$p' -ef '$p$X' || $(RM) '$p';)
 endif
@@ -1743,7 +1599,7 @@
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitk-git $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 endif
 ifndef NO_PERL
-	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' all
+	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' localedir='$(localedir_SQ)' all
 endif
 ifndef NO_PYTHON
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)git_remote_helpers $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PYTHON_PATH='$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' all
@@ -1758,8 +1614,41 @@
 strip: $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 	$(STRIP) $(STRIP_OPTS) $(PROGRAMS) git$X
 
-git.o: common-cmds.h
-git.sp git.s git.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = -DGIT_VERSION='"$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
+### Target-specific flags and dependencies
+
+# The generic compilation pattern rule and automatically
+# computed header dependencies (falling back to a dependency on
+# LIB_H) are enough to describe how most targets should be built,
+# but some targets are special enough to need something a little
+# different.
+#
+# - When a source file "foo.c" #includes a generated header file,
+#   we need to list that dependency for the "foo.o" target.
+#
+#   We also list it from other targets that are built from foo.c
+#   like "foo.sp" and "foo.s", even though that is easy to forget
+#   to do because the generated header is already present around
+#   after a regular build attempt.
+#
+# - Some code depends on configuration kept in makefile
+#   variables. The target-specific variable EXTRA_CPPFLAGS can
+#   be used to convey that information to the C preprocessor
+#   using -D options.
+#
+#   The "foo.o" target should have a corresponding dependency on
+#   a file that changes when the value of the makefile variable
+#   changes.  For example, targets making use of the
+#   $(GIT_VERSION) variable depend on GIT-VERSION-FILE.
+#
+#   Technically the ".sp" and ".s" targets do not need this
+#   dependency because they are force-built, but they get the
+#   same dependency for consistency. This way, you do not have to
+#   know how each target is implemented. And it means the
+#   dependencies here will not need to change if the force-build
+#   details change some day.
+
+git.sp git.s git.o: GIT-PREFIX
+git.sp git.s git.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
 	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_SQ)"' \
 	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_SQ)"'
@@ -1768,14 +1657,19 @@
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ git.o \
 		$(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(LIBS)
 
-help.sp help.o: common-cmds.h
+help.sp help.s help.o: common-cmds.h
 
-builtin/help.sp builtin/help.o: common-cmds.h
+builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: common-cmds.h GIT-PREFIX
 builtin/help.sp builtin/help.s builtin/help.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_HTML_PATH="$(htmldir_SQ)"' \
 	'-DGIT_MAN_PATH="$(mandir_SQ)"' \
 	'-DGIT_INFO_PATH="$(infodir_SQ)"'
 
+version.sp version.s version.o: GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-USER-AGENT
+version.sp version.s version.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
+	'-DGIT_VERSION="$(GIT_VERSION)"' \
+	'-DGIT_USER_AGENT=$(GIT_USER_AGENT_CQ_SQ)'
+
 $(BUILT_INS): git$X
 	$(QUIET_BUILT_IN)$(RM) $@ && \
 	ln git$X $@ 2>/dev/null || \
@@ -1787,33 +1681,54 @@
 common-cmds.h: $(wildcard Documentation/git-*.txt)
 	$(QUIET_GEN)./generate-cmdlist.sh > $@+ && mv $@+ $@
 
+SCRIPT_DEFINES = $(SHELL_PATH_SQ):$(DIFF_SQ):$(GIT_VERSION):\
+	$(localedir_SQ):$(NO_CURL):$(USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME):$(SANE_TOOL_PATH_SQ):\
+	$(gitwebdir_SQ):$(PERL_PATH_SQ)
 define cmd_munge_script
 $(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
     -e 's|@SHELL_PATH@|$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
     -e 's|@@DIFF@@|$(DIFF_SQ)|' \
-    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
+    -e 's|@@LOCALEDIR@@|$(localedir_SQ)|g' \
     -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
+    -e 's/@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@/$(USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME)/g' \
     -e $(BROKEN_PATH_FIX) \
+    -e 's|@@GITWEBDIR@@|$(gitwebdir_SQ)|g' \
+    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
     $@.sh >$@+
 endef
 
-$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) : % : %.sh
+GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES: FORCE
+	@FLAGS='$(SCRIPT_DEFINES)'; \
+	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
+		echo >&2 "    * new script parameters"; \
+		echo "$$FLAGS" >$@; \
+            fi
+
+
+$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) : % : %.sh GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(cmd_munge_script) && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-$(SCRIPT_LIB) : % : %.sh
+$(SCRIPT_LIB) : % : %.sh GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(cmd_munge_script) && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 ifndef NO_PERL
 $(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): perl/perl.mak
 
-perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS perl/Makefile perl/Makefile.PL
+perl/perl.mak: perl/PM.stamp
+
+perl/PM.stamp: FORCE
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(FIND) perl -type f -name '*.pm' | sort >$@+ && \
+	{ cmp $@+ $@ >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || mv $@+ $@; } && \
+	$(RM) $@+
+
+perl/perl.mak: GIT-CFLAGS GIT-PREFIX perl/Makefile perl/Makefile.PL
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)perl $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) PERL_PATH='$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' $(@F)
 
-$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl
+$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)): % : %.perl GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	INSTLIBDIR=`MAKEFLAGS= $(MAKE) -C perl -s --no-print-directory instlibdir` && \
 	sed -e '1{' \
@@ -1833,14 +1748,8 @@
 gitweb:
 	$(QUIET_SUBDIR0)gitweb $(QUIET_SUBDIR1) all
 
-git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb
-	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
-	sed -e '1s|#!.*/sh|#!$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)|' \
-	    -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
-	    -e 's/@@NO_CURL@@/$(NO_CURL)/g' \
-	    -e 's|@@GITWEBDIR@@|$(gitwebdir_SQ)|g' \
-	    -e 's|@@PERL@@|$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|g' \
-	    $@.sh > $@+ && \
+git-instaweb: git-instaweb.sh gitweb GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(cmd_munge_script) && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
 	mv $@+ $@
 else # NO_PERL
@@ -1854,7 +1763,7 @@
 endif # NO_PERL
 
 ifndef NO_PYTHON
-$(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)): GIT-CFLAGS
+$(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)): GIT-CFLAGS GIT-PREFIX GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 $(patsubst %.py,%,$(SCRIPT_PYTHON)): % : %.py
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	INSTLIBDIR=`MAKEFLAGS= $(MAKE) -C git_remote_helpers -s \
@@ -1876,37 +1785,59 @@
 	mv $@+ $@
 endif # NO_PYTHON
 
-configure: configure.ac
+configure: configure.ac GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $<+ && \
 	sed -e 's/@@GIT_VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' \
 	    $< > $<+ && \
 	autoconf -o $@ $<+ && \
 	$(RM) $<+
 
-# These can record GIT_VERSION
-git.o git.spec \
-	$(patsubst %.sh,%,$(SCRIPT_SH)) \
-	$(patsubst %.perl,%,$(SCRIPT_PERL)) \
-	: GIT-VERSION-FILE
+ifdef AUTOCONFIGURED
+# We avoid depending on 'configure' here, because it gets rebuilt
+# every time GIT-VERSION-FILE is modified, only to update the embedded
+# version number string, which config.status does not care about.  We
+# do want to recheck when the platform/environment detection logic
+# changes, hence this depends on configure.ac.
+config.status: configure.ac
+	$(QUIET_GEN)$(MAKE) configure && \
+	if test -f config.status; then \
+	  ./config.status --recheck; \
+	else \
+	  ./configure; \
+	fi
+reconfigure config.mak.autogen: config.status
+	$(QUIET_GEN)./config.status
+.PHONY: reconfigure # This is a convenience target.
+endif
+
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xdiffi.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xprepare.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xutils.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xemit.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xmerge.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xpatience.o
+XDIFF_OBJS += xdiff/xhistogram.o
+
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/line_buffer.o
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/sliding_window.o
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/repo_tree.o
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/fast_export.o
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/svndiff.o
+VCSSVN_OBJS += vcs-svn/svndump.o
 
 TEST_OBJS := $(patsubst test-%$X,test-%.o,$(TEST_PROGRAMS))
-GIT_OBJS := $(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(PROGRAM_OBJS) $(TEST_OBJS) \
+OBJECTS := $(LIB_OBJS) $(BUILTIN_OBJS) $(PROGRAM_OBJS) $(TEST_OBJS) \
+	$(XDIFF_OBJS) \
+	$(VCSSVN_OBJS) \
 	git.o
 ifndef NO_CURL
-	GIT_OBJS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
+	OBJECTS += http.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o
 endif
-XDIFF_OBJS = xdiff/xdiffi.o xdiff/xprepare.o xdiff/xutils.o xdiff/xemit.o \
-	xdiff/xmerge.o xdiff/xpatience.o xdiff/xhistogram.o
-VCSSVN_OBJS = vcs-svn/string_pool.o vcs-svn/line_buffer.o \
-	vcs-svn/repo_tree.o vcs-svn/fast_export.o vcs-svn/svndump.o
-VCSSVN_TEST_OBJS = test-obj-pool.o test-string-pool.o \
-	test-line-buffer.o test-treap.o
-OBJECTS := $(GIT_OBJS) $(XDIFF_OBJS) $(VCSSVN_OBJS)
 
 dep_files := $(foreach f,$(OBJECTS),$(dir $f).depend/$(notdir $f).d)
 dep_dirs := $(addsuffix .depend,$(sort $(dir $(OBJECTS))))
 
-ifdef COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
+ifeq ($(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES),yes)
 $(dep_dirs):
 	@mkdir -p $@
 
@@ -1919,7 +1850,7 @@
 endif
 endif
 
-ifndef COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
+ifneq ($(COMPUTE_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES),yes)
 ifndef CHECK_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
 dep_dirs =
 missing_dep_dirs =
@@ -1984,7 +1915,7 @@
 endif
 
 %.s: %.c GIT-CFLAGS FORCE
-	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CPPFLAGS) $<
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) -o $@ -S $(ALL_CFLAGS) $(EXTRA_CPPFLAGS) $<
 
 ifdef USE_COMPUTED_HEADER_DEPENDENCIES
 # Take advantage of gcc's on-the-fly dependency generation
@@ -2000,53 +1931,31 @@
 # Dependencies on automatically generated headers such as common-cmds.h
 # should _not_ be included here, since they are necessary even when
 # building an object for the first time.
-#
-# XXX. Please check occasionally that these include all dependencies
-# gcc detects!
 
-$(GIT_OBJS): $(LIB_H)
-builtin/branch.o builtin/checkout.o builtin/clone.o builtin/reset.o branch.o transport.o: branch.h
-builtin/bundle.o bundle.o transport.o: bundle.h
-builtin/bisect--helper.o builtin/rev-list.o bisect.o: bisect.h
-builtin/clone.o builtin/fetch-pack.o transport.o: fetch-pack.h
-builtin/grep.o builtin/pack-objects.o transport-helper.o: thread-utils.h
-builtin/send-pack.o transport.o: send-pack.h
-builtin/log.o builtin/shortlog.o: shortlog.h
-builtin/prune.o builtin/reflog.o reachable.o: reachable.h
-builtin/commit.o builtin/revert.o wt-status.o: wt-status.h
-builtin/tar-tree.o archive-tar.o: tar.h
-connect.o transport.o http-backend.o: url.h
-http-fetch.o http-walker.o remote-curl.o transport.o walker.o: walker.h
-http.o http-walker.o http-push.o http-fetch.o remote-curl.o: http.h url.h
-
-xdiff-interface.o $(XDIFF_OBJS): \
-	xdiff/xinclude.h xdiff/xmacros.h xdiff/xdiff.h xdiff/xtypes.h \
-	xdiff/xutils.h xdiff/xprepare.h xdiff/xdiffi.h xdiff/xemit.h
-
-$(VCSSVN_OBJS) $(VCSSVN_TEST_OBJS): $(LIB_H) \
-	vcs-svn/obj_pool.h vcs-svn/trp.h vcs-svn/string_pool.h \
-	vcs-svn/line_buffer.h vcs-svn/repo_tree.h vcs-svn/fast_export.h \
-	vcs-svn/svndump.h
-
-test-svn-fe.o: vcs-svn/svndump.h
+$(OBJECTS): $(LIB_H)
 endif
 
+exec_cmd.sp exec_cmd.s exec_cmd.o: GIT-PREFIX
 exec_cmd.sp exec_cmd.s exec_cmd.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	'-DGIT_EXEC_PATH="$(gitexecdir_SQ)"' \
 	'-DBINDIR="$(bindir_relative_SQ)"' \
 	'-DPREFIX="$(prefix_SQ)"'
 
+builtin/init-db.sp builtin/init-db.s builtin/init-db.o: GIT-PREFIX
 builtin/init-db.sp builtin/init-db.s builtin/init-db.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-DDEFAULT_GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR='"$(template_dir_SQ)"'
 
+config.sp config.s config.o: GIT-PREFIX
 config.sp config.s config.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-DETC_GITCONFIG='"$(ETC_GITCONFIG_SQ)"'
 
+attr.sp attr.s attr.o: GIT-PREFIX
 attr.sp attr.s attr.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
 	-DETC_GITATTRIBUTES='"$(ETC_GITATTRIBUTES_SQ)"'
 
-http.sp http.s http.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
-	-DGIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT='"git/$(GIT_VERSION)"'
+gettext.sp gettext.s gettext.o: GIT-PREFIX
+gettext.sp gettext.s gettext.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = \
+	-DGIT_LOCALE_PATH='"$(localedir_SQ)"'
 
 ifdef NO_EXPAT
 http-walker.sp http-walker.s http-walker.o: EXTRA_CPPFLAGS = -DNO_EXPAT
@@ -2076,6 +1985,10 @@
 	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) \
 		$(LIBS) $(CURL_LIBCURL) $(EXPAT_LIBEXPAT)
 
+git-remote-testsvn$X: remote-testsvn.o GIT-LDFLAGS $(GITLIBS) $(VCSSVN_LIB)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(ALL_CFLAGS) -o $@ $(ALL_LDFLAGS) $(filter %.o,$^) $(LIBS) \
+	$(VCSSVN_LIB)
+
 $(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES): $(REMOTE_CURL_PRIMARY)
 	$(QUIET_LNCP)$(RM) $@ && \
 	ln $< $@ 2>/dev/null || \
@@ -2095,6 +2008,8 @@
 $(VCSSVN_LIB): $(VCSSVN_OBJS)
 	$(QUIET_AR)$(RM) $@ && $(AR) rcs $@ $(VCSSVN_OBJS)
 
+export DEFAULT_EDITOR DEFAULT_PAGER
+
 doc:
 	$(MAKE) -C Documentation all
 
@@ -2117,38 +2032,72 @@
 	--from-code=UTF-8
 XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=C \
 	--keyword=_ --keyword=N_ --keyword="Q_:1,2"
-XGETTEXT_FLAGS_SH = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=Shell
-LOCALIZED_C := $(C_OBJ:o=c)
+XGETTEXT_FLAGS_SH = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --language=Shell \
+	--keyword=gettextln --keyword=eval_gettextln
+XGETTEXT_FLAGS_PERL = $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS) --keyword=__ --language=Perl
+LOCALIZED_C := $(C_OBJ:o=c) $(LIB_H) $(GENERATED_H)
 LOCALIZED_SH := $(SCRIPT_SH)
+LOCALIZED_PERL := $(SCRIPT_PERL)
+
+ifdef XGETTEXT_INCLUDE_TESTS
+LOCALIZED_C += t/t0200/test.c
+LOCALIZED_SH += t/t0200/test.sh
+LOCALIZED_PERL += t/t0200/test.perl
+endif
 
 po/git.pot: $(LOCALIZED_C)
 	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_C) $(LOCALIZED_C)
 	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ --join-existing $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_SH) \
 		$(LOCALIZED_SH)
+	$(QUIET_XGETTEXT)$(XGETTEXT) -o$@+ --join-existing $(XGETTEXT_FLAGS_PERL) \
+		$(LOCALIZED_PERL)
 	mv $@+ $@
 
 pot: po/git.pot
 
+POFILES := $(wildcard po/*.po)
+MOFILES := $(patsubst po/%.po,po/build/locale/%/LC_MESSAGES/git.mo,$(POFILES))
+
+ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+all:: $(MOFILES)
+endif
+
+po/build/locale/%/LC_MESSAGES/git.mo: po/%.po
+	$(QUIET_MSGFMT)mkdir -p $(dir $@) && $(MSGFMT) -o $@ $<
+
+FIND_SOURCE_FILES = ( git ls-files '*.[hcS]' 2>/dev/null || \
+			$(FIND) . \( -name .git -type d -prune \) \
+				-o \( -name '*.[hcS]' -type f -print \) )
+
 $(ETAGS_TARGET): FORCE
 	$(RM) $(ETAGS_TARGET)
-	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs etags -a -o $(ETAGS_TARGET)
+	$(FIND_SOURCE_FILES) | xargs etags -a -o $(ETAGS_TARGET)
 
 tags: FORCE
 	$(RM) tags
-	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs ctags -a
+	$(FIND_SOURCE_FILES) | xargs ctags -a
 
 cscope:
 	$(RM) cscope*
-	$(FIND) . -name '*.[hcS]' -print | xargs cscope -b
+	$(FIND_SOURCE_FILES) | xargs cscope -b
 
 ### Detect prefix changes
-TRACK_CFLAGS = $(CC):$(subst ','\'',$(ALL_CFLAGS)):\
-             $(bindir_SQ):$(gitexecdir_SQ):$(template_dir_SQ):$(prefix_SQ)
+TRACK_PREFIX = $(bindir_SQ):$(gitexecdir_SQ):$(template_dir_SQ):$(prefix_SQ):\
+		$(localedir_SQ)
+
+GIT-PREFIX: FORCE
+	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_PREFIX)'; \
+	if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-PREFIX 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
+		echo >&2 "    * new prefix flags"; \
+		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-PREFIX; \
+	fi
+
+TRACK_CFLAGS = $(CC):$(subst ','\'',$(ALL_CFLAGS)):$(USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME)
 
 GIT-CFLAGS: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_CFLAGS)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-CFLAGS 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new build flags or prefix"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new build flags"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-CFLAGS; \
             fi
 
@@ -2157,7 +2106,7 @@
 GIT-LDFLAGS: FORCE
 	@FLAGS='$(TRACK_LDFLAGS)'; \
 	    if test x"$$FLAGS" != x"`cat GIT-LDFLAGS 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new link flags"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new link flags"; \
 		echo "$$FLAGS" >GIT-LDFLAGS; \
             fi
 
@@ -2174,22 +2123,39 @@
 	@echo USE_LIBPCRE=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(USE_LIBPCRE)))'\' >>$@
 	@echo NO_PERL=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PERL)))'\' >>$@
 	@echo NO_PYTHON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_PYTHON)))'\' >>$@
+	@echo NO_UNIX_SOCKETS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_UNIX_SOCKETS)))'\' >>$@
+ifdef GIT_TEST_OPTS
+	@echo GIT_TEST_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_OPTS)))'\' >>$@
+endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP
 	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_TEST_CMP)))'\' >>$@
 endif
 ifdef GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT
 	@echo GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT=YesPlease >>$@
 endif
+	@echo NO_GETTEXT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(NO_GETTEXT)))'\' >>$@
 	@echo GETTEXT_POISON=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GETTEXT_POISON)))'\' >>$@
+ifdef GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT
+	@echo GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT)))'\' >>$@
+endif
+ifdef GIT_PERF_REPO
+	@echo GIT_PERF_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_REPO)))'\' >>$@
+endif
+ifdef GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO
+	@echo GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO)))'\' >>$@
+endif
+ifdef GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
+	@echo GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS=\''$(subst ','\'',$(subst ','\'',$(GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS)))'\' >>$@
+endif
 
-### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
-ifndef NO_TCLTK
-TRACK_VARS = $(subst ','\'',-DTCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)')
+### Detect Python interpreter path changes
+ifndef NO_PYTHON
+TRACK_PYTHON = $(subst ','\'',-DPYTHON_PATH='$(PYTHON_PATH_SQ)')
 
-GIT-GUI-VARS: FORCE
-	@VARS='$(TRACK_VARS)'; \
+GIT-PYTHON-VARS: FORCE
+	@VARS='$(TRACK_PYTHON)'; \
 	    if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
-		echo 1>&2 "    * new Tcl/Tk interpreter location"; \
+		echo >&2 "    * new Python interpreter location"; \
 		echo "$$VARS" >$@; \
             fi
 endif
@@ -2210,12 +2176,18 @@
 # with that.
 
 export NO_SVN_TESTS
+export TEST_NO_MALLOC_CHECK
 
 ### Testing rules
 
 test: all
 	$(MAKE) -C t/ all
 
+perf: all
+	$(MAKE) -C t/perf/ all
+
+.PHONY: test perf
+
 test-ctype$X: ctype.o
 
 test-date$X: date.o ctype.o
@@ -2226,8 +2198,6 @@
 
 test-parse-options$X: parse-options.o parse-options-cb.o
 
-test-string-pool$X: vcs-svn/lib.a
-
 test-svn-fe$X: vcs-svn/lib.a
 
 .PRECIOUS: $(TEST_OBJS)
@@ -2295,6 +2265,11 @@
 	$(MAKE) -C templates DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
 	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(mergetools_instdir_SQ)'
 	$(INSTALL) -m 644 mergetools/* '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(mergetools_instdir_SQ)'
+ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+	$(INSTALL) -d -m 755 '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(localedir_SQ)'
+	(cd po/build/locale && $(TAR) cf - .) | \
+	(cd '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(localedir_SQ)' && umask 022 && $(TAR) xof -)
+endif
 ifndef NO_PERL
 	$(MAKE) -C perl prefix='$(prefix_SQ)' DESTDIR='$(DESTDIR_SQ)' install
 	$(MAKE) -C gitweb install
@@ -2315,19 +2290,21 @@
 	{ test "$$bindir/" = "$$execdir/" || \
 	  for p in git$X $(filter $(install_bindir_programs),$(ALL_PROGRAMS)); do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
-		test -z "$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)$(NO_CROSS_DIRECTORY_HARDLINKS)" && \
 		ln "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		cp "$$bindir/$$p" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
 	  done; \
 	} && \
 	for p in $(filter $(install_bindir_programs),$(BUILT_INS)); do \
 		$(RM) "$$bindir/$$p" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
 		ln "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		ln -s "git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		cp "$$bindir/git$X" "$$bindir/$$p" || exit; \
 	done && \
 	for p in $(BUILT_INS); do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
 		ln "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		ln -s "git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		cp "$$execdir/git$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
@@ -2335,6 +2312,7 @@
 	remote_curl_aliases="$(REMOTE_CURL_ALIASES)" && \
 	for p in $$remote_curl_aliases; do \
 		$(RM) "$$execdir/$$p" && \
+		test -z "$(NO_INSTALL_HARDLINKS)" && \
 		ln "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		ln -s "git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" 2>/dev/null || \
 		cp "$$execdir/git-remote-http$X" "$$execdir/$$p" || exit; \
@@ -2372,11 +2350,11 @@
 
 ### Maintainer's dist rules
 
-git.spec: git.spec.in
+git.spec: git.spec.in GIT-VERSION-FILE
 	sed -e 's/@@VERSION@@/$(GIT_VERSION)/g' < $< > $@+
 	mv $@+ $@
 
-GIT_TARNAME=git-$(GIT_VERSION)
+GIT_TARNAME = git-$(GIT_VERSION)
 dist: git.spec git-archive$(X) configure
 	./git-archive --format=tar \
 		--prefix=$(GIT_TARNAME)/ HEAD^{tree} > $(GIT_TARNAME).tar
@@ -2422,18 +2400,23 @@
 
 distclean: clean
 	$(RM) configure
-	$(RM) po/git.pot
+	$(RM) config.log config.status config.cache
+	$(RM) config.mak.autogen config.mak.append
+	$(RM) -r autom4te.cache
 
-clean:
+profile-clean:
+	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcda,$(addprefix $(PROFILE_DIR)/, $(object_dirs)))
+	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcno,$(addprefix $(PROFILE_DIR)/, $(object_dirs)))
+
+clean: profile-clean
 	$(RM) *.o block-sha1/*.o ppc/*.o compat/*.o compat/*/*.o xdiff/*.o vcs-svn/*.o \
 		builtin/*.o $(LIB_FILE) $(XDIFF_LIB) $(VCSSVN_LIB)
 	$(RM) $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git$X
 	$(RM) $(TEST_PROGRAMS)
 	$(RM) -r bin-wrappers
 	$(RM) -r $(dep_dirs)
+	$(RM) -r po/build/
 	$(RM) *.spec *.pyc *.pyo */*.pyc */*.pyo common-cmds.h $(ETAGS_TARGET) tags cscope*
-	$(RM) -r autom4te.cache
-	$(RM) config.log config.mak.autogen config.mak.append config.status config.cache
 	$(RM) -r $(GIT_TARNAME) .doc-tmp-dir
 	$(RM) $(GIT_TARNAME).tar.gz git-core_$(GIT_VERSION)-*.tar.gz
 	$(RM) $(htmldocs).tar.gz $(manpages).tar.gz
@@ -2451,16 +2434,22 @@
 	$(MAKE) -C gitk-git clean
 	$(MAKE) -C git-gui clean
 endif
-	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-LDFLAGS GIT-GUI-VARS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+	$(RM) GIT-VERSION-FILE GIT-CFLAGS GIT-LDFLAGS GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+	$(RM) GIT-USER-AGENT GIT-PREFIX GIT-SCRIPT-DEFINES GIT-PYTHON-VARS
 
-.PHONY: all install clean strip
+.PHONY: all install profile-clean clean strip
 .PHONY: shell_compatibility_test please_set_SHELL_PATH_to_a_more_modern_shell
 .PHONY: FORCE cscope
 
 ### Check documentation
 #
+ALL_COMMANDS = $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS)
+ALL_COMMANDS += git
+ALL_COMMANDS += gitk
+ALL_COMMANDS += gitweb
+ALL_COMMANDS += git-gui git-citool
 check-docs::
-	@(for v in $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git gitk; \
+	@(for v in $(ALL_COMMANDS); \
 	do \
 		case "$$v" in \
 		git-merge-octopus | git-merge-ours | git-merge-recursive | \
@@ -2482,35 +2471,13 @@
 		sed -e '/^#/d' \
 		    -e 's/[ 	].*//' \
 		    -e 's/^/listed /' command-list.txt; \
-		ls -1 Documentation/git*txt | \
+		$(MAKE) -C Documentation print-man1 | \
+		grep '\.txt$$' | \
 		sed -e 's|Documentation/|documented |' \
 		    -e 's/\.txt//'; \
 	) | while read how cmd; \
 	do \
-		case "$$how,$$cmd" in \
-		*,git-citool | \
-		*,git-gui | \
-		*,git-help | \
-		documented,gitattributes | \
-		documented,gitignore | \
-		documented,gitmodules | \
-		documented,gitcli | \
-		documented,git-tools | \
-		documented,gitcore-tutorial | \
-		documented,gitcvs-migration | \
-		documented,gitdiffcore | \
-		documented,gitglossary | \
-		documented,githooks | \
-		documented,gitrepository-layout | \
-		documented,gitrevisions | \
-		documented,gittutorial | \
-		documented,gittutorial-2 | \
-		documented,git-bisect-lk2009 | \
-		documented,git-remote-helpers | \
-		documented,gitworkflows | \
-		sentinel,not,matching,is,ok ) continue ;; \
-		esac; \
-		case " $(ALL_PROGRAMS) $(SCRIPT_LIB) $(BUILT_INS) git gitk " in \
+		case " $(ALL_COMMANDS) " in \
 		*" $$cmd "*)	;; \
 		*) echo "removed but $$how: $$cmd" ;; \
 		esac; \
@@ -2563,18 +2530,3 @@
 cover_db_html: cover_db
 	cover -report html -outputdir cover_db_html cover_db
 
-### profile feedback build
-#
-.PHONY: profile-all profile-clean
-
-PROFILE_GEN_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -fprofile-generate -DNO_NORETURN=1
-PROFILE_USE_CFLAGS := $(CFLAGS) -fprofile-use -fprofile-correction -DNO_NORETURN=1
-
-profile-clean:
-	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcda,$(object_dirs))
-	$(RM) $(addsuffix *.gcno,$(object_dirs))
-
-profile-all: profile-clean
-	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(PROFILE_GEN_CFLAGS)" all
-	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(PROFILE_GEN_CFLAGS)" -j1 test
-	$(MAKE) CFLAGS="$(PROFILE_USE_CFLAGS)" all
diff --git a/README b/README
index 67cfeb2..a960ca8 100644
--- a/README
+++ b/README
@@ -19,9 +19,10 @@
 unusually rich command set that provides both high-level operations
 and full access to internals.
 
-Git is an Open Source project covered by the GNU General Public License.
-It was originally written by Linus Torvalds with help of a group of
-hackers around the net. It is currently maintained by Junio C Hamano.
+Git is an Open Source project covered by the GNU General Public
+License version 2 (some parts of it are under different licenses,
+compatible with the GPLv2). It was originally written by Linus
+Torvalds with help of a group of hackers around the net.
 
 Please read the file INSTALL for installation instructions.
 
@@ -42,13 +43,14 @@
 
 The user discussion and development of Git take place on the Git
 mailing list -- everyone is welcome to post bug reports, feature
-requests, comments and patches to git@vger.kernel.org. To subscribe
-to the list, send an email with just "subscribe git" in the body to
-majordomo@vger.kernel.org. The mailing list archives are available at
-http://marc.theaimsgroup.com/?l=git and other archival sites.
+requests, comments and patches to git@vger.kernel.org (read
+Documentation/SubmittingPatches for instructions on patch submission).
+To subscribe to the list, send an email with just "subscribe git" in
+the body to majordomo@vger.kernel.org. The mailing list archives are
+available at http://news.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/,
+http://marc.info/?l=git and other archival sites.
 
-The messages titled "A note from the maintainer", "What's in
-git.git (stable)" and "What's cooking in git.git (topics)" and
-the discussion following them on the mailing list give a good
-reference for project status, development direction and
-remaining tasks.
+The maintainer frequently sends the "What's cooking" reports that
+list the current status of various development topics to the mailing
+list.  The discussion following them give a good reference for
+project status, development direction and remaining tasks.
diff --git a/RelNotes b/RelNotes
index 7d92769..bdce313 120000
--- a/RelNotes
+++ b/RelNotes
@@ -1 +1 @@
-Documentation/RelNotes/1.7.8.txt
\ No newline at end of file
+Documentation/RelNotes/1.8.2.txt
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/abspath.c b/abspath.c
index f04ac18..40cdc46 100644
--- a/abspath.c
+++ b/abspath.c
@@ -15,16 +15,34 @@
 #define MAXDEPTH 5
 
 /*
- * Use this to get the real path, i.e. resolve links. If you want an
- * absolute path but don't mind links, use absolute_path.
+ * Return the real path (i.e., absolute path, with symlinks resolved
+ * and extra slashes removed) equivalent to the specified path.  (If
+ * you want an absolute path but don't mind links, use
+ * absolute_path().)  The return value is a pointer to a static
+ * buffer.
+ *
+ * The input and all intermediate paths must be shorter than MAX_PATH.
+ * The directory part of path (i.e., everything up to the last
+ * dir_sep) must denote a valid, existing directory, but the last
+ * component need not exist.  If die_on_error is set, then die with an
+ * informative error message if there is a problem.  Otherwise, return
+ * NULL on errors (without generating any output).
  *
  * If path is our buffer, then return path, as it's already what the
  * user wants.
  */
-const char *real_path(const char *path)
+static const char *real_path_internal(const char *path, int die_on_error)
 {
 	static char bufs[2][PATH_MAX + 1], *buf = bufs[0], *next_buf = bufs[1];
+	char *retval = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have to temporarily chdir(), store the original CWD
+	 * here so that we can chdir() back to it at the end of the
+	 * function:
+	 */
 	char cwd[1024] = "";
+
 	int buf_index = 1;
 
 	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
@@ -35,15 +53,26 @@
 	if (path == buf || path == next_buf)
 		return path;
 
-	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
-		die ("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+	if (!*path) {
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die("The empty string is not a valid path");
+		else
+			goto error_out;
+	}
+
+	if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX) {
+		if (die_on_error)
+			die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
+		else
+			goto error_out;
+	}
 
 	while (depth--) {
 		if (!is_directory(buf)) {
 			char *last_slash = find_last_dir_sep(buf);
 			if (last_slash) {
-				*last_slash = '\0';
 				last_elem = xstrdup(last_slash + 1);
+				last_slash[1] = '\0';
 			} else {
 				last_elem = xstrdup(buf);
 				*buf = '\0';
@@ -51,20 +80,36 @@
 		}
 
 		if (*buf) {
-			if (!*cwd && !getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd)))
-				die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
+			if (!*cwd && !getcwd(cwd, sizeof(cwd))) {
+				if (die_on_error)
+					die_errno("Could not get current working directory");
+				else
+					goto error_out;
+			}
 
-			if (chdir(buf))
-				die_errno ("Could not switch to '%s'", buf);
+			if (chdir(buf)) {
+				if (die_on_error)
+					die_errno("Could not switch to '%s'", buf);
+				else
+					goto error_out;
+			}
 		}
-		if (!getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX))
-			die_errno ("Could not get current working directory");
+		if (!getcwd(buf, PATH_MAX)) {
+			if (die_on_error)
+				die_errno("Could not get current working directory");
+			else
+				goto error_out;
+		}
 
 		if (last_elem) {
 			size_t len = strlen(buf);
-			if (len + strlen(last_elem) + 2 > PATH_MAX)
-				die ("Too long path name: '%s/%s'",
-						buf, last_elem);
+			if (len + strlen(last_elem) + 2 > PATH_MAX) {
+				if (die_on_error)
+					die("Too long path name: '%s/%s'",
+					    buf, last_elem);
+				else
+					goto error_out;
+			}
 			if (len && !is_dir_sep(buf[len-1]))
 				buf[len++] = '/';
 			strcpy(buf + len, last_elem);
@@ -74,10 +119,18 @@
 
 		if (!lstat(buf, &st) && S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
 			ssize_t len = readlink(buf, next_buf, PATH_MAX);
-			if (len < 0)
-				die_errno ("Invalid symlink '%s'", buf);
-			if (PATH_MAX <= len)
-				die("symbolic link too long: %s", buf);
+			if (len < 0) {
+				if (die_on_error)
+					die_errno("Invalid symlink '%s'", buf);
+				else
+					goto error_out;
+			}
+			if (PATH_MAX <= len) {
+				if (die_on_error)
+					die("symbolic link too long: %s", buf);
+				else
+					goto error_out;
+			}
 			next_buf[len] = '\0';
 			buf = next_buf;
 			buf_index = 1 - buf_index;
@@ -86,10 +139,23 @@
 			break;
 	}
 
+	retval = buf;
+error_out:
+	free(last_elem);
 	if (*cwd && chdir(cwd))
 		die_errno ("Could not change back to '%s'", cwd);
 
-	return buf;
+	return retval;
+}
+
+const char *real_path(const char *path)
+{
+	return real_path_internal(path, 1);
+}
+
+const char *real_path_if_valid(const char *path)
+{
+	return real_path_internal(path, 0);
 }
 
 static const char *get_pwd_cwd(void)
@@ -123,7 +189,9 @@
 {
 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
 
-	if (is_absolute_path(path)) {
+	if (!*path) {
+		die("The empty string is not a valid path");
+	} else if (is_absolute_path(path)) {
 		if (strlcpy(buf, path, PATH_MAX) >= PATH_MAX)
 			die("Too long path: %.*s", 60, path);
 	} else {
diff --git a/advice.c b/advice.c
index e02e632..780f58d 100644
--- a/advice.c
+++ b/advice.c
@@ -1,6 +1,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
-int advice_push_nonfastforward = 1;
+int advice_push_update_rejected = 1;
+int advice_push_non_ff_current = 1;
+int advice_push_non_ff_default = 1;
+int advice_push_non_ff_matching = 1;
+int advice_push_already_exists = 1;
+int advice_push_fetch_first = 1;
+int advice_push_needs_force = 1;
 int advice_status_hints = 1;
 int advice_commit_before_merge = 1;
 int advice_resolve_conflict = 1;
@@ -11,21 +17,40 @@
 	const char *name;
 	int *preference;
 } advice_config[] = {
-	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_nonfastforward },
+	{ "pushupdaterejected", &advice_push_update_rejected },
+	{ "pushnonffcurrent", &advice_push_non_ff_current },
+	{ "pushnonffdefault", &advice_push_non_ff_default },
+	{ "pushnonffmatching", &advice_push_non_ff_matching },
+	{ "pushalreadyexists", &advice_push_already_exists },
+	{ "pushfetchfirst", &advice_push_fetch_first },
+	{ "pushneedsforce", &advice_push_needs_force },
 	{ "statushints", &advice_status_hints },
 	{ "commitbeforemerge", &advice_commit_before_merge },
 	{ "resolveconflict", &advice_resolve_conflict },
 	{ "implicitidentity", &advice_implicit_identity },
 	{ "detachedhead", &advice_detached_head },
+
+	/* make this an alias for backward compatibility */
+	{ "pushnonfastforward", &advice_push_update_rejected }
 };
 
 void advise(const char *advice, ...)
 {
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	va_list params;
+	const char *cp, *np;
 
 	va_start(params, advice);
-	vreportf("hint: ", advice, params);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, advice, params);
 	va_end(params);
+
+	for (cp = buf.buf; *cp; cp = np) {
+		np = strchrnul(cp, '\n');
+		fprintf(stderr,	_("hint: %.*s\n"), (int)(np - cp), cp);
+		if (*np)
+			np++;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 int git_default_advice_config(const char *var, const char *value)
@@ -46,16 +71,15 @@
 int error_resolve_conflict(const char *me)
 {
 	error("'%s' is not possible because you have unmerged files.", me);
-	if (advice_resolve_conflict) {
+	if (advice_resolve_conflict)
 		/*
 		 * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
 		 * other commands doing a merge do.
 		 */
-		advise("Fix them up in the work tree,");
-		advise("and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as");
-		advise("appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,");
-		advise("or use 'git commit -a'.");
-	}
+		advise(_("Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+			 "and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+			 "appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+			 "or use 'git commit -a'."));
 	return -1;
 }
 
@@ -64,3 +88,17 @@
 	error_resolve_conflict(me);
 	die("Exiting because of an unresolved conflict.");
 }
+
+void detach_advice(const char *new_name)
+{
+	const char fmt[] =
+	"Note: checking out '%s'.\n\n"
+	"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
+	"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
+	"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n\n"
+	"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
+	"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n\n"
+	"  git checkout -b new_branch_name\n\n";
+
+	fprintf(stderr, fmt, new_name);
+}
diff --git a/advice.h b/advice.h
index e5d0af7..fad36df 100644
--- a/advice.h
+++ b/advice.h
@@ -3,7 +3,13 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 
-extern int advice_push_nonfastforward;
+extern int advice_push_update_rejected;
+extern int advice_push_non_ff_current;
+extern int advice_push_non_ff_default;
+extern int advice_push_non_ff_matching;
+extern int advice_push_already_exists;
+extern int advice_push_fetch_first;
+extern int advice_push_needs_force;
 extern int advice_status_hints;
 extern int advice_commit_before_merge;
 extern int advice_resolve_conflict;
@@ -14,5 +20,6 @@
 void advise(const char *advice, ...);
 int error_resolve_conflict(const char *me);
 extern void NORETURN die_resolve_conflict(const char *me);
+void detach_advice(const char *new_name);
 
 #endif /* ADVICE_H */
diff --git a/archive-tar.c b/archive-tar.c
index 20af005..719b629 100644
--- a/archive-tar.c
+++ b/archive-tar.c
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "tar.h"
 #include "archive.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
 #define RECORDSIZE	(512)
@@ -30,10 +31,9 @@
  * queues up writes, so that all our write(2) calls write exactly one
  * full block; pads writes to RECORDSIZE
  */
-static void write_blocked(const void *data, unsigned long size)
+static void do_write_blocked(const void *data, unsigned long size)
 {
 	const char *buf = data;
-	unsigned long tail;
 
 	if (offset) {
 		unsigned long chunk = BLOCKSIZE - offset;
@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@
 		memcpy(block + offset, buf, size);
 		offset += size;
 	}
+}
+
+static void finish_record(void)
+{
+	unsigned long tail;
 	tail = offset % RECORDSIZE;
 	if (tail)  {
 		memset(block + offset, 0, RECORDSIZE - tail);
@@ -62,6 +67,12 @@
 	write_if_needed();
 }
 
+static void write_blocked(const void *data, unsigned long size)
+{
+	do_write_blocked(data, size);
+	finish_record();
+}
+
 /*
  * The end of tar archives is marked by 2*512 nul bytes and after that
  * follows the rest of the block (if any).
@@ -78,6 +89,33 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * queues up writes, so that all our write(2) calls write exactly one
+ * full block; pads writes to RECORDSIZE
+ */
+static int stream_blocked(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct git_istream *st;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	char buf[BLOCKSIZE];
+	ssize_t readlen;
+
+	st = open_istream(sha1, &type, &sz, NULL);
+	if (!st)
+		return error("cannot stream blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	for (;;) {
+		readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
+		if (readlen <= 0)
+			break;
+		do_write_blocked(buf, readlen);
+	}
+	close_istream(st);
+	if (!readlen)
+		finish_record();
+	return readlen;
+}
+
+/*
  * pax extended header records have the format "%u %s=%s\n".  %u contains
  * the size of the whole string (including the %u), the first %s is the
  * keyword, the second one is the value.  This function constructs such a
@@ -101,13 +139,13 @@
 
 static unsigned int ustar_header_chksum(const struct ustar_header *header)
 {
-	char *p = (char *)header;
+	const unsigned char *p = (const unsigned char *)header;
 	unsigned int chksum = 0;
-	while (p < header->chksum)
+	while (p < (const unsigned char *)header->chksum)
 		chksum += *p++;
 	chksum += sizeof(header->chksum) * ' ';
 	p += sizeof(header->chksum);
-	while (p < (char *)header + sizeof(struct ustar_header))
+	while (p < (const unsigned char *)header + sizeof(struct ustar_header))
 		chksum += *p++;
 	return chksum;
 }
@@ -115,6 +153,8 @@
 static size_t get_path_prefix(const char *path, size_t pathlen, size_t maxlen)
 {
 	size_t i = pathlen;
+	if (i > 1 && path[i - 1] == '/')
+		i--;
 	if (i > maxlen)
 		i = maxlen;
 	do {
@@ -123,56 +163,101 @@
 	return i;
 }
 
+static void prepare_header(struct archiver_args *args,
+			   struct ustar_header *header,
+			   unsigned int mode, unsigned long size)
+{
+	sprintf(header->mode, "%07o", mode & 07777);
+	sprintf(header->size, "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
+	sprintf(header->mtime, "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
+
+	sprintf(header->uid, "%07o", 0);
+	sprintf(header->gid, "%07o", 0);
+	strlcpy(header->uname, "root", sizeof(header->uname));
+	strlcpy(header->gname, "root", sizeof(header->gname));
+	sprintf(header->devmajor, "%07o", 0);
+	sprintf(header->devminor, "%07o", 0);
+
+	memcpy(header->magic, "ustar", 6);
+	memcpy(header->version, "00", 2);
+
+	sprintf(header->chksum, "%07o", ustar_header_chksum(header));
+}
+
+static int write_extended_header(struct archiver_args *args,
+				 const unsigned char *sha1,
+				 const void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct ustar_header header;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
+	*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_EXT_HEADER;
+	mode = 0100666;
+	sprintf(header.name, "%s.paxheader", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, size);
+	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
+	write_blocked(buffer, size);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int write_tar_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
-		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen,
-		unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   const char *path, size_t pathlen,
+			   unsigned int mode)
 {
 	struct ustar_header header;
 	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned int old_mode = mode;
+	unsigned long size;
+	void *buffer;
 	int err = 0;
 
 	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
 
-	if (!sha1) {
-		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
-		mode = 0100666;
-		strcpy(header.name, "pax_global_header");
-	} else if (!path) {
-		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_EXT_HEADER;
-		mode = 0100666;
-		sprintf(header.name, "%s.paxheader", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
+		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_DIR;
+		mode = (mode | 0777) & ~tar_umask;
+	} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_LNK;
+		mode |= 0777;
+	} else if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
+		*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_REG;
+		mode = (mode | ((mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666)) & ~tar_umask;
 	} else {
-		if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-			*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_DIR;
-			mode = (mode | 0777) & ~tar_umask;
-		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
-			*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_LNK;
-			mode |= 0777;
-		} else if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
-			*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_REG;
-			mode = (mode | ((mode & 0100) ? 0777 : 0666)) & ~tar_umask;
-		} else {
-			return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)",
-					mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		}
-		if (pathlen > sizeof(header.name)) {
-			size_t plen = get_path_prefix(path, pathlen,
-					sizeof(header.prefix));
-			size_t rest = pathlen - plen - 1;
-			if (plen > 0 && rest <= sizeof(header.name)) {
-				memcpy(header.prefix, path, plen);
+		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)",
+			     mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	if (pathlen > sizeof(header.name)) {
+		size_t plen = get_path_prefix(path, pathlen,
+					      sizeof(header.prefix));
+		size_t rest = pathlen - plen - 1;
+		if (plen > 0 && rest <= sizeof(header.name)) {
+			memcpy(header.prefix, path, plen);
 				memcpy(header.name, path + plen + 1, rest);
-			} else {
-				sprintf(header.name, "%s.data",
-				        sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-				strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "path",
-						path, pathlen);
-			}
-		} else
-			memcpy(header.name, path, pathlen);
+		} else {
+			sprintf(header.name, "%s.data",
+				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "path",
+						 path, pathlen);
+		}
+	} else
+		memcpy(header.name, path, pathlen);
+
+	if (S_ISREG(mode) && !args->convert &&
+	    sha1_object_info(sha1, &size) == OBJ_BLOB &&
+	    size > big_file_threshold)
+		buffer = NULL;
+	else if (S_ISLNK(mode) || S_ISREG(mode)) {
+		enum object_type type;
+		buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(args, path, sha1, old_mode, &type, &size);
+		if (!buffer)
+			return error("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else {
+		buffer = NULL;
+		size = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (S_ISLNK(mode) && buffer) {
+	if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 		if (size > sizeof(header.linkname)) {
 			sprintf(header.linkname, "see %s.paxheader",
 			        sha1_to_hex(sha1));
@@ -182,32 +267,25 @@
 			memcpy(header.linkname, buffer, size);
 	}
 
-	sprintf(header.mode, "%07o", mode & 07777);
-	sprintf(header.size, "%011lo", S_ISREG(mode) ? size : 0);
-	sprintf(header.mtime, "%011lo", (unsigned long) args->time);
-
-	sprintf(header.uid, "%07o", 0);
-	sprintf(header.gid, "%07o", 0);
-	strlcpy(header.uname, "root", sizeof(header.uname));
-	strlcpy(header.gname, "root", sizeof(header.gname));
-	sprintf(header.devmajor, "%07o", 0);
-	sprintf(header.devminor, "%07o", 0);
-
-	memcpy(header.magic, "ustar", 6);
-	memcpy(header.version, "00", 2);
-
-	sprintf(header.chksum, "%07o", ustar_header_chksum(&header));
+	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, size);
 
 	if (ext_header.len > 0) {
-		err = write_tar_entry(args, sha1, NULL, 0, 0, ext_header.buf,
-				ext_header.len);
-		if (err)
+		err = write_extended_header(args, sha1, ext_header.buf,
+					    ext_header.len);
+		if (err) {
+			free(buffer);
 			return err;
+		}
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
 	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
-	if (S_ISREG(mode) && buffer && size > 0)
-		write_blocked(buffer, size);
+	if (S_ISREG(mode) && size > 0) {
+		if (buffer)
+			write_blocked(buffer, size);
+		else
+			err = stream_blocked(sha1);
+	}
+	free(buffer);
 	return err;
 }
 
@@ -215,11 +293,18 @@
 {
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = args->commit_sha1;
 	struct strbuf ext_header = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int err;
+	struct ustar_header header;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	int err = 0;
 
 	strbuf_append_ext_header(&ext_header, "comment", sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
-	err = write_tar_entry(args, NULL, NULL, 0, 0, ext_header.buf,
-			ext_header.len);
+	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
+	*header.typeflag = TYPEFLAG_GLOBAL_HEADER;
+	mode = 0100666;
+	strcpy(header.name, "pax_global_header");
+	prepare_header(args, &header, mode, ext_header.len);
+	write_blocked(&header, sizeof(header));
+	write_blocked(ext_header.buf, ext_header.len);
 	strbuf_release(&ext_header);
 	return err;
 }
@@ -242,20 +327,12 @@
 static int tar_filter_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
 {
 	struct archiver *ar;
-	const char *dot;
 	const char *name;
 	const char *type;
 	int namelen;
 
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "tar."))
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "tar", &name, &namelen, &type) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
-	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
-	if (dot == var + 9)
-		return 0;
-
-	name = var + 4;
-	namelen = dot - name;
-	type = dot + 1;
 
 	ar = find_tar_filter(name, namelen);
 	if (!ar) {
diff --git a/archive-zip.c b/archive-zip.c
index 02d1f37..d3aef53 100644
--- a/archive-zip.c
+++ b/archive-zip.c
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "archive.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 static int zip_date;
 static int zip_time;
@@ -15,6 +17,8 @@
 static unsigned int zip_dir_entries;
 
 #define ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE	(1024 * 1024)
+#define ZIP_STREAM	(1 <<  3)
+#define ZIP_UTF8	(1 << 11)
 
 struct zip_local_header {
 	unsigned char magic[4];
@@ -31,6 +35,14 @@
 	unsigned char _end[1];
 };
 
+struct zip_data_desc {
+	unsigned char magic[4];
+	unsigned char crc32[4];
+	unsigned char compressed_size[4];
+	unsigned char size[4];
+	unsigned char _end[1];
+};
+
 struct zip_dir_header {
 	unsigned char magic[4];
 	unsigned char creator_version[2];
@@ -64,14 +76,26 @@
 	unsigned char _end[1];
 };
 
+struct zip_extra_mtime {
+	unsigned char magic[2];
+	unsigned char extra_size[2];
+	unsigned char flags[1];
+	unsigned char mtime[4];
+	unsigned char _end[1];
+};
+
 /*
  * On ARM, padding is added at the end of the struct, so a simple
  * sizeof(struct ...) reports two bytes more than the payload size
  * we're interested in.
  */
 #define ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_local_header, _end)
+#define ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_data_desc, _end)
 #define ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_dir_header, _end)
 #define ZIP_DIR_TRAILER_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_dir_trailer, _end)
+#define ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE	offsetof(struct zip_extra_mtime, _end)
+#define ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_PAYLOAD_SIZE \
+	(ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE - offsetof(struct zip_extra_mtime, flags))
 
 static void copy_le16(unsigned char *dest, unsigned int n)
 {
@@ -120,23 +144,81 @@
 	return buffer;
 }
 
+static void write_zip_data_desc(unsigned long size,
+				unsigned long compressed_size,
+				unsigned long crc)
+{
+	struct zip_data_desc trailer;
+
+	copy_le32(trailer.magic, 0x08074b50);
+	copy_le32(trailer.crc32, crc);
+	copy_le32(trailer.compressed_size, compressed_size);
+	copy_le32(trailer.size, size);
+	write_or_die(1, &trailer, ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE);
+}
+
+static void set_zip_dir_data_desc(struct zip_dir_header *header,
+				  unsigned long size,
+				  unsigned long compressed_size,
+				  unsigned long crc)
+{
+	copy_le32(header->crc32, crc);
+	copy_le32(header->compressed_size, compressed_size);
+	copy_le32(header->size, size);
+}
+
+static void set_zip_header_data_desc(struct zip_local_header *header,
+				     unsigned long size,
+				     unsigned long compressed_size,
+				     unsigned long crc)
+{
+	copy_le32(header->crc32, crc);
+	copy_le32(header->compressed_size, compressed_size);
+	copy_le32(header->size, size);
+}
+
+static int has_only_ascii(const char *s)
+{
+	for (;;) {
+		int c = *s++;
+		if (c == '\0')
+			return 1;
+		if (!isascii(c))
+			return 0;
+	}
+}
+
+#define STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE (1024 * 16)
+
 static int write_zip_entry(struct archiver_args *args,
-		const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen,
-		unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size)
+			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   const char *path, size_t pathlen,
+			   unsigned int mode)
 {
 	struct zip_local_header header;
 	struct zip_dir_header dirent;
+	struct zip_extra_mtime extra;
 	unsigned long attr2;
 	unsigned long compressed_size;
-	unsigned long uncompressed_size;
 	unsigned long crc;
 	unsigned long direntsize;
 	int method;
 	unsigned char *out;
 	void *deflated = NULL;
+	void *buffer;
+	struct git_istream *stream = NULL;
+	unsigned long flags = 0;
+	unsigned long size;
 
 	crc = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
 
+	if (!has_only_ascii(path)) {
+		if (is_utf8(path))
+			flags |= ZIP_UTF8;
+		else
+			warning("Path is not valid UTF-8: %s", path);
+	}
+
 	if (pathlen > 0xffff) {
 		return error("path too long (%d chars, SHA1: %s): %s",
 				(int)pathlen, sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
@@ -146,24 +228,43 @@
 		method = 0;
 		attr2 = 16;
 		out = NULL;
-		uncompressed_size = 0;
+		size = 0;
 		compressed_size = 0;
+		buffer = NULL;
+		size = 0;
 	} else if (S_ISREG(mode) || S_ISLNK(mode)) {
+		enum object_type type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &size);
+
 		method = 0;
 		attr2 = S_ISLNK(mode) ? ((mode | 0777) << 16) :
 			(mode & 0111) ? ((mode) << 16) : 0;
-		if (S_ISREG(mode) && args->compression_level != 0)
+		if (S_ISREG(mode) && args->compression_level != 0 && size > 0)
 			method = 8;
-		crc = crc32(crc, buffer, size);
-		out = buffer;
-		uncompressed_size = size;
-		compressed_size = size;
+		compressed_size = (method == 0) ? size : 0;
+
+		if (S_ISREG(mode) && type == OBJ_BLOB && !args->convert &&
+		    size > big_file_threshold) {
+			stream = open_istream(sha1, &type, &size, NULL);
+			if (!stream)
+				return error("cannot stream blob %s",
+					     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			flags |= ZIP_STREAM;
+			out = buffer = NULL;
+		} else {
+			buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(args, path, sha1, mode,
+						      &type, &size);
+			if (!buffer)
+				return error("cannot read %s",
+					     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			crc = crc32(crc, buffer, size);
+			out = buffer;
+		}
 	} else {
 		return error("unsupported file mode: 0%o (SHA1: %s)", mode,
 				sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
-	if (method == 8) {
+	if (buffer && method == 8) {
 		deflated = zlib_deflate(buffer, size, args->compression_level,
 				&compressed_size);
 		if (deflated && compressed_size - 6 < size) {
@@ -177,8 +278,13 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	copy_le16(extra.magic, 0x5455);
+	copy_le16(extra.extra_size, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_PAYLOAD_SIZE);
+	extra.flags[0] = 1;	/* just mtime */
+	copy_le32(extra.mtime, args->time);
+
 	/* make sure we have enough free space in the dictionary */
-	direntsize = ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE + pathlen;
+	direntsize = ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE + pathlen + ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
 	while (zip_dir_size < zip_dir_offset + direntsize) {
 		zip_dir_size += ZIP_DIRECTORY_MIN_SIZE;
 		zip_dir = xrealloc(zip_dir, zip_dir_size);
@@ -188,47 +294,133 @@
 	copy_le16(dirent.creator_version,
 		S_ISLNK(mode) || (S_ISREG(mode) && (mode & 0111)) ? 0x0317 : 0);
 	copy_le16(dirent.version, 10);
-	copy_le16(dirent.flags, 0);
+	copy_le16(dirent.flags, flags);
 	copy_le16(dirent.compression_method, method);
 	copy_le16(dirent.mtime, zip_time);
 	copy_le16(dirent.mdate, zip_date);
-	copy_le32(dirent.crc32, crc);
-	copy_le32(dirent.compressed_size, compressed_size);
-	copy_le32(dirent.size, uncompressed_size);
+	set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
 	copy_le16(dirent.filename_length, pathlen);
-	copy_le16(dirent.extra_length, 0);
+	copy_le16(dirent.extra_length, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
 	copy_le16(dirent.comment_length, 0);
 	copy_le16(dirent.disk, 0);
 	copy_le16(dirent.attr1, 0);
 	copy_le32(dirent.attr2, attr2);
 	copy_le32(dirent.offset, zip_offset);
-	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, &dirent, ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE);
-	zip_dir_offset += ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE;
-	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, path, pathlen);
-	zip_dir_offset += pathlen;
-	zip_dir_entries++;
 
 	copy_le32(header.magic, 0x04034b50);
 	copy_le16(header.version, 10);
-	copy_le16(header.flags, 0);
+	copy_le16(header.flags, flags);
 	copy_le16(header.compression_method, method);
 	copy_le16(header.mtime, zip_time);
 	copy_le16(header.mdate, zip_date);
-	copy_le32(header.crc32, crc);
-	copy_le32(header.compressed_size, compressed_size);
-	copy_le32(header.size, uncompressed_size);
+	set_zip_header_data_desc(&header, size, compressed_size, crc);
 	copy_le16(header.filename_length, pathlen);
-	copy_le16(header.extra_length, 0);
+	copy_le16(header.extra_length, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
 	write_or_die(1, &header, ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE);
 	zip_offset += ZIP_LOCAL_HEADER_SIZE;
 	write_or_die(1, path, pathlen);
 	zip_offset += pathlen;
-	if (compressed_size > 0) {
+	write_or_die(1, &extra, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
+	zip_offset += ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	if (stream && method == 0) {
+		unsigned char buf[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE];
+		ssize_t readlen;
+
+		for (;;) {
+			readlen = read_istream(stream, buf, sizeof(buf));
+			if (readlen <= 0)
+				break;
+			crc = crc32(crc, buf, readlen);
+			write_or_die(1, buf, readlen);
+		}
+		close_istream(stream);
+		if (readlen)
+			return readlen;
+
+		compressed_size = size;
+		zip_offset += compressed_size;
+
+		write_zip_data_desc(size, compressed_size, crc);
+		zip_offset += ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
+
+		set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
+	} else if (stream && method == 8) {
+		unsigned char buf[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE];
+		ssize_t readlen;
+		git_zstream zstream;
+		int result;
+		size_t out_len;
+		unsigned char compressed[STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE * 2];
+
+		memset(&zstream, 0, sizeof(zstream));
+		git_deflate_init(&zstream, args->compression_level);
+
+		compressed_size = 0;
+		zstream.next_out = compressed;
+		zstream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
+
+		for (;;) {
+			readlen = read_istream(stream, buf, sizeof(buf));
+			if (readlen <= 0)
+				break;
+			crc = crc32(crc, buf, readlen);
+
+			zstream.next_in = buf;
+			zstream.avail_in = readlen;
+			result = git_deflate(&zstream, 0);
+			if (result != Z_OK)
+				die("deflate error (%d)", result);
+			out = compressed;
+			if (!compressed_size)
+				out += 2;
+			out_len = zstream.next_out - out;
+
+			if (out_len > 0) {
+				write_or_die(1, out, out_len);
+				compressed_size += out_len;
+				zstream.next_out = compressed;
+				zstream.avail_out = sizeof(compressed);
+			}
+
+		}
+		close_istream(stream);
+		if (readlen)
+			return readlen;
+
+		zstream.next_in = buf;
+		zstream.avail_in = 0;
+		result = git_deflate(&zstream, Z_FINISH);
+		if (result != Z_STREAM_END)
+			die("deflate error (%d)", result);
+
+		git_deflate_end(&zstream);
+		out = compressed;
+		if (!compressed_size)
+			out += 2;
+		out_len = zstream.next_out - out - 4;
+		write_or_die(1, out, out_len);
+		compressed_size += out_len;
+		zip_offset += compressed_size;
+
+		write_zip_data_desc(size, compressed_size, crc);
+		zip_offset += ZIP_DATA_DESC_SIZE;
+
+		set_zip_dir_data_desc(&dirent, size, compressed_size, crc);
+	} else if (compressed_size > 0) {
 		write_or_die(1, out, compressed_size);
 		zip_offset += compressed_size;
 	}
 
 	free(deflated);
+	free(buffer);
+
+	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, &dirent, ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE);
+	zip_dir_offset += ZIP_DIR_HEADER_SIZE;
+	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, path, pathlen);
+	zip_dir_offset += pathlen;
+	memcpy(zip_dir + zip_dir_offset, &extra, ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE);
+	zip_dir_offset += ZIP_EXTRA_MTIME_SIZE;
+	zip_dir_entries++;
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/archive.c b/archive.c
index 2ae740a..93e00bb 100644
--- a/archive.c
+++ b/archive.c
@@ -7,10 +7,10 @@
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 
 static char const * const archive_usage[] = {
-	"git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]",
-	"git archive --list",
-	"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]",
-	"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list",
+	N_("git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"),
+	N_("git archive --list"),
+	N_("git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"),
+	N_("git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -59,12 +59,15 @@
 	free(to_free);
 }
 
-static void *sha1_file_to_archive(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
-		unsigned long *sizep, const struct commit *commit)
+void *sha1_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
+			   const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
+			   unsigned long *sizep)
 {
 	void *buffer;
+	const struct commit *commit = args->convert ? args->commit : NULL;
 
+	path += args->baselen;
 	buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, sizep);
 	if (buffer && S_ISREG(mode)) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -109,45 +112,37 @@
 	write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry = c->write_entry;
 	struct git_attr_check check[2];
 	const char *path_without_prefix;
-	int convert = 0;
 	int err;
-	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned long size;
-	void *buffer;
 
+	args->convert = 0;
 	strbuf_reset(&path);
 	strbuf_grow(&path, PATH_MAX);
 	strbuf_add(&path, args->base, args->baselen);
 	strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
 	strbuf_addstr(&path, filename);
+	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode))
+		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
 	path_without_prefix = path.buf + args->baselen;
 
 	setup_archive_check(check);
 	if (!git_check_attr(path_without_prefix, ARRAY_SIZE(check), check)) {
 		if (ATTR_TRUE(check[0].value))
 			return 0;
-		convert = ATTR_TRUE(check[1].value);
+		args->convert = ATTR_TRUE(check[1].value);
 	}
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode) || S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
-		strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
 		if (args->verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
-		err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode, NULL, 0);
+		err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 		return (S_ISDIR(mode) ? READ_TREE_RECURSIVE : 0);
 	}
 
-	buffer = sha1_file_to_archive(path_without_prefix, sha1, mode,
-			&type, &size, convert ? args->commit : NULL);
-	if (!buffer)
-		return error("cannot read %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (args->verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)path.len, path.buf);
-	err = write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode, buffer, size);
-	free(buffer);
-	return err;
+	return write_entry(args, sha1, path.buf, path.len, mode);
 }
 
 int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args,
@@ -167,7 +162,7 @@
 		if (args->verbose)
 			fprintf(stderr, "%.*s\n", (int)len, args->base);
 		err = write_entry(args, args->tree->object.sha1, args->base,
-				len, 040777, NULL, 0);
+				  len, 040777);
 		if (err)
 			return err;
 	}
@@ -247,7 +242,8 @@
 }
 
 static void parse_treeish_arg(const char **argv,
-		struct archiver_args *ar_args, const char *prefix)
+		struct archiver_args *ar_args, const char *prefix,
+		int remote)
 {
 	const char *name = argv[0];
 	const unsigned char *commit_sha1;
@@ -256,6 +252,17 @@
 	const struct commit *commit;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
+	/* Remotes are only allowed to fetch actual refs */
+	if (remote) {
+		char *ref = NULL;
+		const char *colon = strchr(name, ':');
+		int refnamelen = colon ? colon - name : strlen(name);
+
+		if (!dwim_ref(name, refnamelen, sha1, &ref))
+			die("no such ref: %.*s", refnamelen, name);
+		free(ref);
+	}
+
 	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
 		die("Not a valid object name");
 
@@ -313,16 +320,16 @@
 	int worktree_attributes = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format, "fmt", "archive format"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &base, "prefix",
-			"prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"),
-		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, "file",
-			"write the archive to this file"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "format", &format, N_("fmt"), N_("archive format")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "prefix", &base, N_("prefix"),
+			N_("prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive")),
+		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, N_("file"),
+			N_("write the archive to this file")),
 		OPT_BOOL(0, "worktree-attributes", &worktree_attributes,
-			"read .gitattributes in working directory"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report archived files on stderr"),
-		OPT__COMPR('0', &compression_level, "store only", 0),
-		OPT__COMPR('1', &compression_level, "compress faster", 1),
+			N_("read .gitattributes in working directory")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("report archived files on stderr")),
+		OPT__COMPR('0', &compression_level, N_("store only"), 0),
+		OPT__COMPR('1', &compression_level, N_("compress faster"), 1),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('2', &compression_level, 2),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('3', &compression_level, 3),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('4', &compression_level, 4),
@@ -330,15 +337,15 @@
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('6', &compression_level, 6),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('7', &compression_level, 7),
 		OPT__COMPR_HIDDEN('8', &compression_level, 8),
-		OPT__COMPR('9', &compression_level, "compress better", 9),
+		OPT__COMPR('9', &compression_level, N_("compress better"), 9),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_BOOL('l', "list", &list,
-			"list supported archive formats"),
+			N_("list supported archive formats")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, "repo",
-			"retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, "cmd",
-			"path to the remote git-upload-archive command"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, N_("repo"),
+			N_("retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, N_("command"),
+			N_("path to the remote git-upload-archive command")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -414,7 +421,7 @@
 		setup_git_directory();
 	}
 
-	parse_treeish_arg(argv, &args, prefix);
+	parse_treeish_arg(argv, &args, prefix, remote);
 	parse_pathspec_arg(argv + 1, &args);
 
 	return ar->write_archive(ar, &args);
diff --git a/archive.h b/archive.h
index 2b0884f..895afcd 100644
--- a/archive.h
+++ b/archive.h
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 	const char **pathspec;
 	unsigned int verbose : 1;
 	unsigned int worktree_attributes : 1;
+	unsigned int convert : 1;
 	int compression_level;
 };
 
@@ -27,11 +28,18 @@
 extern void init_tar_archiver(void);
 extern void init_zip_archiver(void);
 
-typedef int (*write_archive_entry_fn_t)(struct archiver_args *args, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *path, size_t pathlen, unsigned int mode, void *buffer, unsigned long size);
+typedef int (*write_archive_entry_fn_t)(struct archiver_args *args,
+					const unsigned char *sha1,
+					const char *path, size_t pathlen,
+					unsigned int mode);
 
 extern int write_archive_entries(struct archiver_args *args, write_archive_entry_fn_t write_entry);
 extern int write_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int setup_prefix, const char *name_hint, int remote);
 
 const char *archive_format_from_filename(const char *filename);
+extern void *sha1_file_to_archive(const struct archiver_args *args,
+				  const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1,
+				  unsigned int mode, enum object_type *type,
+				  unsigned long *sizep);
 
 #endif	/* ARCHIVE_H */
diff --git a/argv-array.c b/argv-array.c
index a4e0420..9e960d5 100644
--- a/argv-array.c
+++ b/argv-array.c
@@ -2,8 +2,7 @@
 #include "argv-array.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 
-static const char *empty_argv_storage = NULL;
-const char **empty_argv = &empty_argv_storage;
+const char *empty_argv[] = { NULL };
 
 void argv_array_init(struct argv_array *array)
 {
@@ -39,13 +38,53 @@
 	argv_array_push_nodup(array, strbuf_detach(&v, NULL));
 }
 
+void argv_array_pushl(struct argv_array *array, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+	const char *arg;
+
+	va_start(ap, array);
+	while((arg = va_arg(ap, const char *)))
+		argv_array_push(array, arg);
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+void argv_array_pop(struct argv_array *array)
+{
+	if (!array->argc)
+		return;
+	free((char *)array->argv[array->argc - 1]);
+	array->argv[array->argc - 1] = NULL;
+	array->argc--;
+}
+
 void argv_array_clear(struct argv_array *array)
 {
 	if (array->argv != empty_argv) {
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < array->argc; i++)
-			free((char **)array->argv[i]);
+			free((char *)array->argv[i]);
 		free(array->argv);
 	}
 	argv_array_init(array);
 }
+
+const char **argv_array_detach(struct argv_array *array, int *argc)
+{
+	const char **argv =
+		array->argv == empty_argv || array->argc == 0 ? NULL : array->argv;
+	if (argc)
+		*argc = array->argc;
+	argv_array_init(array);
+	return argv;
+}
+
+void argv_array_free_detached(const char **argv)
+{
+	if (argv) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; argv[i]; i++)
+			free((char **)argv[i]);
+		free(argv);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/argv-array.h b/argv-array.h
index 74dd2b1..40248d4 100644
--- a/argv-array.h
+++ b/argv-array.h
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef ARGV_ARRAY_H
 #define ARGV_ARRAY_H
 
-extern const char **empty_argv;
+extern const char *empty_argv[];
 
 struct argv_array {
 	const char **argv;
@@ -15,6 +15,10 @@
 void argv_array_push(struct argv_array *, const char *);
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 void argv_array_pushf(struct argv_array *, const char *fmt, ...);
+void argv_array_pushl(struct argv_array *, ...);
+void argv_array_pop(struct argv_array *);
 void argv_array_clear(struct argv_array *);
+const char **argv_array_detach(struct argv_array *array, int *argc);
+void argv_array_free_detached(const char **argv);
 
 #endif /* ARGV_ARRAY_H */
diff --git a/attr.c b/attr.c
index 76b079f..4657cc2 100644
--- a/attr.c
+++ b/attr.c
@@ -115,6 +115,13 @@
 	const char *setto;
 };
 
+struct pattern {
+	const char *pattern;
+	int patternlen;
+	int nowildcardlen;
+	int flags;		/* EXC_FLAG_* */
+};
+
 /*
  * One rule, as from a .gitattributes file.
  *
@@ -131,7 +138,7 @@
  */
 struct match_attr {
 	union {
-		char *pattern;
+		struct pattern pat;
 		struct git_attr *attr;
 	} u;
 	char is_macro;
@@ -241,9 +248,16 @@
 	if (is_macro)
 		res->u.attr = git_attr_internal(name, namelen);
 	else {
-		res->u.pattern = (char *)&(res->state[num_attr]);
-		memcpy(res->u.pattern, name, namelen);
-		res->u.pattern[namelen] = 0;
+		char *p = (char *)&(res->state[num_attr]);
+		memcpy(p, name, namelen);
+		res->u.pat.pattern = p;
+		parse_exclude_pattern(&res->u.pat.pattern,
+				      &res->u.pat.patternlen,
+				      &res->u.pat.flags,
+				      &res->u.pat.nowildcardlen);
+		if (res->u.pat.flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE)
+			die(_("Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+			      "Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."));
 	}
 	res->is_macro = is_macro;
 	res->num_attr = num_attr;
@@ -270,13 +284,14 @@
  * (reading the file from top to bottom), .gitattribute of the root
  * directory (again, reading the file from top to bottom) down to the
  * current directory, and then scan the list backwards to find the first match.
- * This is exactly the same as what excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
+ * This is exactly the same as what is_excluded() does in dir.c to deal with
  * .gitignore
  */
 
 static struct attr_stack {
 	struct attr_stack *prev;
 	char *origin;
+	size_t originlen;
 	unsigned num_matches;
 	unsigned alloc;
 	struct match_attr **attrs;
@@ -301,11 +316,12 @@
 		}
 		free(a);
 	}
+	free(e->attrs);
 	free(e);
 }
 
 static const char *builtin_attr[] = {
-	"[attr]binary -diff -text",
+	"[attr]binary -diff -merge -text",
 	NULL,
 };
 
@@ -351,8 +367,11 @@
 	char buf[2048];
 	int lineno = 0;
 
-	if (!fp)
+	if (!fp) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+			warn_on_inaccessible(path);
 		return NULL;
+	}
 	res = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*res));
 	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), fp))
 		handle_attr_line(res, buf, path, ++lineno, macro_ok);
@@ -495,61 +514,62 @@
 
 static void bootstrap_attr_stack(void)
 {
-	if (!attr_stack) {
-		struct attr_stack *elem;
+	struct attr_stack *elem;
+	char *xdg_attributes_file;
 
-		elem = read_attr_from_array(builtin_attr);
-		elem->origin = NULL;
-		elem->prev = attr_stack;
-		attr_stack = elem;
+	if (attr_stack)
+		return;
 
-		if (git_attr_system()) {
-			elem = read_attr_from_file(git_etc_gitattributes(), 1);
-			if (elem) {
-				elem->origin = NULL;
-				elem->prev = attr_stack;
-				attr_stack = elem;
-			}
-		}
+	elem = read_attr_from_array(builtin_attr);
+	elem->origin = NULL;
+	elem->prev = attr_stack;
+	attr_stack = elem;
 
-		if (git_attributes_file) {
-			elem = read_attr_from_file(git_attributes_file, 1);
-			if (elem) {
-				elem->origin = NULL;
-				elem->prev = attr_stack;
-				attr_stack = elem;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
-			elem = read_attr(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
-			elem->origin = xstrdup("");
+	if (git_attr_system()) {
+		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_etc_gitattributes(), 1);
+		if (elem) {
+			elem->origin = NULL;
 			elem->prev = attr_stack;
 			attr_stack = elem;
-			debug_push(elem);
 		}
+	}
 
-		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_path(INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE), 1);
-		if (!elem)
-			elem = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*elem));
-		elem->origin = NULL;
+	if (!git_attributes_file) {
+		home_config_paths(NULL, &xdg_attributes_file, "attributes");
+		git_attributes_file = xdg_attributes_file;
+	}
+	if (git_attributes_file) {
+		elem = read_attr_from_file(git_attributes_file, 1);
+		if (elem) {
+			elem->origin = NULL;
+			elem->prev = attr_stack;
+			attr_stack = elem;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
+		elem = read_attr(GITATTRIBUTES_FILE, 1);
+		elem->origin = xstrdup("");
+		elem->originlen = 0;
 		elem->prev = attr_stack;
 		attr_stack = elem;
+		debug_push(elem);
 	}
+
+	elem = read_attr_from_file(git_path(INFOATTRIBUTES_FILE), 1);
+	if (!elem)
+		elem = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*elem));
+	elem->origin = NULL;
+	elem->prev = attr_stack;
+	attr_stack = elem;
 }
 
-static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path)
+static void prepare_attr_stack(const char *path, int dirlen)
 {
 	struct attr_stack *elem, *info;
-	int dirlen, len;
+	int len;
 	const char *cp;
 
-	cp = strrchr(path, '/');
-	if (!cp)
-		dirlen = 0;
-	else
-		dirlen = cp - path;
-
 	/*
 	 * At the bottom of the attribute stack is the built-in
 	 * set of attribute definitions, followed by the contents
@@ -575,14 +595,17 @@
 
 	/*
 	 * Pop the ones from directories that are not the prefix of
-	 * the path we are checking.
+	 * the path we are checking. Break out of the loop when we see
+	 * the root one (whose origin is an empty string "") or the builtin
+	 * one (whose origin is NULL) without popping it.
 	 */
-	while (attr_stack && attr_stack->origin) {
+	while (attr_stack->origin) {
 		int namelen = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
 
 		elem = attr_stack;
 		if (namelen <= dirlen &&
-		    !strncmp(elem->origin, path, namelen))
+		    !strncmp(elem->origin, path, namelen) &&
+		    (!namelen || path[namelen] == '/'))
 			break;
 
 		debug_pop(elem);
@@ -594,8 +617,15 @@
 	 * Read from parent directories and push them down
 	 */
 	if (!is_bare_repository() || direction == GIT_ATTR_INDEX) {
+		/*
+		 * bootstrap_attr_stack() should have added, and the
+		 * above loop should have stopped before popping, the
+		 * root element whose attr_stack->origin is set to an
+		 * empty string.
+		 */
 		struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+		assert(attr_stack->origin);
 		while (1) {
 			len = strlen(attr_stack->origin);
 			if (dirlen <= len)
@@ -608,7 +638,7 @@
 			strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, GITATTRIBUTES_FILE);
 			elem = read_attr(pathbuf.buf, 0);
 			strbuf_setlen(&pathbuf, cp - path);
-			elem->origin = strbuf_detach(&pathbuf, NULL);
+			elem->origin = strbuf_detach(&pathbuf, &elem->originlen);
 			elem->prev = attr_stack;
 			attr_stack = elem;
 			debug_push(elem);
@@ -625,28 +655,26 @@
 }
 
 static int path_matches(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
-			const char *pattern,
+			const char *basename,
+			const struct pattern *pat,
 			const char *base, int baselen)
 {
-	if (!strchr(pattern, '/')) {
-		/* match basename */
-		const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
-		basename = basename ? basename + 1 : pathname;
-		return (fnmatch_icase(pattern, basename, 0) == 0);
-	}
-	/*
-	 * match with FNM_PATHNAME; the pattern has base implicitly
-	 * in front of it.
-	 */
-	if (*pattern == '/')
-		pattern++;
-	if (pathlen < baselen ||
-	    (baselen && pathname[baselen] != '/') ||
-	    strncmp(pathname, base, baselen))
+	const char *pattern = pat->pattern;
+	int prefix = pat->nowildcardlen;
+
+	if ((pat->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) &&
+	    ((!pathlen) || (pathname[pathlen-1] != '/')))
 		return 0;
-	if (baselen != 0)
-		baselen++;
-	return fnmatch_icase(pattern, pathname + baselen, FNM_PATHNAME) == 0;
+
+	if (pat->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
+		return match_basename(basename,
+				      pathlen - (basename - pathname),
+				      pattern, prefix,
+				      pat->patternlen, pat->flags);
+	}
+	return match_pathname(pathname, pathlen,
+			      base, baselen,
+			      pattern, prefix, pat->patternlen, pat->flags);
 }
 
 static int macroexpand_one(int attr_nr, int rem);
@@ -663,7 +691,7 @@
 
 		if (*n == ATTR__UNKNOWN) {
 			debug_set(what,
-				  a->is_macro ? a->u.attr->name : a->u.pattern,
+				  a->is_macro ? a->u.attr->name : a->u.pat.pattern,
 				  attr, v);
 			*n = v;
 			rem--;
@@ -673,7 +701,8 @@
 	return rem;
 }
 
-static int fill(const char *path, int pathlen, struct attr_stack *stk, int rem)
+static int fill(const char *path, int pathlen, const char *basename,
+		struct attr_stack *stk, int rem)
 {
 	int i;
 	const char *base = stk->origin ? stk->origin : "";
@@ -682,8 +711,8 @@
 		struct match_attr *a = stk->attrs[i];
 		if (a->is_macro)
 			continue;
-		if (path_matches(path, pathlen,
-				 a->u.pattern, base, strlen(base)))
+		if (path_matches(path, pathlen, basename,
+				 &a->u.pat, base, stk->originlen))
 			rem = fill_one("fill", a, rem);
 	}
 	return rem;
@@ -720,16 +749,29 @@
 static void collect_all_attrs(const char *path)
 {
 	struct attr_stack *stk;
-	int i, pathlen, rem;
+	int i, pathlen, rem, dirlen;
+	const char *basename, *cp, *last_slash = NULL;
 
-	prepare_attr_stack(path);
+	for (cp = path; *cp; cp++) {
+		if (*cp == '/' && cp[1])
+			last_slash = cp;
+	}
+	pathlen = cp - path;
+	if (last_slash) {
+		basename = last_slash + 1;
+		dirlen = last_slash - path;
+	} else {
+		basename = path;
+		dirlen = 0;
+	}
+
+	prepare_attr_stack(path, dirlen);
 	for (i = 0; i < attr_nr; i++)
 		check_all_attr[i].value = ATTR__UNKNOWN;
 
-	pathlen = strlen(path);
 	rem = attr_nr;
 	for (stk = attr_stack; 0 < rem && stk; stk = stk->prev)
-		rem = fill(path, pathlen, stk, rem);
+		rem = fill(path, pathlen, basename, stk, rem);
 }
 
 int git_check_attr(const char *path, int num, struct git_attr_check *check)
diff --git a/attr.h b/attr.h
index eb8ca0d..8b08d33 100644
--- a/attr.h
+++ b/attr.h
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 
 /*
  * Retrieve all attributes that apply to the specified path.  *num
- * will be set the the number of attributes on the path; **check will
+ * will be set to the number of attributes on the path; **check will
  * be set to point at a newly-allocated array of git_attr_check
  * objects describing the attributes and their values.  *check must be
  * free()ed by the caller.
diff --git a/bisect.c b/bisect.c
index 6e186e2..bd1b7b5 100644
--- a/bisect.c
+++ b/bisect.c
@@ -833,7 +833,7 @@
  */
 static void check_good_are_ancestors_of_bad(const char *prefix, int no_checkout)
 {
-	const char *filename = git_path("BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK");
+	char *filename = git_pathdup("BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK");
 	struct stat st;
 	int fd;
 
@@ -842,11 +842,11 @@
 
 	/* Check if file BISECT_ANCESTORS_OK exists. */
 	if (!stat(filename, &st) && S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		return;
+		goto done;
 
 	/* Bisecting with no good rev is ok. */
 	if (good_revs.nr == 0)
-		return;
+		goto done;
 
 	/* Check if all good revs are ancestor of the bad rev. */
 	if (check_ancestors(prefix))
@@ -859,6 +859,8 @@
 			filename, strerror(errno));
 	else
 		close(fd);
+ done:
+	free(filename);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -954,3 +956,41 @@
 	return bisect_checkout(bisect_rev_hex, no_checkout);
 }
 
+static inline int log2i(int n)
+{
+	int log2 = 0;
+
+	for (; n > 1; n >>= 1)
+		log2++;
+
+	return log2;
+}
+
+static inline int exp2i(int n)
+{
+	return 1 << n;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Estimate the number of bisect steps left (after the current step)
+ *
+ * For any x between 0 included and 2^n excluded, the probability for
+ * n - 1 steps left looks like:
+ *
+ * P(2^n + x) == (2^n - x) / (2^n + x)
+ *
+ * and P(2^n + x) < 0.5 means 2^n < 3x
+ */
+int estimate_bisect_steps(int all)
+{
+	int n, x, e;
+
+	if (all < 3)
+		return 0;
+
+	n = log2i(all);
+	e = exp2i(n);
+	x = all - e;
+
+	return (e < 3 * x) ? n : n - 1;
+}
diff --git a/bisect.h b/bisect.h
index 22f2e4d..2a6c831 100644
--- a/bisect.h
+++ b/bisect.h
@@ -11,17 +11,12 @@
 					  int *count,
 					  int *skipped_first);
 
-extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
-			      const char *format_cur,
-			      const char *format_last);
-
-/* bisect_show_flags flags in struct rev_list_info */
 #define BISECT_SHOW_ALL		(1<<0)
-#define BISECT_SHOW_TRIED	(1<<1)
+#define REV_LIST_QUIET		(1<<1)
 
 struct rev_list_info {
 	struct rev_info *revs;
-	int bisect_show_flags;
+	int flags;
 	int show_timestamp;
 	int hdr_termination;
 	const char *header_prefix;
diff --git a/block-sha1/sha1.c b/block-sha1/sha1.c
index c0054a0..a8d4bf9 100644
--- a/block-sha1/sha1.c
+++ b/block-sha1/sha1.c
@@ -101,8 +101,8 @@
  * Where do we get the source from? The first 16 iterations get it from
  * the input data, the next mix it from the 512-bit array.
  */
-#define SHA_SRC(t) get_be32(data + t)
-#define SHA_MIX(t) SHA_ROL(W(t+13) ^ W(t+8) ^ W(t+2) ^ W(t), 1)
+#define SHA_SRC(t) get_be32((unsigned char *) block + (t)*4)
+#define SHA_MIX(t) SHA_ROL(W((t)+13) ^ W((t)+8) ^ W((t)+2) ^ W(t), 1);
 
 #define SHA_ROUND(t, input, fn, constant, A, B, C, D, E) do { \
 	unsigned int TEMP = input(t); setW(t, TEMP); \
@@ -115,7 +115,7 @@
 #define T_40_59(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, ((B&C)+(D&(B^C))) , 0x8f1bbcdc, A, B, C, D, E )
 #define T_60_79(t, A, B, C, D, E) SHA_ROUND(t, SHA_MIX, (B^C^D) ,  0xca62c1d6, A, B, C, D, E )
 
-static void blk_SHA1_Block(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const unsigned int *data)
+static void blk_SHA1_Block(blk_SHA_CTX *ctx, const void *block)
 {
 	unsigned int A,B,C,D,E;
 	unsigned int array[16];
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
 	D = ctx->H[3];
 	E = ctx->H[4];
 
-	/* Round 1 - iterations 0-16 take their input from 'data' */
+	/* Round 1 - iterations 0-16 take their input from 'block' */
 	T_0_15( 0, A, B, C, D, E);
 	T_0_15( 1, E, A, B, C, D);
 	T_0_15( 2, D, E, A, B, C);
diff --git a/branch.c b/branch.c
index d809876..2bef1e7 100644
--- a/branch.c
+++ b/branch.c
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "commit.h"
-#include "sequencer.h"
 
 struct tracking {
 	struct refspec spec;
@@ -75,25 +74,33 @@
 		strbuf_addf(&key, "branch.%s.rebase", local);
 		git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&key);
 
 	if (flag & BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE) {
-		strbuf_reset(&key);
-
-		strbuf_addstr(&key, origin ? "remote" : "local");
-
-		/* Are we tracking a proper "branch"? */
-		if (remote_is_branch) {
-			strbuf_addf(&key, " branch %s", shortname);
-			if (origin)
-				strbuf_addf(&key, " from %s", origin);
-		}
+		if (remote_is_branch && origin)
+			printf(rebasing ?
+			       "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s by rebasing.\n" :
+			       "Branch %s set up to track remote branch %s from %s.\n",
+			       local, shortname, origin);
+		else if (remote_is_branch && !origin)
+			printf(rebasing ?
+			       "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s by rebasing.\n" :
+			       "Branch %s set up to track local branch %s.\n",
+			       local, shortname);
+		else if (!remote_is_branch && origin)
+			printf(rebasing ?
+			       "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s by rebasing.\n" :
+			       "Branch %s set up to track remote ref %s.\n",
+			       local, remote);
+		else if (!remote_is_branch && !origin)
+			printf(rebasing ?
+			       "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s by rebasing.\n" :
+			       "Branch %s set up to track local ref %s.\n",
+			       local, remote);
 		else
-			strbuf_addf(&key, " ref %s", remote);
-		printf("Branch %s set up to track %s%s.\n",
-		       local, key.buf,
-		       rebasing ? " by rebasing" : "");
+			die("BUG: impossible combination of %d and %p",
+			    remote_is_branch, origin);
 	}
-	strbuf_release(&key);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -102,9 +109,10 @@
  * config.
  */
 static int setup_tracking(const char *new_ref, const char *orig_ref,
-                          enum branch_track track)
+			  enum branch_track track, int quiet)
 {
 	struct tracking tracking;
+	int config_flags = quiet ? 0 : BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE;
 
 	if (strlen(new_ref) > 1024 - 7 - 7 - 1)
 		return error("Tracking not set up: name too long: %s",
@@ -129,13 +137,44 @@
 		return error("Not tracking: ambiguous information for ref %s",
 				orig_ref);
 
-	install_branch_config(BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE, new_ref, tracking.remote,
+	install_branch_config(config_flags, new_ref, tracking.remote,
 			      tracking.src ? tracking.src : orig_ref);
 
 	free(tracking.src);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct branch_desc_cb {
+	const char *config_name;
+	const char *value;
+};
+
+static int read_branch_desc_cb(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct branch_desc_cb *desc = cb;
+	if (strcmp(desc->config_name, var))
+		return 0;
+	free((char *)desc->value);
+	return git_config_string(&desc->value, var, value);
+}
+
+int read_branch_desc(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
+{
+	struct branch_desc_cb cb;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&name, "branch.%s.description", branch_name);
+	cb.config_name = name.buf;
+	cb.value = NULL;
+	if (git_config(read_branch_desc_cb, &cb) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&name);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (cb.value)
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, cb.value);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int validate_new_branchname(const char *name, struct strbuf *ref,
 			    int force, int attr_only)
 {
@@ -151,7 +190,7 @@
 		const char *head;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-		head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
+		head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 		if (!is_bare_repository() && head && !strcmp(head, ref->buf))
 			die("Cannot force update the current branch.");
 	}
@@ -160,7 +199,8 @@
 
 void create_branch(const char *head,
 		   const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog, enum branch_track track)
+		   int force, int reflog, int clobber_head,
+		   int quiet, enum branch_track track)
 {
 	struct ref_lock *lock = NULL;
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -175,7 +215,8 @@
 		explicit_tracking = 1;
 
 	if (validate_new_branchname(name, &ref, force,
-				    track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE)) {
+				    track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE ||
+				    clobber_head)) {
 		if (!force)
 			dont_change_ref = 1;
 		else
@@ -228,7 +269,7 @@
 			 start_name);
 
 	if (real_ref && track)
-		setup_tracking(ref.buf+11, real_ref, track);
+		setup_tracking(ref.buf+11, real_ref, track, quiet);
 
 	if (!dont_change_ref)
 		if (write_ref_sha1(lock, sha1, msg) < 0)
@@ -241,10 +282,10 @@
 void remove_branch_state(void)
 {
 	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+	unlink(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_RR"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
 	unlink(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
-	remove_sequencer_state(0);
 }
diff --git a/branch.h b/branch.h
index 1285158..64173ab 100644
--- a/branch.h
+++ b/branch.h
@@ -13,7 +13,8 @@
  * branch for (if any).
  */
 void create_branch(const char *head, const char *name, const char *start_name,
-		   int force, int reflog, enum branch_track track);
+		   int force, int reflog,
+		   int clobber_head, int quiet, enum branch_track track);
 
 /*
  * Validates that the requested branch may be created, returning the
@@ -46,4 +47,9 @@
 #define BRANCH_CONFIG_VERBOSE 01
 extern void install_branch_config(int flag, const char *local, const char *origin, const char *remote);
 
+/*
+ * Read branch description
+ */
+extern int read_branch_desc(struct strbuf *, const char *branch_name);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/builtin.h b/builtin.h
index 0e9da90..faef559 100644
--- a/builtin.h
+++ b/builtin.h
@@ -9,14 +9,19 @@
 
 #define DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN 20
 
-extern const char git_version_string[];
 extern const char git_usage_string[];
 extern const char git_more_info_string[];
 
 extern void prune_packed_objects(int);
+
+struct fmt_merge_msg_opts {
+	unsigned add_title:1,
+		credit_people:1;
+	int shortlog_len;
+};
+
 extern int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
-			 int merge_title, int shortlog_len);
-extern void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg);
+			 struct fmt_merge_msg_opts *);
 
 struct notes_rewrite_cfg {
 	struct notes_tree **trees;
@@ -28,15 +33,12 @@
 	int mode_from_env;
 };
 
-combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v);
 struct notes_rewrite_cfg *init_copy_notes_for_rewrite(const char *cmd);
 int copy_note_for_rewrite(struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c,
 			  const unsigned char *from_obj, const unsigned char *to_obj);
 void finish_copy_notes_for_rewrite(struct notes_rewrite_cfg *c);
 
-extern int check_pager_config(const char *cmd);
-
-extern int textconv_object(const char *path, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
+extern int textconv_object(const char *path, unsigned mode, const unsigned char *sha1, int sha1_valid, char **buf, unsigned long *buf_size);
 
 extern int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_annotate(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -50,15 +52,18 @@
 extern int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_checkout_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_check_attr(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_check_ignore(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_check_ref_format(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_cherry_pick(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_column(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_config(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_count_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_credential(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_describe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_diff_index(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -76,7 +81,6 @@
 extern int cmd_grep(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_hash_object(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_help(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_http_fetch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_index_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_init_db(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_log(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -101,7 +105,6 @@
 extern int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_pack_redundant(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_patch_id(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_pickaxe(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_prune_packed(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_push(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@
 extern int cmd_update_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_update_server_info(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
-extern int cmd_upload_tar(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
+extern int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_var(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
 extern int cmd_version(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix);
diff --git a/builtin/add.c b/builtin/add.c
index c59b0c9..7738025 100644
--- a/builtin/add.c
+++ b/builtin/add.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
@@ -13,9 +14,10 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "diffcore.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "bulk-checkin.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_add_usage[] = {
-	"git add [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	N_("git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 static int patch_interactive, add_interactive, edit_interactive;
@@ -96,39 +98,6 @@
 	return !!data.add_errors;
 }
 
-static void fill_pathspec_matches(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs)
-{
-	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
-
-	/*
-	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
-	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
-	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
-	 * anything.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++)
-		if (!seen[i])
-			num_unmatched++;
-	if (!num_unmatched)
-		return;
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen);
-	}
-}
-
-static char *find_used_pathspec(const char **pathspec)
-{
-	char *seen;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; pathspec[i];  i++)
-		; /* just counting */
-	seen = xcalloc(i, 1);
-	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, i);
-	return seen;
-}
-
 static char *prune_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec, int prefix)
 {
 	char *seen;
@@ -148,10 +117,14 @@
 			*dst++ = entry;
 	}
 	dir->nr = dst - dir->entries;
-	fill_pathspec_matches(pathspec, seen, specs);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen, specs);
 	return seen;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Checks the index to see whether any path in pathspec refers to
+ * something inside a submodule.  If so, dies with an error message.
+ */
 static void treat_gitlinks(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -159,24 +132,8 @@
 	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec)
 		return;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
-		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-			int len = ce_namelen(ce), j;
-			for (j = 0; pathspec[j]; j++) {
-				int len2 = strlen(pathspec[j]);
-				if (len2 <= len || pathspec[j][len] != '/' ||
-				    memcmp(ce->name, pathspec[j], len))
-					continue;
-				if (len2 == len + 1)
-					/* strip trailing slash */
-					pathspec[j] = xstrndup(ce->name, len);
-				else
-					die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
-						pathspec[j], len, ce->name);
-			}
-		}
-	}
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++)
+		pathspec[i] = check_path_for_gitlink(pathspec[i]);
 }
 
 static void refresh(int verbose, const char **pathspec)
@@ -196,17 +153,19 @@
         free(seen);
 }
 
-static const char **validate_pathspec(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+/*
+ * Normalizes argv relative to prefix, via get_pathspec(), and then
+ * runs die_if_path_beyond_symlink() on each path in the normalized
+ * list.
+ */
+static const char **validate_pathspec(const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
 	if (pathspec) {
 		const char **p;
 		for (p = pathspec; *p; p++) {
-			if (has_symlink_leading_path(*p, strlen(*p))) {
-				int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-				die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), *p + len);
-			}
+			die_if_path_beyond_symlink(*p, prefix);
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -247,7 +206,7 @@
 	const char **pathspec = NULL;
 
 	if (argc) {
-		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+		pathspec = validate_pathspec(argv, prefix);
 		if (!pathspec)
 			return -1;
 	}
@@ -259,7 +218,7 @@
 
 static int edit_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	char *file = xstrdup(git_path("ADD_EDIT.patch"));
+	char *file = git_pathdup("ADD_EDIT.patch");
 	const char *apply_argv[] = { "apply", "--recount", "--cached",
 		NULL, NULL };
 	struct child_process child;
@@ -279,7 +238,8 @@
 
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0644);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, IGNORE_DIRTY_SUBMODULES);
+	out = open(file, O_CREAT | O_WRONLY, 0666);
 	if (out < 0)
 		die (_("Could not open '%s' for writing."), file);
 	rev.diffopt.file = xfdopen(out, "w");
@@ -301,6 +261,7 @@
 		die (_("Could not apply '%s'"), file);
 
 	unlink(file);
+	free(file);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -313,19 +274,19 @@
 static int ignore_add_errors, addremove, intent_to_add, ignore_missing = 0;
 
 static struct option builtin_add_options[] = {
-	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 	OPT_GROUP(""),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, "interactive picking"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "select hunks interactively"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, "edit current diff and apply"),
-	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, "allow adding otherwise ignored files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, "update tracked files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, "record only the fact that the path will be added later"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, "don't add, only refresh the index"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "interactive", &add_interactive, N_("interactive picking")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("select hunks interactively")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_interactive, N_("edit current diff and apply")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&ignored_too, N_("allow adding otherwise ignored files")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update", &take_worktree_changes, N_("update tracked files")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('N', "intent-to-add", &intent_to_add, N_("record only the fact that the path will be added later")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('A', "all", &addremove, N_("add changes from all tracked and untracked files")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "refresh", &refresh_only, N_("don't add, only refresh the index")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-errors", &ignore_add_errors, N_("just skip files which cannot be added because of errors")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-missing", &ignore_missing, N_("check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -360,6 +321,35 @@
 	return exit_status;
 }
 
+static void warn_pathless_add(const char *option_name, const char *short_name) {
+	/*
+	 * To be consistent with "git add -p" and most Git
+	 * commands, we should default to being tree-wide, but
+	 * this is not the original behavior and can't be
+	 * changed until users trained themselves not to type
+	 * "git add -u" or "git add -A". For now, we warn and
+	 * keep the old behavior. Later, this warning can be
+	 * turned into a die(...), and eventually we may
+	 * reallow the command with a new behavior.
+	 */
+	warning(_("The behavior of 'git add %s (or %s)' with no path argument from a\n"
+		  "subdirectory of the tree will change in Git 2.0 and should not be used anymore.\n"
+		  "To add content for the whole tree, run:\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "  git add %s :/\n"
+		  "  (or git add %s :/)\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "To restrict the command to the current directory, run:\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "  git add %s .\n"
+		  "  (or git add %s .)\n"
+		  "\n"
+		  "With the current Git version, the command is restricted to the current directory."),
+		option_name, short_name,
+		option_name, short_name,
+		option_name, short_name);
+}
+
 int cmd_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int exit_status = 0;
@@ -370,6 +360,8 @@
 	int add_new_files;
 	int require_pathspec;
 	char *seen = NULL;
+	const char *option_with_implicit_dot = NULL;
+	const char *short_option_with_implicit_dot = NULL;
 
 	git_config(add_config, NULL);
 
@@ -389,8 +381,19 @@
 		die(_("-A and -u are mutually incompatible"));
 	if (!show_only && ignore_missing)
 		die(_("Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"));
-	if ((addremove || take_worktree_changes) && !argc) {
+	if (addremove) {
+		option_with_implicit_dot = "--all";
+		short_option_with_implicit_dot = "-A";
+	}
+	if (take_worktree_changes) {
+		option_with_implicit_dot = "--update";
+		short_option_with_implicit_dot = "-u";
+	}
+	if (option_with_implicit_dot && !argc) {
 		static const char *here[2] = { ".", NULL };
+		if (prefix)
+			warn_pathless_add(option_with_implicit_dot,
+					  short_option_with_implicit_dot);
 		argc = 1;
 		argv = here;
 	}
@@ -412,7 +415,7 @@
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"));
 		return 0;
 	}
-	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argc, argv, prefix);
+	pathspec = validate_pathspec(argv, prefix);
 
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
@@ -441,14 +444,17 @@
 
 	if (pathspec) {
 		int i;
+		struct path_exclude_check check;
+
+		path_exclude_check_init(&check, &dir);
 		if (!seen)
-			seen = find_used_pathspec(pathspec);
+			seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(pathspec);
 		for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++) {
 			if (!seen[i] && pathspec[i][0]
 			    && !file_exists(pathspec[i])) {
 				if (ignore_missing) {
 					int dtype = DT_UNKNOWN;
-					if (excluded(&dir, pathspec[i], &dtype))
+					if (is_path_excluded(&check, pathspec[i], -1, &dtype))
 						dir_add_ignored(&dir, pathspec[i], strlen(pathspec[i]));
 				} else
 					die(_("pathspec '%s' did not match any files"),
@@ -456,13 +462,18 @@
 			}
 		}
 		free(seen);
+		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
 	}
 
+	plug_bulk_checkin();
+
 	exit_status |= add_files_to_cache(prefix, pathspec, flags);
 
 	if (add_new_files)
 		exit_status |= add_files(&dir, flags);
 
+	unplug_bulk_checkin();
+
  finish:
 	if (active_cache_changed) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
diff --git a/builtin/apply.c b/builtin/apply.c
index 84a8a0b..6c11e8b 100644
--- a/builtin/apply.c
+++ b/builtin/apply.c
@@ -14,7 +14,11 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "diff.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "xdiff-interface.h"
+#include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
 
 /*
  *  --check turns on checking that the working tree matches the
@@ -45,11 +49,12 @@
 static int apply_verbosely;
 static int allow_overlap;
 static int no_add;
+static int threeway;
 static const char *fake_ancestor;
 static int line_termination = '\n';
 static unsigned int p_context = UINT_MAX;
 static const char * const apply_usage[] = {
-	"git apply [options] [<patch>...]",
+	N_("git apply [options] [<patch>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -102,7 +107,7 @@
 		ws_error_action = correct_ws_error;
 		return;
 	}
-	die("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'", option);
+	die(_("unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"), option);
 }
 
 static void parse_ignorewhitespace_option(const char *option)
@@ -117,7 +122,7 @@
 		ws_ignore_action = ignore_ws_change;
 		return;
 	}
-	die("unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'", option);
+	die(_("unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"), option);
 }
 
 static void set_default_whitespace_mode(const char *whitespace_option)
@@ -151,9 +156,14 @@
 	unsigned long leading, trailing;
 	unsigned long oldpos, oldlines;
 	unsigned long newpos, newlines;
+	/*
+	 * 'patch' is usually borrowed from buf in apply_patch(),
+	 * but some codepaths store an allocated buffer.
+	 */
 	const char *patch;
+	unsigned free_patch:1,
+		rejected:1;
 	int size;
-	int rejected;
 	int linenr;
 	struct fragment *next;
 };
@@ -178,7 +188,6 @@
 	int is_new, is_delete;	/* -1 = unknown, 0 = false, 1 = true */
 	int rejected;
 	unsigned ws_rule;
-	unsigned long deflate_origlen;
 	int lines_added, lines_deleted;
 	int score;
 	unsigned int is_toplevel_relative:1;
@@ -187,14 +196,49 @@
 	unsigned int is_copy:1;
 	unsigned int is_rename:1;
 	unsigned int recount:1;
+	unsigned int conflicted_threeway:1;
+	unsigned int direct_to_threeway:1;
 	struct fragment *fragments;
 	char *result;
 	size_t resultsize;
 	char old_sha1_prefix[41];
 	char new_sha1_prefix[41];
 	struct patch *next;
+
+	/* three-way fallback result */
+	unsigned char threeway_stage[3][20];
 };
 
+static void free_fragment_list(struct fragment *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct fragment *next = list->next;
+		if (list->free_patch)
+			free((char *)list->patch);
+		free(list);
+		list = next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void free_patch(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
+	free(patch->def_name);
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	free(patch->result);
+	free(patch);
+}
+
+static void free_patch_list(struct patch *list)
+{
+	while (list) {
+		struct patch *next = list->next;
+		free_patch(list);
+		list = next;
+	}
+}
+
 /*
  * A line in a file, len-bytes long (includes the terminating LF,
  * except for an incomplete line at the end if the file ends with
@@ -250,9 +294,6 @@
 	const char *last2 = s2 + n2 - 1;
 	int result = 0;
 
-	if (n1 < 0 || n2 < 0)
-		return 0;
-
 	/* ignore line endings */
 	while ((*last1 == '\r') || (*last1 == '\n'))
 		last1--;
@@ -304,6 +345,11 @@
 	img->nr++;
 }
 
+/*
+ * "buf" has the file contents to be patched (read from various sources).
+ * attach it to "image" and add line-based index to it.
+ * "image" now owns the "buf".
+ */
 static void prepare_image(struct image *image, char *buf, size_t len,
 			  int prepare_linetable)
 {
@@ -333,29 +379,31 @@
 static void clear_image(struct image *image)
 {
 	free(image->buf);
-	image->buf = NULL;
-	image->len = 0;
+	free(image->line_allocated);
+	memset(image, 0, sizeof(*image));
 }
 
-static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *pre,
-			   struct patch *patch, const char *post)
+/* fmt must contain _one_ %s and no other substitution */
+static void say_patch_name(FILE *output, const char *fmt, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	fputs(pre, output);
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 	if (patch->old_name && patch->new_name &&
 	    strcmp(patch->old_name, patch->new_name)) {
-		quote_c_style(patch->old_name, NULL, output, 0);
-		fputs(" => ", output);
-		quote_c_style(patch->new_name, NULL, output, 0);
+		quote_c_style(patch->old_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
+		strbuf_addstr(&sb, " => ");
+		quote_c_style(patch->new_name, &sb, NULL, 0);
 	} else {
 		const char *n = patch->new_name;
 		if (!n)
 			n = patch->old_name;
-		quote_c_style(n, NULL, output, 0);
+		quote_c_style(n, &sb, NULL, 0);
 	}
-	fputs(post, output);
+	fprintf(output, fmt, sb.buf);
+	fputc('\n', output);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-#define CHUNKSIZE (8192)
 #define SLOP (16)
 
 static void read_patch_file(struct strbuf *sb, int fd)
@@ -418,7 +466,7 @@
 	return name;
 }
 
-static char *find_name_gnu(const char *line, char *def, int p_value)
+static char *find_name_gnu(const char *line, const char *def, int p_value)
 {
 	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *cp;
@@ -441,11 +489,7 @@
 		cp++;
 	}
 
-	/* name can later be freed, so we need
-	 * to memmove, not just return cp
-	 */
 	strbuf_remove(&name, 0, cp - name.buf);
-	free(def);
 	if (root)
 		strbuf_insert(&name, 0, root, root_len);
 	return squash_slash(strbuf_detach(&name, NULL));
@@ -610,8 +654,13 @@
 	return line + len - end;
 }
 
-static char *find_name_common(const char *line, char *def, int p_value,
-				const char *end, int terminate)
+static char *null_strdup(const char *s)
+{
+	return s ? xstrdup(s) : NULL;
+}
+
+static char *find_name_common(const char *line, const char *def,
+			      int p_value, const char *end, int terminate)
 {
 	int len;
 	const char *start = NULL;
@@ -632,10 +681,10 @@
 			start = line;
 	}
 	if (!start)
-		return squash_slash(def);
+		return squash_slash(null_strdup(def));
 	len = line - start;
 	if (!len)
-		return squash_slash(def);
+		return squash_slash(null_strdup(def));
 
 	/*
 	 * Generally we prefer the shorter name, especially
@@ -646,8 +695,7 @@
 	if (def) {
 		int deflen = strlen(def);
 		if (deflen < len && !strncmp(start, def, deflen))
-			return squash_slash(def);
-		free(def);
+			return squash_slash(xstrdup(def));
 	}
 
 	if (root) {
@@ -772,7 +820,7 @@
 	if (!stamp) {
 		stamp = xmalloc(sizeof(*stamp));
 		if (regcomp(stamp, stamp_regexp, REG_EXTENDED)) {
-			warning("Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s",
+			warning(_("Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"),
 				stamp_regexp);
 			return 0;
 		}
@@ -781,7 +829,7 @@
 	status = regexec(stamp, timestamp, ARRAY_SIZE(m), m, 0);
 	if (status) {
 		if (status != REG_NOMATCH)
-			warning("regexec returned %d for input: %s",
+			warning(_("regexec returned %d for input: %s"),
 				status, timestamp);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -844,8 +892,10 @@
 		name = find_name_traditional(first, NULL, p_value);
 		patch->old_name = name;
 	} else {
-		name = find_name_traditional(first, NULL, p_value);
-		name = find_name_traditional(second, name, p_value);
+		char *first_name;
+		first_name = find_name_traditional(first, NULL, p_value);
+		name = find_name_traditional(second, first_name, p_value);
+		free(first_name);
 		if (has_epoch_timestamp(first)) {
 			patch->is_new = 1;
 			patch->is_delete = 0;
@@ -855,11 +905,12 @@
 			patch->is_delete = 1;
 			patch->old_name = name;
 		} else {
-			patch->old_name = patch->new_name = name;
+			patch->old_name = name;
+			patch->new_name = xstrdup(name);
 		}
 	}
 	if (!name)
-		die("unable to find filename in patch at line %d", linenr);
+		die(_("unable to find filename in patch at line %d"), linenr);
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_hdrend(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
@@ -876,7 +927,10 @@
  * their names against any previous information, just
  * to make sure..
  */
-static char *gitdiff_verify_name(const char *line, int isnull, char *orig_name, const char *oldnew)
+#define DIFF_OLD_NAME 0
+#define DIFF_NEW_NAME 1
+
+static char *gitdiff_verify_name(const char *line, int isnull, char *orig_name, int side)
 {
 	if (!orig_name && !isnull)
 		return find_name(line, NULL, p_value, TERM_TAB);
@@ -888,30 +942,40 @@
 		name = orig_name;
 		len = strlen(name);
 		if (isnull)
-			die("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d", name, linenr);
+			die(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"), name, linenr);
 		another = find_name(line, NULL, p_value, TERM_TAB);
 		if (!another || memcmp(another, name, len + 1))
-			die("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent %s filename on line %d", oldnew, linenr);
+			die((side == DIFF_NEW_NAME) ?
+			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d") :
+			    _("git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"), linenr);
 		free(another);
 		return orig_name;
 	}
 	else {
 		/* expect "/dev/null" */
 		if (memcmp("/dev/null", line, 9) || line[9] != '\n')
-			die("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d", linenr);
+			die(_("git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"), linenr);
 		return NULL;
 	}
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_oldname(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	patch->old_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_new, patch->old_name, "old");
+	char *orig = patch->old_name;
+	patch->old_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_new, patch->old_name,
+					      DIFF_OLD_NAME);
+	if (orig != patch->old_name)
+		free(orig);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_newname(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
-	patch->new_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_delete, patch->new_name, "new");
+	char *orig = patch->new_name;
+	patch->new_name = gitdiff_verify_name(line, patch->is_delete, patch->new_name,
+					      DIFF_NEW_NAME);
+	if (orig != patch->new_name)
+		free(orig);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -930,20 +994,23 @@
 static int gitdiff_delete(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_delete = 1;
-	patch->old_name = patch->def_name;
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	patch->old_name = null_strdup(patch->def_name);
 	return gitdiff_oldmode(line, patch);
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_newfile(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_new = 1;
-	patch->new_name = patch->def_name;
+	free(patch->new_name);
+	patch->new_name = null_strdup(patch->def_name);
 	return gitdiff_newmode(line, patch);
 }
 
 static int gitdiff_copysrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_copy = 1;
+	free(patch->old_name);
 	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -951,6 +1018,7 @@
 static int gitdiff_copydst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_copy = 1;
+	free(patch->new_name);
 	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -958,6 +1026,7 @@
 static int gitdiff_renamesrc(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_rename = 1;
+	free(patch->old_name);
 	patch->old_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -965,6 +1034,7 @@
 static int gitdiff_renamedst(const char *line, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	patch->is_rename = 1;
+	free(patch->new_name);
 	patch->new_name = find_name(line, NULL, p_value ? p_value - 1 : 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -1025,15 +1095,23 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static const char *stop_at_slash(const char *line, int llen)
+/*
+ * Skip p_value leading components from "line"; as we do not accept
+ * absolute paths, return NULL in that case.
+ */
+static const char *skip_tree_prefix(const char *line, int llen)
 {
-	int nslash = p_value;
+	int nslash;
 	int i;
 
+	if (!p_value)
+		return (llen && line[0] == '/') ? NULL : line;
+
+	nslash = p_value;
 	for (i = 0; i < llen; i++) {
 		int ch = line[i];
 		if (ch == '/' && --nslash <= 0)
-			return &line[i];
+			return (i == 0) ? NULL : &line[i + 1];
 	}
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1046,7 +1124,7 @@
  * creation or deletion of an empty file.  In any of these cases,
  * both sides are the same name under a/ and b/ respectively.
  */
-static char *git_header_name(char *line, int llen)
+static char *git_header_name(const char *line, int llen)
 {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *second = NULL;
@@ -1063,12 +1141,11 @@
 		if (unquote_c_style(&first, line, &second))
 			goto free_and_fail1;
 
-		/* advance to the first slash */
-		cp = stop_at_slash(first.buf, first.len);
-		/* we do not accept absolute paths */
-		if (!cp || cp == first.buf)
+		/* strip the a/b prefix including trailing slash */
+		cp = skip_tree_prefix(first.buf, first.len);
+		if (!cp)
 			goto free_and_fail1;
-		strbuf_remove(&first, 0, cp + 1 - first.buf);
+		strbuf_remove(&first, 0, cp - first.buf);
 
 		/*
 		 * second points at one past closing dq of name.
@@ -1082,22 +1159,21 @@
 		if (*second == '"') {
 			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
 				goto free_and_fail1;
-			cp = stop_at_slash(sp.buf, sp.len);
-			if (!cp || cp == sp.buf)
+			cp = skip_tree_prefix(sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!cp)
 				goto free_and_fail1;
 			/* They must match, otherwise ignore */
-			if (strcmp(cp + 1, first.buf))
+			if (strcmp(cp, first.buf))
 				goto free_and_fail1;
 			strbuf_release(&sp);
 			return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
 		}
 
 		/* unquoted second */
-		cp = stop_at_slash(second, line + llen - second);
-		if (!cp || cp == second)
+		cp = skip_tree_prefix(second, line + llen - second);
+		if (!cp)
 			goto free_and_fail1;
-		cp++;
-		if (line + llen - cp != first.len + 1 ||
+		if (line + llen - cp != first.len ||
 		    memcmp(first.buf, cp, first.len))
 			goto free_and_fail1;
 		return strbuf_detach(&first, NULL);
@@ -1109,10 +1185,9 @@
 	}
 
 	/* unquoted first name */
-	name = stop_at_slash(line, llen);
-	if (!name || name == line)
+	name = skip_tree_prefix(line, llen);
+	if (!name)
 		return NULL;
-	name++;
 
 	/*
 	 * since the first name is unquoted, a dq if exists must be
@@ -1126,10 +1201,9 @@
 			if (unquote_c_style(&sp, second, NULL))
 				goto free_and_fail2;
 
-			np = stop_at_slash(sp.buf, sp.len);
-			if (!np || np == sp.buf)
+			np = skip_tree_prefix(sp.buf, sp.len);
+			if (!np)
 				goto free_and_fail2;
-			np++;
 
 			len = sp.buf + sp.len - np;
 			if (len < second - name &&
@@ -1161,19 +1235,33 @@
 		case '\n':
 			return NULL;
 		case '\t': case ' ':
-			second = stop_at_slash(name + len, line_len - len);
+			/*
+			 * Is this the separator between the preimage
+			 * and the postimage pathname?  Again, we are
+			 * only interested in the case where there is
+			 * no rename, as this is only to set def_name
+			 * and a rename patch has the names elsewhere
+			 * in an unambiguous form.
+			 */
+			if (!name[len + 1])
+				return NULL; /* no postimage name */
+			second = skip_tree_prefix(name + len + 1,
+						  line_len - (len + 1));
 			if (!second)
 				return NULL;
-			second++;
-			if (second[len] == '\n' && !strncmp(name, second, len)) {
+			/*
+			 * Does len bytes starting at "name" and "second"
+			 * (that are separated by one HT or SP we just
+			 * found) exactly match?
+			 */
+			if (second[len] == '\n' && !strncmp(name, second, len))
 				return xmemdupz(name, len);
-			}
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 /* Verify that we recognize the lines following a git header */
-static int parse_git_header(char *line, int len, unsigned int size, struct patch *patch)
+static int parse_git_header(const char *line, int len, unsigned int size, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	unsigned long offset;
 
@@ -1289,7 +1377,7 @@
 	return offset + ex;
 }
 
-static void recount_diff(char *line, int size, struct fragment *fragment)
+static void recount_diff(const char *line, int size, struct fragment *fragment)
 {
 	int oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, ret = 0;
 
@@ -1329,7 +1417,7 @@
 			break;
 		}
 		if (ret) {
-			warning("recount: unexpected line: %.*s",
+			warning(_("recount: unexpected line: %.*s"),
 				(int)linelen(line, size), line);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -1343,7 +1431,7 @@
  * Parse a unified diff fragment header of the
  * form "@@ -a,b +c,d @@"
  */
-static int parse_fragment_header(char *line, int len, struct fragment *fragment)
+static int parse_fragment_header(const char *line, int len, struct fragment *fragment)
 {
 	int offset;
 
@@ -1357,7 +1445,7 @@
 	return offset;
 }
 
-static int find_header(char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patch *patch)
+static int find_header(const char *line, unsigned long size, int *hdrsize, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	unsigned long offset, len;
 
@@ -1386,7 +1474,7 @@
 			struct fragment dummy;
 			if (parse_fragment_header(line, len, &dummy) < 0)
 				continue;
-			die("patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s",
+			die(_("patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"),
 			    linenr, (int)len-1, line);
 		}
 
@@ -1403,9 +1491,14 @@
 				continue;
 			if (!patch->old_name && !patch->new_name) {
 				if (!patch->def_name)
-					die("git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
-					    "%d leading pathname components (line %d)" , p_value, linenr);
-				patch->old_name = patch->new_name = patch->def_name;
+					die(Q_("git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
+					       "%d leading pathname component (line %d)",
+					       "git diff header lacks filename information when removing "
+					       "%d leading pathname components (line %d)",
+					       p_value),
+					    p_value, linenr);
+				patch->old_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
+				patch->new_name = xstrdup(patch->def_name);
 			}
 			if (!patch->is_delete && !patch->new_name)
 				die("git diff header lacks filename information "
@@ -1468,7 +1561,7 @@
  * between a "---" that is part of a patch, and a "---" that starts
  * the next patch is to look at the line counts..
  */
-static int parse_fragment(char *line, unsigned long size,
+static int parse_fragment(const char *line, unsigned long size,
 			  struct patch *patch, struct fragment *fragment)
 {
 	int added, deleted;
@@ -1558,13 +1651,21 @@
 	patch->lines_deleted += deleted;
 
 	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
-		return error("new file depends on old contents");
+		return error(_("new file depends on old contents"));
 	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
-		return error("deleted file still has contents");
+		return error(_("deleted file still has contents"));
 	return offset;
 }
 
-static int parse_single_patch(char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
+/*
+ * We have seen "diff --git a/... b/..." header (or a traditional patch
+ * header).  Read hunks that belong to this patch into fragments and hang
+ * them to the given patch structure.
+ *
+ * The (fragment->patch, fragment->size) pair points into the memory given
+ * by the caller, not a copy, when we return.
+ */
+static int parse_single_patch(const char *line, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	unsigned long offset = 0;
 	unsigned long oldlines = 0, newlines = 0, context = 0;
@@ -1578,7 +1679,7 @@
 		fragment->linenr = linenr;
 		len = parse_fragment(line, size, patch, fragment);
 		if (len <= 0)
-			die("corrupt patch at line %d", linenr);
+			die(_("corrupt patch at line %d"), linenr);
 		fragment->patch = line;
 		fragment->size = len;
 		oldlines += fragment->oldlines;
@@ -1614,12 +1715,14 @@
 		patch->is_delete = 0;
 
 	if (0 < patch->is_new && oldlines)
-		die("new file %s depends on old contents", patch->new_name);
+		die(_("new file %s depends on old contents"), patch->new_name);
 	if (0 < patch->is_delete && newlines)
-		die("deleted file %s still has contents", patch->old_name);
+		die(_("deleted file %s still has contents"), patch->old_name);
 	if (!patch->is_delete && !newlines && context)
-		fprintf(stderr, "** warning: file %s becomes empty but "
-			"is not deleted\n", patch->new_name);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   _("** warning: "
+			     "file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"),
+			   patch->new_name);
 
 	return offset;
 }
@@ -1657,6 +1760,11 @@
 	return out;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Read a binary hunk and return a new fragment; fragment->patch
+ * points at an allocated memory that the caller must free, so
+ * it is marked as "->free_patch = 1".
+ */
 static struct fragment *parse_binary_hunk(char **buf_p,
 					  unsigned long *sz_p,
 					  int *status_p,
@@ -1744,6 +1852,7 @@
 
 	frag = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*frag));
 	frag->patch = inflate_it(data, hunk_size, origlen);
+	frag->free_patch = 1;
 	if (!frag->patch)
 		goto corrupt;
 	free(data);
@@ -1757,7 +1866,7 @@
  corrupt:
 	free(data);
 	*status_p = -1;
-	error("corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s",
+	error(_("corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"),
 	      linenr-1, llen-1, buffer);
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -1786,7 +1895,7 @@
 	forward = parse_binary_hunk(&buffer, &size, &status, &used);
 	if (!forward && !status)
 		/* there has to be one hunk (forward hunk) */
-		return error("unrecognized binary patch at line %d", linenr-1);
+		return error(_("unrecognized binary patch at line %d"), linenr-1);
 	if (status)
 		/* otherwise we already gave an error message */
 		return status;
@@ -1809,6 +1918,13 @@
 	return used;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Read the patch text in "buffer" taht extends for "size" bytes; stop
+ * reading after seeing a single patch (i.e. changes to a single file).
+ * Create fragments (i.e. patch hunks) and hang them to the given patch.
+ * Return the number of bytes consumed, so that the caller can call us
+ * again for the next patch.
+ */
 static int parse_chunk(char *buffer, unsigned long size, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	int hdrsize, patchsize;
@@ -1865,7 +1981,7 @@
 		 */
 		if ((apply || check) &&
 		    (!patch->is_binary && !metadata_changes(patch)))
-			die("patch with only garbage at line %d", linenr);
+			die(_("patch with only garbage at line %d"), linenr);
 	}
 
 	return offset + hdrsize + patchsize;
@@ -1955,11 +2071,11 @@
 	switch (st->st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 	case S_IFLNK:
 		if (strbuf_readlink(buf, path, st->st_size) < 0)
-			return error("unable to read symlink %s", path);
+			return error(_("unable to read symlink %s"), path);
 		return 0;
 	case S_IFREG:
 		if (strbuf_read_file(buf, path, st->st_size) != st->st_size)
-			return error("unable to open or read %s", path);
+			return error(_("unable to open or read %s"), path);
 		convert_to_git(path, buf->buf, buf->len, buf, 0);
 		return 0;
 	default:
@@ -1979,7 +2095,7 @@
 				   char *buf,
 				   size_t len, size_t postlen)
 {
-	int i, ctx;
+	int i, ctx, reduced;
 	char *new, *old, *fixed;
 	struct image fixed_preimage;
 
@@ -1989,8 +2105,10 @@
 	 * free "oldlines".
 	 */
 	prepare_image(&fixed_preimage, buf, len, 1);
-	assert(fixed_preimage.nr == preimage->nr);
-	for (i = 0; i < preimage->nr; i++)
+	assert(postlen
+	       ? fixed_preimage.nr == preimage->nr
+	       : fixed_preimage.nr <= preimage->nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < fixed_preimage.nr; i++)
 		fixed_preimage.line[i].flag = preimage->line[i].flag;
 	free(preimage->line_allocated);
 	*preimage = fixed_preimage;
@@ -2010,7 +2128,8 @@
 	else
 		new = old;
 	fixed = preimage->buf;
-	for (i = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
+
+	for (i = reduced = ctx = 0; i < postimage->nr; i++) {
 		size_t len = postimage->line[i].len;
 		if (!(postimage->line[i].flag & LINE_COMMON)) {
 			/* an added line -- no counterparts in preimage */
@@ -2029,8 +2148,15 @@
 			fixed += preimage->line[ctx].len;
 			ctx++;
 		}
-		if (preimage->nr <= ctx)
-			die("oops");
+
+		/*
+		 * preimage is expected to run out, if the caller
+		 * fixed addition of trailing blank lines.
+		 */
+		if (preimage->nr <= ctx) {
+			reduced++;
+			continue;
+		}
 
 		/* and copy it in, while fixing the line length */
 		len = preimage->line[ctx].len;
@@ -2043,6 +2169,7 @@
 
 	/* Fix the length of the whole thing */
 	postimage->len = new - postimage->buf;
+	postimage->nr -= reduced;
 }
 
 static int match_fragment(struct image *img,
@@ -2369,6 +2496,11 @@
 	img->len -= img->line[--img->nr].len;
 }
 
+/*
+ * The change from "preimage" and "postimage" has been found to
+ * apply at applied_pos (counts in line numbers) in "img".
+ * Update "img" to remove "preimage" and replace it with "postimage".
+ */
 static void update_image(struct image *img,
 			 int applied_pos,
 			 struct image *preimage,
@@ -2440,6 +2572,11 @@
 	img->nr = nr;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Use the patch-hunk text in "frag" to prepare two images (preimage and
+ * postimage) for the hunk.  Find lines that match "preimage" in "img" and
+ * replace the part of "img" with "postimage" text.
+ */
 static int apply_one_fragment(struct image *img, struct fragment *frag,
 			      int inaccurate_eof, unsigned ws_rule,
 			      int nth_fragment)
@@ -2542,7 +2679,7 @@
 			break;
 		default:
 			if (apply_verbosely)
-				error("invalid start of line: '%c'", first);
+				error(_("invalid start of line: '%c'"), first);
 			return -1;
 		}
 		if (added_blank_line) {
@@ -2659,9 +2796,11 @@
 			int offset = applied_pos - pos;
 			if (apply_in_reverse)
 				offset = 0 - offset;
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines).\n",
-				nth_fragment, applied_pos + 1, offset);
+			fprintf_ln(stderr,
+				   Q_("Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line).",
+				      "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines).",
+				      offset),
+				   nth_fragment, applied_pos + 1, offset);
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -2670,13 +2809,13 @@
 		 */
 		if ((leading != frag->leading) ||
 		    (trailing != frag->trailing))
-			fprintf(stderr, "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
-				" to apply fragment at %d\n",
-				leading, trailing, applied_pos+1);
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Context reduced to (%ld/%ld)"
+					     " to apply fragment at %d"),
+				   leading, trailing, applied_pos+1);
 		update_image(img, applied_pos, &preimage, &postimage);
 	} else {
 		if (apply_verbosely)
-			error("while searching for:\n%.*s",
+			error(_("while searching for:\n%.*s"),
 			      (int)(old - oldlines), oldlines);
 	}
 
@@ -2695,7 +2834,7 @@
 	void *dst;
 
 	if (!fragment)
-		return error("missing binary patch data for '%s'",
+		return error(_("missing binary patch data for '%s'"),
 			     patch->new_name ?
 			     patch->new_name :
 			     patch->old_name);
@@ -2730,6 +2869,12 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Replace "img" with the result of applying the binary patch.
+ * The binary patch data itself in patch->fragment is still kept
+ * but the preimage prepared by the caller in "img" is freed here
+ * or in the helper function apply_binary_fragment() this calls.
+ */
 static int apply_binary(struct image *img, struct patch *patch)
 {
 	const char *name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
@@ -2792,13 +2937,13 @@
 		 * in the patch->fragments->{patch,size}.
 		 */
 		if (apply_binary_fragment(img, patch))
-			return error("binary patch does not apply to '%s'",
+			return error(_("binary patch does not apply to '%s'"),
 				     name);
 
 		/* verify that the result matches */
 		hash_sha1_file(img->buf, img->len, blob_type, sha1);
 		if (strcmp(sha1_to_hex(sha1), patch->new_sha1_prefix))
-			return error("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)",
+			return error(_("binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"),
 				name, patch->new_sha1_prefix, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 
@@ -2819,7 +2964,7 @@
 	while (frag) {
 		nth++;
 		if (apply_one_fragment(img, frag, inaccurate_eof, ws_rule, nth)) {
-			error("patch failed: %s:%ld", name, frag->oldpos);
+			error(_("patch failed: %s:%ld"), name, frag->oldpos);
 			if (!apply_with_reject)
 				return -1;
 			frag->rejected = 1;
@@ -2829,20 +2974,17 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int read_file_or_gitlink(struct cache_entry *ce, struct strbuf *buf)
+static int read_blob_object(struct strbuf *buf, const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned mode)
 {
-	if (!ce)
-		return 0;
-
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		strbuf_grow(buf, 100);
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "Subproject commit %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	} else {
 		enum object_type type;
 		unsigned long sz;
 		char *result;
 
-		result = read_sha1_file(ce->sha1, &type, &sz);
+		result = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &sz);
 		if (!result)
 			return -1;
 		/* XXX read_sha1_file NUL-terminates */
@@ -2851,6 +2993,13 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int read_file_or_gitlink(struct cache_entry *ce, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	if (!ce)
+		return 0;
+	return read_blob_object(buf, ce->sha1, ce->ce_mode);
+}
+
 static struct patch *in_fn_table(const char *name)
 {
 	struct string_list_item *item;
@@ -2869,9 +3018,15 @@
  * item->util in the filename table records the status of the path.
  * Usually it points at a patch (whose result records the contents
  * of it after applying it), but it could be PATH_WAS_DELETED for a
- * path that a previously applied patch has already removed.
+ * path that a previously applied patch has already removed, or
+ * PATH_TO_BE_DELETED for a path that a later patch would remove.
+ *
+ * The latter is needed to deal with a case where two paths A and B
+ * are swapped by first renaming A to B and then renaming B to A;
+ * moving A to B should not be prevented due to presense of B as we
+ * will remove it in a later patch.
  */
- #define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
+#define PATH_TO_BE_DELETED ((struct patch *) -2)
 #define PATH_WAS_DELETED ((struct patch *) -1)
 
 static int to_be_deleted(struct patch *patch)
@@ -2923,61 +3078,384 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
+static int checkout_target(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	struct checkout costate;
+
+	memset(&costate, 0, sizeof(costate));
+	costate.base_dir = "";
+	costate.refresh_cache = 1;
+	if (checkout_entry(ce, &costate, NULL) || lstat(ce->name, st))
+		return error(_("cannot checkout %s"), ce->name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct patch *previous_patch(struct patch *patch, int *gone)
+{
+	struct patch *previous;
+
+	*gone = 0;
+	if (patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename)
+		return NULL; /* "git" patches do not depend on the order */
+
+	previous = in_fn_table(patch->old_name);
+	if (!previous)
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (to_be_deleted(previous))
+		return NULL; /* the deletion hasn't happened yet */
+
+	if (was_deleted(previous))
+		*gone = 1;
+
+	return previous;
+}
+
+static int verify_index_match(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return ce_match_stat(ce, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
+}
+
+#define SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX 1
+
+static int load_patch_target(struct strbuf *buf,
+			     struct cache_entry *ce,
+			     struct stat *st,
+			     const char *name,
+			     unsigned expected_mode)
+{
+	if (cached) {
+		if (read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf))
+			return error(_("read of %s failed"), name);
+	} else if (name) {
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(expected_mode)) {
+			if (ce)
+				return read_file_or_gitlink(ce, buf);
+			else
+				return SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX;
+		} else {
+			if (read_old_data(st, name, buf))
+				return error(_("read of %s failed"), name);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * We are about to apply "patch"; populate the "image" with the
+ * current version we have, from the working tree or from the index,
+ * depending on the situation e.g. --cached/--index.  If we are
+ * applying a non-git patch that incrementally updates the tree,
+ * we read from the result of a previous diff.
+ */
+static int load_preimage(struct image *image,
+			 struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct image image;
 	size_t len;
 	char *img;
-	struct patch *tpatch;
+	struct patch *previous;
+	int status;
 
-	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
-	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(patch->old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
-		if (was_deleted(tpatch)) {
-			return error("patch %s has been renamed/deleted",
-				patch->old_name);
-		}
-		/* We have a patched copy in memory use that */
-		strbuf_add(&buf, tpatch->result, tpatch->resultsize);
-	} else if (cached) {
-		if (read_file_or_gitlink(ce, &buf))
-			return error("read of %s failed", patch->old_name);
-	} else if (patch->old_name) {
-		if (S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode)) {
-			if (ce) {
-				read_file_or_gitlink(ce, &buf);
-			} else {
-				/*
-				 * There is no way to apply subproject
-				 * patch without looking at the index.
-				 */
-				patch->fragments = NULL;
-			}
-		} else {
-			if (read_old_data(st, patch->old_name, &buf))
-				return error("read of %s failed", patch->old_name);
+	previous = previous_patch(patch, &status);
+	if (status)
+		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"),
+			     patch->old_name);
+	if (previous) {
+		/* We have a patched copy in memory; use that. */
+		strbuf_add(&buf, previous->result, previous->resultsize);
+	} else {
+		status = load_patch_target(&buf, ce, st,
+					   patch->old_name, patch->old_mode);
+		if (status < 0)
+			return status;
+		else if (status == SUBMODULE_PATCH_WITHOUT_INDEX) {
+			/*
+			 * There is no way to apply subproject
+			 * patch without looking at the index.
+			 * NEEDSWORK: shouldn't this be flagged
+			 * as an error???
+			 */
+			free_fragment_list(patch->fragments);
+			patch->fragments = NULL;
+		} else if (status) {
+			return error(_("read of %s failed"), patch->old_name);
 		}
 	}
 
 	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
-	prepare_image(&image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
+	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	if (apply_fragments(&image, patch) < 0)
-		return -1; /* note with --reject this succeeds. */
+static int three_way_merge(struct image *image,
+			   char *path,
+			   const unsigned char *base,
+			   const unsigned char *ours,
+			   const unsigned char *theirs)
+{
+	mmfile_t base_file, our_file, their_file;
+	mmbuffer_t result = { NULL };
+	int status;
+
+	read_mmblob(&base_file, base);
+	read_mmblob(&our_file, ours);
+	read_mmblob(&their_file, theirs);
+	status = ll_merge(&result, path,
+			  &base_file, "base",
+			  &our_file, "ours",
+			  &their_file, "theirs", NULL);
+	free(base_file.ptr);
+	free(our_file.ptr);
+	free(their_file.ptr);
+	if (status < 0 || !result.ptr) {
+		free(result.ptr);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	clear_image(image);
+	image->buf = result.ptr;
+	image->len = result.size;
+
+	return status;
+}
+
+/*
+ * When directly falling back to add/add three-way merge, we read from
+ * the current contents of the new_name.  In no cases other than that
+ * this function will be called.
+ */
+static int load_current(struct image *image, struct patch *patch)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status, pos;
+	size_t len;
+	char *img;
+	struct stat st;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+	char *name = patch->new_name;
+	unsigned mode = patch->new_mode;
+
+	if (!patch->is_new)
+		die("BUG: patch to %s is not a creation", patch->old_name);
+
+	pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+	if (pos < 0)
+		return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), name);
+	ce = active_cache[pos];
+	if (lstat(name, &st)) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			return error(_("%s: %s"), name, strerror(errno));
+		if (checkout_target(ce, &st))
+			return -1;
+	}
+	if (verify_index_match(ce, &st))
+		return error(_("%s: does not match index"), name);
+
+	status = load_patch_target(&buf, ce, &st, name, mode);
+	if (status < 0)
+		return status;
+	else if (status)
+		return -1;
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(image, img, len, !patch->is_binary);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int try_threeway(struct image *image, struct patch *patch,
+			struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	unsigned char pre_sha1[20], post_sha1[20], our_sha1[20];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t len;
+	int status;
+	char *img;
+	struct image tmp_image;
+
+	/* No point falling back to 3-way merge in these cases */
+	if (patch->is_delete ||
+	    S_ISGITLINK(patch->old_mode) || S_ISGITLINK(patch->new_mode))
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Preimage the patch was prepared for */
+	if (patch->is_new)
+		write_sha1_file("", 0, blob_type, pre_sha1);
+	else if (get_sha1(patch->old_sha1_prefix, pre_sha1) ||
+		 read_blob_object(&buf, pre_sha1, patch->old_mode))
+		return error("repository lacks the necessary blob to fall back on 3-way merge.");
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Falling back to three-way merge...\n");
+
+	img = strbuf_detach(&buf, &len);
+	prepare_image(&tmp_image, img, len, 1);
+	/* Apply the patch to get the post image */
+	if (apply_fragments(&tmp_image, patch) < 0) {
+		clear_image(&tmp_image);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	/* post_sha1[] is theirs */
+	write_sha1_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, post_sha1);
+	clear_image(&tmp_image);
+
+	/* our_sha1[] is ours */
+	if (patch->is_new) {
+		if (load_current(&tmp_image, patch))
+			return error("cannot read the current contents of '%s'",
+				     patch->new_name);
+	} else {
+		if (load_preimage(&tmp_image, patch, st, ce))
+			return error("cannot read the current contents of '%s'",
+				     patch->old_name);
+	}
+	write_sha1_file(tmp_image.buf, tmp_image.len, blob_type, our_sha1);
+	clear_image(&tmp_image);
+
+	/* in-core three-way merge between post and our using pre as base */
+	status = three_way_merge(image, patch->new_name,
+				 pre_sha1, our_sha1, post_sha1);
+	if (status < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to fall back on three-way merge...\n");
+		return status;
+	}
+
+	if (status) {
+		patch->conflicted_threeway = 1;
+		if (patch->is_new)
+			hashclr(patch->threeway_stage[0]);
+		else
+			hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[0], pre_sha1);
+		hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[1], our_sha1);
+		hashcpy(patch->threeway_stage[2], post_sha1);
+		fprintf(stderr, "Applied patch to '%s' with conflicts.\n", patch->new_name);
+	} else {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Applied patch to '%s' cleanly.\n", patch->new_name);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_data(struct patch *patch, struct stat *st, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	struct image image;
+
+	if (load_preimage(&image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (patch->direct_to_threeway ||
+	    apply_fragments(&image, patch) < 0) {
+		/* Note: with --reject, apply_fragments() returns 0 */
+		if (!threeway || try_threeway(&image, patch, st, ce) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
 	patch->result = image.buf;
 	patch->resultsize = image.len;
 	add_to_fn_table(patch);
 	free(image.line_allocated);
 
 	if (0 < patch->is_delete && patch->resultsize)
-		return error("removal patch leaves file contents");
+		return error(_("removal patch leaves file contents"));
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int check_to_create_blob(const char *new_name, int ok_if_exists)
+/*
+ * If "patch" that we are looking at modifies or deletes what we have,
+ * we would want it not to lose any local modification we have, either
+ * in the working tree or in the index.
+ *
+ * This also decides if a non-git patch is a creation patch or a
+ * modification to an existing empty file.  We do not check the state
+ * of the current tree for a creation patch in this function; the caller
+ * check_patch() separately makes sure (and errors out otherwise) that
+ * the path the patch creates does not exist in the current tree.
+ */
+static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct stat *st)
+{
+	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
+	struct patch *previous = NULL;
+	int stat_ret = 0, status;
+	unsigned st_mode = 0;
+
+	if (!old_name)
+		return 0;
+
+	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
+	previous = previous_patch(patch, &status);
+
+	if (status)
+		return error(_("path %s has been renamed/deleted"), old_name);
+	if (previous) {
+		st_mode = previous->new_mode;
+	} else if (!cached) {
+		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
+		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
+			return error(_("%s: %s"), old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	if (check_index && !previous) {
+		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			if (patch->is_new < 0)
+				goto is_new;
+			return error(_("%s: does not exist in index"), old_name);
+		}
+		*ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (stat_ret < 0) {
+			if (checkout_target(*ce, st))
+				return -1;
+		}
+		if (!cached && verify_index_match(*ce, st))
+			return error(_("%s: does not match index"), old_name);
+		if (cached)
+			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
+	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
+		if (patch->is_new < 0)
+			goto is_new;
+		return error(_("%s: %s"), old_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
+
+	if (!cached && !previous)
+		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
+
+	if (patch->is_new < 0)
+		patch->is_new = 0;
+	if (!patch->old_mode)
+		patch->old_mode = st_mode;
+	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
+		return error(_("%s: wrong type"), old_name);
+	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
+		warning(_("%s has type %o, expected %o"),
+			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
+	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
+		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
+	return 0;
+
+ is_new:
+	patch->is_new = 1;
+	patch->is_delete = 0;
+	free(patch->old_name);
+	patch->old_name = NULL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+#define EXISTS_IN_INDEX 1
+#define EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE 2
+
+static int check_to_create(const char *new_name, int ok_if_exists)
 {
 	struct stat nst;
+
+	if (check_index &&
+	    cache_name_pos(new_name, strlen(new_name)) >= 0 &&
+	    !ok_if_exists)
+		return EXISTS_IN_INDEX;
+	if (cached)
+		return 0;
+
 	if (!lstat(new_name, &nst)) {
 		if (S_ISDIR(nst.st_mode) || ok_if_exists)
 			return 0;
@@ -2991,106 +3469,17 @@
 		if (has_symlink_leading_path(new_name, strlen(new_name)))
 			return 0;
 
-		return error("%s: already exists in working directory", new_name);
-	}
-	else if ((errno != ENOENT) && (errno != ENOTDIR))
+		return EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE;
+	} else if ((errno != ENOENT) && (errno != ENOTDIR)) {
 		return error("%s: %s", new_name, strerror(errno));
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int verify_index_match(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
-		if (!S_ISDIR(st->st_mode))
-			return -1;
-		return 0;
-	}
-	return ce_match_stat(ce, st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE);
-}
-
-static int check_preimage(struct patch *patch, struct cache_entry **ce, struct stat *st)
-{
-	const char *old_name = patch->old_name;
-	struct patch *tpatch = NULL;
-	int stat_ret = 0;
-	unsigned st_mode = 0;
-
-	/*
-	 * Make sure that we do not have local modifications from the
-	 * index when we are looking at the index.  Also make sure
-	 * we have the preimage file to be patched in the work tree,
-	 * unless --cached, which tells git to apply only in the index.
-	 */
-	if (!old_name)
-		return 0;
-
-	assert(patch->is_new <= 0);
-
-	if (!(patch->is_copy || patch->is_rename) &&
-	    (tpatch = in_fn_table(old_name)) != NULL && !to_be_deleted(tpatch)) {
-		if (was_deleted(tpatch))
-			return error("%s: has been deleted/renamed", old_name);
-		st_mode = tpatch->new_mode;
-	} else if (!cached) {
-		stat_ret = lstat(old_name, st);
-		if (stat_ret && errno != ENOENT)
-			return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	if (to_be_deleted(tpatch))
-		tpatch = NULL;
-
-	if (check_index && !tpatch) {
-		int pos = cache_name_pos(old_name, strlen(old_name));
-		if (pos < 0) {
-			if (patch->is_new < 0)
-				goto is_new;
-			return error("%s: does not exist in index", old_name);
-		}
-		*ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (stat_ret < 0) {
-			struct checkout costate;
-			/* checkout */
-			memset(&costate, 0, sizeof(costate));
-			costate.base_dir = "";
-			costate.refresh_cache = 1;
-			if (checkout_entry(*ce, &costate, NULL) ||
-			    lstat(old_name, st))
-				return -1;
-		}
-		if (!cached && verify_index_match(*ce, st))
-			return error("%s: does not match index", old_name);
-		if (cached)
-			st_mode = (*ce)->ce_mode;
-	} else if (stat_ret < 0) {
-		if (patch->is_new < 0)
-			goto is_new;
-		return error("%s: %s", old_name, strerror(errno));
-	}
-
-	if (!cached && !tpatch)
-		st_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(*ce, st->st_mode);
-
-	if (patch->is_new < 0)
-		patch->is_new = 0;
-	if (!patch->old_mode)
-		patch->old_mode = st_mode;
-	if ((st_mode ^ patch->old_mode) & S_IFMT)
-		return error("%s: wrong type", old_name);
-	if (st_mode != patch->old_mode)
-		warning("%s has type %o, expected %o",
-			old_name, st_mode, patch->old_mode);
-	if (!patch->new_mode && !patch->is_delete)
-		patch->new_mode = st_mode;
-	return 0;
-
- is_new:
-	patch->is_new = 1;
-	patch->is_delete = 0;
-	patch->old_name = NULL;
-	return 0;
-}
-
+/*
+ * Check and apply the patch in-core; leave the result in patch->result
+ * for the caller to write it out to the final destination.
+ */
 static int check_patch(struct patch *patch)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -3109,31 +3498,45 @@
 		return status;
 	old_name = patch->old_name;
 
+	/*
+	 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to delete
+	 * old, immediately followed by a patch to create new (see
+	 * diff.c::run_diff()); in such a case it is Ok that the entry
+	 * to be deleted by the previous patch is still in the working
+	 * tree and in the index.
+	 *
+	 * A patch to swap-rename between A and B would first rename A
+	 * to B and then rename B to A.  While applying the first one,
+	 * the presense of B should not stop A from getting renamed to
+	 * B; ask to_be_deleted() about the later rename.  Removal of
+	 * B and rename from A to B is handled the same way by asking
+	 * was_deleted().
+	 */
 	if ((tpatch = in_fn_table(new_name)) &&
-			(was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
-		/*
-		 * A type-change diff is always split into a patch to
-		 * delete old, immediately followed by a patch to
-		 * create new (see diff.c::run_diff()); in such a case
-		 * it is Ok that the entry to be deleted by the
-		 * previous patch is still in the working tree and in
-		 * the index.
-		 */
+	    (was_deleted(tpatch) || to_be_deleted(tpatch)))
 		ok_if_exists = 1;
 	else
 		ok_if_exists = 0;
 
 	if (new_name &&
 	    ((0 < patch->is_new) | (0 < patch->is_rename) | patch->is_copy)) {
-		if (check_index &&
-		    cache_name_pos(new_name, strlen(new_name)) >= 0 &&
-		    !ok_if_exists)
-			return error("%s: already exists in index", new_name);
-		if (!cached) {
-			int err = check_to_create_blob(new_name, ok_if_exists);
-			if (err)
-				return err;
+		int err = check_to_create(new_name, ok_if_exists);
+
+		if (err && threeway) {
+			patch->direct_to_threeway = 1;
+		} else switch (err) {
+		case 0:
+			break; /* happy */
+		case EXISTS_IN_INDEX:
+			return error(_("%s: already exists in index"), new_name);
+			break;
+		case EXISTS_IN_WORKTREE:
+			return error(_("%s: already exists in working directory"),
+				     new_name);
+		default:
+			return err;
 		}
+
 		if (!patch->new_mode) {
 			if (0 < patch->is_new)
 				patch->new_mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
@@ -3146,14 +3549,22 @@
 		int same = !strcmp(old_name, new_name);
 		if (!patch->new_mode)
 			patch->new_mode = patch->old_mode;
-		if ((patch->old_mode ^ patch->new_mode) & S_IFMT)
-			return error("new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)%s%s",
-				patch->new_mode, new_name, patch->old_mode,
-				same ? "" : " of ", same ? "" : old_name);
+		if ((patch->old_mode ^ patch->new_mode) & S_IFMT) {
+			if (same)
+				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
+					       "match old mode (%o)"),
+					patch->new_mode, new_name,
+					patch->old_mode);
+			else
+				return error(_("new mode (%o) of %s does not "
+					       "match old mode (%o) of %s"),
+					patch->new_mode, new_name,
+					patch->old_mode, old_name);
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (apply_data(patch, &st, ce) < 0)
-		return error("%s: patch does not apply", name);
+		return error(_("%s: patch does not apply"), name);
 	patch->rejected = 0;
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -3166,7 +3577,7 @@
 	while (patch) {
 		if (apply_verbosely)
 			say_patch_name(stderr,
-				       "Checking patch ", patch, "...\n");
+				       _("Checking patch %s..."), patch);
 		err |= check_patch(patch);
 		patch = patch->next;
 	}
@@ -3206,7 +3617,7 @@
 		name = patch->old_name ? patch->old_name : patch->new_name;
 		if (0 < patch->is_new)
 			continue;
-		else if (get_sha1(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1))
+		else if (get_sha1_blob(patch->old_sha1_prefix, sha1))
 			/* git diff has no index line for mode/type changes */
 			if (!patch->lines_added && !patch->lines_deleted) {
 				if (get_current_sha1(patch->old_name, sha1))
@@ -3221,7 +3632,7 @@
 
 		ce = make_cache_entry(patch->old_mode, sha1_ptr, name, 0, 0);
 		if (!ce)
-			die("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'", name);
+			die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), name);
 		if (add_index_entry(&result, ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD))
 			die ("Could not add %s to temporary index", name);
 	}
@@ -3244,7 +3655,7 @@
 		show_stats(patch);
 	}
 
-	printf(" %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n", files, adds, dels);
+	print_stat_summary(stdout, files, adds, dels);
 }
 
 static void numstat_patch_list(struct patch *patch)
@@ -3364,7 +3775,7 @@
 {
 	if (update_index) {
 		if (remove_file_from_cache(patch->old_name) < 0)
-			die("unable to remove %s from index", patch->old_name);
+			die(_("unable to remove %s from index"), patch->old_name);
 	}
 	if (!cached) {
 		if (!remove_or_warn(patch->old_mode, patch->old_name) && rmdir_empty) {
@@ -3386,24 +3797,25 @@
 	ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = namelen;
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
+	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
 	if (S_ISGITLINK(mode)) {
 		const char *s = buf;
 
 		if (get_sha1_hex(s + strlen("Subproject commit "), ce->sha1))
-			die("corrupt patch for subproject %s", path);
+			die(_("corrupt patch for subproject %s"), path);
 	} else {
 		if (!cached) {
 			if (lstat(path, &st) < 0)
-				die_errno("unable to stat newly created file '%s'",
+				die_errno(_("unable to stat newly created file '%s'"),
 					  path);
 			fill_stat_cache_info(ce, &st);
 		}
 		if (write_sha1_file(buf, size, blob_type, ce->sha1) < 0)
-			die("unable to create backing store for newly created file %s", path);
+			die(_("unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"), path);
 	}
 	if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0)
-		die("unable to add cache entry for %s", path);
+		die(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"), path);
 }
 
 static int try_create_file(const char *path, unsigned int mode, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
@@ -3436,7 +3848,7 @@
 	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
 
 	if (close(fd) < 0)
-		die_errno("closing file '%s'", path);
+		die_errno(_("closing file '%s'"), path);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -3485,7 +3897,34 @@
 			++nr;
 		}
 	}
-	die_errno("unable to write file '%s' mode %o", path, mode);
+	die_errno(_("unable to write file '%s' mode %o"), path, mode);
+}
+
+static void add_conflicted_stages_file(struct patch *patch)
+{
+	int stage, namelen;
+	unsigned ce_size, mode;
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
+
+	if (!update_index)
+		return;
+	namelen = strlen(patch->new_name);
+	ce_size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
+	mode = patch->new_mode ? patch->new_mode : (S_IFREG | 0644);
+
+	remove_file_from_cache(patch->new_name);
+	for (stage = 1; stage < 4; stage++) {
+		if (is_null_sha1(patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]))
+			continue;
+		ce = xcalloc(1, ce_size);
+		memcpy(ce->name, patch->new_name, namelen);
+		ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
+		ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+		ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
+		hashcpy(ce->sha1, patch->threeway_stage[stage - 1]);
+		if (add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD) < 0)
+			die(_("unable to add cache entry for %s"), patch->new_name);
+	}
 }
 
 static void create_file(struct patch *patch)
@@ -3498,7 +3937,11 @@
 	if (!mode)
 		mode = S_IFREG | 0644;
 	create_one_file(path, mode, buf, size);
-	add_index_file(path, mode, buf, size);
+
+	if (patch->conflicted_threeway)
+		add_conflicted_stages_file(patch);
+	else
+		add_index_file(path, mode, buf, size);
 }
 
 /* phase zero is to remove, phase one is to create */
@@ -3530,6 +3973,7 @@
 	char namebuf[PATH_MAX];
 	struct fragment *frag;
 	int cnt = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (cnt = 0, frag = patch->fragments; frag; frag = frag->next) {
 		if (!frag->rejected)
@@ -3540,7 +3984,7 @@
 	if (!cnt) {
 		if (apply_verbosely)
 			say_patch_name(stderr,
-				       "Applied patch ", patch, " cleanly.\n");
+				       _("Applied patch %s cleanly."), patch);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -3548,16 +3992,20 @@
 	 * contents are marked "rejected" at the patch level.
 	 */
 	if (!patch->new_name)
-		die("internal error");
+		die(_("internal error"));
 
 	/* Say this even without --verbose */
-	say_patch_name(stderr, "Applying patch ", patch, " with");
-	fprintf(stderr, " %d rejects...\n", cnt);
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("Applying patch %%s with %d reject...",
+			    "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects...",
+			    cnt),
+		    cnt);
+	say_patch_name(stderr, sb.buf, patch);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
 	cnt = strlen(patch->new_name);
 	if (ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) <= cnt + 5) {
 		cnt = ARRAY_SIZE(namebuf) - 5;
-		warning("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej",
+		warning(_("truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"),
 			cnt - 1, patch->new_name);
 	}
 	memcpy(namebuf, patch->new_name, cnt);
@@ -3565,7 +4013,7 @@
 
 	rej = fopen(namebuf, "w");
 	if (!rej)
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s", namebuf, strerror(errno));
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s"), namebuf, strerror(errno));
 
 	/* Normal git tools never deal with .rej, so do not pretend
 	 * this is a git patch by saying --git nor give extended
@@ -3578,10 +4026,10 @@
 	     frag;
 	     cnt++, frag = frag->next) {
 		if (!frag->rejected) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "Hunk #%d applied cleanly.\n", cnt);
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Hunk #%d applied cleanly."), cnt);
 			continue;
 		}
-		fprintf(stderr, "Rejected hunk #%d.\n", cnt);
+		fprintf_ln(stderr, _("Rejected hunk #%d."), cnt);
 		fprintf(rej, "%.*s", frag->size, frag->patch);
 		if (frag->patch[frag->size-1] != '\n')
 			fputc('\n', rej);
@@ -3590,14 +4038,12 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int write_out_results(struct patch *list, int skipped_patch)
+static int write_out_results(struct patch *list)
 {
 	int phase;
 	int errs = 0;
 	struct patch *l;
-
-	if (!list && !skipped_patch)
-		return error("No changes");
+	struct string_list cpath = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
 	for (phase = 0; phase < 2; phase++) {
 		l = list;
@@ -3606,12 +4052,30 @@
 				errs = 1;
 			else {
 				write_out_one_result(l, phase);
-				if (phase == 1 && write_out_one_reject(l))
-					errs = 1;
+				if (phase == 1) {
+					if (write_out_one_reject(l))
+						errs = 1;
+					if (l->conflicted_threeway) {
+						string_list_append(&cpath, l->new_name);
+						errs = 1;
+					}
+				}
 			}
 			l = l->next;
 		}
 	}
+
+	if (cpath.nr) {
+		struct string_list_item *item;
+
+		sort_string_list(&cpath);
+		for_each_string_list_item(item, &cpath)
+			fprintf(stderr, "U %s\n", item->string);
+		string_list_clear(&cpath, 0);
+
+		rerere(0);
+	}
+
 	return errs;
 }
 
@@ -3670,15 +4134,8 @@
 	if (!prefix || p->is_toplevel_relative)
 		return;
 	for ( ; p; p = p->next) {
-		if (p->new_name == p->old_name) {
-			char *prefixed = p->new_name;
-			prefix_one(&prefixed);
-			p->new_name = p->old_name = prefixed;
-		}
-		else {
-			prefix_one(&p->new_name);
-			prefix_one(&p->old_name);
-		}
+		prefix_one(&p->new_name);
+		prefix_one(&p->old_name);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -3688,12 +4145,10 @@
 static int apply_patch(int fd, const char *filename, int options)
 {
 	size_t offset;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT; /* owns the patch text */
 	struct patch *list = NULL, **listp = &list;
 	int skipped_patch = 0;
 
-	/* FIXME - memory leak when using multiple patch files as inputs */
-	memset(&fn_table, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	patch_input_file = filename;
 	read_patch_file(&buf, fd);
 	offset = 0;
@@ -3717,13 +4172,15 @@
 			listp = &patch->next;
 		}
 		else {
-			/* perhaps free it a bit better? */
-			free(patch);
+			free_patch(patch);
 			skipped_patch++;
 		}
 		offset += nr;
 	}
 
+	if (!list && !skipped_patch)
+		die(_("unrecognized input"));
+
 	if (whitespace_error && (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error))
 		apply = 0;
 
@@ -3733,7 +4190,7 @@
 
 	if (check_index) {
 		if (read_cache() < 0)
-			die("unable to read index file");
+			die(_("unable to read index file"));
 	}
 
 	if ((check || apply) &&
@@ -3741,8 +4198,12 @@
 	    !apply_with_reject)
 		exit(1);
 
-	if (apply && write_out_results(list, skipped_patch))
-		exit(1);
+	if (apply && write_out_results(list)) {
+		if (apply_with_reject)
+			exit(1);
+		/* with --3way, we still need to write the index out */
+		return 1;
+	}
 
 	if (fake_ancestor)
 		build_fake_ancestor(list, fake_ancestor);
@@ -3756,7 +4217,9 @@
 	if (summary)
 		summary_patch_list(list);
 
+	free_patch_list(list);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	string_list_clear(&fn_table, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -3846,66 +4309,68 @@
 	const char *whitespace_option = NULL;
 
 	struct option builtin_apply_options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", NULL, "path",
-			"don't apply changes matching the given path",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude", NULL, N_("path"),
+			N_("don't apply changes matching the given path"),
 			0, option_parse_exclude },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", NULL, "path",
-			"apply changes matching the given path",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "include", NULL, N_("path"),
+			N_("apply changes matching the given path"),
 			0, option_parse_include },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, NULL, "num",
-			"remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'p', NULL, NULL, N_("num"),
+			N_("remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"),
 			0, option_parse_p },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-add", &no_add,
-			"ignore additions made by the patch"),
+			N_("ignore additions made by the patch")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stat", &diffstat,
-			"instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"),
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input")),
 		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "allow-binary-replacement"),
 		OPT_NOOP_NOARG(0, "binary"),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numstat", &numstat,
-			"shows number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"),
+			N_("show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &summary,
-			"instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"),
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "check", &check,
-			"instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"),
+			N_("instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "index", &check_index,
-			"make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"),
+			N_("make sure the patch is applicable to the current index")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
-			"apply a patch without touching the working tree"),
+			N_("apply a patch without touching the working tree")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "apply", &force_apply,
-			"also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"),
+			N_("also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)")),
+		OPT_BOOL('3', "3way", &threeway,
+			 N_( "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply")),
 		OPT_FILENAME(0, "build-fake-ancestor", &fake_ancestor,
-			"build a temporary index based on embedded index information"),
+			N_("build a temporary index based on embedded index information")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
 		OPT_INTEGER('C', NULL, &p_context,
-				"ensure at least <n> lines of context match"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", &whitespace_option, "action",
-			"detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors",
+				N_("ensure at least <n> lines of context match")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "whitespace", &whitespace_option, N_("action"),
+			N_("detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"),
 			0, option_parse_whitespace },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-space-change", NULL, NULL,
-			"ignore changes in whitespace when finding context",
+			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "ignore-whitespace", NULL, NULL,
-			"ignore changes in whitespace when finding context",
+			N_("ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_space_change },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('R', "reverse", &apply_in_reverse,
-			"apply the patch in reverse"),
+			N_("apply the patch in reverse")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unidiff-zero", &unidiff_zero,
-			"don't expect at least one line of context"),
+			N_("don't expect at least one line of context")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reject", &apply_with_reject,
-			"leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"),
+			N_("leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-overlap", &allow_overlap,
-			"allow overlapping hunks"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely, "be verbose"),
+			N_("allow overlapping hunks")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&apply_verbosely, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "inaccurate-eof", &options,
-			"tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file",
+			N_("tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"),
 			INACCURATE_EOF),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "recount", &options,
-			"do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers",
+			N_("do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"),
 			RECOUNT),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", NULL, "root",
-			"prepend <root> to all filenames",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "directory", NULL, N_("root"),
+			N_("prepend <root> to all filenames"),
 			0, option_parse_directory },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -3921,15 +4386,24 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_apply_options,
 			apply_usage, 0);
 
+	if (apply_with_reject && threeway)
+		die("--reject and --3way cannot be used together.");
+	if (cached && threeway)
+		die("--cached and --3way cannot be used together.");
+	if (threeway) {
+		if (is_not_gitdir)
+			die(_("--3way outside a repository"));
+		check_index = 1;
+	}
 	if (apply_with_reject)
 		apply = apply_verbosely = 1;
 	if (!force_apply && (diffstat || numstat || summary || check || fake_ancestor))
 		apply = 0;
 	if (check_index && is_not_gitdir)
-		die("--index outside a repository");
+		die(_("--index outside a repository"));
 	if (cached) {
 		if (is_not_gitdir)
-			die("--cached outside a repository");
+			die(_("--cached outside a repository"));
 		check_index = 1;
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -3945,7 +4419,7 @@
 
 		fd = open(arg, O_RDONLY);
 		if (fd < 0)
-			die_errno("can't open patch '%s'", arg);
+			die_errno(_("can't open patch '%s'"), arg);
 		read_stdin = 0;
 		set_default_whitespace_mode(whitespace_option);
 		errs |= apply_patch(fd, arg, options);
@@ -3959,32 +4433,32 @@
 		    squelch_whitespace_errors < whitespace_error) {
 			int squelched =
 				whitespace_error - squelch_whitespace_errors;
-			warning("squelched %d "
-				"whitespace error%s",
-				squelched,
-				squelched == 1 ? "" : "s");
+			warning(Q_("squelched %d whitespace error",
+				   "squelched %d whitespace errors",
+				   squelched),
+				squelched);
 		}
 		if (ws_error_action == die_on_ws_error)
-			die("%d line%s add%s whitespace errors.",
-			    whitespace_error,
-			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
-			    whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
+			die(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
+			       "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
+			       whitespace_error),
+			    whitespace_error);
 		if (applied_after_fixing_ws && apply)
 			warning("%d line%s applied after"
 				" fixing whitespace errors.",
 				applied_after_fixing_ws,
 				applied_after_fixing_ws == 1 ? "" : "s");
 		else if (whitespace_error)
-			warning("%d line%s add%s whitespace errors.",
-				whitespace_error,
-				whitespace_error == 1 ? "" : "s",
-				whitespace_error == 1 ? "s" : "");
+			warning(Q_("%d line adds whitespace errors.",
+				   "%d lines add whitespace errors.",
+				   whitespace_error),
+				whitespace_error);
 	}
 
 	if (update_index) {
 		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    commit_locked_index(&lock_file))
-			die("Unable to write new index file");
+			die(_("Unable to write new index file"));
 	}
 
 	return !!errs;
diff --git a/builtin/archive.c b/builtin/archive.c
index 931956d..9a1cfd3 100644
--- a/builtin/archive.c
+++ b/builtin/archive.c
@@ -88,12 +88,12 @@
 	const char *output = NULL;
 	const char *remote = NULL;
 	struct option local_opts[] = {
-		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, "file",
-			"write the archive to this file"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, "repo",
-			"retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, "cmd",
-			"path to the remote git-upload-archive command"),
+		OPT_STRING('o', "output", &output, N_("file"),
+			N_("write the archive to this file")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "remote", &remote, N_("repo"),
+			N_("retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exec", &exec, N_("command"),
+			N_("path to the remote git-upload-archive command")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/bisect--helper.c b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
index 8d325a5..e3884e3 100644
--- a/builtin/bisect--helper.c
+++ b/builtin/bisect--helper.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "bisect.h"
 
 static const char * const git_bisect_helper_usage[] = {
-	"git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]",
+	N_("git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 	int no_checkout = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "next-all", &next_all,
-			    "perform 'git bisect next'"),
+			    N_("perform 'git bisect next'")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-checkout", &no_checkout,
-			    "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"),
+			    N_("update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/blame.c b/builtin/blame.c
index 26a5d42..86100e9 100644
--- a/builtin/blame.c
+++ b/builtin/blame.c
@@ -22,12 +22,12 @@
 #include "utf8.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
 
-static char blame_usage[] = "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file";
+static char blame_usage[] = N_("git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file");
 
 static const char *blame_opt_usage[] = {
 	blame_usage,
 	"",
-	"[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)",
+	N_("[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
 static int incremental;
 static int xdl_opts;
 static int abbrev = -1;
+static int no_whole_file_rename;
 
 static enum date_mode blame_date_mode = DATE_ISO8601;
 static size_t blame_date_width;
@@ -88,6 +89,20 @@
 	char path[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
+static int diff_hunks(mmfile_t *file_a, mmfile_t *file_b, long ctxlen,
+		      xdl_emit_hunk_consume_func_t hunk_func, void *cb_data)
+{
+	xpparam_t xpp = {0};
+	xdemitconf_t xecfg = {0};
+	xdemitcb_t ecb = {NULL};
+
+	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
+	xecfg.ctxlen = ctxlen;
+	xecfg.hunk_func = hunk_func;
+	ecb.priv = cb_data;
+	return xdi_diff(file_a, file_b, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
+}
+
 /*
  * Prepare diff_filespec and convert it using diff textconv API
  * if the textconv driver exists.
@@ -96,6 +111,7 @@
 int textconv_object(const char *path,
 		    unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    int sha1_valid,
 		    char **buf,
 		    unsigned long *buf_size)
 {
@@ -103,7 +119,7 @@
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv;
 
 	df = alloc_filespec(path);
-	fill_filespec(df, sha1, mode);
+	fill_filespec(df, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
 	textconv = get_textconv(df);
 	if (!textconv) {
 		free_filespec(df);
@@ -128,7 +144,7 @@
 
 		num_read_blob++;
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(o->path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
+		    textconv_object(o->path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, 1, &file->ptr, &file_size))
 			;
 		else
 			file->ptr = read_sha1_file(o->blob_sha1, &type, &file_size);
@@ -392,8 +408,7 @@
 	paths[1] = NULL;
 
 	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
-	if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
-		die("diff-setup");
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(origin->commit->object.sha1))
 		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
@@ -479,8 +494,7 @@
 	diff_opts.single_follow = origin->path;
 	paths[0] = NULL;
 	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
-	if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
-		die("diff-setup");
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(origin->commit->object.sha1))
 		do_diff_cache(parent->tree->object.sha1, &diff_opts);
@@ -759,12 +773,14 @@
 	long tlno;
 };
 
-static void blame_chunk_cb(void *data, long same, long p_next, long t_next)
+static int blame_chunk_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
+			  long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
 {
 	struct blame_chunk_cb_data *d = data;
-	blame_chunk(d->sb, d->tlno, d->plno, same, d->target, d->parent);
-	d->plno = p_next;
-	d->tlno = t_next;
+	blame_chunk(d->sb, d->tlno, d->plno, start_b, d->target, d->parent);
+	d->plno = start_a + count_a;
+	d->tlno = start_b + count_b;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -779,8 +795,7 @@
 	int last_in_target;
 	mmfile_t file_p, file_o;
 	struct blame_chunk_cb_data d;
-	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
+
 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
 	d.sb = sb; d.target = target; d.parent = parent;
 	last_in_target = find_last_in_target(sb, target);
@@ -791,11 +806,7 @@
 	fill_origin_blob(&sb->revs->diffopt, target, &file_o);
 	num_get_patch++;
 
-	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
-	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-	xecfg.ctxlen = 0;
-	xdi_diff_hunks(&file_p, &file_o, blame_chunk_cb, &d, &xpp, &xecfg);
+	diff_hunks(&file_p, &file_o, 0, blame_chunk_cb, &d);
 	/* The rest (i.e. anything after tlno) are the same as the parent */
 	blame_chunk(sb, d.tlno, d.plno, last_in_target, target, parent);
 
@@ -899,12 +910,15 @@
 	long tlno;
 };
 
-static void handle_split_cb(void *data, long same, long p_next, long t_next)
+static int handle_split_cb(long start_a, long count_a,
+			   long start_b, long count_b, void *data)
 {
 	struct handle_split_cb_data *d = data;
-	handle_split(d->sb, d->ent, d->tlno, d->plno, same, d->parent, d->split);
-	d->plno = p_next;
-	d->tlno = t_next;
+	handle_split(d->sb, d->ent, d->tlno, d->plno, start_b, d->parent,
+		     d->split);
+	d->plno = start_a + count_a;
+	d->tlno = start_b + count_b;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -922,8 +936,7 @@
 	int cnt;
 	mmfile_t file_o;
 	struct handle_split_cb_data d;
-	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xdemitconf_t xecfg;
+
 	memset(&d, 0, sizeof(d));
 	d.sb = sb; d.ent = ent; d.parent = parent; d.split = split;
 	/*
@@ -943,12 +956,8 @@
 	 * file_o is a part of final image we are annotating.
 	 * file_p partially may match that image.
 	 */
-	memset(&xpp, 0, sizeof(xpp));
-	xpp.flags = xdl_opts;
-	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-	xecfg.ctxlen = 1;
 	memset(split, 0, sizeof(struct blame_entry [3]));
-	xdi_diff_hunks(file_p, &file_o, handle_split_cb, &d, &xpp, &xecfg);
+	diff_hunks(file_p, &file_o, 1, handle_split_cb, &d);
 	/* remainder, if any, all match the preimage */
 	handle_split(sb, ent, d.tlno, d.plno, ent->num_lines, parent, split);
 }
@@ -1065,8 +1074,7 @@
 
 	paths[0] = NULL;
 	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
-	if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
-		die("diff-setup");
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
 
 	/* Try "find copies harder" on new path if requested;
 	 * we do not want to use diffcore_rename() actually to
@@ -1219,7 +1227,7 @@
 	 * The first pass looks for unrenamed path to optimize for
 	 * common cases, then we look for renames in the second pass.
 	 */
-	for (pass = 0; pass < 2; pass++) {
+	for (pass = 0; pass < 2 - no_whole_file_rename; pass++) {
 		struct origin *(*find)(struct scoreboard *,
 				       struct commit *, struct origin *);
 		find = pass ? find_rename : find_origin;
@@ -1314,30 +1322,31 @@
  * Information on commits, used for output.
  */
 struct commit_info {
-	const char *author;
-	const char *author_mail;
+	struct strbuf author;
+	struct strbuf author_mail;
 	unsigned long author_time;
-	const char *author_tz;
+	struct strbuf author_tz;
 
 	/* filled only when asked for details */
-	const char *committer;
-	const char *committer_mail;
+	struct strbuf committer;
+	struct strbuf committer_mail;
 	unsigned long committer_time;
-	const char *committer_tz;
+	struct strbuf committer_tz;
 
-	const char *summary;
+	struct strbuf summary;
 };
 
 /*
  * Parse author/committer line in the commit object buffer
  */
 static void get_ac_line(const char *inbuf, const char *what,
-			int person_len, char *person,
-			int mail_len, char *mail,
-			unsigned long *time, const char **tz)
+	struct strbuf *name, struct strbuf *mail,
+	unsigned long *time, struct strbuf *tz)
 {
-	int len, tzlen, maillen;
-	char *tmp, *endp, *timepos, *mailpos;
+	struct ident_split ident;
+	size_t len, maillen, namelen;
+	char *tmp, *endp;
+	const char *namebuf, *mailbuf;
 
 	tmp = strstr(inbuf, what);
 	if (!tmp)
@@ -1348,69 +1357,61 @@
 		len = strlen(tmp);
 	else
 		len = endp - tmp;
-	if (person_len <= len) {
+
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, tmp, len)) {
 	error_out:
 		/* Ugh */
-		*tz = "(unknown)";
-		strcpy(person, *tz);
-		strcpy(mail, *tz);
+		tmp = "(unknown)";
+		strbuf_addstr(name, tmp);
+		strbuf_addstr(mail, tmp);
+		strbuf_addstr(tz, tmp);
 		*time = 0;
 		return;
 	}
-	memcpy(person, tmp, len);
 
-	tmp = person;
-	tmp += len;
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		goto error_out;
-	*tz = tmp+1;
-	tzlen = (person+len)-(tmp+1);
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
 
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && *tmp != ' ')
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		goto error_out;
-	*time = strtoul(tmp, NULL, 10);
-	timepos = tmp;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
 
-	*tmp = 0;
-	while (person < tmp && !(*tmp == ' ' && tmp[1] == '<'))
-		tmp--;
-	if (tmp <= person)
-		return;
-	mailpos = tmp + 1;
-	*tmp = 0;
-	maillen = timepos - tmp;
-	memcpy(mail, mailpos, maillen);
+	*time = strtoul(ident.date_begin, NULL, 10);
 
-	if (!mailmap.nr)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * mailmap expansion may make the name longer.
-	 * make room by pushing stuff down.
-	 */
-	tmp = person + person_len - (tzlen + 1);
-	memmove(tmp, *tz, tzlen);
-	tmp[tzlen] = 0;
-	*tz = tmp;
+	len = ident.tz_end - ident.tz_begin;
+	strbuf_add(tz, ident.tz_begin, len);
 
 	/*
 	 * Now, convert both name and e-mail using mailmap
 	 */
-	if (map_user(&mailmap, mail+1, mail_len-1, person, tmp-person-1)) {
-		/* Add a trailing '>' to email, since map_user returns plain emails
-		   Note: It already has '<', since we replace from mail+1 */
-		mailpos = memchr(mail, '\0', mail_len);
-		if (mailpos && mailpos-mail < mail_len - 1) {
-			*mailpos = '>';
-			*(mailpos+1) = '\0';
-		}
-	}
+	map_user(&mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen,
+		 &namebuf, &namelen);
+
+	strbuf_addf(mail, "<%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
+	strbuf_add(name, namebuf, namelen);
+}
+
+static void commit_info_init(struct commit_info *ci)
+{
+
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author_mail, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->author_tz, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer_mail, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->committer_tz, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&ci->summary, 0);
+}
+
+static void commit_info_destroy(struct commit_info *ci)
+{
+
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author_mail);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->author_tz);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer_mail);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->committer_tz);
+	strbuf_release(&ci->summary);
 }
 
 static void get_commit_info(struct commit *commit,
@@ -1418,57 +1419,33 @@
 			    int detailed)
 {
 	int len;
-	const char *subject;
-	char *reencoded, *message;
-	static char author_name[1024];
-	static char author_mail[1024];
-	static char committer_name[1024];
-	static char committer_mail[1024];
-	static char summary_buf[1024];
+	const char *subject, *encoding;
+	char *message;
 
-	/*
-	 * We've operated without save_commit_buffer, so
-	 * we now need to populate them for output.
-	 */
-	if (!commit->buffer) {
-		enum object_type type;
-		unsigned long size;
-		commit->buffer =
-			read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!commit->buffer)
-			die("Cannot read commit %s",
-			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	}
-	reencoded = reencode_commit_message(commit, NULL);
-	message   = reencoded ? reencoded : commit->buffer;
-	ret->author = author_name;
-	ret->author_mail = author_mail;
+	commit_info_init(ret);
+
+	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+	message = logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
 	get_ac_line(message, "\nauthor ",
-		    sizeof(author_name), author_name,
-		    sizeof(author_mail), author_mail,
+		    &ret->author, &ret->author_mail,
 		    &ret->author_time, &ret->author_tz);
 
 	if (!detailed) {
-		free(reencoded);
+		logmsg_free(message, commit);
 		return;
 	}
 
-	ret->committer = committer_name;
-	ret->committer_mail = committer_mail;
 	get_ac_line(message, "\ncommitter ",
-		    sizeof(committer_name), committer_name,
-		    sizeof(committer_mail), committer_mail,
+		    &ret->committer, &ret->committer_mail,
 		    &ret->committer_time, &ret->committer_tz);
 
-	ret->summary = summary_buf;
 	len = find_commit_subject(message, &subject);
-	if (len && len < sizeof(summary_buf)) {
-		memcpy(summary_buf, subject, len);
-		summary_buf[len] = 0;
-	} else {
-		sprintf(summary_buf, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	}
-	free(reencoded);
+	if (len)
+		strbuf_add(&ret->summary, subject, len);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&ret->summary, "(%s)", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+	logmsg_free(message, commit);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1496,15 +1473,15 @@
 
 	suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 	get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
-	printf("author %s\n", ci.author);
-	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail);
+	printf("author %s\n", ci.author.buf);
+	printf("author-mail %s\n", ci.author_mail.buf);
 	printf("author-time %lu\n", ci.author_time);
-	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz);
-	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer);
-	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail);
+	printf("author-tz %s\n", ci.author_tz.buf);
+	printf("committer %s\n", ci.committer.buf);
+	printf("committer-mail %s\n", ci.committer_mail.buf);
 	printf("committer-time %lu\n", ci.committer_time);
-	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz);
-	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary);
+	printf("committer-tz %s\n", ci.committer_tz.buf);
+	printf("summary %s\n", ci.summary.buf);
 	if (suspect->commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		printf("boundary\n");
 	if (suspect->previous) {
@@ -1512,6 +1489,9 @@
 		printf("previous %s ", sha1_to_hex(prev->commit->object.sha1));
 		write_name_quoted(prev->path, stdout, '\n');
 	}
+
+	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
+
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1598,7 +1578,7 @@
 	int tz;
 
 	if (show_raw_time) {
-		sprintf(time_buf, "%lu %s", time, tz_str);
+		snprintf(time_buf, sizeof(time_buf), "%lu %s", time, tz_str);
 	}
 	else {
 		tz = atoi(tz_str);
@@ -1698,11 +1678,11 @@
 		if (opt & OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT) {
 			const char *name;
 			if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-				name = ci.author_mail;
+				name = ci.author_mail.buf;
 			else
-				name = ci.author;
+				name = ci.author.buf;
 			printf("\t(%10s\t%10s\t%d)", name,
-			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz,
+			       format_time(ci.author_time, ci.author_tz.buf,
 					   show_raw_time),
 			       ent->lno + 1 + cnt);
 		} else {
@@ -1721,14 +1701,14 @@
 				const char *name;
 				int pad;
 				if (opt & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-					name = ci.author_mail;
+					name = ci.author_mail.buf;
 				else
-					name = ci.author;
+					name = ci.author.buf;
 				pad = longest_author - utf8_strwidth(name);
 				printf(" (%s%*s %10s",
 				       name, pad, "",
 				       format_time(ci.author_time,
-						   ci.author_tz,
+						   ci.author_tz.buf,
 						   show_raw_time));
 			}
 			printf(" %*d) ",
@@ -1743,6 +1723,8 @@
 
 	if (sb->final_buf_size && cp[-1] != '\n')
 		putchar('\n');
+
+	commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 }
 
 static void output(struct scoreboard *sb, int option)
@@ -1828,16 +1810,14 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-/*
- * How many columns do we need to show line numbers in decimal?
- */
-static int lineno_width(int lines)
+static int update_auto_abbrev(int auto_abbrev, struct origin *suspect)
 {
-	int i, width;
-
-	for (width = 1, i = 10; i <= lines; width++)
-		i *= 10;
-	return width;
+	const char *uniq = find_unique_abbrev(suspect->commit->object.sha1,
+					      auto_abbrev);
+	int len = strlen(uniq);
+	if (auto_abbrev < len)
+		return len;
+	return auto_abbrev;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -1850,12 +1830,16 @@
 	int longest_dst_lines = 0;
 	unsigned largest_score = 0;
 	struct blame_entry *e;
+	int compute_auto_abbrev = (abbrev < 0);
+	int auto_abbrev = default_abbrev;
 
 	for (e = sb->ent; e; e = e->next) {
 		struct origin *suspect = e->suspect;
 		struct commit_info ci;
 		int num;
 
+		if (compute_auto_abbrev)
+			auto_abbrev = update_auto_abbrev(auto_abbrev, suspect);
 		if (strcmp(suspect->path, sb->path))
 			*option |= OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME;
 		num = strlen(suspect->path);
@@ -1865,9 +1849,9 @@
 			suspect->commit->object.flags |= METAINFO_SHOWN;
 			get_commit_info(suspect->commit, &ci, 1);
 			if (*option & OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL)
-				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author_mail);
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author_mail.buf);
 			else
-				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author);
+				num = utf8_strwidth(ci.author.buf);
 			if (longest_author < num)
 				longest_author = num;
 		}
@@ -1879,10 +1863,16 @@
 			longest_dst_lines = num;
 		if (largest_score < ent_score(sb, e))
 			largest_score = ent_score(sb, e);
+
+		commit_info_destroy(&ci);
 	}
-	max_orig_digits = lineno_width(longest_src_lines);
-	max_digits = lineno_width(longest_dst_lines);
-	max_score_digits = lineno_width(largest_score);
+	max_orig_digits = decimal_width(longest_src_lines);
+	max_digits = decimal_width(longest_dst_lines);
+	max_score_digits = decimal_width(largest_score);
+
+	if (compute_auto_abbrev)
+		/* one more abbrev length is needed for the boundary commit */
+		abbrev = auto_abbrev + 1;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -2050,18 +2040,61 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
-	case 0:
-		break;
-	case -1:
+	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	default:
-		return 0;
-	}
 
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
+static void verify_working_tree_path(struct commit *work_tree, const char *path)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents;
+
+	for (parents = work_tree->parents; parents; parents = parents->next) {
+		const unsigned char *commit_sha1 = parents->item->object.sha1;
+		unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
+		unsigned mode;
+
+		if (!get_tree_entry(commit_sha1, path, blob_sha1, &mode) &&
+		    sha1_object_info(blob_sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
+			return;
+	}
+	die("no such path '%s' in HEAD", path);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list **append_parent(struct commit_list **tail, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct commit *parent;
+
+	parent = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!parent)
+		die("no such commit %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	return &commit_list_insert(parent, tail)->next;
+}
+
+static void append_merge_parents(struct commit_list **tail)
+{
+	int merge_head;
+	const char *merge_head_file = git_path("MERGE_HEAD");
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	merge_head = open(merge_head_file, O_RDONLY);
+	if (merge_head < 0) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return;
+		die("cannot open '%s' for reading", merge_head_file);
+	}
+
+	while (!strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&line, merge_head, '\n')) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		if (line.len < 40 || get_sha1_hex(line.buf, sha1))
+			die("unknown line in '%s': %s", merge_head_file, line.buf);
+		tail = append_parent(tail, sha1);
+	}
+	close(merge_head);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+}
+
 /*
  * Prepare a dummy commit that represents the work tree (or staged) item.
  * Note that annotating work tree item never works in the reverse.
@@ -2072,6 +2105,7 @@
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct origin *origin;
+	struct commit_list **parent_tail, *parent;
 	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *ident;
@@ -2079,23 +2113,42 @@
 	int size, len;
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	unsigned mode;
-
-	if (get_sha1("HEAD", head_sha1))
-		die("No such ref: HEAD");
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	time(&now);
 	commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*commit));
-	commit->parents = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*commit->parents));
-	commit->parents->item = lookup_commit_reference(head_sha1);
 	commit->object.parsed = 1;
 	commit->date = now;
 	commit->object.type = OBJ_COMMIT;
+	parent_tail = &commit->parents;
+
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL))
+		die("no such ref: HEAD");
+
+	parent_tail = append_parent(parent_tail, head_sha1);
+	append_merge_parents(parent_tail);
+	verify_working_tree_path(commit, path);
 
 	origin = make_origin(commit, path);
 
+	ident = fmt_ident("Not Committed Yet", "not.committed.yet", NULL, 0);
+	strbuf_addstr(&msg, "tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n");
+	for (parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next)
+		strbuf_addf(&msg, "parent %s\n",
+			    sha1_to_hex(parent->item->object.sha1));
+	strbuf_addf(&msg,
+		    "author %s\n"
+		    "committer %s\n\n"
+		    "Version of %s from %s\n",
+		    ident, ident, path,
+		    (!contents_from ? path :
+		     (!strcmp(contents_from, "-") ? "standard input" : contents_from)));
+	commit->buffer = strbuf_detach(&msg, NULL);
+
 	if (!contents_from || strcmp("-", contents_from)) {
 		struct stat st;
 		const char *read_from;
+		char *buf_ptr;
 		unsigned long buf_len;
 
 		if (contents_from) {
@@ -2113,8 +2166,8 @@
 		switch (st.st_mode & S_IFMT) {
 		case S_IFREG:
 			if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-			    textconv_object(read_from, mode, null_sha1, &buf.buf, &buf_len))
-				buf.len = buf_len;
+			    textconv_object(read_from, mode, null_sha1, 0, &buf_ptr, &buf_len))
+				strbuf_attach(&buf, buf_ptr, buf_len, buf_len + 1);
 			else if (strbuf_read_file(&buf, read_from, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
 				die_errno("cannot open or read '%s'", read_from);
 			break;
@@ -2128,7 +2181,6 @@
 	}
 	else {
 		/* Reading from stdin */
-		contents_from = "standard input";
 		mode = 0;
 		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
 			die_errno("failed to read from stdin");
@@ -2161,7 +2213,8 @@
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, origin->blob_sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, 0);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 
@@ -2172,16 +2225,6 @@
 	 */
 	cache_tree_invalidate_path(active_cache_tree, path);
 
-	commit->buffer = xmalloc(400);
-	ident = fmt_ident("Not Committed Yet", "not.committed.yet", NULL, 0);
-	snprintf(commit->buffer, 400,
-		"tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
-		"parent %s\n"
-		"author %s\n"
-		"committer %s\n\n"
-		"Version of %s from %s\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(head_sha1),
-		ident, ident, path, contents_from ? contents_from : path);
 	return commit;
 }
 
@@ -2304,26 +2347,27 @@
 	static const char *revs_file = NULL;
 	static const char *contents_from = NULL;
 	static const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "incremental", &incremental, "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', NULL, &blank_boundary, "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "show-stats", &show_stats, "Show work cost statistics"),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "score-debug", &output_option, "Show output score for blame entries", OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE),
-		OPT_BIT('f', "show-name", &output_option, "Show original filename (Default: auto)", OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME),
-		OPT_BIT('n', "show-number", &output_option, "Show original linenumber (Default: off)", OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER),
-		OPT_BIT('p', "porcelain", &output_option, "Show in a format designed for machine consumption", OUTPUT_PORCELAIN),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "line-porcelain", &output_option, "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information", OUTPUT_PORCELAIN|OUTPUT_LINE_PORCELAIN),
-		OPT_BIT('c', NULL, &output_option, "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)", OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT),
-		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &output_option, "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP),
-		OPT_BIT('l', NULL, &output_option, "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)", OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME),
-		OPT_BIT('s', NULL, &output_option, "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)", OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR),
-		OPT_BIT('e', "show-email", &output_option, "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)", OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL),
-		OPT_BIT('w', NULL, &xdl_opts, "Ignore whitespace differences", XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE),
-		OPT_STRING('S', NULL, &revs_file, "file", "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "contents", &contents_from, "file", "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', NULL, &opt, "score", "Find line copies within and across files", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_copy_callback },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'M', NULL, &opt, "score", "Find line movements within and across files", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_move_callback },
-		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, &bottomtop, "n,m", "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1", blame_bottomtop_callback),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "incremental", &incremental, N_("Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', NULL, &blank_boundary, N_("Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, N_("Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "show-stats", &show_stats, N_("Show work cost statistics")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "score-debug", &output_option, N_("Show output score for blame entries"), OUTPUT_SHOW_SCORE),
+		OPT_BIT('f', "show-name", &output_option, N_("Show original filename (Default: auto)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_NAME),
+		OPT_BIT('n', "show-number", &output_option, N_("Show original linenumber (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_NUMBER),
+		OPT_BIT('p', "porcelain", &output_option, N_("Show in a format designed for machine consumption"), OUTPUT_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "line-porcelain", &output_option, N_("Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"), OUTPUT_PORCELAIN|OUTPUT_LINE_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BIT('c', NULL, &output_option, N_("Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_ANNOTATE_COMPAT),
+		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &output_option, N_("Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_RAW_TIMESTAMP),
+		OPT_BIT('l', NULL, &output_option, N_("Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_LONG_OBJECT_NAME),
+		OPT_BIT('s', NULL, &output_option, N_("Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_NO_AUTHOR),
+		OPT_BIT('e', "show-email", &output_option, N_("Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"), OUTPUT_SHOW_EMAIL),
+		OPT_BIT('w', NULL, &xdl_opts, N_("Ignore whitespace differences"), XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "minimal", &xdl_opts, N_("Spend extra cycles to find better match"), XDF_NEED_MINIMAL),
+		OPT_STRING('S', NULL, &revs_file, N_("file"), N_("Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "contents", &contents_from, N_("file"), N_("Use <file>'s contents as the final image")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', NULL, &opt, N_("score"), N_("Find line copies within and across files"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_copy_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'M', NULL, &opt, N_("score"), N_("Find line movements within and across files"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, blame_move_callback },
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, &bottomtop, N_("n,m"), N_("Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"), blame_bottomtop_callback),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -2335,6 +2379,7 @@
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	revs.date_mode = blame_date_mode;
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 
 	save_commit_buffer = 0;
 	dashdash_pos = 0;
@@ -2358,12 +2403,13 @@
 		parse_revision_opt(&revs, &ctx, options, blame_opt_usage);
 	}
 parse_done:
+	no_whole_file_rename = !DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&revs.diffopt, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
 
-	if (abbrev == -1)
-		abbrev = default_abbrev;
-	/* one more abbrev length is needed for the boundary commit */
-	abbrev++;
+	if (0 < abbrev)
+		/* one more abbrev length is needed for the boundary commit */
+		abbrev++;
 
 	if (revs_file && read_ancestry(revs_file))
 		die_errno("reading graft file '%s' failed", revs_file);
@@ -2505,7 +2551,7 @@
 			die("no such path %s in %s", path, final_commit_name);
 
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&sb.revs->diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV) &&
-		    textconv_object(path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, (char **) &sb.final_buf,
+		    textconv_object(path, o->mode, o->blob_sha1, 1, (char **) &sb.final_buf,
 				    &sb.final_buf_size))
 			;
 		else
diff --git a/builtin/branch.c b/builtin/branch.c
index 009b713..77b4358 100644
--- a/builtin/branch.c
+++ b/builtin/branch.c
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_branch_usage[] = {
-	"git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]",
-	"git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]",
-	"git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>...",
-	"git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>",
+	N_("git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"),
+	N_("git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"),
+	N_("git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."),
+	N_("git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -53,6 +56,9 @@
 } merge_filter;
 static unsigned char merge_filter_ref[20];
 
+static struct string_list output = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+static unsigned int colopts;
+
 static int parse_branch_color_slot(const char *var, int ofs)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(var+ofs, "plain"))
@@ -70,6 +76,8 @@
 
 static int git_branch_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "column."))
+		return git_column_config(var, value, "branch", &colopts);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "color.branch")) {
 		branch_use_color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -104,6 +112,7 @@
 	 */
 	struct commit *reference_rev = NULL;
 	const char *reference_name = NULL;
+	void *reference_name_to_free = NULL;
 	int merged;
 
 	if (kind == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH) {
@@ -114,14 +123,14 @@
 		    branch->merge &&
 		    branch->merge[0] &&
 		    branch->merge[0]->dst &&
-		    (reference_name =
-		     resolve_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, sha1, 1, NULL)) != NULL)
+		    (reference_name = reference_name_to_free =
+		     resolve_refdup(branch->merge[0]->dst, sha1, 1, NULL)) != NULL)
 			reference_rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	}
 	if (!reference_rev)
 		reference_rev = head_rev;
 
-	merged = in_merge_bases(rev, &reference_rev, 1);
+	merged = in_merge_bases(rev, reference_rev);
 
 	/*
 	 * After the safety valve is fully redefined to "check with
@@ -131,7 +140,7 @@
 	 * a gentle reminder is in order.
 	 */
 	if ((head_rev != reference_rev) &&
-	    in_merge_bases(rev, &head_rev, 1) != merged) {
+	    in_merge_bases(rev, head_rev) != merged) {
 		if (merged)
 			warning(_("deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
 				"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."),
@@ -141,29 +150,59 @@
 				"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."),
 				name, reference_name);
 	}
+	free(reference_name_to_free);
 	return merged;
 }
 
-static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds)
+static int check_branch_commit(const char *branchname, const char *refname,
+			       unsigned char *sha1, struct commit *head_rev,
+			       int kinds, int force)
 {
-	struct commit *rev, *head_rev = NULL;
+	struct commit *rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+	if (!rev) {
+		error(_("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"), refname);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!force && !branch_merged(kinds, branchname, rev, head_rev)) {
+		error(_("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+		      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
+		      "run 'git branch -D %s'."), branchname, branchname);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void delete_branch_config(const char *branchname)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", branchname);
+	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
+		warning(_("Update of config-file failed"));
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static int delete_branches(int argc, const char **argv, int force, int kinds,
+			   int quiet)
+{
+	struct commit *head_rev = NULL;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	char *name = NULL;
-	const char *fmt, *remote;
+	const char *fmt;
 	int i;
 	int ret = 0;
+	int remote_branch = 0;
 	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	switch (kinds) {
 	case REF_REMOTE_BRANCH:
 		fmt = "refs/remotes/%s";
-		/* TRANSLATORS: This is "remote " in "remote branch '%s' not found" */
-		remote = _("remote ");
+		/* For subsequent UI messages */
+		remote_branch = 1;
+
 		force = 1;
 		break;
 	case REF_LOCAL_BRANCH:
 		fmt = "refs/heads/%s";
-		remote = "";
 		break;
 	default:
 		die(_("cannot use -a with -d"));
@@ -175,6 +214,9 @@
 			die(_("Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"));
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++, strbuf_release(&bname)) {
+		const char *target;
+		int flags = 0;
+
 		strbuf_branchname(&bname, argv[i]);
 		if (kinds == REF_LOCAL_BRANCH && !strcmp(head, bname.buf)) {
 			error(_("Cannot delete the branch '%s' "
@@ -185,43 +227,42 @@
 
 		free(name);
 
-		name = xstrdup(mkpath(fmt, bname.buf));
-		if (!resolve_ref(name, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error(_("%sbranch '%s' not found."),
-					remote, bname.buf);
+		name = mkpathdup(fmt, bname.buf);
+		target = resolve_ref_unsafe(name, sha1, 0, &flags);
+		if (!target ||
+		    (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF) && is_null_sha1(sha1))) {
+			error(remote_branch
+			      ? _("remote branch '%s' not found.")
+			      : _("branch '%s' not found."), bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		rev = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-		if (!rev) {
-			error(_("Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"), name);
+		if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
+		    check_branch_commit(bname.buf, name, sha1, head_rev, kinds,
+					force)) {
 			ret = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!force && !branch_merged(kinds, bname.buf, rev, head_rev)) {
-			error(_("The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
-			      "If you are sure you want to delete it, "
-			      "run 'git branch -D %s'."), bname.buf, bname.buf);
-			ret = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, 0)) {
-			error(_("Error deleting %sbranch '%s'"), remote,
+		if (delete_ref(name, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
+			error(remote_branch
+			      ? _("Error deleting remote branch '%s'")
+			      : _("Error deleting branch '%s'"),
 			      bname.buf);
 			ret = 1;
-		} else {
-			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-			printf(_("Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n"), remote,
-			       bname.buf,
-			       find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s", bname.buf);
-			if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 0)
-				warning(_("Update of config-file failed"));
-			strbuf_release(&buf);
+			continue;
 		}
+		if (!quiet) {
+			printf(remote_branch
+			       ? _("Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n")
+			       : _("Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"),
+			       bname.buf,
+			       (flags & REF_ISSYMREF)
+			       ? target
+			       : find_unique_abbrev(sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
+		}
+		delete_branch_config(bname.buf);
 	}
 
 	free(name);
@@ -232,7 +273,7 @@
 struct ref_item {
 	char *name;
 	char *dest;
-	unsigned int kind, len;
+	unsigned int kind, width;
 	struct commit *commit;
 };
 
@@ -250,7 +291,7 @@
 	int flag;
 	const char *dst, *cp;
 
-	dst = resolve_ref(src, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	dst = resolve_ref_unsafe(src, sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (!(dst && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)))
 		return NULL;
 	if (prefix && (cp = skip_prefix(dst, prefix)))
@@ -337,14 +378,14 @@
 	newitem->name = xstrdup(refname);
 	newitem->kind = kind;
 	newitem->commit = commit;
-	newitem->len = strlen(refname);
+	newitem->width = utf8_strwidth(refname);
 	newitem->dest = resolve_symref(orig_refname, prefix);
 	/* adjust for "remotes/" */
 	if (newitem->kind == REF_REMOTE_BRANCH &&
 	    ref_list->kinds != REF_REMOTE_BRANCH)
-		newitem->len += 8;
-	if (newitem->len > ref_list->maxwidth)
-		ref_list->maxwidth = newitem->len;
+		newitem->width += 8;
+	if (newitem->width > ref_list->maxwidth)
+		ref_list->maxwidth = newitem->width;
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -374,6 +415,7 @@
 		int show_upstream_ref)
 {
 	int ours, theirs;
+	char *ref = NULL;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(branch_name);
 
 	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &ours, &theirs)) {
@@ -384,16 +426,29 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addch(stat, '[');
 	if (show_upstream_ref)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, "%s: ",
-			shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0));
-	if (!ours)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, _("behind %d] "), theirs);
-	else if (!theirs)
-		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d] "), ours);
-	else
-		strbuf_addf(stat, _("ahead %d, behind %d] "), ours, theirs);
+		ref = shorten_unambiguous_ref(branch->merge[0]->dst, 0);
+	if (!ours) {
+		if (ref)
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: behind %d]"), ref, theirs);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[behind %d]"), theirs);
+
+	} else if (!theirs) {
+		if (ref)
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d]"), ref, ours);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d]"), ours);
+	} else {
+		if (ref)
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"),
+				    ref, ours, theirs);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(stat, _("[ahead %d, behind %d]"),
+				    ours, theirs);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(stat, ' ');
+	free(ref);
 }
 
 static int matches_merge_filter(struct commit *commit)
@@ -459,11 +514,12 @@
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&name, "%s%s", prefix, item->name);
-	if (verbose)
+	if (verbose) {
+		int utf8_compensation = strlen(name.buf) - utf8_strwidth(name.buf);
 		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%-*s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
-			    maxwidth, name.buf,
+			    maxwidth + utf8_compensation, name.buf,
 			    branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
-	else
+	} else
 		strbuf_addf(&out, "%c %s%s%s", c, branch_get_color(color),
 			    name.buf, branch_get_color(BRANCH_COLOR_RESET));
 
@@ -472,7 +528,12 @@
 	else if (verbose)
 		/* " f7c0c00 [ahead 58, behind 197] vcs-svn: drop obj_pool.h" */
 		add_verbose_info(&out, item, verbose, abbrev);
-	printf("%s\n", out.buf);
+	if (column_active(colopts)) {
+		assert(!verbose && "--column and --verbose are incompatible");
+		string_list_append(&output, out.buf);
+	} else {
+		printf("%s\n", out.buf);
+	}
 	strbuf_release(&name);
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
@@ -483,8 +544,8 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < refs->index; i++) {
 		if (!matches_merge_filter(refs->list[i].commit))
 			continue;
-		if (refs->list[i].len > w)
-			w = refs->list[i].len;
+		if (refs->list[i].width > w)
+			w = refs->list[i].width;
 	}
 	return w;
 }
@@ -497,12 +558,12 @@
 	if (head_commit && is_descendant_of(head_commit, ref_list->with_commit)) {
 		struct ref_item item;
 		item.name = xstrdup(_("(no branch)"));
-		item.len = strlen(item.name);
+		item.width = utf8_strwidth(item.name);
 		item.kind = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
 		item.dest = NULL;
 		item.commit = head_commit;
-		if (item.len > ref_list->maxwidth)
-			ref_list->maxwidth = item.len;
+		if (item.width > ref_list->maxwidth)
+			ref_list->maxwidth = item.width;
 		print_ref_item(&item, ref_list->maxwidth, ref_list->verbose, ref_list->abbrev, 1, "");
 		free(item.name);
 	}
@@ -528,6 +589,10 @@
 	if (merge_filter != NO_FILTER) {
 		struct commit *filter;
 		filter = lookup_commit_reference_gently(merge_filter_ref, 0);
+		if (!filter)
+			die("object '%s' does not point to a commit",
+			    sha1_to_hex(merge_filter_ref));
+
 		filter->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 		add_pending_object(&ref_list.revs,
 				   (struct object *) filter, "");
@@ -565,9 +630,9 @@
 static void rename_branch(const char *oldname, const char *newname, int force)
 {
 	struct strbuf oldref = STRBUF_INIT, newref = STRBUF_INIT, logmsg = STRBUF_INIT;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct strbuf oldsection = STRBUF_INIT, newsection = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int recovery = 0;
+	int clobber_head_ok;
 
 	if (!oldname)
 		die(_("cannot rename the current branch while not on any."));
@@ -577,13 +642,19 @@
 		 * Bad name --- this could be an attempt to rename a
 		 * ref that we used to allow to be created by accident.
 		 */
-		if (resolve_ref(oldref.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
+		if (ref_exists(oldref.buf))
 			recovery = 1;
 		else
 			die(_("Invalid branch name: '%s'"), oldname);
 	}
 
-	validate_new_branchname(newname, &newref, force, 0);
+	/*
+	 * A command like "git branch -M currentbranch currentbranch" cannot
+	 * cause the worktree to become inconsistent with HEAD, so allow it.
+	 */
+	clobber_head_ok = !strcmp(oldname, newname);
+
+	validate_new_branchname(newname, &newref, force, clobber_head_ok);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&logmsg, "Branch: renamed %s to %s",
 		 oldref.buf, newref.buf);
@@ -623,62 +694,108 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static const char edit_description[] = "BRANCH_DESCRIPTION";
+
+static int edit_branch_description(const char *branch_name)
+{
+	FILE *fp;
+	int status;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf name = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	read_branch_desc(&buf, branch_name);
+	if (!buf.len || buf.buf[buf.len-1] != '\n')
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	strbuf_commented_addf(&buf,
+		    "Please edit the description for the branch\n"
+		    "  %s\n"
+		    "Lines starting with '%c' will be stripped.\n",
+		    branch_name, comment_line_char);
+	fp = fopen(git_path(edit_description), "w");
+	if ((fwrite(buf.buf, 1, buf.len, fp) < buf.len) || fclose(fp)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return error(_("could not write branch description template: %s"),
+			     strerror(errno));
+	}
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	if (launch_editor(git_path(edit_description), &buf, NULL)) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	stripspace(&buf, 1);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&name, "branch.%s.description", branch_name);
+	status = git_config_set(name.buf, buf.len ? buf.buf : NULL);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	return status;
+}
+
 int cmd_branch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int delete = 0, rename = 0, force_create = 0, list = 0;
 	int verbose = 0, abbrev = -1, detached = 0;
-	int reflog = 0;
+	int reflog = 0, edit_description = 0;
+	int quiet = 0, unset_upstream = 0;
+	const char *new_upstream = NULL;
 	enum branch_track track;
 	int kinds = REF_LOCAL_BRANCH;
 	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("Generic options"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Generic options")),
 		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose,
-			"show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))",
+			N_("show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress informational messages")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &track, N_("set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"),
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
-		OPT_SET_INT( 0, "set-upstream",  &track, "change upstream info",
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0, "set-upstream",  &track, N_("change upstream info"),
 			BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE),
-		OPT__COLOR(&branch_use_color, "use colored output"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('r', "remotes",     &kinds, "act on remote-tracking branches",
+		OPT_STRING('u', "set-upstream-to", &new_upstream, "upstream", "change the upstream info"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unset-upstream", &unset_upstream, "Unset the upstream info"),
+		OPT__COLOR(&branch_use_color, N_("use colored output")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('r', "remotes",     &kinds, N_("act on remote-tracking branches"),
 			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH),
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
-			"print only branches that contain the commit",
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
+			N_("print only branches that contain the commit"),
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
 			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
 		},
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, "commit",
-			"print only branches that contain the commit",
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "with", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
+			N_("print only branches that contain the commit"),
 			PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
 			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
 		},
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 
-		OPT_GROUP("Specific git-branch actions:"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('a', "all", &kinds, "list both remote-tracking and local branches",
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Specific git-branch actions:")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('a', "all", &kinds, N_("list both remote-tracking and local branches"),
 			REF_REMOTE_BRANCH | REF_LOCAL_BRANCH),
-		OPT_BIT('d', "delete", &delete, "delete fully merged branch", 1),
-		OPT_BIT('D', NULL, &delete, "delete branch (even if not merged)", 2),
-		OPT_BIT('m', "move", &rename, "move/rename a branch and its reflog", 1),
-		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, "move/rename a branch, even if target exists", 2),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "list", &list, "list branch names"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "create-reflog", &reflog, "create the branch's reflog"),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force_create, "force creation (when already exists)"),
+		OPT_BIT('d', "delete", &delete, N_("delete fully merged branch"), 1),
+		OPT_BIT('D', NULL, &delete, N_("delete branch (even if not merged)"), 2),
+		OPT_BIT('m', "move", &rename, N_("move/rename a branch and its reflog"), 1),
+		OPT_BIT('M', NULL, &rename, N_("move/rename a branch, even if target exists"), 2),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "list", &list, N_("list branch names")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "create-reflog", &reflog, N_("create the branch's reflog")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "edit-description", &edit_description,
+			    N_("edit the description for the branch")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force_create, N_("force creation (when already exists)")),
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "no-merged", &merge_filter_ref,
-			"commit", "print only not merged branches",
+			N_("commit"), N_("print only not merged branches"),
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
 		},
 		{
 			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "merged", &merge_filter_ref,
-			"commit", "print only merged branches",
+			N_("commit"), N_("print only merged branches"),
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			opt_parse_merge_filter, (intptr_t) "HEAD",
 		},
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("list branches in columns")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -689,10 +806,9 @@
 
 	track = git_branch_track;
 
-	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	if (!head)
 		die(_("Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."));
-	head = xstrdup(head);
 	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
 		detached = 1;
 	} else {
@@ -702,32 +818,124 @@
 	}
 	hashcpy(merge_filter_ref, head_sha1);
 
+
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, builtin_branch_usage,
 			     0);
 
-	if (!delete && !rename && !force_create && argc == 0)
+	if (!delete && !rename && !edit_description && !new_upstream && !unset_upstream && argc == 0)
 		list = 1;
 
-	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!force_create + !!list > 1)
+	if (!!delete + !!rename + !!force_create + !!list + !!new_upstream + !!unset_upstream > 1)
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
 	if (abbrev == -1)
 		abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
+	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
+	if (verbose) {
+		if (explicitly_enable_column(colopts))
+			die(_("--column and --verbose are incompatible"));
+		colopts = 0;
+	}
 
 	if (delete)
-		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, kinds);
-	else if (list)
-		return print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev,
-				      with_commit, argv);
-	else if (rename && (argc == 1))
-		rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
-	else if (rename && (argc == 2))
-		rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
-	else if (argc <= 2) {
+		return delete_branches(argc, argv, delete > 1, kinds, quiet);
+	else if (list) {
+		int ret = print_ref_list(kinds, detached, verbose, abbrev,
+					 with_commit, argv);
+		print_columns(&output, colopts, NULL);
+		string_list_clear(&output, 0);
+		return ret;
+	}
+	else if (edit_description) {
+		const char *branch_name;
+		struct strbuf branch_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (!argc) {
+			if (detached)
+				die("Cannot give description to detached HEAD");
+			branch_name = head;
+		} else if (argc == 1)
+			branch_name = argv[0];
+		else
+			usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
+
+		strbuf_addf(&branch_ref, "refs/heads/%s", branch_name);
+		if (!ref_exists(branch_ref.buf)) {
+			strbuf_release(&branch_ref);
+
+			if (!argc)
+				return error("No commit on branch '%s' yet.",
+					     branch_name);
+			else
+				return error("No such branch '%s'.", branch_name);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&branch_ref);
+
+		if (edit_branch_description(branch_name))
+			return 1;
+	} else if (rename) {
+		if (argc == 1)
+			rename_branch(head, argv[0], rename > 1);
+		else if (argc == 2)
+			rename_branch(argv[0], argv[1], rename > 1);
+		else
+			usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
+	} else if (new_upstream) {
+		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
+
+		if (!ref_exists(branch->refname))
+			die(_("branch '%s' does not exist"), branch->name);
+
+		/*
+		 * create_branch takes care of setting up the tracking
+		 * info and making sure new_upstream is correct
+		 */
+		create_branch(head, branch->name, new_upstream, 0, 0, 0, quiet, BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE);
+	} else if (unset_upstream) {
+		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (!branch_has_merge_config(branch)) {
+			die(_("Branch '%s' has no upstream information"), branch->name);
+		}
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.remote", branch->name);
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.merge", branch->name);
+		git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	} else if (argc > 0 && argc <= 2) {
+		struct branch *branch = branch_get(argv[0]);
+		int branch_existed = 0, remote_tracking = 0;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
 		if (kinds != REF_LOCAL_BRANCH)
 			die(_("-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"));
+
+		if (track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE)
+			fprintf(stderr, _("The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to\n"));
+
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s", branch->name);
+		remote_tracking = ref_exists(buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+		branch_existed = ref_exists(branch->refname);
 		create_branch(head, argv[0], (argc == 2) ? argv[1] : head,
-			      force_create, reflog, track);
+			      force_create, reflog, 0, quiet, track);
+
+		/*
+		 * We only show the instructions if the user gave us
+		 * one branch which doesn't exist locally, but is the
+		 * name of a remote-tracking branch.
+		 */
+		if (argc == 1 && track == BRANCH_TRACK_OVERRIDE &&
+		    !branch_existed && remote_tracking) {
+			fprintf(stderr, _("\nIf you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n\n"), head, branch->name);
+			fprintf(stderr, _("    git branch -d %s\n"), branch->name);
+			fprintf(stderr, _("    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"), branch->name);
+		}
+
 	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_branch_usage, options);
 
diff --git a/builtin/cat-file.c b/builtin/cat-file.c
index 07bd984..00528dd 100644
--- a/builtin/cat-file.c
+++ b/builtin/cat-file.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
 
 #define BATCH 1
 #define BATCH_CHECK 2
@@ -90,7 +91,7 @@
 	unsigned long size;
 	struct object_context obj_context;
 
-	if (get_sha1_with_context(obj_name, sha1, &obj_context))
+	if (get_sha1_with_context(obj_name, 0, sha1, &obj_context))
 		die("Not a valid object name %s", obj_name);
 
 	buf = NULL;
@@ -127,6 +128,8 @@
 			return cmd_ls_tree(2, ls_args, NULL);
 		}
 
+		if (type == OBJ_BLOB)
+			return stream_blob_to_fd(1, sha1, NULL, 0);
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
 			die("Cannot read object %s", obj_name);
@@ -143,12 +146,34 @@
 			die("git cat-file --textconv %s: <object> must be <sha1:path>",
 			    obj_name);
 
-		if (!textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, sha1, &buf, &size))
+		if (!textconv_object(obj_context.path, obj_context.mode, sha1, 1, &buf, &size))
 			die("git cat-file --textconv: unable to run textconv on %s",
 			    obj_name);
 		break;
 
 	case 0:
+		if (type_from_string(exp_type) == OBJ_BLOB) {
+			unsigned char blob_sha1[20];
+			if (sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL) == OBJ_TAG) {
+				enum object_type type;
+				unsigned long size;
+				char *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+				if (memcmp(buffer, "object ", 7) ||
+				    get_sha1_hex(buffer + 7, blob_sha1))
+					die("%s not a valid tag", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				free(buffer);
+			} else
+				hashcpy(blob_sha1, sha1);
+
+			if (sha1_object_info(blob_sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)
+				return stream_blob_to_fd(1, blob_sha1, NULL, 0);
+			/*
+			 * we attempted to dereference a tag to a blob
+			 * and failed; there may be new dereference
+			 * mechanisms this code is not aware of.
+			 * fall-back to the usual case.
+			 */
+		}
 		buf = read_object_with_reference(sha1, exp_type, &size, NULL);
 		break;
 
@@ -219,21 +244,15 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const cat_file_usage[] = {
-	"git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>",
-	"git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>",
+	N_("git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"),
+	N_("git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static int git_cat_file_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
-	case 0:
-		break;
-	case -1:
+	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	default:
-		return 0;
-	}
 
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
@@ -244,19 +263,19 @@
 	const char *exp_type = NULL, *obj_name = NULL;
 
 	const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('t', NULL, &opt, "show object type", 't'),
-		OPT_SET_INT('s', NULL, &opt, "show object size", 's'),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', NULL, &opt, N_("show object type"), 't'),
+		OPT_SET_INT('s', NULL, &opt, N_("show object size"), 's'),
 		OPT_SET_INT('e', NULL, &opt,
-			    "exit with zero when there's no error", 'e'),
-		OPT_SET_INT('p', NULL, &opt, "pretty-print object's content", 'p'),
+			    N_("exit with zero when there's no error"), 'e'),
+		OPT_SET_INT('p', NULL, &opt, N_("pretty-print object's content"), 'p'),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "textconv", &opt,
-			    "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content", 'c'),
+			    N_("for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"), 'c'),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "batch", &batch,
-			    "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input",
+			    N_("show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"),
 			    BATCH),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "batch-check", &batch,
-			    "show info about objects fed from the standard input",
+			    N_("show info about objects fed from the standard input"),
 			    BATCH_CHECK),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
diff --git a/builtin/check-attr.c b/builtin/check-attr.c
index 44c421e..075d01d 100644
--- a/builtin/check-attr.c
+++ b/builtin/check-attr.c
@@ -8,19 +8,19 @@
 static int cached_attrs;
 static int stdin_paths;
 static const char * const check_attr_usage[] = {
-"git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname...",
-"git check-attr --stdin [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>",
+N_("git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."),
+N_("git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"),
 NULL
 };
 
 static int null_term_line;
 
 static const struct option check_attr_options[] = {
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all_attrs, "report all attributes set on file"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0,  "cached", &cached_attrs, "use .gitattributes only from the index"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0 , "stdin", &stdin_paths, "read file names from stdin"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all_attrs, N_("report all attributes set on file")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0,  "cached", &cached_attrs, N_("use .gitattributes only from the index")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0 , "stdin", &stdin_paths, N_("read file names from stdin")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', NULL, &null_term_line,
-		"input paths are terminated by a null character"),
+		N_("input paths are terminated by a null character")),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
diff --git a/builtin/check-ignore.c b/builtin/check-ignore.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..709535c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/check-ignore.c
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static int quiet, verbose, stdin_paths;
+static const char * const check_ignore_usage[] = {
+"git check-ignore [options] pathname...",
+"git check-ignore [options] --stdin < <list-of-paths>",
+NULL
+};
+
+static int null_term_line;
+
+static const struct option check_ignore_options[] = {
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
+	OPT_GROUP(""),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &stdin_paths,
+		    N_("read file names from stdin")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', NULL, &null_term_line,
+		    N_("input paths are terminated by a null character")),
+	OPT_END()
+};
+
+static void output_exclude(const char *path, struct exclude *exclude)
+{
+	char *bang  = exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE  ? "!" : "";
+	char *slash = exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR ? "/" : "";
+	if (!null_term_line) {
+		if (!verbose) {
+			write_name_quoted(path, stdout, '\n');
+		} else {
+			quote_c_style(exclude->el->src, NULL, stdout, 0);
+			printf(":%d:%s%s%s\t",
+			       exclude->srcpos,
+			       bang, exclude->pattern, slash);
+			quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
+			fputc('\n', stdout);
+		}
+	} else {
+		if (!verbose) {
+			printf("%s%c", path, '\0');
+		} else {
+			printf("%s%c%d%c%s%s%s%c%s%c",
+			       exclude->el->src, '\0',
+			       exclude->srcpos, '\0',
+			       bang, exclude->pattern, slash, '\0',
+			       path, '\0');
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+static int check_ignore(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
+{
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	const char *path, *full_path;
+	char *seen;
+	int num_ignored = 0, dtype = DT_UNKNOWN, i;
+	struct path_exclude_check check;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+
+	/* read_cache() is only necessary so we can watch out for submodules. */
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("index file corrupt"));
+
+	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+	dir.flags |= DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED;
+	setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+
+	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
+		if (!quiet)
+			fprintf(stderr, "no pathspec given.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	path_exclude_check_init(&check, &dir);
+	/*
+	 * look for pathspecs matching entries in the index, since these
+	 * should not be ignored, in order to be consistent with
+	 * 'git status', 'git add' etc.
+	 */
+	seen = find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(pathspec);
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i]; i++) {
+		path = pathspec[i];
+		full_path = prefix_path(prefix, prefix
+					? strlen(prefix) : 0, path);
+		full_path = check_path_for_gitlink(full_path);
+		die_if_path_beyond_symlink(full_path, prefix);
+		if (!seen[i] && path[0]) {
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching_path(&check, full_path,
+							     -1, &dtype);
+			if (exclude) {
+				if (!quiet)
+					output_exclude(path, exclude);
+				num_ignored++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	free(seen);
+	clear_directory(&dir);
+	path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
+
+	return num_ignored;
+}
+
+static int check_ignore_stdin_paths(const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf, nbuf;
+	char **pathspec = NULL;
+	size_t nr = 0, alloc = 0;
+	int line_termination = null_term_line ? 0 : '\n';
+	int num_ignored;
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&nbuf, 0);
+	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, line_termination) != EOF) {
+		if (line_termination && buf.buf[0] == '"') {
+			strbuf_reset(&nbuf);
+			if (unquote_c_style(&nbuf, buf.buf, NULL))
+				die("line is badly quoted");
+			strbuf_swap(&buf, &nbuf);
+		}
+		ALLOC_GROW(pathspec, nr + 1, alloc);
+		pathspec[nr] = xcalloc(strlen(buf.buf) + 1, sizeof(*buf.buf));
+		strcpy(pathspec[nr++], buf.buf);
+	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(pathspec, nr + 1, alloc);
+	pathspec[nr] = NULL;
+	num_ignored = check_ignore(prefix, (const char **)pathspec);
+	maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "attribute to stdout");
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&nbuf);
+	free(pathspec);
+	return num_ignored;
+}
+
+int cmd_check_ignore(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	int num_ignored;
+
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, check_ignore_options,
+			     check_ignore_usage, 0);
+
+	if (stdin_paths) {
+		if (argc > 0)
+			die(_("cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"));
+	} else {
+		if (null_term_line)
+			die(_("-z only makes sense with --stdin"));
+		if (argc == 0)
+			die(_("no path specified"));
+	}
+	if (quiet) {
+		if (argc > 1)
+			die(_("--quiet is only valid with a single pathname"));
+		if (verbose)
+			die(_("cannot have both --quiet and --verbose"));
+	}
+
+	if (stdin_paths) {
+		num_ignored = check_ignore_stdin_paths(prefix);
+	} else {
+		num_ignored = check_ignore(prefix, argv);
+		maybe_flush_or_die(stdout, "ignore to stdout");
+	}
+
+	return !num_ignored;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/checkout-index.c b/builtin/checkout-index.c
index c16d82b..b1feda7 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout-index.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout-index.c
@@ -123,7 +123,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const builtin_checkout_index_usage[] = {
-	"git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]",
+	N_("git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -184,27 +184,27 @@
 	int force = 0, quiet = 0, not_new = 0;
 	struct option builtin_checkout_index_options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all,
-			"checks out all files in the index"),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "forces overwrite of existing files"),
+			N_("check out all files in the index")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of existing files")),
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
-			"no warning for existing files and files not in index"),
+			N_("no warning for existing files and files not in index")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-create", &not_new,
-			"don't checkout new files"),
+			N_("don't checkout new files")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'u', "index", &newfd, NULL,
-			"update stat information in the index file",
+			N_("update stat information in the index file"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_u },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin,
-			"read list of paths from the standard input"),
+			N_("read list of paths from the standard input")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "temp", &to_tempfile,
-			"write the content to temporary files"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "prefix", NULL, "string",
-			"when creating files, prepend <string>",
+			N_("write the content to temporary files")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "prefix", NULL, N_("string"),
+			N_("when creating files, prepend <string>"),
 			option_parse_prefix),
 		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "stage", NULL, NULL,
-			"copy out the files from named stage",
+			N_("copy out the files from named stage"),
 			option_parse_stage),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
diff --git a/builtin/checkout.c b/builtin/checkout.c
index 2a80772..a9c1b5a 100644
--- a/builtin/checkout.c
+++ b/builtin/checkout.c
@@ -22,21 +22,19 @@
 #include "argv-array.h"
 
 static const char * const checkout_usage[] = {
-	"git checkout [options] <branch>",
-	"git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>...",
+	N_("git checkout [options] <branch>"),
+	N_("git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."),
 	NULL,
 };
 
 struct checkout_opts {
+	int patch_mode;
 	int quiet;
 	int merge;
 	int force;
 	int force_detach;
 	int writeout_stage;
-	int writeout_error;
-
-	/* not set by parse_options */
-	int branch_exists;
+	int overwrite_ignore;
 
 	const char *new_branch;
 	const char *new_branch_force;
@@ -44,6 +42,11 @@
 	int new_branch_log;
 	enum branch_track track;
 	struct diff_options diff_options;
+
+	int branch_exists;
+	const char *prefix;
+	const char **pathspec;
+	struct tree *source_tree;
 };
 
 static int post_checkout_hook(struct commit *old, struct commit *new,
@@ -72,7 +75,8 @@
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len - baselen);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, 0) | CE_UPDATE;
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0) | CE_UPDATE;
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	add_cache_entry(ce, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
 	return 0;
@@ -114,16 +118,21 @@
 		return error(_("path '%s' does not have their version"), ce->name);
 }
 
-static int check_all_stages(struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
+static int check_stages(unsigned stages, struct cache_entry *ce, int pos)
 {
-	if (ce_stage(ce) != 1 ||
-	    active_nr <= pos + 2 ||
-	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+1]->name, ce->name) ||
-	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
-	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, ce->name) ||
-	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all three versions"),
-			     ce->name);
+	unsigned seen = 0;
+	const char *name = ce->name;
+
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		ce = active_cache[pos];
+		if (strcmp(name, ce->name))
+			break;
+		seen |= (1 << ce_stage(ce));
+		pos++;
+	}
+	if ((stages & seen) != stages)
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"),
+			     name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -150,18 +159,27 @@
 	int status;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	mmbuffer_t result_buf;
+	unsigned char threeway[3][20];
+	unsigned mode = 0;
 
-	if (ce_stage(ce) != 1 ||
-	    active_nr <= pos + 2 ||
-	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+1]->name, path) ||
-	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+1]) != 2 ||
-	    strcmp(active_cache[pos+2]->name, path) ||
-	    ce_stage(active_cache[pos+2]) != 3)
-		return error(_("path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"), path);
+	memset(threeway, 0, sizeof(threeway));
+	while (pos < active_nr) {
+		int stage;
+		stage = ce_stage(ce);
+		if (!stage || strcmp(path, ce->name))
+			break;
+		hashcpy(threeway[stage - 1], ce->sha1);
+		if (stage == 2)
+			mode = create_ce_mode(ce->ce_mode);
+		pos++;
+		ce = active_cache[pos];
+	}
+	if (is_null_sha1(threeway[1]) || is_null_sha1(threeway[2]))
+		return error(_("path '%s' does not have necessary versions"), path);
 
-	read_mmblob(&ancestor, active_cache[pos]->sha1);
-	read_mmblob(&ours, active_cache[pos+1]->sha1);
-	read_mmblob(&theirs, active_cache[pos+2]->sha1);
+	read_mmblob(&ancestor, threeway[0]);
+	read_mmblob(&ours, threeway[1]);
+	read_mmblob(&theirs, threeway[2]);
 
 	/*
 	 * NEEDSWORK: re-create conflicts from merges with
@@ -192,17 +210,15 @@
 	if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
 			    blob_type, sha1))
 		die(_("Unable to add merge result for '%s'"), path);
-	ce = make_cache_entry(create_ce_mode(active_cache[pos+1]->ce_mode),
-			      sha1,
-			      path, 2, 0);
+	ce = make_cache_entry(mode, sha1, path, 2, 0);
 	if (!ce)
 		die(_("make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"), path);
 	status = checkout_entry(ce, state, NULL);
 	return status;
 }
 
-static int checkout_paths(struct tree *source_tree, const char **pathspec,
-			  const char *prefix, struct checkout_opts *opts)
+static int checkout_paths(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
+			  const char *revision)
 {
 	int pos;
 	struct checkout state;
@@ -214,37 +230,65 @@
 	int stage = opts->writeout_stage;
 	int merge = opts->merge;
 	int newfd;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+
+	if (opts->track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"), "--track");
+
+	if (opts->new_branch_log)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"), "-l");
+
+	if (opts->force && opts->patch_mode)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"), "-f");
+
+	if (opts->force_detach)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"), "--detach");
+
+	if (opts->merge && opts->patch_mode)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with %s"), "--merge", "--patch");
+
+	if (opts->force && opts->merge)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with %s"), "-f", "-m");
+
+	if (opts->new_branch)
+		die(_("Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."),
+		    opts->new_branch);
+
+	if (opts->patch_mode)
+		return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=checkout",
+					   opts->pathspec);
+
+	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
 	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-	if (read_cache_preload(pathspec) < 0)
+	if (read_cache_preload(opts->pathspec) < 0)
 		return error(_("corrupt index file"));
 
-	if (source_tree)
-		read_tree_some(source_tree, pathspec);
+	if (opts->source_tree)
+		read_tree_some(opts->source_tree, opts->pathspec);
 
-	for (pos = 0; pathspec[pos]; pos++)
+	for (pos = 0; opts->pathspec[pos]; pos++)
 		;
 	ps_matched = xcalloc(1, pos);
 
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
+		if (opts->source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
 			continue;
-		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, ps_matched);
+		match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, ps_matched);
 	}
 
-	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, pathspec, prefix))
+	if (report_path_error(ps_matched, opts->pathspec, opts->prefix))
 		return 1;
 
 	/* "checkout -m path" to recreate conflicted state */
 	if (opts->merge)
-		unmerge_cache(pathspec);
+		unmerge_cache(opts->pathspec);
 
 	/* Any unmerged paths? */
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+		if (match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
 			if (opts->force) {
@@ -252,7 +296,7 @@
 			} else if (stage) {
 				errs |= check_stage(stage, ce, pos);
 			} else if (opts->merge) {
-				errs |= check_all_stages(ce, pos);
+				errs |= check_stages((1<<2) | (1<<3), ce, pos);
 			} else {
 				errs = 1;
 				error(_("path '%s' is unmerged"), ce->name);
@@ -269,9 +313,9 @@
 	state.refresh_cache = 1;
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
-		if (source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
+		if (opts->source_tree && !(ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE))
 			continue;
-		if (match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
+		if (match_pathspec(opts->pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, NULL)) {
 			if (!ce_stage(ce)) {
 				errs |= checkout_entry(ce, &state, NULL);
 				continue;
@@ -288,22 +332,22 @@
 	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
 		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
 
-	resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
+	read_ref_full("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
 	head = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
 
 	errs |= post_checkout_hook(head, head, 0);
 	return errs;
 }
 
-static void show_local_changes(struct object *head, struct diff_options *opts)
+static void show_local_changes(struct object *head,
+			       const struct diff_options *opts)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	/* I think we want full paths, even if we're in a subdirectory. */
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.flags = opts->flags;
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NAME_STATUS;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-		die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
+	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 	add_pending_object(&rev, head, NULL);
 	run_diff_index(&rev, 0);
 }
@@ -318,7 +362,8 @@
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-static int reset_tree(struct tree *tree, struct checkout_opts *o, int worktree)
+static int reset_tree(struct tree *tree, const struct checkout_opts *o,
+		      int worktree, int *writeout_error)
 {
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	struct tree_desc tree_desc;
@@ -330,14 +375,14 @@
 	opts.reset = 1;
 	opts.merge = 1;
 	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
-	opts.verbose_update = !o->quiet;
+	opts.verbose_update = !o->quiet && isatty(2);
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
 	parse_tree(tree);
 	init_tree_desc(&tree_desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	switch (unpack_trees(1, &tree_desc, &opts)) {
 	case -2:
-		o->writeout_error = 1;
+		*writeout_error = 1;
 		/*
 		 * We return 0 nevertheless, as the index is all right
 		 * and more importantly we have made best efforts to
@@ -368,8 +413,10 @@
 	branch->path = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
-static int merge_working_tree(struct checkout_opts *opts,
-			      struct branch_info *old, struct branch_info *new)
+static int merge_working_tree(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
+			      struct branch_info *old,
+			      struct branch_info *new,
+			      int *writeout_error)
 {
 	int ret;
 	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
@@ -380,7 +427,7 @@
 
 	resolve_undo_clear();
 	if (opts->force) {
-		ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1);
+		ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1, writeout_error);
 		if (ret)
 			return ret;
 	} else {
@@ -407,11 +454,13 @@
 		topts.update = 1;
 		topts.merge = 1;
 		topts.gently = opts->merge && old->commit;
-		topts.verbose_update = !opts->quiet;
+		topts.verbose_update = !opts->quiet && isatty(2);
 		topts.fn = twoway_merge;
-		topts.dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*topts.dir));
-		topts.dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
-		topts.dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
+		if (opts->overwrite_ignore) {
+			topts.dir = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*topts.dir));
+			topts.dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+			setup_standard_excludes(topts.dir);
+		}
 		tree = parse_tree_indirect(old->commit ?
 					   old->commit->object.sha1 :
 					   EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
@@ -464,7 +513,8 @@
 			o.verbosity = 0;
 			work = write_tree_from_memory(&o);
 
-			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1);
+			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 1,
+					 writeout_error);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
 			o.ancestor = old->name;
@@ -472,7 +522,8 @@
 			o.branch2 = "local";
 			merge_trees(&o, new->commit->tree, work,
 				old->commit->tree, &result);
-			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 0);
+			ret = reset_tree(new->commit->tree, opts, 0,
+					 writeout_error);
 			if (ret)
 				return ret;
 		}
@@ -499,21 +550,7 @@
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 }
 
-static void detach_advice(const char *old_path, const char *new_name)
-{
-	const char fmt[] =
-	"Note: checking out '%s'.\n\n"
-	"You are in 'detached HEAD' state. You can look around, make experimental\n"
-	"changes and commit them, and you can discard any commits you make in this\n"
-	"state without impacting any branches by performing another checkout.\n\n"
-	"If you want to create a new branch to retain commits you create, you may\n"
-	"do so (now or later) by using -b with the checkout command again. Example:\n\n"
-	"  git checkout -b new_branch_name\n\n";
-
-	fprintf(stderr, fmt, new_name);
-}
-
-static void update_refs_for_switch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
+static void update_refs_for_switch(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
 				   struct branch_info *old,
 				   struct branch_info *new)
 {
@@ -540,7 +577,10 @@
 		else
 			create_branch(old->name, opts->new_branch, new->name,
 				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
-				      opts->new_branch_log, opts->track);
+				      opts->new_branch_log,
+				      opts->new_branch_force ? 1 : 0,
+				      opts->quiet,
+				      opts->track);
 		new->name = opts->new_branch;
 		setup_branch_path(new);
 	}
@@ -558,15 +598,19 @@
 			   REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path && advice_detached_head)
-				detach_advice(old->path, new->name);
+				detach_advice(new->name);
 			describe_detached_head(_("HEAD is now at"), new->commit);
 		}
 	} else if (new->path) {	/* Switch branches. */
 		create_symref("HEAD", new->path, msg.buf);
 		if (!opts->quiet) {
 			if (old->path && !strcmp(new->path, old->path)) {
-				fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
-					new->name);
+				if (opts->new_branch_force)
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Reset branch '%s'\n"),
+						new->name);
+				else
+					fprintf(stderr, _("Already on '%s'\n"),
+						new->name);
 			} else if (opts->new_branch) {
 				if (opts->branch_exists)
 					fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"), new->name);
@@ -597,7 +641,7 @@
 					 const unsigned char *sha1,
 					 int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	add_pending_sha1(cb_data, refname, sha1, flags | UNINTERESTING);
+	add_pending_sha1(cb_data, refname, sha1, UNINTERESTING);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -664,10 +708,10 @@
  * HEAD.  If it is not reachable from any ref, this is the last chance
  * for the user to do so without resorting to reflog.
  */
-static void orphaned_commit_warning(struct commit *commit)
+static void orphaned_commit_warning(struct commit *old, struct commit *new)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct object *object = &commit->object;
+	struct object *object = &old->object;
 	struct object_array refs;
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
@@ -677,34 +721,35 @@
 	add_pending_object(&revs, object, sha1_to_hex(object->sha1));
 
 	for_each_ref(add_pending_uninteresting_ref, &revs);
+	add_pending_sha1(&revs, "HEAD", new->object.sha1, UNINTERESTING);
 
 	refs = revs.pending;
 	revs.leak_pending = 1;
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die(_("internal error in revision walk"));
-	if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
-		suggest_reattach(commit, &revs);
+	if (!(old->object.flags & UNINTERESTING))
+		suggest_reattach(old, &revs);
 	else
-		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), commit);
+		describe_detached_head(_("Previous HEAD position was"), old);
 
 	clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(&refs, ALL_REV_FLAGS);
 	free(refs.objects);
 }
 
-static int switch_branches(struct checkout_opts *opts, struct branch_info *new)
+static int switch_branches(const struct checkout_opts *opts,
+			   struct branch_info *new)
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	struct branch_info old;
+	void *path_to_free;
 	unsigned char rev[20];
-	int flag;
+	int flag, writeout_error = 0;
 	memset(&old, 0, sizeof(old));
-	old.path = xstrdup(resolve_ref("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag));
+	old.path = path_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag);
 	old.commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rev, 1);
-	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF)) {
-		free((char *)old.path);
+	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 		old.path = NULL;
-	}
 
 	if (old.path && !prefixcmp(old.path, "refs/heads/"))
 		old.name = old.path + strlen("refs/heads/");
@@ -717,18 +762,20 @@
 		parse_commit(new->commit);
 	}
 
-	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new);
-	if (ret)
+	ret = merge_working_tree(opts, &old, new, &writeout_error);
+	if (ret) {
+		free(path_to_free);
 		return ret;
+	}
 
 	if (!opts->quiet && !old.path && old.commit && new->commit != old.commit)
-		orphaned_commit_warning(old.commit);
+		orphaned_commit_warning(old.commit, new->commit);
 
 	update_refs_for_switch(opts, &old, new);
 
 	ret = post_checkout_hook(old.commit, new->commit, 1);
-	free((char *)old.path);
-	return ret || opts->writeout_error;
+	free(path_to_free);
+	return ret || writeout_error;
 }
 
 static int git_checkout_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
@@ -745,12 +792,6 @@
 	return git_xmerge_config(var, value, NULL);
 }
 
-static int interactive_checkout(const char *revision, const char **pathspec,
-				struct checkout_opts *opts)
-{
-	return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=checkout", pathspec);
-}
-
 struct tracking_name_data {
 	const char *name;
 	char *remote;
@@ -866,7 +907,7 @@
 	setup_branch_path(new);
 
 	if (!check_refname_format(new->path, 0) &&
-	    resolve_ref(new->path, branch_rev, 1, NULL))
+	    !read_ref(new->path, branch_rev))
 		hashcpy(rev, branch_rev);
 	else
 		new->path = NULL; /* not an existing branch */
@@ -900,43 +941,104 @@
 	return argcount;
 }
 
+static int switch_unborn_to_new_branch(const struct checkout_opts *opts)
+{
+	int status;
+	struct strbuf branch_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!opts->new_branch)
+		die(_("You are on a branch yet to be born"));
+	strbuf_addf(&branch_ref, "refs/heads/%s", opts->new_branch);
+	status = create_symref("HEAD", branch_ref.buf, "checkout -b");
+	strbuf_release(&branch_ref);
+	if (!opts->quiet)
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"),
+			opts->new_branch);
+	return status;
+}
+
+static int checkout_branch(struct checkout_opts *opts,
+			   struct branch_info *new)
+{
+	if (opts->pathspec)
+		die(_("paths cannot be used with switching branches"));
+
+	if (opts->patch_mode)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"),
+		    "--patch");
+
+	if (opts->writeout_stage)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"),
+		    "--ours/--theirs");
+
+	if (opts->force && opts->merge)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"), "-f", "-m");
+
+	if (opts->force_detach && opts->new_branch)
+		die(_("'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"),
+		    "--detach", "-b/-B/--orphan");
+
+	if (opts->new_orphan_branch) {
+		if (opts->track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+			die(_("'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"), "--orphan", "-t");
+	} else if (opts->force_detach) {
+		if (opts->track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+			die(_("'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"), "--detach", "-t");
+	} else if (opts->track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
+		opts->track = git_branch_track;
+
+	if (new->name && !new->commit)
+		die(_("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"),
+		    new->name);
+
+	if (!new->commit && opts->new_branch) {
+		unsigned char rev[20];
+		int flag;
+
+		if (!read_ref_full("HEAD", rev, 0, &flag) &&
+		    (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && is_null_sha1(rev))
+			return switch_unborn_to_new_branch(opts);
+	}
+	return switch_branches(opts, new);
+}
+
 int cmd_checkout(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct checkout_opts opts;
-	unsigned char rev[20];
 	struct branch_info new;
-	struct tree *source_tree = NULL;
 	char *conflict_style = NULL;
-	int patch_mode = 0;
 	int dwim_new_local_branch = 1;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet, "suppress progress reporting"),
-		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, "branch",
-			   "create and checkout a new branch"),
-		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &opts.new_branch_force, "branch",
-			   "create/reset and checkout a branch"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, "create reflog for new branch"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "detach", &opts.force_detach, "detach the HEAD at named commit"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, "set upstream info for new branch",
+		OPT__QUIET(&opts.quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
+		OPT_STRING('b', NULL, &opts.new_branch, N_("branch"),
+			   N_("create and checkout a new branch")),
+		OPT_STRING('B', NULL, &opts.new_branch_force, N_("branch"),
+			   N_("create/reset and checkout a branch")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &opts.new_branch_log, N_("create reflog for new branch")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "detach", &opts.force_detach, N_("detach the HEAD at named commit")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('t', "track",  &opts.track, N_("set upstream info for new branch"),
 			BRANCH_TRACK_EXPLICIT),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "orphan", &opts.new_orphan_branch, "new branch", "new unparented branch"),
-		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout our version for unmerged files",
+		OPT_STRING(0, "orphan", &opts.new_orphan_branch, N_("new branch"), N_("new unparented branch")),
+		OPT_SET_INT('2', "ours", &opts.writeout_stage, N_("checkout our version for unmerged files"),
 			    2),
-		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, "checkout their version for unmerged files",
+		OPT_SET_INT('3', "theirs", &opts.writeout_stage, N_("checkout their version for unmerged files"),
 			    3),
-		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force, "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, "style",
-			   "conflict style (merge or diff3)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&opts.force, N_("force checkout (throw away local modifications)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "merge", &opts.merge, N_("perform a 3-way merge with the new branch")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "overwrite-ignore", &opts.overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "conflict", &conflict_style, N_("style"),
+			   N_("conflict style (merge or diff3)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &opts.patch_mode, N_("select hunks interactively")),
 		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "guess", &dwim_new_local_branch, NULL,
-		  "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'",
+		  N_("second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	memset(&new, 0, sizeof(new));
+	opts.overwrite_ignore = 1;
+	opts.prefix = prefix;
 
 	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_checkout_config, &opts);
@@ -946,26 +1048,27 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, checkout_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
-	/* we can assume from now on new_branch = !new_branch_force */
-	if (opts.new_branch && opts.new_branch_force)
-		die(_("-B cannot be used with -b"));
+	if (conflict_style) {
+		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
+		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
+	}
 
-	/* copy -B over to -b, so that we can just check the latter */
+	if ((!!opts.new_branch + !!opts.new_branch_force + !!opts.new_orphan_branch) > 1)
+		die(_("-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"));
+
+	/*
+	 * From here on, new_branch will contain the branch to be checked out,
+	 * and new_branch_force and new_orphan_branch will tell us which one of
+	 * -b/-B/--orphan is being used.
+	 */
 	if (opts.new_branch_force)
 		opts.new_branch = opts.new_branch_force;
 
-	if (patch_mode && (opts.track > 0 || opts.new_branch
-			   || opts.new_branch_log || opts.merge || opts.force
-			   || opts.force_detach))
-		die (_("--patch is incompatible with all other options"));
+	if (opts.new_orphan_branch)
+		opts.new_branch = opts.new_orphan_branch;
 
-	if (opts.force_detach && (opts.new_branch || opts.new_orphan_branch))
-		die(_("--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"));
-	if (opts.force_detach && 0 < opts.track)
-		die(_("--detach cannot be used with -t"));
-
-	/* --track without -b should DWIM */
-	if (0 < opts.track && !opts.new_branch) {
+	/* --track without -b/-B/--orphan should DWIM */
+	if (opts.track != BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED && !opts.new_branch) {
 		const char *argv0 = argv[0];
 		if (!argc || !strcmp(argv0, "--"))
 			die (_("--track needs a branch name"));
@@ -979,22 +1082,6 @@
 		opts.new_branch = argv0 + 1;
 	}
 
-	if (opts.new_orphan_branch) {
-		if (opts.new_branch)
-			die(_("--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"));
-		if (opts.track > 0)
-			die(_("--orphan cannot be used with -t"));
-		opts.new_branch = opts.new_orphan_branch;
-	}
-
-	if (conflict_style) {
-		opts.merge = 1; /* implied */
-		git_xmerge_config("merge.conflictstyle", conflict_style, NULL);
-	}
-
-	if (opts.force && opts.merge)
-		die(_("git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"));
-
 	/*
 	 * Extract branch name from command line arguments, so
 	 * all that is left is pathspecs.
@@ -1009,64 +1096,56 @@
 	 * remote branches, erroring out for invalid or ambiguous cases.
 	 */
 	if (argc) {
+		unsigned char rev[20];
 		int dwim_ok =
-			!patch_mode &&
+			!opts.patch_mode &&
 			dwim_new_local_branch &&
 			opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED &&
 			!opts.new_branch;
 		int n = parse_branchname_arg(argc, argv, dwim_ok,
-				&new, &source_tree, rev, &opts.new_branch);
+					     &new, &opts.source_tree,
+					     rev, &opts.new_branch);
 		argv += n;
 		argc -= n;
 	}
 
-	if (opts.track == BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED)
-		opts.track = git_branch_track;
-
 	if (argc) {
-		const char **pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
+		opts.pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
-		if (!pathspec)
+		if (!opts.pathspec)
 			die(_("invalid path specification"));
 
-		if (patch_mode)
-			return interactive_checkout(new.name, pathspec, &opts);
-
-		/* Checkout paths */
-		if (opts.new_branch) {
-			if (argc == 1) {
-				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\nDid you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"), argv[0]);
-			} else {
-				die(_("git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."));
-			}
-		}
+		/*
+		 * Try to give more helpful suggestion.
+		 * new_branch && argc > 1 will be caught later.
+		 */
+		if (opts.new_branch && argc == 1)
+			die(_("Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+			      "Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"),
+			    opts.new_branch, argv[0]);
 
 		if (opts.force_detach)
-			die(_("git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"));
+			die(_("git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"),
+			    argv[0]);
 
 		if (1 < !!opts.writeout_stage + !!opts.force + !!opts.merge)
-			die(_("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\nchecking out of the index."));
-
-		return checkout_paths(source_tree, pathspec, prefix, &opts);
+			die(_("git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+			      "checking out of the index."));
 	}
 
-	if (patch_mode)
-		return interactive_checkout(new.name, NULL, &opts);
-
 	if (opts.new_branch) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		opts.branch_exists = validate_new_branchname(opts.new_branch, &buf,
-							     !!opts.new_branch_force, 0);
+		opts.branch_exists =
+			validate_new_branchname(opts.new_branch, &buf,
+						!!opts.new_branch_force,
+						!!opts.new_branch_force);
 
 		strbuf_release(&buf);
 	}
 
-	if (new.name && !new.commit) {
-		die(_("Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."));
-	}
-	if (opts.writeout_stage)
-		die(_("--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."));
-
-	return switch_branches(&opts, &new);
+	if (opts.patch_mode || opts.pathspec)
+		return checkout_paths(&opts, new.name);
+	else
+		return checkout_branch(&opts, &new);
 }
diff --git a/builtin/clean.c b/builtin/clean.c
index 0c7b3d0..04e396b 100644
--- a/builtin/clean.c
+++ b/builtin/clean.c
@@ -10,16 +10,23 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "refs.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
 static int force = -1; /* unset */
 
 static const char *const builtin_clean_usage[] = {
-	"git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>...",
+	N_("git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
+static const char *msg_remove = N_("Removing %s\n");
+static const char *msg_would_remove = N_("Would remove %s\n");
+static const char *msg_skip_git_dir = N_("Skipping repository %s\n");
+static const char *msg_would_skip_git_dir = N_("Would skip repository %s\n");
+static const char *msg_warn_remove_failed = N_("failed to remove %s");
+
 static int git_clean_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "clean.requireforce"))
@@ -34,30 +41,132 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int remove_dirs(struct strbuf *path, const char *prefix, int force_flag,
+		int dry_run, int quiet, int *dir_gone)
+{
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct dirent *e;
+	int res = 0, ret = 0, gone = 1, original_len = path->len, len, i;
+	unsigned char submodule_head[20];
+	struct string_list dels = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+	*dir_gone = 1;
+
+	if ((force_flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) &&
+			!resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head)) {
+		if (!quiet) {
+			quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+			printf(dry_run ?  _(msg_would_skip_git_dir) : _(msg_skip_git_dir),
+					quoted.buf);
+		}
+
+		*dir_gone = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	dir = opendir(path->buf);
+	if (!dir) {
+		/* an empty dir could be removed even if it is unreadble */
+		res = dry_run ? 0 : rmdir(path->buf);
+		if (res) {
+			quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+			warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+			*dir_gone = 0;
+		}
+		return res;
+	}
+
+	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
+		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+
+	len = path->len;
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+		struct stat st;
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		strbuf_setlen(path, len);
+		strbuf_addstr(path, e->d_name);
+		if (lstat(path->buf, &st))
+			; /* fall thru */
+		else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			if (remove_dirs(path, prefix, force_flag, dry_run, quiet, &gone))
+				ret = 1;
+			if (gone) {
+				quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+				string_list_append(&dels, quoted.buf);
+			} else
+				*dir_gone = 0;
+			continue;
+		} else {
+			res = dry_run ? 0 : unlink(path->buf);
+			if (!res) {
+				quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+				string_list_append(&dels, quoted.buf);
+			} else {
+				quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+				warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+				*dir_gone = 0;
+				ret = 1;
+			}
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/* path too long, stat fails, or non-directory still exists */
+		*dir_gone = 0;
+		ret = 1;
+		break;
+	}
+	closedir(dir);
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, original_len);
+
+	if (*dir_gone) {
+		res = dry_run ? 0 : rmdir(path->buf);
+		if (!res)
+			*dir_gone = 1;
+		else {
+			quote_path_relative(path->buf, strlen(path->buf), &quoted, prefix);
+			warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), quoted.buf);
+			*dir_gone = 0;
+			ret = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!*dir_gone && !quiet) {
+		for (i = 0; i < dels.nr; i++)
+			printf(dry_run ?  _(msg_would_remove) : _(msg_remove), dels.items[i].string);
+	}
+	string_list_clear(&dels, 0);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 int cmd_clean(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
-	int show_only = 0, remove_directories = 0, quiet = 0, ignored = 0;
-	int ignored_only = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0;
+	int i, res;
+	int dry_run = 0, remove_directories = 0, quiet = 0, ignored = 0;
+	int ignored_only = 0, config_set = 0, errors = 0, gone = 1;
 	int rm_flags = REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT;
 	struct strbuf directory = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
 	static const char **pathspec;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct string_list exclude_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
 	const char *qname;
 	char *seen = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not print names of files removed"),
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "force"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not print names of files removed")),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, N_("dry run")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &remove_directories,
-				"remove whole directories"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', "exclude", &exclude_list, "pattern",
-		  "add <pattern> to ignore rules", PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_cb },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &ignored, "remove ignored files, too"),
+				N_("remove whole directories")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', "exclude", &exclude_list, N_("pattern"),
+		  N_("add <pattern> to ignore rules"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_cb },
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &ignored, N_("remove ignored files, too")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('X', NULL, &ignored_only,
-				"remove only ignored files"),
+				N_("remove only ignored files")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -77,7 +186,7 @@
 	if (ignored && ignored_only)
 		die(_("-x and -X cannot be used together"));
 
-	if (!show_only && !force) {
+	if (!dry_run && !force) {
 		if (config_set)
 			die(_("clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; "
 				  "refusing to clean"));
@@ -97,9 +206,9 @@
 	if (!ignored)
 		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
 
+	el = add_exclude_list(&dir, EXC_CMDL, "--exclude option");
 	for (i = 0; i < exclude_list.nr; i++)
-		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0,
-			    &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL]);
+		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0, el, -(i+1));
 
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 
@@ -149,38 +258,26 @@
 
 		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
 			strbuf_addstr(&directory, ent->name);
-			qname = quote_path_relative(directory.buf, directory.len, &buf, prefix);
-			if (show_only && (remove_directories ||
-			    (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY))) {
-				printf(_("Would remove %s\n"), qname);
-			} else if (remove_directories ||
-				   (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY)) {
-				if (!quiet)
-					printf(_("Removing %s\n"), qname);
-				if (remove_dir_recursively(&directory,
-							   rm_flags) != 0) {
-					warning(_("failed to remove %s"), qname);
+			if (remove_directories || (matches == MATCHED_EXACTLY)) {
+				if (remove_dirs(&directory, prefix, rm_flags, dry_run, quiet, &gone))
 					errors++;
+				if (gone && !quiet) {
+					qname = quote_path_relative(directory.buf, directory.len, &buf, prefix);
+					printf(dry_run ? _(msg_would_remove) : _(msg_remove), qname);
 				}
-			} else if (show_only) {
-				printf(_("Would not remove %s\n"), qname);
-			} else {
-				printf(_("Not removing %s\n"), qname);
 			}
 			strbuf_reset(&directory);
 		} else {
 			if (pathspec && !matches)
 				continue;
-			qname = quote_path_relative(ent->name, -1, &buf, prefix);
-			if (show_only) {
-				printf(_("Would remove %s\n"), qname);
-				continue;
-			} else if (!quiet) {
-				printf(_("Removing %s\n"), qname);
-			}
-			if (unlink(ent->name) != 0) {
-				warning(_("failed to remove %s"), qname);
+			res = dry_run ? 0 : unlink(ent->name);
+			if (res) {
+				qname = quote_path_relative(ent->name, -1, &buf, prefix);
+				warning(_(msg_warn_remove_failed), qname);
 				errors++;
+			} else if (!quiet) {
+				qname = quote_path_relative(ent->name, -1, &buf, prefix);
+				printf(dry_run ? _(msg_would_remove) : _(msg_remove), qname);
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/clone.c b/builtin/clone.c
index 488f48e..e0aaf13 100644
--- a/builtin/clone.c
+++ b/builtin/clone.c
@@ -33,19 +33,19 @@
  *
  */
 static const char * const builtin_clone_usage[] = {
-	"git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]",
+	N_("git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int option_no_checkout, option_bare, option_mirror;
-static int option_local, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared, option_recursive;
+static int option_no_checkout, option_bare, option_mirror, option_single_branch = -1;
+static int option_local = -1, option_no_hardlinks, option_shared, option_recursive;
 static char *option_template, *option_depth;
 static char *option_origin = NULL;
 static char *option_branch = NULL;
 static const char *real_git_dir;
 static char *option_upload_pack = "git-upload-pack";
 static int option_verbosity;
-static int option_progress;
+static int option_progress = -1;
 static struct string_list option_config;
 static struct string_list option_reference;
 
@@ -60,42 +60,44 @@
 
 static struct option builtin_clone_options[] = {
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&option_verbosity),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "progress", &option_progress,
-			"force progress reporting"),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &option_progress,
+		 N_("force progress reporting")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-checkout", &option_no_checkout,
-		    "don't create a checkout"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "bare", &option_bare, "create a bare repository"),
+		    N_("don't create a checkout")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "bare", &option_bare, N_("create a bare repository")),
 	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "naked", &option_bare, NULL,
-		"create a bare repository",
+		N_("create a bare repository"),
 		PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "mirror", &option_mirror,
-		    "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "local", &option_local,
-		    "to clone from a local repository"),
+		    N_("create a mirror repository (implies bare)")),
+	OPT_BOOL('l', "local", &option_local,
+		N_("to clone from a local repository")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-hardlinks", &option_no_hardlinks,
-		    "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"),
+		    N_("don't use local hardlinks, always copy")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "shared", &option_shared,
-		    "setup as shared repository"),
+		    N_("setup as shared repository")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "recursive", &option_recursive,
-		    "initialize submodules in the clone"),
+		    N_("initialize submodules in the clone")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "recurse-submodules", &option_recursive,
-		    "initialize submodules in the clone"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, "template-directory",
-		   "directory from which templates will be used"),
-	OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "reference", &option_reference, "repo",
-		     "reference repository", &opt_parse_reference),
-	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, "branch",
-		   "use <branch> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"),
-	OPT_STRING('b', "branch", &option_branch, "branch",
-		   "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"),
-	OPT_STRING('u', "upload-pack", &option_upload_pack, "path",
-		   "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, "depth",
-		    "create a shallow clone of that depth"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, "gitdir",
-		   "separate git dir from working tree"),
-	OPT_STRING_LIST('c', "config", &option_config, "key=value",
-			"set config inside the new repository"),
+		    N_("initialize submodules in the clone")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "template", &option_template, N_("template-directory"),
+		   N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
+	OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "reference", &option_reference, N_("repo"),
+		     N_("reference repository"), &opt_parse_reference),
+	OPT_STRING('o', "origin", &option_origin, N_("name"),
+		   N_("use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream")),
+	OPT_STRING('b', "branch", &option_branch, N_("branch"),
+		   N_("checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD")),
+	OPT_STRING('u', "upload-pack", &option_upload_pack, N_("path"),
+		   N_("path to git-upload-pack on the remote")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &option_depth, N_("depth"),
+		    N_("create a shallow clone of that depth")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "single-branch", &option_single_branch,
+		    N_("clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
+		   N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
+	OPT_STRING_LIST('c', "config", &option_config, N_("key=value"),
+			N_("set config inside the new repository")),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@
 
 static char *get_repo_path(const char *repo, int *is_bundle)
 {
-	static char *suffix[] = { "/.git", ".git", "" };
+	static char *suffix[] = { "/.git", "", ".git/.git", ".git" };
 	static char *bundle_suffix[] = { ".bundle", "" };
 	struct stat st;
 	int i;
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@
 		path = mkpath("%s%s", repo, suffix[i]);
 		if (stat(path, &st))
 			continue;
-		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+		if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(path)) {
 			*is_bundle = 0;
 			return xstrdup(absolute_path(path));
 		} else if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) && st.st_size > 8) {
@@ -230,14 +232,11 @@
 {
 	char *ref_git;
 	struct strbuf alternate = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct remote *remote;
-	struct transport *transport;
-	const struct ref *extra;
 
 	/* Beware: real_path() and mkpath() return static buffer */
 	ref_git = xstrdup(real_path(item->string));
 	if (is_directory(mkpath("%s/.git/objects", ref_git))) {
-		char *ref_git_git = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.git", ref_git));
+		char *ref_git_git = mkpathdup("%s/.git", ref_git);
 		free(ref_git);
 		ref_git = ref_git_git;
 	} else if (!is_directory(mkpath("%s/objects", ref_git)))
@@ -247,14 +246,6 @@
 	strbuf_addf(&alternate, "%s/objects", ref_git);
 	add_to_alternates_file(alternate.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&alternate);
-
-	remote = remote_get(ref_git);
-	transport = transport_get(remote, ref_git);
-	for (extra = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); extra;
-	     extra = extra->next)
-		add_extra_ref(extra->name, extra->old_sha1, 0);
-
-	transport_disconnect(transport);
 	free(ref_git);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -351,7 +342,7 @@
 		if (!option_no_hardlinks) {
 			if (!link(src->buf, dest->buf))
 				continue;
-			if (option_local)
+			if (option_local > 0)
 				die_errno(_("failed to create link '%s'"), dest->buf);
 			option_no_hardlinks = 1;
 		}
@@ -361,13 +352,8 @@
 	closedir(dir);
 }
 
-static const struct ref *clone_local(const char *src_repo,
-				     const char *dest_repo)
+static void clone_local(const char *src_repo, const char *dest_repo)
 {
-	const struct ref *ret;
-	struct remote *remote;
-	struct transport *transport;
-
 	if (option_shared) {
 		struct strbuf alt = STRBUF_INIT;
 		strbuf_addf(&alt, "%s/objects", src_repo);
@@ -383,13 +369,8 @@
 		strbuf_release(&dest);
 	}
 
-	remote = remote_get(src_repo);
-	transport = transport_get(remote, src_repo);
-	ret = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-	transport_disconnect(transport);
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity)
 		printf(_("done.\n"));
-	return ret;
 }
 
 static const char *junk_work_tree;
@@ -420,6 +401,26 @@
 	raise(signo);
 }
 
+static struct ref *find_remote_branch(const struct ref *refs, const char *branch)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	struct strbuf head = STRBUF_INIT;
+	strbuf_addstr(&head, "refs/heads/");
+	strbuf_addstr(&head, branch);
+	ref = find_ref_by_name(refs, head.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&head);
+
+	if (ref)
+		return ref;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&head, "refs/tags/");
+	strbuf_addstr(&head, branch);
+	ref = find_ref_by_name(refs, head.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&head);
+
+	return ref;
+}
+
 static struct ref *wanted_peer_refs(const struct ref *refs,
 		struct refspec *refspec)
 {
@@ -427,8 +428,30 @@
 	struct ref *local_refs = head;
 	struct ref **tail = head ? &head->next : &local_refs;
 
-	get_fetch_map(refs, refspec, &tail, 0);
-	if (!option_mirror)
+	if (option_single_branch) {
+		struct ref *remote_head = NULL;
+
+		if (!option_branch)
+			remote_head = guess_remote_head(head, refs, 0);
+		else {
+			local_refs = NULL;
+			tail = &local_refs;
+			remote_head = copy_ref(find_remote_branch(refs, option_branch));
+		}
+
+		if (!remote_head && option_branch)
+			warning(_("Could not find remote branch %s to clone."),
+				option_branch);
+		else {
+			get_fetch_map(remote_head, refspec, &tail, 0);
+
+			/* if --branch=tag, pull the requested tag explicitly */
+			get_fetch_map(remote_head, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
+		}
+	} else
+		get_fetch_map(refs, refspec, &tail, 0);
+
+	if (!option_mirror && !option_single_branch)
 		get_fetch_map(refs, tag_refspec, &tail, 0);
 
 	return local_refs;
@@ -441,11 +464,134 @@
 	for (r = local_refs; r; r = r->next) {
 		if (!r->peer_ref)
 			continue;
-		add_extra_ref(r->peer_ref->name, r->old_sha1, 0);
+		add_packed_ref(r->peer_ref->name, r->old_sha1);
 	}
 
 	pack_refs(PACK_REFS_ALL);
-	clear_extra_refs();
+}
+
+static void write_followtags(const struct ref *refs, const char *msg)
+{
+	const struct ref *ref;
+	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
+			continue;
+		if (!suffixcmp(ref->name, "^{}"))
+			continue;
+		if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+			continue;
+		update_ref(msg, ref->name, ref->old_sha1,
+			   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	}
+}
+
+static void update_remote_refs(const struct ref *refs,
+			       const struct ref *mapped_refs,
+			       const struct ref *remote_head_points_at,
+			       const char *branch_top,
+			       const char *msg)
+{
+	if (refs) {
+		write_remote_refs(mapped_refs);
+		if (option_single_branch)
+			write_followtags(refs, msg);
+	}
+
+	if (remote_head_points_at && !option_bare) {
+		struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top);
+		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
+		create_symref(head_ref.buf,
+			      remote_head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
+			      msg);
+	}
+}
+
+static void update_head(const struct ref *our, const struct ref *remote,
+			const char *msg)
+{
+	if (our && !prefixcmp(our->name, "refs/heads/")) {
+		/* Local default branch link */
+		create_symref("HEAD", our->name, NULL);
+		if (!option_bare) {
+			const char *head = skip_prefix(our->name, "refs/heads/");
+			update_ref(msg, "HEAD", our->old_sha1, NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+			install_branch_config(0, head, option_origin, our->name);
+		}
+	} else if (our) {
+		struct commit *c = lookup_commit_reference(our->old_sha1);
+		/* --branch specifies a non-branch (i.e. tags), detach HEAD */
+		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", c->object.sha1,
+			   NULL, REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	} else if (remote) {
+		/*
+		 * We know remote HEAD points to a non-branch, or
+		 * HEAD points to a branch but we don't know which one.
+		 * Detach HEAD in all these cases.
+		 */
+		update_ref(msg, "HEAD", remote->old_sha1,
+			   NULL, REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
+	}
+}
+
+static int checkout(void)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *head;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file;
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree *tree;
+	struct tree_desc t;
+	int err = 0, fd;
+
+	if (option_no_checkout)
+		return 0;
+
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
+	if (!head) {
+		warning(_("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
+			  "unable to checkout.\n"));
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(head, "HEAD")) {
+		if (advice_detached_head)
+			detach_advice(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	} else {
+		if (prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/"))
+			die(_("HEAD not found below refs/heads!"));
+	}
+	free(head);
+
+	/* We need to be in the new work tree for the checkout */
+	setup_work_tree();
+
+	lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof opts);
+	opts.update = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = oneway_merge;
+	opts.verbose_update = (option_verbosity >= 0);
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+
+	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+	parse_tree(tree);
+	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
+	unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
+
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
+
+	err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
+			sha1_to_hex(sha1), "1", NULL);
+
+	if (!err && option_recursive)
+		err = run_command_v_opt(argv_submodule, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+
+	return err;
 }
 
 static int write_one_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
@@ -464,6 +610,54 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static void write_refspec_config(const char* src_ref_prefix,
+		const struct ref* our_head_points_at,
+		const struct ref* remote_head_points_at, struct strbuf* branch_top)
+{
+	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf value = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (option_mirror || !option_bare) {
+		if (option_single_branch && !option_mirror) {
+			if (option_branch) {
+				if (strstr(our_head_points_at->name, "refs/tags/"))
+					strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s:%s", our_head_points_at->name,
+						our_head_points_at->name);
+				else
+					strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s:%s%s", our_head_points_at->name,
+						branch_top->buf, option_branch);
+			} else if (remote_head_points_at) {
+				strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s:%s%s", remote_head_points_at->name,
+						branch_top->buf,
+						skip_prefix(remote_head_points_at->name, "refs/heads/"));
+			}
+			/*
+			 * otherwise, the next "git fetch" will
+			 * simply fetch from HEAD without updating
+			 * any remote tracking branch, which is what
+			 * we want.
+			 */
+		} else {
+			strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s*:%s*", src_ref_prefix, branch_top->buf);
+		}
+		/* Configure the remote */
+		if (value.len) {
+			strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", option_origin);
+			git_config_set_multivar(key.buf, value.buf, "^$", 0);
+			strbuf_reset(&key);
+
+			if (option_mirror) {
+				strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.mirror", option_origin);
+				git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
+				strbuf_reset(&key);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&key);
+	strbuf_release(&value);
+}
+
 int cmd_clone(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int is_bundle = 0, is_local;
@@ -475,11 +669,13 @@
 	const struct ref *remote_head_points_at;
 	const struct ref *our_head_points_at;
 	struct ref *mapped_refs;
+	const struct ref *ref;
 	struct strbuf key = STRBUF_INIT, value = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf branch_top = STRBUF_INIT, reflog_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct transport *transport = NULL;
-	char *src_ref_prefix = "refs/heads/";
-	int err = 0;
+	const char *src_ref_prefix = "refs/heads/";
+	struct remote *remote;
+	int err = 0, complete_refs_before_fetch = 1;
 
 	struct refspec *refspec;
 	const char *fetch_pattern;
@@ -498,6 +694,9 @@
 		usage_msg_opt(_("You must specify a repository to clone."),
 			builtin_clone_usage, builtin_clone_options);
 
+	if (option_single_branch == -1)
+		option_single_branch = option_depth ? 1 : 0;
+
 	if (option_mirror)
 		option_bare = 1;
 
@@ -505,6 +704,8 @@
 		if (option_origin)
 			die(_("--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."),
 			    option_origin);
+		if (real_git_dir)
+			die(_("--bare and --separate-git-dir are incompatible."));
 		option_no_checkout = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -520,7 +721,7 @@
 		die(_("repository '%s' does not exist"), repo_name);
 	else
 		repo = repo_name;
-	is_local = path && !is_bundle;
+	is_local = option_local != 0 && path && !is_bundle;
 	if (is_local && option_depth)
 		warning(_("--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."));
 
@@ -549,7 +750,7 @@
 		git_dir = xstrdup(dir);
 	else {
 		work_tree = dir;
-		git_dir = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.git", dir));
+		git_dir = mkpathdup("%s/.git", dir);
 	}
 
 	if (!option_bare) {
@@ -557,7 +758,7 @@
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(work_tree) < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"),
 				  work_tree);
-		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0755))
+		if (!dest_exists && mkdir(work_tree, 0777))
 			die_errno(_("could not create work tree dir '%s'."),
 				  work_tree);
 		set_git_work_tree(work_tree);
@@ -566,31 +767,24 @@
 	atexit(remove_junk);
 	sigchain_push_common(remove_junk_on_signal);
 
-	setenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT, mkpath("%s/config", git_dir), 1);
-
 	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(git_dir) < 0)
 		die(_("could not create leading directories of '%s'"), git_dir);
 
 	set_git_dir_init(git_dir, real_git_dir, 0);
-	if (real_git_dir)
+	if (real_git_dir) {
 		git_dir = real_git_dir;
+		junk_git_dir = real_git_dir;
+	}
 
 	if (0 <= option_verbosity) {
 		if (option_bare)
-			printf(_("Cloning into bare repository %s...\n"), dir);
+			printf(_("Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"), dir);
 		else
-			printf(_("Cloning into %s...\n"), dir);
+			printf(_("Cloning into '%s'...\n"), dir);
 	}
 	init_db(option_template, INIT_DB_QUIET);
 	write_config(&option_config);
 
-	/*
-	 * At this point, the config exists, so we do not need the
-	 * environment variable.  We actually need to unset it, too, to
-	 * re-enable parsing of the global configs.
-	 */
-	unsetenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
-
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	if (option_bare) {
@@ -604,20 +798,6 @@
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(&value, "+%s*:%s*", src_ref_prefix, branch_top.buf);
-
-	if (option_mirror || !option_bare) {
-		/* Configure the remote */
-		strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", option_origin);
-		git_config_set_multivar(key.buf, value.buf, "^$", 0);
-		strbuf_reset(&key);
-
-		if (option_mirror) {
-			strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.mirror", option_origin);
-			git_config_set(key.buf, "true");
-			strbuf_reset(&key);
-		}
-	}
-
 	strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.url", option_origin);
 	git_config_set(key.buf, repo);
 	strbuf_reset(&key);
@@ -630,13 +810,10 @@
 
 	strbuf_reset(&value);
 
-	if (is_local) {
-		refs = clone_local(path, git_dir);
-		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
-	} else {
-		struct remote *remote = remote_get(option_origin);
-		transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
+	remote = remote_get(option_origin);
+	transport = transport_get(remote, remote->url[0]);
 
+	if (!is_local) {
 		if (!transport->get_refs_list || !transport->fetch)
 			die(_("Don't know how to clone %s"), transport->url);
 
@@ -645,49 +822,57 @@
 		if (option_depth)
 			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH,
 					     option_depth);
+		if (option_single_branch)
+			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_FOLLOWTAGS, "1");
 
 		transport_set_verbosity(transport, option_verbosity, option_progress);
 
 		if (option_upload_pack)
 			transport_set_option(transport, TRANS_OPT_UPLOADPACK,
 					     option_upload_pack);
-
-		refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
-		if (refs) {
-			mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
-			transport_fetch_refs(transport, mapped_refs);
-		}
 	}
 
-	if (refs) {
-		clear_extra_refs();
+	refs = transport_get_remote_refs(transport);
 
-		write_remote_refs(mapped_refs);
+	if (refs) {
+		mapped_refs = wanted_peer_refs(refs, refspec);
+		/*
+		 * transport_get_remote_refs() may return refs with null sha-1
+		 * in mapped_refs (see struct transport->get_refs_list
+		 * comment). In that case we need fetch it early because
+		 * remote_head code below relies on it.
+		 *
+		 * for normal clones, transport_get_remote_refs() should
+		 * return reliable ref set, we can delay cloning until after
+		 * remote HEAD check.
+		 */
+		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+			if (is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+				complete_refs_before_fetch = 0;
+				break;
+			}
+
+		if (!is_local && !complete_refs_before_fetch)
+			transport_fetch_refs(transport, mapped_refs);
 
 		remote_head = find_ref_by_name(refs, "HEAD");
 		remote_head_points_at =
 			guess_remote_head(remote_head, mapped_refs, 0);
 
 		if (option_branch) {
-			struct strbuf head = STRBUF_INIT;
-			strbuf_addstr(&head, src_ref_prefix);
-			strbuf_addstr(&head, option_branch);
 			our_head_points_at =
-				find_ref_by_name(mapped_refs, head.buf);
-			strbuf_release(&head);
+				find_remote_branch(mapped_refs, option_branch);
 
-			if (!our_head_points_at) {
-				warning(_("Remote branch %s not found in "
-					"upstream %s, using HEAD instead"),
-					option_branch, option_origin);
-				our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
-			}
+			if (!our_head_points_at)
+				die(_("Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"),
+				    option_branch, option_origin);
 		}
 		else
 			our_head_points_at = remote_head_points_at;
 	}
 	else {
 		warning(_("You appear to have cloned an empty repository."));
+		mapped_refs = NULL;
 		our_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head_points_at = NULL;
 		remote_head = NULL;
@@ -697,84 +882,23 @@
 					      "refs/heads/master");
 	}
 
-	if (remote_head_points_at && !option_bare) {
-		struct strbuf head_ref = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, branch_top.buf);
-		strbuf_addstr(&head_ref, "HEAD");
-		create_symref(head_ref.buf,
-			      remote_head_points_at->peer_ref->name,
-			      reflog_msg.buf);
-	}
+	write_refspec_config(src_ref_prefix, our_head_points_at,
+			remote_head_points_at, &branch_top);
 
-	if (our_head_points_at) {
-		/* Local default branch link */
-		create_symref("HEAD", our_head_points_at->name, NULL);
-		if (!option_bare) {
-			const char *head = skip_prefix(our_head_points_at->name,
-						       "refs/heads/");
-			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
-				   our_head_points_at->old_sha1,
-				   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
-			install_branch_config(0, head, option_origin,
-					      our_head_points_at->name);
-		}
-	} else if (remote_head) {
-		/* Source had detached HEAD pointing somewhere. */
-		if (!option_bare) {
-			update_ref(reflog_msg.buf, "HEAD",
-				   remote_head->old_sha1,
-				   NULL, REF_NODEREF, DIE_ON_ERR);
-			our_head_points_at = remote_head;
-		}
-	} else {
-		/* Nothing to checkout out */
-		if (!option_no_checkout)
-			warning(_("remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, "
-				"unable to checkout.\n"));
-		option_no_checkout = 1;
-	}
+	if (is_local)
+		clone_local(path, git_dir);
+	else if (refs && complete_refs_before_fetch)
+		transport_fetch_refs(transport, mapped_refs);
 
-	if (transport) {
-		transport_unlock_pack(transport);
-		transport_disconnect(transport);
-	}
+	update_remote_refs(refs, mapped_refs, remote_head_points_at,
+			   branch_top.buf, reflog_msg.buf);
 
-	if (!option_no_checkout) {
-		struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-		struct unpack_trees_options opts;
-		struct tree *tree;
-		struct tree_desc t;
-		int fd;
+	update_head(our_head_points_at, remote_head, reflog_msg.buf);
 
-		/* We need to be in the new work tree for the checkout */
-		setup_work_tree();
+	transport_unlock_pack(transport);
+	transport_disconnect(transport);
 
-		fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-
-		memset(&opts, 0, sizeof opts);
-		opts.update = 1;
-		opts.merge = 1;
-		opts.fn = oneway_merge;
-		opts.verbose_update = (option_verbosity > 0);
-		opts.src_index = &the_index;
-		opts.dst_index = &the_index;
-
-		tree = parse_tree_indirect(our_head_points_at->old_sha1);
-		parse_tree(tree);
-		init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
-		unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
-
-		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		    commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-			die(_("unable to write new index file"));
-
-		err |= run_hook(NULL, "post-checkout", sha1_to_hex(null_sha1),
-				sha1_to_hex(our_head_points_at->old_sha1), "1",
-				NULL);
-
-		if (!err && option_recursive)
-			err = run_command_v_opt(argv_submodule, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-	}
+	err = checkout();
 
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_msg);
 	strbuf_release(&branch_top);
diff --git a/builtin/column.c b/builtin/column.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e125a55
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/column.c
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "column.h"
+
+static const char * const builtin_column_usage[] = {
+	N_("git column [options]"),
+	NULL
+};
+static unsigned int colopts;
+
+static int column_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	return git_column_config(var, value, cb, &colopts);
+}
+
+int cmd_column(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct column_options copts;
+	const char *command = NULL, *real_command = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "command", &real_command, N_("name"), N_("lookup config vars")),
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "mode", &colopts, N_("layout to use")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "raw-mode", &colopts, N_("layout to use")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "width", &copts.width, N_("Maximum width")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "indent", &copts.indent, N_("string"), N_("Padding space on left border")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "nl", &copts.nl, N_("Padding space on right border")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "padding", &copts.padding, N_("Padding space between columns")),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	/* This one is special and must be the first one */
+	if (argc > 1 && !prefixcmp(argv[1], "--command=")) {
+		command = argv[1] + 10;
+		git_config(column_config, (void *)command);
+	} else
+		git_config(column_config, NULL);
+
+	memset(&copts, 0, sizeof(copts));
+	copts.width = term_columns();
+	copts.padding = 1;
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, "", options, builtin_column_usage, 0);
+	if (argc)
+		usage_with_options(builtin_column_usage, options);
+	if (real_command || command) {
+		if (!real_command || !command || strcmp(real_command, command))
+			die(_("--command must be the first argument"));
+	}
+	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
+	while (!strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n'))
+		string_list_append(&list, sb.buf);
+
+	print_columns(&list, colopts, &copts);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/commit-tree.c b/builtin/commit-tree.c
index d083795..eac901a 100644
--- a/builtin/commit-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/commit-tree.c
@@ -8,8 +8,9 @@
 #include "tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "utf8.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
-static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree <sha1> [(-p <sha1>)...] < changelog";
+static const char commit_tree_usage[] = "git commit-tree [(-p <sha1>)...] [-S<signer>] [-m <message>] [-F <file>] <sha1> <changelog";
 
 static void new_parent(struct commit *parent, struct commit_list **parents_p)
 {
@@ -25,38 +26,95 @@
 	commit_list_insert(parent, parents_p);
 }
 
+static int commit_tree_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	int status = git_gpg_config(var, value, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
 int cmd_commit_tree(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
+	int i, got_tree = 0;
 	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *sign_commit = NULL;
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(commit_tree_config, NULL);
 
 	if (argc < 2 || !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(commit_tree_usage);
-	if (get_sha1(argv[1], tree_sha1))
-		die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[1]);
 
-	for (i = 2; i < argc; i += 2) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		const char *a, *b;
-		a = argv[i]; b = argv[i+1];
-		if (!b || strcmp(a, "-p"))
-			usage(commit_tree_usage);
+	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+		const char *arg = argv[i];
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-p")) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			if (argc <= ++i)
+				usage(commit_tree_usage);
+			if (get_sha1_commit(argv[i], sha1))
+				die("Not a valid object name %s", argv[i]);
+			assert_sha1_type(sha1, OBJ_COMMIT);
+			new_parent(lookup_commit(sha1), &parents);
+			continue;
+		}
 
-		if (get_sha1(b, sha1))
-			die("Not a valid object name %s", b);
-		assert_sha1_type(sha1, OBJ_COMMIT);
-		new_parent(lookup_commit(sha1), &parents);
+		if (!memcmp(arg, "-S", 2)) {
+			sign_commit = arg + 2;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-m")) {
+			if (argc <= ++i)
+				usage(commit_tree_usage);
+			if (buffer.len)
+				strbuf_addch(&buffer, '\n');
+			strbuf_addstr(&buffer, argv[i]);
+			strbuf_complete_line(&buffer);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!strcmp(arg, "-F")) {
+			int fd;
+
+			if (argc <= ++i)
+				usage(commit_tree_usage);
+			if (buffer.len)
+				strbuf_addch(&buffer, '\n');
+			if (!strcmp(argv[i], "-"))
+				fd = 0;
+			else {
+				fd = open(argv[i], O_RDONLY);
+				if (fd < 0)
+					die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to open '%s'",
+						  argv[i]);
+			}
+			if (strbuf_read(&buffer, fd, 0) < 0)
+				die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read '%s'",
+					  argv[i]);
+			if (fd && close(fd))
+				die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to close '%s'",
+					  argv[i]);
+			strbuf_complete_line(&buffer);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (get_sha1_tree(arg, tree_sha1))
+			die("Not a valid object name %s", arg);
+		if (got_tree)
+			die("Cannot give more than one trees");
+		got_tree = 1;
 	}
 
-	if (strbuf_read(&buffer, 0, 0) < 0)
-		die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read");
+	if (!buffer.len) {
+		if (strbuf_read(&buffer, 0, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("git commit-tree: failed to read");
+	}
 
-	if (commit_tree(buffer.buf, tree_sha1, parents, commit_sha1, NULL)) {
+	if (commit_tree(&buffer, tree_sha1, parents, commit_sha1,
+			NULL, sign_commit)) {
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
 		return 1;
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/commit.c b/builtin/commit.c
index c46f2d1..1a0e5f1 100644
--- a/builtin/commit.c
+++ b/builtin/commit.c
@@ -26,14 +26,17 @@
 #include "unpack-trees.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "sequencer.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_commit_usage[] = {
-	"git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	N_("git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_status_usage[] = {
-	"git status [options] [--] <filepattern>...",
+	N_("git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -81,10 +84,13 @@
 static const char *author_message, *author_message_buffer;
 static char *edit_message, *use_message;
 static char *fixup_message, *squash_message;
-static int all, edit_flag, also, interactive, patch_interactive, only, amend, signoff;
+static int all, also, interactive, patch_interactive, only, amend, signoff;
+static int edit_flag = -1; /* unspecified */
 static int quiet, verbose, no_verify, allow_empty, dry_run, renew_authorship;
 static int no_post_rewrite, allow_empty_message;
 static char *untracked_files_arg, *force_date, *ignore_submodule_arg;
+static char *sign_commit;
+
 /*
  * The default commit message cleanup mode will remove the lines
  * beginning with # (shell comments) and leading and trailing
@@ -97,21 +103,20 @@
 	CLEANUP_NONE,
 	CLEANUP_ALL
 } cleanup_mode;
-static char *cleanup_arg;
+static const char *cleanup_arg;
 
 static enum commit_whence whence;
 static int use_editor = 1, include_status = 1;
 static int show_ignored_in_status;
 static const char *only_include_assumed;
-static struct strbuf message;
+static struct strbuf message = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-static int null_termination;
 static enum {
+	STATUS_FORMAT_NONE = 0,
 	STATUS_FORMAT_LONG,
 	STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT,
 	STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN
-} status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_LONG;
-static int status_show_branch;
+} status_format;
 
 static int opt_parse_m(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int unset)
 {
@@ -125,57 +130,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
-	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "suppress summary after successful commit"),
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "show diff in commit message template"),
-
-	OPT_GROUP("Commit message options"),
-	OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, "read message from file"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, "author", "override author for commit"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, "date", "override date for commit"),
-	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, "message", "commit message", opt_parse_m),
-	OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, "commit", "reuse and edit message from specified commit"),
-	OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, "commit", "reuse message from specified commit"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "fixup", &fixup_message, "commit", "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "squash", &squash_message, "commit", "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C-c/--amend)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
-	OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, "use specified template file"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &edit_flag, "force edit of commit"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, "default", "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "status", &include_status, "include status in commit message template"),
-	/* end commit message options */
-
-	OPT_GROUP("Commit contents options"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, "commit all changed files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "include", &also, "add specified files to index for commit"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, "interactively add files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, "interactively add changes"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, "commit only specified files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, "bypass pre-commit hook"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, "show what would be committed"),
-	OPT_SET_INT(0, "short", &status_format, "show status concisely",
-		    STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "branch", &status_show_branch, "show branch information"),
-	OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-		    "machine-readable output", STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
-		    "terminate entries with NUL"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, "amend previous commit"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-post-rewrite", &no_post_rewrite, "bypass post-rewrite hook"),
-	{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, "mode", "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
-	/* end commit contents options */
-
-	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, NULL,
-	  "ok to record an empty change",
-	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
-	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty-message", &allow_empty_message, NULL,
-	  "ok to record a change with an empty message",
-	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
-
-	OPT_END()
-};
-
 static void determine_whence(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	if (file_exists(git_path("MERGE_HEAD")))
@@ -188,24 +142,6 @@
 		s->whence = whence;
 }
 
-static const char *whence_s(void)
-{
-	char *s = "";
-
-	switch (whence) {
-	case FROM_COMMIT:
-		break;
-	case FROM_MERGE:
-		s = "merge";
-		break;
-	case FROM_CHERRY_PICK:
-		s = "cherry-pick";
-		break;
-	}
-
-	return s;
-}
-
 static void rollback_index_files(void)
 {
 	switch (commit_style) {
@@ -250,6 +186,9 @@
 	int i;
 	char *m;
 
+	if (!pattern)
+		return 0;
+
 	for (i = 0; pattern[i]; i++)
 		;
 	m = xcalloc(1, i);
@@ -394,6 +333,7 @@
 		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 		add_files_to_cache(also ? prefix : NULL, pathspec, 0);
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
+		update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
 		if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 		    close_lock_file(&index_lock))
 			die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
@@ -410,10 +350,11 @@
 	 * and create commit from the_index.
 	 * We still need to refresh the index here.
 	 */
-	if (!pathspec || !*pathspec) {
+	if (!only && (!pathspec || !*pathspec)) {
 		fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
 		refresh_cache_or_die(refresh_flags);
 		if (active_cache_changed) {
+			update_main_cache_tree(WRITE_TREE_SILENT);
 			if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
 				die(_("unable to write new_index file"));
@@ -445,8 +386,12 @@
 	 */
 	commit_style = COMMIT_PARTIAL;
 
-	if (whence != FROM_COMMIT)
-		die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a %s."), whence_s());
+	if (whence != FROM_COMMIT) {
+		if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
+			die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a merge."));
+		else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+			die(_("cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."));
+	}
 
 	memset(&partial, 0, sizeof(partial));
 	partial.strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -505,11 +450,12 @@
 
 	switch (status_format) {
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-		wt_shortstatus_print(s, null_termination, status_show_branch);
+		wt_shortstatus_print(s);
 		break;
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-		wt_porcelain_print(s, null_termination);
+		wt_porcelain_print(s);
 		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
 		wt_status_print(s);
 		break;
@@ -523,11 +469,34 @@
 	return !!(current_head->parents && current_head->parents->next);
 }
 
-static const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
+static void export_one(const char *var, const char *s, const char *e, int hack)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (hack)
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, hack);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%.*s", (int)(e - s), s);
+	setenv(var, buf.buf, 1);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static int sane_ident_split(struct ident_split *person)
+{
+	if (!person->name_begin || !person->name_end ||
+	    person->name_begin == person->name_end)
+		return 0; /* no human readable name */
+	if (!person->mail_begin || !person->mail_end ||
+	    person->mail_begin == person->mail_end)
+		return 0; /* no usable mail */
+	if (!person->date_begin || !person->date_end ||
+	    !person->tz_begin || !person->tz_end)
+		return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
 
 static void determine_author_info(struct strbuf *author_ident)
 {
 	char *name, *email, *date;
+	struct ident_split author;
 
 	name = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME");
 	email = getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL");
@@ -535,6 +504,7 @@
 
 	if (author_message) {
 		const char *a, *lb, *rb, *eol;
+		size_t len;
 
 		a = strstr(author_message_buffer, "\nauthor ");
 		if (!a)
@@ -555,6 +525,11 @@
 					 (a + strlen("\nauthor "))));
 		email = xmemdupz(lb + strlen("<"), rb - (lb + strlen("<")));
 		date = xmemdupz(rb + strlen("> "), eol - (rb + strlen("> ")));
+		len = eol - (rb + strlen("> "));
+		date = xmalloc(len + 2);
+		*date = '@';
+		memcpy(date + 1, rb + strlen("> "), len);
+		date[len + 1] = '\0';
 	}
 
 	if (force_author) {
@@ -569,49 +544,13 @@
 
 	if (force_date)
 		date = force_date;
-	strbuf_addstr(author_ident, fmt_ident(name, email, date,
-					      IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
-}
-
-static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb)
-{
-	int ch;
-	int hit = 0;
-	int i, j, k;
-	int len = sb->len;
-	int first = 1;
-	const char *buf = sb->buf;
-
-	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
-		if (hit && buf[i] == '\n')
-			break;
-		hit = (buf[i] == '\n');
+	strbuf_addstr(author_ident, fmt_ident(name, email, date, IDENT_STRICT));
+	if (!split_ident_line(&author, author_ident->buf, author_ident->len) &&
+	    sane_ident_split(&author)) {
+		export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME", author.name_begin, author.name_end, 0);
+		export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL", author.mail_begin, author.mail_end, 0);
+		export_one("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE", author.date_begin, author.tz_end, '@');
 	}
-
-	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
-		i++;
-
-	for (; i < len; i = k) {
-		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		k++;
-
-		if ((buf[k] == ' ' || buf[k] == '\t') && !first)
-			continue;
-
-		first = 0;
-
-		for (j = 0; i + j < len; j++) {
-			ch = buf[i + j];
-			if (ch == ':')
-				break;
-			if (isalnum(ch) ||
-			    (ch == '-'))
-				continue;
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	return 1;
 }
 
 static char *cut_ident_timestamp_part(char *string)
@@ -638,6 +577,9 @@
 	int ident_shown = 0;
 	int clean_message_contents = (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE);
 
+	/* This checks and barfs if author is badly specified */
+	determine_author_info(author_ident);
+
 	if (!no_verify && run_hook(index_file, "pre-commit", NULL))
 		return 0;
 
@@ -676,7 +618,7 @@
 		hook_arg1 = "message";
 	} else if (use_message) {
 		buffer = strstr(use_message_buffer, "\n\n");
-		if (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0')
+		if (!use_editor && (!buffer || buffer[2] == '\0'))
 			die(_("commit has empty message"));
 		strbuf_add(&sb, buffer + 2, strlen(buffer + 2));
 		hook_arg1 = "commit";
@@ -735,21 +677,30 @@
 		stripspace(&sb, 0);
 
 	if (signoff) {
-		struct strbuf sob = STRBUF_INIT;
-		int i;
+		/*
+		 * See if we have a Conflicts: block at the end. If yes, count
+		 * its size, so we can ignore it.
+		 */
+		int ignore_footer = 0;
+		int i, eol, previous = 0;
+		const char *nl;
 
-		strbuf_addstr(&sob, sign_off_header);
-		strbuf_addstr(&sob, fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
-					     getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
-		strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
-		for (i = sb.len - 1; i > 0 && sb.buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		if (prefixcmp(sb.buf + i, sob.buf)) {
-			if (!i || !ends_rfc2822_footer(&sb))
-				strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
-			strbuf_addbuf(&sb, &sob);
+		for (i = 0; i < sb.len; i++) {
+			nl = memchr(sb.buf + i, '\n', sb.len - i);
+			if (nl)
+				eol = nl - sb.buf;
+			else
+				eol = sb.len;
+			if (!prefixcmp(sb.buf + previous, "\nConflicts:\n")) {
+				ignore_footer = sb.len - previous;
+				break;
+			}
+			while (i < eol)
+				i++;
+			previous = eol;
 		}
-		strbuf_release(&sob);
+
+		append_signoff(&sb, ignore_footer);
 	}
 
 	if (fwrite(sb.buf, 1, sb.len, s->fp) < sb.len)
@@ -757,40 +708,40 @@
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
 
-	/* This checks and barfs if author is badly specified */
-	determine_author_info(author_ident);
-
 	/* This checks if committer ident is explicitly given */
-	strbuf_addstr(&committer_ident, git_committer_info(0));
+	strbuf_addstr(&committer_ident, git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
 	if (use_editor && include_status) {
 		char *ai_tmp, *ci_tmp;
 		if (whence != FROM_COMMIT)
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
-				_("\n"
-				"It looks like you may be committing a %s.\n"
-				"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
-				"	%s\n"
-				"and try again.\n"
-				""),
-				whence_s(),
+			    whence == FROM_MERGE
+				? _("\n"
+					"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+					"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+					"	%s\n"
+					"and try again.\n")
+				: _("\n"
+					"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+					"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+					"	%s\n"
+					"and try again.\n"),
 				git_path(whence == FROM_MERGE
 					 ? "MERGE_HEAD"
 					 : "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
 
 		fprintf(s->fp, "\n");
-		status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
-			_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."));
 		if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
-			status_printf_more(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
-				_(" Lines starting\n"
-				"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty"
-				" message aborts the commit.\n"));
+			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+				  " Lines starting\nwith '%c' will be ignored, and an empty"
+				  " message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
 		else /* CLEANUP_SPACE, that is. */
-			status_printf_more(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
-				_(" Lines starting\n"
-				"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them"
-				" yourself if you want to.\n"
-				"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"));
+			status_printf(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
+				_("Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+				  " Lines starting\n"
+				  "with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
+				  " yourself if you want to.\n"
+				  "An empty message aborts the commit.\n"), comment_line_char);
 		if (only_include_assumed)
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 					"%s", only_include_assumed);
@@ -804,7 +755,7 @@
 				ident_shown++ ? "" : "\n",
 				author_ident->buf);
 
-		if (!user_ident_sufficiently_given())
+		if (!committer_ident_sufficiently_given())
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL,
 				_("%s"
 				"Committer: %s"),
@@ -862,10 +813,7 @@
 	 */
 	discard_cache();
 	read_cache_from(index_file);
-	if (!active_cache_tree)
-		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
-	if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
-			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0) {
+	if (update_main_cache_tree(0)) {
 		error(_("Error building trees"));
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -894,27 +842,10 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-/*
- * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
- * Signed-off-by lines.
- */
-static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
+static int rest_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb, int start)
 {
-	struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i, eol;
 	const char *nl;
-	int eol, i, start = 0;
-
-	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
-		return 0;
-
-	/* See if the template is just a prefix of the message. */
-	if (template_file && strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) > 0) {
-		stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
-		if (start + tmpl.len <= sb->len &&
-		    memcmp(tmpl.buf, sb->buf + start, tmpl.len) == 0)
-			start += tmpl.len;
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&tmpl);
 
 	/* Check if the rest is just whitespace and Signed-of-by's. */
 	for (i = start; i < sb->len; i++) {
@@ -937,6 +868,40 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Find out if the message in the strbuf contains only whitespace and
+ * Signed-off-by lines.
+ */
+static int message_is_empty(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+		return 0;
+	return rest_is_empty(sb, 0);
+}
+
+/*
+ * See if the user edited the message in the editor or left what
+ * was in the template intact
+ */
+static int template_untouched(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	struct strbuf tmpl = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *start;
+
+	if (cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_NONE && sb->len)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!template_file || strbuf_read_file(&tmpl, template_file, 0) <= 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	stripspace(&tmpl, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+	start = (char *)skip_prefix(sb->buf, tmpl.buf);
+	if (!start)
+		start = sb->buf;
+	strbuf_release(&tmpl);
+	return rest_is_empty(sb, start - sb->buf);
+}
+
 static const char *find_author_by_nickname(const char *name)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
@@ -981,27 +946,18 @@
 
 static const char *read_commit_message(const char *name)
 {
-	const char *out_enc, *out;
+	const char *out_enc;
 	struct commit *commit;
 
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference_by_name(name);
 	if (!commit)
 		die(_("could not lookup commit %s"), name);
 	out_enc = get_commit_output_encoding();
-	out = logmsg_reencode(commit, out_enc);
-
-	/*
-	 * If we failed to reencode the buffer, just copy it
-	 * byte for byte so the user can try to fix it up.
-	 * This also handles the case where input and output
-	 * encodings are identical.
-	 */
-	if (out == NULL)
-		out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-	return out;
+	return logmsg_reencode(commit, out_enc);
 }
 
 static int parse_and_validate_options(int argc, const char *argv[],
+				      const struct option *options,
 				      const char * const usage[],
 				      const char *prefix,
 				      struct commit *current_head,
@@ -1009,8 +965,7 @@
 {
 	int f = 0;
 
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_commit_options, usage,
-			     0);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, usage, 0);
 
 	if (force_author && !strchr(force_author, '>'))
 		force_author = find_author_by_nickname(force_author);
@@ -1020,16 +975,20 @@
 
 	if (logfile || message.len || use_message || fixup_message)
 		use_editor = 0;
-	if (edit_flag)
-		use_editor = 1;
+	if (0 <= edit_flag)
+		use_editor = edit_flag;
 	if (!use_editor)
 		setenv("GIT_EDITOR", ":", 1);
 
 	/* Sanity check options */
 	if (amend && !current_head)
 		die(_("You have nothing to amend."));
-	if (amend && whence != FROM_COMMIT)
-		die(_("You are in the middle of a %s -- cannot amend."), whence_s());
+	if (amend && whence != FROM_COMMIT) {
+		if (whence == FROM_MERGE)
+			die(_("You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."));
+		else if (whence == FROM_CHERRY_PICK)
+			die(_("You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."));
+	}
 	if (fixup_message && squash_message)
 		die(_("Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"));
 	if (use_message)
@@ -1044,6 +1003,8 @@
 		die(_("Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."));
 	if (message.len && f > 0)
 		die((_("Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup.")));
+	if (f || message.len)
+		template_file = NULL;
 	if (edit_message)
 		use_message = edit_message;
 	if (amend && !use_message && !fixup_message)
@@ -1089,9 +1050,13 @@
 	if (all && argc > 0)
 		die(_("Paths with -a does not make sense."));
 
-	if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
-		status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
-	if (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+	if (s->null_termination) {
+		if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
+			status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+		else if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+			die(_("--long and -z are incompatible"));
+	}
+	if (status_format != STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
 		dry_run = 1;
 
 	return argc;
@@ -1134,6 +1099,8 @@
 {
 	struct wt_status *s = cb;
 
+	if (!prefixcmp(k, "column."))
+		return git_column_config(k, v, "status", &s->colopts);
 	if (!strcmp(k, "status.submodulesummary")) {
 		int is_bool;
 		s->submodule_summary = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
@@ -1176,29 +1143,33 @@
 
 int cmd_status(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	struct wt_status s;
+	static struct wt_status s;
 	int fd;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	static struct option builtin_status_options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('s', "short", &status_format,
-			    "show status concisely", STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "branch", &status_show_branch,
-			    "show branch information"),
+			    N_("show status concisely"), STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "branch", &s.show_branch,
+			    N_("show branch information")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
-			    "machine-readable output",
+			    N_("machine-readable output"),
 			    STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &null_termination,
-			    "terminate entries with NUL"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
+			    N_("show status in long format (default)"),
+			    STATUS_FORMAT_LONG),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &s.null_termination,
+			    N_("terminate entries with NUL")),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg,
-		  "mode",
-		  "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)",
+		  N_("mode"),
+		  N_("show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ignored", &show_ignored_in_status,
-			    "show ignored files"),
-		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "ignore-submodules", &ignore_submodule_arg, "when",
-		  "ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. (Default: all)",
+			    N_("show ignored files")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "ignore-submodules", &ignore_submodule_arg, N_("when"),
+		  N_("ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. (Default: all)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &s.colopts, N_("list untracked files in columns")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -1212,9 +1183,14 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_status_options,
 			     builtin_status_usage, 0);
+	finalize_colopts(&s.colopts, -1);
 
-	if (null_termination && status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
-		status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+	if (s.null_termination) {
+		if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_NONE)
+			status_format = STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN;
+		else if (status_format == STATUS_FORMAT_LONG)
+			die(_("--long and -z are incompatible"));
+	}
 
 	handle_untracked_files_arg(&s);
 	if (show_ignored_in_status)
@@ -1238,11 +1214,12 @@
 
 	switch (status_format) {
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT:
-		wt_shortstatus_print(&s, null_termination, status_show_branch);
+		wt_shortstatus_print(&s);
 		break;
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN:
-		wt_porcelain_print(&s, null_termination);
+		wt_porcelain_print(&s);
 		break;
+	case STATUS_FORMAT_NONE:
 	case STATUS_FORMAT_LONG:
 		s.verbose = verbose;
 		s.ignore_submodule_arg = ignore_submodule_arg;
@@ -1259,7 +1236,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct strbuf format = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char junk_sha1[20];
-	const char *head = resolve_ref("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
+	const char *head;
 	struct pretty_print_context pctx = {0};
 	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf committer_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1278,7 +1255,7 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Author: ");
 		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &author_ident);
 	}
-	if (!user_ident_sufficiently_given()) {
+	if (!committer_ident_sufficiently_given()) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&format, "\n Committer: ");
 		strbuf_addbuf_percentquote(&format, &committer_ident);
 		if (advice_implicit_identity) {
@@ -1304,6 +1281,7 @@
 	rev.diffopt.break_opt = 0;
 	diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 
+	head = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", junk_sha1, 0, NULL);
 	printf("[%s%s ",
 		!prefixcmp(head, "refs/heads/") ?
 			head + 11 :
@@ -1324,6 +1302,7 @@
 static int git_commit_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
 	struct wt_status *s = cb;
+	int status;
 
 	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.template"))
 		return git_config_pathname(&template_file, k, v);
@@ -1331,12 +1310,15 @@
 		include_status = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "commit.cleanup"))
+		return git_config_string(&cleanup_arg, k, v);
 
+	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
 	return git_status_config(k, v, s);
 }
 
-static const char post_rewrite_hook[] = "hooks/post-rewrite";
-
 static int run_rewrite_hook(const unsigned char *oldsha1,
 			    const unsigned char *newsha1)
 {
@@ -1347,10 +1329,10 @@
 	int code;
 	size_t n;
 
-	if (access(git_path(post_rewrite_hook), X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook("post-rewrite");
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = git_path(post_rewrite_hook);
 	argv[1] = "amend";
 	argv[2] = NULL;
 
@@ -1371,6 +1353,63 @@
 
 int cmd_commit(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
+	static struct wt_status s;
+	static struct option builtin_commit_options[] = {
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress summary after successful commit")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("show diff in commit message template")),
+
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Commit message options")),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &logfile, N_("read message from file")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "author", &force_author, N_("author"), N_("override author for commit")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "date", &force_date, N_("date"), N_("override date for commit")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &message, N_("message"), N_("commit message"), opt_parse_m),
+		OPT_STRING('c', "reedit-message", &edit_message, N_("commit"), N_("reuse and edit message from specified commit")),
+		OPT_STRING('C', "reuse-message", &use_message, N_("commit"), N_("reuse message from specified commit")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "fixup", &fixup_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "squash", &squash_message, N_("commit"), N_("use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset-author", &renew_authorship, N_("the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
+		OPT_FILENAME('t', "template", &template_file, N_("use specified template file")),
+		OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &edit_flag, N_("force edit of commit")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, N_("default"), N_("how to strip spaces and #comments from message")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "status", &include_status, N_("include status in commit message template")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key id"),
+		  N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
+		/* end commit message options */
+
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Commit contents options")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all, N_("commit all changed files")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "include", &also, N_("add specified files to index for commit")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "interactive", &interactive, N_("interactively add files")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_interactive, N_("interactively add changes")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "only", &only, N_("commit only specified files")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-verify", &no_verify, N_("bypass pre-commit hook")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run, N_("show what would be committed")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "short", &status_format, N_("show status concisely"),
+			    STATUS_FORMAT_SHORT),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "branch", &s.show_branch, N_("show branch information")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "porcelain", &status_format,
+			    N_("machine-readable output"), STATUS_FORMAT_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "long", &status_format,
+			    N_("show status in long format (default)"),
+			    STATUS_FORMAT_LONG),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &s.null_termination,
+			    N_("terminate entries with NUL")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "amend", &amend, N_("amend previous commit")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-post-rewrite", &no_post_rewrite, N_("bypass post-rewrite hook")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 'u', "untracked-files", &untracked_files_arg, N_("mode"), N_("show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)"all" },
+		/* end commit contents options */
+
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty", &allow_empty, NULL,
+		  N_("ok to record an empty change"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "allow-empty-message", &allow_empty_message, NULL,
+		  N_("ok to record a change with an empty message"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf author_ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *index_file, *reflog_msg;
@@ -1380,15 +1419,17 @@
 	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, **pptr = &parents;
 	struct stat statbuf;
 	int allow_fast_forward = 1;
-	struct wt_status s;
 	struct commit *current_head = NULL;
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_commit_usage, builtin_commit_options);
 
 	wt_status_prepare(&s);
+	gitmodules_config();
 	git_config(git_commit_config, &s);
 	determine_whence(&s);
+	s.colopts = 0;
 
 	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1))
 		current_head = NULL;
@@ -1397,7 +1438,8 @@
 		if (!current_head || parse_commit(current_head))
 			die(_("could not parse HEAD commit"));
 	}
-	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_usage,
+	argc = parse_and_validate_options(argc, argv, builtin_commit_options,
+					  builtin_commit_usage,
 					  prefix, current_head, &s);
 	if (dry_run)
 		return dry_run_commit(argc, argv, prefix, current_head, &s);
@@ -1425,7 +1467,6 @@
 			pptr = &commit_list_insert(c->item, pptr)->next;
 	} else if (whence == FROM_MERGE) {
 		struct strbuf m = STRBUF_INIT;
-		struct commit *commit;
 		FILE *fp;
 
 		if (!reflog_msg)
@@ -1436,11 +1477,12 @@
 			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
 				  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 		while (strbuf_getline(&m, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			if (get_sha1_hex(m.buf, sha1) < 0)
+			struct commit *parent;
+
+			parent = get_merge_parent(m.buf);
+			if (!parent)
 				die(_("Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"), m.buf);
-			commit = lookup_commit_or_die(sha1, "MERGE_HEAD");
-			pptr = &commit_list_insert(commit, pptr)->next;
+			pptr = &commit_list_insert(parent, pptr)->next;
 		}
 		fclose(fp);
 		strbuf_release(&m);
@@ -1477,18 +1519,32 @@
 
 	if (cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
 		stripspace(&sb, cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
+	if (template_untouched(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
+		rollback_index_files();
+		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"));
+		exit(1);
+	}
 	if (message_is_empty(&sb) && !allow_empty_message) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"));
 		exit(1);
 	}
 
-	if (commit_tree(sb.buf, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, sha1,
-			author_ident.buf)) {
+	if (amend) {
+		const char *exclude_gpgsig[2] = { "gpgsig", NULL };
+		extra = read_commit_extra_headers(current_head, exclude_gpgsig);
+	} else {
+		struct commit_extra_header **tail = &extra;
+		append_merge_tag_headers(parents, &tail);
+	}
+
+	if (commit_tree_extended(&sb, active_cache_tree->sha1, parents, sha1,
+				 author_ident.buf, sign_commit, extra)) {
 		rollback_index_files();
 		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	}
 	strbuf_release(&author_ident);
+	free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
 
 	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD",
 					   !current_head
@@ -1514,6 +1570,7 @@
 	}
 
 	unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+	unlink(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
 	unlink(git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
diff --git a/builtin/config.c b/builtin/config.c
index 0315ad7..33c9bf9 100644
--- a/builtin/config.c
+++ b/builtin/config.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char *const builtin_config_usage[] = {
-	"git config [options]",
+	N_("git config [options]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -15,7 +15,6 @@
 static int use_key_regexp;
 static int do_all;
 static int do_not_match;
-static int seen;
 static char delim = '=';
 static char key_delim = ' ';
 static char term = '\n';
@@ -25,6 +24,7 @@
 static int actions, types;
 static const char *get_color_slot, *get_colorbool_slot;
 static int end_null;
+static int respect_includes = -1;
 
 #define ACTION_GET (1<<0)
 #define ACTION_GET_ALL (1<<1)
@@ -48,32 +48,33 @@
 #define TYPE_PATH (1<<3)
 
 static struct option builtin_config_options[] = {
-	OPT_GROUP("Config file location"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "global", &use_global_config, "use global config file"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "system", &use_system_config, "use system config file"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "local", &use_local_config, "use repository config file"),
-	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, "file", "use given config file"),
-	OPT_GROUP("Action"),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "get", &actions, "get value: name [value-regex]", ACTION_GET),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "get-all", &actions, "get all values: key [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_ALL),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "get-regexp", &actions, "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]", ACTION_GET_REGEXP),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "replace-all", &actions, "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]", ACTION_REPLACE_ALL),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "add", &actions, "adds a new variable: name value", ACTION_ADD),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "unset", &actions, "removes a variable: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "unset-all", &actions, "removes all matches: name [value-regex]", ACTION_UNSET_ALL),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "rename-section", &actions, "rename section: old-name new-name", ACTION_RENAME_SECTION),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "remove-section", &actions, "remove a section: name", ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION),
-	OPT_BIT('l', "list", &actions, "list all", ACTION_LIST),
-	OPT_BIT('e', "edit", &actions, "opens an editor", ACTION_EDIT),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "get-color", &get_color_slot, "slot", "find the color configured: [default]"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "get-colorbool", &get_colorbool_slot, "slot", "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"),
-	OPT_GROUP("Type"),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "bool", &types, "value is \"true\" or \"false\"", TYPE_BOOL),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "int", &types, "value is decimal number", TYPE_INT),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "bool-or-int", &types, "value is --bool or --int", TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
-	OPT_BIT(0, "path", &types, "value is a path (file or directory name)", TYPE_PATH),
-	OPT_GROUP("Other"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &end_null, "terminate values with NUL byte"),
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Config file location")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "global", &use_global_config, N_("use global config file")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "system", &use_system_config, N_("use system config file")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "local", &use_local_config, N_("use repository config file")),
+	OPT_STRING('f', "file", &given_config_file, N_("file"), N_("use given config file")),
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Action")),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get", &actions, N_("get value: name [value-regex]"), ACTION_GET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-all", &actions, N_("get all values: key [value-regex]"), ACTION_GET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "get-regexp", &actions, N_("get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"), ACTION_GET_REGEXP),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "replace-all", &actions, N_("replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"), ACTION_REPLACE_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "add", &actions, N_("add a new variable: name value"), ACTION_ADD),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset", &actions, N_("remove a variable: name [value-regex]"), ACTION_UNSET),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "unset-all", &actions, N_("remove all matches: name [value-regex]"), ACTION_UNSET_ALL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "rename-section", &actions, N_("rename section: old-name new-name"), ACTION_RENAME_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "remove-section", &actions, N_("remove a section: name"), ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION),
+	OPT_BIT('l', "list", &actions, N_("list all"), ACTION_LIST),
+	OPT_BIT('e', "edit", &actions, N_("open an editor"), ACTION_EDIT),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-color", &get_color_slot, N_("slot"), N_("find the color configured: [default]")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "get-colorbool", &get_colorbool_slot, N_("slot"), N_("find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]")),
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Type")),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool", &types, N_("value is \"true\" or \"false\""), TYPE_BOOL),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "int", &types, N_("value is decimal number"), TYPE_INT),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "bool-or-int", &types, N_("value is --bool or --int"), TYPE_BOOL_OR_INT),
+	OPT_BIT(0, "path", &types, N_("value is a path (file or directory name)"), TYPE_PATH),
+	OPT_GROUP(N_("Other")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &end_null, N_("terminate values with NUL byte")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "includes", &respect_includes, N_("respect include directives on lookup")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -93,12 +94,19 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
+struct strbuf_list {
+	struct strbuf *items;
+	int nr;
+	int alloc;
+};
+
+static int collect_config(const char *key_, const char *value_, void *cb)
 {
+	struct strbuf_list *values = cb;
+	struct strbuf *buf;
 	char value[256];
 	const char *vptr = value;
 	int must_free_vptr = 0;
-	int dup_error = 0;
 	int must_print_delim = 0;
 
 	if (!use_key_regexp && strcmp(key_, key))
@@ -109,12 +117,14 @@
 	    (do_not_match ^ !!regexec(regexp, (value_?value_:""), 0, NULL, 0)))
 		return 0;
 
+	ALLOC_GROW(values->items, values->nr + 1, values->alloc);
+	buf = &values->items[values->nr++];
+	strbuf_init(buf, 0);
+
 	if (show_keys) {
-		printf("%s", key_);
+		strbuf_addstr(buf, key_);
 		must_print_delim = 1;
 	}
-	if (seen && !do_all)
-		dup_error = 1;
 	if (types == TYPE_INT)
 		sprintf(value, "%d", git_config_int(key_, value_?value_:""));
 	else if (types == TYPE_BOOL)
@@ -127,7 +137,8 @@
 		else
 			sprintf(value, "%d", v);
 	} else if (types == TYPE_PATH) {
-		git_config_pathname(&vptr, key_, value_);
+		if (git_config_pathname(&vptr, key_, value_) < 0)
+			return -1;
 		must_free_vptr = 1;
 	} else if (value_) {
 		vptr = value_;
@@ -136,16 +147,12 @@
 		vptr = "";
 		must_print_delim = 0;
 	}
-	seen++;
-	if (dup_error) {
-		error("More than one value for the key %s: %s",
-				key_, vptr);
-	}
-	else {
-		if (must_print_delim)
-			printf("%c", key_delim);
-		printf("%s%c", vptr, term);
-	}
+
+	if (must_print_delim)
+		strbuf_addch(buf, key_delim);
+	strbuf_addstr(buf, vptr);
+	strbuf_addch(buf, term);
+
 	if (must_free_vptr)
 		/* If vptr must be freed, it's a pointer to a
 		 * dynamically allocated buffer, it's safe to cast to
@@ -158,19 +165,9 @@
 
 static int get_value(const char *key_, const char *regex_)
 {
-	int ret = -1;
-	char *global = NULL, *repo_config = NULL;
-	const char *system_wide = NULL, *local;
-
-	local = config_exclusive_filename;
-	if (!local) {
-		const char *home = getenv("HOME");
-		local = repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
-		if (home)
-			global = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-		if (git_config_system())
-			system_wide = git_etc_gitconfig();
-	}
+	int ret = CONFIG_GENERIC_ERROR;
+	struct strbuf_list values = {NULL};
+	int i;
 
 	if (use_key_regexp) {
 		char *tl;
@@ -192,12 +189,16 @@
 		key_regexp = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 		if (regcomp(key_regexp, key, REG_EXTENDED)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid key pattern: %s\n", key_);
-			free(key);
+			free(key_regexp);
+			key_regexp = NULL;
+			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
 			goto free_strings;
 		}
 	} else {
-		if (git_config_parse_key(key_, &key, NULL))
+		if (git_config_parse_key(key_, &key, NULL)) {
+			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
 			goto free_strings;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (regex_) {
@@ -209,38 +210,37 @@
 		regexp = (regex_t*)xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
 		if (regcomp(regexp, regex_, REG_EXTENDED)) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid pattern: %s\n", regex_);
+			free(regexp);
+			regexp = NULL;
+			ret = CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN;
 			goto free_strings;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (do_all && system_wide)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide, NULL);
-	if (do_all && global)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, global, NULL);
-	if (do_all)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, local, NULL);
-	git_config_from_parameters(show_config, NULL);
-	if (!do_all && !seen)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, local, NULL);
-	if (!do_all && !seen && global)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, global, NULL);
-	if (!do_all && !seen && system_wide)
-		git_config_from_file(show_config, system_wide, NULL);
+	git_config_with_options(collect_config, &values,
+				given_config_file, respect_includes);
 
+	ret = !values.nr;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < values.nr; i++) {
+		struct strbuf *buf = values.items + i;
+		if (do_all || i == values.nr - 1)
+			fwrite(buf->buf, 1, buf->len, stdout);
+		strbuf_release(buf);
+	}
+	free(values.items);
+
+free_strings:
 	free(key);
+	if (key_regexp) {
+		regfree(key_regexp);
+		free(key_regexp);
+	}
 	if (regexp) {
 		regfree(regexp);
 		free(regexp);
 	}
 
-	if (do_all)
-		ret = !seen;
-	else
-		ret = (seen == 1) ? 0 : seen > 1 ? 2 : 1;
-
-free_strings:
-	free(repo_config);
-	free(global);
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -301,7 +301,8 @@
 {
 	get_color_found = 0;
 	parsed_color[0] = '\0';
-	git_config(git_get_color_config, NULL);
+	git_config_with_options(git_get_color_config, NULL,
+				given_config_file, respect_includes);
 
 	if (!get_color_found && def_color)
 		color_parse(def_color, "command line", parsed_color);
@@ -328,7 +329,8 @@
 {
 	get_colorbool_found = -1;
 	get_diff_color_found = -1;
-	git_config(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL);
+	git_config_with_options(git_get_colorbool_config, NULL,
+				given_config_file, respect_includes);
 
 	if (get_colorbool_found < 0) {
 		if (!strcmp(get_colorbool_slot, "color.diff"))
@@ -351,7 +353,7 @@
 	int nongit = !startup_info->have_repository;
 	char *value;
 
-	config_exclusive_filename = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
+	given_config_file = getenv(CONFIG_ENVIRONMENT);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_config_options,
 			     builtin_config_usage,
@@ -363,27 +365,41 @@
 	}
 
 	if (use_global_config) {
-		char *home = getenv("HOME");
-		if (home) {
-			char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-			config_exclusive_filename = user_config;
-		} else {
+		char *user_config = NULL;
+		char *xdg_config = NULL;
+
+		home_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config, "config");
+
+		if (!user_config)
+			/*
+			 * It is unknown if HOME/.gitconfig exists, so
+			 * we do not know if we should write to XDG
+			 * location; error out even if XDG_CONFIG_HOME
+			 * is set and points at a sane location.
+			 */
 			die("$HOME not set");
-		}
+
+		if (access_or_warn(user_config, R_OK) &&
+		    xdg_config && !access_or_warn(xdg_config, R_OK))
+			given_config_file = xdg_config;
+		else
+			given_config_file = user_config;
 	}
 	else if (use_system_config)
-		config_exclusive_filename = git_etc_gitconfig();
+		given_config_file = git_etc_gitconfig();
 	else if (use_local_config)
-		config_exclusive_filename = git_pathdup("config");
+		given_config_file = git_pathdup("config");
 	else if (given_config_file) {
 		if (!is_absolute_path(given_config_file) && prefix)
-			config_exclusive_filename = prefix_filename(prefix,
-								    strlen(prefix),
-								    given_config_file);
-		else
-			config_exclusive_filename = given_config_file;
+			given_config_file =
+				xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix,
+							strlen(prefix),
+							given_config_file));
 	}
 
+	if (respect_includes == -1)
+		respect_includes = !given_config_file;
+
 	if (end_null) {
 		term = '\0';
 		delim = '\n';
@@ -420,47 +436,52 @@
 
 	if (actions == ACTION_LIST) {
 		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
-		if (git_config(show_all_config, NULL) < 0) {
-			if (config_exclusive_filename)
+		if (git_config_with_options(show_all_config, NULL,
+					    given_config_file,
+					    respect_includes) < 0) {
+			if (given_config_file)
 				die_errno("unable to read config file '%s'",
-					  config_exclusive_filename);
+					  given_config_file);
 			else
 				die("error processing config file(s)");
 		}
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_EDIT) {
 		check_argc(argc, 0, 0);
-		if (!config_exclusive_filename && nongit)
+		if (!given_config_file && nongit)
 			die("not in a git directory");
 		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
-		launch_editor(config_exclusive_filename ?
-			      config_exclusive_filename : git_path("config"),
+		launch_editor(given_config_file ?
+			      given_config_file : git_path("config"),
 			      NULL, NULL);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_SET) {
 		int ret;
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		ret = git_config_set(argv[0], value);
+		ret = git_config_set_in_file(given_config_file, argv[0], value);
 		if (ret == CONFIG_NOTHING_SET)
 			error("cannot overwrite multiple values with a single value\n"
-			"       Use a regexp, --add or --set-all to change %s.", argv[0]);
+			"       Use a regexp, --add or --replace-all to change %s.", argv[0]);
 		return ret;
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_SET_ALL) {
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_file,
+						       argv[0], value, argv[2], 0);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_ADD) {
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, "^$", 0);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_file,
+						       argv[0], value, "^$", 0);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_REPLACE_ALL) {
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 3);
 		value = normalize_value(argv[0], argv[1]);
-		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_file,
+						       argv[0], value, argv[2], 1);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_GET) {
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
@@ -481,18 +502,22 @@
 	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET) {
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
 		if (argc == 2)
-			return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
+			return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_file,
+							       argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 0);
 		else
-			return git_config_set(argv[0], NULL);
+			return git_config_set_in_file(given_config_file,
+						      argv[0], NULL);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_UNSET_ALL) {
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 2);
-		return git_config_set_multivar(argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
+		return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(given_config_file,
+						       argv[0], NULL, argv[1], 1);
 	}
 	else if (actions == ACTION_RENAME_SECTION) {
 		int ret;
 		check_argc(argc, 2, 2);
-		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], argv[1]);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section_in_file(given_config_file,
+							argv[0], argv[1]);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			return ret;
 		if (ret == 0)
@@ -501,7 +526,8 @@
 	else if (actions == ACTION_REMOVE_SECTION) {
 		int ret;
 		check_argc(argc, 1, 1);
-		ret = git_config_rename_section(argv[0], NULL);
+		ret = git_config_rename_section_in_file(given_config_file,
+							argv[0], NULL);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			return ret;
 		if (ret == 0)
diff --git a/builtin/count-objects.c b/builtin/count-objects.c
index c37cb98..9afaa88 100644
--- a/builtin/count-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/count-objects.c
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 }
 
 static char const * const count_objects_usage[] = {
-	"git count-objects [-v]",
+	N_("git count-objects [-v]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 	unsigned long loose = 0, packed = 0, packed_loose = 0, garbage = 0;
 	off_t loose_size = 0;
 	struct option opts[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/credential.c b/builtin/credential.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0412fa0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/builtin/credential.c
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "builtin.h"
+
+static const char usage_msg[] =
+	"git credential [fill|approve|reject]";
+
+int cmd_credential(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+{
+	const char *op;
+	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+
+	op = argv[1];
+	if (!op)
+		usage(usage_msg);
+
+	if (credential_read(&c, stdin) < 0)
+		die("unable to read credential from stdin");
+
+	if (!strcmp(op, "fill")) {
+		credential_fill(&c);
+		credential_write(&c, stdout);
+	} else if (!strcmp(op, "approve")) {
+		credential_approve(&c);
+	} else if (!strcmp(op, "reject")) {
+		credential_reject(&c);
+	} else {
+		usage(usage_msg);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/builtin/describe.c b/builtin/describe.c
index 9f63067..04c185b 100644
--- a/builtin/describe.c
+++ b/builtin/describe.c
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 #define MAX_TAGS	(FLAG_BITS - 1)
 
 static const char * const describe_usage[] = {
-	"git describe [options] <committish>*",
-	"git describe [options] --dirty",
+	N_("git describe [options] <committish>*"),
+	N_("git describe [options] --dirty"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@
 	if (!all && !might_be_tag)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled) && !is_null_sha1(peeled)) {
+	if (!peel_ref(path, peeled)) {
 		is_tag = !!hashcmp(sha1, peeled);
 	} else {
 		hashcpy(peeled, sha1);
@@ -400,22 +400,22 @@
 {
 	int contains = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "contains",   &contains, "find the tag that comes after the commit"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug",      &debug, "debug search strategy on stderr"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all",        &all, "use any ref in .git/refs"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags",       &tags, "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "long",       &longformat, "always use long format"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "contains",   &contains, N_("find the tag that comes after the commit")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug",      &debug, N_("debug search strategy on stderr")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all",        &all, N_("use any ref in .git/refs")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags",       &tags, N_("use any tag in .git/refs/tags")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "long",       &longformat, N_("always use long format")),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "exact-match", &max_candidates,
-			    "only output exact matches", 0),
+			    N_("only output exact matches"), 0),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "candidates", &max_candidates,
-			    "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "match",       &pattern, "pattern",
-			   "only consider tags matching <pattern>"),
+			    N_("consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "match",       &pattern, N_("pattern"),
+			   N_("only consider tags matching <pattern>")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "always",     &always,
-			   "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"),
-		{OPTION_STRING, 0, "dirty",  &dirty, "mark",
-			   "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")",
+			   N_("show abbreviated commit object as fallback")),
+		{OPTION_STRING, 0, "dirty",  &dirty, N_("mark"),
+			   N_("append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"),
 		 PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "-dirty"},
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
diff --git a/builtin/diff-index.c b/builtin/diff-index.c
index 2eb32bd..1c737f7 100644
--- a/builtin/diff-index.c
+++ b/builtin/diff-index.c
@@ -41,9 +41,13 @@
 	if (rev.pending.nr != 1 ||
 	    rev.max_count != -1 || rev.min_age != -1 || rev.max_age != -1)
 		usage(diff_cache_usage);
-	if (!cached)
+	if (!cached) {
 		setup_work_tree();
-	if (read_cache() < 0) {
+		if (read_cache_preload(rev.diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
+			perror("read_cache_preload");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (read_cache() < 0) {
 		perror("read_cache");
 		return -1;
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/diff.c b/builtin/diff.c
index 1118689..8c2af6c 100644
--- a/builtin/diff.c
+++ b/builtin/diff.c
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
 
 struct blobinfo {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@
 			 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 			 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 			 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+			 int old_sha1_valid,
+			 int new_sha1_valid,
 			 const char *old_name,
 			 const char *new_name)
 {
@@ -53,8 +56,8 @@
 
 	one = alloc_filespec(old_name);
 	two = alloc_filespec(new_name);
-	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_mode);
-	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_mode);
+	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_sha1_valid, old_mode);
+	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_sha1_valid, new_mode);
 
 	diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, one, two);
 }
@@ -83,6 +86,7 @@
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
 		     blob[0].mode, canon_mode(st.st_mode),
 		     blob[0].sha1, null_sha1,
+		     1, 0,
 		     path, path);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -107,6 +111,7 @@
 	stuff_change(&revs->diffopt,
 		     blob[0].mode, blob[1].mode,
 		     blob[0].sha1, blob[1].sha1,
+		     1, 1,
 		     blob[0].name, blob[1].name);
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
 	diff_flush(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -125,8 +130,6 @@
 			usage(builtin_diff_usage);
 		argv++; argc--;
 	}
-	if (!cached)
-		setup_work_tree();
 	/*
 	 * Make sure there is one revision (i.e. pending object),
 	 * and there is no revision filtering parameters.
@@ -135,8 +138,14 @@
 	    revs->max_count != -1 || revs->min_age != -1 ||
 	    revs->max_age != -1)
 		usage(builtin_diff_usage);
-	if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
-		perror("read_cache_preload");
+	if (!cached) {
+		setup_work_tree();
+		if (read_cache_preload(revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw) < 0) {
+			perror("read_cache_preload");
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (read_cache() < 0) {
+		perror("read_cache");
 		return -1;
 	}
 	return run_diff_index(revs, cached);
@@ -169,7 +178,7 @@
 				 struct object_array_entry *ent,
 				 int ents)
 {
-	const unsigned char (*parent)[20];
+	struct sha1_array parents = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int i;
 
 	if (argc > 1)
@@ -177,12 +186,11 @@
 
 	if (!revs->dense_combined_merges && !revs->combine_merges)
 		revs->dense_combined_merges = revs->combine_merges = 1;
-	parent = xmalloc(ents * sizeof(*parent));
-	for (i = 0; i < ents; i++)
-		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + i), ent[i].item->sha1);
-	diff_tree_combined(parent[0], parent + 1, ents - 1,
+	for (i = 1; i < ents; i++)
+		sha1_array_append(&parents, ent[i].item->sha1);
+	diff_tree_combined(ent[0].item->sha1, &parents,
 			   revs->dense_combined_merges, revs);
-	free(parent);
+	sha1_array_clear(&parents);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -285,6 +293,10 @@
 	/* Otherwise, we are doing the usual "git" diff */
 	rev.diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = !!diff_auto_refresh_index;
 
+	/* Scale to real terminal size and respect statGraphWidth config */
+	rev.diffopt.stat_width = -1;
+	rev.diffopt.stat_graph_width = -1;
+
 	/* Default to let external and textconv be used */
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_EXTERNAL);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, ALLOW_TEXTCONV);
@@ -294,19 +306,12 @@
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format) {
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-		if (diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt) < 0)
-			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
+		diff_setup_done(&rev.diffopt);
 	}
 
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
 
-	/*
-	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
-	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
-	 */
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&rev.diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
-	    check_pager_config("diff") != 0)
-		setup_pager();
+	setup_diff_pager(&rev.diffopt);
 
 	/*
 	 * Do we have --cached and not have a pending object, then
@@ -323,7 +328,7 @@
 				add_head_to_pending(&rev);
 				if (!rev.pending.nr) {
 					struct tree *tree;
-					tree = lookup_tree((const unsigned char*)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+					tree = lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
 					add_pending_object(&rev, &tree->object, "HEAD");
 				}
 				break;
diff --git a/builtin/fast-export.c b/builtin/fast-export.c
index 9836e6b..77dffd1 100644
--- a/builtin/fast-export.c
+++ b/builtin/fast-export.c
@@ -19,13 +19,13 @@
 #include "quote.h"
 
 static const char *fast_export_usage[] = {
-	"git fast-export [rev-list-opts]",
+	N_("git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static int progress;
 static enum { ABORT, VERBATIM, WARN, STRIP } signed_tag_mode = ABORT;
-static enum { ERROR, DROP, REWRITE } tag_of_filtered_mode = ABORT;
+static enum { ERROR, DROP, REWRITE } tag_of_filtered_mode = ERROR;
 static int fake_missing_tagger;
 static int use_done_feature;
 static int no_data;
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 					  const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	if (unset || !strcmp(arg, "abort"))
-		tag_of_filtered_mode = ABORT;
+		tag_of_filtered_mode = ERROR;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "drop"))
 		tag_of_filtered_mode = DROP;
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "rewrite"))
@@ -185,6 +185,8 @@
 	int need_quote = quote_c_style(path, NULL, NULL, 0);
 	if (need_quote)
 		quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
+	else if (strchr(path, ' '))
+		printf("\"%s\"", path);
 	else
 		printf("%s", path);
 }
@@ -472,18 +474,21 @@
 	       (int)message_size, (int)message_size, message ? message : "");
 }
 
-static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct object_array *pending,
+static void get_tags_and_duplicates(struct rev_cmdline_info *info,
 				    struct string_list *extra_refs)
 {
 	struct tag *tag;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < pending->nr; i++) {
-		struct object_array_entry *e = pending->objects + i;
+	for (i = 0; i < info->nr; i++) {
+		struct rev_cmdline_entry *e = info->rev + i;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct commit *commit = commit;
+		struct commit *commit;
 		char *full_name;
 
+		if (e->flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+
 		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &full_name) != 1)
 			continue;
 
@@ -521,10 +526,14 @@
 				typename(e->item->type));
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (commit->util)
-			/* more than one name for the same object */
+
+		/*
+		 * This ref will not be updated through a commit, lets make
+		 * sure it gets properly updated eventually.
+		 */
+		if (commit->util || commit->object.flags & SHOWN)
 			string_list_append(extra_refs, full_name)->util = commit;
-		else
+		if (!commit->util)
 			commit->util = full_name;
 	}
 }
@@ -610,7 +619,11 @@
 			die ("Could not read blob %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 		if (object->flags & SHOWN)
-			error("Object %s already has a mark", sha1);
+			error("Object %s already has a mark", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+		if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			/* only commits */
+			continue;
 
 		mark_object(object, mark);
 		if (last_idnum < mark)
@@ -630,26 +643,24 @@
 	char *export_filename = NULL, *import_filename = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "progress", &progress,
-			    "show progress after <n> objects"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "signed-tags", &signed_tag_mode, "mode",
-			     "select handling of signed tags",
+			    N_("show progress after <n> objects")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "signed-tags", &signed_tag_mode, N_("mode"),
+			     N_("select handling of signed tags"),
 			     parse_opt_signed_tag_mode),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "tag-of-filtered-object", &tag_of_filtered_mode, "mode",
-			     "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects",
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0, "tag-of-filtered-object", &tag_of_filtered_mode, N_("mode"),
+			     N_("select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"),
 			     parse_opt_tag_of_filtered_mode),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, "file",
-			     "Dump marks to this file"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, "file",
-			     "Import marks from this file"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "export-marks", &export_filename, N_("file"),
+			     N_("Dump marks to this file")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "import-marks", &import_filename, N_("file"),
+			     N_("Import marks from this file")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "fake-missing-tagger", &fake_missing_tagger,
-			     "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"),
+			     N_("Fake a tagger when tags lack one")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full-tree", &full_tree,
-			     "Output full tree for each commit"),
+			     N_("Output full tree for each commit")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "use-done-feature", &use_done_feature,
-			     "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"),
-		{ OPTION_NEGBIT, 0, "data", &no_data, NULL,
-			"Skip output of blob data",
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP, NULL, 1 },
+			     N_("Use the done feature to terminate the stream")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "no-data", &no_data, N_("Skip output of blob data")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -677,7 +688,7 @@
 	if (import_filename && revs.prune_data.nr)
 		full_tree = 1;
 
-	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.pending, &extra_refs);
+	get_tags_and_duplicates(&revs.cmdline, &extra_refs);
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
diff --git a/builtin/fetch-pack.c b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
index c6bc8eb..940ae35 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch-pack.c
@@ -1,985 +1,137 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "refs.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "pack.h"
-#include "sideband.h"
 #include "fetch-pack.h"
-#include "remote.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-#include "transport.h"
-
-static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
-static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
-static int unpack_limit = 100;
-static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
-static int no_done;
-static int fetch_fsck_objects = -1;
-static int transfer_fsck_objects = -1;
-static struct fetch_pack_args args = {
-	/* .uploadpack = */ "git-upload-pack",
-};
 
 static const char fetch_pack_usage[] =
-"git fetch-pack [--all] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] [--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] [--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
-
-#define COMPLETE	(1U << 0)
-#define COMMON		(1U << 1)
-#define COMMON_REF	(1U << 2)
-#define SEEN		(1U << 3)
-#define POPPED		(1U << 4)
-
-static int marked;
-
-/*
- * After sending this many "have"s if we do not get any new ACK , we
- * give up traversing our history.
- */
-#define MAX_IN_VAIN 256
-
-static struct commit_list *rev_list;
-static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband;
-
-static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
-{
-	if (!(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
-		commit->object.flags |= mark;
-
-		if (!(commit->object.parsed))
-			if (parse_commit(commit))
-				return;
-
-		commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &rev_list);
-
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
-			non_common_revs++;
-	}
-}
-
-static int rev_list_insert_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), path, 0);
-
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, SEEN);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int clear_marks(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), path, 0);
-
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
-		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
-				   COMMON | COMMON_REF | SEEN | POPPED);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
-   This function marks a rev and its ancestors as common.
-   In some cases, it is desirable to mark only the ancestors (for example
-   when only the server does not yet know that they are common).
-*/
-
-static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
-		int ancestors_only, int dont_parse)
-{
-	if (commit != NULL && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
-		struct object *o = (struct object *)commit;
-
-		if (!ancestors_only)
-			o->flags |= COMMON;
-
-		if (!(o->flags & SEEN))
-			rev_list_push(commit, SEEN);
-		else {
-			struct commit_list *parents;
-
-			if (!ancestors_only && !(o->flags & POPPED))
-				non_common_revs--;
-			if (!o->parsed && !dont_parse)
-				if (parse_commit(commit))
-					return;
-
-			for (parents = commit->parents;
-					parents;
-					parents = parents->next)
-				mark_common(parents->item, 0, dont_parse);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-/*
-  Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
-*/
-
-static const unsigned char *get_rev(void)
-{
-	struct commit *commit = NULL;
-
-	while (commit == NULL) {
-		unsigned int mark;
-		struct commit_list *parents;
-
-		if (rev_list == NULL || non_common_revs == 0)
-			return NULL;
-
-		commit = rev_list->item;
-		if (!commit->object.parsed)
-			parse_commit(commit);
-		parents = commit->parents;
-
-		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
-			non_common_revs--;
-
-		if (commit->object.flags & COMMON) {
-			/* do not send "have", and ignore ancestors */
-			commit = NULL;
-			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
-		} else if (commit->object.flags & COMMON_REF)
-			/* send "have", and ignore ancestors */
-			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
-		else
-			/* send "have", also for its ancestors */
-			mark = SEEN;
-
-		while (parents) {
-			if (!(parents->item->object.flags & SEEN))
-				rev_list_push(parents->item, mark);
-			if (mark & COMMON)
-				mark_common(parents->item, 1, 0);
-			parents = parents->next;
-		}
-
-		rev_list = rev_list->next;
-	}
-
-	return commit->object.sha1;
-}
-
-enum ack_type {
-	NAK = 0,
-	ACK,
-	ACK_continue,
-	ACK_common,
-	ACK_ready
-};
-
-static void consume_shallow_list(int fd)
-{
-	if (args.stateless_rpc && args.depth > 0) {
-		/* If we sent a depth we will get back "duplicate"
-		 * shallow and unshallow commands every time there
-		 * is a block of have lines exchanged.
-		 */
-		char line[1000];
-		while (packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line))) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow "))
-				continue;
-			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow "))
-				continue;
-			die("git fetch-pack: expected shallow list");
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-struct write_shallow_data {
-	struct strbuf *out;
-	int use_pack_protocol;
-	int count;
-};
-
-static int write_one_shallow(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct write_shallow_data *data = cb_data;
-	const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1);
-	data->count++;
-	if (data->use_pack_protocol)
-		packet_buf_write(data->out, "shallow %s", hex);
-	else {
-		strbuf_addstr(data->out, hex);
-		strbuf_addch(data->out, '\n');
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol)
-{
-	struct write_shallow_data data;
-	data.out = out;
-	data.use_pack_protocol = use_pack_protocol;
-	data.count = 0;
-	for_each_commit_graft(write_one_shallow, &data);
-	return data.count;
-}
-
-static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
-{
-	static char line[1000];
-	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
-
-	if (!len)
-		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
-	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
-		line[--len] = 0;
-	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
-		return NAK;
-	if (!prefixcmp(line, "ACK ")) {
-		if (!get_sha1_hex(line+4, result_sha1)) {
-			if (strstr(line+45, "continue"))
-				return ACK_continue;
-			if (strstr(line+45, "common"))
-				return ACK_common;
-			if (strstr(line+45, "ready"))
-				return ACK_ready;
-			return ACK;
-		}
-	}
-	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
-}
-
-static void send_request(int fd, struct strbuf *buf)
-{
-	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
-		send_sideband(fd, -1, buf->buf, buf->len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-		packet_flush(fd);
-	} else
-		safe_write(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
-}
-
-static void insert_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
-{
-	rev_list_insert_ref(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
-}
-
-static void insert_alternate_refs(void)
-{
-	for_each_alternate_ref(insert_one_alternate_ref, NULL);
-}
-
-#define INITIAL_FLUSH 16
-#define PIPESAFE_FLUSH 32
-#define LARGE_FLUSH 1024
-
-static int next_flush(int count)
-{
-	int flush_limit = args.stateless_rpc ? LARGE_FLUSH : PIPESAFE_FLUSH;
-
-	if (count < flush_limit)
-		count <<= 1;
-	else
-		count += flush_limit;
-	return count;
-}
-
-static int find_common(int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
-		       struct ref *refs)
-{
-	int fetching;
-	int count = 0, flushes = 0, flush_at = INITIAL_FLUSH, retval;
-	const unsigned char *sha1;
-	unsigned in_vain = 0;
-	int got_continue = 0;
-	int got_ready = 0;
-	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t state_len = 0;
-
-	if (args.stateless_rpc && multi_ack == 1)
-		die("--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed");
-	if (marked)
-		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
-	marked = 1;
-
-	for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref, NULL);
-	insert_alternate_refs();
-
-	fetching = 0;
-	for ( ; refs ; refs = refs->next) {
-		unsigned char *remote = refs->old_sha1;
-		const char *remote_hex;
-		struct object *o;
-
-		/*
-		 * If that object is complete (i.e. it is an ancestor of a
-		 * local ref), we tell them we have it but do not have to
-		 * tell them about its ancestors, which they already know
-		 * about.
-		 *
-		 * We use lookup_object here because we are only
-		 * interested in the case we *know* the object is
-		 * reachable and we have already scanned it.
-		 */
-		if (((o = lookup_object(remote)) != NULL) &&
-				(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		remote_hex = sha1_to_hex(remote);
-		if (!fetching) {
-			struct strbuf c = STRBUF_INIT;
-			if (multi_ack == 2)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack_detailed");
-			if (multi_ack == 1)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack");
-			if (no_done)            strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-done");
-			if (use_sideband == 2)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band-64k");
-			if (use_sideband == 1)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band");
-			if (args.use_thin_pack) strbuf_addstr(&c, " thin-pack");
-			if (args.no_progress)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-progress");
-			if (args.include_tag)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " include-tag");
-			if (prefer_ofs_delta)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " ofs-delta");
-			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s%s\n", remote_hex, c.buf);
-			strbuf_release(&c);
-		} else
-			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s\n", remote_hex);
-		fetching++;
-	}
-
-	if (!fetching) {
-		strbuf_release(&req_buf);
-		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-		return 1;
-	}
-
-	if (is_repository_shallow())
-		write_shallow_commits(&req_buf, 1);
-	if (args.depth > 0)
-		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen %d", args.depth);
-	packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
-	state_len = req_buf.len;
-
-	if (args.depth > 0) {
-		char line[1024];
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
-		while (packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line))) {
-			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
-				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
-					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
-				register_shallow(sha1);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow ")) {
-				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 10, sha1))
-					die("invalid unshallow line: %s", line);
-				if (!lookup_object(sha1))
-					die("object not found: %s", line);
-				/* make sure that it is parsed as shallow */
-				if (!parse_object(sha1))
-					die("error in object: %s", line);
-				if (unregister_shallow(sha1))
-					die("no shallow found: %s", line);
-				continue;
-			}
-			die("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s", line);
-		}
-	} else if (!args.stateless_rpc)
-		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
-
-	if (!args.stateless_rpc) {
-		/* If we aren't using the stateless-rpc interface
-		 * we don't need to retain the headers.
-		 */
-		strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, 0);
-		state_len = 0;
-	}
-
-	flushes = 0;
-	retval = -1;
-	while ((sha1 = get_rev())) {
-		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		in_vain++;
-		if (flush_at <= ++count) {
-			int ack;
-
-			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
-			send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
-			strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, state_len);
-			flushes++;
-			flush_at = next_flush(count);
-
-			/*
-			 * We keep one window "ahead" of the other side, and
-			 * will wait for an ACK only on the next one
-			 */
-			if (!args.stateless_rpc && count == INITIAL_FLUSH)
-				continue;
-
-			consume_shallow_list(fd[0]);
-			do {
-				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
-				if (args.verbose && ack)
-					fprintf(stderr, "got ack %d %s\n", ack,
-							sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-				switch (ack) {
-				case ACK:
-					flushes = 0;
-					multi_ack = 0;
-					retval = 0;
-					goto done;
-				case ACK_common:
-				case ACK_ready:
-				case ACK_continue: {
-					struct commit *commit =
-						lookup_commit(result_sha1);
-					if (!commit)
-						die("invalid commit %s", sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-					if (args.stateless_rpc
-					 && ack == ACK_common
-					 && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
-						/* We need to replay the have for this object
-						 * on the next RPC request so the peer knows
-						 * it is in common with us.
-						 */
-						const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(result_sha1);
-						packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", hex);
-						state_len = req_buf.len;
-					}
-					mark_common(commit, 0, 1);
-					retval = 0;
-					in_vain = 0;
-					got_continue = 1;
-					if (ack == ACK_ready) {
-						rev_list = NULL;
-						got_ready = 1;
-					}
-					break;
-					}
-				}
-			} while (ack);
-			flushes--;
-			if (got_continue && MAX_IN_VAIN < in_vain) {
-				if (args.verbose)
-					fprintf(stderr, "giving up\n");
-				break; /* give up */
-			}
-		}
-	}
-done:
-	if (!got_ready || !no_done) {
-		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
-		send_request(fd[1], &req_buf);
-	}
-	if (args.verbose)
-		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
-	if (retval != 0) {
-		multi_ack = 0;
-		flushes++;
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
-
-	consume_shallow_list(fd[0]);
-	while (flushes || multi_ack) {
-		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
-		if (ack) {
-			if (args.verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "got ack (%d) %s\n", ack,
-					sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-			if (ack == ACK)
-				return 0;
-			multi_ack = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		flushes--;
-	}
-	/* it is no error to fetch into a completely empty repo */
-	return count ? retval : 0;
-}
-
-static struct commit_list *complete;
-
-static int mark_complete(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
-{
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
-
-	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		struct tag *t = (struct tag *) o;
-		if (!t->tagged)
-			break; /* broken repository */
-		o->flags |= COMPLETE;
-		o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
-	}
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMPLETE)) {
-			commit->object.flags |= COMPLETE;
-			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void mark_recent_complete_commits(unsigned long cutoff)
-{
-	while (complete && cutoff <= complete->item->date) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Marking %s as complete\n",
-				sha1_to_hex(complete->item->object.sha1));
-		pop_most_recent_commit(&complete, COMPLETE);
-	}
-}
-
-static void filter_refs(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
-{
-	struct ref **return_refs;
-	struct ref *newlist = NULL;
-	struct ref **newtail = &newlist;
-	struct ref *ref, *next;
-	struct ref *fastarray[32];
-
-	if (nr_match && !args.fetch_all) {
-		if (ARRAY_SIZE(fastarray) < nr_match)
-			return_refs = xcalloc(nr_match, sizeof(struct ref *));
-		else {
-			return_refs = fastarray;
-			memset(return_refs, 0, sizeof(struct ref *) * nr_match);
-		}
-	}
-	else
-		return_refs = NULL;
-
-	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = next) {
-		next = ref->next;
-		if (!memcmp(ref->name, "refs/", 5) &&
-		    check_refname_format(ref->name + 5, 0))
-			; /* trash */
-		else if (args.fetch_all &&
-			 (!args.depth || prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/") )) {
-			*newtail = ref;
-			ref->next = NULL;
-			newtail = &ref->next;
-			continue;
-		}
-		else {
-			int order = path_match(ref->name, nr_match, match);
-			if (order) {
-				return_refs[order-1] = ref;
-				continue; /* we will link it later */
-			}
-		}
-		free(ref);
-	}
-
-	if (!args.fetch_all) {
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_match; i++) {
-			ref = return_refs[i];
-			if (ref) {
-				*newtail = ref;
-				ref->next = NULL;
-				newtail = &ref->next;
-			}
-		}
-		if (return_refs != fastarray)
-			free(return_refs);
-	}
-	*refs = newlist;
-}
-
-static int everything_local(struct ref **refs, int nr_match, char **match)
-{
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int retval;
-	unsigned long cutoff = 0;
-
-	save_commit_buffer = 0;
-
-	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		struct object *o;
-
-		o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
-		if (!o)
-			continue;
-
-		/* We already have it -- which may mean that we were
-		 * in sync with the other side at some time after
-		 * that (it is OK if we guess wrong here).
-		 */
-		if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-			struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
-			if (!cutoff || cutoff < commit->date)
-				cutoff = commit->date;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (!args.depth) {
-		for_each_ref(mark_complete, NULL);
-		if (cutoff)
-			mark_recent_complete_commits(cutoff);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Mark all complete remote refs as common refs.
-	 * Don't mark them common yet; the server has to be told so first.
-	 */
-	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		struct object *o = deref_tag(lookup_object(ref->old_sha1),
-					     NULL, 0);
-
-		if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT || !(o->flags & COMPLETE))
-			continue;
-
-		if (!(o->flags & SEEN)) {
-			rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, COMMON_REF | SEEN);
-
-			mark_common((struct commit *)o, 1, 1);
-		}
-	}
-
-	filter_refs(refs, nr_match, match);
-
-	for (retval = 1, ref = *refs; ref ; ref = ref->next) {
-		const unsigned char *remote = ref->old_sha1;
-		unsigned char local[20];
-		struct object *o;
-
-		o = lookup_object(remote);
-		if (!o || !(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
-			retval = 0;
-			if (!args.verbose)
-				continue;
-			fprintf(stderr,
-				"want %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
-				ref->name);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, local);
-		if (!args.verbose)
-			continue;
-		fprintf(stderr,
-			"already have %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
-			ref->name);
-	}
-	return retval;
-}
-
-static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
-{
-	int *xd = data;
-
-	int ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], out);
-	close(out);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-static int get_pack(int xd[2], char **pack_lockfile)
-{
-	struct async demux;
-	const char *argv[20];
-	char keep_arg[256];
-	char hdr_arg[256];
-	const char **av;
-	int do_keep = args.keep_pack;
-	struct child_process cmd;
-
-	memset(&demux, 0, sizeof(demux));
-	if (use_sideband) {
-		/* xd[] is talking with upload-pack; subprocess reads from
-		 * xd[0], spits out band#2 to stderr, and feeds us band#1
-		 * through demux->out.
-		 */
-		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
-		demux.data = xd;
-		demux.out = -1;
-		if (start_async(&demux))
-			die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband"
-			    " demultiplexer");
-	}
-	else
-		demux.out = xd[0];
-
-	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
-	cmd.argv = argv;
-	av = argv;
-	*hdr_arg = 0;
-	if (!args.keep_pack && unpack_limit) {
-		struct pack_header header;
-
-		if (read_pack_header(demux.out, &header))
-			die("protocol error: bad pack header");
-		snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
-			 "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
-			 ntohl(header.hdr_version), ntohl(header.hdr_entries));
-		if (ntohl(header.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit)
-			do_keep = 0;
-		else
-			do_keep = 1;
-	}
-
-	if (do_keep) {
-		if (pack_lockfile)
-			cmd.out = -1;
-		*av++ = "index-pack";
-		*av++ = "--stdin";
-		if (!args.quiet && !args.no_progress)
-			*av++ = "-v";
-		if (args.use_thin_pack)
-			*av++ = "--fix-thin";
-		if (args.lock_pack || unpack_limit) {
-			int s = sprintf(keep_arg,
-					"--keep=fetch-pack %"PRIuMAX " on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
-			if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
-				strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
-			*av++ = keep_arg;
-		}
-	}
-	else {
-		*av++ = "unpack-objects";
-		if (args.quiet)
-			*av++ = "-q";
-	}
-	if (*hdr_arg)
-		*av++ = hdr_arg;
-	if (fetch_fsck_objects >= 0
-	    ? fetch_fsck_objects
-	    : transfer_fsck_objects >= 0
-	    ? transfer_fsck_objects
-	    : 0)
-		*av++ = "--strict";
-	*av++ = NULL;
-
-	cmd.in = demux.out;
-	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&cmd))
-		die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s", argv[0]);
-	if (do_keep && pack_lockfile) {
-		*pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(cmd.out);
-		close(cmd.out);
-	}
-
-	if (finish_command(&cmd))
-		die("%s failed", argv[0]);
-	if (use_sideband && finish_async(&demux))
-		die("error in sideband demultiplexer");
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(int fd[2],
-		const struct ref *orig_ref,
-		int nr_match,
-		char **match,
-		char **pack_lockfile)
-{
-	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
-		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
-	if (server_supports("multi_ack_detailed")) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack_detailed\n");
-		multi_ack = 2;
-		if (server_supports("no-done")) {
-			if (args.verbose)
-				fprintf(stderr, "Server supports no-done\n");
-			if (args.stateless_rpc)
-				no_done = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	else if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack\n");
-		multi_ack = 1;
-	}
-	if (server_supports("side-band-64k")) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band-64k\n");
-		use_sideband = 2;
-	}
-	else if (server_supports("side-band")) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
-		use_sideband = 1;
-	}
-	if (server_supports("ofs-delta")) {
-		if (args.verbose)
-			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports ofs-delta\n");
-	} else
-		prefer_ofs_delta = 0;
-	if (everything_local(&ref, nr_match, match)) {
-		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-		goto all_done;
-	}
-	if (find_common(fd, sha1, ref) < 0)
-		if (!args.keep_pack)
-			/* When cloning, it is not unusual to have
-			 * no common commit.
-			 */
-			warning("no common commits");
-
-	if (args.stateless_rpc)
-		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-	if (get_pack(fd, pack_lockfile))
-		die("git fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
-
- all_done:
-	return ref;
-}
-
-static int remove_duplicates(int nr_heads, char **heads)
-{
-	int src, dst;
-
-	for (src = dst = 0; src < nr_heads; src++) {
-		/* If heads[src] is different from any of
-		 * heads[0..dst], push it in.
-		 */
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < dst; i++) {
-			if (!strcmp(heads[i], heads[src]))
-				break;
-		}
-		if (i < dst)
-			continue;
-		if (src != dst)
-			heads[dst] = heads[src];
-		dst++;
-	}
-	return dst;
-}
-
-static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
-{
-	if (strcmp(var, "fetch.unpacklimit") == 0) {
-		fetch_unpack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (strcmp(var, "transfer.unpacklimit") == 0) {
-		transfer_unpack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
-		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.fsckobjects")) {
-		fetch_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "transfer.fsckobjects")) {
-		transfer_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
-}
-
-static struct lock_file lock;
-
-static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
-{
-	static int did_setup;
-	if (did_setup)
-		return;
-	git_config(fetch_pack_config, NULL);
-	if (0 <= transfer_unpack_limit)
-		unpack_limit = transfer_unpack_limit;
-	else if (0 <= fetch_unpack_limit)
-		unpack_limit = fetch_unpack_limit;
-	did_setup = 1;
-}
+"git fetch-pack [--all] [--stdin] [--quiet|-q] [--keep|-k] [--thin] "
+"[--include-tag] [--upload-pack=<git-upload-pack>] [--depth=<n>] "
+"[--no-progress] [-v] [<host>:]<directory> [<refs>...]";
 
 int cmd_fetch_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i, ret, nr_heads;
+	int i, ret;
 	struct ref *ref = NULL;
-	char *dest = NULL, **heads;
+	const char *dest = NULL;
+	struct string_list sought = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	int fd[2];
 	char *pack_lockfile = NULL;
 	char **pack_lockfile_ptr = NULL;
 	struct child_process *conn;
+	struct fetch_pack_args args;
 
 	packet_trace_identity("fetch-pack");
 
-	nr_heads = 0;
-	heads = NULL;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+	memset(&args, 0, sizeof(args));
+	args.uploadpack = "git-upload-pack";
+
+	for (i = 1; i < argc && *argv[i] == '-'; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
-		if (*arg == '-') {
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
-				args.uploadpack = arg + 14;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
-				args.uploadpack = arg + 7;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--quiet", arg) || !strcmp("-q", arg)) {
-				args.quiet = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--keep", arg) || !strcmp("-k", arg)) {
-				args.lock_pack = args.keep_pack;
-				args.keep_pack = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--thin", arg)) {
-				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
-				args.include_tag = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--all", arg)) {
-				args.fetch_all = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("-v", arg)) {
-				args.verbose = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
-				args.depth = strtol(arg + 8, NULL, 0);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--no-progress", arg)) {
-				args.no_progress = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--stateless-rpc", arg)) {
-				args.stateless_rpc = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (!strcmp("--lock-pack", arg)) {
-				args.lock_pack = 1;
-				pack_lockfile_ptr = &pack_lockfile;
-				continue;
-			}
-			usage(fetch_pack_usage);
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--upload-pack=")) {
+			args.uploadpack = arg + 14;
+			continue;
 		}
-		dest = (char *)arg;
-		heads = (char **)(argv + i + 1);
-		nr_heads = argc - i - 1;
-		break;
-	}
-	if (!dest)
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--exec=")) {
+			args.uploadpack = arg + 7;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--quiet", arg) || !strcmp("-q", arg)) {
+			args.quiet = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--keep", arg) || !strcmp("-k", arg)) {
+			args.lock_pack = args.keep_pack;
+			args.keep_pack = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--thin", arg)) {
+			args.use_thin_pack = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
+			args.include_tag = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--all", arg)) {
+			args.fetch_all = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--stdin", arg)) {
+			args.stdin_refs = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("-v", arg)) {
+			args.verbose = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
+			args.depth = strtol(arg + 8, NULL, 0);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--no-progress", arg)) {
+			args.no_progress = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--stateless-rpc", arg)) {
+			args.stateless_rpc = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!strcmp("--lock-pack", arg)) {
+			args.lock_pack = 1;
+			pack_lockfile_ptr = &pack_lockfile;
+			continue;
+		}
 		usage(fetch_pack_usage);
+	}
+
+	if (i < argc)
+		dest = argv[i++];
+	else
+		usage(fetch_pack_usage);
+
+	/*
+	 * Copy refs from cmdline to growable list, then append any
+	 * refs from the standard input:
+	 */
+	for (; i < argc; i++)
+		string_list_append(&sought, xstrdup(argv[i]));
+	if (args.stdin_refs) {
+		if (args.stateless_rpc) {
+			/* in stateless RPC mode we use pkt-line to read
+			 * from stdin, until we get a flush packet
+			 */
+			static char line[1000];
+			for (;;) {
+				int n = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
+				if (!n)
+					break;
+				if (line[n-1] == '\n')
+					n--;
+				string_list_append(&sought, xmemdupz(line, n));
+			}
+		}
+		else {
+			/* read from stdin one ref per line, until EOF */
+			struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+			while (strbuf_getline(&line, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
+				string_list_append(&sought, strbuf_detach(&line, NULL));
+			strbuf_release(&line);
+		}
+	}
 
 	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
 		conn = NULL;
 		fd[0] = 0;
 		fd[1] = 1;
 	} else {
-		conn = git_connect(fd, (char *)dest, args.uploadpack,
+		conn = git_connect(fd, dest, args.uploadpack,
 				   args.verbose ? CONNECT_VERBOSE : 0);
 	}
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &ref, 0, NULL);
 
 	ref = fetch_pack(&args, fd, conn, ref, dest,
-		nr_heads, heads, pack_lockfile_ptr);
+			 &sought, pack_lockfile_ptr);
 	if (pack_lockfile) {
 		printf("lock %s\n", pack_lockfile);
 		fflush(stdout);
@@ -987,21 +139,18 @@
 	close(fd[0]);
 	close(fd[1]);
 	if (finish_connect(conn))
-		ref = NULL;
-	ret = !ref;
+		return 1;
 
-	if (!ret && nr_heads) {
-		/* If the heads to pull were given, we should have
-		 * consumed all of them by matching the remote.
-		 * Otherwise, 'git fetch remote no-such-ref' would
-		 * silently succeed without issuing an error.
-		 */
-		for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
-			if (heads[i] && heads[i][0]) {
-				error("no such remote ref %s", heads[i]);
-				ret = 1;
-			}
-	}
+	ret = !ref || sought.nr;
+
+	/*
+	 * If the heads to pull were given, we should have consumed
+	 * all of them by matching the remote.  Otherwise, 'git fetch
+	 * remote no-such-ref' would silently succeed without issuing
+	 * an error.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < sought.nr; i++)
+		error("no such remote ref %s", sought.items[i].string);
 	while (ref) {
 		printf("%s %s\n",
 		       sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1), ref->name);
@@ -1010,64 +159,3 @@
 
 	return ret;
 }
-
-struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *my_args,
-		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
-		       const struct ref *ref,
-		const char *dest,
-		int nr_heads,
-		char **heads,
-		char **pack_lockfile)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	struct ref *ref_cpy;
-
-	fetch_pack_setup();
-	if (&args != my_args)
-		memcpy(&args, my_args, sizeof(args));
-	if (args.depth > 0) {
-		if (stat(git_path("shallow"), &st))
-			st.st_mtime = 0;
-	}
-
-	if (heads && nr_heads)
-		nr_heads = remove_duplicates(nr_heads, heads);
-	if (!ref) {
-		packet_flush(fd[1]);
-		die("no matching remote head");
-	}
-	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(fd, ref, nr_heads, heads, pack_lockfile);
-
-	if (args.depth > 0) {
-		struct cache_time mtime;
-		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-		char *shallow = git_path("shallow");
-		int fd;
-
-		mtime.sec = st.st_mtime;
-		mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
-		if (stat(shallow, &st)) {
-			if (mtime.sec)
-				die("shallow file was removed during fetch");
-		} else if (st.st_mtime != mtime.sec
-#ifdef USE_NSEC
-				|| ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) != mtime.nsec
-#endif
-			  )
-			die("shallow file was changed during fetch");
-
-		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, shallow,
-					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-		if (!write_shallow_commits(&sb, 0)
-		 || write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len) {
-			unlink_or_warn(shallow);
-			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
-		} else {
-			commit_lock_file(&lock);
-		}
-		strbuf_release(&sb);
-	}
-
-	reprepare_packed_git();
-	return ref_cpy;
-}
diff --git a/builtin/fetch.c b/builtin/fetch.c
index 1adf6c1..4b6b1df 100644
--- a/builtin/fetch.c
+++ b/builtin/fetch.c
@@ -14,12 +14,13 @@
 #include "transport.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "connected.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_fetch_usage[] = {
-	"git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]",
-	"git fetch [<options>] <group>",
-	"git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]",
-	"git fetch --all [<options>]",
+	N_("git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
+	N_("git fetch [<options>] <group>"),
+	N_("git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"),
+	N_("git fetch --all [<options>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -30,8 +31,8 @@
 };
 
 static int all, append, dry_run, force, keep, multiple, prune, update_head_ok, verbosity;
-static int progress, recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
-static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT;
+static int progress = -1, recurse_submodules = RECURSE_SUBMODULES_DEFAULT;
+static int tags = TAGS_DEFAULT, unshallow;
 static const char *depth;
 static const char *upload_pack;
 static struct strbuf default_rla = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -56,36 +57,39 @@
 static struct option builtin_fetch_options[] = {
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all", &all,
-		    "fetch from all remotes"),
+		    N_("fetch from all remotes")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "append", &append,
-		    "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, "path",
-		   "path to upload pack on remote end"),
-	OPT__FORCE(&force, "force overwrite of local branch"),
+		    N_("append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "upload-pack", &upload_pack, N_("path"),
+		   N_("path to upload pack on remote end")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force overwrite of local branch")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "multiple", &multiple,
-		    "fetch from multiple remotes"),
+		    N_("fetch from multiple remotes")),
 	OPT_SET_INT('t', "tags", &tags,
-		    "fetch all tags and associated objects", TAGS_SET),
+		    N_("fetch all tags and associated objects"), TAGS_SET),
 	OPT_SET_INT('n', NULL, &tags,
-		    "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)", TAGS_UNSET),
+		    N_("do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"), TAGS_UNSET),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
-		    "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"),
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL, "on-demand",
-		    "control recursive fetching of submodules",
+		    N_("prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", NULL, N_("on-demand"),
+		    N_("control recursive fetching of submodules"),
 		    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "dry-run", &dry_run,
-		    "dry run"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "keep", &keep, "keep downloaded pack"),
+		    N_("dry run")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "keep", &keep, N_("keep downloaded pack")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "update-head-ok", &update_head_ok,
-		    "allow updating of HEAD ref"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "progress", &progress, "force progress reporting"),
-	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, "depth",
-		   "deepen history of shallow clone"),
-	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "submodule-prefix", &submodule_prefix, "dir",
-		   "prepend this to submodule path output", PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+		    N_("allow updating of HEAD ref")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
+	OPT_STRING(0, "depth", &depth, N_("depth"),
+		   N_("deepen history of shallow clone")),
+	{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "unshallow", &unshallow, NULL,
+		   N_("convert to a complete repository"),
+		   PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, 1 },
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "submodule-prefix", &submodule_prefix, N_("dir"),
+		   N_("prepend this to submodule path output"), PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "recurse-submodules-default",
 		   &recurse_submodules_default, NULL,
-		   "default mode for recursion", PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
+		   N_("default mode for recursion"), PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -240,23 +244,23 @@
 
 static int update_local_ref(struct ref *ref,
 			    const char *remote,
-			    char *display)
+			    const struct ref *remote_ref,
+			    struct strbuf *display)
 {
 	struct commit *current = NULL, *updated;
 	enum object_type type;
 	struct branch *current_branch = branch_get(NULL);
 	const char *pretty_ref = prettify_refname(ref->name);
 
-	*display = 0;
 	type = sha1_object_info(ref->new_sha1, NULL);
 	if (type < 0)
 		die(_("object %s not found"), sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1));
 
 	if (!hashcmp(ref->old_sha1, ref->new_sha1)) {
 		if (verbosity > 0)
-			sprintf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s", TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH,
-				_("[up to date]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-				pretty_ref);
+			strbuf_addf(display, "= %-*s %-*s -> %s",
+				    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[up to date]")),
+				    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -268,9 +272,10 @@
 		 * If this is the head, and it's not okay to update
 		 * the head, and the old value of the head isn't empty...
 		 */
-		sprintf(display, _("! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"),
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[rejected]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref);
+		strbuf_addf(display,
+			    _("! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"),
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[rejected]")),
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -278,9 +283,11 @@
 	    !prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/")) {
 		int r;
 		r = s_update_ref("updating tag", ref, 0);
-		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '-',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[tag update]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
+			    r ? '!' : '-',
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[tag update]")),
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	}
 
@@ -290,26 +297,36 @@
 		const char *msg;
 		const char *what;
 		int r;
-		if (!strncmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/", 10)) {
+		/*
+		 * Nicely describe the new ref we're fetching.
+		 * Base this on the remote's ref name, as it's
+		 * more likely to follow a standard layout.
+		 */
+		const char *name = remote_ref ? remote_ref->name : "";
+		if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/tags/")) {
 			msg = "storing tag";
 			what = _("[new tag]");
-		}
-		else {
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
 			msg = "storing head";
 			what = _("[new branch]");
-			if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
-			    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
-				check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
+		} else {
+			msg = "storing ref";
+			what = _("[new ref]");
 		}
 
+		if ((recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) &&
+		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
+			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		r = s_update_ref(msg, ref, 0);
-		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : '*',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, what, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
-			r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
+			    r ? '!' : '*',
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(what),
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	}
 
-	if (in_merge_bases(current, &updated, 1)) {
+	if (in_merge_bases(current, updated)) {
 		char quickref[83];
 		int r;
 		strcpy(quickref, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
@@ -319,9 +336,11 @@
 		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
 			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		r = s_update_ref("fast-forward", ref, 1);
-		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s", r ? '!' : ' ',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
+		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s%s",
+			    r ? '!' : ' ',
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref,
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			    r ? _("  (unable to update local ref)") : "");
 		return r;
 	} else if (force || ref->force) {
 		char quickref[84];
@@ -333,15 +352,17 @@
 		    (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON))
 			check_for_new_submodule_commits(ref->new_sha1);
 		r = s_update_ref("forced-update", ref, 1);
-		sprintf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s  (%s)", r ? '!' : '+',
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref, REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref,
-			r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"));
+		strbuf_addf(display, "%c %-*s %-*s -> %s  (%s)",
+			    r ? '!' : '+',
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, quickref,
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			    r ? _("unable to update local ref") : _("forced update"));
 		return r;
 	} else {
-		sprintf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  %s",
-			TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[rejected]"), REFCOL_WIDTH, remote,
-			pretty_ref, _("(non-fast-forward)"));
+		strbuf_addf(display, "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  %s",
+			    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[rejected]")),
+			    REFCOL_WIDTH, remote, pretty_ref,
+			    _("(non-fast-forward)"));
 		return 1;
 	}
 }
@@ -363,11 +384,12 @@
 {
 	FILE *fp;
 	struct commit *commit;
-	int url_len, i, note_len, shown_url = 0, rc = 0;
-	char note[1024];
+	int url_len, i, shown_url = 0, rc = 0;
+	struct strbuf note = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *what, *kind;
 	struct ref *rm;
 	char *url, *filename = dry_run ? "/dev/null" : git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+	int want_merge;
 
 	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
@@ -384,84 +406,95 @@
 		goto abort;
 	}
 
-	for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
-		struct ref *ref = NULL;
+	/*
+	 * The first pass writes objects to be merged and then the
+	 * second pass writes the rest, in order to allow using
+	 * FETCH_HEAD as a refname to refer to the ref to be merged.
+	 */
+	for (want_merge = 1; 0 <= want_merge; want_merge--) {
+		for (rm = ref_map; rm; rm = rm->next) {
+			struct ref *ref = NULL;
 
-		if (rm->peer_ref) {
-			ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + strlen(rm->peer_ref->name) + 1);
-			strcpy(ref->name, rm->peer_ref->name);
-			hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
-			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, rm->old_sha1);
-			ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
-		}
+			commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rm->old_sha1, 1);
+			if (!commit)
+				rm->merge = 0;
 
-		commit = lookup_commit_reference_gently(rm->old_sha1, 1);
-		if (!commit)
-			rm->merge = 0;
+			if (rm->merge != want_merge)
+				continue;
 
-		if (!strcmp(rm->name, "HEAD")) {
-			kind = "";
-			what = "";
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/heads/")) {
-			kind = "branch";
-			what = rm->name + 11;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/tags/")) {
-			kind = "tag";
-			what = rm->name + 10;
-		}
-		else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/remotes/")) {
-			kind = "remote-tracking branch";
-			what = rm->name + 13;
-		}
-		else {
-			kind = "";
-			what = rm->name;
-		}
-
-		url_len = strlen(url);
-		for (i = url_len - 1; url[i] == '/' && 0 <= i; i--)
-			;
-		url_len = i + 1;
-		if (4 < i && !strncmp(".git", url + i - 3, 4))
-			url_len = i - 3;
-
-		note_len = 0;
-		if (*what) {
-			if (*kind)
-				note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "%s ",
-						    kind);
-			note_len += sprintf(note + note_len, "'%s' of ", what);
-		}
-		note[note_len] = '\0';
-		fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s",
-			sha1_to_hex(commit ? commit->object.sha1 :
-				    rm->old_sha1),
-			rm->merge ? "" : "not-for-merge",
-			note);
-		for (i = 0; i < url_len; ++i)
-			if ('\n' == url[i])
-				fputs("\\n", fp);
-			else
-				fputc(url[i], fp);
-		fputc('\n', fp);
-
-		if (ref) {
-			rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, note);
-			free(ref);
-		} else
-			sprintf(note, "* %-*s %-*s -> FETCH_HEAD",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, *kind ? kind : "branch",
-				 REFCOL_WIDTH, *what ? what : "HEAD");
-		if (*note) {
-			if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
-				fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"),
-						url_len, url);
-				shown_url = 1;
+			if (rm->peer_ref) {
+				ref = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*ref) + strlen(rm->peer_ref->name) + 1);
+				strcpy(ref->name, rm->peer_ref->name);
+				hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, rm->peer_ref->old_sha1);
+				hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, rm->old_sha1);
+				ref->force = rm->peer_ref->force;
 			}
-			if (verbosity >= 0)
-				fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", note);
+
+
+			if (!strcmp(rm->name, "HEAD")) {
+				kind = "";
+				what = "";
+			}
+			else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/heads/")) {
+				kind = "branch";
+				what = rm->name + 11;
+			}
+			else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/tags/")) {
+				kind = "tag";
+				what = rm->name + 10;
+			}
+			else if (!prefixcmp(rm->name, "refs/remotes/")) {
+				kind = "remote-tracking branch";
+				what = rm->name + 13;
+			}
+			else {
+				kind = "";
+				what = rm->name;
+			}
+
+			url_len = strlen(url);
+			for (i = url_len - 1; url[i] == '/' && 0 <= i; i--)
+				;
+			url_len = i + 1;
+			if (4 < i && !strncmp(".git", url + i - 3, 4))
+				url_len = i - 3;
+
+			strbuf_reset(&note);
+			if (*what) {
+				if (*kind)
+					strbuf_addf(&note, "%s ", kind);
+				strbuf_addf(&note, "'%s' of ", what);
+			}
+			fprintf(fp, "%s\t%s\t%s",
+				sha1_to_hex(rm->old_sha1),
+				rm->merge ? "" : "not-for-merge",
+				note.buf);
+			for (i = 0; i < url_len; ++i)
+				if ('\n' == url[i])
+					fputs("\\n", fp);
+				else
+					fputc(url[i], fp);
+			fputc('\n', fp);
+
+			strbuf_reset(&note);
+			if (ref) {
+				rc |= update_local_ref(ref, what, rm, &note);
+				free(ref);
+			} else
+				strbuf_addf(&note, "* %-*s %-*s -> FETCH_HEAD",
+					    TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH,
+					    *kind ? kind : "branch",
+					    REFCOL_WIDTH,
+					    *what ? what : "HEAD");
+			if (note.len) {
+				if (verbosity >= 0 && !shown_url) {
+					fprintf(stderr, _("From %.*s\n"),
+							url_len, url);
+					shown_url = 1;
+				}
+				if (verbosity >= 0)
+					fprintf(stderr, " %s\n", note.buf);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -471,6 +504,7 @@
 		      "branches"), remote_name);
 
  abort:
+	strbuf_release(&note);
 	free(url);
 	fclose(fp);
 	return rc;
@@ -510,20 +544,20 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int prune_refs(struct transport *transport, struct ref *ref_map)
+static int prune_refs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *ref_map)
 {
 	int result = 0;
-	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(transport->remote, ref_map);
+	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = get_stale_heads(refs, ref_count, ref_map);
 	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
-		? _("   (%s will become dangling)\n")
-		: _("   (%s has become dangling)\n");
+		? _("   (%s will become dangling)")
+		: _("   (%s has become dangling)");
 
 	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (!dry_run)
 			result |= delete_ref(ref->name, NULL, 0);
 		if (verbosity >= 0) {
 			fprintf(stderr, " x %-*s %-*s -> %s\n",
-				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH, _("[deleted]"),
+				TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(_("[deleted]")),
 				REFCOL_WIDTH, _("(none)"), prettify_refname(ref->name));
 			warn_dangling_symref(stderr, dangling_msg, ref->name);
 		}
@@ -563,7 +597,7 @@
 
 	for_each_ref(add_existing, &existing_refs);
 	for (ref = transport_get_remote_refs(transport); ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags"))
+		if (prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
 			continue;
 
 		/*
@@ -704,8 +738,31 @@
 		free_refs(ref_map);
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (prune)
-		prune_refs(transport, ref_map);
+	if (prune) {
+		/* If --tags was specified, pretend the user gave us the canonical tags refspec */
+		if (tags == TAGS_SET) {
+			const char *tags_str = "refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*";
+			struct refspec *tags_refspec, *refspec;
+
+			/* Copy the refspec and add the tags to it */
+			refspec = xcalloc(ref_count + 1, sizeof(struct refspec));
+			tags_refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(1, &tags_str);
+			memcpy(refspec, refs, ref_count * sizeof(struct refspec));
+			memcpy(&refspec[ref_count], tags_refspec, sizeof(struct refspec));
+			ref_count++;
+
+			prune_refs(refspec, ref_count, ref_map);
+
+			ref_count--;
+			/* The rest of the strings belong to fetch_one */
+			free_refspec(1, tags_refspec);
+			free(refspec);
+		} else if (ref_count) {
+			prune_refs(refs, ref_count, ref_map);
+		} else {
+			prune_refs(transport->remote->fetch, transport->remote->fetch_refspec_nr, ref_map);
+		}
+	}
 	free_refs(ref_map);
 
 	/* if neither --no-tags nor --tags was specified, do automated tag
@@ -787,38 +844,39 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void add_options_to_argv(int *argc, const char **argv)
+static void add_options_to_argv(struct argv_array *argv)
 {
 	if (dry_run)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--dry-run";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--dry-run");
 	if (prune)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--prune";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--prune");
 	if (update_head_ok)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--update-head-ok";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--update-head-ok");
 	if (force)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--force";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--force");
 	if (keep)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--keep";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--keep");
 	if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--recurse-submodules";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--recurse-submodules");
 	else if (recurse_submodules == RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "--recurse-submodules=on-demand";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--recurse-submodules=on-demand");
+	if (tags == TAGS_SET)
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--tags");
+	else if (tags == TAGS_UNSET)
+		argv_array_push(argv, "--no-tags");
 	if (verbosity >= 2)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "-v";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "-v");
 	if (verbosity >= 1)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "-v";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "-v");
 	else if (verbosity < 0)
-		argv[(*argc)++] = "-q";
+		argv_array_push(argv, "-q");
 
 }
 
 static int fetch_multiple(struct string_list *list)
 {
 	int i, result = 0;
-	const char *argv[12] = { "fetch", "--append" };
-	int argc = 2;
-
-	add_options_to_argv(&argc, argv);
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	if (!append && !dry_run) {
 		int errcode = truncate_fetch_head();
@@ -826,18 +884,22 @@
 			return errcode;
 	}
 
+	argv_array_pushl(&argv, "fetch", "--append", NULL);
+	add_options_to_argv(&argv);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++) {
 		const char *name = list->items[i].string;
-		argv[argc] = name;
-		argv[argc + 1] = NULL;
+		argv_array_push(&argv, name);
 		if (verbosity >= 0)
 			printf(_("Fetching %s\n"), name);
-		if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
+		if (run_command_v_opt(argv.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD)) {
 			error(_("Could not fetch %s"), name);
 			result = 1;
 		}
+		argv_array_pop(&argv);
 	}
 
+	argv_array_clear(&argv);
 	return result;
 }
 
@@ -888,7 +950,7 @@
 	atexit(unlock_pack);
 	refspec = parse_fetch_refspec(ref_nr, refs);
 	exit_code = do_fetch(transport, refspec, ref_nr);
-	free(refspec);
+	free_refspec(ref_nr, refspec);
 	transport_disconnect(transport);
 	transport = NULL;
 	return exit_code;
@@ -900,6 +962,9 @@
 	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct remote *remote;
 	int result = 0;
+	static const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
+		"gc", "--auto", NULL,
+	};
 
 	packet_trace_identity("fetch");
 
@@ -911,6 +976,18 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_fetch_options, builtin_fetch_usage, 0);
 
+	if (unshallow) {
+		if (depth)
+			die(_("--depth and --unshallow cannot be used together"));
+		else if (!is_repository_shallow())
+			die(_("--unshallow on a complete repository does not make sense"));
+		else {
+			static char inf_depth[12];
+			sprintf(inf_depth, "%d", INFINITE_DEPTH);
+			depth = inf_depth;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF) {
 		if (recurse_submodules_default) {
 			int arg = parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg("--recurse-submodules-default", recurse_submodules_default);
@@ -953,18 +1030,21 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!result && (recurse_submodules != RECURSE_SUBMODULES_OFF)) {
-		const char *options[10];
-		int num_options = 0;
-		add_options_to_argv(&num_options, options);
-		result = fetch_populated_submodules(num_options, options,
+		struct argv_array options = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+
+		add_options_to_argv(&options);
+		result = fetch_populated_submodules(&options,
 						    submodule_prefix,
 						    recurse_submodules,
 						    verbosity < 0);
+		argv_array_clear(&options);
 	}
 
 	/* All names were strdup()ed or strndup()ed */
 	list.strdup_strings = 1;
 	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 
+	run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+
 	return result;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
index 7e2f225..b49612f 100644
--- a/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
+++ b/builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c
@@ -5,32 +5,45 @@
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 static const char * const fmt_merge_msg_usage[] = {
-	"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]",
+	N_("git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int shortlog_len;
+static int use_branch_desc;
 
-static int fmt_merge_msg_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
+int fmt_merge_msg_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(key, "merge.log") || !strcmp(key, "merge.summary")) {
 		int is_bool;
-		shortlog_len = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
-		if (!is_bool && shortlog_len < 0)
+		merge_log_config = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &is_bool);
+		if (!is_bool && merge_log_config < 0)
 			return error("%s: negative length %s", key, value);
-		if (is_bool && shortlog_len)
-			shortlog_len = DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN;
+		if (is_bool && merge_log_config)
+			merge_log_config = DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN;
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "merge.branchdesc")) {
+		use_branch_desc = git_config_bool(key, value);
+	} else {
+		return git_default_config(key, value, cb);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/* merge data per repository where the merged tips came from */
 struct src_data {
 	struct string_list branch, tag, r_branch, generic;
 	int head_status;
 };
 
+struct origin_data {
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned is_local_branch:1;
+};
+
 static void init_src_data(struct src_data *data)
 {
 	data->branch.strdup_strings = 1;
@@ -42,14 +55,56 @@
 static struct string_list srcs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 static struct string_list origins = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 
-static int handle_line(char *line)
+struct merge_parents {
+	int alloc, nr;
+	struct merge_parent {
+		unsigned char given[20];
+		unsigned char commit[20];
+		unsigned char used;
+	} *item;
+};
+
+/*
+ * I know, I know, this is inefficient, but you won't be pulling and merging
+ * hundreds of heads at a time anyway.
+ */
+static struct merge_parent *find_merge_parent(struct merge_parents *table,
+					      unsigned char *given,
+					      unsigned char *commit)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < table->nr; i++) {
+		if (given && hashcmp(table->item[i].given, given))
+			continue;
+		if (commit && hashcmp(table->item[i].commit, commit))
+			continue;
+		return &table->item[i];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void add_merge_parent(struct merge_parents *table,
+			     unsigned char *given,
+			     unsigned char *commit)
+{
+	if (table->nr && find_merge_parent(table, given, commit))
+		return;
+	ALLOC_GROW(table->item, table->nr + 1, table->alloc);
+	hashcpy(table->item[table->nr].given, given);
+	hashcpy(table->item[table->nr].commit, commit);
+	table->item[table->nr].used = 0;
+	table->nr++;
+}
+
+static int handle_line(char *line, struct merge_parents *merge_parents)
 {
 	int i, len = strlen(line);
-	unsigned char *sha1;
+	struct origin_data *origin_data;
 	char *src, *origin;
 	struct src_data *src_data;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	int pulling_head = 0;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	if (len < 43 || line[40] != '\t')
 		return 1;
@@ -60,17 +115,25 @@
 	if (line[41] != '\t')
 		return 2;
 
-	line[40] = 0;
-	sha1 = xmalloc(20);
-	i = get_sha1(line, sha1);
-	line[40] = '\t';
+	i = get_sha1_hex(line, sha1);
 	if (i)
 		return 3;
 
+	if (!find_merge_parent(merge_parents, sha1, NULL))
+		return 0; /* subsumed by other parents */
+
+	origin_data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct origin_data));
+	hashcpy(origin_data->sha1, sha1);
+
 	if (line[len - 1] == '\n')
 		line[len - 1] = 0;
 	line += 42;
 
+	/*
+	 * At this point, line points at the beginning of comment e.g.
+	 * "branch 'frotz' of git://that/repository.git".
+	 * Find the repository name and point it with src.
+	 */
 	src = strstr(line, " of ");
 	if (src) {
 		*src = 0;
@@ -93,6 +156,7 @@
 		origin = src;
 		src_data->head_status |= 1;
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(line, "branch ")) {
+		origin_data->is_local_branch = 1;
 		origin = line + 7;
 		string_list_append(&src_data->branch, origin);
 		src_data->head_status |= 2;
@@ -119,7 +183,9 @@
 		sprintf(new_origin, "%s of %s", origin, src);
 		origin = new_origin;
 	}
-	string_list_append(&origins, origin)->util = sha1;
+	if (strcmp(".", src))
+		origin_data->is_local_branch = 0;
+	string_list_append(&origins, origin)->util = origin_data;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -140,23 +206,144 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static void shortlog(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
-		struct commit *head, struct rev_info *rev, int limit,
-		struct strbuf *out)
+static void add_branch_desc(struct strbuf *out, const char *name)
+{
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!read_branch_desc(&desc, name)) {
+		const char *bp = desc.buf;
+		while (*bp) {
+			const char *ep = strchrnul(bp, '\n');
+			if (*ep)
+				ep++;
+			strbuf_addf(out, "  : %.*s", (int)(ep - bp), bp);
+			bp = ep;
+		}
+		if (out->buf[out->len - 1] != '\n')
+			strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&desc);
+}
+
+#define util_as_integral(elem) ((intptr_t)((elem)->util))
+
+static void record_person(int which, struct string_list *people,
+			  struct commit *commit)
+{
+	char *name_buf, *name, *name_end;
+	struct string_list_item *elem;
+	const char *field;
+
+	field = (which == 'a') ? "\nauthor " : "\ncommitter ";
+	name = strstr(commit->buffer, field);
+	if (!name)
+		return;
+	name += strlen(field);
+	name_end = strchrnul(name, '<');
+	if (*name_end)
+		name_end--;
+	while (isspace(*name_end) && name <= name_end)
+		name_end--;
+	if (name_end < name)
+		return;
+	name_buf = xmemdupz(name, name_end - name + 1);
+
+	elem = string_list_lookup(people, name_buf);
+	if (!elem) {
+		elem = string_list_insert(people, name_buf);
+		elem->util = (void *)0;
+	}
+	elem->util = (void*)(util_as_integral(elem) + 1);
+	free(name_buf);
+}
+
+static int cmp_string_list_util_as_integral(const void *a_, const void *b_)
+{
+	const struct string_list_item *a = a_, *b = b_;
+	return util_as_integral(b) - util_as_integral(a);
+}
+
+static void add_people_count(struct strbuf *out, struct string_list *people)
+{
+	if (people->nr == 1)
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s", people->items[0].string);
+	else if (people->nr == 2)
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s (%d) and %s (%d)",
+			    people->items[0].string,
+			    (int)util_as_integral(&people->items[0]),
+			    people->items[1].string,
+			    (int)util_as_integral(&people->items[1]));
+	else if (people->nr)
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s (%d) and others",
+			    people->items[0].string,
+			    (int)util_as_integral(&people->items[0]));
+}
+
+static void credit_people(struct strbuf *out,
+			  struct string_list *them,
+			  int kind)
+{
+	const char *label;
+	const char *me;
+
+	if (kind == 'a') {
+		label = "\n# By ";
+		me = git_author_info(IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	} else {
+		label = "\n# Via ";
+		me = git_committer_info(IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	}
+
+	if (!them->nr ||
+	    (them->nr == 1 &&
+	     me &&
+	     (me = skip_prefix(me, them->items->string)) != NULL &&
+	     skip_prefix(me, " <")))
+		return;
+	strbuf_addstr(out, label);
+	add_people_count(out, them);
+}
+
+static void add_people_info(struct strbuf *out,
+			    struct string_list *authors,
+			    struct string_list *committers)
+{
+	if (authors->nr)
+		qsort(authors->items,
+		      authors->nr, sizeof(authors->items[0]),
+		      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
+	if (committers->nr)
+		qsort(committers->items,
+		      committers->nr, sizeof(committers->items[0]),
+		      cmp_string_list_util_as_integral);
+
+	credit_people(out, authors, 'a');
+	credit_people(out, committers, 'c');
+}
+
+static void shortlog(const char *name,
+		     struct origin_data *origin_data,
+		     struct commit *head,
+		     struct rev_info *rev,
+		     struct fmt_merge_msg_opts *opts,
+		     struct strbuf *out)
 {
 	int i, count = 0;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct object *branch;
 	struct string_list subjects = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list authors = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct string_list committers = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	int flags = UNINTERESTING | TREESAME | SEEN | SHOWN | ADDED;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const unsigned char *sha1 = origin_data->sha1;
+	int limit = opts->shortlog_len;
 
 	branch = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
 	if (!branch || branch->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 		return;
 
 	setup_revisions(0, NULL, rev, NULL);
-	rev->ignore_merges = 1;
 	add_pending_object(rev, branch, name);
 	add_pending_object(rev, &head->object, "^HEAD");
 	head->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
@@ -165,10 +352,17 @@
 	while ((commit = get_revision(rev)) != NULL) {
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
-		/* ignore merges */
-		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
+		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next) {
+			/* do not list a merge but count committer */
+			if (opts->credit_people)
+				record_person('c', &committers, commit);
 			continue;
-
+		}
+		if (!count && opts->credit_people)
+			/* the 'tip' committer */
+			record_person('c', &committers, commit);
+		if (opts->credit_people)
+			record_person('a', &authors, commit);
 		count++;
 		if (subjects.nr > limit)
 			continue;
@@ -183,11 +377,16 @@
 			string_list_append(&subjects, strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL));
 	}
 
+	if (opts->credit_people)
+		add_people_info(out, &authors, &committers);
 	if (count > limit)
 		strbuf_addf(out, "\n* %s: (%d commits)\n", name, count);
 	else
 		strbuf_addf(out, "\n* %s:\n", name);
 
+	if (origin_data->is_local_branch && use_branch_desc)
+		add_branch_desc(out, name);
+
 	for (i = 0; i < subjects.nr; i++)
 		if (i >= limit)
 			strbuf_addf(out, "  ...\n");
@@ -200,10 +399,12 @@
 	rev->commits = NULL;
 	rev->pending.nr = 0;
 
+	string_list_clear(&authors, 0);
+	string_list_clear(&committers, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&subjects, 0);
 }
 
-static void do_fmt_merge_msg_title(struct strbuf *out,
+static void fmt_merge_msg_title(struct strbuf *out,
 	const char *current_branch) {
 	int i = 0;
 	char *sep = "";
@@ -256,19 +457,155 @@
 		strbuf_addf(out, " into %s\n", current_branch);
 }
 
-static int do_fmt_merge_msg(int merge_title, struct strbuf *in,
-	struct strbuf *out, int shortlog_len) {
+static void fmt_tag_signature(struct strbuf *tagbuf,
+			      struct strbuf *sig,
+			      const char *buf,
+			      unsigned long len)
+{
+	const char *tag_body = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+	if (tag_body) {
+		tag_body += 2;
+		strbuf_add(tagbuf, tag_body, buf + len - tag_body);
+	}
+	strbuf_complete_line(tagbuf);
+	if (sig->len) {
+		strbuf_addch(tagbuf, '\n');
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(tagbuf, sig->buf, sig->len);
+	}
+}
+
+static void fmt_merge_msg_sigs(struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	int i, tag_number = 0, first_tag = 0;
+	struct strbuf tagbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < origins.nr; i++) {
+		unsigned char *sha1 = origins.items[i].util;
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size, len;
+		char *buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+		struct strbuf sig = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		if (!buf || type != OBJ_TAG)
+			goto next;
+		len = parse_signature(buf, size);
+
+		if (size == len)
+			; /* merely annotated */
+		else if (verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, &sig)) {
+			if (!sig.len)
+				strbuf_addstr(&sig, "gpg verification failed.\n");
+		}
+
+		if (!tag_number++) {
+			fmt_tag_signature(&tagbuf, &sig, buf, len);
+			first_tag = i;
+		} else {
+			if (tag_number == 2) {
+				struct strbuf tagline = STRBUF_INIT;
+				strbuf_addf(&tagline, "\n# %s\n",
+					    origins.items[first_tag].string);
+				strbuf_insert(&tagbuf, 0, tagline.buf,
+					      tagline.len);
+				strbuf_release(&tagline);
+			}
+			strbuf_addf(&tagbuf, "\n# %s\n",
+				    origins.items[i].string);
+			fmt_tag_signature(&tagbuf, &sig, buf, len);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sig);
+	next:
+		free(buf);
+	}
+	if (tagbuf.len) {
+		strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+		strbuf_addbuf(out, &tagbuf);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&tagbuf);
+}
+
+static void find_merge_parents(struct merge_parents *result,
+			       struct strbuf *in, unsigned char *head)
+{
+	struct commit_list *parents, *next;
+	struct commit *head_commit;
+	int pos = 0, i, j;
+
+	parents = NULL;
+	while (pos < in->len) {
+		int len;
+		char *p = in->buf + pos;
+		char *newline = strchr(p, '\n');
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct commit *parent;
+		struct object *obj;
+
+		len = newline ? newline - p : strlen(p);
+		pos += len + !!newline;
+
+		if (len < 43 ||
+		    get_sha1_hex(p, sha1) ||
+		    p[40] != '\t' ||
+		    p[41] != '\t')
+			continue; /* skip not-for-merge */
+		/*
+		 * Do not use get_merge_parent() here; we do not have
+		 * "name" here and we do not want to contaminate its
+		 * util field yet.
+		 */
+		obj = parse_object(sha1);
+		parent = (struct commit *)peel_to_type(NULL, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
+		if (!parent)
+			continue;
+		commit_list_insert(parent, &parents);
+		add_merge_parent(result, obj->sha1, parent->object.sha1);
+	}
+	head_commit = lookup_commit(head);
+	if (head_commit)
+		commit_list_insert(head_commit, &parents);
+	parents = reduce_heads(parents);
+
+	while (parents) {
+		for (i = 0; i < result->nr; i++)
+			if (!hashcmp(result->item[i].commit,
+				     parents->item->object.sha1))
+				result->item[i].used = 1;
+		next = parents->next;
+		free(parents);
+		parents = next;
+	}
+
+	for (i = j = 0; i < result->nr; i++) {
+		if (result->item[i].used) {
+			if (i != j)
+				result->item[j] = result->item[i];
+			j++;
+		}
+	}
+	result->nr = j;
+}
+
+int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
+		  struct fmt_merge_msg_opts *opts)
+{
 	int i = 0, pos = 0;
 	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 	const char *current_branch;
+	void *current_branch_to_free;
+	struct merge_parents merge_parents;
+
+	memset(&merge_parents, 0, sizeof(merge_parents));
 
 	/* get current branch */
-	current_branch = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
+	current_branch = current_branch_to_free =
+		resolve_refdup("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
 	if (!current_branch)
 		die("No current branch");
 	if (!prefixcmp(current_branch, "refs/heads/"))
 		current_branch += 11;
 
+	find_merge_parents(&merge_parents, in, head_sha1);
+
 	/* get a line */
 	while (pos < in->len) {
 		int len;
@@ -279,17 +616,17 @@
 		pos += len + !!newline;
 		i++;
 		p[len] = 0;
-		if (handle_line(p))
+		if (handle_line(p, &merge_parents))
 			die ("Error in line %d: %.*s", i, len, p);
 	}
 
-	if (!srcs.nr)
-		return 0;
+	if (opts->add_title && srcs.nr)
+		fmt_merge_msg_title(out, current_branch);
 
-	if (merge_title)
-		do_fmt_merge_msg_title(out, current_branch);
+	if (origins.nr)
+		fmt_merge_msg_sigs(out);
 
-	if (shortlog_len) {
+	if (opts->shortlog_len) {
 		struct commit *head;
 		struct rev_info rev;
 
@@ -299,56 +636,51 @@
 		rev.ignore_merges = 1;
 		rev.limited = 1;
 
-		if (suffixcmp(out->buf, "\n"))
-			strbuf_addch(out, '\n');
+		strbuf_complete_line(out);
 
 		for (i = 0; i < origins.nr; i++)
-			shortlog(origins.items[i].string, origins.items[i].util,
-					head, &rev, shortlog_len, out);
+			shortlog(origins.items[i].string,
+				 origins.items[i].util,
+				 head, &rev, opts, out);
 	}
-	return 0;
-}
 
-int fmt_merge_msg(struct strbuf *in, struct strbuf *out,
-		  int merge_title, int shortlog_len) {
-	return do_fmt_merge_msg(merge_title, in, out, shortlog_len);
+	strbuf_complete_line(out);
+	free(current_branch_to_free);
+	free(merge_parents.item);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_fmt_merge_msg(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *inpath = NULL;
 	const char *message = NULL;
+	int shortlog_len = -1;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, "n",
-		  "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog",
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, N_("n"),
+		  N_("populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN },
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "summary", &shortlog_len, "n",
-		  "alias for --log (deprecated)",
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "summary", &shortlog_len, N_("n"),
+		  N_("alias for --log (deprecated)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL,
 		  DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN },
-		OPT_STRING('m', "message", &message, "text",
-			"use <text> as start of message"),
-		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &inpath, "file to read from"),
+		OPT_STRING('m', "message", &message, N_("text"),
+			N_("use <text> as start of message")),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &inpath, N_("file to read from")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	FILE *in = stdin;
 	struct strbuf input = STRBUF_INIT, output = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
+	struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
 
 	git_config(fmt_merge_msg_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, fmt_merge_msg_usage,
 			     0);
 	if (argc > 0)
 		usage_with_options(fmt_merge_msg_usage, options);
-	if (message && !shortlog_len) {
-		char nl = '\n';
-		write_in_full(STDOUT_FILENO, message, strlen(message));
-		write_in_full(STDOUT_FILENO, &nl, 1);
-		return 0;
-	}
 	if (shortlog_len < 0)
-		die("Negative --log=%d", shortlog_len);
+		shortlog_len = (merge_log_config > 0) ? merge_log_config : 0;
 
 	if (inpath && strcmp(inpath, "-")) {
 		in = fopen(inpath, "r");
@@ -361,10 +693,13 @@
 
 	if (message)
 		strbuf_addstr(&output, message);
-	ret = fmt_merge_msg(&input, &output,
-			    message ? 0 : 1,
-			    shortlog_len);
 
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	opts.add_title = !message;
+	opts.credit_people = 1;
+	opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
+
+	ret = fmt_merge_msg(&input, &output, &opts);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 	write_in_full(STDOUT_FILENO, output.buf, output.len);
diff --git a/builtin/for-each-ref.c b/builtin/for-each-ref.c
index d90e5d2..7f059c3 100644
--- a/builtin/for-each-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/for-each-ref.c
@@ -628,11 +628,8 @@
 
 	if (need_symref && (ref->flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && !ref->symref) {
 		unsigned char unused1[20];
-		const char *symref;
-		symref = resolve_ref(ref->refname, unused1, 1, NULL);
-		if (symref)
-			ref->symref = xstrdup(symref);
-		else
+		ref->symref = resolve_refdup(ref->refname, unused1, 1, NULL);
+		if (!ref->symref)
 			ref->symref = "";
 	}
 
@@ -965,7 +962,9 @@
 	if (!arg) /* should --no-sort void the list ? */
 		return -1;
 
-	*sort_tail = s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
+	s = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*s));
+	s->next = *sort_tail;
+	*sort_tail = s;
 
 	if (*arg == '-') {
 		s->reverse = 1;
@@ -977,7 +976,7 @@
 }
 
 static char const * const for_each_ref_usage[] = {
-	"git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]",
+	N_("git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -992,19 +991,19 @@
 
 	struct option opts[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('s', "shell", &quote_style,
-		        "quote placeholders suitably for shells", QUOTE_SHELL),
+			N_("quote placeholders suitably for shells"), QUOTE_SHELL),
 		OPT_BIT('p', "perl",  &quote_style,
-		        "quote placeholders suitably for perl", QUOTE_PERL),
+			N_("quote placeholders suitably for perl"), QUOTE_PERL),
 		OPT_BIT(0 , "python", &quote_style,
-		        "quote placeholders suitably for python", QUOTE_PYTHON),
+			N_("quote placeholders suitably for python"), QUOTE_PYTHON),
 		OPT_BIT(0 , "tcl",  &quote_style,
-		        "quote placeholders suitably for tcl", QUOTE_TCL),
+			N_("quote placeholders suitably for tcl"), QUOTE_TCL),
 
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, "show only <n> matched refs"),
-		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, "format", "format to use for the output"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, "key",
-		            "field name to sort on", &opt_parse_sort),
+		OPT_INTEGER( 0 , "count", &maxcount, N_("show only <n> matched refs")),
+		OPT_STRING(  0 , "format", &format, N_("format"), N_("format to use for the output")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK(0 , "sort", sort_tail, N_("key"),
+			    N_("field name to sort on"), &opt_parse_sort),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/fsck.c b/builtin/fsck.c
index df1a88b..bb9a2cd 100644
--- a/builtin/fsck.c
+++ b/builtin/fsck.c
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #include "fsck.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
 
 #define REACHABLE 0x0001
 #define SEEN      0x0002
@@ -27,8 +29,11 @@
 static int errors_found;
 static int write_lost_and_found;
 static int verbose;
+static int show_progress = -1;
+static int show_dangling = 1;
 #define ERROR_OBJECT 01
 #define ERROR_REACHABLE 02
+#define ERROR_PACK 04
 
 #ifdef NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT
 #define SORT_DIRENT 0
@@ -137,7 +142,11 @@
 
 static int traverse_reachable(void)
 {
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
+	unsigned int nr = 0;
 	int result = 0;
+	if (show_progress)
+		progress = start_progress_delay("Checking connectivity", 0, 0, 2);
 	while (pending.nr) {
 		struct object_array_entry *entry;
 		struct object *obj;
@@ -145,7 +154,9 @@
 		entry = pending.objects + --pending.nr;
 		obj = entry->item;
 		result |= traverse_one_object(obj);
+		display_progress(progress, ++nr);
 	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 	return !!result;
 }
 
@@ -212,8 +223,9 @@
 	 * start looking at, for example.
 	 */
 	if (!obj->used) {
-		printf("dangling %s %s\n", typename(obj->type),
-		       sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		if (show_dangling)
+			printf("dangling %s %s\n", typename(obj->type),
+			       sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 		if (write_lost_and_found) {
 			char *filename = git_path("lost-found/%s/%s",
 				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT ? "commit" : "other",
@@ -227,13 +239,8 @@
 			if (!(f = fopen(filename, "w")))
 				die_errno("Could not open '%s'", filename);
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-				enum object_type type;
-				unsigned long size;
-				char *buf = read_sha1_file(obj->sha1,
-						&type, &size);
-				if (buf && fwrite(buf, 1, size, f) != size)
+				if (stream_blob_to_fd(fileno(f), obj->sha1, NULL, 1))
 					die_errno("Could not write '%s'", filename);
-				free(buf);
 			} else
 				fprintf(f, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 			if (fclose(f))
@@ -281,14 +288,8 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+static int fsck_obj(struct object *obj)
 {
-	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	if (!obj) {
-		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
-		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing",
-			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-	}
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return 0;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
@@ -331,6 +332,29 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int fsck_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object *obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing",
+			     sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	return fsck_obj(obj);
+}
+
+static int fsck_obj_buffer(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type type,
+			   unsigned long size, void *buffer, int *eaten)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buffer, eaten);
+	if (!obj) {
+		errors_found |= ERROR_OBJECT;
+		return error("%s: object corrupt or missing", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	return fsck_obj(obj);
+}
+
 /*
  * This is the sorting chunk size: make it reasonably
  * big so that we can sort well..
@@ -512,15 +536,20 @@
 static void fsck_object_dir(const char *path)
 {
 	int i;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking object directory\n");
 
+	if (show_progress)
+		progress = start_progress("Checking object directories", 256);
 	for (i = 0; i < 256; i++) {
 		static char dir[4096];
 		sprintf(dir, "%s/%02x", path, i);
 		fsck_dir(i, dir);
+		display_progress(progress, i+1);
 	}
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 	fsck_sha1_list();
 }
 
@@ -532,7 +561,7 @@
 	if (verbose)
 		fprintf(stderr, "Checking HEAD link\n");
 
-	head_points_at = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
+	head_points_at = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (!head_points_at)
 		return error("Invalid HEAD");
 	if (!strcmp(head_points_at, "HEAD"))
@@ -576,21 +605,23 @@
 }
 
 static char const * const fsck_usage[] = {
-	"git fsck [options] [<object>...]",
+	N_("git fsck [options] [<object>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static struct option fsck_opts[] = {
-	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unreachable", &show_unreachable, "show unreachable objects"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &show_tags, "report tags"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, "report root nodes"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cache", &keep_cache_objects, "make index objects head nodes"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reflogs", &include_reflogs, "make reflogs head nodes (default)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full", &check_full, "also consider packs and alternate objects"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "strict", &check_strict, "enable more strict checking"),
+	OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "unreachable", &show_unreachable, N_("show unreachable objects")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "dangling", &show_dangling, N_("show dangling objects")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &show_tags, N_("report tags")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "root", &show_root, N_("report root nodes")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cache", &keep_cache_objects, N_("make index objects head nodes")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reflogs", &include_reflogs, N_("make reflogs head nodes (default)")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full", &check_full, N_("also consider packs and alternate objects")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "strict", &check_strict, N_("enable more strict checking")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "lost-found", &write_lost_and_found,
-				"write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"),
+				N_("write dangling objects in .git/lost-found")),
+	OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("show progress")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -603,6 +634,12 @@
 	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, fsck_opts, fsck_usage, 0);
+
+	if (show_progress == -1)
+		show_progress = isatty(2);
+	if (verbose)
+		show_progress = 0;
+
 	if (write_lost_and_found) {
 		check_full = 1;
 		include_reflogs = 0;
@@ -622,20 +659,28 @@
 
 	if (check_full) {
 		struct packed_git *p;
+		uint32_t total = 0, count = 0;
+		struct progress *progress = NULL;
 
 		prepare_packed_git();
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next)
-			/* verify gives error messages itself */
-			verify_pack(p);
 
-		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
-			uint32_t j, num;
-			if (open_pack_index(p))
-				continue;
-			num = p->num_objects;
-			for (j = 0; j < num; j++)
-				fsck_sha1(nth_packed_object_sha1(p, j));
+		if (show_progress) {
+			for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+				if (open_pack_index(p))
+					continue;
+				total += p->num_objects;
+			}
+
+			progress = start_progress("Checking objects", total);
 		}
+		for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+			/* verify gives error messages itself */
+			if (verify_pack(p, fsck_obj_buffer,
+					progress, count))
+				errors_found |= ERROR_PACK;
+			count += p->num_objects;
+		}
+		stop_progress(&progress);
 	}
 
 	heads = 0;
diff --git a/builtin/gc.c b/builtin/gc.c
index 0498094..6be6c8d 100644
--- a/builtin/gc.c
+++ b/builtin/gc.c
@@ -14,11 +14,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 #define FAILED_RUN "failed to run %s"
 
 static const char * const builtin_gc_usage[] = {
-	"git gc [options]",
+	N_("git gc [options]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -28,12 +29,11 @@
 static int gc_auto_pack_limit = 50;
 static const char *prune_expire = "2.weeks.ago";
 
-#define MAX_ADD 10
-static const char *argv_pack_refs[] = {"pack-refs", "--all", "--prune", NULL};
-static const char *argv_reflog[] = {"reflog", "expire", "--all", NULL};
-static const char *argv_repack[MAX_ADD] = {"repack", "-d", "-l", NULL};
-static const char *argv_prune[] = {"prune", "--expire", NULL, NULL};
-static const char *argv_rerere[] = {"rerere", "gc", NULL};
+static struct argv_array pack_refs_cmd = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array reflog = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array repack = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array prune = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+static struct argv_array rerere = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 static int gc_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
@@ -67,19 +67,6 @@
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static void append_option(const char **cmd, const char *opt, int max_length)
-{
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 0; cmd[i]; i++)
-		;
-
-	if (i + 2 >= max_length)
-		die(_("Too many options specified"));
-	cmd[i++] = opt;
-	cmd[i] = NULL;
-}
-
 static int too_many_loose_objects(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -144,6 +131,17 @@
 	return gc_auto_pack_limit <= cnt;
 }
 
+static void add_repack_all_option(void)
+{
+	if (prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now"))
+		argv_array_push(&repack, "-a");
+	else {
+		argv_array_push(&repack, "-A");
+		if (prune_expire)
+			argv_array_pushf(&repack, "--unpack-unreachable=%s", prune_expire);
+	}
+}
+
 static int need_to_gc(void)
 {
 	/*
@@ -160,10 +158,7 @@
 	 * there is no need.
 	 */
 	if (too_many_packs())
-		append_option(argv_repack,
-			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now") ?
-			      "-a" : "-A",
-			      MAX_ADD);
+		add_repack_all_option();
 	else if (!too_many_loose_objects())
 		return 0;
 
@@ -177,21 +172,26 @@
 	int aggressive = 0;
 	int auto_gc = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
-	char buf[80];
 
 	struct option builtin_gc_options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "suppress progress reporting"),
-		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prune", &prune_expire, "date",
-			"prune unreferenced objects",
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("suppress progress reporting")),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prune", &prune_expire, N_("date"),
+			N_("prune unreferenced objects"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)prune_expire },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "aggressive", &aggressive, "be more thorough (increased runtime)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "auto", &auto_gc, "enable auto-gc mode"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "aggressive", &aggressive, N_("be more thorough (increased runtime)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "auto", &auto_gc, N_("enable auto-gc mode")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
 
+	argv_array_pushl(&pack_refs_cmd, "pack-refs", "--all", "--prune", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&reflog, "reflog", "expire", "--all", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&repack, "repack", "-d", "-l", NULL);
+	argv_array_pushl(&prune, "prune", "--expire", NULL );
+	argv_array_pushl(&rerere, "rerere", "gc", NULL);
+
 	git_config(gc_config, NULL);
 
 	if (pack_refs < 0)
@@ -203,15 +203,13 @@
 		usage_with_options(builtin_gc_usage, builtin_gc_options);
 
 	if (aggressive) {
-		append_option(argv_repack, "-f", MAX_ADD);
-		append_option(argv_repack, "--depth=250", MAX_ADD);
-		if (aggressive_window > 0) {
-			sprintf(buf, "--window=%d", aggressive_window);
-			append_option(argv_repack, buf, MAX_ADD);
-		}
+		argv_array_push(&repack, "-f");
+		argv_array_push(&repack, "--depth=250");
+		if (aggressive_window > 0)
+			argv_array_pushf(&repack, "--window=%d", aggressive_window);
 	}
 	if (quiet)
-		append_option(argv_repack, "-q", MAX_ADD);
+		argv_array_push(&repack, "-q");
 
 	if (auto_gc) {
 		/*
@@ -219,36 +217,33 @@
 		 */
 		if (!need_to_gc())
 			return 0;
-		if (quiet)
-			fprintf(stderr, _("Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"));
-		else
+		if (!quiet)
 			fprintf(stderr,
 					_("Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
 					"run \"git gc\" manually. See "
 					"\"git help gc\" for more information.\n"));
 	} else
-		append_option(argv_repack,
-			      prune_expire && !strcmp(prune_expire, "now")
-			      ? "-a" : "-A",
-			      MAX_ADD);
+		add_repack_all_option();
 
-	if (pack_refs && run_command_v_opt(argv_pack_refs, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_pack_refs[0]);
+	if (pack_refs && run_command_v_opt(pack_refs_cmd.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, pack_refs_cmd.argv[0]);
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_reflog, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_reflog[0]);
+	if (run_command_v_opt(reflog.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, reflog.argv[0]);
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_repack, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_repack[0]);
+	if (run_command_v_opt(repack.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, repack.argv[0]);
 
 	if (prune_expire) {
-		argv_prune[2] = prune_expire;
-		if (run_command_v_opt(argv_prune, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-			return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_prune[0]);
+		argv_array_push(&prune, prune_expire);
+		if (quiet)
+			argv_array_push(&prune, "--no-progress");
+		if (run_command_v_opt(prune.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+			return error(FAILED_RUN, prune.argv[0]);
 	}
 
-	if (run_command_v_opt(argv_rerere, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error(FAILED_RUN, argv_rerere[0]);
+	if (run_command_v_opt(rerere.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
+		return error(FAILED_RUN, rerere.argv[0]);
 
 	if (auto_gc && too_many_loose_objects())
 		warning(_("There are too many unreachable loose objects; "
diff --git a/builtin/grep.c b/builtin/grep.c
index 7d0779f..8025964 100644
--- a/builtin/grep.c
+++ b/builtin/grep.c
@@ -17,10 +17,9 @@
 #include "grep.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "dir.h"
-#include "thread-utils.h"
 
 static char const * const grep_usage[] = {
-	"git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]",
+	N_("git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -30,25 +29,12 @@
 #define THREADS 8
 static pthread_t threads[THREADS];
 
-static void *load_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size,
-		       const char *name);
-static void *load_file(const char *filename, size_t *sz);
-
-enum work_type {WORK_SHA1, WORK_FILE};
-
 /* We use one producer thread and THREADS consumer
  * threads. The producer adds struct work_items to 'todo' and the
  * consumers pick work items from the same array.
  */
 struct work_item {
-	enum work_type type;
-	char *name;
-
-	/* if type == WORK_SHA1, then 'identifier' is a SHA1,
-	 * otherwise type == WORK_FILE, and 'identifier' is a NUL
-	 * terminated filename.
-	 */
-	void *identifier;
+	struct grep_source source;
 	char done;
 	struct strbuf out;
 };
@@ -74,13 +60,17 @@
 /* This lock protects all the variables above. */
 static pthread_mutex_t grep_mutex;
 
-/* Used to serialize calls to read_sha1_file. */
-static pthread_mutex_t read_sha1_mutex;
+static inline void grep_lock(void)
+{
+	if (use_threads)
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_mutex);
+}
 
-#define grep_lock() pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_mutex)
-#define grep_unlock() pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_mutex)
-#define read_sha1_lock() pthread_mutex_lock(&read_sha1_mutex)
-#define read_sha1_unlock() pthread_mutex_unlock(&read_sha1_mutex)
+static inline void grep_unlock(void)
+{
+	if (use_threads)
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_mutex);
+}
 
 /* Signalled when a new work_item is added to todo. */
 static pthread_cond_t cond_add;
@@ -95,7 +85,8 @@
 
 static int skip_first_line;
 
-static void add_work(enum work_type type, char *name, void *id)
+static void add_work(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_source_type type,
+		     const char *name, const char *path, const void *id)
 {
 	grep_lock();
 
@@ -103,9 +94,9 @@
 		pthread_cond_wait(&cond_write, &grep_mutex);
 	}
 
-	todo[todo_end].type = type;
-	todo[todo_end].name = name;
-	todo[todo_end].identifier = id;
+	grep_source_init(&todo[todo_end].source, type, name, path, id);
+	if (opt->binary != GREP_BINARY_TEXT)
+		grep_source_load_driver(&todo[todo_end].source);
 	todo[todo_end].done = 0;
 	strbuf_reset(&todo[todo_end].out);
 	todo_end = (todo_end + 1) % ARRAY_SIZE(todo);
@@ -133,21 +124,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void grep_sha1_async(struct grep_opt *opt, char *name,
-			    const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	unsigned char *s;
-	s = xmalloc(20);
-	memcpy(s, sha1, 20);
-	add_work(WORK_SHA1, name, s);
-}
-
-static void grep_file_async(struct grep_opt *opt, char *name,
-			    const char *filename)
-{
-	add_work(WORK_FILE, name, xstrdup(filename));
-}
-
 static void work_done(struct work_item *w)
 {
 	int old_done;
@@ -174,8 +150,7 @@
 
 			write_or_die(1, p, len);
 		}
-		free(w->name);
-		free(w->identifier);
+		grep_source_clear(&w->source);
 	}
 
 	if (old_done != todo_done)
@@ -198,25 +173,8 @@
 			break;
 
 		opt->output_priv = w;
-		if (w->type == WORK_SHA1) {
-			unsigned long sz;
-			void* data = load_sha1(w->identifier, &sz, w->name);
-
-			if (data) {
-				hit |= grep_buffer(opt, w->name, data, sz);
-				free(data);
-			}
-		} else if (w->type == WORK_FILE) {
-			size_t sz;
-			void* data = load_file(w->identifier, &sz);
-			if (data) {
-				hit |= grep_buffer(opt, w->name, data, sz);
-				free(data);
-			}
-		} else {
-			assert(0);
-		}
-
+		hit |= grep_source(opt, &w->source);
+		grep_source_clear_data(&w->source);
 		work_done(w);
 	}
 	free_grep_patterns(arg);
@@ -236,10 +194,12 @@
 	int i;
 
 	pthread_mutex_init(&grep_mutex, NULL);
-	pthread_mutex_init(&read_sha1_mutex, NULL);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&grep_read_mutex, NULL);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&grep_attr_mutex, NULL);
 	pthread_cond_init(&cond_add, NULL);
 	pthread_cond_init(&cond_write, NULL);
 	pthread_cond_init(&cond_result, NULL);
+	grep_use_locks = 1;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(todo); i++) {
 		strbuf_init(&todo[i].out, 0);
@@ -249,6 +209,7 @@
 		int err;
 		struct grep_opt *o = grep_opt_dup(opt);
 		o->output = strbuf_out;
+		o->debug = 0;
 		compile_grep_patterns(o);
 		err = pthread_create(&threads[i], NULL, run, o);
 
@@ -283,16 +244,16 @@
 	}
 
 	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_mutex);
-	pthread_mutex_destroy(&read_sha1_mutex);
+	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_read_mutex);
+	pthread_mutex_destroy(&grep_attr_mutex);
 	pthread_cond_destroy(&cond_add);
 	pthread_cond_destroy(&cond_write);
 	pthread_cond_destroy(&cond_result);
+	grep_use_locks = 0;
 
 	return hit;
 }
 #else /* !NO_PTHREADS */
-#define read_sha1_lock()
-#define read_sha1_unlock()
 
 static int wait_all(void)
 {
@@ -300,87 +261,29 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-static int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+static int grep_cmd_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	struct grep_opt *opt = cb;
-	char *color = NULL;
-
-	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
-	case 0: break;
-	case -1: return -1;
-	default: return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.extendedregexp")) {
-		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
-			opt->regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
-		else
-			opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.linenumber")) {
-		opt->linenum = git_config_bool(var, value);
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep"))
-		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.context"))
-		color = opt->color_context;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.filename"))
-		color = opt->color_filename;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.function"))
-		color = opt->color_function;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.linenumber"))
-		color = opt->color_lineno;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match"))
-		color = opt->color_match;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.selected"))
-		color = opt->color_selected;
-	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.separator"))
-		color = opt->color_sep;
-	else
-		return git_color_default_config(var, value, cb);
-	if (color) {
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		color_parse(value, var, color);
-	}
-	return 0;
+	int st = grep_config(var, value, cb);
+	if (git_color_default_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
+		st = -1;
+	return st;
 }
 
 static void *lock_and_read_sha1_file(const unsigned char *sha1, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	void *data;
 
-	if (use_threads) {
-		read_sha1_lock();
-		data = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, size);
-		read_sha1_unlock();
-	} else {
-		data = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, size);
-	}
-	return data;
-}
-
-static void *load_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned long *size,
-		       const char *name)
-{
-	enum object_type type;
-	void *data = lock_and_read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, size);
-
-	if (!data)
-		error(_("'%s': unable to read %s"), name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-
+	grep_read_lock();
+	data = read_sha1_file(sha1, type, size);
+	grep_read_unlock();
 	return data;
 }
 
 static int grep_sha1(struct grep_opt *opt, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		     const char *filename, int tree_name_len)
+		     const char *filename, int tree_name_len,
+		     const char *path)
 {
 	struct strbuf pathbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *name;
 
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length) {
 		quote_path_relative(filename + tree_name_len, -1, &pathbuf,
@@ -390,87 +293,51 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, filename);
 	}
 
-	name = strbuf_detach(&pathbuf, NULL);
-
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 	if (use_threads) {
-		grep_sha1_async(opt, name, sha1);
+		add_work(opt, GREP_SOURCE_SHA1, pathbuf.buf, path, sha1);
+		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
 		return 0;
 	} else
 #endif
 	{
+		struct grep_source gs;
 		int hit;
-		unsigned long sz;
-		void *data = load_sha1(sha1, &sz, name);
-		if (!data)
-			hit = 0;
-		else
-			hit = grep_buffer(opt, name, data, sz);
 
-		free(data);
-		free(name);
+		grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_SHA1, pathbuf.buf, path, sha1);
+		strbuf_release(&pathbuf);
+		hit = grep_source(opt, &gs);
+
+		grep_source_clear(&gs);
 		return hit;
 	}
 }
 
-static void *load_file(const char *filename, size_t *sz)
-{
-	struct stat st;
-	char *data;
-	int i;
-
-	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
-	err_ret:
-		if (errno != ENOENT)
-			error(_("'%s': %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		return NULL;
-	*sz = xsize_t(st.st_size);
-	i = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
-	if (i < 0)
-		goto err_ret;
-	data = xmalloc(*sz + 1);
-	if (st.st_size != read_in_full(i, data, *sz)) {
-		error(_("'%s': short read %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
-		close(i);
-		free(data);
-		return NULL;
-	}
-	close(i);
-	data[*sz] = 0;
-	return data;
-}
-
 static int grep_file(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *name;
 
 	if (opt->relative && opt->prefix_length)
 		quote_path_relative(filename, -1, &buf, opt->prefix);
 	else
 		strbuf_addstr(&buf, filename);
-	name = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 #ifndef NO_PTHREADS
 	if (use_threads) {
-		grep_file_async(opt, name, filename);
+		add_work(opt, GREP_SOURCE_FILE, buf.buf, filename, filename);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		return 0;
 	} else
 #endif
 	{
+		struct grep_source gs;
 		int hit;
-		size_t sz;
-		void *data = load_file(filename, &sz);
-		if (!data)
-			hit = 0;
-		else
-			hit = grep_buffer(opt, name, data, sz);
 
-		free(data);
-		free(name);
+		grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_FILE, buf.buf, filename, filename);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		hit = grep_source(opt, &gs);
+
+		grep_source_clear(&gs);
 		return hit;
 	}
 }
@@ -522,7 +389,7 @@
 		if (cached || (ce->ce_flags & CE_VALID) || ce_skip_worktree(ce)) {
 			if (ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, ce->sha1, ce->name, 0);
+			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, ce->sha1, ce->name, 0, ce->name);
 		}
 		else
 			hit |= grep_file(opt, ce->name);
@@ -540,27 +407,30 @@
 }
 
 static int grep_tree(struct grep_opt *opt, const struct pathspec *pathspec,
-		     struct tree_desc *tree, struct strbuf *base, int tn_len)
+		     struct tree_desc *tree, struct strbuf *base, int tn_len,
+		     int check_attr)
 {
-	int hit = 0, match = 0;
+	int hit = 0;
+	enum interesting match = entry_not_interesting;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	int old_baselen = base->len;
 
 	while (tree_entry(tree, &entry)) {
-		int te_len = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
+		int te_len = tree_entry_len(&entry);
 
-		if (match != 2) {
+		if (match != all_entries_interesting) {
 			match = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, base, tn_len, pathspec);
-			if (match < 0)
+			if (match == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				break;
-			if (match == 0)
+			if (match == entry_not_interesting)
 				continue;
 		}
 
 		strbuf_add(base, entry.path, te_len);
 
 		if (S_ISREG(entry.mode)) {
-			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, base->buf, tn_len);
+			hit |= grep_sha1(opt, entry.sha1, base->buf, tn_len,
+					 check_attr ? base->buf + tn_len : NULL);
 		}
 		else if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode)) {
 			enum object_type type;
@@ -575,7 +445,8 @@
 
 			strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 			init_tree_desc(&sub, data, size);
-			hit |= grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &sub, base, tn_len);
+			hit |= grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &sub, base, tn_len,
+					 check_attr);
 			free(data);
 		}
 		strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
@@ -590,7 +461,7 @@
 		       struct object *obj, const char *name)
 {
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB)
-		return grep_sha1(opt, obj->sha1, name, 0);
+		return grep_sha1(opt, obj->sha1, name, 0, NULL);
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT || obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 		struct tree_desc tree;
 		void *data;
@@ -598,10 +469,10 @@
 		struct strbuf base;
 		int hit, len;
 
-		read_sha1_lock();
+		grep_read_lock();
 		data = read_object_with_reference(obj->sha1, tree_type,
 						  &size, NULL);
-		read_sha1_unlock();
+		grep_read_unlock();
 
 		if (!data)
 			die(_("unable to read tree (%s)"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
@@ -613,7 +484,8 @@
 			strbuf_addch(&base, ':');
 		}
 		init_tree_desc(&tree, data, size);
-		hit = grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &tree, &base, base.len);
+		hit = grep_tree(opt, pathspec, &tree, &base, base.len,
+				obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT);
 		strbuf_release(&base);
 		free(data);
 		return hit;
@@ -695,15 +567,12 @@
 	if (!patterns)
 		die_errno(_("cannot open '%s'"), arg);
 	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, patterns, '\n') == 0) {
-		char *s;
-		size_t len;
-
 		/* ignore empty line like grep does */
 		if (sb.len == 0)
 			continue;
 
-		s = strbuf_detach(&sb, &len);
-		append_grep_pat(grep_opt, s, len, arg, ++lno, GREP_PATTERN);
+		append_grep_pat(grep_opt, sb.buf, sb.len, arg, ++lno,
+				GREP_PATTERN);
 	}
 	if (!from_stdin)
 		fclose(patterns);
@@ -767,96 +636,88 @@
 	int i;
 	int dummy;
 	int use_index = 1;
-	enum {
-		pattern_type_unspecified = 0,
-		pattern_type_bre,
-		pattern_type_ere,
-		pattern_type_fixed,
-		pattern_type_pcre,
-	};
-	int pattern_type = pattern_type_unspecified;
+	int pattern_type_arg = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cached", &cached,
-			"search in index instead of in the work tree"),
-		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "index", &use_index, NULL,
-			"finds in contents not managed by git",
-			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP },
+			N_("search in index instead of in the work tree")),
+		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "no-index", &use_index,
+			 N_("find in contents not managed by git"), 1),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "untracked", &untracked,
-			"search in both tracked and untracked files"),
+			N_("search in both tracked and untracked files")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "exclude-standard", &opt_exclude,
-			    "search also in ignored files", 1),
+			    N_("search also in ignored files"), 1),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "invert-match", &opt.invert,
-			"show non-matching lines"),
+			N_("show non-matching lines")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('i', "ignore-case", &opt.ignore_case,
-			"case insensitive matching"),
+			N_("case insensitive matching")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('w', "word-regexp", &opt.word_regexp,
-			"match patterns only at word boundaries"),
+			N_("match patterns only at word boundaries")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('a', "text", &opt.binary,
-			"process binary files as text", GREP_BINARY_TEXT),
+			N_("process binary files as text"), GREP_BINARY_TEXT),
 		OPT_SET_INT('I', NULL, &opt.binary,
-			"don't match patterns in binary files",
+			N_("don't match patterns in binary files"),
 			GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH),
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "max-depth", &opt.max_depth, "depth",
-			"descend at most <depth> levels", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "max-depth", &opt.max_depth, N_("depth"),
+			N_("descend at most <depth> levels"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			NULL, 1 },
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_SET_INT('E', "extended-regexp", &pattern_type,
-			    "use extended POSIX regular expressions",
-			    pattern_type_ere),
-		OPT_SET_INT('G', "basic-regexp", &pattern_type,
-			    "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)",
-			    pattern_type_bre),
-		OPT_SET_INT('F', "fixed-strings", &pattern_type,
-			    "interpret patterns as fixed strings",
-			    pattern_type_fixed),
-		OPT_SET_INT('P', "perl-regexp", &pattern_type,
-			    "use Perl-compatible regular expressions",
-			    pattern_type_pcre),
+		OPT_SET_INT('E', "extended-regexp", &pattern_type_arg,
+			    N_("use extended POSIX regular expressions"),
+			    GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE),
+		OPT_SET_INT('G', "basic-regexp", &pattern_type_arg,
+			    N_("use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"),
+			    GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE),
+		OPT_SET_INT('F', "fixed-strings", &pattern_type_arg,
+			    N_("interpret patterns as fixed strings"),
+			    GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED),
+		OPT_SET_INT('P', "perl-regexp", &pattern_type_arg,
+			    N_("use Perl-compatible regular expressions"),
+			    GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "line-number", &opt.linenum, "show line numbers"),
-		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, "don't show filenames", 1),
-		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, "show filenames", 1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "line-number", &opt.linenum, N_("show line numbers")),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('h', NULL, &opt.pathname, N_("don't show filenames"), 1),
+		OPT_BIT('H', NULL, &opt.pathname, N_("show filenames"), 1),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "full-name", &opt.relative,
-			"show filenames relative to top directory", 1),
+			N_("show filenames relative to top directory"), 1),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "files-with-matches", &opt.name_only,
-			"show only filenames instead of matching lines"),
+			N_("show only filenames instead of matching lines")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &opt.name_only,
-			"synonym for --files-with-matches"),
+			N_("synonym for --files-with-matches")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('L', "files-without-match",
 			&opt.unmatch_name_only,
-			"show only the names of files without match"),
+			N_("show only the names of files without match")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('z', "null", &opt.null_following_name,
-			"print NUL after filenames"),
+			N_("print NUL after filenames")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "count", &opt.count,
-			"show the number of matches instead of matching lines"),
-		OPT__COLOR(&opt.color, "highlight matches"),
+			N_("show the number of matches instead of matching lines")),
+		OPT__COLOR(&opt.color, N_("highlight matches")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "break", &opt.file_break,
-			"print empty line between matches from different files"),
+			N_("print empty line between matches from different files")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "heading", &opt.heading,
-			"show filename only once above matches from same file"),
+			N_("show filename only once above matches from same file")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('C', "context", &opt, "n",
-			"show <n> context lines before and after matches",
+		OPT_CALLBACK('C', "context", &opt, N_("n"),
+			N_("show <n> context lines before and after matches"),
 			context_callback),
 		OPT_INTEGER('B', "before-context", &opt.pre_context,
-			"show <n> context lines before matches"),
+			N_("show <n> context lines before matches")),
 		OPT_INTEGER('A', "after-context", &opt.post_context,
-			"show <n> context lines after matches"),
-		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&opt, "shortcut for -C NUM",
+			N_("show <n> context lines after matches")),
+		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&opt, N_("shortcut for -C NUM"),
 			context_callback),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "show-function", &opt.funcname,
-			"show a line with the function name before matches"),
+			N_("show a line with the function name before matches")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('W', "function-context", &opt.funcbody,
-			"show the surrounding function"),
+			N_("show the surrounding function")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('f', NULL, &opt, "file",
-			"read patterns from file", file_callback),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', NULL, &opt, "pattern",
-			"match <pattern>", PARSE_OPT_NONEG, pattern_callback },
+		OPT_CALLBACK('f', NULL, &opt, N_("file"),
+			N_("read patterns from file"), file_callback),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'e', NULL, &opt, N_("pattern"),
+			N_("match <pattern>"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG, pattern_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "and", &opt, NULL,
-		  "combine patterns specified with -e",
+		  N_("combine patterns specified with -e"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, and_callback },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "or", &dummy, ""),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "not", &opt, NULL, "",
@@ -868,16 +729,19 @@
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH,
 		  close_callback },
 		OPT__QUIET(&opt.status_only,
-			   "indicate hit with exit status without output"),
+			   N_("indicate hit with exit status without output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all-match", &opt.all_match,
-			"show only matches from files that match all patterns"),
+			N_("show only matches from files that match all patterns")),
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "debug", &opt.debug, NULL,
+		  N_("show parse tree for grep expression"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN, NULL, 1 },
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
 		{ OPTION_STRING, 'O', "open-files-in-pager", &show_in_pager,
-			"pager", "show matching files in the pager",
+			N_("pager"), N_("show matching files in the pager"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)default_pager },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ext-grep", &external_grep_allowed__ignored,
-			    "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", &options, NULL, "show usage",
+			    N_("allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", &options, NULL, N_("show usage"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -889,25 +753,9 @@
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(grep_usage, options);
 
-	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-	opt.prefix = prefix;
-	opt.prefix_length = (prefix && *prefix) ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
-	opt.relative = 1;
-	opt.pathname = 1;
-	opt.pattern_tail = &opt.pattern_list;
-	opt.header_tail = &opt.header_list;
-	opt.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
-	opt.max_depth = -1;
-
-	strcpy(opt.color_context, "");
-	strcpy(opt.color_filename, "");
-	strcpy(opt.color_function, "");
-	strcpy(opt.color_lineno, "");
-	strcpy(opt.color_match, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
-	strcpy(opt.color_selected, "");
-	strcpy(opt.color_sep, GIT_COLOR_CYAN);
-	opt.color = -1;
-	git_config(grep_config, &opt);
+	init_grep_defaults();
+	git_config(grep_cmd_config, NULL);
+	grep_init(&opt, prefix);
 
 	/*
 	 * If there is no -- then the paths must exist in the working
@@ -923,28 +771,7 @@
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH |
 			     PARSE_OPT_STOP_AT_NON_OPTION |
 			     PARSE_OPT_NO_INTERNAL_HELP);
-	switch (pattern_type) {
-	case pattern_type_fixed:
-		opt.fixed = 1;
-		opt.pcre = 0;
-		break;
-	case pattern_type_bre:
-		opt.fixed = 0;
-		opt.pcre = 0;
-		opt.regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
-		break;
-	case pattern_type_ere:
-		opt.fixed = 0;
-		opt.pcre = 0;
-		opt.regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
-		break;
-	case pattern_type_pcre:
-		opt.fixed = 0;
-		opt.pcre = 1;
-		break;
-	default:
-		break; /* nothing */
-	}
+	grep_commit_pattern_type(pattern_type_arg, &opt);
 
 	if (use_index && !startup_info->have_repository)
 		/* die the same way as if we did it at the beginning */
@@ -985,20 +812,6 @@
 	if (!opt.fixed && opt.ignore_case)
 		opt.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
 
-#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
-	if (online_cpus() == 1 || !grep_threads_ok(&opt))
-		use_threads = 0;
-
-	if (use_threads) {
-		if (opt.pre_context || opt.post_context || opt.file_break ||
-		    opt.funcbody)
-			skip_first_line = 1;
-		start_threads(&opt);
-	}
-#else
-	use_threads = 0;
-#endif
-
 	compile_grep_patterns(&opt);
 
 	/* Check revs and then paths */
@@ -1010,6 +823,8 @@
 			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 			if (!object)
 				die(_("bad object %s"), arg);
+			if (!seen_dashdash)
+				verify_non_filename(prefix, arg);
 			add_object_array(object, arg, &list);
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1020,11 +835,28 @@
 		break;
 	}
 
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (list.nr || cached || online_cpus() == 1)
+		use_threads = 0;
+#else
+	use_threads = 0;
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (use_threads) {
+		if (!(opt.name_only || opt.unmatch_name_only || opt.count)
+		    && (opt.pre_context || opt.post_context ||
+			opt.file_break || opt.funcbody))
+			skip_first_line = 1;
+		start_threads(&opt);
+	}
+#endif
+
 	/* The rest are paths */
 	if (!seen_dashdash) {
 		int j;
 		for (j = i; j < argc; j++)
-			verify_filename(prefix, argv[j]);
+			verify_filename(prefix, argv[j], j == i);
 	}
 
 	paths = get_pathspec(prefix, argv + i);
diff --git a/builtin/hash-object.c b/builtin/hash-object.c
index 33911fd..8d184f1 100644
--- a/builtin/hash-object.c
+++ b/builtin/hash-object.c
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const hash_object_usage[] = {
-	"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>...",
-	"git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>",
+	N_("git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] <file>..."),
+	N_("git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -69,12 +69,12 @@
 static const char *vpath;
 
 static const struct option hash_object_options[] = {
-	OPT_STRING('t', NULL, &type, "type", "object type"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('w', NULL, &write_object, "write the object into the object database"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin", &hashstdin, "read the object from stdin"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin-paths", &stdin_paths, "read file names from stdin"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "no-filters", &no_filters, "store file as is without filters"),
-	OPT_STRING( 0 , "path", &vpath, "file", "process file as it were from this path"),
+	OPT_STRING('t', NULL, &type, N_("type"), N_("object type")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('w', NULL, &write_object, N_("write the object into the object database")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin", &hashstdin, N_("read the object from stdin")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "stdin-paths", &stdin_paths, N_("read file names from stdin")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "no-filters", &no_filters, N_("store file as is without filters")),
+	OPT_STRING( 0 , "path", &vpath, N_("file"), N_("process file as it were from this path")),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
diff --git a/builtin/help.c b/builtin/help.c
index 61ff798..d1d7181 100644
--- a/builtin/help.c
+++ b/builtin/help.c
@@ -6,11 +6,15 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "common-cmds.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "column.h"
 #include "help.h"
 
+#ifndef DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT
+#define DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT "man"
+#endif
+
 static struct man_viewer_list {
 	struct man_viewer_list *next;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
@@ -29,20 +33,23 @@
 	HELP_FORMAT_WEB
 };
 
+static const char *html_path;
+
 static int show_all = 0;
+static unsigned int colopts;
 static enum help_format help_format = HELP_FORMAT_NONE;
 static struct option builtin_help_options[] = {
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, "print all available commands"),
-	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, "show man page", HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
-	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, "show manual in web browser",
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, N_("print all available commands")),
+	OPT_SET_INT('m', "man", &help_format, N_("show man page"), HELP_FORMAT_MAN),
+	OPT_SET_INT('w', "web", &help_format, N_("show manual in web browser"),
 			HELP_FORMAT_WEB),
-	OPT_SET_INT('i', "info", &help_format, "show info page",
+	OPT_SET_INT('i', "info", &help_format, N_("show info page"),
 			HELP_FORMAT_INFO),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_help_usage[] = {
-	"git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]",
+	N_("git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -54,7 +61,7 @@
 		return HELP_FORMAT_INFO;
 	if (!strcmp(format, "web") || !strcmp(format, "html"))
 		return HELP_FORMAT_WEB;
-	die("unrecognized help format '%s'", format);
+	die(_("unrecognized help format '%s'"), format);
 }
 
 static const char *get_man_viewer_info(const char *name)
@@ -82,7 +89,7 @@
 	ec_process.err = -1;
 	ec_process.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
 	if (start_command(&ec_process))
-		return error("Failed to start emacsclient.");
+		return error(_("Failed to start emacsclient."));
 
 	strbuf_read(&buffer, ec_process.err, 20);
 	close(ec_process.err);
@@ -95,7 +102,7 @@
 
 	if (prefixcmp(buffer.buf, "emacsclient")) {
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		return error("Failed to parse emacsclient version.");
+		return error(_("Failed to parse emacsclient version."));
 	}
 
 	strbuf_remove(&buffer, 0, strlen("emacsclient"));
@@ -103,7 +110,7 @@
 
 	if (version < 22) {
 		strbuf_release(&buffer);
-		return error("emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22).",
+		return error(_("emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."),
 			version);
 	}
 
@@ -121,7 +128,7 @@
 			path = "emacsclient";
 		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "(woman \"%s\")", page);
 		execlp(path, "emacsclient", "-e", man_page.buf, (char *)NULL);
-		warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -149,7 +156,7 @@
 			path = "kfmclient";
 		strbuf_addf(&man_page, "man:%s(1)", page);
 		execlp(path, filename, "newTab", man_page.buf, (char *)NULL);
-		warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+		warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -158,7 +165,7 @@
 	if (!path)
 		path = "man";
 	execlp(path, "man", page, (char *)NULL);
-	warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", path, strerror(errno));
+	warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
 }
 
 static void exec_man_cmd(const char *cmd, const char *page)
@@ -166,7 +173,7 @@
 	struct strbuf shell_cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
 	strbuf_addf(&shell_cmd, "%s %s", cmd, page);
 	execl("/bin/sh", "sh", "-c", shell_cmd.buf, (char *)NULL);
-	warning("failed to exec '%s': %s", cmd, strerror(errno));
+	warning(_("failed to exec '%s': %s"), cmd, strerror(errno));
 }
 
 static void add_man_viewer(const char *name)
@@ -206,8 +213,8 @@
 	if (supported_man_viewer(name, len))
 		do_add_man_viewer_info(name, len, value);
 	else
-		warning("'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
-			"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead.",
+		warning(_("'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+			  "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."),
 			name);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -218,8 +225,8 @@
 			      const char *value)
 {
 	if (supported_man_viewer(name, len))
-		warning("'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
-			"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead.",
+		warning(_("'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+			  "Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."),
 			name);
 	else
 		do_add_man_viewer_info(name, len, value);
@@ -229,21 +236,21 @@
 
 static int add_man_viewer_info(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	const char *name = var + 4;
-	const char *subkey = strrchr(name, '.');
+	const char *name, *subkey;
+	int namelen;
 
-	if (!subkey)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "man", &name, &namelen, &subkey) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".path")) {
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, "path")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		return add_man_viewer_path(name, subkey - name, value);
+		return add_man_viewer_path(name, namelen, value);
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(subkey, ".cmd")) {
+	if (!strcmp(subkey, "cmd")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, subkey - name, value);
+		return add_man_viewer_cmd(name, namelen, value);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -251,12 +258,20 @@
 
 static int git_help_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "column."))
+		return git_column_config(var, value, "help", &colopts);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "help.format")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
 		help_format = parse_help_format(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "help.htmlpath")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		html_path = xstrdup(value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "man.viewer")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
@@ -271,23 +286,6 @@
 
 static struct cmdnames main_cmds, other_cmds;
 
-void list_common_cmds_help(void)
-{
-	int i, longest = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
-			longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
-	}
-
-	puts("The most commonly used git commands are:");
-	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
-		printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
-		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
-		puts(common_cmds[i].help);
-	}
-}
-
 static int is_git_command(const char *s)
 {
 	return is_in_cmdlist(&main_cmds, s) ||
@@ -348,7 +346,7 @@
 	else if (info)
 		exec_man_cmd(info, page);
 	else
-		warning("'%s': unknown man viewer.", name);
+		warning(_("'%s': unknown man viewer."), name);
 }
 
 static void show_man_page(const char *git_cmd)
@@ -365,7 +363,7 @@
 	if (fallback)
 		exec_viewer(fallback, page);
 	exec_viewer("man", page);
-	die("no man viewer handled the request");
+	die(_("no man viewer handled the request"));
 }
 
 static void show_info_page(const char *git_cmd)
@@ -373,18 +371,21 @@
 	const char *page = cmd_to_page(git_cmd);
 	setenv("INFOPATH", system_path(GIT_INFO_PATH), 1);
 	execlp("info", "info", "gitman", page, (char *)NULL);
-	die("no info viewer handled the request");
+	die(_("no info viewer handled the request"));
 }
 
 static void get_html_page_path(struct strbuf *page_path, const char *page)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	const char *html_path = system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH);
+	if (!html_path)
+		html_path = system_path(GIT_HTML_PATH);
 
 	/* Check that we have a git documentation directory. */
-	if (stat(mkpath("%s/git.html", html_path), &st)
-	    || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-		die("'%s': not a documentation directory.", html_path);
+	if (!strstr(html_path, "://")) {
+		if (stat(mkpath("%s/git.html", html_path), &st)
+		    || !S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			die("'%s': not a documentation directory.", html_path);
+	}
 
 	strbuf_init(page_path, 0);
 	strbuf_addf(page_path, "%s/%s.html", html_path, page);
@@ -424,16 +425,17 @@
 	parsed_help_format = help_format;
 
 	if (show_all) {
-		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
-		list_commands("git commands", &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
-		printf("%s\n", git_more_info_string);
+		git_config(git_help_config, NULL);
+		printf(_("usage: %s%s"), _(git_usage_string), "\n\n");
+		list_commands(colopts, &main_cmds, &other_cmds);
+		printf("%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!argv[0]) {
-		printf("usage: %s\n\n", git_usage_string);
+		printf(_("usage: %s%s"), _(git_usage_string), "\n\n");
 		list_common_cmds_help();
-		printf("\n%s\n", git_more_info_string);
+		printf("\n%s\n", _(git_more_info_string));
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -442,10 +444,12 @@
 
 	if (parsed_help_format != HELP_FORMAT_NONE)
 		help_format = parsed_help_format;
+	if (help_format == HELP_FORMAT_NONE)
+		help_format = parse_help_format(DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT);
 
 	alias = alias_lookup(argv[0]);
 	if (alias && !is_git_command(argv[0])) {
-		printf("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'\n", argv[0], alias);
+		printf_ln(_("`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"), argv[0], alias);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/index-pack.c b/builtin/index-pack.c
index 0945adb..43d364b 100644
--- a/builtin/index-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/index-pack.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "fsck.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
 
 static const char index_pack_usage[] =
 "git index-pack [-v] [-o <index-file>] [--keep | --keep=<msg>] [--verify] [--strict] (<pack-file> | --stdin [--fix-thin] [<pack-file>])";
@@ -34,6 +36,21 @@
 	struct object_entry *obj;
 	void *data;
 	unsigned long size;
+	int ref_first, ref_last;
+	int ofs_first, ofs_last;
+};
+
+#if !defined(NO_PTHREADS) && defined(NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD)
+/* pread() emulation is not thread-safe. Disable threading. */
+#define NO_PTHREADS
+#endif
+
+struct thread_local {
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	pthread_t thread;
+#endif
+	struct base_data *base_cache;
+	size_t base_cache_used;
 };
 
 /*
@@ -52,11 +69,11 @@
 
 static struct object_entry *objects;
 static struct delta_entry *deltas;
-static struct base_data *base_cache;
-static size_t base_cache_used;
+static struct thread_local nothread_data;
 static int nr_objects;
 static int nr_deltas;
 static int nr_resolved_deltas;
+static int nr_threads;
 
 static int from_stdin;
 static int strict;
@@ -73,13 +90,84 @@
 static uint32_t input_crc32;
 static int input_fd, output_fd, pack_fd;
 
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+
+static struct thread_local *thread_data;
+static int nr_dispatched;
+static int threads_active;
+
+static pthread_mutex_t read_mutex;
+#define read_lock()		lock_mutex(&read_mutex)
+#define read_unlock()		unlock_mutex(&read_mutex)
+
+static pthread_mutex_t counter_mutex;
+#define counter_lock()		lock_mutex(&counter_mutex)
+#define counter_unlock()	unlock_mutex(&counter_mutex)
+
+static pthread_mutex_t work_mutex;
+#define work_lock()		lock_mutex(&work_mutex)
+#define work_unlock()		unlock_mutex(&work_mutex)
+
+static pthread_key_t key;
+
+static inline void lock_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
+{
+	if (threads_active)
+		pthread_mutex_lock(mutex);
+}
+
+static inline void unlock_mutex(pthread_mutex_t *mutex)
+{
+	if (threads_active)
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Mutex and conditional variable can't be statically-initialized on Windows.
+ */
+static void init_thread(void)
+{
+	init_recursive_mutex(&read_mutex);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&counter_mutex, NULL);
+	pthread_mutex_init(&work_mutex, NULL);
+	pthread_key_create(&key, NULL);
+	thread_data = xcalloc(nr_threads, sizeof(*thread_data));
+	threads_active = 1;
+}
+
+static void cleanup_thread(void)
+{
+	if (!threads_active)
+		return;
+	threads_active = 0;
+	pthread_mutex_destroy(&read_mutex);
+	pthread_mutex_destroy(&counter_mutex);
+	pthread_mutex_destroy(&work_mutex);
+	pthread_key_delete(key);
+	free(thread_data);
+}
+
+#else
+
+#define read_lock()
+#define read_unlock()
+
+#define counter_lock()
+#define counter_unlock()
+
+#define work_lock()
+#define work_unlock()
+
+#endif
+
+
 static int mark_link(struct object *obj, int type, void *data)
 {
 	if (!obj)
 		return -1;
 
 	if (type != OBJ_ANY && obj->type != type)
-		die("object type mismatch at %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+		die(_("object type mismatch at %s"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
 	obj->flags |= FLAG_LINK;
 	return 0;
@@ -99,7 +187,7 @@
 		unsigned long size;
 		int type = sha1_object_info(obj->sha1, &size);
 		if (type != obj->type || type <= 0)
-			die("object of unexpected type");
+			die(_("object of unexpected type"));
 		obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 		return;
 	}
@@ -136,15 +224,18 @@
 	if (min <= input_len)
 		return input_buffer + input_offset;
 	if (min > sizeof(input_buffer))
-		die("cannot fill %d bytes", min);
+		die(Q_("cannot fill %d byte",
+		       "cannot fill %d bytes",
+		       min),
+		    min);
 	flush();
 	do {
 		ssize_t ret = xread(input_fd, input_buffer + input_len,
 				sizeof(input_buffer) - input_len);
 		if (ret <= 0) {
 			if (!ret)
-				die("early EOF");
-			die_errno("read error on input");
+				die(_("early EOF"));
+			die_errno(_("read error on input"));
 		}
 		input_len += ret;
 		if (from_stdin)
@@ -156,14 +247,14 @@
 static void use(int bytes)
 {
 	if (bytes > input_len)
-		die("used more bytes than were available");
+		die(_("used more bytes than were available"));
 	input_crc32 = crc32(input_crc32, input_buffer + input_offset, bytes);
 	input_len -= bytes;
 	input_offset += bytes;
 
 	/* make sure off_t is sufficiently large not to wrap */
 	if (signed_add_overflows(consumed_bytes, bytes))
-		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
+		die(_("pack too large for current definition of off_t"));
 	consumed_bytes += bytes;
 }
 
@@ -172,19 +263,19 @@
 	if (from_stdin) {
 		input_fd = 0;
 		if (!pack_name) {
-			static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+			static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
+			output_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file),
 						"pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-			pack_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
+			pack_name = xstrdup(tmp_file);
 		} else
 			output_fd = open(pack_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
 		if (output_fd < 0)
-			die_errno("unable to create '%s'", pack_name);
+			die_errno(_("unable to create '%s'"), pack_name);
 		pack_fd = output_fd;
 	} else {
 		input_fd = open(pack_name, O_RDONLY);
 		if (input_fd < 0)
-			die_errno("cannot open packfile '%s'", pack_name);
+			die_errno(_("cannot open packfile '%s'"), pack_name);
 		output_fd = -1;
 		pack_fd = input_fd;
 	}
@@ -198,9 +289,9 @@
 
 	/* Header consistency check */
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE))
-		die("pack signature mismatch");
+		die(_("pack signature mismatch"));
 	if (!pack_version_ok(hdr->hdr_version))
-		die("pack version %"PRIu32" unsupported",
+		die(_("pack version %"PRIu32" unsupported"),
 			ntohl(hdr->hdr_version));
 
 	nr_objects = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
@@ -218,7 +309,35 @@
 	va_start(params, format);
 	vsnprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), format, params);
 	va_end(params);
-	die("pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s", offset, buf);
+	die(_("pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"), offset, buf);
+}
+
+static inline struct thread_local *get_thread_data(void)
+{
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (threads_active)
+		return pthread_getspecific(key);
+	assert(!threads_active &&
+	       "This should only be reached when all threads are gone");
+#endif
+	return &nothread_data;
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+static void set_thread_data(struct thread_local *data)
+{
+	if (threads_active)
+		pthread_setspecific(key, data);
+}
+#endif
+
+static struct base_data *alloc_base_data(void)
+{
+	struct base_data *base = xmalloc(sizeof(struct base_data));
+	memset(base, 0, sizeof(*base));
+	base->ref_last = -1;
+	base->ofs_last = -1;
+	return base;
 }
 
 static void free_base_data(struct base_data *c)
@@ -226,15 +345,16 @@
 	if (c->data) {
 		free(c->data);
 		c->data = NULL;
-		base_cache_used -= c->size;
+		get_thread_data()->base_cache_used -= c->size;
 	}
 }
 
 static void prune_base_data(struct base_data *retain)
 {
 	struct base_data *b;
-	for (b = base_cache;
-	     base_cache_used > delta_base_cache_limit && b;
+	struct thread_local *data = get_thread_data();
+	for (b = data->base_cache;
+	     data->base_cache_used > delta_base_cache_limit && b;
 	     b = b->child) {
 		if (b->data && b != retain)
 			free_base_data(b);
@@ -246,12 +366,12 @@
 	if (base)
 		base->child = c;
 	else
-		base_cache = c;
+		get_thread_data()->base_cache = c;
 
 	c->base = base;
 	c->child = NULL;
 	if (c->data)
-		base_cache_used += c->size;
+		get_thread_data()->base_cache_used += c->size;
 	prune_base_data(c);
 }
 
@@ -261,34 +381,66 @@
 	if (base)
 		base->child = NULL;
 	else
-		base_cache = NULL;
+		get_thread_data()->base_cache = NULL;
 	free_base_data(c);
 }
 
-static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size)
+static int is_delta_type(enum object_type type)
 {
+	return (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
+}
+
+static void *unpack_entry_data(unsigned long offset, unsigned long size,
+			       enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	static char fixed_buf[8192];
 	int status;
 	git_zstream stream;
-	void *buf = xmalloc(size);
+	void *buf;
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	char hdr[32];
+	int hdrlen;
+
+	if (!is_delta_type(type)) {
+		hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(type), size) + 1;
+		git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+		git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+	} else
+		sha1 = NULL;
+	if (type == OBJ_BLOB && size > big_file_threshold)
+		buf = fixed_buf;
+	else
+		buf = xmalloc(size);
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	stream.next_out = buf;
-	stream.avail_out = size;
+	stream.avail_out = buf == fixed_buf ? sizeof(fixed_buf) : size;
 
 	do {
+		unsigned char *last_out = stream.next_out;
 		stream.next_in = fill(1);
 		stream.avail_in = input_len;
 		status = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
 		use(input_len - stream.avail_in);
+		if (sha1)
+			git_SHA1_Update(&c, last_out, stream.next_out - last_out);
+		if (buf == fixed_buf) {
+			stream.next_out = buf;
+			stream.avail_out = sizeof(fixed_buf);
+		}
 	} while (status == Z_OK);
 	if (stream.total_out != size || status != Z_STREAM_END)
-		bad_object(offset, "inflate returned %d", status);
+		bad_object(offset, _("inflate returned %d"), status);
 	git_inflate_end(&stream);
-	return buf;
+	if (sha1)
+		git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
+	return buf == fixed_buf ? NULL : buf;
 }
 
-static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj, union delta_base *delta_base)
+static void *unpack_raw_entry(struct object_entry *obj,
+			      union delta_base *delta_base,
+			      unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	unsigned char *p;
 	unsigned long size, c;
@@ -328,7 +480,7 @@
 		while (c & 128) {
 			base_offset += 1;
 			if (!base_offset || MSB(base_offset, 7))
-				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "offset value overflow for delta base object");
+				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, _("offset value overflow for delta base object"));
 			p = fill(1);
 			c = *p;
 			use(1);
@@ -336,7 +488,7 @@
 		}
 		delta_base->offset = obj->idx.offset - base_offset;
 		if (delta_base->offset <= 0 || delta_base->offset >= obj->idx.offset)
-			bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "delta base offset is out of bound");
+			bad_object(obj->idx.offset, _("delta base offset is out of bound"));
 		break;
 	case OBJ_COMMIT:
 	case OBJ_TREE:
@@ -344,16 +496,18 @@
 	case OBJ_TAG:
 		break;
 	default:
-		bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "unknown object type %d", obj->type);
+		bad_object(obj->idx.offset, _("unknown object type %d"), obj->type);
 	}
 	obj->hdr_size = consumed_bytes - obj->idx.offset;
 
-	data = unpack_entry_data(obj->idx.offset, obj->size);
+	data = unpack_entry_data(obj->idx.offset, obj->size, obj->type, sha1);
 	obj->idx.crc32 = input_crc32;
 	return data;
 }
 
-static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
+static void *unpack_data(struct object_entry *obj,
+			 int (*consume)(const unsigned char *, unsigned long, void *),
+			 void *cb_data)
 {
 	off_t from = obj[0].idx.offset + obj[0].hdr_size;
 	unsigned long len = obj[1].idx.offset - from;
@@ -361,37 +515,62 @@
 	git_zstream stream;
 	int status;
 
-	data = xmalloc(obj->size);
+	data = xmalloc(consume ? 64*1024 : obj->size);
 	inbuf = xmalloc((len < 64*1024) ? len : 64*1024);
 
 	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 	git_inflate_init(&stream);
 	stream.next_out = data;
-	stream.avail_out = obj->size;
+	stream.avail_out = consume ? 64*1024 : obj->size;
 
 	do {
 		ssize_t n = (len < 64*1024) ? len : 64*1024;
 		n = pread(pack_fd, inbuf, n, from);
 		if (n < 0)
-			die_errno("cannot pread pack file");
+			die_errno(_("cannot pread pack file"));
 		if (!n)
-			die("premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing", len);
+			die(Q_("premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing",
+			       "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing",
+			       len),
+			    len);
 		from += n;
 		len -= n;
 		stream.next_in = inbuf;
 		stream.avail_in = n;
-		status = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
+		if (!consume)
+			status = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
+		else {
+			do {
+				status = git_inflate(&stream, 0);
+				if (consume(data, stream.next_out - data, cb_data)) {
+					free(inbuf);
+					free(data);
+					return NULL;
+				}
+				stream.next_out = data;
+				stream.avail_out = 64*1024;
+			} while (status == Z_OK && stream.avail_in);
+		}
 	} while (len && status == Z_OK && !stream.avail_in);
 
 	/* This has been inflated OK when first encountered, so... */
 	if (status != Z_STREAM_END || stream.total_out != obj->size)
-		die("serious inflate inconsistency");
+		die(_("serious inflate inconsistency"));
 
 	git_inflate_end(&stream);
 	free(inbuf);
+	if (consume) {
+		free(data);
+		data = NULL;
+	}
 	return data;
 }
 
+static void *get_data_from_pack(struct object_entry *obj)
+{
+	return unpack_data(obj, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
 static int compare_delta_bases(const union delta_base *base1,
 			       const union delta_base *base2,
 			       enum object_type type1,
@@ -446,45 +625,130 @@
 	*last_index = last;
 }
 
-static void sha1_object(const void *data, unsigned long size,
-			enum object_type type, unsigned char *sha1)
+struct compare_data {
+	struct object_entry *entry;
+	struct git_istream *st;
+	unsigned char *buf;
+	unsigned long buf_size;
+};
+
+static int compare_objects(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long size,
+			   void *cb_data)
 {
-	hash_sha1_file(data, size, typename(type), sha1);
-	if (has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
+	struct compare_data *data = cb_data;
+
+	if (data->buf_size < size) {
+		free(data->buf);
+		data->buf = xmalloc(size);
+		data->buf_size = size;
+	}
+
+	while (size) {
+		ssize_t len = read_istream(data->st, data->buf, size);
+		if (len == 0)
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
+			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+		if (len < 0)
+			die(_("unable to read %s"),
+			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+		if (memcmp(buf, data->buf, len))
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
+			    sha1_to_hex(data->entry->idx.sha1));
+		size -= len;
+		buf += len;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_collison(struct object_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct compare_data data;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long size;
+
+	if (entry->size <= big_file_threshold || entry->type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		return -1;
+
+	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+	data.entry = entry;
+	data.st = open_istream(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size, NULL);
+	if (!data.st)
+		return -1;
+	if (size != entry->size || type != entry->type)
+		die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"),
+		    sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+	unpack_data(entry, compare_objects, &data);
+	close_istream(data.st);
+	free(data.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void sha1_object(const void *data, struct object_entry *obj_entry,
+			unsigned long size, enum object_type type,
+			const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	void *new_data = NULL;
+	int collision_test_needed;
+
+	assert(data || obj_entry);
+
+	read_lock();
+	collision_test_needed = has_sha1_file(sha1);
+	read_unlock();
+
+	if (collision_test_needed && !data) {
+		read_lock();
+		if (!check_collison(obj_entry))
+			collision_test_needed = 0;
+		read_unlock();
+	}
+	if (collision_test_needed) {
 		void *has_data;
 		enum object_type has_type;
 		unsigned long has_size;
+		read_lock();
+		has_type = sha1_object_info(sha1, &has_size);
+		if (has_type != type || has_size != size)
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		has_data = read_sha1_file(sha1, &has_type, &has_size);
+		read_unlock();
+		if (!data)
+			data = new_data = get_data_from_pack(obj_entry);
 		if (!has_data)
-			die("cannot read existing object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die(_("cannot read existing object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		if (size != has_size || type != has_type ||
 		    memcmp(data, has_data, size) != 0)
-			die("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+			die(_("SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		free(has_data);
 	}
+
 	if (strict) {
+		read_lock();
 		if (type == OBJ_BLOB) {
 			struct blob *blob = lookup_blob(sha1);
 			if (blob)
 				blob->object.flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 			else
-				die("invalid blob object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+				die(_("invalid blob object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		} else {
 			struct object *obj;
 			int eaten;
 			void *buf = (void *) data;
 
+			if (!buf)
+				buf = new_data = get_data_from_pack(obj_entry);
+
 			/*
 			 * we do not need to free the memory here, as the
 			 * buf is deleted by the caller.
 			 */
 			obj = parse_object_buffer(sha1, type, size, buf, &eaten);
 			if (!obj)
-				die("invalid %s", typename(type));
+				die(_("invalid %s"), typename(type));
 			if (fsck_object(obj, 1, fsck_error_function))
-				die("Error in object");
+				die(_("Error in object"));
 			if (fsck_walk(obj, mark_link, NULL))
-				die("Not all child objects of %s are reachable", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+				die(_("Not all child objects of %s are reachable"), sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 
 			if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
 				struct tree *item = (struct tree *) obj;
@@ -496,36 +760,69 @@
 			}
 			obj->flags |= FLAG_CHECKED;
 		}
+		read_unlock();
 	}
+
+	free(new_data);
 }
 
-static int is_delta_type(enum object_type type)
-{
-	return (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
-}
-
+/*
+ * This function is part of find_unresolved_deltas(). There are two
+ * walkers going in the opposite ways.
+ *
+ * The first one in find_unresolved_deltas() traverses down from
+ * parent node to children, deflating nodes along the way. However,
+ * memory for deflated nodes is limited by delta_base_cache_limit, so
+ * at some point parent node's deflated content may be freed.
+ *
+ * The second walker is this function, which goes from current node up
+ * to top parent if necessary to deflate the node. In normal
+ * situation, its parent node would be already deflated, so it just
+ * needs to apply delta.
+ *
+ * In the worst case scenario, parent node is no longer deflated because
+ * we're running out of delta_base_cache_limit; we need to re-deflate
+ * parents, possibly up to the top base.
+ *
+ * All deflated objects here are subject to be freed if we exceed
+ * delta_base_cache_limit, just like in find_unresolved_deltas(), we
+ * just need to make sure the last node is not freed.
+ */
 static void *get_base_data(struct base_data *c)
 {
 	if (!c->data) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = c->obj;
+		struct base_data **delta = NULL;
+		int delta_nr = 0, delta_alloc = 0;
 
-		if (is_delta_type(obj->type)) {
-			void *base = get_base_data(c->base);
-			void *raw = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+		while (is_delta_type(c->obj->type) && !c->data) {
+			ALLOC_GROW(delta, delta_nr + 1, delta_alloc);
+			delta[delta_nr++] = c;
+			c = c->base;
+		}
+		if (!delta_nr) {
+			c->data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
+			c->size = obj->size;
+			get_thread_data()->base_cache_used += c->size;
+			prune_base_data(c);
+		}
+		for (; delta_nr > 0; delta_nr--) {
+			void *base, *raw;
+			c = delta[delta_nr - 1];
+			obj = c->obj;
+			base = get_base_data(c->base);
+			raw = get_data_from_pack(obj);
 			c->data = patch_delta(
 				base, c->base->size,
 				raw, obj->size,
 				&c->size);
 			free(raw);
 			if (!c->data)
-				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, "failed to apply delta");
-		} else {
-			c->data = get_data_from_pack(obj);
-			c->size = obj->size;
+				bad_object(obj->idx.offset, _("failed to apply delta"));
+			get_thread_data()->base_cache_used += c->size;
+			prune_base_data(c);
 		}
-
-		base_cache_used += c->size;
-		prune_base_data(c);
+		free(delta);
 	}
 	return c->data;
 }
@@ -547,64 +844,86 @@
 				   delta_data, delta_obj->size, &result->size);
 	free(delta_data);
 	if (!result->data)
-		bad_object(delta_obj->idx.offset, "failed to apply delta");
-	sha1_object(result->data, result->size, delta_obj->real_type,
+		bad_object(delta_obj->idx.offset, _("failed to apply delta"));
+	hash_sha1_file(result->data, result->size,
+		       typename(delta_obj->real_type), delta_obj->idx.sha1);
+	sha1_object(result->data, NULL, result->size, delta_obj->real_type,
 		    delta_obj->idx.sha1);
+	counter_lock();
 	nr_resolved_deltas++;
+	counter_unlock();
 }
 
-static void find_unresolved_deltas(struct base_data *base,
-				   struct base_data *prev_base)
+static struct base_data *find_unresolved_deltas_1(struct base_data *base,
+						  struct base_data *prev_base)
 {
-	int i, ref_first, ref_last, ofs_first, ofs_last;
-
-	/*
-	 * This is a recursive function. Those brackets should help reducing
-	 * stack usage by limiting the scope of the delta_base union.
-	 */
-	{
+	if (base->ref_last == -1 && base->ofs_last == -1) {
 		union delta_base base_spec;
 
 		hashcpy(base_spec.sha1, base->obj->idx.sha1);
 		find_delta_children(&base_spec,
-				    &ref_first, &ref_last, OBJ_REF_DELTA);
+				    &base->ref_first, &base->ref_last, OBJ_REF_DELTA);
 
 		memset(&base_spec, 0, sizeof(base_spec));
 		base_spec.offset = base->obj->idx.offset;
 		find_delta_children(&base_spec,
-				    &ofs_first, &ofs_last, OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
+				    &base->ofs_first, &base->ofs_last, OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
+
+		if (base->ref_last == -1 && base->ofs_last == -1) {
+			free(base->data);
+			return NULL;
+		}
+
+		link_base_data(prev_base, base);
 	}
 
-	if (ref_last == -1 && ofs_last == -1) {
-		free(base->data);
-		return;
-	}
-
-	link_base_data(prev_base, base);
-
-	for (i = ref_first; i <= ref_last; i++) {
-		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[i].obj_no;
-		struct base_data result;
+	if (base->ref_first <= base->ref_last) {
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[base->ref_first].obj_no;
+		struct base_data *result = alloc_base_data();
 
 		assert(child->real_type == OBJ_REF_DELTA);
-		resolve_delta(child, base, &result);
-		if (i == ref_last && ofs_last == -1)
+		resolve_delta(child, base, result);
+		if (base->ref_first == base->ref_last && base->ofs_last == -1)
 			free_base_data(base);
-		find_unresolved_deltas(&result, base);
+
+		base->ref_first++;
+		return result;
 	}
 
-	for (i = ofs_first; i <= ofs_last; i++) {
-		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[i].obj_no;
-		struct base_data result;
+	if (base->ofs_first <= base->ofs_last) {
+		struct object_entry *child = objects + deltas[base->ofs_first].obj_no;
+		struct base_data *result = alloc_base_data();
 
 		assert(child->real_type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA);
-		resolve_delta(child, base, &result);
-		if (i == ofs_last)
+		resolve_delta(child, base, result);
+		if (base->ofs_first == base->ofs_last)
 			free_base_data(base);
-		find_unresolved_deltas(&result, base);
+
+		base->ofs_first++;
+		return result;
 	}
 
 	unlink_base_data(base);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void find_unresolved_deltas(struct base_data *base)
+{
+	struct base_data *new_base, *prev_base = NULL;
+	for (;;) {
+		new_base = find_unresolved_deltas_1(base, prev_base);
+
+		if (new_base) {
+			prev_base = base;
+			base = new_base;
+		} else {
+			free(base);
+			base = prev_base;
+			if (!base)
+				return;
+			prev_base = base->base;
+		}
+	}
 }
 
 static int compare_delta_entry(const void *a, const void *b)
@@ -618,33 +937,68 @@
 				   objects[delta_b->obj_no].type);
 }
 
-/* Parse all objects and return the pack content SHA1 hash */
+static void resolve_base(struct object_entry *obj)
+{
+	struct base_data *base_obj = alloc_base_data();
+	base_obj->obj = obj;
+	base_obj->data = NULL;
+	find_unresolved_deltas(base_obj);
+}
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+static void *threaded_second_pass(void *data)
+{
+	set_thread_data(data);
+	for (;;) {
+		int i;
+		work_lock();
+		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
+		while (nr_dispatched < nr_objects &&
+		       is_delta_type(objects[nr_dispatched].type))
+			nr_dispatched++;
+		if (nr_dispatched >= nr_objects) {
+			work_unlock();
+			break;
+		}
+		i = nr_dispatched++;
+		work_unlock();
+
+		resolve_base(&objects[i]);
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * First pass:
+ * - find locations of all objects;
+ * - calculate SHA1 of all non-delta objects;
+ * - remember base (SHA1 or offset) for all deltas.
+ */
 static void parse_pack_objects(unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int i;
+	int i, nr_delays = 0;
 	struct delta_entry *delta = deltas;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	/*
-	 * First pass:
-	 * - find locations of all objects;
-	 * - calculate SHA1 of all non-delta objects;
-	 * - remember base (SHA1 or offset) for all deltas.
-	 */
 	if (verbose)
 		progress = start_progress(
-				from_stdin ? "Receiving objects" : "Indexing objects",
+				from_stdin ? _("Receiving objects") : _("Indexing objects"),
 				nr_objects);
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		void *data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base);
+		void *data = unpack_raw_entry(obj, &delta->base, obj->idx.sha1);
 		obj->real_type = obj->type;
 		if (is_delta_type(obj->type)) {
 			nr_deltas++;
 			delta->obj_no = i;
 			delta++;
+		} else if (!data) {
+			/* large blobs, check later */
+			obj->real_type = OBJ_BAD;
+			nr_delays++;
 		} else
-			sha1_object(data, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
+			sha1_object(data, NULL, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
 		free(data);
 		display_progress(progress, i+1);
 	}
@@ -655,15 +1009,39 @@
 	flush();
 	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &input_ctx);
 	if (hashcmp(fill(20), sha1))
-		die("pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)");
+		die(_("pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"));
 	use(20);
 
 	/* If input_fd is a file, we should have reached its end now. */
 	if (fstat(input_fd, &st))
-		die_errno("cannot fstat packfile");
+		die_errno(_("cannot fstat packfile"));
 	if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) &&
 			lseek(input_fd, 0, SEEK_CUR) - input_len != st.st_size)
-		die("pack has junk at the end");
+		die(_("pack has junk at the end"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
+		if (obj->real_type != OBJ_BAD)
+			continue;
+		obj->real_type = obj->type;
+		sha1_object(NULL, obj, obj->size, obj->type, obj->idx.sha1);
+		nr_delays--;
+	}
+	if (nr_delays)
+		die(_("confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Second pass:
+ * - for all non-delta objects, look if it is used as a base for
+ *   deltas;
+ * - if used as a base, uncompress the object and apply all deltas,
+ *   recursively checking if the resulting object is used as a base
+ *   for some more deltas.
+ */
+static void resolve_deltas(void)
+{
+	int i;
 
 	if (!nr_deltas)
 		return;
@@ -672,29 +1050,84 @@
 	qsort(deltas, nr_deltas, sizeof(struct delta_entry),
 	      compare_delta_entry);
 
-	/*
-	 * Second pass:
-	 * - for all non-delta objects, look if it is used as a base for
-	 *   deltas;
-	 * - if used as a base, uncompress the object and apply all deltas,
-	 *   recursively checking if the resulting object is used as a base
-	 *   for some more deltas.
-	 */
 	if (verbose)
-		progress = start_progress("Resolving deltas", nr_deltas);
+		progress = start_progress(_("Resolving deltas"), nr_deltas);
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	nr_dispatched = 0;
+	if (nr_threads > 1 || getenv("GIT_FORCE_THREADS")) {
+		init_thread();
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++) {
+			int ret = pthread_create(&thread_data[i].thread, NULL,
+						 threaded_second_pass, thread_data + i);
+			if (ret)
+				die(_("unable to create thread: %s"),
+				    strerror(ret));
+		}
+		for (i = 0; i < nr_threads; i++)
+			pthread_join(thread_data[i].thread, NULL);
+		cleanup_thread();
+		return;
+	}
+#endif
+
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *obj = &objects[i];
-		struct base_data base_obj;
 
 		if (is_delta_type(obj->type))
 			continue;
-		base_obj.obj = obj;
-		base_obj.data = NULL;
-		find_unresolved_deltas(&base_obj, NULL);
+		resolve_base(obj);
 		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
 	}
 }
 
+/*
+ * Third pass:
+ * - append objects to convert thin pack to full pack if required
+ * - write the final 20-byte SHA-1
+ */
+static void fix_unresolved_deltas(struct sha1file *f, int nr_unresolved);
+static void conclude_pack(int fix_thin_pack, const char *curr_pack, unsigned char *pack_sha1)
+{
+	if (nr_deltas == nr_resolved_deltas) {
+		stop_progress(&progress);
+		/* Flush remaining pack final 20-byte SHA1. */
+		flush();
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (fix_thin_pack) {
+		struct sha1file *f;
+		unsigned char read_sha1[20], tail_sha1[20];
+		char msg[48];
+		int nr_unresolved = nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas;
+		int nr_objects_initial = nr_objects;
+		if (nr_unresolved <= 0)
+			die(_("confusion beyond insanity"));
+		objects = xrealloc(objects,
+				   (nr_objects + nr_unresolved + 1)
+				   * sizeof(*objects));
+		f = sha1fd(output_fd, curr_pack);
+		fix_unresolved_deltas(f, nr_unresolved);
+		sprintf(msg, _("completed with %d local objects"),
+			nr_objects - nr_objects_initial);
+		stop_progress_msg(&progress, msg);
+		sha1close(f, tail_sha1, 0);
+		hashcpy(read_sha1, pack_sha1);
+		fixup_pack_header_footer(output_fd, pack_sha1,
+					 curr_pack, nr_objects,
+					 read_sha1, consumed_bytes-20);
+		if (hashcmp(read_sha1, tail_sha1) != 0)
+			die(_("Unexpected tail checksum for %s "
+			      "(disk corruption?)"), curr_pack);
+	}
+	if (nr_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas)
+		die(Q_("pack has %d unresolved delta",
+		       "pack has %d unresolved deltas",
+		       nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas),
+		    nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas);
+}
+
 static int write_compressed(struct sha1file *f, void *in, unsigned int size)
 {
 	git_zstream stream;
@@ -714,7 +1147,7 @@
 	} while (status == Z_OK);
 
 	if (status != Z_STREAM_END)
-		die("unable to deflate appended object (%d)", status);
+		die(_("unable to deflate appended object (%d)"), status);
 	size = stream.total_out;
 	git_deflate_end(&stream);
 	return size;
@@ -783,20 +1216,20 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		struct delta_entry *d = sorted_by_pos[i];
 		enum object_type type;
-		struct base_data base_obj;
+		struct base_data *base_obj = alloc_base_data();
 
 		if (objects[d->obj_no].real_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA)
 			continue;
-		base_obj.data = read_sha1_file(d->base.sha1, &type, &base_obj.size);
-		if (!base_obj.data)
+		base_obj->data = read_sha1_file(d->base.sha1, &type, &base_obj->size);
+		if (!base_obj->data)
 			continue;
 
-		if (check_sha1_signature(d->base.sha1, base_obj.data,
-				base_obj.size, typename(type)))
-			die("local object %s is corrupt", sha1_to_hex(d->base.sha1));
-		base_obj.obj = append_obj_to_pack(f, d->base.sha1,
-					base_obj.data, base_obj.size, type);
-		find_unresolved_deltas(&base_obj, NULL);
+		if (check_sha1_signature(d->base.sha1, base_obj->data,
+				base_obj->size, typename(type)))
+			die(_("local object %s is corrupt"), sha1_to_hex(d->base.sha1));
+		base_obj->obj = append_obj_to_pack(f, d->base.sha1,
+					base_obj->data, base_obj->size, type);
+		find_unresolved_deltas(base_obj);
 		display_progress(progress, nr_resolved_deltas);
 	}
 	free(sorted_by_pos);
@@ -817,7 +1250,7 @@
 		fsync_or_die(output_fd, curr_pack_name);
 		err = close(output_fd);
 		if (err)
-			die_errno("error while closing pack file");
+			die_errno(_("error while closing pack file"));
 	}
 
 	if (keep_msg) {
@@ -830,7 +1263,7 @@
 
 		if (keep_fd < 0) {
 			if (errno != EEXIST)
-				die_errno("cannot write keep file '%s'",
+				die_errno(_("cannot write keep file '%s'"),
 					  keep_name);
 		} else {
 			if (keep_msg_len > 0) {
@@ -838,7 +1271,7 @@
 				write_or_die(keep_fd, "\n", 1);
 			}
 			if (close(keep_fd) != 0)
-				die_errno("cannot close written keep file '%s'",
+				die_errno(_("cannot close written keep file '%s'"),
 				    keep_name);
 			report = "keep";
 		}
@@ -851,7 +1284,7 @@
 			final_pack_name = name;
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_pack_name, final_pack_name))
-			die("cannot store pack file");
+			die(_("cannot store pack file"));
 	} else if (from_stdin)
 		chmod(final_pack_name, 0444);
 
@@ -862,7 +1295,7 @@
 			final_index_name = name;
 		}
 		if (move_temp_to_file(curr_index_name, final_index_name))
-			die("cannot store index file");
+			die(_("cannot store index file"));
 	} else
 		chmod(final_index_name, 0444);
 
@@ -895,7 +1328,19 @@
 	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.indexversion")) {
 		opts->version = git_config_int(k, v);
 		if (opts->version > 2)
-			die("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32, opts->version);
+			die(_("bad pack.indexversion=%"PRIu32), opts->version);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.threads")) {
+		nr_threads = git_config_int(k, v);
+		if (nr_threads < 0)
+			die(_("invalid number of threads specified (%d)"),
+			    nr_threads);
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+		if (nr_threads != 1)
+			warning(_("no threads support, ignoring %s"), k);
+		nr_threads = 1;
+#endif
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
@@ -951,9 +1396,9 @@
 	struct packed_git *p = add_packed_git(pack_name, strlen(pack_name), 1);
 
 	if (!p)
-		die("Cannot open existing pack file '%s'", pack_name);
+		die(_("Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"), pack_name);
 	if (open_pack_index(p))
-		die("Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'", pack_name);
+		die(_("Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"), pack_name);
 
 	/* Read the attributes from the existing idx file */
 	opts->version = p->index_version;
@@ -1000,15 +1445,18 @@
 	}
 
 	if (baseobjects)
-		printf("non delta: %d object%s\n",
-		       baseobjects, baseobjects > 1 ? "s" : "");
+		printf_ln(Q_("non delta: %d object",
+			     "non delta: %d objects",
+			     baseobjects),
+			  baseobjects);
 	for (i = 0; i < deepest_delta; i++) {
 		if (!chain_histogram[i])
 			continue;
-		printf("chain length = %d: %lu object%s\n",
-		       i + 1,
-		       chain_histogram[i],
-		       chain_histogram[i] > 1 ? "s" : "");
+		printf_ln(Q_("chain length = %d: %lu object",
+			     "chain length = %d: %lu objects",
+			     chain_histogram[i]),
+			  i + 1,
+			  chain_histogram[i]);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1031,7 +1479,7 @@
 	reset_pack_idx_option(&opts);
 	git_config(git_index_pack_config, &opts);
 	if (prefix && chdir(prefix))
-		die("Cannot come back to cwd");
+		die(_("Cannot come back to cwd"));
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
@@ -1056,6 +1504,17 @@
 				keep_msg = "";
 			} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--keep=")) {
 				keep_msg = arg + 7;
+			} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--threads=")) {
+				char *end;
+				nr_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
+				if (!arg[10] || *end || nr_threads < 0)
+					usage(index_pack_usage);
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+				if (nr_threads != 1)
+					warning(_("no threads support, "
+						  "ignoring %s"), arg);
+				nr_threads = 1;
+#endif
 			} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--pack_header=")) {
 				struct pack_header *hdr;
 				char *c;
@@ -1064,10 +1523,10 @@
 				hdr->hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
 				hdr->hdr_version = htonl(strtoul(arg + 14, &c, 10));
 				if (*c != ',')
-					die("bad %s", arg);
+					die(_("bad %s"), arg);
 				hdr->hdr_entries = htonl(strtoul(c + 1, &c, 10));
 				if (*c)
-					die("bad %s", arg);
+					die(_("bad %s"), arg);
 				input_len = sizeof(*hdr);
 			} else if (!strcmp(arg, "-v")) {
 				verbose = 1;
@@ -1079,11 +1538,11 @@
 				char *c;
 				opts.version = strtoul(arg + 16, &c, 10);
 				if (opts.version > 2)
-					die("bad %s", arg);
+					die(_("bad %s"), arg);
 				if (*c == ',')
 					opts.off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
 				if (*c || opts.off32_limit & 0x80000000)
-					die("bad %s", arg);
+					die(_("bad %s"), arg);
 			} else
 				usage(index_pack_usage);
 			continue;
@@ -1097,11 +1556,11 @@
 	if (!pack_name && !from_stdin)
 		usage(index_pack_usage);
 	if (fix_thin_pack && !from_stdin)
-		die("--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin");
+		die(_("--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"));
 	if (!index_name && pack_name) {
 		int len = strlen(pack_name);
 		if (!has_extension(pack_name, ".pack"))
-			die("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'",
+			die(_("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"),
 			    pack_name);
 		index_name_buf = xmalloc(len);
 		memcpy(index_name_buf, pack_name, len - 5);
@@ -1111,7 +1570,7 @@
 	if (keep_msg && !keep_name && pack_name) {
 		int len = strlen(pack_name);
 		if (!has_extension(pack_name, ".pack"))
-			die("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'",
+			die(_("packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"),
 			    pack_name);
 		keep_name_buf = xmalloc(len);
 		memcpy(keep_name_buf, pack_name, len - 5);
@@ -1120,50 +1579,29 @@
 	}
 	if (verify) {
 		if (!index_name)
-			die("--verify with no packfile name given");
+			die(_("--verify with no packfile name given"));
 		read_idx_option(&opts, index_name);
-		opts.flags |= WRITE_IDX_VERIFY;
+		opts.flags |= WRITE_IDX_VERIFY | WRITE_IDX_STRICT;
 	}
+	if (strict)
+		opts.flags |= WRITE_IDX_STRICT;
+
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (!nr_threads) {
+		nr_threads = online_cpus();
+		/* An experiment showed that more threads does not mean faster */
+		if (nr_threads > 3)
+			nr_threads = 3;
+	}
+#endif
 
 	curr_pack = open_pack_file(pack_name);
 	parse_pack_header();
 	objects = xcalloc(nr_objects + 1, sizeof(struct object_entry));
 	deltas = xcalloc(nr_objects, sizeof(struct delta_entry));
 	parse_pack_objects(pack_sha1);
-	if (nr_deltas == nr_resolved_deltas) {
-		stop_progress(&progress);
-		/* Flush remaining pack final 20-byte SHA1. */
-		flush();
-	} else {
-		if (fix_thin_pack) {
-			struct sha1file *f;
-			unsigned char read_sha1[20], tail_sha1[20];
-			char msg[48];
-			int nr_unresolved = nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas;
-			int nr_objects_initial = nr_objects;
-			if (nr_unresolved <= 0)
-				die("confusion beyond insanity");
-			objects = xrealloc(objects,
-					   (nr_objects + nr_unresolved + 1)
-					   * sizeof(*objects));
-			f = sha1fd(output_fd, curr_pack);
-			fix_unresolved_deltas(f, nr_unresolved);
-			sprintf(msg, "completed with %d local objects",
-				nr_objects - nr_objects_initial);
-			stop_progress_msg(&progress, msg);
-			sha1close(f, tail_sha1, 0);
-			hashcpy(read_sha1, pack_sha1);
-			fixup_pack_header_footer(output_fd, pack_sha1,
-						 curr_pack, nr_objects,
-						 read_sha1, consumed_bytes-20);
-			if (hashcmp(read_sha1, tail_sha1) != 0)
-				die("Unexpected tail checksum for %s "
-				    "(disk corruption?)", curr_pack);
-		}
-		if (nr_deltas != nr_resolved_deltas)
-			die("pack has %d unresolved deltas",
-			    nr_deltas - nr_resolved_deltas);
-	}
+	resolve_deltas();
+	conclude_pack(fix_thin_pack, curr_pack, pack_sha1);
 	free(deltas);
 	if (strict)
 		check_objects();
diff --git a/builtin/init-db.c b/builtin/init-db.c
index d07554c..78aa387 100644
--- a/builtin/init-db.c
+++ b/builtin/init-db.c
@@ -290,6 +290,7 @@
 		strcpy(path + len, "CoNfIg");
 		if (!access(path, F_OK))
 			git_config_set("core.ignorecase", "true");
+		probe_utf8_pathname_composition(path, len);
 	}
 
 	return reinit;
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@
 		else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 			src = git_link;
 		else
-			die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), st.st_mode);
+			die(_("unable to handle file type %d"), (int)st.st_mode);
 
 		if (rename(src, git_dir))
 			die_errno(_("unable to move %s to %s"), src, git_dir);
@@ -463,7 +464,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char *const init_db_usage[] = {
-	"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]",
+	N_("git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared[=<permissions>]] [directory]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -481,17 +482,17 @@
 	const char *template_dir = NULL;
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
 	const struct option init_db_options[] = {
-		OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, "template-directory",
-				"directory from which templates will be used"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "template", &template_dir, N_("template-directory"),
+				N_("directory from which templates will be used")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "bare", &is_bare_repository_cfg,
-				"create a bare repository", 1),
+				N_("create a bare repository"), 1),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "shared", &init_shared_repository,
-			"permissions",
-			"specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users",
+			N_("permissions"),
+			N_("specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, shared_callback, 0},
-		OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, "be quiet", INIT_DB_QUIET),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, "gitdir",
-			   "separate git dir from working tree"),
+		OPT_BIT('q', "quiet", &flags, N_("be quiet"), INIT_DB_QUIET),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "separate-git-dir", &real_git_dir, N_("gitdir"),
+			   N_("separate git dir from working tree")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/log.c b/builtin/log.c
index f5d4930..8f0b2e8 100644
--- a/builtin/log.c
+++ b/builtin/log.c
@@ -19,6 +19,10 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "branch.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
 
 /* Set a default date-time format for git log ("log.date" config variable) */
 static const char *default_date_mode = NULL;
@@ -27,12 +31,13 @@
 static int default_show_root = 1;
 static int decoration_style;
 static int decoration_given;
+static int use_mailmap_config;
 static const char *fmt_patch_subject_prefix = "PATCH";
 static const char *fmt_pretty;
 
 static const char * const builtin_log_usage[] = {
-	"git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
-	"   or: git show [options] <object>...",
+	N_("git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n")
+	N_("   or: git show [options] <object>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -72,12 +77,12 @@
 
 static void cmd_log_init_defaults(struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	rev->abbrev = DEFAULT_ABBREV;
-	rev->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
 	if (fmt_pretty)
 		get_commit_format(fmt_pretty, rev);
 	rev->verbose_header = 1;
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev->diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	rev->diffopt.stat_width = -1; /* use full terminal width */
+	rev->diffopt.stat_graph_width = -1; /* respect statGraphWidth config */
 	rev->abbrev_commit = default_abbrev_commit;
 	rev->show_root_diff = default_show_root;
 	rev->subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
@@ -91,24 +96,26 @@
 			 struct rev_info *rev, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
 	struct userformat_want w;
-	int quiet = 0, source = 0;
+	int quiet = 0, source = 0, mailmap = 0;
 
 	const struct option builtin_log_options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quiet", &quiet, "suppress diff output"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "source", &source, "show source"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "decorate", NULL, NULL, "decorate options",
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quiet", &quiet, N_("suppress diff output")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "source", &source, N_("show source")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "use-mailmap", &mailmap, N_("Use mail map file")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "decorate", NULL, NULL, N_("decorate options"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, decorate_callback},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	mailmap = use_mailmap_config;
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix,
 			     builtin_log_options, builtin_log_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
-	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, rev, opt);
 	if (quiet)
 		rev->diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
+	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, rev, opt);
 
 	/* Any arguments at this point are not recognized */
 	if (argc > 1)
@@ -133,6 +140,11 @@
 	if (source)
 		rev->show_source = 1;
 
+	if (mailmap) {
+		rev->mailmap = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
+		read_mailmap(rev->mailmap, NULL);
+	}
+
 	if (rev->pretty_given && rev->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_RAW) {
 		/*
 		 * "log --pretty=raw" is special; ignore UI oriented
@@ -348,7 +360,13 @@
 	}
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "color.decorate."))
 		return parse_decorate_color_config(var, 15, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "log.mailmap")) {
+		use_mailmap_config = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 
+	if (grep_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
+		return -1;
 	return git_diff_ui_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -357,6 +375,7 @@
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
+	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -364,6 +383,7 @@
 	rev.simplify_history = 0;
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
+	opt.revarg_opt = REVARG_COMMITTISH;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 	if (!rev.diffopt.output_format)
 		rev.diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_RAW;
@@ -382,8 +402,13 @@
 	strbuf_release(&out);
 }
 
-static int show_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int show_tag_object,
-	struct rev_info *rev)
+static int show_blob_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	fflush(stdout);
+	return stream_blob_to_fd(1, sha1, NULL, 0);
+}
+
+static int show_tag_object(const unsigned char *sha1, struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -393,16 +418,16 @@
 	if (!buf)
 		return error(_("Could not read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
-	if (show_tag_object)
-		while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
-			int new_offset = offset + 1;
-			while (new_offset < size && buf[new_offset++] != '\n')
-				; /* do nothing */
-			if (!prefixcmp(buf + offset, "tagger "))
-				show_tagger(buf + offset + 7,
-					    new_offset - offset - 7, rev);
-			offset = new_offset;
-		}
+	assert(type == OBJ_TAG);
+	while (offset < size && buf[offset] != '\n') {
+		int new_offset = offset + 1;
+		while (new_offset < size && buf[new_offset++] != '\n')
+			; /* do nothing */
+		if (!prefixcmp(buf + offset, "tagger "))
+			show_tagger(buf + offset + 7,
+				    new_offset - offset - 7, rev);
+		offset = new_offset;
+	}
 
 	if (offset < size)
 		fwrite(buf + offset, size - offset, 1, stdout);
@@ -441,18 +466,24 @@
 	struct pathspec match_all;
 	int i, count, ret = 0;
 
+	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_pathspec(&match_all, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.diff = 1;
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
-	rev.no_walk = 1;
+	rev.no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED;
+	rev.diffopt.stat_width = -1; 	/* Scale to real terminal size */
+
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
 	opt.tweak = show_rev_tweak_rev;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 
+	if (!rev.no_walk)
+		return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
+
 	count = rev.pending.nr;
 	objects = rev.pending.objects;
 	for (i = 0; i < count && !ret; i++) {
@@ -460,7 +491,7 @@
 		const char *name = objects[i].name;
 		switch (o->type) {
 		case OBJ_BLOB:
-			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 0, NULL);
+			ret = show_blob_object(o->sha1, NULL);
 			break;
 		case OBJ_TAG: {
 			struct tag *t = (struct tag *)o;
@@ -471,7 +502,7 @@
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_COMMIT),
 					t->tag,
 					diff_get_color_opt(&rev.diffopt, DIFF_RESET));
-			ret = show_object(o->sha1, 1, &rev);
+			ret = show_tag_object(o->sha1, &rev);
 			rev.shown_one = 1;
 			if (ret)
 				break;
@@ -516,6 +547,7 @@
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
+	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
@@ -538,12 +570,14 @@
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct setup_revision_opt opt;
 
+	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(git_log_config, NULL);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.always_show_header = 1;
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
 	opt.def = "HEAD";
+	opt.revarg_opt = REVARG_COMMITTISH;
 	cmd_log_init(argc, argv, prefix, &rev, &opt);
 	return cmd_log_walk(&rev);
 }
@@ -654,10 +688,11 @@
 static const char *output_directory = NULL;
 static int outdir_offset;
 
-static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *rev, int quiet)
+static int reopen_stdout(struct commit *commit, const char *subject,
+			 struct rev_info *rev, int quiet)
 {
 	struct strbuf filename = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int suffix_len = strlen(fmt_patch_suffix) + 1;
+	int suffix_len = strlen(rev->patch_suffix) + 1;
 
 	if (output_directory) {
 		strbuf_addstr(&filename, output_directory);
@@ -668,7 +703,12 @@
 			strbuf_addch(&filename, '/');
 	}
 
-	get_patch_filename(commit, rev->nr, fmt_patch_suffix, &filename);
+	if (rev->numbered_files)
+		strbuf_addf(&filename, "%d", rev->nr);
+	else if (commit)
+		fmt_output_commit(&filename, commit, rev);
+	else
+		fmt_output_subject(&filename, subject, rev);
 
 	if (!quiet)
 		fprintf(realstdout, "%s\n", filename.buf + outdir_offset);
@@ -680,7 +720,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids, const char *prefix)
+static void get_patch_ids(struct rev_info *rev, struct patch_ids *ids)
 {
 	struct rev_info check_rev;
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -701,7 +741,8 @@
 	init_patch_ids(ids);
 
 	/* given a range a..b get all patch ids for b..a */
-	init_revisions(&check_rev, prefix);
+	init_revisions(&check_rev, rev->prefix);
+	check_rev.max_parents = 1;
 	o1->flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 	o2->flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 	add_pending_object(&check_rev, o1, "o1");
@@ -710,10 +751,6 @@
 		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&check_rev)) != NULL) {
-		/* ignore merges */
-		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
-			continue;
-
 		add_commit_patch_id(commit, ids);
 	}
 
@@ -728,15 +765,10 @@
 
 static void gen_message_id(struct rev_info *info, char *base)
 {
-	const char *committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME);
-	const char *email_start = strrchr(committer, '<');
-	const char *email_end = strrchr(committer, '>');
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (!email_start || !email_end || email_start > email_end - 1)
-		die(_("Could not extract email from committer identity."));
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%.*s", base,
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s.%lu.git.%s", base,
 		    (unsigned long) time(NULL),
-		    (int)(email_end - email_start - 1), email_start + 1);
+		    git_committer_info(IDENT_NO_NAME|IDENT_NO_DATE|IDENT_STRICT));
 	info->message_id = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -746,10 +778,23 @@
 		printf("-- \n%s\n\n", signature);
 }
 
+static void add_branch_description(struct strbuf *buf, const char *branch_name)
+{
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (!branch_name || !*branch_name)
+		return;
+	read_branch_desc(&desc, branch_name);
+	if (desc.len) {
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
+		strbuf_add(buf, desc.buf, desc.len);
+		strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
+	}
+}
+
 static void make_cover_letter(struct rev_info *rev, int use_stdout,
-			      int numbered, int numbered_files,
 			      struct commit *origin,
 			      int nr, struct commit **list, struct commit *head,
+			      const char *branch_name,
 			      int quiet)
 {
 	const char *committer;
@@ -761,7 +806,6 @@
 	const char *encoding = "UTF-8";
 	struct diff_options opts;
 	int need_8bit_cte = 0;
-	struct commit *commit = NULL;
 	struct pretty_print_context pp = {0};
 
 	if (rev->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
@@ -769,31 +813,10 @@
 
 	committer = git_committer_info(0);
 
-	if (!numbered_files) {
-		/*
-		 * We fake a commit for the cover letter so we get the filename
-		 * desired.
-		 */
-		commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*commit));
-		commit->buffer = xmalloc(400);
-		snprintf(commit->buffer, 400,
-			"tree 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000\n"
-			"parent %s\n"
-			"author %s\n"
-			"committer %s\n\n"
-			"cover letter\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1), committer, committer);
-	}
-
-	if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(commit, rev, quiet))
+	if (!use_stdout &&
+	    reopen_stdout(NULL, rev->numbered_files ? NULL : "cover-letter", rev, quiet))
 		return;
 
-	if (commit) {
-
-		free(commit->buffer);
-		free(commit);
-	}
-
 	log_write_email_headers(rev, head, &pp.subject, &pp.after_subject,
 				&need_8bit_cte);
 
@@ -807,6 +830,7 @@
 	pp_user_info(&pp, NULL, &sb, committer, encoding);
 	pp_title_line(&pp, &msg, &sb, encoding, need_8bit_cte);
 	pp_remainder(&pp, &msg, &sb, 0);
+	add_branch_description(&sb, branch_name);
 	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
 
 	strbuf_release(&sb);
@@ -886,7 +910,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const builtin_format_patch_usage[] = {
-	"git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]",
+	N_("git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -1006,6 +1030,45 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static char *find_branch_name(struct rev_info *rev)
+{
+	int i, positive = -1;
+	unsigned char branch_sha1[20];
+	const unsigned char *tip_sha1;
+	const char *ref;
+	char *full_ref, *branch = NULL;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < rev->cmdline.nr; i++) {
+		if (rev->cmdline.rev[i].flags & UNINTERESTING)
+			continue;
+		if (positive < 0)
+			positive = i;
+		else
+			return NULL;
+	}
+	if (0 <= positive) {
+		ref = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].name;
+		tip_sha1 = rev->cmdline.rev[positive].item->sha1;
+	} else if (!rev->cmdline.nr && rev->pending.nr == 1 &&
+		   !strcmp(rev->pending.objects[0].name, "HEAD")) {
+		/*
+		 * No actual ref from command line, but "HEAD" from
+		 * rev->def was added in setup_revisions()
+		 * e.g. format-patch --cover-letter -12
+		 */
+		ref = "HEAD";
+		tip_sha1 = rev->pending.objects[0].item->sha1;
+	} else {
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	if (dwim_ref(ref, strlen(ref), branch_sha1, &full_ref) &&
+	    !prefixcmp(full_ref, "refs/heads/") &&
+	    !hashcmp(tip_sha1, branch_sha1))
+		branch = xstrdup(full_ref + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+	free(full_ref);
+	return branch;
+}
+
 int cmd_format_patch(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct commit *commit;
@@ -1015,7 +1078,7 @@
 	int nr = 0, total, i;
 	int use_stdout = 0;
 	int start_number = -1;
-	int numbered_files = 0;		/* _just_ numbers */
+	int just_numbers = 0;
 	int ignore_if_in_upstream = 0;
 	int cover_letter = 0;
 	int boundary_count = 0;
@@ -1027,69 +1090,74 @@
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int use_patch_format = 0;
 	int quiet = 0;
+	int reroll_count = -1;
+	char *branch_name = NULL;
 	const struct option builtin_format_patch_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', "numbered", &numbered, NULL,
-			    "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch",
+			    N_("use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, numbered_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'N', "no-numbered", &numbered, NULL,
-			    "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches",
+			    N_("use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG, no_numbered_callback },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &do_signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdout", &use_stdout,
-			    "print patches to standard out"),
+			    N_("print patches to standard out")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "cover-letter", &cover_letter,
-			    "generate a cover letter"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numbered-files", &numbered_files,
-			    "use simple number sequence for output file names"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "suffix", &fmt_patch_suffix, "sfx",
-			    "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"),
+			    N_("generate a cover letter")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "numbered-files", &just_numbers,
+			    N_("use simple number sequence for output file names")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "suffix", &fmt_patch_suffix, N_("sfx"),
+			    N_("use <sfx> instead of '.patch'")),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "start-number", &start_number,
-			    "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, "prefix",
-			    "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]",
+			    N_("start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1")),
+		OPT_INTEGER('v', "reroll-count", &reroll_count,
+			    N_("mark the series as Nth re-roll")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "subject-prefix", &rev, N_("prefix"),
+			    N_("Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, subject_prefix_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'o', "output-directory", &output_directory,
-			    "dir", "store resulting files in <dir>",
+			    N_("dir"), N_("store resulting files in <dir>"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NONEG, output_directory_callback },
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'k', "keep-subject", &rev, NULL,
-			    "don't strip/add [PATCH]",
+			    N_("don't strip/add [PATCH]"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, keep_callback },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-binary", &no_binary_diff,
-			    "don't output binary diffs"),
+			    N_("don't output binary diffs")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ignore-if-in-upstream", &ignore_if_in_upstream,
-			    "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"),
+			    N_("don't include a patch matching a commit upstream")),
 		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 'p', "no-stat", &use_patch_format, NULL,
-		  "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)",
+		  N_("show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG },
-		OPT_GROUP("Messaging"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "add-header", NULL, "header",
-			    "add email header", 0, header_callback },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "to", NULL, "email", "add To: header",
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Messaging")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "add-header", NULL, N_("header"),
+			    N_("add email header"), 0, header_callback },
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "to", NULL, N_("email"), N_("add To: header"),
 			    0, to_callback },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "cc", NULL, "email", "add Cc: header",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "cc", NULL, N_("email"), N_("add Cc: header"),
 			    0, cc_callback },
-		OPT_STRING(0, "in-reply-to", &in_reply_to, "message-id",
-			    "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "attach", &rev, "boundary",
-			    "attach the patch", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
+		OPT_STRING(0, "in-reply-to", &in_reply_to, N_("message-id"),
+			    N_("make first mail a reply to <message-id>")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "attach", &rev, N_("boundary"),
+			    N_("attach the patch"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG,
 			    attach_callback },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "inline", &rev, "boundary",
-			    "inline the patch",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "inline", &rev, N_("boundary"),
+			    N_("inline the patch"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			    inline_callback },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "thread", &thread, "style",
-			    "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "thread", &thread, N_("style"),
+			    N_("enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, thread_callback },
-		OPT_STRING(0, "signature", &signature, "signature",
-			    "add a signature"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "signature", &signature, N_("signature"),
+			    N_("add a signature")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quiet", &quiet,
-			    "don't print the patch filenames"),
+			    N_("don't print the patch filenames")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	extra_hdr.strdup_strings = 1;
 	extra_to.strdup_strings = 1;
 	extra_cc.strdup_strings = 1;
+	init_grep_defaults();
 	git_config(git_format_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&rev, prefix);
 	rev.commit_format = CMIT_FMT_EMAIL;
@@ -1100,6 +1168,7 @@
 	rev.subject_prefix = fmt_patch_subject_prefix;
 	memset(&s_r_opt, 0, sizeof(s_r_opt));
 	s_r_opt.def = "HEAD";
+	s_r_opt.revarg_opt = REVARG_COMMITTISH;
 
 	if (default_attach) {
 		rev.mime_boundary = default_attach;
@@ -1116,10 +1185,18 @@
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 | PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN |
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
 
+	if (0 < reroll_count) {
+		struct strbuf sprefix = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&sprefix, "%s v%d",
+			    rev.subject_prefix, reroll_count);
+		rev.reroll_count = reroll_count;
+		rev.subject_prefix = strbuf_detach(&sprefix, NULL);
+	}
+
 	if (do_signoff) {
 		const char *committer;
 		const char *endpos;
-		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+		committer = git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
 		endpos = strchr(committer, '>');
 		if (!endpos)
 			die(_("bogus committer info %s"), committer);
@@ -1217,8 +1294,16 @@
 			 * origin" that prepares what the origin side still
 			 * does not have.
 			 */
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+			const char *ref;
+
 			rev.pending.objects[0].item->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 			add_head_to_pending(&rev);
+			ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
+			if (ref && !prefixcmp(ref, "refs/heads/"))
+				branch_name = xstrdup(ref + strlen("refs/heads/"));
+			else
+				branch_name = xstrdup(""); /* no branch */
 		}
 		/*
 		 * Otherwise, it is "format-patch -22 HEAD", and/or
@@ -1234,16 +1319,26 @@
 	rev.show_root_diff = 1;
 
 	if (cover_letter) {
-		/* remember the range */
+		/*
+		 * NEEDSWORK:randomly pick one positive commit to show
+		 * diffstat; this is often the tip and the command
+		 * happens to do the right thing in most cases, but a
+		 * complex command like "--cover-letter a b c ^bottom"
+		 * picks "c" and shows diffstat between bottom..c
+		 * which may not match what the series represents at
+		 * all and totally broken.
+		 */
 		int i;
 		for (i = 0; i < rev.pending.nr; i++) {
 			struct object *o = rev.pending.objects[i].item;
 			if (!(o->flags & UNINTERESTING))
 				head = (struct commit *)o;
 		}
-		/* We can't generate a cover letter without any patches */
+		/* There is nothing to show; it is not an error, though. */
 		if (!head)
 			return 0;
+		if (!branch_name)
+			branch_name = find_branch_name(&rev);
 	}
 
 	if (ignore_if_in_upstream) {
@@ -1253,7 +1348,7 @@
 			if (hashcmp(o[0].item->sha1, o[1].item->sha1) == 0)
 				return 0;
 		}
-		get_patch_ids(&rev, &ids, prefix);
+		get_patch_ids(&rev, &ids);
 	}
 
 	if (!use_stdout)
@@ -1288,13 +1383,13 @@
 		const char *msgid = clean_message_id(in_reply_to);
 		string_list_append(rev.ref_message_ids, msgid);
 	}
-	rev.numbered_files = numbered_files;
+	rev.numbered_files = just_numbers;
 	rev.patch_suffix = fmt_patch_suffix;
 	if (cover_letter) {
 		if (thread)
 			gen_message_id(&rev, "cover");
-		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout, numbered, numbered_files,
-				  origin, nr, list, head, quiet);
+		make_cover_letter(&rev, use_stdout,
+				  origin, nr, list, head, branch_name, quiet);
 		total++;
 		start_number--;
 	}
@@ -1339,8 +1434,8 @@
 			gen_message_id(&rev, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 		}
 
-		if (!use_stdout && reopen_stdout(numbered_files ? NULL : commit,
-						 &rev, quiet))
+		if (!use_stdout &&
+		    reopen_stdout(rev.numbered_files ? NULL : commit, NULL, &rev, quiet))
 			die(_("Failed to create output files"));
 		shown = log_tree_commit(&rev, commit);
 		free(commit->buffer);
@@ -1366,6 +1461,7 @@
 			fclose(stdout);
 	}
 	free(list);
+	free(branch_name);
 	string_list_clear(&extra_to, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&extra_cc, 0);
 	string_list_clear(&extra_hdr, 0);
@@ -1389,7 +1485,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const cherry_usage[] = {
-	"git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]",
+	N_("git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -1423,7 +1519,7 @@
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -1454,10 +1550,7 @@
 	}
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
-	revs.diff = 1;
-	revs.combine_merges = 0;
-	revs.ignore_merges = 1;
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs.diffopt, RECURSIVE);
+	revs.max_parents = 1;
 
 	if (add_pending_commit(head, &revs, 0))
 		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), head);
@@ -1471,7 +1564,7 @@
 			return 0;
 	}
 
-	get_patch_ids(&revs, &ids, prefix);
+	get_patch_ids(&revs, &ids);
 
 	if (limit && add_pending_commit(limit, &revs, UNINTERESTING))
 		die(_("Unknown commit %s"), limit);
@@ -1480,10 +1573,6 @@
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
 		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
-		/* ignore merges */
-		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next)
-			continue;
-
 		commit_list_insert(commit, &list);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/ls-files.c b/builtin/ls-files.c
index 7cff175..175e6e3 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-files.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-files.c
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 static char *ps_matched;
 static const char *with_tree;
 static int exc_given;
+static int exclude_args;
 
 static const char *tag_cached = "";
 static const char *tag_unmerged = "";
@@ -200,9 +201,19 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static int ce_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *check, struct cache_entry *ce)
+{
+	int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
+	return is_path_excluded(check, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), &dtype);
+}
+
 static void show_files(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	int i;
+	struct path_exclude_check check;
+
+	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
+		path_exclude_check_init(&check, dir);
 
 	/* For cached/deleted files we don't need to even do the readdir */
 	if (show_others || show_killed) {
@@ -215,9 +226,8 @@
 	if (show_cached | show_stage) {
 		for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
-			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED &&
-			    !excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype))
+			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
+			    !ce_excluded(&check, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (show_unmerged && !ce_stage(ce))
 				continue;
@@ -232,9 +242,8 @@
 			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 			struct stat st;
 			int err;
-			int dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-			if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED &&
-			    !excluded(dir, ce->name, &dtype))
+			if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
+			    !ce_excluded(&check, ce))
 				continue;
 			if (ce->ce_flags & CE_UPDATE)
 				continue;
@@ -247,6 +256,9 @@
 				show_ce_entry(tag_modified, ce);
 		}
 	}
+
+	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
+		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -326,7 +338,7 @@
 		matchbuf[0] = prefix;
 		matchbuf[1] = NULL;
 		init_pathspec(&pathspec, matchbuf);
-		pathspec.items[0].use_wildcard = 0;
+		pathspec.items[0].nowildcard_len = pathspec.items[0].len;
 	} else
 		init_pathspec(&pathspec, NULL);
 	if (read_tree(tree, 1, &pathspec))
@@ -394,7 +406,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const ls_files_usage[] = {
-	"git ls-files [options] [<file>...]",
+	N_("git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -409,10 +421,10 @@
 static int option_parse_exclude(const struct option *opt,
 				const char *arg, int unset)
 {
-	struct exclude_list *list = opt->value;
+	struct string_list *exclude_list = opt->value;
 
 	exc_given = 1;
-	add_exclude(arg, "", 0, list);
+	string_list_append(exclude_list, arg);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -441,62 +453,64 @@
 
 int cmd_ls_files(int argc, const char **argv, const char *cmd_prefix)
 {
-	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0;
+	int require_work_tree = 0, show_tag = 0, i;
 	const char *max_prefix;
 	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct string_list exclude_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct option builtin_ls_files_options[] = {
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'z', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-			"paths are separated with NUL character",
+			N_("paths are separated with NUL character"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_z },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('t', NULL, &show_tag,
-			"identify the file status with tags"),
+			N_("identify the file status with tags")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', NULL, &show_valid_bit,
-			"use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"),
+			N_("use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('c', "cached", &show_cached,
-			"show cached files in the output (default)"),
+			N_("show cached files in the output (default)")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "deleted", &show_deleted,
-			"show deleted files in the output"),
+			N_("show deleted files in the output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('m', "modified", &show_modified,
-			"show modified files in the output"),
+			N_("show modified files in the output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('o', "others", &show_others,
-			"show other files in the output"),
+			N_("show other files in the output")),
 		OPT_BIT('i', "ignored", &dir.flags,
-			"show ignored files in the output",
+			N_("show ignored files in the output"),
 			DIR_SHOW_IGNORED),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "stage", &show_stage,
-			"show staged contents' object name in the output"),
+			N_("show staged contents' object name in the output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', "killed", &show_killed,
-			"show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"),
+			N_("show files on the filesystem that need to be removed")),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "directory", &dir.flags,
-			"show 'other' directories' name only",
+			N_("show 'other' directories' name only"),
 			DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "empty-directory", &dir.flags,
-			"don't show empty directories",
+			N_("don't show empty directories"),
 			DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('u', "unmerged", &show_unmerged,
-			"show unmerged files in the output"),
+			N_("show unmerged files in the output")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "resolve-undo", &show_resolve_undo,
-			    "show resolve-undo information"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &dir.exclude_list[EXC_CMDL], "pattern",
-			"skip files matching pattern",
+			    N_("show resolve-undo information")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'x', "exclude", &exclude_list, N_("pattern"),
+			N_("skip files matching pattern"),
 			0, option_parse_exclude },
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'X', "exclude-from", &dir, "file",
-			"exclude patterns are read from <file>",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'X', "exclude-from", &dir, N_("file"),
+			N_("exclude patterns are read from <file>"),
 			0, option_parse_exclude_from },
-		OPT_STRING(0, "exclude-per-directory", &dir.exclude_per_dir, "file",
-			"read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "exclude-per-directory", &dir.exclude_per_dir, N_("file"),
+			N_("read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>")),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-standard", &dir, NULL,
-			"add the standard git exclusions",
+			N_("add the standard git exclusions"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_exclude_standard },
 		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "full-name", &prefix_len, NULL,
-			"make the output relative to the project top directory",
+			N_("make the output relative to the project top directory"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL },
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "error-unmatch", &error_unmatch,
-			"if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "with-tree", &with_tree, "tree-ish",
-			"pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"),
+			N_("if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "with-tree", &with_tree, N_("tree-ish"),
+			N_("pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present")),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug", &debug_mode, "show debugging data"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "debug", &debug_mode, N_("show debugging data")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -514,6 +528,10 @@
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_ls_files_options,
 			ls_files_usage, 0);
+	el = add_exclude_list(&dir, EXC_CMDL, "--exclude option");
+	for (i = 0; i < exclude_list.nr; i++) {
+		add_exclude(exclude_list.items[i].string, "", 0, el, --exclude_args);
+	}
 	if (show_tag || show_valid_bit) {
 		tag_cached = "H ";
 		tag_unmerged = "M ";
diff --git a/builtin/ls-remote.c b/builtin/ls-remote.c
index 41c88a9..25e83cf 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-remote.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-remote.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 
 static const char ls_remote_usage[] =
 "git ls-remote [--heads] [--tags]  [-u <exec> | --upload-pack <exec>]\n"
-"                     [-q|--quiet] [--exit-code] [<repository> [<refs>...]]";
+"                     [-q|--quiet] [--exit-code] [--get-url] [<repository> [<refs>...]]";
 
 /*
  * Is there one among the list of patterns that match the tail part
diff --git a/builtin/ls-tree.c b/builtin/ls-tree.c
index 6b666e1..fb76e38 100644
--- a/builtin/ls-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/ls-tree.c
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 static const char *ls_tree_prefix;
 
 static const  char * const ls_tree_usage[] = {
-	"git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]",
+	N_("git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -122,25 +122,25 @@
 	struct tree *tree;
 	int i, full_tree = 0;
 	const struct option ls_tree_options[] = {
-		OPT_BIT('d', NULL, &ls_options, "only show trees",
+		OPT_BIT('d', NULL, &ls_options, N_("only show trees"),
 			LS_TREE_ONLY),
-		OPT_BIT('r', NULL, &ls_options, "recurse into subtrees",
+		OPT_BIT('r', NULL, &ls_options, N_("recurse into subtrees"),
 			LS_RECURSIVE),
-		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &ls_options, "show trees when recursing",
+		OPT_BIT('t', NULL, &ls_options, N_("show trees when recursing"),
 			LS_SHOW_TREES),
 		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination,
-			    "terminate entries with NUL byte", 0),
-		OPT_BIT('l', "long", &ls_options, "include object size",
+			    N_("terminate entries with NUL byte"), 0),
+		OPT_BIT('l', "long", &ls_options, N_("include object size"),
 			LS_SHOW_SIZE),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "name-only", &ls_options, "list only filenames",
+		OPT_BIT(0, "name-only", &ls_options, N_("list only filenames"),
 			LS_NAME_ONLY),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "name-status", &ls_options, "list only filenames",
+		OPT_BIT(0, "name-status", &ls_options, N_("list only filenames"),
 			LS_NAME_ONLY),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "full-name", &chomp_prefix,
-			    "use full path names", 0),
+			    N_("use full path names"), 0),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "full-tree", &full_tree,
-			    "list entire tree; not just current directory "
-			    "(implies --full-name)"),
+			    N_("list entire tree; not just current directory "
+			       "(implies --full-name)")),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@
 
 	init_pathspec(&pathspec, get_pathspec(prefix, argv + 1));
 	for (i = 0; i < pathspec.nr; i++)
-		pathspec.items[i].use_wildcard = 0;
+		pathspec.items[i].nowildcard_len = pathspec.items[i].len;
 	pathspec.has_wildcard = 0;
 	tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
 	if (!tree)
diff --git a/builtin/mailinfo.c b/builtin/mailinfo.c
index bfb32b7..24a772d 100644
--- a/builtin/mailinfo.c
+++ b/builtin/mailinfo.c
@@ -19,9 +19,6 @@
 static enum  {
 	TE_DONTCARE, TE_QP, TE_BASE64
 } transfer_encoding;
-static enum  {
-	TYPE_TEXT, TYPE_OTHER
-} message_type;
 
 static struct strbuf charset = STRBUF_INIT;
 static int patch_lines;
@@ -160,10 +157,9 @@
 	const char *ends, *ap = strcasestr(line, name);
 	size_t sz;
 
-	if (!ap) {
-		strbuf_setlen(attr, 0);
+	strbuf_setlen(attr, 0);
+	if (!ap)
 		return 0;
-	}
 	ap += strlen(name);
 	if (*ap == '"') {
 		ap++;
@@ -185,8 +181,6 @@
 	struct strbuf *boundary = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
 	strbuf_init(boundary, line->len);
 
-	if (!strcasestr(line->buf, "text/"))
-		 message_type = TYPE_OTHER;
 	if (slurp_attr(line->buf, "boundary=", boundary)) {
 		strbuf_insert(boundary, 0, "--", 2);
 		if (++content_top > &content[MAX_BOUNDARIES]) {
@@ -232,7 +226,9 @@
 		case 'r': case 'R':
 			if (subject->len <= at + 3)
 				break;
-			if (!memcmp(subject->buf + at + 1, "e:", 2)) {
+			if ((subject->buf[at + 1] == 'e' ||
+			     subject->buf[at + 1] == 'E') &&
+			    subject->buf[at + 2] == ':') {
 				strbuf_remove(subject, at, 3);
 				continue;
 			}
@@ -250,8 +246,17 @@
 			    (7 <= remove &&
 			     memmem(subject->buf + at, remove, "PATCH", 5)))
 				strbuf_remove(subject, at, remove);
-			else
+			else {
 				at += remove;
+				/*
+				 * If the input had a space after the ], keep
+				 * it.  We don't bother with finding the end of
+				 * the space, since we later normalize it
+				 * anyway.
+				 */
+				if (isspace(subject->buf[at]))
+					at += 1;
+			}
 			continue;
 		}
 		break;
@@ -472,37 +477,14 @@
 	return out;
 }
 
-/*
- * When there is no known charset, guess.
- *
- * Right now we assume that if the target is UTF-8 (the default),
- * and it already looks like UTF-8 (which includes US-ASCII as its
- * subset, of course) then that is what it is and there is nothing
- * to do.
- *
- * Otherwise, we default to assuming it is Latin1 for historical
- * reasons.
- */
-static const char *guess_charset(const struct strbuf *line, const char *target_charset)
-{
-	if (is_encoding_utf8(target_charset)) {
-		if (is_utf8(line->buf))
-			return NULL;
-	}
-	return "ISO8859-1";
-}
-
 static void convert_to_utf8(struct strbuf *line, const char *charset)
 {
 	char *out;
 
-	if (!charset || !*charset) {
-		charset = guess_charset(line, metainfo_charset);
-		if (!charset)
-			return;
-	}
+	if (!charset || !*charset)
+		return;
 
-	if (!strcasecmp(metainfo_charset, charset))
+	if (same_encoding(metainfo_charset, charset))
 		return;
 	out = reencode_string(line->buf, metainfo_charset, charset);
 	if (!out)
@@ -671,7 +653,6 @@
 	/* set some defaults */
 	transfer_encoding = TE_DONTCARE;
 	strbuf_reset(&charset);
-	message_type = TYPE_TEXT;
 
 	/* slurp in this section's info */
 	while (read_one_header_line(&line, fin))
@@ -885,11 +866,6 @@
 			strbuf_insert(&line, 0, prev.buf, prev.len);
 			strbuf_reset(&prev);
 
-			/* binary data most likely doesn't have newlines */
-			if (message_type != TYPE_TEXT) {
-				handle_filter(&line);
-				break;
-			}
 			/*
 			 * This is a decoded line that may contain
 			 * multiple new lines.  Pass only one chunk
diff --git a/builtin/merge-base.c b/builtin/merge-base.c
index 4f30f1b..1bc7991 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-base.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-base.c
@@ -23,9 +23,10 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const merge_base_usage[] = {
-	"git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>...",
-	"git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>...",
-	"git merge-base --independent <commit>...",
+	N_("git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."),
+	N_("git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."),
+	N_("git merge-base --independent <commit>..."),
+	N_("git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -70,6 +71,20 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int handle_is_ancestor(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct commit *one, *two;
+
+	if (argc != 2)
+		die("--is-ancestor takes exactly two commits");
+	one = get_commit_reference(argv[0]);
+	two = get_commit_reference(argv[1]);
+	if (in_merge_bases(one, two))
+		return 0;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
 int cmd_merge_base(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct commit **rev;
@@ -77,11 +92,14 @@
 	int show_all = 0;
 	int octopus = 0;
 	int reduce = 0;
+	int is_ancestor = 0;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, "output all common ancestors"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "octopus", &octopus, "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "independent", &reduce, "list revs not reachable from others"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &show_all, N_("output all common ancestors")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "octopus", &octopus, N_("find ancestors for a single n-way merge")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "independent", &reduce, N_("list revs not reachable from others")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "is-ancestor", &is_ancestor,
+			    N_("is the first one ancestor of the other?")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -89,6 +107,10 @@
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, merge_base_usage, 0);
 	if (!octopus && !reduce && argc < 2)
 		usage_with_options(merge_base_usage, options);
+	if (is_ancestor && (show_all | octopus | reduce))
+		die("--is-ancestor cannot be used with other options");
+	if (is_ancestor)
+		return handle_is_ancestor(argc, argv);
 	if (reduce && (show_all || octopus))
 		die("--independent cannot be used with other options");
 
diff --git a/builtin/merge-file.c b/builtin/merge-file.c
index 237abd3..c0570f2 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-file.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-file.c
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char *const merge_file_usage[] = {
-	"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2",
+	N_("git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file file2"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -30,19 +30,19 @@
 	int quiet = 0;
 	int prefixlen = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, "send results to standard output"),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, "use a diff3 based merge", XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "ours", &xmp.favor, "for conflicts, use our version",
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "stdout", &to_stdout, N_("send results to standard output")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "diff3", &xmp.style, N_("use a diff3 based merge"), XDL_MERGE_DIFF3),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "ours", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use our version"),
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "theirs", &xmp.favor, "for conflicts, use their version",
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "theirs", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use their version"),
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "union", &xmp.favor, "for conflicts, use a union version",
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "union", &xmp.favor, N_("for conflicts, use a union version"),
 			    XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_UNION),
 		OPT_INTEGER(0, "marker-size", &xmp.marker_size,
-			    "for conflicts, use this marker size"),
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not warn about conflicts"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, names, "name",
-			     "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2", &label_cb),
+			    N_("for conflicts, use this marker size")),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not warn about conflicts")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('L', NULL, names, N_("name"),
+			     N_("set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"), &label_cb),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@
 	if (quiet) {
 		if (!freopen("/dev/null", "w", stderr))
 			return error("failed to redirect stderr to /dev/null: "
-				     "%s\n", strerror(errno));
+				     "%s", strerror(errno));
 	}
 
 	if (prefix)
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@
 		if (read_mmfile(mmfs + i, fname))
 			return -1;
 		if (buffer_is_binary(mmfs[i].ptr, mmfs[i].size))
-			return error("Cannot merge binary files: %s\n",
+			return error("Cannot merge binary files: %s",
 					argv[i]);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/merge-index.c b/builtin/merge-index.c
index 2338832..be5e514 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-index.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-index.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@
 	return found;
 }
 
-static void merge_file(const char *path)
+static void merge_one_path(const char *path)
 {
 	int pos = cache_name_pos(path, strlen(path));
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 			}
 			die("git merge-index: unknown option %s", arg);
 		}
-		merge_file(arg);
+		merge_one_path(arg);
 	}
 	if (err && !quiet)
 		die("merge program failed");
diff --git a/builtin/merge-tree.c b/builtin/merge-tree.c
index 897a563..e0d0b7d 100644
--- a/builtin/merge-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/merge-tree.c
@@ -3,17 +3,15 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "merge-file.h"
+#include "merge-blobs.h"
 
 static const char merge_tree_usage[] = "git merge-tree <base-tree> <branch1> <branch2>";
-static int resolve_directories = 1;
 
 struct merge_list {
 	struct merge_list *next;
 	struct merge_list *link;	/* other stages for this object */
 
-	unsigned int stage : 2,
-		     flags : 30;
+	unsigned int stage : 2;
 	unsigned int mode;
 	const char *path;
 	struct blob *blob;
@@ -27,7 +25,7 @@
 	merge_result_end = &entry->next;
 }
 
-static void merge_trees(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base);
+static void merge_trees_recursive(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base, int df_conflict);
 
 static const char *explanation(struct merge_list *entry)
 {
@@ -76,7 +74,7 @@
 	their = NULL;
 	if (entry)
 		their = entry->blob;
-	return merge_file(path, base, our, their, size);
+	return merge_blobs(path, base, our, their, size);
 }
 
 static void *origin(struct merge_list *entry, unsigned long *size)
@@ -174,17 +172,17 @@
 	return make_traverse_path(path, info, n);
 }
 
-static void resolve(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry *branch1, struct name_entry *result)
+static void resolve(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry *ours, struct name_entry *result)
 {
 	struct merge_list *orig, *final;
 	const char *path;
 
-	/* If it's already branch1, don't bother showing it */
-	if (!branch1)
+	/* If it's already ours, don't bother showing it */
+	if (!ours)
 		return;
 
 	path = traverse_path(info, result);
-	orig = create_entry(2, branch1->mode, branch1->sha1, path);
+	orig = create_entry(2, ours->mode, ours->sha1, path);
 	final = create_entry(0, result->mode, result->sha1, path);
 
 	final->link = orig;
@@ -192,34 +190,35 @@
 	add_merge_entry(final);
 }
 
-static int unresolved_directory(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
+static void unresolved_directory(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3],
+				 int df_conflict)
 {
 	char *newbase;
 	struct name_entry *p;
 	struct tree_desc t[3];
 	void *buf0, *buf1, *buf2;
 
-	if (!resolve_directories)
-		return 0;
-	p = n;
-	if (!p->mode) {
-		p++;
-		if (!p->mode)
-			p++;
+	for (p = n; p < n + 3; p++) {
+		if (p->mode && S_ISDIR(p->mode))
+			break;
 	}
-	if (!S_ISDIR(p->mode))
-		return 0;
+	if (n + 3 <= p)
+		return; /* there is no tree here */
+
 	newbase = traverse_path(info, p);
-	buf0 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+0, n[0].sha1);
-	buf1 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+1, n[1].sha1);
-	buf2 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+2, n[2].sha1);
-	merge_trees(t, newbase);
+
+#define ENTRY_SHA1(e) (((e)->mode && S_ISDIR((e)->mode)) ? (e)->sha1 : NULL)
+	buf0 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+0, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 0));
+	buf1 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+1, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 1));
+	buf2 = fill_tree_descriptor(t+2, ENTRY_SHA1(n + 2));
+#undef ENTRY_SHA1
+
+	merge_trees_recursive(t, newbase, df_conflict);
 
 	free(buf0);
 	free(buf1);
 	free(buf2);
 	free(newbase);
-	return 1;
 }
 
 
@@ -242,18 +241,26 @@
 static void unresolved(const struct traverse_info *info, struct name_entry n[3])
 {
 	struct merge_list *entry = NULL;
+	int i;
+	unsigned dirmask = 0, mask = 0;
 
-	if (unresolved_directory(info, n))
+	for (i = 0; i < 3; i++) {
+		mask |= (1 << 1);
+		if (n[i].mode && S_ISDIR(n[i].mode))
+			dirmask |= (1 << i);
+	}
+
+	unresolved_directory(info, n, dirmask && (dirmask != mask));
+
+	if (dirmask == mask)
 		return;
 
-	/*
-	 * Do them in reverse order so that the resulting link
-	 * list has the stages in order - link_entry adds new
-	 * links at the front.
-	 */
-	entry = link_entry(3, info, n + 2, entry);
-	entry = link_entry(2, info, n + 1, entry);
-	entry = link_entry(1, info, n + 0, entry);
+	if (n[2].mode && !S_ISDIR(n[2].mode))
+		entry = link_entry(3, info, n + 2, entry);
+	if (n[1].mode && !S_ISDIR(n[1].mode))
+		entry = link_entry(2, info, n + 1, entry);
+	if (n[0].mode && !S_ISDIR(n[0].mode))
+		entry = link_entry(1, info, n + 0, entry);
 
 	add_merge_entry(entry);
 }
@@ -292,20 +299,29 @@
 	/* Same in both? */
 	if (same_entry(entry+1, entry+2)) {
 		if (entry[0].sha1) {
+			/* Modified identically */
 			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
 			return mask;
 		}
+		/* "Both added the same" is left unresolved */
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+1)) {
 		if (entry[2].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[2].mode)) {
+			/* We did not touch, they modified -- take theirs */
 			resolve(info, entry+1, entry+2);
 			return mask;
 		}
+		/*
+		 * If we did not touch a directory but they made it
+		 * into a file, we fall through and unresolved()
+		 * recurses down.  Likewise for the opposite case.
+		 */
 	}
 
 	if (same_entry(entry+0, entry+2)) {
 		if (entry[1].sha1 && !S_ISDIR(entry[1].mode)) {
+			/* We modified, they did not touch -- take ours */
 			resolve(info, NULL, entry+1);
 			return mask;
 		}
@@ -315,15 +331,21 @@
 	return mask;
 }
 
-static void merge_trees(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base)
+static void merge_trees_recursive(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base, int df_conflict)
 {
 	struct traverse_info info;
 
 	setup_traverse_info(&info, base);
+	info.data = &df_conflict;
 	info.fn = threeway_callback;
 	traverse_trees(3, t, &info);
 }
 
+static void merge_trees(struct tree_desc t[3], const char *base)
+{
+	merge_trees_recursive(t, base, 0);
+}
+
 static void *get_tree_descriptor(struct tree_desc *desc, const char *rev)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
diff --git a/builtin/merge.c b/builtin/merge.c
index dffd5ec..7c8922c 100644
--- a/builtin/merge.c
+++ b/builtin/merge.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include "merge-recursive.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
 #include "remote.h"
+#include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 #define DEFAULT_TWOHEAD (1<<0)
 #define DEFAULT_OCTOPUS (1<<1)
@@ -38,18 +40,18 @@
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_merge_usage[] = {
-	"git merge [options] [<commit>...]",
-	"git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>",
-	"git merge --abort",
+	N_("git merge [options] [<commit>...]"),
+	N_("git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"),
+	N_("git merge --abort"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static int show_diffstat = 1, shortlog_len, squash;
+static int show_diffstat = 1, shortlog_len = -1, squash;
 static int option_commit = 1, allow_fast_forward = 1;
-static int fast_forward_only, option_edit;
+static int fast_forward_only, option_edit = -1;
 static int allow_trivial = 1, have_message;
-static struct strbuf merge_msg;
-static struct commit_list *remoteheads;
+static int overwrite_ignore = 1;
+static struct strbuf merge_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 static struct strategy **use_strategies;
 static size_t use_strategies_nr, use_strategies_alloc;
 static const char **xopts;
@@ -62,6 +64,7 @@
 static int abort_current_merge;
 static int show_progress = -1;
 static int default_to_upstream;
+static const char *sign_commit;
 
 static struct strategy all_strategy[] = {
 	{ "recursive",  DEFAULT_TWOHEAD | NO_TRIVIAL },
@@ -177,36 +180,39 @@
 
 static struct option builtin_merge_options[] = {
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'n', NULL, NULL, NULL,
-		"do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge",
+		N_("do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
 		PARSE_OPT_NOARG, option_parse_n },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stat", &show_diffstat,
-		"show a diffstat at the end of the merge"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &show_diffstat, "(synonym to --stat)"),
-	{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, "n",
-	  "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message",
+		N_("show a diffstat at the end of the merge")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "summary", &show_diffstat, N_("(synonym to --stat)")),
+	{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "log", &shortlog_len, N_("n"),
+	  N_("add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN },
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "squash", &squash,
-		"create a single commit instead of doing a merge"),
+		N_("create a single commit instead of doing a merge")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "commit", &option_commit,
-		"perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &option_edit,
-		"edit message before committing"),
+		N_("perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)")),
+	OPT_BOOL('e', "edit", &option_edit,
+		N_("edit message before committing")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff", &allow_fast_forward,
-		"allow fast-forward (default)"),
+		N_("allow fast-forward (default)")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff-only", &fast_forward_only,
-		"abort if fast-forward is not possible"),
+		N_("abort if fast-forward is not possible")),
 	OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&allow_rerere_auto),
-	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, "strategy",
-		"merge strategy to use", option_parse_strategy),
-	OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, "option=value",
-		"option for selected merge strategy", option_parse_x),
-	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, "message",
-		"merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)",
+	OPT_CALLBACK('s', "strategy", &use_strategies, N_("strategy"),
+		N_("merge strategy to use"), option_parse_strategy),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &xopts, N_("option=value"),
+		N_("option for selected merge strategy"), option_parse_x),
+	OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &merge_msg, N_("message"),
+		N_("merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"),
 		option_parse_message),
 	OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "abort", &abort_current_merge,
-		"abort the current in-progress merge"),
-	OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, "force progress reporting", 1),
+		N_("abort the current in-progress merge")),
+	OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("force progress reporting"), 1),
+	{ OPTION_STRING, 'S', "gpg-sign", &sign_commit, N_("key id"),
+	  N_("GPG sign commit"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t) "" },
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "overwrite-ignore", &overwrite_ignore, N_("update ignored files (default)")),
 	OPT_END()
 };
 
@@ -311,18 +317,20 @@
 	drop_save();
 }
 
-static void squash_message(struct commit *commit)
+static void squash_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct strbuf out = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct commit_list *j;
+	const char *filename;
 	int fd;
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
 	printf(_("Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"));
-	fd = open(git_path("SQUASH_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	filename = git_path("SQUASH_MSG");
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("SQUASH_MSG"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.ignore_merges = 1;
@@ -357,6 +365,7 @@
 }
 
 static void finish(struct commit *head_commit,
+		   struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 		   const unsigned char *new_head, const char *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf reflog_message = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -371,7 +380,7 @@
 			getenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"), msg);
 	}
 	if (squash) {
-		squash_message(head_commit);
+		squash_message(head_commit, remoteheads);
 	} else {
 		if (verbosity >= 0 && !merge_msg.len)
 			printf(_("No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"));
@@ -390,11 +399,12 @@
 	if (new_head && show_diffstat) {
 		struct diff_options opts;
 		diff_setup(&opts);
+		opts.stat_width = -1; /* use full terminal width */
+		opts.stat_graph_width = -1; /* respect statGraphWidth config */
 		opts.output_format |=
 			DIFF_FORMAT_SUMMARY | DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
 		opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
-		if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
-			die(_("diff_setup_done failed"));
+		diff_setup_done(&opts);
 		diff_tree_sha1(head, new_head, "", &opts);
 		diffcore_std(&opts);
 		diff_flush(&opts);
@@ -406,21 +416,11 @@
 	strbuf_release(&reflog_message);
 }
 
-static struct object *want_commit(const char *name)
-{
-	struct object *obj;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
-		return NULL;
-	obj = parse_object(sha1);
-	return peel_to_type(name, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
-}
-
 /* Get the name for the merge commit's message. */
 static void merge_name(const char *remote, struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	struct object *remote_head;
-	unsigned char branch_head[20], buf_sha[20];
+	struct commit *remote_head;
+	unsigned char branch_head[20];
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct strbuf bname = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *ptr;
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@
 	remote = bname.buf;
 
 	memset(branch_head, 0, sizeof(branch_head));
-	remote_head = want_commit(remote);
+	remote_head = get_merge_parent(remote);
 	if (!remote_head)
 		die(_("'%s' does not point to a commit"), remote);
 
@@ -441,6 +441,11 @@
 				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
 			goto cleanup;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/tags/")) {
+			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\ttag '%s' of .\n",
+				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
+			goto cleanup;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(found_ref, "refs/remotes/")) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tremote-tracking branch '%s' of .\n",
 				    sha1_to_hex(branch_head), remote);
@@ -479,10 +484,10 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&truname, "refs/heads/");
 		strbuf_addstr(&truname, remote);
 		strbuf_setlen(&truname, truname.len - len);
-		if (resolve_ref(truname.buf, buf_sha, 1, NULL)) {
+		if (ref_exists(truname.buf)) {
 			strbuf_addf(msg,
 				    "%s\t\tbranch '%s'%s of .\n",
-				    sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1),
+				    sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.sha1),
 				    truname.buf + 11,
 				    (early ? " (early part)" : ""));
 			strbuf_release(&truname);
@@ -492,14 +497,16 @@
 
 	if (!strcmp(remote, "FETCH_HEAD") &&
 			!access(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), R_OK)) {
+		const char *filename;
 		FILE *fp;
 		struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
 		char *ptr;
 
-		fp = fopen(git_path("FETCH_HEAD"), "r");
+		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
+		fp = fopen(filename, "r");
 		if (!fp)
 			die_errno(_("could not open '%s' for reading"),
-				  git_path("FETCH_HEAD"));
+				  filename);
 		strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n');
 		fclose(fp);
 		ptr = strstr(line.buf, "\tnot-for-merge\t");
@@ -510,7 +517,7 @@
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
 	strbuf_addf(msg, "%s\t\tcommit '%s'\n",
-		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->sha1), remote);
+		sha1_to_hex(remote_head->object.sha1), remote);
 cleanup:
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	strbuf_release(&bname);
@@ -538,6 +545,8 @@
 
 static int git_merge_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
 {
+	int status;
+
 	if (branch && !prefixcmp(k, "branch.") &&
 		!prefixcmp(k + 7, branch) &&
 		!strcmp(k + 7 + strlen(branch), ".mergeoptions")) {
@@ -554,15 +563,7 @@
 		return git_config_string(&pull_octopus, k, v);
 	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.renormalize"))
 		option_renormalize = git_config_bool(k, v);
-	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.log") || !strcmp(k, "merge.summary")) {
-		int is_bool;
-		shortlog_len = git_config_bool_or_int(k, v, &is_bool);
-		if (!is_bool && shortlog_len < 0)
-			return error(_("%s: negative length %s"), k, v);
-		if (is_bool && shortlog_len)
-			shortlog_len = DEFAULT_MERGE_LOG_LEN;
-		return 0;
-	} else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.ff")) {
+	else if (!strcmp(k, "merge.ff")) {
 		int boolval = git_config_maybe_bool(k, v);
 		if (0 <= boolval) {
 			allow_fast_forward = boolval;
@@ -575,6 +576,13 @@
 		default_to_upstream = git_config_bool(k, v);
 		return 0;
 	}
+
+	status = fmt_merge_msg_config(k, v, cb);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	status = git_gpg_config(k, v, NULL);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
 	return git_diff_ui_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
@@ -620,60 +628,8 @@
 		die(_("git write-tree failed to write a tree"));
 }
 
-static const char *merge_argument(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	if (commit)
-		return sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
-	else
-		return EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
-}
-
-int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
-		      const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
-		      const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes)
-{
-	const char **args;
-	int i = 0, x = 0, ret;
-	struct commit_list *j;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	args = xmalloc((4 + xopts_nr + commit_list_count(common) +
-			commit_list_count(remotes)) * sizeof(char *));
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "merge-%s", strategy);
-	args[i++] = buf.buf;
-	for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++) {
-		char *s = xmalloc(strlen(xopts[x])+2+1);
-		strcpy(s, "--");
-		strcpy(s+2, xopts[x]);
-		args[i++] = s;
-	}
-	for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
-		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
-	args[i++] = "--";
-	args[i++] = head_arg;
-	for (j = remotes; j; j = j->next)
-		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
-	args[i] = NULL;
-	ret = run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	i = 1;
-	for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
-		free((void *)args[i++]);
-	for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
-		free((void *)args[i++]);
-	i += 2;
-	for (j = remotes; j; j = j->next)
-		free((void *)args[i++]);
-	free(args);
-	discard_cache();
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		die(_("failed to read the cache"));
-	resolve_undo_clear();
-
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static int try_merge_strategy(const char *strategy, struct commit_list *common,
+			      struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 			      struct commit *head, const char *head_arg)
 {
 	int index_fd;
@@ -714,7 +670,7 @@
 				die(_("Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"), xopts[x]);
 
 		o.branch1 = head_arg;
-		o.branch2 = remoteheads->item->util;
+		o.branch2 = merge_remote_util(remoteheads->item)->name;
 
 		for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
 			commit_list_insert(j->item, &reversed);
@@ -753,54 +709,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head, const unsigned char *remote)
-{
-	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
-	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
-	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
-	int i, fd, nr_trees = 0;
-	struct dir_struct dir;
-	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-
-	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
-
-	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
-
-	memset(&trees, 0, sizeof(trees));
-	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
-	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
-	dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
-	dir.exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
-	opts.dir = &dir;
-
-	opts.head_idx = 1;
-	opts.src_index = &the_index;
-	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
-	opts.update = 1;
-	opts.verbose_update = 1;
-	opts.merge = 1;
-	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
-	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts, "merge");
-
-	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
-	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
-		return -1;
-	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
-	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
-		return -1;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
-		parse_tree(trees[i]);
-		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
-	}
-	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
-		return -1;
-	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-		commit_locked_index(lock_file))
-		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static void split_merge_strategies(const char *string, struct strategy **list,
 				   int *nr, int *alloc)
 {
@@ -847,55 +755,67 @@
 
 static void write_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	int fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	const char *filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
+	int fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
 		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+			  filename);
 	if (write_in_full(fd, msg->buf, msg->len) != msg->len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 	close(fd);
 }
 
 static void read_merge_msg(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
+	const char *filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
 	strbuf_reset(msg);
-	if (strbuf_read_file(msg, git_path("MERGE_MSG"), 0) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+	if (strbuf_read_file(msg, filename, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not read from '%s'"), filename);
 }
 
-static void write_merge_state(void);
-static void abort_commit(const char *err_msg)
+static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *);
+static void abort_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads, const char *err_msg)
 {
 	if (err_msg)
 		error("%s", err_msg);
 	fprintf(stderr,
 		_("Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"));
-	write_merge_state();
+	write_merge_state(remoteheads);
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-static void prepare_to_commit(void)
+static const char merge_editor_comment[] =
+N_("Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+   "especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+   "\n"
+   "Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+   "the commit.\n");
+
+static void prepare_to_commit(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
 	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 	strbuf_addbuf(&msg, &merge_msg);
 	strbuf_addch(&msg, '\n');
+	if (0 < option_edit)
+		strbuf_commented_addf(&msg, _(merge_editor_comment), comment_line_char);
 	write_merge_msg(&msg);
-	run_hook(get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
-		 git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "merge", NULL, NULL);
-	if (option_edit) {
+	if (run_hook(get_index_file(), "prepare-commit-msg",
+		     git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "merge", NULL, NULL))
+		abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
+	if (0 < option_edit) {
 		if (launch_editor(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), NULL, NULL))
-			abort_commit(NULL);
+			abort_commit(remoteheads, NULL);
 	}
 	read_merge_msg(&msg);
-	stripspace(&msg, option_edit);
+	stripspace(&msg, 0 < option_edit);
 	if (!msg.len)
-		abort_commit(_("Empty commit message."));
+		abort_commit(remoteheads, _("Empty commit message."));
 	strbuf_release(&merge_msg);
 	strbuf_addbuf(&merge_msg, &msg);
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
 }
 
-static int merge_trivial(struct commit *head)
+static int merge_trivial(struct commit *head, struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
 	unsigned char result_tree[20], result_commit[20];
 	struct commit_list *parent = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent));
@@ -906,41 +826,37 @@
 	parent->next = xmalloc(sizeof(*parent->next));
 	parent->next->item = remoteheads->item;
 	parent->next->next = NULL;
-	prepare_to_commit();
-	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parent, result_commit, NULL);
-	finish(head, result_commit, "In-index merge");
+	prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
+	if (commit_tree(&merge_msg, result_tree, parent, result_commit, NULL,
+			sign_commit))
+		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
+	finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, "In-index merge");
 	drop_save();
 	return 0;
 }
 
 static int finish_automerge(struct commit *head,
+			    int head_subsumed,
 			    struct commit_list *common,
+			    struct commit_list *remoteheads,
 			    unsigned char *result_tree,
 			    const char *wt_strategy)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, *j;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char result_commit[20];
 
 	free_commit_list(common);
-	if (allow_fast_forward) {
-		parents = remoteheads;
+	parents = remoteheads;
+	if (!head_subsumed || !allow_fast_forward)
 		commit_list_insert(head, &parents);
-		parents = reduce_heads(parents);
-	} else {
-		struct commit_list **pptr = &parents;
-
-		pptr = &commit_list_insert(head,
-				pptr)->next;
-		for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
-			pptr = &commit_list_insert(j->item, pptr)->next;
-	}
 	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
-	prepare_to_commit();
-	free_commit_list(remoteheads);
-	commit_tree(merge_msg.buf, result_tree, parents, result_commit, NULL);
+	prepare_to_commit(remoteheads);
+	if (commit_tree(&merge_msg, result_tree, parents, result_commit,
+			NULL, sign_commit))
+		die(_("failed to write commit object"));
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "Merge made by the '%s' strategy.", wt_strategy);
-	finish(head, result_commit, buf.buf);
+	finish(head, remoteheads, result_commit, buf.buf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	drop_save();
 	return 0;
@@ -948,13 +864,14 @@
 
 static int suggest_conflicts(int renormalizing)
 {
+	const char *filename;
 	FILE *fp;
 	int pos;
 
-	fp = fopen(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), "a");
+	filename = git_path("MERGE_MSG");
+	fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 	if (!fp)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  git_path("MERGE_MSG"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 	fprintf(fp, "\nConflicts:\n");
 	for (pos = 0; pos < active_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[pos];
@@ -1044,36 +961,105 @@
 	return i;
 }
 
-static void write_merge_state(void)
+static void write_merge_state(struct commit_list *remoteheads)
 {
+	const char *filename;
 	int fd;
 	struct commit_list *j;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next)
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(j->item->object.sha1));
-	fd = open(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	for (j = remoteheads; j; j = j->next) {
+		unsigned const char *sha1;
+		struct commit *c = j->item;
+		if (c->util && merge_remote_util(c)->obj) {
+			sha1 = merge_remote_util(c)->obj->sha1;
+		} else {
+			sha1 = c->object.sha1;
+		}
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	}
+	filename = git_path("MERGE_HEAD");
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_HEAD"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 	close(fd);
 	strbuf_addch(&merge_msg, '\n');
 	write_merge_msg(&merge_msg);
-	fd = open(git_path("MERGE_MODE"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
+
+	filename = git_path("MERGE_MODE");
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT | O_TRUNC, 0666);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	if (!allow_fast_forward)
 		strbuf_addf(&buf, "no-ff");
 	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("MERGE_MODE"));
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
 	close(fd);
 }
 
+static int default_edit_option(void)
+{
+	static const char name[] = "GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT";
+	const char *e = getenv(name);
+	struct stat st_stdin, st_stdout;
+
+	if (have_message)
+		/* an explicit -m msg without --[no-]edit */
+		return 0;
+
+	if (e) {
+		int v = git_config_maybe_bool(name, e);
+		if (v < 0)
+			die("Bad value '%s' in environment '%s'", e, name);
+		return v;
+	}
+
+	/* Use editor if stdin and stdout are the same and is a tty */
+	return (!fstat(0, &st_stdin) &&
+		!fstat(1, &st_stdout) &&
+		isatty(0) && isatty(1) &&
+		st_stdin.st_dev == st_stdout.st_dev &&
+		st_stdin.st_ino == st_stdout.st_ino &&
+		st_stdin.st_mode == st_stdout.st_mode);
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *collect_parents(struct commit *head_commit,
+					   int *head_subsumed,
+					   int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct commit_list *remoteheads = NULL, *parents, *next;
+	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
+
+	if (head_commit)
+		remotes = &commit_list_insert(head_commit, remotes)->next;
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		struct commit *commit = get_merge_parent(argv[i]);
+		if (!commit)
+			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[i]);
+		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+	}
+	*remotes = NULL;
+
+	parents = reduce_heads(remoteheads);
+
+	*head_subsumed = 1; /* we will flip this to 0 when we find it */
+	for (remoteheads = NULL, remotes = &remoteheads;
+	     parents;
+	     parents = next) {
+		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
+		next = parents->next;
+		if (commit == head_commit)
+			*head_subsumed = 0;
+		else
+			remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
+	}
+	return remoteheads;
+}
+
 int cmd_merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	unsigned char result_tree[20];
@@ -1082,11 +1068,12 @@
 	struct commit *head_commit;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	const char *head_arg;
-	int flag, i;
+	int flag, i, ret = 0, head_subsumed;
 	int best_cnt = -1, merge_was_ok = 0, automerge_was_ok = 0;
 	struct commit_list *common = NULL;
 	const char *best_strategy = NULL, *wt_strategy = NULL;
-	struct commit_list **remotes = &remoteheads;
+	struct commit_list *remoteheads, *p;
+	void *branch_to_free;
 
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_merge_usage, builtin_merge_options);
@@ -1095,7 +1082,7 @@
 	 * Check if we are _not_ on a detached HEAD, i.e. if there is a
 	 * current branch.
 	 */
-	branch = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
+	branch = branch_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (branch && !prefixcmp(branch, "refs/heads/"))
 		branch += 11;
 	if (!branch || is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
@@ -1109,6 +1096,8 @@
 		parse_branch_merge_options(branch_mergeoptions);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, builtin_merge_options,
 			builtin_merge_usage, 0);
+	if (shortlog_len < 0)
+		shortlog_len = (merge_log_config > 0) ? merge_log_config : 0;
 
 	if (verbosity < 0 && show_progress == -1)
 		show_progress = 0;
@@ -1121,7 +1110,8 @@
 			die(_("There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."));
 
 		/* Invoke 'git reset --merge' */
-		return cmd_reset(nargc, nargv, prefix);
+		ret = cmd_reset(nargc, nargv, prefix);
+		goto done;
 	}
 
 	if (read_cache_unmerged())
@@ -1160,9 +1150,12 @@
 		die(_("You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."));
 
 	if (!abort_current_merge) {
-		if (!argc && default_to_upstream)
-			argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
-		else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-"))
+		if (!argc) {
+			if (default_to_upstream)
+				argc = setup_with_upstream(&argv);
+			else
+				die(_("No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."));
+		} else if (argc == 1 && !strcmp(argv[0], "-"))
 			argv[0] = "@{-1}";
 	}
 	if (!argc)
@@ -1184,8 +1177,9 @@
 		head_arg = argv[1];
 		argv += 2;
 		argc -= 2;
+		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
 	} else if (!head_commit) {
-		struct object *remote_head;
+		struct commit *remote_head;
 		/*
 		 * If the merged head is a valid one there is no reason
 		 * to forbid "git merge" into a branch yet to be born.
@@ -1199,13 +1193,14 @@
 		if (!allow_fast_forward)
 			die(_("Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into "
 			    "an empty head"));
-		remote_head = want_commit(argv[0]);
+		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
+		remote_head = remoteheads->item;
 		if (!remote_head)
 			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[0]);
-		read_empty(remote_head->sha1, 0);
-		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->sha1, NULL, 0,
-				DIE_ON_ERR);
-		return 0;
+		read_empty(remote_head->object.sha1, 0);
+		update_ref("initial pull", "HEAD", remote_head->object.sha1,
+			   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
+		goto done;
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf merge_names = STRBUF_INIT;
 
@@ -1213,19 +1208,22 @@
 		head_arg = "HEAD";
 
 		/*
-		 * All the rest are the commits being merged;
-		 * prepare the standard merge summary message to
-		 * be appended to the given message.  If remote
-		 * is invalid we will die later in the common
-		 * codepath so we discard the error in this
-		 * loop.
+		 * All the rest are the commits being merged; prepare
+		 * the standard merge summary message to be appended
+		 * to the given message.
 		 */
-		for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-			merge_name(argv[i], &merge_names);
+		remoteheads = collect_parents(head_commit, &head_subsumed, argc, argv);
+		for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
+			merge_name(merge_remote_util(p->item)->name, &merge_names);
 
 		if (!have_message || shortlog_len) {
-			fmt_merge_msg(&merge_names, &merge_msg, !have_message,
-				      shortlog_len);
+			struct fmt_merge_msg_opts opts;
+			memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+			opts.add_title = !have_message;
+			opts.shortlog_len = shortlog_len;
+			opts.credit_people = (0 < option_edit);
+
+			fmt_merge_msg(&merge_names, &merge_msg, &opts);
 			if (merge_msg.len)
 				strbuf_setlen(&merge_msg, merge_msg.len - 1);
 		}
@@ -1236,29 +1234,31 @@
 			builtin_merge_options);
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "merge");
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", argv[i]);
+	for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next)
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, " %s", merge_remote_util(p->item)->name);
 	setenv("GIT_REFLOG_ACTION", buf.buf, 0);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
-		struct object *o;
-		struct commit *commit;
-
-		o = want_commit(argv[i]);
-		if (!o)
-			die(_("%s - not something we can merge"), argv[i]);
-		commit = lookup_commit(o->sha1);
-		commit->util = (void *)argv[i];
-		remotes = &commit_list_insert(commit, remotes)->next;
-
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1));
-		setenv(buf.buf, argv[i], 1);
+	for (p = remoteheads; p; p = p->next) {
+		struct commit *commit = p->item;
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "GITHEAD_%s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		setenv(buf.buf, merge_remote_util(commit)->name, 1);
 		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		if (!fast_forward_only &&
+		    merge_remote_util(commit) &&
+		    merge_remote_util(commit)->obj &&
+		    merge_remote_util(commit)->obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+			allow_fast_forward = 0;
 	}
 
+	if (option_edit < 0)
+		option_edit = default_edit_option();
+
 	if (!use_strategies) {
-		if (!remoteheads->next)
+		if (!remoteheads)
+			; /* already up-to-date */
+		else if (!remoteheads->next)
 			add_strategies(pull_twohead, DEFAULT_TWOHEAD);
 		else
 			add_strategies(pull_octopus, DEFAULT_OCTOPUS);
@@ -1271,7 +1271,9 @@
 			allow_trivial = 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!remoteheads->next)
+	if (!remoteheads)
+		; /* already up-to-date */
+	else if (!remoteheads->next)
 		common = get_merge_bases(head_commit, remoteheads->item, 1);
 	else {
 		struct commit_list *list = remoteheads;
@@ -1283,22 +1285,23 @@
 	update_ref("updating ORIG_HEAD", "ORIG_HEAD", head_commit->object.sha1,
 		   NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
 
-	if (!common)
+	if (remoteheads && !common)
 		; /* No common ancestors found. We need a real merge. */
-	else if (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
-			common->item == remoteheads->item) {
+	else if (!remoteheads ||
+		 (!remoteheads->next && !common->next &&
+		  common->item == remoteheads->item)) {
 		/*
 		 * If head can reach all the merge then we are up to date.
 		 * but first the most common case of merging one remote.
 		 */
 		finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date.");
-		return 0;
+		goto done;
 	} else if (allow_fast_forward && !remoteheads->next &&
 			!common->next &&
 			!hashcmp(common->item->object.sha1, head_commit->object.sha1)) {
 		/* Again the most common case of merging one remote. */
 		struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
-		struct object *o;
+		struct commit *commit;
 		char hex[41];
 
 		strcpy(hex, find_unique_abbrev(head_commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
@@ -1312,16 +1315,22 @@
 		if (have_message)
 			strbuf_addstr(&msg,
 				" (no commit created; -m option ignored)");
-		o = want_commit(sha1_to_hex(remoteheads->item->object.sha1));
-		if (!o)
-			return 1;
+		commit = remoteheads->item;
+		if (!commit) {
+			ret = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
 
-		if (checkout_fast_forward(head_commit->object.sha1, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
-			return 1;
+		if (checkout_fast_forward(head_commit->object.sha1,
+					  commit->object.sha1,
+					  overwrite_ignore)) {
+			ret = 1;
+			goto done;
+		}
 
-		finish(head_commit, o->sha1, msg.buf);
+		finish(head_commit, remoteheads, commit->object.sha1, msg.buf);
 		drop_save();
-		return 0;
+		goto done;
 	} else if (!remoteheads->next && common->next)
 		;
 		/*
@@ -1336,11 +1345,14 @@
 		refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
 		if (allow_trivial && !fast_forward_only) {
 			/* See if it is really trivial. */
-			git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+			git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
 			printf(_("Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"));
 			if (!read_tree_trivial(common->item->object.sha1,
-					head_commit->object.sha1, remoteheads->item->object.sha1))
-				return merge_trivial(head_commit);
+					       head_commit->object.sha1,
+					       remoteheads->item->object.sha1)) {
+				ret = merge_trivial(head_commit, remoteheads);
+				goto done;
+			}
 			printf(_("Nope.\n"));
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -1368,7 +1380,7 @@
 		}
 		if (up_to_date) {
 			finish_up_to_date("Already up-to-date. Yeeah!");
-			return 0;
+			goto done;
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -1376,7 +1388,7 @@
 		die(_("Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."));
 
 	/* We are going to make a new commit. */
-	git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+	git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT);
 
 	/*
 	 * At this point, we need a real merge.  No matter what strategy
@@ -1409,7 +1421,8 @@
 		wt_strategy = use_strategies[i]->name;
 
 		ret = try_merge_strategy(use_strategies[i]->name,
-					 common, head_commit, head_arg);
+					 common, remoteheads,
+					 head_commit, head_arg);
 		if (!option_commit && !ret) {
 			merge_was_ok = 1;
 			/*
@@ -1450,9 +1463,12 @@
 	 * If we have a resulting tree, that means the strategy module
 	 * auto resolved the merge cleanly.
 	 */
-	if (automerge_was_ok)
-		return finish_automerge(head_commit, common, result_tree,
-					wt_strategy);
+	if (automerge_was_ok) {
+		ret = finish_automerge(head_commit, head_subsumed,
+				       common, remoteheads,
+				       result_tree, wt_strategy);
+		goto done;
+	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Pick the result from the best strategy and have the user fix
@@ -1466,7 +1482,8 @@
 		else
 			fprintf(stderr, _("Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"),
 				use_strategies[0]->name);
-		return 2;
+		ret = 2;
+		goto done;
 	} else if (best_strategy == wt_strategy)
 		; /* We already have its result in the working tree. */
 	else {
@@ -1474,18 +1491,22 @@
 		restore_state(head_commit->object.sha1, stash);
 		printf(_("Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"),
 			best_strategy);
-		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, head_commit, head_arg);
+		try_merge_strategy(best_strategy, common, remoteheads,
+				   head_commit, head_arg);
 	}
 
 	if (squash)
-		finish(head_commit, NULL, NULL);
+		finish(head_commit, remoteheads, NULL, NULL);
 	else
-		write_merge_state();
+		write_merge_state(remoteheads);
 
-	if (merge_was_ok) {
+	if (merge_was_ok)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Automatic merge went well; "
 			"stopped before committing as requested\n"));
-		return 0;
-	} else
-		return suggest_conflicts(option_renormalize);
+	else
+		ret = suggest_conflicts(option_renormalize);
+
+done:
+	free(branch_to_free);
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/mktree.c b/builtin/mktree.c
index 098395f..f92ba40 100644
--- a/builtin/mktree.c
+++ b/builtin/mktree.c
@@ -60,10 +60,11 @@
 	}
 
 	write_sha1_file(buf.buf, buf.len, tree_type, sha1);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static const char *mktree_usage[] = {
-	"git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]",
+	N_("git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -149,9 +150,9 @@
 	int got_eof = 0;
 
 	const struct option option[] = {
-		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination, "input is NUL terminated", '\0'),
-		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "missing", &allow_missing, "allow missing objects", 1),
-		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "batch", &is_batch_mode, "allow creation of more than one tree", 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination, N_("input is NUL terminated"), '\0'),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "missing", &allow_missing, N_("allow missing objects"), 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT( 0 , "batch", &is_batch_mode, N_("allow creation of more than one tree"), 1),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/mv.c b/builtin/mv.c
index 5efe6c5..034fec9 100644
--- a/builtin/mv.c
+++ b/builtin/mv.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_mv_usage[] = {
-	"git mv [options] <source>... <destination>",
+	N_("git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -59,9 +59,10 @@
 	int i, newfd;
 	int verbose = 0, show_only = 0, force = 0, ignore_errors = 0;
 	struct option builtin_mv_options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "force move/rename even if target exists"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, "skip move/rename errors"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose")),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("force move/rename even if target exists")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('k', NULL, &ignore_errors, N_("skip move/rename errors")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 	const char **source, **destination, **dest_path;
@@ -93,7 +94,7 @@
 		destination = copy_pathspec(dest_path[0], argv, argc, 1);
 	} else {
 		if (argc != 1)
-			usage_with_options(builtin_mv_usage, builtin_mv_options);
+			die("destination '%s' is not a directory", dest_path[0]);
 		destination = dest_path;
 	}
 
@@ -176,7 +177,8 @@
 				 * check both source and destination
 				 */
 				if (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) || S_ISLNK(st.st_mode)) {
-					warning(_("%s; will overwrite!"), bad);
+					if (verbose)
+						warning(_("overwriting '%s'"), dst);
 					bad = NULL;
 				} else
 					bad = _("Cannot overwrite");
diff --git a/builtin/name-rev.c b/builtin/name-rev.c
index 7864056..6238247 100644
--- a/builtin/name-rev.c
+++ b/builtin/name-rev.c
@@ -172,9 +172,9 @@
 }
 
 static char const * const name_rev_usage[] = {
-	"git name-rev [options] <commit>...",
-	"git name-rev [options] --all",
-	"git name-rev [options] --stdin",
+	N_("git name-rev [options] <commit>..."),
+	N_("git name-rev [options] --all"),
+	N_("git name-rev [options] --stdin"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -226,16 +226,16 @@
 	int all = 0, transform_stdin = 0, allow_undefined = 1, always = 0;
 	struct name_ref_data data = { 0, 0, NULL };
 	struct option opts[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &data.name_only, "print only names (no SHA-1)"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &data.tags_only, "only use tags to name the commits"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "refs", &data.ref_filter, "pattern",
-				   "only use refs matching <pattern>"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "name-only", &data.name_only, N_("print only names (no SHA-1)")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &data.tags_only, N_("only use tags to name the commits")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "refs", &data.ref_filter, N_("pattern"),
+				   N_("only use refs matching <pattern>")),
 		OPT_GROUP(""),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all", &all, "list all commits reachable from all refs"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &transform_stdin, "read from stdin"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "undefined", &allow_undefined, "allow to print `undefined` names"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "all", &all, N_("list all commits reachable from all refs")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &transform_stdin, N_("read from stdin")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "undefined", &allow_undefined, N_("allow to print `undefined` names")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "always",     &always,
-			   "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"),
+			   N_("show abbreviated commit object as fallback")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -291,7 +291,7 @@
 		max = get_max_object_index();
 		for (i = 0; i < max; i++) {
 			struct object *obj = get_indexed_object(i);
-			if (!obj)
+			if (!obj || obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 				continue;
 			show_name(obj, NULL,
 				  always, allow_undefined, data.name_only);
diff --git a/builtin/notes.c b/builtin/notes.c
index f8e437d..57748a6 100644
--- a/builtin/notes.c
+++ b/builtin/notes.c
@@ -19,80 +19,80 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "notes-merge.h"
 
+static void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg);
+static combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v);
+
 static const char * const git_notes_usage[] = {
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>",
-	"git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]",
-	"git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]",
-	"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref",
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) <object>] [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"),
+	N_("git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"),
+	N_("git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"),
+	N_("git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_list_usage[] = {
-	"git notes [list [<object>]]",
+	N_("git notes [list [<object>]]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_add_usage[] = {
-	"git notes add [<options>] [<object>]",
+	N_("git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_copy_usage[] = {
-	"git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>",
-	"git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]...",
+	N_("git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"),
+	N_("git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_append_usage[] = {
-	"git notes append [<options>] [<object>]",
+	N_("git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_edit_usage[] = {
-	"git notes edit [<object>]",
+	N_("git notes edit [<object>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_show_usage[] = {
-	"git notes show [<object>]",
+	N_("git notes show [<object>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_merge_usage[] = {
-	"git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>",
-	"git notes merge --commit [<options>]",
-	"git notes merge --abort [<options>]",
+	N_("git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"),
+	N_("git notes merge --commit [<options>]"),
+	N_("git notes merge --abort [<options>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_remove_usage[] = {
-	"git notes remove [<object>]",
+	N_("git notes remove [<object>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_prune_usage[] = {
-	"git notes prune [<options>]",
+	N_("git notes prune [<options>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const git_notes_get_ref_usage[] = {
-	"git notes get-ref",
+	N_("git notes get-ref"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char note_template[] =
-	"\n"
-	"#\n"
-	"# Write/edit the notes for the following object:\n"
-	"#\n";
+	"\nWrite/edit the notes for the following object:\n";
 
 struct msg_arg {
 	int given;
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
 		{"show", "--stat", "--no-notes", sha1_to_hex(object), NULL};
 	struct child_process show;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	FILE *show_out;
+	struct strbuf cbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	/* Invoke "git show --stat --no-notes $object" */
 	memset(&show, 0, sizeof(show));
@@ -139,21 +139,14 @@
 		die(_("unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
 
-	/* Open the output as FILE* so strbuf_getline() can be used. */
-	show_out = xfdopen(show.out, "r");
-	if (show_out == NULL)
-		die_errno(_("can't fdopen 'show' output fd"));
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, show.out, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("could not read 'show' output"));
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(&cbuf, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	write_or_die(fd, cbuf.buf, cbuf.len);
 
-	/* Prepend "# " to each output line and write result to 'fd' */
-	while (strbuf_getline(&buf, show_out, '\n') != EOF) {
-		write_or_die(fd, "# ", 2);
-		write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
-		write_or_die(fd, "\n", 1);
-	}
+	strbuf_release(&cbuf);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	if (fclose(show_out))
-		die_errno(_("failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"),
-			  sha1_to_hex(object));
+
 	if (finish_command(&show))
 		die(_("failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"),
 		    sha1_to_hex(object));
@@ -167,6 +160,7 @@
 
 	if (msg->use_editor || !msg->given) {
 		int fd;
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		/* write the template message before editing: */
 		path = git_pathdup("NOTES_EDITMSG");
@@ -178,11 +172,16 @@
 			write_or_die(fd, msg->buf.buf, msg->buf.len);
 		else if (prev && !append_only)
 			write_note_data(fd, prev);
-		write_or_die(fd, note_template, strlen(note_template));
+
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		strbuf_add_commented_lines(&buf, note_template, strlen(note_template));
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+		write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
 
 		write_commented_object(fd, object);
 
 		close(fd);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
 		strbuf_reset(&(msg->buf));
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, &(msg->buf), NULL)) {
@@ -288,7 +287,7 @@
 	return parse_reuse_arg(opt, arg, unset);
 }
 
-void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
+static void commit_notes(struct notes_tree *t, const char *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
@@ -301,18 +300,18 @@
 		return; /* don't have to commit an unchanged tree */
 
 	/* Prepare commit message and reflog message */
-	strbuf_addstr(&buf, "notes: "); /* commit message starts at index 7 */
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, msg);
 	if (buf.buf[buf.len - 1] != '\n')
 		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n'); /* Make sure msg ends with newline */
 
-	create_notes_commit(t, NULL, buf.buf + 7, commit_sha1);
+	create_notes_commit(t, NULL, &buf, commit_sha1);
+	strbuf_insert(&buf, 0, "notes: ", 7); /* commit message starts at index 7 */
 	update_ref(buf.buf, t->ref, commit_sha1, NULL, 0, DIE_ON_ERR);
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v)
+static combine_notes_fn parse_combine_notes_fn(const char *v)
 {
 	if (!strcasecmp(v, "overwrite"))
 		return combine_notes_overwrite;
@@ -531,19 +530,19 @@
 	const unsigned char *note;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, 0, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "msg",
-			"note contents as a string", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, N_("message"),
+			N_("note contents as a string"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_msg_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "file",
-			"note contents in a file", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, N_("file"),
+			N_("note contents in a file"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_file_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "object",
-			"reuse and edit specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, N_("object"),
+			N_("reuse and edit specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reedit_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "object",
-			"reuse specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, N_("object"),
+			N_("reuse specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace existing notes"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -611,11 +610,11 @@
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	const char *rewrite_cmd = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace existing notes"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &from_stdin, "read objects from stdin"),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "for-rewrite", &rewrite_cmd, "command",
-			   "load rewriting config for <command> (implies "
-			   "--stdin)"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace existing notes")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &from_stdin, N_("read objects from stdin")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "for-rewrite", &rewrite_cmd, N_("command"),
+			   N_("load rewriting config for <command> (implies "
+			      "--stdin)")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -688,17 +687,17 @@
 	const char * const *usage;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, 0, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct option options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, "msg",
-			"note contents as a string", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'm', "message", &msg, N_("message"),
+			N_("note contents as a string"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_msg_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, "file",
-			"note contents in a file", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'F', "file", &msg, N_("file"),
+			N_("note contents in a file"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_file_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, "object",
-			"reuse and edit specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'c', "reedit-message", &msg, N_("object"),
+			N_("reuse and edit specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reedit_arg},
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, "object",
-			"reuse specified note object", PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'C', "reuse-message", &msg, N_("object"),
+			N_("reuse specified note object"), PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			parse_reuse_arg},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -804,6 +803,8 @@
 	struct notes_tree *t;
 	struct commit *partial;
 	struct pretty_print_context pretty_ctx;
+	void *local_ref_to_free;
+	int ret;
 
 	/*
 	 * Read partial merge result from .git/NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL,
@@ -825,7 +826,8 @@
 	t = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct notes_tree));
 	init_notes(t, "NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL", combine_notes_overwrite, 0);
 
-	o->local_ref = resolve_ref("NOTES_MERGE_REF", sha1, 0, NULL);
+	o->local_ref = local_ref_to_free =
+		resolve_refdup("NOTES_MERGE_REF", sha1, 0, NULL);
 	if (!o->local_ref)
 		die("Failed to resolve NOTES_MERGE_REF");
 
@@ -843,7 +845,9 @@
 
 	free_notes(t);
 	strbuf_release(&msg);
-	return merge_abort(o);
+	ret = merge_abort(o);
+	free(local_ref_to_free);
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int merge(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -856,19 +860,19 @@
 	int verbosity = 0, result;
 	const char *strategy = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_GROUP("General options"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("General options")),
 		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
-		OPT_GROUP("Merge options"),
-		OPT_STRING('s', "strategy", &strategy, "strategy",
-			   "resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy "
-			   "(manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"),
-		OPT_GROUP("Committing unmerged notes"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Merge options")),
+		OPT_STRING('s', "strategy", &strategy, N_("strategy"),
+			   N_("resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy "
+			      "(manual/ours/theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)")),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Committing unmerged notes")),
 		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "commit", &do_commit, NULL,
-			"finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes",
+			N_("finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
-		OPT_GROUP("Aborting notes merge resolution"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Aborting notes merge resolution")),
 		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "abort", &do_abort, NULL,
-			"abort notes merge",
+			N_("abort notes merge"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -975,10 +979,10 @@
 	int from_stdin = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-missing", &flag,
-			"attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error",
+			N_("attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"),
 			IGNORE_MISSING),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stdin", &from_stdin,
-			    "read object names from the standard input"),
+			    N_("read object names from the standard input")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	struct notes_tree *t;
@@ -1059,8 +1063,8 @@
 	int result;
 	const char *override_notes_ref = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_STRING(0, "ref", &override_notes_ref, "notes_ref",
-			   "use notes from <notes_ref>"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "ref", &override_notes_ref, N_("notes_ref"),
+			   N_("use notes from <notes_ref>")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/pack-objects.c b/builtin/pack-objects.c
index 2b18de5..f069462 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-objects.c
@@ -16,18 +16,14 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "progress.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
 #include "thread-utils.h"
 
-static const char pack_usage[] =
-  "git pack-objects [ -q | --progress | --all-progress ]\n"
-  "        [--all-progress-implied]\n"
-  "        [--max-pack-size=<n>] [--local] [--incremental]\n"
-  "        [--window=<n>] [--window-memory=<n>] [--depth=<n>]\n"
-  "        [--no-reuse-delta] [--no-reuse-object] [--delta-base-offset]\n"
-  "        [--threads=<n>] [--non-empty] [--revs [--unpacked | --all]]\n"
-  "        [--reflog] [--stdout | base-name] [--include-tag]\n"
-  "        [--keep-unreachable | --unpack-unreachable]\n"
-  "        [< ref-list | < object-list]";
+static const char *pack_usage[] = {
+	N_("git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"),
+	N_("git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"),
+	NULL
+};
 
 struct object_entry {
 	struct pack_idx_entry idx;
@@ -68,6 +64,7 @@
 static int non_empty;
 static int reuse_delta = 1, reuse_object = 1;
 static int keep_unreachable, unpack_unreachable, include_tag;
+static unsigned long unpack_unreachable_expiration;
 static int local;
 static int incremental;
 static int ignore_packed_keep;
@@ -76,7 +73,7 @@
 static const char *base_name;
 static int progress = 1;
 static int window = 10;
-static unsigned long pack_size_limit, pack_size_limit_cfg;
+static unsigned long pack_size_limit;
 static int depth = 50;
 static int delta_search_threads;
 static int pack_to_stdout;
@@ -154,6 +151,46 @@
 	return stream.total_out;
 }
 
+static unsigned long write_large_blob_data(struct git_istream *st, struct sha1file *f,
+					   const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	git_zstream stream;
+	unsigned char ibuf[1024 * 16];
+	unsigned char obuf[1024 * 16];
+	unsigned long olen = 0;
+
+	memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
+	git_deflate_init(&stream, pack_compression_level);
+
+	for (;;) {
+		ssize_t readlen;
+		int zret = Z_OK;
+		readlen = read_istream(st, ibuf, sizeof(ibuf));
+		if (readlen == -1)
+			die(_("unable to read %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+		stream.next_in = ibuf;
+		stream.avail_in = readlen;
+		while ((stream.avail_in || readlen == 0) &&
+		       (zret == Z_OK || zret == Z_BUF_ERROR)) {
+			stream.next_out = obuf;
+			stream.avail_out = sizeof(obuf);
+			zret = git_deflate(&stream, readlen ? 0 : Z_FINISH);
+			sha1write(f, obuf, stream.next_out - obuf);
+			olen += stream.next_out - obuf;
+		}
+		if (stream.avail_in)
+			die(_("deflate error (%d)"), zret);
+		if (readlen == 0) {
+			if (zret != Z_STREAM_END)
+				die(_("deflate error (%d)"), zret);
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	git_deflate_end(&stream);
+	return olen;
+}
+
 /*
  * we are going to reuse the existing object data as is.  make
  * sure it is not corrupt.
@@ -204,22 +241,198 @@
 }
 
 /* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
+static unsigned long write_no_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry *entry,
+					   unsigned long limit, int usable_delta)
+{
+	unsigned long size, datalen;
+	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
+	unsigned hdrlen;
+	enum object_type type;
+	void *buf;
+	struct git_istream *st = NULL;
+
+	if (!usable_delta) {
+		if (entry->type == OBJ_BLOB &&
+		    entry->size > big_file_threshold &&
+		    (st = open_istream(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size, NULL)) != NULL)
+			buf = NULL;
+		else {
+			buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
+			if (!buf)
+				die(_("unable to read %s"), sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		}
+		/*
+		 * make sure no cached delta data remains from a
+		 * previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
+		 */
+		free(entry->delta_data);
+		entry->delta_data = NULL;
+		entry->z_delta_size = 0;
+	} else if (entry->delta_data) {
+		size = entry->delta_size;
+		buf = entry->delta_data;
+		entry->delta_data = NULL;
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
+	} else {
+		buf = get_delta(entry);
+		size = entry->delta_size;
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
+	}
+
+	if (st)	/* large blob case, just assume we don't compress well */
+		datalen = size;
+	else if (entry->z_delta_size)
+		datalen = entry->z_delta_size;
+	else
+		datalen = do_compress(&buf, size);
+
+	/*
+	 * The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
+	 * more bytes of length.
+	 */
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, header);
+
+	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		/*
+		 * Deltas with relative base contain an additional
+		 * encoding of the relative offset for the delta
+		 * base from this object's position in the pack.
+		 */
+		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+		unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
+		dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
+		while (ofs >>= 7)
+			dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			if (st)
+				close_istream(st);
+			free(buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+		hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
+	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		/*
+		 * Deltas with a base reference contain
+		 * an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
+		 */
+		if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			if (st)
+				close_istream(st);
+			free(buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
+		hdrlen += 20;
+	} else {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			if (st)
+				close_istream(st);
+			free(buf);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+	}
+	if (st) {
+		datalen = write_large_blob_data(st, f, entry->idx.sha1);
+		close_istream(st);
+	} else {
+		sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
+		free(buf);
+	}
+
+	return hdrlen + datalen;
+}
+
+/* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
+static unsigned long write_reuse_object(struct sha1file *f, struct object_entry *entry,
+					unsigned long limit, int usable_delta)
+{
+	struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
+	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
+	struct revindex_entry *revidx;
+	off_t offset;
+	enum object_type type = entry->type;
+	unsigned long datalen;
+	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
+	unsigned hdrlen;
+
+	if (entry->delta)
+		type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
+			OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, entry->size, header);
+
+	offset = entry->in_pack_offset;
+	revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, offset);
+	datalen = revidx[1].offset - offset;
+	if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version > 1 &&
+	    check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, revidx->nr)) {
+		error("bad packed object CRC for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+		return write_no_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
+	}
+
+	offset += entry->in_pack_header_size;
+	datalen -= entry->in_pack_header_size;
+
+	if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version == 1 &&
+	    check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry->size)) {
+		error("corrupt packed object for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
+		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+		return write_no_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
+	}
+
+	if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
+		off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
+		unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
+		dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
+		while (ofs >>= 7)
+			dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
+		if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
+		hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
+		reused_delta++;
+	} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+		sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
+		hdrlen += 20;
+		reused_delta++;
+	} else {
+		if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
+			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
+	}
+	copy_pack_data(f, p, &w_curs, offset, datalen);
+	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
+	reused++;
+	return hdrlen + datalen;
+}
+
+/* Return 0 if we will bust the pack-size limit */
 static unsigned long write_object(struct sha1file *f,
 				  struct object_entry *entry,
 				  off_t write_offset)
 {
-	unsigned long size, limit, datalen;
-	void *buf;
-	unsigned char header[10], dheader[10];
-	unsigned hdrlen;
-	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long limit, len;
 	int usable_delta, to_reuse;
 
 	if (!pack_to_stdout)
 		crc32_begin(f);
 
-	type = entry->type;
-
 	/* apply size limit if limited packsize and not first object */
 	if (!pack_size_limit || !nr_written)
 		limit = 0;
@@ -247,11 +460,11 @@
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* explicit */
 	else if (!entry->in_pack)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* can't reuse what we don't have */
-	else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
+	else if (entry->type == OBJ_REF_DELTA || entry->type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 				/* check_object() decided it for us ... */
 		to_reuse = usable_delta;
 				/* ... but pack split may override that */
-	else if (type != entry->in_pack_type)
+	else if (entry->type != entry->in_pack_type)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* pack has delta which is unusable */
 	else if (entry->delta)
 		to_reuse = 0;	/* we want to pack afresh */
@@ -260,174 +473,71 @@
 				 * and we do not need to deltify it.
 				 */
 
-	if (!to_reuse) {
-		no_reuse:
-		if (!usable_delta) {
-			buf = read_sha1_file(entry->idx.sha1, &type, &size);
-			if (!buf)
-				die("unable to read %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
-			/*
-			 * make sure no cached delta data remains from a
-			 * previous attempt before a pack split occurred.
-			 */
-			free(entry->delta_data);
-			entry->delta_data = NULL;
-			entry->z_delta_size = 0;
-		} else if (entry->delta_data) {
-			size = entry->delta_size;
-			buf = entry->delta_data;
-			entry->delta_data = NULL;
-			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
-				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
-		} else {
-			buf = get_delta(entry);
-			size = entry->delta_size;
-			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
-				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
-		}
+	if (!to_reuse)
+		len = write_no_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
+	else
+		len = write_reuse_object(f, entry, limit, usable_delta);
+	if (!len)
+		return 0;
 
-		if (entry->z_delta_size)
-			datalen = entry->z_delta_size;
-		else
-			datalen = do_compress(&buf, size);
-
-		/*
-		 * The object header is a byte of 'type' followed by zero or
-		 * more bytes of length.
-		 */
-		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, header);
-
-		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-			/*
-			 * Deltas with relative base contain an additional
-			 * encoding of the relative offset for the delta
-			 * base from this object's position in the pack.
-			 */
-			off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
-			unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
-			dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
-			while (ofs >>= 7)
-				dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-			if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				free(buf);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-			sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
-			hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
-		} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-			/*
-			 * Deltas with a base reference contain
-			 * an additional 20 bytes for the base sha1.
-			 */
-			if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				free(buf);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-			sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
-			hdrlen += 20;
-		} else {
-			if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				free(buf);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		}
-		sha1write(f, buf, datalen);
-		free(buf);
-	}
-	else {
-		struct packed_git *p = entry->in_pack;
-		struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
-		struct revindex_entry *revidx;
-		off_t offset;
-
-		if (entry->delta)
-			type = (allow_ofs_delta && entry->delta->idx.offset) ?
-				OBJ_OFS_DELTA : OBJ_REF_DELTA;
-		hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, entry->size, header);
-
-		offset = entry->in_pack_offset;
-		revidx = find_pack_revindex(p, offset);
-		datalen = revidx[1].offset - offset;
-		if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version > 1 &&
-		    check_pack_crc(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, revidx->nr)) {
-			error("bad packed object CRC for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
-			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-			goto no_reuse;
-		}
-
-		offset += entry->in_pack_header_size;
-		datalen -= entry->in_pack_header_size;
-		if (!pack_to_stdout && p->index_version == 1 &&
-		    check_pack_inflate(p, &w_curs, offset, datalen, entry->size)) {
-			error("corrupt packed object for %s", sha1_to_hex(entry->idx.sha1));
-			unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-			goto no_reuse;
-		}
-
-		if (type == OBJ_OFS_DELTA) {
-			off_t ofs = entry->idx.offset - entry->delta->idx.offset;
-			unsigned pos = sizeof(dheader) - 1;
-			dheader[pos] = ofs & 127;
-			while (ofs >>= 7)
-				dheader[--pos] = 128 | (--ofs & 127);
-			if (limit && hdrlen + sizeof(dheader) - pos + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-			sha1write(f, dheader + pos, sizeof(dheader) - pos);
-			hdrlen += sizeof(dheader) - pos;
-			reused_delta++;
-		} else if (type == OBJ_REF_DELTA) {
-			if (limit && hdrlen + 20 + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-			sha1write(f, entry->delta->idx.sha1, 20);
-			hdrlen += 20;
-			reused_delta++;
-		} else {
-			if (limit && hdrlen + datalen + 20 >= limit) {
-				unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-				return 0;
-			}
-			sha1write(f, header, hdrlen);
-		}
-		copy_pack_data(f, p, &w_curs, offset, datalen);
-		unuse_pack(&w_curs);
-		reused++;
-	}
 	if (usable_delta)
 		written_delta++;
 	written++;
 	if (!pack_to_stdout)
 		entry->idx.crc32 = crc32_end(f);
-	return hdrlen + datalen;
+	return len;
 }
 
-static int write_one(struct sha1file *f,
-			       struct object_entry *e,
-			       off_t *offset)
+enum write_one_status {
+	WRITE_ONE_SKIP = -1, /* already written */
+	WRITE_ONE_BREAK = 0, /* writing this will bust the limit; not written */
+	WRITE_ONE_WRITTEN = 1, /* normal */
+	WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE = 2 /* already scheduled to be written */
+};
+
+static enum write_one_status write_one(struct sha1file *f,
+				       struct object_entry *e,
+				       off_t *offset)
 {
 	unsigned long size;
+	int recursing;
 
-	/* offset is non zero if object is written already. */
-	if (e->idx.offset || e->preferred_base)
-		return -1;
+	/*
+	 * we set offset to 1 (which is an impossible value) to mark
+	 * the fact that this object is involved in "write its base
+	 * first before writing a deltified object" recursion.
+	 */
+	recursing = (e->idx.offset == 1);
+	if (recursing) {
+		warning("recursive delta detected for object %s",
+			sha1_to_hex(e->idx.sha1));
+		return WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE;
+	} else if (e->idx.offset || e->preferred_base) {
+		/* offset is non zero if object is written already. */
+		return WRITE_ONE_SKIP;
+	}
 
 	/* if we are deltified, write out base object first. */
-	if (e->delta && !write_one(f, e->delta, offset))
-		return 0;
+	if (e->delta) {
+		e->idx.offset = 1; /* now recurse */
+		switch (write_one(f, e->delta, offset)) {
+		case WRITE_ONE_RECURSIVE:
+			/* we cannot depend on this one */
+			e->delta = NULL;
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		case WRITE_ONE_BREAK:
+			e->idx.offset = recursing;
+			return WRITE_ONE_BREAK;
+		}
+	}
 
 	e->idx.offset = *offset;
 	size = write_object(f, e, *offset);
 	if (!size) {
-		e->idx.offset = 0;
-		return 0;
+		e->idx.offset = recursing;
+		return WRITE_ONE_BREAK;
 	}
 	written_list[nr_written++] = &e->idx;
 
@@ -435,7 +545,7 @@
 	if (signed_add_overflows(*offset, size))
 		die("pack too large for current definition of off_t");
 	*offset += size;
-	return 1;
+	return WRITE_ONE_WRITTEN;
 }
 
 static int mark_tagged(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
@@ -454,8 +564,8 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
-			       int *endp,
+static inline void add_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
+			       unsigned int *endp,
 			       struct object_entry *e)
 {
 	if (e->filled)
@@ -465,32 +575,62 @@
 }
 
 static void add_descendants_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
-					   int *endp,
+					   unsigned int *endp,
 					   struct object_entry *e)
 {
-	struct object_entry *child;
-
-	for (child = e->delta_child; child; child = child->delta_sibling)
-		add_to_write_order(wo, endp, child);
-	for (child = e->delta_child; child; child = child->delta_sibling)
-		add_descendants_to_write_order(wo, endp, child);
+	int add_to_order = 1;
+	while (e) {
+		if (add_to_order) {
+			struct object_entry *s;
+			/* add this node... */
+			add_to_write_order(wo, endp, e);
+			/* all its siblings... */
+			for (s = e->delta_sibling; s; s = s->delta_sibling) {
+				add_to_write_order(wo, endp, s);
+			}
+		}
+		/* drop down a level to add left subtree nodes if possible */
+		if (e->delta_child) {
+			add_to_order = 1;
+			e = e->delta_child;
+		} else {
+			add_to_order = 0;
+			/* our sibling might have some children, it is next */
+			if (e->delta_sibling) {
+				e = e->delta_sibling;
+				continue;
+			}
+			/* go back to our parent node */
+			e = e->delta;
+			while (e && !e->delta_sibling) {
+				/* we're on the right side of a subtree, keep
+				 * going up until we can go right again */
+				e = e->delta;
+			}
+			if (!e) {
+				/* done- we hit our original root node */
+				return;
+			}
+			/* pass it off to sibling at this level */
+			e = e->delta_sibling;
+		}
+	};
 }
 
 static void add_family_to_write_order(struct object_entry **wo,
-				      int *endp,
+				      unsigned int *endp,
 				      struct object_entry *e)
 {
 	struct object_entry *root;
 
 	for (root = e; root->delta; root = root->delta)
 		; /* nothing */
-	add_to_write_order(wo, endp, root);
 	add_descendants_to_write_order(wo, endp, root);
 }
 
 static struct object_entry **compute_write_order(void)
 {
-	int i, wo_end;
+	unsigned int i, wo_end, last_untagged;
 
 	struct object_entry **wo = xmalloc(nr_objects * sizeof(*wo));
 
@@ -506,8 +646,8 @@
 	 * Make sure delta_sibling is sorted in the original
 	 * recency order.
 	 */
-	for (i = nr_objects - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
-		struct object_entry *e = &objects[i];
+	for (i = nr_objects; i > 0;) {
+		struct object_entry *e = &objects[--i];
 		if (!e->delta)
 			continue;
 		/* Mark me as the first child */
@@ -521,7 +661,7 @@
 	for_each_tag_ref(mark_tagged, NULL);
 
 	/*
-	 * Give the commits in the original recency order until
+	 * Give the objects in the original recency order until
 	 * we see a tagged tip.
 	 */
 	for (i = wo_end = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
@@ -529,6 +669,7 @@
 			break;
 		add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
 	}
+	last_untagged = i;
 
 	/*
 	 * Then fill all the tagged tips.
@@ -541,7 +682,7 @@
 	/*
 	 * And then all remaining commits and tags.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+	for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		if (objects[i].type != OBJ_COMMIT &&
 		    objects[i].type != OBJ_TAG)
 			continue;
@@ -551,7 +692,7 @@
 	/*
 	 * And then all the trees.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+	for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		if (objects[i].type != OBJ_TREE)
 			continue;
 		add_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
@@ -560,8 +701,13 @@
 	/*
 	 * Finally all the rest in really tight order
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++)
-		add_family_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
+	for (i = last_untagged; i < nr_objects; i++) {
+		if (!objects[i].filled)
+			add_family_to_write_order(wo, &wo_end, &objects[i]);
+	}
+
+	if (wo_end != nr_objects)
+		die("ordered %u objects, expected %"PRIu32, wo_end, nr_objects);
 
 	return wo;
 }
@@ -571,7 +717,6 @@
 	uint32_t i = 0, j;
 	struct sha1file *f;
 	off_t offset;
-	struct pack_header hdr;
 	uint32_t nr_remaining = nr_result;
 	time_t last_mtime = 0;
 	struct object_entry **write_order;
@@ -585,26 +730,18 @@
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		char *pack_tmp_name = NULL;
 
-		if (pack_to_stdout) {
+		if (pack_to_stdout)
 			f = sha1fd_throughput(1, "<stdout>", progress_state);
-		} else {
-			char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
-			int fd;
-			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname),
-					 "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-			pack_tmp_name = xstrdup(tmpname);
-			f = sha1fd(fd, pack_tmp_name);
-		}
+		else
+			f = create_tmp_packfile(&pack_tmp_name);
 
-		hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
-		hdr.hdr_version = htonl(PACK_VERSION);
-		hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_remaining);
-		sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr));
-		offset = sizeof(hdr);
+		offset = write_pack_header(f, nr_remaining);
+		if (!offset)
+			die_errno("unable to write pack header");
 		nr_written = 0;
 		for (; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 			struct object_entry *e = write_order[i];
-			if (!write_one(f, e, &offset))
+			if (write_one(f, e, &offset) == WRITE_ONE_BREAK)
 				break;
 			display_progress(progress_state, written);
 		}
@@ -626,20 +763,8 @@
 
 		if (!pack_to_stdout) {
 			struct stat st;
-			const char *idx_tmp_name;
 			char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
 
-			idx_tmp_name = write_idx_file(NULL, written_list, nr_written,
-						      &pack_idx_opts, sha1);
-
-			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.pack",
-				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			free_pack_by_name(tmpname);
-			if (adjust_shared_perm(pack_tmp_name))
-				die_errno("unable to make temporary pack file readable");
-			if (rename(pack_tmp_name, tmpname))
-				die_errno("unable to rename temporary pack file");
-
 			/*
 			 * Packs are runtime accessed in their mtime
 			 * order since newer packs are more likely to contain
@@ -647,28 +772,27 @@
 			 * packs then we should modify the mtime of later ones
 			 * to preserve this property.
 			 */
-			if (stat(tmpname, &st) < 0) {
+			if (stat(pack_tmp_name, &st) < 0) {
 				warning("failed to stat %s: %s",
-					tmpname, strerror(errno));
+					pack_tmp_name, strerror(errno));
 			} else if (!last_mtime) {
 				last_mtime = st.st_mtime;
 			} else {
 				struct utimbuf utb;
 				utb.actime = st.st_atime;
 				utb.modtime = --last_mtime;
-				if (utime(tmpname, &utb) < 0)
+				if (utime(pack_tmp_name, &utb) < 0)
 					warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
 						tmpname, strerror(errno));
 			}
 
-			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-%s.idx",
-				 base_name, sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			if (adjust_shared_perm(idx_tmp_name))
-				die_errno("unable to make temporary index file readable");
-			if (rename(idx_tmp_name, tmpname))
-				die_errno("unable to rename temporary index file");
-
-			free((void *) idx_tmp_name);
+			/* Enough space for "-<sha-1>.pack"? */
+			if (sizeof(tmpname) <= strlen(base_name) + 50)
+				die("pack base name '%s' too long", base_name);
+			snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s-", base_name);
+			finish_tmp_packfile(tmpname, pack_tmp_name,
+					    written_list, nr_written,
+					    &pack_idx_opts, sha1);
 			free(pack_tmp_name);
 			puts(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 		}
@@ -804,6 +928,10 @@
 		off_t offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
 		if (offset) {
 			if (!found_pack) {
+				if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
+					warning("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+					continue;
+				}
 				found_offset = offset;
 				found_pack = p;
 			}
@@ -975,7 +1103,7 @@
 	while (tree_entry(tree,&entry)) {
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			continue;
-		cmp = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1) != cmplen ? 1 :
+		cmp = tree_entry_len(&entry) != cmplen ? 1 :
 		      memcmp(name, entry.path, cmplen);
 		if (cmp > 0)
 			continue;
@@ -1282,7 +1410,7 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_objects; i++) {
 		struct object_entry *entry = sorted_by_offset[i];
 		check_object(entry);
-		if (big_file_threshold <= entry->size)
+		if (big_file_threshold < entry->size)
 			entry->no_try_delta = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1385,11 +1513,16 @@
 		return -1;
 
 	/*
-	 * We do not bother to try a delta that we discarded
-	 * on an earlier try, but only when reusing delta data.
+	 * We do not bother to try a delta that we discarded on an
+	 * earlier try, but only when reusing delta data.  Note that
+	 * src_entry that is marked as the preferred_base should always
+	 * be considered, as even if we produce a suboptimal delta against
+	 * it, we will still save the transfer cost, as we already know
+	 * the other side has it and we won't send src_entry at all.
 	 */
 	if (reuse_delta && trg_entry->in_pack &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack == src_entry->in_pack &&
+	    !src_entry->preferred_base &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_REF_DELTA &&
 	    trg_entry->in_pack_type != OBJ_OFS_DELTA)
 		return 0;
@@ -1900,7 +2033,6 @@
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(path, "refs/tags/") && /* is a tag? */
 	    !peel_ref(path, peeled)        && /* peelable? */
-	    !is_null_sha1(peeled)          && /* annotated tag? */
 	    locate_object_entry(peeled))      /* object packed? */
 		add_object_entry(sha1, OBJ_TAG, NULL, 0);
 	return 0;
@@ -2027,10 +2159,6 @@
 			    pack_idx_opts.version);
 		return 0;
 	}
-	if (!strcmp(k, "pack.packsizelimit")) {
-		pack_size_limit_cfg = git_config_ulong(k, v);
-		return 0;
-	}
 	return git_default_config(k, v, cb);
 }
 
@@ -2204,6 +2332,10 @@
 		if (!p->pack_local || p->pack_keep)
 			continue;
 
+		if (unpack_unreachable_expiration &&
+		    p->mtime < unpack_unreachable_expiration)
+			continue;
+
 		if (open_pack_index(p))
 			die("cannot open pack index");
 
@@ -2240,7 +2372,7 @@
 			}
 			die("not a rev '%s'", line);
 		}
-		if (handle_revision_arg(line, &revs, flags, 1))
+		if (handle_revision_arg(line, &revs, flags, REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME))
 			die("bad revision '%s'", line);
 	}
 
@@ -2255,204 +2387,175 @@
 		loosen_unused_packed_objects(&revs);
 }
 
+static int option_parse_index_version(const struct option *opt,
+				      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	char *c;
+	const char *val = arg;
+	pack_idx_opts.version = strtoul(val, &c, 10);
+	if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
+		die(_("unsupported index version %s"), val);
+	if (*c == ',' && c[1])
+		pack_idx_opts.off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
+	if (*c || pack_idx_opts.off32_limit & 0x80000000)
+		die(_("bad index version '%s'"), val);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_unpack_unreachable(const struct option *opt,
+					   const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset) {
+		unpack_unreachable = 0;
+		unpack_unreachable_expiration = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+		unpack_unreachable = 1;
+		if (arg)
+			unpack_unreachable_expiration = approxidate(arg);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int option_parse_ulong(const struct option *opt,
+			      const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	if (unset)
+		die(_("option %s does not accept negative form"),
+		    opt->long_name);
+
+	if (!git_parse_ulong(arg, opt->value))
+		die(_("unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"),
+		    arg, opt->long_name);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#define OPT_ULONG(s, l, v, h) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "n", (h),	\
+	  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, option_parse_ulong }
+
 int cmd_pack_objects(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int use_internal_rev_list = 0;
 	int thin = 0;
 	int all_progress_implied = 0;
-	uint32_t i;
-	const char **rp_av;
-	int rp_ac_alloc = 64;
-	int rp_ac;
+	const char *rp_av[6];
+	int rp_ac = 0;
+	int rev_list_unpacked = 0, rev_list_all = 0, rev_list_reflog = 0;
+	struct option pack_objects_options[] = {
+		OPT_SET_INT('q', "quiet", &progress,
+			    N_("do not show progress meter"), 0),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "progress", &progress,
+			    N_("show progress meter"), 1),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "all-progress", &progress,
+			    N_("show progress meter during object writing phase"), 2),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "all-progress-implied",
+			 &all_progress_implied,
+			 N_("similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-version", NULL, N_("version[,offset]"),
+		  N_("write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"),
+		  0, option_parse_index_version },
+		OPT_ULONG(0, "max-pack-size", &pack_size_limit,
+			  N_("maximum size of each output pack file")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "local", &local,
+			 N_("ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "incremental", &incremental,
+			 N_("ignore packed objects")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "window", &window,
+			    N_("limit pack window by objects")),
+		OPT_ULONG(0, "window-memory", &window_memory_limit,
+			  N_("limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "depth", &depth,
+			    N_("maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "reuse-delta", &reuse_delta,
+			 N_("reuse existing deltas")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "reuse-object", &reuse_object,
+			 N_("reuse existing objects")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "delta-base-offset", &allow_ofs_delta,
+			 N_("use OFS_DELTA objects")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "threads", &delta_search_threads,
+			    N_("use threads when searching for best delta matches")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "non-empty", &non_empty,
+			 N_("do not create an empty pack output")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "revs", &use_internal_rev_list,
+			 N_("read revision arguments from standard input")),
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "unpacked", &rev_list_unpacked, NULL,
+		  N_("limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "all", &rev_list_all, NULL,
+		  N_("include objects reachable from any reference"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "reflog", &rev_list_reflog, NULL,
+		  N_("include objects referred by reflog entries"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "stdout", &pack_to_stdout,
+			 N_("output pack to stdout")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "include-tag", &include_tag,
+			 N_("include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "keep-unreachable", &keep_unreachable,
+			 N_("keep unreachable objects")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "unpack-unreachable", NULL, N_("time"),
+		  N_("unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"),
+		  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_unpack_unreachable },
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "thin", &thin,
+			 N_("create thin packs")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "honor-pack-keep", &ignore_packed_keep,
+			 N_("ignore packs that have companion .keep file")),
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "compression", &pack_compression_level,
+			    N_("pack compression level")),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "keep-true-parents", &grafts_replace_parents,
+			    N_("do not hide commits by grafts"), 0),
+		OPT_END(),
+	};
 
 	read_replace_refs = 0;
 
-	rp_av = xcalloc(rp_ac_alloc, sizeof(*rp_av));
-
-	rp_av[0] = "pack-objects";
-	rp_av[1] = "--objects"; /* --thin will make it --objects-edge */
-	rp_ac = 2;
-
 	reset_pack_idx_option(&pack_idx_opts);
 	git_config(git_pack_config, NULL);
 	if (!pack_compression_seen && core_compression_seen)
 		pack_compression_level = core_compression_level;
 
 	progress = isatty(2);
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, pack_objects_options,
+			     pack_usage, 0);
 
-		if (*arg != '-')
-			break;
+	if (argc) {
+		base_name = argv[0];
+		argc--;
+	}
+	if (pack_to_stdout != !base_name || argc)
+		usage_with_options(pack_usage, pack_objects_options);
 
-		if (!strcmp("--non-empty", arg)) {
-			non_empty = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--local", arg)) {
-			local = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--incremental", arg)) {
-			incremental = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--honor-pack-keep", arg)) {
-			ignore_packed_keep = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--compression=")) {
-			char *end;
-			int level = strtoul(arg+14, &end, 0);
-			if (!arg[14] || *end)
-				usage(pack_usage);
-			if (level == -1)
-				level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
-			else if (level < 0 || level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
-				die("bad pack compression level %d", level);
-			pack_compression_level = level;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--max-pack-size=")) {
-			pack_size_limit_cfg = 0;
-			if (!git_parse_ulong(arg+16, &pack_size_limit))
-				usage(pack_usage);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window=")) {
-			char *end;
-			window = strtoul(arg+9, &end, 0);
-			if (!arg[9] || *end)
-				usage(pack_usage);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--window-memory=")) {
-			if (!git_parse_ulong(arg+16, &window_memory_limit))
-				usage(pack_usage);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--threads=")) {
-			char *end;
-			delta_search_threads = strtoul(arg+10, &end, 0);
-			if (!arg[10] || *end || delta_search_threads < 0)
-				usage(pack_usage);
-#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
-			if (delta_search_threads != 1)
-				warning("no threads support, "
-					"ignoring %s", arg);
-#endif
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--depth=")) {
-			char *end;
-			depth = strtoul(arg+8, &end, 0);
-			if (!arg[8] || *end)
-				usage(pack_usage);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--progress", arg)) {
-			progress = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--all-progress", arg)) {
-			progress = 2;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--all-progress-implied", arg)) {
-			all_progress_implied = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("-q", arg)) {
-			progress = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-delta", arg)) {
-			reuse_delta = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--no-reuse-object", arg)) {
-			reuse_object = reuse_delta = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--delta-base-offset", arg)) {
-			allow_ofs_delta = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--stdout", arg)) {
-			pack_to_stdout = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--revs", arg)) {
-			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--keep-unreachable", arg)) {
-			keep_unreachable = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--unpack-unreachable", arg)) {
-			unpack_unreachable = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--include-tag", arg)) {
-			include_tag = 1;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--unpacked", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--reflog", arg) ||
-		    !strcmp("--all", arg)) {
-			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
-			if (rp_ac >= rp_ac_alloc - 1) {
-				rp_ac_alloc = alloc_nr(rp_ac_alloc);
-				rp_av = xrealloc(rp_av,
-						 rp_ac_alloc * sizeof(*rp_av));
-			}
-			rp_av[rp_ac++] = arg;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp("--thin", arg)) {
-			use_internal_rev_list = 1;
-			thin = 1;
-			rp_av[1] = "--objects-edge";
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--index-version=")) {
-			char *c;
-			pack_idx_opts.version = strtoul(arg + 16, &c, 10);
-			if (pack_idx_opts.version > 2)
-				die("bad %s", arg);
-			if (*c == ',')
-				pack_idx_opts.off32_limit = strtoul(c+1, &c, 0);
-			if (*c || pack_idx_opts.off32_limit & 0x80000000)
-				die("bad %s", arg);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (!strcmp(arg, "--keep-true-parents")) {
-			grafts_replace_parents = 0;
-			continue;
-		}
-		usage(pack_usage);
+	rp_av[rp_ac++] = "pack-objects";
+	if (thin) {
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+		rp_av[rp_ac++] = "--objects-edge";
+	} else
+		rp_av[rp_ac++] = "--objects";
+
+	if (rev_list_all) {
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+		rp_av[rp_ac++] = "--all";
+	}
+	if (rev_list_reflog) {
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+		rp_av[rp_ac++] = "--reflog";
+	}
+	if (rev_list_unpacked) {
+		use_internal_rev_list = 1;
+		rp_av[rp_ac++] = "--unpacked";
 	}
 
-	/* Traditionally "pack-objects [options] base extra" failed;
-	 * we would however want to take refs parameter that would
-	 * have been given to upstream rev-list ourselves, which means
-	 * we somehow want to say what the base name is.  So the
-	 * syntax would be:
-	 *
-	 * pack-objects [options] base <refs...>
-	 *
-	 * in other words, we would treat the first non-option as the
-	 * base_name and send everything else to the internal revision
-	 * walker.
-	 */
-
-	if (!pack_to_stdout)
-		base_name = argv[i++];
-
-	if (pack_to_stdout != !base_name)
-		usage(pack_usage);
-
+	if (!reuse_object)
+		reuse_delta = 0;
+	if (pack_compression_level == -1)
+		pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+	else if (pack_compression_level < 0 || pack_compression_level > Z_BEST_COMPRESSION)
+		die("bad pack compression level %d", pack_compression_level);
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	if (delta_search_threads != 1)
+		warning("no threads support, ignoring --threads");
+#endif
 	if (!pack_to_stdout && !pack_size_limit)
 		pack_size_limit = pack_size_limit_cfg;
 	if (pack_to_stdout && pack_size_limit)
diff --git a/builtin/pack-redundant.c b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
index f5c6afc..649c3aa 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-redundant.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-redundant.c
@@ -301,14 +301,14 @@
  */
 static struct pll * get_permutations(struct pack_list *list, int n)
 {
-	struct pll *subset, *ret = NULL, *new_pll = NULL, *pll;
+	struct pll *subset, *ret = NULL, *new_pll = NULL;
 
 	if (list == NULL || pack_list_size(list) < n || n == 0)
 		return NULL;
 
 	if (n == 1) {
 		while (list) {
-			new_pll = xmalloc(sizeof(pll));
+			new_pll = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_pll));
 			new_pll->pl = NULL;
 			pack_list_insert(&new_pll->pl, list);
 			new_pll->next = ret;
@@ -321,7 +321,7 @@
 	while (list->next) {
 		subset = get_permutations(list->next, n - 1);
 		while (subset) {
-			new_pll = xmalloc(sizeof(pll));
+			new_pll = xmalloc(sizeof(*new_pll));
 			new_pll->pl = subset->pl;
 			pack_list_insert(&new_pll->pl, list);
 			new_pll->next = ret;
diff --git a/builtin/pack-refs.c b/builtin/pack-refs.c
index 39a9d89..b5a0f88 100644
--- a/builtin/pack-refs.c
+++ b/builtin/pack-refs.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "pack-refs.h"
 
 static char const * const pack_refs_usage[] = {
-	"git pack-refs [options]",
+	N_("git pack-refs [options]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -11,8 +11,8 @@
 {
 	unsigned int flags = PACK_REFS_PRUNE;
 	struct option opts[] = {
-		OPT_BIT(0, "all",   &flags, "pack everything", PACK_REFS_ALL),
-		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, "prune loose refs (default)", PACK_REFS_PRUNE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "all",   &flags, N_("pack everything"), PACK_REFS_ALL),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, N_("prune loose refs (default)"), PACK_REFS_PRUNE),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 	if (parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, opts, pack_refs_usage, 0))
diff --git a/builtin/prune-packed.c b/builtin/prune-packed.c
index f9463de..83382c1 100644
--- a/builtin/prune-packed.c
+++ b/builtin/prune-packed.c
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const prune_packed_usage[] = {
-	"git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]",
+	N_("git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -35,8 +35,6 @@
 			unlink_or_warn(pathname);
 		display_progress(progress, i + 1);
 	}
-	pathname[len] = 0;
-	rmdir(pathname);
 }
 
 void prune_packed_objects(int opts)
@@ -65,6 +63,8 @@
 			continue;
 		prune_dir(i, d, pathname, len + 3, opts);
 		closedir(d);
+		pathname[len + 2] = '\0';
+		rmdir(pathname);
 	}
 	stop_progress(&progress);
 }
@@ -73,8 +73,8 @@
 {
 	int opts = isatty(2) ? VERBOSE : 0;
 	const struct option prune_packed_options[] = {
-		OPT_BIT('n', "dry-run", &opts, "dry run", DRY_RUN),
-		OPT_NEGBIT('q', "quiet", &opts, "be quiet", VERBOSE),
+		OPT_BIT('n', "dry-run", &opts, N_("dry run"), DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_NEGBIT('q', "quiet", &opts, N_("be quiet"), VERBOSE),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/prune.c b/builtin/prune.c
index e65690b..8cb8b91 100644
--- a/builtin/prune.c
+++ b/builtin/prune.c
@@ -5,15 +5,17 @@
 #include "builtin.h"
 #include "reachable.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "progress.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 
 static const char * const prune_usage[] = {
-	"git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]",
+	N_("git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 static int show_only;
 static int verbose;
 static unsigned long expire;
+static int show_progress = -1;
 
 static int prune_tmp_object(const char *path, const char *filename)
 {
@@ -23,7 +25,8 @@
 		return error("Could not stat '%s'", fullpath);
 	if (st.st_mtime > expire)
 		return 0;
-	printf("Removing stale temporary file %s\n", fullpath);
+	if (show_only || verbose)
+		printf("Removing stale temporary file %s\n", fullpath);
 	if (!show_only)
 		unlink_or_warn(fullpath);
 	return 0;
@@ -83,9 +86,9 @@
 		}
 		fprintf(stderr, "bad sha1 file: %s/%s\n", path, de->d_name);
 	}
+	closedir(dir);
 	if (!show_only)
 		rmdir(path);
-	closedir(dir);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -124,11 +127,13 @@
 int cmd_prune(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct rev_info revs;
+	struct progress *progress = NULL;
 	const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "do not remove, show only"),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "report pruned objects"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("do not remove, show only")),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("report pruned objects")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &show_progress, N_("show progress")),
 		OPT_DATE(0, "expire", &expire,
-			 "expire objects older than <time>"),
+			 N_("expire objects older than <time>")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	char *s;
@@ -152,12 +157,19 @@
 		else
 			die("unrecognized argument: %s", name);
 	}
-	mark_reachable_objects(&revs, 1);
+
+	if (show_progress == -1)
+		show_progress = isatty(2);
+	if (show_progress)
+		progress = start_progress_delay("Checking connectivity", 0, 0, 2);
+
+	mark_reachable_objects(&revs, 1, progress);
+	stop_progress(&progress);
 	prune_object_dir(get_object_directory());
 
 	prune_packed_objects(show_only);
 	remove_temporary_files(get_object_directory());
-	s = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/pack", get_object_directory()));
+	s = mkpathdup("%s/pack", get_object_directory());
 	remove_temporary_files(s);
 	free(s);
 	return 0;
diff --git a/builtin/push.c b/builtin/push.c
index 35cce53..42b129d 100644
--- a/builtin/push.c
+++ b/builtin/push.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 #include "submodule.h"
 
 static const char * const push_usage[] = {
-	"git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]",
+	N_("git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"),
 	NULL,
 };
 
@@ -19,11 +19,12 @@
 static int deleterefs;
 static const char *receivepack;
 static int verbosity;
-static int progress;
+static int progress = -1;
 
 static const char **refspec;
 static int refspec_nr;
 static int refspec_alloc;
+static int default_matching_used;
 
 static void add_refspec(const char *ref)
 {
@@ -65,7 +66,54 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static void setup_push_upstream(struct remote *remote)
+static int push_url_of_remote(struct remote *remote, const char ***url_p)
+{
+	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
+		*url_p = remote->pushurl;
+		return remote->pushurl_nr;
+	}
+	*url_p = remote->url;
+	return remote->url_nr;
+}
+
+static NORETURN int die_push_simple(struct branch *branch, struct remote *remote) {
+	/*
+	 * There's no point in using shorten_unambiguous_ref here,
+	 * as the ambiguity would be on the remote side, not what
+	 * we have locally. Plus, this is supposed to be the simple
+	 * mode. If the user is doing something crazy like setting
+	 * upstream to a non-branch, we should probably be showing
+	 * them the big ugly fully qualified ref.
+	 */
+	const char *advice_maybe = "";
+	const char *short_upstream =
+		skip_prefix(branch->merge[0]->src, "refs/heads/");
+
+	if (!short_upstream)
+		short_upstream = branch->merge[0]->src;
+	/*
+	 * Don't show advice for people who explicitely set
+	 * push.default.
+	 */
+	if (push_default == PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED)
+		advice_maybe = _("\n"
+				 "To choose either option permanently, "
+				 "see push.default in 'git help config'.");
+	die(_("The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+	      "the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+	      "on the remote, use\n"
+	      "\n"
+	      "    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+	      "\n"
+	      "To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+	      "\n"
+	      "    git push %s %s\n"
+	      "%s"),
+	    remote->name, short_upstream,
+	    remote->name, branch->name, advice_maybe);
+}
+
+static void setup_push_upstream(struct remote *remote, int simple)
 {
 	struct strbuf refspec = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct branch *branch = branch_get(NULL);
@@ -76,7 +124,7 @@
 		    "\n"
 		    "    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"),
 		    remote->name);
-	if (!branch->merge_nr || !branch->merge)
+	if (!branch->merge_nr || !branch->merge || !branch->remote_name)
 		die(_("The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
 		    "To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
 		    "\n"
@@ -87,20 +135,60 @@
 	if (branch->merge_nr != 1)
 		die(_("The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, "
 		    "refusing to push."), branch->name);
+	if (strcmp(branch->remote_name, remote->name))
+		die(_("You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+		      "your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+		      "to update which remote branch."),
+		    remote->name, branch->name);
+	if (simple && strcmp(branch->refname, branch->merge[0]->src))
+		die_push_simple(branch, remote);
+
 	strbuf_addf(&refspec, "%s:%s", branch->name, branch->merge[0]->src);
 	add_refspec(refspec.buf);
 }
 
+static char warn_unspecified_push_default_msg[] =
+N_("push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+   "Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+   "and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+   "\n"
+   "  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+   "\n"
+   "To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+   "\n"
+   "  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+   "\n"
+   "See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further information.\n"
+   "(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+   "'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)");
+
+static void warn_unspecified_push_default_configuration(void)
+{
+	static int warn_once;
+
+	if (warn_once++)
+		return;
+	warning("%s\n", _(warn_unspecified_push_default_msg));
+}
+
 static void setup_default_push_refspecs(struct remote *remote)
 {
 	switch (push_default) {
 	default:
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED:
+		default_matching_used = 1;
+		warn_unspecified_push_default_configuration();
+		/* fallthru */
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING:
 		add_refspec(":");
 		break;
 
+	case PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE:
+		setup_push_upstream(remote, 1);
+		break;
+
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM:
-		setup_push_upstream(remote);
+		setup_push_upstream(remote, 0);
 		break;
 
 	case PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT:
@@ -114,10 +202,85 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static const char message_advice_pull_before_push[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+	   "its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+	   "before pushing again.\n"
+	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");
+
+static const char message_advice_use_upstream[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+	   "counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+	   "specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+	   "to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch.");
+
+static const char message_advice_checkout_pull_push[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+	   "counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+	   "(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");
+
+static const char message_advice_ref_fetch_first[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because the remote contains work that you do\n"
+	   "not have locally. This is usually caused by another repository pushing\n"
+	   "to the same ref. You may want to first merge the remote changes (e.g.,\n"
+	   "'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+	   "See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details.");
+
+static const char message_advice_ref_already_exists[] =
+	N_("Updates were rejected because the tag already exists in the remote.");
+
+static const char message_advice_ref_needs_force[] =
+	N_("You cannot update a remote ref that points at a non-commit object,\n"
+	   "or update a remote ref to make it point at a non-commit object,\n"
+	   "without using the '--force' option.\n");
+
+static void advise_pull_before_push(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_current || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_pull_before_push));
+}
+
+static void advise_use_upstream(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_default || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_use_upstream));
+}
+
+static void advise_checkout_pull_push(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_non_ff_matching || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_checkout_pull_push));
+}
+
+static void advise_ref_already_exists(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_already_exists || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_already_exists));
+}
+
+static void advise_ref_fetch_first(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_fetch_first || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_fetch_first));
+}
+
+static void advise_ref_needs_force(void)
+{
+	if (!advice_push_needs_force || !advice_push_update_rejected)
+		return;
+	advise(_(message_advice_ref_needs_force));
+}
+
 static int push_with_options(struct transport *transport, int flags)
 {
 	int err;
-	int nonfastforward;
+	unsigned int reject_reasons;
 
 	transport_set_verbosity(transport, verbosity, progress);
 
@@ -130,19 +293,27 @@
 	if (verbosity > 0)
 		fprintf(stderr, _("Pushing to %s\n"), transport->url);
 	err = transport_push(transport, refspec_nr, refspec, flags,
-			     &nonfastforward);
+			     &reject_reasons);
 	if (err != 0)
 		error(_("failed to push some refs to '%s'"), transport->url);
 
 	err |= transport_disconnect(transport);
-
 	if (!err)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (nonfastforward && advice_push_nonfastforward) {
-		fprintf(stderr, _("To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
-				"Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the\n"
-				"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"));
+	if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD) {
+		advise_pull_before_push();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER) {
+		if (default_matching_used)
+			advise_use_upstream();
+		else
+			advise_checkout_pull_push();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+		advise_ref_already_exists();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
+		advise_ref_fetch_first();
+	} else if (reject_reasons & REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
+		advise_ref_needs_force();
 	}
 
 	return 1;
@@ -196,13 +367,7 @@
 			setup_default_push_refspecs(remote);
 	}
 	errs = 0;
-	if (remote->pushurl_nr) {
-		url = remote->pushurl;
-		url_nr = remote->pushurl_nr;
-	} else {
-		url = remote->url;
-		url_nr = remote->url_nr;
-	}
+	url_nr = push_url_of_remote(remote, &url);
 	if (url_nr) {
 		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++) {
 			struct transport *transport =
@@ -224,13 +389,21 @@
 				   const char *arg, int unset)
 {
 	int *flags = opt->value;
+
+	if (*flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK |
+		      TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND))
+		die("%s can only be used once.", opt->long_name);
+
 	if (arg) {
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "check"))
 			*flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg, "on-demand"))
+			*flags |= TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND;
 		else
 			die("bad %s argument: %s", opt->long_name, arg);
 	} else
-		die("option %s needs an argument (check)", opt->long_name);
+		die("option %s needs an argument (check|on-demand)",
+				opt->long_name);
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -243,24 +416,27 @@
 	const char *repo = NULL;	/* default repository */
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__VERBOSITY(&verbosity),
-		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, "repository", "repository"),
-		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, "push all refs", TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
-		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, "mirror all refs",
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "repo", &repo, N_("repository"), N_("repository")),
+		OPT_BIT( 0 , "all", &flags, N_("push all refs"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_ALL),
+		OPT_BIT( 0 , "mirror", &flags, N_("mirror all refs"),
 			    (TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR|TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE)),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0, "delete", &deleterefs, "delete refs"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "tags", &tags, "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"),
-		OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, "dry run", TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
-		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, "machine-readable output", TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
-		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, "force updates", TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &flags, "check",
-			"controls recursive pushing of submodules",
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0, "delete", &deleterefs, N_("delete refs")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "tags", &tags, N_("push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)")),
+		OPT_BIT('n' , "dry-run", &flags, N_("dry run"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN),
+		OPT_BIT( 0,  "porcelain", &flags, N_("machine-readable output"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN),
+		OPT_BIT('f', "force", &flags, N_("force updates"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "recurse-submodules", &flags, N_("check"),
+			N_("control recursive pushing of submodules"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, option_parse_recurse_submodules },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "thin", &thin, "use thin pack"),
-		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", "receive pack program"),
-		OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", "receive pack program"),
-		OPT_BIT('u', "set-upstream", &flags, "set upstream for git pull/status",
+		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "thin", &thin, N_("use thin pack")),
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "receive-pack", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
+		OPT_STRING( 0 , "exec", &receivepack, "receive-pack", N_("receive pack program")),
+		OPT_BIT('u', "set-upstream", &flags, N_("set upstream for git pull/status"),
 			TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "progress", &progress, "force progress reporting"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "progress", &progress, N_("force progress reporting")),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "prune", &flags, N_("prune locally removed refs"),
+			TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE),
+		OPT_BIT(0, "no-verify", &flags, N_("bypass pre-push hook"), TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/read-tree.c b/builtin/read-tree.c
index df6c4c8..042ac1b 100644
--- a/builtin/read-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/read-tree.c
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const read_tree_usage[] = {
-	"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])",
+	N_("git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -104,37 +104,37 @@
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
 	int prefix_set = 0;
 	const struct option read_tree_options[] = {
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, "file",
-		  "write resulting index to <file>",
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "index-output", NULL, N_("file"),
+		  N_("write resulting index to <file>"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, index_output_cb },
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "empty", &read_empty,
-			    "only empty the index", 1),
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update, "be verbose"),
-		OPT_GROUP("Merging"),
+			    N_("only empty the index"), 1),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&opts.verbose_update, N_("be verbose")),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Merging")),
 		OPT_SET_INT('m', NULL, &opts.merge,
-			    "perform a merge in addition to a read", 1),
+			    N_("perform a merge in addition to a read"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "trivial", &opts.trivial_merges_only,
-			    "3-way merge if no file level merging required", 1),
+			    N_("3-way merge if no file level merging required"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "aggressive", &opts.aggressive,
-			    "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes", 1),
+			    N_("3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "reset", &opts.reset,
-			    "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries", 1),
-		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &opts.prefix, "<subdirectory>/",
-		  "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/",
+			    N_("same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"), 1),
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &opts.prefix, N_("<subdirectory>/"),
+		  N_("read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
 		OPT_SET_INT('u', NULL, &opts.update,
-			    "update working tree with merge result", 1),
+			    N_("update working tree with merge result"), 1),
 		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-per-directory", &opts,
-		  "gitignore",
-		  "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten",
+		  N_("gitignore"),
+		  N_("allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_per_directory_cb },
 		OPT_SET_INT('i', NULL, &opts.index_only,
-			    "don't check the working tree after merging", 1),
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&opts.dry_run, "don't update the index or the work tree"),
+			    N_("don't check the working tree after merging"), 1),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&opts.dry_run, N_("don't update the index or the work tree")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "no-sparse-checkout", &opts.skip_sparse_checkout,
-			    "skip applying sparse checkout filter", 1),
+			    N_("skip applying sparse checkout filter"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "debug-unpack", &opts.debug_unpack,
-			    "debug unpack-trees", 1),
+			    N_("debug unpack-trees"), 1),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/receive-pack.c b/builtin/receive-pack.c
index 261b610..e8878de 100644
--- a/builtin/receive-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/receive-pack.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "sha1-array.h"
 #include "connected.h"
+#include "version.h"
 
 static const char receive_pack_usage[] = "git receive-pack <git-dir>";
 
@@ -33,10 +34,12 @@
 static int unpack_limit = 100;
 static int report_status;
 static int use_sideband;
+static int quiet;
 static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
 static int auto_update_server_info;
 static int auto_gc = 1;
 static const char *head_name;
+static void *head_name_to_free;
 static int sent_capabilities;
 
 static enum deny_action parse_deny_action(const char *var, const char *value)
@@ -114,20 +117,20 @@
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
-static int show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static void show_ref(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	if (sent_capabilities)
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), path);
 	else
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s\n",
+		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s agent=%s\n",
 			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), path, 0,
-			     " report-status delete-refs side-band-64k",
-			     prefer_ofs_delta ? " ofs-delta" : "");
+			     " report-status delete-refs side-band-64k quiet",
+			     prefer_ofs_delta ? " ofs-delta" : "",
+			     git_user_agent_sanitized());
 	sent_capabilities = 1;
-	return 0;
 }
 
-static int show_ref_cb(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+static int show_ref_cb(const char *path, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *unused)
 {
 	path = strip_namespace(path);
 	/*
@@ -140,15 +143,33 @@
 	 */
 	if (!path)
 		path = ".have";
-	return show_ref(path, sha1, flag, cb_data);
+	show_ref(path, sha1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void show_one_alternate_sha1(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *unused)
+{
+	show_ref(".have", sha1);
+}
+
+static void collect_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *data)
+{
+	struct sha1_array *sa = data;
+	sha1_array_append(sa, ref->old_sha1);
 }
 
 static void write_head_info(void)
 {
+	struct sha1_array sa = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
+	for_each_alternate_ref(collect_one_alternate_ref, &sa);
+	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&sa, show_one_alternate_sha1, NULL);
+	sha1_array_clear(&sa);
 	for_each_ref(show_ref_cb, NULL);
 	if (!sent_capabilities)
-		show_ref("capabilities^{}", null_sha1, 0, NULL);
+		show_ref("capabilities^{}", null_sha1);
 
+	/* EOF */
+	packet_flush(1);
 }
 
 struct command {
@@ -161,9 +182,6 @@
 	char ref_name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-static const char pre_receive_hook[] = "hooks/pre-receive";
-static const char post_receive_hook[] = "hooks/post-receive";
-
 static void rp_error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 static void rp_warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
@@ -221,10 +239,10 @@
 	const char *argv[2];
 	int code;
 
-	if (access(hook_name, X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook(hook_name);
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = hook_name;
 	argv[1] = NULL;
 
 	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
@@ -310,15 +328,14 @@
 
 static int run_update_hook(struct command *cmd)
 {
-	static const char update_hook[] = "hooks/update";
 	const char *argv[5];
 	struct child_process proc;
 	int code;
 
-	if (access(update_hook, X_OK) < 0)
+	argv[0] = find_hook("update");
+	if (!argv[0])
 		return 0;
 
-	argv[0] = update_hook;
 	argv[1] = cmd->ref_name;
 	argv[2] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->old_sha1);
 	argv[3] = sha1_to_hex(cmd->new_sha1);
@@ -459,7 +476,6 @@
 	    !prefixcmp(name, "refs/heads/")) {
 		struct object *old_object, *new_object;
 		struct commit *old_commit, *new_commit;
-		struct commit_list *bases, *ent;
 
 		old_object = parse_object(old_sha1);
 		new_object = parse_object(new_sha1);
@@ -472,12 +488,7 @@
 		}
 		old_commit = (struct commit *)old_object;
 		new_commit = (struct commit *)new_object;
-		bases = get_merge_bases(old_commit, new_commit, 1);
-		for (ent = bases; ent; ent = ent->next)
-			if (!hashcmp(old_sha1, ent->item->object.sha1))
-				break;
-		free_commit_list(bases);
-		if (!ent) {
+		if (!in_merge_bases(old_commit, new_commit)) {
 			rp_error("denying non-fast-forward %s"
 				 " (you should pull first)", name);
 			return "non-fast-forward";
@@ -517,24 +528,25 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static char update_post_hook[] = "hooks/post-update";
-
 static void run_update_post_hook(struct command *commands)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
 	int argc;
 	const char **argv;
 	struct child_process proc;
+	char *hook;
 
+	hook = find_hook("post-update");
 	for (argc = 0, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		if (cmd->error_string || cmd->did_not_exist)
 			continue;
 		argc++;
 	}
-	if (!argc || access(update_post_hook, X_OK) < 0)
+	if (!argc || !hook)
 		return;
+
 	argv = xmalloc(sizeof(*argv) * (2 + argc));
-	argv[0] = update_post_hook;
+	argv[0] = hook;
 
 	for (argc = 1, cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
 		char *p;
@@ -571,7 +583,7 @@
 	int flag;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s%s", get_git_namespace(), cmd->ref_name);
-	dst_name = resolve_ref(buf.buf, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	dst_name = resolve_ref_unsafe(buf.buf, sha1, 0, &flag);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
 	if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
@@ -623,8 +635,10 @@
 	}
 	sort_string_list(&ref_list);
 
-	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
-		check_aliased_update(cmd, &ref_list);
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+		if (!cmd->error_string)
+			check_aliased_update(cmd, &ref_list);
+	}
 
 	string_list_clear(&ref_list, 0);
 }
@@ -634,7 +648,7 @@
 	struct command **cmd_list = cb_data;
 	struct command *cmd = *cmd_list;
 
-	if (!cmd)
+	if (!cmd || is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1))
 		return -1; /* end of list */
 	*cmd_list = NULL; /* this returns only one */
 	hashcpy(sha1, cmd->new_sha1);
@@ -659,11 +673,16 @@
 	struct command **cmd_list = cb_data;
 	struct command *cmd = *cmd_list;
 
-	if (!cmd)
-		return -1; /* end of list */
-	*cmd_list = cmd->next;
-	hashcpy(sha1, cmd->new_sha1);
-	return 0;
+	while (cmd) {
+		if (!is_null_sha1(cmd->new_sha1)) {
+			hashcpy(sha1, cmd->new_sha1);
+			*cmd_list = cmd->next;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		cmd = cmd->next;
+	}
+	*cmd_list = NULL;
+	return -1; /* end of list */
 }
 
 static void execute_commands(struct command *commands, const char *unpacker_error)
@@ -673,7 +692,7 @@
 
 	if (unpacker_error) {
 		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
-			cmd->error_string = "n/a (unpacker error)";
+			cmd->error_string = "unpacker error";
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -682,19 +701,28 @@
 				       0, &cmd))
 		set_connectivity_errors(commands);
 
-	if (run_receive_hook(commands, pre_receive_hook, 0)) {
-		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
-			cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
+	if (run_receive_hook(commands, "pre-receive", 0)) {
+		for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+			if (!cmd->error_string)
+				cmd->error_string = "pre-receive hook declined";
+		}
 		return;
 	}
 
 	check_aliased_updates(commands);
 
-	head_name = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
+	free(head_name_to_free);
+	head_name = head_name_to_free = resolve_refdup("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 
-	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next)
-		if (!cmd->skip_update)
-			cmd->error_string = update(cmd);
+	for (cmd = commands; cmd; cmd = cmd->next) {
+		if (cmd->error_string)
+			continue;
+
+		if (cmd->skip_update)
+			continue;
+
+		cmd->error_string = update(cmd);
+	}
 }
 
 static struct command *read_head_info(void)
@@ -724,10 +752,13 @@
 		refname = line + 82;
 		reflen = strlen(refname);
 		if (reflen + 82 < len) {
-			if (strstr(refname + reflen + 1, "report-status"))
+			const char *feature_list = refname + reflen + 1;
+			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "report-status"))
 				report_status = 1;
-			if (strstr(refname + reflen + 1, "side-band-64k"))
+			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "side-band-64k"))
 				use_sideband = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
+			if (parse_feature_request(feature_list, "quiet"))
+				quiet = 1;
 		}
 		cmd = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct command) + len - 80);
 		hashcpy(cmd->old_sha1, old_sha1);
@@ -761,7 +792,7 @@
 
 static const char *pack_lockfile;
 
-static const char *unpack(void)
+static const char *unpack(int err_fd)
 {
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	const char *hdr_err;
@@ -781,13 +812,21 @@
 
 	if (ntohl(hdr.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit) {
 		int code, i = 0;
-		const char *unpacker[4];
+		struct child_process child;
+		const char *unpacker[5];
 		unpacker[i++] = "unpack-objects";
+		if (quiet)
+			unpacker[i++] = "-q";
 		if (fsck_objects)
 			unpacker[i++] = "--strict";
 		unpacker[i++] = hdr_arg;
 		unpacker[i++] = NULL;
-		code = run_command_v_opt(unpacker, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+		memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+		child.argv = unpacker;
+		child.no_stdout = 1;
+		child.err = err_fd;
+		child.git_cmd = 1;
+		code = run_command(&child);
 		if (!code)
 			return NULL;
 		return "unpack-objects abnormal exit";
@@ -812,6 +851,7 @@
 		memset(&ip, 0, sizeof(ip));
 		ip.argv = keeper;
 		ip.out = -1;
+		ip.err = err_fd;
 		ip.git_cmd = 1;
 		status = start_command(&ip);
 		if (status) {
@@ -828,6 +868,26 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static const char *unpack_with_sideband(void)
+{
+	struct async muxer;
+	const char *ret;
+
+	if (!use_sideband)
+		return unpack(0);
+
+	memset(&muxer, 0, sizeof(muxer));
+	muxer.proc = copy_to_sideband;
+	muxer.in = -1;
+	if (start_async(&muxer))
+		return NULL;
+
+	ret = unpack(muxer.in);
+
+	finish_async(&muxer);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static void report(struct command *commands, const char *unpack_status)
 {
 	struct command *cmd;
@@ -862,25 +922,6 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static void add_one_alternate_sha1(const unsigned char sha1[20], void *unused)
-{
-	add_extra_ref(".have", sha1, 0);
-}
-
-static void collect_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *data)
-{
-	struct sha1_array *sa = data;
-	sha1_array_append(sa, ref->old_sha1);
-}
-
-static void add_alternate_refs(void)
-{
-	struct sha1_array sa = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
-	for_each_alternate_ref(collect_one_alternate_ref, &sa);
-	sha1_array_for_each_unique(&sa, add_one_alternate_sha1, NULL);
-	sha1_array_clear(&sa);
-}
-
 int cmd_receive_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int advertise_refs = 0;
@@ -896,6 +937,11 @@
 		const char *arg = *argv++;
 
 		if (*arg == '-') {
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
+				quiet = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--advertise-refs")) {
 				advertise_refs = 1;
 				continue;
@@ -930,12 +976,7 @@
 		unpack_limit = receive_unpack_limit;
 
 	if (advertise_refs || !stateless_rpc) {
-		add_alternate_refs();
 		write_head_info();
-		clear_extra_refs();
-
-		/* EOF */
-		packet_flush(1);
 	}
 	if (advertise_refs)
 		return 0;
@@ -944,19 +985,20 @@
 		const char *unpack_status = NULL;
 
 		if (!delete_only(commands))
-			unpack_status = unpack();
+			unpack_status = unpack_with_sideband();
 		execute_commands(commands, unpack_status);
 		if (pack_lockfile)
 			unlink_or_warn(pack_lockfile);
 		if (report_status)
 			report(commands, unpack_status);
-		run_receive_hook(commands, post_receive_hook, 1);
+		run_receive_hook(commands, "post-receive", 1);
 		run_update_post_hook(commands);
 		if (auto_gc) {
 			const char *argv_gc_auto[] = {
 				"gc", "--auto", "--quiet", NULL,
 			};
-			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+			int opt = RUN_GIT_CMD | RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR;
+			run_command_v_opt(argv_gc_auto, opt);
 		}
 		if (auto_update_server_info)
 			update_server_info(0);
diff --git a/builtin/reflog.c b/builtin/reflog.c
index 3a9c80f..1fedf66 100644
--- a/builtin/reflog.c
+++ b/builtin/reflog.c
@@ -330,8 +330,10 @@
 		printf("keep %s", message);
 	return 0;
  prune:
-	if (!cb->newlog || cb->cmd->verbose)
-		printf("%sprune %s", cb->newlog ? "" : "would ", message);
+	if (!cb->newlog)
+		printf("would prune %s", message);
+	else if (cb->cmd->verbose)
+		printf("prune %s", message);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -508,26 +510,27 @@
 
 static int reflog_expire_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	const char *lastdot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	const char *pattern, *key;
+	int pattern_len;
 	unsigned long expire;
 	int slot;
 	struct reflog_expire_cfg *ent;
 
-	if (!lastdot || prefixcmp(var, "gc."))
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "gc", &pattern, &pattern_len, &key) < 0)
 		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 
-	if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpire")) {
+	if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpire")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_TOTAL;
 		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
 			return -1;
-	} else if (!strcmp(lastdot, ".reflogexpireunreachable")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "reflogexpireunreachable")) {
 		slot = EXPIRE_UNREACH;
 		if (parse_expire_cfg_value(var, value, &expire))
 			return -1;
 	} else
 		return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 
-	if (lastdot == var + 2) {
+	if (!pattern) {
 		switch (slot) {
 		case EXPIRE_TOTAL:
 			default_reflog_expire = expire;
@@ -539,7 +542,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	ent = find_cfg_ent(var + 3, lastdot - (var+3));
+	ent = find_cfg_ent(pattern, pattern_len);
 	if (!ent)
 		return -1;
 	switch (slot) {
@@ -647,7 +650,7 @@
 		init_revisions(&cb.revs, prefix);
 		if (cb.verbose)
 			printf("Marking reachable objects...");
-		mark_reachable_objects(&cb.revs, 0);
+		mark_reachable_objects(&cb.revs, 0, NULL);
 		if (cb.verbose)
 			putchar('\n');
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/remote.c b/builtin/remote.c
index b25dfb4..937484d 100644
--- a/builtin/remote.c
+++ b/builtin/remote.c
@@ -8,66 +8,66 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_usage[] = {
-	"git remote [-v | --verbose]",
-	"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>",
-	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
-	"git remote rm <name>",
-	"git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)",
-	"git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>",
-	"git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>",
-	"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]",
-	"git remote set-branches <name> [--add] <branch>...",
-	"git remote set-url <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]",
-	"git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>",
-	"git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>",
+	N_("git remote [-v | --verbose]"),
+	N_("git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"),
+	N_("git remote rename <old> <new>"),
+	N_("git remote remove <name>"),
+	N_("git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"),
+	N_("git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"),
+	N_("git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"),
+	N_("git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"),
+	N_("git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."),
+	N_("git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"),
+	N_("git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"),
+	N_("git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_add_usage[] = {
-	"git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>",
+	N_("git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_rename_usage[] = {
-	"git remote rename <old> <new>",
+	N_("git remote rename <old> <new>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_rm_usage[] = {
-	"git remote rm <name>",
+	N_("git remote remove <name>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_sethead_usage[] = {
-	"git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])",
+	N_("git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_setbranches_usage[] = {
-	"git remote set-branches <name> <branch>...",
-	"git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>...",
+	N_("git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."),
+	N_("git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_show_usage[] = {
-	"git remote show [<options>] <name>",
+	N_("git remote show [<options>] <name>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_prune_usage[] = {
-	"git remote prune [<options>] <name>",
+	N_("git remote prune [<options>] <name>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_update_usage[] = {
-	"git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]...",
+	N_("git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const builtin_remote_seturl_usage[] = {
-	"git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]",
-	"git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>",
-	"git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>",
+	N_("git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"),
+	N_("git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"),
+	N_("git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@
 		argv[1] = "-v";
 		argv[2] = name;
 	}
-	printf("Updating %s\n", name);
+	printf_ln(_("Updating %s"), name);
 	if (run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD))
-		return error("Could not fetch %s", name);
+		return error(_("Could not fetch %s"), name);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@
 }
 
 static const char mirror_advice[] =
-"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
-"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead";
+N_("--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+   "\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead");
 
 static int parse_mirror_opt(const struct option *opt, const char *arg, int not)
 {
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@
 	if (not)
 		*mirror = MIRROR_NONE;
 	else if (!arg) {
-		warning("%s", mirror_advice);
+		warning("%s", _(mirror_advice));
 		*mirror = MIRROR_BOTH;
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "fetch"))
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "push"))
 		*mirror = MIRROR_PUSH;
 	else
-		return error("unknown mirror argument: %s", arg);
+		return error(_("unknown mirror argument: %s"), arg);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -160,17 +160,17 @@
 	int i;
 
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "fetch", &fetch, "fetch the remote branches"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "fetch", &fetch, N_("fetch the remote branches")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "tags", &fetch_tags,
-			    "import all tags and associated objects when fetching",
+			    N_("import all tags and associated objects when fetching"),
 			    TAGS_SET),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, NULL, &fetch_tags,
-			    "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)", TAGS_UNSET),
-		OPT_STRING_LIST('t', "track", &track, "branch",
-				"branch(es) to track"),
-		OPT_STRING('m', "master", &master, "branch", "master branch"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "mirror", &mirror, "push|fetch",
-			"set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from",
+			    N_("or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"), TAGS_UNSET),
+		OPT_STRING_LIST('t', "track", &track, N_("branch"),
+				N_("branch(es) to track")),
+		OPT_STRING('m', "master", &master, N_("branch"), N_("master branch")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "mirror", &mirror, N_("push|fetch"),
+			N_("set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"),
 			PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parse_mirror_opt },
 		OPT_END()
 	};
@@ -182,9 +182,9 @@
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_add_usage, options);
 
 	if (mirror && master)
-		die("specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror");
+		die(_("specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"));
 	if (mirror && !(mirror & MIRROR_FETCH) && track.nr)
-		die("specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors");
+		die(_("specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"));
 
 	name = argv[0];
 	url = argv[1];
@@ -192,11 +192,11 @@
 	remote = remote_get(name);
 	if (remote && (remote->url_nr > 1 || strcmp(name, remote->url[0]) ||
 			remote->fetch_refspec_nr))
-		die("remote %s already exists.", name);
+		die(_("remote %s already exists."), name);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", name);
 	if (!valid_fetch_refspec(buf2.buf))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid remote name", name);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid remote name"), name);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", name);
 	if (git_config_set(buf.buf, url))
@@ -240,7 +240,7 @@
 		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/remotes/%s/%s", name, master);
 
 		if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "remote add"))
-			return error("Could not setup master '%s'", master);
+			return error(_("Could not setup master '%s'"), master);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@
 		info = item->util;
 		if (type == REMOTE) {
 			if (info->remote_name)
-				warning("more than one %s", orig_key);
+				warning(_("more than one %s"), orig_key);
 			info->remote_name = xstrdup(value);
 		} else if (type == MERGE) {
 			char *space = strchr(value, ' ');
@@ -336,20 +336,20 @@
 
 	for (i = 0; i < states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
 		if (get_fetch_map(remote_refs, states->remote->fetch + i, &tail, 1))
-			die("Could not get fetch map for refspec %s",
+			die(_("Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"),
 				states->remote->fetch_refspec[i]);
 
 	states->new.strdup_strings = 1;
 	states->tracked.strdup_strings = 1;
 	states->stale.strdup_strings = 1;
 	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (!ref->peer_ref || read_ref(ref->peer_ref->name, sha1))
+		if (!ref->peer_ref || !ref_exists(ref->peer_ref->name))
 			string_list_append(&states->new, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
 		else
 			string_list_append(&states->tracked, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
 	}
-	stale_refs = get_stale_heads(states->remote, fetch_map);
+	stale_refs = get_stale_heads(states->remote->fetch,
+				     states->remote->fetch_refspec_nr, fetch_map);
 	for (ref = stale_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct string_list_item *item =
 			string_list_append(&states->stale, abbrev_branch(ref->name));
@@ -389,8 +389,8 @@
 	local_refs = get_local_heads();
 	push_map = copy_ref_list(remote_refs);
 
-	match_refs(local_refs, &push_map, remote->push_refspec_nr,
-		   remote->push_refspec, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
+	match_push_refs(local_refs, &push_map, remote->push_refspec_nr,
+			remote->push_refspec, MATCH_REFS_NONE);
 
 	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
 	for (ref = push_map; ref; ref = ref->next) {
@@ -437,7 +437,7 @@
 
 	states->push.strdup_strings = 1;
 	if (!remote->push_refspec_nr) {
-		item = string_list_append(&states->push, "(matching)");
+		item = string_list_append(&states->push, _("(matching)"));
 		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
 		info->status = PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED;
 		info->dest = xstrdup(item->string);
@@ -445,11 +445,11 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++) {
 		struct refspec *spec = remote->push + i;
 		if (spec->matching)
-			item = string_list_append(&states->push, "(matching)");
+			item = string_list_append(&states->push, _("(matching)"));
 		else if (strlen(spec->src))
 			item = string_list_append(&states->push, spec->src);
 		else
-			item = string_list_append(&states->push, "(delete)");
+			item = string_list_append(&states->push, _("(delete)"));
 
 		info = item->util = xcalloc(sizeof(struct push_info), 1);
 		info->forced = spec->force;
@@ -534,7 +534,7 @@
 	}
 
 	/* don't delete non-remote-tracking refs */
-	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes")) {
+	if (prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes/")) {
 		/* advise user how to delete local branches */
 		if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/"))
 			string_list_append(branches->skipped,
@@ -573,7 +573,7 @@
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/remotes/%s/", rename->old);
 	if (!prefixcmp(refname, buf.buf)) {
 		item = string_list_append(rename->remote_branches, xstrdup(refname));
-		symref = resolve_ref(refname, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
+		symref = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
 		if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
 			item->util = xstrdup(symref);
 		else
@@ -592,19 +592,19 @@
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.url", remote->name);
 	for (i = 0; i < remote->url_nr; i++)
 		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->url[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
 					remote->url[i], buf.buf);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.push", remote->name);
 	for (i = 0; i < remote->push_refspec_nr; i++)
 		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->push_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
 					remote->push_refspec[i], buf.buf);
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", remote->name);
 	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++)
 		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, remote->fetch_refspec[i], "^$", 0))
-			return error("Could not append '%s' to '%s'",
+			return error(_("Could not append '%s' to '%s'"),
 					remote->fetch_refspec[i], buf.buf);
 	if (remote->origin == REMOTE_REMOTES)
 		path = git_path("remotes/%s", remote->name);
@@ -636,30 +636,30 @@
 
 	oldremote = remote_get(rename.old);
 	if (!oldremote)
-		die("No such remote: %s", rename.old);
+		die(_("No such remote: %s"), rename.old);
 
 	if (!strcmp(rename.old, rename.new) && oldremote->origin != REMOTE_CONFIG)
 		return migrate_file(oldremote);
 
 	newremote = remote_get(rename.new);
 	if (newremote && (newremote->url_nr > 1 || newremote->fetch_refspec_nr))
-		die("remote %s already exists.", rename.new);
+		die(_("remote %s already exists."), rename.new);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "refs/heads/test:refs/remotes/%s/test", rename.new);
 	if (!valid_fetch_refspec(buf.buf))
-		die("'%s' is not a valid remote name", rename.new);
+		die(_("'%s' is not a valid remote name"), rename.new);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", rename.old);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote.%s", rename.new);
 	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, buf2.buf) < 1)
-		return error("Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'",
+		return error(_("Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"),
 				buf.buf, buf2.buf);
 
 	strbuf_reset(&buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s.fetch", rename.new);
 	if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, NULL, NULL, 1))
-		return error("Could not remove config section '%s'", buf.buf);
+		return error(_("Could not remove config section '%s'"), buf.buf);
 	strbuf_addf(&old_remote_context, ":refs/remotes/%s/", rename.old);
 	for (i = 0; i < oldremote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
 		char *ptr;
@@ -674,13 +674,13 @@
 				      strlen(rename.old), rename.new,
 				      strlen(rename.new));
 		} else
-			warning("Not updating non-default fetch respec\n"
-				"\t%s\n"
-				"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary.",
+			warning(_("Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+				  "\t%s\n"
+				  "\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."),
 				buf2.buf);
 
 		if (git_config_set_multivar(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "^$", 0))
-			return error("Could not append '%s'", buf.buf);
+			return error(_("Could not append '%s'"), buf.buf);
 	}
 
 	read_branches();
@@ -691,7 +691,7 @@
 			strbuf_reset(&buf);
 			strbuf_addf(&buf, "branch.%s.remote", item->string);
 			if (git_config_set(buf.buf, rename.new)) {
-				return error("Could not set '%s'", buf.buf);
+				return error(_("Could not set '%s'"), buf.buf);
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -709,11 +709,11 @@
 		int flag = 0;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-		resolve_ref(item->string, sha1, 1, &flag);
+		read_ref_full(item->string, sha1, 1, &flag);
 		if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF))
 			continue;
 		if (delete_ref(item->string, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
-			die("deleting '%s' failed", item->string);
+			die(_("deleting '%s' failed"), item->string);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
@@ -728,7 +728,7 @@
 		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
 				item->string, buf.buf);
 		if (rename_ref(item->string, buf.buf, buf2.buf))
-			die("renaming '%s' failed", item->string);
+			die(_("renaming '%s' failed"), item->string);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < remote_branches.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *item = remote_branches.items + i;
@@ -747,7 +747,7 @@
 		strbuf_addf(&buf3, "remote: renamed %s to %s",
 				item->string, buf.buf);
 		if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, buf3.buf))
-			die("creating '%s' failed", buf.buf);
+			die(_("creating '%s' failed"), buf.buf);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -761,7 +761,7 @@
 		unsigned char *sha1 = item->util;
 
 		if (delete_ref(refname, sha1, 0))
-			result |= error("Could not remove branch %s", refname);
+			result |= error(_("Could not remove branch %s"), refname);
 	}
 	return result;
 }
@@ -789,14 +789,14 @@
 
 	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
 	if (!remote)
-		die("No such remote: %s", argv[1]);
+		die(_("No such remote: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	known_remotes.to_delete = remote;
 	for_each_remote(add_known_remote, &known_remotes);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "remote.%s", remote->name);
 	if (git_config_rename_section(buf.buf, NULL) < 1)
-		return error("Could not remove config section '%s'", buf.buf);
+		return error(_("Could not remove config section '%s'"), buf.buf);
 
 	read_branches();
 	for (i = 0; i < branch_list.nr; i++) {
@@ -830,11 +830,12 @@
 	string_list_clear(&branches, 1);
 
 	if (skipped.nr) {
-		fprintf(stderr, skipped.nr == 1 ?
-			"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
-			"to delete it, use:\n" :
-			"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
-			"to delete them, use:\n");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   Q_("Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+			      "to delete it, use:",
+			      "Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+			      "to delete them, use:",
+			      skipped.nr));
 		for (i = 0; i < skipped.nr; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, "  git branch -d %s\n",
 				skipped.items[i].string);
@@ -886,7 +887,7 @@
 
 	states->remote = remote_get(name);
 	if (!states->remote)
-		return error("No such remote: %s", name);
+		return error(_("No such remote: %s"), name);
 
 	read_branches();
 
@@ -939,14 +940,14 @@
 		const char *fmt = "%s";
 		const char *arg = "";
 		if (string_list_has_string(&states->new, name)) {
-			fmt = " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)";
+			fmt = _(" new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)");
 			arg = states->remote->name;
 		} else if (string_list_has_string(&states->tracked, name))
-			arg = " tracked";
+			arg = _(" tracked");
 		else if (string_list_has_string(&states->stale, name))
-			arg = " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)";
+			arg = _(" stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)");
 		else
-			arg = " ???";
+			arg = _(" ???");
 		printf("    %-*s", info->width, name);
 		printf(fmt, arg);
 		printf("\n");
@@ -987,21 +988,21 @@
 	int i;
 
 	if (branch_info->rebase && branch_info->merge.nr > 1) {
-		error("invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch",
+		error(_("invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"),
 			item->string);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	printf("    %-*s ", show_info->width, item->string);
 	if (branch_info->rebase) {
-		printf("rebases onto remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
+		printf_ln(_("rebases onto remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
 		return 0;
 	} else if (show_info->any_rebase) {
-		printf(" merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
-		also = "    and with remote";
+		printf_ln(_(" merges with remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
+		also = _("    and with remote");
 	} else {
-		printf("merges with remote %s\n", merge->items[0].string);
-		also = "   and with remote";
+		printf_ln(_("merges with remote %s"), merge->items[0].string);
+		also = _("   and with remote");
 	}
 	for (i = 1; i < merge->nr; i++)
 		printf("    %-*s %s %s\n", show_info->width, "", also,
@@ -1043,36 +1044,43 @@
 {
 	struct show_info *show_info = cb_data;
 	struct push_info *push_info = item->util;
-	char *src = item->string, *status = NULL;
+	const char *src = item->string, *status = NULL;
 
 	switch (push_info->status) {
 	case PUSH_STATUS_CREATE:
-		status = "create";
+		status = _("create");
 		break;
 	case PUSH_STATUS_DELETE:
-		status = "delete";
-		src = "(none)";
+		status = _("delete");
+		src = _("(none)");
 		break;
 	case PUSH_STATUS_UPTODATE:
-		status = "up to date";
+		status = _("up to date");
 		break;
 	case PUSH_STATUS_FASTFORWARD:
-		status = "fast-forwardable";
+		status = _("fast-forwardable");
 		break;
 	case PUSH_STATUS_OUTOFDATE:
-		status = "local out of date";
+		status = _("local out of date");
 		break;
 	case PUSH_STATUS_NOTQUERIED:
 		break;
 	}
-	if (status)
-		printf("    %-*s %s to %-*s (%s)\n", show_info->width, src,
-			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
-			show_info->width2, push_info->dest, status);
-	else
-		printf("    %-*s %s to %s\n", show_info->width, src,
-			push_info->forced ? "forces" : "pushes",
-			push_info->dest);
+	if (status) {
+		if (push_info->forced)
+			printf_ln(_("    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"), show_info->width, src,
+			       show_info->width2, push_info->dest, status);
+		else
+			printf_ln(_("    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"), show_info->width, src,
+			       show_info->width2, push_info->dest, status);
+	} else {
+		if (push_info->forced)
+			printf_ln(_("    %-*s forces to %s"), show_info->width, src,
+			       push_info->dest);
+		else
+			printf_ln(_("    %-*s pushes to %s"), show_info->width, src,
+			       push_info->dest);
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1080,7 +1088,7 @@
 {
 	int no_query = 0, result = 0, query_flag = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &no_query, "do not query remotes"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', NULL, &no_query, N_("do not query remotes")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	struct ref_states states;
@@ -1107,9 +1115,9 @@
 
 		get_remote_ref_states(*argv, &states, query_flag);
 
-		printf("* remote %s\n", *argv);
-		printf("  Fetch URL: %s\n", states.remote->url_nr > 0 ?
-			states.remote->url[0] : "(no URL)");
+		printf_ln(_("* remote %s"), *argv);
+		printf_ln(_("  Fetch URL: %s"), states.remote->url_nr > 0 ?
+		       states.remote->url[0] : _("(no URL)"));
 		if (states.remote->pushurl_nr) {
 			url = states.remote->pushurl;
 			url_nr = states.remote->pushurl_nr;
@@ -1118,18 +1126,18 @@
 			url_nr = states.remote->url_nr;
 		}
 		for (i = 0; i < url_nr; i++)
-			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", url[i]);
+			printf_ln(_("  Push  URL: %s"), url[i]);
 		if (!i)
-			printf("  Push  URL: %s\n", "(no URL)");
+			printf_ln(_("  Push  URL: %s"), "(no URL)");
 		if (no_query)
-			printf("  HEAD branch: (not queried)\n");
+			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), "(not queried)");
 		else if (!states.heads.nr)
-			printf("  HEAD branch: (unknown)\n");
+			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), "(unknown)");
 		else if (states.heads.nr == 1)
-			printf("  HEAD branch: %s\n", states.heads.items[0].string);
+			printf_ln(_("  HEAD branch: %s"), states.heads.items[0].string);
 		else {
-			printf("  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous,"
-			       " may be one of the following):\n");
+			printf(_("  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous,"
+				 " may be one of the following):\n"));
 			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
 				printf("    %s\n", states.heads.items[i].string);
 		}
@@ -1140,9 +1148,10 @@
 		for_each_string_list(&states.tracked, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
 		for_each_string_list(&states.stale, add_remote_to_show_info, &info);
 		if (info.list->nr)
-			printf("  Remote branch%s:%s\n",
-			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "",
-				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+			printf_ln(Q_("  Remote branch:%s",
+				     "  Remote branches:%s",
+				     info.list->nr),
+				  no_query ? _(" (status not queried)") : "");
 		for_each_string_list(info.list, show_remote_info_item, &info);
 		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
 
@@ -1151,23 +1160,25 @@
 		info.any_rebase = 0;
 		for_each_string_list(&branch_list, add_local_to_show_info, &info);
 		if (info.list->nr)
-			printf("  Local branch%s configured for 'git pull':\n",
-			       info.list->nr > 1 ? "es" : "");
+			printf_ln(Q_("  Local branch configured for 'git pull':",
+				     "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':",
+				     info.list->nr));
 		for_each_string_list(info.list, show_local_info_item, &info);
 		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
 
 		/* git push info */
 		if (states.remote->mirror)
-			printf("  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'\n");
+			printf_ln(_("  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"));
 
 		info.width = info.width2 = 0;
 		for_each_string_list(&states.push, add_push_to_show_info, &info);
 		qsort(info.list->items, info.list->nr,
 			sizeof(*info.list->items), cmp_string_with_push);
 		if (info.list->nr)
-			printf("  Local ref%s configured for 'git push'%s:\n",
-				info.list->nr > 1 ? "s" : "",
-				no_query ? " (status not queried)" : "");
+			printf_ln(Q_("  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:",
+				     "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:",
+				     info.list->nr),
+				  no_query ? _(" (status not queried)") : "");
 		for_each_string_list(info.list, show_push_info_item, &info);
 		string_list_clear(info.list, 0);
 
@@ -1185,9 +1196,9 @@
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "auto", &opt_a,
-			    "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"),
+			    N_("set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "delete", &opt_d,
-			    "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"),
+			    N_("delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_sethead_usage,
@@ -1202,10 +1213,10 @@
 		memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
 		get_remote_ref_states(argv[0], &states, GET_HEAD_NAMES);
 		if (!states.heads.nr)
-			result |= error("Cannot determine remote HEAD");
+			result |= error(_("Cannot determine remote HEAD"));
 		else if (states.heads.nr > 1) {
-			result |= error("Multiple remote HEAD branches. "
-					"Please choose one explicitly with:");
+			result |= error(_("Multiple remote HEAD branches. "
+					  "Please choose one explicitly with:"));
 			for (i = 0; i < states.heads.nr; i++)
 				fprintf(stderr, "  git remote set-head %s %s\n",
 					argv[0], states.heads.items[i].string);
@@ -1214,18 +1225,17 @@
 		free_remote_ref_states(&states);
 	} else if (opt_d && !opt_a && argc == 1) {
 		if (delete_ref(buf.buf, NULL, REF_NODEREF))
-			result |= error("Could not delete %s", buf.buf);
+			result |= error(_("Could not delete %s"), buf.buf);
 	} else
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_sethead_usage, options);
 
 	if (head_name) {
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		strbuf_addf(&buf2, "refs/remotes/%s/%s", argv[0], head_name);
 		/* make sure it's valid */
-		if (!resolve_ref(buf2.buf, sha1, 1, NULL))
-			result |= error("Not a valid ref: %s", buf2.buf);
+		if (!ref_exists(buf2.buf))
+			result |= error(_("Not a valid ref: %s"), buf2.buf);
 		else if (create_symref(buf.buf, buf2.buf, "remote set-head"))
-			result |= error("Could not setup %s", buf.buf);
+			result |= error(_("Could not setup %s"), buf.buf);
 		if (opt_a)
 			printf("%s/HEAD set to %s\n", argv[0], head_name);
 		free(head_name);
@@ -1240,7 +1250,7 @@
 {
 	int dry_run = 0, result = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, "dry run"),
+		OPT__DRY_RUN(&dry_run, N_("dry run")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -1261,18 +1271,18 @@
 	int result = 0, i;
 	struct ref_states states;
 	const char *dangling_msg = dry_run
-		? " %s will become dangling!\n"
-		: " %s has become dangling!\n";
+		? _(" %s will become dangling!")
+		: _(" %s has become dangling!");
 
 	memset(&states, 0, sizeof(states));
 	get_remote_ref_states(remote, &states, GET_REF_STATES);
 
 	if (states.stale.nr) {
-		printf("Pruning %s\n", remote);
-		printf("URL: %s\n",
+		printf_ln(_("Pruning %s"), remote);
+		printf_ln(_("URL: %s"),
 		       states.remote->url_nr
 		       ? states.remote->url[0]
-		       : "(no URL)");
+		       : _("(no URL)"));
 	}
 
 	for (i = 0; i < states.stale.nr; i++) {
@@ -1281,8 +1291,12 @@
 		if (!dry_run)
 			result |= delete_ref(refname, NULL, 0);
 
-		printf(" * [%s] %s\n", dry_run ? "would prune" : "pruned",
-		       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
+		if (dry_run)
+			printf_ln(_(" * [would prune] %s"),
+			       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
+		else
+			printf_ln(_(" * [pruned] %s"),
+			       abbrev_ref(refname, "refs/remotes/"));
 		warn_dangling_symref(stdout, dangling_msg, refname);
 	}
 
@@ -1304,7 +1318,7 @@
 	int i, prune = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "prune", &prune,
-			    "prune remotes after fetching"),
+			    N_("prune remotes after fetching")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	const char **fetch_argv;
@@ -1370,7 +1384,7 @@
 	strbuf_addf(&key, "remote.%s.fetch", remotename);
 
 	if (!remote_is_configured(remotename))
-		die("No such remote '%s'", remotename);
+		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 	remote = remote_get(remotename);
 
 	if (!add_mode && remove_all_fetch_refspecs(remotename, key.buf)) {
@@ -1390,15 +1404,15 @@
 {
 	int add_mode = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "add", &add_mode, "add branch"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "add", &add_mode, N_("add branch")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options,
 			     builtin_remote_setbranches_usage, 0);
 	if (argc == 0) {
-		error("no remote specified");
-		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_seturl_usage, options);
+		error(_("no remote specified"));
+		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_setbranches_usage, options);
 	}
 	argv[argc] = NULL;
 
@@ -1419,18 +1433,18 @@
 	struct strbuf name_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "push", &push_mode,
-			    "manipulate push URLs"),
+			    N_("manipulate push URLs")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "add", &add_mode,
-			    "add URL"),
+			    N_("add URL")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('\0', "delete", &delete_mode,
-			    "delete URLs"),
+			    N_("delete URLs")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
-	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_update_usage,
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, builtin_remote_seturl_usage,
 			     PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
 
 	if (add_mode && delete_mode)
-		die("--add --delete doesn't make sense");
+		die(_("--add --delete doesn't make sense"));
 
 	if (argc < 3 || argc > 4 || ((add_mode || delete_mode) && argc != 3))
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_seturl_usage, options);
@@ -1444,7 +1458,7 @@
 		oldurl = newurl;
 
 	if (!remote_is_configured(remotename))
-		die("No such remote '%s'", remotename);
+		die(_("No such remote '%s'"), remotename);
 	remote = remote_get(remotename);
 
 	if (push_mode) {
@@ -1470,7 +1484,7 @@
 
 	/* Old URL specified. Demand that one matches. */
 	if (regcomp(&old_regex, oldurl, REG_EXTENDED))
-		die("Invalid old URL pattern: %s", oldurl);
+		die(_("Invalid old URL pattern: %s"), oldurl);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < urlset_nr; i++)
 		if (!regexec(&old_regex, urlset[i], 0, NULL, 0))
@@ -1478,9 +1492,9 @@
 		else
 			negative_matches++;
 	if (!delete_mode && !matches)
-		die("No such URL found: %s", oldurl);
+		die(_("No such URL found: %s"), oldurl);
 	if (delete_mode && !negative_matches && !push_mode)
-		die("Will not delete all non-push URLs");
+		die(_("Will not delete all non-push URLs"));
 
 	regfree(&old_regex);
 
@@ -1552,7 +1566,7 @@
 int cmd_remote(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 	int result;
@@ -1566,7 +1580,7 @@
 		result = add(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rename"))
 		result = mv(argc, argv);
-	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rm"))
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "rm") || !strcmp(argv[0], "remove"))
 		result = rm(argc, argv);
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "set-head"))
 		result = set_head(argc, argv);
@@ -1581,7 +1595,7 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(argv[0], "update"))
 		result = update(argc, argv);
 	else {
-		error("Unknown subcommand: %s", argv[0]);
+		error(_("Unknown subcommand: %s"), argv[0]);
 		usage_with_options(builtin_remote_usage, options);
 	}
 
diff --git a/builtin/replace.c b/builtin/replace.c
index 517fa10..398ccd5 100644
--- a/builtin/replace.c
+++ b/builtin/replace.c
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const git_replace_usage[] = {
-	"git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>",
-	"git replace -d <object>...",
-	"git replace -l [<pattern>]",
+	N_("git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"),
+	N_("git replace -d <object>..."),
+	N_("git replace -l [<pattern>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -46,24 +46,27 @@
 
 static int for_each_replace_name(const char **argv, each_replace_name_fn fn)
 {
-	const char **p;
+	const char **p, *full_hex;
 	char ref[PATH_MAX];
 	int had_error = 0;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 	for (p = argv; *p; p++) {
-		if (snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/replace/%s", *p)
-					>= sizeof(ref)) {
-			error("replace ref name too long: %.*s...", 50, *p);
+		if (get_sha1(*p, sha1)) {
+			error("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref.", *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
-			error("replace ref '%s' not found.", *p);
+		full_hex = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+		snprintf(ref, sizeof(ref), "refs/replace/%s", full_hex);
+		/* read_ref() may reuse the buffer */
+		full_hex = ref + strlen("refs/replace/");
+		if (read_ref(ref, sha1)) {
+			error("replace ref '%s' not found.", full_hex);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (fn(*p, ref, sha1))
+		if (fn(full_hex, ref, sha1))
 			had_error = 1;
 	}
 	return had_error;
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@
 	if (check_refname_format(ref, 0))
 		die("'%s' is not a valid ref name.", ref);
 
-	if (!resolve_ref(ref, prev, 1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref(ref, prev))
 		hashclr(prev);
 	else if (!force)
 		die("replace ref '%s' already exists", ref);
@@ -115,9 +118,9 @@
 {
 	int list = 0, delete = 0, force = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, "list replace refs"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "delete replace refs"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, "replace the ref if it exists"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', NULL, &list, N_("list replace refs")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, N_("delete replace refs")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('f', NULL, &force, N_("replace the ref if it exists")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/rerere.c b/builtin/rerere.c
index 08213c7..dc1708e 100644
--- a/builtin/rerere.c
+++ b/builtin/rerere.c
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
 static const char * const rerere_usage[] = {
-	"git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]",
+	N_("git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"),
 	NULL,
 };
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "rerere-autoupdate", &autoupdate,
-			"register clean resolutions in index", 1),
+			N_("register clean resolutions in index"), 1),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/reset.c b/builtin/reset.c
index 811e8e2..6032131 100644
--- a/builtin/reset.c
+++ b/builtin/reset.c
@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 
 static const char * const git_reset_usage[] = {
-	"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]",
-	"git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>...",
-	"git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]",
+	N_("git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"),
+	N_("git reset [-q] <tree-ish> [--] <paths>..."),
+	N_("git reset --patch [<tree-ish>] [--] [<paths>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -38,13 +38,12 @@
 	return !access(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), F_OK);
 }
 
-static int reset_index_file(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
+static int reset_index(const unsigned char *sha1, int reset_type, int quiet)
 {
 	int nr = 1;
-	int newfd;
 	struct tree_desc desc[2];
+	struct tree *tree;
 	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	opts.head_idx = 1;
@@ -66,8 +65,6 @@
 		opts.reset = 1;
 	}
 
-	newfd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
-
 	read_cache_unmerged();
 
 	if (reset_type == KEEP) {
@@ -84,9 +81,11 @@
 		return error(_("Failed to find tree of %s."), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (unpack_trees(nr, desc, &opts))
 		return -1;
-	if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	    commit_locked_index(lock))
-		return error(_("Could not write new index file."));
+
+	if (reset_type == MIXED || reset_type == HARD) {
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+		prime_cache_tree(&active_cache_tree, tree);
+	}
 
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -110,36 +109,10 @@
 		printf("\n");
 }
 
-static int update_index_refresh(int fd, struct lock_file *index_lock, int flags)
-{
-	int result;
-
-	if (!index_lock) {
-		index_lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-		fd = hold_locked_index(index_lock, 1);
-	}
-
-	if (read_cache() < 0)
-		return error(_("Could not read index"));
-
-	result = refresh_index(&the_index, (flags), NULL, NULL,
-			       _("Unstaged changes after reset:")) ? 1 : 0;
-	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-			commit_locked_index(index_lock))
-		return error ("Could not refresh index");
-	return result;
-}
-
 static void update_index_from_diff(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
 		struct diff_options *opt, void *data)
 {
 	int i;
-	int *discard_flag = data;
-
-	/* do_diff_cache() mangled the index */
-	discard_cache();
-	*discard_flag = 1;
-	read_cache();
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filespec *one = q->queue[i]->one;
@@ -157,32 +130,15 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int interactive_reset(const char *revision, const char **argv,
-			     const char *prefix)
+static int read_from_tree(const char **pathspec, unsigned char *tree_sha1)
 {
-	const char **pathspec = NULL;
-
-	if (*argv)
-		pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
-
-	return run_add_interactive(revision, "--patch=reset", pathspec);
-}
-
-static int read_from_tree(const char *prefix, const char **argv,
-		unsigned char *tree_sha1, int refresh_flags)
-{
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
-	int index_fd, index_was_discarded = 0;
 	struct diff_options opt;
 
 	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
-	diff_tree_setup_paths(get_pathspec(prefix, (const char **)argv), &opt);
+	diff_tree_setup_paths(pathspec, &opt);
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	opt.format_callback = update_index_from_diff;
-	opt.format_callback_data = &index_was_discarded;
 
-	index_fd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
-	index_was_discarded = 0;
 	read_cache();
 	if (do_diff_cache(tree_sha1, &opt))
 		return 1;
@@ -190,10 +146,7 @@
 	diff_flush(&opt);
 	diff_tree_release_paths(&opt);
 
-	if (!index_was_discarded)
-		/* The index is still clobbered from do_diff_cache() */
-		discard_cache();
-	return update_index_refresh(index_fd, lock, refresh_flags);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static void set_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb, const char *action,
@@ -218,27 +171,91 @@
 
 }
 
+static const char **parse_args(const char **argv, const char *prefix, const char **rev_ret)
+{
+	const char *rev = "HEAD";
+	unsigned char unused[20];
+	/*
+	 * Possible arguments are:
+	 *
+	 * git reset [-opts] [<rev>]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <tree> [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <tree> -- [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] -- [<paths>...]
+	 * git reset [-opts] <paths>...
+	 *
+	 * At this point, argv points immediately after [-opts].
+	 */
+
+	if (argv[0]) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "--")) {
+			argv++; /* reset to HEAD, possibly with paths */
+		} else if (argv[1] && !strcmp(argv[1], "--")) {
+			rev = argv[0];
+			argv += 2;
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, argv[0] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
+		 * has to be unambiguous. If there is a single argument, it
+		 * can not be a tree
+		 */
+		else if ((!argv[1] && !get_sha1_committish(argv[0], unused)) ||
+			 (argv[1] && !get_sha1_treeish(argv[0], unused))) {
+			/*
+			 * Ok, argv[0] looks like a commit/tree; it should not
+			 * be a filename.
+			 */
+			verify_non_filename(prefix, argv[0]);
+			rev = *argv++;
+		} else {
+			/* Otherwise we treat this as a filename */
+			verify_filename(prefix, argv[0], 1);
+		}
+	}
+	*rev_ret = rev;
+	return argv[0] ? get_pathspec(prefix, argv) : NULL;
+}
+
+static int update_refs(const char *rev, const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	int update_ref_status;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	unsigned char *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
+		*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
+
+	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
+		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
+	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
+		orig = sha1_orig;
+		set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating ORIG_HEAD", NULL);
+		update_ref(msg.buf, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	} else if (old_orig)
+		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
+	set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating HEAD", rev);
+	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	return update_ref_status;
+}
+
 int cmd_reset(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i = 0, reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
-	int patch_mode = 0;
-	const char *rev = "HEAD";
-	unsigned char sha1[20], *orig = NULL, sha1_orig[20],
-				*old_orig = NULL, sha1_old_orig[20];
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int reset_type = NONE, update_ref_status = 0, quiet = 0;
+	int patch_mode = 0, unborn;
+	const char *rev;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char **pathspec = NULL;
 	const struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "be quiet, only report errors"),
+		OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("be quiet, only report errors")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "mixed", &reset_type,
-						"reset HEAD and index", MIXED),
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "soft", &reset_type, "reset only HEAD", SOFT),
+						N_("reset HEAD and index"), MIXED),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "soft", &reset_type, N_("reset only HEAD"), SOFT),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "hard", &reset_type,
-				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", HARD),
+				N_("reset HEAD, index and working tree"), HARD),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "merge", &reset_type,
-				"reset HEAD, index and working tree", MERGE),
+				N_("reset HEAD, index and working tree"), MERGE),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "keep", &reset_type,
-				"reset HEAD but keep local changes", KEEP),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, "select hunks interactively"),
+				N_("reset HEAD but keep local changes"), KEEP),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('p', "patch", &patch_mode, N_("select hunks interactively")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -246,67 +263,45 @@
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_reset_usage,
 						PARSE_OPT_KEEP_DASHDASH);
+	pathspec = parse_args(argv, prefix, &rev);
 
-	/*
-	 * Possible arguments are:
-	 *
-	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] <rev> -- <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] -- <paths>...
-	 * git reset [-opts] <paths>...
-	 *
-	 * At this point, argv[i] points immediately after [-opts].
-	 */
-
-	if (i < argc) {
-		if (!strcmp(argv[i], "--")) {
-			i++; /* reset to HEAD, possibly with paths */
-		} else if (i + 1 < argc && !strcmp(argv[i+1], "--")) {
-			rev = argv[i];
-			i += 2;
-		}
-		/*
-		 * Otherwise, argv[i] could be either <rev> or <paths> and
-		 * has to be unambiguous.
-		 */
-		else if (!get_sha1(argv[i], sha1)) {
-			/*
-			 * Ok, argv[i] looks like a rev; it should not
-			 * be a filename.
-			 */
-			verify_non_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
-			rev = argv[i++];
-		} else {
-			/* Otherwise we treat this as a filename */
-			verify_filename(prefix, argv[i]);
-		}
+	unborn = !strcmp(rev, "HEAD") && get_sha1("HEAD", sha1);
+	if (unborn) {
+		/* reset on unborn branch: treat as reset to empty tree */
+		hashcpy(sha1, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+	} else if (!pathspec) {
+		struct commit *commit;
+		if (get_sha1_committish(rev, sha1))
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid revision."), rev);
+		commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
+		if (!commit)
+			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
+		hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
+	} else {
+		struct tree *tree;
+		if (get_sha1_treeish(rev, sha1))
+			die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid tree."), rev);
+		tree = parse_tree_indirect(sha1);
+		if (!tree)
+			die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
+		hashcpy(sha1, tree->object.sha1);
 	}
 
-	if (get_sha1(rev, sha1))
-		die(_("Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."), rev);
-
-	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
-	if (!commit)
-		die(_("Could not parse object '%s'."), rev);
-	hashcpy(sha1, commit->object.sha1);
-
 	if (patch_mode) {
 		if (reset_type != NONE)
 			die(_("--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"));
-		return interactive_reset(rev, argv + i, prefix);
+		return run_add_interactive(sha1_to_hex(sha1), "--patch=reset", pathspec);
 	}
 
 	/* git reset tree [--] paths... can be used to
 	 * load chosen paths from the tree into the index without
 	 * affecting the working tree nor HEAD. */
-	if (i < argc) {
+	if (pathspec) {
 		if (reset_type == MIXED)
 			warning(_("--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."));
 		else if (reset_type != NONE)
 			die(_("Cannot do %s reset with paths."),
 					_(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
-		return read_from_tree(prefix, argv + i, sha1,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	}
 	if (reset_type == NONE)
 		reset_type = MIXED; /* by default */
@@ -321,49 +316,44 @@
 	/* Soft reset does not touch the index file nor the working tree
 	 * at all, but requires them in a good order.  Other resets reset
 	 * the index file to the tree object we are switching to. */
-	if (reset_type == SOFT)
+	if (reset_type == SOFT || reset_type == KEEP)
 		die_if_unmerged_cache(reset_type);
-	else {
-		int err;
-		if (reset_type == KEEP)
-			die_if_unmerged_cache(reset_type);
-		err = reset_index_file(sha1, reset_type, quiet);
-		if (reset_type == KEEP)
-			err = err || reset_index_file(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
-		if (err)
-			die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
+
+	if (reset_type != SOFT) {
+		struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+		int newfd = hold_locked_index(lock, 1);
+		if (reset_type == MIXED) {
+			if (read_from_tree(pathspec, sha1))
+				return 1;
+		} else {
+			int err = reset_index(sha1, reset_type, quiet);
+			if (reset_type == KEEP && !err)
+				err = reset_index(sha1, MIXED, quiet);
+			if (err)
+				die(_("Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."), rev);
+		}
+
+		if (reset_type == MIXED) { /* Report what has not been updated. */
+			int flags = quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN;
+			refresh_index(&the_index, flags, NULL, NULL,
+				      _("Unstaged changes after reset:"));
+		}
+
+		if (write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(lock))
+			die(_("Could not write new index file."));
 	}
 
-	/* Any resets update HEAD to the head being switched to,
-	 * saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
-	if (!get_sha1("ORIG_HEAD", sha1_old_orig))
-		old_orig = sha1_old_orig;
-	if (!get_sha1("HEAD", sha1_orig)) {
-		orig = sha1_orig;
-		set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating ORIG_HEAD", NULL);
-		update_ref(msg.buf, "ORIG_HEAD", orig, old_orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
+	if (!pathspec && !unborn) {
+		/* Any resets without paths update HEAD to the head being
+		 * switched to, saving the previous head in ORIG_HEAD before. */
+		update_ref_status = update_refs(rev, sha1);
+
+		if (reset_type == HARD && !update_ref_status && !quiet)
+			print_new_head_line(lookup_commit_reference(sha1));
 	}
-	else if (old_orig)
-		delete_ref("ORIG_HEAD", old_orig, 0);
-	set_reflog_message(&msg, "updating HEAD", rev);
-	update_ref_status = update_ref(msg.buf, "HEAD", sha1, orig, 0, MSG_ON_ERR);
-
-	switch (reset_type) {
-	case HARD:
-		if (!update_ref_status && !quiet)
-			print_new_head_line(commit);
-		break;
-	case SOFT: /* Nothing else to do. */
-		break;
-	case MIXED: /* Report what has not been updated. */
-		update_index_refresh(0, NULL,
-				quiet ? REFRESH_QUIET : REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
-		break;
-	}
-
-	remove_branch_state();
-
-	strbuf_release(&msg);
+	if (!pathspec)
+		remove_branch_state();
 
 	return update_ref_status;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/rev-list.c b/builtin/rev-list.c
index ab3be7c..67701be 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-list.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-list.c
@@ -52,6 +52,11 @@
 	struct rev_list_info *info = data;
 	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
+	if (info->flags & REV_LIST_QUIET) {
+		finish_commit(commit, data);
+		return;
+	}
+
 	graph_show_commit(revs->graph);
 
 	if (revs->count) {
@@ -104,6 +109,7 @@
 		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 		ctx.abbrev = revs->abbrev;
 		ctx.date_mode = revs->date_mode;
+		ctx.date_mode_explicit = revs->date_mode_explicit;
 		ctx.fmt = revs->commit_format;
 		pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &buf);
 		if (revs->graph) {
@@ -172,19 +178,21 @@
 			  const struct name_path *path, const char *name,
 			  void *cb_data)
 {
+	struct rev_list_info *info = cb_data;
 	if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB && !has_sha1_file(obj->sha1))
 		die("missing blob object '%s'", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
+	if (info->revs->verify_objects && !obj->parsed && obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		parse_object(obj->sha1);
 }
 
 static void show_object(struct object *obj,
 			const struct name_path *path, const char *component,
 			void *cb_data)
 {
-	struct rev_info *info = cb_data;
-
+	struct rev_list_info *info = cb_data;
 	finish_object(obj, path, component, cb_data);
-	if (info->verify_objects && !obj->parsed && obj->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
-		parse_object(obj->sha1);
+	if (info->flags & REV_LIST_QUIET)
+		return;
 	show_object_with_name(stdout, obj, path, component);
 }
 
@@ -193,62 +201,6 @@
 	printf("-%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 }
 
-static inline int log2i(int n)
-{
-	int log2 = 0;
-
-	for (; n > 1; n >>= 1)
-		log2++;
-
-	return log2;
-}
-
-static inline int exp2i(int n)
-{
-	return 1 << n;
-}
-
-/*
- * Estimate the number of bisect steps left (after the current step)
- *
- * For any x between 0 included and 2^n excluded, the probability for
- * n - 1 steps left looks like:
- *
- * P(2^n + x) == (2^n - x) / (2^n + x)
- *
- * and P(2^n + x) < 0.5 means 2^n < 3x
- */
-int estimate_bisect_steps(int all)
-{
-	int n, x, e;
-
-	if (all < 3)
-		return 0;
-
-	n = log2i(all);
-	e = exp2i(n);
-	x = all - e;
-
-	return (e < 3 * x) ? n : n - 1;
-}
-
-void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
-		       const char *format_cur,
-		       const char *format_last)
-{
-	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
-		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
-		printf(format, sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
-	}
-}
-
-static void show_tried_revs(struct commit_list *tried)
-{
-	printf("bisect_tried='");
-	print_commit_list(tried, "%s|", "%s");
-	printf("'\n");
-}
-
 static void print_var_str(const char *var, const char *val)
 {
 	printf("%s='%s'\n", var, val);
@@ -261,12 +213,12 @@
 
 static int show_bisect_vars(struct rev_list_info *info, int reaches, int all)
 {
-	int cnt, flags = info->bisect_show_flags;
+	int cnt, flags = info->flags;
 	char hex[41] = "";
 	struct commit_list *tried;
 	struct rev_info *revs = info->revs;
 
-	if (!revs->commits && !(flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED))
+	if (!revs->commits)
 		return 1;
 
 	revs->commits = filter_skipped(revs->commits, &tried,
@@ -294,9 +246,6 @@
 		printf("------\n");
 	}
 
-	if (flags & BISECT_SHOW_TRIED)
-		show_tried_revs(tried);
-
 	print_var_str("bisect_rev", hex);
 	print_var_int("bisect_nr", cnt - 1);
 	print_var_int("bisect_good", all - reaches - 1);
@@ -315,7 +264,6 @@
 	int bisect_list = 0;
 	int bisect_show_vars = 0;
 	int bisect_find_all = 0;
-	int quiet = 0;
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	init_revisions(&revs, prefix);
@@ -328,7 +276,8 @@
 	if (revs.bisect)
 		bisect_list = 1;
 
-	quiet = DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, QUICK);
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs.diffopt, QUICK))
+		info.flags |= REV_LIST_QUIET;
 	for (i = 1 ; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
 
@@ -347,7 +296,7 @@
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect-all")) {
 			bisect_list = 1;
 			bisect_find_all = 1;
-			info.bisect_show_flags = BISECT_SHOW_ALL;
+			info.flags |= BISECT_SHOW_ALL;
 			revs.show_decorations = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -398,10 +347,7 @@
 			return show_bisect_vars(&info, reaches, all);
 	}
 
-	traverse_commit_list(&revs,
-			     quiet ? finish_commit : show_commit,
-			     quiet ? finish_object : show_object,
-			     &info);
+	traverse_commit_list(&revs, show_commit, show_object, &info);
 
 	if (revs.count) {
 		if (revs.left_right && revs.cherry_mark)
diff --git a/builtin/rev-parse.c b/builtin/rev-parse.c
index 98d1cbe..f267a1d 100644
--- a/builtin/rev-parse.c
+++ b/builtin/rev-parse.c
@@ -195,6 +195,12 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int show_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data)
+{
+	show_rev(NORMAL, sha1, NULL);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static void show_datestring(const char *flag, const char *datestr)
 {
 	static char buffer[100];
@@ -224,6 +230,7 @@
 	const char *next;
 	const char *this;
 	int symmetric;
+	static const char head_by_default[] = "HEAD";
 
 	if (!(dotdot = strstr(arg, "..")))
 		return 0;
@@ -235,10 +242,21 @@
 	next += symmetric;
 
 	if (!*next)
-		next = "HEAD";
+		next = head_by_default;
 	if (dotdot == arg)
-		this = "HEAD";
-	if (!get_sha1(this, sha1) && !get_sha1(next, end)) {
+		this = head_by_default;
+
+	if (this == head_by_default && next == head_by_default &&
+	    !symmetric) {
+		/*
+		 * Just ".."?  That is not a range but the
+		 * pathspec for the parent directory.
+		 */
+		*dotdot = '.';
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!get_sha1_committish(this, sha1) && !get_sha1_committish(next, end)) {
 		show_rev(NORMAL, end, next);
 		show_rev(symmetric ? NORMAL : REVERSED, sha1, this);
 		if (symmetric) {
@@ -278,7 +296,7 @@
 		return 0;
 
 	*dotdot = 0;
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+	if (get_sha1_committish(arg, sha1))
 		return 0;
 
 	if (!parents_only)
@@ -318,15 +336,15 @@
 {
 	static int keep_dashdash = 0, stop_at_non_option = 0;
 	static char const * const parseopt_usage[] = {
-		"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]",
+		N_("git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"),
 		NULL
 	};
 	static struct option parseopt_opts[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "keep-dashdash", &keep_dashdash,
-					"keep the `--` passed as an arg"),
+					N_("keep the `--` passed as an arg")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "stop-at-non-option", &stop_at_non_option,
-					"stop parsing after the "
-					"first non-option argument"),
+					N_("stop parsing after the "
+					   "first non-option argument")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -443,11 +461,11 @@
 }
 
 static const char builtin_rev_parse_usage[] =
-"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
-"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
-"\n"
-"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage.";
+N_("git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+   "   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+   "   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+   "\n"
+   "Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage.");
 
 int cmd_rev_parse(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
@@ -486,7 +504,7 @@
 
 		if (as_is) {
 			if (show_file(arg) && as_is < 2)
-				verify_filename(prefix, arg);
+				verify_filename(prefix, arg, 0);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg,"-n")) {
@@ -589,6 +607,10 @@
 				for_each_ref(show_reference, NULL);
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--disambiguate=")) {
+				for_each_abbrev(arg + 15, show_abbrev, NULL);
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--bisect")) {
 				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/bad", show_reference, NULL);
 				for_each_ref_in("refs/bisect/good", anti_reference, NULL);
@@ -634,6 +656,8 @@
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-prefix")) {
 				if (prefix)
 					puts(prefix);
+				else
+					putchar('\n');
 				continue;
 			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-cdup")) {
@@ -732,7 +756,7 @@
 		as_is = 1;
 		if (!show_file(arg))
 			continue;
-		verify_filename(prefix, arg);
+		verify_filename(prefix, arg, 1);
 	}
 	if (verify) {
 		if (revs_count == 1) {
diff --git a/builtin/revert.c b/builtin/revert.c
index 87df70e..c5e36b9 100644
--- a/builtin/revert.c
+++ b/builtin/revert.c
@@ -1,18 +1,9 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "builtin.h"
-#include "object.h"
-#include "commit.h"
-#include "tag.h"
-#include "run-command.h"
-#include "exec_cmd.h"
-#include "utf8.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
-#include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "rerere.h"
-#include "merge-recursive.h"
-#include "refs.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
 
@@ -28,54 +19,25 @@
  */
 
 static const char * const revert_usage[] = {
-	"git revert [options] <commit-ish>",
-	"git revert <subcommand>",
+	N_("git revert [options] <commit-ish>"),
+	N_("git revert <subcommand>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static const char * const cherry_pick_usage[] = {
-	"git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>",
-	"git cherry-pick <subcommand>",
+	N_("git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"),
+	N_("git cherry-pick <subcommand>"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-enum replay_action { REVERT, CHERRY_PICK };
-enum replay_subcommand { REPLAY_NONE, REPLAY_RESET, REPLAY_CONTINUE };
-
-struct replay_opts {
-	enum replay_action action;
-	enum replay_subcommand subcommand;
-
-	/* Boolean options */
-	int edit;
-	int record_origin;
-	int no_commit;
-	int signoff;
-	int allow_ff;
-	int allow_rerere_auto;
-
-	int mainline;
-	int commit_argc;
-	const char **commit_argv;
-
-	/* Merge strategy */
-	const char *strategy;
-	const char **xopts;
-	size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
-};
-
-#define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
-
 static const char *action_name(const struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	return opts->action == REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
+	return opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
 }
 
-static char *get_encoding(const char *message);
-
 static const char * const *revert_or_cherry_pick_usage(struct replay_opts *opts)
 {
-	return opts->action == REVERT ? revert_usage : cherry_pick_usage;
+	return opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? revert_usage : cherry_pick_usage;
 }
 
 static int option_parse_x(const struct option *opt,
@@ -124,6 +86,7 @@
 				break;
 		}
 	}
+	va_end(ap);
 
 	if (opt1 && opt2)
 		die(_("%s: %s cannot be used with %s"),	me, opt1, opt2);
@@ -133,60 +96,79 @@
 {
 	const char * const * usage_str = revert_or_cherry_pick_usage(opts);
 	const char *me = action_name(opts);
-	int reset = 0;
+	int remove_state = 0;
 	int contin = 0;
+	int rollback = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "reset", &reset, "forget the current operation"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "continue", &contin, "continue the current operation"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-commit", &opts->no_commit, "don't automatically commit"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &opts->edit, "edit the commit message"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "quit", &remove_state, N_("end revert or cherry-pick sequence")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "continue", &contin, N_("resume revert or cherry-pick sequence")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "abort", &rollback, N_("cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "no-commit", &opts->no_commit, N_("don't automatically commit")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "edit", &opts->edit, N_("edit the commit message")),
 		OPT_NOOP_NOARG('r', NULL),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &opts->signoff, "add Signed-off-by:"),
-		OPT_INTEGER('m', "mainline", &opts->mainline, "parent number"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "signoff", &opts->signoff, N_("add Signed-off-by:")),
+		OPT_INTEGER('m', "mainline", &opts->mainline, N_("parent number")),
 		OPT_RERERE_AUTOUPDATE(&opts->allow_rerere_auto),
-		OPT_STRING(0, "strategy", &opts->strategy, "strategy", "merge strategy"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &opts, "option",
-			"option for merge strategy", option_parse_x),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "strategy", &opts->strategy, N_("strategy"), N_("merge strategy")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('X', "strategy-option", &opts, N_("option"),
+			N_("option for merge strategy"), option_parse_x),
+		OPT_END(),
+		OPT_END(),
+		OPT_END(),
 		OPT_END(),
 		OPT_END(),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
-	if (opts->action == CHERRY_PICK) {
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK) {
 		struct option cp_extra[] = {
-			OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &opts->record_origin, "append commit name"),
-			OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff", &opts->allow_ff, "allow fast-forward"),
+			OPT_BOOLEAN('x', NULL, &opts->record_origin, N_("append commit name")),
+			OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "ff", &opts->allow_ff, N_("allow fast-forward")),
+			OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-empty", &opts->allow_empty, N_("preserve initially empty commits")),
+			OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "allow-empty-message", &opts->allow_empty_message, N_("allow commits with empty messages")),
+			OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "keep-redundant-commits", &opts->keep_redundant_commits, N_("keep redundant, empty commits")),
 			OPT_END(),
 		};
 		if (parse_options_concat(options, ARRAY_SIZE(options), cp_extra))
 			die(_("program error"));
 	}
 
-	opts->commit_argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str,
-					PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 |
-					PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage_str,
+			PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0 |
+			PARSE_OPT_KEEP_UNKNOWN);
 
 	/* Check for incompatible subcommands */
 	verify_opt_mutually_compatible(me,
-				"--reset", reset,
+				"--quit", remove_state,
 				"--continue", contin,
+				"--abort", rollback,
 				NULL);
 
+	/* implies allow_empty */
+	if (opts->keep_redundant_commits)
+		opts->allow_empty = 1;
+
 	/* Set the subcommand */
-	if (reset)
-		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_RESET;
+	if (remove_state)
+		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE;
 	else if (contin)
 		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_CONTINUE;
+	else if (rollback)
+		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_ROLLBACK;
 	else
 		opts->subcommand = REPLAY_NONE;
 
 	/* Check for incompatible command line arguments */
 	if (opts->subcommand != REPLAY_NONE) {
 		char *this_operation;
-		if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_RESET)
-			this_operation = "--reset";
-		else
+		if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE)
+			this_operation = "--quit";
+		else if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE)
 			this_operation = "--continue";
+		else {
+			assert(opts->subcommand == REPLAY_ROLLBACK);
+			this_operation = "--abort";
+		}
 
 		verify_opt_compatible(me, this_operation,
 				"--no-commit", opts->no_commit,
@@ -199,9 +181,6 @@
 				NULL);
 	}
 
-	else if (opts->commit_argc < 2)
-		usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
-
 	if (opts->allow_ff)
 		verify_opt_compatible(me, "--ff",
 				"--signoff", opts->signoff,
@@ -209,798 +188,23 @@
 				"-x", opts->record_origin,
 				"--edit", opts->edit,
 				NULL);
-	opts->commit_argv = argv;
-}
 
-struct commit_message {
-	char *parent_label;
-	const char *label;
-	const char *subject;
-	char *reencoded_message;
-	const char *message;
-};
-
-static int get_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_message *out)
-{
-	const char *encoding;
-	const char *abbrev, *subject;
-	int abbrev_len, subject_len;
-	char *q;
-
-	if (!commit->buffer)
-		return -1;
-	encoding = get_encoding(commit->buffer);
-	if (!encoding)
-		encoding = "UTF-8";
-	if (!git_commit_encoding)
-		git_commit_encoding = "UTF-8";
-
-	out->reencoded_message = NULL;
-	out->message = commit->buffer;
-	if (strcmp(encoding, git_commit_encoding))
-		out->reencoded_message = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
-					git_commit_encoding, encoding);
-	if (out->reencoded_message)
-		out->message = out->reencoded_message;
-
-	abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-	abbrev_len = strlen(abbrev);
-
-	subject_len = find_commit_subject(out->message, &subject);
-
-	out->parent_label = xmalloc(strlen("parent of ") + abbrev_len +
-			      strlen("... ") + subject_len + 1);
-	q = out->parent_label;
-	q = mempcpy(q, "parent of ", strlen("parent of "));
-	out->label = q;
-	q = mempcpy(q, abbrev, abbrev_len);
-	q = mempcpy(q, "... ", strlen("... "));
-	out->subject = q;
-	q = mempcpy(q, subject, subject_len);
-	*q = '\0';
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void free_message(struct commit_message *msg)
-{
-	free(msg->parent_label);
-	free(msg->reencoded_message);
-}
-
-static char *get_encoding(const char *message)
-{
-	const char *p = message, *eol;
-
-	while (*p && *p != '\n') {
-		for (eol = p + 1; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
-			; /* do nothing */
-		if (!prefixcmp(p, "encoding ")) {
-			char *result = xmalloc(eol - 8 - p);
-			strlcpy(result, p + 9, eol - 8 - p);
-			return result;
-		}
-		p = eol;
-		if (*p == '\n')
-			p++;
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static void write_cherry_pick_head(struct commit *commit)
-{
-	int fd;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-	fd = open(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"), O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"),
-			  git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len || close(fd))
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-}
-
-static void print_advice(int show_hint)
-{
-	char *msg = getenv("GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP");
-
-	if (msg) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
-		/*
-		 * A conflict has occured but the porcelain
-		 * (typically rebase --interactive) wants to take care
-		 * of the commit itself so remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
-		 */
-		unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
-		return;
-	}
-
-	if (show_hint) {
-		advise("after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths");
-		advise("with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'");
-		advise("and commit the result with 'git commit'");
-	}
-}
-
-static void write_message(struct strbuf *msgbuf, const char *filename)
-{
-	static struct lock_file msg_file;
-
-	int msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, filename,
-					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, msgbuf->buf, msgbuf->len) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s."), filename);
-	strbuf_release(msgbuf);
-	if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s"), filename);
-}
-
-static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
-{
-	return lookup_tree((const unsigned char *)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
-}
-
-static int error_dirty_index(struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	if (read_cache_unmerged())
-		return error_resolve_conflict(action_name(opts));
-
-	/* Different translation strings for cherry-pick and revert */
-	if (opts->action == CHERRY_PICK)
-		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."));
-	else
-		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."));
-
-	if (advice_commit_before_merge)
-		advise(_("Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
-	return -1;
-}
-
-static int fast_forward_to(const unsigned char *to, const unsigned char *from)
-{
-	struct ref_lock *ref_lock;
-
-	read_cache();
-	if (checkout_fast_forward(from, to))
-		exit(1); /* the callee should have complained already */
-	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD", from, 0);
-	return write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, to, "cherry-pick");
-}
-
-static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
-			      const char *base_label, const char *next_label,
-			      unsigned char *head, struct strbuf *msgbuf,
-			      struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct merge_options o;
-	struct tree *result, *next_tree, *base_tree, *head_tree;
-	int clean, index_fd;
-	const char **xopt;
-	static struct lock_file index_lock;
-
-	index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
-
-	read_cache();
-
-	init_merge_options(&o);
-	o.ancestor = base ? base_label : "(empty tree)";
-	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
-	o.branch2 = next ? next_label : "(empty tree)";
-
-	head_tree = parse_tree_indirect(head);
-	next_tree = next ? next->tree : empty_tree();
-	base_tree = base ? base->tree : empty_tree();
-
-	for (xopt = opts->xopts; xopt != opts->xopts + opts->xopts_nr; xopt++)
-		parse_merge_opt(&o, *xopt);
-
-	clean = merge_trees(&o,
-			    head_tree,
-			    next_tree, base_tree, &result);
-
-	if (active_cache_changed &&
-	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
-	     commit_locked_index(&index_lock)))
-		/* TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick" */
-		die(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"), action_name(opts));
-	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
-
-	if (!clean) {
-		int i;
-		strbuf_addstr(msgbuf, "\nConflicts:\n\n");
-		for (i = 0; i < active_nr;) {
-			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i++];
-			if (ce_stage(ce)) {
-				strbuf_addch(msgbuf, '\t');
-				strbuf_addstr(msgbuf, ce->name);
-				strbuf_addch(msgbuf, '\n');
-				while (i < active_nr && !strcmp(ce->name,
-						active_cache[i]->name))
-					i++;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	return !clean;
-}
-
-/*
- * If we are cherry-pick, and if the merge did not result in
- * hand-editing, we will hit this commit and inherit the original
- * author date and name.
- * If we are revert, or if our cherry-pick results in a hand merge,
- * we had better say that the current user is responsible for that.
- */
-static int run_git_commit(const char *defmsg, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	/* 6 is max possible length of our args array including NULL */
-	const char *args[6];
-	int i = 0;
-
-	args[i++] = "commit";
-	args[i++] = "-n";
-	if (opts->signoff)
-		args[i++] = "-s";
-	if (!opts->edit) {
-		args[i++] = "-F";
-		args[i++] = defmsg;
-	}
-	args[i] = NULL;
-
-	return run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
-}
-
-static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	unsigned char head[20];
-	struct commit *base, *next, *parent;
-	const char *base_label, *next_label;
-	struct commit_message msg = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
-	char *defmsg = NULL;
-	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int res;
-
-	if (opts->no_commit) {
-		/*
-		 * We do not intend to commit immediately.  We just want to
-		 * merge the differences in, so let's compute the tree
-		 * that represents the "current" state for merge-recursive
-		 * to work on.
-		 */
-		if (write_cache_as_tree(head, 0, NULL))
-			die (_("Your index file is unmerged."));
+	if (opts->subcommand != REPLAY_NONE) {
+		opts->revs = NULL;
 	} else {
-		if (get_sha1("HEAD", head))
-			return error(_("You do not have a valid HEAD"));
-		if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
-			return error_dirty_index(opts);
-	}
-	discard_cache();
-
-	if (!commit->parents) {
-		parent = NULL;
-	}
-	else if (commit->parents->next) {
-		/* Reverting or cherry-picking a merge commit */
-		int cnt;
-		struct commit_list *p;
-
-		if (!opts->mainline)
-			return error(_("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."),
-				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-		for (cnt = 1, p = commit->parents;
-		     cnt != opts->mainline && p;
-		     cnt++)
-			p = p->next;
-		if (cnt != opts->mainline || !p)
-			return error(_("Commit %s does not have parent %d"),
-				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), opts->mainline);
-		parent = p->item;
-	} else if (0 < opts->mainline)
-		return error(_("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."),
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-	else
-		parent = commit->parents->item;
-
-	if (opts->allow_ff && parent && !hashcmp(parent->object.sha1, head))
-		return fast_forward_to(commit->object.sha1, head);
-
-	if (parent && parse_commit(parent) < 0)
-		/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
-		   "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1 */
-		return error(_("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"),
-			action_name(opts), sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-
-	if (get_message(commit, &msg) != 0)
-		return error(_("Cannot get commit message for %s"),
-			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-	/*
-	 * "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
-	 * the difference it introduces since its first parent "prev"
-	 * on top of the current HEAD if we are cherry-pick.  Or the
-	 * reverse of it if we are revert.
-	 */
-
-	defmsg = git_pathdup("MERGE_MSG");
-
-	if (opts->action == REVERT) {
-		base = commit;
-		base_label = msg.label;
-		next = parent;
-		next_label = msg.parent_label;
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "Revert \"");
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, msg.subject);
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-
-		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next) {
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ", reversing\nchanges made to ");
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
-		}
-		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ".\n");
-	} else {
-		const char *p;
-
-		base = parent;
-		base_label = msg.parent_label;
-		next = commit;
-		next_label = msg.label;
-
-		/*
-		 * Append the commit log message to msgbuf; it starts
-		 * after the tree, parent, author, committer
-		 * information followed by "\n\n".
-		 */
-		p = strstr(msg.message, "\n\n");
-		if (p) {
-			p += 2;
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, p);
-		}
-
-		if (opts->record_origin) {
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "(cherry picked from commit ");
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
-			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ")\n");
-		}
+		struct setup_revision_opt s_r_opt;
+		opts->revs = xmalloc(sizeof(*opts->revs));
+		init_revisions(opts->revs, NULL);
+		opts->revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED;
+		if (argc < 2)
+			usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
+		memset(&s_r_opt, 0, sizeof(s_r_opt));
+		s_r_opt.assume_dashdash = 1;
+		argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, opts->revs, &s_r_opt);
 	}
 
-	if (!opts->strategy || !strcmp(opts->strategy, "recursive") || opts->action == REVERT) {
-		res = do_recursive_merge(base, next, base_label, next_label,
-					 head, &msgbuf, opts);
-		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
-	} else {
-		struct commit_list *common = NULL;
-		struct commit_list *remotes = NULL;
-
-		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
-
-		commit_list_insert(base, &common);
-		commit_list_insert(next, &remotes);
-		res = try_merge_command(opts->strategy, opts->xopts_nr, opts->xopts,
-					common, sha1_to_hex(head), remotes);
-		free_commit_list(common);
-		free_commit_list(remotes);
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * If the merge was clean or if it failed due to conflict, we write
-	 * CHERRY_PICK_HEAD for the subsequent invocation of commit to use.
-	 * However, if the merge did not even start, then we don't want to
-	 * write it at all.
-	 */
-	if (opts->action == CHERRY_PICK && !opts->no_commit && (res == 0 || res == 1))
-		write_cherry_pick_head(commit);
-
-	if (res) {
-		error(opts->action == REVERT
-		      ? _("could not revert %s... %s")
-		      : _("could not apply %s... %s"),
-		      find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
-		      msg.subject);
-		print_advice(res == 1);
-		rerere(opts->allow_rerere_auto);
-	} else {
-		if (!opts->no_commit)
-			res = run_git_commit(defmsg, opts);
-	}
-
-	free_message(&msg);
-	free(defmsg);
-
-	return res;
-}
-
-static void prepare_revs(struct rev_info *revs, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	int argc;
-
-	init_revisions(revs, NULL);
-	revs->no_walk = 1;
-	if (opts->action != REVERT)
-		revs->reverse = 1;
-
-	argc = setup_revisions(opts->commit_argc, opts->commit_argv, revs, NULL);
 	if (argc > 1)
-		usage(*revert_or_cherry_pick_usage(opts));
-
-	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
-		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
-
-	if (!revs->commits)
-		die(_("empty commit set passed"));
-}
-
-static void read_and_refresh_cache(struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	static struct lock_file index_lock;
-	int index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
-	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0)
-		die(_("git %s: failed to read the index"), action_name(opts));
-	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, NULL, NULL, NULL);
-	if (the_index.cache_changed) {
-		if (write_index(&the_index, index_fd) ||
-		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
-			die(_("git %s: failed to refresh the index"), action_name(opts));
-	}
-	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
-}
-
-/*
- * Append a commit to the end of the commit_list.
- *
- * next starts by pointing to the variable that holds the head of an
- * empty commit_list, and is updated to point to the "next" field of
- * the last item on the list as new commits are appended.
- *
- * Usage example:
- *
- *     struct commit_list *list;
- *     struct commit_list **next = &list;
- *
- *     next = commit_list_append(c1, next);
- *     next = commit_list_append(c2, next);
- *     assert(commit_list_count(list) == 2);
- *     return list;
- */
-static struct commit_list **commit_list_append(struct commit *commit,
-					       struct commit_list **next)
-{
-	struct commit_list *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
-	new->item = commit;
-	*next = new;
-	new->next = NULL;
-	return &new->next;
-}
-
-static int format_todo(struct strbuf *buf, struct commit_list *todo_list,
-		struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct commit_list *cur = NULL;
-	struct commit_message msg = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
-	const char *sha1_abbrev = NULL;
-	const char *action_str = opts->action == REVERT ? "revert" : "pick";
-
-	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-		sha1_abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(cur->item->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
-		if (get_message(cur->item, &msg))
-			return error(_("Cannot get commit message for %s"), sha1_abbrev);
-		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s %s %s\n", action_str, sha1_abbrev, msg.subject);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static struct commit *parse_insn_line(char *start, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
-	char sha1_abbrev[40];
-	enum replay_action action;
-	int insn_len = 0;
-	char *p, *q;
-
-	if (!prefixcmp(start, "pick ")) {
-		action = CHERRY_PICK;
-		insn_len = strlen("pick");
-		p = start + insn_len + 1;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(start, "revert ")) {
-		action = REVERT;
-		insn_len = strlen("revert");
-		p = start + insn_len + 1;
-	} else
-		return NULL;
-
-	q = strchr(p, ' ');
-	if (!q)
-		return NULL;
-	q++;
-
-	strlcpy(sha1_abbrev, p, q - p);
-
-	/*
-	 * Verify that the action matches up with the one in
-	 * opts; we don't support arbitrary instructions
-	 */
-	if (action != opts->action) {
-		const char *action_str;
-		action_str = action == REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
-		error(_("Cannot %s during a %s"), action_str, action_name(opts));
-		return NULL;
-	}
-
-	if (get_sha1(sha1_abbrev, commit_sha1) < 0)
-		return NULL;
-
-	return lookup_commit_reference(commit_sha1);
-}
-
-static int parse_insn_buffer(char *buf, struct commit_list **todo_list,
-			struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct commit_list **next = todo_list;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	char *p = buf;
-	int i;
-
-	for (i = 1; *p; i++) {
-		commit = parse_insn_line(p, opts);
-		if (!commit)
-			return error(_("Could not parse line %d."), i);
-		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
-		p = strchrnul(p, '\n');
-		if (*p)
-			p++;
-	}
-	if (!*todo_list)
-		return error(_("No commits parsed."));
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void read_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
-			struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd, res;
-
-	fd = open(todo_file, O_RDONLY);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not open %s."), todo_file);
-	if (strbuf_read(&buf, fd, 0) < 0) {
-		close(fd);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die(_("Could not read %s."), todo_file);
-	}
-	close(fd);
-
-	res = parse_insn_buffer(buf.buf, todo_list, opts);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	if (res)
-		die(_("Unusable instruction sheet: %s"), todo_file);
-}
-
-static int populate_opts_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
-{
-	struct replay_opts *opts = data;
-	int error_flag = 1;
-
-	if (!value)
-		error_flag = 0;
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.no-commit"))
-		opts->no_commit = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.edit"))
-		opts->edit = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.signoff"))
-		opts->signoff = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.record-origin"))
-		opts->record_origin = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.allow-ff"))
-		opts->allow_ff = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.mainline"))
-		opts->mainline = git_config_int(key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy"))
-		git_config_string(&opts->strategy, key, value);
-	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy-option")) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(opts->xopts, opts->xopts_nr + 1, opts->xopts_alloc);
-		opts->xopts[opts->xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(value);
-	} else
-		return error(_("Invalid key: %s"), key);
-
-	if (!error_flag)
-		return error(_("Invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
-
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void read_populate_opts(struct replay_opts **opts_ptr)
-{
-	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
-
-	if (!file_exists(opts_file))
-		return;
-	if (git_config_from_file(populate_opts_cb, opts_file, *opts_ptr) < 0)
-		die(_("Malformed options sheet: %s"), opts_file);
-}
-
-static void walk_revs_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
-				struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct rev_info revs;
-	struct commit *commit;
-	struct commit_list **next;
-
-	prepare_revs(&revs, opts);
-
-	next = todo_list;
-	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)))
-		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
-}
-
-static int create_seq_dir(void)
-{
-	const char *seq_dir = git_path(SEQ_DIR);
-
-	if (file_exists(seq_dir))
-		return error(_("%s already exists."), seq_dir);
-	else if (mkdir(seq_dir, 0777) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not create sequencer directory '%s'."), seq_dir);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static void save_head(const char *head)
-{
-	const char *head_file = git_path(SEQ_HEAD_FILE);
-	static struct lock_file head_lock;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd;
-
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&head_lock, head_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", head);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s."), head_file);
-	if (commit_lock_file(&head_lock) < 0)
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), head_file);
-}
-
-static void save_todo(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
-	static struct lock_file todo_lock;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int fd;
-
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&todo_lock, todo_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
-	if (format_todo(&buf, todo_list, opts) < 0)
-		die(_("Could not format %s."), todo_file);
-	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s."), todo_file);
-	}
-	if (commit_lock_file(&todo_lock) < 0) {
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), todo_file);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-}
-
-static void save_opts(struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
-
-	if (opts->no_commit)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.no-commit", "true");
-	if (opts->edit)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.edit", "true");
-	if (opts->signoff)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.signoff", "true");
-	if (opts->record_origin)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.record-origin", "true");
-	if (opts->allow_ff)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.allow-ff", "true");
-	if (opts->mainline) {
-		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%d", opts->mainline);
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.mainline", buf.buf);
-		strbuf_release(&buf);
-	}
-	if (opts->strategy)
-		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.strategy", opts->strategy);
-	if (opts->xopts) {
-		int i;
-		for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++)
-			git_config_set_multivar_in_file(opts_file,
-							"options.strategy-option",
-							opts->xopts[i], "^$", 0);
-	}
-}
-
-static int pick_commits(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct commit_list *cur;
-	int res;
-
-	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, action_name(opts), 0);
-	if (opts->allow_ff)
-		assert(!(opts->signoff || opts->no_commit ||
-				opts->record_origin || opts->edit));
-	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
-
-	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
-		save_todo(cur, opts);
-		res = do_pick_commit(cur->item, opts);
-		if (res) {
-			if (!cur->next)
-				/*
-				 * An error was encountered while
-				 * picking the last commit; the
-				 * sequencer state is useless now --
-				 * the user simply needs to resolve
-				 * the conflict and commit
-				 */
-				remove_sequencer_state(0);
-			return res;
-		}
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Sequence of picks finished successfully; cleanup by
-	 * removing the .git/sequencer directory
-	 */
-	remove_sequencer_state(1);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
-{
-	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-
-	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
-
-	/*
-	 * Decide what to do depending on the arguments; a fresh
-	 * cherry-pick should be handled differently from an existing
-	 * one that is being continued
-	 */
-	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_RESET) {
-		remove_sequencer_state(1);
-		return 0;
-	} else if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE) {
-		if (!file_exists(git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE)))
-			goto error;
-		read_populate_opts(&opts);
-		read_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
-
-		/* Verify that the conflict has been resolved */
-		if (!index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
-			todo_list = todo_list->next;
-	} else {
-		/*
-		 * Start a new cherry-pick/ revert sequence; but
-		 * first, make sure that an existing one isn't in
-		 * progress
-		 */
-
-		walk_revs_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
-		if (create_seq_dir() < 0) {
-			error(_("A cherry-pick or revert is in progress."));
-			advise(_("Use --continue to continue the operation"));
-			advise(_("or --reset to forget about it"));
-			return -1;
-		}
-		if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1)) {
-			if (opts->action == REVERT)
-				return error(_("Can't revert as initial commit"));
-			return error(_("Can't cherry-pick into empty head"));
-		}
-		save_head(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		save_opts(opts);
-	}
-	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
-error:
-	return error(_("No %s in progress"), action_name(opts));
+		usage_with_options(usage_str, options);
 }
 
 int cmd_revert(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
@@ -1011,10 +215,10 @@
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
 	if (isatty(0))
 		opts.edit = 1;
-	opts.action = REVERT;
+	opts.action = REPLAY_REVERT;
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	parse_args(argc, argv, &opts);
-	res = pick_revisions(&opts);
+	res = sequencer_pick_revisions(&opts);
 	if (res < 0)
 		die(_("revert failed"));
 	return res;
@@ -1026,10 +230,10 @@
 	int res;
 
 	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
-	opts.action = CHERRY_PICK;
+	opts.action = REPLAY_PICK;
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	parse_args(argc, argv, &opts);
-	res = pick_revisions(&opts);
+	res = sequencer_pick_revisions(&opts);
 	if (res < 0)
 		die(_("cherry-pick failed"));
 	return res;
diff --git a/builtin/rm.c b/builtin/rm.c
index 90c8a50..dabfcf6 100644
--- a/builtin/rm.c
+++ b/builtin/rm.c
@@ -9,17 +9,67 @@
 #include "cache-tree.h"
 #include "tree-walk.h"
 #include "parse-options.h"
+#include "submodule.h"
 
 static const char * const builtin_rm_usage[] = {
-	"git rm [options] [--] <file>...",
+	N_("git rm [options] [--] <file>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
 static struct {
 	int nr, alloc;
-	const char **name;
+	struct {
+		const char *name;
+		char is_submodule;
+	} *entry;
 } list;
 
+static int get_ours_cache_pos(const char *path, int pos)
+{
+	int i = -pos - 1;
+
+	while ((i < active_nr) && !strcmp(active_cache[i]->name, path)) {
+		if (ce_stage(active_cache[i]) == 2)
+			return i;
+		i++;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int check_submodules_use_gitfiles(void)
+{
+	int i;
+	int errs = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
+		const char *name = list.entry[i].name;
+		int pos;
+		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		struct stat st;
+
+		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			if (pos < 0)
+				continue;
+		}
+		ce = active_cache[pos];
+
+		if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) ||
+		    (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) ||
+		    is_empty_dir(name))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(name))
+			errs = error(_("submodule '%s' (or one of its nested "
+				     "submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+				     "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove "
+				     "it including all of its history)"), name);
+	}
+
+	return errs;
+}
+
 static int check_local_mod(unsigned char *head, int index_only)
 {
 	/*
@@ -37,15 +87,26 @@
 		struct stat st;
 		int pos;
 		struct cache_entry *ce;
-		const char *name = list.name[i];
+		const char *name = list.entry[i].name;
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		unsigned mode;
 		int local_changes = 0;
 		int staged_changes = 0;
 
 		pos = cache_name_pos(name, strlen(name));
-		if (pos < 0)
-			continue; /* removing unmerged entry */
+		if (pos < 0) {
+			/*
+			 * Skip unmerged entries except for populated submodules
+			 * that could lose history when removed.
+			 */
+			pos = get_ours_cache_pos(name, pos);
+			if (pos < 0)
+				continue;
+
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(active_cache[pos]->ce_mode) ||
+			    is_empty_dir(name))
+				continue;
+		}
 		ce = active_cache[pos];
 
 		if (lstat(ce->name, &st) < 0) {
@@ -58,9 +119,10 @@
 			/* if a file was removed and it is now a
 			 * directory, that is the same as ENOENT as
 			 * far as git is concerned; we do not track
-			 * directories.
+			 * directories unless they are submodules.
 			 */
-			continue;
+			if (!S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
+				continue;
 		}
 
 		/*
@@ -80,8 +142,11 @@
 
 		/*
 		 * Is the index different from the file in the work tree?
+		 * If it's a submodule, is its work tree modified?
 		 */
-		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0))
+		if (ce_match_stat(ce, &st, 0) ||
+		    (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+		     !ok_to_remove_submodule(ce->name)))
 			local_changes = 1;
 
 		/*
@@ -115,10 +180,18 @@
 				errs = error(_("'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
 					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
 					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
-			if (local_changes)
-				errs = error(_("'%s' has local modifications\n"
-					     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
-					     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
+			if (local_changes) {
+				if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode) &&
+				    !submodule_uses_gitfile(name)) {
+					errs = error(_("submodule '%s' (or one of its nested "
+						     "submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+						     "(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove "
+						     "it including all of its history)"), name);
+				} else
+					errs = error(_("'%s' has local modifications\n"
+						     "(use --cached to keep the file, "
+						     "or -f to force removal)"), name);
+			}
 		}
 	}
 	return errs;
@@ -130,13 +203,13 @@
 static int ignore_unmatch = 0;
 
 static struct option builtin_rm_options[] = {
-	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, "dry run"),
-	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, "do not list removed files"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "cached",         &index_only, "only remove from the index"),
-	OPT__FORCE(&force, "override the up-to-date check"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL,             &recursive,  "allow recursive removal"),
+	OPT__DRY_RUN(&show_only, N_("dry run")),
+	OPT__QUIET(&quiet, N_("do not list removed files")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "cached",         &index_only, N_("only remove from the index")),
+	OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("override the up-to-date check")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN('r', NULL,             &recursive,  N_("allow recursive removal")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "ignore-unmatch", &ignore_unmatch,
-				"exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"),
+				N_("exit with a zero status even if nothing matched")),
 	OPT_END(),
 };
 
@@ -161,6 +234,21 @@
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die(_("index file corrupt"));
 
+	/*
+	 * Drop trailing directory separators from directories so we'll find
+	 * submodules in the index.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
+		size_t pathlen = strlen(argv[i]);
+		if (pathlen && is_dir_sep(argv[i][pathlen - 1]) &&
+		    is_directory(argv[i])) {
+			do {
+				pathlen--;
+			} while (pathlen && is_dir_sep(argv[i][pathlen - 1]));
+			argv[i] = xmemdupz(argv[i], pathlen);
+		}
+	}
+
 	pathspec = get_pathspec(prefix, argv);
 	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET, pathspec, NULL, NULL);
 
@@ -173,8 +261,9 @@
 		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
 		if (!match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen))
 			continue;
-		ALLOC_GROW(list.name, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
-		list.name[list.nr++] = ce->name;
+		ALLOC_GROW(list.entry, list.nr + 1, list.alloc);
+		list.entry[list.nr].name = ce->name;
+		list.entry[list.nr++].is_submodule = S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode);
 	}
 
 	if (pathspec) {
@@ -215,6 +304,9 @@
 			hashclr(sha1);
 		if (check_local_mod(sha1, index_only))
 			exit(1);
+	} else if (!index_only) {
+		if (check_submodules_use_gitfiles())
+			exit(1);
 	}
 
 	/*
@@ -222,7 +314,7 @@
 	 * the index unless all of them succeed.
 	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
-		const char *path = list.name[i];
+		const char *path = list.entry[i].name;
 		if (!quiet)
 			printf("rm '%s'\n", path);
 
@@ -244,7 +336,25 @@
 	if (!index_only) {
 		int removed = 0;
 		for (i = 0; i < list.nr; i++) {
-			const char *path = list.name[i];
+			const char *path = list.entry[i].name;
+			if (list.entry[i].is_submodule) {
+				if (is_empty_dir(path)) {
+					if (!rmdir(path)) {
+						removed = 1;
+						continue;
+					}
+				} else {
+					struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+					strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
+					if (!remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0)) {
+						removed = 1;
+						strbuf_release(&buf);
+						continue;
+					}
+					strbuf_release(&buf);
+					/* Fallthrough and let remove_path() fail. */
+				}
+			}
 			if (!remove_path(path)) {
 				removed = 1;
 				continue;
diff --git a/builtin/send-pack.c b/builtin/send-pack.c
index c1f6ddd..57a46b2 100644
--- a/builtin/send-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/send-pack.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "send-pack.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 #include "transport.h"
+#include "version.h"
 
 static const char send_pack_usage[] =
 "git send-pack [--all | --mirror] [--dry-run] [--force] [--receive-pack=<git-receive-pack>] [--verbose] [--thin] [<host>:]<directory> [<ref>...]\n"
@@ -15,164 +16,6 @@
 
 static struct send_pack_args args;
 
-static int feed_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, int negative)
-{
-	char buf[42];
-
-	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
-		return 1;
-
-	memcpy(buf + negative, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
-	if (negative)
-		buf[0] = '^';
-	buf[40 + negative] = '\n';
-	return write_or_whine(fd, buf, 41 + negative, "send-pack: send refs");
-}
-
-/*
- * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
- */
-static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
-{
-	/*
-	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
-	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
-	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
-	 */
-	const char *argv[] = {
-		"pack-objects",
-		"--all-progress-implied",
-		"--revs",
-		"--stdout",
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-		NULL,
-	};
-	struct child_process po;
-	int i;
-
-	i = 4;
-	if (args->use_thin_pack)
-		argv[i++] = "--thin";
-	if (args->use_ofs_delta)
-		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
-	if (args->quiet)
-		argv[i++] = "-q";
-	if (args->progress)
-		argv[i++] = "--progress";
-	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
-	po.argv = argv;
-	po.in = -1;
-	po.out = args->stateless_rpc ? -1 : fd;
-	po.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&po))
-		die_errno("git pack-objects failed");
-
-	/*
-	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
-	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
-	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
-		if (!feed_object(extra->array[i], po.in, 1))
-			break;
-
-	while (refs) {
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
-		    !feed_object(refs->old_sha1, po.in, 1))
-			break;
-		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1) &&
-		    !feed_object(refs->new_sha1, po.in, 0))
-			break;
-		refs = refs->next;
-	}
-
-	close(po.in);
-
-	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
-		char *buf = xmalloc(LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-		while (1) {
-			ssize_t n = xread(po.out, buf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-			if (n <= 0)
-				break;
-			send_sideband(fd, -1, buf, n, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-		}
-		free(buf);
-		close(po.out);
-		po.out = -1;
-	}
-
-	if (finish_command(&po))
-		return -1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
-{
-	struct ref *hint;
-	char line[1000];
-	int ret = 0;
-	int len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-	if (len < 10 || memcmp(line, "unpack ", 7))
-		return error("did not receive remote status");
-	if (memcmp(line, "unpack ok\n", 10)) {
-		char *p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
-		if (*p == '\n')
-			*p = '\0';
-		error("unpack failed: %s", line + 7);
-		ret = -1;
-	}
-	hint = NULL;
-	while (1) {
-		char *refname;
-		char *msg;
-		len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
-		if (!len)
-			break;
-		if (len < 3 ||
-		    (memcmp(line, "ok ", 3) && memcmp(line, "ng ", 3))) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "protocol error: %s\n", line);
-			ret = -1;
-			break;
-		}
-
-		line[strlen(line)-1] = '\0';
-		refname = line + 3;
-		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
-		if (msg)
-			*msg++ = '\0';
-
-		/* first try searching at our hint, falling back to all refs */
-		if (hint)
-			hint = find_ref_by_name(hint, refname);
-		if (!hint)
-			hint = find_ref_by_name(refs, refname);
-		if (!hint) {
-			warning("remote reported status on unknown ref: %s",
-					refname);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (hint->status != REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT) {
-			warning("remote reported status on unexpected ref: %s",
-					refname);
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (line[0] == 'o' && line[1] == 'k')
-			hint->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
-		else {
-			hint->status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
-			ret = -1;
-		}
-		if (msg)
-			hint->remote_status = xstrdup(msg);
-		/* start our next search from the next ref */
-		hint = hint->next;
-	}
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static void print_helper_status(struct ref *ref)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -201,6 +44,21 @@
 			msg = "non-fast forward";
 			break;
 
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "fetch first";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "needs force";
+			break;
+
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+			res = "error";
+			msg = "already exists";
+			break;
+
 		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE:
 		case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 			res = "error";
@@ -226,168 +84,6 @@
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
-static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
-{
-	int *fd = data, ret;
-#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
-	close(fd[1]);
-#endif
-	ret = recv_sideband("send-pack", fd[0], out);
-	close(out);
-	return ret;
-}
-
-int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
-	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
-	      struct ref *remote_refs,
-	      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
-{
-	int in = fd[0];
-	int out = fd[1];
-	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct ref *ref;
-	int new_refs;
-	int allow_deleting_refs = 0;
-	int status_report = 0;
-	int use_sideband = 0;
-	unsigned cmds_sent = 0;
-	int ret;
-	struct async demux;
-
-	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
-	if (server_supports("report-status"))
-		status_report = 1;
-	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
-		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
-	if (server_supports("ofs-delta"))
-		args->use_ofs_delta = 1;
-	if (server_supports("side-band-64k"))
-		use_sideband = 1;
-
-	if (!remote_refs) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
-			"Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n");
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	/*
-	 * Finally, tell the other end!
-	 */
-	new_refs = 0;
-	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		if (!ref->peer_ref && !args->send_mirror)
-			continue;
-
-		/* Check for statuses set by set_ref_status_for_push() */
-		switch (ref->status) {
-		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
-		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
-			continue;
-		default:
-			; /* do nothing */
-		}
-
-		if (ref->deletion && !allow_deleting_refs) {
-			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE;
-			continue;
-		}
-
-		if (!ref->deletion)
-			new_refs++;
-
-		if (args->dry_run) {
-			ref->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
-		} else {
-			char *old_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1);
-			char *new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
-
-			if (!cmds_sent && (status_report || use_sideband)) {
-				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s%c%s%s",
-					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
-					status_report ? " report-status" : "",
-					use_sideband ? " side-band-64k" : "");
-			}
-			else
-				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s",
-					old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
-			ref->status = status_report ?
-				REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT :
-				REF_STATUS_OK;
-			cmds_sent++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
-		if (!args->dry_run && cmds_sent) {
-			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
-			send_sideband(out, -1, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
-		}
-	} else {
-		safe_write(out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
-		packet_flush(out);
-	}
-	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
-
-	if (use_sideband && cmds_sent) {
-		memset(&demux, 0, sizeof(demux));
-		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
-		demux.data = fd;
-		demux.out = -1;
-		if (start_async(&demux))
-			die("receive-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer");
-		in = demux.out;
-	}
-
-	if (new_refs && cmds_sent) {
-		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, extra_have, args) < 0) {
-			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
-				ref->status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
-			if (args->stateless_rpc)
-				close(out);
-			if (git_connection_is_socket(conn))
-				shutdown(fd[0], SHUT_WR);
-			if (use_sideband)
-				finish_async(&demux);
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-	if (args->stateless_rpc && cmds_sent)
-		packet_flush(out);
-
-	if (status_report && cmds_sent)
-		ret = receive_status(in, remote_refs);
-	else
-		ret = 0;
-	if (args->stateless_rpc)
-		packet_flush(out);
-
-	if (use_sideband && cmds_sent) {
-		if (finish_async(&demux)) {
-			error("error in sideband demultiplexer");
-			ret = -1;
-		}
-		close(demux.out);
-	}
-
-	if (ret < 0)
-		return ret;
-
-	if (args->porcelain)
-		return 0;
-
-	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
-		switch (ref->status) {
-		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
-		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
-		case REF_STATUS_OK:
-			break;
-		default:
-			return -1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
 int cmd_send_pack(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i, nr_refspecs = 0;
@@ -404,7 +100,8 @@
 	int send_all = 0;
 	const char *receivepack = "git-receive-pack";
 	int flags;
-	int nonfastforward = 0;
+	unsigned int reject_reasons;
+	int progress = -1;
 
 	argv++;
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++, argv++) {
@@ -439,10 +136,22 @@
 				args.force_update = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--quiet")) {
+				args.quiet = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--verbose")) {
 				args.verbose = 1;
 				continue;
 			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--progress")) {
+				progress = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-progress")) {
+				progress = 0;
+				continue;
+			}
 			if (!strcmp(arg, "--thin")) {
 				args.use_thin_pack = 1;
 				continue;
@@ -483,6 +192,10 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (progress == -1)
+		progress = !args.quiet && isatty(2);
+	args.progress = progress;
+
 	if (args.stateless_rpc) {
 		conn = NULL;
 		fd[0] = 0;
@@ -494,8 +207,7 @@
 
 	memset(&extra_have, 0, sizeof(extra_have));
 
-	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &remote_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
-			 &extra_have);
+	get_remote_heads(fd[0], &remote_refs, REF_NORMAL, &extra_have);
 
 	transport_verify_remote_names(nr_refspecs, refspecs);
 
@@ -509,7 +221,7 @@
 		flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
+	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs, nr_refspecs, refspecs, flags))
 		return -1;
 
 	set_ref_status_for_push(remote_refs, args.send_mirror,
@@ -526,7 +238,7 @@
 	ret |= finish_connect(conn);
 
 	if (!helper_status)
-		transport_print_push_status(dest, remote_refs, args.verbose, 0, &nonfastforward);
+		transport_print_push_status(dest, remote_refs, args.verbose, 0, &reject_reasons);
 
 	if (!args.dry_run && remote) {
 		struct ref *ref;
diff --git a/builtin/shortlog.c b/builtin/shortlog.c
index 37f3193..240bff3 100644
--- a/builtin/shortlog.c
+++ b/builtin/shortlog.c
@@ -10,9 +10,9 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static char const * const shortlog_usage[] = {
-	"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]",
+	N_("git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"),
 	"",
-	"[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)",
+	N_("[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -36,52 +36,28 @@
 	const char *dot3 = log->common_repo_prefix;
 	char *buffer, *p;
 	struct string_list_item *item;
-	char namebuf[1024];
-	char emailbuf[1024];
-	size_t len;
+	const char *mailbuf, *namebuf;
+	size_t namelen, maillen;
 	const char *eol;
-	const char *boemail, *eoemail;
 	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf namemailbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ident_split ident;
 
-	boemail = strchr(author, '<');
-	if (!boemail)
-		return;
-	eoemail = strchr(boemail, '>');
-	if (!eoemail)
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, author, strlen(author)))
 		return;
 
-	/* copy author name to namebuf, to support matching on both name and email */
-	memcpy(namebuf, author, boemail - author);
-	len = boemail - author;
-	while (len > 0 && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
-		len--;
-	namebuf[len] = 0;
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
 
-	/* copy email name to emailbuf, to allow email replacement as well */
-	memcpy(emailbuf, boemail+1, eoemail - boemail);
-	emailbuf[eoemail - boemail - 1] = 0;
+	map_user(&log->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
+	strbuf_add(&namemailbuf, namebuf, namelen);
 
-	if (!map_user(&log->mailmap, emailbuf, sizeof(emailbuf), namebuf, sizeof(namebuf))) {
-		while (author < boemail && isspace(*author))
-			author++;
-		for (len = 0;
-		     len < sizeof(namebuf) - 1 && author + len < boemail;
-		     len++)
-			namebuf[len] = author[len];
-		while (0 < len && isspace(namebuf[len-1]))
-			len--;
-		namebuf[len] = '\0';
-	}
-	else
-		len = strlen(namebuf);
+	if (log->email)
+		strbuf_addf(&namemailbuf, " <%.*s>", (int)maillen, mailbuf);
 
-	if (log->email) {
-		size_t room = sizeof(namebuf) - len - 1;
-		int maillen = strlen(emailbuf);
-		snprintf(namebuf + len, room, " <%.*s>", maillen, emailbuf);
-	}
-
-	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, namebuf);
+	item = string_list_insert(&log->list, namemailbuf.buf);
 	if (item->util == NULL)
 		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 
@@ -250,13 +226,13 @@
 
 	static const struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "numbered", &log.sort_by_number,
-			    "sort output according to the number of commits per author"),
+			    N_("sort output according to the number of commits per author")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "summary", &log.summary,
-			    "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"),
+			    N_("Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('e', "email", &log.email,
-			    "Show the email address of each author"),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'w', NULL, &log, "w[,i1[,i2]]",
-			"Linewrap output", PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_wrap_args },
+			    N_("Show the email address of each author")),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'w', NULL, &log, N_("w[,i1[,i2]]"),
+			N_("Linewrap output"), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_wrap_args },
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -306,9 +282,8 @@
 static void add_wrapped_shortlog_msg(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s,
 				     const struct shortlog *log)
 {
-	int col = strbuf_add_wrapped_text(sb, s, log->in1, log->in2, log->wrap);
-	if (col != log->wrap)
-		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+	strbuf_add_wrapped_text(sb, s, log->in1, log->in2, log->wrap);
+	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
 void shortlog_output(struct shortlog *log)
diff --git a/builtin/show-branch.c b/builtin/show-branch.c
index 4b480d7..d208fd6 100644
--- a/builtin/show-branch.c
+++ b/builtin/show-branch.c
@@ -6,8 +6,8 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char* show_branch_usage[] = {
-    "git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]",
-    "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]",
+    N_("git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | <glob>)...]"),
+    N_("git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"),
     NULL
 };
 
@@ -648,36 +648,36 @@
 	const char *reflog_base = NULL;
 	struct option builtin_show_branch_options[] = {
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "all", &all_heads,
-			    "show remote-tracking and local branches"),
+			    N_("show remote-tracking and local branches")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('r', "remotes", &all_remotes,
-			    "show remote-tracking branches"),
+			    N_("show remote-tracking branches")),
 		OPT__COLOR(&showbranch_use_color,
-			    "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"),
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "more", &extra, "n",
-			    "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor",
+			    N_("color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch")),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 0, "more", &extra, N_("n"),
+			    N_("show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, (intptr_t)1 },
-		OPT_SET_INT(0, "list", &extra, "synonym to more=-1", -1),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-name", &no_name, "suppress naming strings"),
+		OPT_SET_INT(0, "list", &extra, N_("synonym to more=-1"), -1),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "no-name", &no_name, N_("suppress naming strings")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "current", &with_current_branch,
-			    "include the current branch"),
+			    N_("include the current branch")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "sha1-name", &sha1_name,
-			    "name commits with their object names"),
+			    N_("name commits with their object names")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "merge-base", &merge_base,
-			    "show possible merge bases"),
+			    N_("show possible merge bases")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "independent", &independent,
-			    "show refs unreachable from any other ref"),
+			    N_("show refs unreachable from any other ref")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topo-order", &lifo,
-			    "show commits in topological order"),
+			    N_("show commits in topological order")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "topics", &topics,
-			    "show only commits not on the first branch"),
+			    N_("show only commits not on the first branch")),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "sparse", &dense,
-			    "show merges reachable from only one tip", 0),
+			    N_("show merges reachable from only one tip"), 0),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "date-order", &lifo,
-			    "show commits where no parent comes before its "
-			    "children", 0),
-		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'g', "reflog", &reflog_base, "<n>[,<base>]",
-			    "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at "
-			    "base",
+			    N_("show commits where no parent comes before its "
+			       "children"), 0),
+		{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'g', "reflog", &reflog_base, N_("<n>[,<base>]"),
+			    N_("show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at "
+			       "base"),
 			    PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
 			    parse_reflog_param },
 		OPT_END()
@@ -726,10 +726,8 @@
 
 		if (ac == 0) {
 			static const char *fake_av[2];
-			const char *refname;
 
-			refname = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
-			fake_av[0] = xstrdup(refname);
+			fake_av[0] = resolve_refdup("HEAD", sha1, 1, NULL);
 			fake_av[1] = NULL;
 			av = fake_av;
 			ac = 1;
@@ -791,7 +789,7 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	head_p = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
+	head_p = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
 	if (head_p) {
 		head_len = strlen(head_p);
 		memcpy(head, head_p, head_len + 1);
diff --git a/builtin/show-ref.c b/builtin/show-ref.c
index fafb6dd..8d9b76a 100644
--- a/builtin/show-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/show-ref.c
@@ -7,8 +7,8 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const show_ref_usage[] = {
-	"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] ",
-	"git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list",
+	N_("git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "),
+	N_("git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -28,7 +28,6 @@
 
 static int show_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cbdata)
 {
-	struct object *obj;
 	const char *hex;
 	unsigned char peeled[20];
 
@@ -79,25 +78,9 @@
 	if (!deref_tags)
 		return 0;
 
-	if ((flag & REF_ISPACKED) && !peel_ref(refname, peeled)) {
-		if (!is_null_sha1(peeled)) {
-			hex = find_unique_abbrev(peeled, abbrev);
-			printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
-		}
-	}
-	else {
-		obj = parse_object(sha1);
-		if (!obj)
-			die("git show-ref: bad ref %s (%s)", refname,
-			    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			obj = deref_tag(obj, refname, 0);
-			if (!obj)
-				die("git show-ref: bad tag at ref %s (%s)", refname,
-				    sha1_to_hex(sha1));
-			hex = find_unique_abbrev(obj->sha1, abbrev);
-			printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
-		}
+	if (!peel_ref(refname, peeled)) {
+		hex = find_unique_abbrev(peeled, abbrev);
+		printf("%s %s^{}\n", hex, refname);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -179,26 +162,26 @@
 }
 
 static const struct option show_ref_options[] = {
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &tags_only, "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "heads", &heads_only, "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"),
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "verify", &verify, "stricter reference checking, "
-		    "requires exact ref path"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "tags", &tags_only, N_("only show tags (can be combined with heads)")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "heads", &heads_only, N_("only show heads (can be combined with tags)")),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "verify", &verify, N_("stricter reference checking, "
+		    "requires exact ref path")),
 	{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 'h', NULL, &show_head, NULL,
-	  "show the HEAD reference",
+	  N_("show the HEAD reference"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN },
-	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "head", &show_head, "show the HEAD reference"),
+	OPT_BOOLEAN(0, "head", &show_head, N_("show the HEAD reference")),
 	OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "dereference", &deref_tags,
-		    "dereference tags into object IDs"),
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 's', "hash", &abbrev, "n",
-	  "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits",
+		    N_("dereference tags into object IDs")),
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 's', "hash", &abbrev, N_("n"),
+	  N_("only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &hash_callback },
 	OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
 	OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
-		   "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"),
+		   N_("do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)")),
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "exclude-existing", &exclude_existing_arg,
-	  "pattern", "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository",
+	  N_("pattern"), N_("show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, exclude_existing_callback },
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", NULL, NULL, "show usage",
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "help-all", NULL, NULL, N_("show usage"),
 	  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, help_callback },
 	OPT_END()
 };
@@ -225,7 +208,7 @@
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
 
 			if (!prefixcmp(*pattern, "refs/") &&
-			    resolve_ref(*pattern, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+			    !read_ref(*pattern, sha1)) {
 				if (!quiet)
 					show_one(*pattern, sha1);
 			}
diff --git a/builtin/stripspace.c b/builtin/stripspace.c
index 4d3b93f..e981dfb 100644
--- a/builtin/stripspace.c
+++ b/builtin/stripspace.c
@@ -22,8 +22,6 @@
  * Remove empty lines from the beginning and end
  * and also trailing spaces from every line.
  *
- * Note that the buffer will not be NUL-terminated.
- *
  * Turn multiple consecutive empty lines between paragraphs
  * into just one empty line.
  *
@@ -32,7 +30,8 @@
  *
  * If last line does not have a newline at the end, one is added.
  *
- * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with "#".
+ * Enable skip_comments to skip every line starting with comment
+ * character.
  */
 void stripspace(struct strbuf *sb, int skip_comments)
 {
@@ -47,7 +46,7 @@
 		eol = memchr(sb->buf + i, '\n', sb->len - i);
 		len = eol ? eol - (sb->buf + i) + 1 : sb->len - i;
 
-		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == '#') {
+		if (skip_comments && len && sb->buf[i] == comment_line_char) {
 			newlen = 0;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -68,21 +67,53 @@
 	strbuf_setlen(sb, j);
 }
 
+static void comment_lines(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	char *msg;
+	size_t len;
+
+	msg = strbuf_detach(buf, &len);
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(buf, msg, len);
+	free(msg);
+}
+
+static const char *usage_msg = "\n"
+"  git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < input\n"
+"  git stripspace [-c | --comment-lines] < input";
+
 int cmd_stripspace(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int strip_comments = 0;
+	enum { INVAL = 0, STRIP_SPACE = 1, COMMENT_LINES = 2 } mode = STRIP_SPACE;
 
-	if (argc == 2 && (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
-				!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")))
-		strip_comments = 1;
-	else if (argc > 1)
-		usage("git stripspace [-s | --strip-comments] < <stream>");
+	if (argc == 2) {
+		if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-s") ||
+			!strcmp(argv[1], "--strip-comments")) {
+			 strip_comments = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "-c") ||
+					 !strcmp(argv[1], "--comment-lines")) {
+			 mode = COMMENT_LINES;
+		} else {
+			mode = INVAL;
+		}
+	} else if (argc > 1) {
+		mode = INVAL;
+	}
+
+	if (mode == INVAL)
+		usage(usage_msg);
+
+	if (strip_comments || mode == COMMENT_LINES)
+		git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
 	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 1024) < 0)
 		die_errno("could not read the input");
 
-	stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+	if (mode == STRIP_SPACE)
+		stripspace(&buf, strip_comments);
+	else
+		comment_lines(&buf);
 
 	write_or_die(1, buf.buf, buf.len);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
diff --git a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
index dea849c..f481959 100644
--- a/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/symbolic-ref.c
@@ -4,35 +4,43 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const git_symbolic_ref_usage[] = {
-	"git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]",
+	N_("git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"),
+	N_("git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"),
 	NULL
 };
 
-static void check_symref(const char *HEAD, int quiet)
+static int check_symref(const char *HEAD, int quiet, int shorten, int print)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int flag;
-	const char *refs_heads_master = resolve_ref(HEAD, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	const char *refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(HEAD, sha1, 0, &flag);
 
-	if (!refs_heads_master)
+	if (!refname)
 		die("No such ref: %s", HEAD);
 	else if (!(flag & REF_ISSYMREF)) {
 		if (!quiet)
 			die("ref %s is not a symbolic ref", HEAD);
 		else
-			exit(1);
+			return 1;
 	}
-	puts(refs_heads_master);
+	if (print) {
+		if (shorten)
+			refname = shorten_unambiguous_ref(refname, 0);
+		puts(refname);
+	}
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int cmd_symbolic_ref(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int quiet = 0;
+	int quiet = 0, delete = 0, shorten = 0, ret = 0;
 	const char *msg = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT__QUIET(&quiet,
-			"suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"),
-		OPT_STRING('m', NULL, &msg, "reason", "reason of the update"),
+			N_("suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs")),
+		OPT_BOOL('d', "delete", &delete, N_("delete symbolic ref")),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "short", &shorten, N_("shorten ref output")),
+		OPT_STRING('m', NULL, &msg, N_("reason"), N_("reason of the update")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
@@ -41,9 +49,19 @@
 			     git_symbolic_ref_usage, 0);
 	if (msg &&!*msg)
 		die("Refusing to perform update with empty message");
+
+	if (delete) {
+		if (argc != 1)
+			usage_with_options(git_symbolic_ref_usage, options);
+		ret = check_symref(argv[0], 1, 0, 0);
+		if (ret)
+			die("Cannot delete %s, not a symbolic ref", argv[0]);
+		return delete_ref(argv[0], NULL, REF_NODEREF);
+	}
+
 	switch (argc) {
 	case 1:
-		check_symref(argv[0], quiet);
+		ret = check_symref(argv[0], quiet, shorten, 1);
 		break;
 	case 2:
 		if (!strcmp(argv[0], "HEAD") &&
@@ -54,5 +72,5 @@
 	default:
 		usage_with_options(git_symbolic_ref_usage, options);
 	}
-	return 0;
+	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/builtin/tag.c b/builtin/tag.c
index cca1205..f826688 100644
--- a/builtin/tag.c
+++ b/builtin/tag.c
@@ -15,12 +15,15 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
+#include "column.h"
 
 static const char * const git_tag_usage[] = {
-	"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]",
-	"git tag -d <tagname>...",
-	"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [<pattern>...]",
-	"git tag -v <tagname>...",
+	N_("git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"),
+	N_("git tag -d <tagname>..."),
+	N_("git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] "
+		"\n\t\t[<pattern>...]"),
+	N_("git tag -v <tagname>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -30,6 +33,9 @@
 	struct commit_list *with_commit;
 };
 
+static struct sha1_array points_at;
+static unsigned int colopts;
+
 static int match_pattern(const char **patterns, const char *ref)
 {
 	/* no pattern means match everything */
@@ -41,6 +47,24 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static const unsigned char *match_points_at(const char *refname,
+					    const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	const unsigned char *tagged_sha1 = NULL;
+	struct object *obj;
+
+	if (sha1_array_lookup(&points_at, sha1) >= 0)
+		return sha1;
+	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	if (!obj)
+		die(_("malformed object at '%s'"), refname);
+	if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG)
+		tagged_sha1 = ((struct tag *)obj)->tagged->sha1;
+	if (tagged_sha1 && sha1_array_lookup(&points_at, tagged_sha1) >= 0)
+		return tagged_sha1;
+	return NULL;
+}
+
 static int in_commit_list(const struct commit_list *want, struct commit *c)
 {
 	for (; want; want = want->next)
@@ -83,18 +107,51 @@
 	return contains_recurse(candidate, want);
 }
 
+static void show_tag_lines(const unsigned char *sha1, int lines)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buf, *sp, *eol;
+	size_t len;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		die_errno("unable to read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (type != OBJ_COMMIT && type != OBJ_TAG)
+		goto free_return;
+	if (!size)
+		die("an empty %s object %s?",
+		    typename(type), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+
+	/* skip header */
+	sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
+	if (!sp)
+		goto free_return;
+
+	/* only take up to "lines" lines, and strip the signature from a tag */
+	if (type == OBJ_TAG)
+		size = parse_signature(buf, size);
+	for (i = 0, sp += 2; i < lines && sp < buf + size; i++) {
+		if (i)
+			printf("\n    ");
+		eol = memchr(sp, '\n', size - (sp - buf));
+		len = eol ? eol - sp : size - (sp - buf);
+		fwrite(sp, len, 1, stdout);
+		if (!eol)
+			break;
+		sp = eol + 1;
+	}
+free_return:
+	free(buf);
+}
+
 static int show_reference(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
 			  int flag, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct tag_filter *filter = cb_data;
 
 	if (match_pattern(filter->patterns, refname)) {
-		int i;
-		unsigned long size;
-		enum object_type type;
-		char *buf, *sp, *eol;
-		size_t len;
-
 		if (filter->with_commit) {
 			struct commit *commit;
 
@@ -105,38 +162,16 @@
 				return 0;
 		}
 
+		if (points_at.nr && !match_points_at(refname, sha1))
+			return 0;
+
 		if (!filter->lines) {
 			printf("%s\n", refname);
 			return 0;
 		}
 		printf("%-15s ", refname);
-
-		buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
-		if (!buf || !size)
-			return 0;
-
-		/* skip header */
-		sp = strstr(buf, "\n\n");
-		if (!sp) {
-			free(buf);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		/* only take up to "lines" lines, and strip the signature */
-		size = parse_signature(buf, size);
-		for (i = 0, sp += 2;
-				i < filter->lines && sp < buf + size;
-				i++) {
-			if (i)
-				printf("\n    ");
-			eol = memchr(sp, '\n', size - (sp - buf));
-			len = eol ? eol - sp : size - (sp - buf);
-			fwrite(sp, len, 1, stdout);
-			if (!eol)
-				break;
-			sp = eol + 1;
-		}
+		show_tag_lines(sha1, filter->lines);
 		putchar('\n');
-		free(buf);
 	}
 
 	return 0;
@@ -173,7 +208,7 @@
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL)) {
+		if (read_ref(ref, sha1)) {
 			error(_("tag '%s' not found."), *p);
 			had_error = 1;
 			continue;
@@ -211,16 +246,21 @@
 }
 
 static const char tag_template[] =
-	N_("\n"
-	"#\n"
-	"# Write a tag message\n"
-	"#\n");
+	N_("\nWrite a tag message\n"
+	"Lines starting with '%c' will be ignored.\n");
+
+static const char tag_template_nocleanup[] =
+	N_("\nWrite a tag message\n"
+	"Lines starting with '%c' will be kept; you may remove them"
+	" yourself if you want to.\n");
 
 static int git_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	int status = git_gpg_config(var, value, cb);
 	if (status)
 		return status;
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "column."))
+		return git_column_config(var, value, "tag", &colopts);
 	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
 }
 
@@ -255,8 +295,18 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct create_tag_options {
+	unsigned int message_given:1;
+	unsigned int sign;
+	enum {
+		CLEANUP_NONE,
+		CLEANUP_SPACE,
+		CLEANUP_ALL
+	} cleanup_mode;
+};
+
 static void create_tag(const unsigned char *object, const char *tag,
-		       struct strbuf *buf, int message, int sign,
+		       struct strbuf *buf, struct create_tag_options *opt,
 		       unsigned char *prev, unsigned char *result)
 {
 	enum object_type type;
@@ -276,12 +326,12 @@
 			  sha1_to_hex(object),
 			  typename(type),
 			  tag,
-			  git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
+			  git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
 
 	if (header_len > sizeof(header_buf) - 1)
 		die(_("tag header too big."));
 
-	if (!message) {
+	if (!opt->message_given) {
 		int fd;
 
 		/* write the template message before editing: */
@@ -290,10 +340,18 @@
 		if (fd < 0)
 			die_errno(_("could not create file '%s'"), path);
 
-		if (!is_null_sha1(prev))
+		if (!is_null_sha1(prev)) {
 			write_tag_body(fd, prev);
-		else
-			write_or_die(fd, _(tag_template), strlen(_(tag_template)));
+		} else {
+			struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+			if (opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL)
+				strbuf_commented_addf(&buf, _(tag_template), comment_line_char);
+			else
+				strbuf_commented_addf(&buf, _(tag_template_nocleanup), comment_line_char);
+			write_or_die(fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
+			strbuf_release(&buf);
+		}
 		close(fd);
 
 		if (launch_editor(path, buf, NULL)) {
@@ -303,14 +361,15 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	stripspace(buf, 1);
+	if (opt->cleanup_mode != CLEANUP_NONE)
+		stripspace(buf, opt->cleanup_mode == CLEANUP_ALL);
 
-	if (!message && !buf->len)
+	if (!opt->message_given && !buf->len)
 		die(_("no tag message?"));
 
 	strbuf_insert(buf, 0, header_buf, header_len);
 
-	if (build_tag_object(buf, sign, result) < 0) {
+	if (build_tag_object(buf, opt->sign, result) < 0) {
 		if (path)
 			fprintf(stderr, _("The tag message has been left in %s\n"),
 				path);
@@ -351,6 +410,23 @@
 	return check_refname_format(sb->buf, 0);
 }
 
+static int parse_opt_points_at(const struct option *opt __attribute__((unused)),
+			const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	if (unset) {
+		sha1_array_clear(&points_at);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (!arg)
+		return error(_("switch 'points-at' requires an object"));
+	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+		return error(_("malformed object name '%s'"), arg);
+	sha1_array_append(&points_at, sha1);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int cmd_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -358,50 +434,60 @@
 	unsigned char object[20], prev[20];
 	const char *object_ref, *tag;
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
-
-	int annotate = 0, sign = 0, force = 0, lines = -1,
-		list = 0, delete = 0, verify = 0;
+	struct create_tag_options opt;
+	char *cleanup_arg = NULL;
+	int annotate = 0, force = 0, lines = -1, list = 0,
+		delete = 0, verify = 0;
 	const char *msgfile = NULL, *keyid = NULL;
 	struct msg_arg msg = { 0, STRBUF_INIT };
 	struct commit_list *with_commit = NULL;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "list", &list, "list tag names"),
-		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, "n",
-				"print <n> lines of each tag message",
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('l', "list", &list, N_("list tag names")),
+		{ OPTION_INTEGER, 'n', NULL, &lines, N_("n"),
+				N_("print <n> lines of each tag message"),
 				PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, NULL, 1 },
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "delete", &delete, "delete tags"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verify", &verify, "verify tags"),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', "delete", &delete, N_("delete tags")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verify", &verify, N_("verify tags")),
 
-		OPT_GROUP("Tag creation options"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Tag creation options")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN('a', "annotate", &annotate,
-					"annotated tag, needs a message"),
-		OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &msg, "message",
-			     "tag message", parse_msg_arg),
-		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &msgfile, "read message from file"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "sign", &sign, "annotated and GPG-signed tag"),
-		OPT_STRING('u', "local-user", &keyid, "key-id",
-					"use another key to sign the tag"),
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "replace the tag if exists"),
+					N_("annotated tag, needs a message")),
+		OPT_CALLBACK('m', "message", &msg, N_("message"),
+			     N_("tag message"), parse_msg_arg),
+		OPT_FILENAME('F', "file", &msgfile, N_("read message from file")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('s', "sign", &opt.sign, N_("annotated and GPG-signed tag")),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "cleanup", &cleanup_arg, N_("mode"),
+			N_("how to strip spaces and #comments from message")),
+		OPT_STRING('u', "local-user", &keyid, N_("key id"),
+					N_("use another key to sign the tag")),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("replace the tag if exists")),
+		OPT_COLUMN(0, "column", &colopts, N_("show tag list in columns")),
 
-		OPT_GROUP("Tag listing options"),
+		OPT_GROUP(N_("Tag listing options")),
 		{
-			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, "commit",
-			"print only tags that contain the commit",
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "contains", &with_commit, N_("commit"),
+			N_("print only tags that contain the commit"),
 			PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT,
 			parse_opt_with_commit, (intptr_t)"HEAD",
 		},
+		{
+			OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "points-at", NULL, N_("object"),
+			N_("print only tags of the object"), 0, parse_opt_points_at
+		},
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
 	git_config(git_tag_config, NULL);
 
+	memset(&opt, 0, sizeof(opt));
+
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options, git_tag_usage, 0);
 
 	if (keyid) {
-		sign = 1;
+		opt.sign = 1;
 		set_signing_key(keyid);
 	}
-	if (sign)
+	if (opt.sign)
 		annotate = 1;
 	if (argc == 0 && !(delete || verify))
 		list = 1;
@@ -412,13 +498,31 @@
 
 	if (list + delete + verify > 1)
 		usage_with_options(git_tag_usage, options);
-	if (list)
-		return list_tags(argv, lines == -1 ? 0 : lines,
-				 with_commit);
+	finalize_colopts(&colopts, -1);
+	if (list && lines != -1) {
+		if (explicitly_enable_column(colopts))
+			die(_("--column and -n are incompatible"));
+		colopts = 0;
+	}
+	if (list) {
+		int ret;
+		if (column_active(colopts)) {
+			struct column_options copts;
+			memset(&copts, 0, sizeof(copts));
+			copts.padding = 2;
+			run_column_filter(colopts, &copts);
+		}
+		ret = list_tags(argv, lines == -1 ? 0 : lines, with_commit);
+		if (column_active(colopts))
+			stop_column_filter();
+		return ret;
+	}
 	if (lines != -1)
 		die(_("-n option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (with_commit)
 		die(_("--contains option is only allowed with -l."));
+	if (points_at.nr)
+		die(_("--points-at option is only allowed with -l."));
 	if (delete)
 		return for_each_tag_name(argv, delete_tag);
 	if (verify)
@@ -454,14 +558,24 @@
 	if (strbuf_check_tag_ref(&ref, tag))
 		die(_("'%s' is not a valid tag name."), tag);
 
-	if (!resolve_ref(ref.buf, prev, 1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref(ref.buf, prev))
 		hashclr(prev);
 	else if (!force)
 		die(_("tag '%s' already exists"), tag);
 
+	opt.message_given = msg.given || msgfile;
+
+	if (!cleanup_arg || !strcmp(cleanup_arg, "strip"))
+		opt.cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_ALL;
+	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "verbatim"))
+		opt.cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_NONE;
+	else if (!strcmp(cleanup_arg, "whitespace"))
+		opt.cleanup_mode = CLEANUP_SPACE;
+	else
+		die(_("Invalid cleanup mode %s"), cleanup_arg);
+
 	if (annotate)
-		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, msg.given || msgfile,
-			   sign, prev, object);
+		create_tag(object, tag, &buf, &opt, prev, object);
 
 	lock = lock_any_ref_for_update(ref.buf, prev, 0);
 	if (!lock)
diff --git a/builtin/unpack-objects.c b/builtin/unpack-objects.c
index 14e04e6..2217d7b 100644
--- a/builtin/unpack-objects.c
+++ b/builtin/unpack-objects.c
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@
 		if (stream.total_out == size && ret == Z_STREAM_END)
 			break;
 		if (ret != Z_OK) {
-			error("inflate returned %d\n", ret);
+			error("inflate returned %d", ret);
 			free(buf);
 			buf = NULL;
 			if (!recover)
diff --git a/builtin/update-index.c b/builtin/update-index.c
index a6a23fa..ada1dff 100644
--- a/builtin/update-index.c
+++ b/builtin/update-index.c
@@ -95,7 +95,8 @@
 	size = cache_entry_size(len);
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = len;
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
 	ce->ce_mode = ce_mode_from_stat(old, st->st_mode);
 
@@ -211,12 +212,6 @@
 	if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode))
 		return process_directory(path, len, &st);
 
-	/*
-	 * Process a regular file
-	 */
-	if (ce && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
-		return error("%s is already a gitlink, not replacing", path);
-
 	return add_one_path(ce, path, len, &st);
 }
 
@@ -235,7 +230,8 @@
 
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	if (assume_unchanged)
 		ce->ce_flags |= CE_VALID;
@@ -402,7 +398,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const update_index_usage[] = {
-	"git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]",
+	N_("git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -433,7 +429,8 @@
 
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(namelen, stage);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 	return ce;
 }
@@ -596,6 +593,7 @@
 static int refresh(struct refresh_params *o, unsigned int flag)
 {
 	setup_work_tree();
+	read_cache_preload(NULL);
 	*o->has_errors |= refresh_cache(o->flags | flag);
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -708,6 +706,7 @@
 	int newfd, entries, has_errors = 0, line_termination = '\n';
 	int read_from_stdin = 0;
 	int prefix_length = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+	int preferred_index_format = 0;
 	char set_executable_bit = 0;
 	struct refresh_params refresh_args = {0, &has_errors};
 	int lock_error = 0;
@@ -716,81 +715,83 @@
 	int parseopt_state = PARSE_OPT_UNKNOWN;
 	struct option options[] = {
 		OPT_BIT('q', NULL, &refresh_args.flags,
-			"continue refresh even when index needs update",
+			N_("continue refresh even when index needs update"),
 			REFRESH_QUIET),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-submodules", &refresh_args.flags,
-			"refresh: ignore submodules",
+			N_("refresh: ignore submodules"),
 			REFRESH_IGNORE_SUBMODULES),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "add", &allow_add,
-			"do not ignore new files", 1),
+			N_("do not ignore new files"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "replace", &allow_replace,
-			"let files replace directories and vice-versa", 1),
+			N_("let files replace directories and vice-versa"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "remove", &allow_remove,
-			"notice files missing from worktree", 1),
+			N_("notice files missing from worktree"), 1),
 		OPT_BIT(0, "unmerged", &refresh_args.flags,
-			"refresh even if index contains unmerged entries",
+			N_("refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"),
 			REFRESH_UNMERGED),
 		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
-			"refresh stat information",
+			N_("refresh stat information"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			refresh_callback},
 		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "really-refresh", &refresh_args, NULL,
-			"like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting",
+			N_("like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			really_refresh_callback},
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "cacheinfo", NULL,
-			"<mode> <object> <path>",
-			"add the specified entry to the index",
+			N_("<mode> <object> <path>"),
+			N_("add the specified entry to the index"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG |	/* disallow --cacheinfo=<mode> form */
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) cacheinfo_callback},
-		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "chmod", &set_executable_bit, "(+/-)x",
-			"override the executable bit of the listed files",
+		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "chmod", &set_executable_bit, N_("(+/-)x"),
+			N_("override the executable bit of the listed files"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP,
 			chmod_callback},
 		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "assume-unchanged", &mark_valid_only, NULL,
-			"mark files as \"not changing\"",
+			N_("mark files as \"not changing\""),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, MARK_FLAG},
 		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "no-assume-unchanged", &mark_valid_only, NULL,
-			"clear assumed-unchanged bit",
+			N_("clear assumed-unchanged bit"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, UNMARK_FLAG},
 		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "skip-worktree", &mark_skip_worktree_only, NULL,
-			"mark files as \"index-only\"",
+			N_("mark files as \"index-only\""),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, MARK_FLAG},
 		{OPTION_SET_INT, 0, "no-skip-worktree", &mark_skip_worktree_only, NULL,
-			"clear skip-worktree bit",
+			N_("clear skip-worktree bit"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, UNMARK_FLAG},
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "info-only", &info_only,
-			"add to index only; do not add content to object database", 1),
+			N_("add to index only; do not add content to object database"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "force-remove", &force_remove,
-			"remove named paths even if present in worktree", 1),
+			N_("remove named paths even if present in worktree"), 1),
 		OPT_SET_INT('z', NULL, &line_termination,
-			"with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes", '\0'),
+			N_("with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"), '\0'),
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "stdin", &read_from_stdin, NULL,
-			"read list of paths to be updated from standard input",
+			N_("read list of paths to be updated from standard input"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_callback},
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "index-info", &line_termination, NULL,
-			"add entries from standard input to the index",
+			N_("add entries from standard input to the index"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) stdin_cacheinfo_callback},
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 0, "unresolve", &has_errors, NULL,
-			"repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths",
+			N_("repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) unresolve_callback},
 		{OPTION_LOWLEVEL_CALLBACK, 'g', "again", &has_errors, NULL,
-			"only update entries that differ from HEAD",
+			N_("only update entries that differ from HEAD"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NOARG,
 			(parse_opt_cb *) reupdate_callback},
 		OPT_BIT(0, "ignore-missing", &refresh_args.flags,
-			"ignore files missing from worktree",
+			N_("ignore files missing from worktree"),
 			REFRESH_IGNORE_MISSING),
 		OPT_SET_INT(0, "verbose", &verbose,
-			"report actions to standard output", 1),
+			N_("report actions to standard output"), 1),
 		{OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "clear-resolve-undo", NULL, NULL,
-			"(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts",
+			N_("(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"),
 			PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG,
 			resolve_undo_clear_callback},
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "index-version", &preferred_index_format,
+			N_("write index in this format")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
@@ -851,6 +852,17 @@
 		}
 	}
 	argc = parse_options_end(&ctx);
+	if (preferred_index_format) {
+		if (preferred_index_format < INDEX_FORMAT_LB ||
+		    INDEX_FORMAT_UB < preferred_index_format)
+			die("index-version %d not in range: %d..%d",
+			    preferred_index_format,
+			    INDEX_FORMAT_LB, INDEX_FORMAT_UB);
+
+		if (the_index.version != preferred_index_format)
+			active_cache_changed = 1;
+		the_index.version = preferred_index_format;
+	}
 
 	if (read_from_stdin) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
diff --git a/builtin/update-ref.c b/builtin/update-ref.c
index 835c62a..51d2684 100644
--- a/builtin/update-ref.c
+++ b/builtin/update-ref.c
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const git_update_ref_usage[] = {
-	"git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]",
-	"git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]",
+	N_("git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"),
+	N_("git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -15,10 +15,10 @@
 	unsigned char sha1[20], oldsha1[20];
 	int delete = 0, no_deref = 0, flags = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_STRING( 'm', NULL, &msg, "reason", "reason of the update"),
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, "deletes the reference"),
+		OPT_STRING( 'm', NULL, &msg, N_("reason"), N_("reason of the update")),
+		OPT_BOOLEAN('d', NULL, &delete, N_("delete the reference")),
 		OPT_BOOLEAN( 0 , "no-deref", &no_deref,
-					"update <refname> not the one it points to"),
+					N_("update <refname> not the one it points to")),
 		OPT_END(),
 	};
 
diff --git a/builtin/update-server-info.c b/builtin/update-server-info.c
index b90dce6..6c8cc3e 100644
--- a/builtin/update-server-info.c
+++ b/builtin/update-server-info.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const update_server_info_usage[] = {
-	"git update-server-info [--force]",
+	N_("git update-server-info [--force]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -11,10 +11,11 @@
 {
 	int force = 0;
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT__FORCE(&force, "update the info files from scratch"),
+		OPT__FORCE(&force, N_("update the info files from scratch")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
+	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, options,
 			     update_server_info_usage, 0);
 	if (argc > 0)
diff --git a/builtin/upload-archive.c b/builtin/upload-archive.c
index 2d0b383..b928beb 100644
--- a/builtin/upload-archive.c
+++ b/builtin/upload-archive.c
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@
 #include "archive.h"
 #include "pkt-line.h"
 #include "sideband.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
 
 static const char upload_archive_usage[] =
 	"git upload-archive <repo>";
@@ -13,12 +14,9 @@
 static const char deadchild[] =
 "git upload-archive: archiver died with error";
 
-static const char lostchild[] =
-"git upload-archive: archiver process was lost";
-
 #define MAX_ARGS (64)
 
-static int run_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
+int cmd_upload_archive_writer(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	const char *sent_argv[MAX_ARGS];
 	const char *arg_cmd = "argument ";
@@ -96,8 +94,8 @@
 
 int cmd_upload_archive(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
-	pid_t writer;
-	int fd1[2], fd2[2];
+	struct child_process writer = { argv };
+
 	/*
 	 * Set up sideband subprocess.
 	 *
@@ -105,39 +103,24 @@
 	 * multiplexed out to our fd#1.  If the child dies, we tell the other
 	 * end over channel #3.
 	 */
-	if (pipe(fd1) < 0 || pipe(fd2) < 0) {
+	argv[0] = "upload-archive--writer";
+	writer.out = writer.err = -1;
+	writer.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&writer)) {
 		int err = errno;
-		packet_write(1, "NACK pipe failed on the remote side\n");
+		packet_write(1, "NACK unable to spawn subprocess\n");
 		die("upload-archive: %s", strerror(err));
 	}
-	writer = fork();
-	if (writer < 0) {
-		int err = errno;
-		packet_write(1, "NACK fork failed on the remote side\n");
-		die("upload-archive: %s", strerror(err));
-	}
-	if (!writer) {
-		/* child - connect fd#1 and fd#2 to the pipe */
-		dup2(fd1[1], 1);
-		dup2(fd2[1], 2);
-		close(fd1[1]); close(fd2[1]);
-		close(fd1[0]); close(fd2[0]); /* we do not read from pipe */
 
-		exit(run_upload_archive(argc, argv, prefix));
-	}
-
-	/* parent - read from child, multiplex and send out to fd#1 */
-	close(fd1[1]); close(fd2[1]); /* we do not write to pipe */
 	packet_write(1, "ACK\n");
 	packet_flush(1);
 
 	while (1) {
 		struct pollfd pfd[2];
-		int status;
 
-		pfd[0].fd = fd1[0];
+		pfd[0].fd = writer.out;
 		pfd[0].events = POLLIN;
-		pfd[1].fd = fd2[0];
+		pfd[1].fd = writer.err;
 		pfd[1].events = POLLIN;
 		if (poll(pfd, 2, -1) < 0) {
 			if (errno != EINTR) {
@@ -156,9 +139,7 @@
 			if (process_input(pfd[0].fd, 1))
 				continue;
 
-		if (waitpid(writer, &status, 0) < 0)
-			error_clnt("%s", lostchild);
-		else if (!WIFEXITED(status) || WEXITSTATUS(status) > 0)
+		if (finish_command(&writer))
 			error_clnt("%s", deadchild);
 		packet_flush(1);
 		break;
diff --git a/builtin/var.c b/builtin/var.c
index 99d068a..aedbb53 100644
--- a/builtin/var.c
+++ b/builtin/var.c
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 {
 	const char *pgm = git_editor();
 
-	if (!pgm && flag & IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME)
+	if (!pgm && flag & IDENT_STRICT)
 		die("Terminal is dumb, but EDITOR unset");
 
 	return pgm;
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 	val = NULL;
 	for (ptr = git_vars; ptr->read; ptr++) {
 		if (strcmp(var, ptr->name) == 0) {
-			val = ptr->read(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+			val = ptr->read(IDENT_STRICT);
 			break;
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/builtin/verify-pack.c b/builtin/verify-pack.c
index e841b4a..66cd2df 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-pack.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-pack.c
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@
 }
 
 static const char * const verify_pack_usage[] = {
-	"git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>...",
+	N_("git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@
 	unsigned int flags = 0;
 	int i;
 	const struct option verify_pack_options[] = {
-		OPT_BIT('v', "verbose", &flags, "verbose",
+		OPT_BIT('v', "verbose", &flags, N_("verbose"),
 			VERIFY_PACK_VERBOSE),
-		OPT_BIT('s', "stat-only", &flags, "show statistics only",
+		OPT_BIT('s', "stat-only", &flags, N_("show statistics only"),
 			VERIFY_PACK_STAT_ONLY),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
diff --git a/builtin/verify-tag.c b/builtin/verify-tag.c
index 28c2174..a8eee88 100644
--- a/builtin/verify-tag.c
+++ b/builtin/verify-tag.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 #include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 static const char * const verify_tag_usage[] = {
-		"git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>...",
+		N_("git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."),
 		NULL
 };
 
@@ -58,15 +58,23 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int git_verify_tag_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	int status = git_gpg_config(var, value, cb);
+	if (status)
+		return status;
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
 int cmd_verify_tag(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix)
 {
 	int i = 1, verbose = 0, had_error = 0;
 	const struct option verify_tag_options[] = {
-		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, "print tag contents"),
+		OPT__VERBOSE(&verbose, N_("print tag contents")),
 		OPT_END()
 	};
 
-	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
+	git_config(git_verify_tag_config, NULL);
 
 	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, prefix, verify_tag_options,
 			     verify_tag_usage, PARSE_OPT_KEEP_ARGV0);
diff --git a/builtin/write-tree.c b/builtin/write-tree.c
index b223af4..084c0df 100644
--- a/builtin/write-tree.c
+++ b/builtin/write-tree.c
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
 #include "parse-options.h"
 
 static const char * const write_tree_usage[] = {
-	"git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]",
+	N_("git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"),
 	NULL
 };
 
@@ -21,13 +21,13 @@
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	const char *me = "git-write-tree";
 	struct option write_tree_options[] = {
-		OPT_BIT(0, "missing-ok", &flags, "allow missing objects",
+		OPT_BIT(0, "missing-ok", &flags, N_("allow missing objects"),
 			WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK),
-		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &prefix, "<prefix>/",
-		  "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>" ,
+		{ OPTION_STRING, 0, "prefix", &prefix, N_("<prefix>/"),
+		  N_("write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>") ,
 		  PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP },
 		{ OPTION_BIT, 0, "ignore-cache-tree", &flags, NULL,
-		  "only useful for debugging",
+		  N_("only useful for debugging"),
 		  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL,
 		  WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE },
 		OPT_END()
diff --git a/bulk-checkin.c b/bulk-checkin.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6b0b6d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bulk-checkin.c
@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, Google Inc.
+ */
+#include "bulk-checkin.h"
+#include "csum-file.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+
+static int pack_compression_level = Z_DEFAULT_COMPRESSION;
+
+static struct bulk_checkin_state {
+	unsigned plugged:1;
+
+	char *pack_tmp_name;
+	struct sha1file *f;
+	off_t offset;
+	struct pack_idx_option pack_idx_opts;
+
+	struct pack_idx_entry **written;
+	uint32_t alloc_written;
+	uint32_t nr_written;
+} state;
+
+static void finish_bulk_checkin(struct bulk_checkin_state *state)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char packname[PATH_MAX];
+	int i;
+
+	if (!state->f)
+		return;
+
+	if (state->nr_written == 0) {
+		close(state->f->fd);
+		unlink(state->pack_tmp_name);
+		goto clear_exit;
+	} else if (state->nr_written == 1) {
+		sha1close(state->f, sha1, CSUM_FSYNC);
+	} else {
+		int fd = sha1close(state->f, sha1, 0);
+		fixup_pack_header_footer(fd, sha1, state->pack_tmp_name,
+					 state->nr_written, sha1,
+					 state->offset);
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	sprintf(packname, "%s/pack/pack-", get_object_directory());
+	finish_tmp_packfile(packname, state->pack_tmp_name,
+			    state->written, state->nr_written,
+			    &state->pack_idx_opts, sha1);
+	for (i = 0; i < state->nr_written; i++)
+		free(state->written[i]);
+
+clear_exit:
+	free(state->written);
+	memset(state, 0, sizeof(*state));
+
+	/* Make objects we just wrote available to ourselves */
+	reprepare_packed_git();
+}
+
+static int already_written(struct bulk_checkin_state *state, unsigned char sha1[])
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* The object may already exist in the repository */
+	if (has_sha1_file(sha1))
+		return 1;
+
+	/* Might want to keep the list sorted */
+	for (i = 0; i < state->nr_written; i++)
+		if (!hashcmp(state->written[i]->sha1, sha1))
+			return 1;
+
+	/* This is a new object we need to keep */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the contents from fd for size bytes, streaming it to the
+ * packfile in state while updating the hash in ctx. Signal a failure
+ * by returning a negative value when the resulting pack would exceed
+ * the pack size limit and this is not the first object in the pack,
+ * so that the caller can discard what we wrote from the current pack
+ * by truncating it and opening a new one. The caller will then call
+ * us again after rewinding the input fd.
+ *
+ * The already_hashed_to pointer is kept untouched by the caller to
+ * make sure we do not hash the same byte when we are called
+ * again. This way, the caller does not have to checkpoint its hash
+ * status before calling us just in case we ask it to call us again
+ * with a new pack.
+ */
+static int stream_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
+			  git_SHA_CTX *ctx, off_t *already_hashed_to,
+			  int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
+			  const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	git_zstream s;
+	unsigned char obuf[16384];
+	unsigned hdrlen;
+	int status = Z_OK;
+	int write_object = (flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT);
+	off_t offset = 0;
+
+	memset(&s, 0, sizeof(s));
+	git_deflate_init(&s, pack_compression_level);
+
+	hdrlen = encode_in_pack_object_header(type, size, obuf);
+	s.next_out = obuf + hdrlen;
+	s.avail_out = sizeof(obuf) - hdrlen;
+
+	while (status != Z_STREAM_END) {
+		unsigned char ibuf[16384];
+
+		if (size && !s.avail_in) {
+			ssize_t rsize = size < sizeof(ibuf) ? size : sizeof(ibuf);
+			if (xread(fd, ibuf, rsize) != rsize)
+				die("failed to read %d bytes from '%s'",
+				    (int)rsize, path);
+			offset += rsize;
+			if (*already_hashed_to < offset) {
+				size_t hsize = offset - *already_hashed_to;
+				if (rsize < hsize)
+					hsize = rsize;
+				if (hsize)
+					git_SHA1_Update(ctx, ibuf, hsize);
+				*already_hashed_to = offset;
+			}
+			s.next_in = ibuf;
+			s.avail_in = rsize;
+			size -= rsize;
+		}
+
+		status = git_deflate(&s, size ? 0 : Z_FINISH);
+
+		if (!s.avail_out || status == Z_STREAM_END) {
+			if (write_object) {
+				size_t written = s.next_out - obuf;
+
+				/* would we bust the size limit? */
+				if (state->nr_written &&
+				    pack_size_limit_cfg &&
+				    pack_size_limit_cfg < state->offset + written) {
+					git_deflate_abort(&s);
+					return -1;
+				}
+
+				sha1write(state->f, obuf, written);
+				state->offset += written;
+			}
+			s.next_out = obuf;
+			s.avail_out = sizeof(obuf);
+		}
+
+		switch (status) {
+		case Z_OK:
+		case Z_BUF_ERROR:
+		case Z_STREAM_END:
+			continue;
+		default:
+			die("unexpected deflate failure: %d", status);
+		}
+	}
+	git_deflate_end(&s);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Lazily create backing packfile for the state */
+static void prepare_to_stream(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
+			      unsigned flags)
+{
+	if (!(flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT) || state->f)
+		return;
+
+	state->f = create_tmp_packfile(&state->pack_tmp_name);
+	reset_pack_idx_option(&state->pack_idx_opts);
+
+	/* Pretend we are going to write only one object */
+	state->offset = write_pack_header(state->f, 1);
+	if (!state->offset)
+		die_errno("unable to write pack header");
+}
+
+static int deflate_to_pack(struct bulk_checkin_state *state,
+			   unsigned char result_sha1[],
+			   int fd, size_t size,
+			   enum object_type type, const char *path,
+			   unsigned flags)
+{
+	off_t seekback, already_hashed_to;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+	unsigned char obuf[16384];
+	unsigned header_len;
+	struct sha1file_checkpoint checkpoint;
+	struct pack_idx_entry *idx = NULL;
+
+	seekback = lseek(fd, 0, SEEK_CUR);
+	if (seekback == (off_t) -1)
+		return error("cannot find the current offset");
+
+	header_len = sprintf((char *)obuf, "%s %" PRIuMAX,
+			     typename(type), (uintmax_t)size) + 1;
+	git_SHA1_Init(&ctx);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, obuf, header_len);
+
+	/* Note: idx is non-NULL when we are writing */
+	if ((flags & HASH_WRITE_OBJECT) != 0)
+		idx = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*idx));
+
+	already_hashed_to = 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		prepare_to_stream(state, flags);
+		if (idx) {
+			sha1file_checkpoint(state->f, &checkpoint);
+			idx->offset = state->offset;
+			crc32_begin(state->f);
+		}
+		if (!stream_to_pack(state, &ctx, &already_hashed_to,
+				    fd, size, type, path, flags))
+			break;
+		/*
+		 * Writing this object to the current pack will make
+		 * it too big; we need to truncate it, start a new
+		 * pack, and write into it.
+		 */
+		if (!idx)
+			die("BUG: should not happen");
+		sha1file_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
+		state->offset = checkpoint.offset;
+		finish_bulk_checkin(state);
+		if (lseek(fd, seekback, SEEK_SET) == (off_t) -1)
+			return error("cannot seek back");
+	}
+	git_SHA1_Final(result_sha1, &ctx);
+	if (!idx)
+		return 0;
+
+	idx->crc32 = crc32_end(state->f);
+	if (already_written(state, result_sha1)) {
+		sha1file_truncate(state->f, &checkpoint);
+		state->offset = checkpoint.offset;
+		free(idx);
+	} else {
+		hashcpy(idx->sha1, result_sha1);
+		ALLOC_GROW(state->written,
+			   state->nr_written + 1,
+			   state->alloc_written);
+		state->written[state->nr_written++] = idx;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int index_bulk_checkin(unsigned char *sha1,
+		       int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
+		       const char *path, unsigned flags)
+{
+	int status = deflate_to_pack(&state, sha1, fd, size, type,
+				     path, flags);
+	if (!state.plugged)
+		finish_bulk_checkin(&state);
+	return status;
+}
+
+void plug_bulk_checkin(void)
+{
+	state.plugged = 1;
+}
+
+void unplug_bulk_checkin(void)
+{
+	state.plugged = 0;
+	if (state.f)
+		finish_bulk_checkin(&state);
+}
diff --git a/bulk-checkin.h b/bulk-checkin.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4f599f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/bulk-checkin.h
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (c) 2011, Google Inc.
+ */
+#ifndef BULK_CHECKIN_H
+#define BULK_CHECKIN_H
+
+#include "cache.h"
+
+extern int index_bulk_checkin(unsigned char sha1[],
+			      int fd, size_t size, enum object_type type,
+			      const char *path, unsigned flags);
+
+extern void plug_bulk_checkin(void);
+extern void unplug_bulk_checkin(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/bundle.c b/bundle.c
index f82baae..8d12816 100644
--- a/bundle.c
+++ b/bundle.c
@@ -23,50 +23,85 @@
 	list->nr++;
 }
 
-/* returns an fd */
+static int parse_bundle_header(int fd, struct bundle_header *header,
+			       const char *report_path)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status = 0;
+
+	/* The bundle header begins with the signature */
+	if (strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&buf, fd, '\n') ||
+	    strcmp(buf.buf, bundle_signature)) {
+		if (report_path)
+			error(_("'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"),
+			      report_path);
+		status = -1;
+		goto abort;
+	}
+
+	/* The bundle header ends with an empty line */
+	while (!strbuf_getwholeline_fd(&buf, fd, '\n') &&
+	       buf.len && buf.buf[0] != '\n') {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		int is_prereq = 0;
+
+		if (*buf.buf == '-') {
+			is_prereq = 1;
+			strbuf_remove(&buf, 0, 1);
+		}
+		strbuf_rtrim(&buf);
+
+		/*
+		 * Tip lines have object name, SP, and refname.
+		 * Prerequisites have object name that is optionally
+		 * followed by SP and subject line.
+		 */
+		if (get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1) ||
+		    (40 <= buf.len && !isspace(buf.buf[40])) ||
+		    (!is_prereq && buf.len <= 40)) {
+			if (report_path)
+				error(_("unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"),
+				      (is_prereq ? "-" : ""), buf.buf, (int)buf.len);
+			status = -1;
+			break;
+		} else {
+			if (is_prereq)
+				add_to_ref_list(sha1, "", &header->prerequisites);
+			else
+				add_to_ref_list(sha1, buf.buf + 41, &header->references);
+		}
+	}
+
+ abort:
+	if (status) {
+		close(fd);
+		fd = -1;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return fd;
+}
+
 int read_bundle_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header)
 {
-	char buffer[1024];
-	int fd;
-	long fpos;
-	FILE *ffd = fopen(path, "rb");
+	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 
-	if (!ffd)
-		return error("could not open '%s'", path);
-	if (!fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ffd) ||
-			strcmp(buffer, bundle_signature)) {
-		fclose(ffd);
-		return error("'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file", path);
-	}
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), ffd)
-			&& buffer[0] != '\n') {
-		int is_prereq = buffer[0] == '-';
-		int offset = is_prereq ? 1 : 0;
-		int len = strlen(buffer);
-		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		struct ref_list *list = is_prereq ? &header->prerequisites
-			: &header->references;
-		char delim;
-
-		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-			buffer[len - 1] = '\0';
-		if (get_sha1_hex(buffer + offset, sha1)) {
-			warning("unrecognized header: %s", buffer);
-			continue;
-		}
-		delim = buffer[40 + offset];
-		if (!isspace(delim) && (delim != '\0' || !is_prereq))
-			die ("invalid header: %s", buffer);
-		add_to_ref_list(sha1, isspace(delim) ?
-				buffer + 41 + offset : "", list);
-	}
-	fpos = ftell(ffd);
-	fclose(ffd);
-	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		return error("could not open '%s'", path);
-	lseek(fd, fpos, SEEK_SET);
-	return fd;
+		return error(_("could not open '%s'"), path);
+	return parse_bundle_header(fd, header, path);
+}
+
+int is_bundle(const char *path, int quiet)
+{
+	struct bundle_header header;
+	int fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return 0;
+	memset(&header, 0, sizeof(header));
+	fd = parse_bundle_header(fd, &header, quiet ? NULL : path);
+	if (fd >= 0)
+		close(fd);
+	return (fd >= 0);
 }
 
 static int list_refs(struct ref_list *r, int argc, const char **argv)
@@ -102,7 +137,7 @@
 	struct object_array refs;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int i, ret = 0, req_nr;
-	const char *message = "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:";
+	const char *message = _("Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:");
 
 	init_revisions(&revs, NULL);
 	for (i = 0; i < p->nr; i++) {
@@ -126,7 +161,7 @@
 	revs.leak_pending = 1;
 
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&revs))
-		die("revision walk setup failed");
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
 
 	i = req_nr;
 	while (i && (commit = get_revision(&revs)))
@@ -148,13 +183,21 @@
 		struct ref_list *r;
 
 		r = &header->references;
-		printf("The bundle contains %d ref%s\n",
-		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
+		printf_ln(Q_("The bundle contains %d ref",
+			     "The bundle contains %d refs",
+			     r->nr),
+			  r->nr);
 		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
-		r = &header->prerequisites;
-		printf("The bundle requires these %d ref%s\n",
-		       r->nr, (1 < r->nr) ? "s" : "");
-		list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
+		if (!r->nr) {
+			printf_ln(_("The bundle records a complete history."));
+		} else {
+			r = &header->prerequisites;
+			printf_ln(Q_("The bundle requires this ref",
+				     "The bundle requires these %d refs",
+				     r->nr),
+				  r->nr);
+			list_refs(r, 0, NULL);
+		}
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -199,7 +242,7 @@
 	const char **argv_boundary = xmalloc((argc + 4) * sizeof(const char *));
 	const char **argv_pack = xmalloc(6 * sizeof(const char *));
 	int i, ref_count = 0;
-	char buffer[1024];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct rev_info revs;
 	struct child_process rls;
 	FILE *rls_fout;
@@ -231,29 +274,30 @@
 	if (start_command(&rls))
 		return -1;
 	rls_fout = xfdopen(rls.out, "r");
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), rls_fout)) {
+	while (strbuf_getwholeline(&buf, rls_fout, '\n') != EOF) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		if (buffer[0] == '-') {
-			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buffer, strlen(buffer));
-			if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer + 1, sha1)) {
+		if (buf.len > 0 && buf.buf[0] == '-') {
+			write_or_die(bundle_fd, buf.buf, buf.len);
+			if (!get_sha1_hex(buf.buf + 1, sha1)) {
 				struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 				object->flags |= UNINTERESTING;
-				add_pending_object(&revs, object, buffer);
+				add_pending_object(&revs, object, xstrdup(buf.buf));
 			}
-		} else if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1)) {
+		} else if (!get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1)) {
 			struct object *object = parse_object(sha1);
 			object->flags |= SHOWN;
 		}
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	fclose(rls_fout);
 	if (finish_command(&rls))
-		return error("rev-list died");
+		return error(_("rev-list died"));
 
 	/* write references */
 	argc = setup_revisions(argc, argv, &revs, NULL);
 
 	if (argc > 1)
-		return error("unrecognized argument: %s'", argv[1]);
+		return error(_("unrecognized argument: %s"), argv[1]);
 
 	object_array_remove_duplicates(&revs.pending);
 
@@ -268,7 +312,7 @@
 			continue;
 		if (dwim_ref(e->name, strlen(e->name), sha1, &ref) != 1)
 			continue;
-		if (!resolve_ref(e->name, sha1, 1, &flag))
+		if (read_ref_full(e->name, sha1, 1, &flag))
 			flag = 0;
 		display_ref = (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) ? e->name : ref;
 
@@ -288,7 +332,7 @@
 		 * constraints.
 		 */
 		if (!(e->item->flags & SHOWN) && e->item->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
-			warning("ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options",
+			warning(_("ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"),
 				e->name);
 			free(ref);
 			continue;
@@ -333,7 +377,7 @@
 		free(ref);
 	}
 	if (!ref_count)
-		die ("Refusing to create empty bundle.");
+		die(_("Refusing to create empty bundle."));
 
 	/* end header */
 	write_or_die(bundle_fd, "\n", 1);
@@ -351,7 +395,7 @@
 	rls.out = bundle_fd;
 	rls.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (start_command(&rls))
-		return error("Could not spawn pack-objects");
+		return error(_("Could not spawn pack-objects"));
 
 	/*
 	 * start_command closed bundle_fd if it was > 1
@@ -369,10 +413,10 @@
 	}
 	close(rls.in);
 	if (finish_command(&rls))
-		return error ("pack-objects died");
+		return error(_("pack-objects died"));
 	if (!bundle_to_stdout) {
 		if (commit_lock_file(&lock))
-			die_errno("cannot create '%s'", path);
+			die_errno(_("cannot create '%s'"), path);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -394,6 +438,6 @@
 	ip.no_stdout = 1;
 	ip.git_cmd = 1;
 	if (run_command(&ip))
-		return error("index-pack died");
+		return error(_("index-pack died"));
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/bundle.h b/bundle.h
index c5a22c8..1584e4d 100644
--- a/bundle.h
+++ b/bundle.h
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 	struct ref_list references;
 };
 
+int is_bundle(const char *path, int quiet);
 int read_bundle_header(const char *path, struct bundle_header *header);
 int create_bundle(struct bundle_header *header, const char *path,
 		int argc, const char **argv);
diff --git a/cache-tree.c b/cache-tree.c
index f755590..37e4d00 100644
--- a/cache-tree.c
+++ b/cache-tree.c
@@ -150,25 +150,24 @@
 }
 
 static int verify_cache(struct cache_entry **cache,
-			int entries)
+			int entries, int flags)
 {
 	int i, funny;
+	int silent = flags & WRITE_TREE_SILENT;
 
 	/* Verify that the tree is merged */
 	funny = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
-		if (ce_stage(ce) || (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)) {
+		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+			if (silent)
+				return -1;
 			if (10 < ++funny) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "...\n");
 				break;
 			}
-			if (ce_stage(ce))
-				fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
-					ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
-			else
-				fprintf(stderr, "%s: not added yet\n",
-					ce->name);
+			fprintf(stderr, "%s: unmerged (%s)\n",
+				ce->name, sha1_to_hex(ce->sha1));
 		}
 	}
 	if (funny)
@@ -239,12 +238,17 @@
 		      int entries,
 		      const char *base,
 		      int baselen,
-		      int missing_ok,
-		      int dryrun)
+		      int *skip_count,
+		      int flags)
 {
 	struct strbuf buffer;
+	int missing_ok = flags & WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK;
+	int dryrun = flags & WRITE_TREE_DRY_RUN;
+	int to_invalidate = 0;
 	int i;
 
+	*skip_count = 0;
+
 	if (0 <= it->entry_count && has_sha1_file(it->sha1))
 		return it->entry_count;
 
@@ -259,11 +263,12 @@
 	/*
 	 * Find the subtrees and update them.
 	 */
-	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < entries) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
 		struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
 		const char *path, *slash;
-		int pathlen, sublen, subcnt;
+		int pathlen, sublen, subcnt, subskip;
 
 		path = ce->name;
 		pathlen = ce_namelen(ce);
@@ -271,8 +276,10 @@
 			break; /* at the end of this level */
 
 		slash = strchr(path + baselen, '/');
-		if (!slash)
+		if (!slash) {
+			i++;
 			continue;
+		}
 		/*
 		 * a/bbb/c (base = a/, slash = /c)
 		 * ==>
@@ -286,11 +293,13 @@
 				    cache + i, entries - i,
 				    path,
 				    baselen + sublen + 1,
-				    missing_ok,
-				    dryrun);
+				    &subskip,
+				    flags);
 		if (subcnt < 0)
 			return subcnt;
-		i += subcnt - 1;
+		i += subcnt;
+		sub->count = subcnt; /* to be used in the next loop */
+		*skip_count += subskip;
 		sub->used = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -301,7 +310,8 @@
 	 */
 	strbuf_init(&buffer, 8192);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
+	i = 0;
+	while (i < entries) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
 		struct cache_tree_sub *sub;
 		const char *path, *slash;
@@ -321,14 +331,17 @@
 			if (!sub)
 				die("cache-tree.c: '%.*s' in '%s' not found",
 				    entlen, path + baselen, path);
-			i += sub->cache_tree->entry_count - 1;
+			i += sub->count;
 			sha1 = sub->cache_tree->sha1;
 			mode = S_IFDIR;
+			if (sub->cache_tree->entry_count < 0)
+				to_invalidate = 1;
 		}
 		else {
 			sha1 = ce->sha1;
 			mode = ce->ce_mode;
 			entlen = pathlen - baselen;
+			i++;
 		}
 		if (mode != S_IFGITLINK && !missing_ok && !has_sha1_file(sha1)) {
 			strbuf_release(&buffer);
@@ -336,8 +349,25 @@
 				mode, sha1_to_hex(sha1), entlen+baselen, path);
 		}
 
-		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
-			continue; /* entry being removed */
+		/*
+		 * CE_REMOVE entries are removed before the index is
+		 * written to disk. Skip them to remain consistent
+		 * with the future on-disk index.
+		 */
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE) {
+			*skip_count = *skip_count + 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		/*
+		 * CE_INTENT_TO_ADD entries exist on on-disk index but
+		 * they are not part of generated trees. Invalidate up
+		 * to root to force cache-tree users to read elsewhere.
+		 */
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD) {
+			to_invalidate = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
 
 		strbuf_grow(&buffer, entlen + 100);
 		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%o %.*s%c", mode, entlen, path + baselen, '\0');
@@ -357,7 +387,7 @@
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
-	it->entry_count = i;
+	it->entry_count = to_invalidate ? -1 : i - *skip_count;
 #if DEBUG
 	fprintf(stderr, "cache-tree update-one (%d ent, %d subtree) %s\n",
 		it->entry_count, it->subtree_nr,
@@ -369,14 +399,13 @@
 int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *it,
 		      struct cache_entry **cache,
 		      int entries,
-		      int missing_ok,
-		      int dryrun)
+		      int flags)
 {
-	int i;
-	i = verify_cache(cache, entries);
+	int i, skip;
+	i = verify_cache(cache, entries, flags);
 	if (i)
 		return i;
-	i = update_one(it, cache, entries, "", 0, missing_ok, dryrun);
+	i = update_one(it, cache, entries, "", 0, &skip, flags);
 	if (i < 0)
 		return i;
 	return 0;
@@ -569,11 +598,9 @@
 
 	was_valid = cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree);
 	if (!was_valid) {
-		int missing_ok = flags & WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK;
-
 		if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
 				      active_cache, active_nr,
-				      missing_ok, 0) < 0)
+				      flags) < 0)
 			return WRITE_TREE_UNMERGED_INDEX;
 		if (0 <= newfd) {
 			if (!write_cache(newfd, active_cache, active_nr) &&
@@ -668,3 +695,11 @@
 		return it->entry_count;
 	return 0;
 }
+
+int update_main_cache_tree(int flags)
+{
+	if (!the_index.cache_tree)
+		the_index.cache_tree = cache_tree();
+	return cache_tree_update(the_index.cache_tree,
+				 the_index.cache, the_index.cache_nr, flags);
+}
diff --git a/cache-tree.h b/cache-tree.h
index 3df641f..55d0f59 100644
--- a/cache-tree.h
+++ b/cache-tree.h
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 struct cache_tree;
 struct cache_tree_sub {
 	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
+	int count;		/* internally used by update_one() */
 	int namelen;
 	int used;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
@@ -29,11 +30,15 @@
 struct cache_tree *cache_tree_read(const char *buffer, unsigned long size);
 
 int cache_tree_fully_valid(struct cache_tree *);
-int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *, struct cache_entry **, int, int, int);
+int cache_tree_update(struct cache_tree *, struct cache_entry **, int, int);
+
+int update_main_cache_tree(int);
 
 /* bitmasks to write_cache_as_tree flags */
 #define WRITE_TREE_MISSING_OK 1
 #define WRITE_TREE_IGNORE_CACHE_TREE 2
+#define WRITE_TREE_DRY_RUN 4
+#define WRITE_TREE_SILENT 8
 
 /* error return codes */
 #define WRITE_TREE_UNREADABLE_INDEX (-1)
diff --git a/cache.h b/cache.h
index be07ec7..e493563 100644
--- a/cache.h
+++ b/cache.h
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@
 void git_deflate_init(git_zstream *, int level);
 void git_deflate_init_gzip(git_zstream *, int level);
 void git_deflate_end(git_zstream *);
+int git_deflate_abort(git_zstream *);
 int git_deflate_end_gently(git_zstream *);
 int git_deflate(git_zstream *, int flush);
 unsigned long git_deflate_bound(git_zstream *, unsigned long);
@@ -104,6 +105,9 @@
 	unsigned int hdr_entries;
 };
 
+#define INDEX_FORMAT_LB 2
+#define INDEX_FORMAT_UB 4
+
 /*
  * The "cache_time" is just the low 32 bits of the
  * time. It doesn't matter if it overflows - we only
@@ -114,48 +118,6 @@
 	unsigned int nsec;
 };
 
-/*
- * dev/ino/uid/gid/size are also just tracked to the low 32 bits
- * Again - this is just a (very strong in practice) heuristic that
- * the inode hasn't changed.
- *
- * We save the fields in big-endian order to allow using the
- * index file over NFS transparently.
- */
-struct ondisk_cache_entry {
-	struct cache_time ctime;
-	struct cache_time mtime;
-	unsigned int dev;
-	unsigned int ino;
-	unsigned int mode;
-	unsigned int uid;
-	unsigned int gid;
-	unsigned int size;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned short flags;
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-};
-
-/*
- * This struct is used when CE_EXTENDED bit is 1
- * The struct must match ondisk_cache_entry exactly from
- * ctime till flags
- */
-struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
-	struct cache_time ctime;
-	struct cache_time mtime;
-	unsigned int dev;
-	unsigned int ino;
-	unsigned int mode;
-	unsigned int uid;
-	unsigned int gid;
-	unsigned int size;
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned short flags;
-	unsigned short flags2;
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
-};
-
 struct cache_entry {
 	struct cache_time ce_ctime;
 	struct cache_time ce_mtime;
@@ -166,13 +128,13 @@
 	unsigned int ce_gid;
 	unsigned int ce_size;
 	unsigned int ce_flags;
+	unsigned int ce_namelen;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct cache_entry *next;
 	struct cache_entry *dir_next;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
-#define CE_NAMEMASK  (0x0fff)
 #define CE_STAGEMASK (0x3000)
 #define CE_EXTENDED  (0x4000)
 #define CE_VALID     (0x8000)
@@ -236,25 +198,13 @@
 	dst->ce_flags = (dst->ce_flags & ~CE_STATE_MASK) | state;
 }
 
-static inline unsigned create_ce_flags(size_t len, unsigned stage)
+static inline unsigned create_ce_flags(unsigned stage)
 {
-	if (len >= CE_NAMEMASK)
-		len = CE_NAMEMASK;
-	return (len | (stage << CE_STAGESHIFT));
+	return (stage << CE_STAGESHIFT);
 }
 
-static inline size_t ce_namelen(const struct cache_entry *ce)
-{
-	size_t len = ce->ce_flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
-	if (len < CE_NAMEMASK)
-		return len;
-	return strlen(ce->name + CE_NAMEMASK) + CE_NAMEMASK;
-}
-
+#define ce_namelen(ce) ((ce)->ce_namelen)
 #define ce_size(ce) cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce))
-#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) (((ce)->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) ? \
-			    ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(ce_namelen(ce)) : \
-			    ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce)))
 #define ce_stage(ce) ((CE_STAGEMASK & (ce)->ce_flags) >> CE_STAGESHIFT)
 #define ce_uptodate(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_UPTODATE)
 #define ce_skip_worktree(ce) ((ce)->ce_flags & CE_SKIP_WORKTREE)
@@ -305,18 +255,15 @@
 	return S_IFGITLINK;
 }
 
-#define flexible_size(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
-#define cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(cache_entry,len)
-#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
-#define ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(len) flexible_size(ondisk_cache_entry_extended,len)
+#define cache_entry_size(len) (offsetof(struct cache_entry,name) + (len) + 1)
 
 struct index_state {
 	struct cache_entry **cache;
+	unsigned int version;
 	unsigned int cache_nr, cache_alloc, cache_changed;
 	struct string_list *resolve_undo;
 	struct cache_tree *cache_tree;
 	struct cache_time timestamp;
-	void *alloc;
 	unsigned name_hash_initialized : 1,
 		 initialized : 1;
 	struct hash_table name_hash;
@@ -415,6 +362,7 @@
 #define GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_DISPLAY_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_REF"
 #define GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_NOTES_REWRITE_MODE"
+#define GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT "GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS"
 
 /*
  * Repository-local GIT_* environment variables
@@ -432,6 +380,7 @@
 extern int is_inside_work_tree(void);
 extern int have_git_dir(void);
 extern const char *get_git_dir(void);
+extern int is_git_directory(const char *path);
 extern char *get_object_directory(void);
 extern char *get_index_file(void);
 extern char *get_graft_file(void);
@@ -452,8 +401,11 @@
 extern char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern const char *prefix_filename(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path);
 extern int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
-extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
+extern void verify_filename(const char *prefix,
+			    const char *name,
+			    int diagnose_misspelt_rev);
 extern void verify_non_filename(const char *prefix, const char *name);
+extern int path_inside_repo(const char *prefix, const char *path);
 
 #define INIT_DB_QUIET 0x0001
 
@@ -522,6 +474,8 @@
 extern int ie_match_stat(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 extern int ie_modified(const struct index_state *, struct cache_entry *, struct stat *, unsigned int);
 
+#define PATHSPEC_ONESTAR 1	/* the pathspec pattern sastisfies GFNM_ONESTAR */
+
 struct pathspec {
 	const char **raw; /* get_pathspec() result, not freed by free_pathspec() */
 	int nr;
@@ -531,7 +485,8 @@
 	struct pathspec_item {
 		const char *match;
 		int len;
-		unsigned int use_wildcard:1;
+		int nowildcard_len;
+		int flags;
 	} *items;
 };
 
@@ -539,6 +494,8 @@
 extern void free_pathspec(struct pathspec *);
 extern int ce_path_match(const struct cache_entry *ce, const struct pathspec *pathspec);
 
+extern int limit_pathspec_to_literal(void);
+
 #define HASH_WRITE_OBJECT 1
 #define HASH_FORMAT_CHECK 2
 extern int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st, enum object_type type, const char *path, unsigned flags);
@@ -579,6 +536,7 @@
 /* Environment bits from configuration mechanism */
 extern int trust_executable_bit;
 extern int trust_ctime;
+extern int check_stat;
 extern int quote_path_fully;
 extern int has_symlinks;
 extern int minimum_abbrev, default_abbrev;
@@ -598,10 +556,18 @@
 extern size_t packed_git_limit;
 extern size_t delta_base_cache_limit;
 extern unsigned long big_file_threshold;
+extern unsigned long pack_size_limit_cfg;
 extern int read_replace_refs;
 extern int fsync_object_files;
 extern int core_preload_index;
 extern int core_apply_sparse_checkout;
+extern int precomposed_unicode;
+
+/*
+ * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
+ * that is subject to stripspace.
+ */
+extern char comment_line_char;
 
 enum branch_track {
 	BRANCH_TRACK_UNSPECIFIED = -1,
@@ -622,8 +588,10 @@
 enum push_default_type {
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING = 0,
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE,
 	PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM,
-	PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT,
+	PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED
 };
 
 extern enum branch_track git_branch_track;
@@ -659,6 +627,8 @@
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)));
 extern char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
 	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
+extern char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+	__attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
 /* Return a statically allocated filename matching the sha1 signature */
 extern char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
@@ -706,6 +676,19 @@
 #define EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN \
 	 ((const unsigned char *) EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL)
 
+#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_HEX \
+	"e69de29bb2d1d6434b8b29ae775ad8c2e48c5391"
+#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL \
+	"\xe6\x9d\xe2\x9b\xb2\xd1\xd6\x43\x4b\x8b" \
+	"\x29\xae\x77\x5a\xd8\xc2\xe4\x8c\x53\x91"
+#define EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN \
+	((const unsigned char *) EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN_LITERAL)
+
+static inline int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	return !hashcmp(sha1, EMPTY_BLOB_SHA1_BIN);
+}
+
 int git_mkstemp(char *path, size_t n, const char *template);
 
 int git_mkstemps(char *path, size_t n, const char *template, int suffix_len);
@@ -735,18 +718,20 @@
 int safe_create_leading_directories(char *path);
 int safe_create_leading_directories_const(const char *path);
 int mkdir_in_gitdir(const char *path);
+extern void home_config_paths(char **global, char **xdg, char *file);
 extern char *expand_user_path(const char *path);
-char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict);
+const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict);
 static inline int is_absolute_path(const char *path)
 {
 	return is_dir_sep(path[0]) || has_dos_drive_prefix(path);
 }
 int is_directory(const char *);
 const char *real_path(const char *path);
+const char *real_path_if_valid(const char *path);
 const char *absolute_path(const char *path);
 const char *relative_path(const char *abs, const char *base);
 int normalize_path_copy(char *dst, const char *src);
-int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list);
+int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, struct string_list *prefixes);
 char *strip_path_suffix(const char *path, const char *suffix);
 int daemon_avoid_alias(const char *path);
 int offset_1st_component(const char *path);
@@ -810,17 +795,25 @@
 	unsigned mode;
 };
 
+#define GET_SHA1_QUIETLY        01
+#define GET_SHA1_COMMIT         02
+#define GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH     04
+#define GET_SHA1_TREE          010
+#define GET_SHA1_TREEISH       020
+#define GET_SHA1_BLOB	       040
+#define GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE 04000
+
 extern int get_sha1(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
-extern int get_sha1_with_mode_1(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode, int only_to_die, const char *prefix);
-static inline int get_sha1_with_mode(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode)
-{
-	return get_sha1_with_mode_1(str, sha1, mode, 0, NULL);
-}
-extern int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc, int only_to_die, const char *prefix);
-static inline int get_sha1_with_context(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc)
-{
-	return get_sha1_with_context_1(str, sha1, orc, 0, NULL);
-}
+extern int get_sha1_commit(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_sha1_committish(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_sha1_tree(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_sha1_treeish(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int get_sha1_blob(const char *str, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix);
+extern int get_sha1_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc);
+
+typedef int each_abbrev_fn(const unsigned char *sha1, void *);
+extern int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn, void *);
 
 /*
  * Try to read a SHA1 in hexadecimal format from the 40 characters
@@ -832,7 +825,9 @@
 extern int get_sha1_hex(const char *hex, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 extern char *sha1_to_hex(const unsigned char *sha1);	/* static buffer result! */
-extern int read_ref(const char *filename, unsigned char *sha1);
+extern int read_ref_full(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1,
+			 int reading, int *flags);
+extern int read_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 /*
  * Resolve a reference, recursively following symbolic refererences.
@@ -864,7 +859,8 @@
  *
  * errno is sometimes set on errors, but not always.
  */
-extern const char *resolve_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag);
+extern const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag);
+extern char *resolve_refdup(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag);
 
 extern int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
 extern int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref);
@@ -873,7 +869,7 @@
 
 extern int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name, const char **rules);
 extern const char *ref_rev_parse_rules[];
-extern const char *ref_fetch_rules[];
+#define ref_fetch_rules ref_rev_parse_rules
 
 extern int create_symref(const char *ref, const char *refs_heads_master, const char *logmsg);
 extern int validate_headref(const char *ref);
@@ -881,6 +877,7 @@
 extern int base_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *name2, int len2, int mode2);
 extern int df_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int mode1, const char *name2, int len2, int mode2);
 extern int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, const char *name2, int len2);
+extern int cache_name_stage_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int stage1, const char *name2, int len2, int stage2);
 
 extern void *read_object_with_reference(const unsigned char *sha1,
 					const char *required_type,
@@ -901,10 +898,8 @@
 };
 
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int timezone, enum date_mode mode);
-const char *show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
-			       const struct timeval *now,
-			       char *timebuf,
-			       size_t timebuf_size);
+void show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz, const struct timeval *now,
+			struct strbuf *timebuf);
 int parse_date(const char *date, char *buf, int bufsize);
 int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset);
 void datestamp(char *buf, int bufsize);
@@ -913,15 +908,33 @@
 unsigned long approxidate_relative(const char *date, const struct timeval *now);
 enum date_mode parse_date_format(const char *format);
 
-#define IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME  1
-#define IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME 2
-#define IDENT_NO_DATE	       4
+#define IDENT_STRICT	       1
+#define IDENT_NO_DATE	       2
+#define IDENT_NO_NAME	       4
 extern const char *git_author_info(int);
 extern const char *git_committer_info(int);
 extern const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email, const char *date_str, int);
 extern const char *fmt_name(const char *name, const char *email);
+extern const char *ident_default_email(void);
 extern const char *git_editor(void);
 extern const char *git_pager(int stdout_is_tty);
+extern int git_ident_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
+
+struct ident_split {
+	const char *name_begin;
+	const char *name_end;
+	const char *mail_begin;
+	const char *mail_end;
+	const char *date_begin;
+	const char *date_end;
+	const char *tz_begin;
+	const char *tz_end;
+};
+/*
+ * Signals an success with 0, but time part of the result may be NULL
+ * if the input lacks timestamp and zone
+ */
+extern int split_ident_line(struct ident_split *, const char *, int);
 
 struct checkout {
 	const char *base_dir;
@@ -955,6 +968,7 @@
 	char base[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 } *alt_odb_list;
 extern void prepare_alt_odb(void);
+extern void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth);
 extern void add_to_alternates_file(const char *reference);
 typedef int alt_odb_fn(struct alternate_object_database *, void *);
 extern void foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn, void*);
@@ -999,15 +1013,19 @@
 	unsigned char old_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char new_sha1[20];
 	char *symref;
-	unsigned int force:1,
+	unsigned int
+		force:1,
+		forced_update:1,
 		merge:1,
-		nonfastforward:1,
 		deletion:1;
 	enum {
 		REF_STATUS_NONE = 0,
 		REF_STATUS_OK,
 		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS,
 		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST,
+		REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE,
 		REF_STATUS_UPTODATE,
 		REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT,
 		REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT
@@ -1024,17 +1042,18 @@
 extern struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name);
 
 #define CONNECT_VERBOSE       (1u << 0)
-extern char *git_getpass(const char *prompt);
 extern struct child_process *git_connect(int fd[2], const char *url, const char *prog, int flags);
 extern int finish_connect(struct child_process *conn);
 extern int git_connection_is_socket(struct child_process *conn);
-extern int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match);
 struct extra_have_objects {
 	int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned char (*array)[20];
 };
-extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list, int nr_match, char **match, unsigned int flags, struct extra_have_objects *);
+extern struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list, unsigned int flags, struct extra_have_objects *);
 extern int server_supports(const char *feature);
+extern int parse_feature_request(const char *features, const char *feature);
+extern const char *server_feature_value(const char *feature, int *len_ret);
+extern const char *parse_feature_value(const char *feature_list, const char *feature, int *len_ret);
 
 extern struct packed_git *parse_pack_index(unsigned char *sha1, const char *idx_path);
 
@@ -1057,6 +1076,7 @@
 extern const unsigned char *nth_packed_object_sha1(struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
 extern off_t nth_packed_object_offset(const struct packed_git *, uint32_t);
 extern off_t find_pack_entry_one(const unsigned char *, struct packed_git *);
+extern int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *);
 extern void *unpack_entry(struct packed_git *, off_t, enum object_type *, unsigned long *);
 extern unsigned long unpack_object_header_buffer(const unsigned char *buf, unsigned long len, enum object_type *type, unsigned long *sizep);
 extern unsigned long get_size_from_delta(struct packed_git *, struct pack_window **, off_t);
@@ -1103,6 +1123,7 @@
 #define CONFIG_NO_WRITE 4
 #define CONFIG_NOTHING_SET 5
 #define CONFIG_INVALID_PATTERN 6
+#define CONFIG_GENERIC_ERROR 7
 
 typedef int (*config_fn_t)(const char *, const char *, void *);
 extern int git_default_config(const char *, const char *, void *);
@@ -1110,6 +1131,8 @@
 extern void git_config_push_parameter(const char *text);
 extern int git_config_from_parameters(config_fn_t fn, void *data);
 extern int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *);
+extern int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *,
+				   const char *filename, int respect_includes);
 extern int git_config_early(config_fn_t fn, void *, const char *repo_config);
 extern int git_parse_ulong(const char *, unsigned long *);
 extern int git_config_int(const char *, const char *);
@@ -1125,30 +1148,50 @@
 extern int git_config_set_multivar(const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_set_multivar_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *, const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_rename_section(const char *, const char *);
+extern int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *, const char *, const char *);
 extern const char *git_etc_gitconfig(void);
 extern int check_repository_format_version(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 extern int git_env_bool(const char *, int);
 extern int git_config_system(void);
 extern int config_error_nonbool(const char *);
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(__clang__)
+#define config_error_nonbool(s) (config_error_nonbool(s), -1)
+#endif
 extern const char *get_log_output_encoding(void);
 extern const char *get_commit_output_encoding(void);
 
 extern int git_config_parse_parameter(const char *, config_fn_t fn, void *data);
 
-extern const char *config_exclusive_filename;
+struct config_include_data {
+	int depth;
+	config_fn_t fn;
+	void *data;
+};
+#define CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT { 0 }
+extern int git_config_include(const char *name, const char *value, void *data);
 
-#define MAX_GITNAME (1000)
-extern char git_default_email[MAX_GITNAME];
-extern char git_default_name[MAX_GITNAME];
-#define IDENT_NAME_GIVEN 01
-#define IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN 02
-#define IDENT_ALL_GIVEN (IDENT_NAME_GIVEN|IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN)
-extern int user_ident_explicitly_given;
-extern int user_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
+/*
+ * Match and parse a config key of the form:
+ *
+ *   section.(subsection.)?key
+ *
+ * (i.e., what gets handed to a config_fn_t). The caller provides the section;
+ * we return -1 if it does not match, 0 otherwise. The subsection and key
+ * out-parameters are filled by the function (and subsection is NULL if it is
+ * missing).
+ */
+extern int parse_config_key(const char *var,
+			    const char *section,
+			    const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
+			    const char **key);
+
+extern int committer_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
+extern int author_ident_sufficiently_given(void);
 
 extern const char *git_commit_encoding;
 extern const char *git_log_output_encoding;
 extern const char *git_mailmap_file;
+extern const char *git_mailmap_blob;
 
 /* IO helper functions */
 extern void maybe_flush_or_die(FILE *, const char *);
@@ -1172,6 +1215,9 @@
 extern const char *pager_program;
 extern int pager_in_use(void);
 extern int pager_use_color;
+extern int term_columns(void);
+extern int decimal_width(int);
+extern int check_pager_config(const char *cmd);
 
 extern const char *editor_program;
 extern const char *askpass_program;
@@ -1192,7 +1238,6 @@
 /* trace.c */
 __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)))
 extern void trace_printf(const char *format, ...);
-extern void trace_vprintf(const char *key, const char *format, va_list ap);
 __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
 extern void trace_argv_printf(const char **argv, const char *format, ...);
 extern void trace_repo_setup(const char *prefix);
@@ -1255,7 +1300,16 @@
 };
 extern struct startup_info *startup_info;
 
-/* builtin/merge.c */
-int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *from, const unsigned char *to);
+/* merge.c */
+struct commit_list;
+int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
+		const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
+		const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes);
+int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *from,
+			  const unsigned char *to,
+			  int overwrite_ignore);
+
+
+int sane_execvp(const char *file, char *const argv[]);
 
 #endif /* CACHE_H */
diff --git a/column.c b/column.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9367ba5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/column.c
@@ -0,0 +1,434 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+
+#define XY2LINEAR(d, x, y) (COL_LAYOUT((d)->colopts) == COL_COLUMN ? \
+			    (x) * (d)->rows + (y) : \
+			    (y) * (d)->cols + (x))
+
+struct column_data {
+	const struct string_list *list;
+	unsigned int colopts;
+	struct column_options opts;
+
+	int rows, cols;
+	int *len;		/* cell length */
+	int *width;	      /* index to the longest row in column */
+};
+
+/* return length of 's' in letters, ANSI escapes stripped */
+static int item_length(unsigned int colopts, const char *s)
+{
+	int len, i = 0;
+	struct strbuf str = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&str, s);
+	while ((s = strstr(str.buf + i, "\033[")) != NULL) {
+		int len = strspn(s + 2, "0123456789;");
+		i = s - str.buf;
+		strbuf_remove(&str, i, len + 3); /* \033[<len><func char> */
+	}
+	len = utf8_strwidth(str.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&str);
+	return len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Calculate cell width, rows and cols for a table of equal cells, given
+ * table width and how many spaces between cells.
+ */
+static void layout(struct column_data *data, int *width)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	*width = 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < data->list->nr; i++)
+		if (*width < data->len[i])
+			*width = data->len[i];
+
+	*width += data->opts.padding;
+
+	data->cols = (data->opts.width - strlen(data->opts.indent)) / *width;
+	if (data->cols == 0)
+		data->cols = 1;
+
+	data->rows = DIV_ROUND_UP(data->list->nr, data->cols);
+}
+
+static void compute_column_width(struct column_data *data)
+{
+	int i, x, y;
+	for (x = 0; x < data->cols; x++) {
+		data->width[x] = XY2LINEAR(data, x, 0);
+		for (y = 0; y < data->rows; y++) {
+			i = XY2LINEAR(data, x, y);
+			if (i < data->list->nr &&
+			    data->len[data->width[x]] < data->len[i])
+				data->width[x] = i;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Shrink all columns by shortening them one row each time (and adding
+ * more columns along the way). Hopefully the longest cell will be
+ * moved to the next column, column is shrunk so we have more space
+ * for new columns. The process ends when the whole thing no longer
+ * fits in data->total_width.
+ */
+static void shrink_columns(struct column_data *data)
+{
+	data->width = xrealloc(data->width,
+			       sizeof(*data->width) * data->cols);
+	while (data->rows > 1) {
+		int x, total_width, cols, rows;
+		rows = data->rows;
+		cols = data->cols;
+
+		data->rows--;
+		data->cols = DIV_ROUND_UP(data->list->nr, data->rows);
+		if (data->cols != cols)
+			data->width = xrealloc(data->width,
+					       sizeof(*data->width) * data->cols);
+		compute_column_width(data);
+
+		total_width = strlen(data->opts.indent);
+		for (x = 0; x < data->cols; x++) {
+			total_width += data->len[data->width[x]];
+			total_width += data->opts.padding;
+		}
+		if (total_width > data->opts.width) {
+			data->rows = rows;
+			data->cols = cols;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	compute_column_width(data);
+}
+
+/* Display without layout when not enabled */
+static void display_plain(const struct string_list *list,
+			  const char *indent, const char *nl)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		printf("%s%s%s", indent, list->items[i].string, nl);
+}
+
+/* Print a cell to stdout with all necessary leading/traling space */
+static int display_cell(struct column_data *data, int initial_width,
+			const char *empty_cell, int x, int y)
+{
+	int i, len, newline;
+
+	i = XY2LINEAR(data, x, y);
+	if (i >= data->list->nr)
+		return -1;
+
+	len = data->len[i];
+	if (data->width && data->len[data->width[x]] < initial_width) {
+		/*
+		 * empty_cell has initial_width chars, if real column
+		 * is narrower, increase len a bit so we fill less
+		 * space.
+		 */
+		len += initial_width - data->len[data->width[x]];
+		len -= data->opts.padding;
+	}
+
+	if (COL_LAYOUT(data->colopts) == COL_COLUMN)
+		newline = i + data->rows >= data->list->nr;
+	else
+		newline = x == data->cols - 1 || i == data->list->nr - 1;
+
+	printf("%s%s%s",
+	       x == 0 ? data->opts.indent : "",
+	       data->list->items[i].string,
+	       newline ? data->opts.nl : empty_cell + len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* Display COL_COLUMN or COL_ROW */
+static void display_table(const struct string_list *list,
+			  unsigned int colopts,
+			  const struct column_options *opts)
+{
+	struct column_data data;
+	int x, y, i, initial_width;
+	char *empty_cell;
+
+	memset(&data, 0, sizeof(data));
+	data.list = list;
+	data.colopts = colopts;
+	data.opts = *opts;
+
+	data.len = xmalloc(sizeof(*data.len) * list->nr);
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		data.len[i] = item_length(colopts, list->items[i].string);
+
+	layout(&data, &initial_width);
+
+	if (colopts & COL_DENSE)
+		shrink_columns(&data);
+
+	empty_cell = xmalloc(initial_width + 1);
+	memset(empty_cell, ' ', initial_width);
+	empty_cell[initial_width] = '\0';
+	for (y = 0; y < data.rows; y++) {
+		for (x = 0; x < data.cols; x++)
+			if (display_cell(&data, initial_width, empty_cell, x, y))
+				break;
+	}
+
+	free(data.len);
+	free(data.width);
+	free(empty_cell);
+}
+
+void print_columns(const struct string_list *list, unsigned int colopts,
+		   const struct column_options *opts)
+{
+	struct column_options nopts;
+
+	if (!list->nr)
+		return;
+	assert((colopts & COL_ENABLE_MASK) != COL_AUTO);
+
+	memset(&nopts, 0, sizeof(nopts));
+	nopts.indent = opts && opts->indent ? opts->indent : "";
+	nopts.nl = opts && opts->nl ? opts->nl : "\n";
+	nopts.padding = opts ? opts->padding : 1;
+	nopts.width = opts && opts->width ? opts->width : term_columns() - 1;
+	if (!column_active(colopts)) {
+		display_plain(list, "", "\n");
+		return;
+	}
+	switch (COL_LAYOUT(colopts)) {
+	case COL_PLAIN:
+		display_plain(list, nopts.indent, nopts.nl);
+		break;
+	case COL_ROW:
+	case COL_COLUMN:
+		display_table(list, colopts, &nopts);
+		break;
+	default:
+		die("BUG: invalid layout mode %d", COL_LAYOUT(colopts));
+	}
+}
+
+int finalize_colopts(unsigned int *colopts, int stdout_is_tty)
+{
+	if ((*colopts & COL_ENABLE_MASK) == COL_AUTO) {
+		if (stdout_is_tty < 0)
+			stdout_is_tty = isatty(1);
+		*colopts &= ~COL_ENABLE_MASK;
+		if (stdout_is_tty)
+			*colopts |= COL_ENABLED;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct colopt {
+	const char *name;
+	unsigned int value;
+	unsigned int mask;
+};
+
+#define LAYOUT_SET 1
+#define ENABLE_SET 2
+
+static int parse_option(const char *arg, int len, unsigned int *colopts,
+			int *group_set)
+{
+	struct colopt opts[] = {
+		{ "always", COL_ENABLED,  COL_ENABLE_MASK },
+		{ "never",  COL_DISABLED, COL_ENABLE_MASK },
+		{ "auto",   COL_AUTO,     COL_ENABLE_MASK },
+		{ "plain",  COL_PLAIN,    COL_LAYOUT_MASK },
+		{ "column", COL_COLUMN,   COL_LAYOUT_MASK },
+		{ "row",    COL_ROW,      COL_LAYOUT_MASK },
+		{ "dense",  COL_DENSE,    0 },
+	};
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(opts); i++) {
+		int set = 1, arg_len = len, name_len;
+		const char *arg_str = arg;
+
+		if (!opts[i].mask) {
+			if (arg_len > 2 && !strncmp(arg_str, "no", 2)) {
+				arg_str += 2;
+				arg_len -= 2;
+				set = 0;
+			}
+		}
+
+		name_len = strlen(opts[i].name);
+		if (arg_len != name_len ||
+		    strncmp(arg_str, opts[i].name, name_len))
+			continue;
+
+		switch (opts[i].mask) {
+		case COL_ENABLE_MASK:
+			*group_set |= ENABLE_SET;
+			break;
+		case COL_LAYOUT_MASK:
+			*group_set |= LAYOUT_SET;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		if (opts[i].mask)
+			*colopts = (*colopts & ~opts[i].mask) | opts[i].value;
+		else {
+			if (set)
+				*colopts |= opts[i].value;
+			else
+				*colopts &= ~opts[i].value;
+		}
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return error("unsupported option '%s'", arg);
+}
+
+static int parse_config(unsigned int *colopts, const char *value)
+{
+	const char *sep = " ,";
+	int group_set = 0;
+
+	while (*value) {
+		int len = strcspn(value, sep);
+		if (len) {
+			if (parse_option(value, len, colopts, &group_set))
+				return -1;
+
+			value += len;
+		}
+		value += strspn(value, sep);
+	}
+	/*
+	 * Setting layout implies "always" if neither always, never
+	 * nor auto is specified.
+	 *
+	 * Current value in COL_ENABLE_MASK is disregarded. This means if
+	 * you set column.ui = auto and pass --column=row, then "auto"
+	 * will become "always".
+	 */
+	if ((group_set & LAYOUT_SET) && !(group_set & ENABLE_SET))
+		*colopts = (*colopts & ~COL_ENABLE_MASK) | COL_ENABLED;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int column_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+			 const char *key, unsigned int *colopts)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+	if (parse_config(colopts, value))
+		return error("invalid column.%s mode %s", key, value);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int git_column_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+		      const char *command, unsigned int *colopts)
+{
+	const char *it = skip_prefix(var, "column.");
+	if (!it)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!strcmp(it, "ui"))
+		return column_config(var, value, "ui", colopts);
+
+	if (command && !strcmp(it, command))
+		return column_config(var, value, it, colopts);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parseopt_column_callback(const struct option *opt,
+			     const char *arg, int unset)
+{
+	unsigned int *colopts = opt->value;
+	*colopts |= COL_PARSEOPT;
+	*colopts &= ~COL_ENABLE_MASK;
+	if (unset)		/* --no-column == never */
+		return 0;
+	/* --column == always unless "arg" states otherwise */
+	*colopts |= COL_ENABLED;
+	if (arg)
+		return parse_config(colopts, arg);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int fd_out = -1;
+static struct child_process column_process;
+
+int run_column_filter(int colopts, const struct column_options *opts)
+{
+	const char *av[10];
+	int ret, ac = 0;
+	struct strbuf sb_colopt  = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb_width   = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf sb_padding = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (fd_out != -1)
+		return -1;
+
+	av[ac++] = "column";
+	strbuf_addf(&sb_colopt, "--raw-mode=%d", colopts);
+	av[ac++] = sb_colopt.buf;
+	if (opts && opts->width) {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb_width, "--width=%d", opts->width);
+		av[ac++] = sb_width.buf;
+	}
+	if (opts && opts->indent) {
+		av[ac++] = "--indent";
+		av[ac++] = opts->indent;
+	}
+	if (opts && opts->padding) {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb_padding, "--padding=%d", opts->padding);
+		av[ac++] = sb_padding.buf;
+	}
+	av[ac] = NULL;
+
+	fflush(stdout);
+	memset(&column_process, 0, sizeof(column_process));
+	column_process.in = -1;
+	column_process.out = dup(1);
+	column_process.git_cmd = 1;
+	column_process.argv = av;
+
+	ret = start_command(&column_process);
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb_colopt);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_width);
+	strbuf_release(&sb_padding);
+
+	if (ret)
+		return -2;
+
+	fd_out = dup(1);
+	close(1);
+	dup2(column_process.in, 1);
+	close(column_process.in);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int stop_column_filter(void)
+{
+	if (fd_out == -1)
+		return -1;
+
+	fflush(stdout);
+	close(1);
+	finish_command(&column_process);
+	dup2(fd_out, 1);
+	close(fd_out);
+	fd_out = -1;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/column.h b/column.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a61917
--- /dev/null
+++ b/column.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef COLUMN_H
+#define COLUMN_H
+
+#define COL_LAYOUT_MASK   0x000F
+#define COL_ENABLE_MASK   0x0030   /* always, never or auto */
+#define COL_PARSEOPT      0x0040   /* --column is given from cmdline */
+#define COL_DENSE         0x0080   /* Shrink columns when possible,
+				      making space for more columns */
+
+#define COL_DISABLED      0x0000   /* must be zero */
+#define COL_ENABLED       0x0010
+#define COL_AUTO          0x0020
+
+#define COL_LAYOUT(c) ((c) & COL_LAYOUT_MASK)
+#define COL_COLUMN             0   /* Fill columns before rows */
+#define COL_ROW                1   /* Fill rows before columns */
+#define COL_PLAIN             15   /* one column */
+
+#define explicitly_enable_column(c) \
+	(((c) & COL_PARSEOPT) && column_active(c))
+
+struct column_options {
+	int width;
+	int padding;
+	const char *indent;
+	const char *nl;
+};
+
+struct option;
+extern int parseopt_column_callback(const struct option *, const char *, int);
+extern int git_column_config(const char *var, const char *value,
+			     const char *command, unsigned int *colopts);
+extern int finalize_colopts(unsigned int *colopts, int stdout_is_tty);
+static inline int column_active(unsigned int colopts)
+{
+	return (colopts & COL_ENABLE_MASK) == COL_ENABLED;
+}
+
+extern void print_columns(const struct string_list *list, unsigned int colopts,
+			  const struct column_options *opts);
+
+extern int run_column_filter(int colopts, const struct column_options *);
+extern int stop_column_filter(void);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/combine-diff.c b/combine-diff.c
index 214014d..bb1cc96 100644
--- a/combine-diff.c
+++ b/combine-diff.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "userdiff.h"
+#include "sha1-array.h"
 
 static struct combine_diff_path *intersect_paths(struct combine_diff_path *curr, int n, int num_parent)
 {
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@
 		return xcalloc(1, 1);
 	} else if (textconv) {
 		struct diff_filespec *df = alloc_filespec(path);
-		fill_filespec(df, sha1, mode);
+		fill_filespec(df, sha1, 1, mode);
 		*size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, &blob);
 		free_filespec(df);
 	} else {
@@ -422,7 +423,7 @@
 						     hunk_begin, j);
 				la = (la + context < cnt + 1) ?
 					(la + context) : cnt + 1;
-				while (j <= --la) {
+				while (la && j <= --la) {
 					if (sline[la].flag & mark) {
 						contin = 1;
 						break;
@@ -822,7 +823,7 @@
 						   &result_size, NULL, NULL);
 		} else if (textconv) {
 			struct diff_filespec *df = alloc_filespec(elem->path);
-			fill_filespec(df, null_sha1, st.st_mode);
+			fill_filespec(df, null_sha1, 0, st.st_mode);
 			result_size = fill_textconv(textconv, df, &result);
 			free_filespec(df);
 		} else if (0 <= (fd = open(elem->path, O_RDONLY))) {
@@ -1116,15 +1117,14 @@
 }
 
 void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			const unsigned char parent[][20],
-			int num_parent,
+			const struct sha1_array *parents,
 			int dense,
 			struct rev_info *rev)
 {
 	struct diff_options *opt = &rev->diffopt;
 	struct diff_options diffopts;
 	struct combine_diff_path *p, *paths = NULL;
-	int i, num_paths, needsep, show_log_first;
+	int i, num_paths, needsep, show_log_first, num_parent = parents->nr;
 
 	diffopts = *opt;
 	diffopts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
@@ -1144,7 +1144,7 @@
 			diffopts.output_format = stat_opt;
 		else
 			diffopts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-		diff_tree_sha1(parent[i], sha1, "", &diffopts);
+		diff_tree_sha1(parents->sha1[i], sha1, "", &diffopts);
 		diffcore_std(&diffopts);
 		paths = intersect_paths(paths, i, num_parent);
 
@@ -1196,25 +1196,16 @@
 	}
 }
 
-void diff_tree_combined_merge(const unsigned char *sha1,
-			     int dense, struct rev_info *rev)
+void diff_tree_combined_merge(const struct commit *commit, int dense,
+			      struct rev_info *rev)
 {
-	int num_parent;
-	const unsigned char (*parent)[20];
-	struct commit *commit = lookup_commit(sha1);
-	struct commit_list *parents;
+	struct commit_list *parent = commit->parents;
+	struct sha1_array parents = SHA1_ARRAY_INIT;
 
-	/* count parents */
-	for (parents = commit->parents, num_parent = 0;
-	     parents;
-	     parents = parents->next, num_parent++)
-		; /* nothing */
-
-	parent = xmalloc(num_parent * sizeof(*parent));
-	for (parents = commit->parents, num_parent = 0;
-	     parents;
-	     parents = parents->next, num_parent++)
-		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parent + num_parent),
-			parents->item->object.sha1);
-	diff_tree_combined(sha1, parent, num_parent, dense, rev);
+	while (parent) {
+		sha1_array_append(&parents, parent->item->object.sha1);
+		parent = parent->next;
+	}
+	diff_tree_combined(commit->object.sha1, &parents, dense, rev);
+	sha1_array_clear(&parents);
 }
diff --git a/command-list.txt b/command-list.txt
index a36ee9b..bf83303 100644
--- a/command-list.txt
+++ b/command-list.txt
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 git-bundle                              mainporcelain
 git-cat-file                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-check-attr                          purehelpers
+git-check-ignore                        purehelpers
 git-checkout                            mainporcelain common
 git-checkout-index                      plumbingmanipulators
 git-check-ref-format                    purehelpers
@@ -20,10 +21,14 @@
 git-citool                              mainporcelain
 git-clean                               mainporcelain
 git-clone                               mainporcelain common
+git-column                              purehelpers
 git-commit                              mainporcelain common
 git-commit-tree                         plumbingmanipulators
 git-config                              ancillarymanipulators
 git-count-objects                       ancillaryinterrogators
+git-credential                          purehelpers
+git-credential-cache                    purehelpers
+git-credential-store                    purehelpers
 git-cvsexportcommit                     foreignscminterface
 git-cvsimport                           foreignscminterface
 git-cvsserver                           foreignscminterface
@@ -76,6 +81,7 @@
 git-mv                                  mainporcelain common
 git-name-rev                            plumbinginterrogators
 git-notes                               mainporcelain
+git-p4                                  foreignscminterface
 git-pack-objects                        plumbingmanipulators
 git-pack-redundant                      plumbinginterrogators
 git-pack-refs                           ancillarymanipulators
@@ -111,6 +117,7 @@
 git-show-branch                         ancillaryinterrogators
 git-show-index                          plumbinginterrogators
 git-show-ref                            plumbinginterrogators
+git-sh-i18n                             purehelpers
 git-sh-setup                            purehelpers
 git-stash                               mainporcelain
 git-status                              mainporcelain common
diff --git a/commit.c b/commit.c
index 73b7e00..e8eb0ae 100644
--- a/commit.c
+++ b/commit.c
@@ -6,6 +6,10 @@
 #include "diff.h"
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "notes.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+
+static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(const char *buf, size_t len, const char **);
 
 int save_commit_buffer = 1;
 
@@ -66,7 +70,7 @@
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+	if (get_sha1_committish(name, sha1))
 		return NULL;
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!commit || parse_commit(commit))
@@ -389,15 +393,31 @@
 	return commit_list_insert(item, pp);
 }
 
+static int commit_list_compare_by_date(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	unsigned long a_date = ((const struct commit_list *)a)->item->date;
+	unsigned long b_date = ((const struct commit_list *)b)->item->date;
+	if (a_date < b_date)
+		return 1;
+	if (a_date > b_date)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void *commit_list_get_next(const void *a)
+{
+	return ((const struct commit_list *)a)->next;
+}
+
+static void commit_list_set_next(void *a, void *next)
+{
+	((struct commit_list *)a)->next = next;
+}
 
 void commit_list_sort_by_date(struct commit_list **list)
 {
-	struct commit_list *ret = NULL;
-	while (*list) {
-		commit_list_insert_by_date((*list)->item, &ret);
-		*list = (*list)->next;
-	}
-	*list = ret;
+	*list = llist_mergesort(*list, commit_list_get_next, commit_list_set_next,
+				commit_list_compare_by_date);
 }
 
 struct commit *pop_most_recent_commit(struct commit_list **list,
@@ -421,7 +441,8 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
+static void clear_commit_marks_1(struct commit_list **plist,
+				 struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
 {
 	while (commit) {
 		struct commit_list *parents;
@@ -436,12 +457,20 @@
 			return;
 
 		while ((parents = parents->next))
-			clear_commit_marks(parents->item, mark);
+			commit_list_insert(parents->item, plist);
 
 		commit = commit->parents->item;
 	}
 }
 
+void clear_commit_marks(struct commit *commit, unsigned int mark)
+{
+	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+	commit_list_insert(commit, &list);
+	while (list)
+		clear_commit_marks_1(&list, pop_commit(&list), mark);
+}
+
 void clear_commit_marks_for_object_array(struct object_array *a, unsigned mark)
 {
 	struct object *object;
@@ -580,30 +609,17 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
+/* all input commits in one and twos[] must have been parsed! */
+static struct commit_list *paint_down_to_common(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
 {
 	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
 	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
 	int i;
 
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		if (one == twos[i])
-			/*
-			 * We do not mark this even with RESULT so we do not
-			 * have to clean it up.
-			 */
-			return commit_list_insert(one, &result);
-	}
-
-	if (parse_commit(one))
-		return NULL;
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		if (parse_commit(twos[i]))
-			return NULL;
-	}
-
 	one->object.flags |= PARENT1;
 	commit_list_insert_by_date(one, &list);
+	if (!n)
+		return list;
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
 		twos[i]->object.flags |= PARENT2;
 		commit_list_insert_by_date(twos[i], &list);
@@ -642,9 +658,34 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	/* Clean up the result to remove stale ones */
 	free_commit_list(list);
-	list = result; result = NULL;
+	return result;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos)
+{
+	struct commit_list *list = NULL;
+	struct commit_list *result = NULL;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (one == twos[i])
+			/*
+			 * We do not mark this even with RESULT so we do not
+			 * have to clean it up.
+			 */
+			return commit_list_insert(one, &result);
+	}
+
+	if (parse_commit(one))
+		return NULL;
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		if (parse_commit(twos[i]))
+			return NULL;
+	}
+
+	list = paint_down_to_common(one, n, twos);
+
 	while (list) {
 		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
 		if (!(list->item->object.flags & STALE))
@@ -682,6 +723,62 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int remove_redundant(struct commit **array, int cnt)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Some commit in the array may be an ancestor of
+	 * another commit.  Move such commit to the end of
+	 * the array, and return the number of commits that
+	 * are independent from each other.
+	 */
+	struct commit **work;
+	unsigned char *redundant;
+	int *filled_index;
+	int i, j, filled;
+
+	work = xcalloc(cnt, sizeof(*work));
+	redundant = xcalloc(cnt, 1);
+	filled_index = xmalloc(sizeof(*filled_index) * (cnt - 1));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+		parse_commit(array[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
+		struct commit_list *common;
+
+		if (redundant[i])
+			continue;
+		for (j = filled = 0; j < cnt; j++) {
+			if (i == j || redundant[j])
+				continue;
+			filled_index[filled] = j;
+			work[filled++] = array[j];
+		}
+		common = paint_down_to_common(array[i], filled, work);
+		if (array[i]->object.flags & PARENT2)
+			redundant[i] = 1;
+		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
+			if (work[j]->object.flags & PARENT1)
+				redundant[filled_index[j]] = 1;
+		clear_commit_marks(array[i], all_flags);
+		for (j = 0; j < filled; j++)
+			clear_commit_marks(work[j], all_flags);
+		free_commit_list(common);
+	}
+
+	/* Now collect the result */
+	memcpy(work, array, sizeof(*array) * cnt);
+	for (i = filled = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+		if (!redundant[i])
+			array[filled++] = work[i];
+	for (j = filled, i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+		if (redundant[i])
+			array[j++] = work[i];
+	free(work);
+	free(redundant);
+	free(filled_index);
+	return filled;
+}
+
 struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one,
 					 int n,
 					 struct commit **twos,
@@ -690,7 +787,7 @@
 	struct commit_list *list;
 	struct commit **rslt;
 	struct commit_list *result;
-	int cnt, i, j;
+	int cnt, i;
 
 	result = merge_bases_many(one, n, twos);
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
@@ -721,28 +818,11 @@
 	clear_commit_marks(one, all_flags);
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 		clear_commit_marks(twos[i], all_flags);
-	for (i = 0; i < cnt - 1; i++) {
-		for (j = i+1; j < cnt; j++) {
-			if (!rslt[i] || !rslt[j])
-				continue;
-			result = merge_bases_many(rslt[i], 1, &rslt[j]);
-			clear_commit_marks(rslt[i], all_flags);
-			clear_commit_marks(rslt[j], all_flags);
-			for (list = result; list; list = list->next) {
-				if (rslt[i] == list->item)
-					rslt[i] = NULL;
-				if (rslt[j] == list->item)
-					rslt[j] = NULL;
-			}
-		}
-	}
 
-	/* Surviving ones in rslt[] are the independent results */
+	cnt = remove_redundant(rslt, cnt);
 	result = NULL;
-	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++) {
-		if (rslt[i])
-			commit_list_insert_by_date(rslt[i], &result);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < cnt; i++)
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(rslt[i], &result);
 	free(rslt);
 	return result;
 }
@@ -753,6 +833,9 @@
 	return get_merge_bases_many(one, 1, &two, cleanup);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Is "commit" a decendant of one of the elements on the "with_commit" list?
+ */
 int is_descendant_of(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *with_commit)
 {
 	if (!with_commit)
@@ -762,28 +845,28 @@
 
 		other = with_commit->item;
 		with_commit = with_commit->next;
-		if (in_merge_bases(other, &commit, 1))
+		if (in_merge_bases(other, commit))
 			return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit **reference, int num)
+/*
+ * Is "commit" an ancestor of (i.e. reachable from) the "reference"?
+ */
+int in_merge_bases(struct commit *commit, struct commit *reference)
 {
-	struct commit_list *bases, *b;
+	struct commit_list *bases;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	if (num == 1)
-		bases = get_merge_bases(commit, *reference, 1);
-	else
-		die("not yet");
-	for (b = bases; b; b = b->next) {
-		if (!hashcmp(commit->object.sha1, b->item->object.sha1)) {
-			ret = 1;
-			break;
-		}
-	}
+	if (parse_commit(commit) || parse_commit(reference))
+		return ret;
 
+	bases = paint_down_to_common(commit, 1, &reference);
+	if (commit->object.flags & PARENT2)
+		ret = 1;
+	clear_commit_marks(commit, all_flags);
+	clear_commit_marks(reference, all_flags);
 	free_commit_list(bases);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -792,62 +875,373 @@
 {
 	struct commit_list *p;
 	struct commit_list *result = NULL, **tail = &result;
-	struct commit **other;
-	size_t num_head, num_other;
+	struct commit **array;
+	int num_head, i;
 
 	if (!heads)
 		return NULL;
 
-	/* Avoid unnecessary reallocations */
-	for (p = heads, num_head = 0; p; p = p->next)
-		num_head++;
-	other = xcalloc(sizeof(*other), num_head);
-
-	/* For each commit, see if it can be reached by others */
-	for (p = heads; p; p = p->next) {
-		struct commit_list *q, *base;
-
-		/* Do we already have this in the result? */
-		for (q = result; q; q = q->next)
-			if (p->item == q->item)
-				break;
-		if (q)
+	/* Uniquify */
+	for (p = heads; p; p = p->next)
+		p->item->object.flags &= ~STALE;
+	for (p = heads, num_head = 0; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & STALE)
 			continue;
-
-		num_other = 0;
-		for (q = heads; q; q = q->next) {
-			if (p->item == q->item)
-				continue;
-			other[num_other++] = q->item;
-		}
-		if (num_other)
-			base = get_merge_bases_many(p->item, num_other, other, 1);
-		else
-			base = NULL;
-		/*
-		 * If p->item does not have anything common with other
-		 * commits, there won't be any merge base.  If it is
-		 * reachable from some of the others, p->item will be
-		 * the merge base.  If its history is connected with
-		 * others, but p->item is not reachable by others, we
-		 * will get something other than p->item back.
-		 */
-		if (!base || (base->item != p->item))
-			tail = &(commit_list_insert(p->item, tail)->next);
-		free_commit_list(base);
+		p->item->object.flags |= STALE;
+		num_head++;
 	}
-	free(other);
+	array = xcalloc(sizeof(*array), num_head);
+	for (p = heads, i = 0; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p->item->object.flags & STALE) {
+			array[i++] = p->item;
+			p->item->object.flags &= ~STALE;
+		}
+	}
+	num_head = remove_redundant(array, num_head);
+	for (i = 0; i < num_head; i++)
+		tail = &commit_list_insert(array[i], tail)->next;
 	return result;
 }
 
+static const char gpg_sig_header[] = "gpgsig";
+static const int gpg_sig_header_len = sizeof(gpg_sig_header) - 1;
+
+static int do_sign_commit(struct strbuf *buf, const char *keyid)
+{
+	struct strbuf sig = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int inspos, copypos;
+
+	/* find the end of the header */
+	inspos = strstr(buf->buf, "\n\n") - buf->buf + 1;
+
+	if (!keyid || !*keyid)
+		keyid = get_signing_key();
+	if (sign_buffer(buf, &sig, keyid)) {
+		strbuf_release(&sig);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	for (copypos = 0; sig.buf[copypos]; ) {
+		const char *bol = sig.buf + copypos;
+		const char *eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
+		int len = (eol - bol) + !!*eol;
+
+		if (!copypos) {
+			strbuf_insert(buf, inspos, gpg_sig_header, gpg_sig_header_len);
+			inspos += gpg_sig_header_len;
+		}
+		strbuf_insert(buf, inspos++, " ", 1);
+		strbuf_insert(buf, inspos, bol, len);
+		inspos += len;
+		copypos += len;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sig);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int parse_signed_commit(const unsigned char *sha1,
+			struct strbuf *payload, struct strbuf *signature)
+{
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	int in_signature, saw_signature = -1;
+	char *line, *tail;
+
+	if (!buffer || type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+		goto cleanup;
+
+	line = buffer;
+	tail = buffer + size;
+	in_signature = 0;
+	saw_signature = 0;
+	while (line < tail) {
+		const char *sig = NULL;
+		char *next = memchr(line, '\n', tail - line);
+
+		next = next ? next + 1 : tail;
+		if (in_signature && line[0] == ' ')
+			sig = line + 1;
+		else if (!prefixcmp(line, gpg_sig_header) &&
+			 line[gpg_sig_header_len] == ' ')
+			sig = line + gpg_sig_header_len + 1;
+		if (sig) {
+			strbuf_add(signature, sig, next - sig);
+			saw_signature = 1;
+			in_signature = 1;
+		} else {
+			if (*line == '\n')
+				/* dump the whole remainder of the buffer */
+				next = tail;
+			strbuf_add(payload, line, next - line);
+			in_signature = 0;
+		}
+		line = next;
+	}
+ cleanup:
+	free(buffer);
+	return saw_signature;
+}
+
+static void handle_signed_tag(struct commit *parent, struct commit_extra_header ***tail)
+{
+	struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+	struct commit_extra_header *mergetag;
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size, len;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	desc = merge_remote_util(parent);
+	if (!desc || !desc->obj)
+		return;
+	buf = read_sha1_file(desc->obj->sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf || type != OBJ_TAG)
+		goto free_return;
+	len = parse_signature(buf, size);
+	if (size == len)
+		goto free_return;
+	/*
+	 * We could verify this signature and either omit the tag when
+	 * it does not validate, but the integrator may not have the
+	 * public key of the signer of the tag he is merging, while a
+	 * later auditor may have it while auditing, so let's not run
+	 * verify-signed-buffer here for now...
+	 *
+	 * if (verify_signed_buffer(buf, len, buf + len, size - len, ...))
+	 *	warn("warning: signed tag unverified.");
+	 */
+	mergetag = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*mergetag));
+	mergetag->key = xstrdup("mergetag");
+	mergetag->value = buf;
+	mergetag->len = size;
+
+	**tail = mergetag;
+	*tail = &mergetag->next;
+	return;
+
+free_return:
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+void append_merge_tag_headers(struct commit_list *parents,
+			      struct commit_extra_header ***tail)
+{
+	while (parents) {
+		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
+		handle_signed_tag(parent, tail);
+		parents = parents->next;
+	}
+}
+
+static void add_extra_header(struct strbuf *buffer,
+			     struct commit_extra_header *extra)
+{
+	strbuf_addstr(buffer, extra->key);
+	if (extra->len)
+		strbuf_add_lines(buffer, " ", extra->value, extra->len);
+	else
+		strbuf_addch(buffer, '\n');
+}
+
+struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_headers(struct commit *commit,
+						      const char **exclude)
+{
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+	char *buffer = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (buffer && type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		extra = read_commit_extra_header_lines(buffer, size, exclude);
+	free(buffer);
+	return extra;
+}
+
+static inline int standard_header_field(const char *field, size_t len)
+{
+	return ((len == 4 && !memcmp(field, "tree ", 5)) ||
+		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "parent ", 7)) ||
+		(len == 6 && !memcmp(field, "author ", 7)) ||
+		(len == 9 && !memcmp(field, "committer ", 10)) ||
+		(len == 8 && !memcmp(field, "encoding ", 9)));
+}
+
+static int excluded_header_field(const char *field, size_t len, const char **exclude)
+{
+	if (!exclude)
+		return 0;
+
+	while (*exclude) {
+		size_t xlen = strlen(*exclude);
+		if (len == xlen &&
+		    !memcmp(field, *exclude, xlen) && field[xlen] == ' ')
+			return 1;
+		exclude++;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_header_lines(
+	const char *buffer, size_t size,
+	const char **exclude)
+{
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL, **tail = &extra, *it = NULL;
+	const char *line, *next, *eof, *eob;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (line = buffer, eob = line + size;
+	     line < eob && *line != '\n';
+	     line = next) {
+		next = memchr(line, '\n', eob - line);
+		next = next ? next + 1 : eob;
+		if (*line == ' ') {
+			/* continuation */
+			if (it)
+				strbuf_add(&buf, line + 1, next - (line + 1));
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (it)
+			it->value = strbuf_detach(&buf, &it->len);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		it = NULL;
+
+		eof = strchr(line, ' ');
+		if (next <= eof)
+			eof = next;
+
+		if (standard_header_field(line, eof - line) ||
+		    excluded_header_field(line, eof - line, exclude))
+			continue;
+
+		it = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*it));
+		it->key = xmemdupz(line, eof-line);
+		*tail = it;
+		tail = &it->next;
+		if (eof + 1 < next)
+			strbuf_add(&buf, eof + 1, next - (eof + 1));
+	}
+	if (it)
+		it->value = strbuf_detach(&buf, &it->len);
+	return extra;
+}
+
+void free_commit_extra_headers(struct commit_extra_header *extra)
+{
+	while (extra) {
+		struct commit_extra_header *next = extra->next;
+		free(extra->key);
+		free(extra->value);
+		free(extra);
+		extra = next;
+	}
+}
+
+int commit_tree(const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+		const char *author, const char *sign_commit)
+{
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra = NULL, **tail = &extra;
+	int result;
+
+	append_merge_tag_headers(parents, &tail);
+	result = commit_tree_extended(msg, tree, parents, ret,
+				      author, sign_commit, extra);
+	free_commit_extra_headers(extra);
+	return result;
+}
+
+static int find_invalid_utf8(const char *buf, int len)
+{
+	int offset = 0;
+
+	while (len) {
+		unsigned char c = *buf++;
+		int bytes, bad_offset;
+
+		len--;
+		offset++;
+
+		/* Simple US-ASCII? No worries. */
+		if (c < 0x80)
+			continue;
+
+		bad_offset = offset-1;
+
+		/*
+		 * Count how many more high bits set: that's how
+		 * many more bytes this sequence should have.
+		 */
+		bytes = 0;
+		while (c & 0x40) {
+			c <<= 1;
+			bytes++;
+		}
+
+		/* Must be between 1 and 5 more bytes */
+		if (bytes < 1 || bytes > 5)
+			return bad_offset;
+
+		/* Do we *have* that many bytes? */
+		if (len < bytes)
+			return bad_offset;
+
+		offset += bytes;
+		len -= bytes;
+
+		/* And verify that they are good continuation bytes */
+		do {
+			if ((*buf++ & 0xc0) != 0x80)
+				return bad_offset;
+		} while (--bytes);
+
+		/* We could/should check the value and length here too */
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * This verifies that the buffer is in proper utf8 format.
+ *
+ * If it isn't, it assumes any non-utf8 characters are Latin1,
+ * and does the conversion.
+ *
+ * Fixme: we should probably also disallow overlong forms and
+ * invalid characters. But we don't do that currently.
+ */
+static int verify_utf8(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	int ok = 1;
+	long pos = 0;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int bad;
+		unsigned char c;
+		unsigned char replace[2];
+
+		bad = find_invalid_utf8(buf->buf + pos, buf->len - pos);
+		if (bad < 0)
+			return ok;
+		pos += bad;
+		ok = 0;
+		c = buf->buf[pos];
+		strbuf_remove(buf, pos, 1);
+
+		/* We know 'c' must be in the range 128-255 */
+		replace[0] = 0xc0 + (c >> 6);
+		replace[1] = 0x80 + (c & 0x3f);
+		strbuf_insert(buf, pos, replace, 2);
+		pos += 2;
+	}
+}
+
 static const char commit_utf8_warn[] =
-"Warning: commit message does not conform to UTF-8.\n"
+"Warning: commit message did not conform to UTF-8.\n"
 "You may want to amend it after fixing the message, or set the config\n"
 "variable i18n.commitencoding to the encoding your project uses.\n";
 
-int commit_tree(const char *msg, unsigned char *tree,
-		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
-		const char *author)
+int commit_tree_extended(const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+			 struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+			 const char *author, const char *sign_commit,
+			 struct commit_extra_header *extra)
 {
 	int result;
 	int encoding_is_utf8;
@@ -855,6 +1249,9 @@
 
 	assert_sha1_type(tree, OBJ_TREE);
 
+	if (memchr(msg->buf, '\0', msg->len))
+		return error("a NUL byte in commit log message not allowed.");
+
 	/* Not having i18n.commitencoding is the same as having utf-8 */
 	encoding_is_utf8 = is_encoding_utf8(git_commit_encoding);
 
@@ -868,29 +1265,95 @@
 	 */
 	while (parents) {
 		struct commit_list *next = parents->next;
+		struct commit *parent = parents->item;
+
 		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "parent %s\n",
-			sha1_to_hex(parents->item->object.sha1));
+			    sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
 		free(parents);
 		parents = next;
 	}
 
 	/* Person/date information */
 	if (!author)
-		author = git_author_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
+		author = git_author_info(IDENT_STRICT);
 	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "author %s\n", author);
-	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "committer %s\n", git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME));
+	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "committer %s\n", git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT));
 	if (!encoding_is_utf8)
 		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "encoding %s\n", git_commit_encoding);
+
+	while (extra) {
+		add_extra_header(&buffer, extra);
+		extra = extra->next;
+	}
 	strbuf_addch(&buffer, '\n');
 
 	/* And add the comment */
-	strbuf_addstr(&buffer, msg);
+	strbuf_addbuf(&buffer, msg);
 
 	/* And check the encoding */
-	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !is_utf8(buffer.buf))
+	if (encoding_is_utf8 && !verify_utf8(&buffer))
 		fprintf(stderr, commit_utf8_warn);
 
+	if (sign_commit && do_sign_commit(&buffer, sign_commit))
+		return -1;
+
 	result = write_sha1_file(buffer.buf, buffer.len, commit_type, ret);
 	strbuf_release(&buffer);
 	return result;
 }
+
+struct commit *get_merge_parent(const char *name)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
+		return NULL;
+	obj = parse_object(sha1);
+	commit = (struct commit *)peel_to_type(name, 0, obj, OBJ_COMMIT);
+	if (commit && !commit->util) {
+		struct merge_remote_desc *desc;
+		desc = xmalloc(sizeof(*desc));
+		desc->obj = obj;
+		desc->name = strdup(name);
+		commit->util = desc;
+	}
+	return commit;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Append a commit to the end of the commit_list.
+ *
+ * next starts by pointing to the variable that holds the head of an
+ * empty commit_list, and is updated to point to the "next" field of
+ * the last item on the list as new commits are appended.
+ *
+ * Usage example:
+ *
+ *     struct commit_list *list;
+ *     struct commit_list **next = &list;
+ *
+ *     next = commit_list_append(c1, next);
+ *     next = commit_list_append(c2, next);
+ *     assert(commit_list_count(list) == 2);
+ *     return list;
+ */
+struct commit_list **commit_list_append(struct commit *commit,
+					struct commit_list **next)
+{
+	struct commit_list *new = xmalloc(sizeof(struct commit_list));
+	new->item = commit;
+	*next = new;
+	new->next = NULL;
+	return &new->next;
+}
+
+void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+		       const char *format_cur,
+		       const char *format_last)
+{
+	for ( ; list; list = list->next) {
+		const char *format = list->next ? format_cur : format_last;
+		printf(format, sha1_to_hex(list->item->object.sha1));
+	}
+}
diff --git a/commit.h b/commit.h
index 009b113..4138bb4 100644
--- a/commit.h
+++ b/commit.h
@@ -53,6 +53,8 @@
 
 struct commit_list *commit_list_insert(struct commit *item,
 					struct commit_list **list);
+struct commit_list **commit_list_append(struct commit *commit,
+					struct commit_list **next);
 unsigned commit_list_count(const struct commit_list *l);
 struct commit_list *commit_list_insert_by_date(struct commit *item,
 				    struct commit_list **list);
@@ -82,10 +84,13 @@
 	const char *after_subject;
 	int preserve_subject;
 	enum date_mode date_mode;
+	unsigned date_mode_explicit:1;
 	int need_8bit_cte;
-	int show_notes;
+	char *notes_message;
 	struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info;
 	const char *output_encoding;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
+	int color;
 };
 
 struct userformat_want {
@@ -96,8 +101,7 @@
 struct rev_info; /* in revision.h, it circularly uses enum cmit_fmt */
 extern char *logmsg_reencode(const struct commit *commit,
 			     const char *output_encoding);
-extern char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit,
-				     const char **encoding_p);
+extern void logmsg_free(char *msg, const struct commit *commit);
 extern void get_commit_format(const char *arg, struct rev_info *);
 extern const char *format_subject(struct strbuf *sb, const char *msg,
 				  const char *line_separator);
@@ -160,6 +164,9 @@
 extern struct commit_list *get_merge_bases_many(struct commit *one, int n, struct commit **twos, int cleanup);
 extern struct commit_list *get_octopus_merge_bases(struct commit_list *in);
 
+/* largest postive number a signed 32-bit integer can contain */
+#define INFINITE_DEPTH 0x7fffffff
+
 extern int register_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int unregister_shallow(const unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int for_each_commit_graft(each_commit_graft_fn, void *);
@@ -168,7 +175,7 @@
 		int depth, int shallow_flag, int not_shallow_flag);
 
 int is_descendant_of(struct commit *, struct commit_list *);
-int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit **, int);
+int in_merge_bases(struct commit *, struct commit *);
 
 extern int interactive_add(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix, int patch);
 extern int run_add_interactive(const char *revision, const char *patch_mode,
@@ -181,8 +188,46 @@
 
 struct commit_list *reduce_heads(struct commit_list *heads);
 
-extern int commit_tree(const char *msg, unsigned char *tree,
-		struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
-		const char *author);
+struct commit_extra_header {
+	struct commit_extra_header *next;
+	char *key;
+	char *value;
+	size_t len;
+};
+
+extern void append_merge_tag_headers(struct commit_list *parents,
+				     struct commit_extra_header ***tail);
+
+extern int commit_tree(const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+		       struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+		       const char *author, const char *sign_commit);
+
+extern int commit_tree_extended(const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *tree,
+				struct commit_list *parents, unsigned char *ret,
+				const char *author, const char *sign_commit,
+				struct commit_extra_header *);
+
+extern struct commit_extra_header *read_commit_extra_headers(struct commit *, const char **);
+
+extern void free_commit_extra_headers(struct commit_extra_header *extra);
+
+struct merge_remote_desc {
+	struct object *obj; /* the named object, could be a tag */
+	const char *name;
+};
+#define merge_remote_util(commit) ((struct merge_remote_desc *)((commit)->util))
+
+/*
+ * Given "name" from the command line to merge, find the commit object
+ * and return it, while storing merge_remote_desc in its ->util field,
+ * to allow callers to tell if we are told to merge a tag.
+ */
+struct commit *get_merge_parent(const char *name);
+
+extern int parse_signed_commit(const unsigned char *sha1,
+			       struct strbuf *message, struct strbuf *signature);
+extern void print_commit_list(struct commit_list *list,
+			      const char *format_cur,
+			      const char *format_last);
 
 #endif /* COMMIT_H */
diff --git a/compat/cygwin.c b/compat/cygwin.c
index dfe9b30..5428858 100644
--- a/compat/cygwin.c
+++ b/compat/cygwin.c
@@ -1,6 +1,13 @@
 #define WIN32_LEAN_AND_MEAN
+#ifdef CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 #include "win32.h"
+#else
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/errno.h>
+#include "win32.h"
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#endif
 #include "../cache.h" /* to read configuration */
 
 static inline void filetime_to_timespec(const FILETIME *ft, struct timespec *ts)
diff --git a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
index 9473aed..5ef0685 100644
--- a/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
+++ b/compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c
@@ -55,7 +55,8 @@
    program understand `configure --with-gnu-libc' and omit the object files,
    it is simpler to just do this in the source for each such file.  */
 
-#if defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
+#if defined NO_FNMATCH || defined NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD || \
+    defined _LIBC || !defined __GNU_LIBRARY__
 
 
 # if defined STDC_HEADERS || !defined isascii
@@ -135,9 +136,9 @@
 
 # if !defined HAVE___STRCHRNUL && !defined _LIBC
 static char *
-__strchrnul (s, c)
-     const char *s;
-     int c;
+__strchrnul (const char *s, int c)
+
+
 {
   char *result = strchr (s, c);
   if (result == NULL)
@@ -159,11 +160,11 @@
      internal_function;
 static int
 internal_function
-internal_fnmatch (pattern, string, no_leading_period, flags)
-     const char *pattern;
-     const char *string;
-     int no_leading_period;
-     int flags;
+internal_fnmatch (const char *pattern, const char *string, int no_leading_period, int flags)
+
+
+
+
 {
   register const char *p = pattern, *n = string;
   register unsigned char c;
@@ -345,7 +346,7 @@
 
 		    for (;;)
 		      {
-			if (c1 == CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH)
+			if (c1 > CHAR_CLASS_MAX_LENGTH)
 			  /* The name is too long and therefore the pattern
 			     is ill-formed.  */
 			  return FNM_NOMATCH;
@@ -481,10 +482,10 @@
 
 
 int
-fnmatch (pattern, string, flags)
-     const char *pattern;
-     const char *string;
-     int flags;
+fnmatch (const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
+
+
+
 {
   return internal_fnmatch (pattern, string, flags & FNM_PERIOD, flags);
 }
diff --git a/compat/inet_ntop.c b/compat/inet_ntop.c
index ea249c6..90b7cc4 100644
--- a/compat/inet_ntop.c
+++ b/compat/inet_ntop.c
@@ -15,14 +15,8 @@
  * SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
 #ifndef NS_INADDRSZ
 #define NS_INADDRSZ	4
 #endif
@@ -98,7 +92,9 @@
 	for (i = 0; i < NS_IN6ADDRSZ; i++)
 		words[i / 2] |= (src[i] << ((1 - (i % 2)) << 3));
 	best.base = -1;
+	best.len = 0;
 	cur.base = -1;
+	cur.len = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < (NS_IN6ADDRSZ / NS_INT16SZ); i++) {
 		if (words[i] == 0) {
 			if (cur.base == -1)
diff --git a/compat/inet_pton.c b/compat/inet_pton.c
index 2ec995e..2b9a0a4 100644
--- a/compat/inet_pton.c
+++ b/compat/inet_pton.c
@@ -15,14 +15,8 @@
  * WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
  */
 
-#include <errno.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-
 #include "../git-compat-util.h"
 
-#include <stdio.h>
-#include <string.h>
-
 #ifndef NS_INT16SZ
 #define NS_INT16SZ       2
 #endif
diff --git a/compat/mingw.c b/compat/mingw.c
index efdc703..b673625 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.c
+++ b/compat/mingw.c
@@ -256,6 +256,8 @@
 
 	while ((ret = rmdir(pathname)) == -1 && tries < ARRAY_SIZE(delay)) {
 		if (!is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()))
+			errno = err_win_to_posix(GetLastError());
+		if (errno != EACCES)
 			break;
 		if (!is_dir_empty(pathname)) {
 			errno = ENOTEMPTY;
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@
 		Sleep(delay[tries]);
 		tries++;
 	}
-	while (ret == -1 && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
+	while (ret == -1 && errno == EACCES && is_file_in_use_error(GetLastError()) &&
 	       ask_yes_no_if_possible("Deletion of directory '%s' failed. "
 			"Should I try again?", pathname))
 	       ret = rmdir(pathname);
@@ -319,6 +321,31 @@
 	return write(fd, buf, min(count, 31 * 1024 * 1024));
 }
 
+static BOOL WINAPI ctrl_ignore(DWORD type)
+{
+	return TRUE;
+}
+
+#undef fgetc
+int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream)
+{
+	int ch;
+	if (!isatty(_fileno(stream)))
+		return fgetc(stream);
+
+	SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, TRUE);
+	while (1) {
+		ch = fgetc(stream);
+		if (ch != EOF || GetLastError() != ERROR_OPERATION_ABORTED)
+			break;
+
+		/* Ctrl+C was pressed, simulate SIGINT and retry */
+		mingw_raise(SIGINT);
+	}
+	SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ctrl_ignore, FALSE);
+	return ch;
+}
+
 #undef fopen
 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype)
 {
@@ -335,6 +362,28 @@
 	return freopen(filename, otype, stream);
 }
 
+#undef fflush
+int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream)
+{
+	int ret = fflush(stream);
+
+	/*
+	 * write() is used behind the scenes of stdio output functions.
+	 * Since git code does not check for errors after each stdio write
+	 * operation, it can happen that write() is called by a later
+	 * stdio function even if an earlier write() call failed. In the
+	 * case of a pipe whose readable end was closed, only the first
+	 * call to write() reports EPIPE on Windows. Subsequent write()
+	 * calls report EINVAL. It is impossible to notice whether this
+	 * fflush invocation triggered such a case, therefore, we have to
+	 * catch all EINVAL errors whole-sale.
+	 */
+	if (ret && errno == EINVAL)
+		errno = EPIPE;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
 /*
  * The unit of FILETIME is 100-nanoseconds since January 1, 1601, UTC.
  * Returns the 100-nanoseconds ("hekto nanoseconds") since the epoch.
@@ -1003,7 +1052,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
+int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 {
 	char **path = get_path_split();
 	char *prog = path_lookup(cmd, path, 0);
@@ -1015,11 +1064,13 @@
 		errno = ENOENT;
 
 	free_path_split(path);
+	return -1;
 }
 
-void mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
+int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv)
 {
 	mingw_execve(cmd, argv, environ);
+	return -1;
 }
 
 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig)
@@ -1522,7 +1573,7 @@
 static HANDLE timer_thread;
 static int timer_interval;
 static int one_shot;
-static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL;
+static sig_handler_t timer_fn = SIG_DFL, sigint_fn = SIG_DFL;
 
 /* The timer works like this:
  * The thread, ticktack(), is a trivial routine that most of the time
@@ -1536,10 +1587,7 @@
 static unsigned __stdcall ticktack(void *dummy)
 {
 	while (WaitForSingleObject(timer_event, timer_interval) == WAIT_TIMEOUT) {
-		if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL)
-			die("Alarm");
-		if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
-			timer_fn(SIGALRM);
+		mingw_raise(SIGALRM);
 		if (one_shot)
 			break;
 	}
@@ -1630,12 +1678,49 @@
 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler)
 {
 	sig_handler_t old = timer_fn;
-	if (sig != SIGALRM)
+
+	switch (sig) {
+	case SIGALRM:
+		timer_fn = handler;
+		break;
+
+	case SIGINT:
+		sigint_fn = handler;
+		break;
+
+	default:
 		return signal(sig, handler);
-	timer_fn = handler;
+	}
+
 	return old;
 }
 
+#undef raise
+int mingw_raise(int sig)
+{
+	switch (sig) {
+	case SIGALRM:
+		if (timer_fn == SIG_DFL) {
+			if (isatty(STDERR_FILENO))
+				fputs("Alarm clock\n", stderr);
+			exit(128 + SIGALRM);
+		} else if (timer_fn != SIG_IGN)
+			timer_fn(SIGALRM);
+		return 0;
+
+	case SIGINT:
+		if (sigint_fn == SIG_DFL)
+			exit(128 + SIGINT);
+		else if (sigint_fn != SIG_IGN)
+			sigint_fn(SIGINT);
+		return 0;
+
+	default:
+		return raise(sig);
+	}
+}
+
+
 static const char *make_backslash_path(const char *path)
 {
 	static char buf[PATH_MAX + 1];
@@ -1697,22 +1782,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-char *getpass(const char *prompt)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	fputs(prompt, stderr);
-	for (;;) {
-		char c = _getch();
-		if (c == '\r' || c == '\n')
-			break;
-		strbuf_addch(&buf, c);
-	}
-	fputs("\n", stderr);
-	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-}
-
-pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options)
+pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options)
 {
 	HANDLE h = OpenProcess(SYNCHRONIZE | PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION,
 	    FALSE, pid);
diff --git a/compat/mingw.h b/compat/mingw.h
index fecf0d0..685cd2c 100644
--- a/compat/mingw.h
+++ b/compat/mingw.h
@@ -22,9 +22,10 @@
 #define S_IWOTH 0
 #define S_IXOTH 0
 #define S_IRWXO (S_IROTH | S_IWOTH | S_IXOTH)
-#define S_ISUID 0
-#define S_ISGID 0
-#define S_ISVTX 0
+
+#define S_ISUID 0004000
+#define S_ISGID 0002000
+#define S_ISVTX 0001000
 
 #define WIFEXITED(x) 1
 #define WIFSIGNALED(x) 0
@@ -54,8 +55,6 @@
 	char *pw_dir;
 };
 
-extern char *getpass(const char *prompt);
-
 typedef void (__cdecl *sig_handler_t)(int);
 struct sigaction {
 	sig_handler_t sa_handler;
@@ -120,7 +119,7 @@
 #define mkdir mingw_mkdir
 
 #define WNOHANG 1
-pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, unsigned options);
+pid_t waitpid(pid_t pid, int *status, int options);
 
 #define kill mingw_kill
 int mingw_kill(pid_t pid, int sig);
@@ -178,12 +177,18 @@
 ssize_t mingw_write(int fd, const void *buf, size_t count);
 #define write mingw_write
 
+int mingw_fgetc(FILE *stream);
+#define fgetc mingw_fgetc
+
 FILE *mingw_fopen (const char *filename, const char *otype);
 #define fopen mingw_fopen
 
 FILE *mingw_freopen (const char *filename, const char *otype, FILE *stream);
 #define freopen mingw_freopen
 
+int mingw_fflush(FILE *stream);
+#define fflush mingw_fflush
+
 char *mingw_getcwd(char *pointer, int len);
 #define getcwd mingw_getcwd
 
@@ -274,9 +279,9 @@
 pid_t mingw_spawnvpe(const char *cmd, const char **argv, char **env,
 		     const char *dir,
 		     int fhin, int fhout, int fherr);
-void mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv);
+int mingw_execvp(const char *cmd, char *const *argv);
 #define execvp mingw_execvp
-void mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv);
+int mingw_execv(const char *cmd, char *const *argv);
 #define execv mingw_execv
 
 static inline unsigned int git_ntohl(unsigned int x)
@@ -286,6 +291,9 @@
 sig_handler_t mingw_signal(int sig, sig_handler_t handler);
 #define signal mingw_signal
 
+int mingw_raise(int sig);
+#define raise mingw_raise
+
 /*
  * ANSI emulation wrappers
  */
diff --git a/compat/mkdir.c b/compat/mkdir.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9e253fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/mkdir.c
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+#undef mkdir
+
+/* for platforms that can't deal with a trailing '/' */
+int compat_mkdir_wo_trailing_slash(const char *dir, mode_t mode)
+{
+	int retval;
+	char *tmp_dir = NULL;
+	size_t len = strlen(dir);
+
+	if (len && dir[len-1] == '/') {
+		if ((tmp_dir = strdup(dir)) == NULL)
+			return -1;
+		tmp_dir[len-1] = '\0';
+	}
+	else
+		tmp_dir = (char *)dir;
+
+	retval = mkdir(tmp_dir, mode);
+	if (tmp_dir != dir)
+		free(tmp_dir);
+
+	return retval;
+}
diff --git a/compat/msvc.h b/compat/msvc.h
index a33b01c..aa4b563 100644
--- a/compat/msvc.h
+++ b/compat/msvc.h
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 #include <direct.h>
 #include <process.h>
 #include <malloc.h>
+#include <io.h>
 
 /* porting function */
 #define inline __inline
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
index 8763656..e46d8f1 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/Readme.txt
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for reporting this. Futher thanks to Aleksey Sanin.
  * Fixed realloc(0, <size>) segfaulting. Thanks to Dmitry Chichkov for
 reporting this.
- * Made config defines #ifndef so they can be overriden by the build system.
+ * Made config defines #ifndef so they can be overridden by the build system.
 Thanks to Aleksey Sanin for suggesting this.
  * Fixed deadlock in nedprealloc() due to unnecessary locking of preferred
 thread mspace when mspace_realloc() always uses the original block's mspace
diff --git a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
index d9a17a8..91c4e7f 100644
--- a/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
+++ b/compat/nedmalloc/nedmalloc.c
@@ -603,7 +603,10 @@
 		}
 		/* We really want to make sure this goes into memory now but we
 		have to be careful of breaking aliasing rules, so write it twice */
-		*((volatile struct malloc_state **) &p->m[end])=p->m[end]=temp;
+		{
+			volatile struct malloc_state **_m=(volatile struct malloc_state **) &p->m[end];
+			*_m=(p->m[end]=temp);
+		}
 		ACQUIRE_LOCK(&p->m[end]->mutex);
 		/*printf("Created mspace idx %d\n", end);*/
 		RELEASE_LOCK(&p->mutex);
diff --git a/compat/win32/sys/poll.c b/compat/poll/poll.c
similarity index 95%
rename from compat/win32/sys/poll.c
rename to compat/poll/poll.c
index 708a6c9..7d226ec 100644
--- a/compat/win32/sys/poll.c
+++ b/compat/poll/poll.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 /* Emulation for poll(2)
    Contributed by Paolo Bonzini.
 
-   Copyright 2001-2003, 2006-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+   Copyright 2001-2003, 2006-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 
    This file is part of gnulib.
 
@@ -24,10 +24,15 @@
 # pragma GCC diagnostic ignored "-Wtype-limits"
 #endif
 
-#include <malloc.h>
+#if defined(WIN32)
+# include <malloc.h>
+#endif
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include "poll.h"
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <poll.h>
+
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
 #include <assert.h>
@@ -45,7 +50,9 @@
 #else
 # include <sys/time.h>
 # include <sys/socket.h>
-# include <sys/select.h>
+# ifndef NO_SYS_SELECT_H
+#  include <sys/select.h>
+# endif
 # include <unistd.h>
 #endif
 
@@ -299,6 +306,10 @@
 	       || socket_errno == ECONNABORTED || socket_errno == ENETRESET)
 	happened |= POLLHUP;
 
+      /* some systems can't use recv() on non-socket, including HP NonStop */
+      else if (/* (r == -1) && */ socket_errno == ENOTSOCK)
+	happened |= (POLLIN | POLLRDNORM) & sought;
+
       else
 	happened |= POLLERR;
     }
@@ -314,10 +325,7 @@
 #endif /* !MinGW */
 
 int
-poll (pfd, nfd, timeout)
-     struct pollfd *pfd;
-     nfds_t nfd;
-     int timeout;
+poll (struct pollfd *pfd, nfds_t nfd, int timeout)
 {
 #ifndef WIN32_NATIVE
   fd_set rfds, wfds, efds;
@@ -349,7 +357,7 @@
 
   /* EFAULT is not necessary to implement, but let's do it in the
      simplest case. */
-  if (!pfd)
+  if (!pfd && nfd)
     {
       errno = EFAULT;
       return -1;
@@ -454,6 +462,7 @@
   if (!hEvent)
     hEvent = CreateEvent (NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
 
+restart:
   handle_array[0] = hEvent;
   nhandles = 1;
   FD_ZERO (&rfds);
@@ -594,6 +603,12 @@
 	rc++;
     }
 
+  if (!rc && timeout == INFTIM)
+    {
+      SwitchToThread();
+      goto restart;
+    }
+
   return rc;
 #endif
 }
diff --git a/compat/win32/sys/poll.h b/compat/poll/poll.h
similarity index 100%
rename from compat/win32/sys/poll.h
rename to compat/poll/poll.h
diff --git a/compat/precompose_utf8.c b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8cf5955
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/precompose_utf8.c
@@ -0,0 +1,184 @@
+/*
+ * Converts filenames from decomposed unicode into precomposed unicode.
+ * Used on MacOS X.
+ */
+
+#define PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_C
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "precompose_utf8.h"
+
+typedef char *iconv_ibp;
+static const char *repo_encoding = "UTF-8";
+static const char *path_encoding = "UTF-8-MAC";
+
+static size_t has_non_ascii(const char *s, size_t maxlen, size_t *strlen_c)
+{
+	const uint8_t *ptr = (const uint8_t *)s;
+	size_t strlen_chars = 0;
+	size_t ret = 0;
+
+	if (!ptr || !*ptr)
+		return 0;
+
+	while (*ptr && maxlen) {
+		if (*ptr & 0x80)
+			ret++;
+		strlen_chars++;
+		ptr++;
+		maxlen--;
+	}
+	if (strlen_c)
+		*strlen_c = strlen_chars;
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+
+void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(char *path, int len)
+{
+	static const char *auml_nfc = "\xc3\xa4";
+	static const char *auml_nfd = "\x61\xcc\x88";
+	int output_fd;
+	if (precomposed_unicode != -1)
+		return; /* We found it defined in the global config, respect it */
+	strcpy(path + len, auml_nfc);
+	output_fd = open(path, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_RDWR, 0600);
+	if (output_fd >= 0) {
+		close(output_fd);
+		strcpy(path + len, auml_nfd);
+		/* Indicate to the user, that we can configure it to true */
+		if (!access(path, R_OK))
+			git_config_set("core.precomposeunicode", "false");
+		/* To be backward compatible, set precomposed_unicode to 0 */
+		precomposed_unicode = 0;
+		strcpy(path + len, auml_nfc);
+		if (unlink(path))
+			die_errno(_("failed to unlink '%s'"), path);
+	}
+}
+
+
+void precompose_argv(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	int i = 0;
+	const char *oldarg;
+	char *newarg;
+	iconv_t ic_precompose;
+
+	if (precomposed_unicode != 1)
+		return;
+
+	ic_precompose = iconv_open(repo_encoding, path_encoding);
+	if (ic_precompose == (iconv_t) -1)
+		return;
+
+	while (i < argc) {
+		size_t namelen;
+		oldarg = argv[i];
+		if (has_non_ascii(oldarg, (size_t)-1, &namelen)) {
+			newarg = reencode_string_iconv(oldarg, namelen, ic_precompose);
+			if (newarg)
+				argv[i] = newarg;
+		}
+		i++;
+	}
+	iconv_close(ic_precompose);
+}
+
+
+PREC_DIR *precompose_utf8_opendir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	PREC_DIR *prec_dir = xmalloc(sizeof(PREC_DIR));
+	prec_dir->dirent_nfc = xmalloc(sizeof(dirent_prec_psx));
+	prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len = sizeof(prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_name);
+
+	prec_dir->dirp = opendir(dirname);
+	if (!prec_dir->dirp) {
+		free(prec_dir->dirent_nfc);
+		free(prec_dir);
+		return NULL;
+	} else {
+		int ret_errno = errno;
+		prec_dir->ic_precompose = iconv_open(repo_encoding, path_encoding);
+		/* if iconv_open() fails, die() in readdir() if needed */
+		errno = ret_errno;
+	}
+
+	return prec_dir;
+}
+
+struct dirent_prec_psx *precompose_utf8_readdir(PREC_DIR *prec_dir)
+{
+	struct dirent *res;
+	res = readdir(prec_dir->dirp);
+	if (res) {
+		size_t namelenz = strlen(res->d_name) + 1; /* \0 */
+		size_t new_maxlen = namelenz;
+
+		int ret_errno = errno;
+
+		if (new_maxlen > prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len) {
+			size_t new_len = sizeof(dirent_prec_psx) + new_maxlen -
+				sizeof(prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_name);
+
+			prec_dir->dirent_nfc = xrealloc(prec_dir->dirent_nfc, new_len);
+			prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len = new_maxlen;
+		}
+
+		prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_ino  = res->d_ino;
+		prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_type = res->d_type;
+
+		if ((precomposed_unicode == 1) && has_non_ascii(res->d_name, (size_t)-1, NULL)) {
+			if (prec_dir->ic_precompose == (iconv_t)-1) {
+				die("iconv_open(%s,%s) failed, but needed:\n"
+						"    precomposed unicode is not supported.\n"
+						"    If you wnat to use decomposed unicode, run\n"
+						"    \"git config core.precomposeunicode false\"\n",
+						repo_encoding, path_encoding);
+			} else {
+				iconv_ibp	cp = (iconv_ibp)res->d_name;
+				size_t inleft = namelenz;
+				char *outpos = &prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_name[0];
+				size_t outsz = prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len;
+				size_t cnt;
+				errno = 0;
+				cnt = iconv(prec_dir->ic_precompose, &cp, &inleft, &outpos, &outsz);
+				if (errno || inleft) {
+					/*
+					 * iconv() failed and errno could be E2BIG, EILSEQ, EINVAL, EBADF
+					 * MacOS X avoids illegal byte sequemces.
+					 * If they occur on a mounted drive (e.g. NFS) it is not worth to
+					 * die() for that, but rather let the user see the original name
+					*/
+					namelenz = 0; /* trigger strlcpy */
+				}
+			}
+		} else
+			namelenz = 0;
+
+		if (!namelenz)
+			strlcpy(prec_dir->dirent_nfc->d_name, res->d_name,
+							prec_dir->dirent_nfc->max_name_len);
+
+		errno = ret_errno;
+		return prec_dir->dirent_nfc;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+
+int precompose_utf8_closedir(PREC_DIR *prec_dir)
+{
+	int ret_value;
+	int ret_errno;
+	ret_value = closedir(prec_dir->dirp);
+	ret_errno = errno;
+	if (prec_dir->ic_precompose != (iconv_t)-1)
+		iconv_close(prec_dir->ic_precompose);
+	free(prec_dir->dirent_nfc);
+	free(prec_dir);
+	errno = ret_errno;
+	return ret_value;
+}
diff --git a/compat/precompose_utf8.h b/compat/precompose_utf8.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3b73585
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/precompose_utf8.h
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#ifndef PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <dirent.h>
+#include <iconv.h>
+
+
+typedef struct dirent_prec_psx {
+	ino_t d_ino;            /* Posix */
+	size_t max_name_len;    /* See below */
+	unsigned char d_type;   /* available on all systems git runs on */
+
+	/*
+	 * See http://pubs.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/basedefs/dirent.h.html
+	 * NAME_MAX + 1 should be enough, but some systems have
+	 * NAME_MAX=255 and strlen(d_name) may return 508 or 510
+	 * Solution: allocate more when needed, see precompose_utf8_readdir()
+	 */
+	char   d_name[NAME_MAX+1];
+} dirent_prec_psx;
+
+
+typedef struct {
+	iconv_t ic_precompose;
+	DIR *dirp;
+	struct dirent_prec_psx *dirent_nfc;
+} PREC_DIR;
+
+void precompose_argv(int argc, const char **argv);
+void probe_utf8_pathname_composition(char *, int);
+
+PREC_DIR *precompose_utf8_opendir(const char *dirname);
+struct dirent_prec_psx *precompose_utf8_readdir(PREC_DIR *dirp);
+int precompose_utf8_closedir(PREC_DIR *dirp);
+
+#ifndef PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_C
+#define dirent dirent_prec_psx
+#define opendir(n) precompose_utf8_opendir(n)
+#define readdir(d) precompose_utf8_readdir(d)
+#define closedir(d) precompose_utf8_closedir(d)
+#define DIR PREC_DIR
+#endif /* PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_C */
+
+#define  PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H
+#endif /* PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE_H */
diff --git a/compat/setenv.c b/compat/setenv.c
index 3a22ea7..fc1439a 100644
--- a/compat/setenv.c
+++ b/compat/setenv.c
@@ -6,7 +6,10 @@
 	size_t namelen, valuelen;
 	char *envstr;
 
-	if (!name || !value) return -1;
+	if (!name || strchr(name, '=') || !value) {
+		errno = EINVAL;
+		return -1;
+	}
 	if (!replace) {
 		char *oldval = NULL;
 		oldval = getenv(name);
@@ -16,7 +19,10 @@
 	namelen = strlen(name);
 	valuelen = strlen(value);
 	envstr = malloc((namelen + valuelen + 2));
-	if (!envstr) return -1;
+	if (!envstr) {
+		errno = ENOMEM;
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	memcpy(envstr, name, namelen);
 	envstr[namelen] = '=';
diff --git a/compat/snprintf.c b/compat/snprintf.c
index e1e0e75..42ea1ac 100644
--- a/compat/snprintf.c
+++ b/compat/snprintf.c
@@ -19,11 +19,14 @@
 #undef vsnprintf
 int git_vsnprintf(char *str, size_t maxsize, const char *format, va_list ap)
 {
+	va_list cp;
 	char *s;
 	int ret = -1;
 
 	if (maxsize > 0) {
-		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, ap);
+		va_copy(cp, ap);
+		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, cp);
+		va_end(cp);
 		if (ret == maxsize-1)
 			ret = -1;
 		/* Windows does not NUL-terminate if result fills buffer */
@@ -42,7 +45,9 @@
 		if (! str)
 			break;
 		s = str;
-		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, ap);
+		va_copy(cp, ap);
+		ret = vsnprintf(str, maxsize-SNPRINTF_SIZE_CORR, format, cp);
+		va_end(cp);
 		if (ret == maxsize-1)
 			ret = -1;
 	}
diff --git a/compat/strtoimax.c b/compat/strtoimax.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ac09ed8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/strtoimax.c
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#include "../git-compat-util.h"
+
+intmax_t gitstrtoimax (const char *nptr, char **endptr, int base)
+{
+#if defined(NO_STRTOULL)
+	return strtol(nptr, endptr, base);
+#else
+	return strtoll(nptr, endptr, base);
+#endif
+}
diff --git a/compat/terminal.c b/compat/terminal.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9b5e3d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/terminal.c
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "compat/terminal.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+#if defined(HAVE_DEV_TTY) || defined(WIN32)
+
+static void restore_term(void);
+
+static void restore_term_on_signal(int sig)
+{
+	restore_term();
+	sigchain_pop(sig);
+	raise(sig);
+}
+
+#ifdef HAVE_DEV_TTY
+
+#define INPUT_PATH "/dev/tty"
+#define OUTPUT_PATH "/dev/tty"
+
+static int term_fd = -1;
+static struct termios old_term;
+
+static void restore_term(void)
+{
+	if (term_fd < 0)
+		return;
+
+	tcsetattr(term_fd, TCSAFLUSH, &old_term);
+	close(term_fd);
+	term_fd = -1;
+}
+
+static int disable_echo(void)
+{
+	struct termios t;
+
+	term_fd = open("/dev/tty", O_RDWR);
+	if (tcgetattr(term_fd, &t) < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	old_term = t;
+	sigchain_push_common(restore_term_on_signal);
+
+	t.c_lflag &= ~ECHO;
+	if (!tcsetattr(term_fd, TCSAFLUSH, &t))
+		return 0;
+
+error:
+	close(term_fd);
+	term_fd = -1;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+#elif defined(WIN32)
+
+#define INPUT_PATH "CONIN$"
+#define OUTPUT_PATH "CONOUT$"
+#define FORCE_TEXT "t"
+
+static HANDLE hconin = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+static DWORD cmode;
+
+static void restore_term(void)
+{
+	if (hconin == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		return;
+
+	SetConsoleMode(hconin, cmode);
+	CloseHandle(hconin);
+	hconin = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+}
+
+static int disable_echo(void)
+{
+	hconin = CreateFile("CONIN$", GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE,
+	    FILE_SHARE_READ, NULL, OPEN_EXISTING,
+	    FILE_ATTRIBUTE_NORMAL, NULL);
+	if (hconin == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+		return -1;
+
+	GetConsoleMode(hconin, &cmode);
+	sigchain_push_common(restore_term_on_signal);
+	if (!SetConsoleMode(hconin, cmode & (~ENABLE_ECHO_INPUT))) {
+		CloseHandle(hconin);
+		hconin = INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+#endif
+
+#ifndef FORCE_TEXT
+#define FORCE_TEXT
+#endif
+
+char *git_terminal_prompt(const char *prompt, int echo)
+{
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int r;
+	FILE *input_fh, *output_fh;
+
+	input_fh = fopen(INPUT_PATH, "r" FORCE_TEXT);
+	if (!input_fh)
+		return NULL;
+
+	output_fh = fopen(OUTPUT_PATH, "w" FORCE_TEXT);
+	if (!output_fh) {
+		fclose(input_fh);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (!echo && disable_echo()) {
+		fclose(input_fh);
+		fclose(output_fh);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	fputs(prompt, output_fh);
+	fflush(output_fh);
+
+	r = strbuf_getline(&buf, input_fh, '\n');
+	if (!echo) {
+		putc('\n', output_fh);
+		fflush(output_fh);
+	}
+
+	restore_term();
+	fclose(input_fh);
+	fclose(output_fh);
+
+	if (r == EOF)
+		return NULL;
+	return buf.buf;
+}
+
+#else
+
+char *git_terminal_prompt(const char *prompt, int echo)
+{
+	return getpass(prompt);
+}
+
+#endif
diff --git a/compat/terminal.h b/compat/terminal.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97db7cd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/compat/terminal.h
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+#ifndef COMPAT_TERMINAL_H
+#define COMPAT_TERMINAL_H
+
+char *git_terminal_prompt(const char *prompt, int echo);
+
+#endif /* COMPAT_TERMINAL_H */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/arpa/inet.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/grp.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/inttypes.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/netdb.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/in.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/netinet/tcp.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/pwd.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/ioctl.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/select.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/socket.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/sys/wait.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/vcbuild/include/termios.h b/compat/vcbuild/include/termios.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 0d8552a..0000000
--- a/compat/vcbuild/include/termios.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-/* Intentionally empty file to support building git with MSVC */
diff --git a/compat/win32/pthread.h b/compat/win32/pthread.h
index 2e20548..8ad1873 100644
--- a/compat/win32/pthread.h
+++ b/compat/win32/pthread.h
@@ -86,6 +86,11 @@
 	return (*keyp = TlsAlloc()) == TLS_OUT_OF_INDEXES ? EAGAIN : 0;
 }
 
+static inline int pthread_key_delete(pthread_key_t key)
+{
+	return TlsFree(key) ? 0 : EINVAL;
+}
+
 static inline int pthread_setspecific(pthread_key_t key, const void *value)
 {
 	return TlsSetValue(key, (void *)value) ? 0 : EINVAL;
diff --git a/compat/win32mmap.c b/compat/win32mmap.c
index b58aa69..61d2ef8 100644
--- a/compat/win32mmap.c
+++ b/compat/win32mmap.c
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
 	temp = MapViewOfFileEx(hmap, FILE_MAP_COPY, h, l, length, start);
 
 	if (!CloseHandle(hmap))
-		warning("unable to close file mapping handle\n");
+		warning("unable to close file mapping handle");
 
 	return temp ? temp : MAP_FAILED;
 }
diff --git a/config.c b/config.c
index edf9914..aefd80b 100644
--- a/config.c
+++ b/config.c
@@ -10,8 +10,6 @@
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "quote.h"
 
-#define MAXNAME (256)
-
 typedef struct config_file {
 	struct config_file *prev;
 	FILE *f;
@@ -19,14 +17,81 @@
 	int linenr;
 	int eof;
 	struct strbuf value;
-	char var[MAXNAME];
+	struct strbuf var;
 } config_file;
 
 static config_file *cf;
 
 static int zlib_compression_seen;
 
-const char *config_exclusive_filename = NULL;
+#define MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH 10
+static const char include_depth_advice[] =
+"exceeded maximum include depth (%d) while including\n"
+"	%s\n"
+"from\n"
+"	%s\n"
+"Do you have circular includes?";
+static int handle_path_include(const char *path, struct config_include_data *inc)
+{
+	int ret = 0;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *expanded = expand_user_path(path);
+
+	if (!expanded)
+		return error("Could not expand include path '%s'", path);
+	path = expanded;
+
+	/*
+	 * Use an absolute path as-is, but interpret relative paths
+	 * based on the including config file.
+	 */
+	if (!is_absolute_path(path)) {
+		char *slash;
+
+		if (!cf || !cf->name)
+			return error("relative config includes must come from files");
+
+		slash = find_last_dir_sep(cf->name);
+		if (slash)
+			strbuf_add(&buf, cf->name, slash - cf->name + 1);
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, path);
+		path = buf.buf;
+	}
+
+	if (!access_or_die(path, R_OK)) {
+		if (++inc->depth > MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH)
+			die(include_depth_advice, MAX_INCLUDE_DEPTH, path,
+			    cf && cf->name ? cf->name : "the command line");
+		ret = git_config_from_file(git_config_include, path, inc);
+		inc->depth--;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	free(expanded);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int git_config_include(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct config_include_data *inc = data;
+	const char *type;
+	int ret;
+
+	/*
+	 * Pass along all values, including "include" directives; this makes it
+	 * possible to query information on the includes themselves.
+	 */
+	ret = inc->fn(var, value, inc->data);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	type = skip_prefix(var, "include.");
+	if (!type)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (!strcmp(type, "path"))
+		ret = handle_path_include(value, inc);
+	return ret;
+}
 
 static void lowercase(char *p)
 {
@@ -135,8 +200,10 @@
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
 		if (c == '\n') {
-			if (quote)
+			if (quote) {
+				cf->linenr--;
 				return NULL;
+			}
 			return cf->value.buf;
 		}
 		if (comment)
@@ -191,7 +258,7 @@
 	return isalnum(c) || c == '-';
 }
 
-static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, void *data, char *name, unsigned int len)
+static int get_value(config_fn_t fn, void *data, struct strbuf *name)
 {
 	int c;
 	char *value;
@@ -203,11 +270,9 @@
 			break;
 		if (!iskeychar(c))
 			break;
-		name[len++] = tolower(c);
-		if (len >= MAXNAME)
-			return -1;
+		strbuf_addch(name, tolower(c));
 	}
-	name[len] = 0;
+
 	while (c == ' ' || c == '\t')
 		c = get_next_char();
 
@@ -219,61 +284,58 @@
 		if (!value)
 			return -1;
 	}
-	return fn(name, value, data);
+	return fn(name->buf, value, data);
 }
 
-static int get_extended_base_var(char *name, int baselen, int c)
+static int get_extended_base_var(struct strbuf *name, int c)
 {
 	do {
 		if (c == '\n')
-			return -1;
+			goto error_incomplete_line;
 		c = get_next_char();
 	} while (isspace(c));
 
 	/* We require the format to be '[base "extension"]' */
 	if (c != '"')
 		return -1;
-	name[baselen++] = '.';
+	strbuf_addch(name, '.');
 
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
 		if (c == '\n')
-			return -1;
+			goto error_incomplete_line;
 		if (c == '"')
 			break;
 		if (c == '\\') {
 			c = get_next_char();
 			if (c == '\n')
-				return -1;
+				goto error_incomplete_line;
 		}
-		name[baselen++] = c;
-		if (baselen > MAXNAME / 2)
-			return -1;
+		strbuf_addch(name, c);
 	}
 
 	/* Final ']' */
 	if (get_next_char() != ']')
 		return -1;
-	return baselen;
+	return 0;
+error_incomplete_line:
+	cf->linenr--;
+	return -1;
 }
 
-static int get_base_var(char *name)
+static int get_base_var(struct strbuf *name)
 {
-	int baselen = 0;
-
 	for (;;) {
 		int c = get_next_char();
 		if (cf->eof)
 			return -1;
 		if (c == ']')
-			return baselen;
+			return 0;
 		if (isspace(c))
-			return get_extended_base_var(name, baselen, c);
+			return get_extended_base_var(name, c);
 		if (!iskeychar(c) && c != '.')
 			return -1;
-		if (baselen > MAXNAME / 2)
-			return -1;
-		name[baselen++] = tolower(c);
+		strbuf_addch(name, tolower(c));
 	}
 }
 
@@ -281,7 +343,7 @@
 {
 	int comment = 0;
 	int baselen = 0;
-	char *var = cf->var;
+	struct strbuf *var = &cf->var;
 
 	/* U+FEFF Byte Order Mark in UTF8 */
 	static const unsigned char *utf8_bom = (unsigned char *) "\xef\xbb\xbf";
@@ -317,23 +379,30 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (c == '[') {
-			baselen = get_base_var(var);
-			if (baselen <= 0)
+			/* Reset prior to determining a new stem */
+			strbuf_reset(var);
+			if (get_base_var(var) < 0 || var->len < 1)
 				break;
-			var[baselen++] = '.';
-			var[baselen] = 0;
+			strbuf_addch(var, '.');
+			baselen = var->len;
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!isalpha(c))
 			break;
-		var[baselen] = tolower(c);
-		if (get_value(fn, data, var, baselen+1) < 0)
+		/*
+		 * Truncate the var name back to the section header
+		 * stem prior to grabbing the suffix part of the name
+		 * and the value.
+		 */
+		strbuf_setlen(var, baselen);
+		strbuf_addch(var, tolower(c));
+		if (get_value(fn, data, var) < 0)
 			break;
 	}
 	die("bad config file line %d in %s", cf->linenr, cf->name);
 }
 
-static int parse_unit_factor(const char *end, unsigned long *val)
+static int parse_unit_factor(const char *end, uintmax_t *val)
 {
 	if (!*end)
 		return 1;
@@ -356,11 +425,23 @@
 {
 	if (value && *value) {
 		char *end;
-		long val = strtol(value, &end, 0);
-		unsigned long factor = 1;
+		intmax_t val;
+		uintmax_t uval;
+		uintmax_t factor = 1;
+
+		errno = 0;
+		val = strtoimax(value, &end, 0);
+		if (errno == ERANGE)
+			return 0;
 		if (!parse_unit_factor(end, &factor))
 			return 0;
-		*ret = val * factor;
+		uval = abs(val);
+		uval *= factor;
+		if ((uval > maximum_signed_value_of_type(long)) ||
+		    (abs(val) > uval))
+			return 0;
+		val *= factor;
+		*ret = val;
 		return 1;
 	}
 	return 0;
@@ -370,9 +451,19 @@
 {
 	if (value && *value) {
 		char *end;
-		unsigned long val = strtoul(value, &end, 0);
+		uintmax_t val;
+		uintmax_t oldval;
+
+		errno = 0;
+		val = strtoumax(value, &end, 0);
+		if (errno == ERANGE)
+			return 0;
+		oldval = val;
 		if (!parse_unit_factor(end, &val))
 			return 0;
+		if ((val > maximum_unsigned_value_of_type(long)) ||
+		    (oldval > val))
+			return 0;
 		*ret = val;
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -475,6 +566,12 @@
 		trust_ctime = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.statinfo")) {
+		if (!strcasecmp(value, "default"))
+			check_stat = 1;
+		else if (!strcasecmp(value, "minimal"))
+			check_stat = 0;
+	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.quotepath")) {
 		quote_path_fully = git_config_bool(var, value);
@@ -553,7 +650,7 @@
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.packedgitwindowsize")) {
 		int pgsz_x2 = getpagesize() * 2;
-		packed_git_window_size = git_config_int(var, value);
+		packed_git_window_size = git_config_ulong(var, value);
 
 		/* This value must be multiple of (pagesize * 2) */
 		packed_git_window_size /= pgsz_x2;
@@ -564,18 +661,17 @@
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.bigfilethreshold")) {
-		long n = git_config_int(var, value);
-		big_file_threshold = 0 < n ? n : 0;
+		big_file_threshold = git_config_ulong(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.packedgitlimit")) {
-		packed_git_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		packed_git_limit = git_config_ulong(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.deltabasecachelimit")) {
-		delta_base_cache_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		delta_base_cache_limit = git_config_ulong(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -627,6 +723,14 @@
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.editor"))
 		return git_config_string(&editor_program, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.commentchar")) {
+		const char *comment;
+		int ret = git_config_string(&comment, var, value);
+		if (!ret)
+			comment_line_char = comment[0];
+		return ret;
+	}
+
 	if (!strcmp(var, "core.askpass"))
 		return git_config_string(&askpass_program, var, value);
 
@@ -665,25 +769,8 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
-	return 0;
-}
-
-static int git_default_user_config(const char *var, const char *value)
-{
-	if (!strcmp(var, "user.name")) {
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		strlcpy(git_default_name, value, sizeof(git_default_name));
-		user_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
-		return 0;
-	}
-
-	if (!strcmp(var, "user.email")) {
-		if (!value)
-			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		strlcpy(git_default_email, value, sizeof(git_default_email));
-		user_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+	if (!strcmp(var, "core.precomposeunicode")) {
+		precomposed_unicode = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
@@ -742,6 +829,8 @@
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_NOTHING;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "matching"))
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+		else if (!strcmp(value, "simple"))
+			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_SIMPLE;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "upstream"))
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_UPSTREAM;
 		else if (!strcmp(value, "tracking")) /* deprecated */
@@ -750,8 +839,8 @@
 			push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_CURRENT;
 		else {
 			error("Malformed value for %s: %s", var, value);
-			return error("Must be one of nothing, matching, "
-				     "tracking or current.");
+			return error("Must be one of nothing, matching, simple, "
+				     "upstream or current.");
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -764,6 +853,8 @@
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.file"))
 		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_file, var, value);
+	if (!strcmp(var, "mailmap.blob"))
+		return git_config_string(&git_mailmap_blob, var, value);
 
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
@@ -775,7 +866,7 @@
 		return git_default_core_config(var, value);
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "user."))
-		return git_default_user_config(var, value);
+		return git_ident_config(var, value, dummy);
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "i18n."))
 		return git_default_i18n_config(var, value);
@@ -797,6 +888,10 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "pack.packsizelimit")) {
+		pack_size_limit_cfg = git_config_ulong(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	/* Add other config variables here and to Documentation/config.txt. */
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -817,12 +912,14 @@
 		top.linenr = 1;
 		top.eof = 0;
 		strbuf_init(&top.value, 1024);
+		strbuf_init(&top.var, 1024);
 		cf = &top;
 
 		ret = git_parse_file(fn, data);
 
 		/* pop config-file parsing state stack */
 		strbuf_release(&top.value);
+		strbuf_release(&top.var);
 		cf = top.prev;
 
 		fclose(f);
@@ -852,28 +949,28 @@
 int git_config_early(config_fn_t fn, void *data, const char *repo_config)
 {
 	int ret = 0, found = 0;
-	const char *home = NULL;
+	char *xdg_config = NULL;
+	char *user_config = NULL;
 
-	/* Setting $GIT_CONFIG makes git read _only_ the given config file. */
-	if (config_exclusive_filename)
-		return git_config_from_file(fn, config_exclusive_filename, data);
-	if (git_config_system() && !access(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK)) {
+	home_config_paths(&user_config, &xdg_config, "config");
+
+	if (git_config_system() && !access_or_die(git_etc_gitconfig(), R_OK)) {
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, git_etc_gitconfig(),
 					    data);
 		found += 1;
 	}
 
-	home = getenv("HOME");
-	if (home) {
-		char *user_config = xstrdup(mkpath("%s/.gitconfig", home));
-		if (!access(user_config, R_OK)) {
-			ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
-			found += 1;
-		}
-		free(user_config);
+	if (xdg_config && !access_or_die(xdg_config, R_OK)) {
+		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, xdg_config, data);
+		found += 1;
 	}
 
-	if (repo_config && !access(repo_config, R_OK)) {
+	if (user_config && !access_or_die(user_config, R_OK)) {
+		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, user_config, data);
+		found += 1;
+	}
+
+	if (repo_config && !access_or_die(repo_config, R_OK)) {
 		ret += git_config_from_file(fn, repo_config, data);
 		found += 1;
 	}
@@ -889,13 +986,31 @@
 		break;
 	}
 
+	free(xdg_config);
+	free(user_config);
 	return ret == 0 ? found : ret;
 }
 
-int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+int git_config_with_options(config_fn_t fn, void *data,
+			    const char *filename, int respect_includes)
 {
 	char *repo_config = NULL;
 	int ret;
+	struct config_include_data inc = CONFIG_INCLUDE_INIT;
+
+	if (respect_includes) {
+		inc.fn = fn;
+		inc.data = data;
+		fn = git_config_include;
+		data = &inc;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have a specific filename, use it. Otherwise, follow the
+	 * regular lookup sequence.
+	 */
+	if (filename)
+		return git_config_from_file(fn, filename, data);
 
 	repo_config = git_pathdup("config");
 	ret = git_config_early(fn, data, repo_config);
@@ -904,6 +1019,11 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int git_config(config_fn_t fn, void *data)
+{
+	return git_config_with_options(fn, data, NULL, 1);
+}
+
 /*
  * Find all the stuff for git_config_set() below.
  */
@@ -1175,6 +1295,7 @@
 
 out_free_ret_1:
 	free(*store_key);
+	*store_key = NULL;
 	return -CONFIG_INVALID_KEY;
 }
 
@@ -1208,6 +1329,7 @@
 	int fd = -1, in_fd;
 	int ret;
 	struct lock_file *lock = NULL;
+	char *filename_buf = NULL;
 
 	/* parse-key returns negative; flip the sign to feed exit(3) */
 	ret = 0 - git_config_parse_key(key, &store.key, &store.baselen);
@@ -1216,6 +1338,8 @@
 
 	store.multi_replace = multi_replace;
 
+	if (!config_filename)
+		config_filename = filename_buf = git_pathdup("config");
 
 	/*
 	 * The lock serves a purpose in addition to locking: the new
@@ -1385,6 +1509,7 @@
 out_free:
 	if (lock)
 		rollback_lock_file(lock);
+	free(filename_buf);
 	return ret;
 
 write_err_out:
@@ -1396,19 +1521,8 @@
 int git_config_set_multivar(const char *key, const char *value,
 			const char *value_regex, int multi_replace)
 {
-	const char *config_filename;
-	char *buf = NULL;
-	int ret;
-
-	if (config_exclusive_filename)
-		config_filename = config_exclusive_filename;
-	else
-		config_filename = buf = git_pathdup("config");
-
-	ret = git_config_set_multivar_in_file(config_filename, key, value,
-					value_regex, multi_replace);
-	free(buf);
-	return ret;
+	return git_config_set_multivar_in_file(NULL, key, value, value_regex,
+					       multi_replace);
 }
 
 static int section_name_match (const char *buf, const char *name)
@@ -1450,20 +1564,42 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int section_name_is_ok(const char *name)
+{
+	/* Empty section names are bogus. */
+	if (!*name)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Before a dot, we must be alphanumeric or dash. After the first dot,
+	 * anything goes, so we can stop checking.
+	 */
+	for (; *name && *name != '.'; name++)
+		if (*name != '-' && !isalnum(*name))
+			return 0;
+	return 1;
+}
+
 /* if new_name == NULL, the section is removed instead */
-int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+int git_config_rename_section_in_file(const char *config_filename,
+				      const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
 {
 	int ret = 0, remove = 0;
-	char *config_filename;
-	struct lock_file *lock = xcalloc(sizeof(struct lock_file), 1);
+	char *filename_buf = NULL;
+	struct lock_file *lock;
 	int out_fd;
 	char buf[1024];
 	FILE *config_file;
 
-	if (config_exclusive_filename)
-		config_filename = xstrdup(config_exclusive_filename);
-	else
-		config_filename = git_pathdup("config");
+	if (new_name && !section_name_is_ok(new_name)) {
+		ret = error("invalid section name: %s", new_name);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	if (!config_filename)
+		config_filename = filename_buf = git_pathdup("config");
+
+	lock = xcalloc(sizeof(struct lock_file), 1);
 	out_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(lock, config_filename, 0);
 	if (out_fd < 0) {
 		ret = error("could not lock config file %s", config_filename);
@@ -1527,15 +1663,54 @@
 	if (commit_lock_file(lock) < 0)
 		ret = error("could not commit config file %s", config_filename);
 out:
-	free(config_filename);
+	free(filename_buf);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int git_config_rename_section(const char *old_name, const char *new_name)
+{
+	return git_config_rename_section_in_file(NULL, old_name, new_name);
+}
+
 /*
  * Call this to report error for your variable that should not
  * get a boolean value (i.e. "[my] var" means "true").
  */
+#undef config_error_nonbool
 int config_error_nonbool(const char *var)
 {
 	return error("Missing value for '%s'", var);
 }
+
+int parse_config_key(const char *var,
+		     const char *section,
+		     const char **subsection, int *subsection_len,
+		     const char **key)
+{
+	int section_len = strlen(section);
+	const char *dot;
+
+	/* Does it start with "section." ? */
+	if (prefixcmp(var, section) || var[section_len] != '.')
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Find the key; we don't know yet if we have a subsection, but we must
+	 * parse backwards from the end, since the subsection may have dots in
+	 * it, too.
+	 */
+	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
+	*key = dot + 1;
+
+	/* Did we have a subsection at all? */
+	if (dot == var + section_len) {
+		*subsection = NULL;
+		*subsection_len = 0;
+	}
+	else {
+		*subsection = var + section_len + 1;
+		*subsection_len = dot - *subsection;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/config.mak.in b/config.mak.in
index ab37101..e8a9bb4 100644
--- a/config.mak.in
+++ b/config.mak.in
@@ -5,12 +5,10 @@
 CFLAGS = @CFLAGS@
 CPPFLAGS = @CPPFLAGS@
 LDFLAGS = @LDFLAGS@
-CC_LD_DYNPATH = @CC_LD_DYNPATH@
 AR = @AR@
 TAR = @TAR@
 DIFF = @DIFF@
 #INSTALL = @INSTALL@		# needs install-sh or install.sh in sources
-TCLTK_PATH = @TCLTK_PATH@
 
 prefix = @prefix@
 exec_prefix = @exec_prefix@
@@ -20,54 +18,10 @@
 template_dir = @datadir@/git-core/templates
 sysconfdir = @sysconfdir@
 
-mandir=@mandir@
+mandir = @mandir@
 
 srcdir = @srcdir@
 VPATH = @srcdir@
 
 export exec_prefix mandir
 export srcdir VPATH
-
-ASCIIDOC7=@ASCIIDOC7@
-NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=@NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO@
-NO_OPENSSL=@NO_OPENSSL@
-NO_CURL=@NO_CURL@
-NO_EXPAT=@NO_EXPAT@
-NO_LIBGEN_H=@NO_LIBGEN_H@
-HAVE_PATHS_H=@HAVE_PATHS_H@
-NEEDS_LIBICONV=@NEEDS_LIBICONV@
-NEEDS_SOCKET=@NEEDS_SOCKET@
-NEEDS_RESOLV=@NEEDS_RESOLV@
-NEEDS_LIBGEN=@NEEDS_LIBGEN@
-NO_SYS_SELECT_H=@NO_SYS_SELECT_H@
-NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT@
-NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=@NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT@
-NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE=@NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE@
-NO_IPV6=@NO_IPV6@
-NO_HSTRERROR=@NO_HSTRERROR@
-NO_STRCASESTR=@NO_STRCASESTR@
-NO_STRTOK_R=@NO_STRTOK_R@
-NO_FNMATCH=@NO_FNMATCH@
-NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD=@NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD@
-NO_MEMMEM=@NO_MEMMEM@
-NO_STRLCPY=@NO_STRLCPY@
-NO_UINTMAX_T=@NO_UINTMAX_T@
-NO_STRTOUMAX=@NO_STRTOUMAX@
-NO_SETENV=@NO_SETENV@
-NO_UNSETENV=@NO_UNSETENV@
-NO_MKDTEMP=@NO_MKDTEMP@
-NO_MKSTEMPS=@NO_MKSTEMPS@
-NO_INET_NTOP=@NO_INET_NTOP@
-NO_INET_PTON=@NO_INET_PTON@
-NO_ICONV=@NO_ICONV@
-OLD_ICONV=@OLD_ICONV@
-NO_REGEX=@NO_REGEX@
-USE_LIBPCRE=@USE_LIBPCRE@
-NO_DEFLATE_BOUND=@NO_DEFLATE_BOUND@
-INLINE=@INLINE@
-SOCKLEN_T=@SOCKLEN_T@
-FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=@FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES@
-SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=@SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS@
-NO_PTHREADS=@NO_PTHREADS@
-PTHREAD_CFLAGS=@PTHREAD_CFLAGS@
-PTHREAD_LIBS=@PTHREAD_LIBS@
diff --git a/config.mak.uname b/config.mak.uname
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bea34f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/config.mak.uname
@@ -0,0 +1,539 @@
+# Platform specific Makefile tweaks based on uname detection
+
+uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_M := $(shell sh -c 'uname -m 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_O := $(shell sh -c 'uname -o 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_R := $(shell sh -c 'uname -r 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_P := $(shell sh -c 'uname -p 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+uname_V := $(shell sh -c 'uname -v 2>/dev/null || echo not')
+
+ifdef MSVC
+	# avoid the MingW and Cygwin configuration sections
+	uname_S := Windows
+	uname_O := Windows
+endif
+
+# We choose to avoid "if .. else if .. else .. endif endif"
+# because maintaining the nesting to match is a pain.  If
+# we had "elif" things would have been much nicer...
+
+ifeq ($(uname_M),x86_64)
+	XDL_FAST_HASH = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),OSF1)
+	# Need this for u_short definitions et al
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_OSF_SOURCE
+	SOCKLEN_T = int
+	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Linux)
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU/kFreeBSD)
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),UnixWare)
+	CC = cc
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),SCO_SV)
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.2)
+		CFLAGS = -O2
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5)
+		CC = cc
+		BASIC_CFLAGS += -Kthread
+	endif
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/bin/bash
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	INSTALL = ginstall
+	TAR = gtar
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Darwin)
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15678]\.'),2)
+		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[15]\.'),2)
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	endif
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/precompose_utf8.o
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -DPRECOMPOSE_UNICODE
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),SunOS)
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_NSL = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /bin/bash
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/xpg6/bin:/usr/xpg4/bin
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_MSGFMT_EXTENDED_OPTIONS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_DEV_TTY = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.6)
+		SOCKLEN_T = int
+		NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.7)
+		NEEDS_RESOLV = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.8)
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.9)
+		NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+		GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+	endif
+	INSTALL = /usr/ucb/install
+	TAR = gtar
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D__EXTENSIONS__ -D__sun__ -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_O),Cygwin)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '1\.[1-6]\.'),4)
+		NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+		NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+		NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+		NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+		NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+		NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+		NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+		OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+		CYGWIN_V15_WIN32API = YesPlease
+	endif
+	NO_THREAD_SAFE_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_TRUSTABLE_FILEMODE = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	# There are conflicting reports about this.
+	# On some boxes NO_MMAP is needed, and not so elsewhere.
+	# Try commenting this out if you suspect MMAP is more efficient
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	X = .exe
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/cygwin.o
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SPARSE_FLAGS = -isystem /usr/include/w32api -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),FreeBSD)
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	DIR_HAS_BSD_GROUP_SEMANTICS = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '4\.'),2)
+		PTHREAD_LIBS = -pthread
+		NO_UINTMAX_T = YesPlease
+		NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	endif
+	PYTHON_PATH = /usr/local/bin/python
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),OpenBSD)
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/local/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/local/lib
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),NetBSD)
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_R)" : '[01]\.'),2)
+		NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	endif
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -I/usr/pkg/include
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -L/usr/pkg/lib $(CC_LD_DYNPATH)/usr/pkg/lib
+	USE_ST_TIMESPEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),AIX)
+	DEFAULT_PAGER = more
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -D_LARGE_FILES
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V)" : '[1234]'),1)
+		NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	else
+		PTHREAD_LIBS = -lpthread
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(shell expr "$(uname_V).$(uname_R)" : '5\.1'),3)
+		INLINE = ''
+	endif
+	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),GNU)
+	# GNU/Hurd
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	HAVE_PATHS_H = YesPlease
+	LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),IRIX64)
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	# When compiled with the MIPSpro 7.4.4m compiler, and without pthreads
+	# (i.e. NO_PTHREADS is set), and _with_ MMAP (i.e. NO_MMAP is not set),
+	# git dies with a segmentation fault when trying to access the first
+	# entry of a reflog.  The conservative choice is made to always set
+	# NO_MMAP.  If you suspect that your compiler is not affected by this
+	# issue, comment out the NO_MMAP statement.
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/gnu/bin/bash
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN = YesPlease
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),HP-UX)
+	INLINE = __inline
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.11.00)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),B.10.20)
+		# Override HP-UX 11.x setting:
+		INLINE =
+		SOCKLEN_T = size_t
+		NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	endif
+	GIT_TEST_CMP = cmp
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Windows)
+	GIT_VERSION := $(GIT_VERSION).MSVC
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	# NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOULL = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	# USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NATIVE_CRLF = YesPlease
+	DEFAULT_HELP_FORMAT = html
+
+	CC = compat/vcbuild/scripts/clink.pl
+	AR = compat/vcbuild/scripts/lib.pl
+	CFLAGS =
+	BASIC_CFLAGS = -nologo -I. -I../zlib -Icompat/vcbuild -Icompat/vcbuild/include -DWIN32 -D_CONSOLE -DHAVE_STRING_H -D_CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS -D_CRT_NONSTDC_NO_DEPRECATE
+	COMPAT_OBJS = compat/msvc.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/dirent.o
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS = -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -DHAVE_STRING_H -DHAVE_ALLOCA_H -Icompat -Icompat/regex -Icompat/win32 -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS = -IGNORE:4217 -IGNORE:4049 -NOLOGO -SUBSYSTEM:CONSOLE -NODEFAULTLIB:MSVCRT.lib
+	EXTLIBS = user32.lib advapi32.lib shell32.lib wininet.lib ws2_32.lib
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
+	lib =
+ifndef DEBUG
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -GL -Os -MT
+	BASIC_LDFLAGS += -LTCG
+	AR += -LTCG
+else
+	BASIC_CFLAGS += -Zi -MTd
+endif
+	X = .exe
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Interix)
+	NO_INITGROUPS = YesPlease
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),3.5)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	endif
+	ifeq ($(uname_R),5.2)
+		NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+		NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+		NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE = YesPlease
+		NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	endif
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),Minix)
+	NO_IPV6 = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBGEN =
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_IDN_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_RESOLV =
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_CURL =
+	NO_EXPAT =
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),NONSTOP_KERNEL)
+	# Needs some C99 features, "inline" is just one of them.
+	# INLINE='' would just replace one set of warnings with another and
+	# still not compile in c89 mode, due to non-const array initializations.
+	CC = cc -c99
+	# Disable all optimization, seems to result in bad code, with -O or -O2
+	# or even -O1 (default), /usr/local/libexec/git-core/git-pack-objects
+	# abends on "git push". Needs more investigation.
+	CFLAGS = -g -O0
+	# We'd want it to be here.
+	prefix = /usr/local
+	# Our's are in ${prefix}/bin (perl might also be in /usr/bin/perl).
+	PERL_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/perl
+	PYTHON_PATH = ${prefix}/bin/python
+
+	# As detected by './configure'.
+	# Missdetected, hence commented out, see below.
+	#NO_CURL = YesPlease
+	# Added manually, see above.
+	NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CURL = YesPlease
+	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
+	HAVE_STRINGS_H = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBINTL_BEFORE_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_SYS_SELECT_H = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT = YesPlease
+	NO_HSTRERROR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	# Currently libiconv-1.9.1.
+	OLD_ICONV = UnfortunatelyYes
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = UnfortunatelyYes
+
+	# Not detected (nor checked for) by './configure'.
+	# We don't have SA_RESTART on NonStop, unfortunalety.
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSA_RESTART=0
+	# Apparently needed in compat/fnmatch/fnmatch.c.
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DHAVE_STRING_H=1
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NO_MMAP = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_INTPTR_T = UnfortunatelyYes
+	# Bug report 10-120822-4477 submitted to HP NonStop development.
+	MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH = YesPlease
+	# RFE 10-120912-4693 submitted to HP NonStop development.
+	NO_SETITIMER = UnfortunatelyYes
+	SANE_TOOL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin:/usr/local/bin
+	SHELL_PATH = /usr/local/bin/bash
+	# as of H06.25/J06.14, we might better use this
+	#SHELL_PATH = /usr/coreutils/bin/bash
+endif
+ifneq (,$(findstring MINGW,$(uname_S)))
+	pathsep = ;
+	NO_PREAD = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_CRYPTO_WITH_SSL = YesPlease
+	NO_LIBGEN_H = YesPlease
+	NO_POLL = YesPlease
+	NO_SYMLINK_HEAD = YesPlease
+	NO_UNIX_SOCKETS = YesPlease
+	NO_SETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_UNSETENV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOK_R = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_LIBICONV = YesPlease
+	OLD_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_STRTOUMAX = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_SVN_TESTS = YesPlease
+	NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER = YesPlease
+	RUNTIME_PREFIX = YesPlease
+	NO_ST_BLOCKS_IN_STRUCT_STAT = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	USE_WIN32_MMAP = YesPlease
+	USE_NED_ALLOCATOR = YesPlease
+	UNRELIABLE_FSTAT = UnfortunatelyYes
+	OBJECT_CREATION_USES_RENAMES = UnfortunatelyNeedsTo
+	NO_REGEX = YesPlease
+	NO_PYTHON = YesPlease
+	BLK_SHA1 = YesPlease
+	ETAGS_TARGET = ETAGS
+	NO_INET_PTON = YesPlease
+	NO_INET_NTOP = YesPlease
+	NO_POSIX_GOODIES = UnfortunatelyYes
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -D__USE_MINGW_ACCESS -DNOGDI -Icompat -Icompat/win32
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSTRIP_EXTENSION=\".exe\"
+	COMPAT_OBJS += compat/mingw.o compat/winansi.o \
+		compat/win32/pthread.o compat/win32/syslog.o \
+		compat/win32/dirent.o
+	EXTLIBS += -lws2_32
+	PTHREAD_LIBS =
+	X = .exe
+	SPARSE_FLAGS = -Wno-one-bit-signed-bitfield
+ifneq (,$(wildcard ../THIS_IS_MSYSGIT))
+	htmldir = doc/git/html/
+	prefix =
+	INSTALL = /bin/install
+	EXTLIBS += /mingw/lib/libz.a
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	INTERNAL_QSORT = YesPlease
+	HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H = YesPlease
+else
+	NO_CURL = YesPlease
+endif
+endif
+ifeq ($(uname_S),QNX)
+	COMPAT_CFLAGS += -DSA_RESTART=0
+	HAVE_STRINGS_H = YesPlease
+	NEEDS_SOCKET = YesPlease
+	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD = YesPlease
+	NO_GETPAGESIZE = YesPlease
+	NO_ICONV = YesPlease
+	NO_MEMMEM = YesPlease
+	NO_MKDTEMP = YesPlease
+	NO_MKSTEMPS = YesPlease
+	NO_NSEC = YesPlease
+	NO_PTHREADS = YesPlease
+	NO_R_TO_GCC_LINKER = YesPlease
+	NO_STRCASESTR = YesPlease
+	NO_STRLCPY = YesPlease
+endif
diff --git a/configure.ac b/configure.ac
index 048a1d4..1991258 100644
--- a/configure.ac
+++ b/configure.ac
@@ -1,65 +1,68 @@
 #                                               -*- Autoconf -*-
 # Process this file with autoconf to produce a configure script.
 
-AC_PREREQ(2.59)
-AC_INIT([git], [@@GIT_VERSION@@], [git@vger.kernel.org])
+## Definitions of private macros.
 
-AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([git.c])
+# GIT_CONF_SUBST(VAL, VAR)
+# ------------------------
+# Cause the line "VAR=VAL" to be eventually appended to ${config_file}.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_CONF_SUBST],
+[AC_REQUIRE([GIT_CONF_SUBST_INIT])
+config_appended_defs="$config_appended_defs${newline}dnl
+$1=m4_if([$#],[1],[${$1}],[$2])"])
 
-config_file=config.mak.autogen
-config_append=config.mak.append
-config_in=config.mak.in
+# GIT_CONF_SUBST_INIT
+# -------------------
+# Prepare shell variables and autoconf machine required by later calls
+# to GIT_CONF_SUBST.
+AC_DEFUN([GIT_CONF_SUBST_INIT],
+    [config_appended_defs=; newline='
+'
+    AC_CONFIG_COMMANDS([$config_file],
+                       [echo "$config_appended_defs" >> "$config_file"],
+                       [config_file=$config_file
+                        config_appended_defs="$config_appended_defs"])])
 
-echo "# ${config_append}.  Generated by configure." > "${config_append}"
-
-
-## Definitions of macros
-# GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(LINE)
-# --------------------------
-# Append LINE to file ${config_append}
-AC_DEFUN([GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE],
-[echo "$1" >> "${config_append}"])# GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE
-#
 # GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(PROGRAM)
 # -------------------------
 # Provide --with-PROGRAM=PATH option to set PATH to PROGRAM
 # Optional second argument allows setting NO_PROGRAM=YesPlease if
 # --without-PROGRAM version used.
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_ARG_SET_PATH],
-[AC_ARG_WITH([$1],
- [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-$1=PATH],
-                 [provide PATH to $1])],
- [GIT_CONF_APPEND_PATH($1,$2)],[])
-])# GIT_ARG_SET_PATH
-#
+    [AC_ARG_WITH([$1],
+        [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-$1=PATH],
+                        [provide PATH to $1])],
+        [GIT_CONF_APPEND_PATH([$1], [$2])],
+        [])])
+
 # GIT_CONF_APPEND_PATH(PROGRAM)
-# ------------------------------
+# -----------------------------
 # Parse --with-PROGRAM=PATH option to set PROGRAM_PATH=PATH
 # Used by GIT_ARG_SET_PATH(PROGRAM)
 # Optional second argument allows setting NO_PROGRAM=YesPlease if
 # --without-PROGRAM is used.
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_CONF_APPEND_PATH],
-[PROGRAM=m4_toupper($1); \
-if test "$withval" = "no"; then \
-	if test -n "$2"; then \
-		m4_toupper($1)_PATH=$withval; \
-		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Disabling use of ${PROGRAM}]); \
-		GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(NO_${PROGRAM}=YesPlease); \
-		GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PROGRAM}_PATH=); \
-	else \
-		AC_MSG_ERROR([You cannot use git without $1]); \
-	fi; \
-else \
-	if test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
-		AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide path for --with-$1=PATH]); \
-	else \
-		m4_toupper($1)_PATH=$withval; \
-		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)_PATH to $withval]); \
-		GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PROGRAM}_PATH=$withval); \
-	fi; \
-fi; \
-]) # GIT_CONF_APPEND_PATH
-#
+    [m4_pushdef([GIT_UC_PROGRAM], m4_toupper([$1]))dnl
+    if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+	if test -n "$2"; then
+		GIT_UC_PROGRAM[]_PATH=$withval
+		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Disabling use of GIT_UC_PROGRAM])
+		GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_]GIT_UC_PROGRAM, [YesPlease])
+		GIT_CONF_SUBST(GIT_UC_PROGRAM[]_PATH, [])
+	else
+		AC_MSG_ERROR([You cannot use git without $1])
+	fi
+    else
+	if test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+		AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide path for --with-$1=PATH])
+	else
+		GIT_UC_PROGRAM[]_PATH=$withval
+		AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting GIT_UC_PROGRAM[]_PATH to $withval])
+		GIT_CONF_SUBST(GIT_UC_PROGRAM[]_PATH, [$withval])
+	fi
+    fi
+    m4_popdef([GIT_UC_PROGRAM])])
+
 # GIT_PARSE_WITH(PACKAGE)
 # -----------------------
 # For use in AC_ARG_WITH action-if-found, for packages default ON.
@@ -67,21 +70,21 @@
 # * Set PACKAGEDIR=PATH for --with-PACKAGE=PATH
 # * Unset NO_PACKAGE for --with-PACKAGE without ARG
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_PARSE_WITH],
-[PACKAGE=m4_toupper($1); \
-if test "$withval" = "no"; then \
-	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=YesPlease; \
-elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
-	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
-else \
-	m4_toupper(NO_$1)=; \
-	m4_toupper($1)DIR=$withval; \
-	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting m4_toupper($1)DIR to $withval]); \
-	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(${PACKAGE}DIR=$withval); \
-fi \
-])# GIT_PARSE_WITH
-#
+    [m4_pushdef([GIT_UC_PACKAGE], m4_toupper([$1]))dnl
+    if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+	NO_[]GIT_UC_PACKAGE=YesPlease
+    elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+	NO_[]GIT_UC_PACKAGE=
+    else
+	NO_[]GIT_UC_PACKAGE=
+	GIT_UC_PACKAGE[]DIR=$withval
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting GIT_UC_PACKAGE[]DIR to $withval])
+	GIT_CONF_SUBST(GIT_UC_PACKAGE[DIR], [$withval])
+    fi
+    m4_popdef([GIT_UC_PACKAGE])])
+
 # GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR(WITHNAME, VAR, HELP_TEXT)
-# ---------------------
+# -----------------------------------------------------
 # Set VAR to the value specied by --with-WITHNAME.
 # No verification of arguments is performed, but warnings are issued
 # if either 'yes' or 'no' is specified.
@@ -90,33 +93,32 @@
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR],
 [AC_ARG_WITH([$1],
  [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-$1=VALUE], $3)],
- if test -n "$withval"; then \
-  if test "$withval" = "yes" -o "$withval" = "no"; then \
+ if test -n "$withval"; then
+  if test "$withval" = "yes" -o "$withval" = "no"; then
     AC_MSG_WARN([You likely do not want either 'yes' or 'no' as]
-		     [a value for $1 ($2).  Maybe you do...?]); \
-  fi; \
-  \
-  AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting $2 to $withval]); \
-  GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE($2=$withval); \
+		     [a value for $1 ($2).  Maybe you do...?])
+  fi
+  AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting $2 to $withval])
+  GIT_CONF_SUBST([$2], [$withval])
  fi)])# GIT_PARSE_WITH_SET_MAKE_VAR
 
-dnl
-dnl GIT_CHECK_FUNC(FUNCTION, IFTRUE, IFFALSE)
-dnl -----------------------------------------
-dnl Similar to AC_CHECK_FUNC, but on systems that do not generate
-dnl warnings for missing prototypes (e.g. FreeBSD when compiling without
-dnl -Wall), it does not work.  By looking for function definition in
-dnl libraries, this problem can be worked around.
+#
+# GIT_CHECK_FUNC(FUNCTION, IFTRUE, IFFALSE)
+# -----------------------------------------
+# Similar to AC_CHECK_FUNC, but on systems that do not generate
+# warnings for missing prototypes (e.g. FreeBSD when compiling without
+# -Wall), it does not work.  By looking for function definition in
+# libraries, this problem can be worked around.
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_CHECK_FUNC],[AC_CHECK_FUNC([$1],[
   AC_SEARCH_LIBS([$1],,
   [$2],[$3])
 ],[$3])])
 
-dnl
-dnl GIT_STASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
-dnl -----------------------------
-dnl Allow for easy stashing of LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS before running
-dnl tests that may want to take user settings into account.
+#
+# GIT_STASH_FLAGS(BASEPATH_VAR)
+# -----------------------------
+# Allow for easy stashing of LDFLAGS and CPPFLAGS before running
+# tests that may want to take user settings into account.
 AC_DEFUN([GIT_STASH_FLAGS],[
 if test -n "$1"; then
    old_CPPFLAGS="$CPPFLAGS"
@@ -137,6 +139,35 @@
 fi
 ])
 
+## Configure body starts here.
+
+AC_PREREQ(2.59)
+AC_INIT([git], [@@GIT_VERSION@@], [git@vger.kernel.org])
+
+AC_CONFIG_SRCDIR([git.c])
+
+config_file=config.mak.autogen
+config_in=config.mak.in
+
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([AUTOCONFIGURED], [YesPlease])
+
+# Directories holding "saner" versions of common or POSIX binaries.
+AC_ARG_WITH([sane-tool-path],
+  [AS_HELP_STRING(
+    [--with-sane-tool-path=DIR-1[[:DIR-2...:DIR-n]]],
+    [Directories to prepend to PATH in build system and generated scripts])],
+  [if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+    withval=''
+  else
+    AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting SANE_TOOL_PATH to '$withval'])
+  fi
+  GIT_CONF_SUBST([SANE_TOOL_PATH], [$withval])],
+  [# If the "--with-sane-tool-path" option was not given, don't touch
+   # SANE_TOOL_PATH here, but let defaults in Makefile take care of it.
+   # This should minimize spurious differences in the behaviour of the
+   # Git build system when configure is used w.r.t. when it is not.
+   :])
+
 ## Site configuration related to programs (before tests)
 ## --with-PACKAGE[=ARG] and --without-PACKAGE
 #
@@ -144,14 +175,13 @@
 AC_ARG_WITH([lib],
  [AS_HELP_STRING([--with-lib=ARG],
                  [ARG specifies alternative name for lib directory])],
- [if test "$withval" = "no" || test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
-	AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide name for --with-lib=ARG]); \
-else \
-	lib=$withval; \
-	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to '$lib']); \
-	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(lib=$withval); \
-fi; \
-],[])
+ [if test "$withval" = "no" || test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+	AC_MSG_WARN([You should provide name for --with-lib=ARG])
+  else
+	lib=$withval
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to '$lib'])
+	GIT_CONF_SUBST([lib])
+  fi])
 
 if test -z "$lib"; then
    AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting lib to 'lib' (the default)])
@@ -186,7 +216,7 @@
 [
   JSMIN=$enableval;
   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting JSMIN to '$JSMIN' to enable JavaScript minifying])
-  GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(JSMIN=$enableval);
+  GIT_CONF_SUBST([JSMIN])
 ])
 
 # Define option to enable CSS minification
@@ -196,7 +226,7 @@
 [
   CSSMIN=$enableval;
   AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting CSSMIN to '$CSSMIN' to enable CSS minifying])
-  GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(CSSMIN=$enableval);
+  GIT_CONF_SUBST([CSSMIN])
 ])
 
 ## Site configuration (override autodetection)
@@ -217,9 +247,9 @@
 # /foo/bar/include and /foo/bar/lib directories.
 AC_ARG_WITH(openssl,
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-openssl],[use OpenSSL library (default is YES)])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),\
-GIT_PARSE_WITH(openssl))
-#
+AS_HELP_STRING([],              [ARG can be prefix for openssl library and headers]),
+GIT_PARSE_WITH([openssl]))
+
 # Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. git-grep will be
 # able to use Perl-compatible regular expressions.
 #
@@ -229,17 +259,18 @@
 AC_ARG_WITH(libpcre,
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-libpcre],[support Perl-compatible regexes (default is NO)])
 AS_HELP_STRING([],           [ARG can be also prefix for libpcre library and headers]),
-if test "$withval" = "no"; then \
-	USE_LIBPCRE=; \
-elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then \
-	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease; \
-else
-	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease; \
-	LIBPCREDIR=$withval; \
-	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting LIBPCREDIR to $withval]); \
-	GIT_CONF_APPEND_LINE(LIBPCREDIR=$withval); \
-fi \
-)
+    if test "$withval" = "no"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE=
+    elif test "$withval" = "yes"; then
+	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease
+    else
+	USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease
+	LIBPCREDIR=$withval
+	AC_MSG_NOTICE([Setting LIBPCREDIR to $LIBPCREDIR])
+        dnl USE_LIBPCRE can still be modified below, so don't substitute
+        dnl it yet.
+	GIT_CONF_SUBST([LIBPCREDIR])
+    fi)
 #
 # Define NO_CURL if you do not have curl installed.  git-http-pull and
 # git-http-push are not built, and you cannot use http:// and https://
@@ -347,7 +378,7 @@
 AS_HELP_STRING([--with-tcltk],[use Tcl/Tk GUI (default is YES)])
 AS_HELP_STRING([],[ARG is the full path to the Tcl/Tk interpreter.])
 AS_HELP_STRING([],[Bare --with-tcltk will make the GUI part only if])
-AS_HELP_STRING([],[Tcl/Tk interpreter will be found in a system.]),\
+AS_HELP_STRING([],[Tcl/Tk interpreter will be found in a system.]),
 GIT_PARSE_WITH(tcltk))
 #
 
@@ -358,9 +389,10 @@
 AC_PROG_CC([cc gcc])
 AC_C_INLINE
 case $ac_cv_c_inline in
-  inline | yes | no)	;;
-  *)			AC_SUBST([INLINE], [$ac_cv_c_inline]) ;;
+  inline | yes | no) INLINE='';;
+  *)                 INLINE=$ac_cv_c_inline ;;
 esac
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([INLINE])
 
 # which switch to pass runtime path to dynamic libraries to the linker
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -R], git_cv_ld_dashr, [
@@ -370,7 +402,7 @@
    LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
 ])
 if test "$git_cv_ld_dashr" = "yes"; then
-   AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-R])
+   CC_LD_DYNPATH=-R
 else
    AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -Wl,-rpath,], git_cv_ld_wl_rpath, [
       SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
@@ -379,7 +411,7 @@
       LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
    ])
    if test "$git_cv_ld_wl_rpath" = "yes"; then
-      AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-Wl,-rpath,])
+      CC_LD_DYNPATH=-Wl,-rpath,
    else
       AC_CACHE_CHECK([if linker supports -rpath], git_cv_ld_rpath, [
          SAVE_LDFLAGS="${LDFLAGS}"
@@ -388,52 +420,48 @@
          LDFLAGS="${SAVE_LDFLAGS}"
       ])
       if test "$git_cv_ld_rpath" = "yes"; then
-         AC_SUBST(CC_LD_DYNPATH, [-rpath])
+         CC_LD_DYNPATH=-rpath
       else
+         CC_LD_DYNPATH=
          AC_MSG_WARN([linker does not support runtime path to dynamic libraries])
       fi
    fi
 fi
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([CC_LD_DYNPATH])
 #AC_PROG_INSTALL		# needs install-sh or install.sh in sources
 AC_CHECK_TOOLS(AR, [gar ar], :)
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(TAR, [gtar tar])
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(DIFF, [gnudiff gdiff diff])
 # TCLTK_PATH will be set to some value if we want Tcl/Tk
 # or will be empty otherwise.
-if test -z "$NO_TCLTK"; then
+if test -n "$NO_TCLTK"; then
+  TCLTK_PATH=
+else
   if test "$with_tcltk" = ""; then
   # No Tcl/Tk switches given. Do not check for Tcl/Tk, use bare 'wish'.
     TCLTK_PATH=wish
-    AC_SUBST(TCLTK_PATH)
   elif test "$with_tcltk" = "yes"; then
   # Tcl/Tk check requested.
     AC_CHECK_PROGS(TCLTK_PATH, [wish], )
   else
     AC_MSG_RESULT([Using Tcl/Tk interpreter $with_tcltk])
     TCLTK_PATH="$with_tcltk"
-    AC_SUBST(TCLTK_PATH)
   fi
 fi
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([TCLTK_PATH])
 AC_CHECK_PROGS(ASCIIDOC, [asciidoc])
 if test -n "$ASCIIDOC"; then
 	AC_MSG_CHECKING([for asciidoc version])
 	asciidoc_version=`$ASCIIDOC --version 2>/dev/null`
 	case "${asciidoc_version}" in
-	asciidoc' '7*)
-		ASCIIDOC7=YesPlease
-		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} > 7])
-		;;
 	asciidoc' '8*)
-		ASCIIDOC7=
 		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version}])
 		;;
 	*)
-		ASCIIDOC7=
 		AC_MSG_RESULT([${asciidoc_version} (unknown)])
 		;;
 	esac
 fi
-AC_SUBST(ASCIIDOC7)
 
 
 ## Checks for libraries.
@@ -447,13 +475,13 @@
 AC_CHECK_LIB([crypto], [SHA1_Init],
 [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=],
 [AC_CHECK_LIB([ssl], [SHA1_Init],
- [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease],
- [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO= NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=YesPlease NO_OPENSSL=],
+ [NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO=          NO_OPENSSL=YesPlease])])
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($OPENSSLDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO)
-AC_SUBST(NO_OPENSSL)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_SSL_WITH_CRYPTO])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_OPENSSL])
 
 #
 # Define USE_LIBPCRE if you have and want to use libpcre. git-grep will be
@@ -470,7 +498,7 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($LIBPCREDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(USE_LIBPCRE)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([USE_LIBPCRE])
 
 fi
 
@@ -487,7 +515,7 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($CURLDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(NO_CURL)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_CURL])
 
 #
 # Define NO_EXPAT if you do not have expat installed.  git-http-push is
@@ -501,7 +529,7 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($EXPATDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(NO_EXPAT)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_EXPAT])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_LIBICONV if linking with libc is not enough (Darwin and
@@ -547,8 +575,8 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBICONV)
-AC_SUBST(NO_ICONV)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_LIBICONV])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_ICONV])
 
 if test -n "$NO_ICONV"; then
     NEEDS_LIBICONV=
@@ -575,7 +603,7 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ZLIB_PATH)
 
-AC_SUBST(NO_DEFLATE_BOUND)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_DEFLATE_BOUND])
 
 #
 # Define NEEDS_SOCKET if linking with libc is not enough (SunOS,
@@ -583,7 +611,7 @@
 AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [socket],
 [NEEDS_SOCKET=],
 [NEEDS_SOCKET=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NEEDS_SOCKET)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_SOCKET])
 test -n "$NEEDS_SOCKET" && LIBS="$LIBS -lsocket"
 
 #
@@ -591,40 +619,43 @@
 # libresolv provides some of the functions we would normally get
 # from libc.
 NEEDS_RESOLV=
-AC_SUBST(NEEDS_RESOLV)
 #
 # Define NO_INET_NTOP if linking with -lresolv is not enough.
 # Solaris 2.7 in particular hos inet_ntop in -lresolv.
 NO_INET_NTOP=
-AC_SUBST(NO_INET_NTOP)
 AC_CHECK_FUNC([inet_ntop],
-	[],
+    [],
     [AC_CHECK_LIB([resolv], [inet_ntop],
-	    [NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
+	[NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
 	[NO_INET_NTOP=YesPlease])
 ])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INET_NTOP])
 #
 # Define NO_INET_PTON if linking with -lresolv is not enough.
 # Solaris 2.7 in particular hos inet_pton in -lresolv.
 NO_INET_PTON=
-AC_SUBST(NO_INET_PTON)
 AC_CHECK_FUNC([inet_pton],
-	[],
+    [],
     [AC_CHECK_LIB([resolv], [inet_pton],
-	    [NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
+	[NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
 	[NO_INET_PTON=YesPlease])
 ])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INET_PTON])
 #
 # Define NO_HSTRERROR if linking with -lresolv is not enough.
 # Solaris 2.6 in particular has no hstrerror, even in -lresolv.
 NO_HSTRERROR=
 AC_CHECK_FUNC([hstrerror],
-	[],
+    [],
     [AC_CHECK_LIB([resolv], [hstrerror],
-	    [NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
+	[NEEDS_RESOLV=YesPlease],
 	[NO_HSTRERROR=YesPlease])
 ])
-AC_SUBST(NO_HSTRERROR)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_HSTRERROR])
+
+dnl This must go after all the possible places for its initialization,
+dnl in the AC_CHECK_FUNC invocations above.
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_RESOLV])
 #
 # If any of the above tests determined that -lresolv is needed at
 # build-time, also set it here for remaining configure-time checks.
@@ -633,9 +664,26 @@
 AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [basename],
 [NEEDS_LIBGEN=],
 [NEEDS_LIBGEN=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NEEDS_LIBGEN)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NEEDS_LIBGEN])
 test -n "$NEEDS_LIBGEN" && LIBS="$LIBS -lgen"
 
+AC_CHECK_LIB([c], [gettext],
+[LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL=YesPlease],
+[LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL])
+
+#
+# Define NO_GETTEXT if you don't want Git output to be translated.
+# A translated Git requires GNU libintl or another gettext implementation
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([libintl.h],
+[NO_GETTEXT=],
+[NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_GETTEXT])
+
+if test -z "$NO_GETTEXT"; then
+    test -n "$LIBC_CONTAINS_LIBINTL" || LIBS="$LIBS -lintl"
+fi
+
 ## Checks for header files.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for header files])
 #
@@ -643,19 +691,19 @@
 AC_CHECK_HEADER([sys/select.h],
 [NO_SYS_SELECT_H=],
 [NO_SYS_SELECT_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
-AC_SUBST(NO_SYS_SELECT_H)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_SYS_SELECT_H])
 #
 # Define NO_SYS_POLL_H if you don't have sys/poll.h
 AC_CHECK_HEADER([sys/poll.h],
 [NO_SYS_POLL_H=],
 [NO_SYS_POLL_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
-AC_SUBST(NO_SYS_POLL_H)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_SYS_POLL_H])
 #
 # Define NO_INTTYPES_H if you don't have inttypes.h
 AC_CHECK_HEADER([inttypes.h],
 [NO_INTTYPES_H=],
 [NO_INTTYPES_H=UnfortunatelyYes])
-AC_SUBST(NO_INTTYPES_H)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INTTYPES_H])
 #
 # Define OLD_ICONV if your library has an old iconv(), where the second
 # (input buffer pointer) parameter is declared with type (const char **).
@@ -678,23 +726,24 @@
 
 GIT_UNSTASH_FLAGS($ICONVDIR)
 
-AC_SUBST(OLD_ICONV)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([OLD_ICONV])
 
 ## Checks for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics.
 AC_MSG_NOTICE([CHECKS for typedefs, structures, and compiler characteristics])
 #
 TYPE_SOCKLEN_T
 case $ac_cv_type_socklen_t in
-  yes)	;;
-  *)  	AC_SUBST([SOCKLEN_T], [$git_cv_socklen_t_equiv]) ;;
+  yes)	SOCKLEN_T='';;
+  *)  	SOCKLEN_T=$git_cv_socklen_t_equiv;;
 esac
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([SOCKLEN_T])
 
 # Define NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT if you don't have d_ino in your struct dirent.
 AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct dirent.d_ino,
 [NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=],
 [NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT=YesPlease],
 [#include <dirent.h>])
-AC_SUBST(NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_D_INO_IN_DIRENT])
 #
 # Define NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT if your platform defines DT_UNKNOWN but lacks
 # d_type in struct dirent (latest Cygwin -- will be fixed soonish).
@@ -702,7 +751,15 @@
 [NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=],
 [NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT=YesPlease],
 [#include <dirent.h>])
-AC_SUBST(NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_D_TYPE_IN_DIRENT])
+#
+# Define NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT if you don't have pw_gecos in struct passwd
+# in the C library.
+AC_CHECK_MEMBER(struct passwd.pw_gecos,
+[NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT=],
+[NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT=YesPlease],
+[#include <pwd.h>])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT])
 #
 # Define NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE if your platform does not have struct
 # sockaddr_storage.
@@ -712,7 +769,7 @@
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 ])
-AC_SUBST(NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_SOCKADDR_STORAGE])
 #
 # Define NO_IPV6 if you lack IPv6 support and getaddrinfo().
 AC_CHECK_TYPE([struct addrinfo],[
@@ -724,7 +781,7 @@
 #include <sys/socket.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 ])
-AC_SUBST(NO_IPV6)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_IPV6])
 #
 # Define NO_REGEX if you have no or inferior regex support in your C library.
 AC_CACHE_CHECK([whether the platform regex can handle null bytes],
@@ -745,7 +802,7 @@
 else
 	NO_REGEX=YesPlease
 fi
-AC_SUBST(NO_REGEX)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_REGEX])
 #
 # Define FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES if your are on a system which succeeds
 # when attempting to read from an fopen'ed directory.
@@ -765,7 +822,7 @@
 else
 	FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES=
 fi
-AC_SUBST(FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES])
 #
 # Define SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS if your are on a system which snprintf()
 # or vsnprintf() return -1 instead of number of characters which would
@@ -799,7 +856,7 @@
 else
 	SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS=
 fi
-AC_SUBST(SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([SNPRINTF_RETURNS_BOGUS])
 
 
 ## Checks for library functions.
@@ -810,31 +867,51 @@
 AC_CHECK_HEADER([libgen.h],
 [NO_LIBGEN_H=],
 [NO_LIBGEN_H=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_LIBGEN_H)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_LIBGEN_H])
 #
 # Define HAVE_PATHS_H if you have paths.h.
 AC_CHECK_HEADER([paths.h],
 [HAVE_PATHS_H=YesPlease],
 [HAVE_PATHS_H=])
-AC_SUBST(HAVE_PATHS_H)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_PATHS_H])
+#
+# Define HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H if have libcharset.h
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([libcharset.h],
+[HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H=YesPlease],
+[HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H])
+#
+# Define HAVE_STRINGS_H if you have strings.h
+AC_CHECK_HEADER([strings.h],
+[HAVE_STRINGS_H=YesPlease],
+[HAVE_STRINGS_H=])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([HAVE_STRINGS_H])
+# Define CHARSET_LIB if libiconv does not export the locale_charset symbol
+# and libcharset does
+CHARSET_LIB=
+AC_CHECK_LIB([iconv], [locale_charset],
+       [],
+       [AC_CHECK_LIB([charset], [locale_charset],
+                     [CHARSET_LIB=-lcharset])])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([CHARSET_LIB])
 #
 # Define NO_STRCASESTR if you don't have strcasestr.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strcasestr,
 [NO_STRCASESTR=],
 [NO_STRCASESTR=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_STRCASESTR)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRCASESTR])
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOK_R if you don't have strtok_r
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strtok_r,
 [NO_STRTOK_R=],
 [NO_STRTOK_R=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_STRTOK_R)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRTOK_R])
 #
 # Define NO_FNMATCH if you don't have fnmatch
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(fnmatch,
 [NO_FNMATCH=],
 [NO_FNMATCH=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_FNMATCH)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_FNMATCH])
 #
 # Define NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD if your fnmatch function doesn't have the
 # FNM_CASEFOLD GNU extension.
@@ -856,19 +933,19 @@
 else
 	NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD=YesPlease
 fi
-AC_SUBST(NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_FNMATCH_CASEFOLD])
 #
 # Define NO_MEMMEM if you don't have memmem.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(memmem,
 [NO_MEMMEM=],
 [NO_MEMMEM=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_MEMMEM)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_MEMMEM])
 #
 # Define NO_STRLCPY if you don't have strlcpy.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strlcpy,
 [NO_STRLCPY=],
 [NO_STRLCPY=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_STRLCPY)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRLCPY])
 #
 # Define NO_UINTMAX_T if your platform does not have uintmax_t
 AC_CHECK_TYPE(uintmax_t,
@@ -876,43 +953,43 @@
 [NO_UINTMAX_T=YesPlease],[
 #include <inttypes.h>
 ])
-AC_SUBST(NO_UINTMAX_T)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UINTMAX_T])
 #
 # Define NO_STRTOUMAX if you don't have strtoumax in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(strtoumax,
 [NO_STRTOUMAX=],
 [NO_STRTOUMAX=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_STRTOUMAX)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_STRTOUMAX])
 #
 # Define NO_SETENV if you don't have setenv in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(setenv,
 [NO_SETENV=],
 [NO_SETENV=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_SETENV)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_SETENV])
 #
 # Define NO_UNSETENV if you don't have unsetenv in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(unsetenv,
 [NO_UNSETENV=],
 [NO_UNSETENV=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_UNSETENV)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_UNSETENV])
 #
 # Define NO_MKDTEMP if you don't have mkdtemp in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkdtemp,
 [NO_MKDTEMP=],
 [NO_MKDTEMP=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_MKDTEMP)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_MKDTEMP])
 #
 # Define NO_MKSTEMPS if you don't have mkstemps in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(mkstemps,
 [NO_MKSTEMPS=],
 [NO_MKSTEMPS=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_MKSTEMPS)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_MKSTEMPS])
 #
 # Define NO_INITGROUPS if you don't have initgroups in the C library.
 GIT_CHECK_FUNC(initgroups,
 [NO_INITGROUPS=],
 [NO_INITGROUPS=YesPlease])
-AC_SUBST(NO_INITGROUPS)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_INITGROUPS])
 #
 #
 # Define NO_MMAP if you want to avoid mmap.
@@ -958,10 +1035,20 @@
 # -D_REENTRANT' or some such.
 elif test -z "$PTHREAD_CFLAGS"; then
   threads_found=no
-  for opt in -mt -pthread -lpthread; do
+  # Attempt to compile and link some code using pthreads to determine
+  # required linker flags. The order is somewhat important here: We
+  # first try it without any extra flags, to catch systems where
+  # pthreads are part of the C library, then go on testing various other
+  # flags. We do so to avoid false positives. For example, on Mac OS X
+  # pthreads are part of the C library; moreover, the compiler allows us
+  # to add "-mt" to the CFLAGS (although it will do nothing except
+  # trigger a warning about an unused flag). Hence if we checked for
+  # "-mt" before "" we would end up picking it. But unfortunately this
+  # would then trigger compiler warnings on every single file we compile.
+  for opt in "" -mt -pthread -lpthread; do
      old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
      CFLAGS="$opt $CFLAGS"
-     AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
+     AC_MSG_CHECKING([for POSIX Threads with '$opt'])
      AC_LINK_IFELSE([PTHREADTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 		NO_PTHREADS=
@@ -981,7 +1068,7 @@
 else
   old_CFLAGS="$CFLAGS"
   CFLAGS="$PTHREAD_CFLAGS $CFLAGS"
-  AC_MSG_CHECKING([Checking for POSIX Threads with '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS'])
+  AC_MSG_CHECKING([for POSIX Threads with '$PTHREAD_CFLAGS'])
   AC_LINK_IFELSE([PTHREADTEST_SRC],
 	[AC_MSG_RESULT([yes])
 		NO_PTHREADS=
@@ -994,14 +1081,10 @@
 
 CFLAGS="$old_CFLAGS"
 
-AC_SUBST(PTHREAD_CFLAGS)
-AC_SUBST(PTHREAD_LIBS)
-AC_SUBST(NO_PTHREADS)
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([PTHREAD_CFLAGS])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([PTHREAD_LIBS])
+GIT_CONF_SUBST([NO_PTHREADS])
 
 ## Output files
-AC_CONFIG_FILES(["${config_file}":"${config_in}":"${config_append}"])
+AC_CONFIG_FILES(["${config_file}":"${config_in}"])
 AC_OUTPUT
-
-
-## Cleanup
-rm -f "${config_append}"
diff --git a/connect.c b/connect.c
index 51990fa..49e56ba 100644
--- a/connect.c
+++ b/connect.c
@@ -49,14 +49,25 @@
 	extra->nr++;
 }
 
+static void die_initial_contact(int got_at_least_one_head)
+{
+	if (got_at_least_one_head)
+		die("The remote end hung up upon initial contact");
+	else
+		die("Could not read from remote repository.\n\n"
+		    "Please make sure you have the correct access rights\n"
+		    "and the repository exists.");
+}
+
 /*
  * Read all the refs from the other end
  */
 struct ref **get_remote_heads(int in, struct ref **list,
-			      int nr_match, char **match,
 			      unsigned int flags,
 			      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
 {
+	int got_at_least_one_head = 0;
+
 	*list = NULL;
 	for (;;) {
 		struct ref *ref;
@@ -65,7 +76,10 @@
 		char *name;
 		int len, name_len;
 
-		len = packet_read_line(in, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+		len = packet_read(in, buffer, sizeof(buffer));
+		if (len < 0)
+			die_initial_contact(got_at_least_one_head);
+
 		if (!len)
 			break;
 		if (buffer[len-1] == '\n')
@@ -92,41 +106,65 @@
 
 		if (!check_ref(name, name_len, flags))
 			continue;
-		if (nr_match && !path_match(name, nr_match, match))
-			continue;
 		ref = alloc_ref(buffer + 41);
 		hashcpy(ref->old_sha1, old_sha1);
 		*list = ref;
 		list = &ref->next;
+		got_at_least_one_head = 1;
 	}
 	return list;
 }
 
-int server_supports(const char *feature)
+const char *parse_feature_value(const char *feature_list, const char *feature, int *lenp)
 {
-	return server_capabilities &&
-		strstr(server_capabilities, feature) != NULL;
+	int len;
+
+	if (!feature_list)
+		return NULL;
+
+	len = strlen(feature);
+	while (*feature_list) {
+		const char *found = strstr(feature_list, feature);
+		if (!found)
+			return NULL;
+		if (feature_list == found || isspace(found[-1])) {
+			const char *value = found + len;
+			/* feature with no value (e.g., "thin-pack") */
+			if (!*value || isspace(*value)) {
+				if (lenp)
+					*lenp = 0;
+				return value;
+			}
+			/* feature with a value (e.g., "agent=git/1.2.3") */
+			else if (*value == '=') {
+				value++;
+				if (lenp)
+					*lenp = strcspn(value, " \t\n");
+				return value;
+			}
+			/*
+			 * otherwise we matched a substring of another feature;
+			 * keep looking
+			 */
+		}
+		feature_list = found + 1;
+	}
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-int path_match(const char *path, int nr, char **match)
+int parse_feature_request(const char *feature_list, const char *feature)
 {
-	int i;
-	int pathlen = strlen(path);
+	return !!parse_feature_value(feature_list, feature, NULL);
+}
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr; i++) {
-		char *s = match[i];
-		int len = strlen(s);
+const char *server_feature_value(const char *feature, int *len)
+{
+	return parse_feature_value(server_capabilities, feature, len);
+}
 
-		if (!len || len > pathlen)
-			continue;
-		if (memcmp(path + pathlen - len, s, len))
-			continue;
-		if (pathlen > len && path[pathlen - len - 1] != '/')
-			continue;
-		*s = 0;
-		return (i + 1);
-	}
-	return 0;
+int server_supports(const char *feature)
+{
+	return !!server_feature_value(feature, NULL);
 }
 
 enum protocol {
@@ -175,6 +213,15 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static void enable_keepalive(int sockfd)
+{
+	int ka = 1;
+
+	if (setsockopt(sockfd, SOL_SOCKET, SO_KEEPALIVE, &ka, sizeof(ka)) < 0)
+		fprintf(stderr, "unable to set SO_KEEPALIVE on socket: %s\n",
+			strerror(errno));
+}
+
 #ifndef NO_IPV6
 
 static const char *ai_name(const struct addrinfo *ai)
@@ -239,6 +286,8 @@
 	if (sockfd < 0)
 		die("unable to connect to %s:\n%s", host, error_message.buf);
 
+	enable_keepalive(sockfd);
+
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
 		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
 
@@ -312,6 +361,8 @@
 	if (sockfd < 0)
 		die("unable to connect to %s:\n%s", host, error_message.buf);
 
+	enable_keepalive(sockfd);
+
 	if (flags & CONNECT_VERBOSE)
 		fprintf(stderr, "done.\n");
 
@@ -528,7 +579,7 @@
 	 * Add support for ssh port: ssh://host.xy:<port>/...
 	 */
 	if (protocol == PROTO_SSH && host != url)
-		port = get_port(host);
+		port = get_port(end);
 
 	if (protocol == PROTO_GIT) {
 		/* These underlying connection commands die() if they
@@ -619,47 +670,3 @@
 	free(conn);
 	return code;
 }
-
-char *git_getpass(const char *prompt)
-{
-	const char *askpass;
-	struct child_process pass;
-	const char *args[3];
-	static struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	askpass = getenv("GIT_ASKPASS");
-	if (!askpass)
-		askpass = askpass_program;
-	if (!askpass)
-		askpass = getenv("SSH_ASKPASS");
-	if (!askpass || !(*askpass)) {
-		char *result = getpass(prompt);
-		if (!result)
-			die_errno("Could not read password");
-		return result;
-	}
-
-	args[0] = askpass;
-	args[1]	= prompt;
-	args[2] = NULL;
-
-	memset(&pass, 0, sizeof(pass));
-	pass.argv = args;
-	pass.out = -1;
-
-	if (start_command(&pass))
-		exit(1);
-
-	strbuf_reset(&buffer);
-	if (strbuf_read(&buffer, pass.out, 20) < 0)
-		die("failed to read password from %s\n", askpass);
-
-	close(pass.out);
-
-	if (finish_command(&pass))
-		exit(1);
-
-	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, strcspn(buffer.buf, "\r\n"));
-
-	return buffer.buf;
-}
diff --git a/connected.c b/connected.c
index d762423..1e89c1c 100644
--- a/connected.c
+++ b/connected.c
@@ -6,18 +6,18 @@
 /*
  * If we feed all the commits we want to verify to this command
  *
- *  $ git rev-list --verify-objects --stdin --not --all
+ *  $ git rev-list --objects --stdin --not --all
  *
  * and if it does not error out, that means everything reachable from
- * these commits locally exists and is connected to some of our
- * existing refs.
+ * these commits locally exists and is connected to our existing refs.
+ * Note that this does _not_ validate the individual objects.
  *
  * Returns 0 if everything is connected, non-zero otherwise.
  */
 int check_everything_connected(sha1_iterate_fn fn, int quiet, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct child_process rev_list;
-	const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", "--verify-objects",
+	const char *argv[] = {"rev-list", "--objects",
 			      "--stdin", "--not", "--all", NULL, NULL};
 	char commit[41];
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/INSTALL b/contrib/ciabot/INSTALL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7222961
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/INSTALL
@@ -0,0 +1,54 @@
+= Installation instructions =
+
+Two scripts are included.  The Python one (ciabot.py) is faster and
+more capable; the shell one (ciabot.sh) is a fallback in case Python
+gives your git hosting site indigestion. (I know of no such sites.)
+
+It is no longer necessary to modify the script in order to put it
+in place; in fact, this is now discouraged. It is entirely
+configurable with the following git config variables:
+
+ciabot.project = name of the project
+ciabot.repo = name of the project repo for gitweb/cgit purposes
+ciabot.xmlrpc  = if true, ship notifications via XML-RPC
+ciabot.revformat = format in which the revision is shown
+
+The revformat variable may have the following values
+raw -> full hex ID of commit
+short -> first 12 chars of hex ID
+describe -> describe relative to last tag, falling back to short
+
+ciabot.project defaults to the directory name of the repository toplevel.
+ciabot.repo defaults to ciabot.project lowercased.
+ciabot.xmlrpc defaults to True
+ciabot.revformat defaults to 'describe'.
+
+This means that in the normal case you need not do any configuration at all,
+however setting ciabot.project will allow the hook to run slightly faster.
+
+Once you've set these variables, try your script with -n to see the
+notification message dumped to stdout and verify that it looks sane.
+
+To live-test these scripts, your project needs to have been registered with
+the CIA site.  Here are the steps:
+
+1. Open an IRC window on irc://freenode/commits or your registered
+   project IRC channel.
+
+2. Run ciabot.py and/or ciabot.sh from any directory under git
+   control.
+
+You should see a notification on the channel for your most recent commit.
+
+After verifying correct function, install one of these scripts either
+in a post-commit hook or in an update hook.
+
+In post-commit, run it without arguments. It will query for
+current HEAD and the latest commit ID to get the information it
+needs.
+
+In update, call it with a refname followed by a list of commits:
+You want to reverse the order git rev-list emits because it lists
+from most recent to oldest.
+
+/path/to/ciabot.py ${refname} $(git rev-list ${oldhead}..${newhead} | tac)
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/README b/contrib/ciabot/README
index 3b916ac..2dfe1f9 100644
--- a/contrib/ciabot/README
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/README
@@ -8,5 +8,4 @@
 better documented.  The shell version is maintained only as a fallback
 for use on hosting sites that don't permit Python hook scripts.
 
-You will find installation instructions for each script in its comment
-header.
+See the file INSTALL for installation instructions.
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
index 9775dff..36b5665 100755
--- a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.py
@@ -10,44 +10,51 @@
 # usage: ciabot.py [-V] [-n] [-p projectname]  [refname [commits...]]
 #
 # This script is meant to be run either in a post-commit hook or in an
-# update hook.  If there's nothing unusual about your hosting setup,
-# you can specify the project name with a -p option and avoid having
-# to modify this script.  Try it with -n to see the notification mail
-# dumped to stdout and verify that it looks sane. With -V it dumps its
-# version and exits.
+# update hook. Try it with -n to see the notification mail dumped to
+# stdout and verify that it looks sane. With -V it dumps its version
+# and exits.
 #
-# In post-commit, run it without arguments (other than possibly a -p
-# option). It will query for current HEAD and the latest commit ID to
-# get the information it needs.
+# In post-commit, run it without arguments. It will query for
+# current HEAD and the latest commit ID to get the information it
+# needs.
 #
 # In update, call it with a refname followed by a list of commits:
-# You want to reverse the order git rev-list emits becxause it lists
+# You want to reverse the order git rev-list emits because it lists
 # from most recent to oldest.
 #
 # /path/to/ciabot.py ${refname} $(git rev-list ${oldhead}..${newhead} | tac)
 #
-# Note: this script uses mail, not XML-RPC, in order to avoid stalling
-# until timeout when the CIA XML-RPC server is down.
+# Configuration variables affecting this script:
+#
+# ciabot.project = name of the project
+# ciabot.repo = name of the project repo for gitweb/cgit purposes
+# ciabot.xmlrpc  = if true (default), ship notifications via XML-RPC
+# ciabot.revformat = format in which the revision is shown
+#
+# ciabot.project defaults to the directory name of the repository toplevel.
+# ciabot.repo defaults to ciabot.project lowercased.
+#
+# This means that in the normal case you need not do any configuration at all,
+# but setting the project name will speed it up slightly.
+#
+# The revformat variable may have the following values
+# raw -> full hex ID of commit
+# short -> first 12 chars of hex ID
+# describe = -> describe relative to last tag, falling back to short
+# The default is 'describe'.
+#
+# Note: the CIA project now says only XML-RPC is reliable, so
+# we default to that.
 #
 
-#
-# The project as known to CIA. You will either want to change this
-# or invoke the script with a -p option to set it.
-#
-project=None
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02000000:
+        # The limiter is the xml.sax module
+        sys.stderr.write("ciabot.py: requires Python 2.0.0 or later.\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
 
-#
-# You may not need to change these:
-#
-import os, sys, commands, socket, urllib
-
-# Name of the repository.
-# You can hardwire this to make the script faster.
-repo = os.path.basename(os.getcwd())
-
-# Fully-qualified domain name of this host.
-# You can hardwire this to make the script faster.
-host = socket.getfqdn()
+import os, commands, socket, urllib
+from xml.sax.saxutils import escape
 
 # Changeset URL prefix for your repo: when the commit ID is appended
 # to this, it should point at a CGI that will display the commit
@@ -72,7 +79,7 @@
 <message>
   <generator>
     <name>CIA Python client for Git</name>
-    <version>%(gitver)s</version>
+    <version>%(version)s</version>
     <url>%(generator)s</url>
   </generator>
   <source>
@@ -98,19 +105,18 @@
 # No user-serviceable parts below this line:
 #
 
-# Addresses for the e-mail. The from address is a dummy, since CIA
-# will never reply to this mail.
-fromaddr = "CIABOT-NOREPLY@" + host
-toaddr = "cia@cia.navi.cx"
+# Where to ship e-mail notifications.
+toaddr = "cia@cia.vc"
 
 # Identify the generator script.
 # Should only change when the script itself gets a new home and maintainer.
-generator="http://www.catb.org/~esr/ciabot.py"
+generator = "http://www.catb.org/~esr/ciabot.py"
+version = "3.6"
 
 def do(command):
     return commands.getstatusoutput(command)[1]
 
-def report(refname, merged):
+def report(refname, merged, xmlrpc=True):
     "Generate a commit notification to be reported to CIA"
 
     # Try to tinyfy a reference to a web view for this commit.
@@ -121,32 +127,27 @@
 
     branch = os.path.basename(refname)
 
-    # Compute a shortnane for the revision
-    rev = do("git describe '"+ merged +"' 2>/dev/null") or merged[:12]
+    # Compute a description for the revision
+    if revformat == 'raw':
+        rev = merged
+    elif revformat == 'short':
+        rev = ''
+    else: # revformat == 'describe'
+        rev = do("git describe %s 2>/dev/null" % merged)
+    if not rev:
+        rev = merged[:12]
 
-    # Extract the neta-information for the commit
-    rawcommit = do("git cat-file commit " + merged)
+    # Extract the meta-information for the commit
     files=do("git diff-tree -r --name-only '"+ merged +"' | sed -e '1d' -e 's-.*-<file>&</file>-'")
-    inheader = True
-    headers = {}
-    logmsg = ""
-    for line in rawcommit.split("\n"):
-        if inheader:
-            if line:
-                fields = line.split()
-                headers[fields[0]] = " ".join(fields[1:])
-            else:
-                inheader = False
-        else:
-            logmsg = line
-            break
-    (author, ts) = headers["author"].split(">")
+    metainfo = do("git log -1 '--pretty=format:%an <%ae>%n%at%n%s' " + merged)
+    (author, ts, logmsg) = metainfo.split("\n")
+    logmsg = escape(logmsg)
 
-    # This discards the part of the authors addrsss after @.
-    # Might be bnicece to ship the full email address, if not
+    # This discards the part of the author's address after @.
+    # Might be be nice to ship the full email address, if not
     # for spammers' address harvesters - getting this wrong
     # would make the freenode #commits channel into harvester heaven.
-    author = author.replace("<", "").split("@")[0].split()[-1]
+    author = escape(author.replace("<", "").split("@")[0].split()[-1])
 
     # This ignores the timezone.  Not clear what to do with it...
     ts = ts.strip().split()[0]
@@ -155,8 +156,7 @@
     context.update(globals())
 
     out = xml % context
-
-    message = '''\
+    mail = '''\
 Message-ID: <%(merged)s.%(author)s@%(project)s>
 From: %(fromaddr)s
 To: %(toaddr)s
@@ -165,34 +165,56 @@
 
 %(out)s''' % locals()
 
-    return message
+    if xmlrpc:
+        return out
+    else:
+        return mail
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     import getopt
 
+    # Get all config variables
+    revformat = do("git config --get ciabot.revformat")
+    project = do("git config --get ciabot.project")
+    repo = do("git config --get ciabot.repo")
+    xmlrpc = do("git config --get ciabot.xmlrpc")
+    xmlrpc = not (xmlrpc and xmlrpc == "false")
+
+    host = socket.getfqdn()
+    fromaddr = "CIABOT-NOREPLY@" + host
+
     try:
-        (options, arguments) = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "np:V")
+        (options, arguments) = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "np:xV")
     except getopt.GetoptError, msg:
         print "ciabot.py: " + str(msg)
         raise SystemExit, 1
 
-    mailit = True
+    notify = True
     for (switch, val) in options:
         if switch == '-p':
             project = val
         elif switch == '-n':
-            mailit = False
+            notify = False
+        elif switch == '-x':
+            xmlrpc = True
         elif switch == '-V':
-            print "ciabot.py: version 3.2"
+            print "ciabot.py: version", version
             sys.exit(0)
 
-    # Cough and die if user has not specified a project
+    # The project variable defaults to the name of the repository toplevel.
     if not project:
-        sys.stderr.write("ciabot.py: no project specified, bailing out.\n")
-        sys.exit(1)
+        here = os.getcwd()
+        while True:
+            if os.path.exists(os.path.join(here, ".git")):
+                project = os.path.basename(here)
+                break
+            elif here == '/':
+                sys.stderr.write("ciabot.py: no .git below root!\n")
+                sys.exit(1)
+            here = os.path.dirname(here)
 
-    # We'll need the git version number.
-    gitver = do("git --version").split()[0]
+    if not repo:
+        repo = project.lower()
 
     urlprefix = urlprefix % globals()
 
@@ -205,18 +227,29 @@
         refname = arguments[0]
         merges = arguments[1:]
 
-    if mailit:
-        import smtplib
-        server = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
+    if notify:
+        if xmlrpc:
+            import xmlrpclib
+            server = xmlrpclib.Server('http://cia.vc/RPC2');
+        else:
+            import smtplib
+            server = smtplib.SMTP('localhost')
 
     for merged in merges:
-        message = report(refname, merged)
-        if mailit:
-            server.sendmail(fromaddr, [toaddr], message)
-        else:
+        message = report(refname, merged, xmlrpc)
+        if not notify:
             print message
+        elif xmlrpc:
+            try:
+                # RPC server is flaky, this can fail due to timeout.
+                server.hub.deliver(message)
+            except socket.error, e:
+                sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % e)
+        else:
+            server.sendmail(fromaddr, [toaddr], message)
 
-    if mailit:
-        server.quit()
+    if notify:
+        if not xmlrpc:
+            server.quit()
 
 #End
diff --git a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.sh b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.sh
index eb87bba..3fbbc53 100755
--- a/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.sh
+++ b/contrib/ciabot/ciabot.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2006 Fernando J. Pereda <ferdy@gentoo.org>
 # Copyright (c) 2008 Natanael Copa <natanael.copa@gmail.com>
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Eric S. Raymond <esr@thyrsus.com>
+# Assistance and review by Petr Baudis, author of ciabot.pl,
+# is gratefully acknowledged.
 #
 # This is a version 3.x of ciabot.sh; use -V to find the exact
 # version.  Versions 1 and 2 were shipped in 2006 and 2008 and are not
@@ -11,6 +13,7 @@
 # Note: This script should be considered obsolete.
 # There is a faster, better-documented rewrite in Python: find it as ciabot.py
 # Use this only if your hosting site forbids Python hooks.
+# It requires: git(1), hostname(1), cut(1), sendmail(1), and wget(1).
 #
 # Originally based on Git ciabot.pl by Petr Baudis.
 # This script contains porcelain and porcelain byproducts.
@@ -18,15 +21,13 @@
 # usage: ciabot.sh [-V] [-n] [-p projectname] [refname commit]
 #
 # This script is meant to be run either in a post-commit hook or in an
-# update hook.  If there's nothing unusual about your hosting setup,
-# you can specify the project name with a -p option and avoid having
-# to modify this script.  Try it with -n first to see the notification
-# mail dumped to stdout and verify that it looks sane.  Use -V to dump
-# the version and exit.
+# update hook. Try it with -n to see the notification mail dumped to
+# stdout and verify that it looks sane. With -V it dumps its version
+# and exits.
 #
-# In post-commit, run it without arguments (other than possibly a -p
-# option). It will query for current HEAD and the latest commit ID to
-# get the information it needs.
+# In post-commit, run it without arguments. It will query for
+# current HEAD and the latest commit ID to get the information it
+# needs.
 #
 # In update, you have to call it once per merged commit:
 #
@@ -34,33 +35,76 @@
 #       oldhead=$2
 #       newhead=$3
 #       for merged in $(git rev-list ${oldhead}..${newhead} | tac) ; do
-#               /path/to/ciabot.bash ${refname} ${merged}
+#               /path/to/ciabot.sh ${refname} ${merged}
 #       done
 #
-# The reason for the tac call ids that git rev-list emits commits from
+# The reason for the tac call is that git rev-list emits commits from
 # most recent to least - better to ship notifactions from oldest to newest.
 #
-# Note: this script uses mail, not XML-RPC, in order to avoid stalling
-# until timeout when the CIA XML-RPC server is down.
+# Configuration variables affecting this script:
+#
+# ciabot.project = name of the project
+# ciabot.repo = name of the project repo for gitweb/cgit purposes
+# ciabot.revformat = format in which the revision is shown
+#
+# ciabot.project defaults to the directory name of the repository toplevel.
+# ciabot.repo defaults to ciabot.project lowercased.
+#
+# This means that in the normal case you need not do any configuration at all,
+# but setting the project name will speed it up slightly.
+#
+# The revformat variable may have the following values
+# raw -> full hex ID of commit
+# short -> first 12 chars of hex ID
+# describe = -> describe relative to last tag, falling back to short
+# The default is 'describe'.
+#
+# Note: the shell ancestors of this script used mail, not XML-RPC, in
+# order to avoid stalling until timeout when the CIA XML-RPC server is
+# down. It is unknown whether this is still an issue in 2010, but
+# XML-RPC would be annoying to do from sh in any case. (XML-RPC does
+# have the advantage that it guarantees notification of multiple commits
+# shpped from an update in their actual order.)
 #
 
-#
-# The project as known to CIA. You will either want to change this
-# or set the project name with a -p option.
-#
-project=
+# The project as known to CIA. You can set this with a -p option,
+# or let it default to the directory name of the repo toplevel.
+project=$(git config --get ciabot.project)
 
-#
-# You may not need to change these:
-#
+if [ -z $project ]
+then
+    here=`pwd`;
+    while :; do
+	if [ -d $here/.git ]
+	then
+	    project=`basename $here`
+	    break
+	elif [ $here = '/' ]
+	then
+	    echo "ciabot.sh: no .git below root!"
+	    exit 1
+	fi
+	here=`dirname $here`
+    done
+fi
 
-# Name of the repository.
-# You can hardwire this to make the script faster.
-repo="`basename ${PWD}`"
+# Name of the repo for gitweb/cgit purposes
+repo=$(git config --get ciabot.repo)
+[ -z $repo] && repo=$(echo "${project}" | tr '[A-Z]' '[a-z]')
 
-# Fully qualified domain name of the repo host.
-# You can hardwire this to make the script faster.
-host=`hostname --fqdn`
+# What revision format do we want in the summary?
+revformat=$(git config --get ciabot.revformat)
+
+# Fully qualified domain name of the repo host.  You can hardwire this
+# to make the script faster. The -f option works under Linux and FreeBSD,
+# but not OpenBSD and NetBSD. But under OpenBSD and NetBSD,
+# hostname without options gives the FQDN.
+if hostname -f >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+    hostname=`hostname -f`
+else
+    hostname=`hostname`
+fi
 
 # Changeset URL prefix for your repo: when the commit ID is appended
 # to this, it should point at a CGI that will display the commit
@@ -73,13 +117,14 @@
 # You probably will not need to change the following:
 #
 
-# Identify the script. Should change only when the script itself
-# gets a new home and maintainer.
+# Identify the script. The 'generator' variable should change only
+# when the script itself gets a new home and maintainer.
 generator="http://www.catb.org/~esr/ciabot/ciabot.sh"
+version=3.5
 
 # Addresses for the e-mail
-from="CIABOT-NOREPLY@${host}"
-to="cia@cia.navi.cx"
+from="CIABOT-NOREPLY@${hostname}"
+to="cia@cia.vc"
 
 # SMTP client to use - may need to edit the absolute pathname for your system
 sendmail="sendmail -t -f ${from}"
@@ -97,7 +142,7 @@
     case $opt in
 	p) project=$2; shift ; shift ;;
 	n) mode=dumpit; shift ;;
-	V) echo "ciabot.sh: version 3.2"; exit 0; shift ;;
+	V) echo "ciabot.sh: version $version"; exit 0; shift ;;
     esac
 done
 
@@ -128,33 +173,29 @@
 
 refname=${refname##refs/heads/}
 
-gitver=$(git --version)
-gitver=${gitver##* }
+case $revformat in
+raw) rev=$merged ;;
+short) rev='' ;;
+*) rev=$(git describe ${merged} 2>/dev/null) ;;
+esac
+[ -z ${rev} ] && rev=$(echo "$merged" | cut -c 1-12)
 
-rev=$(git describe ${merged} 2>/dev/null)
-# ${merged:0:12} was the only bashism left in the 2008 version of this
-# script, according to checkbashisms.  Replace it with ${merged} here
-# because it was just a fallback anyway, and it's worth accepting a
-# longer fallback for faster execution and removing the bash
-# dependency.
-[ -z ${rev} ] && rev=${merged}
-
-# This discards the part of the author's address after @.
+# We discard the part of the author's address after @.
 # Might be nice to ship the full email address, if not
 # for spammers' address harvesters - getting this wrong
 # would make the freenode #commits channel into harvester heaven.
-rawcommit=$(git cat-file commit ${merged})
-author=$(echo "$rawcommit" | sed -n -e '/^author .*<\([^@]*\).*$/s--\1-p')
-logmessage=$(echo "$rawcommit" | sed -e '1,/^$/d' | head -n 1)
-logmessage=$(echo "$logmessage" | sed 's/\&/&amp\;/g; s/</&lt\;/g; s/>/&gt\;/g')
-ts=$(echo "$rawcommit" | sed -n -e '/^author .*> \([0-9]\+\).*$/s--\1-p')
+author=$(git log -1 '--pretty=format:%an <%ae>' $merged)
+author=$(echo "$author" | sed -n -e '/^.*<\([^@]*\).*$/s--\1-p')
+
+logmessage=$(git log -1 '--pretty=format:%s' $merged)
+ts=$(git log -1 '--pretty=format:%at' $merged)
 files=$(git diff-tree -r --name-only ${merged} | sed -e '1d' -e 's-.*-<file>&</file>-')
 
 out="
 <message>
   <generator>
     <name>CIA Shell client for Git</name>
-    <version>${gitver}</version>
+    <version>${version}</version>
     <url>${generator}</url>
   </generator>
   <source>
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 888e8e1..5770b6f
--- a/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash
@@ -20,62 +20,8 @@
 #    1) Copy this file to somewhere (e.g. ~/.git-completion.sh).
 #    2) Add the following line to your .bashrc/.zshrc:
 #        source ~/.git-completion.sh
-#
-#    3) Consider changing your PS1 to also show the current branch:
-#         Bash: PS1='[\u@\h \W$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ '
-#         ZSH:  PS1='[%n@%m %c$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ '
-#
-#       The argument to __git_ps1 will be displayed only if you
-#       are currently in a git repository.  The %s token will be
-#       the name of the current branch.
-#
-#       In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty
-#       value, unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next
-#       to the branch name.  You can configure this per-repository
-#       with the bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true
-#       once GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled.
-#
-#       You can also see if currently something is stashed, by setting
-#       GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE to a nonempty value. If something is stashed,
-#       then a '$' will be shown next to the branch name.
-#
-#       If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can
-#       set GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're
-#       untracked files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.
-#
-#       If you would like to see the difference between HEAD and its
-#       upstream, set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="auto".  A "<" indicates
-#       you are behind, ">" indicates you are ahead, and "<>"
-#       indicates you have diverged.  You can further control
-#       behaviour by setting GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM to a space-separated
-#       list of values:
-#           verbose       show number of commits ahead/behind (+/-) upstream
-#           legacy        don't use the '--count' option available in recent
-#                         versions of git-rev-list
-#           git           always compare HEAD to @{upstream}
-#           svn           always compare HEAD to your SVN upstream
-#       By default, __git_ps1 will compare HEAD to your SVN upstream
-#       if it can find one, or @{upstream} otherwise.  Once you have
-#       set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM, you can override it on a
-#       per-repository basis by setting the bash.showUpstream config
-#       variable.
-#
-#
-# To submit patches:
-#
-#    *) Read Documentation/SubmittingPatches
-#    *) Send all patches to the current maintainer:
-#
-#       "Shawn O. Pearce" <spearce@spearce.org>
-#
-#    *) Always CC the Git mailing list:
-#
-#       git@vger.kernel.org
-#
-
-if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
-	autoload -U +X bashcompinit && bashcompinit
-fi
+#    3) Consider changing your PS1 to also show the current branch,
+#       see git-prompt.sh for details.
 
 case "$COMP_WORDBREAKS" in
 *:*) : great ;;
@@ -86,9 +32,14 @@
 # returns location of .git repo
 __gitdir ()
 {
+	# Note: this function is duplicated in git-prompt.sh
+	# When updating it, make sure you update the other one to match.
 	if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then
 		if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
 			echo "$__git_dir"
+		elif [ -n "${GIT_DIR-}" ]; then
+			test -d "${GIT_DIR-}" || return 1
+			echo "$GIT_DIR"
 		elif [ -d .git ]; then
 			echo .git
 		else
@@ -101,231 +52,16 @@
 	fi
 }
 
-# stores the divergence from upstream in $p
-# used by GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM
-__git_ps1_show_upstream ()
-{
-	local key value
-	local svn_remote=() svn_url_pattern count n
-	local upstream=git legacy="" verbose=""
-
-	# get some config options from git-config
-	while read key value; do
-		case "$key" in
-		bash.showupstream)
-			GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="$value"
-			if [[ -z "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}" ]]; then
-				p=""
-				return
-			fi
-			;;
-		svn-remote.*.url)
-			svn_remote[ $((${#svn_remote[@]} + 1)) ]="$value"
-			svn_url_pattern+="\\|$value"
-			upstream=svn+git # default upstream is SVN if available, else git
-			;;
-		esac
-	done < <(git config -z --get-regexp '^(svn-remote\..*\.url|bash\.showupstream)$' 2>/dev/null | tr '\0\n' '\n ')
-
-	# parse configuration values
-	for option in ${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}; do
-		case "$option" in
-		git|svn) upstream="$option" ;;
-		verbose) verbose=1 ;;
-		legacy)  legacy=1  ;;
-		esac
-	done
-
-	# Find our upstream
-	case "$upstream" in
-	git)    upstream="@{upstream}" ;;
-	svn*)
-		# get the upstream from the "git-svn-id: ..." in a commit message
-		# (git-svn uses essentially the same procedure internally)
-		local svn_upstream=($(git log --first-parent -1 \
-					--grep="^git-svn-id: \(${svn_url_pattern#??}\)" 2>/dev/null))
-		if [[ 0 -ne ${#svn_upstream[@]} ]]; then
-			svn_upstream=${svn_upstream[ ${#svn_upstream[@]} - 2 ]}
-			svn_upstream=${svn_upstream%@*}
-			local n_stop="${#svn_remote[@]}"
-			for ((n=1; n <= n_stop; ++n)); do
-				svn_upstream=${svn_upstream#${svn_remote[$n]}}
-			done
-
-			if [[ -z "$svn_upstream" ]]; then
-				# default branch name for checkouts with no layout:
-				upstream=${GIT_SVN_ID:-git-svn}
-			else
-				upstream=${svn_upstream#/}
-			fi
-		elif [[ "svn+git" = "$upstream" ]]; then
-			upstream="@{upstream}"
-		fi
-		;;
-	esac
-
-	# Find how many commits we are ahead/behind our upstream
-	if [[ -z "$legacy" ]]; then
-		count="$(git rev-list --count --left-right \
-				"$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-	else
-		# produce equivalent output to --count for older versions of git
-		local commits
-		if commits="$(git rev-list --left-right "$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
-		then
-			local commit behind=0 ahead=0
-			for commit in $commits
-			do
-				case "$commit" in
-				"<"*) let ++behind
-					;;
-				*)    let ++ahead
-					;;
-				esac
-			done
-			count="$behind	$ahead"
-		else
-			count=""
-		fi
-	fi
-
-	# calculate the result
-	if [[ -z "$verbose" ]]; then
-		case "$count" in
-		"") # no upstream
-			p="" ;;
-		"0	0") # equal to upstream
-			p="=" ;;
-		"0	"*) # ahead of upstream
-			p=">" ;;
-		*"	0") # behind upstream
-			p="<" ;;
-		*)	    # diverged from upstream
-			p="<>" ;;
-		esac
-	else
-		case "$count" in
-		"") # no upstream
-			p="" ;;
-		"0	0") # equal to upstream
-			p=" u=" ;;
-		"0	"*) # ahead of upstream
-			p=" u+${count#0	}" ;;
-		*"	0") # behind upstream
-			p=" u-${count%	0}" ;;
-		*)	    # diverged from upstream
-			p=" u+${count#*	}-${count%	*}" ;;
-		esac
-	fi
-
-}
-
-
-# __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
-# returns text to add to bash PS1 prompt (includes branch name)
-__git_ps1 ()
-{
-	local g="$(__gitdir)"
-	if [ -n "$g" ]; then
-		local r=""
-		local b=""
-		if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
-			r="|REBASE-i"
-			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
-		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
-			r="|REBASE-m"
-			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
-		else
-			if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then
-				if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then
-					r="|REBASE"
-				elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then
-					r="|AM"
-				else
-					r="|AM/REBASE"
-				fi
-			elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
-				r="|MERGING"
-			elif [ -f "$g/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD" ]; then
-				r="|CHERRY-PICKING"
-			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
-				r="|BISECTING"
-			fi
-
-			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" || {
-
-				b="$(
-				case "${GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE-}" in
-				(contains)
-					git describe --contains HEAD ;;
-				(branch)
-					git describe --contains --all HEAD ;;
-				(describe)
-					git describe HEAD ;;
-				(* | default)
-					git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD ;;
-				esac 2>/dev/null)" ||
-
-				b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." ||
-				b="unknown"
-				b="($b)"
-			}
-		fi
-
-		local w=""
-		local i=""
-		local s=""
-		local u=""
-		local c=""
-		local p=""
-
-		if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-			if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-				c="BARE:"
-			else
-				b="GIT_DIR!"
-			fi
-		elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then
-				if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then
-					git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
-					if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
-						git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
-					else
-						i="#"
-					fi
-				fi
-			fi
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then
-			        git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$"
-			fi
-
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then
-			   if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
-			      u="%"
-			   fi
-			fi
-
-			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM-}" ]; then
-				__git_ps1_show_upstream
-			fi
-		fi
-
-		local f="$w$i$s$u"
-		printf "${1:- (%s)}" "$c${b##refs/heads/}${f:+ $f}$r$p"
-	fi
-}
-
-# __gitcomp_1 requires 2 arguments
 __gitcomp_1 ()
 {
-	local c IFS=' '$'\t'$'\n'
+	local c IFS=$' \t\n'
 	for c in $1; do
-		case "$c$2" in
-		--*=*) printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;;
-		*.)    printf %s$'\n' "$c$2" ;;
-		*)     printf %s$'\n' "$c$2 " ;;
+		c="$c$2"
+		case $c in
+		--*=*|*.) ;;
+		*) c="$c " ;;
 		esac
+		printf '%s\n' "$c"
 	done
 }
 
@@ -429,7 +165,6 @@
 }
 
 if ! type _get_comp_words_by_ref >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-if [[ -z ${ZSH_VERSION:+set} ]]; then
 _get_comp_words_by_ref ()
 {
 	local exclude cur_ words_ cword_
@@ -457,43 +192,19 @@
 		shift
 	done
 }
-else
-_get_comp_words_by_ref ()
-{
-	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
-		case "$1" in
-		cur)
-			cur=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD]}
-			;;
-		prev)
-			prev=${COMP_WORDS[COMP_CWORD-1]}
-			;;
-		words)
-			words=("${COMP_WORDS[@]}")
-			;;
-		cword)
-			cword=$COMP_CWORD
-			;;
-		-n)
-			# assume COMP_WORDBREAKS is already set sanely
-			shift
-			;;
-		esac
-		shift
-	done
-}
-fi
 fi
 
-# __gitcomp accepts 1, 2, 3, or 4 arguments
-# generates completion reply with compgen
+# Generates completion reply with compgen, appending a space to possible
+# completion words, if necessary.
+# It accepts 1 to 4 arguments:
+# 1: List of possible completion words.
+# 2: A prefix to be added to each possible completion word (optional).
+# 3: Generate possible completion matches for this word (optional).
+# 4: A suffix to be appended to each possible completion word (optional).
 __gitcomp ()
 {
-	local cur_="$cur"
+	local cur_="${3-$cur}"
 
-	if [ $# -gt 2 ]; then
-		cur_="$3"
-	fi
 	case "$cur_" in
 	--*=)
 		COMPREPLY=()
@@ -507,42 +218,39 @@
 	esac
 }
 
-# __git_heads accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
+# Generates completion reply with compgen from newline-separated possible
+# completion words by appending a space to all of them.
+# It accepts 1 to 4 arguments:
+# 1: List of possible completion words, separated by a single newline.
+# 2: A prefix to be added to each possible completion word (optional).
+# 3: Generate possible completion matches for this word (optional).
+# 4: A suffix to be appended to each possible completion word instead of
+#    the default space (optional).  If specified but empty, nothing is
+#    appended.
+__gitcomp_nl ()
+{
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "${2-}" -S "${4- }" -W "$1" -- "${3-$cur}"))
+}
+
 __git_heads ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
 			refs/heads
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$is_hash,$i" in
-		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
-		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
-		n,refs/heads/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/heads/}" ;;
-		n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;;
-		esac
-	done
 }
 
-# __git_tags accepts 0 or 1 arguments (to pass to __gitdir)
 __git_tags ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")"
+	local dir="$(__gitdir)"
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --format='%(refname:short)' \
 			refs/tags
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "${1-}" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$is_hash,$i" in
-		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
-		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
-		n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;;
-		n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;;
-		esac
-	done
 }
 
 # __git_refs accepts 0, 1 (to pass to __gitdir), or 2 arguments
@@ -550,7 +258,7 @@
 # by checkout for tracking branches
 __git_refs ()
 {
-	local i is_hash=y dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" track="${2-}"
+	local i hash dir="$(__gitdir "${1-}")" track="${2-}"
 	local format refs
 	if [ -d "$dir" ]; then
 		case "$cur" in
@@ -576,26 +284,37 @@
 			local ref entry
 			git --git-dir="$dir" for-each-ref --shell --format="ref=%(refname:short)" \
 				"refs/remotes/" | \
-			while read entry; do
+			while read -r entry; do
 				eval "$entry"
 				ref="${ref#*/}"
 				if [[ "$ref" == "$cur"* ]]; then
 					echo "$ref"
 				fi
-			done | uniq -u
+			done | sort | uniq -u
 		fi
 		return
 	fi
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "$dir" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$is_hash,$i" in
-		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
-		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
-		n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/tags/}" ;;
-		n,refs/heads/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/heads/}" ;;
-		n,refs/remotes/*) is_hash=y; echo "${i#refs/remotes/}" ;;
-		n,*) is_hash=y; echo "$i" ;;
-		esac
-	done
+	case "$cur" in
+	refs|refs/*)
+		git ls-remote "$dir" "$cur*" 2>/dev/null | \
+		while read -r hash i; do
+			case "$i" in
+			*^{}) ;;
+			*) echo "$i" ;;
+			esac
+		done
+		;;
+	*)
+		git ls-remote "$dir" HEAD ORIG_HEAD 'refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*' 'refs/remotes/*' 2>/dev/null | \
+		while read -r hash i; do
+			case "$i" in
+			*^{}) ;;
+			refs/*) echo "${i#refs/*/}" ;;
+			*) echo "$i" ;;
+			esac
+		done
+		;;
+	esac
 }
 
 # __git_refs2 requires 1 argument (to pass to __git_refs)
@@ -610,30 +329,17 @@
 # __git_refs_remotes requires 1 argument (to pass to ls-remote)
 __git_refs_remotes ()
 {
-	local cmd i is_hash=y
-	for i in $(git ls-remote "$1" 2>/dev/null); do
-		case "$is_hash,$i" in
-		n,refs/heads/*)
-			is_hash=y
-			echo "$i:refs/remotes/$1/${i#refs/heads/}"
-			;;
-		y,*) is_hash=n ;;
-		n,*^{}) is_hash=y ;;
-		n,refs/tags/*) is_hash=y;;
-		n,*) is_hash=y; ;;
-		esac
+	local i hash
+	git ls-remote "$1" 'refs/heads/*' 2>/dev/null | \
+	while read -r hash i; do
+		echo "$i:refs/remotes/$1/${i#refs/heads/}"
 	done
 }
 
 __git_remotes ()
 {
-	local i ngoff IFS=$'\n' d="$(__gitdir)"
-	__git_shopt -q nullglob || ngoff=1
-	__git_shopt -s nullglob
-	for i in "$d/remotes"/*; do
-		echo ${i#$d/remotes/}
-	done
-	[ "$ngoff" ] && __git_shopt -u nullglob
+	local i IFS=$'\n' d="$(__gitdir)"
+	test -d "$d/remotes" && ls -1 "$d/remotes"
 	for i in $(git --git-dir="$d" config --get-regexp 'remote\..*\.url' 2>/dev/null); do
 		i="${i#remote.}"
 		echo "${i/.url*/}"
@@ -660,7 +366,8 @@
 # is needed.
 __git_compute_merge_strategies ()
 {
-	: ${__git_merge_strategies:=$(__git_list_merge_strategies)}
+	test -n "$__git_merge_strategies" ||
+	__git_merge_strategies=$(__git_list_merge_strategies)
 }
 
 __git_complete_revlist_file ()
@@ -690,9 +397,7 @@
 		*)   pfx="$ref:$pfx" ;;
 		esac
 
-		local IFS=$'\n'
-		COMPREPLY=($(compgen -P "$pfx" \
-			-W "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" ls-tree "$ls" \
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" ls-tree "$ls" 2>/dev/null \
 				| sed '/^100... blob /{
 				           s,^.*	,,
 				           s,$, ,
@@ -706,20 +411,20 @@
 				           s,$,/,
 				       }
 				       s/^.*	//')" \
-			-- "$cur_"))
+			"$pfx" "$cur_" ""
 		;;
 	*...*)
 		pfx="${cur_%...*}..."
 		cur_="${cur_#*...}"
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		;;
 	*..*)
 		pfx="${cur_%..*}.."
 		cur_="${cur_#*..}"
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -739,6 +444,9 @@
 {
 	local cur_="$cur" cmd="${words[1]}"
 	local i c=2 remote="" pfx="" lhs=1 no_complete_refspec=0
+	if [ "$cmd" = "remote" ]; then
+		((c++))
+	fi
 	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
@@ -756,10 +464,10 @@
 		-*) ;;
 		*) remote="$i"; break ;;
 		esac
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 	if [ -z "$remote" ]; then
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 	fi
 	if [ $no_complete_refspec = 1 ]; then
@@ -784,23 +492,23 @@
 	case "$cmd" in
 	fetch)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs2 "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
-	pull)
+	pull|remote)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
 	push)
 		if [ $lhs = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		else
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs "$remote")" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -823,10 +531,19 @@
 	return 1
 }
 
+__git_commands () {
+	if test -n "${GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION:-}"
+	then
+		printf "%s" "${GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION}"
+	else
+		git help -a|egrep '^  [a-zA-Z0-9]'
+	fi
+}
+
 __git_list_all_commands ()
 {
 	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
-	for i in $(git help -a|egrep '^  [a-zA-Z0-9]')
+	for i in $(__git_commands)
 	do
 		case $i in
 		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
@@ -838,14 +555,15 @@
 __git_all_commands=
 __git_compute_all_commands ()
 {
-	: ${__git_all_commands:=$(__git_list_all_commands)}
+	test -n "$__git_all_commands" ||
+	__git_all_commands=$(__git_list_all_commands)
 }
 
 __git_list_porcelain_commands ()
 {
 	local i IFS=" "$'\n'
 	__git_compute_all_commands
-	for i in "help" $__git_all_commands
+	for i in $__git_all_commands
 	do
 		case $i in
 		*--*)             : helper pattern;;
@@ -854,10 +572,13 @@
 		archimport)       : import;;
 		cat-file)         : plumbing;;
 		check-attr)       : plumbing;;
+		check-ignore)     : plumbing;;
 		check-ref-format) : plumbing;;
 		checkout-index)   : plumbing;;
 		commit-tree)      : plumbing;;
 		count-objects)    : infrequent;;
+		credential-cache) : credentials helper;;
+		credential-store) : credentials helper;;
 		cvsexportcommit)  : export;;
 		cvsimport)        : import;;
 		cvsserver)        : daemon;;
@@ -931,7 +652,8 @@
 __git_compute_porcelain_commands ()
 {
 	__git_compute_all_commands
-	: ${__git_porcelain_commands:=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)}
+	test -n "$__git_porcelain_commands" ||
+	__git_porcelain_commands=$(__git_list_porcelain_commands)
 }
 
 __git_pretty_aliases ()
@@ -994,7 +716,7 @@
 				return
 			fi
 		done
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 }
 
@@ -1005,7 +727,7 @@
 		if [ "--" = "${words[c]}" ]; then
 			return 0
 		fi
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 	return 1
 }
@@ -1079,7 +801,7 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	--remote=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--remote=}"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--remote=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
@@ -1110,7 +832,7 @@
 
 	case "$subcommand" in
 	bad|good|reset|skip|start)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	*)
 		COMPREPLY=()
@@ -1128,22 +850,26 @@
 		-d|-m)	only_local_ref="y" ;;
 		-r)	has_r="y" ;;
 		esac
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 
 	case "$cur" in
+	--set-upstream-to=*)
+		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur##--set-upstream-to=}"
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--color --no-color --verbose --abbrev= --no-abbrev
 			--track --no-track --contains --merged --no-merged
-			--set-upstream
+			--set-upstream-to= --edit-description --list
+			--unset-upstream
 			"
 		;;
 	*)
 		if [ $only_local_ref = "y" -a $has_r = "n" ]; then
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_heads)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_heads)"
 		else
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1190,7 +916,7 @@
 		if [ -n "$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$flags")" ]; then
 			track=''
 		fi
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs '' $track)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs '' $track)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1207,7 +933,7 @@
 		__gitcomp "--edit --no-commit"
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -1242,6 +968,8 @@
 			--upload-pack
 			--template=
 			--depth
+			--single-branch
+			--branch
 			"
 		return
 		;;
@@ -1253,6 +981,13 @@
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
+	case "$prev" in
+	-c|-C)
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur}"
+		return
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	case "$cur" in
 	--cleanup=*)
 		__gitcomp "default strip verbatim whitespace
@@ -1261,7 +996,7 @@
 		;;
 	--reuse-message=*|--reedit-message=*|\
 	--fixup=*|--squash=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--untracked-files=*)
@@ -1271,7 +1006,8 @@
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "
 			--all --author= --signoff --verify --no-verify
-			--edit --amend --include --only --interactive
+			--edit --no-edit
+			--amend --include --only --interactive
 			--dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message=
 			--reset-author --file= --message= --template=
 			--cleanup= --untracked-files --untracked-files=
@@ -1292,7 +1028,7 @@
 			"
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 __git_diff_common_options="--stat --numstat --shortstat --summary
@@ -1328,7 +1064,7 @@
 }
 
 __git_mergetools_common="diffuse ecmerge emerge kdiff3 meld opendiff
-			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge bc3
+			tkdiff vimdiff gvimdiff xxdiff araxis p4merge bc3 codecompare
 "
 
 _git_difftool ()
@@ -1368,6 +1104,14 @@
 	__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 }
 
+__git_format_patch_options="
+	--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread= --output-directory
+	--numbered --start-number --numbered-files --keep-subject --signoff
+	--signature --no-signature --in-reply-to= --cc= --full-index --binary
+	--not --all --cover-letter --no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
+	--inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream --subject-prefix=
+"
+
 _git_format_patch ()
 {
 	case "$cur" in
@@ -1378,21 +1122,7 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
-		__gitcomp "
-			--stdout --attach --no-attach --thread --thread=
-			--output-directory
-			--numbered --start-number
-			--numbered-files
-			--keep-subject
-			--signoff --signature --no-signature
-			--in-reply-to= --cc=
-			--full-index --binary
-			--not --all
-			--cover-letter
-			--no-prefix --src-prefix= --dst-prefix=
-			--inline --suffix= --ignore-if-in-upstream
-			--subject-prefix=
-			"
+		__gitcomp "$__git_format_patch_options"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
@@ -1429,6 +1159,10 @@
 	_gitk
 }
 
+__git_match_ctag() {
+	awk "/^${1////\\/}/ { print \$1 }" "$2"
+}
+
 _git_grep ()
 {
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
@@ -1451,7 +1185,16 @@
 		;;
 	esac
 
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	case "$cword,$prev" in
+	2,*|*,-*)
+		if test -r tags; then
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_match_ctag "$cur" tags)"
+			return
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_help ()
@@ -1509,7 +1252,7 @@
 
 _git_ls_remote ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 }
 
 _git_ls_tree ()
@@ -1593,7 +1336,7 @@
 
 __git_merge_options="
 	--no-commit --no-stat --log --no-log --squash --strategy
-	--commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff --ff-only
+	--commit --stat --no-squash --ff --no-ff --ff-only --edit --no-edit
 "
 
 _git_merge ()
@@ -1605,7 +1348,7 @@
 		__gitcomp "$__git_merge_options"
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_mergetool ()
@@ -1625,7 +1368,7 @@
 
 _git_merge_base ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_mv ()
@@ -1654,9 +1397,9 @@
 		__gitcomp '--ref'
 		;;
 	,*)
-		case "${words[cword-1]}" in
+		case "$prev" in
 		--ref)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 			;;
 		*)
 			__gitcomp "$subcommands --ref"
@@ -1665,7 +1408,7 @@
 		;;
 	add,--reuse-message=*|append,--reuse-message=*|\
 	add,--reedit-message=*|append,--reedit-message=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)" "" "${cur#*=}"
 		;;
 	add,--*|append,--*)
 		__gitcomp '--file= --message= --reedit-message=
@@ -1680,11 +1423,11 @@
 	prune,*)
 		;;
 	*)
-		case "${words[cword-1]}" in
+		case "$prev" in
 		-m|-F)
 			;;
 		*)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 			;;
 		esac
 		;;
@@ -1712,12 +1455,12 @@
 {
 	case "$prev" in
 	--repo)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 	esac
 	case "$cur" in
 	--repo=*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--repo=}"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)" "" "${cur##--repo=}"
 		return
 		;;
 	--*)
@@ -1755,7 +1498,7 @@
 
 		return
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_reflog ()
@@ -1766,7 +1509,7 @@
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
 	else
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 	fi
 }
 
@@ -1793,6 +1536,12 @@
 		__gitcomp "ssl tls" "" "${cur##--smtp-encryption=}"
 		return
 		;;
+	--thread=*)
+		__gitcomp "
+			deep shallow
+			" "" "${cur##--thread=}"
+		return
+		;;
 	--*)
 		__gitcomp "--annotate --bcc --cc --cc-cmd --chain-reply-to
 			--compose --confirm= --dry-run --envelope-sender
@@ -1802,11 +1551,12 @@
 			--signed-off-by-cc --smtp-pass --smtp-server
 			--smtp-server-port --smtp-encryption= --smtp-user
 			--subject --suppress-cc= --suppress-from --thread --to
-			--validate --no-validate"
+			--validate --no-validate
+			$__git_format_patch_options"
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	COMPREPLY=()
+	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
 _git_stage ()
@@ -1834,7 +1584,7 @@
 	done
 
 	git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" config $config_file --list 2>/dev/null |
-	while read line
+	while read -r line
 	do
 		case "$line" in
 		*.*=*)
@@ -1848,23 +1598,27 @@
 {
 	case "$prev" in
 	branch.*.remote)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
 		return
 		;;
 	branch.*.merge)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*.fetch)
 		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.fetch}"
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs_remotes "$remote")"
+		if [ -z "$cur" ]; then
+			COMPREPLY=("refs/heads/")
+			return
+		fi
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs_remotes "$remote")"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*.push)
 		local remote="${prev#remote.}"
 		remote="${remote%.push}"
-		__gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" \
 			for-each-ref --format='%(refname):%(refname)' \
 			refs/heads)"
 		return
@@ -1911,7 +1665,7 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	--get|--get-all|--unset|--unset-all)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_config_get_set_variables)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_config_get_set_variables)"
 		return
 		;;
 	*.*)
@@ -1937,7 +1691,7 @@
 		;;
 	branch.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur#*.}"
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_heads)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
 		return
 		;;
 	guitool.*.*)
@@ -1966,7 +1720,7 @@
 	pager.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur#*.}"
 		__git_compute_all_commands
-		__gitcomp "$__git_all_commands" "$pfx" "$cur_"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$__git_all_commands" "$pfx" "$cur_"
 		return
 		;;
 	remote.*.*)
@@ -1979,7 +1733,7 @@
 		;;
 	remote.*)
 		local pfx="${cur%.*}." cur_="${cur#*.}"
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)" "$pfx" "$cur_" "."
 		return
 		;;
 	url.*.*)
@@ -2085,6 +1839,7 @@
 		core.whitespace
 		core.worktree
 		diff.autorefreshindex
+		diff.statGraphWidth
 		diff.external
 		diff.ignoreSubmodules
 		diff.mnemonicprefix
@@ -2271,7 +2026,7 @@
 
 _git_remote ()
 {
-	local subcommands="add rename rm show prune update set-head"
+	local subcommands="add rename remove set-head set-branches set-url show prune update"
 	local subcommand="$(__git_find_on_cmdline "$subcommands")"
 	if [ -z "$subcommand" ]; then
 		__gitcomp "$subcommands"
@@ -2279,8 +2034,11 @@
 	fi
 
 	case "$subcommand" in
-	rename|rm|show|prune)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_remotes)"
+	rename|remove|set-url|show|prune)
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_remotes)"
+		;;
+	set-head|set-branches)
+		__git_complete_remote_or_refspec
 		;;
 	update)
 		local i c='' IFS=$'\n'
@@ -2298,7 +2056,7 @@
 
 _git_replace ()
 {
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_reset ()
@@ -2311,7 +2069,7 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_revert ()
@@ -2322,7 +2080,7 @@
 		return
 		;;
 	esac
-	__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+	__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 }
 
 _git_rm ()
@@ -2421,7 +2179,7 @@
 			COMPREPLY=()
 			;;
 		show,*|apply,*|drop,*|pop,*|branch,*)
-			__gitcomp "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(git --git-dir="$(__gitdir)" stash list \
 					| sed -n -e 's/:.*//p')"
 			;;
 		*)
@@ -2494,7 +2252,7 @@
 			__gitcomp "
 				--merge --strategy= --verbose --dry-run
 				--fetch-all --no-rebase --commit-url
-				--revision $cmt_opts $fc_opts
+				--revision --interactive $cmt_opts $fc_opts
 				"
 			;;
 		set-tree,--*)
@@ -2555,14 +2313,14 @@
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		-d|-v)
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_tags)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_tags)"
 			return
 			;;
 		-f)
 			f=1
 			;;
 		esac
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 
 	case "$prev" in
@@ -2571,13 +2329,13 @@
 		;;
 	-*|tag)
 		if [ $f = 1 ]; then
-			__gitcomp "$(__git_tags)"
+			__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_tags)"
 		else
 			COMPREPLY=()
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)
-		__gitcomp "$(__git_refs)"
+		__gitcomp_nl "$(__git_refs)"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -2587,31 +2345,21 @@
 	_git_log
 }
 
-_git ()
+__git_main ()
 {
 	local i c=1 command __git_dir
 
-	if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
-		emulate -L bash
-		setopt KSH_TYPESET
-
-		# workaround zsh's bug that leaves 'words' as a special
-		# variable in versions < 4.3.12
-		typeset -h words
-	fi
-
-	local cur words cword prev
-	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword prev
 	while [ $c -lt $cword ]; do
 		i="${words[c]}"
 		case "$i" in
 		--git-dir=*) __git_dir="${i#--git-dir=}" ;;
 		--bare)      __git_dir="." ;;
-		--version|-p|--paginate) ;;
 		--help) command="help"; break ;;
+		-c) c=$((++c)) ;;
+		-*) ;;
 		*) command="$i"; break ;;
 		esac
-		c=$((++c))
+		((c++))
 	done
 
 	if [ -z "$command" ]; then
@@ -2623,9 +2371,12 @@
 			--bare
 			--version
 			--exec-path
+			--exec-path=
 			--html-path
+			--info-path
 			--work-tree=
 			--namespace=
+			--no-replace-objects
 			--help
 			"
 			;;
@@ -2645,20 +2396,8 @@
 	fi
 }
 
-_gitk ()
+__gitk_main ()
 {
-	if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
-		emulate -L bash
-		setopt KSH_TYPESET
-
-		# workaround zsh's bug that leaves 'words' as a special
-		# variable in versions < 4.3.12
-		typeset -h words
-	fi
-
-	local cur words cword prev
-	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword prev
-
 	__git_has_doubledash && return
 
 	local g="$(__gitdir)"
@@ -2679,46 +2418,106 @@
 	__git_complete_revlist
 }
 
-complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git 2>/dev/null \
-	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git
-complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk 2>/dev/null \
-	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _gitk gitk
+if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
+	echo "WARNING: this script is deprecated, please see git-completion.zsh" 1>&2
+
+	autoload -U +X compinit && compinit
+
+	__gitcomp ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+
+		local cur_="${3-$cur}"
+
+		case "$cur_" in
+		--*=)
+			;;
+		*)
+			local c IFS=$' \t\n'
+			local -a array
+			for c in ${=1}; do
+				c="$c${4-}"
+				case $c in
+				--*=*|*.) ;;
+				*) c="$c " ;;
+				esac
+				array[$#array+1]="$c"
+			done
+			compset -P '*[=:]'
+			compadd -Q -S '' -p "${2-}" -a -- array && _ret=0
+			;;
+		esac
+	}
+
+	__gitcomp_nl ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+
+		local IFS=$'\n'
+		compset -P '*[=:]'
+		compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+	}
+
+	__git_zsh_helper ()
+	{
+		emulate -L ksh
+		local cur cword prev
+		cur=${words[CURRENT-1]}
+		prev=${words[CURRENT-2]}
+		let cword=CURRENT-1
+		__${service}_main
+	}
+
+	_git ()
+	{
+		emulate -L zsh
+		local _ret=1
+		__git_zsh_helper
+		let _ret && _default -S '' && _ret=0
+		return _ret
+	}
+
+	compdef _git git gitk
+	return
+fi
+
+__git_func_wrap ()
+{
+	local cur words cword prev
+	_get_comp_words_by_ref -n =: cur words cword prev
+	$1
+}
+
+# Setup completion for certain functions defined above by setting common
+# variables and workarounds.
+# This is NOT a public function; use at your own risk.
+__git_complete ()
+{
+	local wrapper="__git_wrap${2}"
+	eval "$wrapper () { __git_func_wrap $2 ; }"
+	complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F $wrapper $1 2>/dev/null \
+		|| complete -o default -o nospace -F $wrapper $1
+}
+
+# wrapper for backwards compatibility
+_git ()
+{
+	__git_wrap__git_main
+}
+
+# wrapper for backwards compatibility
+_gitk ()
+{
+	__git_wrap__gitk_main
+}
+
+__git_complete git __git_main
+__git_complete gitk __gitk_main
 
 # The following are necessary only for Cygwin, and only are needed
 # when the user has tab-completed the executable name and consequently
 # included the '.exe' suffix.
 #
 if [ Cygwin = "$(uname -o 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
-complete -o bashdefault -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe 2>/dev/null \
-	|| complete -o default -o nospace -F _git git.exe
-fi
-
-if [[ -n ${ZSH_VERSION-} ]]; then
-	__git_shopt () {
-		local option
-		if [ $# -ne 2 ]; then
-			echo "USAGE: $0 (-q|-s|-u) <option>" >&2
-			return 1
-		fi
-		case "$2" in
-		nullglob)
-			option="$2"
-			;;
-		*)
-			echo "$0: invalid option: $2" >&2
-			return 1
-		esac
-		case "$1" in
-		-q)	setopt | grep -q "$option" ;;
-		-u)	unsetopt "$option" ;;
-		-s)	setopt "$option" ;;
-		*)
-			echo "$0: invalid flag: $1" >&2
-			return 1
-		esac
-	}
-else
-	__git_shopt () {
-		shopt "$@"
-	}
+__git_complete git.exe __git_main
 fi
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3e3889f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.tcsh
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+#!tcsh
+#
+# tcsh completion support for core Git.
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Marc Khouzam <marc.khouzam@gmail.com>
+# Distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0.
+#
+# When sourced, this script will generate a new script that uses
+# the git-completion.bash script provided by core Git.  This new
+# script can be used by tcsh to perform git completion.
+# The current script also issues the necessary tcsh 'complete'
+# commands.
+#
+# To use this completion script:
+#
+#    0) You need tcsh 6.16.00 or newer.
+#    1) Copy both this file and the bash completion script to ${HOME}.
+#       You _must_ use the name ${HOME}/.git-completion.bash for the
+#       bash script.
+#       (e.g. ~/.git-completion.tcsh and ~/.git-completion.bash).
+#    2) Add the following line to your .tcshrc/.cshrc:
+#        source ~/.git-completion.tcsh
+#    3) For completion similar to bash, it is recommended to also
+#       add the following line to your .tcshrc/.cshrc:
+#        set autolist=ambiguous
+#       It will tell tcsh to list the possible completion choices.
+
+set __git_tcsh_completion_version = `\echo ${tcsh} | \sed 's/\./ /g'`
+if ( ${__git_tcsh_completion_version[1]} < 6 || \
+     ( ${__git_tcsh_completion_version[1]} == 6 && \
+       ${__git_tcsh_completion_version[2]} < 16 ) ) then
+	echo "git-completion.tcsh: Your version of tcsh is too old, you need version 6.16.00 or newer.  Git completion will not work."
+	exit
+endif
+unset __git_tcsh_completion_version
+
+set __git_tcsh_completion_original_script = ${HOME}/.git-completion.bash
+set __git_tcsh_completion_script = ${HOME}/.git-completion.tcsh.bash
+
+# Check that the user put the script in the right place
+if ( ! -e ${__git_tcsh_completion_original_script} ) then
+	echo "git-completion.tcsh: Cannot find: ${__git_tcsh_completion_original_script}.  Git completion will not work."
+	exit
+endif
+
+cat << EOF > ${__git_tcsh_completion_script}
+#!bash
+#
+# This script is GENERATED and will be overwritten automatically.
+# Do not modify it directly.  Instead, modify git-completion.tcsh
+# and source it again.
+
+source ${__git_tcsh_completion_original_script}
+
+# Set COMP_WORDS in a way that can be handled by the bash script.
+COMP_WORDS=(\$2)
+
+# The cursor is at the end of parameter #1.
+# We must check for a space as the last character which will
+# tell us that the previous word is complete and the cursor
+# is on the next word.
+if [ "\${2: -1}" == " " ]; then
+	# The last character is a space, so our location is at the end
+	# of the command-line array
+	COMP_CWORD=\${#COMP_WORDS[@]}
+else
+	# The last character is not a space, so our location is on the
+	# last word of the command-line array, so we must decrement the
+	# count by 1
+	COMP_CWORD=\$((\${#COMP_WORDS[@]}-1))
+fi
+
+# Call _git() or _gitk() of the bash script, based on the first argument
+_\${1}
+
+IFS=\$'\n'
+if [ \${#COMPREPLY[*]} -eq 0 ]; then
+	# No completions suggested.  In this case, we want tcsh to perform
+	# standard file completion.  However, there does not seem to be way
+	# to tell tcsh to do that.  To help the user, we try to simulate
+	# file completion directly in this script.
+	#
+	# Known issues:
+	#     - Possible completions are shown with their directory prefix.
+	#     - Completions containing shell variables are not handled.
+	#     - Completions with ~ as the first character are not handled.
+
+	# No file completion should be done unless we are completing beyond
+	# the git sub-command.  An improvement on the bash completion :)
+	if [ \${COMP_CWORD} -gt 1 ]; then
+		TO_COMPLETE="\${COMP_WORDS[\${COMP_CWORD}]}"
+
+		# We don't support ~ expansion: too tricky.
+		if [ "\${TO_COMPLETE:0:1}" != "~" ]; then
+			# Use ls so as to add the '/' at the end of directories.
+			COMPREPLY=(\`ls -dp \${TO_COMPLETE}* 2> /dev/null\`)
+		fi
+	fi
+fi
+
+# tcsh does not automatically remove duplicates, so we do it ourselves
+echo "\${COMPREPLY[*]}" | sort | uniq
+
+# If there is a single completion and it is a directory, we output it
+# a second time to trick tcsh into not adding a space after it.
+if [ \${#COMPREPLY[*]} -eq 1 ] && [ "\${COMPREPLY[0]: -1}" == "/" ]; then
+	echo "\${COMPREPLY[*]}"
+fi
+
+EOF
+
+# Don't need this variable anymore, so don't pollute the users environment
+unset __git_tcsh_completion_original_script
+
+complete git  'p,*,`bash ${__git_tcsh_completion_script} git "${COMMAND_LINE}"`,'
+complete gitk 'p,*,`bash ${__git_tcsh_completion_script} gitk "${COMMAND_LINE}"`,'
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4577502
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-completion.zsh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#compdef git gitk
+
+# zsh completion wrapper for git
+#
+# You need git's bash completion script installed somewhere, by default on the
+# same directory as this script.
+#
+# If your script is on ~/.git-completion.sh instead, you can configure it on
+# your ~/.zshrc:
+#
+#  zstyle ':completion:*:*:git:*' script ~/.git-completion.sh
+#
+# The recommended way to install this script is to copy to
+# '~/.zsh/completion/_git', and then add the following to your ~/.zshrc file:
+#
+#  fpath=(~/.zsh/completion $fpath)
+
+complete ()
+{
+	# do nothing
+	return 0
+}
+
+zstyle -s ":completion:*:*:git:*" script script
+test -z "$script" && script="$(dirname ${funcsourcetrace[1]%:*})"/git-completion.bash
+ZSH_VERSION='' . "$script"
+
+__gitcomp ()
+{
+	emulate -L zsh
+
+	local cur_="${3-$cur}"
+
+	case "$cur_" in
+	--*=)
+		;;
+	*)
+		local c IFS=$' \t\n'
+		local -a array
+		for c in ${=1}; do
+			c="$c${4-}"
+			case $c in
+			--*=*|*.) ;;
+			*) c="$c " ;;
+			esac
+			array+=("$c")
+		done
+		compset -P '*[=:]'
+		compadd -Q -S '' -p "${2-}" -a -- array && _ret=0
+		;;
+	esac
+}
+
+__gitcomp_nl ()
+{
+	emulate -L zsh
+
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	compset -P '*[=:]'
+	compadd -Q -S "${4- }" -p "${2-}" -- ${=1} && _ret=0
+}
+
+_git ()
+{
+	local _ret=1
+	() {
+		emulate -L ksh
+		local cur cword prev
+		cur=${words[CURRENT-1]}
+		prev=${words[CURRENT-2]}
+		let cword=CURRENT-1
+		__${service}_main
+	}
+	let _ret && _default -S '' && _ret=0
+	return _ret
+}
+
+_git
diff --git a/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9bef053
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+# bash/zsh git prompt support
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2006,2007 Shawn O. Pearce <spearce@spearce.org>
+# Distributed under the GNU General Public License, version 2.0.
+#
+# This script allows you to see the current branch in your prompt.
+#
+# To enable:
+#
+#    1) Copy this file to somewhere (e.g. ~/.git-prompt.sh).
+#    2) Add the following line to your .bashrc/.zshrc:
+#        source ~/.git-prompt.sh
+#    3a) Change your PS1 to call __git_ps1 as
+#        command-substitution:
+#        Bash: PS1='[\u@\h \W$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ '
+#        ZSH:  PS1='[%n@%m %c$(__git_ps1 " (%s)")]\$ '
+#        the optional argument will be used as format string.
+#    3b) Alternatively, if you are using bash, __git_ps1 can be
+#        used for PROMPT_COMMAND with two parameters, <pre> and
+#        <post>, which are strings you would put in $PS1 before
+#        and after the status string generated by the git-prompt
+#        machinery.  e.g.
+#           PROMPT_COMMAND='__git_ps1 "\u@\h:\w" "\\\$ "'
+#        will show username, at-sign, host, colon, cwd, then
+#        various status string, followed by dollar and SP, as
+#        your prompt.
+#        Optionally, you can supply a third argument with a printf
+#        format string to finetune the output of the branch status
+#
+# The argument to __git_ps1 will be displayed only if you are currently
+# in a git repository.  The %s token will be the name of the current
+# branch.
+#
+# In addition, if you set GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE to a nonempty value,
+# unstaged (*) and staged (+) changes will be shown next to the branch
+# name.  You can configure this per-repository with the
+# bash.showDirtyState variable, which defaults to true once
+# GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE is enabled.
+#
+# You can also see if currently something is stashed, by setting
+# GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE to a nonempty value. If something is stashed,
+# then a '$' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
+# If you would like to see if there're untracked files, then you can set
+# GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES to a nonempty value. If there're untracked
+# files, then a '%' will be shown next to the branch name.
+#
+# If you would like to see the difference between HEAD and its upstream,
+# set GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="auto".  A "<" indicates you are behind, ">"
+# indicates you are ahead, "<>" indicates you have diverged and "="
+# indicates that there is no difference. You can further control
+# behaviour by setting GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM to a space-separated list
+# of values:
+#
+#     verbose       show number of commits ahead/behind (+/-) upstream
+#     legacy        don't use the '--count' option available in recent
+#                   versions of git-rev-list
+#     git           always compare HEAD to @{upstream}
+#     svn           always compare HEAD to your SVN upstream
+#
+# By default, __git_ps1 will compare HEAD to your SVN upstream if it can
+# find one, or @{upstream} otherwise.  Once you have set
+# GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM, you can override it on a per-repository basis by
+# setting the bash.showUpstream config variable.
+#
+# If you would like to see more information about the identity of
+# commits checked out as a detached HEAD, set GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE
+# to one of these values:
+#
+#     contains      relative to newer annotated tag (v1.6.3.2~35)
+#     branch        relative to newer tag or branch (master~4)
+#     describe      relative to older annotated tag (v1.6.3.1-13-gdd42c2f)
+#     default       exactly matching tag
+#
+# If you would like a colored hint about the current dirty state, set
+# GIT_PS1_SHOWCOLORHINTS to a nonempty value. The colors are based on
+# the colored output of "git status -sb".
+
+# __gitdir accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., location)
+# returns location of .git repo
+__gitdir ()
+{
+	# Note: this function is duplicated in git-completion.bash
+	# When updating it, make sure you update the other one to match.
+	if [ -z "${1-}" ]; then
+		if [ -n "${__git_dir-}" ]; then
+			echo "$__git_dir"
+		elif [ -n "${GIT_DIR-}" ]; then
+			test -d "${GIT_DIR-}" || return 1
+			echo "$GIT_DIR"
+		elif [ -d .git ]; then
+			echo .git
+		else
+			git rev-parse --git-dir 2>/dev/null
+		fi
+	elif [ -d "$1/.git" ]; then
+		echo "$1/.git"
+	else
+		echo "$1"
+	fi
+}
+
+# stores the divergence from upstream in $p
+# used by GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM
+__git_ps1_show_upstream ()
+{
+	local key value
+	local svn_remote svn_url_pattern count n
+	local upstream=git legacy="" verbose=""
+
+	svn_remote=()
+	# get some config options from git-config
+	local output="$(git config -z --get-regexp '^(svn-remote\..*\.url|bash\.showupstream)$' 2>/dev/null | tr '\0\n' '\n ')"
+	while read -r key value; do
+		case "$key" in
+		bash.showupstream)
+			GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM="$value"
+			if [[ -z "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}" ]]; then
+				p=""
+				return
+			fi
+			;;
+		svn-remote.*.url)
+			svn_remote[ $((${#svn_remote[@]} + 1)) ]="$value"
+			svn_url_pattern+="\\|$value"
+			upstream=svn+git # default upstream is SVN if available, else git
+			;;
+		esac
+	done <<< "$output"
+
+	# parse configuration values
+	for option in ${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM}; do
+		case "$option" in
+		git|svn) upstream="$option" ;;
+		verbose) verbose=1 ;;
+		legacy)  legacy=1  ;;
+		esac
+	done
+
+	# Find our upstream
+	case "$upstream" in
+	git)    upstream="@{upstream}" ;;
+	svn*)
+		# get the upstream from the "git-svn-id: ..." in a commit message
+		# (git-svn uses essentially the same procedure internally)
+		local svn_upstream=($(git log --first-parent -1 \
+					--grep="^git-svn-id: \(${svn_url_pattern#??}\)" 2>/dev/null))
+		if [[ 0 -ne ${#svn_upstream[@]} ]]; then
+			svn_upstream=${svn_upstream[ ${#svn_upstream[@]} - 2 ]}
+			svn_upstream=${svn_upstream%@*}
+			local n_stop="${#svn_remote[@]}"
+			for ((n=1; n <= n_stop; n++)); do
+				svn_upstream=${svn_upstream#${svn_remote[$n]}}
+			done
+
+			if [[ -z "$svn_upstream" ]]; then
+				# default branch name for checkouts with no layout:
+				upstream=${GIT_SVN_ID:-git-svn}
+			else
+				upstream=${svn_upstream#/}
+			fi
+		elif [[ "svn+git" = "$upstream" ]]; then
+			upstream="@{upstream}"
+		fi
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	# Find how many commits we are ahead/behind our upstream
+	if [[ -z "$legacy" ]]; then
+		count="$(git rev-list --count --left-right \
+				"$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
+	else
+		# produce equivalent output to --count for older versions of git
+		local commits
+		if commits="$(git rev-list --left-right "$upstream"...HEAD 2>/dev/null)"
+		then
+			local commit behind=0 ahead=0
+			for commit in $commits
+			do
+				case "$commit" in
+				"<"*) ((behind++)) ;;
+				*)    ((ahead++))  ;;
+				esac
+			done
+			count="$behind	$ahead"
+		else
+			count=""
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	# calculate the result
+	if [[ -z "$verbose" ]]; then
+		case "$count" in
+		"") # no upstream
+			p="" ;;
+		"0	0") # equal to upstream
+			p="=" ;;
+		"0	"*) # ahead of upstream
+			p=">" ;;
+		*"	0") # behind upstream
+			p="<" ;;
+		*)	    # diverged from upstream
+			p="<>" ;;
+		esac
+	else
+		case "$count" in
+		"") # no upstream
+			p="" ;;
+		"0	0") # equal to upstream
+			p=" u=" ;;
+		"0	"*) # ahead of upstream
+			p=" u+${count#0	}" ;;
+		*"	0") # behind upstream
+			p=" u-${count%	0}" ;;
+		*)	    # diverged from upstream
+			p=" u+${count#*	}-${count%	*}" ;;
+		esac
+	fi
+
+}
+
+
+# __git_ps1 accepts 0 or 1 arguments (i.e., format string)
+# when called from PS1 using command substitution
+# in this mode it prints text to add to bash PS1 prompt (includes branch name)
+#
+# __git_ps1 requires 2 or 3 arguments when called from PROMPT_COMMAND (pc)
+# in that case it _sets_ PS1. The arguments are parts of a PS1 string.
+# when two arguments are given, the first is prepended and the second appended
+# to the state string when assigned to PS1.
+# The optional third parameter will be used as printf format string to further
+# customize the output of the git-status string.
+# In this mode you can request colored hints using GIT_PS1_SHOWCOLORHINTS=true
+__git_ps1 ()
+{
+	local pcmode=no
+	local detached=no
+	local ps1pc_start='\u@\h:\w '
+	local ps1pc_end='\$ '
+	local printf_format=' (%s)'
+
+	case "$#" in
+		2|3)	pcmode=yes
+			ps1pc_start="$1"
+			ps1pc_end="$2"
+			printf_format="${3:-$printf_format}"
+		;;
+		0|1)	printf_format="${1:-$printf_format}"
+		;;
+		*)	return
+		;;
+	esac
+
+	local g="$(__gitdir)"
+	if [ -z "$g" ]; then
+		if [ $pcmode = yes ]; then
+			#In PC mode PS1 always needs to be set
+			PS1="$ps1pc_start$ps1pc_end"
+		fi
+	else
+		local r=""
+		local b=""
+		if [ -f "$g/rebase-merge/interactive" ]; then
+			r="|REBASE-i"
+			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
+		elif [ -d "$g/rebase-merge" ]; then
+			r="|REBASE-m"
+			b="$(cat "$g/rebase-merge/head-name")"
+		else
+			if [ -d "$g/rebase-apply" ]; then
+				if [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/rebasing" ]; then
+					r="|REBASE"
+				elif [ -f "$g/rebase-apply/applying" ]; then
+					r="|AM"
+				else
+					r="|AM/REBASE"
+				fi
+			elif [ -f "$g/MERGE_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|MERGING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/CHERRY_PICK_HEAD" ]; then
+				r="|CHERRY-PICKING"
+			elif [ -f "$g/BISECT_LOG" ]; then
+				r="|BISECTING"
+			fi
+
+			b="$(git symbolic-ref HEAD 2>/dev/null)" || {
+				detached=yes
+				b="$(
+				case "${GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE-}" in
+				(contains)
+					git describe --contains HEAD ;;
+				(branch)
+					git describe --contains --all HEAD ;;
+				(describe)
+					git describe HEAD ;;
+				(* | default)
+					git describe --tags --exact-match HEAD ;;
+				esac 2>/dev/null)" ||
+
+				b="$(cut -c1-7 "$g/HEAD" 2>/dev/null)..." ||
+				b="unknown"
+				b="($b)"
+			}
+		fi
+
+		local w=""
+		local i=""
+		local s=""
+		local u=""
+		local c=""
+		local p=""
+
+		if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-bare-repository 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+				c="BARE:"
+			else
+				b="GIT_DIR!"
+			fi
+		elif [ "true" = "$(git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree 2>/dev/null)" ]; then
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE-}" ]; then
+				if [ "$(git config --bool bash.showDirtyState)" != "false" ]; then
+					git diff --no-ext-diff --quiet --exit-code || w="*"
+					if git rev-parse --quiet --verify HEAD >/dev/null; then
+						git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD -- || i="+"
+					else
+						i="#"
+					fi
+				fi
+			fi
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE-}" ]; then
+				git rev-parse --verify refs/stash >/dev/null 2>&1 && s="$"
+			fi
+
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES-}" ]; then
+				if [ -n "$(git ls-files --others --exclude-standard)" ]; then
+					u="%"
+				fi
+			fi
+
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWUPSTREAM-}" ]; then
+				__git_ps1_show_upstream
+			fi
+		fi
+
+		local f="$w$i$s$u"
+		if [ $pcmode = yes ]; then
+			local gitstring=
+			if [ -n "${GIT_PS1_SHOWCOLORHINTS-}" ]; then
+				local c_red='\e[31m'
+				local c_green='\e[32m'
+				local c_lblue='\e[1;34m'
+				local c_clear='\e[0m'
+				local bad_color=$c_red
+				local ok_color=$c_green
+				local branch_color="$c_clear"
+				local flags_color="$c_lblue"
+				local branchstring="$c${b##refs/heads/}"
+
+				if [ $detached = no ]; then
+					branch_color="$ok_color"
+				else
+					branch_color="$bad_color"
+				fi
+
+				# Setting gitstring directly with \[ and \] around colors
+				# is necessary to prevent wrapping issues!
+				gitstring="\[$branch_color\]$branchstring\[$c_clear\]"
+
+				if [ -n "$w$i$s$u$r$p" ]; then
+					gitstring="$gitstring "
+				fi
+				if [ "$w" = "*" ]; then
+					gitstring="$gitstring\[$bad_color\]$w"
+				fi
+				if [ -n "$i" ]; then
+					gitstring="$gitstring\[$ok_color\]$i"
+				fi
+				if [ -n "$s" ]; then
+					gitstring="$gitstring\[$flags_color\]$s"
+				fi
+				if [ -n "$u" ]; then
+					gitstring="$gitstring\[$bad_color\]$u"
+				fi
+				gitstring="$gitstring\[$c_clear\]$r$p"
+			else
+				gitstring="$c${b##refs/heads/}${f:+ $f}$r$p"
+			fi
+			gitstring=$(printf -- "$printf_format" "$gitstring")
+			PS1="$ps1pc_start$gitstring$ps1pc_end"
+		else
+			# NO color option unless in PROMPT_COMMAND mode
+			printf -- "$printf_format" "$c${b##refs/heads/}${f:+ $f}$r$p"
+		fi
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/.gitignore b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..88d8fcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+git-credential-gnome-keyring
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e6561d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+MAIN:=git-credential-gnome-keyring
+all:: $(MAIN)
+
+CC = gcc
+RM = rm -f
+CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+INCS:=$(shell pkg-config --cflags gnome-keyring-1)
+LIBS:=$(shell pkg-config --libs gnome-keyring-1)
+
+SRCS:=$(MAIN).c
+OBJS:=$(SRCS:.c=.o)
+
+%.o: %.c
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) $(INCS) -o $@ -c $<
+
+$(MAIN): $(OBJS)
+	$(CC) -o $@ $(LDFLAGS) $^ $(LIBS)
+
+clean:
+	@$(RM) $(MAIN) $(OBJS)
diff --git a/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..41f61c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/gnome-keyring/git-credential-gnome-keyring.c
@@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
+/*
+ * Copyright (C) 2011 John Szakmeister <john@szakmeister.net>
+ *               2012 Philipp A. Hartmann <pah@qo.cx>
+ *
+ *  This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
+ */
+
+/*
+ * Credits:
+ * - GNOME Keyring API handling originally written by John Szakmeister
+ * - ported to credential helper API by Philipp A. Hartmann
+ */
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <gnome-keyring.h>
+
+/*
+ * This credential struct and API is simplified from git's credential.{h,c}
+ */
+struct credential
+{
+	char          *protocol;
+	char          *host;
+	unsigned short port;
+	char          *path;
+	char          *username;
+	char          *password;
+};
+
+#define CREDENTIAL_INIT \
+  { NULL,NULL,0,NULL,NULL,NULL }
+
+void credential_init(struct credential *c);
+void credential_clear(struct credential *c);
+int  credential_read(struct credential *c);
+void credential_write(const struct credential *c);
+
+typedef int (*credential_op_cb)(struct credential*);
+
+struct credential_operation
+{
+	char             *name;
+	credential_op_cb op;
+};
+
+#define CREDENTIAL_OP_END \
+  { NULL,NULL }
+
+/*
+ * Table with operation callbacks is defined in concrete
+ * credential helper implementation and contains entries
+ * like { "get", function_to_get_credential } terminated
+ * by CREDENTIAL_OP_END.
+ */
+struct credential_operation const credential_helper_ops[];
+
+/* ---------------- common helper functions ----------------- */
+
+static inline void free_password(char *password)
+{
+	char *c = password;
+	if (!password)
+		return;
+
+	while (*c) *c++ = '\0';
+	free(password);
+}
+
+static inline void warning(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	fprintf(stderr, "warning: ");
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n" );
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static inline void error(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	fprintf(stderr, "error: ");
+	vfprintf(stderr, fmt, ap);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\n" );
+	va_end(ap);
+}
+
+static inline void die(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list ap;
+
+	va_start(ap,fmt);
+	error(fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static inline void die_errno(int err)
+{
+	error("%s", strerror(err));
+	exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
+}
+
+static inline char *xstrdup(const char *str)
+{
+	char *ret = strdup(str);
+	if (!ret)
+		die_errno(errno);
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* ----------------- GNOME Keyring functions ----------------- */
+
+/* create a special keyring option string, if path is given */
+static char* keyring_object(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char* object = NULL;
+
+	if (!c->path)
+		return object;
+
+	object = (char*) malloc(strlen(c->host)+strlen(c->path)+8);
+	if(!object)
+		die_errno(errno);
+
+	if(c->port)
+		sprintf(object,"%s:%hd/%s",c->host,c->port,c->path);
+	else
+		sprintf(object,"%s/%s",c->host,c->path);
+
+	return object;
+}
+
+int keyring_get(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char* object = NULL;
+	GList *entries;
+	GnomeKeyringNetworkPasswordData *password_data;
+	GnomeKeyringResult result;
+
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path))
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	object = keyring_object(c);
+
+	result = gnome_keyring_find_network_password_sync(
+				c->username,
+				NULL /* domain */,
+				c->host,
+				object,
+				c->protocol,
+				NULL /* authtype */,
+				c->port,
+				&entries);
+
+	free(object);
+
+	if (result == GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_NO_MATCH)
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (result == GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_CANCELLED)
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (result != GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_OK) {
+		error("%s",gnome_keyring_result_to_message(result));
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	/* pick the first one from the list */
+	password_data = (GnomeKeyringNetworkPasswordData *) entries->data;
+
+	free_password(c->password);
+	c->password = xstrdup(password_data->password);
+
+	if (!c->username)
+		c->username = xstrdup(password_data->user);
+
+	gnome_keyring_network_password_list_free(entries);
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+
+int keyring_store(struct credential *c)
+{
+	guint32 item_id;
+	char  *object = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that what we are storing is actually sensible.
+	 * In particular, we can't make a URL without a protocol field.
+	 * Without either a host or pathname (depending on the scheme),
+	 * we have no primary key. And without a username and password,
+	 * we are not actually storing a credential.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path) ||
+	    !c->username || !c->password)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	object = keyring_object(c);
+
+	gnome_keyring_set_network_password_sync(
+				GNOME_KEYRING_DEFAULT,
+				c->username,
+				NULL /* domain */,
+				c->host,
+				object,
+				c->protocol,
+				NULL /* authtype */,
+				c->port,
+				c->password,
+				&item_id);
+
+	free(object);
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+int keyring_erase(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char  *object = NULL;
+	GList *entries;
+	GnomeKeyringNetworkPasswordData *password_data;
+	GnomeKeyringResult result;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that we actually have something to match
+	 * against. The input we get is a restrictive pattern,
+	 * so technically a blank credential means "erase everything".
+	 * But it is too easy to accidentally send this, since it is equivalent
+	 * to empty input. So explicitly disallow it, and require that the
+	 * pattern have some actual content to match.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol && !c->host && !c->path && !c->username)
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+
+	object = keyring_object(c);
+
+	result = gnome_keyring_find_network_password_sync(
+				c->username,
+				NULL /* domain */,
+				c->host,
+				object,
+				c->protocol,
+				NULL /* authtype */,
+				c->port,
+				&entries);
+
+	free(object);
+
+	if (result == GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_NO_MATCH)
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (result == GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_CANCELLED)
+		return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	if (result != GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_OK)
+	{
+		error("%s",gnome_keyring_result_to_message(result));
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	/* pick the first one from the list (delete all matches?) */
+	password_data = (GnomeKeyringNetworkPasswordData *) entries->data;
+
+	result = gnome_keyring_item_delete_sync(
+		password_data->keyring, password_data->item_id);
+
+	gnome_keyring_network_password_list_free(entries);
+
+	if (result != GNOME_KEYRING_RESULT_OK)
+	{
+		error("%s",gnome_keyring_result_to_message(result));
+		return EXIT_FAILURE;
+	}
+
+	return EXIT_SUCCESS;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Table with helper operation callbacks, used by generic
+ * credential helper main function.
+ */
+struct credential_operation const credential_helper_ops[] =
+{
+	{ "get",   keyring_get   },
+	{ "store", keyring_store },
+	{ "erase", keyring_erase },
+	CREDENTIAL_OP_END
+};
+
+/* ------------------ credential functions ------------------ */
+
+void credential_init(struct credential *c)
+{
+	memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
+}
+
+void credential_clear(struct credential *c)
+{
+	free(c->protocol);
+	free(c->host);
+	free(c->path);
+	free(c->username);
+	free_password(c->password);
+
+	credential_init(c);
+}
+
+int credential_read(struct credential *c)
+{
+	char    buf[1024];
+	ssize_t line_len = 0;
+	char   *key      = buf;
+	char   *value;
+
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin))
+	{
+		line_len = strlen(buf);
+
+		if(buf[line_len-1]=='\n')
+			buf[--line_len]='\0';
+
+		if(!line_len)
+			break;
+
+		value = strchr(buf,'=');
+		if(!value) {
+			warning("invalid credential line: %s", key);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		*value++ = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(key, "protocol")) {
+			free(c->protocol);
+			c->protocol = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "host")) {
+			free(c->host);
+			c->host = xstrdup(value);
+			value = strrchr(c->host,':');
+			if (value) {
+				*value++ = '\0';
+				c->port = atoi(value);
+			}
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
+			free(c->path);
+			c->path = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
+			free(c->username);
+			c->username = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "password")) {
+			free_password(c->password);
+			c->password = xstrdup(value);
+			while (*value) *value++ = '\0';
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Ignore other lines; we don't know what they mean, but
+		 * this future-proofs us when later versions of git do
+		 * learn new lines, and the helpers are updated to match.
+		 */
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void credential_write_item(FILE *fp, const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return;
+	fprintf(fp, "%s=%s\n", key, value);
+}
+
+void credential_write(const struct credential *c)
+{
+	/* only write username/password, if set */
+	credential_write_item(stdout, "username", c->username);
+	credential_write_item(stdout, "password", c->password);
+}
+
+static void usage(const char *name)
+{
+	struct credential_operation const *try_op = credential_helper_ops;
+	const char *basename = strrchr(name,'/');
+
+	basename = (basename) ? basename + 1 : name;
+	fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s <", basename);
+	while(try_op->name) {
+		fprintf(stderr,"%s",(try_op++)->name);
+		if(try_op->name)
+			fprintf(stderr,"%s","|");
+	}
+	fprintf(stderr,"%s",">\n");
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	int ret = EXIT_SUCCESS;
+
+	struct credential_operation const *try_op = credential_helper_ops;
+	struct credential                  cred   = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+
+	if (!argv[1]) {
+		usage(argv[0]);
+		goto out;
+	}
+
+	/* lookup operation callback */
+	while(try_op->name && strcmp(argv[1], try_op->name))
+		try_op++;
+
+	/* unsupported operation given -- ignore silently */
+	if(!try_op->name || !try_op->op)
+		goto out;
+
+	ret = credential_read(&cred);
+	if(ret)
+		goto out;
+
+	/* perform credential operation */
+	ret = (*try_op->op)(&cred);
+
+	credential_write(&cred);
+
+out:
+	credential_clear(&cred);
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/.gitignore b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6c5b702
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+git-credential-osxkeychain
diff --git a/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/Makefile b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4b3a08a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+all:: git-credential-osxkeychain
+
+CC = gcc
+RM = rm -f
+CFLAGS = -g -O2 -Wall
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+git-credential-osxkeychain: git-credential-osxkeychain.o
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) -o $@ $< $(LDFLAGS) -Wl,-framework -Wl,Security
+
+git-credential-osxkeychain.o: git-credential-osxkeychain.c
+	$(CC) -c $(CFLAGS) $<
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) git-credential-osxkeychain git-credential-osxkeychain.o
diff --git a/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6beed12
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/osxkeychain/git-credential-osxkeychain.c
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <Security/Security.h>
+
+static SecProtocolType protocol;
+static char *host;
+static char *path;
+static char *username;
+static char *password;
+static UInt16 port;
+
+static void die(const char *err, ...)
+{
+	char msg[4096];
+	va_list params;
+	va_start(params, err);
+	vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+	va_end(params);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void *xstrdup(const char *s1)
+{
+	void *ret = strdup(s1);
+	if (!ret)
+		die("Out of memory");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+#define KEYCHAIN_ITEM(x) (x ? strlen(x) : 0), x
+#define KEYCHAIN_ARGS \
+	NULL, /* default keychain */ \
+	KEYCHAIN_ITEM(host), \
+	0, NULL, /* account domain */ \
+	KEYCHAIN_ITEM(username), \
+	KEYCHAIN_ITEM(path), \
+	port, \
+	protocol, \
+	kSecAuthenticationTypeDefault
+
+static void write_item(const char *what, const char *buf, int len)
+{
+	printf("%s=", what);
+	fwrite(buf, 1, len, stdout);
+	putchar('\n');
+}
+
+static void find_username_in_item(SecKeychainItemRef item)
+{
+	SecKeychainAttributeList list;
+	SecKeychainAttribute attr;
+
+	list.count = 1;
+	list.attr = &attr;
+	attr.tag = kSecAccountItemAttr;
+
+	if (SecKeychainItemCopyContent(item, NULL, &list, NULL, NULL))
+		return;
+
+	write_item("username", attr.data, attr.length);
+	SecKeychainItemFreeContent(&list, NULL);
+}
+
+static void find_internet_password(void)
+{
+	void *buf;
+	UInt32 len;
+	SecKeychainItemRef item;
+
+	if (SecKeychainFindInternetPassword(KEYCHAIN_ARGS, &len, &buf, &item))
+		return;
+
+	write_item("password", buf, len);
+	if (!username)
+		find_username_in_item(item);
+
+	SecKeychainItemFreeContent(NULL, buf);
+}
+
+static void delete_internet_password(void)
+{
+	SecKeychainItemRef item;
+
+	/*
+	 * Require at least a protocol and host for removal, which is what git
+	 * will give us; if you want to do something more fancy, use the
+	 * Keychain manager.
+	 */
+	if (!protocol || !host)
+		return;
+
+	if (SecKeychainFindInternetPassword(KEYCHAIN_ARGS, 0, NULL, &item))
+		return;
+
+	SecKeychainItemDelete(item);
+}
+
+static void add_internet_password(void)
+{
+	/* Only store complete credentials */
+	if (!protocol || !host || !username || !password)
+		return;
+
+	if (SecKeychainAddInternetPassword(
+	      KEYCHAIN_ARGS,
+	      KEYCHAIN_ITEM(password),
+	      NULL))
+		return;
+}
+
+static void read_credential(void)
+{
+	char buf[1024];
+
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
+		char *v;
+
+		if (!strcmp(buf, "\n"))
+			break;
+		buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0';
+
+		v = strchr(buf, '=');
+		if (!v)
+			die("bad input: %s", buf);
+		*v++ = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(buf, "protocol")) {
+			if (!strcmp(v, "https"))
+				protocol = kSecProtocolTypeHTTPS;
+			else if (!strcmp(v, "http"))
+				protocol = kSecProtocolTypeHTTP;
+			else /* we don't yet handle other protocols */
+				exit(0);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "host")) {
+			char *colon = strchr(v, ':');
+			if (colon) {
+				*colon++ = '\0';
+				port = atoi(colon);
+			}
+			host = xstrdup(v);
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "path"))
+			path = xstrdup(v);
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "username"))
+			username = xstrdup(v);
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "password"))
+			password = xstrdup(v);
+	}
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char *usage =
+		"Usage: git credential-osxkeychain <get|store|erase>";
+
+	if (!argv[1])
+		die(usage);
+
+	read_credential();
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get"))
+		find_internet_password();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "store"))
+		add_internet_password();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "erase"))
+		delete_internet_password();
+	/* otherwise, ignore unknown action */
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/credential/wincred/Makefile b/contrib/credential/wincred/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bad45ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/wincred/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+all: git-credential-wincred.exe
+
+CC = gcc
+RM = rm -f
+CFLAGS = -O2 -Wall
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+git-credential-wincred.exe : git-credential-wincred.c
+	$(LINK.c) $^ $(LOADLIBES) $(LDLIBS) -o $@
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) git-credential-wincred.exe
diff --git a/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cbaec5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/credential/wincred/git-credential-wincred.c
@@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
+/*
+ * A git credential helper that interface with Windows' Credential Manager
+ *
+ */
+#include <windows.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <io.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+
+/* common helpers */
+
+static void die(const char *err, ...)
+{
+	char msg[4096];
+	va_list params;
+	va_start(params, err);
+	vsnprintf(msg, sizeof(msg), err, params);
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+	va_end(params);
+	exit(1);
+}
+
+static void *xmalloc(size_t size)
+{
+	void *ret = malloc(size);
+	if (!ret && !size)
+		ret = malloc(1);
+	if (!ret)
+		 die("Out of memory");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static char *xstrdup(const char *str)
+{
+	char *ret = strdup(str);
+	if (!ret)
+		die("Out of memory");
+	return ret;
+}
+
+/* MinGW doesn't have wincred.h, so we need to define stuff */
+
+typedef struct _CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW {
+	LPWSTR Keyword;
+	DWORD  Flags;
+	DWORD  ValueSize;
+	LPBYTE Value;
+} CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW, *PCREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW;
+
+typedef struct _CREDENTIALW {
+	DWORD                  Flags;
+	DWORD                  Type;
+	LPWSTR                 TargetName;
+	LPWSTR                 Comment;
+	FILETIME               LastWritten;
+	DWORD                  CredentialBlobSize;
+	LPBYTE                 CredentialBlob;
+	DWORD                  Persist;
+	DWORD                  AttributeCount;
+	PCREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW Attributes;
+	LPWSTR                 TargetAlias;
+	LPWSTR                 UserName;
+} CREDENTIALW, *PCREDENTIALW;
+
+#define CRED_TYPE_GENERIC 1
+#define CRED_PERSIST_LOCAL_MACHINE 2
+#define CRED_MAX_ATTRIBUTES 64
+
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredWriteWT)(PCREDENTIALW, DWORD);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT)(DWORD, PVOID, DWORD,
+    LPWSTR, DWORD *, LPWSTR, DWORD *, LPWSTR, DWORD *);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredEnumerateWT)(LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD *,
+    PCREDENTIALW **);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT)(DWORD, LPWSTR, LPWSTR,
+    PBYTE, DWORD *);
+typedef VOID (WINAPI *CredFreeT)(PVOID);
+typedef BOOL (WINAPI *CredDeleteWT)(LPCWSTR, DWORD, DWORD);
+
+static HMODULE advapi, credui;
+static CredWriteWT CredWriteW;
+static CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW;
+static CredEnumerateWT CredEnumerateW;
+static CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT CredPackAuthenticationBufferW;
+static CredFreeT CredFree;
+static CredDeleteWT CredDeleteW;
+
+static void load_cred_funcs(void)
+{
+	/* load DLLs */
+	advapi = LoadLibrary("advapi32.dll");
+	credui = LoadLibrary("credui.dll");
+	if (!advapi || !credui)
+		die("failed to load DLLs");
+
+	/* get function pointers */
+	CredWriteW = (CredWriteWT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredWriteW");
+	CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW = (CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferWT)
+	    GetProcAddress(credui, "CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW");
+	CredEnumerateW = (CredEnumerateWT)GetProcAddress(advapi,
+	    "CredEnumerateW");
+	CredPackAuthenticationBufferW = (CredPackAuthenticationBufferWT)
+	    GetProcAddress(credui, "CredPackAuthenticationBufferW");
+	CredFree = (CredFreeT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredFree");
+	CredDeleteW = (CredDeleteWT)GetProcAddress(advapi, "CredDeleteW");
+	if (!CredWriteW || !CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW ||
+	    !CredEnumerateW || !CredPackAuthenticationBufferW || !CredFree ||
+	    !CredDeleteW)
+		die("failed to load functions");
+}
+
+static char target_buf[1024];
+static char *protocol, *host, *path, *username;
+static WCHAR *wusername, *password, *target;
+
+static void write_item(const char *what, WCHAR *wbuf)
+{
+	char *buf;
+	int len = WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, -1, NULL, 0, NULL,
+	    FALSE);
+	buf = xmalloc(len);
+
+	if (!WideCharToMultiByte(CP_UTF8, 0, wbuf, -1, buf, len, NULL, FALSE))
+		die("WideCharToMultiByte failed!");
+
+	printf("%s=", what);
+	fwrite(buf, 1, len - 1, stdout);
+	putchar('\n');
+	free(buf);
+}
+
+static int match_attr(const CREDENTIALW *cred, const WCHAR *keyword,
+    const char *want)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (!want)
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < cred->AttributeCount; ++i)
+		if (!wcscmp(cred->Attributes[i].Keyword, keyword))
+			return !strcmp((const char *)cred->Attributes[i].Value,
+			    want);
+
+	return 0; /* not found */
+}
+
+static int match_cred(const CREDENTIALW *cred)
+{
+	return (!wusername || !wcscmp(wusername, cred->UserName)) &&
+	    match_attr(cred, L"git_protocol", protocol) &&
+	    match_attr(cred, L"git_host", host) &&
+	    match_attr(cred, L"git_path", path);
+}
+
+static void get_credential(void)
+{
+	WCHAR *user_buf, *pass_buf;
+	DWORD user_buf_size = 0, pass_buf_size = 0;
+	CREDENTIALW **creds, *cred = NULL;
+	DWORD num_creds;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!CredEnumerateW(L"git:*", 0, &num_creds, &creds))
+		return;
+
+	/* search for the first credential that matches username */
+	for (i = 0; i < num_creds; ++i)
+		if (match_cred(creds[i])) {
+			cred = creds[i];
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!cred)
+		return;
+
+	CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, cred->CredentialBlob,
+	    cred->CredentialBlobSize, NULL, &user_buf_size, NULL, NULL,
+	    NULL, &pass_buf_size);
+
+	user_buf = xmalloc(user_buf_size * sizeof(WCHAR));
+	pass_buf = xmalloc(pass_buf_size * sizeof(WCHAR));
+
+	if (!CredUnPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, cred->CredentialBlob,
+	    cred->CredentialBlobSize, user_buf, &user_buf_size, NULL, NULL,
+	    pass_buf, &pass_buf_size))
+		die("CredUnPackAuthenticationBuffer failed");
+
+	CredFree(creds);
+
+	/* zero-terminate (sizes include zero-termination) */
+	user_buf[user_buf_size - 1] = L'\0';
+	pass_buf[pass_buf_size - 1] = L'\0';
+
+	write_item("username", user_buf);
+	write_item("password", pass_buf);
+
+	free(user_buf);
+	free(pass_buf);
+}
+
+static void write_attr(CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW *attr, const WCHAR *keyword,
+    const char *value)
+{
+	attr->Keyword = (LPWSTR)keyword;
+	attr->Flags = 0;
+	attr->ValueSize = strlen(value) + 1; /* store zero-termination */
+	attr->Value = (LPBYTE)value;
+}
+
+static void store_credential(void)
+{
+	CREDENTIALW cred;
+	BYTE *auth_buf;
+	DWORD auth_buf_size = 0;
+	CREDENTIAL_ATTRIBUTEW attrs[CRED_MAX_ATTRIBUTES];
+
+	if (!wusername || !password)
+		return;
+
+	/* query buffer size */
+	CredPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, wusername, password,
+	    NULL, &auth_buf_size);
+
+	auth_buf = xmalloc(auth_buf_size);
+
+	if (!CredPackAuthenticationBufferW(0, wusername, password,
+	    auth_buf, &auth_buf_size))
+		die("CredPackAuthenticationBuffer failed");
+
+	cred.Flags = 0;
+	cred.Type = CRED_TYPE_GENERIC;
+	cred.TargetName = target;
+	cred.Comment = L"saved by git-credential-wincred";
+	cred.CredentialBlobSize = auth_buf_size;
+	cred.CredentialBlob = auth_buf;
+	cred.Persist = CRED_PERSIST_LOCAL_MACHINE;
+	cred.AttributeCount = 1;
+	cred.Attributes = attrs;
+	cred.TargetAlias = NULL;
+	cred.UserName = wusername;
+
+	write_attr(attrs, L"git_protocol", protocol);
+
+	if (host) {
+		write_attr(attrs + cred.AttributeCount, L"git_host", host);
+		cred.AttributeCount++;
+	}
+
+	if (path) {
+		write_attr(attrs + cred.AttributeCount, L"git_path", path);
+		cred.AttributeCount++;
+	}
+
+	if (!CredWriteW(&cred, 0))
+		die("CredWrite failed");
+}
+
+static void erase_credential(void)
+{
+	CREDENTIALW **creds;
+	DWORD num_creds;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!CredEnumerateW(L"git:*", 0, &num_creds, &creds))
+		return;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < num_creds; ++i) {
+		if (match_cred(creds[i]))
+			CredDeleteW(creds[i]->TargetName, creds[i]->Type, 0);
+	}
+
+	CredFree(creds);
+}
+
+static WCHAR *utf8_to_utf16_dup(const char *str)
+{
+	int wlen = MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, NULL, 0);
+	WCHAR *wstr = xmalloc(sizeof(WCHAR) * wlen);
+	MultiByteToWideChar(CP_UTF8, 0, str, -1, wstr, wlen);
+	return wstr;
+}
+
+static void read_credential(void)
+{
+	char buf[1024];
+
+	while (fgets(buf, sizeof(buf), stdin)) {
+		char *v;
+
+		if (!strcmp(buf, "\n"))
+			break;
+		buf[strlen(buf)-1] = '\0';
+
+		v = strchr(buf, '=');
+		if (!v)
+			die("bad input: %s", buf);
+		*v++ = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(buf, "protocol"))
+			protocol = xstrdup(v);
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "host"))
+			host = xstrdup(v);
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "path"))
+			path = xstrdup(v);
+		else if (!strcmp(buf, "username")) {
+			username = xstrdup(v);
+			wusername = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
+		} else if (!strcmp(buf, "password"))
+			password = utf8_to_utf16_dup(v);
+		else
+			die("unrecognized input");
+	}
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	const char *usage =
+	    "Usage: git credential-wincred <get|store|erase>\n";
+
+	if (!argv[1])
+		die(usage);
+
+	/* git use binary pipes to avoid CRLF-issues */
+	_setmode(_fileno(stdin), _O_BINARY);
+	_setmode(_fileno(stdout), _O_BINARY);
+
+	read_credential();
+
+	load_cred_funcs();
+
+	if (!protocol || !(host || path))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* prepare 'target', the unique key for the credential */
+	strncat(target_buf, "git:", sizeof(target_buf));
+	strncat(target_buf, protocol, sizeof(target_buf));
+	strncat(target_buf, "://", sizeof(target_buf));
+	if (username) {
+		strncat(target_buf, username, sizeof(target_buf));
+		strncat(target_buf, "@", sizeof(target_buf));
+	}
+	if (host)
+		strncat(target_buf, host, sizeof(target_buf));
+	if (path) {
+		strncat(target_buf, "/", sizeof(target_buf));
+		strncat(target_buf, path, sizeof(target_buf));
+	}
+
+	target = utf8_to_utf16_dup(target_buf);
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "get"))
+		get_credential();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "store"))
+		store_credential();
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "erase"))
+		erase_credential();
+	/* otherwise, ignore unknown action */
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/README b/contrib/diff-highlight/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..502e03b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/README
@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+diff-highlight
+==============
+
+Line oriented diffs are great for reviewing code, because for most
+hunks, you want to see the old and the new segments of code next to each
+other. Sometimes, though, when an old line and a new line are very
+similar, it's hard to immediately see the difference.
+
+You can use "--color-words" to highlight only the changed portions of
+lines. However, this can often be hard to read for code, as it loses
+the line structure, and you end up with oddly formatted bits.
+
+Instead, this script post-processes the line-oriented diff, finds pairs
+of lines, and highlights the differing segments.  It's currently very
+simple and stupid about doing these tasks. In particular:
+
+  1. It will only highlight hunks in which the number of removed and
+     added lines is the same, and it will pair lines within the hunk by
+     position (so the first removed line is compared to the first added
+     line, and so forth). This is simple and tends to work well in
+     practice. More complex changes don't highlight well, so we tend to
+     exclude them due to the "same number of removed and added lines"
+     restriction. Or even if we do try to highlight them, they end up
+     not highlighting because of our "don't highlight if the whole line
+     would be highlighted" rule.
+
+  2. It will find the common prefix and suffix of two lines, and
+     consider everything in the middle to be "different". It could
+     instead do a real diff of the characters between the two lines and
+     find common subsequences. However, the point of the highlight is to
+     call attention to a certain area. Even if some small subset of the
+     highlighted area actually didn't change, that's OK. In practice it
+     ends up being more readable to just have a single blob on the line
+     showing the interesting bit.
+
+The goal of the script is therefore not to be exact about highlighting
+changes, but to call attention to areas of interest without being
+visually distracting.  Non-diff lines and existing diff coloration is
+preserved; the intent is that the output should look exactly the same as
+the input, except for the occasional highlight.
+
+Use
+---
+
+You can try out the diff-highlight program with:
+
+---------------------------------------------
+git log -p --color | /path/to/diff-highlight
+---------------------------------------------
+
+If you want to use it all the time, drop it in your $PATH and put the
+following in your git configuration:
+
+---------------------------------------------
+[pager]
+	log = diff-highlight | less
+	show = diff-highlight | less
+	diff = diff-highlight | less
+---------------------------------------------
+
+Bugs
+----
+
+Because diff-highlight relies on heuristics to guess which parts of
+changes are important, there are some cases where the highlighting is
+more distracting than useful. Fortunately, these cases are rare in
+practice, and when they do occur, the worst case is simply a little
+extra highlighting. This section documents some cases known to be
+sub-optimal, in case somebody feels like working on improving the
+heuristics.
+
+1. Two changes on the same line get highlighted in a blob. For example,
+   highlighting:
+
+----------------------------------------------
+-foo(buf, size);
++foo(obj->buf, obj->size);
+----------------------------------------------
+
+   yields (where the inside of "+{}" would be highlighted):
+
+----------------------------------------------
+-foo(buf, size);
++foo(+{obj->buf, obj->}size);
+----------------------------------------------
+
+   whereas a more semantically meaningful output would be:
+
+----------------------------------------------
+-foo(buf, size);
++foo(+{obj->}buf, +{obj->}size);
+----------------------------------------------
+
+   Note that doing this right would probably involve a set of
+   content-specific boundary patterns, similar to word-diff. Otherwise
+   you get junk like:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------
+-this line has some -{i}nt-{ere}sti-{ng} text on it
++this line has some +{fa}nt+{a}sti+{c} text on it
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+   which is less readable than the current output.
+
+2. The multi-line matching assumes that lines in the pre- and post-image
+   match by position. This is often the case, but can be fooled when a
+   line is removed from the top and a new one added at the bottom (or
+   vice versa). Unless the lines in the middle are also changed, diffs
+   will show this as two hunks, and it will not get highlighted at all
+   (which is good). But if the lines in the middle are changed, the
+   highlighting can be misleading. Here's a pathological case:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------
+-one
+-two
+-three
+-four
++two 2
++three 3
++four 4
++five 5
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+   which gets highlighted as:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------
+-one
+-t-{wo}
+-three
+-f-{our}
++two 2
++t+{hree 3}
++four 4
++f+{ive 5}
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+   because it matches "two" to "three 3", and so forth. It would be
+   nicer as:
+
+-----------------------------------------------------
+-one
+-two
+-three
+-four
++two +{2}
++three +{3}
++four +{4}
++five 5
+-----------------------------------------------------
+
+   which would probably involve pre-matching the lines into pairs
+   according to some heuristic.
diff --git a/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight b/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c4404d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diff-highlight/diff-highlight
@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use warnings FATAL => 'all';
+use strict;
+
+# Highlight by reversing foreground and background. You could do
+# other things like bold or underline if you prefer.
+my $HIGHLIGHT   = "\x1b[7m";
+my $UNHIGHLIGHT = "\x1b[27m";
+my $COLOR = qr/\x1b\[[0-9;]*m/;
+my $BORING = qr/$COLOR|\s/;
+
+my @removed;
+my @added;
+my $in_hunk;
+
+while (<>) {
+	if (!$in_hunk) {
+		print;
+		$in_hunk = /^$COLOR*\@/;
+	}
+	elsif (/^$COLOR*-/) {
+		push @removed, $_;
+	}
+	elsif (/^$COLOR*\+/) {
+		push @added, $_;
+	}
+	else {
+		show_hunk(\@removed, \@added);
+		@removed = ();
+		@added = ();
+
+		print;
+		$in_hunk = /^$COLOR*[\@ ]/;
+	}
+
+	# Most of the time there is enough output to keep things streaming,
+	# but for something like "git log -Sfoo", you can get one early
+	# commit and then many seconds of nothing. We want to show
+	# that one commit as soon as possible.
+	#
+	# Since we can receive arbitrary input, there's no optimal
+	# place to flush. Flushing on a blank line is a heuristic that
+	# happens to match git-log output.
+	if (!length) {
+		local $| = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+# Flush any queued hunk (this can happen when there is no trailing context in
+# the final diff of the input).
+show_hunk(\@removed, \@added);
+
+exit 0;
+
+sub show_hunk {
+	my ($a, $b) = @_;
+
+	# If one side is empty, then there is nothing to compare or highlight.
+	if (!@$a || !@$b) {
+		print @$a, @$b;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	# If we have mismatched numbers of lines on each side, we could try to
+	# be clever and match up similar lines. But for now we are simple and
+	# stupid, and only handle multi-line hunks that remove and add the same
+	# number of lines.
+	if (@$a != @$b) {
+		print @$a, @$b;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	my @queue;
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @$a; $i++) {
+		my ($rm, $add) = highlight_pair($a->[$i], $b->[$i]);
+		print $rm;
+		push @queue, $add;
+	}
+	print @queue;
+}
+
+sub highlight_pair {
+	my @a = split_line(shift);
+	my @b = split_line(shift);
+
+	# Find common prefix, taking care to skip any ansi
+	# color codes.
+	my $seen_plusminus;
+	my ($pa, $pb) = (0, 0);
+	while ($pa < @a && $pb < @b) {
+		if ($a[$pa] =~ /$COLOR/) {
+			$pa++;
+		}
+		elsif ($b[$pb] =~ /$COLOR/) {
+			$pb++;
+		}
+		elsif ($a[$pa] eq $b[$pb]) {
+			$pa++;
+			$pb++;
+		}
+		elsif (!$seen_plusminus && $a[$pa] eq '-' && $b[$pb] eq '+') {
+			$seen_plusminus = 1;
+			$pa++;
+			$pb++;
+		}
+		else {
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Find common suffix, ignoring colors.
+	my ($sa, $sb) = ($#a, $#b);
+	while ($sa >= $pa && $sb >= $pb) {
+		if ($a[$sa] =~ /$COLOR/) {
+			$sa--;
+		}
+		elsif ($b[$sb] =~ /$COLOR/) {
+			$sb--;
+		}
+		elsif ($a[$sa] eq $b[$sb]) {
+			$sa--;
+			$sb--;
+		}
+		else {
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (is_pair_interesting(\@a, $pa, $sa, \@b, $pb, $sb)) {
+		return highlight_line(\@a, $pa, $sa),
+		       highlight_line(\@b, $pb, $sb);
+	}
+	else {
+		return join('', @a),
+		       join('', @b);
+	}
+}
+
+sub split_line {
+	local $_ = shift;
+	return map { /$COLOR/ ? $_ : (split //) }
+	       split /($COLOR*)/;
+}
+
+sub highlight_line {
+	my ($line, $prefix, $suffix) = @_;
+
+	return join('',
+		@{$line}[0..($prefix-1)],
+		$HIGHLIGHT,
+		@{$line}[$prefix..$suffix],
+		$UNHIGHLIGHT,
+		@{$line}[($suffix+1)..$#$line]
+	);
+}
+
+# Pairs are interesting to highlight only if we are going to end up
+# highlighting a subset (i.e., not the whole line). Otherwise, the highlighting
+# is just useless noise. We can detect this by finding either a matching prefix
+# or suffix (disregarding boring bits like whitespace and colorization).
+sub is_pair_interesting {
+	my ($a, $pa, $sa, $b, $pb, $sb) = @_;
+	my $prefix_a = join('', @$a[0..($pa-1)]);
+	my $prefix_b = join('', @$b[0..($pb-1)]);
+	my $suffix_a = join('', @$a[($sa+1)..$#$a]);
+	my $suffix_b = join('', @$b[($sb+1)..$#$b]);
+
+	return $prefix_a !~ /^$COLOR*-$BORING*$/ ||
+	       $prefix_b !~ /^$COLOR*\+$BORING*$/ ||
+	       $suffix_a !~ /^$BORING*$/ ||
+	       $suffix_b !~ /^$BORING*$/;
+}
diff --git a/contrib/diffall/README b/contrib/diffall/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..507f17d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diffall/README
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+The git-diffall script provides a directory based diff mechanism
+for git.
+
+To determine what diff viewer is used, the script requires either
+the 'diff.tool' or 'merge.tool' configuration option to be set.
+
+This script is compatible with most common forms used to specify a
+range of revisions to diff:
+
+  1. git diffall: shows diff between working tree and staged changes
+  2. git diffall --cached [<commit>]: shows diff between staged
+     changes and HEAD (or other named commit)
+  3. git diffall <commit>: shows diff between working tree and named
+     commit
+  4. git diffall <commit> <commit>: show diff between two named commits
+  5. git diffall <commit>..<commit>: same as above
+  6. git diffall <commit>...<commit>: show the changes on the branch
+     containing and up to the second, starting at a common ancestor
+     of both <commit>
+
+Note: all forms take an optional path limiter [-- <path>*]
+
+The '--extcmd=<command>' option allows the user to specify a custom
+command for viewing diffs.  When given, configured defaults are
+ignored and the script runs $command $LOCAL $REMOTE.  Additionally,
+$BASE is set in the environment.
+
+This script is based on an example provided by Thomas Rast on the
+Git list [1]:
+
+[1] http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/124807
diff --git a/contrib/diffall/git-diffall b/contrib/diffall/git-diffall
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..84f2b65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/diffall/git-diffall
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# Copyright 2010 - 2012, Tim Henigan <tim.henigan@gmail.com>
+#
+# Perform a directory diff between commits in the repository using
+# the external diff or merge tool specified in the user's config.
+
+USAGE='[--cached] [--copy-back] [-x|--extcmd=<command>] <commit>{0,2} [-- <path>*]
+
+    --cached     Compare to the index rather than the working tree.
+
+    --copy-back  Copy files back to the working tree when the diff
+                 tool exits (in case they were modified by the
+                 user).  This option is only valid if the diff
+                 compared with the working tree.
+
+    -x=<command>
+    --extcmd=<command>  Specify a custom command for viewing diffs.
+                 git-diffall ignores the configured defaults and
+                 runs $command $LOCAL $REMOTE when this option is
+                 specified. Additionally, $BASE is set in the
+                 environment.
+'
+
+SUBDIRECTORY_OK=1
+. "$(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup"
+
+TOOL_MODE=diff
+. "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"
+
+merge_tool="$(get_merge_tool)"
+if test -z "$merge_tool"
+then
+	echo "Error: Either the 'diff.tool' or 'merge.tool' option must be set."
+	usage
+fi
+
+start_dir=$(pwd)
+
+# All the file paths returned by the diff command are relative to the root
+# of the working copy. So if the script is called from a subdirectory, it
+# must switch to the root of working copy before trying to use those paths.
+cdup=$(git rev-parse --show-cdup) &&
+cd "$cdup" || {
+	echo >&2 "Cannot chdir to $cdup, the toplevel of the working tree"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+# set up temp dir
+tmp=$(perl -e 'use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
+	$t=tempdir("/tmp/git-diffall.XXXXX") or exit(1);
+	print $t') || exit 1
+trap 'rm -rf "$tmp"' EXIT
+
+left=
+right=
+paths=
+dashdash_seen=
+compare_staged=
+merge_base=
+left_dir=
+right_dir=
+diff_tool=
+copy_back=
+
+while test $# != 0
+do
+	case "$1" in
+	-h|--h|--he|--hel|--help)
+		usage
+		;;
+	--cached)
+		compare_staged=1
+		;;
+	--copy-back)
+		copy_back=1
+		;;
+	-x|--e|--ex|--ext|--extc|--extcm|--extcmd)
+		if test $# = 1
+		then
+			echo You must specify the tool for use with --extcmd
+			usage
+		else
+			diff_tool=$2
+			shift
+		fi
+		;;
+	--)
+		dashdash_seen=1
+		;;
+	-*)
+		echo Invalid option: "$1"
+		usage
+		;;
+	*)
+		# could be commit, commit range or path limiter
+		case "$1" in
+		*...*)
+			left=${1%...*}
+			right=${1#*...}
+			merge_base=1
+			;;
+		*..*)
+			left=${1%..*}
+			right=${1#*..}
+			;;
+		*)
+			if test -n "$dashdash_seen"
+			then
+				paths="$paths$1 "
+			elif test -z "$left"
+			then
+				left=$1
+			elif test -z "$right"
+			then
+				right=$1
+			else
+				paths="$paths$1 "
+			fi
+			;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	esac
+	shift
+done
+
+# Determine the set of files which changed
+if test -n "$left" && test -n "$right"
+then
+	left_dir="cmt-$(git rev-parse --short $left)"
+	right_dir="cmt-$(git rev-parse --short $right)"
+
+	if test -n "$compare_staged"
+	then
+		usage
+	elif test -n "$merge_base"
+	then
+		git diff --name-only "$left"..."$right" -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	else
+		git diff --name-only "$left" "$right" -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	fi
+elif test -n "$left"
+then
+	left_dir="cmt-$(git rev-parse --short $left)"
+
+	if test -n "$compare_staged"
+	then
+		right_dir="staged"
+		git diff --name-only --cached "$left" -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	else
+		right_dir="working_tree"
+		git diff --name-only "$left" -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	fi
+else
+	left_dir="HEAD"
+
+	if test -n "$compare_staged"
+	then
+		right_dir="staged"
+		git diff --name-only --cached -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	else
+		right_dir="working_tree"
+		git diff --name-only -- $paths >"$tmp/filelist"
+	fi
+fi
+
+# Exit immediately if there are no diffs
+if test ! -s "$tmp/filelist"
+then
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+if test -n "$copy_back" && test "$right_dir" != "working_tree"
+then
+	echo "--copy-back is only valid when diff includes the working tree."
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+# Create the named tmp directories that will hold the files to be compared
+mkdir -p "$tmp/$left_dir" "$tmp/$right_dir"
+
+# Populate the tmp/right_dir directory with the files to be compared
+while read name
+do
+	if test -n "$right"
+	then
+		ls_list=$(git ls-tree $right "$name")
+		if test -n "$ls_list"
+		then
+			mkdir -p "$tmp/$right_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+			git show "$right":"$name" >"$tmp/$right_dir/$name" || true
+		fi
+	elif test -n "$compare_staged"
+	then
+		ls_list=$(git ls-files -- "$name")
+		if test -n "$ls_list"
+		then
+			mkdir -p "$tmp/$right_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+			git show :"$name" >"$tmp/$right_dir/$name"
+		fi
+	else
+		if test -e "$name"
+		then
+			mkdir -p "$tmp/$right_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+			cp "$name" "$tmp/$right_dir/$name"
+		fi
+	fi
+done < "$tmp/filelist"
+
+# Populate the tmp/left_dir directory with the files to be compared
+while read name
+do
+	if test -n "$left"
+	then
+		ls_list=$(git ls-tree $left "$name")
+		if test -n "$ls_list"
+		then
+			mkdir -p "$tmp/$left_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+			git show "$left":"$name" >"$tmp/$left_dir/$name" || true
+		fi
+	else
+		if test -n "$compare_staged"
+		then
+			ls_list=$(git ls-tree HEAD "$name")
+			if test -n "$ls_list"
+			then
+				mkdir -p "$tmp/$left_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+				git show HEAD:"$name" >"$tmp/$left_dir/$name"
+			fi
+		else
+			mkdir -p "$tmp/$left_dir/$(dirname "$name")"
+			git show :"$name" >"$tmp/$left_dir/$name"
+		fi
+	fi
+done < "$tmp/filelist"
+
+LOCAL="$tmp/$left_dir"
+REMOTE="$tmp/$right_dir"
+
+if test -n "$diff_tool"
+then
+	export BASE
+	eval $diff_tool '"$LOCAL"' '"$REMOTE"'
+else
+	run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" false
+fi
+
+# Copy files back to the working dir, if requested
+if test -n "$copy_back" && test "$right_dir" = "working_tree"
+then
+	cd "$start_dir"
+	git_top_dir=$(git rev-parse --show-toplevel)
+	find "$tmp/$right_dir" -type f |
+	while read file
+	do
+		cp "$file" "$git_top_dir/${file#$tmp/$right_dir/}"
+	done
+fi
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
index d351cfb..e671f6c 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git-blame.el
@@ -304,7 +304,7 @@
 
 (defun git-blame-cleanup ()
   "Remove all blame properties"
-    (mapcar 'delete-overlay git-blame-overlays)
+    (mapc 'delete-overlay git-blame-overlays)
     (setq git-blame-overlays nil)
     (remove-git-blame-text-properties (point-min) (point-max)))
 
@@ -337,16 +337,16 @@
 (defvar in-blame-filter nil)
 
 (defun git-blame-filter (proc str)
-  (save-excursion
-    (set-buffer (process-buffer proc))
-    (goto-char (process-mark proc))
-    (insert-before-markers str)
-    (goto-char 0)
-    (unless in-blame-filter
-      (let ((more t)
-            (in-blame-filter t))
-        (while more
-          (setq more (git-blame-parse)))))))
+  (with-current-buffer (process-buffer proc)
+    (save-excursion
+      (goto-char (process-mark proc))
+      (insert-before-markers str)
+      (goto-char (point-min))
+      (unless in-blame-filter
+        (let ((more t)
+              (in-blame-filter t))
+          (while more
+            (setq more (git-blame-parse))))))))
 
 (defun git-blame-parse ()
   (cond ((looking-at "\\([0-9a-f]\\{40\\}\\) \\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\) \\([0-9]+\\)\n")
@@ -385,32 +385,33 @@
           info))))
 
 (defun git-blame-create-overlay (info start-line num-lines)
-  (save-excursion
-    (set-buffer git-blame-file)
-    (let ((inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
-          (inhibit-modification-hooks t))
-      (goto-line start-line)
-      (let* ((start (point))
-             (end (progn (forward-line num-lines) (point)))
-             (ovl (make-overlay start end))
-             (hash (car info))
-             (spec `((?h . ,(substring hash 0 6))
-                     (?H . ,hash)
-                     (?a . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author))
-                     (?A . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author-mail))
-                     (?c . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer))
-                     (?C . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer-mail))
-                     (?s . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'summary)))))
-        (push ovl git-blame-overlays)
-        (overlay-put ovl 'git-blame info)
-        (overlay-put ovl 'help-echo
-                     (format-spec git-blame-mouseover-format spec))
-        (if git-blame-use-colors
-            (overlay-put ovl 'face (list :background
-                                         (cdr (assq 'color (cdr info))))))
-        (overlay-put ovl 'line-prefix
-                     (propertize (format-spec git-blame-prefix-format spec)
-                                 'face 'git-blame-prefix-face))))))
+  (with-current-buffer git-blame-file
+    (save-excursion
+      (let ((inhibit-point-motion-hooks t)
+            (inhibit-modification-hooks t))
+        (goto-char (point-min))
+        (forward-line (1- start-line))
+        (let* ((start (point))
+               (end (progn (forward-line num-lines) (point)))
+               (ovl (make-overlay start end))
+               (hash (car info))
+               (spec `((?h . ,(substring hash 0 6))
+                       (?H . ,hash)
+                       (?a . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author))
+                       (?A . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'author-mail))
+                       (?c . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer))
+                       (?C . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'committer-mail))
+                       (?s . ,(git-blame-get-info info 'summary)))))
+          (push ovl git-blame-overlays)
+          (overlay-put ovl 'git-blame info)
+          (overlay-put ovl 'help-echo
+                       (format-spec git-blame-mouseover-format spec))
+          (if git-blame-use-colors
+              (overlay-put ovl 'face (list :background
+                                           (cdr (assq 'color (cdr info))))))
+          (overlay-put ovl 'line-prefix
+                       (propertize (format-spec git-blame-prefix-format spec)
+                                   'face 'git-blame-prefix-face)))))))
 
 (defun git-blame-add-info (info key value)
   (nconc info (list (cons (intern key) value))))
diff --git a/contrib/emacs/git.el b/contrib/emacs/git.el
index 65c95d9..5ffc506 100644
--- a/contrib/emacs/git.el
+++ b/contrib/emacs/git.el
@@ -1671,7 +1671,7 @@
   "Entry point into git-status mode."
   (interactive "DSelect directory: ")
   (setq dir (git-get-top-dir dir))
-  (if (file-directory-p (concat (file-name-as-directory dir) ".git"))
+  (if (file-exists-p (concat (file-name-as-directory dir) ".git"))
       (let ((buffer (or (and git-reuse-status-buffer (git-find-status-buffer dir))
                         (create-file-buffer (expand-file-name "*git-status*" dir)))))
         (switch-to-buffer buffer)
diff --git a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
index 3140e40..8bc8c75 100644
--- a/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
+++ b/contrib/examples/builtin-fetch--tool.c
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@
 	strcpy(oldh, find_unique_abbrev(current->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	strcpy(newh, find_unique_abbrev(sha1_new, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 
-	if (in_merge_bases(current, &updated, 1)) {
+	if (in_merge_bases(current, updated)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "* %s: fast-forward to %s\n",
 			name, note);
 		fprintf(stderr, "  old..new: %s..%s\n", oldh, newh);
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@
 		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
 		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 		if (!fp)
-			return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+			return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
 		result = append_fetch_head(fp, argv[2], argv[3],
 					   argv[4], argv[5],
 					   argv[6], !!argv[7][0],
@@ -536,7 +536,7 @@
 		filename = git_path("FETCH_HEAD");
 		fp = fopen(filename, "a");
 		if (!fp)
-			return error("cannot open %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(errno));
+			return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
 		result = fetch_native_store(fp, argv[2], argv[3], argv[4],
 					    verbose, force);
 		fclose(fp);
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4 b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
deleted file mode 100755
index 2f7b270..0000000
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,2243 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env python
-#
-# git-p4.py -- A tool for bidirectional operation between a Perforce depot and git.
-#
-# Author: Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
-# Copyright: 2007 Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
-#            2007 Trolltech ASA
-# License: MIT <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php>
-#
-
-import optparse, sys, os, marshal, subprocess, shelve
-import tempfile, getopt, os.path, time, platform
-import re
-
-verbose = False
-
-
-def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
-    """Build a suitable p4 command line.
-
-    This consolidates building and returning a p4 command line into one
-    location. It means that hooking into the environment, or other configuration
-    can be done more easily.
-    """
-    real_cmd = "%s " % "p4"
-
-    user = gitConfig("git-p4.user")
-    if len(user) > 0:
-        real_cmd += "-u %s " % user
-
-    password = gitConfig("git-p4.password")
-    if len(password) > 0:
-        real_cmd += "-P %s " % password
-
-    port = gitConfig("git-p4.port")
-    if len(port) > 0:
-        real_cmd += "-p %s " % port
-
-    host = gitConfig("git-p4.host")
-    if len(host) > 0:
-        real_cmd += "-h %s " % host
-
-    client = gitConfig("git-p4.client")
-    if len(client) > 0:
-        real_cmd += "-c %s " % client
-
-    real_cmd += "%s" % (cmd)
-    if verbose:
-        print real_cmd
-    return real_cmd
-
-def chdir(dir):
-    if os.name == 'nt':
-        os.environ['PWD']=dir
-    os.chdir(dir)
-
-def die(msg):
-    if verbose:
-        raise Exception(msg)
-    else:
-        sys.stderr.write(msg + "\n")
-        sys.exit(1)
-
-def write_pipe(c, str):
-    if verbose:
-        sys.stderr.write('Writing pipe: %s\n' % c)
-
-    pipe = os.popen(c, 'w')
-    val = pipe.write(str)
-    if pipe.close():
-        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
-
-    return val
-
-def p4_write_pipe(c, str):
-    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
-    return write_pipe(real_cmd, str)
-
-def read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
-    if verbose:
-        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % c)
-
-    pipe = os.popen(c, 'rb')
-    val = pipe.read()
-    if pipe.close() and not ignore_error:
-        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
-
-    return val
-
-def p4_read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
-    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
-    return read_pipe(real_cmd, ignore_error)
-
-def read_pipe_lines(c):
-    if verbose:
-        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % c)
-    ## todo: check return status
-    pipe = os.popen(c, 'rb')
-    val = pipe.readlines()
-    if pipe.close():
-        die('Command failed: %s' % c)
-
-    return val
-
-def p4_read_pipe_lines(c):
-    """Specifically invoke p4 on the command supplied. """
-    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
-    return read_pipe_lines(real_cmd)
-
-def system(cmd):
-    if verbose:
-        sys.stderr.write("executing %s\n" % cmd)
-    if os.system(cmd) != 0:
-        die("command failed: %s" % cmd)
-
-def p4_system(cmd):
-    """Specifically invoke p4 as the system command. """
-    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(cmd)
-    return system(real_cmd)
-
-def isP4Exec(kind):
-    """Determine if a Perforce 'kind' should have execute permission
-
-    'p4 help filetypes' gives a list of the types.  If it starts with 'x',
-    or x follows one of a few letters.  Otherwise, if there is an 'x' after
-    a plus sign, it is also executable"""
-    return (re.search(r"(^[cku]?x)|\+.*x", kind) != None)
-
-def setP4ExecBit(file, mode):
-    # Reopens an already open file and changes the execute bit to match
-    # the execute bit setting in the passed in mode.
-
-    p4Type = "+x"
-
-    if not isModeExec(mode):
-        p4Type = getP4OpenedType(file)
-        p4Type = re.sub('^([cku]?)x(.*)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
-        p4Type = re.sub('(.*?\+.*?)x(.*?)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
-        if p4Type[-1] == "+":
-            p4Type = p4Type[0:-1]
-
-    p4_system("reopen -t %s %s" % (p4Type, file))
-
-def getP4OpenedType(file):
-    # Returns the perforce file type for the given file.
-
-    result = p4_read_pipe("opened %s" % file)
-    match = re.match(".*\((.+)\)\r?$", result)
-    if match:
-        return match.group(1)
-    else:
-        die("Could not determine file type for %s (result: '%s')" % (file, result))
-
-def diffTreePattern():
-    # This is a simple generator for the diff tree regex pattern. This could be
-    # a class variable if this and parseDiffTreeEntry were a part of a class.
-    pattern = re.compile(':(\d+) (\d+) (\w+) (\w+) ([A-Z])(\d+)?\t(.*?)((\t(.*))|$)')
-    while True:
-        yield pattern
-
-def parseDiffTreeEntry(entry):
-    """Parses a single diff tree entry into its component elements.
-
-    See git-diff-tree(1) manpage for details about the format of the diff
-    output. This method returns a dictionary with the following elements:
-
-    src_mode - The mode of the source file
-    dst_mode - The mode of the destination file
-    src_sha1 - The sha1 for the source file
-    dst_sha1 - The sha1 fr the destination file
-    status - The one letter status of the diff (i.e. 'A', 'M', 'D', etc)
-    status_score - The score for the status (applicable for 'C' and 'R'
-                   statuses). This is None if there is no score.
-    src - The path for the source file.
-    dst - The path for the destination file. This is only present for
-          copy or renames. If it is not present, this is None.
-
-    If the pattern is not matched, None is returned."""
-
-    match = diffTreePattern().next().match(entry)
-    if match:
-        return {
-            'src_mode': match.group(1),
-            'dst_mode': match.group(2),
-            'src_sha1': match.group(3),
-            'dst_sha1': match.group(4),
-            'status': match.group(5),
-            'status_score': match.group(6),
-            'src': match.group(7),
-            'dst': match.group(10)
-        }
-    return None
-
-def isModeExec(mode):
-    # Returns True if the given git mode represents an executable file,
-    # otherwise False.
-    return mode[-3:] == "755"
-
-def isModeExecChanged(src_mode, dst_mode):
-    return isModeExec(src_mode) != isModeExec(dst_mode)
-
-def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
-    cmd = p4_build_cmd("-G %s" % (cmd))
-    if verbose:
-        sys.stderr.write("Opening pipe: %s\n" % cmd)
-
-    # Use a temporary file to avoid deadlocks without
-    # subprocess.communicate(), which would put another copy
-    # of stdout into memory.
-    stdin_file = None
-    if stdin is not None:
-        stdin_file = tempfile.TemporaryFile(prefix='p4-stdin', mode=stdin_mode)
-        stdin_file.write(stdin)
-        stdin_file.flush()
-        stdin_file.seek(0)
-
-    p4 = subprocess.Popen(cmd, shell=True,
-                          stdin=stdin_file,
-                          stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
-
-    result = []
-    try:
-        while True:
-            entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
-            if cb is not None:
-                cb(entry)
-            else:
-                result.append(entry)
-    except EOFError:
-        pass
-    exitCode = p4.wait()
-    if exitCode != 0:
-        entry = {}
-        entry["p4ExitCode"] = exitCode
-        result.append(entry)
-
-    return result
-
-def p4Cmd(cmd):
-    list = p4CmdList(cmd)
-    result = {}
-    for entry in list:
-        result.update(entry)
-    return result;
-
-def p4Where(depotPath):
-    if not depotPath.endswith("/"):
-        depotPath += "/"
-    depotPath = depotPath + "..."
-    outputList = p4CmdList("where %s" % depotPath)
-    output = None
-    for entry in outputList:
-        if "depotFile" in entry:
-            if entry["depotFile"] == depotPath:
-                output = entry
-                break
-        elif "data" in entry:
-            data = entry.get("data")
-            space = data.find(" ")
-            if data[:space] == depotPath:
-                output = entry
-                break
-    if output == None:
-        return ""
-    if output["code"] == "error":
-        return ""
-    clientPath = ""
-    if "path" in output:
-        clientPath = output.get("path")
-    elif "data" in output:
-        data = output.get("data")
-        lastSpace = data.rfind(" ")
-        clientPath = data[lastSpace + 1:]
-
-    if clientPath.endswith("..."):
-        clientPath = clientPath[:-3]
-    return clientPath
-
-def currentGitBranch():
-    return read_pipe("git name-rev HEAD").split(" ")[1].strip()
-
-def isValidGitDir(path):
-    if (os.path.exists(path + "/HEAD")
-        and os.path.exists(path + "/refs") and os.path.exists(path + "/objects")):
-        return True;
-    return False
-
-def parseRevision(ref):
-    return read_pipe("git rev-parse %s" % ref).strip()
-
-def extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit):
-    logMessage = ""
-
-    ## fixme: title is first line of commit, not 1st paragraph.
-    foundTitle = False
-    for log in read_pipe_lines("git cat-file commit %s" % commit):
-       if not foundTitle:
-           if len(log) == 1:
-               foundTitle = True
-           continue
-
-       logMessage += log
-    return logMessage
-
-def extractSettingsGitLog(log):
-    values = {}
-    for line in log.split("\n"):
-        line = line.strip()
-        m = re.search (r"^ *\[git-p4: (.*)\]$", line)
-        if not m:
-            continue
-
-        assignments = m.group(1).split (':')
-        for a in assignments:
-            vals = a.split ('=')
-            key = vals[0].strip()
-            val = ('='.join (vals[1:])).strip()
-            if val.endswith ('\"') and val.startswith('"'):
-                val = val[1:-1]
-
-            values[key] = val
-
-    paths = values.get("depot-paths")
-    if not paths:
-        paths = values.get("depot-path")
-    if paths:
-        values['depot-paths'] = paths.split(',')
-    return values
-
-def gitBranchExists(branch):
-    proc = subprocess.Popen(["git", "rev-parse", branch],
-                            stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE);
-    return proc.wait() == 0;
-
-_gitConfig = {}
-def gitConfig(key, args = None): # set args to "--bool", for instance
-    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        argsFilter = ""
-        if args != None:
-            argsFilter = "%s " % args
-        cmd = "git config %s%s" % (argsFilter, key)
-        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True).strip()
-    return _gitConfig[key]
-
-def gitConfigList(key):
-    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
-        _gitConfig[key] = read_pipe("git config --get-all %s" % key, ignore_error=True).strip().split(os.linesep)
-    return _gitConfig[key]
-
-def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes = True):
-    branches = {}
-
-    cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
-    if branchesAreInRemotes:
-        cmdline += " --remotes"
-    else:
-        cmdline += " --branches"
-
-    for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
-        line = line.strip()
-
-        ## only import to p4/
-        if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
-            continue
-        branch = line
-
-        # strip off p4
-        branch = re.sub ("^p4/", "", line)
-
-        branches[branch] = parseRevision(line)
-    return branches
-
-def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
-    branches = p4BranchesInGit()
-    # map from depot-path to branch name
-    branchByDepotPath = {}
-    for branch in branches.keys():
-        tip = branches[branch]
-        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(tip)
-        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
-            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
-            branchByDepotPath[paths] = "remotes/p4/" + branch
-
-    settings = None
-    parent = 0
-    while parent < 65535:
-        commit = head + "~%s" % parent
-        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit)
-        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
-            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
-            if branchByDepotPath.has_key(paths):
-                return [branchByDepotPath[paths], settings]
-
-        parent = parent + 1
-
-    return ["", settings]
-
-def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent=True):
-    if not silent:
-        print ("Creating/updating branch(es) in %s based on origin branch(es)"
-               % localRefPrefix)
-
-    originPrefix = "origin/p4/"
-
-    for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes"):
-        line = line.strip()
-        if (not line.startswith(originPrefix)) or line.endswith("HEAD"):
-            continue
-
-        headName = line[len(originPrefix):]
-        remoteHead = localRefPrefix + headName
-        originHead = line
-
-        original = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(originHead))
-        if (not original.has_key('depot-paths')
-            or not original.has_key('change')):
-            continue
-
-        update = False
-        if not gitBranchExists(remoteHead):
-            if verbose:
-                print "creating %s" % remoteHead
-            update = True
-        else:
-            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(remoteHead))
-            if settings.has_key('change') > 0:
-                if settings['depot-paths'] == original['depot-paths']:
-                    originP4Change = int(original['change'])
-                    p4Change = int(settings['change'])
-                    if originP4Change > p4Change:
-                        print ("%s (%s) is newer than %s (%s). "
-                               "Updating p4 branch from origin."
-                               % (originHead, originP4Change,
-                                  remoteHead, p4Change))
-                        update = True
-                else:
-                    print ("Ignoring: %s was imported from %s while "
-                           "%s was imported from %s"
-                           % (originHead, ','.join(original['depot-paths']),
-                              remoteHead, ','.join(settings['depot-paths'])))
-
-        if update:
-            system("git update-ref %s %s" % (remoteHead, originHead))
-
-def originP4BranchesExist():
-        return gitBranchExists("origin") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4/master")
-
-def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange):
-    assert depotPaths
-    output = p4_read_pipe_lines("changes " + ' '.join (["%s...%s" % (p, changeRange)
-                                                        for p in depotPaths]))
-
-    changes = {}
-    for line in output:
-        changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
-        changes[changeNum] = True
-
-    changelist = changes.keys()
-    changelist.sort()
-    return changelist
-
-def p4PathStartsWith(path, prefix):
-    # This method tries to remedy a potential mixed-case issue:
-    #
-    # If UserA adds  //depot/DirA/file1
-    # and UserB adds //depot/dira/file2
-    #
-    # we may or may not have a problem. If you have core.ignorecase=true,
-    # we treat DirA and dira as the same directory
-    ignorecase = gitConfig("core.ignorecase", "--bool") == "true"
-    if ignorecase:
-        return path.lower().startswith(prefix.lower())
-    return path.startswith(prefix)
-
-class Command:
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
-        self.needsGit = True
-
-class P4UserMap:
-    def __init__(self):
-        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
-
-    def getUserCacheFilename(self):
-        home = os.environ.get("HOME", os.environ.get("USERPROFILE"))
-        return home + "/.gitp4-usercache.txt"
-
-    def getUserMapFromPerforceServer(self):
-        if self.userMapFromPerforceServer:
-            return
-        self.users = {}
-        self.emails = {}
-
-        for output in p4CmdList("users"):
-            if not output.has_key("User"):
-                continue
-            self.users[output["User"]] = output["FullName"] + " <" + output["Email"] + ">"
-            self.emails[output["Email"]] = output["User"]
-
-
-        s = ''
-        for (key, val) in self.users.items():
-            s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
-
-        open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "wb").write(s)
-        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = True
-
-    def loadUserMapFromCache(self):
-        self.users = {}
-        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
-        try:
-            cache = open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "rb")
-            lines = cache.readlines()
-            cache.close()
-            for line in lines:
-                entry = line.strip().split("\t")
-                self.users[entry[0]] = entry[1]
-        except IOError:
-            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
-
-class P4Debug(Command):
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [
-            optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true",
-                                 default=False),
-            ]
-        self.description = "A tool to debug the output of p4 -G."
-        self.needsGit = False
-        self.verbose = False
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        j = 0
-        for output in p4CmdList(" ".join(args)):
-            print 'Element: %d' % j
-            j += 1
-            print output
-        return True
-
-class P4RollBack(Command):
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [
-            optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
-            optparse.make_option("--local", dest="rollbackLocalBranches", action="store_true")
-        ]
-        self.description = "A tool to debug the multi-branch import. Don't use :)"
-        self.verbose = False
-        self.rollbackLocalBranches = False
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        if len(args) != 1:
-            return False
-        maxChange = int(args[0])
-
-        if "p4ExitCode" in p4Cmd("changes -m 1"):
-            die("Problems executing p4");
-
-        if self.rollbackLocalBranches:
-            refPrefix = "refs/heads/"
-            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --branches")
-        else:
-            refPrefix = "refs/remotes/"
-            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes")
-
-        for line in lines:
-            if self.rollbackLocalBranches or (line.startswith("p4/") and line != "p4/HEAD\n"):
-                line = line.strip()
-                ref = refPrefix + line
-                log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
-                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-
-                depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
-                change = settings['change']
-
-                changed = False
-
-                if len(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 "  + ' '.join (['%s...@%s' % (p, maxChange)
-                                                           for p in depotPaths]))) == 0:
-                    print "Branch %s did not exist at change %s, deleting." % (ref, maxChange)
-                    system("git update-ref -d %s `git rev-parse %s`" % (ref, ref))
-                    continue
-
-                while change and int(change) > maxChange:
-                    changed = True
-                    if self.verbose:
-                        print "%s is at %s ; rewinding towards %s" % (ref, change, maxChange)
-                    system("git update-ref %s \"%s^\"" % (ref, ref))
-                    log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
-                    settings =  extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-
-
-                    depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
-                    change = settings['change']
-
-                if changed:
-                    print "%s rewound to %s" % (ref, change)
-
-        return True
-
-class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        P4UserMap.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [
-                optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
-                optparse.make_option("--origin", dest="origin"),
-                optparse.make_option("-M", dest="detectRenames", action="store_true"),
-                # preserve the user, requires relevant p4 permissions
-                optparse.make_option("--preserve-user", dest="preserveUser", action="store_true"),
-        ]
-        self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
-        self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
-        self.interactive = True
-        self.origin = ""
-        self.detectRenames = False
-        self.verbose = False
-        self.preserveUser = gitConfig("git-p4.preserveUser").lower() == "true"
-        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
-        self.myP4UserId = None
-
-    def check(self):
-        if len(p4CmdList("opened ...")) > 0:
-            die("You have files opened with perforce! Close them before starting the sync.")
-
-    # replaces everything between 'Description:' and the next P4 submit template field with the
-    # commit message
-    def prepareLogMessage(self, template, message):
-        result = ""
-
-        inDescriptionSection = False
-
-        for line in template.split("\n"):
-            if line.startswith("#"):
-                result += line + "\n"
-                continue
-
-            if inDescriptionSection:
-                if line.startswith("Files:") or line.startswith("Jobs:"):
-                    inDescriptionSection = False
-                else:
-                    continue
-            else:
-                if line.startswith("Description:"):
-                    inDescriptionSection = True
-                    line += "\n"
-                    for messageLine in message.split("\n"):
-                        line += "\t" + messageLine + "\n"
-
-            result += line + "\n"
-
-        return result
-
-    def p4UserForCommit(self,id):
-        # Return the tuple (perforce user,git email) for a given git commit id
-        self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
-        gitEmail = read_pipe("git log --max-count=1 --format='%%ae' %s" % id)
-        gitEmail = gitEmail.strip()
-        if not self.emails.has_key(gitEmail):
-            return (None,gitEmail)
-        else:
-            return (self.emails[gitEmail],gitEmail)
-
-    def checkValidP4Users(self,commits):
-        # check if any git authors cannot be mapped to p4 users
-        for id in commits:
-            (user,email) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
-            if not user:
-                msg = "Cannot find p4 user for email %s in commit %s." % (email, id)
-                if gitConfig('git-p4.allowMissingP4Users').lower() == "true":
-                    print "%s" % msg
-                else:
-                    die("Error: %s\nSet git-p4.allowMissingP4Users to true to allow this." % msg)
-
-    def lastP4Changelist(self):
-        # Get back the last changelist number submitted in this client spec. This
-        # then gets used to patch up the username in the change. If the same
-        # client spec is being used by multiple processes then this might go
-        # wrong.
-        results = p4CmdList("client -o")        # find the current client
-        client = None
-        for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('Client'):
-                client = r['Client']
-                break
-        if not client:
-            die("could not get client spec")
-        results = p4CmdList("changes -c %s -m 1" % client)
-        for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('change'):
-                return r['change']
-        die("Could not get changelist number for last submit - cannot patch up user details")
-
-    def modifyChangelistUser(self, changelist, newUser):
-        # fixup the user field of a changelist after it has been submitted.
-        changes = p4CmdList("change -o %s" % changelist)
-        if len(changes) != 1:
-            die("Bad output from p4 change modifying %s to user %s" %
-                (changelist, newUser))
-
-        c = changes[0]
-        if c['User'] == newUser: return   # nothing to do
-        c['User'] = newUser
-        input = marshal.dumps(c)
-
-        result = p4CmdList("change -f -i", stdin=input)
-        for r in result:
-            if r.has_key('code'):
-                if r['code'] == 'error':
-                    die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s:%s" % (changelist, newUser, r['data']))
-            if r.has_key('data'):
-                print("Updated user field for changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
-                return
-        die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
-
-    def canChangeChangelists(self):
-        # check to see if we have p4 admin or super-user permissions, either of
-        # which are required to modify changelists.
-        results = p4CmdList("protects %s" % self.depotPath)
-        for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('perm'):
-                if r['perm'] == 'admin':
-                    return 1
-                if r['perm'] == 'super':
-                    return 1
-        return 0
-
-    def p4UserId(self):
-        if self.myP4UserId:
-            return self.myP4UserId
-
-        results = p4CmdList("user -o")
-        for r in results:
-            if r.has_key('User'):
-                self.myP4UserId = r['User']
-                return r['User']
-        die("Could not find your p4 user id")
-
-    def p4UserIsMe(self, p4User):
-        # return True if the given p4 user is actually me
-        me = self.p4UserId()
-        if not p4User or p4User != me:
-            return False
-        else:
-            return True
-
-    def prepareSubmitTemplate(self):
-        # remove lines in the Files section that show changes to files outside the depot path we're committing into
-        template = ""
-        inFilesSection = False
-        for line in p4_read_pipe_lines("change -o"):
-            if line.endswith("\r\n"):
-                line = line[:-2] + "\n"
-            if inFilesSection:
-                if line.startswith("\t"):
-                    # path starts and ends with a tab
-                    path = line[1:]
-                    lastTab = path.rfind("\t")
-                    if lastTab != -1:
-                        path = path[:lastTab]
-                        if not p4PathStartsWith(path, self.depotPath):
-                            continue
-                else:
-                    inFilesSection = False
-            else:
-                if line.startswith("Files:"):
-                    inFilesSection = True
-
-            template += line
-
-        return template
-
-    def applyCommit(self, id):
-        print "Applying %s" % (read_pipe("git log --max-count=1 --pretty=oneline %s" % id))
-
-        (p4User, gitEmail) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
-
-        if not self.detectRenames:
-            # If not explicitly set check the config variable
-            self.detectRenames = gitConfig("git-p4.detectRenames")
-
-        if self.detectRenames.lower() == "false" or self.detectRenames == "":
-            diffOpts = ""
-        elif self.detectRenames.lower() == "true":
-            diffOpts = "-M"
-        else:
-            diffOpts = "-M%s" % self.detectRenames
-
-        detectCopies = gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopies")
-        if detectCopies.lower() == "true":
-            diffOpts += " -C"
-        elif detectCopies != "" and detectCopies.lower() != "false":
-            diffOpts += " -C%s" % detectCopies
-
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder", "--bool") == "true":
-            diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
-
-        diff = read_pipe_lines("git diff-tree -r %s \"%s^\" \"%s\"" % (diffOpts, id, id))
-        filesToAdd = set()
-        filesToDelete = set()
-        editedFiles = set()
-        filesToChangeExecBit = {}
-        for line in diff:
-            diff = parseDiffTreeEntry(line)
-            modifier = diff['status']
-            path = diff['src']
-            if modifier == "M":
-                p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % path)
-                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
-                    filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
-                editedFiles.add(path)
-            elif modifier == "A":
-                filesToAdd.add(path)
-                filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
-                if path in filesToDelete:
-                    filesToDelete.remove(path)
-            elif modifier == "D":
-                filesToDelete.add(path)
-                if path in filesToAdd:
-                    filesToAdd.remove(path)
-            elif modifier == "C":
-                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
-                p4_system("integrate -Dt \"%s\" \"%s\"" % (src, dest))
-                if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
-                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
-                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
-                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
-                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
-                os.unlink(dest)
-                editedFiles.add(dest)
-            elif modifier == "R":
-                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
-                p4_system("integrate -Dt \"%s\" \"%s\"" % (src, dest))
-                if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
-                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
-                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
-                    p4_system("edit \"%s\"" % (dest))
-                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
-                os.unlink(dest)
-                editedFiles.add(dest)
-                filesToDelete.add(src)
-            else:
-                die("unknown modifier %s for %s" % (modifier, path))
-
-        diffcmd = "git format-patch -k --stdout \"%s^\"..\"%s\"" % (id, id)
-        patchcmd = diffcmd + " | git apply "
-        tryPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check -"
-        applyPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check --apply -"
-
-        if os.system(tryPatchCmd) != 0:
-            print "Unfortunately applying the change failed!"
-            print "What do you want to do?"
-            response = "x"
-            while response != "s" and response != "a" and response != "w":
-                response = raw_input("[s]kip this patch / [a]pply the patch forcibly "
-                                     "and with .rej files / [w]rite the patch to a file (patch.txt) ")
-            if response == "s":
-                print "Skipping! Good luck with the next patches..."
-                for f in editedFiles:
-                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
-                for f in filesToAdd:
-                    system("rm %s" %f)
-                return
-            elif response == "a":
-                os.system(applyPatchCmd)
-                if len(filesToAdd) > 0:
-                    print "You may also want to call p4 add on the following files:"
-                    print " ".join(filesToAdd)
-                if len(filesToDelete):
-                    print "The following files should be scheduled for deletion with p4 delete:"
-                    print " ".join(filesToDelete)
-                die("Please resolve and submit the conflict manually and "
-                    + "continue afterwards with git-p4 submit --continue")
-            elif response == "w":
-                system(diffcmd + " > patch.txt")
-                print "Patch saved to patch.txt in %s !" % self.clientPath
-                die("Please resolve and submit the conflict manually and "
-                    "continue afterwards with git-p4 submit --continue")
-
-        system(applyPatchCmd)
-
-        for f in filesToAdd:
-            p4_system("add \"%s\"" % f)
-        for f in filesToDelete:
-            p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f)
-            p4_system("delete \"%s\"" % f)
-
-        # Set/clear executable bits
-        for f in filesToChangeExecBit.keys():
-            mode = filesToChangeExecBit[f]
-            setP4ExecBit(f, mode)
-
-        logMessage = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(id)
-        logMessage = logMessage.strip()
-
-        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate()
-
-        if self.interactive:
-            submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage)
-
-            if self.preserveUser:
-               submitTemplate = submitTemplate + ("\n######## Actual user %s, modified after commit\n" % p4User)
-
-            if os.environ.has_key("P4DIFF"):
-                del(os.environ["P4DIFF"])
-            diff = ""
-            for editedFile in editedFiles:
-                diff += p4_read_pipe("diff -du %r" % editedFile)
-
-            newdiff = ""
-            for newFile in filesToAdd:
-                newdiff += "==== new file ====\n"
-                newdiff += "--- /dev/null\n"
-                newdiff += "+++ %s\n" % newFile
-                f = open(newFile, "r")
-                for line in f.readlines():
-                    newdiff += "+" + line
-                f.close()
-
-            if self.checkAuthorship and not self.p4UserIsMe(p4User):
-                submitTemplate += "######## git author %s does not match your p4 account.\n" % gitEmail
-                submitTemplate += "######## Use git-p4 option --preserve-user to modify authorship\n"
-                submitTemplate += "######## Use git-p4 config git-p4.skipUserNameCheck hides this message.\n"
-
-            separatorLine = "######## everything below this line is just the diff #######\n"
-
-            [handle, fileName] = tempfile.mkstemp()
-            tmpFile = os.fdopen(handle, "w+")
-            if self.isWindows:
-                submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\n", "\r\n")
-                separatorLine = separatorLine.replace("\n", "\r\n")
-                newdiff = newdiff.replace("\n", "\r\n")
-            tmpFile.write(submitTemplate + separatorLine + diff + newdiff)
-            tmpFile.close()
-            mtime = os.stat(fileName).st_mtime
-            if os.environ.has_key("P4EDITOR"):
-                editor = os.environ.get("P4EDITOR")
-            else:
-                editor = read_pipe("git var GIT_EDITOR").strip()
-            system(editor + " " + fileName)
-
-            if gitConfig("git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck") == "true":
-                checkModTime = False
-            else:
-                checkModTime = True
-
-            response = "y"
-            if checkModTime and (os.stat(fileName).st_mtime <= mtime):
-                response = "x"
-                while response != "y" and response != "n":
-                    response = raw_input("Submit template unchanged. Submit anyway? [y]es, [n]o (skip this patch) ")
-
-            if response == "y":
-                tmpFile = open(fileName, "rb")
-                message = tmpFile.read()
-                tmpFile.close()
-                submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
-                if self.isWindows:
-                    submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-                p4_write_pipe("submit -i", submitTemplate)
-
-                if self.preserveUser:
-                    if p4User:
-                        # Get last changelist number. Cannot easily get it from
-                        # the submit command output as the output is unmarshalled.
-                        changelist = self.lastP4Changelist()
-                        self.modifyChangelistUser(changelist, p4User)
-
-            else:
-                for f in editedFiles:
-                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
-                for f in filesToAdd:
-                    p4_system("revert \"%s\"" % f);
-                    system("rm %s" %f)
-
-            os.remove(fileName)
-        else:
-            fileName = "submit.txt"
-            file = open(fileName, "w+")
-            file.write(self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage))
-            file.close()
-            print ("Perforce submit template written as %s. "
-                   + "Please review/edit and then use p4 submit -i < %s to submit directly!"
-                   % (fileName, fileName))
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        if len(args) == 0:
-            self.master = currentGitBranch()
-            if len(self.master) == 0 or not gitBranchExists("refs/heads/%s" % self.master):
-                die("Detecting current git branch failed!")
-        elif len(args) == 1:
-            self.master = args[0]
-        else:
-            return False
-
-        allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
-        if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
-            die("%s is not in git-p4.allowSubmit" % self.master)
-
-        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
-        self.depotPath = settings['depot-paths'][0]
-        if len(self.origin) == 0:
-            self.origin = upstream
-
-        if self.preserveUser:
-            if not self.canChangeChangelists():
-                die("Cannot preserve user names without p4 super-user or admin permissions")
-
-        if self.verbose:
-            print "Origin branch is " + self.origin
-
-        if len(self.depotPath) == 0:
-            print "Internal error: cannot locate perforce depot path from existing branches"
-            sys.exit(128)
-
-        self.clientPath = p4Where(self.depotPath)
-
-        if len(self.clientPath) == 0:
-            print "Error: Cannot locate perforce checkout of %s in client view" % self.depotPath
-            sys.exit(128)
-
-        print "Perforce checkout for depot path %s located at %s" % (self.depotPath, self.clientPath)
-        self.oldWorkingDirectory = os.getcwd()
-
-        chdir(self.clientPath)
-        print "Synchronizing p4 checkout..."
-        p4_system("sync ...")
-
-        self.check()
-
-        commits = []
-        for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-list --no-merges %s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)):
-            commits.append(line.strip())
-        commits.reverse()
-
-        if self.preserveUser or (gitConfig("git-p4.skipUserNameCheck") == "true"):
-            self.checkAuthorship = False
-        else:
-            self.checkAuthorship = True
-
-        if self.preserveUser:
-            self.checkValidP4Users(commits)
-
-        while len(commits) > 0:
-            commit = commits[0]
-            commits = commits[1:]
-            self.applyCommit(commit)
-            if not self.interactive:
-                break
-
-        if len(commits) == 0:
-            print "All changes applied!"
-            chdir(self.oldWorkingDirectory)
-
-            sync = P4Sync()
-            sync.run([])
-
-            rebase = P4Rebase()
-            rebase.rebase()
-
-        return True
-
-class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
-    delete_actions = ( "delete", "move/delete", "purge" )
-
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        P4UserMap.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [
-                optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
-                optparse.make_option("--detect-branches", dest="detectBranches", action="store_true"),
-                optparse.make_option("--changesfile", dest="changesFile"),
-                optparse.make_option("--silent", dest="silent", action="store_true"),
-                optparse.make_option("--detect-labels", dest="detectLabels", action="store_true"),
-                optparse.make_option("--verbose", dest="verbose", action="store_true"),
-                optparse.make_option("--import-local", dest="importIntoRemotes", action="store_false",
-                                     help="Import into refs/heads/ , not refs/remotes"),
-                optparse.make_option("--max-changes", dest="maxChanges"),
-                optparse.make_option("--keep-path", dest="keepRepoPath", action='store_true',
-                                     help="Keep entire BRANCH/DIR/SUBDIR prefix during import"),
-                optparse.make_option("--use-client-spec", dest="useClientSpec", action='store_true',
-                                     help="Only sync files that are included in the Perforce Client Spec")
-        ]
-        self.description = """Imports from Perforce into a git repository.\n
-    example:
-    //depot/my/project/ -- to import the current head
-    //depot/my/project/@all -- to import everything
-    //depot/my/project/@1,6 -- to import only from revision 1 to 6
-
-    (a ... is not needed in the path p4 specification, it's added implicitly)"""
-
-        self.usage += " //depot/path[@revRange]"
-        self.silent = False
-        self.createdBranches = set()
-        self.committedChanges = set()
-        self.branch = ""
-        self.detectBranches = False
-        self.detectLabels = False
-        self.changesFile = ""
-        self.syncWithOrigin = True
-        self.verbose = False
-        self.importIntoRemotes = True
-        self.maxChanges = ""
-        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
-        self.keepRepoPath = False
-        self.depotPaths = None
-        self.p4BranchesInGit = []
-        self.cloneExclude = []
-        self.useClientSpec = False
-        self.clientSpecDirs = []
-
-        if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
-            self.syncWithOrigin = False
-
-    #
-    # P4 wildcards are not allowed in filenames.  P4 complains
-    # if you simply add them, but you can force it with "-f", in
-    # which case it translates them into %xx encoding internally.
-    # Search for and fix just these four characters.  Do % last so
-    # that fixing it does not inadvertently create new %-escapes.
-    #
-    def wildcard_decode(self, path):
-        # Cannot have * in a filename in windows; untested as to
-        # what p4 would do in such a case.
-        if not self.isWindows:
-            path = path.replace("%2A", "*")
-        path = path.replace("%23", "#") \
-                   .replace("%40", "@") \
-                   .replace("%25", "%")
-        return path
-
-    def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit):
-        self.cloneExclude = [re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", path)
-                             for path in self.cloneExclude]
-        files = []
-        fnum = 0
-        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
-            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
-
-            if [p for p in self.cloneExclude
-                if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]:
-                found = False
-            else:
-                found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
-                         if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
-            if not found:
-                fnum = fnum + 1
-                continue
-
-            file = {}
-            file["path"] = path
-            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
-            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
-            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
-            files.append(file)
-            fnum = fnum + 1
-        return files
-
-    def stripRepoPath(self, path, prefixes):
-        if self.useClientSpec:
-
-            # if using the client spec, we use the output directory
-            # specified in the client.  For example, a view
-            #   //depot/foo/branch/... //client/branch/foo/...
-            # will end up putting all foo/branch files into
-            #  branch/foo/
-            for val in self.clientSpecDirs:
-                if path.startswith(val[0]):
-                    # replace the depot path with the client path
-                    path = path.replace(val[0], val[1][1])
-                    # now strip out the client (//client/...)
-                    path = re.sub("^(//[^/]+/)", '', path)
-                    # the rest is all path
-                    return path
-
-        if self.keepRepoPath:
-            prefixes = [re.sub("^(//[^/]+/).*", r'\1', prefixes[0])]
-
-        for p in prefixes:
-            if p4PathStartsWith(path, p):
-                path = path[len(p):]
-
-        return path
-
-    def splitFilesIntoBranches(self, commit):
-        branches = {}
-        fnum = 0
-        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
-            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
-            found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
-                     if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
-            if not found:
-                fnum = fnum + 1
-                continue
-
-            file = {}
-            file["path"] = path
-            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
-            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
-            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
-            fnum = fnum + 1
-
-            relPath = self.stripRepoPath(path, self.depotPaths)
-
-            for branch in self.knownBranches.keys():
-
-                # add a trailing slash so that a commit into qt/4.2foo doesn't end up in qt/4.2
-                if relPath.startswith(branch + "/"):
-                    if branch not in branches:
-                        branches[branch] = []
-                    branches[branch].append(file)
-                    break
-
-        return branches
-
-    # output one file from the P4 stream
-    # - helper for streamP4Files
-
-    def streamOneP4File(self, file, contents):
-        if file["type"] == "apple":
-            print "\nfile %s is a strange apple file that forks. Ignoring" % \
-                file['depotFile']
-            return
-
-        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['depotFile'], self.branchPrefixes)
-        relPath = self.wildcard_decode(relPath)
-        if verbose:
-            sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % relPath)
-
-        mode = "644"
-        if isP4Exec(file["type"]):
-            mode = "755"
-        elif file["type"] == "symlink":
-            mode = "120000"
-            # p4 print on a symlink contains "target\n", so strip it off
-            data = ''.join(contents)
-            contents = [data[:-1]]
-
-        if self.isWindows and file["type"].endswith("text"):
-            mangled = []
-            for data in contents:
-                data = data.replace("\r\n", "\n")
-                mangled.append(data)
-            contents = mangled
-
-        if file['type'] in ('text+ko', 'unicode+ko', 'binary+ko'):
-            contents = map(lambda text: re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$',r'$\1$', text), contents)
-        elif file['type'] in ('text+k', 'ktext', 'kxtext', 'unicode+k', 'binary+k'):
-            contents = map(lambda text: re.sub(r'\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$\n]*\$',r'$\1$', text), contents)
-
-        self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (mode, relPath))
-
-        # total length...
-        length = 0
-        for d in contents:
-            length = length + len(d)
-
-        self.gitStream.write("data %d\n" % length)
-        for d in contents:
-            self.gitStream.write(d)
-        self.gitStream.write("\n")
-
-    def streamOneP4Deletion(self, file):
-        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], self.branchPrefixes)
-        if verbose:
-            sys.stderr.write("delete %s\n" % relPath)
-        self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
-
-    # handle another chunk of streaming data
-    def streamP4FilesCb(self, marshalled):
-
-        if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
-            # start of a new file - output the old one first
-            self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
-            self.stream_file = {}
-            self.stream_contents = []
-            self.stream_have_file_info = False
-
-        # pick up the new file information... for the
-        # 'data' field we need to append to our array
-        for k in marshalled.keys():
-            if k == 'data':
-                self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
-            else:
-                self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
-
-        self.stream_have_file_info = True
-
-    # Stream directly from "p4 files" into "git fast-import"
-    def streamP4Files(self, files):
-        filesForCommit = []
-        filesToRead = []
-        filesToDelete = []
-
-        for f in files:
-            includeFile = True
-            for val in self.clientSpecDirs:
-                if f['path'].startswith(val[0]):
-                    if val[1][0] <= 0:
-                        includeFile = False
-                    break
-
-            if includeFile:
-                filesForCommit.append(f)
-                if f['action'] in self.delete_actions:
-                    filesToDelete.append(f)
-                else:
-                    filesToRead.append(f)
-
-        # deleted files...
-        for f in filesToDelete:
-            self.streamOneP4Deletion(f)
-
-        if len(filesToRead) > 0:
-            self.stream_file = {}
-            self.stream_contents = []
-            self.stream_have_file_info = False
-
-            # curry self argument
-            def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
-                self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
-
-            p4CmdList("-x - print",
-                '\n'.join(['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev'])
-                                                  for f in filesToRead]),
-                cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
-
-            # do the last chunk
-            if self.stream_file.has_key('depotFile'):
-                self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
-
-    def commit(self, details, files, branch, branchPrefixes, parent = ""):
-        epoch = details["time"]
-        author = details["user"]
-        self.branchPrefixes = branchPrefixes
-
-        if self.verbose:
-            print "commit into %s" % branch
-
-        # start with reading files; if that fails, we should not
-        # create a commit.
-        new_files = []
-        for f in files:
-            if [p for p in branchPrefixes if p4PathStartsWith(f['path'], p)]:
-                new_files.append (f)
-            else:
-                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % f['path'])
-
-        self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
-#        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
-        self.committedChanges.add(int(details["change"]))
-        committer = ""
-        if author not in self.users:
-            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
-        if author in self.users:
-            committer = "%s %s %s" % (self.users[author], epoch, self.tz)
-        else:
-            committer = "%s <a@b> %s %s" % (author, epoch, self.tz)
-
-        self.gitStream.write("committer %s\n" % committer)
-
-        self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
-        self.gitStream.write(details["desc"])
-        self.gitStream.write("\n[git-p4: depot-paths = \"%s\": change = %s"
-                             % (','.join (branchPrefixes), details["change"]))
-        if len(details['options']) > 0:
-            self.gitStream.write(": options = %s" % details['options'])
-        self.gitStream.write("]\nEOT\n\n")
-
-        if len(parent) > 0:
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "parent %s" % parent
-            self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % parent)
-
-        self.streamP4Files(new_files)
-        self.gitStream.write("\n")
-
-        change = int(details["change"])
-
-        if self.labels.has_key(change):
-            label = self.labels[change]
-            labelDetails = label[0]
-            labelRevisions = label[1]
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "Change %s is labelled %s" % (change, labelDetails)
-
-            files = p4CmdList("files " + ' '.join (["%s...@%s" % (p, change)
-                                                    for p in branchPrefixes]))
-
-            if len(files) == len(labelRevisions):
-
-                cleanedFiles = {}
-                for info in files:
-                    if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
-                        continue
-                    cleanedFiles[info["depotFile"]] = info["rev"]
-
-                if cleanedFiles == labelRevisions:
-                    self.gitStream.write("tag tag_%s\n" % labelDetails["label"])
-                    self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % branch)
-
-                    owner = labelDetails["Owner"]
-                    tagger = ""
-                    if author in self.users:
-                        tagger = "%s %s %s" % (self.users[owner], epoch, self.tz)
-                    else:
-                        tagger = "%s <a@b> %s %s" % (owner, epoch, self.tz)
-                    self.gitStream.write("tagger %s\n" % tagger)
-                    self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
-                    self.gitStream.write(labelDetails["Description"])
-                    self.gitStream.write("EOT\n\n")
-
-                else:
-                    if not self.silent:
-                        print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: files do not match."
-                               % (labelDetails["label"], change))
-
-            else:
-                if not self.silent:
-                    print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: file count is different."
-                           % (labelDetails["label"], change))
-
-    def getLabels(self):
-        self.labels = {}
-
-        l = p4CmdList("labels %s..." % ' '.join (self.depotPaths))
-        if len(l) > 0 and not self.silent:
-            print "Finding files belonging to labels in %s" % `self.depotPaths`
-
-        for output in l:
-            label = output["label"]
-            revisions = {}
-            newestChange = 0
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "Querying files for label %s" % label
-            for file in p4CmdList("files "
-                                  +  ' '.join (["%s...@%s" % (p, label)
-                                                for p in self.depotPaths])):
-                revisions[file["depotFile"]] = file["rev"]
-                change = int(file["change"])
-                if change > newestChange:
-                    newestChange = change
-
-            self.labels[newestChange] = [output, revisions]
-
-        if self.verbose:
-            print "Label changes: %s" % self.labels.keys()
-
-    def guessProjectName(self):
-        for p in self.depotPaths:
-            if p.endswith("/"):
-                p = p[:-1]
-            p = p[p.strip().rfind("/") + 1:]
-            if not p.endswith("/"):
-               p += "/"
-            return p
-
-    def getBranchMapping(self):
-        lostAndFoundBranches = set()
-
-        user = gitConfig("git-p4.branchUser")
-        if len(user) > 0:
-            command = "branches -u %s" % user
-        else:
-            command = "branches"
-
-        for info in p4CmdList(command):
-            details = p4Cmd("branch -o %s" % info["branch"])
-            viewIdx = 0
-            while details.has_key("View%s" % viewIdx):
-                paths = details["View%s" % viewIdx].split(" ")
-                viewIdx = viewIdx + 1
-                # require standard //depot/foo/... //depot/bar/... mapping
-                if len(paths) != 2 or not paths[0].endswith("/...") or not paths[1].endswith("/..."):
-                    continue
-                source = paths[0]
-                destination = paths[1]
-                ## HACK
-                if p4PathStartsWith(source, self.depotPaths[0]) and p4PathStartsWith(destination, self.depotPaths[0]):
-                    source = source[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
-                    destination = destination[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
-
-                    if destination in self.knownBranches:
-                        if not self.silent:
-                            print "p4 branch %s defines a mapping from %s to %s" % (info["branch"], source, destination)
-                            print "but there exists another mapping from %s to %s already!" % (self.knownBranches[destination], destination)
-                        continue
-
-                    self.knownBranches[destination] = source
-
-                    lostAndFoundBranches.discard(destination)
-
-                    if source not in self.knownBranches:
-                        lostAndFoundBranches.add(source)
-
-        # Perforce does not strictly require branches to be defined, so we also
-        # check git config for a branch list.
-        #
-        # Example of branch definition in git config file:
-        # [git-p4]
-        #   branchList=main:branchA
-        #   branchList=main:branchB
-        #   branchList=branchA:branchC
-        configBranches = gitConfigList("git-p4.branchList")
-        for branch in configBranches:
-            if branch:
-                (source, destination) = branch.split(":")
-                self.knownBranches[destination] = source
-
-                lostAndFoundBranches.discard(destination)
-
-                if source not in self.knownBranches:
-                    lostAndFoundBranches.add(source)
-
-
-        for branch in lostAndFoundBranches:
-            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
-
-    def getBranchMappingFromGitBranches(self):
-        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
-        for branch in branches.keys():
-            if branch == "master":
-                branch = "main"
-            else:
-                branch = branch[len(self.projectName):]
-            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
-
-    def listExistingP4GitBranches(self):
-        # branches holds mapping from name to commit
-        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
-        self.p4BranchesInGit = branches.keys()
-        for branch in branches.keys():
-            self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = branches[branch]
-
-    def updateOptionDict(self, d):
-        option_keys = {}
-        if self.keepRepoPath:
-            option_keys['keepRepoPath'] = 1
-
-        d["options"] = ' '.join(sorted(option_keys.keys()))
-
-    def readOptions(self, d):
-        self.keepRepoPath = (d.has_key('options')
-                             and ('keepRepoPath' in d['options']))
-
-    def gitRefForBranch(self, branch):
-        if branch == "main":
-            return self.refPrefix + "master"
-
-        if len(branch) <= 0:
-            return branch
-
-        return self.refPrefix + self.projectName + branch
-
-    def gitCommitByP4Change(self, ref, change):
-        if self.verbose:
-            print "looking in ref " + ref + " for change %s using bisect..." % change
-
-        earliestCommit = ""
-        latestCommit = parseRevision(ref)
-
-        while True:
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "trying: earliest %s latest %s" % (earliestCommit, latestCommit)
-            next = read_pipe("git rev-list --bisect %s %s" % (latestCommit, earliestCommit)).strip()
-            if len(next) == 0:
-                if self.verbose:
-                    print "argh"
-                return ""
-            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(next)
-            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-            currentChange = int(settings['change'])
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "current change %s" % currentChange
-
-            if currentChange == change:
-                if self.verbose:
-                    print "found %s" % next
-                return next
-
-            if currentChange < change:
-                earliestCommit = "^%s" % next
-            else:
-                latestCommit = "%s" % next
-
-        return ""
-
-    def importNewBranch(self, branch, maxChange):
-        # make fast-import flush all changes to disk and update the refs using the checkpoint
-        # command so that we can try to find the branch parent in the git history
-        self.gitStream.write("checkpoint\n\n");
-        self.gitStream.flush();
-        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
-        range = "@1,%s" % maxChange
-        #print "prefix" + branchPrefix
-        changes = p4ChangesForPaths([branchPrefix], range)
-        if len(changes) <= 0:
-            return False
-        firstChange = changes[0]
-        #print "first change in branch: %s" % firstChange
-        sourceBranch = self.knownBranches[branch]
-        sourceDepotPath = self.depotPaths[0] + sourceBranch
-        sourceRef = self.gitRefForBranch(sourceBranch)
-        #print "source " + sourceBranch
-
-        branchParentChange = int(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 %s...@1,%s" % (sourceDepotPath, firstChange))["change"])
-        #print "branch parent: %s" % branchParentChange
-        gitParent = self.gitCommitByP4Change(sourceRef, branchParentChange)
-        if len(gitParent) > 0:
-            self.initialParents[self.gitRefForBranch(branch)] = gitParent
-            #print "parent git commit: %s" % gitParent
-
-        self.importChanges(changes)
-        return True
-
-    def importChanges(self, changes):
-        cnt = 1
-        for change in changes:
-            description = p4Cmd("describe %s" % change)
-            self.updateOptionDict(description)
-
-            if not self.silent:
-                sys.stdout.write("\rImporting revision %s (%s%%)" % (change, cnt * 100 / len(changes)))
-                sys.stdout.flush()
-            cnt = cnt + 1
-
-            try:
-                if self.detectBranches:
-                    branches = self.splitFilesIntoBranches(description)
-                    for branch in branches.keys():
-                        ## HACK  --hwn
-                        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
-
-                        parent = ""
-
-                        filesForCommit = branches[branch]
-
-                        if self.verbose:
-                            print "branch is %s" % branch
-
-                        self.updatedBranches.add(branch)
-
-                        if branch not in self.createdBranches:
-                            self.createdBranches.add(branch)
-                            parent = self.knownBranches[branch]
-                            if parent == branch:
-                                parent = ""
-                            else:
-                                fullBranch = self.projectName + branch
-                                if fullBranch not in self.p4BranchesInGit:
-                                    if not self.silent:
-                                        print("\n    Importing new branch %s" % fullBranch);
-                                    if self.importNewBranch(branch, change - 1):
-                                        parent = ""
-                                        self.p4BranchesInGit.append(fullBranch)
-                                    if not self.silent:
-                                        print("\n    Resuming with change %s" % change);
-
-                                if self.verbose:
-                                    print "parent determined through known branches: %s" % parent
-
-                        branch = self.gitRefForBranch(branch)
-                        parent = self.gitRefForBranch(parent)
-
-                        if self.verbose:
-                            print "looking for initial parent for %s; current parent is %s" % (branch, parent)
-
-                        if len(parent) == 0 and branch in self.initialParents:
-                            parent = self.initialParents[branch]
-                            del self.initialParents[branch]
-
-                        self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, [branchPrefix], parent)
-                else:
-                    files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description)
-                    self.commit(description, files, self.branch, self.depotPaths,
-                                self.initialParent)
-                    self.initialParent = ""
-            except IOError:
-                print self.gitError.read()
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-    def importHeadRevision(self, revision):
-        print "Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch)
-
-        details = {}
-        details["user"] = "git perforce import user"
-        details["desc"] = ("Initial import of %s from the state at revision %s\n"
-                           % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision))
-        details["change"] = revision
-        newestRevision = 0
-
-        fileCnt = 0
-        for info in p4CmdList("files "
-                              +  ' '.join(["%s...%s"
-                                           % (p, revision)
-                                           for p in self.depotPaths])):
-
-            if 'code' in info and info['code'] == 'error':
-                sys.stderr.write("p4 returned an error: %s\n"
-                                 % info['data'])
-                if info['data'].find("must refer to client") >= 0:
-                    sys.stderr.write("This particular p4 error is misleading.\n")
-                    sys.stderr.write("Perhaps the depot path was misspelled.\n");
-                    sys.stderr.write("Depot path:  %s\n" % " ".join(self.depotPaths))
-                sys.exit(1)
-            if 'p4ExitCode' in info:
-                sys.stderr.write("p4 exitcode: %s\n" % info['p4ExitCode'])
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-
-            change = int(info["change"])
-            if change > newestRevision:
-                newestRevision = change
-
-            if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
-                # don't increase the file cnt, otherwise details["depotFile123"] will have gaps!
-                #fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
-                continue
-
-            for prop in ["depotFile", "rev", "action", "type" ]:
-                details["%s%s" % (prop, fileCnt)] = info[prop]
-
-            fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
-
-        details["change"] = newestRevision
-
-        # Use time from top-most change so that all git-p4 clones of
-        # the same p4 repo have the same commit SHA1s.
-        res = p4CmdList("describe -s %d" % newestRevision)
-        newestTime = None
-        for r in res:
-            if r.has_key('time'):
-                newestTime = int(r['time'])
-        if newestTime is None:
-            die("\"describe -s\" on newest change %d did not give a time")
-        details["time"] = newestTime
-
-        self.updateOptionDict(details)
-        try:
-            self.commit(details, self.extractFilesFromCommit(details), self.branch, self.depotPaths)
-        except IOError:
-            print "IO error with git fast-import. Is your git version recent enough?"
-            print self.gitError.read()
-
-
-    def getClientSpec(self):
-        specList = p4CmdList( "client -o" )
-        temp = {}
-        for entry in specList:
-            for k,v in entry.iteritems():
-                if k.startswith("View"):
-
-                    # p4 has these %%1 to %%9 arguments in specs to
-                    # reorder paths; which we can't handle (yet :)
-                    if re.match('%%\d', v) != None:
-                        print "Sorry, can't handle %%n arguments in client specs"
-                        sys.exit(1)
-
-                    if v.startswith('"'):
-                        start = 1
-                    else:
-                        start = 0
-                    index = v.find("...")
-
-                    # save the "client view"; i.e the RHS of the view
-                    # line that tells the client where to put the
-                    # files for this view.
-                    cv = v[index+3:].strip() # +3 to remove previous '...'
-
-                    # if the client view doesn't end with a
-                    # ... wildcard, then we're going to mess up the
-                    # output directory, so fail gracefully.
-                    if not cv.endswith('...'):
-                        print 'Sorry, client view in "%s" needs to end with wildcard' % (k)
-                        sys.exit(1)
-                    cv=cv[:-3]
-
-                    # now save the view; +index means included, -index
-                    # means it should be filtered out.
-                    v = v[start:index]
-                    if v.startswith("-"):
-                        v = v[1:]
-                        include = -len(v)
-                    else:
-                        include = len(v)
-
-                    temp[v] = (include, cv)
-
-        self.clientSpecDirs = temp.items()
-        self.clientSpecDirs.sort( lambda x, y: abs( y[1][0] ) - abs( x[1][0] ) )
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        self.depotPaths = []
-        self.changeRange = ""
-        self.initialParent = ""
-        self.previousDepotPaths = []
-
-        # map from branch depot path to parent branch
-        self.knownBranches = {}
-        self.initialParents = {}
-        self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
-        if not self.syncWithOrigin:
-            self.hasOrigin = False
-
-        if self.importIntoRemotes:
-            self.refPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/"
-        else:
-            self.refPrefix = "refs/heads/p4/"
-
-        if self.syncWithOrigin and self.hasOrigin:
-            if not self.silent:
-                print "Syncing with origin first by calling git fetch origin"
-            system("git fetch origin")
-
-        if len(self.branch) == 0:
-            self.branch = self.refPrefix + "master"
-            if gitBranchExists("refs/heads/p4") and self.importIntoRemotes:
-                system("git update-ref %s refs/heads/p4" % self.branch)
-                system("git branch -D p4");
-            # create it /after/ importing, when master exists
-            if not gitBranchExists(self.refPrefix + "HEAD") and self.importIntoRemotes and gitBranchExists(self.branch):
-                system("git symbolic-ref %sHEAD %s" % (self.refPrefix, self.branch))
-
-        if self.useClientSpec or gitConfig("git-p4.useclientspec") == "true":
-            self.getClientSpec()
-
-        # TODO: should always look at previous commits,
-        # merge with previous imports, if possible.
-        if args == []:
-            if self.hasOrigin:
-                createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(self.refPrefix, self.silent)
-            self.listExistingP4GitBranches()
-
-            if len(self.p4BranchesInGit) > 1:
-                if not self.silent:
-                    print "Importing from/into multiple branches"
-                self.detectBranches = True
-
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
-
-            p4Change = 0
-            for branch in self.p4BranchesInGit:
-                logMsg =  extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(self.refPrefix + branch)
-
-                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(logMsg)
-
-                self.readOptions(settings)
-                if (settings.has_key('depot-paths')
-                    and settings.has_key ('change')):
-                    change = int(settings['change']) + 1
-                    p4Change = max(p4Change, change)
-
-                    depotPaths = sorted(settings['depot-paths'])
-                    if self.previousDepotPaths == []:
-                        self.previousDepotPaths = depotPaths
-                    else:
-                        paths = []
-                        for (prev, cur) in zip(self.previousDepotPaths, depotPaths):
-                            prev_list = prev.split("/")
-                            cur_list = cur.split("/")
-                            for i in range(0, min(len(cur_list), len(prev_list))):
-                                if cur_list[i] <> prev_list[i]:
-                                    i = i - 1
-                                    break
-
-                            paths.append ("/".join(cur_list[:i + 1]))
-
-                        self.previousDepotPaths = paths
-
-            if p4Change > 0:
-                self.depotPaths = sorted(self.previousDepotPaths)
-                self.changeRange = "@%s,#head" % p4Change
-                if not self.detectBranches:
-                    self.initialParent = parseRevision(self.branch)
-                if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
-                    print "Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch
-
-        if not self.branch.startswith("refs/"):
-            self.branch = "refs/heads/" + self.branch
-
-        if len(args) == 0 and self.depotPaths:
-            if not self.silent:
-                print "Depot paths: %s" % ' '.join(self.depotPaths)
-        else:
-            if self.depotPaths and self.depotPaths != args:
-                print ("previous import used depot path %s and now %s was specified. "
-                       "This doesn't work!" % (' '.join (self.depotPaths),
-                                               ' '.join (args)))
-                sys.exit(1)
-
-            self.depotPaths = sorted(args)
-
-        revision = ""
-        self.users = {}
-
-        newPaths = []
-        for p in self.depotPaths:
-            if p.find("@") != -1:
-                atIdx = p.index("@")
-                self.changeRange = p[atIdx:]
-                if self.changeRange == "@all":
-                    self.changeRange = ""
-                elif ',' not in self.changeRange:
-                    revision = self.changeRange
-                    self.changeRange = ""
-                p = p[:atIdx]
-            elif p.find("#") != -1:
-                hashIdx = p.index("#")
-                revision = p[hashIdx:]
-                p = p[:hashIdx]
-            elif self.previousDepotPaths == []:
-                revision = "#head"
-
-            p = re.sub ("\.\.\.$", "", p)
-            if not p.endswith("/"):
-                p += "/"
-
-            newPaths.append(p)
-
-        self.depotPaths = newPaths
-
-
-        self.loadUserMapFromCache()
-        self.labels = {}
-        if self.detectLabels:
-            self.getLabels();
-
-        if self.detectBranches:
-            ## FIXME - what's a P4 projectName ?
-            self.projectName = self.guessProjectName()
-
-            if self.hasOrigin:
-                self.getBranchMappingFromGitBranches()
-            else:
-                self.getBranchMapping()
-            if self.verbose:
-                print "p4-git branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
-                print "initial parents: %s" % self.initialParents
-            for b in self.p4BranchesInGit:
-                if b != "master":
-
-                    ## FIXME
-                    b = b[len(self.projectName):]
-                self.createdBranches.add(b)
-
-        self.tz = "%+03d%02d" % (- time.timezone / 3600, ((- time.timezone % 3600) / 60))
-
-        importProcess = subprocess.Popen(["git", "fast-import"],
-                                         stdin=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
-                                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE);
-        self.gitOutput = importProcess.stdout
-        self.gitStream = importProcess.stdin
-        self.gitError = importProcess.stderr
-
-        if revision:
-            self.importHeadRevision(revision)
-        else:
-            changes = []
-
-            if len(self.changesFile) > 0:
-                output = open(self.changesFile).readlines()
-                changeSet = set()
-                for line in output:
-                    changeSet.add(int(line))
-
-                for change in changeSet:
-                    changes.append(change)
-
-                changes.sort()
-            else:
-                # catch "git-p4 sync" with no new branches, in a repo that
-                # does not have any existing git-p4 branches
-                if len(args) == 0 and not self.p4BranchesInGit:
-                    die("No remote p4 branches.  Perhaps you never did \"git p4 clone\" in here.");
-                if self.verbose:
-                    print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
-                                                              self.changeRange)
-                changes = p4ChangesForPaths(self.depotPaths, self.changeRange)
-
-                if len(self.maxChanges) > 0:
-                    changes = changes[:min(int(self.maxChanges), len(changes))]
-
-            if len(changes) == 0:
-                if not self.silent:
-                    print "No changes to import!"
-                return True
-
-            if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
-                print "Import destination: %s" % self.branch
-
-            self.updatedBranches = set()
-
-            self.importChanges(changes)
-
-            if not self.silent:
-                print ""
-                if len(self.updatedBranches) > 0:
-                    sys.stdout.write("Updated branches: ")
-                    for b in self.updatedBranches:
-                        sys.stdout.write("%s " % b)
-                    sys.stdout.write("\n")
-
-        self.gitStream.close()
-        if importProcess.wait() != 0:
-            die("fast-import failed: %s" % self.gitError.read())
-        self.gitOutput.close()
-        self.gitError.close()
-
-        return True
-
-class P4Rebase(Command):
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [ ]
-        self.description = ("Fetches the latest revision from perforce and "
-                            + "rebases the current work (branch) against it")
-        self.verbose = False
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        sync = P4Sync()
-        sync.run([])
-
-        return self.rebase()
-
-    def rebase(self):
-        if os.system("git update-index --refresh") != 0:
-            die("Some files in your working directory are modified and different than what is in your index. You can use git update-index <filename> to bring the index up-to-date or stash away all your changes with git stash.");
-        if len(read_pipe("git diff-index HEAD --")) > 0:
-            die("You have uncommited changes. Please commit them before rebasing or stash them away with git stash.");
-
-        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
-        if len(upstream) == 0:
-            die("Cannot find upstream branchpoint for rebase")
-
-        # the branchpoint may be p4/foo~3, so strip off the parent
-        upstream = re.sub("~[0-9]+$", "", upstream)
-
-        print "Rebasing the current branch onto %s" % upstream
-        oldHead = read_pipe("git rev-parse HEAD").strip()
-        system("git rebase %s" % upstream)
-        system("git diff-tree --stat --summary -M %s HEAD" % oldHead)
-        return True
-
-class P4Clone(P4Sync):
-    def __init__(self):
-        P4Sync.__init__(self)
-        self.description = "Creates a new git repository and imports from Perforce into it"
-        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options] //depot/path[@revRange]"
-        self.options += [
-            optparse.make_option("--destination", dest="cloneDestination",
-                                 action='store', default=None,
-                                 help="where to leave result of the clone"),
-            optparse.make_option("-/", dest="cloneExclude",
-                                 action="append", type="string",
-                                 help="exclude depot path"),
-            optparse.make_option("--bare", dest="cloneBare",
-                                 action="store_true", default=False),
-        ]
-        self.cloneDestination = None
-        self.needsGit = False
-        self.cloneBare = False
-
-    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
-    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
-        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
-            setattr(self, attr, value)
-        return getattr(self, attr)
-
-    def defaultDestination(self, args):
-        ## TODO: use common prefix of args?
-        depotPath = args[0]
-        depotDir = re.sub("(@[^@]*)$", "", depotPath)
-        depotDir = re.sub("(#[^#]*)$", "", depotDir)
-        depotDir = re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", depotDir)
-        depotDir = re.sub(r"/$", "", depotDir)
-        return os.path.split(depotDir)[1]
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        if len(args) < 1:
-            return False
-
-        if self.keepRepoPath and not self.cloneDestination:
-            sys.stderr.write("Must specify destination for --keep-path\n")
-            sys.exit(1)
-
-        depotPaths = args
-
-        if not self.cloneDestination and len(depotPaths) > 1:
-            self.cloneDestination = depotPaths[-1]
-            depotPaths = depotPaths[:-1]
-
-        self.cloneExclude = ["/"+p for p in self.cloneExclude]
-        for p in depotPaths:
-            if not p.startswith("//"):
-                return False
-
-        if not self.cloneDestination:
-            self.cloneDestination = self.defaultDestination(args)
-
-        print "Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination)
-
-        if not os.path.exists(self.cloneDestination):
-            os.makedirs(self.cloneDestination)
-        chdir(self.cloneDestination)
-
-        init_cmd = [ "git", "init" ]
-        if self.cloneBare:
-            init_cmd.append("--bare")
-        subprocess.check_call(init_cmd)
-
-        if not P4Sync.run(self, depotPaths):
-            return False
-        if self.branch != "master":
-            if self.importIntoRemotes:
-                masterbranch = "refs/remotes/p4/master"
-            else:
-                masterbranch = "refs/heads/p4/master"
-            if gitBranchExists(masterbranch):
-                system("git branch master %s" % masterbranch)
-                if not self.cloneBare:
-                    system("git checkout -f")
-            else:
-                print "Could not detect main branch. No checkout/master branch created."
-
-        return True
-
-class P4Branches(Command):
-    def __init__(self):
-        Command.__init__(self)
-        self.options = [ ]
-        self.description = ("Shows the git branches that hold imports and their "
-                            + "corresponding perforce depot paths")
-        self.verbose = False
-
-    def run(self, args):
-        if originP4BranchesExist():
-            createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin()
-
-        cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
-        cmdline += " --remotes"
-
-        for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
-            line = line.strip()
-
-            if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
-                continue
-            branch = line
-
-            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("refs/remotes/%s" % branch)
-            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
-
-            print "%s <= %s (%s)" % (branch, ",".join(settings["depot-paths"]), settings["change"])
-        return True
-
-class HelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
-    def __init__(self):
-        optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter.__init__(self)
-
-    def format_description(self, description):
-        if description:
-            return description + "\n"
-        else:
-            return ""
-
-def printUsage(commands):
-    print "usage: %s <command> [options]" % sys.argv[0]
-    print ""
-    print "valid commands: %s" % ", ".join(commands)
-    print ""
-    print "Try %s <command> --help for command specific help." % sys.argv[0]
-    print ""
-
-commands = {
-    "debug" : P4Debug,
-    "submit" : P4Submit,
-    "commit" : P4Submit,
-    "sync" : P4Sync,
-    "rebase" : P4Rebase,
-    "clone" : P4Clone,
-    "rollback" : P4RollBack,
-    "branches" : P4Branches
-}
-
-
-def main():
-    if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
-        printUsage(commands.keys())
-        sys.exit(2)
-
-    cmd = ""
-    cmdName = sys.argv[1]
-    try:
-        klass = commands[cmdName]
-        cmd = klass()
-    except KeyError:
-        print "unknown command %s" % cmdName
-        print ""
-        printUsage(commands.keys())
-        sys.exit(2)
-
-    options = cmd.options
-    cmd.gitdir = os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", None)
-
-    args = sys.argv[2:]
-
-    if len(options) > 0:
-        options.append(optparse.make_option("--git-dir", dest="gitdir"))
-
-        parser = optparse.OptionParser(cmd.usage.replace("%prog", "%prog " + cmdName),
-                                       options,
-                                       description = cmd.description,
-                                       formatter = HelpFormatter())
-
-        (cmd, args) = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[2:], cmd);
-    global verbose
-    verbose = cmd.verbose
-    if cmd.needsGit:
-        if cmd.gitdir == None:
-            cmd.gitdir = os.path.abspath(".git")
-            if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
-                cmd.gitdir = read_pipe("git rev-parse --git-dir").strip()
-                if os.path.exists(cmd.gitdir):
-                    cdup = read_pipe("git rev-parse --show-cdup").strip()
-                    if len(cdup) > 0:
-                        chdir(cdup);
-
-        if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
-            if isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir + "/.git"):
-                cmd.gitdir += "/.git"
-            else:
-                die("fatal: cannot locate git repository at %s" % cmd.gitdir)
-
-        os.environ["GIT_DIR"] = cmd.gitdir
-
-    if not cmd.run(args):
-        parser.print_help()
-
-
-if __name__ == '__main__':
-    main()
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.README b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..cec5ecf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.README
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+The git-p4 script moved to the top-level of the git source directory.
+
+Invoke it as any other git command, like "git p4 clone", for instance.
+
+Note that the top-level git-p4.py script is now the source.  It is
+built using make to git-p4, which will be installed.
+
+Windows users can copy the git-p4.py source script directly, possibly
+invoking it through a batch file called "git-p4.bat" in the same folder.
+It should contain just one line:
+
+    @python "%~d0%~p0git-p4.py" %*
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat
deleted file mode 100644
index 9f97e88..0000000
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.bat
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-@python "%~d0%~p0git-p4" %*
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt b/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 52003ae..0000000
--- a/contrib/fast-import/git-p4.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,289 +0,0 @@
-git-p4 - Perforce <-> Git converter using git-fast-import
-
-Usage
-=====
-
-git-p4 can be used in two different ways:
-
-1) To import changes from Perforce to a Git repository, using "git-p4 sync".
-
-2) To submit changes from Git back to Perforce, using "git-p4 submit".
-
-Importing
-=========
-
-Simply start with
-
-  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
-
-or
-
-  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project myproject
-
-This will:
-
-1) Create an empty git repository in a subdirectory called "project" (or
-"myproject" with the second command)
-
-2) Import the head revision from the given Perforce path into a git branch
-called "p4" (remotes/p4 actually)
-
-3) Create a master branch based on it and check it out.
-
-If you want the entire history (not just the head revision) then you can simply
-append a "@all" to the depot path:
-
-  git-p4 clone //depot/project/main@all myproject
-
-
-
-If you want more control you can also use the git-p4 sync command directly:
-
-  mkdir repo-git
-  cd repo-git
-  git init
-  git-p4 sync //path/in/your/perforce/depot
-
-This will import the current head revision of the specified depot path into a
-"remotes/p4/master" branch of your git repository. You can use the
---branch=mybranch option to import into a different branch.
-
-If you want to import the entire history of a given depot path simply use:
-
-  git-p4 sync //path/in/depot@all
-
-
-Note:
-
-To achieve optimal compression you may want to run 'git repack -a -d -f' after
-a big import. This may take a while.
-
-Incremental Imports
-===================
-
-After an initial import you can continue to synchronize your git repository
-with newer changes from the Perforce depot by just calling
-
-  git-p4 sync
-
-in your git repository. By default the "remotes/p4/master" branch is updated.
-
-Advanced Setup
-==============
-
-Suppose you have a periodically updated git repository somewhere, containing a
-complete import of a Perforce project. This repository can be cloned and used
-with git-p4. When updating the cloned repository with the "sync" command,
-git-p4 will try to fetch changes from the original repository first. The git
-protocol used with this is usually faster than importing from Perforce
-directly.
-
-This behaviour can be disabled by setting the "git-p4.syncFromOrigin" git
-configuration variable to "false".
-
-Updating
-========
-
-A common working pattern is to fetch the latest changes from the Perforce depot
-and merge them with local uncommitted changes. The recommended way is to use
-git's rebase mechanism to preserve linear history. git-p4 provides a convenient
-
-  git-p4 rebase
-
-command that calls git-p4 sync followed by git rebase to rebase the current
-working branch.
-
-Submitting
-==========
-
-git-p4 has support for submitting changes from a git repository back to the
-Perforce depot. This requires a Perforce checkout separate from your git
-repository. To submit all changes that are in the current git branch but not in
-the "p4" branch (or "origin" if "p4" doesn't exist) simply call
-
-    git-p4 submit
-
-in your git repository. If you want to submit changes in a specific branch that
-is not your current git branch you can also pass that as an argument:
-
-    git-p4 submit mytopicbranch
-
-You can override the reference branch with the --origin=mysourcebranch option.
-
-The Perforce changelists will be created with the user who ran git-p4. If you
-use --preserve-user then git-p4 will attempt to create Perforce changelists
-with the Perforce user corresponding to the git commit author. You need to
-have sufficient permissions within Perforce, and the git users need to have
-Perforce accounts. Permissions can be granted using 'p4 protect'.
-
-If a submit fails you may have to "p4 resolve" and submit manually. You can
-continue importing the remaining changes with
-
-  git-p4 submit --continue
-
-Example
-=======
-
-# Clone a repository
-  git-p4 clone //depot/path/project
-# Enter the newly cloned directory
-  cd project
-# Do some work...
-  vi foo.h
-# ... and commit locally to gi
-  git commit foo.h
-# In the meantime somebody submitted changes to the Perforce depot. Rebase your latest
-# changes against the latest changes in Perforce:
-  git-p4 rebase
-# Submit your locally committed changes back to Perforce
-  git-p4 submit
-# ... and synchronize with Perforce
-  git-p4 rebase
-
-
-Configuration parameters
-========================
-
-git-p4.user ($P4USER)
-
-Allows you to specify the username to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.user public
-
-git-p4.password ($P4PASS)
-
-Allows you to specify the password to use to connect to the Perforce repository.
-Warning this password will be visible on the command-line invocation of the p4 binary.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.password public1234
-
-git-p4.port ($P4PORT)
-
-Specify the port to be used to contact the Perforce server. As this will be passed
-directly to the p4 binary, it may be in the format host:port as well.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.port codes.zimbra.com:2666
-
-git-p4.host ($P4HOST)
-
-Specify the host to contact for a Perforce repository.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.host perforce.example.com
-
-git-p4.client ($P4CLIENT)
-
-Specify the client name to use
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.client public-view
-
-git-p4.allowSubmit
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.allowSubmit false
-
-git-p4.syncFromOrigin
-
-A useful setup may be that you have a periodically updated git repository
-somewhere that contains a complete import of a Perforce project. That git
-repository can be used to clone the working repository from and one would
-import from Perforce directly after cloning using git-p4. If the connection to
-the Perforce server is slow and the working repository hasn't been synced for a
-while it may be desirable to fetch changes from the origin git repository using
-the efficient git protocol. git-p4 supports this setup by calling "git fetch origin"
-by default if there is an origin branch. You can disable this using:
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.syncFromOrigin false
-
-git-p4.useclientspec
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.useclientspec false
-
-The P4CLIENT environment variable should be correctly set for p4 to be
-able to find the relevant client.  This client spec will be used to
-both filter the files cloned by git and set the directory layout as
-specified in the client (this implies --keep-path style semantics).
-
-git-p4.skipSubmitModTimeCheck
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.skipSubmitModTimeCheck false
-
-If true, submit will not check if the p4 change template has been modified.
-
-git-p4.preserveUser
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.preserveUser false
-
-If true, attempt to preserve user names by modifying the p4 changelists. See
-the "--preserve-user" submit option.
-
-git-p4.allowMissingPerforceUsers
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.allowMissingP4Users false
-
-If git-p4 is setting the perforce user for a commit (--preserve-user) then
-if there is no perforce user corresponding to the git author, git-p4 will
-stop. With allowMissingPerforceUsers set to true, git-p4 will use the
-current user (i.e. the behavior without --preserve-user) and carry on with
-the perforce commit.
-
-git-p4.skipUserNameCheck
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.skipUserNameCheck false
-
-When submitting, git-p4 checks that the git commits are authored by the current
-p4 user, and warns if they are not. This disables the check.
-
-git-p4.detectRenames
-
-Detect renames when submitting changes to Perforce server. Will enable -M git
-argument. Can be optionally set to a number representing the threshold
-percentage value of the rename detection.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.detectRenames true
-  git config [--global] git-p4.detectRenames 50
-
-git-p4.detectCopies
-
-Detect copies when submitting changes to Perforce server. Will enable -C git
-argument. Can be optionally set to a number representing the threshold
-percentage value of the copy detection.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies true
-  git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies 80
-
-git-p4.detectCopiesHarder
-
-Detect copies even between files that did not change when submitting changes to
-Perforce server. Will enable --find-copies-harder git argument.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.detectCopies true
-
-git-p4.branchUser
-
-Only use branch specifications defined by the selected username.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.branchUser username
-
-git-p4.branchList
-
-List of branches to be imported when branch detection is enabled.
-
-  git config [--global] git-p4.branchList main:branchA
-  git config [--global] --add git-p4.branchList main:branchB
-
-Implementation Details...
-=========================
-
-* Changesets from Perforce are imported using git fast-import.
-* The import does not require anything from the Perforce client view as it just uses
-  "p4 print //depot/path/file#revision" to get the actual file contents.
-* Every imported changeset has a special [git-p4...] line at the
-  end of the log message that gives information about the corresponding
-  Perforce change number and is also used by git-p4 itself to find out
-  where to continue importing when doing incremental imports.
-  Basically when syncing it extracts the perforce change number of the
-  latest commit in the "p4" branch and uses "p4 changes //depot/path/...@changenum,#head"
-  to find out which changes need to be imported.
-* git-p4 submit uses "git rev-list" to pick the commits between the "p4" branch
-  and the current branch.
-  The commits themselves are applied using git diff/format-patch ... | git apply
-
diff --git a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
index 82f5ed3..5cec9b0 100755
--- a/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
+++ b/contrib/fast-import/import-zips.py
@@ -9,10 +9,15 @@
 ##  git log --stat import-zips
 
 from os import popen, path
-from sys import argv, exit
+from sys import argv, exit, hexversion, stderr
 from time import mktime
 from zipfile import ZipFile
 
+if hexversion < 0x01060000:
+        # The limiter is the zipfile module
+        sys.stderr.write("import-zips.py: requires Python 1.6.0 or later.\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
 if len(argv) < 2:
 	print 'Usage:', argv[0], '<zipfile>...'
 	exit(1)
diff --git a/contrib/git-jump/README b/contrib/git-jump/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1cebc32
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/git-jump/README
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+git-jump
+========
+
+Git-jump is a script for helping you jump to "interesting" parts of your
+project in your editor. It works by outputting a set of interesting
+spots in the "quickfix" format, which editors like vim can use as a
+queue of places to visit (this feature is usually used to jump to errors
+produced by a compiler). For example, given a diff like this:
+
+------------------------------------
+diff --git a/foo.c b/foo.c
+index a655540..5a59044 100644
+--- a/foo.c
++++ b/foo.c
+@@ -1,3 +1,3 @@
+ int main(void) {
+-  printf("hello word!\n");
++  printf("hello world!\n");
+ }
+-----------------------------------
+
+git-jump will feed this to the editor:
+
+-----------------------------------
+foo.c:2: printf("hello word!\n");
+-----------------------------------
+
+Obviously this trivial case isn't that interesting; you could just open
+`foo.c` yourself. But when you have many changes scattered across a
+project, you can use the editor's support to "jump" from point to point.
+
+Git-jump can generate three types of interesting lists:
+
+  1. The beginning of any diff hunks.
+
+  2. The beginning of any merge conflict markers.
+
+  3. Any grep matches.
+
+
+Using git-jump
+--------------
+
+To use it, just drop git-jump in your PATH, and then invoke it like
+this:
+
+--------------------------------------------------
+# jump to changes not yet staged for commit
+git jump diff
+
+# jump to changes that are staged for commit; you can give
+# arbitrary diff options
+git jump diff --cached
+
+# jump to merge conflicts
+git jump merge
+
+# jump to all instances of foo_bar
+git jump grep foo_bar
+
+# same as above, but case-insensitive; you can give
+# arbitrary grep options
+git jump grep -i foo_bar
+--------------------------------------------------
+
+
+Related Programs
+----------------
+
+You can accomplish some of the same things with individual tools. For
+example, you can use `git mergetool` to start vimdiff on each unmerged
+file. `git jump merge` is for the vim-wielding luddite who just wants to
+jump straight to the conflict text with no fanfare.
+
+As of git v1.7.2, `git grep` knows the `--open-files-in-pager` option,
+which does something similar to `git jump grep`. However, it is limited
+to positioning the cursor to the correct line in only the first file,
+leaving you to locate subsequent hits in that file or other files using
+the editor or pager. By contrast, git-jump provides the editor with a
+complete list of files and line numbers for each match.
+
+
+Limitations
+-----------
+
+This scripts was written and tested with vim. Given that the quickfix
+format is the same as what gcc produces, I expect emacs users have a
+similar feature for iterating through the list, but I know nothing about
+how to activate it.
+
+The shell snippets to generate the quickfix lines will almost certainly
+choke on filenames with exotic characters (like newlines).
diff --git a/contrib/git-jump/git-jump b/contrib/git-jump/git-jump
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dc90cd6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/git-jump/git-jump
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+usage() {
+	cat <<\EOF
+usage: git jump <mode> [<args>]
+
+Jump to interesting elements in an editor.
+The <mode> parameter is one of:
+
+diff: elements are diff hunks. Arguments are given to diff.
+
+merge: elements are merge conflicts. Arguments are ignored.
+
+grep: elements are grep hits. Arguments are given to grep.
+EOF
+}
+
+open_editor() {
+	editor=`git var GIT_EDITOR`
+	eval "$editor -q \$1"
+}
+
+mode_diff() {
+	git diff --no-prefix --relative "$@" |
+	perl -ne '
+	if (m{^\+\+\+ (.*)}) { $file = $1; next }
+	defined($file) or next;
+	if (m/^@@ .*\+(\d+)/) { $line = $1; next }
+	defined($line) or next;
+	if (/^ /) { $line++; next }
+	if (/^[-+]\s*(.*)/) {
+		print "$file:$line: $1\n";
+		$line = undef;
+	}
+	'
+}
+
+mode_merge() {
+	git ls-files -u |
+	perl -pe 's/^.*?\t//' |
+	sort -u |
+	while IFS= read fn; do
+		grep -Hn '^<<<<<<<' "$fn"
+	done
+}
+
+# Grep -n generates nice quickfix-looking lines by itself,
+# but let's clean up extra whitespace, so they look better if the
+# editor shows them to us in the status bar.
+mode_grep() {
+	git grep -n "$@" |
+	perl -pe '
+	s/[ \t]+/ /g;
+	s/^ *//;
+	'
+}
+
+if test $# -lt 1; then
+	usage >&2
+	exit 1
+fi
+mode=$1; shift
+
+trap 'rm -f "$tmp"' 0 1 2 3 15
+tmp=`mktemp -t git-jump.XXXXXX` || exit 1
+type "mode_$mode" >/dev/null 2>&1 || { usage >&2; exit 1; }
+"mode_$mode" "$@" >"$tmp"
+test -s "$tmp" || exit 0
+open_editor "$tmp"
diff --git a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
index 046cb2b..232625a 100755
--- a/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
+++ b/contrib/hg-to-git/hg-to-git.py
@@ -23,6 +23,11 @@
 import tempfile, pickle, getopt
 import re
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02030000:
+   # The behavior of the pickle module changed significantly in 2.3
+   sys.stderr.write("hg-to-git.py: requires Python 2.3 or later.\n")
+   sys.exit(1)
+
 # Maps hg version -> git version
 hgvers = {}
 # List of children for each hg revision
diff --git a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
index ba077c1..0e5b72d 100755
--- a/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
+++ b/contrib/hooks/post-receive-email
@@ -85,7 +85,6 @@
 	oldrev=$(git rev-parse $1)
 	newrev=$(git rev-parse $2)
 	refname="$3"
-	maxlines=$4
 
 	# --- Interpret
 	# 0000->1234 (create)
@@ -238,6 +237,7 @@
 	X-Git-Reftype: $refname_type
 	X-Git-Oldrev: $oldrev
 	X-Git-Newrev: $newrev
+	Auto-Submitted: auto-generated
 
 	This is an automated email from the git hooks/post-receive script. It was
 	generated because a ref change was pushed to the repository containing
@@ -404,7 +404,7 @@
 			echo "            \\"
 			echo "             O -- O -- O ($oldrev)"
 			echo ""
-			echo "The removed revisions are not necessarilly gone - if another reference"
+			echo "The removed revisions are not necessarily gone - if another reference"
 			echo "still refers to them they will stay in the repository."
 			rewind_only=1
 		else
@@ -461,7 +461,7 @@
 {
 	echo "       was  $oldrev"
 	echo ""
-	echo $LOGEND
+	echo $LOGBEGIN
 	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
 	echo $LOGEND
 }
@@ -561,7 +561,7 @@
 {
 	echo "       was  $oldrev"
 	echo ""
-	echo $LOGEND
+	echo $LOGBEGIN
 	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
 	echo $LOGEND
 }
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@
 {
 	echo "       was  $oldrev"
 	echo ""
-	echo $LOGEND
+	echo $LOGBEGIN
 	git show -s --pretty=oneline $oldrev
 	echo $LOGEND
 }
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ed728b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+## Build git-remote-mediawiki
+
+-include ../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../config.mak
+
+ifndef PERL_PATH
+	PERL_PATH = /usr/bin/perl
+endif
+ifndef gitexecdir
+	gitexecdir = $(shell git --exec-path)
+endif
+
+PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
+gitexecdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(gitexecdir))
+SCRIPT = git-remote-mediawiki
+
+.PHONY: install help doc test clean
+
+help:
+	@echo 'This is the help target of the Makefile. Current configuration:'
+	@echo '  gitexecdir = $(gitexecdir_SQ)'
+	@echo '  PERL_PATH = $(PERL_PATH_SQ)'
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) install" to install $(SCRIPT) in gitexecdir'
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) test" to run the testsuite'
+
+install:
+	sed -e '1s|#!.*/perl|#!$(PERL_PATH_SQ)|' $(SCRIPT) \
+		> '$(gitexecdir_SQ)/$(SCRIPT)'
+	chmod +x '$(gitexecdir)/$(SCRIPT)'
+
+doc:
+	@echo 'Sorry, "make doc" is not implemented yet for $(SCRIPT)'
+
+test:
+	$(MAKE) -C t/ test
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) '$(gitexecdir)/$(SCRIPT)'
+	$(MAKE) -C t/ clean
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki
index 0b32d18..094129d 100755
--- a/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki
@@ -9,40 +9,19 @@
 # License: GPL v2 or later
 
 # Gateway between Git and MediaWiki.
-#   https://github.com/Bibzball/Git-Mediawiki/wiki
-#
-# Known limitations:
-#
-# - Only wiki pages are managed, no support for [[File:...]]
-#   attachments.
-#
-# - Poor performance in the best case: it takes forever to check
-#   whether we're up-to-date (on fetch or push) or to fetch a few
-#   revisions from a large wiki, because we use exclusively a
-#   page-based synchronization. We could switch to a wiki-wide
-#   synchronization when the synchronization involves few revisions
-#   but the wiki is large.
-#
-# - Git renames could be turned into MediaWiki renames (see TODO
-#   below)
-#
-# - login/password support requires the user to write the password
-#   cleartext in a file (see TODO below).
-#
-# - No way to import "one page, and all pages included in it"
-#
-# - Multiple remote MediaWikis have not been very well tested.
+# Documentation & bugtracker: https://github.com/moy/Git-Mediawiki/
 
 use strict;
 use MediaWiki::API;
 use DateTime::Format::ISO8601;
-use encoding 'utf8';
 
-# use encoding 'utf8' doesn't change STDERROR
-# but we're going to output UTF-8 filenames to STDERR
+# By default, use UTF-8 to communicate with Git and the user
 binmode STDERR, ":utf8";
+binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";
 
 use URI::Escape;
+use IPC::Open2;
+
 use warnings;
 
 # Mediawiki filenames can contain forward slashes. This variable decides by which pattern they should be replaced
@@ -59,6 +38,9 @@
 # used to reflect file creation or deletion in diff.
 use constant NULL_SHA1 => "0000000000000000000000000000000000000000";
 
+# Used on Git's side to reflect empty edit messages on the wiki
+use constant EMPTY_MESSAGE => '*Empty MediaWiki Message*';
+
 my $remotename = $ARGV[0];
 my $url = $ARGV[1];
 
@@ -71,10 +53,18 @@
 my @tracked_categories = split(/[ \n]/, run_git("config --get-all remote.". $remotename .".categories"));
 chomp(@tracked_categories);
 
+# Import media files on pull
+my $import_media = run_git("config --get --bool remote.". $remotename .".mediaimport");
+chomp($import_media);
+$import_media = ($import_media eq "true");
+
+# Export media files on push
+my $export_media = run_git("config --get --bool remote.". $remotename .".mediaexport");
+chomp($export_media);
+$export_media = !($export_media eq "false");
+
 my $wiki_login = run_git("config --get remote.". $remotename .".mwLogin");
-# TODO: ideally, this should be able to read from keyboard, but we're
-# inside a remote helper, so our stdin is connect to git, not to a
-# terminal.
+# Note: mwPassword is discourraged. Use the credential system instead.
 my $wiki_passwd = run_git("config --get remote.". $remotename .".mwPassword");
 my $wiki_domain = run_git("config --get remote.". $remotename .".mwDomain");
 chomp($wiki_login);
@@ -86,6 +76,21 @@
 chomp($shallow_import);
 $shallow_import = ($shallow_import eq "true");
 
+# Fetch (clone and pull) by revisions instead of by pages. This behavior
+# is more efficient when we have a wiki with lots of pages and we fetch
+# the revisions quite often so that they concern only few pages.
+# Possible values:
+# - by_rev: perform one query per new revision on the remote wiki
+# - by_page: query each tracked page for new revision
+my $fetch_strategy = run_git("config --get remote.$remotename.fetchStrategy");
+unless ($fetch_strategy) {
+	$fetch_strategy = run_git("config --get mediawiki.fetchStrategy");
+}
+chomp($fetch_strategy);
+unless ($fetch_strategy) {
+	$fetch_strategy = "by_page";
+}
+
 # Dumb push: don't update notes and mediawiki ref to reflect the last push.
 #
 # Configurable with mediawiki.dumbPush, or per-remote with
@@ -109,6 +114,10 @@
 
 my $wiki_name = $url;
 $wiki_name =~ s/[^\/]*:\/\///;
+# If URL is like http://user:password@example.com/, we clearly don't
+# want the password in $wiki_name. While we're there, also remove user
+# and '@' sign, to avoid author like MWUser@HTTPUser@host.com
+$wiki_name =~ s/^.*@//;
 
 # Commands parser
 my $entry;
@@ -147,32 +156,152 @@
 
 ########################## Functions ##############################
 
+## credential API management (generic functions)
+
+sub credential_read {
+	my %credential;
+	my $reader = shift;
+	my $op = shift;
+	while (<$reader>) {
+		my ($key, $value) = /([^=]*)=(.*)/;
+		if (not defined $key) {
+			die "ERROR receiving response from git credential $op:\n$_\n";
+		}
+		$credential{$key} = $value;
+	}
+	return %credential;
+}
+
+sub credential_write {
+	my $credential = shift;
+	my $writer = shift;
+	# url overwrites other fields, so it must come first
+	print $writer "url=$credential->{url}\n" if exists $credential->{url};
+	while (my ($key, $value) = each(%$credential) ) {
+		if (length $value && $key ne 'url') {
+			print $writer "$key=$value\n";
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub credential_run {
+	my $op = shift;
+	my $credential = shift;
+	my $pid = open2(my $reader, my $writer, "git credential $op");
+	credential_write($credential, $writer);
+	print $writer "\n";
+	close($writer);
+
+	if ($op eq "fill") {
+		%$credential = credential_read($reader, $op);
+	} else {
+		if (<$reader>) {
+			die "ERROR while running git credential $op:\n$_";
+		}
+	}
+	close($reader);
+	waitpid($pid, 0);
+	my $child_exit_status = $? >> 8;
+	if ($child_exit_status != 0) {
+		die "'git credential $op' failed with code $child_exit_status.";
+	}
+}
+
 # MediaWiki API instance, created lazily.
 my $mediawiki;
 
 sub mw_connect_maybe {
 	if ($mediawiki) {
-	    return;
+		return;
 	}
 	$mediawiki = MediaWiki::API->new;
 	$mediawiki->{config}->{api_url} = "$url/api.php";
 	if ($wiki_login) {
-		if (!$mediawiki->login({
-			lgname => $wiki_login,
-			lgpassword => $wiki_passwd,
-			lgdomain => $wiki_domain,
-		})) {
-			print STDERR "Failed to log in mediawiki user \"$wiki_login\" on $url\n";
-			print STDERR "(error " .
-			    $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ': ' .
-			    $mediawiki->{error}->{details} . ")\n";
-			exit 1;
+		my %credential = (url => $url);
+		$credential{username} = $wiki_login;
+		$credential{password} = $wiki_passwd;
+		credential_run("fill", \%credential);
+		my $request = {lgname => $credential{username},
+			       lgpassword => $credential{password},
+			       lgdomain => $wiki_domain};
+		if ($mediawiki->login($request)) {
+			credential_run("approve", \%credential);
+			print STDERR "Logged in mediawiki user \"$credential{username}\".\n";
 		} else {
-			print STDERR "Logged in with user \"$wiki_login\".\n";
+			print STDERR "Failed to log in mediawiki user \"$credential{username}\" on $url\n";
+			print STDERR "  (error " .
+				$mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ': ' .
+				$mediawiki->{error}->{details} . ")\n";
+			credential_run("reject", \%credential);
+			exit 1;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
+## Functions for listing pages on the remote wiki
+sub get_mw_tracked_pages {
+	my $pages = shift;
+	get_mw_page_list(\@tracked_pages, $pages);
+}
+
+sub get_mw_page_list {
+	my $page_list = shift;
+	my $pages = shift;
+	my @some_pages = @$page_list;
+	while (@some_pages) {
+		my $last = 50;
+		if ($#some_pages < $last) {
+			$last = $#some_pages;
+		}
+		my @slice = @some_pages[0..$last];
+		get_mw_first_pages(\@slice, $pages);
+		@some_pages = @some_pages[51..$#some_pages];
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_mw_tracked_categories {
+	my $pages = shift;
+	foreach my $category (@tracked_categories) {
+		if (index($category, ':') < 0) {
+			# Mediawiki requires the Category
+			# prefix, but let's not force the user
+			# to specify it.
+			$category = "Category:" . $category;
+		}
+		my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list( {
+			action => 'query',
+			list => 'categorymembers',
+			cmtitle => $category,
+			cmlimit => 'max' } )
+			|| die $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ': '
+				. $mediawiki->{error}->{details};
+		foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+			$pages->{$page->{title}} = $page;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_mw_all_pages {
+	my $pages = shift;
+	# No user-provided list, get the list of pages from the API.
+	my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list({
+		action => 'query',
+		list => 'allpages',
+		aplimit => 'max'
+	});
+	if (!defined($mw_pages)) {
+		print STDERR "fatal: could not get the list of wiki pages.\n";
+		print STDERR "fatal: '$url' does not appear to be a mediawiki\n";
+		print STDERR "fatal: make sure '$url/api.php' is a valid page.\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+	foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+		$pages->{$page->{title}} = $page;
+	}
+}
+
+# queries the wiki for a set of pages. Meant to be used within a loop
+# querying the wiki for slices of page list.
 sub get_mw_first_pages {
 	my $some_pages = shift;
 	my @some_pages = @{$some_pages};
@@ -201,70 +330,45 @@
 	}
 }
 
+# Get the list of pages to be fetched according to configuration.
 sub get_mw_pages {
 	mw_connect_maybe();
 
+	print STDERR "Listing pages on remote wiki...\n";
+
 	my %pages; # hash on page titles to avoid duplicates
 	my $user_defined;
 	if (@tracked_pages) {
 		$user_defined = 1;
 		# The user provided a list of pages titles, but we
 		# still need to query the API to get the page IDs.
-
-		my @some_pages = @tracked_pages;
-		while (@some_pages) {
-			my $last = 50;
-			if ($#some_pages < $last) {
-				$last = $#some_pages;
-			}
-			my @slice = @some_pages[0..$last];
-			get_mw_first_pages(\@slice, \%pages);
-			@some_pages = @some_pages[51..$#some_pages];
-		}
+		get_mw_tracked_pages(\%pages);
 	}
 	if (@tracked_categories) {
 		$user_defined = 1;
-		foreach my $category (@tracked_categories) {
-			if (index($category, ':') < 0) {
-				# Mediawiki requires the Category
-				# prefix, but let's not force the user
-				# to specify it.
-				$category = "Category:" . $category;
-			}
-			my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list( {
-				action => 'query',
-				list => 'categorymembers',
-				cmtitle => $category,
-				cmlimit => 'max' } )
-			    || die $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ': ' . $mediawiki->{error}->{details};
-			foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
-				$pages{$page->{title}} = $page;
-			}
-		}
+		get_mw_tracked_categories(\%pages);
 	}
 	if (!$user_defined) {
-		# No user-provided list, get the list of pages from
-		# the API.
-		my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list({
-			action => 'query',
-			list => 'allpages',
-			aplimit => 500,
-		});
-		if (!defined($mw_pages)) {
-			print STDERR "fatal: could not get the list of wiki pages.\n";
-			print STDERR "fatal: '$url' does not appear to be a mediawiki\n";
-			print STDERR "fatal: make sure '$url/api.php' is a valid page.\n";
-			exit 1;
-		}
-		foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
-			$pages{$page->{title}} = $page;
+		get_mw_all_pages(\%pages);
+	}
+	if ($import_media) {
+		print STDERR "Getting media files for selected pages...\n";
+		if ($user_defined) {
+			get_linked_mediafiles(\%pages);
+		} else {
+			get_all_mediafiles(\%pages);
 		}
 	}
-	return values(%pages);
+	print STDERR (scalar keys %pages) . " pages found.\n";
+	return %pages;
 }
 
+# usage: $out = run_git("command args");
+#        $out = run_git("command args", "raw"); # don't interpret output as UTF-8.
 sub run_git {
-	open(my $git, "-|:encoding(UTF-8)", "git " . $_[0]);
+	my $args = shift;
+	my $encoding = (shift || "encoding(UTF-8)");
+	open(my $git, "-|:$encoding", "git " . $args);
 	my $res = do { local $/; <$git> };
 	close($git);
 
@@ -272,6 +376,123 @@
 }
 
 
+sub get_all_mediafiles {
+	my $pages = shift;
+	# Attach list of all pages for media files from the API,
+	# they are in a different namespace, only one namespace
+	# can be queried at the same moment
+	my $mw_pages = $mediawiki->list({
+		action => 'query',
+		list => 'allpages',
+		apnamespace => get_mw_namespace_id("File"),
+		aplimit => 'max'
+	});
+	if (!defined($mw_pages)) {
+		print STDERR "fatal: could not get the list of pages for media files.\n";
+		print STDERR "fatal: '$url' does not appear to be a mediawiki\n";
+		print STDERR "fatal: make sure '$url/api.php' is a valid page.\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+	foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+		$pages->{$page->{title}} = $page;
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_linked_mediafiles {
+	my $pages = shift;
+	my @titles = map $_->{title}, values(%{$pages});
+
+	# The query is split in small batches because of the MW API limit of
+	# the number of links to be returned (500 links max).
+	my $batch = 10;
+	while (@titles) {
+		if ($#titles < $batch) {
+			$batch = $#titles;
+		}
+		my @slice = @titles[0..$batch];
+
+		# pattern 'page1|page2|...' required by the API
+		my $mw_titles = join('|', @slice);
+
+		# Media files could be included or linked from
+		# a page, get all related
+		my $query = {
+			action => 'query',
+			prop => 'links|images',
+			titles => $mw_titles,
+			plnamespace => get_mw_namespace_id("File"),
+			pllimit => 'max'
+		};
+		my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
+
+		while (my ($id, $page) = each(%{$result->{query}->{pages}})) {
+			my @media_titles;
+			if (defined($page->{links})) {
+				my @link_titles = map $_->{title}, @{$page->{links}};
+				push(@media_titles, @link_titles);
+			}
+			if (defined($page->{images})) {
+				my @image_titles = map $_->{title}, @{$page->{images}};
+				push(@media_titles, @image_titles);
+			}
+			if (@media_titles) {
+				get_mw_page_list(\@media_titles, $pages);
+			}
+		}
+
+		@titles = @titles[($batch+1)..$#titles];
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_mw_mediafile_for_page_revision {
+	# Name of the file on Wiki, with the prefix.
+	my $filename = shift;
+	my $timestamp = shift;
+	my %mediafile;
+
+	# Search if on a media file with given timestamp exists on
+	# MediaWiki. In that case download the file.
+	my $query = {
+		action => 'query',
+		prop => 'imageinfo',
+		titles => "File:" . $filename,
+		iistart => $timestamp,
+		iiend => $timestamp,
+		iiprop => 'timestamp|archivename|url',
+		iilimit => 1
+	};
+	my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
+
+	my ($fileid, $file) = each( %{$result->{query}->{pages}} );
+	# If not defined it means there is no revision of the file for
+	# given timestamp.
+	if (defined($file->{imageinfo})) {
+		$mediafile{title} = $filename;
+
+		my $fileinfo = pop(@{$file->{imageinfo}});
+		$mediafile{timestamp} = $fileinfo->{timestamp};
+		# Mediawiki::API's download function doesn't support https URLs
+		# and can't download old versions of files.
+		print STDERR "\tDownloading file $mediafile{title}, version $mediafile{timestamp}\n";
+		$mediafile{content} = download_mw_mediafile($fileinfo->{url});
+	}
+	return %mediafile;
+}
+
+sub download_mw_mediafile {
+	my $url = shift;
+
+	my $response = $mediawiki->{ua}->get($url);
+	if ($response->code == 200) {
+		return $response->decoded_content;
+	} else {
+		print STDERR "Error downloading mediafile from :\n";
+		print STDERR "URL: $url\n";
+		print STDERR "Server response: " . $response->code . " " . $response->message . "\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+}
+
 sub get_last_local_revision {
 	# Get note regarding last mediawiki revision
 	my $note = run_git("notes --ref=$remotename/mediawiki show refs/mediawiki/$remotename/master 2>/dev/null");
@@ -293,13 +514,36 @@
 # Remember the timestamp corresponding to a revision id.
 my %basetimestamps;
 
+# Get the last remote revision without taking in account which pages are
+# tracked or not. This function makes a single request to the wiki thus
+# avoid a loop onto all tracked pages. This is useful for the fetch-by-rev
+# option.
+sub get_last_global_remote_rev {
+	mw_connect_maybe();
+
+	my $query = {
+		action => 'query',
+		list => 'recentchanges',
+		prop => 'revisions',
+		rclimit => '1',
+		rcdir => 'older',
+	};
+	my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
+	return $result->{query}->{recentchanges}[0]->{revid};
+}
+
+# Get the last remote revision concerning the tracked pages and the tracked
+# categories.
 sub get_last_remote_revision {
 	mw_connect_maybe();
 
-	my @pages = get_mw_pages();
+	my %pages_hash = get_mw_pages();
+	my @pages = values(%pages_hash);
 
 	my $max_rev_num = 0;
 
+	print STDERR "Getting last revision id on tracked pages...\n";
+
 	foreach my $page (@pages) {
 		my $id = $page->{pageid};
 
@@ -375,6 +619,16 @@
 	print STDOUT "data ", bytes::length($content), "\n", $content;
 }
 
+sub literal_data_raw {
+	# Output possibly binary content.
+	my ($content) = @_;
+	# Avoid confusion between size in bytes and in characters
+	utf8::downgrade($content);
+	binmode STDOUT, ":raw";
+	print STDOUT "data ", bytes::length($content), "\n", $content;
+	binmode STDOUT, ":utf8";
+}
+
 sub mw_capabilities {
 	# Revisions are imported to the private namespace
 	# refs/mediawiki/$remotename/ by the helper and fetched into
@@ -457,11 +711,24 @@
 	return ($n, @revisions);
 }
 
+sub fe_escape_path {
+    my $path = shift;
+    $path =~ s/\\/\\\\/g;
+    $path =~ s/"/\\"/g;
+    $path =~ s/\n/\\n/g;
+    return '"' . $path . '"';
+}
+
 sub import_file_revision {
 	my $commit = shift;
 	my %commit = %{$commit};
 	my $full_import = shift;
 	my $n = shift;
+	my $mediafile = shift;
+	my %mediafile;
+	if ($mediafile) {
+		%mediafile = %{$mediafile};
+	}
 
 	my $title = $commit{title};
 	my $comment = $commit{comment};
@@ -479,11 +746,17 @@
 		print STDOUT "from refs/mediawiki/$remotename/master^0\n";
 	}
 	if ($content ne DELETED_CONTENT) {
-		print STDOUT "M 644 inline $title.mw\n";
+		print STDOUT "M 644 inline " .
+		    fe_escape_path($title . ".mw") . "\n";
 		literal_data($content);
+		if (%mediafile) {
+			print STDOUT "M 644 inline "
+			    . fe_escape_path($mediafile{title}) . "\n";
+			literal_data_raw($mediafile{content});
+		}
 		print STDOUT "\n\n";
 	} else {
-		print STDOUT "D $title.mw\n";
+		print STDOUT "D " . fe_escape_path($title . ".mw") . "\n";
 	}
 
 	# mediawiki revision number in the git note
@@ -543,8 +816,6 @@
 
 	mw_connect_maybe();
 
-	my @pages = get_mw_pages();
-
 	print STDERR "Searching revisions...\n";
 	my $last_local = get_last_local_revision();
 	my $fetch_from = $last_local + 1;
@@ -553,36 +824,111 @@
 	} else {
 		print STDERR ", fetching from here.\n";
 	}
+
+	my $n = 0;
+	if ($fetch_strategy eq "by_rev") {
+		print STDERR "Fetching & writing export data by revs...\n";
+		$n = mw_import_ref_by_revs($fetch_from);
+	} elsif ($fetch_strategy eq "by_page") {
+		print STDERR "Fetching & writing export data by pages...\n";
+		$n = mw_import_ref_by_pages($fetch_from);
+	} else {
+		print STDERR "fatal: invalid fetch strategy \"$fetch_strategy\".\n";
+		print STDERR "Check your configuration variables remote.$remotename.fetchStrategy and mediawiki.fetchStrategy\n";
+		exit 1;
+	}
+
+	if ($fetch_from == 1 && $n == 0) {
+		print STDERR "You appear to have cloned an empty MediaWiki.\n";
+		# Something has to be done remote-helper side. If nothing is done, an error is
+		# thrown saying that HEAD is refering to unknown object 0000000000000000000
+		# and the clone fails.
+	}
+}
+
+sub mw_import_ref_by_pages {
+
+	my $fetch_from = shift;
+	my %pages_hash = get_mw_pages();
+	my @pages = values(%pages_hash);
+
 	my ($n, @revisions) = fetch_mw_revisions(\@pages, $fetch_from);
 
-	# Creation of the fast-import stream
-	print STDERR "Fetching & writing export data...\n";
+	@revisions = sort {$a->{revid} <=> $b->{revid}} @revisions;
+	my @revision_ids = map $_->{revid}, @revisions;
 
-	$n = 0;
+	return mw_import_revids($fetch_from, \@revision_ids, \%pages_hash);
+}
+
+sub mw_import_ref_by_revs {
+
+	my $fetch_from = shift;
+	my %pages_hash = get_mw_pages();
+
+	my $last_remote = get_last_global_remote_rev();
+	my @revision_ids = $fetch_from..$last_remote;
+	return mw_import_revids($fetch_from, \@revision_ids, \%pages_hash);
+}
+
+# Import revisions given in second argument (array of integers).
+# Only pages appearing in the third argument (hash indexed by page titles)
+# will be imported.
+sub mw_import_revids {
+	my $fetch_from = shift;
+	my $revision_ids = shift;
+	my $pages = shift;
+
+	my $n = 0;
+	my $n_actual = 0;
 	my $last_timestamp = 0; # Placeholer in case $rev->timestamp is undefined
 
-	foreach my $pagerevid (sort {$a->{revid} <=> $b->{revid}} @revisions) {
+	foreach my $pagerevid (@$revision_ids) {
+	        # Count page even if we skip it, since we display
+		# $n/$total and $total includes skipped pages.
+		$n++;
+
 		# fetch the content of the pages
 		my $query = {
 			action => 'query',
 			prop => 'revisions',
 			rvprop => 'content|timestamp|comment|user|ids',
-			revids => $pagerevid->{revid},
+			revids => $pagerevid,
 		};
 
 		my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
 
-		my $rev = pop(@{$result->{query}->{pages}->{$pagerevid->{pageid}}->{revisions}});
+		if (!$result) {
+			die "Failed to retrieve modified page for revision $pagerevid";
+		}
 
-		$n++;
+		if (defined($result->{query}->{badrevids}->{$pagerevid})) {
+			# The revision id does not exist on the remote wiki.
+			next;
+		}
+
+		if (!defined($result->{query}->{pages})) {
+			die "Invalid revision $pagerevid.";
+		}
+
+		my @result_pages = values(%{$result->{query}->{pages}});
+		my $result_page = $result_pages[0];
+		my $rev = $result_pages[0]->{revisions}->[0];
+
+		my $page_title = $result_page->{title};
+
+		if (!exists($pages->{$page_title})) {
+			print STDERR "$n/", scalar(@$revision_ids),
+				": Skipping revision #$rev->{revid} of $page_title\n";
+			next;
+		}
+
+		$n_actual++;
 
 		my %commit;
 		$commit{author} = $rev->{user} || 'Anonymous';
-		$commit{comment} = $rev->{comment} || '*Empty MediaWiki Message*';
-		$commit{title} = mediawiki_smudge_filename(
-			$result->{query}->{pages}->{$pagerevid->{pageid}}->{title}
-		    );
-		$commit{mw_revision} = $pagerevid->{revid};
+		$commit{comment} = $rev->{comment} || EMPTY_MESSAGE;
+		$commit{title} = mediawiki_smudge_filename($page_title);
+		$commit{mw_revision} = $rev->{revid};
 		$commit{content} = mediawiki_smudge($rev->{'*'});
 
 		if (!defined($rev->{timestamp})) {
@@ -592,17 +938,23 @@
 		}
 		$commit{date} = DateTime::Format::ISO8601->parse_datetime($last_timestamp);
 
-		print STDERR "$n/", scalar(@revisions), ": Revision #$pagerevid->{revid} of $commit{title}\n";
-
-		import_file_revision(\%commit, ($fetch_from == 1), $n);
+		# Differentiates classic pages and media files.
+		my ($namespace, $filename) = $page_title =~ /^([^:]*):(.*)$/;
+		my %mediafile;
+		if ($namespace) {
+			my $id = get_mw_namespace_id($namespace);
+			if ($id && $id == get_mw_namespace_id("File")) {
+				%mediafile = get_mw_mediafile_for_page_revision($filename, $rev->{timestamp});
+			}
+		}
+		# If this is a revision of the media page for new version
+		# of a file do one common commit for both file and media page.
+		# Else do commit only for that page.
+		print STDERR "$n/", scalar(@$revision_ids), ": Revision #$rev->{revid} of $commit{title}\n";
+		import_file_revision(\%commit, ($fetch_from == 1), $n_actual, \%mediafile);
 	}
 
-	if ($fetch_from == 1 && $n == 0) {
-		print STDERR "You appear to have cloned an empty MediaWiki.\n";
-		# Something has to be done remote-helper side. If nothing is done, an error is
-		# thrown saying that HEAD is refering to unknown object 0000000000000000000
-		# and the clone fails.
-	}
+	return $n_actual;
 }
 
 sub error_non_fast_forward {
@@ -620,6 +972,63 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+sub mw_upload_file {
+	my $complete_file_name = shift;
+	my $new_sha1 = shift;
+	my $extension = shift;
+	my $file_deleted = shift;
+	my $summary = shift;
+	my $newrevid;
+	my $path = "File:" . $complete_file_name;
+	my %hashFiles = get_allowed_file_extensions();
+	if (!exists($hashFiles{$extension})) {
+		print STDERR "$complete_file_name is not a permitted file on this wiki.\n";
+		print STDERR "Check the configuration of file uploads in your mediawiki.\n";
+		return $newrevid;
+	}
+	# Deleting and uploading a file requires a priviledged user
+	if ($file_deleted) {
+		mw_connect_maybe();
+		my $query = {
+			action => 'delete',
+			title => $path,
+			reason => $summary
+		};
+		if (!$mediawiki->edit($query)) {
+			print STDERR "Failed to delete file on remote wiki\n";
+			print STDERR "Check your permissions on the remote site. Error code:\n";
+			print STDERR $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ':' . $mediawiki->{error}->{details};
+			exit 1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		# Don't let perl try to interpret file content as UTF-8 => use "raw"
+		my $content = run_git("cat-file blob $new_sha1", "raw");
+		if ($content ne "") {
+			mw_connect_maybe();
+			$mediawiki->{config}->{upload_url} =
+				"$url/index.php/Special:Upload";
+			$mediawiki->edit({
+				action => 'upload',
+				filename => $complete_file_name,
+				comment => $summary,
+				file => [undef,
+					 $complete_file_name,
+					 Content => $content],
+				ignorewarnings => 1,
+			}, {
+				skip_encoding => 1
+			} ) || die $mediawiki->{error}->{code} . ':'
+				 . $mediawiki->{error}->{details};
+			my $last_file_page = $mediawiki->get_page({title => $path});
+			$newrevid = $last_file_page->{revid};
+			print STDERR "Pushed file: $new_sha1 - $complete_file_name.\n";
+		} else {
+			print STDERR "Empty file $complete_file_name not pushed.\n";
+		}
+	}
+	return $newrevid;
+}
+
 sub mw_push_file {
 	my $diff_info = shift;
 	# $diff_info contains a string in this format:
@@ -632,7 +1041,12 @@
 	my $summary = shift;
 	# MediaWiki revision number. Keep the previous one by default,
 	# in case there's no edit to perform.
-	my $newrevid = shift;
+	my $oldrevid = shift;
+	my $newrevid;
+
+	if ($summary eq EMPTY_MESSAGE) {
+		$summary = '';
+	}
 
 	my $new_sha1 = $diff_info_split[3];
 	my $old_sha1 = $diff_info_split[2];
@@ -640,9 +1054,16 @@
 	my $page_deleted = ($new_sha1 eq NULL_SHA1);
 	$complete_file_name = mediawiki_clean_filename($complete_file_name);
 
-	if (substr($complete_file_name,-3) eq ".mw") {
-		my $title = substr($complete_file_name,0,-3);
-
+	my ($title, $extension) = $complete_file_name =~ /^(.*)\.([^\.]*)$/;
+	if (!defined($extension)) {
+		$extension = "";
+	}
+	if ($extension eq "mw") {
+		my $ns = get_mw_namespace_id_for_page($complete_file_name);
+		if ($ns && $ns == get_mw_namespace_id("File") && (!$export_media)) {
+			print STDERR "Ignoring media file related page: $complete_file_name\n";
+			return ($oldrevid, "ok");
+		}
 		my $file_content;
 		if ($page_deleted) {
 			# Deleting a page usually requires
@@ -660,7 +1081,7 @@
 			action => 'edit',
 			summary => $summary,
 			title => $title,
-			basetimestamp => $basetimestamps{$newrevid},
+			basetimestamp => $basetimestamps{$oldrevid},
 			text => mediawiki_clean($file_content, $page_created),
 				  }, {
 					  skip_encoding => 1 # Helps with names with accentuated characters
@@ -672,7 +1093,7 @@
 				    $mediawiki->{error}->{code} .
 				    ' from mediwiki: ' . $mediawiki->{error}->{details} .
 				    ".\n";
-				return ($newrevid, "non-fast-forward");
+				return ($oldrevid, "non-fast-forward");
 			} else {
 				# Other errors. Shouldn't happen => just die()
 				die 'Fatal: Error ' .
@@ -682,9 +1103,14 @@
 		}
 		$newrevid = $result->{edit}->{newrevid};
 		print STDERR "Pushed file: $new_sha1 - $title\n";
+	} elsif ($export_media) {
+		$newrevid = mw_upload_file($complete_file_name, $new_sha1,
+					   $extension, $page_deleted,
+					   $summary);
 	} else {
-		print STDERR "$complete_file_name not a mediawiki file (Not pushable on this version of git-remote-mediawiki).\n"
+		print STDERR "Ignoring media file $title\n";
 	}
+	$newrevid = ($newrevid or $oldrevid);
 	return ($newrevid, "ok");
 }
 
@@ -756,16 +1182,26 @@
 	if ($last_local_revid > 0) {
 		my $parsed_sha1 = $remoteorigin_sha1;
 		# Find a path from last MediaWiki commit to pushed commit
+		print STDERR "Computing path from local to remote ...\n";
+		my @local_ancestry = split(/\n/, run_git("rev-list --boundary --parents $local ^$parsed_sha1"));
+		my %local_ancestry;
+		foreach my $line (@local_ancestry) {
+			if (my ($child, $parents) = $line =~ m/^-?([a-f0-9]+) ([a-f0-9 ]+)/) {
+				foreach my $parent (split(' ', $parents)) {
+					$local_ancestry{$parent} = $child;
+				}
+			} elsif (!$line =~ m/^([a-f0-9]+)/) {
+				die "Unexpected output from git rev-list: $line";
+			}
+		}
 		while ($parsed_sha1 ne $HEAD_sha1) {
-			my @commit_info =  grep(/^$parsed_sha1/, split(/\n/, run_git("rev-list --children $local")));
-			if (!@commit_info) {
+			my $child = $local_ancestry{$parsed_sha1};
+			if (!$child) {
+				printf STDERR "Cannot find a path in history from remote commit to last commit\n";
 				return error_non_fast_forward($remote);
 			}
-			my @commit_info_split = split(/ |\n/, $commit_info[0]);
-			# $commit_info_split[1] is the sha1 of the commit to export
-			# $commit_info_split[0] is the sha1 of its direct child
-			push(@commit_pairs, \@commit_info_split);
-			$parsed_sha1 = $commit_info_split[1];
+			push(@commit_pairs, [$parsed_sha1, $child]);
+			$parsed_sha1 = $child;
 		}
 	} else {
 		# No remote mediawiki revision. Export the whole
@@ -787,8 +1223,8 @@
 		# TODO: we could detect rename, and encode them with a #redirect on the wiki.
 		# TODO: for now, it's just a delete+add
 		my @diff_info_list = split(/\0/, $diff_infos);
-		# Keep the first line of the commit message as mediawiki comment for the revision
-		my $commit_msg = (split(/\n/, run_git("show --pretty=format:\"%s\" $sha1_commit")))[0];
+		# Keep the subject line of the commit message as mediawiki comment for the revision
+		my $commit_msg = run_git("log --no-walk --format=\"%s\" $sha1_commit");
 		chomp($commit_msg);
 		# Push every blob
 		while (@diff_info_list) {
@@ -813,7 +1249,7 @@
 			}
 		}
 		unless ($dumb_push) {
-			run_git("notes --ref=$remotename/mediawiki add -m \"mediawiki_revision: $mw_revision\" $sha1_commit");
+			run_git("notes --ref=$remotename/mediawiki add -f -m \"mediawiki_revision: $mw_revision\" $sha1_commit");
 			run_git("update-ref -m \"Git-MediaWiki push\" refs/mediawiki/$remotename/master $sha1_commit $sha1_child");
 		}
 	}
@@ -821,3 +1257,104 @@
 	print STDOUT "ok $remote\n";
 	return 1;
 }
+
+sub get_allowed_file_extensions {
+	mw_connect_maybe();
+
+	my $query = {
+		action => 'query',
+		meta => 'siteinfo',
+		siprop => 'fileextensions'
+		};
+	my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
+	my @file_extensions= map $_->{ext},@{$result->{query}->{fileextensions}};
+	my %hashFile = map {$_ => 1}@file_extensions;
+
+	return %hashFile;
+}
+
+# In memory cache for MediaWiki namespace ids.
+my %namespace_id;
+
+# Namespaces whose id is cached in the configuration file
+# (to avoid duplicates)
+my %cached_mw_namespace_id;
+
+# Return MediaWiki id for a canonical namespace name.
+# Ex.: "File", "Project".
+sub get_mw_namespace_id {
+	mw_connect_maybe();
+	my $name = shift;
+
+	if (!exists $namespace_id{$name}) {
+		# Look at configuration file, if the record for that namespace is
+		# already cached. Namespaces are stored in form:
+		# "Name_of_namespace:Id_namespace", ex.: "File:6".
+		my @temp = split(/[\n]/, run_git("config --get-all remote."
+						. $remotename .".namespaceCache"));
+		chomp(@temp);
+		foreach my $ns (@temp) {
+			my ($n, $id) = split(/:/, $ns);
+			if ($id eq 'notANameSpace') {
+				$namespace_id{$n} = {is_namespace => 0};
+			} else {
+				$namespace_id{$n} = {is_namespace => 1, id => $id};
+			}
+			$cached_mw_namespace_id{$n} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!exists $namespace_id{$name}) {
+		print STDERR "Namespace $name not found in cache, querying the wiki ...\n";
+		# NS not found => get namespace id from MW and store it in
+	        # configuration file.
+	        my $query = {
+	                action => 'query',
+	                meta => 'siteinfo',
+	                siprop => 'namespaces'
+	        };
+	        my $result = $mediawiki->api($query);
+
+	        while (my ($id, $ns) = each(%{$result->{query}->{namespaces}})) {
+	                if (defined($ns->{id}) && defined($ns->{canonical})) {
+				$namespace_id{$ns->{canonical}} = {is_namespace => 1, id => $ns->{id}};
+				if ($ns->{'*'}) {
+					# alias (e.g. french Fichier: as alias for canonical File:)
+					$namespace_id{$ns->{'*'}} = {is_namespace => 1, id => $ns->{id}};
+				}
+			}
+	        }
+	}
+
+	my $ns = $namespace_id{$name};
+	my $id;
+
+	unless (defined $ns) {
+		print STDERR "No such namespace $name on MediaWiki.\n";
+		$ns = {is_namespace => 0};
+		$namespace_id{$name} = $ns;
+	}
+
+	if ($ns->{is_namespace}) {
+		$id = $ns->{id};
+	}
+
+	# Store "notANameSpace" as special value for inexisting namespaces
+	my $store_id = ($id || 'notANameSpace');
+
+	# Store explicitely requested namespaces on disk
+	if (!exists $cached_mw_namespace_id{$name}) {
+		run_git("config --add remote.". $remotename
+			.".namespaceCache \"". $name .":". $store_id ."\"");
+		$cached_mw_namespace_id{$name} = 1;
+	}
+	return $id;
+}
+
+sub get_mw_namespace_id_for_page {
+	if (my ($namespace) = $_[0] =~ /^([^:]*):/) {
+		return get_mw_namespace_id($namespace);
+	} else {
+		return;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/.gitignore b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a7a40b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+WEB/
+wiki/
+trash directory.t*/
+test-results/
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/Makefile b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f422203
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+## Test git-remote-mediawiki
+
+all: test
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+
+.PHONY: help test clean all
+
+help:
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) test" to launch test scripts'
+	@echo 'Run "$(MAKE) clean" to remove trash folders'
+
+test:
+	@for t in $(T); do \
+		echo "$$t"; \
+		"./$$t" || exit 1; \
+	done
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.*
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..96e9739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/README
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+Tests for Mediawiki-to-Git
+==========================
+
+Introduction
+------------
+This manual describes how to install the git-remote-mediawiki test
+environment on a machine with git installed on it.
+
+Prerequisite
+------------
+
+In order to run this test environment correctly, you will need to
+install the following packages (Debian/Ubuntu names, may need to be
+adapted for another distribution):
+
+* lighttpd
+* php5
+* php5-cgi
+* php5-cli
+* php5-curl
+* php5-sqlite
+
+Principles and Technical Choices
+--------------------------------
+
+The test environment makes it easy to install and manipulate one or
+several MediaWiki instances. To allow developers to run the testsuite
+easily, the environment does not require root priviledge (except to
+install the required packages if needed). It starts a webserver
+instance on the user's account (using lighttpd greatly helps for
+that), and does not need a separate database daemon (thanks to the use
+of sqlite).
+
+Run the test environment
+------------------------
+
+Install a new wiki
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Once you have all the prerequisite, you need to install a MediaWiki
+instance on your machine. If you already have one, it is still
+strongly recommended to install one with the script provided. Here's
+how to work it:
+
+a. change directory to contrib/mw-to-git/t/
+b. if needed, edit test.config to choose your installation parameters
+c. run `./install-wiki.sh install`
+d. check on your favourite web browser if your wiki is correctly
+   installed.
+
+Remove an existing wiki
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Edit the file test.config to fit the wiki you want to delete, and then
+execute the command `./install-wiki.sh delete` from the
+contrib/mw-to-git/t directory.
+
+Run the existing tests
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The provided tests are currently in the `contrib/mw-to-git/t` directory.
+The files are all the t936[0-9]-*.sh shell scripts.
+
+a. Run all tests:
+To do so, run "make test" from the contrib/mw-to-git/ directory.
+
+b. Run a specific test:
+To run a given test <test_name>, run ./<test_name> from the
+contrib/mw-to-git/t directory.
+
+How to create new tests
+-----------------------
+
+Available functions
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The test environment of git-remote-mediawiki provides some functions
+useful to test its behaviour. for more details about the functions'
+parameters, please refer to the `test-gitmw-lib.sh` and
+`test-gitmw.pl` files.
+
+** `test_check_wiki_precond`:
+Check if the tests must be skipped or not. Please use this function
+at the beggining of each new test file.
+
+** `wiki_getpage`:
+Fetch a given page from the wiki and puts its content in the
+directory in parameter.
+
+** `wiki_delete_page`:
+Delete a given page from the wiki.
+
+** `wiki_edit_page`:
+Create or modify a given page in the wiki. You can specify several
+parameters like a summary for the page edition, or add the page to a
+given category.
+See test-gitmw.pl for more details.
+
+** `wiki_getallpage`:
+Fetch all pages from the wiki into a given directory. The directory
+is created if it does not exists.
+
+** `test_diff_directories`:
+Compare the content of two directories. The content must be the same.
+Use this function to compare the content of a git directory and a wiki
+one created by wiki_getallpage.
+
+** `test_contains_N_files`:
+Check if the given directory contains a given number of file.
+
+** `wiki_page_exists`:
+Tests if a given page exists on the wiki.
+
+** `wiki_reset`:
+Reset the wiki, i.e. flush the database. Use this function at the
+begining of each new test, except if the test re-uses the same wiki
+(and history) as the previous test.
+
+How to write a new test
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Please, follow the standards given by git. See git/t/README.
+New file should be named as t936[0-9]-*.sh.
+Be sure to reset your wiki regulary with the function `wiki_reset`.
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c6d6fa3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# This script installs or deletes a MediaWiki on your computer.
+# It requires a web server with PHP and SQLite running. In addition, if you
+# do not have MediaWiki sources on your computer, the option 'install'
+# downloads them for you.
+# Please set the CONFIGURATION VARIABLES in ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+
+WIKI_TEST_DIR=$(cd "$(dirname "$0")" && pwd)
+
+if test -z "$WIKI_TEST_DIR"
+then
+	WIKI_TEST_DIR=.
+fi
+
+. "$WIKI_TEST_DIR"/test-gitmw-lib.sh
+usage () {
+	echo "Usage: "
+	echo "	./install-wiki.sh <install | delete | --help>"
+	echo "		install | -i :	Install a wiki on your computer."
+	echo "		delete | -d : Delete the wiki and all its pages and "
+	echo "			content."
+}
+
+
+# Argument: install, delete, --help | -h
+case "$1" in
+	"install" | "-i")
+		wiki_install
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	"delete" | "-d")
+		wiki_delete
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	"--help" | "-h")
+		usage
+		exit 0
+		;;
+	*)
+		echo "Invalid argument: $1"
+		usage
+		exit 1
+		;;
+esac
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/.gitignore b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5a2a44
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+wikidb.sqlite
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29f1251
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/LocalSettings.php
@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+<?php
+# This file was automatically generated by the MediaWiki 1.19.0
+# installer. If you make manual changes, please keep track in case you
+# need to recreate them later.
+#
+# See includes/DefaultSettings.php for all configurable settings
+# and their default values, but don't forget to make changes in _this_
+# file, not there.
+#
+# Further documentation for configuration settings may be found at:
+# http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Configuration_settings
+
+# Protect against web entry
+if ( !defined( 'MEDIAWIKI' ) ) {
+	exit;
+}
+
+## Uncomment this to disable output compression
+# $wgDisableOutputCompression = true;
+
+$wgSitename      = "Git-MediaWiki-Test";
+$wgMetaNamespace = "Git-MediaWiki-Test";
+
+## The URL base path to the directory containing the wiki;
+## defaults for all runtime URL paths are based off of this.
+## For more information on customizing the URLs please see:
+## http://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Manual:Short_URL
+$wgScriptPath       = "@WG_SCRIPT_PATH@";
+$wgScriptExtension  = ".php";
+
+## The protocol and server name to use in fully-qualified URLs
+$wgServer           = "@WG_SERVER@";
+
+## The relative URL path to the skins directory
+$wgStylePath        = "$wgScriptPath/skins";
+
+## The relative URL path to the logo.  Make sure you change this from the default,
+## or else you'll overwrite your logo when you upgrade!
+$wgLogo             = "$wgStylePath/common/images/wiki.png";
+
+## UPO means: this is also a user preference option
+
+$wgEnableEmail      = true;
+$wgEnableUserEmail  = true; # UPO
+
+$wgEmergencyContact = "apache@localhost";
+$wgPasswordSender   = "apache@localhost";
+
+$wgEnotifUserTalk      = false; # UPO
+$wgEnotifWatchlist     = false; # UPO
+$wgEmailAuthentication = true;
+
+## Database settings
+$wgDBtype           = "sqlite";
+$wgDBserver         = "";
+$wgDBname           = "@WG_SQLITE_DATAFILE@";
+$wgDBuser           = "";
+$wgDBpassword       = "";
+
+# SQLite-specific settings
+$wgSQLiteDataDir    = "@WG_SQLITE_DATADIR@";
+
+
+## Shared memory settings
+$wgMainCacheType    = CACHE_NONE;
+$wgMemCachedServers = array();
+
+## To enable image uploads, make sure the 'images' directory
+## is writable, then set this to true:
+$wgEnableUploads  = true;
+$wgUseImageMagick = true;
+$wgImageMagickConvertCommand ="@CONVERT@";
+$wgFileExtensions[] = 'txt';
+
+# InstantCommons allows wiki to use images from http://commons.wikimedia.org
+$wgUseInstantCommons  = false;
+
+## If you use ImageMagick (or any other shell command) on a
+## Linux server, this will need to be set to the name of an
+## available UTF-8 locale
+$wgShellLocale = "en_US.utf8";
+
+## If you want to use image uploads under safe mode,
+## create the directories images/archive, images/thumb and
+## images/temp, and make them all writable. Then uncomment
+## this, if it's not already uncommented:
+#$wgHashedUploadDirectory = false;
+
+## Set $wgCacheDirectory to a writable directory on the web server
+## to make your wiki go slightly faster. The directory should not
+## be publically accessible from the web.
+#$wgCacheDirectory = "$IP/cache";
+
+# Site language code, should be one of the list in ./languages/Names.php
+$wgLanguageCode = "en";
+
+$wgSecretKey = "1c912bfe3519fb70f5dc523ecc698111cd43d81a11c585b3eefb28f29c2699b7";
+#$wgSecretKey = "@SECRETKEY@";
+
+
+# Site upgrade key. Must be set to a string (default provided) to turn on the
+# web installer while LocalSettings.php is in place
+$wgUpgradeKey = "ddae7dc87cd0a645";
+
+## Default skin: you can change the default skin. Use the internal symbolic
+## names, ie 'standard', 'nostalgia', 'cologneblue', 'monobook', 'vector':
+$wgDefaultSkin = "vector";
+
+## For attaching licensing metadata to pages, and displaying an
+## appropriate copyright notice / icon. GNU Free Documentation
+## License and Creative Commons licenses are supported so far.
+$wgRightsPage = ""; # Set to the title of a wiki page that describes your license/copyright
+$wgRightsUrl  = "";
+$wgRightsText = "";
+$wgRightsIcon = "";
+
+# Path to the GNU diff3 utility. Used for conflict resolution.
+$wgDiff3 = "/usr/bin/diff3";
+
+# Query string length limit for ResourceLoader. You should only set this if
+# your web server has a query string length limit (then set it to that limit),
+# or if you have suhosin.get.max_value_length set in php.ini (then set it to
+# that value)
+$wgResourceLoaderMaxQueryLength = -1;
+
+
+
+# End of automatically generated settings.
+# Add more configuration options below.
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/db_install.php b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/db_install.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0f3f4e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/install-wiki/db_install.php
@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
+<?php
+/**
+ * This script generates a SQLite database for a MediaWiki version 1.19.0
+ * You must specify the login of the admin (argument 1) and its
+ * password (argument 2) and the folder where the database file
+ * is located (absolute path in argument 3).
+ * It is used by the script install-wiki.sh in order to make easy the
+ * installation of a MediaWiki.
+ *
+ * In order to generate a SQLite database file, MediaWiki ask the user
+ * to submit some forms in its web browser. This script simulates this
+ * behavior though the functions <get> and <submit>
+ *
+ */
+$argc = $_SERVER['argc'];
+$argv = $_SERVER['argv'];
+
+$login = $argv[2];
+$pass = $argv[3];
+$tmp = $argv[4];
+$port = $argv[5];
+
+$url = 'http://localhost:'.$port.'/wiki/mw-config/index.php';
+$db_dir = urlencode($tmp);
+$tmp_cookie = tempnam($tmp, "COOKIE_");
+/*
+ * Fetchs a page with cURL.
+ */
+function get($page_name = "") {
+	$curl = curl_init();
+	$page_name_add = "";
+	if ($page_name != "") {
+		$page_name_add = '?page='.$page_name;
+	}
+	$url = $GLOBALS['url'].$page_name_add;
+	$tmp_cookie = $GLOBALS['tmp_cookie'];
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $tmp_cookie);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $tmp_cookie);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_HEADER, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
+
+	$page = curl_exec($curl);
+	if (!$page) {
+		die("Could not get page: $url\n");
+	}
+	curl_close($curl);
+	return $page;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Submits a form with cURL.
+ */
+function submit($page_name, $option = "") {
+	$curl = curl_init();
+	$datapost = 'submit-continue=Continue+%E2%86%92';
+	if ($option != "") {
+		$datapost = $option.'&'.$datapost;
+	}
+	$url = $GLOBALS['url'].'?page='.$page_name;
+	$tmp_cookie = $GLOBALS['tmp_cookie'];
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_URL, $url);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POST, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $datapost);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $tmp_cookie);
+	curl_setopt($curl, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $tmp_cookie);
+
+	$page = curl_exec($curl);
+	if (!$page) {
+		die("Could not get page: $url\n");
+	}
+	curl_close($curl);
+	return "$page";
+}
+
+/*
+ * Here starts this script: simulates the behavior of the user
+ * submitting forms to generates the database file.
+ * Note this simulation was made for the MediaWiki version 1.19.0,
+ * we can't assume it works with other versions.
+ *
+ */
+
+$page = get();
+if (!preg_match('/input type="hidden" value="([0-9]+)" name="LanguageRequestTime"/',
+		$page, $matches)) {
+	echo "Unexpected content for page downloaded:\n";
+	echo "$page";
+	die;
+};
+$timestamp = $matches[1];
+$language = "LanguageRequestTime=$timestamp&uselang=en&ContLang=en";
+$page = submit('Language', $language);
+
+submit('Welcome');
+
+$db_config = 'DBType=sqlite';
+$db_config = $db_config.'&sqlite_wgSQLiteDataDir='.$db_dir;
+$db_config = $db_config.'&sqlite_wgDBname='.$argv[1];
+submit('DBConnect', $db_config);
+
+$wiki_config = 'config_wgSitename=TEST';
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config__NamespaceType=site-name';
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config_wgMetaNamespace=MyWiki';
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config__AdminName='.$login;
+
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config__AdminPassword='.$pass;
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config__AdminPassword2='.$pass;
+
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&wiki__configEmail=email%40email.org';
+$wiki_config = $wiki_config.'&config__SkipOptional=skip';
+submit('Name', $wiki_config);
+submit('Install');
+submit('Install');
+
+unlink($tmp_cookie);
+?>
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/push-pull-tests.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/push-pull-tests.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9da2dc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/push-pull-tests.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+test_push_pull () {
+
+	test_expect_success 'Git pull works after adding a new wiki page' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_1 &&
+		wiki_editpage Foo "page created after the git clone" false &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_1 &&
+			git pull
+		) &&
+
+		wiki_getallpage ref_page_1 &&
+		test_diff_directories mw_dir_1 ref_page_1
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'Git pull works after editing a wiki page' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+
+		wiki_editpage Foo "page created before the git clone" false &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_2 &&
+		wiki_editpage Foo "new line added on the wiki" true &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_2 &&
+			git pull
+		) &&
+
+		wiki_getallpage ref_page_2 &&
+		test_diff_directories mw_dir_2 ref_page_2
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'git pull works on conflict handled by auto-merge' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+
+		wiki_editpage Foo "1 init
+3
+5
+	" false &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_3 &&
+
+		wiki_editpage Foo "1 init
+2 content added on wiki after clone
+3
+5
+	" false &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_3 &&
+		echo "1 init
+3
+4 content added on git after clone
+5
+" >Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -am "conflicting change on foo" &&
+			git pull &&
+			git push
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'Git push works after adding a file .mw' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_4 &&
+		wiki_getallpage ref_page_4 &&
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_4 &&
+			test_path_is_missing Foo.mw &&
+			touch Foo.mw &&
+			echo "hello world" >>Foo.mw &&
+			git add Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -m "Foo" &&
+			git push
+		) &&
+		wiki_getallpage ref_page_4 &&
+		test_diff_directories mw_dir_4 ref_page_4
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'Git push works after editing a file .mw' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+		wiki_editpage "Foo" "page created before the git clone" false &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_5 &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_5 &&
+			echo "new line added in the file Foo.mw" >>Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -am "edit file Foo.mw" &&
+			git push
+		) &&
+
+		wiki_getallpage ref_page_5 &&
+		test_diff_directories mw_dir_5 ref_page_5
+	'
+
+	test_expect_failure 'Git push works after deleting a file' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+		wiki_editpage Foo "wiki page added before git clone" false &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_6 &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_6 &&
+			git rm Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -am "page Foo.mw deleted" &&
+			git push
+		) &&
+
+		test_must_fail wiki_page_exist Foo
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'Merge conflict expected and solving it' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_7 &&
+		wiki_editpage Foo "1 conflict
+3 wiki
+4" false &&
+
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_7 &&
+		echo "1 conflict
+2 git
+4" >Foo.mw &&
+			git add Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -m "conflict created" &&
+			test_must_fail git pull &&
+			"$PERL_PATH" -pi -e "s/[<=>].*//g" Foo.mw &&
+			git commit -am "merge conflict solved" &&
+			git push
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_failure 'git pull works after deleting a wiki page' '
+		wiki_reset &&
+		wiki_editpage Foo "wiki page added before the git clone" false &&
+		git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_8 &&
+
+		wiki_delete_page Foo &&
+		(
+			cd mw_dir_8 &&
+			git pull &&
+			test_path_is_missing Foo.mw
+		)
+	'
+}
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..811a90c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9360-mw-to-git-clone.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+
+test_description='Test the Git Mediawiki remote helper: git clone'
+
+. ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+. $TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib.sh
+
+
+test_check_precond
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone creates the expected git log with one file' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this is not important" false -c cat -s "this must be the same" &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_1 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_1 &&
+		git log --format=%s HEAD^..HEAD >log.tmp
+	) &&
+	echo "this must be the same" >msg.tmp &&
+	diff -b mw_dir_1/log.tmp msg.tmp
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone creates the expected git log with multiple files' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage daddy "this is not important" false -s="this must be the same" &&
+	wiki_editpage daddy "neither is this" true -s="this must also be the same" &&
+	wiki_editpage daddy "neither is this" true -s="same same same" &&
+	wiki_editpage dj "dont care" false -s="identical" &&
+	wiki_editpage dj "dont care either" true -s="identical too" &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_2 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_2 &&
+		git log --format=%s Daddy.mw  >logDaddy.tmp &&
+		git log --format=%s Dj.mw >logDj.tmp
+	) &&
+	echo "same same same" >msgDaddy.tmp &&
+	echo "this must also be the same" >>msgDaddy.tmp &&
+	echo "this must be the same" >>msgDaddy.tmp &&
+	echo "identical too" >msgDj.tmp &&
+	echo "identical" >>msgDj.tmp &&
+	diff -b mw_dir_2/logDaddy.tmp msgDaddy.tmp &&
+	diff -b mw_dir_2/logDj.tmp msgDj.tmp
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone creates only Main_Page.mw with an empty wiki' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_3 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_3 1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_3/Main_Page.mw
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone does not fetch a deleted page' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page must be deleted before the clone" false &&
+	wiki_delete_page foo &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_4 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_4 1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_4/Main_Page.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_4/Foo.mw
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with page added' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo " I will be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "I will be cloned" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_5 &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_5 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_5 ref_page_5 &&
+	wiki_delete_page foo &&
+	wiki_delete_page bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with an edited page ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page will be edited" \
+		false -s "first edition of page foo"&&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page has been edited and must be on the clone " true &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_6 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_6/Foo.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_6/Main_Page.mw &&
+	wiki_getallpage mw_dir_6/page_ref_6 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_6 mw_dir_6/page_ref_6 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_6 &&
+		git log --format=%s HEAD^ Foo.mw > ../Foo.log
+	) &&
+	echo "first edition of page foo" > FooExpect.log &&
+	diff FooExpect.log Foo.log
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with several pages and some deleted ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page will not be deleted" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "I must not be erased" false &&
+	wiki_editpage namnam "I will not be there at the end" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyancat "nyan nyan nyan delete me" false &&
+	wiki_delete_page namnam &&
+	wiki_delete_page nyancat &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_7 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_7/Foo.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_7/Bar.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_7/Namnam.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_7/Nyancat.mw &&
+	wiki_getallpage mw_dir_7/page_ref_7 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_7 mw_dir_7/page_ref_7
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with one specific page cloned ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "I will not be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "Do not clone me" false &&
+	wiki_editpage namnam "I will be cloned :)" false  -s="this log must stay" &&
+	wiki_editpage nyancat "nyan nyan nyan you cant clone me" false &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=namnam \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_8 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_8 1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_8/Namnam.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_8/Main_Page.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_8 &&
+		echo "this log must stay" >msg.tmp &&
+		git log --format=%s >log.tmp &&
+		diff -b msg.tmp log.tmp
+	) &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_8/Namnam.mw Namnam
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with multiple specific page cloned ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "I will be there" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "I will not disapear" false &&
+	wiki_editpage namnam "I be erased" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyancat "nyan nyan nyan you will not erase me" false &&
+	wiki_delete_page namnam &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages="foo bar nyancat namnam" \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_9 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_9 3 &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_9/Namnam.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_9/Foo.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_9/Nyancat.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_9/Bar.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_9/Foo.mw Foo &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_9/Bar.mw Bar &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_9/Nyancat.mw Nyancat
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Mediawiki-clone of several specific pages on wiki' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "foo 1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "bar 1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage dummy "dummy 1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage cloned_1 "cloned_1 1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage cloned_2 "cloned_2 2" false &&
+	wiki_editpage cloned_3 "cloned_3 3" false &&
+	mkdir -p ref_page_10 &&
+	wiki_getpage cloned_1 ref_page_10 &&
+	wiki_getpage cloned_2 ref_page_10 &&
+	wiki_getpage cloned_3 ref_page_10 &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages="cloned_1 cloned_2 cloned_3" \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_10 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_10 ref_page_10
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with the shallow option' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "1st revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "1st revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyan "1st revision, should not be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyan "2nd revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	git -c remote.origin.shallow=true clone \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_11 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_11 4 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/Nyan.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/Foo.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/Bar.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/Main_Page.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_11 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Nyan.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Foo.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Bar.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Main_Page.mw | wc -l ` -eq 1
+	) &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_11/Nyan.mw Nyan &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_11/Foo.mw Foo &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_11/Bar.mw Bar &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_11/Main_Page.mw Main_Page
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with the shallow option with a delete page' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "1st revision, will be deleted" false &&
+	wiki_editpage bar "1st revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyan "1st revision, should not be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage nyan "2nd revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_delete_page foo &&
+	git -c remote.origin.shallow=true clone \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_12 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_12 3 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_12/Nyan.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_12/Foo.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_12/Bar.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_12/Main_Page.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_12 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Nyan.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Bar.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Main_Page.mw | wc -l ` -eq 1
+	) &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_12/Nyan.mw Nyan &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_12/Bar.mw Bar &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_12/Main_Page.mw Main_Page
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Test of fetching a category' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage Foo "I will be cloned" false -c=Category &&
+	wiki_editpage Bar "Meet me on the repository" false -c=Category &&
+	wiki_editpage Dummy "I will not come" false &&
+	wiki_editpage BarWrong "I will stay online only" false -c=NotCategory &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.categories="Category" \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_13 &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_13 Category &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_13 ref_page_13
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Test of resistance to modification of category on wiki for clone' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage Tobedeleted "this page will be deleted" false -c=Catone &&
+	wiki_editpage Tobeedited "this page will be modified" false -c=Catone &&
+	wiki_editpage Normalone "this page wont be modified and will be on git" false -c=Catone &&
+	wiki_editpage Notconsidered "this page will not appear on local" false &&
+	wiki_editpage Othercategory "this page will not appear on local" false -c=Cattwo &&
+	wiki_editpage Tobeedited "this page have been modified" true -c=Catone &&
+	wiki_delete_page Tobedeleted
+	git clone -c remote.origin.categories="Catone" \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_14 &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_14 Catone &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_14 ref_page_14
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9361-mw-to-git-push-pull.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9361-mw-to-git-push-pull.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9ea2014
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9361-mw-to-git-push-pull.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+# tests for git-remote-mediawiki
+
+test_description='Test the Git Mediawiki remote helper: git push and git pull simple test cases'
+
+. ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+. ./push-pull-tests.sh
+. $TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib.sh
+
+test_check_precond
+
+test_push_pull
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b6405ce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9362-mw-to-git-utf8.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+# tests for git-remote-mediawiki
+
+test_description='Test git-mediawiki with special characters in filenames'
+
+. ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+. $TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib.sh
+
+
+test_check_precond
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works for a wiki with accents in the page names' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage féé "This page must be délétéd before clone" false &&
+	wiki_editpage kèè "This page must be deleted before clone" false &&
+	wiki_editpage hàà "This page must be deleted before clone" false &&
+	wiki_editpage kîî "This page must be deleted before clone" false &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "This page must be deleted before clone" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_1 &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_1 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_1 ref_page_1
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git pull works with a wiki with accents in the pages names' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage kîî "this page must be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page must be cloned" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_2 &&
+	wiki_editpage éàîôû "This page must be pulled" false &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_2 &&
+		git pull
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_2 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_2 ref_page_2
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Cloning a chosen page works with accents' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage kîî "this page must be cloned" false &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=kîî \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_3 &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_3/Kîî.mw Kîî &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_3/Kîî.mw &&
+	rm -rf mw_dir_3
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'The shallow option works with accents' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage néoà "1st revision, should not be cloned" false &&
+	wiki_editpage néoà "2nd revision, should be cloned" false &&
+	git -c remote.origin.shallow=true clone \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_4 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_4 2 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_4/Néoà.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_4/Main_Page.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_4 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Néoà.mw | wc -l` -eq 1 &&
+		test `git log --oneline Main_Page.mw | wc -l ` -eq 1
+	) &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_4/Néoà.mw Néoà &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_4/Main_Page.mw Main_Page
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Cloning works when page name first letter has an accent' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage îî "this page must be cloned" false &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=îî \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_5 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_5/Îî.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_5/Îî.mw Îî
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Git push works with a wiki with accents' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage féé "lots of accents : éèàÖ" false &&
+	wiki_editpage foo "this page must be cloned" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_6 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_6 &&
+		echo "A wild Pîkächû appears on the wiki" >Pîkächû.mw &&
+		git add Pîkächû.mw &&
+		git commit -m "A new page appears" &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_6 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_6 ref_page_6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Git clone works with accentsand spaces' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage "é à î" "this page must be délété before the clone" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_7 &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_7 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_7 ref_page_7
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'character $ in page name (mw -> git)' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage file_\$_foo "expect to be called file_$_foo" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_8 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_8/File_\$_foo.mw &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_8 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_8 ref_page_8
+'
+
+
+
+test_expect_success 'character $ in file name (git -> mw) ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_9 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_9 &&
+		echo "this file is called File_\$_foo.mw" >File_\$_foo.mw &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -am "file File_\$_foo.mw" &&
+		git pull &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_9 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_9 ref_page_9
+'
+
+
+test_expect_failure 'capital at the begining of file names' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_10 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_10 &&
+		echo "my new file foo" >foo.mw &&
+		echo "my new file Foo... Finger crossed" >Foo.mw &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -am "file foo.mw" &&
+		git pull &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_10 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_10 ref_page_10
+'
+
+
+test_expect_failure 'special character at the begining of file name from mw to git' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_11 &&
+	wiki_editpage {char_1 "expect to be renamed {char_1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage [char_2 "expect to be renamed [char_2" false &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_11 &&
+		git pull
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/{char_1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/[char_2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Pull page with title containing ":" other than namespace separator' '
+	wiki_editpage Foo:Bar content false &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_11 &&
+		git pull
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_11/Foo:Bar.mw
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Push page with title containing ":" other than namespace separator' '
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_11 &&
+		echo content >NotANameSpace:Page.mw &&
+		git add NotANameSpace:Page.mw &&
+		git commit -m "add page with colon" &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_page_exist NotANameSpace:Page
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from mw to git' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_12 &&
+	wiki_editpage char_%_7b_1 "expect to be renamed char{_1" false &&
+	wiki_editpage char_%_5b_2 "expect to be renamed char{_2" false &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_12 &&
+		git pull
+	) &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_12/Char\{_1.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_12/Char\[_2.mw &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_12 &&
+	mv ref_page_12/Char_%_7b_1.mw ref_page_12/Char\{_1.mw &&
+	mv ref_page_12/Char_%_5b_2.mw ref_page_12/Char\[_2.mw &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_12 ref_page_12
+'
+
+
+test_expect_failure 'test of correct formating for file name begining with special character' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_13 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_13 &&
+		echo "my new file {char_1" >\{char_1.mw &&
+		echo "my new file [char_2" >\[char_2.mw &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -am "commiting some exotic file name..." &&
+		git push &&
+		git pull
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_13 &&
+	test_path_is_file ref_page_13/{char_1.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file ref_page_13/[char_2.mw &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_13 ref_page_13
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'test of correct formating for file name from git to mw' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_14 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_14 &&
+		echo "my new file char{_1" >Char\{_1.mw &&
+		echo "my new file char[_2" >Char\[_2.mw &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m "commiting some exotic file name..." &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_14 &&
+	mv mw_dir_14/Char\{_1.mw mw_dir_14/Char_%_7b_1.mw &&
+	mv mw_dir_14/Char\[_2.mw mw_dir_14/Char_%_5b_2.mw &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_14 ref_page_14
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone with /' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage \/fo\/o "this is not important" false -c=Deleted &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_15 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_15/%2Ffo%2Fo.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_15/%2Ffo%2Fo.mw \/fo\/o
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git push with /' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_16 &&
+	echo "I will be on the wiki" >mw_dir_16/%2Ffo%2Fo.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_16 &&
+		git add %2Ffo%2Fo.mw &&
+		git commit -m " %2Ffo%2Fo added" &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_page_exist \/fo\/o &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_16/%2Ffo%2Fo.mw \/fo\/o
+
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone with \' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage \\ko\\o "this is not important" false -c=Deleted &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_17 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_17/\\ko\\o.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_17/\\ko\\o.mw \\ko\\o
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git push with \' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_18 &&
+	echo "I will be on the wiki" >mw_dir_18/\\ko\\o.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_18 &&
+		git add \\ko\\o.mw &&
+		git commit -m " \\ko\\o added" &&
+		git push
+	)&&
+	wiki_page_exist \\ko\\o &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_18/\\ko\\o.mw \\ko\\o
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone with \ in format control' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage \\no\\o "this is not important" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_19 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_19/\\no\\o.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_19/\\no\\o.mw \\no\\o
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'git push with \ in format control' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_20 &&
+	echo "I will be on the wiki" >mw_dir_20/\\fo\\o.mw &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_20 &&
+		git add \\fo\\o.mw &&
+		git commit -m " \\fo\\o added" &&
+		git push
+	)&&
+	wiki_page_exist \\fo\\o &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_20/\\fo\\o.mw \\fo\\o
+
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-import meta-characters in page name (mw -> git)' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage \"file\"_\\_foo "expect to be called \"file\"_\\_foo" false &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_21 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_21/\"file\"_\\_foo.mw &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_21 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_21 ref_page_21
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-import meta-characters in page name (git -> mw) ' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_22 &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir_22 &&
+		echo "this file is called \"file\"_\\_foo.mw" >\"file\"_\\_foo &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -am "file \"file\"_\\_foo" &&
+		git pull &&
+		git push
+	) &&
+	wiki_getallpage ref_page_22 &&
+	test_diff_directories mw_dir_22 ref_page_22
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9363-mw-to-git-export-import.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9363-mw-to-git-export-import.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5a03739
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9363-mw-to-git-export-import.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+# tests for git-remote-mediawiki
+
+test_description='Test the Git Mediawiki remote helper: git push and git pull simple test cases'
+
+. ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+. $TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib.sh
+
+
+test_check_precond
+
+
+test_git_reimport () {
+	git -c remote.origin.dumbPush=true push &&
+	git -c remote.origin.mediaImport=true pull --rebase
+}
+
+# Don't bother with permissions, be administrator by default
+test_expect_success 'setup config' '
+	git config --global remote.origin.mwLogin WikiAdmin &&
+	git config --global remote.origin.mwPassword AdminPass &&
+	test_might_fail git config --global --unset remote.origin.mediaImport
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git push can upload media (File:) files' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		echo "hello world" >Foo.txt &&
+		git add Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "add a text file" &&
+		git push &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -e "print STDOUT \"binary content: \".chr(255);" >Foo.txt &&
+		git add Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "add a text file with binary content" &&
+		git push
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone works on previously created wiki with media files' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf mw_dir mw_dir_clone" &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.mediaimport=true \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_clone &&
+	test_cmp mw_dir_clone/Foo.txt mw_dir/Foo.txt &&
+	(cd mw_dir_clone && git checkout HEAD^) &&
+	(cd mw_dir && git checkout HEAD^) &&
+	test_cmp mw_dir_clone/Foo.txt mw_dir/Foo.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git push & pull work with locally renamed media files' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir" &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		echo "A File" >Foo.txt &&
+		git add Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "add a file" &&
+		git mv Foo.txt Bar.txt &&
+		git commit -m "Rename a file" &&
+		test_git_reimport &&
+		echo "A File" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect Bar.txt &&
+		test_path_is_missing Foo.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git push can propagate local page deletion' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir" &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		test_path_is_missing Foo.mw &&
+		echo "hello world" >Foo.mw &&
+		git add Foo.mw &&
+		git commit -m "Add the page Foo" &&
+		git push &&
+		rm -f Foo.mw &&
+		git commit -am "Delete the page Foo" &&
+		test_git_reimport &&
+		test_path_is_missing Foo.mw
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git push can propagate local media file deletion' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir" &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		echo "hello world" >Foo.txt &&
+		git add Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "Add the text file Foo" &&
+		git rm Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "Delete the file Foo" &&
+		test_git_reimport &&
+		test_path_is_missing Foo.txt
+	)
+'
+
+# test failure: the file is correctly uploaded, and then deleted but
+# as no page link to it, the import (which looks at page revisions)
+# doesn't notice the file deletion on the wiki. We fetch the list of
+# files from the wiki, but as the file is deleted, it doesn't appear.
+test_expect_failure 'git pull correctly imports media file deletion when no page link to it' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir" &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		echo "hello world" >Foo.txt &&
+		git add Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "Add the text file Foo" &&
+		git push &&
+		git rm Foo.txt &&
+		git commit -m "Delete the file Foo" &&
+		test_git_reimport &&
+		test_path_is_missing Foo.txt
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git push properly warns about insufficient permissions' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	git clone mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir" &&
+	(
+		cd mw_dir &&
+		echo "A File" >foo.forbidden &&
+		git add foo.forbidden &&
+		git commit -m "add a file" &&
+		git push 2>actual &&
+		test_i18ngrep "foo.forbidden is not a permitted file" actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup a repository with media files' '
+	wiki_reset &&
+	wiki_editpage testpage "I am linking a file [[File:File.txt]]" false &&
+	echo "File content" >File.txt &&
+	wiki_upload_file File.txt &&
+	echo "Another file content" >AnotherFile.txt &&
+	wiki_upload_file AnotherFile.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone works with one specific page cloned and mediaimport=true' '
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=testpage \
+		  -c remote.origin.mediaimport=true \
+			mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_15 &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf mw_dir_15" &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_15 3 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_15/Testpage.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_15/File:File.txt.mw &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_15/File.txt &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_15/Main_Page.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_15/File:AnotherFile.txt.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_15/AnothetFile.txt &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_15/Testpage.mw Testpage &&
+	test_cmp mw_dir_15/File.txt File.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git clone works with one specific page cloned and mediaimport=false' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf mw_dir_16" &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=testpage \
+			mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_16 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_16 1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_16/Testpage.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_16/File:File.txt.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_16/File.txt &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_16/Main_Page.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_16/Testpage.mw Testpage
+'
+
+# should behave like mediaimport=false
+test_expect_success 'git clone works with one specific page cloned and mediaimport unset' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -fr mw_dir_17" &&
+	git clone -c remote.origin.pages=testpage \
+		mediawiki::'"$WIKI_URL"' mw_dir_17 &&
+	test_contains_N_files mw_dir_17 1 &&
+	test_path_is_file mw_dir_17/Testpage.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_17/File:File.txt.mw &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_17/File.txt &&
+	test_path_is_missing mw_dir_17/Main_Page.mw &&
+	wiki_check_content mw_dir_17/Testpage.mw Testpage
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9364-pull-by-rev.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9364-pull-by-rev.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5c22457
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/t9364-pull-by-rev.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Test the Git Mediawiki remote helper: git pull by revision'
+
+. ./test-gitmw-lib.sh
+. ./push-pull-tests.sh
+. $TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib.sh
+
+test_check_precond
+
+test_expect_success 'configuration' '
+	git config --global mediawiki.fetchStrategy by_rev
+'
+
+test_push_pull
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw-lib.sh b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw-lib.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3b2cfac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw-lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,435 @@
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+#
+# CONFIGURATION VARIABLES
+# You might want to change these ones
+#
+
+. ./test.config
+
+WIKI_URL=http://"$SERVER_ADDR:$PORT/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+CURR_DIR=$(pwd)
+TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
+TEST_DIRECTORY="$CURR_DIR"/../../../t
+
+export TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY TEST_DIRECTORY CURR_DIR
+
+if test "$LIGHTTPD" = "false" ; then
+	PORT=80
+else
+	WIKI_DIR_INST="$CURR_DIR/$WEB_WWW"
+fi
+
+wiki_upload_file () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl upload_file "$@"
+}
+
+wiki_getpage () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl get_page "$@"
+}
+
+wiki_delete_page () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl delete_page "$@"
+}
+
+wiki_editpage () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl edit_page "$@"
+}
+
+die () {
+	die_with_status 1 "$@"
+}
+
+die_with_status () {
+	status=$1
+	shift
+	echo >&2 "$*"
+	exit "$status"
+}
+
+
+# Check the preconditions to run git-remote-mediawiki's tests
+test_check_precond () {
+	if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+	then
+		skip_all='skipping gateway git-mw tests, perl not available'
+		test_done
+	fi
+
+	if [ ! -f "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/git-remote-mediawiki ];
+	then
+		echo "No remote mediawiki for git found. Copying it in git"
+		echo "cp $GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki $GIT_BUILD_DIR/"
+		ln -s "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/contrib/mw-to-git/git-remote-mediawiki "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"
+	fi
+
+	if [ ! -d "$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME" ];
+	then
+		skip_all='skipping gateway git-mw tests, no mediawiki found'
+		test_done
+	fi
+}
+
+# test_diff_directories <dir_git> <dir_wiki>
+#
+# Compare the contents of directories <dir_git> and <dir_wiki> with diff
+# and errors if they do not match. The program will
+# not look into .git in the process.
+# Warning: the first argument MUST be the directory containing the git data
+test_diff_directories () {
+	rm -rf "$1_tmp"
+	mkdir -p "$1_tmp"
+	cp "$1"/*.mw "$1_tmp"
+	diff -r -b "$1_tmp" "$2"
+}
+
+# $1=<dir>
+# $2=<N>
+#
+# Check that <dir> contains exactly <N> files
+test_contains_N_files () {
+	if test `ls -- "$1" | wc -l` -ne "$2"; then
+		echo "directory $1 sould contain $2 files"
+		echo "it contains these files:"
+		ls "$1"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+
+# wiki_check_content <file_name> <page_name>
+#
+# Compares the contents of the file <file_name> and the wiki page
+# <page_name> and exits with error 1 if they do not match.
+wiki_check_content () {
+	mkdir -p wiki_tmp
+	wiki_getpage "$2" wiki_tmp
+	# replacement of forbidden character in file name
+	page_name=$(printf "%s\n" "$2" | sed -e "s/\//%2F/g")
+
+	diff -b "$1" wiki_tmp/"$page_name".mw
+	if test $? -ne 0
+	then
+		rm -rf wiki_tmp
+		error "ERROR: file $2 not found on wiki"
+	fi
+	rm -rf wiki_tmp
+}
+
+# wiki_page_exist <page_name>
+#
+# Check the existence of the page <page_name> on the wiki and exits
+# with error if it is absent from it.
+wiki_page_exist () {
+	mkdir -p wiki_tmp
+	wiki_getpage "$1" wiki_tmp
+	page_name=$(printf "%s\n" "$1" | sed "s/\//%2F/g")
+	if test -f wiki_tmp/"$page_name".mw ; then
+		rm -rf wiki_tmp
+	else
+		rm -rf wiki_tmp
+		error "test failed: file $1 not found on wiki"
+	fi
+}
+
+# wiki_getallpagename
+#
+# Fetch the name of each page on the wiki.
+wiki_getallpagename () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl getallpagename
+}
+
+# wiki_getallpagecategory <category>
+#
+# Fetch the name of each page belonging to <category> on the wiki.
+wiki_getallpagecategory () {
+	"$CURR_DIR"/test-gitmw.pl getallpagename "$@"
+}
+
+# wiki_getallpage <dest_dir> [<category>]
+#
+# Fetch all the pages from the wiki and place them in the directory
+# <dest_dir>.
+# If <category> is define, then wiki_getallpage fetch the pages included
+# in <category>.
+wiki_getallpage () {
+	if test -z "$2";
+	then
+		wiki_getallpagename
+	else
+		wiki_getallpagecategory "$2"
+	fi
+	mkdir -p "$1"
+	while read -r line; do
+		wiki_getpage "$line" $1;
+	done < all.txt
+}
+
+# ================= Install part =================
+
+error () {
+	echo "$@" >&2
+	exit 1
+}
+
+# config_lighttpd
+#
+# Create the configuration files and the folders necessary to start lighttpd.
+# Overwrite any existing file.
+config_lighttpd () {
+	mkdir -p $WEB
+	mkdir -p $WEB_TMP
+	mkdir -p $WEB_WWW
+	cat > $WEB/lighttpd.conf <<EOF
+	server.document-root = "$CURR_DIR/$WEB_WWW"
+	server.port = $PORT
+	server.pid-file = "$CURR_DIR/$WEB_TMP/pid"
+
+	server.modules = (
+	"mod_rewrite",
+	"mod_redirect",
+	"mod_access",
+	"mod_accesslog",
+	"mod_fastcgi"
+	)
+
+	index-file.names = ("index.php" , "index.html")
+
+	mimetype.assign		    = (
+	".pdf"		=>	"application/pdf",
+	".sig"		=>	"application/pgp-signature",
+	".spl"		=>	"application/futuresplash",
+	".class"	=>	"application/octet-stream",
+	".ps"		=>	"application/postscript",
+	".torrent"	=>	"application/x-bittorrent",
+	".dvi"		=>	"application/x-dvi",
+	".gz"		=>	"application/x-gzip",
+	".pac"		=>	"application/x-ns-proxy-autoconfig",
+	".swf"		=>	"application/x-shockwave-flash",
+	".tar.gz"	=>	"application/x-tgz",
+	".tgz"		=>	"application/x-tgz",
+	".tar"		=>	"application/x-tar",
+	".zip"		=>	"application/zip",
+	".mp3"		=>	"audio/mpeg",
+	".m3u"		=>	"audio/x-mpegurl",
+	".wma"		=>	"audio/x-ms-wma",
+	".wax"		=>	"audio/x-ms-wax",
+	".ogg"		=>	"application/ogg",
+	".wav"		=>	"audio/x-wav",
+	".gif"		=>	"image/gif",
+	".jpg"		=>	"image/jpeg",
+	".jpeg"		=>	"image/jpeg",
+	".png"		=>	"image/png",
+	".xbm"		=>	"image/x-xbitmap",
+	".xpm"		=>	"image/x-xpixmap",
+	".xwd"		=>	"image/x-xwindowdump",
+	".css"		=>	"text/css",
+	".html"		=>	"text/html",
+	".htm"		=>	"text/html",
+	".js"		=>	"text/javascript",
+	".asc"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".c"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".cpp"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".log"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".conf"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".text"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".txt"		=>	"text/plain",
+	".dtd"		=>	"text/xml",
+	".xml"		=>	"text/xml",
+	".mpeg"		=>	"video/mpeg",
+	".mpg"		=>	"video/mpeg",
+	".mov"		=>	"video/quicktime",
+	".qt"		=>	"video/quicktime",
+	".avi"		=>	"video/x-msvideo",
+	".asf"		=>	"video/x-ms-asf",
+	".asx"		=>	"video/x-ms-asf",
+	".wmv"		=>	"video/x-ms-wmv",
+	".bz2"		=>	"application/x-bzip",
+	".tbz"		=>	"application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+	".tar.bz2"	=>	"application/x-bzip-compressed-tar",
+	""		=>	"text/plain"
+	)
+
+	fastcgi.server = ( ".php" =>
+	("localhost" =>
+	( "socket" => "$CURR_DIR/$WEB_TMP/php.socket",
+	"bin-path" => "$PHP_DIR/php-cgi -c $CURR_DIR/$WEB/php.ini"
+
+	)
+	)
+	)
+EOF
+
+	cat > $WEB/php.ini <<EOF
+	session.save_path ='$CURR_DIR/$WEB_TMP'
+EOF
+}
+
+# start_lighttpd
+#
+# Start or restart daemon lighttpd. If restart, rewrite configuration files.
+start_lighttpd () {
+	if test -f "$WEB_TMP/pid"; then
+		echo "Instance already running. Restarting..."
+		stop_lighttpd
+	fi
+	config_lighttpd
+	"$LIGHTTPD_DIR"/lighttpd -f "$WEB"/lighttpd.conf
+
+	if test $? -ne 0 ; then
+		echo "Could not execute http deamon lighttpd"
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
+# stop_lighttpd
+#
+# Kill daemon lighttpd and removes files and folders associated.
+stop_lighttpd () {
+	test -f "$WEB_TMP/pid" && kill $(cat "$WEB_TMP/pid")
+	rm -rf "$WEB"
+}
+
+# Create the SQLite database of the MediaWiki. If the database file already
+# exists, it will be deleted.
+# This script should be runned from the directory where $FILES_FOLDER is
+# located.
+create_db () {
+	rm -f "$TMP/$DB_FILE"
+
+	echo "Generating the SQLite database file. It can take some time ..."
+	# Run the php script to generate the SQLite database file
+	# with cURL calls.
+	php "$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_INSTALL_SCRIPT" $(basename "$DB_FILE" .sqlite) \
+		"$WIKI_ADMIN" "$WIKI_PASSW" "$TMP" "$PORT"
+
+	if [ ! -f "$TMP/$DB_FILE" ] ; then
+		error "Can't create database file $TMP/$DB_FILE. Try to run ./install-wiki.sh delete first."
+	fi
+
+	# Copy the generated database file into the directory the
+	# user indicated.
+	cp "$TMP/$DB_FILE" "$FILES_FOLDER" ||
+		error "Unable to copy $TMP/$DB_FILE to $FILES_FOLDER"
+}
+
+# Install a wiki in your web server directory.
+wiki_install () {
+	if test $LIGHTTPD = "true" ; then
+		start_lighttpd
+	fi
+
+	SERVER_ADDR=$SERVER_ADDR:$PORT
+	# In this part, we change directory to $TMP in order to download,
+	# unpack and copy the files of MediaWiki
+	(
+	mkdir -p "$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+	if [ ! -d "$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME" ] ; then
+		error "Folder $WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME doesn't exist.
+		Please create it and launch the script again."
+	fi
+
+	# Fetch MediaWiki's archive if not already present in the TMP directory
+	cd "$TMP"
+	if [ ! -f "$MW_VERSION.tar.gz" ] ; then
+		echo "Downloading $MW_VERSION sources ..."
+		wget "http://download.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.19/mediawiki-1.19.0.tar.gz" ||
+			error "Unable to download "\
+			"http://download.wikimedia.org/mediawiki/1.19/"\
+			"mediawiki-1.19.0.tar.gz. "\
+			"Please fix your connection and launch the script again."
+		echo "$MW_VERSION.tar.gz downloaded in `pwd`. "\
+			"You can delete it later if you want."
+	else
+		echo "Reusing existing $MW_VERSION.tar.gz downloaded in `pwd`."
+	fi
+	archive_abs_path=$(pwd)/"$MW_VERSION.tar.gz"
+	cd "$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME/" ||
+		error "can't cd to $WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME/"
+	tar xzf "$archive_abs_path" --strip-components=1 ||
+		error "Unable to extract WikiMedia's files from $archive_abs_path to "\
+			"$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+	) || exit 1
+
+	create_db
+
+	# Copy the generic LocalSettings.php in the web server's directory
+	# And modify parameters according to the ones set at the top
+	# of this script.
+	# Note that LocalSettings.php is never modified.
+	if [ ! -f "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings.php" ] ; then
+		error "Can't find $FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings.php " \
+			"in the current folder. "\
+		"Please run the script inside its folder."
+	fi
+	cp "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings.php" \
+		"$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" ||
+		error "Unable to copy $FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings.php " \
+		"to $FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php"
+
+	# Parse and set the LocalSettings file of the user according to the
+	# CONFIGURATION VARIABLES section at the beginning of this script
+	file_swap="$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-swap.php"
+	sed "s,@WG_SCRIPT_PATH@,/$WIKI_DIR_NAME," \
+		"$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" > "$file_swap"
+	mv "$file_swap" "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php"
+	sed "s,@WG_SERVER@,http://$SERVER_ADDR," \
+		"$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" > "$file_swap"
+	mv "$file_swap" "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php"
+	sed "s,@WG_SQLITE_DATADIR@,$TMP," \
+		"$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" > "$file_swap"
+	mv "$file_swap" "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php"
+	sed "s,@WG_SQLITE_DATAFILE@,$( basename $DB_FILE .sqlite)," \
+		"$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" > "$file_swap"
+	mv "$file_swap" "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php"
+
+	mv "$FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" \
+		"$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME/LocalSettings.php" ||
+		error "Unable to move $FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings-tmp.php" \
+		"in $WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+	echo "File $FILES_FOLDER/LocalSettings.php is set in" \
+		" $WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+
+	echo "Your wiki has been installed. You can check it at
+		http://$SERVER_ADDR/$WIKI_DIR_NAME"
+}
+
+# Reset the database of the wiki and the password of the admin
+#
+# Warning: This function must be called only in a subdirectory of t/ directory
+wiki_reset () {
+	# Copy initial database of the wiki
+	if [ ! -f "../$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE" ] ; then
+		error "Can't find ../$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE in the current folder."
+	fi
+	cp "../$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE" "$TMP" ||
+		error "Can't copy ../$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE in $TMP"
+	echo "File $FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE is set in $TMP"
+}
+
+# Delete the wiki created in the web server's directory and all its content
+# saved in the database.
+wiki_delete () {
+	if test $LIGHTTPD = "true"; then
+		stop_lighttpd
+	else
+		# Delete the wiki's directory.
+		rm -rf "$WIKI_DIR_INST/$WIKI_DIR_NAME" ||
+			error "Wiki's directory $WIKI_DIR_INST/" \
+			"$WIKI_DIR_NAME could not be deleted"
+		# Delete the wiki's SQLite database.
+		rm -f "$TMP/$DB_FILE" ||
+			error "Database $TMP/$DB_FILE could not be deleted."
+	fi
+
+	# Delete the wiki's SQLite database
+	rm -f "$TMP/$DB_FILE" || error "Database $TMP/$DB_FILE could not be deleted."
+	rm -f "$FILES_FOLDER/$DB_FILE"
+	rm -rf "$TMP/$MW_VERSION"
+}
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw.pl b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0ff7625
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test-gitmw.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,225 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl -w -s
+# Copyright (C) 2012
+#     Charles Roussel <charles.roussel@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Cathebras <simon.cathebras@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Julien Khayat <julien.khayat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Guillaume Sasdy <guillaume.sasdy@ensimag.imag.fr>
+#     Simon Perrat <simon.perrat@ensimag.imag.fr>
+# License: GPL v2 or later
+
+# Usage:
+#       ./test-gitmw.pl <command> [argument]*
+# Execute in terminal using the name of the function to call as first
+# parameter, and the function's arguments as following parameters
+#
+# Example:
+#     ./test-gitmw.pl "get_page" foo .
+# will call <wiki_getpage> with arguments <foo> and <.>
+#
+# Available functions are:
+#     "get_page"
+#     "delete_page"
+#     "edit_page"
+#     "getallpagename"
+
+use MediaWiki::API;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use encoding 'utf8';
+use DateTime::Format::ISO8601;
+use open ':encoding(utf8)';
+use constant SLASH_REPLACEMENT => "%2F";
+
+#Parsing of the config file
+
+my $configfile = "$ENV{'CURR_DIR'}/test.config";
+my %config;
+open my $CONFIG, "<",  $configfile or die "can't open $configfile: $!";
+while (<$CONFIG>)
+{
+	chomp;
+	s/#.*//;
+	s/^\s+//;
+	s/\s+$//;
+	next unless length;
+	my ($key, $value) = split (/\s*=\s*/,$_, 2);
+	$config{$key} = $value;
+	last if ($key eq 'LIGHTTPD' and $value eq 'false');
+	last if ($key eq 'PORT');
+}
+close $CONFIG or die "can't close $configfile: $!";
+
+my $wiki_address = "http://$config{'SERVER_ADDR'}".":"."$config{'PORT'}";
+my $wiki_url = "$wiki_address/$config{'WIKI_DIR_NAME'}/api.php";
+my $wiki_admin = "$config{'WIKI_ADMIN'}";
+my $wiki_admin_pass = "$config{'WIKI_PASSW'}";
+my $mw = MediaWiki::API->new;
+$mw->{config}->{api_url} = $wiki_url;
+
+
+# wiki_login <name> <password>
+#
+# Logs the user with <name> and <password> in the global variable
+# of the mediawiki $mw
+sub wiki_login {
+	$mw->login( { lgname => "$_[0]",lgpassword => "$_[1]" } )
+	|| die "getpage: login failed";
+}
+
+# wiki_getpage <wiki_page> <dest_path>
+#
+# fetch a page <wiki_page> from the wiki referenced in the global variable
+# $mw and copies its content in directory dest_path
+sub wiki_getpage {
+	my $pagename = $_[0];
+	my $destdir = $_[1];
+
+	my $page = $mw->get_page( { title => $pagename } );
+	if (!defined($page)) {
+		die "getpage: wiki does not exist";
+	}
+
+	my $content = $page->{'*'};
+	if (!defined($content)) {
+		die "getpage: page does not exist";
+	}
+
+	$pagename=$page->{'title'};
+	# Replace spaces by underscore in the page name
+	$pagename =~ s/ /_/g;
+	$pagename =~ s/\//%2F/g;
+	open(my $file, ">$destdir/$pagename.mw");
+	print $file "$content";
+	close ($file);
+
+}
+
+# wiki_delete_page <page_name>
+#
+# delete the page with name <page_name> from the wiki referenced
+# in the global variable $mw
+sub wiki_delete_page {
+	my $pagename = $_[0];
+
+	my $exist=$mw->get_page({title => $pagename});
+
+	if (defined($exist->{'*'})){
+		$mw->edit({ action => 'delete',
+				title => $pagename})
+		|| die $mw->{error}->{code} . ": " . $mw->{error}->{details};
+	} else {
+		die "no page with such name found: $pagename\n";
+	}
+}
+
+# wiki_editpage <wiki_page> <wiki_content> <wiki_append> [-c=<category>] [-s=<summary>]
+#
+# Edit a page named <wiki_page> with content <wiki_content> on the wiki
+# referenced with the global variable $mw
+# If <wiki_append> == true : append <wiki_content> at the end of the actual
+# content of the page <wiki_page>
+# If <wik_page> doesn't exist, that page is created with the <wiki_content>
+sub wiki_editpage {
+	my $wiki_page = $_[0];
+	my $wiki_content = $_[1];
+	my $wiki_append = $_[2];
+	my $summary = "";
+	my ($summ, $cat) = ();
+	GetOptions('s=s' => \$summ, 'c=s' => \$cat);
+
+	my $append = 0;
+	if (defined($wiki_append) && $wiki_append eq 'true') {
+		$append=1;
+	}
+
+	my $previous_text ="";
+
+	if ($append) {
+		my $ref = $mw->get_page( { title => $wiki_page } );
+		$previous_text = $ref->{'*'};
+	}
+
+	my $text = $wiki_content;
+	if (defined($previous_text)) {
+		$text="$previous_text$text";
+	}
+
+	# Eventually, add this page to a category.
+	if (defined($cat)) {
+		my $category_name="[[Category:$cat]]";
+		$text="$text\n $category_name";
+	}
+	if(defined($summ)){
+		$summary=$summ;
+	}
+
+	$mw->edit( { action => 'edit', title => $wiki_page, summary => $summary, text => "$text"} );
+}
+
+# wiki_getallpagename [<category>]
+#
+# Fetch all pages of the wiki referenced by the global variable $mw
+# and print the names of each one in the file all.txt with a new line
+# ("\n") between these.
+# If the argument <category> is defined, then this function get only the pages
+# belonging to <category>.
+sub wiki_getallpagename {
+	# fetch the pages of the wiki
+	if (defined($_[0])) {
+		my $mw_pages = $mw->list ( { action => 'query',
+				list => 'categorymembers',
+				cmtitle => "Category:$_[0]",
+				cmnamespace => 0,
+				cmlimit => 500 },
+		)
+		|| die $mw->{error}->{code}.": ".$mw->{error}->{details};
+		open(my $file, ">all.txt");
+		foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+			print $file "$page->{title}\n";
+		}
+		close ($file);
+
+	} else {
+		my $mw_pages = $mw->list({
+				action => 'query',
+				list => 'allpages',
+				aplimit => 500,
+			})
+		|| die $mw->{error}->{code}.": ".$mw->{error}->{details};
+		open(my $file, ">all.txt");
+		foreach my $page (@{$mw_pages}) {
+			print $file "$page->{title}\n";
+		}
+		close ($file);
+	}
+}
+
+sub wiki_upload_file {
+	my $file_name = $_[0];
+	my $resultat = $mw->edit ( {
+		action => 'upload',
+		filename => $file_name,
+		comment => 'upload a file',
+		file => [ $file_name ],
+		ignorewarnings=>1,
+	}, {
+		skip_encoding => 1
+	} ) || die $mw->{error}->{code} . ' : ' . $mw->{error}->{details};
+}
+
+
+
+# Main part of this script: parse the command line arguments
+# and select which function to execute
+my $fct_to_call = shift;
+
+wiki_login($wiki_admin, $wiki_admin_pass);
+
+my %functions_to_call = qw(
+	upload_file    wiki_upload_file
+	get_page       wiki_getpage
+	delete_page    wiki_delete_page
+	edit_page      wiki_editpage
+	getallpagename wiki_getallpagename
+);
+die "$0 ERROR: wrong argument" unless exists $functions_to_call{$fct_to_call};
+&{$functions_to_call{$fct_to_call}}(@ARGV);
diff --git a/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test.config b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test.config
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..958b37b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/mw-to-git/t/test.config
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+# Name of the web server's directory dedicated to the wiki is WIKI_DIR_NAME
+WIKI_DIR_NAME=wiki
+
+# Login and password of the wiki's admin
+WIKI_ADMIN=WikiAdmin
+WIKI_PASSW=AdminPass
+
+# Address of the web server
+SERVER_ADDR=localhost
+
+# SQLite database of the wiki, named DB_FILE, is located in TMP
+TMP=/tmp
+DB_FILE=wikidb.sqlite
+
+# If LIGHTTPD is not set to true, the script will use the defaut
+# web server running in WIKI_DIR_INST.
+WIKI_DIR_INST=/var/www
+
+# If LIGHTTPD is set to true, the script will use Lighttpd to run
+# the wiki.
+LIGHTTPD=true
+
+# The variables below are useful only if LIGHTTPD is set to true.
+PORT=1234
+PHP_DIR=/usr/bin
+LIGHTTPD_DIR=/usr/sbin
+WEB=WEB
+WEB_TMP=$WEB/tmp
+WEB_WWW=$WEB/www
+
+# The variables below are used by the script to install a wiki.
+# You should not modify these unless you are modifying the script itself.
+MW_VERSION=mediawiki-1.19.0
+FILES_FOLDER=install-wiki
+DB_INSTALL_SCRIPT=db_install.php
diff --git a/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
index b6e534b..593d6a0 100644
--- a/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
+++ b/contrib/p4import/git-p4import.py
@@ -14,6 +14,11 @@
 import time
 import getopt
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02020000:
+   # The behavior of the marshal module changed significantly in 2.2
+   sys.stderr.write("git-p4import.py: requires Python 2.2 or later.\n")
+   sys.exit(1)
+
 from signal import signal, \
    SIGPIPE, SIGINT, SIG_DFL, \
    default_int_handler
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/LICENSE b/contrib/persistent-https/LICENSE
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d645695
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/LICENSE
@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+
+                                 Apache License
+                           Version 2.0, January 2004
+                        http://www.apache.org/licenses/
+
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR USE, REPRODUCTION, AND DISTRIBUTION
+
+   1. Definitions.
+
+      "License" shall mean the terms and conditions for use, reproduction,
+      and distribution as defined by Sections 1 through 9 of this document.
+
+      "Licensor" shall mean the copyright owner or entity authorized by
+      the copyright owner that is granting the License.
+
+      "Legal Entity" shall mean the union of the acting entity and all
+      other entities that control, are controlled by, or are under common
+      control with that entity. For the purposes of this definition,
+      "control" means (i) the power, direct or indirect, to cause the
+      direction or management of such entity, whether by contract or
+      otherwise, or (ii) ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of the
+      outstanding shares, or (iii) beneficial ownership of such entity.
+
+      "You" (or "Your") shall mean an individual or Legal Entity
+      exercising permissions granted by this License.
+
+      "Source" form shall mean the preferred form for making modifications,
+      including but not limited to software source code, documentation
+      source, and configuration files.
+
+      "Object" form shall mean any form resulting from mechanical
+      transformation or translation of a Source form, including but
+      not limited to compiled object code, generated documentation,
+      and conversions to other media types.
+
+      "Work" shall mean the work of authorship, whether in Source or
+      Object form, made available under the License, as indicated by a
+      copyright notice that is included in or attached to the work
+      (an example is provided in the Appendix below).
+
+      "Derivative Works" shall mean any work, whether in Source or Object
+      form, that is based on (or derived from) the Work and for which the
+      editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications
+      represent, as a whole, an original work of authorship. For the purposes
+      of this License, Derivative Works shall not include works that remain
+      separable from, or merely link (or bind by name) to the interfaces of,
+      the Work and Derivative Works thereof.
+
+      "Contribution" shall mean any work of authorship, including
+      the original version of the Work and any modifications or additions
+      to that Work or Derivative Works thereof, that is intentionally
+      submitted to Licensor for inclusion in the Work by the copyright owner
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+      to the Licensor or its representatives, including but not limited to
+      communication on electronic mailing lists, source code control systems,
+      and issue tracking systems that are managed by, or on behalf of, the
+      Licensor for the purpose of discussing and improving the Work, but
+      excluding communication that is conspicuously marked or otherwise
+      designated in writing by the copyright owner as "Not a Contribution."
+
+      "Contributor" shall mean Licensor and any individual or Legal Entity
+      on behalf of whom a Contribution has been received by Licensor and
+      subsequently incorporated within the Work.
+
+   2. Grant of Copyright License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
+      this License, each Contributor hereby grants to You a perpetual,
+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      copyright license to reproduce, prepare Derivative Works of,
+      publicly display, publicly perform, sublicense, and distribute the
+      Work and such Derivative Works in Source or Object form.
+
+   3. Grant of Patent License. Subject to the terms and conditions of
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+      worldwide, non-exclusive, no-charge, royalty-free, irrevocable
+      (except as stated in this section) patent license to make, have made,
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+      Contribution(s) alone or by combination of their Contribution(s)
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+      institute patent litigation against any entity (including a
+      cross-claim or counterclaim in a lawsuit) alleging that the Work
+      or a Contribution incorporated within the Work constitutes direct
+      or contributory patent infringement, then any patent licenses
+      granted to You under this License for that Work shall terminate
+      as of the date such litigation is filed.
+
+   4. Redistribution. You may reproduce and distribute copies of the
+      Work or Derivative Works thereof in any medium, with or without
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+      meet the following conditions:
+
+      (a) You must give any other recipients of the Work or
+          Derivative Works a copy of this License; and
+
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+          stating that You changed the files; and
+
+      (c) You must retain, in the Source form of any Derivative Works
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+      (d) If the Work includes a "NOTICE" text file as part of its
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+          include a readable copy of the attribution notices contained
+          within such NOTICE file, excluding those notices that do not
+          pertain to any part of the Derivative Works, in at least one
+          of the following places: within a NOTICE text file distributed
+          as part of the Derivative Works; within the Source form or
+          documentation, if provided along with the Derivative Works; or,
+          within a display generated by the Derivative Works, if and
+          wherever such third-party notices normally appear. The contents
+          of the NOTICE file are for informational purposes only and
+          do not modify the License. You may add Your own attribution
+          notices within Derivative Works that You distribute, alongside
+          or as an addendum to the NOTICE text from the Work, provided
+          that such additional attribution notices cannot be construed
+          as modifying the License.
+
+      You may add Your own copyright statement to Your modifications and
+      may provide additional or different license terms and conditions
+      for use, reproduction, or distribution of Your modifications, or
+      for any such Derivative Works as a whole, provided Your use,
+      reproduction, and distribution of the Work otherwise complies with
+      the conditions stated in this License.
+
+   5. Submission of Contributions. Unless You explicitly state otherwise,
+      any Contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the Work
+      by You to the Licensor shall be under the terms and conditions of
+      this License, without any additional terms or conditions.
+      Notwithstanding the above, nothing herein shall supersede or modify
+      the terms of any separate license agreement you may have executed
+      with Licensor regarding such Contributions.
+
+   6. Trademarks. This License does not grant permission to use the trade
+      names, trademarks, service marks, or product names of the Licensor,
+      except as required for reasonable and customary use in describing the
+      origin of the Work and reproducing the content of the NOTICE file.
+
+   7. Disclaimer of Warranty. Unless required by applicable law or
+      agreed to in writing, Licensor provides the Work (and each
+      Contributor provides its Contributions) on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+      WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or
+      implied, including, without limitation, any warranties or conditions
+      of TITLE, NON-INFRINGEMENT, MERCHANTABILITY, or FITNESS FOR A
+      PARTICULAR PURPOSE. You are solely responsible for determining the
+      appropriateness of using or redistributing the Work and assume any
+      risks associated with Your exercise of permissions under this License.
+
+   8. Limitation of Liability. In no event and under no legal theory,
+      whether in tort (including negligence), contract, or otherwise,
+      unless required by applicable law (such as deliberate and grossly
+      negligent acts) or agreed to in writing, shall any Contributor be
+      liable to You for damages, including any direct, indirect, special,
+      incidental, or consequential damages of any character arising as a
+      result of this License or out of the use or inability to use the
+      Work (including but not limited to damages for loss of goodwill,
+      work stoppage, computer failure or malfunction, or any and all
+      other commercial damages or losses), even if such Contributor
+      has been advised of the possibility of such damages.
+
+   9. Accepting Warranty or Additional Liability. While redistributing
+      the Work or Derivative Works thereof, You may choose to offer,
+      and charge a fee for, acceptance of support, warranty, indemnity,
+      or other liability obligations and/or rights consistent with this
+      License. However, in accepting such obligations, You may act only
+      on Your own behalf and on Your sole responsibility, not on behalf
+      of any other Contributor, and only if You agree to indemnify,
+      defend, and hold each Contributor harmless for any liability
+      incurred by, or claims asserted against, such Contributor by reason
+      of your accepting any such warranty or additional liability.
+
+   END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+   APPENDIX: How to apply the Apache License to your work.
+
+      To apply the Apache License to your work, attach the following
+      boilerplate notice, with the fields enclosed by brackets "[]"
+      replaced with your own identifying information. (Don't include
+      the brackets!)  The text should be enclosed in the appropriate
+      comment syntax for the file format. We also recommend that a
+      file or class name and description of purpose be included on the
+      same "printed page" as the copyright notice for easier
+      identification within third-party archives.
+
+   Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
+
+   Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+   you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+   You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile b/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..92baa3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+# Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+BUILD_LABEL=$(shell date +"%s")
+TAR_OUT=$(shell go env GOOS)_$(shell go env GOARCH).tar.gz
+
+all: git-remote-persistent-https git-remote-persistent-https--proxy \
+	git-remote-persistent-http
+
+git-remote-persistent-https--proxy: git-remote-persistent-https
+	ln -f -s git-remote-persistent-https git-remote-persistent-https--proxy
+
+git-remote-persistent-http: git-remote-persistent-https
+	ln -f -s git-remote-persistent-https git-remote-persistent-http
+
+git-remote-persistent-https:
+	go build -o git-remote-persistent-https \
+		-ldflags "-X main._BUILD_EMBED_LABEL $(BUILD_LABEL)"
+
+clean:
+	rm -f git-remote-persistent-http* *.tar.gz
+
+tar: clean all
+	@chmod 555 git-remote-persistent-https
+	@tar -czf $(TAR_OUT) git-remote-persistent-http* README LICENSE
+	@echo
+	@echo "Created $(TAR_OUT)"
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/README b/contrib/persistent-https/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f784dd2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/README
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+git-remote-persistent-https
+
+The git-remote-persistent-https binary speeds up SSL operations
+by running a daemon job (git-remote-persistent-https--proxy) that
+keeps a connection open to a server.
+
+
+PRE-BUILT BINARIES
+
+Darwin amd64:
+https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-remote-persistent-https/darwin_amd64.tar.gz
+
+Linux amd64:
+https://commondatastorage.googleapis.com/git-remote-persistent-https/linux_amd64.tar.gz
+
+
+INSTALLING
+
+Move all of the git-remote-persistent-http* binaries to a directory
+in PATH.
+
+
+USAGE
+
+HTTPS requests can be delegated to the proxy by using the
+"persistent-https" scheme, e.g.
+
+git clone persistent-https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/git/git
+
+Likewise, .gitconfig can be updated as follows to rewrite https urls
+to use persistent-https:
+
+[url "persistent-https"]
+	insteadof = https
+[url "persistent-http"]
+	insteadof = http
+
+
+#####################################################################
+# BUILDING FROM SOURCE
+#####################################################################
+
+LOCATION
+
+The source is available in the contrib/persistent-https directory of
+the Git source repository. The Git source repository is available at
+git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git/
+https://kernel.googlesource.com/pub/scm/git/git
+
+
+PREREQUISITES
+
+The code is written in Go (http://golang.org/) and the Go compiler is
+required. Currently, the compiler must be built and installed from tip
+of source, in order to include a fix in the reverse http proxy:
+http://code.google.com/p/go/source/detail?r=a615b796570a2cd8591884767a7d67ede74f6648
+
+
+BUILDING
+
+Run "make" to build the binaries. See the section on
+INSTALLING above.
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/client.go b/contrib/persistent-https/client.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..71125b5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/client.go
@@ -0,0 +1,189 @@
+// Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"bufio"
+	"errors"
+	"fmt"
+	"net"
+	"net/url"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"strings"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type Client struct {
+	ProxyBin string
+	Args     []string
+
+	insecure bool
+}
+
+func (c *Client) Run() error {
+	if err := c.resolveArgs(); err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("resolveArgs() got error: %v", err)
+	}
+
+	// Connect to the proxy.
+	uconn, hconn, addr, err := c.connect()
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("connect() got error: %v", err)
+	}
+	// Keep the unix socket connection open for the duration of the request.
+	defer uconn.Close()
+	// Keep a connection to the HTTP server open, so no other user can
+	// bind on the same address so long as the process is running.
+	defer hconn.Close()
+
+	// Start the git-remote-http subprocess.
+	cargs := []string{"-c", fmt.Sprintf("http.proxy=%v", addr), "remote-http"}
+	cargs = append(cargs, c.Args...)
+	cmd := exec.Command("git", cargs...)
+
+	for _, v := range os.Environ() {
+		if !strings.HasPrefix(v, "GIT_PERSISTENT_HTTPS_SECURE=") {
+			cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, v)
+		}
+	}
+	// Set the GIT_PERSISTENT_HTTPS_SECURE environment variable when
+	// the proxy is using a SSL connection.  This allows credential helpers
+	// to identify secure proxy connections, despite being passed an HTTP
+	// scheme.
+	if !c.insecure {
+		cmd.Env = append(cmd.Env, "GIT_PERSISTENT_HTTPS_SECURE=1")
+	}
+
+	cmd.Stdin = os.Stdin
+	cmd.Stdout = os.Stdout
+	cmd.Stderr = os.Stderr
+	if err := cmd.Run(); err != nil {
+		if eerr, ok := err.(*exec.ExitError); ok {
+			if stat, ok := eerr.ProcessState.Sys().(syscall.WaitStatus); ok && stat.ExitStatus() != 0 {
+				os.Exit(stat.ExitStatus())
+			}
+		}
+		return fmt.Errorf("git-remote-http subprocess got error: %v", err)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
+
+func (c *Client) connect() (uconn net.Conn, hconn net.Conn, addr string, err error) {
+	uconn, err = DefaultSocket.Dial()
+	if err != nil {
+		if e, ok := err.(*net.OpError); ok && (os.IsNotExist(e.Err) || e.Err == syscall.ECONNREFUSED) {
+			if err = c.startProxy(); err == nil {
+				uconn, err = DefaultSocket.Dial()
+			}
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return
+		}
+	}
+
+	if addr, err = c.readAddr(uconn); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Open a tcp connection to the proxy.
+	if hconn, err = net.Dial("tcp", addr); err != nil {
+		return
+	}
+
+	// Verify the address hasn't changed ownership.
+	var addr2 string
+	if addr2, err = c.readAddr(uconn); err != nil {
+		return
+	} else if addr != addr2 {
+		err = fmt.Errorf("address changed after connect. got %q, want %q", addr2, addr)
+		return
+	}
+	return
+}
+
+func (c *Client) readAddr(conn net.Conn) (string, error) {
+	conn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second))
+	data := make([]byte, 100)
+	n, err := conn.Read(data)
+	if err != nil {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("error reading unix socket: %v", err)
+	} else if n == 0 {
+		return "", errors.New("empty data response")
+	}
+	conn.Write([]byte{1}) // Ack
+
+	var addr string
+	if addrs := strings.Split(string(data[:n]), "\n"); len(addrs) != 2 {
+		return "", fmt.Errorf("got %q, wanted 2 addresses", data[:n])
+	} else if c.insecure {
+		addr = addrs[1]
+	} else {
+		addr = addrs[0]
+	}
+	return addr, nil
+}
+
+func (c *Client) startProxy() error {
+	cmd := exec.Command(c.ProxyBin)
+	cmd.SysProcAttr = &syscall.SysProcAttr{Setpgid: true}
+	stdout, err := cmd.StdoutPipe()
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	defer stdout.Close()
+	if err := cmd.Start(); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	result := make(chan error)
+	go func() {
+		bytes, _, err := bufio.NewReader(stdout).ReadLine()
+		if line := string(bytes); err == nil && line != "OK" {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("proxy returned %q, want \"OK\"", line)
+		}
+		result <- err
+	}()
+	select {
+	case err := <-result:
+		return err
+	case <-time.After(5 * time.Second):
+		return errors.New("timeout waiting for proxy to start")
+	}
+	panic("not reachable")
+}
+
+func (c *Client) resolveArgs() error {
+	if nargs := len(c.Args); nargs == 0 {
+		return errors.New("remote needed")
+	} else if nargs > 2 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("want at most 2 args, got %v", c.Args)
+	}
+
+	// Rewrite the url scheme to be http.
+	idx := len(c.Args) - 1
+	rawurl := c.Args[idx]
+	rurl, err := url.Parse(rawurl)
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("invalid remote: %v", err)
+	}
+	c.insecure = rurl.Scheme == "persistent-http"
+	rurl.Scheme = "http"
+	c.Args[idx] = rurl.String()
+	if idx != 0 && c.Args[0] == rawurl {
+		c.Args[0] = c.Args[idx]
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/main.go b/contrib/persistent-https/main.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd1b107
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/main.go
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+// Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+// The git-remote-persistent-https binary speeds up SSL operations by running
+// a daemon job that keeps a connection open to a Git server. This ensures the
+// git-remote-persistent-https--proxy is running and delegating execution
+// to the git-remote-http binary with the http_proxy set to the daemon job.
+// A unix socket is used to authenticate the proxy and discover the
+// HTTP address. Note, both the client and proxy are included in the same
+// binary.
+package main
+
+import (
+	"flag"
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"os"
+	"strings"
+	"time"
+)
+
+var (
+	forceProxy = flag.Bool("proxy", false, "Whether to start the binary in proxy mode")
+	proxyBin   = flag.String("proxy_bin", "git-remote-persistent-https--proxy", "Path to the proxy binary")
+	printLabel = flag.Bool("print_label", false, "Prints the build label for the binary")
+
+	// Variable that should be defined through the -X linker flag.
+	_BUILD_EMBED_LABEL string
+)
+
+const (
+	defaultMaxIdleDuration    = 24 * time.Hour
+	defaultPollUpdateInterval = 15 * time.Minute
+)
+
+func main() {
+	flag.Parse()
+	if *printLabel {
+		// Short circuit execution to print the build label
+		fmt.Println(buildLabel())
+		return
+	}
+
+	var err error
+	if *forceProxy || strings.HasSuffix(os.Args[0], "--proxy") {
+		log.SetPrefix("git-remote-persistent-https--proxy: ")
+		proxy := &Proxy{
+			BuildLabel:         buildLabel(),
+			MaxIdleDuration:    defaultMaxIdleDuration,
+			PollUpdateInterval: defaultPollUpdateInterval,
+		}
+		err = proxy.Run()
+	} else {
+		log.SetPrefix("git-remote-persistent-https: ")
+		client := &Client{
+			ProxyBin: *proxyBin,
+			Args:     flag.Args(),
+		}
+		err = client.Run()
+	}
+	if err != nil {
+		log.Fatalln(err)
+	}
+}
+
+func buildLabel() string {
+	if _BUILD_EMBED_LABEL == "" {
+		log.Println(`unlabeled build; build with "make" to label`)
+	}
+	return _BUILD_EMBED_LABEL
+}
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/proxy.go b/contrib/persistent-https/proxy.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bb0cdba
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/proxy.go
@@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
+// Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"net/http"
+	"net/http/httputil"
+	"os"
+	"os/exec"
+	"os/signal"
+	"sync"
+	"syscall"
+	"time"
+)
+
+type Proxy struct {
+	BuildLabel         string
+	MaxIdleDuration    time.Duration
+	PollUpdateInterval time.Duration
+
+	ul        net.Listener
+	httpAddr  string
+	httpsAddr string
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) Run() error {
+	hl, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("http listen failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer hl.Close()
+
+	hsl, err := net.Listen("tcp", "127.0.0.1:0")
+	if err != nil {
+		return fmt.Errorf("https listen failed: %v", err)
+	}
+	defer hsl.Close()
+
+	p.ul, err = DefaultSocket.Listen()
+	if err != nil {
+		c, derr := DefaultSocket.Dial()
+		if derr == nil {
+			c.Close()
+			fmt.Println("OK\nA proxy is already running... exiting")
+			return nil
+		} else if e, ok := derr.(*net.OpError); ok && e.Err == syscall.ECONNREFUSED {
+			// Nothing is listening on the socket, unlink it and try again.
+			syscall.Unlink(DefaultSocket.Path())
+			p.ul, err = DefaultSocket.Listen()
+		}
+		if err != nil {
+			return fmt.Errorf("unix listen failed on %v: %v", DefaultSocket.Path(), err)
+		}
+	}
+	defer p.ul.Close()
+	go p.closeOnSignal()
+	go p.closeOnUpdate()
+
+	p.httpAddr = hl.Addr().String()
+	p.httpsAddr = hsl.Addr().String()
+	fmt.Printf("OK\nListening on unix socket=%v http=%v https=%v\n",
+		p.ul.Addr(), p.httpAddr, p.httpsAddr)
+
+	result := make(chan error, 2)
+	go p.serveUnix(result)
+	go func() {
+		result <- http.Serve(hl, &httputil.ReverseProxy{
+			FlushInterval: 500 * time.Millisecond,
+			Director:      func(r *http.Request) {},
+		})
+	}()
+	go func() {
+		result <- http.Serve(hsl, &httputil.ReverseProxy{
+			FlushInterval: 500 * time.Millisecond,
+			Director: func(r *http.Request) {
+				r.URL.Scheme = "https"
+			},
+		})
+	}()
+	return <-result
+}
+
+type socketContext struct {
+	sync.WaitGroup
+	mutex sync.Mutex
+	last  time.Time
+}
+
+func (sc *socketContext) Done() {
+	sc.mutex.Lock()
+	defer sc.mutex.Unlock()
+	sc.last = time.Now()
+	sc.WaitGroup.Done()
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) serveUnix(result chan<- error) {
+	sockCtx := &socketContext{}
+	go p.closeOnIdle(sockCtx)
+
+	var err error
+	for {
+		var uconn net.Conn
+		uconn, err = p.ul.Accept()
+		if err != nil {
+			err = fmt.Errorf("accept failed: %v", err)
+			break
+		}
+		sockCtx.Add(1)
+		go p.handleUnixConn(sockCtx, uconn)
+	}
+	sockCtx.Wait()
+	result <- err
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) handleUnixConn(sockCtx *socketContext, uconn net.Conn) {
+	defer sockCtx.Done()
+	defer uconn.Close()
+	data := []byte(fmt.Sprintf("%v\n%v", p.httpsAddr, p.httpAddr))
+	uconn.SetDeadline(time.Now().Add(5 * time.Second))
+	for i := 0; i < 2; i++ {
+		if n, err := uconn.Write(data); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("error sending http addresses: %+v\n", err)
+			return
+		} else if n != len(data) {
+			log.Printf("sent %d data bytes, wanted %d\n", n, len(data))
+			return
+		}
+		if _, err := uconn.Read([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0}); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("error waiting for Ack: %+v\n", err)
+			return
+		}
+	}
+	// Wait without a deadline for the client to finish via EOF
+	uconn.SetDeadline(time.Time{})
+	uconn.Read([]byte{0, 0, 0, 0})
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) closeOnIdle(sockCtx *socketContext) {
+	for d := p.MaxIdleDuration; d > 0; {
+		time.Sleep(d)
+		sockCtx.Wait()
+		sockCtx.mutex.Lock()
+		if d = sockCtx.last.Add(p.MaxIdleDuration).Sub(time.Now()); d <= 0 {
+			log.Println("graceful shutdown from idle timeout")
+			p.ul.Close()
+		}
+		sockCtx.mutex.Unlock()
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) closeOnUpdate() {
+	for {
+		time.Sleep(p.PollUpdateInterval)
+		if out, err := exec.Command(os.Args[0], "--print_label").Output(); err != nil {
+			log.Printf("error polling for updated binary: %v\n", err)
+		} else if s := string(out[:len(out)-1]); p.BuildLabel != s {
+			log.Printf("graceful shutdown from updated binary: %q --> %q\n", p.BuildLabel, s)
+			p.ul.Close()
+			break
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+func (p *Proxy) closeOnSignal() {
+	ch := make(chan os.Signal, 10)
+	signal.Notify(ch, os.Interrupt, os.Kill, os.Signal(syscall.SIGTERM), os.Signal(syscall.SIGHUP))
+	sig := <-ch
+	p.ul.Close()
+	switch sig {
+	case os.Signal(syscall.SIGHUP):
+		log.Printf("graceful shutdown from signal: %v\n", sig)
+	default:
+		log.Fatalf("exiting from signal: %v\n", sig)
+	}
+}
diff --git a/contrib/persistent-https/socket.go b/contrib/persistent-https/socket.go
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..193b911
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/persistent-https/socket.go
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+// Copyright 2012 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved.
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+package main
+
+import (
+	"fmt"
+	"log"
+	"net"
+	"os"
+	"path/filepath"
+	"syscall"
+)
+
+// A Socket is a wrapper around a Unix socket that verifies directory
+// permissions.
+type Socket struct {
+	Dir string
+}
+
+func defaultDir() string {
+	sockPath := ".git-credential-cache"
+	if home := os.Getenv("HOME"); home != "" {
+		return filepath.Join(home, sockPath)
+	}
+	log.Printf("socket: cannot find HOME path. using relative directory %q for socket", sockPath)
+	return sockPath
+}
+
+// DefaultSocket is a Socket in the $HOME/.git-credential-cache directory.
+var DefaultSocket = Socket{Dir: defaultDir()}
+
+// Listen announces the local network address of the unix socket. The
+// permissions on the socket directory are verified before attempting
+// the actual listen.
+func (s Socket) Listen() (net.Listener, error) {
+	network, addr := "unix", s.Path()
+	if err := s.mkdir(); err != nil {
+		return nil, &net.OpError{Op: "listen", Net: network, Addr: &net.UnixAddr{Name: addr, Net: network}, Err: err}
+	}
+	return net.Listen(network, addr)
+}
+
+// Dial connects to the unix socket. The permissions on the socket directory
+// are verified before attempting the actual dial.
+func (s Socket) Dial() (net.Conn, error) {
+	network, addr := "unix", s.Path()
+	if err := s.checkPermissions(); err != nil {
+		return nil, &net.OpError{Op: "dial", Net: network, Addr: &net.UnixAddr{Name: addr, Net: network}, Err: err}
+	}
+	return net.Dial(network, addr)
+}
+
+// Path returns the fully specified file name of the unix socket.
+func (s Socket) Path() string {
+	return filepath.Join(s.Dir, "persistent-https-proxy-socket")
+}
+
+func (s Socket) mkdir() error {
+	if err := s.checkPermissions(); err == nil {
+		return nil
+	} else if !os.IsNotExist(err) {
+		return err
+	}
+	if err := os.MkdirAll(s.Dir, 0700); err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	return s.checkPermissions()
+}
+
+func (s Socket) checkPermissions() error {
+	fi, err := os.Stat(s.Dir)
+	if err != nil {
+		return err
+	}
+	if !fi.IsDir() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("socket: got file, want directory for %q", s.Dir)
+	}
+	if fi.Mode().Perm() != 0700 {
+		return fmt.Errorf("socket: got perm %o, want 700 for %q", fi.Mode().Perm(), s.Dir)
+	}
+	if st := fi.Sys().(*syscall.Stat_t); int(st.Uid) != os.Getuid() {
+		return fmt.Errorf("socket: got uid %d, want %d for %q", st.Uid, os.Getuid(), s.Dir)
+	}
+	return nil
+}
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile b/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a76575
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+TESTS := $(wildcard test*.sh)
+
+export T := $(addprefix $(CURDIR)/,$(TESTS))
+export MAKE := $(MAKE) -e
+export PATH := $(CURDIR):$(PATH)
+
+test:
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../t $@
+
+$(TESTS):
+	$(MAKE) -C ../../t $(CURDIR)/$@
+
+.PHONY: $(TESTS)
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c5822e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-bzr
@@ -0,0 +1,725 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+#
+# Just copy to your ~/bin, or anywhere in your $PATH.
+# Then you can clone with:
+# % git clone bzr::/path/to/bzr/repo/or/url
+#
+# For example:
+# % git clone bzr::$HOME/myrepo
+# or
+# % git clone bzr::lp:myrepo
+#
+
+import sys
+
+import bzrlib
+if hasattr(bzrlib, "initialize"):
+    bzrlib.initialize()
+
+import bzrlib.plugin
+bzrlib.plugin.load_plugins()
+
+import bzrlib.generate_ids
+import bzrlib.transport
+
+import sys
+import os
+import json
+import re
+import StringIO
+
+NAME_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+)')
+AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+?)? ?<([^<>]*)>$')
+RAW_AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^(\w+) (.+)? <(.*)> (\d+) ([+-]\d+)')
+
+def die(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('ERROR: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+def warn(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('WARNING: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+
+def gittz(tz):
+    return '%+03d%02d' % (tz / 3600, tz % 3600 / 60)
+
+class Marks:
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+        self.tips = {}
+        self.marks = {}
+        self.rev_marks = {}
+        self.last_mark = 0
+        self.load()
+
+    def load(self):
+        if not os.path.exists(self.path):
+            return
+
+        tmp = json.load(open(self.path))
+        self.tips = tmp['tips']
+        self.marks = tmp['marks']
+        self.last_mark = tmp['last-mark']
+
+        for rev, mark in self.marks.iteritems():
+            self.rev_marks[mark] = rev
+
+    def dict(self):
+        return { 'tips': self.tips, 'marks': self.marks, 'last-mark' : self.last_mark }
+
+    def store(self):
+        json.dump(self.dict(), open(self.path, 'w'))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.dict())
+
+    def from_rev(self, rev):
+        return self.marks[rev]
+
+    def to_rev(self, mark):
+        return self.rev_marks[mark]
+
+    def next_mark(self):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        return self.last_mark
+
+    def get_mark(self, rev):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        self.marks[rev] = self.last_mark
+        return self.last_mark
+
+    def is_marked(self, rev):
+        return self.marks.has_key(rev)
+
+    def new_mark(self, rev, mark):
+        self.marks[rev] = mark
+        self.rev_marks[mark] = rev
+        self.last_mark = mark
+
+    def get_tip(self, branch):
+        return self.tips.get(branch, None)
+
+    def set_tip(self, branch, tip):
+        self.tips[branch] = tip
+
+class Parser:
+
+    def __init__(self, repo):
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def get_line(self):
+        return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        return self.line.split()[i]
+
+    def check(self, word):
+        return self.line.startswith(word)
+
+    def each_block(self, separator):
+        while self.line != separator:
+            yield self.line
+            self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.each_block('')
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+        if self.line == 'done':
+            self.line = None
+
+    def get_mark(self):
+        i = self.line.index(':') + 1
+        return int(self.line[i:])
+
+    def get_data(self):
+        if not self.check('data'):
+            return None
+        i = self.line.index(' ') + 1
+        size = int(self.line[i:])
+        return sys.stdin.read(size)
+
+    def get_author(self):
+        m = RAW_AUTHOR_RE.match(self.line)
+        if not m:
+            return None
+        _, name, email, date, tz = m.groups()
+        committer = '%s <%s>' % (name, email)
+        tz = int(tz)
+        tz = ((tz / 100) * 3600) + ((tz % 100) * 60)
+        return (committer, int(date), tz)
+
+def rev_to_mark(rev):
+    global marks
+    return marks.from_rev(rev)
+
+def mark_to_rev(mark):
+    global marks
+    return marks.to_rev(mark)
+
+def fixup_user(user):
+    name = mail = None
+    user = user.replace('"', '')
+    m = AUTHOR_RE.match(user)
+    if m:
+        name = m.group(1)
+        mail = m.group(2).strip()
+    else:
+        m = NAME_RE.match(user)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1).strip()
+
+    return '%s <%s>' % (name, mail)
+
+def get_filechanges(cur, prev):
+    modified = {}
+    removed = {}
+
+    changes = cur.changes_from(prev)
+
+    for path, fid, kind in changes.added:
+        modified[path] = fid
+    for path, fid, kind in changes.removed:
+        removed[path] = None
+    for path, fid, kind, mod, _ in changes.modified:
+        modified[path] = fid
+    for oldpath, newpath, fid, kind, mod, _ in changes.renamed:
+        removed[oldpath] = None
+        modified[newpath] = fid
+
+    return modified, removed
+
+def export_files(tree, files):
+    global marks, filenodes
+
+    final = []
+    for path, fid in files.iteritems():
+        kind = tree.kind(fid)
+
+        h = tree.get_file_sha1(fid)
+
+        if kind == 'symlink':
+            d = tree.get_symlink_target(fid)
+            mode = '120000'
+        elif kind == 'file':
+
+            if tree.is_executable(fid):
+                mode = '100755'
+            else:
+                mode = '100644'
+
+            # is the blog already exported?
+            if h in filenodes:
+                mark = filenodes[h]
+                final.append((mode, mark, path))
+                continue
+
+            d = tree.get_file_text(fid)
+        elif kind == 'directory':
+            continue
+        else:
+            die("Unhandled kind '%s' for path '%s'" % (kind, path))
+
+        mark = marks.next_mark()
+        filenodes[h] = mark
+
+        print "blob"
+        print "mark :%u" % mark
+        print "data %d" % len(d)
+        print d
+
+        final.append((mode, mark, path))
+
+    return final
+
+def export_branch(branch, name):
+    global prefix, dirname
+
+    ref = '%s/heads/%s' % (prefix, name)
+    tip = marks.get_tip(name)
+
+    repo = branch.repository
+    repo.lock_read()
+    revs = branch.iter_merge_sorted_revisions(None, tip, 'exclude', 'forward')
+    count = 0
+
+    revs = [revid for revid, _, _, _ in revs if not marks.is_marked(revid)]
+
+    for revid in revs:
+
+        rev = repo.get_revision(revid)
+
+        parents = rev.parent_ids
+        time = rev.timestamp
+        tz = rev.timezone
+        committer = rev.committer.encode('utf-8')
+        committer = "%s %u %s" % (fixup_user(committer), time, gittz(tz))
+        author = committer
+        msg = rev.message.encode('utf-8')
+
+        msg += '\n'
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            parent = bzrlib.revision.NULL_REVISION
+        else:
+            parent = parents[0]
+
+        cur_tree = repo.revision_tree(revid)
+        prev = repo.revision_tree(parent)
+        modified, removed = get_filechanges(cur_tree, prev)
+
+        modified_final = export_files(cur_tree, modified)
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            print 'reset %s' % ref
+
+        print "commit %s" % ref
+        print "mark :%d" % (marks.get_mark(revid))
+        print "author %s" % (author)
+        print "committer %s" % (committer)
+        print "data %d" % (len(msg))
+        print msg
+
+        for i, p in enumerate(parents):
+            try:
+                m = rev_to_mark(p)
+            except KeyError:
+                # ghost?
+                continue
+            if i == 0:
+                print "from :%s" % m
+            else:
+                print "merge :%s" % m
+
+        for f in modified_final:
+            print "M %s :%u %s" % f
+        for f in removed:
+            print "D %s" % (f)
+        print
+
+        count += 1
+        if (count % 100 == 0):
+            print "progress revision %s (%d/%d)" % (revid, count, len(revs))
+            print "#############################################################"
+
+    repo.unlock()
+
+    revid = branch.last_revision()
+
+    # make sure the ref is updated
+    print "reset %s" % ref
+    print "from :%u" % rev_to_mark(revid)
+    print
+
+    marks.set_tip(name, revid)
+
+def export_tag(repo, name):
+    global tags
+    try:
+        print "reset refs/tags/%s" % name
+        print "from :%u" % rev_to_mark(tags[name])
+        print
+    except KeyError:
+        warn("TODO: fetch tag '%s'" % name)
+
+def do_import(parser):
+    global dirname
+
+    branch = parser.repo
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    print "feature done"
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "feature import-marks=%s" % path
+    print "feature export-marks=%s" % path
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    while parser.check('import'):
+        ref = parser[1]
+        if ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+            name = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+            export_branch(branch, name)
+        if ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
+            name = ref[len('refs/tags/'):]
+            export_tag(branch, name)
+        parser.next()
+
+    print 'done'
+
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+def parse_blob(parser):
+    global blob_marks
+
+    parser.next()
+    mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    blob_marks[mark] = data
+    parser.next()
+
+class CustomTree():
+
+    def __init__(self, repo, revid, parents, files):
+        global files_cache
+
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.revid = revid
+        self.parents = parents
+        self.updates = {}
+
+        def copy_tree(revid):
+            files = files_cache[revid] = {}
+            tree = repo.repository.revision_tree(revid)
+            repo.lock_read()
+            try:
+                for path, entry in tree.iter_entries_by_dir():
+                    files[path] = entry.file_id
+            finally:
+                repo.unlock()
+            return files
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            self.base_id = bzrlib.revision.NULL_REVISION
+            self.base_files = {}
+        else:
+            self.base_id = parents[0]
+            self.base_files = files_cache.get(self.base_id, None)
+            if not self.base_files:
+                self.base_files = copy_tree(self.base_id)
+
+        self.files = files_cache[revid] = self.base_files.copy()
+
+        for path, f in files.iteritems():
+            fid = self.files.get(path, None)
+            if not fid:
+                fid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_file_id(path)
+            f['path'] = path
+            self.updates[fid] = f
+
+    def last_revision(self):
+        return self.base_id
+
+    def iter_changes(self):
+        changes = []
+
+        def get_parent(dirname, basename):
+            parent_fid = self.base_files.get(dirname, None)
+            if parent_fid:
+                return parent_fid
+            parent_fid = self.files.get(dirname, None)
+            if parent_fid:
+                return parent_fid
+            if basename == '':
+                return None
+            fid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_file_id(path)
+            d = add_entry(fid, dirname, 'directory')
+            return fid
+
+        def add_entry(fid, path, kind, mode = None):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+
+            executable = False
+            if mode == '100755':
+                executable = True
+            elif mode == '120000':
+                kind = 'symlink'
+
+            change = (fid,
+                    (None, path),
+                    True,
+                    (False, True),
+                    (None, parent_fid),
+                    (None, basename),
+                    (None, kind),
+                    (None, executable))
+            self.files[path] = change[0]
+            changes.append(change)
+            return change
+
+        def update_entry(fid, path, kind, mode = None):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+
+            executable = False
+            if mode == '100755':
+                executable = True
+            elif mode == '120000':
+                kind = 'symlink'
+
+            change = (fid,
+                    (path, path),
+                    True,
+                    (True, True),
+                    (None, parent_fid),
+                    (None, basename),
+                    (None, kind),
+                    (None, executable))
+            self.files[path] = change[0]
+            changes.append(change)
+            return change
+
+        def remove_entry(fid, path, kind):
+            dirname, basename = os.path.split(path)
+            parent_fid = get_parent(dirname, basename)
+            change = (fid,
+                    (path, None),
+                    True,
+                    (True, False),
+                    (parent_fid, None),
+                    (None, None),
+                    (None, None),
+                    (None, None))
+            del self.files[path]
+            changes.append(change)
+            return change
+
+        for fid, f in self.updates.iteritems():
+            path = f['path']
+
+            if 'deleted' in f:
+                remove_entry(fid, path, 'file')
+                continue
+
+            if path in self.base_files:
+                update_entry(fid, path, 'file', f['mode'])
+            else:
+                add_entry(fid, path, 'file', f['mode'])
+
+        return changes
+
+    def get_file_with_stat(self, file_id, path=None):
+        return (StringIO.StringIO(self.updates[file_id]['data']), None)
+
+    def get_symlink_target(self, file_id):
+        return self.updates[file_id]['data']
+
+def parse_commit(parser):
+    global marks, blob_marks, bmarks, parsed_refs
+    global mode
+
+    parents = []
+
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+
+    if ref != 'refs/heads/master':
+        die("bzr doesn't support multiple branches; use 'master'")
+
+    commit_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    author = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    committer = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    parser.next()
+    if parser.check('from'):
+        parents.append(parser.get_mark())
+        parser.next()
+    while parser.check('merge'):
+        parents.append(parser.get_mark())
+        parser.next()
+
+    files = {}
+
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('M'):
+            t, m, mark_ref, path = line.split(' ', 3)
+            mark = int(mark_ref[1:])
+            f = { 'mode' : m, 'data' : blob_marks[mark] }
+        elif parser.check('D'):
+            t, path = line.split(' ')
+            f = { 'deleted' : True }
+        else:
+            die('Unknown file command: %s' % line)
+        files[path] = f
+
+    repo = parser.repo
+
+    committer, date, tz = committer
+    parents = [str(mark_to_rev(p)) for p in parents]
+    revid = bzrlib.generate_ids.gen_revision_id(committer, date)
+    props = {}
+    props['branch-nick'] = repo.nick
+
+    mtree = CustomTree(repo, revid, parents, files)
+    changes = mtree.iter_changes()
+
+    repo.lock_write()
+    try:
+        builder = repo.get_commit_builder(parents, None, date, tz, committer, props, revid)
+        try:
+            list(builder.record_iter_changes(mtree, mtree.last_revision(), changes))
+            builder.finish_inventory()
+            builder.commit(data.decode('utf-8', 'replace'))
+        except Exception, e:
+            builder.abort()
+            raise
+    finally:
+        repo.unlock()
+
+    parsed_refs[ref] = revid
+    marks.new_mark(revid, commit_mark)
+
+def parse_reset(parser):
+    global parsed_refs
+
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+
+    if ref != 'refs/heads/master':
+        die("bzr doesn't support multiple branches; use 'master'")
+
+    # ugh
+    if parser.check('commit'):
+        parse_commit(parser)
+        return
+    if not parser.check('from'):
+        return
+    from_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+
+    parsed_refs[ref] = mark_to_rev(from_mark)
+
+def do_export(parser):
+    global parsed_refs, dirname, peer
+
+    parser.next()
+
+    for line in parser.each_block('done'):
+        if parser.check('blob'):
+            parse_blob(parser)
+        elif parser.check('commit'):
+            parse_commit(parser)
+        elif parser.check('reset'):
+            parse_reset(parser)
+        elif parser.check('tag'):
+            pass
+        elif parser.check('feature'):
+            pass
+        else:
+            die('unhandled export command: %s' % line)
+
+    repo = parser.repo
+
+    for ref, revid in parsed_refs.iteritems():
+        if ref == 'refs/heads/master':
+            repo.generate_revision_history(revid, marks.get_tip('master'))
+            revno, revid = repo.last_revision_info()
+            if peer:
+                if hasattr(peer, "import_last_revision_info_and_tags"):
+                    peer.import_last_revision_info_and_tags(repo, revno, revid)
+                else:
+                    peer.import_last_revision_info(repo.repository, revno, revid)
+                wt = peer.bzrdir.open_workingtree()
+            else:
+                wt = repo.bzrdir.open_workingtree()
+            wt.update()
+        print "ok %s" % ref
+    print
+
+def do_capabilities(parser):
+    global dirname
+
+    print "import"
+    print "export"
+    print "refspec refs/heads/*:%s/heads/*" % prefix
+
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "*import-marks %s" % path
+    print "*export-marks %s" % path
+
+    print
+
+def do_list(parser):
+    global tags
+    print "? refs/heads/%s" % 'master'
+    for tag, revid in parser.repo.tags.get_tag_dict().items():
+        print "? refs/tags/%s" % tag
+        tags[tag] = revid
+    print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % 'master'
+    print
+
+def get_repo(url, alias):
+    global dirname, peer
+
+    origin = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(url)
+    branch = origin.open_branch()
+
+    if not isinstance(origin.transport, bzrlib.transport.local.LocalTransport):
+        clone_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'clone')
+        remote_branch = branch
+        if os.path.exists(clone_path):
+            # pull
+            d = bzrlib.bzrdir.BzrDir.open(clone_path)
+            branch = d.open_branch()
+            result = branch.pull(remote_branch, [], None, False)
+        else:
+            # clone
+            d = origin.sprout(clone_path, None,
+                    hardlink=True, create_tree_if_local=False,
+                    source_branch=remote_branch)
+            branch = d.open_branch()
+            branch.bind(remote_branch)
+
+        peer = remote_branch
+    else:
+        peer = None
+
+    return branch
+
+def main(args):
+    global marks, prefix, dirname
+    global tags, filenodes
+    global blob_marks
+    global parsed_refs
+    global files_cache
+
+    alias = args[1]
+    url = args[2]
+
+    prefix = 'refs/bzr/%s' % alias
+    tags = {}
+    filenodes = {}
+    blob_marks = {}
+    parsed_refs = {}
+    files_cache = {}
+
+    gitdir = os.environ['GIT_DIR']
+    dirname = os.path.join(gitdir, 'bzr', alias)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
+
+    repo = get_repo(url, alias)
+
+    marks_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-int')
+    marks = Marks(marks_path)
+
+    parser = Parser(repo)
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('capabilities'):
+            do_capabilities(parser)
+        elif parser.check('list'):
+            do_list(parser)
+        elif parser.check('import'):
+            do_import(parser)
+        elif parser.check('export'):
+            do_export(parser)
+        else:
+            die('unhandled command: %s' % line)
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    marks.store()
+
+sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..328c2dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/git-remote-hg
@@ -0,0 +1,805 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+# Inspired by Rocco Rutte's hg-fast-export
+
+# Just copy to your ~/bin, or anywhere in your $PATH.
+# Then you can clone with:
+# git clone hg::/path/to/mercurial/repo/
+
+from mercurial import hg, ui, bookmarks, context, util, encoding
+
+import re
+import sys
+import os
+import json
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import urllib
+
+#
+# If you want to switch to hg-git compatibility mode:
+# git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
+#
+# git:
+# Sensible defaults for git.
+# hg bookmarks are exported as git branches, hg branches are prefixed
+# with 'branches/', HEAD is a special case.
+#
+# hg:
+# Emulate hg-git.
+# Only hg bookmarks are exported as git branches.
+# Commits are modified to preserve hg information and allow bidirectionality.
+#
+
+NAME_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+)')
+AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^([^<>]+?)? ?<([^<>]*)>$')
+AUTHOR_HG_RE = re.compile('^(.*?) ?<(.*?)(?:>(.+)?)?$')
+RAW_AUTHOR_RE = re.compile('^(\w+) (?:(.+)? )?<(.*)> (\d+) ([+-]\d+)')
+
+def die(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('ERROR: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+def warn(msg, *args):
+    sys.stderr.write('WARNING: %s\n' % (msg % args))
+
+def gitmode(flags):
+    return 'l' in flags and '120000' or 'x' in flags and '100755' or '100644'
+
+def gittz(tz):
+    return '%+03d%02d' % (-tz / 3600, -tz % 3600 / 60)
+
+def hgmode(mode):
+    m = { '100755': 'x', '120000': 'l' }
+    return m.get(mode, '')
+
+def get_config(config):
+    cmd = ['git', 'config', '--get', config]
+    process = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+    output, _ = process.communicate()
+    return output
+
+class Marks:
+
+    def __init__(self, path):
+        self.path = path
+        self.tips = {}
+        self.marks = {}
+        self.rev_marks = {}
+        self.last_mark = 0
+
+        self.load()
+
+    def load(self):
+        if not os.path.exists(self.path):
+            return
+
+        tmp = json.load(open(self.path))
+
+        self.tips = tmp['tips']
+        self.marks = tmp['marks']
+        self.last_mark = tmp['last-mark']
+
+        for rev, mark in self.marks.iteritems():
+            self.rev_marks[mark] = int(rev)
+
+    def dict(self):
+        return { 'tips': self.tips, 'marks': self.marks, 'last-mark' : self.last_mark }
+
+    def store(self):
+        json.dump(self.dict(), open(self.path, 'w'))
+
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self.dict())
+
+    def from_rev(self, rev):
+        return self.marks[str(rev)]
+
+    def to_rev(self, mark):
+        return self.rev_marks[mark]
+
+    def get_mark(self, rev):
+        self.last_mark += 1
+        self.marks[str(rev)] = self.last_mark
+        return self.last_mark
+
+    def new_mark(self, rev, mark):
+        self.marks[str(rev)] = mark
+        self.rev_marks[mark] = rev
+        self.last_mark = mark
+
+    def is_marked(self, rev):
+        return self.marks.has_key(str(rev))
+
+    def get_tip(self, branch):
+        return self.tips.get(branch, 0)
+
+    def set_tip(self, branch, tip):
+        self.tips[branch] = tip
+
+class Parser:
+
+    def __init__(self, repo):
+        self.repo = repo
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def get_line(self):
+        return sys.stdin.readline().strip()
+
+    def __getitem__(self, i):
+        return self.line.split()[i]
+
+    def check(self, word):
+        return self.line.startswith(word)
+
+    def each_block(self, separator):
+        while self.line != separator:
+            yield self.line
+            self.line = self.get_line()
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.each_block('')
+
+    def next(self):
+        self.line = self.get_line()
+        if self.line == 'done':
+            self.line = None
+
+    def get_mark(self):
+        i = self.line.index(':') + 1
+        return int(self.line[i:])
+
+    def get_data(self):
+        if not self.check('data'):
+            return None
+        i = self.line.index(' ') + 1
+        size = int(self.line[i:])
+        return sys.stdin.read(size)
+
+    def get_author(self):
+        global bad_mail
+
+        ex = None
+        m = RAW_AUTHOR_RE.match(self.line)
+        if not m:
+            return None
+        _, name, email, date, tz = m.groups()
+        if name and 'ext:' in name:
+            m = re.match('^(.+?) ext:\((.+)\)$', name)
+            if m:
+                name = m.group(1)
+                ex = urllib.unquote(m.group(2))
+
+        if email != bad_mail:
+            if name:
+                user = '%s <%s>' % (name, email)
+            else:
+                user = '<%s>' % (email)
+        else:
+            user = name
+
+        if ex:
+            user += ex
+
+        tz = int(tz)
+        tz = ((tz / 100) * 3600) + ((tz % 100) * 60)
+        return (user, int(date), -tz)
+
+def export_file(fc):
+    d = fc.data()
+    print "M %s inline %s" % (gitmode(fc.flags()), fc.path())
+    print "data %d" % len(d)
+    print d
+
+def get_filechanges(repo, ctx, parent):
+    modified = set()
+    added = set()
+    removed = set()
+
+    cur = ctx.manifest()
+    prev = repo[parent].manifest().copy()
+
+    for fn in cur:
+        if fn in prev:
+            if (cur.flags(fn) != prev.flags(fn) or cur[fn] != prev[fn]):
+                modified.add(fn)
+            del prev[fn]
+        else:
+            added.add(fn)
+    removed |= set(prev.keys())
+
+    return added | modified, removed
+
+def fixup_user_git(user):
+    name = mail = None
+    user = user.replace('"', '')
+    m = AUTHOR_RE.match(user)
+    if m:
+        name = m.group(1)
+        mail = m.group(2).strip()
+    else:
+        m = NAME_RE.match(user)
+        if m:
+            name = m.group(1).strip()
+    return (name, mail)
+
+def fixup_user_hg(user):
+    def sanitize(name):
+        # stole this from hg-git
+        return re.sub('[<>\n]', '?', name.lstrip('< ').rstrip('> '))
+
+    m = AUTHOR_HG_RE.match(user)
+    if m:
+        name = sanitize(m.group(1))
+        mail = sanitize(m.group(2))
+        ex = m.group(3)
+        if ex:
+            name += ' ext:(' + urllib.quote(ex) + ')'
+    else:
+        name = sanitize(user)
+        if '@' in user:
+            mail = name
+        else:
+            mail = None
+
+    return (name, mail)
+
+def fixup_user(user):
+    global mode, bad_mail
+
+    if mode == 'git':
+        name, mail = fixup_user_git(user)
+    else:
+        name, mail = fixup_user_hg(user)
+
+    if not name:
+        name = bad_name
+    if not mail:
+        mail = bad_mail
+
+    return '%s <%s>' % (name, mail)
+
+def get_repo(url, alias):
+    global dirname, peer
+
+    myui = ui.ui()
+    myui.setconfig('ui', 'interactive', 'off')
+
+    if hg.islocal(url):
+        repo = hg.repository(myui, url)
+    else:
+        local_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'clone')
+        if not os.path.exists(local_path):
+            peer, dstpeer = hg.clone(myui, {}, url, local_path, update=False, pull=True)
+            repo = dstpeer.local()
+        else:
+            repo = hg.repository(myui, local_path)
+            peer = hg.peer(myui, {}, url)
+            repo.pull(peer, heads=None, force=True)
+
+    return repo
+
+def rev_to_mark(rev):
+    global marks
+    return marks.from_rev(rev)
+
+def mark_to_rev(mark):
+    global marks
+    return marks.to_rev(mark)
+
+def export_ref(repo, name, kind, head):
+    global prefix, marks, mode
+
+    ename = '%s/%s' % (kind, name)
+    tip = marks.get_tip(ename)
+
+    # mercurial takes too much time checking this
+    if tip and tip == head.rev():
+        # nothing to do
+        return
+    revs = xrange(tip, head.rev() + 1)
+    count = 0
+
+    revs = [rev for rev in revs if not marks.is_marked(rev)]
+
+    for rev in revs:
+
+        c = repo[rev]
+        (manifest, user, (time, tz), files, desc, extra) = repo.changelog.read(c.node())
+        rev_branch = extra['branch']
+
+        author = "%s %d %s" % (fixup_user(user), time, gittz(tz))
+        if 'committer' in extra:
+            user, time, tz = extra['committer'].rsplit(' ', 2)
+            committer = "%s %s %s" % (user, time, gittz(int(tz)))
+        else:
+            committer = author
+
+        parents = [p for p in repo.changelog.parentrevs(rev) if p >= 0]
+
+        if len(parents) == 0:
+            modified = c.manifest().keys()
+            removed = []
+        else:
+            modified, removed = get_filechanges(repo, c, parents[0])
+
+        if mode == 'hg':
+            extra_msg = ''
+
+            if rev_branch != 'default':
+                extra_msg += 'branch : %s\n' % rev_branch
+
+            renames = []
+            for f in c.files():
+                if f not in c.manifest():
+                    continue
+                rename = c.filectx(f).renamed()
+                if rename:
+                    renames.append((rename[0], f))
+
+            for e in renames:
+                extra_msg += "rename : %s => %s\n" % e
+
+            for key, value in extra.iteritems():
+                if key in ('author', 'committer', 'encoding', 'message', 'branch', 'hg-git'):
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    extra_msg += "extra : %s : %s\n" % (key, urllib.quote(value))
+
+            desc += '\n'
+            if extra_msg:
+                desc += '\n--HG--\n' + extra_msg
+
+        if len(parents) == 0 and rev:
+            print 'reset %s/%s' % (prefix, ename)
+
+        print "commit %s/%s" % (prefix, ename)
+        print "mark :%d" % (marks.get_mark(rev))
+        print "author %s" % (author)
+        print "committer %s" % (committer)
+        print "data %d" % (len(desc))
+        print desc
+
+        if len(parents) > 0:
+            print "from :%s" % (rev_to_mark(parents[0]))
+            if len(parents) > 1:
+                print "merge :%s" % (rev_to_mark(parents[1]))
+
+        for f in modified:
+            export_file(c.filectx(f))
+        for f in removed:
+            print "D %s" % (f)
+        print
+
+        count += 1
+        if (count % 100 == 0):
+            print "progress revision %d '%s' (%d/%d)" % (rev, name, count, len(revs))
+            print "#############################################################"
+
+    # make sure the ref is updated
+    print "reset %s/%s" % (prefix, ename)
+    print "from :%u" % rev_to_mark(rev)
+    print
+
+    marks.set_tip(ename, rev)
+
+def export_tag(repo, tag):
+    export_ref(repo, tag, 'tags', repo[tag])
+
+def export_bookmark(repo, bmark):
+    head = bmarks[bmark]
+    export_ref(repo, bmark, 'bookmarks', head)
+
+def export_branch(repo, branch):
+    tip = get_branch_tip(repo, branch)
+    head = repo[tip]
+    export_ref(repo, branch, 'branches', head)
+
+def export_head(repo):
+    global g_head
+    export_ref(repo, g_head[0], 'bookmarks', g_head[1])
+
+def do_capabilities(parser):
+    global prefix, dirname
+
+    print "import"
+    print "export"
+    print "refspec refs/heads/branches/*:%s/branches/*" % prefix
+    print "refspec refs/heads/*:%s/bookmarks/*" % prefix
+    print "refspec refs/tags/*:%s/tags/*" % prefix
+
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "*import-marks %s" % path
+    print "*export-marks %s" % path
+
+    print
+
+def get_branch_tip(repo, branch):
+    global branches
+
+    heads = branches.get(branch, None)
+    if not heads:
+        return None
+
+    # verify there's only one head
+    if (len(heads) > 1):
+        warn("Branch '%s' has more than one head, consider merging" % branch)
+        # older versions of mercurial don't have this
+        if hasattr(repo, "branchtip"):
+            return repo.branchtip(branch)
+
+    return heads[0]
+
+def list_head(repo, cur):
+    global g_head, bmarks
+
+    head = bookmarks.readcurrent(repo)
+    if head:
+        node = repo[head]
+    else:
+        # fake bookmark from current branch
+        head = cur
+        node = repo['.']
+        if not node:
+            node = repo['tip']
+        if not node:
+            return
+        if head == 'default':
+            head = 'master'
+        bmarks[head] = node
+
+    print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % head
+    g_head = (head, node)
+
+def do_list(parser):
+    global branches, bmarks, mode, track_branches
+
+    repo = parser.repo
+    for bmark, node in bookmarks.listbookmarks(repo).iteritems():
+        bmarks[bmark] = repo[node]
+
+    cur = repo.dirstate.branch()
+
+    list_head(repo, cur)
+
+    if track_branches:
+        for branch in repo.branchmap():
+            heads = repo.branchheads(branch)
+            if len(heads):
+                branches[branch] = heads
+
+        for branch in branches:
+            print "? refs/heads/branches/%s" % branch
+
+    for bmark in bmarks:
+        print "? refs/heads/%s" % bmark
+
+    for tag, node in repo.tagslist():
+        if tag == 'tip':
+            continue
+        print "? refs/tags/%s" % tag
+
+    print
+
+def do_import(parser):
+    repo = parser.repo
+
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-git')
+
+    print "feature done"
+    if os.path.exists(path):
+        print "feature import-marks=%s" % path
+    print "feature export-marks=%s" % path
+    sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    tmp = encoding.encoding
+    encoding.encoding = 'utf-8'
+
+    # lets get all the import lines
+    while parser.check('import'):
+        ref = parser[1]
+
+        if (ref == 'HEAD'):
+            export_head(repo)
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/heads/branches/'):
+            branch = ref[len('refs/heads/branches/'):]
+            export_branch(repo, branch)
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+            bmark = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+            export_bookmark(repo, bmark)
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
+            tag = ref[len('refs/tags/'):]
+            export_tag(repo, tag)
+
+        parser.next()
+
+    encoding.encoding = tmp
+
+    print 'done'
+
+def parse_blob(parser):
+    global blob_marks
+
+    parser.next()
+    mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    blob_marks[mark] = data
+    parser.next()
+    return
+
+def get_merge_files(repo, p1, p2, files):
+    for e in repo[p1].files():
+        if e not in files:
+            if e not in repo[p1].manifest():
+                continue
+            f = { 'ctx' : repo[p1][e] }
+            files[e] = f
+
+def parse_commit(parser):
+    global marks, blob_marks, bmarks, parsed_refs
+    global mode
+
+    from_mark = merge_mark = None
+
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+
+    commit_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    author = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    committer = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    parser.next()
+    if parser.check('from'):
+        from_mark = parser.get_mark()
+        parser.next()
+    if parser.check('merge'):
+        merge_mark = parser.get_mark()
+        parser.next()
+        if parser.check('merge'):
+            die('octopus merges are not supported yet')
+
+    files = {}
+
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('M'):
+            t, m, mark_ref, path = line.split(' ', 3)
+            mark = int(mark_ref[1:])
+            f = { 'mode' : hgmode(m), 'data' : blob_marks[mark] }
+        elif parser.check('D'):
+            t, path = line.split(' ')
+            f = { 'deleted' : True }
+        else:
+            die('Unknown file command: %s' % line)
+        files[path] = f
+
+    def getfilectx(repo, memctx, f):
+        of = files[f]
+        if 'deleted' in of:
+            raise IOError
+        if 'ctx' in of:
+            return of['ctx']
+        is_exec = of['mode'] == 'x'
+        is_link = of['mode'] == 'l'
+        rename = of.get('rename', None)
+        return context.memfilectx(f, of['data'],
+                is_link, is_exec, rename)
+
+    repo = parser.repo
+
+    user, date, tz = author
+    extra = {}
+
+    if committer != author:
+        extra['committer'] = "%s %u %u" % committer
+
+    if from_mark:
+        p1 = repo.changelog.node(mark_to_rev(from_mark))
+    else:
+        p1 = '\0' * 20
+
+    if merge_mark:
+        p2 = repo.changelog.node(mark_to_rev(merge_mark))
+    else:
+        p2 = '\0' * 20
+
+    #
+    # If files changed from any of the parents, hg wants to know, but in git if
+    # nothing changed from the first parent, nothing changed.
+    #
+    if merge_mark:
+        get_merge_files(repo, p1, p2, files)
+
+    if mode == 'hg':
+        i = data.find('\n--HG--\n')
+        if i >= 0:
+            tmp = data[i + len('\n--HG--\n'):].strip()
+            for k, v in [e.split(' : ') for e in tmp.split('\n')]:
+                if k == 'rename':
+                    old, new = v.split(' => ', 1)
+                    files[new]['rename'] = old
+                elif k == 'branch':
+                    extra[k] = v
+                elif k == 'extra':
+                    ek, ev = v.split(' : ', 1)
+                    extra[ek] = urllib.unquote(ev)
+            data = data[:i]
+
+    ctx = context.memctx(repo, (p1, p2), data,
+            files.keys(), getfilectx,
+            user, (date, tz), extra)
+
+    tmp = encoding.encoding
+    encoding.encoding = 'utf-8'
+
+    node = repo.commitctx(ctx)
+
+    encoding.encoding = tmp
+
+    rev = repo[node].rev()
+
+    parsed_refs[ref] = node
+
+    marks.new_mark(rev, commit_mark)
+
+def parse_reset(parser):
+    ref = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+    # ugh
+    if parser.check('commit'):
+        parse_commit(parser)
+        return
+    if not parser.check('from'):
+        return
+    from_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+
+    node = parser.repo.changelog.node(mark_to_rev(from_mark))
+    parsed_refs[ref] = node
+
+def parse_tag(parser):
+    name = parser[1]
+    parser.next()
+    from_mark = parser.get_mark()
+    parser.next()
+    tagger = parser.get_author()
+    parser.next()
+    data = parser.get_data()
+    parser.next()
+
+    # nothing to do
+
+def do_export(parser):
+    global parsed_refs, bmarks, peer
+
+    parser.next()
+
+    for line in parser.each_block('done'):
+        if parser.check('blob'):
+            parse_blob(parser)
+        elif parser.check('commit'):
+            parse_commit(parser)
+        elif parser.check('reset'):
+            parse_reset(parser)
+        elif parser.check('tag'):
+            parse_tag(parser)
+        elif parser.check('feature'):
+            pass
+        else:
+            die('unhandled export command: %s' % line)
+
+    for ref, node in parsed_refs.iteritems():
+        if ref.startswith('refs/heads/branches'):
+            pass
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/heads/'):
+            bmark = ref[len('refs/heads/'):]
+            if bmark in bmarks:
+                old = bmarks[bmark].hex()
+            else:
+                old = ''
+            if not bookmarks.pushbookmark(parser.repo, bmark, old, node):
+                continue
+        elif ref.startswith('refs/tags/'):
+            tag = ref[len('refs/tags/'):]
+            parser.repo.tag([tag], node, None, True, None, {})
+        else:
+            # transport-helper/fast-export bugs
+            continue
+        print "ok %s" % ref
+
+    print
+
+    if peer:
+        parser.repo.push(peer, force=False)
+
+def fix_path(alias, repo, orig_url):
+    repo_url = util.url(repo.url())
+    url = util.url(orig_url)
+    if str(url) == str(repo_url):
+        return
+    cmd = ['git', 'config', 'remote.%s.url' % alias, "hg::%s" % repo_url]
+    subprocess.call(cmd)
+
+def main(args):
+    global prefix, dirname, branches, bmarks
+    global marks, blob_marks, parsed_refs
+    global peer, mode, bad_mail, bad_name
+    global track_branches
+
+    alias = args[1]
+    url = args[2]
+    peer = None
+
+    hg_git_compat = False
+    track_branches = True
+    try:
+        if get_config('remote-hg.hg-git-compat') == 'true\n':
+            hg_git_compat = True
+            track_branches = False
+        if get_config('remote-hg.track-branches') == 'false\n':
+            track_branches = False
+    except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
+        pass
+
+    if hg_git_compat:
+        mode = 'hg'
+        bad_mail = 'none@none'
+        bad_name = ''
+    else:
+        mode = 'git'
+        bad_mail = 'unknown'
+        bad_name = 'Unknown'
+
+    if alias[4:] == url:
+        is_tmp = True
+        alias = util.sha1(alias).hexdigest()
+    else:
+        is_tmp = False
+
+    gitdir = os.environ['GIT_DIR']
+    dirname = os.path.join(gitdir, 'hg', alias)
+    branches = {}
+    bmarks = {}
+    blob_marks = {}
+    parsed_refs = {}
+
+    repo = get_repo(url, alias)
+    prefix = 'refs/hg/%s' % alias
+
+    if not is_tmp:
+        fix_path(alias, peer or repo, url)
+
+    if not os.path.exists(dirname):
+        os.makedirs(dirname)
+
+    marks_path = os.path.join(dirname, 'marks-hg')
+    marks = Marks(marks_path)
+
+    parser = Parser(repo)
+    for line in parser:
+        if parser.check('capabilities'):
+            do_capabilities(parser)
+        elif parser.check('list'):
+            do_list(parser)
+        elif parser.check('import'):
+            do_import(parser)
+        elif parser.check('export'):
+            do_export(parser)
+        else:
+            die('unhandled command: %s' % line)
+        sys.stdout.flush()
+
+    if not is_tmp:
+        marks.store()
+    else:
+        shutil.rmtree(dirname)
+
+sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..70aa8a0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-bzr.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-bzr'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-bzr tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import bzrlib'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-bzr tests; bzr not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+cmd='
+import bzrlib
+bzrlib.initialize()
+import bzrlib.plugin
+bzrlib.plugin.load_plugins()
+import bzrlib.plugins.fastimport
+'
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c "$cmd"; then
+	echo "consider setting BZR_PLUGIN_PATH=$HOME/.bazaar/plugins" 1>&2
+	skip_all='skipping remote-bzr tests; bzr-fastimport not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+check () {
+	(cd $1 &&
+	git log --format='%s' -1 &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD) > actual &&
+	(echo $2 &&
+	echo "refs/heads/$3") > expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
+bzr whoami "A U Thor <author@example.com>"
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning' '
+  (bzr init bzrrepo &&
+  cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo one > content &&
+  bzr add content &&
+  bzr commit -m one
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "bzr::$PWD/bzrrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo one master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo two > content &&
+  bzr commit -m two
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git pull) &&
+
+  check gitrepo two master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing' '
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  echo three > content &&
+  git commit -a -m three &&
+  git push
+  ) &&
+
+  echo three > expected &&
+  cat bzrrepo/content > actual &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'roundtrip' '
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull &&
+  git log --format="%s" -1 origin/master > actual) &&
+  echo three > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git push && git pull) &&
+
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo four > content &&
+  bzr commit -m four
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo && git pull && git push) &&
+
+  check gitrepo four master &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  echo five > content &&
+  git commit -a -m five &&
+  git push && git pull
+  ) &&
+
+  (cd bzrrepo && bzr revert) &&
+
+  echo five > expected &&
+  cat bzrrepo/content > actual &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected <<EOF
+100644 blob 54f9d6da5c91d556e6b54340b1327573073030af	content
+100755 blob 68769579c3eaadbe555379b9c3538e6628bae1eb	executable
+120000 blob 6b584e8ece562ebffc15d38808cd6b98fc3d97ea	link
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'special modes' '
+  (cd bzrrepo &&
+  echo exec > executable
+  chmod +x executable &&
+  bzr add executable
+  bzr commit -m exec &&
+  ln -s content link
+  bzr add link
+  bzr commit -m link &&
+  mkdir dir &&
+  bzr add dir &&
+  bzr commit -m dir) &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git pull
+  git ls-tree HEAD > ../actual) &&
+
+  test_cmp expected actual &&
+
+  (cd gitrepo &&
+  git cat-file -p HEAD:link > ../actual) &&
+
+  echo -n content > expected &&
+  test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1d61982
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-bidi.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+# Base commands from hg-git tests:
+# https://bitbucket.org/durin42/hg-git/src
+#
+
+test_description='Test bidirectionality of remote-hg'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import mercurial'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; mercurial not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# clone to a git repo
+git_clone () {
+	hg -R $1 bookmark -f -r tip master &&
+	git clone -q "hg::$PWD/$1" $2
+}
+
+# clone to an hg repo
+hg_clone () {
+	(
+	hg init $2 &&
+	cd $1 &&
+	git push -q "hg::$PWD/../$2" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*'
+	) &&
+
+	(cd $2 && hg -q update)
+}
+
+# push an hg repo
+hg_push () {
+	(
+	cd $2
+	old=$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD)
+	git checkout -q -b tmp &&
+	git fetch -q "hg::$PWD/../$1" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*' &&
+	git checkout -q $old &&
+	git branch -q -D tmp 2> /dev/null || true
+	)
+}
+
+hg_log () {
+	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug | grep -v 'tag: *default/'
+}
+
+setup () {
+	(
+	echo "[ui]"
+	echo "username = A U Thor <author@example.com>"
+	echo "[defaults]"
+	echo "backout = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "commit = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "debugrawcommit = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "tag = -d \"0 0\""
+	) >> "$HOME"/.hgrc &&
+	git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
+
+	export HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
+
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+}
+
+setup
+
+test_expect_success 'encoding' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add älphà" &&
+
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta" &&
+
+	echo gamma > gamma &&
+	git add gamma &&
+	git commit -m "add gämmâ" &&
+
+	: TODO git config i18n.commitencoding latin-1 &&
+	echo delta > delta &&
+	git add delta &&
+	git commit -m "add déltà"
+	) &&
+
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo &&
+	git_clone hgrepo gitrepo2 &&
+	hg_clone gitrepo2 hgrepo2 &&
+
+	HGENCODING=utf-8 hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
+	HGENCODING=utf-8 hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file removal' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta"
+	mkdir foo &&
+	echo blah > foo/bar &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "add foo" &&
+	git rm alpha &&
+	git commit -m "remove alpha" &&
+	git rm foo/bar &&
+	git commit -m "remove foo/bar"
+	) &&
+
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo &&
+	git_clone hgrepo gitrepo2 &&
+	hg_clone gitrepo2 hgrepo2 &&
+
+	hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
+	hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tags' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	git config receive.denyCurrentBranch ignore &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	git tag alpha &&
+
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta" &&
+	git tag -a -m "added tag beta" beta
+	) &&
+
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo &&
+	git_clone hgrepo gitrepo2 &&
+	hg_clone gitrepo2 hgrepo2 &&
+
+	hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
+	hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hg branch' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -q -m "add alpha" &&
+	git checkout -q -b not-master
+	) &&
+
+	(
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo &&
+
+	cd hgrepo &&
+	hg -q co master &&
+	hg mv alpha beta &&
+	hg -q commit -m "rename alpha to beta" &&
+	hg branch gamma | grep -v "permanent and global" &&
+	hg -q commit -m "started branch gamma"
+	) &&
+
+	hg_push hgrepo gitrepo &&
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo2 &&
+
+	: TODO, avoid "master" bookmark &&
+	(cd hgrepo2 && hg checkout gamma) &&
+
+	hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
+	hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hg tags' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	git checkout -q -b not-master
+	) &&
+
+	(
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo &&
+
+	cd hgrepo &&
+	hg co master &&
+	hg tag alpha
+	) &&
+
+	hg_push hgrepo gitrepo &&
+	hg_clone gitrepo hgrepo2 &&
+
+	hg_log hgrepo > expected &&
+	hg_log hgrepo2 > actual &&
+
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7e3967f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg-hg-git.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,534 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+# Base commands from hg-git tests:
+# https://bitbucket.org/durin42/hg-git/src
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-hg output compared to hg-git'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import mercurial'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; mercurial not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import hggit'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; hg-git not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# clone to a git repo with git
+git_clone_git () {
+	hg -R $1 bookmark -f -r tip master &&
+	git clone -q "hg::$PWD/$1" $2
+}
+
+# clone to an hg repo with git
+hg_clone_git () {
+	(
+	hg init $2 &&
+	cd $1 &&
+	git push -q "hg::$PWD/../$2" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*'
+	) &&
+
+	(cd $2 && hg -q update)
+}
+
+# clone to a git repo with hg
+git_clone_hg () {
+	(
+	git init -q $2 &&
+	cd $1 &&
+	hg bookmark -f -r tip master &&
+	hg -q push -r master ../$2 || true
+	)
+}
+
+# clone to an hg repo with hg
+hg_clone_hg () {
+	hg -q clone $1 $2
+}
+
+# push an hg repo with git
+hg_push_git () {
+	(
+	cd $2
+	old=$(git symbolic-ref --short HEAD)
+	git checkout -q -b tmp &&
+	git fetch -q "hg::$PWD/../$1" 'refs/tags/*:refs/tags/*' 'refs/heads/*:refs/heads/*' &&
+	git checkout -q $old &&
+	git branch -q -D tmp 2> /dev/null || true
+	)
+}
+
+# push an hg git repo with hg
+hg_push_hg () {
+	(
+	cd $1 &&
+	hg -q push ../$2 || true
+	)
+}
+
+hg_log () {
+	hg -R $1 log --graph --debug | grep -v 'tag: *default/'
+}
+
+git_log () {
+	git --git-dir=$1/.git fast-export --branches
+}
+
+setup () {
+	(
+	echo "[ui]"
+	echo "username = A U Thor <author@example.com>"
+	echo "[defaults]"
+	echo "backout = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "commit = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "debugrawcommit = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "tag = -d \"0 0\""
+	echo "[extensions]"
+	echo "hgext.bookmarks ="
+	echo "hggit ="
+	) >> "$HOME"/.hgrc &&
+	git config --global receive.denycurrentbranch warn
+	git config --global remote-hg.hg-git-compat true
+
+	export HGEDITOR=/usr/bin/true
+
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0230"
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+}
+
+setup
+
+test_expect_success 'executable bit' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	chmod 0644 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	chmod 0755 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "set executable bit" &&
+	chmod 0644 alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "clear executable bit"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log . &&
+		hg manifest -r 1 -v &&
+		hg manifest -v
+		) > output-$x &&
+
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+	cp -r log-* output-* /tmp/foo/ &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git &&
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'symlink' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	ln -s alpha beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log . &&
+		hg manifest -v
+		) > output-$x &&
+
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git &&
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge conflict 1' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	hg init hgrepo1 &&
+	cd hgrepo1 &&
+	echo A > afile &&
+	hg add afile &&
+	hg ci -m "origin" &&
+
+	echo B > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->B" &&
+
+	hg up -r0 &&
+	echo C > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->C" &&
+
+	hg merge -r1 || true &&
+	echo C > afile &&
+	hg resolve -m afile &&
+	hg ci -m "merge to C"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo1 gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge conflict 2' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	hg init hgrepo1 &&
+	cd hgrepo1 &&
+	echo A > afile &&
+	hg add afile &&
+	hg ci -m "origin" &&
+
+	echo B > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->B" &&
+
+	hg up -r0 &&
+	echo C > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->C" &&
+
+	hg merge -r1 || true &&
+	echo B > afile &&
+	hg resolve -m afile &&
+	hg ci -m "merge to B"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo1 gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'converged merge' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	hg init hgrepo1 &&
+	cd hgrepo1 &&
+	echo A > afile &&
+	hg add afile &&
+	hg ci -m "origin" &&
+
+	echo B > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->B" &&
+
+	echo C > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "B->C" &&
+
+	hg up -r0 &&
+	echo C > afile &&
+	hg ci -m "A->C" &&
+
+	hg merge -r2 || true &&
+	hg ci -m "merge"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo1 gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'encoding' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add älphà" &&
+
+	export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="tést èncödîng" &&
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta" &&
+
+	echo gamma > gamma &&
+	git add gamma &&
+	git commit -m "add gämmâ" &&
+
+	: TODO git config i18n.commitencoding latin-1 &&
+	echo delta > delta &&
+	git add delta &&
+	git commit -m "add déltà"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+
+		HGENCODING=utf-8 hg_log hgrepo-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'file removal' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta"
+	mkdir foo &&
+	echo blah > foo/bar &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit -m "add foo" &&
+	git rm alpha &&
+	git commit -m "remove alpha" &&
+	git rm foo/bar &&
+	git commit -m "remove foo/bar"
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log . &&
+		hg manifest -r 3 &&
+		hg manifest
+		) > output-$x &&
+
+		git_clone_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo2-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo2-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git &&
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git tags' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	(
+	git init -q gitrepo &&
+	cd gitrepo &&
+	git config receive.denyCurrentBranch ignore &&
+	echo alpha > alpha &&
+	git add alpha &&
+	git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+	git tag alpha &&
+
+	echo beta > beta &&
+	git add beta &&
+	git commit -m "add beta" &&
+	git tag -a -m "added tag beta" beta
+	) &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg_log hgrepo-$x > log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp log-hg log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hg author' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		git init -q gitrepo-$x &&
+		cd gitrepo-$x &&
+
+		echo alpha > alpha &&
+		git add alpha &&
+		git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+		git checkout -q -b not-master
+		) &&
+
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo-$x &&
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+
+		hg co master &&
+		echo beta > beta &&
+		hg add beta &&
+		hg commit -u "test" -m "add beta" &&
+
+		echo gamma >> beta &&
+		hg commit -u "test <test@example.com> (comment)" -m "modify beta" &&
+
+		echo gamma > gamma &&
+		hg add gamma &&
+		hg commit -u "<test@example.com>" -m "add gamma" &&
+
+		echo delta > delta &&
+		hg add delta &&
+		hg commit -u "name<test@example.com>" -m "add delta" &&
+
+		echo epsilon > epsilon &&
+		hg add epsilon &&
+		hg commit -u "name <test@example.com" -m "add epsilon" &&
+
+		echo zeta > zeta &&
+		hg add zeta &&
+		hg commit -u " test " -m "add zeta" &&
+
+		echo eta > eta &&
+		hg add eta &&
+		hg commit -u "test < test@example.com >" -m "add eta" &&
+
+		echo theta > theta &&
+		hg add theta &&
+		hg commit -u "test >test@example.com>" -m "add theta" &&
+
+		echo iota > iota &&
+		hg add iota &&
+		hg commit -u "test <test <at> example <dot> com>" -m "add iota"
+		) &&
+
+		hg_push_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hg branch' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		git init -q gitrepo-$x &&
+		cd gitrepo-$x &&
+
+		echo alpha > alpha &&
+		git add alpha &&
+		git commit -q -m "add alpha" &&
+		git checkout -q -b not-master
+		) &&
+
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo-$x &&
+
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg -q co master &&
+		hg mv alpha beta &&
+		hg -q commit -m "rename alpha to beta" &&
+		hg branch gamma | grep -v "permanent and global" &&
+		hg -q commit -m "started branch gamma"
+		) &&
+
+		hg_push_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x > hg-log-$x &&
+		git_log gitrepo-$x > git-log-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp hg-log-hg hg-log-git &&
+	test_cmp git-log-hg git-log-git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hg tags' '
+	mkdir -p tmp && cd tmp &&
+	test_when_finished "cd .. && rm -rf tmp" &&
+
+	for x in hg git; do
+		(
+		git init -q gitrepo-$x &&
+		cd gitrepo-$x &&
+
+		echo alpha > alpha &&
+		git add alpha &&
+		git commit -m "add alpha" &&
+		git checkout -q -b not-master
+		) &&
+
+		(
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo-$x &&
+
+		cd hgrepo-$x &&
+		hg co master &&
+		hg tag alpha
+		) &&
+
+		hg_push_$x hgrepo-$x gitrepo-$x &&
+		hg_clone_$x gitrepo-$x hgrepo2-$x &&
+
+		(
+		git --git-dir=gitrepo-$x/.git tag -l &&
+		hg_log hgrepo2-$x &&
+		cat hgrepo2-$x/.hgtags
+		) > output-$x
+	done &&
+
+	test_cmp output-hg output-git
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5f81dfa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/remote-helpers/test-hg.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+# Base commands from hg-git tests:
+# https://bitbucket.org/durin42/hg-git/src
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-hg'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+if ! "$PYTHON_PATH" -c 'import mercurial'; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-hg tests; mercurial not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+check () {
+	(cd $1 &&
+	git log --format='%s' -1 &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD) > actual &&
+	(echo $2 &&
+	echo "refs/heads/$3") > expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+}
+
+setup () {
+	(
+	echo "[ui]"
+	echo "username = H G Wells <wells@example.com>"
+	) >> "$HOME"/.hgrc
+}
+
+setup
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning' '
+  test_when_finished "rm -rf gitrepo*" &&
+
+  (
+  hg init hgrepo &&
+  cd hgrepo &&
+  echo zero > content &&
+  hg add content &&
+  hg commit -m zero
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo zero master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with branches' '
+  test_when_finished "rm -rf gitrepo*" &&
+
+  (
+  cd hgrepo &&
+  hg branch next &&
+  echo next > content &&
+  hg commit -m next
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo next next &&
+
+  (cd hgrepo && hg checkout default) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo2 &&
+  check gitrepo2 zero master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with bookmarks' '
+  test_when_finished "rm -rf gitrepo*" &&
+
+  (
+  cd hgrepo &&
+  hg bookmark feature-a &&
+  echo feature-a > content &&
+  hg commit -m feature-a
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo feature-a feature-a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning with detached head' '
+  test_when_finished "rm -rf gitrepo*" &&
+
+  (
+  cd hgrepo &&
+  hg update -r 0
+  ) &&
+
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  check gitrepo zero master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update bookmark' '
+  test_when_finished "rm -rf gitrepo*" &&
+
+  (
+  cd hgrepo &&
+  hg bookmark devel
+  ) &&
+
+  (
+  git clone "hg::$PWD/hgrepo" gitrepo &&
+  cd gitrepo &&
+  git checkout devel &&
+  echo devel > content &&
+  git commit -a -m devel &&
+  git push
+  ) &&
+
+  hg -R hgrepo bookmarks | grep "devel\s\+3:"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/rerere-train.sh b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
index 2cfe1b9..36b6fee 100755
--- a/contrib/rerere-train.sh
+++ b/contrib/rerere-train.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
-. git-sh-setup
+. $(git --exec-path)/git-sh-setup
 require_work_tree
 cd_to_toplevel
 
diff --git a/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl b/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl
index 4b852e2..9513f5e 100755
--- a/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl
+++ b/contrib/stats/mailmap.pl
@@ -1,38 +1,70 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl -w
-my %mailmap = ();
-open I, "<", ".mailmap";
-while (<I>) {
-	chomp;
-	next if /^#/;
-	if (my ($author, $mail) = /^(.*?)\s+<(.+)>$/) {
-		$mailmap{$mail} = $author;
-	}
-}
-close I;
+#!/usr/bin/perl
 
-my %mail2author = ();
-open I, "git log --pretty='format:%ae	%an' |";
-while (<I>) {
-	chomp;
-	my ($mail, $author) = split(/\t/, $_);
-	next if exists $mailmap{$mail};
-	$mail2author{$mail} ||= {};
-	$mail2author{$mail}{$author} ||= 0;
-	$mail2author{$mail}{$author}++;
-}
-close I;
+use warnings 'all';
+use strict;
+use Getopt::Long;
 
-while (my ($mail, $authorcount) = each %mail2author) {
-	# %$authorcount is ($author => $count);
-	# sort and show the names from the most frequent ones.
-	my @names = (map { $_->[0] }
-		sort { $b->[1] <=> $a->[1] }
-		map { [$_, $authorcount->{$_}] }
-		keys %$authorcount);
-	if (1 < @names) {
-		for (@names) {
-			print "$_ <$mail>\n";
+my $match_emails;
+my $match_names;
+my $order_by = 'count';
+Getopt::Long::Configure(qw(bundling));
+GetOptions(
+	'emails|e!' => \$match_emails,
+	'names|n!'  => \$match_names,
+	'count|c'   => sub { $order_by = 'count' },
+	'time|t'    => sub { $order_by = 'stamp' },
+) or exit 1;
+$match_emails = 1 unless $match_names;
+
+my $email = {};
+my $name = {};
+
+open(my $fh, '-|', "git log --format='%at <%aE> %aN'");
+while(<$fh>) {
+	my ($t, $e, $n) = /(\S+) <(\S+)> (.*)/;
+	mark($email, $e, $n, $t);
+	mark($name, $n, $e, $t);
+}
+close($fh);
+
+if ($match_emails) {
+	foreach my $e (dups($email)) {
+		foreach my $n (vals($email->{$e})) {
+			show($n, $e, $email->{$e}->{$n});
 		}
+		print "\n";
 	}
 }
+if ($match_names) {
+	foreach my $n (dups($name)) {
+		foreach my $e (vals($name->{$n})) {
+			show($n, $e, $name->{$n}->{$e});
+		}
+		print "\n";
+	}
+}
+exit 0;
 
+sub mark {
+	my ($h, $k, $v, $t) = @_;
+	my $e = $h->{$k}->{$v} ||= { count => 0, stamp => 0 };
+	$e->{count}++;
+	$e->{stamp} = $t unless $t < $e->{stamp};
+}
+
+sub dups {
+	my $h = shift;
+	return grep { keys($h->{$_}) > 1 } keys($h);
+}
+
+sub vals {
+	my $h = shift;
+	return sort {
+		$h->{$b}->{$order_by} <=> $h->{$a}->{$order_by}
+	} keys($h);
+}
+
+sub show {
+	my ($n, $e, $h) = @_;
+	print "$n <$e> ($h->{$order_by})\n";
+}
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/.gitignore b/contrib/subtree/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..91360a3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+*~
+git-subtree
+git-subtree.xml
+git-subtree.1
+mainline
+subproj
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/COPYING b/contrib/subtree/COPYING
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d511905
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/COPYING
@@ -0,0 +1,339 @@
+		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+		       Version 2, June 1991
+
+ Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+ 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA
+ Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies
+ of this license document, but changing it is not allowed.
+
+			    Preamble
+
+  The licenses for most software are designed to take away your
+freedom to share and change it.  By contrast, the GNU General Public
+License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free
+software--to make sure the software is free for all its users.  This
+General Public License applies to most of the Free Software
+Foundation's software and to any other program whose authors commit to
+using it.  (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by
+the GNU Lesser General Public License instead.)  You can apply it to
+your programs, too.
+
+  When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not
+price.  Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you
+have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for
+this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it
+if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it
+in new free programs; and that you know you can do these things.
+
+  To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
+anyone to deny you these rights or to ask you to surrender the rights.
+These restrictions translate to certain responsibilities for you if you
+distribute copies of the software, or if you modify it.
+
+  For example, if you distribute copies of such a program, whether
+gratis or for a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that
+you have.  You must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the
+source code.  And you must show them these terms so they know their
+rights.
+
+  We protect your rights with two steps: (1) copyright the software, and
+(2) offer you this license which gives you legal permission to copy,
+distribute and/or modify the software.
+
+  Also, for each author's protection and ours, we want to make certain
+that everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free
+software.  If the software is modified by someone else and passed on, we
+want its recipients to know that what they have is not the original, so
+that any problems introduced by others will not reflect on the original
+authors' reputations.
+
+  Finally, any free program is threatened constantly by software
+patents.  We wish to avoid the danger that redistributors of a free
+program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the
+program proprietary.  To prevent this, we have made it clear that any
+patent must be licensed for everyone's free use or not licensed at all.
+
+  The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and
+modification follow.
+
+		    GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE
+   TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION
+
+  0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains
+a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed
+under the terms of this General Public License.  The "Program", below,
+refers to any such program or work, and a "work based on the Program"
+means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law:
+that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it,
+either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another
+language.  (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in
+the term "modification".)  Each licensee is addressed as "you".
+
+Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not
+covered by this License; they are outside its scope.  The act of
+running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program
+is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the
+Program (independent of having been made by running the Program).
+Whether that is true depends on what the Program does.
+
+  1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Program's
+source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you
+conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate
+copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the
+notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty;
+and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License
+along with the Program.
+
+You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and
+you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee.
+
+  2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion
+of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and
+distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1
+above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:
+
+    a) You must cause the modified files to carry prominent notices
+    stating that you changed the files and the date of any change.
+
+    b) You must cause any work that you distribute or publish, that in
+    whole or in part contains or is derived from the Program or any
+    part thereof, to be licensed as a whole at no charge to all third
+    parties under the terms of this License.
+
+    c) If the modified program normally reads commands interactively
+    when run, you must cause it, when started running for such
+    interactive use in the most ordinary way, to print or display an
+    announcement including an appropriate copyright notice and a
+    notice that there is no warranty (or else, saying that you provide
+    a warranty) and that users may redistribute the program under
+    these conditions, and telling the user how to view a copy of this
+    License.  (Exception: if the Program itself is interactive but
+    does not normally print such an announcement, your work based on
+    the Program is not required to print an announcement.)
+
+These requirements apply to the modified work as a whole.  If
+identifiable sections of that work are not derived from the Program,
+and can be reasonably considered independent and separate works in
+themselves, then this License, and its terms, do not apply to those
+sections when you distribute them as separate works.  But when you
+distribute the same sections as part of a whole which is a work based
+on the Program, the distribution of the whole must be on the terms of
+this License, whose permissions for other licensees extend to the
+entire whole, and thus to each and every part regardless of who wrote it.
+
+Thus, it is not the intent of this section to claim rights or contest
+your rights to work written entirely by you; rather, the intent is to
+exercise the right to control the distribution of derivative or
+collective works based on the Program.
+
+In addition, mere aggregation of another work not based on the Program
+with the Program (or with a work based on the Program) on a volume of
+a storage or distribution medium does not bring the other work under
+the scope of this License.
+
+  3. You may copy and distribute the Program (or a work based on it,
+under Section 2) in object code or executable form under the terms of
+Sections 1 and 2 above provided that you also do one of the following:
+
+    a) Accompany it with the complete corresponding machine-readable
+    source code, which must be distributed under the terms of Sections
+    1 and 2 above on a medium customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+    b) Accompany it with a written offer, valid for at least three
+    years, to give any third party, for a charge no more than your
+    cost of physically performing source distribution, a complete
+    machine-readable copy of the corresponding source code, to be
+    distributed under the terms of Sections 1 and 2 above on a medium
+    customarily used for software interchange; or,
+
+    c) Accompany it with the information you received as to the offer
+    to distribute corresponding source code.  (This alternative is
+    allowed only for noncommercial distribution and only if you
+    received the program in object code or executable form with such
+    an offer, in accord with Subsection b above.)
+
+The source code for a work means the preferred form of the work for
+making modifications to it.  For an executable work, complete source
+code means all the source code for all modules it contains, plus any
+associated interface definition files, plus the scripts used to
+control compilation and installation of the executable.  However, as a
+special exception, the source code distributed need not include
+anything that is normally distributed (in either source or binary
+form) with the major components (compiler, kernel, and so on) of the
+operating system on which the executable runs, unless that component
+itself accompanies the executable.
+
+If distribution of executable or object code is made by offering
+access to copy from a designated place, then offering equivalent
+access to copy the source code from the same place counts as
+distribution of the source code, even though third parties are not
+compelled to copy the source along with the object code.
+
+  4. You may not copy, modify, sublicense, or distribute the Program
+except as expressly provided under this License.  Any attempt
+otherwise to copy, modify, sublicense or distribute the Program is
+void, and will automatically terminate your rights under this License.
+However, parties who have received copies, or rights, from you under
+this License will not have their licenses terminated so long as such
+parties remain in full compliance.
+
+  5. You are not required to accept this License, since you have not
+signed it.  However, nothing else grants you permission to modify or
+distribute the Program or its derivative works.  These actions are
+prohibited by law if you do not accept this License.  Therefore, by
+modifying or distributing the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), you indicate your acceptance of this License to do so, and
+all its terms and conditions for copying, distributing or modifying
+the Program or works based on it.
+
+  6. Each time you redistribute the Program (or any work based on the
+Program), the recipient automatically receives a license from the
+original licensor to copy, distribute or modify the Program subject to
+these terms and conditions.  You may not impose any further
+restrictions on the recipients' exercise of the rights granted herein.
+You are not responsible for enforcing compliance by third parties to
+this License.
+
+  7. If, as a consequence of a court judgment or allegation of patent
+infringement or for any other reason (not limited to patent issues),
+conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or
+otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not
+excuse you from the conditions of this License.  If you cannot
+distribute so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this
+License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you
+may not distribute the Program at all.  For example, if a patent
+license would not permit royalty-free redistribution of the Program by
+all those who receive copies directly or indirectly through you, then
+the only way you could satisfy both it and this License would be to
+refrain entirely from distribution of the Program.
+
+If any portion of this section is held invalid or unenforceable under
+any particular circumstance, the balance of the section is intended to
+apply and the section as a whole is intended to apply in other
+circumstances.
+
+It is not the purpose of this section to induce you to infringe any
+patents or other property right claims or to contest validity of any
+such claims; this section has the sole purpose of protecting the
+integrity of the free software distribution system, which is
+implemented by public license practices.  Many people have made
+generous contributions to the wide range of software distributed
+through that system in reliance on consistent application of that
+system; it is up to the author/donor to decide if he or she is willing
+to distribute software through any other system and a licensee cannot
+impose that choice.
+
+This section is intended to make thoroughly clear what is believed to
+be a consequence of the rest of this License.
+
+  8. If the distribution and/or use of the Program is restricted in
+certain countries either by patents or by copyrighted interfaces, the
+original copyright holder who places the Program under this License
+may add an explicit geographical distribution limitation excluding
+those countries, so that distribution is permitted only in or among
+countries not thus excluded.  In such case, this License incorporates
+the limitation as if written in the body of this License.
+
+  9. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions
+of the General Public License from time to time.  Such new versions will
+be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to
+address new problems or concerns.
+
+Each version is given a distinguishing version number.  If the Program
+specifies a version number of this License which applies to it and "any
+later version", you have the option of following the terms and conditions
+either of that version or of any later version published by the Free
+Software Foundation.  If the Program does not specify a version number of
+this License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software
+Foundation.
+
+  10. If you wish to incorporate parts of the Program into other free
+programs whose distribution conditions are different, write to the author
+to ask for permission.  For software which is copyrighted by the Free
+Software Foundation, write to the Free Software Foundation; we sometimes
+make exceptions for this.  Our decision will be guided by the two goals
+of preserving the free status of all derivatives of our free software and
+of promoting the sharing and reuse of software generally.
+
+			    NO WARRANTY
+
+  11. BECAUSE THE PROGRAM IS LICENSED FREE OF CHARGE, THERE IS NO WARRANTY
+FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW.  EXCEPT WHEN
+OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES
+PROVIDE THE PROGRAM "AS IS" WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED
+OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF
+MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE ENTIRE RISK AS
+TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU.  SHOULD THE
+PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING,
+REPAIR OR CORRECTION.
+
+  12. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING
+WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MAY MODIFY AND/OR
+REDISTRIBUTE THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES,
+INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING
+OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED
+TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY
+YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER
+PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE
+POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
+
+		     END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS
+
+	    How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs
+
+  If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest
+possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it
+free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms.
+
+  To do so, attach the following notices to the program.  It is safest
+to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively
+convey the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least
+the "copyright" line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.
+
+    <one line to give the program's name and a brief idea of what it does.>
+    Copyright (C) <year>  <name of author>
+
+    This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+    it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+    the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+    (at your option) any later version.
+
+    This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+    but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+    MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+    GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+    You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along
+    with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc.,
+    51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.
+
+Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail.
+
+If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this
+when it starts in an interactive mode:
+
+    Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author
+    Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type `show w'.
+    This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it
+    under certain conditions; type `show c' for details.
+
+The hypothetical commands `show w' and `show c' should show the appropriate
+parts of the General Public License.  Of course, the commands you use may
+be called something other than `show w' and `show c'; they could even be
+mouse-clicks or menu items--whatever suits your program.
+
+You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your
+school, if any, to sign a "copyright disclaimer" for the program, if
+necessary.  Here is a sample; alter the names:
+
+  Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program
+  `Gnomovision' (which makes passes at compilers) written by James Hacker.
+
+  <signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989
+  Ty Coon, President of Vice
+
+This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into
+proprietary programs.  If your program is a subroutine library, you may
+consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the
+library.  If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General
+Public License instead of this License.
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/INSTALL b/contrib/subtree/INSTALL
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7ab0cf4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/INSTALL
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+HOW TO INSTALL git-subtree
+==========================
+
+First, build from the top source directory.
+
+Then, in contrib/subtree, run:
+
+  make
+  make install
+  make install-doc
+
+If you used configure to do the main build the git-subtree build will
+pick up those settings.  If not, you will likely have to provide a
+value for prefix:
+
+  make prefix=<some dir>
+  make prefix=<some dir> install
+  make prefix=<some dir> install-doc
+
+To run tests first copy git-subtree to the main build area so the
+newly-built git can find it:
+
+  cp git-subtree ../..
+
+Then:
+
+  make test
+
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/Makefile b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05cdd5c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+-include ../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../config.mak
+
+prefix ?= /usr/local
+mandir ?= $(prefix)/share/man
+libexecdir ?= $(prefix)/libexec/git-core
+gitdir ?= $(shell git --exec-path)
+man1dir ?= $(mandir)/man1
+
+gitver ?= $(word 3,$(shell git --version))
+
+# this should be set to a 'standard' bsd-type install program
+INSTALL ?= install
+
+ASCIIDOC_CONF      = ../../Documentation/asciidoc.conf
+MANPAGE_NORMAL_XSL =  ../../Documentation/manpage-normal.xsl
+
+GIT_SUBTREE_SH := git-subtree.sh
+GIT_SUBTREE    := git-subtree
+
+GIT_SUBTREE_DOC := git-subtree.1
+GIT_SUBTREE_XML := git-subtree.xml
+GIT_SUBTREE_TXT := git-subtree.txt
+
+all: $(GIT_SUBTREE)
+
+$(GIT_SUBTREE): $(GIT_SUBTREE_SH)
+	cp $< $@ && chmod +x $@
+
+doc: $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC)
+
+install: $(GIT_SUBTREE)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 755 $(GIT_SUBTREE) $(libexecdir)
+
+install-doc: install-man
+
+install-man: $(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC)
+	$(INSTALL) -m 644 $^ $(man1dir)
+
+$(GIT_SUBTREE_DOC): $(GIT_SUBTREE_XML)
+	xmlto -m $(MANPAGE_NORMAL_XSL)  man $^
+
+$(GIT_SUBTREE_XML): $(GIT_SUBTREE_TXT)
+	asciidoc -b docbook -d manpage -f $(ASCIIDOC_CONF) \
+		-agit_version=$(gitver) $^
+
+test:
+	$(MAKE) -C t/ test
+
+clean:
+	rm -f *~ *.xml *.html *.1
+	rm -rf subproj mainline
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/README b/contrib/subtree/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c686b4a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/README
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+
+Please read git-subtree.txt for documentation.
+
+Please don't contact me using github mail; it's slow, ugly, and worst of
+all, redundant. Email me instead at apenwarr@gmail.com and I'll be happy to
+help.
+
+Avery
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..920c664
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.sh
Binary files differ
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c5bce41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/git-subtree.txt
@@ -0,0 +1,366 @@
+git-subtree(1)
+==============
+
+NAME
+----
+git-subtree - Merge subtrees together and split repository into subtrees
+
+
+SYNOPSIS
+--------
+[verse]
+'git subtree' add   -P <prefix> <commit>
+'git subtree' pull  -P <prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
+'git subtree' push  -P <prefix> <repository> <refspec...>
+'git subtree' merge -P <prefix> <commit>
+'git subtree' split -P <prefix> [OPTIONS] [<commit>]
+
+
+DESCRIPTION
+-----------
+Subtrees allow subprojects to be included within a subdirectory
+of the main project, optionally including the subproject's
+entire history.
+
+For example, you could include the source code for a library
+as a subdirectory of your application.
+
+Subtrees are not to be confused with submodules, which are meant for
+the same task. Unlike submodules, subtrees do not need any special
+constructions (like .gitmodule files or gitlinks) be present in
+your repository, and do not force end-users of your
+repository to do anything special or to understand how subtrees
+work. A subtree is just a subdirectory that can be
+committed to, branched, and merged along with your project in
+any way you want.
+
+They are also not to be confused with using the subtree merge
+strategy. The main difference is that, besides merging
+the other project as a subdirectory, you can also extract the
+entire history of a subdirectory from your project and make it
+into a standalone project. Unlike the subtree merge strategy
+you can alternate back and forth between these
+two operations. If the standalone library gets updated, you can
+automatically merge the changes into your project; if you
+update the library inside your project, you can "split" the
+changes back out again and merge them back into the library
+project.
+
+For example, if a library you made for one application ends up being
+useful elsewhere, you can extract its entire history and publish
+that as its own git repository, without accidentally
+intermingling the history of your application project.
+
+[TIP]
+In order to keep your commit messages clean, we recommend that
+people split their commits between the subtrees and the main
+project as much as possible.  That is, if you make a change that
+affects both the library and the main application, commit it in
+two pieces.  That way, when you split the library commits out
+later, their descriptions will still make sense.  But if this
+isn't important to you, it's not *necessary*.  git subtree will
+simply leave out the non-library-related parts of the commit
+when it splits it out into the subproject later.
+
+
+COMMANDS
+--------
+add::
+	Create the <prefix> subtree by importing its contents
+	from the given <refspec> or <repository> and remote <refspec>.
+	A new commit is created	automatically, joining the imported
+	project's history with your own.  With '--squash', imports
+	only a single commit from the subproject, rather than its
+	entire history.
+
+merge::
+	Merge recent changes up to <commit> into the <prefix>
+	subtree.  As with normal 'git merge', this doesn't
+	remove your own local changes; it just merges those
+	changes into the latest <commit>.  With '--squash',
+	creates only one commit that contains all the changes,
+	rather than merging in the entire history.
+
+	If you use '--squash', the merge direction doesn't
+	always have to be forward; you can use this command to
+	go back in time from v2.5 to v2.4, for example.  If your
+	merge introduces a conflict, you can resolve it in the
+	usual ways.
+	
+pull::
+	Exactly like 'merge', but parallels 'git pull' in that
+	it fetches the given commit from the specified remote
+	repository.
+	
+push::
+	Does a 'split' (see below) using the <prefix> supplied
+	and then does a 'git push' to push the result to the 
+	repository and refspec. This can be used to push your
+	subtree to different branches of the remote repository.
+
+split::
+	Extract a new, synthetic project history from the
+	history of the <prefix> subtree.  The new history
+	includes only the commits (including merges) that
+	affected <prefix>, and each of those commits now has the
+	contents of <prefix> at the root of the project instead
+	of in a subdirectory.  Thus, the newly created history
+	is suitable for export as a separate git repository.
+	
+	After splitting successfully, a single commit id is
+	printed to stdout.  This corresponds to the HEAD of the
+	newly created tree, which you can manipulate however you
+	want.
+	
+	Repeated splits of exactly the same history are
+	guaranteed to be identical (ie. to produce the same
+	commit ids).  Because of this, if you add new commits
+	and then re-split, the new commits will be attached as
+	commits on top of the history you generated last time,
+	so 'git merge' and friends will work as expected.
+	
+	Note that if you use '--squash' when you merge, you
+	should usually not just '--rejoin' when you split.
+
+
+OPTIONS
+-------
+-q::
+--quiet::
+	Suppress unnecessary output messages on stderr.
+
+-d::
+--debug::
+	Produce even more unnecessary output messages on stderr.
+
+-P <prefix>::
+--prefix=<prefix>::
+	Specify the path in the repository to the subtree you
+	want to manipulate.  This option is mandatory
+	for all commands.
+
+-m <message>::
+--message=<message>::
+	This option is only valid for add, merge and pull (unsure).
+	Specify <message> as the commit message for the merge commit.
+
+
+OPTIONS FOR add, merge, push, pull
+----------------------------------
+--squash::
+	This option is only valid for add, merge, push and pull
+	commands.
+
+	Instead of merging the entire history from the subtree
+	project, produce only a single commit that contains all
+	the differences you want to merge, and then merge that
+	new commit into your project.
+	
+	Using this option helps to reduce log clutter. People
+	rarely want to see every change that happened between
+	v1.0 and v1.1 of the library they're using, since none of the
+	interim versions were ever included in their application.
+	
+	Using '--squash' also helps avoid problems when the same
+	subproject is included multiple times in the same
+	project, or is removed and then re-added.  In such a
+	case, it doesn't make sense to combine the histories
+	anyway, since it's unclear which part of the history
+	belongs to which subtree.
+	
+	Furthermore, with '--squash', you can switch back and
+	forth between different versions of a subtree, rather
+	than strictly forward.  'git subtree merge --squash'
+	always adjusts the subtree to match the exactly
+	specified commit, even if getting to that commit would
+	require undoing some changes that were added earlier.
+	
+	Whether or not you use '--squash', changes made in your
+	local repository remain intact and can be later split
+	and send upstream to the subproject.
+
+
+OPTIONS FOR split
+-----------------
+--annotate=<annotation>::
+	This option is only valid for the split command.
+
+	When generating synthetic history, add <annotation> as a
+	prefix to each commit message.  Since we're creating new
+	commits with the same commit message, but possibly
+	different content, from the original commits, this can help
+	to differentiate them and avoid confusion.
+	
+	Whenever you split, you need to use the same
+	<annotation>, or else you don't have a guarantee that
+	the new re-created history will be identical to the old
+	one.  That will prevent merging from working correctly. 
+	git subtree tries to make it work anyway, particularly
+	if you use --rejoin, but it may not always be effective.
+
+-b <branch>::
+--branch=<branch>::
+	This option is only valid for the split command.
+
+	After generating the synthetic history, create a new
+	branch called <branch> that contains the new history. 
+	This is suitable for immediate pushing upstream. 
+	<branch> must not already exist.
+
+--ignore-joins::
+	This option is only valid for the split command.
+
+	If you use '--rejoin', git subtree attempts to optimize
+	its history reconstruction to generate only the new
+	commits since the last '--rejoin'.  '--ignore-join'
+	disables this behaviour, forcing it to regenerate the
+	entire history.  In a large project, this can take a
+	long time.
+
+--onto=<onto>::
+	This option is only valid for the split command.
+
+	If your subtree was originally imported using something
+	other than git subtree, its history may not match what
+	git subtree is expecting.  In that case, you can specify
+	the commit id <onto> that corresponds to the first
+	revision of the subproject's history that was imported
+	into your project, and git subtree will attempt to build
+	its history from there.
+	
+	If you used 'git subtree add', you should never need
+	this option.
+
+--rejoin::
+	This option is only valid for the split command.
+
+	After splitting, merge the newly created synthetic
+	history back into your main project.  That way, future
+	splits can search only the part of history that has
+	been added since the most recent --rejoin.
+	
+	If your split commits end up merged into the upstream
+	subproject, and then you want to get the latest upstream
+	version, this will allow git's merge algorithm to more
+	intelligently avoid conflicts (since it knows these
+	synthetic commits are already part of the upstream
+	repository).
+	
+	Unfortunately, using this option results in 'git log'
+	showing an extra copy of every new commit that was
+	created (the original, and the synthetic one).
+	
+	If you do all your merges with '--squash', don't use
+	'--rejoin' when you split, because you don't want the
+	subproject's history to be part of your project anyway.
+
+
+EXAMPLE 1. Add command
+----------------------
+Let's assume that you have a local repository that you would like
+to add an external vendor library to. In this case we will add the
+git-subtree repository as a subdirectory of your already existing
+git-extensions repository in ~/git-extensions/:
+
+	$ git subtree add --prefix=git-subtree --squash \
+		git://github.com/apenwarr/git-subtree.git master
+
+'master' needs to be a valid remote ref and can be a different branch
+name
+
+You can omit the --squash flag, but doing so will increase the number
+of commits that are incldued in your local repository.
+
+We now have a ~/git-extensions/git-subtree directory containing code
+from the master branch of git://github.com/apenwarr/git-subtree.git
+in our git-extensions repository.
+
+EXAMPLE 2. Extract a subtree using commit, merge and pull
+---------------------------------------------------------
+Let's use the repository for the git source code as an example.
+First, get your own copy of the git.git repository:
+
+	$ git clone git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/git/git.git test-git
+	$ cd test-git
+
+gitweb (commit 1130ef3) was merged into git as of commit
+0a8f4f0, after which it was no longer maintained separately. 
+But imagine it had been maintained separately, and we wanted to
+extract git's changes to gitweb since that time, to share with
+the upstream.  You could do this:
+
+	$ git subtree split --prefix=gitweb --annotate='(split) ' \
+        	0a8f4f0^.. --onto=1130ef3 --rejoin \
+        	--branch gitweb-latest
+        $ gitk gitweb-latest
+        $ git push git@github.com:whatever/gitweb.git gitweb-latest:master
+        
+(We use '0a8f4f0^..' because that means "all the changes from
+0a8f4f0 to the current version, including 0a8f4f0 itself.")
+
+If gitweb had originally been merged using 'git subtree add' (or
+a previous split had already been done with --rejoin specified)
+then you can do all your splits without having to remember any
+weird commit ids:
+
+	$ git subtree split --prefix=gitweb --annotate='(split) ' --rejoin \
+		--branch gitweb-latest2
+
+And you can merge changes back in from the upstream project just
+as easily:
+
+	$ git subtree pull --prefix=gitweb \
+		git@github.com:whatever/gitweb.git master
+
+Or, using '--squash', you can actually rewind to an earlier
+version of gitweb:
+
+	$ git subtree merge --prefix=gitweb --squash gitweb-latest~10
+
+Then make some changes:
+
+	$ date >gitweb/myfile
+	$ git add gitweb/myfile
+	$ git commit -m 'created myfile'
+
+And fast forward again:
+
+	$ git subtree merge --prefix=gitweb --squash gitweb-latest
+
+And notice that your change is still intact:
+	
+	$ ls -l gitweb/myfile
+
+And you can split it out and look at your changes versus
+the standard gitweb:
+
+	git log gitweb-latest..$(git subtree split --prefix=gitweb)
+
+EXAMPLE 3. Extract a subtree using branch
+-----------------------------------------
+Suppose you have a source directory with many files and
+subdirectories, and you want to extract the lib directory to its own
+git project. Here's a short way to do it:
+
+First, make the new repository wherever you want:
+
+	$ <go to the new location>
+	$ git init --bare
+
+Back in your original directory:
+
+	$ git subtree split --prefix=lib --annotate="(split)" -b split
+
+Then push the new branch onto the new empty repository:
+
+	$ git push <new-repo> split:master
+
+
+AUTHOR
+------
+Written by Avery Pennarun <apenwarr@gmail.com>
+
+
+GIT
+---
+Part of the linkgit:git[1] suite
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile b/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c864810
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/t/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+# Run tests
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
+#
+
+-include ../../../config.mak.autogen
+-include ../../../config.mak
+
+#GIT_TEST_OPTS=--verbose --debug
+SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
+PERL_PATH ?= /usr/bin/perl
+TAR ?= $(TAR)
+RM ?= rm -f
+PROVE ?= prove
+DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET ?= test
+
+# Shell quote;
+SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+
+T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+
+all: $(DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET)
+
+test: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
+	$(MAKE) aggregate-results-and-cleanup
+
+prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
+	@echo "*** prove ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+	$(MAKE) clean
+
+$(T):
+	@echo "*** $@ ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
+
+pre-clean:
+	$(RM) -r test-results
+
+clean:
+	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* test-results
+	$(RM) -r valgrind/bin
+	$(RM) .prove
+
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
+
+test-lint-duplicates:
+	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
+		test -z "$$dups" || { \
+		echo >&2 "duplicate test numbers:" $$dups; exit 1; }
+
+test-lint-executable:
+	@bad=`for i in $(T); do test -x "$$i" || echo $$i; done` && \
+		test -z "$$bad" || { \
+		echo >&2 "non-executable tests:" $$bad; exit 1; }
+
+aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
+	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
+	$(MAKE) clean
+
+aggregate-results:
+	for f in ../../../t/test-results/t*-*.counts; do \
+		echo "$$f"; \
+	done | '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' ../../../t/aggregate-results.sh
+
+valgrind:
+	$(MAKE) GIT_TEST_OPTS="$(GIT_TEST_OPTS) --valgrind"
+
+test-results:
+	mkdir -p test-results
+
+.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..bc2eeb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/t/t7900-subtree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,508 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Avery Pennaraum
+#
+test_description='Basic porcelain support for subtrees
+
+This test verifies the basic operation of the merge, pull, add
+and split subcommands of git subtree.
+'
+
+export TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)/../../../t
+
+. ../../../t/test-lib.sh
+
+create()
+{
+	echo "$1" >"$1"
+	git add "$1"
+}
+
+
+check_equal()
+{
+	test_debug 'echo'
+	test_debug "echo \"check a:\" \"{$1}\""
+	test_debug "echo \"      b:\" \"{$2}\""
+	if [ "$1" = "$2" ]; then
+		return 0
+	else
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
+fixnl()
+{
+	t=""
+	while read x; do
+		t="$t$x "
+	done
+	echo $t
+}
+
+multiline()
+{
+	while read x; do
+		set -- $x
+		for d in "$@"; do
+			echo "$d"
+		done
+	done
+}
+
+undo()
+{
+	git reset --hard HEAD~
+}
+
+last_commit_message()
+{
+	git log --pretty=format:%s -1
+}
+
+# 1
+test_expect_success 'init subproj' '
+        test_create_repo subproj
+'
+
+# To the subproject!
+cd subproj
+
+# 2
+test_expect_success 'add sub1' '
+        create sub1 &&
+        git commit -m "sub1" &&
+        git branch sub1 &&
+        git branch -m master subproj
+'
+
+# 3
+test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
+        create sub2 &&
+        git commit -m "sub2" &&
+        git branch sub2
+'
+
+# 4
+test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
+        create sub3 &&
+        git commit -m "sub3" &&
+        git branch sub3
+'
+
+# Back to mainline
+cd ..
+
+# 5
+test_expect_success 'add main4' '
+        create main4 &&
+        git commit -m "main4" &&
+        git branch -m master mainline &&
+        git branch subdir
+'
+
+# 6
+test_expect_success 'fetch subproj history' '
+        git fetch ./subproj sub1 &&
+        git branch sub1 FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+# 7
+test_expect_success 'no subtree exists in main tree' '
+        test_must_fail git subtree merge --prefix=subdir sub1
+'
+
+# 8
+test_expect_success 'no pull from non-existant subtree' '
+        test_must_fail git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj sub1
+'
+
+# 9
+test_expect_success 'check if --message works for add' '
+        git subtree add --prefix=subdir --message="Added subproject" sub1 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 10
+test_expect_success 'check if --message works as -m and --prefix as -P' '
+        git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject using git subtree" sub1 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject using git subtree" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 11
+test_expect_success 'check if --message works with squash too' '
+        git subtree add -P subdir -m "Added subproject with squash" --squash sub1 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Added subproject with squash" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 12
+test_expect_success 'add subproj to mainline' '
+        git subtree add --prefix=subdir/ FETCH_HEAD &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Add '"'subdir/'"' from commit '"'"'''"$(git rev-parse sub1)"'''"'"'"
+'
+
+# 13
+# this shouldn't actually do anything, since FETCH_HEAD is already a parent
+test_expect_success 'merge fetched subproj' '
+        git merge -m "merge -s -ours" -s ours FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+# 14
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
+        create subdir/main-sub5 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub5"
+'
+
+# 15
+test_expect_success 'add main6' '
+        create main6 &&
+        git commit -m "main6 boring"
+'
+
+# 16
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub7' '
+        create subdir/main-sub7 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub7"
+'
+
+# 17
+test_expect_success 'fetch new subproj history' '
+        git fetch ./subproj sub2 &&
+        git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+# 18
+test_expect_success 'check if --message works for merge' '
+        git subtree merge --prefix=subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject" sub2 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 19
+test_expect_success 'check if --message for merge works with squash too' '
+        git subtree merge --prefix subdir -m "Merged changes from subproject using squash" --squash sub2 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merged changes from subproject using squash" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 20
+test_expect_success 'merge new subproj history into subdir' '
+        git subtree merge --prefix=subdir FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git branch pre-split &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Merge commit '"'"'"$(git rev-parse sub2)"'"'"' into mainline"
+'
+
+# 21
+test_expect_success 'Check that prefix argument is required for split' '
+        echo "You must provide the --prefix option." > expected &&
+        test_must_fail git subtree split > actual 2>&1 &&
+        test_debug "echo -n expected: " &&
+        test_debug "cat expected" &&
+        test_debug "echo -n actual: " &&
+        test_debug "cat actual" &&
+        test_cmp expected actual &&
+        rm -f expected actual
+'
+
+# 22
+test_expect_success 'Check that the <prefix> exists for a split' '
+        echo "'"'"'non-existent-directory'"'"'" does not exist\; use "'"'"'git subtree add'"'"'" > expected &&
+        test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix=non-existent-directory > actual 2>&1 &&
+        test_debug "echo -n expected: " &&
+        test_debug "cat expected" &&
+        test_debug "echo -n actual: " &&
+        test_debug "cat actual" &&
+        test_cmp expected actual
+#        rm -f expected actual
+'
+
+# 23
+test_expect_success 'check if --message works for split+rejoin' '
+        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
+        git branch spl1 "$spl1" &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Split & rejoin" &&
+        undo
+'
+
+# 24
+test_expect_success 'check split with --branch' '
+        spl1=$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin) &&
+        undo &&
+        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr1 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr1)"'' "$spl1"
+'
+
+# 25
+test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an existing branch' '
+        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
+        undo &&
+        git branch splitbr2 sub1 &&
+        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch splitbr2 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(git rev-parse splitbr2)"'' "$spl1"
+'
+
+# 26
+test_expect_success 'check split with --branch for an incompatible branch' '
+        test_must_fail git subtree split --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --branch subdir
+'
+
+
+# 27
+test_expect_success 'check split+rejoin' '
+        spl1=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --message "Split & rejoin" --rejoin)"'' &&
+        undo &&
+        git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --onto FETCH_HEAD --rejoin &&
+        check_equal ''"$(last_commit_message)"'' "Split '"'"'subdir/'"'"' into commit '"'"'"$spl1"'"'"'"
+'
+
+# 28
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub8' '
+        create subdir/main-sub8 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub8"
+'
+
+# To the subproject!
+cd ./subproj
+
+# 29
+test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
+        git fetch .. spl1 &&
+        git branch spl1 FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git merge FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+# 30
+test_expect_success 'add sub9' '
+        create sub9 &&
+        git commit -m "sub9"
+'
+
+# Back to mainline
+cd ..
+
+# 31
+test_expect_success 'split for sub8' '
+        split2=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir/ --rejoin)"''
+        git branch split2 "$split2"
+'
+
+# 32
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub10' '
+        create subdir/main-sub10 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub10"
+'
+
+# 33
+test_expect_success 'split for sub10' '
+        spl3=''"$(git subtree split --annotate='"'*'"' --prefix subdir --rejoin)"'' &&
+        git branch spl3 "$spl3"
+'
+
+# To the subproject!
+cd ./subproj
+
+# 34
+test_expect_success 'merge split into subproj' '
+        git fetch .. spl3 &&
+        git branch spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git merge FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git branch subproj-merge-spl3
+'
+
+chkm="main4 main6"
+chkms="main-sub10 main-sub5 main-sub7 main-sub8"
+chkms_sub=$(echo $chkms | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
+chks="sub1 sub2 sub3 sub9"
+chks_sub=$(echo $chks | multiline | sed 's,^,subdir/,' | fixnl)
+
+# 35
+test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the subproj' '
+        subfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
+        check_equal "$subfiles" "$chkms $chks"
+'
+
+# 36
+test_expect_success 'make sure the subproj history *only* contains commits that affect the subdir' '
+        allchanges=''"$(git log --name-only --pretty=format:'"''"' | sort | fixnl)"'' &&
+        check_equal "$allchanges" "$chkms $chks"
+'
+
+# Back to mainline
+cd ..
+
+# 37
+test_expect_success 'pull from subproj' '
+        git fetch ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3 &&
+        git branch subproj-merge-spl3 FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git subtree pull --prefix=subdir ./subproj subproj-merge-spl3
+'
+
+# 38
+test_expect_success 'make sure exactly the right set of files ends up in the mainline' '
+        mainfiles=''"$(git ls-files | fixnl)"'' &&
+        check_equal "$mainfiles" "$chkm $chkms_sub $chks_sub"
+'
+
+# 39
+test_expect_success 'make sure each filename changed exactly once in the entire history' '
+        # main-sub?? and /subdir/main-sub?? both change, because those are the
+        # changes that were split into their own history.  And subdir/sub?? never
+        # change, since they were *only* changed in the subtree branch.
+        allchanges=''"$(git log --name-only --pretty=format:'"''"' | sort | fixnl)"'' &&
+        check_equal "$allchanges" ''"$(echo $chkms $chkm $chks $chkms_sub | multiline | sort | fixnl)"''
+'
+
+# 40
+test_expect_success 'make sure the --rejoin commits never make it into subproj' '
+        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s'"' HEAD^2 | grep -i split)"'' ""
+'
+
+# 41
+test_expect_success 'make sure no "git subtree" tagged commits make it into subproj' '
+        # They are meaningless to subproj since one side of the merge refers to the mainline
+        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'%s%n%b'"' HEAD^2 | grep "git-subtree.*:")"'' ""
+'
+
+# prepare second pair of repositories
+mkdir test2
+cd test2
+
+# 42
+test_expect_success 'init main' '
+        test_create_repo main
+'
+
+cd main
+
+# 43
+test_expect_success 'add main1' '
+        create main1 &&
+        git commit -m "main1"
+'
+
+cd ..
+
+# 44
+test_expect_success 'init sub' '
+        test_create_repo sub
+'
+
+cd sub
+
+# 45
+test_expect_success 'add sub2' '
+        create sub2 &&
+        git commit -m "sub2"
+'
+
+cd ../main
+
+# check if split can find proper base without --onto
+
+# 46
+test_expect_success 'add sub as subdir in main' '
+        git fetch ../sub master &&
+        git branch sub2 FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git subtree add --prefix subdir sub2
+'
+
+cd ../sub
+
+# 47
+test_expect_success 'add sub3' '
+        create sub3 &&
+        git commit -m "sub3"
+'
+
+cd ../main
+
+# 48
+test_expect_success 'merge from sub' '
+        git fetch ../sub master &&
+        git branch sub3 FETCH_HEAD &&
+        git subtree merge --prefix subdir sub3
+'
+
+# 49
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub4' '
+        create subdir/main-sub4 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub4"
+'
+
+# 50
+test_expect_success 'split for main-sub4 without --onto' '
+        git subtree split --prefix subdir --branch mainsub4
+'
+
+# at this point, the new commit parent should be sub3 if it is not,
+# something went wrong (the "newparent" of "master~" commit should
+# have been sub3, but it was not, because its cache was not set to
+# itself)
+
+# 51
+test_expect_success 'check that the commit parent is sub3' '
+        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub4)"'' ''"$(git rev-parse sub3)"''
+'
+
+# 52
+test_expect_success 'add main-sub5' '
+        mkdir subdir2 &&
+        create subdir2/main-sub5 &&
+        git commit -m "main-sub5"
+'
+
+# 53
+test_expect_success 'split for main-sub5 without --onto' '
+        # also test that we still can split out an entirely new subtree
+        # if the parent of the first commit in the tree is not empty,
+        # then the new subtree has accidently been attached to something
+        git subtree split --prefix subdir2 --branch mainsub5 &&
+        check_equal ''"$(git log --pretty=format:%P -1 mainsub5)"'' ""
+'
+
+# make sure no patch changes more than one file.  The original set of commits
+# changed only one file each.  A multi-file change would imply that we pruned
+# commits too aggressively.
+joincommits()
+{
+	commit=
+	all=
+	while read x y; do
+		#echo "{$x}" >&2
+		if [ -z "$x" ]; then
+			continue
+		elif [ "$x" = "commit:" ]; then
+			if [ -n "$commit" ]; then
+				echo "$commit $all"
+				all=
+			fi
+			commit="$y"
+		else
+			all="$all $y"
+		fi
+	done
+	echo "$commit $all"
+}
+
+# 54
+test_expect_success 'verify one file change per commit' '
+        x= &&
+        list=''"$(git log --pretty=format:'"'commit: %H'"' | joincommits)"'' &&
+#        test_debug "echo HERE" &&
+#        test_debug "echo ''"$list"''" &&
+        (git log --pretty=format:'"'commit: %H'"' | joincommits |
+        (       while read commit a b; do
+		        test_debug "echo Verifying commit "''"$commit"''
+		        test_debug "echo a: "''"$a"''
+		        test_debug "echo b: "''"$b"''
+		        check_equal "$b" ""
+		        x=1
+	        done
+	        check_equal "$x" 1
+        ))
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/contrib/subtree/todo b/contrib/subtree/todo
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7e44b00
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/subtree/todo
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+
+	delete tempdir
+
+	'git subtree rejoin' option to do the same as --rejoin, eg. after a
+	  rebase
+
+	--prefix doesn't force the subtree correctly in merge/pull:
+	"-s subtree" should be given an explicit subtree option?
+		There doesn't seem to be a way to do this.  We'd have to
+		patch git-merge-subtree.  Ugh.
+		(but we could avoid this problem by generating squashes with
+		exactly the right subtree structure, rather than using
+		subtree merge...)
+
+	add a 'push' subcommand to parallel 'pull'
+	
+	add a 'log' subcommand to see what's new in a subtree?
+
+	add to-submodule and from-submodule commands
+
+	automated tests for --squash stuff
+
+	"add" command non-obviously requires a commitid; would be easier if
+		it had a "pull" sort of mode instead
+
+	"pull" and "merge" commands should fail if you've never merged
+		that --prefix before
+		
+	docs should provide an example of "add"
+	
+	note that the initial split doesn't *have* to have a commitid
+		specified... that's just an optimization
+
+	if you try to add (or maybe merge?) with an invalid commitid, you
+		get a misleading "prefix must end with /" message from
+		one of the other git tools that git-subtree calls.  Should
+		detect this situation and print the *real* problem.
+	
+	"pull --squash" should do fetch-synthesize-merge, but instead just
+		does "pull" directly, which doesn't work at all.
+
+	make a 'force-update' that does what 'add' does even if the subtree
+		already exists.  That way we can help people who imported
+		subtrees "incorrectly" (eg. by just copying in the files) in
+		the past.
+
+	guess --prefix automatically if possible based on pwd
+
+	make a 'git subtree grafts' that automatically expands --squash'd
+		commits so you can see the full history if you want it.
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
index 35db24f..f363505 100644
--- a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.c
@@ -10,7 +10,8 @@
 {
 	if (svndump_init(NULL))
 		return 1;
-	svndump_read((argc > 1) ? argv[1] : NULL);
+	svndump_read((argc > 1) ? argv[1] : NULL, "refs/heads/master",
+			"refs/notes/svn/revs");
 	svndump_deinit();
 	svndump_reset();
 	return 0;
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
index 72ffea0..1128ab2 100644
--- a/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svn-fe.txt
@@ -8,7 +8,10 @@
 SYNOPSIS
 --------
 [verse]
-svnadmin dump --incremental REPO | svn-fe [url] | git fast-import
+mkfifo backchannel &&
+svnadmin dump --deltas REPO |
+	svn-fe [url] 3<backchannel |
+	git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 3>backchannel
 
 DESCRIPTION
 -----------
@@ -29,9 +32,6 @@
 Files in this format can be generated using the 'svnadmin dump' or
 'svk admin dump' command.
 
-Dumps produced with 'svnadmin dump --deltas' (dumpfile format v3)
-are not supported.
-
 OUTPUT FORMAT
 -------------
 The fast-import format is documented by the git-fast-import(1)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 and 'UUID' the repository's identifier.
 
 To support incremental imports, 'svn-fe' puts a `git-svn-id` line at
-the end of each commit log message if passed an url on the command
+the end of each commit log message if passed a URL on the command
 line.  This line has the form `git-svn-id: URL@REVNO UUID`.
 
 The resulting repository will generally require further processing
diff --git a/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py b/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4e78a1c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/usr/bin/python
+"""
+Simulates svnrdump by replaying an existing dump from a file, taking care
+of the specified revision range.
+To simulate incremental imports the environment variable SVNRMAX can be set
+to the highest revision that should be available.
+"""
+import sys, os
+
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+        # The limiter is the ValueError() calls. This may be too conservative
+        sys.stderr.write("svnrdump-sim.py: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+def getrevlimit():
+        var = 'SVNRMAX'
+        if var in os.environ:
+                return os.environ[var]
+        return None
+
+def writedump(url, lower, upper):
+        if url.startswith('sim://'):
+                filename = url[6:]
+                if filename[-1] == '/': filename = filename[:-1] #remove terminating slash
+        else:
+                raise ValueError('sim:// url required')
+        f = open(filename, 'r');
+        state = 'header'
+        wroterev = False
+        while(True):
+                l = f.readline()
+                if l == '': break
+                if state == 'header' and l.startswith('Revision-number: '):
+                        state = 'prefix'
+                if state == 'prefix' and l == 'Revision-number: %s\n' % lower:
+                        state = 'selection'
+                if not upper == 'HEAD' and state == 'selection' and l == 'Revision-number: %s\n' % upper:
+                        break;
+
+                if state == 'header' or state == 'selection':
+                        if state == 'selection': wroterev = True
+                        sys.stdout.write(l)
+        return wroterev
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+        if not (len(sys.argv) in (3, 4, 5)):
+                print("usage: %s dump URL -rLOWER:UPPER")
+                sys.exit(1)
+        if not sys.argv[1] == 'dump': raise NotImplementedError('only "dump" is suppported.')
+        url = sys.argv[2]
+        r = ('0', 'HEAD')
+        if len(sys.argv) == 4 and sys.argv[3][0:2] == '-r':
+                r = sys.argv[3][2:].lstrip().split(':')
+        if not getrevlimit() is None: r[1] = getrevlimit()
+        if writedump(url, r[0], r[1]): ret = 0
+        else: ret = 1
+        sys.exit(ret)
diff --git a/contrib/vim/README b/contrib/vim/README
index fca1e17..8f16d06 100644
--- a/contrib/vim/README
+++ b/contrib/vim/README
@@ -17,16 +17,6 @@
 
   1. Copy these files to vim's syntax directory $HOME/.vim/syntax
   2. To auto-detect the editing of various git-related filetypes:
-	$ cat >>$HOME/.vim/filetype.vim <<'EOF'
-	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/COMMIT_EDITMSG    setf gitcommit
-	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/config,.gitconfig setf gitconfig
-	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead git-rebase-todo         setf gitrebase
-	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead .msg.[0-9]*
-		\ if getline(1) =~ '^From.*# This line is ignored.$' |
-		\   setf gitsendemail |
-		\ endif
-	autocmd BufNewFile,BufRead *.git/**
-		\ if getline(1) =~ '^\x\{40\}\>\|^ref: ' |
-		\   setf git |
-		\ endif
-	EOF
+
+	$ curl http://ftp.vim.org/pub/vim/runtime/filetype.vim |
+		sed -ne '/^" Git$/, /^$/ p' >>$HOME/.vim/filetype.vim
diff --git a/convert.c b/convert.c
index 3bb5a4d..3520252 100644
--- a/convert.c
+++ b/convert.c
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #include "attr.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "quote.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 /*
  * convert.c - convert a file when checking it out and checking it in.
@@ -195,9 +196,17 @@
 	char *dst;
 
 	if (crlf_action == CRLF_BINARY ||
-	    (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_FALSE) || !len)
+	    (crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS && auto_crlf == AUTO_CRLF_FALSE) ||
+	    (src && !len))
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * If we are doing a dry-run and have no source buffer, there is
+	 * nothing to analyze; we must assume we would convert.
+	 */
+	if (!buf && !src)
+		return 1;
+
 	gather_stats(src, len, &stats);
 
 	if (crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS) {
@@ -231,6 +240,13 @@
 	if (!stats.cr)
 		return 0;
 
+	/*
+	 * At this point all of our source analysis is done, and we are sure we
+	 * would convert. If we are in dry-run mode, we can give an answer.
+	 */
+	if (!buf)
+		return 1;
+
 	/* only grow if not in place */
 	if (strbuf_avail(buf) + buf->len < len)
 		strbuf_grow(buf, len - buf->len);
@@ -360,12 +376,16 @@
 	if (start_command(&child_process))
 		return error("cannot fork to run external filter %s", params->cmd);
 
+	sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+
 	write_err = (write_in_full(child_process.in, params->src, params->size) < 0);
 	if (close(child_process.in))
 		write_err = 1;
 	if (write_err)
 		error("cannot feed the input to external filter %s", params->cmd);
 
+	sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
+
 	status = finish_command(&child_process);
 	if (status)
 		error("external filter %s failed %d", params->cmd, status);
@@ -391,6 +411,9 @@
 	if (!cmd)
 		return 0;
 
+	if (!dst)
+		return 1;
+
 	memset(&async, 0, sizeof(async));
 	async.proc = filter_buffer;
 	async.data = &params;
@@ -429,11 +452,12 @@
 	struct convert_driver *next;
 	const char *smudge;
 	const char *clean;
+	int required;
 } *user_convert, **user_convert_tail;
 
 static int read_convert_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
-	const char *ep, *name;
+	const char *key, *name;
 	int namelen;
 	struct convert_driver *drv;
 
@@ -441,10 +465,8 @@
 	 * External conversion drivers are configured using
 	 * "filter.<name>.variable".
 	 */
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "filter.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 6)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "filter", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
-	name = var + 7;
-	namelen = ep - name;
 	for (drv = user_convert; drv; drv = drv->next)
 		if (!strncmp(drv->name, name, namelen) && !drv->name[namelen])
 			break;
@@ -455,8 +477,6 @@
 		user_convert_tail = &(drv->next);
 	}
 
-	ep++;
-
 	/*
 	 * filter.<name>.smudge and filter.<name>.clean specifies
 	 * the command line:
@@ -466,12 +486,17 @@
 	 * The command-line will not be interpolated in any way.
 	 */
 
-	if (!strcmp("smudge", ep))
+	if (!strcmp("smudge", key))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->smudge, var, value);
 
-	if (!strcmp("clean", ep))
+	if (!strcmp("clean", key))
 		return git_config_string(&drv->clean, var, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp("required", key)) {
+		drv->required = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -522,9 +547,12 @@
 {
 	char *dst, *dollar;
 
-	if (!ident || !count_ident(src, len))
+	if (!ident || (src && !count_ident(src, len)))
 		return 0;
 
+	if (!buf)
+		return 1;
+
 	/* only grow if not in place */
 	if (strbuf_avail(buf) + buf->len < len)
 		strbuf_grow(buf, len - buf->len);
@@ -641,7 +669,7 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int git_path_check_crlf(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+static enum crlf_action git_path_check_crlf(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 
@@ -658,7 +686,7 @@
 	return CRLF_GUESS;
 }
 
-static int git_path_check_eol(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
+static enum eol git_path_check_eol(const char *path, struct git_attr_check *check)
 {
 	const char *value = check->value;
 
@@ -747,20 +775,26 @@
 {
 	int ret = 0;
 	const char *filter = NULL;
+	int required = 0;
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
 
 	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
-	if (ca.drv)
+	if (ca.drv) {
 		filter = ca.drv->clean;
+		required = ca.drv->required;
+	}
 
 	ret |= apply_filter(path, src, len, dst, filter);
-	if (ret) {
+	if (!ret && required)
+		die("%s: clean filter '%s' failed", path, ca.drv->name);
+
+	if (ret && dst) {
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
 	ca.crlf_action = input_crlf_action(ca.crlf_action, ca.eol_attr);
 	ret |= crlf_to_git(path, src, len, dst, ca.crlf_action, checksafe);
-	if (ret) {
+	if (ret && dst) {
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
@@ -771,13 +805,16 @@
 					    size_t len, struct strbuf *dst,
 					    int normalizing)
 {
-	int ret = 0;
+	int ret = 0, ret_filter = 0;
 	const char *filter = NULL;
+	int required = 0;
 	struct conv_attrs ca;
 
 	convert_attrs(&ca, path);
-	if (ca.drv)
+	if (ca.drv) {
 		filter = ca.drv->smudge;
+		required = ca.drv->required;
+	}
 
 	ret |= ident_to_worktree(path, src, len, dst, ca.ident);
 	if (ret) {
@@ -796,7 +833,12 @@
 			len = dst->len;
 		}
 	}
-	return ret | apply_filter(path, src, len, dst, filter);
+
+	ret_filter = apply_filter(path, src, len, dst, filter);
+	if (!ret_filter && required)
+		die("%s: smudge filter %s failed", path, ca.drv->name);
+
+	return ret | ret_filter;
 }
 
 int convert_to_working_tree(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len, struct strbuf *dst)
@@ -811,7 +853,7 @@
 		src = dst->buf;
 		len = dst->len;
 	}
-	return ret | convert_to_git(path, src, len, dst, 0);
+	return ret | convert_to_git(path, src, len, dst, SAFE_CRLF_FALSE);
 }
 
 /*****************************************************************
@@ -876,43 +918,109 @@
 /*
  * LF-to-CRLF filter
  */
+
+struct lf_to_crlf_filter {
+	struct stream_filter filter;
+	unsigned has_held:1;
+	char held;
+};
+
 static int lf_to_crlf_filter_fn(struct stream_filter *filter,
 				const char *input, size_t *isize_p,
 				char *output, size_t *osize_p)
 {
-	size_t count;
+	size_t count, o = 0;
+	struct lf_to_crlf_filter *lf_to_crlf = (struct lf_to_crlf_filter *)filter;
 
-	if (!input)
-		return 0; /* we do not keep any states */
+	/*
+	 * We may be holding onto the CR to see if it is followed by a
+	 * LF, in which case we would need to go to the main loop.
+	 * Otherwise, just emit it to the output stream.
+	 */
+	if (lf_to_crlf->has_held && (lf_to_crlf->held != '\r' || !input)) {
+		output[o++] = lf_to_crlf->held;
+		lf_to_crlf->has_held = 0;
+	}
+
+	/* We are told to drain */
+	if (!input) {
+		*osize_p -= o;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	count = *isize_p;
-	if (count) {
-		size_t i, o;
-		for (i = o = 0; o < *osize_p && i < count; i++) {
+	if (count || lf_to_crlf->has_held) {
+		size_t i;
+		int was_cr = 0;
+
+		if (lf_to_crlf->has_held) {
+			was_cr = 1;
+			lf_to_crlf->has_held = 0;
+		}
+
+		for (i = 0; o < *osize_p && i < count; i++) {
 			char ch = input[i];
+
 			if (ch == '\n') {
-				if (o + 1 < *osize_p)
-					output[o++] = '\r';
-				else
-					break;
+				output[o++] = '\r';
+			} else if (was_cr) {
+				/*
+				 * Previous round saw CR and it is not followed
+				 * by a LF; emit the CR before processing the
+				 * current character.
+				 */
+				output[o++] = '\r';
 			}
+
+			/*
+			 * We may have consumed the last output slot,
+			 * in which case we need to break out of this
+			 * loop; hold the current character before
+			 * returning.
+			 */
+			if (*osize_p <= o) {
+				lf_to_crlf->has_held = 1;
+				lf_to_crlf->held = ch;
+				continue; /* break but increment i */
+			}
+
+			if (ch == '\r') {
+				was_cr = 1;
+				continue;
+			}
+
+			was_cr = 0;
 			output[o++] = ch;
 		}
 
 		*osize_p -= o;
 		*isize_p -= i;
+
+		if (!lf_to_crlf->has_held && was_cr) {
+			lf_to_crlf->has_held = 1;
+			lf_to_crlf->held = '\r';
+		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void lf_to_crlf_free_fn(struct stream_filter *filter)
+{
+	free(filter);
+}
+
 static struct stream_filter_vtbl lf_to_crlf_vtbl = {
 	lf_to_crlf_filter_fn,
-	null_free_fn,
+	lf_to_crlf_free_fn,
 };
 
-static struct stream_filter lf_to_crlf_filter_singleton = {
-	&lf_to_crlf_vtbl,
-};
+static struct stream_filter *lf_to_crlf_filter(void)
+{
+	struct lf_to_crlf_filter *lf_to_crlf = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*lf_to_crlf));
 
+	lf_to_crlf->filter.vtbl = &lf_to_crlf_vtbl;
+	return (struct stream_filter *)lf_to_crlf;
+}
 
 /*
  * Cascade filter
@@ -1194,7 +1302,7 @@
 
 	else if (output_eol(crlf_action) == EOL_CRLF &&
 		 !(crlf_action == CRLF_AUTO || crlf_action == CRLF_GUESS))
-		filter = cascade_filter(filter, &lf_to_crlf_filter_singleton);
+		filter = cascade_filter(filter, lf_to_crlf_filter());
 
 	return filter;
 }
diff --git a/convert.h b/convert.h
index d799a16..ec5fd69 100644
--- a/convert.h
+++ b/convert.h
@@ -40,6 +40,11 @@
 				   size_t len, struct strbuf *dst);
 extern int renormalize_buffer(const char *path, const char *src, size_t len,
 			      struct strbuf *dst);
+static inline int would_convert_to_git(const char *path, const char *src,
+				       size_t len, enum safe_crlf checksafe)
+{
+	return convert_to_git(path, src, len, NULL, checksafe);
+}
 
 /*****************************************************************
  *
diff --git a/credential-cache--daemon.c b/credential-cache--daemon.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..390f194
--- /dev/null
+++ b/credential-cache--daemon.c
@@ -0,0 +1,269 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "unix-socket.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+
+static const char *socket_path;
+
+static void cleanup_socket(void)
+{
+	if (socket_path)
+		unlink(socket_path);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_socket_on_signal(int sig)
+{
+	cleanup_socket();
+	sigchain_pop(sig);
+	raise(sig);
+}
+
+struct credential_cache_entry {
+	struct credential item;
+	unsigned long expiration;
+};
+static struct credential_cache_entry *entries;
+static int entries_nr;
+static int entries_alloc;
+
+static void cache_credential(struct credential *c, int timeout)
+{
+	struct credential_cache_entry *e;
+
+	ALLOC_GROW(entries, entries_nr + 1, entries_alloc);
+	e = &entries[entries_nr++];
+
+	/* take ownership of pointers */
+	memcpy(&e->item, c, sizeof(*c));
+	memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
+	e->expiration = time(NULL) + timeout;
+}
+
+static struct credential_cache_entry *lookup_credential(const struct credential *c)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < entries_nr; i++) {
+		struct credential *e = &entries[i].item;
+		if (credential_match(c, e))
+			return &entries[i];
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void remove_credential(const struct credential *c)
+{
+	struct credential_cache_entry *e;
+
+	e = lookup_credential(c);
+	if (e)
+		e->expiration = 0;
+}
+
+static int check_expirations(void)
+{
+	static unsigned long wait_for_entry_until;
+	int i = 0;
+	unsigned long now = time(NULL);
+	unsigned long next = (unsigned long)-1;
+
+	/*
+	 * Initially give the client 30 seconds to actually contact us
+	 * and store a credential before we decide there's no point in
+	 * keeping the daemon around.
+	 */
+	if (!wait_for_entry_until)
+		wait_for_entry_until = now + 30;
+
+	while (i < entries_nr) {
+		if (entries[i].expiration <= now) {
+			entries_nr--;
+			credential_clear(&entries[i].item);
+			if (i != entries_nr)
+				memcpy(&entries[i], &entries[entries_nr], sizeof(*entries));
+			/*
+			 * Stick around 30 seconds in case a new credential
+			 * shows up (e.g., because we just removed a failed
+			 * one, and we will soon get the correct one).
+			 */
+			wait_for_entry_until = now + 30;
+		}
+		else {
+			if (entries[i].expiration < next)
+				next = entries[i].expiration;
+			i++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!entries_nr) {
+		if (wait_for_entry_until <= now)
+			return 0;
+		next = wait_for_entry_until;
+	}
+
+	return next - now;
+}
+
+static int read_request(FILE *fh, struct credential *c,
+			struct strbuf *action, int *timeout) {
+	static struct strbuf item = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *p;
+
+	strbuf_getline(&item, fh, '\n');
+	p = skip_prefix(item.buf, "action=");
+	if (!p)
+		return error("client sent bogus action line: %s", item.buf);
+	strbuf_addstr(action, p);
+
+	strbuf_getline(&item, fh, '\n');
+	p = skip_prefix(item.buf, "timeout=");
+	if (!p)
+		return error("client sent bogus timeout line: %s", item.buf);
+	*timeout = atoi(p);
+
+	if (credential_read(c, fh) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void serve_one_client(FILE *in, FILE *out)
+{
+	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+	struct strbuf action = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int timeout = -1;
+
+	if (read_request(in, &c, &action, &timeout) < 0)
+		/* ignore error */ ;
+	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "get")) {
+		struct credential_cache_entry *e = lookup_credential(&c);
+		if (e) {
+			fprintf(out, "username=%s\n", e->item.username);
+			fprintf(out, "password=%s\n", e->item.password);
+		}
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "exit"))
+		exit(0);
+	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "erase"))
+		remove_credential(&c);
+	else if (!strcmp(action.buf, "store")) {
+		if (timeout < 0)
+			warning("cache client didn't specify a timeout");
+		else if (!c.username || !c.password)
+			warning("cache client gave us a partial credential");
+		else {
+			remove_credential(&c);
+			cache_credential(&c, timeout);
+		}
+	}
+	else
+		warning("cache client sent unknown action: %s", action.buf);
+
+	credential_clear(&c);
+	strbuf_release(&action);
+}
+
+static int serve_cache_loop(int fd)
+{
+	struct pollfd pfd;
+	unsigned long wakeup;
+
+	wakeup = check_expirations();
+	if (!wakeup)
+		return 0;
+
+	pfd.fd = fd;
+	pfd.events = POLLIN;
+	if (poll(&pfd, 1, 1000 * wakeup) < 0) {
+		if (errno != EINTR)
+			die_errno("poll failed");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (pfd.revents & POLLIN) {
+		int client, client2;
+		FILE *in, *out;
+
+		client = accept(fd, NULL, NULL);
+		if (client < 0) {
+			warning("accept failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			return 1;
+		}
+		client2 = dup(client);
+		if (client2 < 0) {
+			warning("dup failed: %s", strerror(errno));
+			close(client);
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		in = xfdopen(client, "r");
+		out = xfdopen(client2, "w");
+		serve_one_client(in, out);
+		fclose(in);
+		fclose(out);
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static void serve_cache(const char *socket_path)
+{
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = unix_stream_listen(socket_path);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to bind to '%s'", socket_path);
+
+	printf("ok\n");
+	fclose(stdout);
+
+	while (serve_cache_loop(fd))
+		; /* nothing */
+
+	close(fd);
+	unlink(socket_path);
+}
+
+static const char permissions_advice[] =
+"The permissions on your socket directory are too loose; other\n"
+"users may be able to read your cached credentials. Consider running:\n"
+"\n"
+"	chmod 0700 %s";
+static void check_socket_directory(const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	char *path_copy = xstrdup(path);
+	char *dir = dirname(path_copy);
+
+	if (!stat(dir, &st)) {
+		if (st.st_mode & 077)
+			die(permissions_advice, dir);
+		free(path_copy);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * We must be sure to create the directory with the correct mode,
+	 * not just chmod it after the fact; otherwise, there is a race
+	 * condition in which somebody can chdir to it, sleep, then try to open
+	 * our protected socket.
+	 */
+	if (safe_create_leading_directories_const(dir) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to create directories for '%s'", dir);
+	if (mkdir(dir, 0700) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to mkdir '%s'", dir);
+	free(path_copy);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	socket_path = argv[1];
+
+	if (!socket_path)
+		die("usage: git-credential-cache--daemon <socket_path>");
+	check_socket_directory(socket_path);
+
+	atexit(cleanup_socket);
+	sigchain_push_common(cleanup_socket_on_signal);
+
+	serve_cache(socket_path);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/credential-cache.c b/credential-cache.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9a03792
--- /dev/null
+++ b/credential-cache.c
@@ -0,0 +1,123 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+#include "unix-socket.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+
+#define FLAG_SPAWN 0x1
+#define FLAG_RELAY 0x2
+
+static int send_request(const char *socket, const struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	int got_data = 0;
+	int fd = unix_stream_connect(socket);
+
+	if (fd < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (write_in_full(fd, out->buf, out->len) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to write to cache daemon");
+	shutdown(fd, SHUT_WR);
+
+	while (1) {
+		char in[1024];
+		int r;
+
+		r = read_in_full(fd, in, sizeof(in));
+		if (r == 0)
+			break;
+		if (r < 0)
+			die_errno("read error from cache daemon");
+		write_or_die(1, in, r);
+		got_data = 1;
+	}
+	return got_data;
+}
+
+static void spawn_daemon(const char *socket)
+{
+	struct child_process daemon;
+	const char *argv[] = { NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	char buf[128];
+	int r;
+
+	memset(&daemon, 0, sizeof(daemon));
+	argv[0] = "git-credential-cache--daemon";
+	argv[1] = socket;
+	daemon.argv = argv;
+	daemon.no_stdin = 1;
+	daemon.out = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(&daemon))
+		die_errno("unable to start cache daemon");
+	r = read_in_full(daemon.out, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if (r < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to read result code from cache daemon");
+	if (r != 3 || memcmp(buf, "ok\n", 3))
+		die("cache daemon did not start: %.*s", r, buf);
+	close(daemon.out);
+}
+
+static void do_cache(const char *socket, const char *action, int timeout,
+		     int flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "action=%s\n", action);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "timeout=%d\n", timeout);
+	if (flags & FLAG_RELAY) {
+		if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
+			die_errno("unable to relay credential");
+	}
+
+	if (send_request(socket, &buf) < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT && errno != ECONNREFUSED)
+			die_errno("unable to connect to cache daemon");
+		if (flags & FLAG_SPAWN) {
+			spawn_daemon(socket);
+			if (send_request(socket, &buf) < 0)
+				die_errno("unable to connect to cache daemon");
+		}
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	char *socket_path = NULL;
+	int timeout = 900;
+	const char *op;
+	const char * const usage[] = {
+		"git credential-cache [options] <action>",
+		NULL
+	};
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_INTEGER(0, "timeout", &timeout,
+			    "number of seconds to cache credentials"),
+		OPT_STRING(0, "socket", &socket_path, "path",
+			   "path of cache-daemon socket"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage, 0);
+	if (!argc)
+		usage_with_options(usage, options);
+	op = argv[0];
+
+	if (!socket_path)
+		socket_path = expand_user_path("~/.git-credential-cache/socket");
+	if (!socket_path)
+		die("unable to find a suitable socket path; use --socket");
+
+	if (!strcmp(op, "exit"))
+		do_cache(socket_path, op, timeout, 0);
+	else if (!strcmp(op, "get") || !strcmp(op, "erase"))
+		do_cache(socket_path, op, timeout, FLAG_RELAY);
+	else if (!strcmp(op, "store"))
+		do_cache(socket_path, op, timeout, FLAG_RELAY|FLAG_SPAWN);
+	else
+		; /* ignore unknown operation */
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/credential-store.c b/credential-store.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..26f7589
--- /dev/null
+++ b/credential-store.c
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "parse-options.h"
+
+static struct lock_file credential_lock;
+
+static void parse_credential_file(const char *fn,
+				  struct credential *c,
+				  void (*match_cb)(struct credential *),
+				  void (*other_cb)(struct strbuf *))
+{
+	FILE *fh;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct credential entry = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+
+	fh = fopen(fn, "r");
+	if (!fh) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			die_errno("unable to open %s", fn);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fh, '\n') != EOF) {
+		credential_from_url(&entry, line.buf);
+		if (entry.username && entry.password &&
+		    credential_match(c, &entry)) {
+			if (match_cb) {
+				match_cb(&entry);
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		else if (other_cb)
+			other_cb(&line);
+	}
+
+	credential_clear(&entry);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	fclose(fh);
+}
+
+static void print_entry(struct credential *c)
+{
+	printf("username=%s\n", c->username);
+	printf("password=%s\n", c->password);
+}
+
+static void print_line(struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	strbuf_addch(buf, '\n');
+	write_or_die(credential_lock.fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+}
+
+static void rewrite_credential_file(const char *fn, struct credential *c,
+				    struct strbuf *extra)
+{
+	if (hold_lock_file_for_update(&credential_lock, fn, 0) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to get credential storage lock");
+	if (extra)
+		print_line(extra);
+	parse_credential_file(fn, c, NULL, print_line);
+	if (commit_lock_file(&credential_lock) < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to commit credential store");
+}
+
+static void store_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that what we are storing is actually sensible.
+	 * In particular, we can't make a URL without a protocol field.
+	 * Without either a host or pathname (depending on the scheme),
+	 * we have no primary key. And without a username and password,
+	 * we are not actually storing a credential.
+	 */
+	if (!c->protocol || !(c->host || c->path) ||
+	    !c->username || !c->password)
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s://", c->protocol);
+	strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&buf, c->username, 1);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, ':');
+	strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&buf, c->password, 1);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '@');
+	if (c->host)
+		strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&buf, c->host, 1);
+	if (c->path) {
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+		strbuf_addstr_urlencode(&buf, c->path, 0);
+	}
+
+	rewrite_credential_file(fn, c, &buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void remove_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+{
+	/*
+	 * Sanity check that we actually have something to match
+	 * against. The input we get is a restrictive pattern,
+	 * so technically a blank credential means "erase everything".
+	 * But it is too easy to accidentally send this, since it is equivalent
+	 * to empty input. So explicitly disallow it, and require that the
+	 * pattern have some actual content to match.
+	 */
+	if (c->protocol || c->host || c->path || c->username)
+		rewrite_credential_file(fn, c, NULL);
+}
+
+static int lookup_credential(const char *fn, struct credential *c)
+{
+	parse_credential_file(fn, c, print_entry, NULL);
+	return c->username && c->password;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	const char * const usage[] = {
+		"git credential-store [options] <action>",
+		NULL
+	};
+	const char *op;
+	struct credential c = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+	char *file = NULL;
+	struct option options[] = {
+		OPT_STRING(0, "file", &file, "path",
+			   "fetch and store credentials in <path>"),
+		OPT_END()
+	};
+
+	umask(077);
+
+	argc = parse_options(argc, argv, NULL, options, usage, 0);
+	if (argc != 1)
+		usage_with_options(usage, options);
+	op = argv[0];
+
+	if (!file)
+		file = expand_user_path("~/.git-credentials");
+	if (!file)
+		die("unable to set up default path; use --file");
+
+	if (credential_read(&c, stdin) < 0)
+		die("unable to read credential");
+
+	if (!strcmp(op, "get"))
+		lookup_credential(file, &c);
+	else if (!strcmp(op, "erase"))
+		remove_credential(file, &c);
+	else if (!strcmp(op, "store"))
+		store_credential(file, &c);
+	else
+		; /* Ignore unknown operation. */
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/credential.c b/credential.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e54753c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/credential.c
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "url.h"
+#include "prompt.h"
+
+void credential_init(struct credential *c)
+{
+	memset(c, 0, sizeof(*c));
+	c->helpers.strdup_strings = 1;
+}
+
+void credential_clear(struct credential *c)
+{
+	free(c->protocol);
+	free(c->host);
+	free(c->path);
+	free(c->username);
+	free(c->password);
+	string_list_clear(&c->helpers, 0);
+
+	credential_init(c);
+}
+
+int credential_match(const struct credential *want,
+		     const struct credential *have)
+{
+#define CHECK(x) (!want->x || (have->x && !strcmp(want->x, have->x)))
+	return CHECK(protocol) &&
+	       CHECK(host) &&
+	       CHECK(path) &&
+	       CHECK(username);
+#undef CHECK
+}
+
+static int credential_config_callback(const char *var, const char *value,
+				      void *data)
+{
+	struct credential *c = data;
+	const char *key, *dot;
+
+	key = skip_prefix(var, "credential.");
+	if (!key)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!value)
+		return config_error_nonbool(var);
+
+	dot = strrchr(key, '.');
+	if (dot) {
+		struct credential want = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+		char *url = xmemdupz(key, dot - key);
+		int matched;
+
+		credential_from_url(&want, url);
+		matched = credential_match(&want, c);
+
+		credential_clear(&want);
+		free(url);
+
+		if (!matched)
+			return 0;
+		key = dot + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(key, "helper"))
+		string_list_append(&c->helpers, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
+		if (!c->username)
+			c->username = xstrdup(value);
+	}
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "usehttppath"))
+		c->use_http_path = git_config_bool(var, value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int proto_is_http(const char *s)
+{
+	if (!s)
+		return 0;
+	return !strcmp(s, "https") || !strcmp(s, "http");
+}
+
+static void credential_apply_config(struct credential *c)
+{
+	if (c->configured)
+		return;
+	git_config(credential_config_callback, c);
+	c->configured = 1;
+
+	if (!c->use_http_path && proto_is_http(c->protocol)) {
+		free(c->path);
+		c->path = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void credential_describe(struct credential *c, struct strbuf *out)
+{
+	if (!c->protocol)
+		return;
+	strbuf_addf(out, "%s://", c->protocol);
+	if (c->username && *c->username)
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s@", c->username);
+	if (c->host)
+		strbuf_addstr(out, c->host);
+	if (c->path)
+		strbuf_addf(out, "/%s", c->path);
+}
+
+static char *credential_ask_one(const char *what, struct credential *c,
+				int flags)
+{
+	struct strbuf desc = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf prompt = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *r;
+
+	credential_describe(c, &desc);
+	if (desc.len)
+		strbuf_addf(&prompt, "%s for '%s': ", what, desc.buf);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&prompt, "%s: ", what);
+
+	r = git_prompt(prompt.buf, flags);
+
+	strbuf_release(&desc);
+	strbuf_release(&prompt);
+	return xstrdup(r);
+}
+
+static void credential_getpass(struct credential *c)
+{
+	if (!c->username)
+		c->username = credential_ask_one("Username", c,
+						 PROMPT_ASKPASS|PROMPT_ECHO);
+	if (!c->password)
+		c->password = credential_ask_one("Password", c,
+						 PROMPT_ASKPASS);
+}
+
+int credential_read(struct credential *c, FILE *fp)
+{
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	while (strbuf_getline(&line, fp, '\n') != EOF) {
+		char *key = line.buf;
+		char *value = strchr(key, '=');
+
+		if (!line.len)
+			break;
+
+		if (!value) {
+			warning("invalid credential line: %s", key);
+			strbuf_release(&line);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		*value++ = '\0';
+
+		if (!strcmp(key, "username")) {
+			free(c->username);
+			c->username = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "password")) {
+			free(c->password);
+			c->password = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "protocol")) {
+			free(c->protocol);
+			c->protocol = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "host")) {
+			free(c->host);
+			c->host = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
+			free(c->path);
+			c->path = xstrdup(value);
+		} else if (!strcmp(key, "url")) {
+			credential_from_url(c, value);
+		}
+		/*
+		 * Ignore other lines; we don't know what they mean, but
+		 * this future-proofs us when later versions of git do
+		 * learn new lines, and the helpers are updated to match.
+		 */
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void credential_write_item(FILE *fp, const char *key, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!value)
+		return;
+	fprintf(fp, "%s=%s\n", key, value);
+}
+
+void credential_write(const struct credential *c, FILE *fp)
+{
+	credential_write_item(fp, "protocol", c->protocol);
+	credential_write_item(fp, "host", c->host);
+	credential_write_item(fp, "path", c->path);
+	credential_write_item(fp, "username", c->username);
+	credential_write_item(fp, "password", c->password);
+}
+
+static int run_credential_helper(struct credential *c,
+				 const char *cmd,
+				 int want_output)
+{
+	struct child_process helper;
+	const char *argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
+	FILE *fp;
+
+	memset(&helper, 0, sizeof(helper));
+	argv[0] = cmd;
+	helper.argv = argv;
+	helper.use_shell = 1;
+	helper.in = -1;
+	if (want_output)
+		helper.out = -1;
+	else
+		helper.no_stdout = 1;
+
+	if (start_command(&helper) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	fp = xfdopen(helper.in, "w");
+	credential_write(c, fp);
+	fclose(fp);
+
+	if (want_output) {
+		int r;
+		fp = xfdopen(helper.out, "r");
+		r = credential_read(c, fp);
+		fclose(fp);
+		if (r < 0) {
+			finish_command(&helper);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (finish_command(&helper))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int credential_do(struct credential *c, const char *helper,
+			 const char *operation)
+{
+	struct strbuf cmd = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int r;
+
+	if (helper[0] == '!')
+		strbuf_addstr(&cmd, helper + 1);
+	else if (is_absolute_path(helper))
+		strbuf_addstr(&cmd, helper);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&cmd, "git credential-%s", helper);
+
+	strbuf_addf(&cmd, " %s", operation);
+	r = run_credential_helper(c, cmd.buf, !strcmp(operation, "get"));
+
+	strbuf_release(&cmd);
+	return r;
+}
+
+void credential_fill(struct credential *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (c->username && c->password)
+		return;
+
+	credential_apply_config(c);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->helpers.nr; i++) {
+		credential_do(c, c->helpers.items[i].string, "get");
+		if (c->username && c->password)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	credential_getpass(c);
+	if (!c->username && !c->password)
+		die("unable to get password from user");
+}
+
+void credential_approve(struct credential *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (c->approved)
+		return;
+	if (!c->username || !c->password)
+		return;
+
+	credential_apply_config(c);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->helpers.nr; i++)
+		credential_do(c, c->helpers.items[i].string, "store");
+	c->approved = 1;
+}
+
+void credential_reject(struct credential *c)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	credential_apply_config(c);
+
+	for (i = 0; i < c->helpers.nr; i++)
+		credential_do(c, c->helpers.items[i].string, "erase");
+
+	free(c->username);
+	c->username = NULL;
+	free(c->password);
+	c->password = NULL;
+	c->approved = 0;
+}
+
+void credential_from_url(struct credential *c, const char *url)
+{
+	const char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash, *host, *proto_end;
+
+	credential_clear(c);
+
+	/*
+	 * Match one of:
+	 *   (1) proto://<host>/...
+	 *   (2) proto://<user>@<host>/...
+	 *   (3) proto://<user>:<pass>@<host>/...
+	 */
+	proto_end = strstr(url, "://");
+	if (!proto_end)
+		return;
+	cp = proto_end + 3;
+	at = strchr(cp, '@');
+	colon = strchr(cp, ':');
+	slash = strchrnul(cp, '/');
+
+	if (!at || slash <= at) {
+		/* Case (1) */
+		host = cp;
+	}
+	else if (!colon || at <= colon) {
+		/* Case (2) */
+		c->username = url_decode_mem(cp, at - cp);
+		host = at + 1;
+	} else {
+		/* Case (3) */
+		c->username = url_decode_mem(cp, colon - cp);
+		c->password = url_decode_mem(colon + 1, at - (colon + 1));
+		host = at + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (proto_end - url > 0)
+		c->protocol = xmemdupz(url, proto_end - url);
+	if (slash - host > 0)
+		c->host = url_decode_mem(host, slash - host);
+	/* Trim leading and trailing slashes from path */
+	while (*slash == '/')
+		slash++;
+	if (*slash) {
+		char *p;
+		c->path = url_decode(slash);
+		p = c->path + strlen(c->path) - 1;
+		while (p > c->path && *p == '/')
+			*p-- = '\0';
+	}
+}
diff --git a/credential.h b/credential.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0c3e85e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/credential.h
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#ifndef CREDENTIAL_H
+#define CREDENTIAL_H
+
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+struct credential {
+	struct string_list helpers;
+	unsigned approved:1,
+		 configured:1,
+		 use_http_path:1;
+
+	char *username;
+	char *password;
+	char *protocol;
+	char *host;
+	char *path;
+};
+
+#define CREDENTIAL_INIT { STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP }
+
+void credential_init(struct credential *);
+void credential_clear(struct credential *);
+
+void credential_fill(struct credential *);
+void credential_approve(struct credential *);
+void credential_reject(struct credential *);
+
+int credential_read(struct credential *, FILE *);
+void credential_write(const struct credential *, FILE *);
+void credential_from_url(struct credential *, const char *url);
+int credential_match(const struct credential *have,
+		     const struct credential *want);
+
+#endif /* CREDENTIAL_H */
diff --git a/csum-file.c b/csum-file.c
index fc97d6e..53f5375 100644
--- a/csum-file.c
+++ b/csum-file.c
@@ -158,6 +158,26 @@
 	return f;
 }
 
+void sha1file_checkpoint(struct sha1file *f, struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
+{
+	sha1flush(f);
+	checkpoint->offset = f->total;
+	checkpoint->ctx = f->ctx;
+}
+
+int sha1file_truncate(struct sha1file *f, struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
+{
+	off_t offset = checkpoint->offset;
+
+	if (ftruncate(f->fd, offset) ||
+	    lseek(f->fd, offset, SEEK_SET) != offset)
+		return -1;
+	f->total = offset;
+	f->ctx = checkpoint->ctx;
+	f->offset = 0; /* sha1flush() was called in checkpoint */
+	return 0;
+}
+
 void crc32_begin(struct sha1file *f)
 {
 	f->crc32 = crc32(0, NULL, 0);
diff --git a/csum-file.h b/csum-file.h
index 6a7967c..3b540bd 100644
--- a/csum-file.h
+++ b/csum-file.h
@@ -17,6 +17,15 @@
 	unsigned char buffer[8192];
 };
 
+/* Checkpoint */
+struct sha1file_checkpoint {
+	off_t offset;
+	git_SHA_CTX ctx;
+};
+
+extern void sha1file_checkpoint(struct sha1file *, struct sha1file_checkpoint *);
+extern int sha1file_truncate(struct sha1file *, struct sha1file_checkpoint *);
+
 /* sha1close flags */
 #define CSUM_CLOSE	1
 #define CSUM_FSYNC	2
diff --git a/ctype.c b/ctype.c
index b5d856f..0bfebb4 100644
--- a/ctype.c
+++ b/ctype.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
  *
  * No surprises, and works with signed and unsigned chars.
  */
-#include "cache.h"
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
 
 enum {
 	S = GIT_SPACE,
@@ -11,17 +11,56 @@
 	D = GIT_DIGIT,
 	G = GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL,	/* *, ?, [, \\ */
 	R = GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL,	/* $, (, ), +, ., ^, {, | */
-	P = GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC  /* other non-alnum, except for ] and } */
+	P = GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC, /* other non-alnum, except for ] and } */
+	X = GIT_CNTRL,
+	U = GIT_PUNCT,
+	Z = GIT_CNTRL | GIT_SPACE
 };
 
-unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, S, S, 0, 0, S, 0, 0,		/*   0.. 15 */
-	0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0,		/*  16.. 31 */
+const unsigned char sane_ctype[256] = {
+	X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, Z, Z, X, X, Z, X, X,		/*   0.. 15 */
+	X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X, X,		/*  16.. 31 */
 	S, P, P, P, R, P, P, P, R, R, G, R, P, P, R, P,		/*  32.. 47 */
 	D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, D, P, P, P, P, P, G,		/*  48.. 63 */
 	P, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  64.. 79 */
-	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, 0, R, P,		/*  80.. 95 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, G, G, U, R, P,		/*  80.. 95 */
 	P, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A,		/*  96..111 */
-	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, 0, P, 0,		/* 112..127 */
+	A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, A, R, R, U, P, X,		/* 112..127 */
 	/* Nothing in the 128.. range */
 };
+
+/* For case-insensitive kwset */
+const char tolower_trans_tbl[256] = {
+	0x00, 0x01, 0x02, 0x03, 0x04, 0x05, 0x06, 0x07,
+	0x08, 0x09, 0x0a, 0x0b, 0x0c, 0x0d, 0x0e, 0x0f,
+	0x10, 0x11, 0x12, 0x13, 0x14, 0x15, 0x16, 0x17,
+	0x18, 0x19, 0x1a, 0x1b, 0x1c, 0x1d, 0x1e, 0x1f,
+	 ' ',  '!',  '"',  '#',  '$',  '%',  '&', 0x27,
+	 '(',  ')',  '*',  '+',  ',',  '-',  '.',  '/',
+	 '0',  '1',  '2',  '3',  '4',  '5',  '6',  '7',
+	 '8',  '9',  ':',  ';',  '<',  '=',  '>',  '?',
+	 '@',  'a',  'b',  'c',  'd',  'e',  'f',  'g',
+	 'h',  'i',  'j',  'k',  'l',  'm',  'n',  'o',
+	 'p',  'q',  'r',  's',  't',  'u',  'v',  'w',
+	 'x',  'y',  'z',  '[', 0x5c,  ']',  '^',  '_',
+	 '`',  'a',  'b',  'c',  'd',  'e',  'f',  'g',
+	 'h',  'i',  'j',  'k',  'l',  'm',  'n',  'o',
+	 'p',  'q',  'r',  's',  't',  'u',  'v',  'w',
+	 'x',  'y',  'z',  '{',  '|',  '}',  '~', 0x7f,
+	0x80, 0x81, 0x82, 0x83, 0x84, 0x85, 0x86, 0x87,
+	0x88, 0x89, 0x8a, 0x8b, 0x8c, 0x8d, 0x8e, 0x8f,
+	0x90, 0x91, 0x92, 0x93, 0x94, 0x95, 0x96, 0x97,
+	0x98, 0x99, 0x9a, 0x9b, 0x9c, 0x9d, 0x9e, 0x9f,
+	0xa0, 0xa1, 0xa2, 0xa3, 0xa4, 0xa5, 0xa6, 0xa7,
+	0xa8, 0xa9, 0xaa, 0xab, 0xac, 0xad, 0xae, 0xaf,
+	0xb0, 0xb1, 0xb2, 0xb3, 0xb4, 0xb5, 0xb6, 0xb7,
+	0xb8, 0xb9, 0xba, 0xbb, 0xbc, 0xbd, 0xbe, 0xbf,
+	0xc0, 0xc1, 0xc2, 0xc3, 0xc4, 0xc5, 0xc6, 0xc7,
+	0xc8, 0xc9, 0xca, 0xcb, 0xcc, 0xcd, 0xce, 0xcf,
+	0xd0, 0xd1, 0xd2, 0xd3, 0xd4, 0xd5, 0xd6, 0xd7,
+	0xd8, 0xd9, 0xda, 0xdb, 0xdc, 0xdd, 0xde, 0xdf,
+	0xe0, 0xe1, 0xe2, 0xe3, 0xe4, 0xe5, 0xe6, 0xe7,
+	0xe8, 0xe9, 0xea, 0xeb, 0xec, 0xed, 0xee, 0xef,
+	0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf2, 0xf3, 0xf4, 0xf5, 0xf6, 0xf7,
+	0xf8, 0xf9, 0xfa, 0xfb, 0xfc, 0xfd, 0xfe, 0xff,
+};
diff --git a/daemon.c b/daemon.c
index 5a10861..4602b46 100644
--- a/daemon.c
+++ b/daemon.c
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 static int log_syslog;
 static int verbose;
 static int reuseaddr;
+static int informative_errors;
 
 static const char daemon_usage[] =
 "git daemon [--verbose] [--syslog] [--export-all]\n"
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@
 "           [--interpolated-path=<path>]\n"
 "           [--reuseaddr] [--pid-file=<file>]\n"
 "           [--(enable|disable|allow-override|forbid-override)=<service>]\n"
+"           [--access-hook=<path>]\n"
 "           [--inetd | [--listen=<host_or_ipaddr>] [--port=<n>]\n"
 "                      [--detach] [--user=<user> [--group=<group>]]\n"
 "           [<directory>...]";
@@ -108,11 +110,11 @@
 	exit(1);
 }
 
-static char *path_ok(char *directory)
+static const char *path_ok(char *directory)
 {
 	static char rpath[PATH_MAX];
 	static char interp_path[PATH_MAX];
-	char *path;
+	const char *path;
 	char *dir;
 
 	dir = directory;
@@ -247,6 +249,79 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int daemon_error(const char *dir, const char *msg)
+{
+	if (!informative_errors)
+		msg = "access denied or repository not exported";
+	packet_write(1, "ERR %s: %s", msg, dir);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static char *access_hook;
+
+static int run_access_hook(struct daemon_service *service, const char *dir, const char *path)
+{
+	struct child_process child;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *argv[8];
+	const char **arg = argv;
+	char *eol;
+	int seen_errors = 0;
+
+#define STRARG(x) ((x) ? (x) : "")
+	*arg++ = access_hook;
+	*arg++ = service->name;
+	*arg++ = path;
+	*arg++ = STRARG(hostname);
+	*arg++ = STRARG(canon_hostname);
+	*arg++ = STRARG(ip_address);
+	*arg++ = STRARG(tcp_port);
+	*arg = NULL;
+#undef STRARG
+
+	memset(&child, 0, sizeof(child));
+	child.use_shell = 1;
+	child.argv = argv;
+	child.no_stdin = 1;
+	child.no_stderr = 1;
+	child.out = -1;
+	if (start_command(&child)) {
+		logerror("daemon access hook '%s' failed to start",
+			 access_hook);
+		goto error_return;
+	}
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, child.out, 0) < 0) {
+		logerror("failed to read from pipe to daemon access hook '%s'",
+			 access_hook);
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		seen_errors = 1;
+	}
+	if (close(child.out) < 0) {
+		logerror("failed to close pipe to daemon access hook '%s'",
+			 access_hook);
+		seen_errors = 1;
+	}
+	if (finish_command(&child))
+		seen_errors = 1;
+
+	if (!seen_errors) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+error_return:
+	strbuf_ltrim(&buf);
+	if (!buf.len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "service rejected");
+	eol = strchr(buf.buf, '\n');
+	if (eol)
+		*eol = '\0';
+	errno = EACCES;
+	daemon_error(dir, buf.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return -1;
+}
+
 static int run_service(char *dir, struct daemon_service *service)
 {
 	const char *path;
@@ -257,11 +332,11 @@
 	if (!enabled && !service->overridable) {
 		logerror("'%s': service not enabled.", service->name);
 		errno = EACCES;
-		goto failed;
+		return daemon_error(dir, "service not enabled");
 	}
 
 	if (!(path = path_ok(dir)))
-		goto failed;
+		return daemon_error(dir, "no such repository");
 
 	/*
 	 * Security on the cheap.
@@ -277,7 +352,7 @@
 	if (!export_all_trees && access("git-daemon-export-ok", F_OK)) {
 		logerror("'%s': repository not exported.", path);
 		errno = EACCES;
-		goto failed;
+		return daemon_error(dir, "repository not exported");
 	}
 
 	if (service->overridable) {
@@ -291,20 +366,23 @@
 		logerror("'%s': service not enabled for '%s'",
 			 service->name, path);
 		errno = EACCES;
-		goto failed;
+		return daemon_error(dir, "service not enabled");
 	}
 
 	/*
+	 * Optionally, a hook can choose to deny access to the
+	 * repository depending on the phase of the moon.
+	 */
+	if (access_hook && run_access_hook(service, dir, path))
+		return -1;
+
+	/*
 	 * We'll ignore SIGTERM from now on, we have a
 	 * good client.
 	 */
 	signal(SIGTERM, SIG_IGN);
 
 	return service->fn();
-
-failed:
-	packet_write(1, "ERR %s: access denied", dir);
-	return -1;
 }
 
 static void copy_to_log(int fd)
@@ -1081,6 +1159,8 @@
 
 	drop_privileges(cred);
 
+	loginfo("Ready to rumble");
+
 	return service_loop(&socklist);
 }
 
@@ -1094,6 +1174,8 @@
 	struct credentials *cred = NULL;
 	int i;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -1133,6 +1215,10 @@
 			export_all_trees = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--access-hook=")) {
+			access_hook = arg + 14;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--timeout=")) {
 			timeout = atoi(arg+10);
 			continue;
@@ -1208,6 +1294,14 @@
 			make_service_overridable(arg + 18, 0);
 			continue;
 		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--informative-errors")) {
+			informative_errors = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--no-informative-errors")) {
+			informative_errors = 0;
+			continue;
+		}
 		if (!strcmp(arg, "--")) {
 			ok_paths = &argv[i+1];
 			break;
@@ -1255,10 +1349,8 @@
 	if (inetd_mode || serve_mode)
 		return execute();
 
-	if (detach) {
+	if (detach)
 		daemonize();
-		loginfo("Ready to rumble");
-	}
 	else
 		sanitize_stdfds();
 
diff --git a/date.c b/date.c
index 353e0a5..57331ed 100644
--- a/date.c
+++ b/date.c
@@ -86,83 +86,98 @@
 	return offset * eastwest;
 }
 
-const char *show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
+void show_date_relative(unsigned long time, int tz,
 			       const struct timeval *now,
-			       char *timebuf,
-			       size_t timebuf_size)
+			       struct strbuf *timebuf)
 {
 	unsigned long diff;
-	if (now->tv_sec < time)
-		return "in the future";
+	if (now->tv_sec < time) {
+		strbuf_addstr(timebuf, _("in the future"));
+		return;
+	}
 	diff = now->tv_sec - time;
 	if (diff < 90) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu seconds ago", diff);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu second ago", "%lu seconds ago", diff), diff);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Turn it into minutes */
 	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
 	if (diff < 90) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu minutes ago", diff);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu minute ago", "%lu minutes ago", diff), diff);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Turn it into hours */
 	diff = (diff + 30) / 60;
 	if (diff < 36) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu hours ago", diff);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu hour ago", "%lu hours ago", diff), diff);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* We deal with number of days from here on */
 	diff = (diff + 12) / 24;
 	if (diff < 14) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu days ago", diff);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu day ago", "%lu days ago", diff), diff);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Say weeks for the past 10 weeks or so */
 	if (diff < 70) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu week ago", "%lu weeks ago", (diff + 3) / 7),
+			 (diff + 3) / 7);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Say months for the past 12 months or so */
 	if (diff < 365) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+			 Q_("%lu month ago", "%lu months ago", (diff + 15) / 30),
+			 (diff + 15) / 30);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Give years and months for 5 years or so */
 	if (diff < 1825) {
 		unsigned long totalmonths = (diff * 12 * 2 + 365) / (365 * 2);
 		unsigned long years = totalmonths / 12;
 		unsigned long months = totalmonths % 12;
-		int n;
-		n = snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu year%s",
-				years, (years > 1 ? "s" : ""));
-		if (months)
-			snprintf(timebuf + n, timebuf_size - n,
-					", %lu month%s ago",
-					months, (months > 1 ? "s" : ""));
-		else
-			snprintf(timebuf + n, timebuf_size - n, " ago");
-		return timebuf;
+		if (months) {
+			struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addf(&sb, Q_("%lu year", "%lu years", years), years);
+			/* TRANSLATORS: "%s" is "<n> years" */
+			strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+				 Q_("%s, %lu month ago", "%s, %lu months ago", months),
+				 sb.buf, months);
+			strbuf_release(&sb);
+		} else
+			strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+				 Q_("%lu year ago", "%lu years ago", years), years);
+		return;
 	}
 	/* Otherwise, just years. Centuries is probably overkill. */
-	snprintf(timebuf, timebuf_size, "%lu years ago", (diff + 183) / 365);
-	return timebuf;
+	strbuf_addf(timebuf,
+		 Q_("%lu year ago", "%lu years ago", (diff + 183) / 365),
+		 (diff + 183) / 365);
 }
 
 const char *show_date(unsigned long time, int tz, enum date_mode mode)
 {
 	struct tm *tm;
-	static char timebuf[200];
+	static struct strbuf timebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (mode == DATE_RAW) {
-		snprintf(timebuf, sizeof(timebuf), "%lu %+05d", time, tz);
-		return timebuf;
+		strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%lu %+05d", time, tz);
+		return timebuf.buf;
 	}
 
 	if (mode == DATE_RELATIVE) {
 		struct timeval now;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
 		gettimeofday(&now, NULL);
-		return show_date_relative(time, tz, &now,
-					  timebuf, sizeof(timebuf));
+		show_date_relative(time, tz, &now, &timebuf);
+		return timebuf.buf;
 	}
 
 	if (mode == DATE_LOCAL)
@@ -171,23 +186,25 @@
 	tm = time_to_tm(time, tz);
 	if (!tm)
 		return NULL;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&timebuf);
 	if (mode == DATE_SHORT)
-		sprintf(timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d", tm->tm_year + 1900,
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d", tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				tm->tm_mon + 1, tm->tm_mday);
 	else if (mode == DATE_ISO8601)
-		sprintf(timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
 				tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				tm->tm_mon + 1,
 				tm->tm_mday,
 				tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec,
 				tz);
 	else if (mode == DATE_RFC2822)
-		sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s, %d %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%.3s, %d %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %+05d",
 			weekday_names[tm->tm_wday], tm->tm_mday,
 			month_names[tm->tm_mon], tm->tm_year + 1900,
 			tm->tm_hour, tm->tm_min, tm->tm_sec, tz);
 	else
-		sprintf(timebuf, "%.3s %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %d%c%+05d",
+		strbuf_addf(&timebuf, "%.3s %.3s %d %02d:%02d:%02d %d%c%+05d",
 				weekday_names[tm->tm_wday],
 				month_names[tm->tm_mon],
 				tm->tm_mday,
@@ -195,7 +212,7 @@
 				tm->tm_year + 1900,
 				(mode == DATE_LOCAL) ? 0 : ' ',
 				tz);
-	return timebuf;
+	return timebuf.buf;
 }
 
 /*
@@ -597,6 +614,33 @@
 	return snprintf(buf, len, "%lu %c%02d%02d", date, sign, offset / 60, offset % 60);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Parse a string like "0 +0000" as ancient timestamp near epoch, but
+ * only when it appears not as part of any other string.
+ */
+static int match_object_header_date(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
+{
+	char *end;
+	unsigned long stamp;
+	int ofs;
+
+	if (*date < '0' || '9' < *date)
+		return -1;
+	stamp = strtoul(date, &end, 10);
+	if (*end != ' ' || stamp == ULONG_MAX || (end[1] != '+' && end[1] != '-'))
+		return -1;
+	date = end + 2;
+	ofs = strtol(date, &end, 10);
+	if ((*end != '\0' && (*end != '\n')) || end != date + 4)
+		return -1;
+	ofs = (ofs / 100) * 60 + (ofs % 100);
+	if (date[-1] == '-')
+		ofs = -ofs;
+	*timestamp = stamp;
+	*offset = ofs;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 /* Gr. strptime is crap for this; it doesn't have a way to require RFC2822
    (i.e. English) day/month names, and it doesn't work correctly with %z. */
 int parse_date_basic(const char *date, unsigned long *timestamp, int *offset)
@@ -622,6 +666,9 @@
 	*offset = -1;
 	tm_gmt = 0;
 
+	if (*date == '@' &&
+	    !match_object_header_date(date + 1, timestamp, offset))
+		return 0; /* success */
 	for (;;) {
 		int match = 0;
 		unsigned char c = *date;
diff --git a/diff-lib.c b/diff-lib.c
index 62f4cd9..f35de0f 100644
--- a/diff-lib.c
+++ b/diff-lib.c
@@ -206,7 +206,8 @@
 			if (silent_on_removed)
 				continue;
 			diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, '-', ce->ce_mode,
-				       ce->sha1, ce->name, 0);
+				       ce->sha1, !is_null_sha1(ce->sha1),
+				       ce->name, 0);
 			continue;
 		}
 		changed = match_stat_with_submodule(&revs->diffopt, ce, &st,
@@ -220,6 +221,7 @@
 		newmode = ce_mode_from_stat(ce, st.st_mode);
 		diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, newmode,
 			    ce->sha1, (changed ? null_sha1 : ce->sha1),
+			    !is_null_sha1(ce->sha1), (changed ? 0 : !is_null_sha1(ce->sha1)),
 			    ce->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
 
 	}
@@ -236,11 +238,12 @@
 static void diff_index_show_file(struct rev_info *revs,
 				 const char *prefix,
 				 struct cache_entry *ce,
-				 const unsigned char *sha1, unsigned int mode,
+				 const unsigned char *sha1, int sha1_valid,
+				 unsigned int mode,
 				 unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	diff_addremove(&revs->diffopt, prefix[0], mode,
-		       sha1, ce->name, dirty_submodule);
+		       sha1, sha1_valid, ce->name, dirty_submodule);
 }
 
 static int get_stat_data(struct cache_entry *ce,
@@ -295,7 +298,7 @@
 	    &dirty_submodule, &revs->diffopt) < 0)
 		return;
 
-	diff_index_show_file(revs, "+", new, sha1, mode, dirty_submodule);
+	diff_index_show_file(revs, "+", new, sha1, !is_null_sha1(sha1), mode, dirty_submodule);
 }
 
 static int show_modified(struct rev_info *revs,
@@ -312,7 +315,7 @@
 			  &dirty_submodule, &revs->diffopt) < 0) {
 		if (report_missing)
 			diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", old,
-					     old->sha1, old->ce_mode, 0);
+					     old->sha1, 1, old->ce_mode, 0);
 		return -1;
 	}
 
@@ -347,7 +350,8 @@
 		return 0;
 
 	diff_change(&revs->diffopt, oldmode, mode,
-		    old->sha1, sha1, old->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
+		    old->sha1, sha1, 1, !is_null_sha1(sha1),
+		    old->name, 0, dirty_submodule);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -380,7 +384,7 @@
 		struct diff_filepair *pair;
 		pair = diff_unmerge(&revs->diffopt, idx->name);
 		if (tree)
-			fill_filespec(pair->one, tree->sha1, tree->ce_mode);
+			fill_filespec(pair->one, tree->sha1, 1, tree->ce_mode);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -396,7 +400,7 @@
 	 * Something removed from the tree?
 	 */
 	if (!idx) {
-		diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", tree, tree->sha1, tree->ce_mode, 0);
+		diff_index_show_file(revs, "-", tree, tree->sha1, 1, tree->ce_mode, 0);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -469,6 +473,8 @@
 	opts.src_index = &the_index;
 	opts.dst_index = NULL;
 	opts.pathspec = &revs->diffopt.pathspec;
+	opts.pathspec->recursive = 1;
+	opts.pathspec->max_depth = -1;
 
 	init_tree_desc(&t, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 	return unpack_trees(1, &t, &opts);
diff --git a/diff-no-index.c b/diff-no-index.c
index 3a36144..74da659 100644
--- a/diff-no-index.c
+++ b/diff-no-index.c
@@ -32,6 +32,13 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+/*
+ * This should be "(standard input)" or something, but it will
+ * probably expose many more breakages in the way no-index code
+ * is bolted onto the diff callchain.
+ */
+static const char file_from_standard_input[] = "-";
+
 static int get_mode(const char *path, int *mode)
 {
 	struct stat st;
@@ -42,7 +49,7 @@
 	else if (!strcasecmp(path, "nul"))
 		*mode = 0;
 #endif
-	else if (!strcmp(path, "-"))
+	else if (path == file_from_standard_input)
 		*mode = create_ce_mode(0666);
 	else if (lstat(path, &st))
 		return error("Could not access '%s'", path);
@@ -51,8 +58,38 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int populate_from_stdin(struct diff_filespec *s)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t size = 0;
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
+		return error("error while reading from stdin %s",
+				     strerror(errno));
+
+	s->should_munmap = 0;
+	s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
+	s->size = size;
+	s->should_free = 1;
+	s->is_stdin = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct diff_filespec *noindex_filespec(const char *name, int mode)
+{
+	struct diff_filespec *s;
+
+	if (!name)
+		name = "/dev/null";
+	s = alloc_filespec(name);
+	fill_filespec(s, null_sha1, 0, mode);
+	if (name == file_from_standard_input)
+		populate_from_stdin(s);
+	return s;
+}
+
 static int queue_diff(struct diff_options *o,
-		const char *name1, const char *name2)
+		      const char *name1, const char *name2)
 {
 	int mode1 = 0, mode2 = 0;
 
@@ -63,10 +100,12 @@
 		return error("file/directory conflict: %s, %s", name1, name2);
 
 	if (S_ISDIR(mode1) || S_ISDIR(mode2)) {
-		char buffer1[PATH_MAX], buffer2[PATH_MAX];
+		struct strbuf buffer1 = STRBUF_INIT;
+		struct strbuf buffer2 = STRBUF_INIT;
 		struct string_list p1 = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 		struct string_list p2 = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
-		int len1 = 0, len2 = 0, i1, i2, ret = 0;
+		int i1, i2, ret = 0;
+		size_t len1 = 0, len2 = 0;
 
 		if (name1 && read_directory(name1, &p1))
 			return -1;
@@ -76,53 +115,53 @@
 		}
 
 		if (name1) {
-			len1 = strlen(name1);
-			if (len1 > 0 && name1[len1 - 1] == '/')
-				len1--;
-			memcpy(buffer1, name1, len1);
-			buffer1[len1++] = '/';
+			strbuf_addstr(&buffer1, name1);
+			if (buffer1.len && buffer1.buf[buffer1.len - 1] != '/')
+				strbuf_addch(&buffer1, '/');
+			len1 = buffer1.len;
 		}
 
 		if (name2) {
-			len2 = strlen(name2);
-			if (len2 > 0 && name2[len2 - 1] == '/')
-				len2--;
-			memcpy(buffer2, name2, len2);
-			buffer2[len2++] = '/';
+			strbuf_addstr(&buffer2, name2);
+			if (buffer2.len && buffer2.buf[buffer2.len - 1] != '/')
+				strbuf_addch(&buffer2, '/');
+			len2 = buffer2.len;
 		}
 
 		for (i1 = i2 = 0; !ret && (i1 < p1.nr || i2 < p2.nr); ) {
 			const char *n1, *n2;
 			int comp;
 
+			strbuf_setlen(&buffer1, len1);
+			strbuf_setlen(&buffer2, len2);
+
 			if (i1 == p1.nr)
 				comp = 1;
 			else if (i2 == p2.nr)
 				comp = -1;
 			else
-				comp = strcmp(p1.items[i1].string,
-					p2.items[i2].string);
+				comp = strcmp(p1.items[i1].string, p2.items[i2].string);
 
 			if (comp > 0)
 				n1 = NULL;
 			else {
-				n1 = buffer1;
-				strncpy(buffer1 + len1, p1.items[i1++].string,
-						PATH_MAX - len1);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buffer1, p1.items[i1++].string);
+				n1 = buffer1.buf;
 			}
 
 			if (comp < 0)
 				n2 = NULL;
 			else {
-				n2 = buffer2;
-				strncpy(buffer2 + len2, p2.items[i2++].string,
-						PATH_MAX - len2);
+				strbuf_addstr(&buffer2, p2.items[i2++].string);
+				n2 = buffer2.buf;
 			}
 
 			ret = queue_diff(o, n1, n2);
 		}
 		string_list_clear(&p1, 0);
 		string_list_clear(&p2, 0);
+		strbuf_release(&buffer1);
+		strbuf_release(&buffer2);
 
 		return ret;
 	} else {
@@ -135,44 +174,21 @@
 			tmp_c = name1; name1 = name2; name2 = tmp_c;
 		}
 
-		if (!name1)
-			name1 = "/dev/null";
-		if (!name2)
-			name2 = "/dev/null";
-		d1 = alloc_filespec(name1);
-		d2 = alloc_filespec(name2);
-		fill_filespec(d1, null_sha1, mode1);
-		fill_filespec(d2, null_sha1, mode2);
-
+		d1 = noindex_filespec(name1, mode1);
+		d2 = noindex_filespec(name2, mode2);
 		diff_queue(&diff_queued_diff, d1, d2);
 		return 0;
 	}
 }
 
-static int path_outside_repo(const char *path)
-{
-	const char *work_tree;
-	size_t len;
-
-	if (!is_absolute_path(path))
-		return 0;
-	work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
-	if (!work_tree)
-		return 1;
-	len = strlen(work_tree);
-	if (strncmp(path, work_tree, len) ||
-	    (path[len] != '\0' && path[len] != '/'))
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 void diff_no_index(struct rev_info *revs,
 		   int argc, const char **argv,
 		   int nongit, const char *prefix)
 {
-	int i;
+	int i, prefixlen;
 	int no_index = 0;
 	unsigned options = 0;
+	const char *paths[2];
 
 	/* Were we asked to do --no-index explicitly? */
 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
@@ -195,8 +211,8 @@
 		 * a colourful "diff" replacement.
 		 */
 		if ((argc != i + 2) ||
-		    (!path_outside_repo(argv[i]) &&
-		     !path_outside_repo(argv[i+1])))
+		    (path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i]) &&
+		     path_inside_repo(prefix, argv[i+1])))
 			return;
 	}
 	if (argc != i + 2)
@@ -222,46 +238,32 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	/*
-	 * If the user asked for our exit code then don't start a
-	 * pager or we would end up reporting its exit code instead.
-	 */
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS))
-		setup_pager();
-
-	if (prefix) {
-		int len = strlen(prefix);
-		const char *paths[3];
-		memset(paths, 0, sizeof(paths));
-
-		for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
-			const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
+	prefixlen = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+	for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
+		const char *p = argv[argc - 2 + i];
+		if (!strcmp(p, "-"))
 			/*
-			 * stdin should be spelled as '-'; if you have
-			 * path that is '-', spell it as ./-.
+			 * stdin should be spelled as "-"; if you have
+			 * path that is "-", spell it as "./-".
 			 */
-			p = (strcmp(p, "-")
-			     ? xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, len, p))
-			     : p);
-			paths[i] = p;
-		}
-		diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &revs->diffopt);
+			p = file_from_standard_input;
+		else if (prefixlen)
+			p = xstrdup(prefix_filename(prefix, prefixlen, p));
+		paths[i] = p;
 	}
-	else
-		diff_tree_setup_paths(argv + argc - 2, &revs->diffopt);
 	revs->diffopt.skip_stat_unmatch = 1;
 	if (!revs->diffopt.output_format)
 		revs->diffopt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
 
-	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, NO_INDEX);
 
 	revs->max_count = -2;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt);
 
-	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw[0],
-		       revs->diffopt.pathspec.raw[1]))
+	setup_diff_pager(&revs->diffopt);
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
+
+	if (queue_diff(&revs->diffopt, paths[0], paths[1]))
 		exit(1);
 	diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(&revs->diffopt, "1/", "2/");
 	diffcore_std(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -271,5 +273,5 @@
 	 * The return code for --no-index imitates diff(1):
 	 * 0 = no changes, 1 = changes, else error
 	 */
-	exit(revs->diffopt.found_changes);
+	exit(diff_result_code(&revs->diffopt, 0));
 }
diff --git a/diff.c b/diff.c
index 374ecf3..348f71b 100644
--- a/diff.c
+++ b/diff.c
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
 #include "ll-merge.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 #ifdef NO_FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY
 #define FAST_WORKING_DIRECTORY 0
@@ -25,12 +26,14 @@
 static int diff_detect_rename_default;
 static int diff_rename_limit_default = 400;
 static int diff_suppress_blank_empty;
-int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static int diff_use_color_default = -1;
+static int diff_context_default = 3;
 static const char *diff_word_regex_cfg;
 static const char *external_diff_cmd_cfg;
 int diff_auto_refresh_index = 1;
 static int diff_mnemonic_prefix;
 static int diff_no_prefix;
+static int diff_stat_graph_width;
 static int diff_dirstat_permille_default = 30;
 static struct diff_options default_diff_options;
 
@@ -67,26 +70,30 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int parse_dirstat_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *params,
+static int parse_dirstat_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *params_string,
 				struct strbuf *errmsg)
 {
-	const char *p = params;
-	int p_len, ret = 0;
+	char *params_copy = xstrdup(params_string);
+	struct string_list params = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	int ret = 0;
+	int i;
 
-	while (*p) {
-		p_len = strchrnul(p, ',') - p;
-		if (!memcmp(p, "changes", p_len)) {
+	if (*params_copy)
+		string_list_split_in_place(&params, params_copy, ',', -1);
+	for (i = 0; i < params.nr; i++) {
+		const char *p = params.items[i].string;
+		if (!strcmp(p, "changes")) {
 			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
 			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
-		} else if (!memcmp(p, "lines", p_len)) {
+		} else if (!strcmp(p, "lines")) {
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
 			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
-		} else if (!memcmp(p, "files", p_len)) {
+		} else if (!strcmp(p, "files")) {
 			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_BY_LINE);
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_BY_FILE);
-		} else if (!memcmp(p, "noncumulative", p_len)) {
+		} else if (!strcmp(p, "noncumulative")) {
 			DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
-		} else if (!memcmp(p, "cumulative", p_len)) {
+		} else if (!strcmp(p, "cumulative")) {
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, DIRSTAT_CUMULATIVE);
 		} else if (isdigit(*p)) {
 			char *end;
@@ -98,27 +105,35 @@
 				while (isdigit(*++end))
 					; /* nothing */
 			}
-			if (end - p == p_len)
+			if (!*end)
 				options->dirstat_permille = permille;
 			else {
-				strbuf_addf(errmsg, _("  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"),
-					    p_len, p);
+				strbuf_addf(errmsg, _("  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"),
+					    p);
 				ret++;
 			}
 		} else {
-			strbuf_addf(errmsg, _("  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"),
-				    p_len, p);
+			strbuf_addf(errmsg, _("  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"), p);
 			ret++;
 		}
 
-		p += p_len;
-
-		if (*p)
-			p++; /* more parameters, swallow separator */
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&params, 0);
+	free(params_copy);
 	return ret;
 }
 
+static int parse_submodule_params(struct diff_options *options, const char *value)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(value, "log"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+	else if (!strcmp(value, "short"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
+	else
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int git_config_rename(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
 	if (!value)
@@ -140,6 +155,12 @@
 		diff_use_color_default = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.context")) {
+		diff_context_default = git_config_int(var, value);
+		if (diff_context_default < 0)
+			return -1;
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.renames")) {
 		diff_detect_rename_default = git_config_rename(var, value);
 		return 0;
@@ -156,6 +177,10 @@
 		diff_no_prefix = git_config_bool(var, value);
 		return 0;
 	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.statgraphwidth")) {
+		diff_stat_graph_width = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.external"))
 		return git_config_string(&external_diff_cmd_cfg, var, value);
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.wordregex"))
@@ -164,6 +189,13 @@
 	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.ignoresubmodules"))
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(&default_diff_options, value);
 
+	if (!strcmp(var, "diff.submodule")) {
+		if (parse_submodule_params(&default_diff_options, value))
+			warning(_("Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"),
+				value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
 	if (git_color_config(var, value, cb) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
@@ -177,11 +209,8 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	switch (userdiff_config(var, value)) {
-		case 0: break;
-		case -1: return -1;
-		default: return 0;
-	}
+	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
+		return -1;
 
 	if (!prefixcmp(var, "diff.color.") || !prefixcmp(var, "color.diff.")) {
 		int slot = parse_diff_color_slot(var, 11);
@@ -572,6 +601,7 @@
 	if (!endp) {
 		const char *plain = diff_get_color(ecb->color_diff,
 						   DIFF_PLAIN);
+		putc('\n', ecb->opt->file);
 		emit_line_0(ecb->opt, plain, reset, '\\',
 			    nneof, strlen(nneof));
 	}
@@ -987,10 +1017,74 @@
 		diff_words_show(ecbdata->diff_words);
 }
 
+static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	/* Use already-loaded driver */
+	if (one->driver)
+		return;
+
+	if (S_ISREG(one->mode))
+		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_path(one->path);
+
+	/* Fallback to default settings */
+	if (!one->driver)
+		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
+}
+
+static const char *userdiff_word_regex(struct diff_filespec *one)
+{
+	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
+	return one->driver->word_regex;
+}
+
+static void init_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata,
+				 struct diff_options *orig_opts,
+				 struct diff_filespec *one,
+				 struct diff_filespec *two)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct diff_options *o = xmalloc(sizeof(struct diff_options));
+	memcpy(o, orig_opts, sizeof(struct diff_options));
+
+	ecbdata->diff_words =
+		xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct diff_words_data));
+	ecbdata->diff_words->type = o->word_diff;
+	ecbdata->diff_words->opt = o;
+	if (!o->word_regex)
+		o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(one);
+	if (!o->word_regex)
+		o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(two);
+	if (!o->word_regex)
+		o->word_regex = diff_word_regex_cfg;
+	if (o->word_regex) {
+		ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex = (regex_t *)
+			xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
+		if (regcomp(ecbdata->diff_words->word_regex,
+			    o->word_regex,
+			    REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
+			die ("Invalid regular expression: %s",
+			     o->word_regex);
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_words_styles); i++) {
+		if (o->word_diff == diff_words_styles[i].type) {
+			ecbdata->diff_words->style =
+				&diff_words_styles[i];
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (want_color(o->use_color)) {
+		struct diff_words_style *st = ecbdata->diff_words->style;
+		st->old.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
+		st->new.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
+		st->ctx.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_PLAIN);
+	}
+}
+
 static void free_diff_words_data(struct emit_callback *ecbdata)
 {
 	if (ecbdata->diff_words) {
 		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
+		free (ecbdata->diff_words->opt);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.text.ptr);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->minus.orig);
 		free (ecbdata->diff_words->plus.text.ptr);
@@ -1113,6 +1207,15 @@
 			diff_words_append(line, len,
 					  &ecbdata->diff_words->plus);
 			return;
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(line, "\\ ")) {
+			/*
+			 * Eat the "no newline at eof" marker as if we
+			 * saw a "+" or "-" line with nothing on it,
+			 * and return without diff_words_flush() to
+			 * defer processing. If this is the end of
+			 * preimage, more "+" lines may come after it.
+			 */
+			return;
 		}
 		diff_words_flush(ecbdata);
 		if (ecbdata->diff_words->type == DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN) {
@@ -1224,6 +1327,7 @@
 		unsigned is_unmerged:1;
 		unsigned is_binary:1;
 		unsigned is_renamed:1;
+		unsigned is_interesting:1;
 		uintmax_t added, deleted;
 	} **files;
 };
@@ -1267,13 +1371,15 @@
 
 static int scale_linear(int it, int width, int max_change)
 {
+	if (!it)
+		return 0;
 	/*
-	 * make sure that at least one '-' is printed if there were deletions,
-	 * and likewise for '+'.
+	 * make sure that at least one '-' or '+' is printed if
+	 * there is any change to this path. The easiest way is to
+	 * scale linearly as if the alloted width is one column shorter
+	 * than it is, and then add 1 to the result.
 	 */
-	if (max_change < 2)
-		return it;
-	return ((it - 1) * (width - 1) + max_change - 1) / (max_change - 1);
+	return 1 + (it * (width - 1) / max_change);
 }
 
 static void show_name(FILE *file,
@@ -1313,12 +1419,59 @@
 	file->print_name = pname;
 }
 
+int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files, int insertions, int deletions)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!files) {
+		assert(insertions == 0 && deletions == 0);
+		return fprintf(fp, "%s\n", " 0 files changed");
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(&sb,
+		    (files == 1) ? " %d file changed" : " %d files changed",
+		    files);
+
+	/*
+	 * For binary diff, the caller may want to print "x files
+	 * changed" with insertions == 0 && deletions == 0.
+	 *
+	 * Not omitting "0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)" in this case
+	 * is probably less confusing (i.e skip over "2 files changed
+	 * but nothing about added/removed lines? Is this a bug in Git?").
+	 */
+	if (insertions || deletions == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: "+" in (+) is a line addition marker;
+		 * do not translate it.
+		 */
+		strbuf_addf(&sb,
+			    (insertions == 1) ? ", %d insertion(+)" : ", %d insertions(+)",
+			    insertions);
+	}
+
+	if (deletions || insertions == 0) {
+		/*
+		 * TRANSLATORS: "-" in (-) is a line removal marker;
+		 * do not translate it.
+		 */
+		strbuf_addf(&sb,
+			    (deletions == 1) ? ", %d deletion(-)" : ", %d deletions(-)",
+			    deletions);
+	}
+	strbuf_addch(&sb, '\n');
+	ret = fputs(sb.buf, fp);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return ret;
+}
+
 static void show_stats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int i, len, add, del, adds = 0, dels = 0;
 	uintmax_t max_change = 0, max_len = 0;
-	int total_files = data->nr;
-	int width, name_width, count;
+	int total_files = data->nr, count;
+	int width, name_width, graph_width, number_width = 0, bin_width = 0;
 	const char *reset, *add_c, *del_c;
 	const char *line_prefix = "";
 	int extra_shown = 0;
@@ -1332,30 +1485,20 @@
 		line_prefix = msg->buf;
 	}
 
-	width = options->stat_width ? options->stat_width : 80;
-	name_width = options->stat_name_width ? options->stat_name_width : 50;
 	count = options->stat_count ? options->stat_count : data->nr;
 
-	/* Sanity: give at least 5 columns to the graph,
-	 * but leave at least 10 columns for the name.
-	 */
-	if (width < 25)
-		width = 25;
-	if (name_width < 10)
-		name_width = 10;
-	else if (width < name_width + 15)
-		name_width = width - 15;
-
-	/* Find the longest filename and max number of changes */
 	reset = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_RESET);
 	add_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 	del_c = diff_get_color_opt(options, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
 
+	/*
+	 * Find the longest filename and max number of changes
+	 */
 	for (i = 0; (i < count) && (i < data->nr); i++) {
 		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
 		uintmax_t change = file->added + file->deleted;
-		if (!data->files[i]->is_renamed &&
-			 (change == 0)) {
+
+		if (!file->is_interesting && (change == 0)) {
 			count++; /* not shown == room for one more */
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1364,38 +1507,121 @@
 		if (max_len < len)
 			max_len = len;
 
-		if (file->is_binary || file->is_unmerged)
+		if (file->is_unmerged) {
+			/* "Unmerged" is 8 characters */
+			bin_width = bin_width < 8 ? 8 : bin_width;
 			continue;
+		}
+		if (file->is_binary) {
+			/* "Bin XXX -> YYY bytes" */
+			int w = 14 + decimal_width(file->added)
+				+ decimal_width(file->deleted);
+			bin_width = bin_width < w ? w : bin_width;
+			/* Display change counts aligned with "Bin" */
+			number_width = 3;
+			continue;
+		}
+
 		if (max_change < change)
 			max_change = change;
 	}
-	count = i; /* min(count, data->nr) */
+	count = i; /* where we can stop scanning in data->files[] */
 
-	/* Compute the width of the graph part;
-	 * 10 is for one blank at the beginning of the line plus
-	 * " | count " between the name and the graph.
+	/*
+	 * We have width = stat_width or term_columns() columns total.
+	 * We want a maximum of min(max_len, stat_name_width) for the name part.
+	 * We want a maximum of min(max_change, stat_graph_width) for the +- part.
+	 * We also need 1 for " " and 4 + decimal_width(max_change)
+	 * for " | NNNN " and one the empty column at the end, altogether
+	 * 6 + decimal_width(max_change).
 	 *
-	 * From here on, name_width is the width of the name area,
-	 * and width is the width of the graph area.
+	 * If there's not enough space, we will use the smaller of
+	 * stat_name_width (if set) and 5/8*width for the filename,
+	 * and the rest for constant elements + graph part, but no more
+	 * than stat_graph_width for the graph part.
+	 * (5/8 gives 50 for filename and 30 for the constant parts + graph
+	 * for the standard terminal size).
+	 *
+	 * In other words: stat_width limits the maximum width, and
+	 * stat_name_width fixes the maximum width of the filename,
+	 * and is also used to divide available columns if there
+	 * aren't enough.
+	 *
+	 * Binary files are displayed with "Bin XXX -> YYY bytes"
+	 * instead of the change count and graph. This part is treated
+	 * similarly to the graph part, except that it is not
+	 * "scaled". If total width is too small to accomodate the
+	 * guaranteed minimum width of the filename part and the
+	 * separators and this message, this message will "overflow"
+	 * making the line longer than the maximum width.
 	 */
-	name_width = (name_width < max_len) ? name_width : max_len;
-	if (width < (name_width + 10) + max_change)
-		width = width - (name_width + 10);
-	else
-		width = max_change;
 
+	if (options->stat_width == -1)
+		width = term_columns() - options->output_prefix_length;
+	else
+		width = options->stat_width ? options->stat_width : 80;
+	number_width = decimal_width(max_change) > number_width ?
+		decimal_width(max_change) : number_width;
+
+	if (options->stat_graph_width == -1)
+		options->stat_graph_width = diff_stat_graph_width;
+
+	/*
+	 * Guarantee 3/8*16==6 for the graph part
+	 * and 5/8*16==10 for the filename part
+	 */
+	if (width < 16 + 6 + number_width)
+		width = 16 + 6 + number_width;
+
+	/*
+	 * First assign sizes that are wanted, ignoring available width.
+	 * strlen("Bin XXX -> YYY bytes") == bin_width, and the part
+	 * starting from "XXX" should fit in graph_width.
+	 */
+	graph_width = max_change + 4 > bin_width ? max_change : bin_width - 4;
+	if (options->stat_graph_width &&
+	    options->stat_graph_width < graph_width)
+		graph_width = options->stat_graph_width;
+
+	name_width = (options->stat_name_width > 0 &&
+		      options->stat_name_width < max_len) ?
+		options->stat_name_width : max_len;
+
+	/*
+	 * Adjust adjustable widths not to exceed maximum width
+	 */
+	if (name_width + number_width + 6 + graph_width > width) {
+		if (graph_width > width * 3/8 - number_width - 6) {
+			graph_width = width * 3/8 - number_width - 6;
+			if (graph_width < 6)
+				graph_width = 6;
+		}
+
+		if (options->stat_graph_width &&
+		    graph_width > options->stat_graph_width)
+			graph_width = options->stat_graph_width;
+		if (name_width > width - number_width - 6 - graph_width)
+			name_width = width - number_width - 6 - graph_width;
+		else
+			graph_width = width - number_width - 6 - name_width;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * From here name_width is the width of the name area,
+	 * and graph_width is the width of the graph area.
+	 * max_change is used to scale graph properly.
+	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
 		const char *prefix = "";
-		char *name = data->files[i]->print_name;
-		uintmax_t added = data->files[i]->added;
-		uintmax_t deleted = data->files[i]->deleted;
+		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
+		char *name = file->print_name;
+		uintmax_t added = file->added;
+		uintmax_t deleted = file->deleted;
 		int name_len;
 
-		if (!data->files[i]->is_renamed &&
-			 (added + deleted == 0)) {
-			total_files--;
+		if (!file->is_interesting && (added + deleted == 0))
 			continue;
-		}
+
 		/*
 		 * "scale" the filename
 		 */
@@ -1411,11 +1637,15 @@
 				name = slash;
 		}
 
-		if (data->files[i]->is_binary) {
+		if (file->is_binary) {
 			fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
 			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-			fprintf(options->file, "  Bin ");
-			fprintf(options->file, "%s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
+			fprintf(options->file, " %*s", number_width, "Bin");
+			if (!added && !deleted) {
+				putc('\n', options->file);
+				continue;
+			}
+			fprintf(options->file, " %s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
 				del_c, deleted, reset);
 			fprintf(options->file, " -> ");
 			fprintf(options->file, "%s%"PRIuMAX"%s",
@@ -1424,10 +1654,10 @@
 			fprintf(options->file, "\n");
 			continue;
 		}
-		else if (data->files[i]->is_unmerged) {
+		else if (file->is_unmerged) {
 			fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
 			show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-			fprintf(options->file, "  Unmerged\n");
+			fprintf(options->file, " Unmerged\n");
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -1436,39 +1666,55 @@
 		 */
 		add = added;
 		del = deleted;
-		adds += add;
-		dels += del;
 
-		if (width <= max_change) {
-			add = scale_linear(add, width, max_change);
-			del = scale_linear(del, width, max_change);
+		if (graph_width <= max_change) {
+			int total = add + del;
+
+			total = scale_linear(add + del, graph_width, max_change);
+			if (total < 2 && add && del)
+				/* width >= 2 due to the sanity check */
+				total = 2;
+			if (add < del) {
+				add = scale_linear(add, graph_width, max_change);
+				del = total - add;
+			} else {
+				del = scale_linear(del, graph_width, max_change);
+				add = total - del;
+			}
 		}
 		fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
 		show_name(options->file, prefix, name, len);
-		fprintf(options->file, "%5"PRIuMAX"%s", added + deleted,
-				added + deleted ? " " : "");
+		fprintf(options->file, " %*"PRIuMAX"%s",
+			number_width, added + deleted,
+			added + deleted ? " " : "");
 		show_graph(options->file, '+', add, add_c, reset);
 		show_graph(options->file, '-', del, del_c, reset);
 		fprintf(options->file, "\n");
 	}
-	for (i = count; i < data->nr; i++) {
-		uintmax_t added = data->files[i]->added;
-		uintmax_t deleted = data->files[i]->deleted;
-		if (!data->files[i]->is_renamed &&
-			 (added + deleted == 0)) {
+
+	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
+		struct diffstat_file *file = data->files[i];
+		uintmax_t added = file->added;
+		uintmax_t deleted = file->deleted;
+
+		if (file->is_unmerged ||
+		    (!file->is_interesting && (added + deleted == 0))) {
 			total_files--;
 			continue;
 		}
-		adds += added;
-		dels += deleted;
+
+		if (!file->is_binary) {
+			adds += added;
+			dels += deleted;
+		}
+		if (i < count)
+			continue;
 		if (!extra_shown)
 			fprintf(options->file, "%s ...\n", line_prefix);
 		extra_shown = 1;
 	}
 	fprintf(options->file, "%s", line_prefix);
-	fprintf(options->file,
-	       " %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
-	       total_files, adds, dels);
+	print_stat_summary(options->file, total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
 static void show_shortstats(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1479,17 +1725,15 @@
 		return;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < data->nr; i++) {
-		if (!data->files[i]->is_binary &&
-		    !data->files[i]->is_unmerged) {
-			int added = data->files[i]->added;
-			int deleted= data->files[i]->deleted;
-			if (!data->files[i]->is_renamed &&
-			    (added + deleted == 0)) {
-				total_files--;
-			} else {
-				adds += added;
-				dels += deleted;
-			}
+		int added = data->files[i]->added;
+		int deleted= data->files[i]->deleted;
+
+		if (data->files[i]->is_unmerged ||
+		    (!data->files[i]->is_interesting && (added + deleted == 0))) {
+			total_files--;
+		} else if (!data->files[i]->is_binary) { /* don't count bytes */
+			adds += added;
+			dels += deleted;
 		}
 	}
 	if (options->output_prefix) {
@@ -1498,8 +1742,7 @@
 				options->output_prefix_data);
 		fprintf(options->file, "%s", msg->buf);
 	}
-	fprintf(options->file, " %d files changed, %d insertions(+), %d deletions(-)\n",
-	       total_files, adds, dels);
+	print_stat_summary(options->file, total_files, adds, dels);
 }
 
 static void show_numstat(struct diffstat_t *data, struct diff_options *options)
@@ -1948,20 +2191,6 @@
 	emit_binary_diff_body(file, two, one, prefix);
 }
 
-static void diff_filespec_load_driver(struct diff_filespec *one)
-{
-	/* Use already-loaded driver */
-	if (one->driver)
-		return;
-
-	if (S_ISREG(one->mode))
-		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_path(one->path);
-
-	/* Fallback to default settings */
-	if (!one->driver)
-		one->driver = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
-}
-
 int diff_filespec_is_binary(struct diff_filespec *one)
 {
 	if (one->is_binary == -1) {
@@ -1987,12 +2216,6 @@
 	return one->driver->funcname.pattern ? &one->driver->funcname : NULL;
 }
 
-static const char *userdiff_word_regex(struct diff_filespec *one)
-{
-	diff_filespec_load_driver(one);
-	return one->driver->word_regex;
-}
-
 void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b)
 {
 	if (!options->a_prefix)
@@ -2022,7 +2245,7 @@
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	const char *lbl[2];
 	char *a_one, *b_two;
-	const char *set = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_METAINFO);
+	const char *meta = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_METAINFO);
 	const char *reset = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_RESET);
 	const char *a_prefix, *b_prefix;
 	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = NULL;
@@ -2043,7 +2266,7 @@
 		const char *add = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
 		show_submodule_summary(o->file, one ? one->path : two->path,
 				one->sha1, two->sha1, two->dirty_submodule,
-				del, add, reset);
+				meta, del, add, reset);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -2069,24 +2292,24 @@
 	b_two = quote_two(b_prefix, name_b + (*name_b == '/'));
 	lbl[0] = DIFF_FILE_VALID(one) ? a_one : "/dev/null";
 	lbl[1] = DIFF_FILE_VALID(two) ? b_two : "/dev/null";
-	strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sdiff --git %s %s%s\n", line_prefix, set, a_one, b_two, reset);
+	strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sdiff --git %s %s%s\n", line_prefix, meta, a_one, b_two, reset);
 	if (lbl[0][0] == '/') {
 		/* /dev/null */
-		strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%snew file mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, set, two->mode, reset);
+		strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%snew file mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, meta, two->mode, reset);
 		if (xfrm_msg)
 			strbuf_addstr(&header, xfrm_msg);
 		must_show_header = 1;
 	}
 	else if (lbl[1][0] == '/') {
-		strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sdeleted file mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, set, one->mode, reset);
+		strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sdeleted file mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, meta, one->mode, reset);
 		if (xfrm_msg)
 			strbuf_addstr(&header, xfrm_msg);
 		must_show_header = 1;
 	}
 	else {
 		if (one->mode != two->mode) {
-			strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sold mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, set, one->mode, reset);
-			strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%snew mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, set, two->mode, reset);
+			strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%sold mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, meta, one->mode, reset);
+			strbuf_addf(&header, "%s%snew mode %06o%s\n", line_prefix, meta, two->mode, reset);
 			must_show_header = 1;
 		}
 		if (xfrm_msg)
@@ -2142,7 +2365,7 @@
 		struct emit_callback ecbdata;
 		const struct userdiff_funcname *pe;
 
-		if (!DIFF_XDL_TST(o, WHITESPACE_FLAGS) || must_show_header) {
+		if (must_show_header) {
 			fprintf(o->file, "%s", header.buf);
 			strbuf_reset(&header);
 		}
@@ -2179,42 +2402,8 @@
 			xecfg.ctxlen = strtoul(diffopts + 10, NULL, 10);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(diffopts, "-u"))
 			xecfg.ctxlen = strtoul(diffopts + 2, NULL, 10);
-		if (o->word_diff) {
-			int i;
-
-			ecbdata.diff_words =
-				xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct diff_words_data));
-			ecbdata.diff_words->type = o->word_diff;
-			ecbdata.diff_words->opt = o;
-			if (!o->word_regex)
-				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(one);
-			if (!o->word_regex)
-				o->word_regex = userdiff_word_regex(two);
-			if (!o->word_regex)
-				o->word_regex = diff_word_regex_cfg;
-			if (o->word_regex) {
-				ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex = (regex_t *)
-					xmalloc(sizeof(regex_t));
-				if (regcomp(ecbdata.diff_words->word_regex,
-						o->word_regex,
-						REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
-					die ("Invalid regular expression: %s",
-							o->word_regex);
-			}
-			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(diff_words_styles); i++) {
-				if (o->word_diff == diff_words_styles[i].type) {
-					ecbdata.diff_words->style =
-						&diff_words_styles[i];
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-			if (want_color(o->use_color)) {
-				struct diff_words_style *st = ecbdata.diff_words->style;
-				st->old.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_OLD);
-				st->new.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_FILE_NEW);
-				st->ctx.color = diff_get_color_opt(o, DIFF_PLAIN);
-			}
-		}
+		if (o->word_diff)
+			init_diff_words_data(&ecbdata, o, one, two);
 		xdi_diff_outf(&mf1, &mf2, fn_out_consume, &ecbdata,
 			      &xpp, &xecfg);
 		if (o->word_diff)
@@ -2240,22 +2429,37 @@
 			     struct diff_filespec *two,
 			     struct diffstat_t *diffstat,
 			     struct diff_options *o,
-			     int complete_rewrite)
+			     struct diff_filepair *p)
 {
 	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
 	struct diffstat_file *data;
+	int same_contents;
+	int complete_rewrite = 0;
+
+	if (!DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
+		if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED && p->score)
+			complete_rewrite = 1;
+	}
 
 	data = diffstat_add(diffstat, name_a, name_b);
+	data->is_interesting = p->status != DIFF_STATUS_UNKNOWN;
 
 	if (!one || !two) {
 		data->is_unmerged = 1;
 		return;
 	}
 
+	same_contents = !hashcmp(one->sha1, two->sha1);
+
 	if (diff_filespec_is_binary(one) || diff_filespec_is_binary(two)) {
 		data->is_binary = 1;
-		data->added = diff_filespec_size(two);
-		data->deleted = diff_filespec_size(one);
+		if (same_contents) {
+			data->added = 0;
+			data->deleted = 0;
+		} else {
+			data->added = diff_filespec_size(two);
+			data->deleted = diff_filespec_size(one);
+		}
 	}
 
 	else if (complete_rewrite) {
@@ -2265,7 +2469,7 @@
 		data->added = count_lines(two->data, two->size);
 	}
 
-	else {
+	else if (!same_contents) {
 		/* Crazy xdl interfaces.. */
 		xpparam_t xpp;
 		xdemitconf_t xecfg;
@@ -2375,12 +2579,12 @@
 }
 
 void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *spec, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		   unsigned short mode)
+		   int sha1_valid, unsigned short mode)
 {
 	if (mode) {
 		spec->mode = canon_mode(mode);
 		hashcpy(spec->sha1, sha1);
-		spec->sha1_valid = !is_null_sha1(sha1);
+		spec->sha1_valid = sha1_valid;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -2453,22 +2657,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int populate_from_stdin(struct diff_filespec *s)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	size_t size = 0;
-
-	if (strbuf_read(&buf, 0, 0) < 0)
-		return error("error while reading from stdin %s",
-				     strerror(errno));
-
-	s->should_munmap = 0;
-	s->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
-	s->size = size;
-	s->should_free = 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
 static int diff_populate_gitlink(struct diff_filespec *s, int size_only)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -2518,9 +2706,6 @@
 		struct stat st;
 		int fd;
 
-		if (!strcmp(s->path, "-"))
-			return populate_from_stdin(s);
-
 		if (lstat(s->path, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno == ENOENT) {
 			err_empty:
@@ -2845,9 +3030,8 @@
 	int complete_rewrite = (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED) && p->score;
 	int must_show_header = 0;
 
-	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
-		pgm = NULL;
-	else {
+
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL)) {
 		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(attr_path);
 		if (drv && drv->external)
 			pgm = drv->external;
@@ -2882,7 +3066,7 @@
 	if (DIFF_FILE_VALID(one)) {
 		if (!one->sha1_valid) {
 			struct stat st;
-			if (!strcmp(one->path, "-")) {
+			if (one->is_stdin) {
 				hashcpy(one->sha1, null_sha1);
 				return;
 			}
@@ -2927,6 +3111,9 @@
 	if (o->prefix_length)
 		strip_prefix(o->prefix_length, &name, &other);
 
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(o, ALLOW_EXTERNAL))
+		pgm = NULL;
+
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
 		run_diff_cmd(pgm, name, NULL, attr_path,
 			     NULL, NULL, NULL, o, p);
@@ -2966,11 +3153,10 @@
 {
 	const char *name;
 	const char *other;
-	int complete_rewrite = 0;
 
 	if (DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p)) {
 		/* unmerged */
-		builtin_diffstat(p->one->path, NULL, NULL, NULL, diffstat, o, 0);
+		builtin_diffstat(p->one->path, NULL, NULL, NULL, diffstat, o, p);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -2983,9 +3169,7 @@
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->one);
 	diff_fill_sha1_info(p->two);
 
-	if (p->status == DIFF_STATUS_MODIFIED && p->score)
-		complete_rewrite = 1;
-	builtin_diffstat(name, other, p->one, p->two, diffstat, o, complete_rewrite);
+	builtin_diffstat(name, other, p->one, p->two, diffstat, o, p);
 }
 
 static void run_checkdiff(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o)
@@ -3022,7 +3206,8 @@
 	options->break_opt = -1;
 	options->rename_limit = -1;
 	options->dirstat_permille = diff_dirstat_permille_default;
-	options->context = 3;
+	options->context = diff_context_default;
+	DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
 
 	options->change = diff_change;
 	options->add_remove = diff_addremove;
@@ -3037,7 +3222,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
+void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *options)
 {
 	int count = 0;
 
@@ -3136,8 +3321,6 @@
 		options->output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, EXIT_WITH_STATUS);
 	}
-
-	return 0;
 }
 
 static int opt_arg(const char *arg, int arg_short, const char *arg_long, int *val)
@@ -3234,6 +3417,7 @@
 	char *end;
 	int width = options->stat_width;
 	int name_width = options->stat_name_width;
+	int graph_width = options->stat_graph_width;
 	int count = options->stat_count;
 	int argcount = 1;
 
@@ -3262,6 +3446,16 @@
 				name_width = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
 				argcount = 2;
 			}
+		} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-graph-width")) {
+			arg += strlen("-graph-width");
+			if (*arg == '=')
+				graph_width = strtoul(arg + 1, &end, 10);
+			else if (!*arg && !av[1])
+				die("Option '--stat-graph-width' requires a value");
+			else if (!*arg) {
+				graph_width = strtoul(av[1], &end, 10);
+				argcount = 2;
+			}
 		} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "-count")) {
 			arg += strlen("-count");
 			if (*arg == '=')
@@ -3287,6 +3481,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	options->output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT;
 	options->stat_name_width = name_width;
+	options->stat_graph_width = graph_width;
 	options->stat_width = width;
 	options->stat_count = count;
 	return argcount;
@@ -3307,6 +3502,14 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
+static int parse_submodule_opt(struct diff_options *options, const char *value)
+{
+	if (parse_submodule_params(options, value))
+		die(_("Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"),
+			value);
+	return 1;
+}
+
 int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *options, const char **av, int ac)
 {
 	const char *arg = av[0];
@@ -3381,6 +3584,10 @@
 	}
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-renames"))
 		options->detect_rename = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--rename-empty"))
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-rename-empty"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, RENAME_EMPTY);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--relative"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, RELATIVE_NAME);
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--relative=")) {
@@ -3400,9 +3607,9 @@
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--ignore-space-at-eol"))
 		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--patience"))
-		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
+		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--histogram"))
-		DIFF_XDL_SET(options, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
+		options->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(options, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
 
 	/* flags options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--binary")) {
@@ -3419,6 +3626,8 @@
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FIND_COPIES_HARDER);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--follow"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-follow"))
+		DIFF_OPT_CLR(options, FOLLOW_RENAMES);
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "--color"))
 		options->use_color = 1;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--color=")) {
@@ -3483,10 +3692,8 @@
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(options, arg + 20);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--submodule"))
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
-	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--submodule=")) {
-		if (!strcmp(arg + 12, "log"))
-			DIFF_OPT_SET(options, SUBMODULE_LOG);
-	}
+	else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--submodule="))
+		return parse_submodule_opt(options, arg + 12);
 
 	/* misc options */
 	else if (!strcmp(arg, "-z"))
@@ -4274,6 +4481,12 @@
 
 	if (output_format & DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH) {
 		if (separator) {
+			if (options->output_prefix) {
+				struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
+				msg = options->output_prefix(options,
+					options->output_prefix_data);
+				fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, stdout);
+			}
 			putc(options->line_termination, options->file);
 			if (options->stat_sep) {
 				/* attach patch instead of inline */
@@ -4521,6 +4734,7 @@
 void diff_addremove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    int sha1_valid,
 		    const char *concatpath, unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	struct diff_filespec *one, *two;
@@ -4552,9 +4766,9 @@
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 
 	if (addremove != '+')
-		fill_filespec(one, sha1, mode);
+		fill_filespec(one, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
 	if (addremove != '-') {
-		fill_filespec(two, sha1, mode);
+		fill_filespec(two, sha1, sha1_valid, mode);
 		two->dirty_submodule = dirty_submodule;
 	}
 
@@ -4567,6 +4781,7 @@
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
 		 const char *concatpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule)
 {
@@ -4581,6 +4796,8 @@
 		const unsigned char *tmp_c;
 		tmp = old_mode; old_mode = new_mode; new_mode = tmp;
 		tmp_c = old_sha1; old_sha1 = new_sha1; new_sha1 = tmp_c;
+		tmp = old_sha1_valid; old_sha1_valid = new_sha1_valid;
+			new_sha1_valid = tmp;
 		tmp = old_dirty_submodule; old_dirty_submodule = new_dirty_submodule;
 			new_dirty_submodule = tmp;
 	}
@@ -4591,8 +4808,8 @@
 
 	one = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
 	two = alloc_filespec(concatpath);
-	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_mode);
-	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_mode);
+	fill_filespec(one, old_sha1, old_sha1_valid, old_mode);
+	fill_filespec(two, new_sha1, new_sha1_valid, new_mode);
 	one->dirty_submodule = old_dirty_submodule;
 	two->dirty_submodule = new_dirty_submodule;
 
@@ -4698,3 +4915,19 @@
 
 	return size;
 }
+
+void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *opt)
+{
+	/*
+	 * If the user asked for our exit code, then either they want --quiet
+	 * or --exit-code. We should definitely not bother with a pager in the
+	 * former case, as we will generate no output. Since we still properly
+	 * report our exit code even when a pager is run, we _could_ run a
+	 * pager with --exit-code. But since we have not done so historically,
+	 * and because it is easy to find people oneline advising "git diff
+	 * --exit-code" in hooks and other scripts, we do not do so.
+	 */
+	if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, EXIT_WITH_STATUS) &&
+	    check_pager_config("diff") != 0)
+		setup_pager();
+}
diff --git a/diff.h b/diff.h
index 0c51724..a47bae4 100644
--- a/diff.h
+++ b/diff.h
@@ -12,17 +12,21 @@
 struct strbuf;
 struct diff_filespec;
 struct userdiff_driver;
+struct sha1_array;
+struct commit;
 
 typedef void (*change_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
 		 const char *fullpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule);
 
 typedef void (*add_remove_fn_t)(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    int sha1_valid,
 		    const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule);
 
 typedef void (*diff_format_fn_t)(struct diff_queue_struct *q,
@@ -58,7 +62,7 @@
 #define DIFF_OPT_SILENT_ON_REMOVE    (1 <<  5)
 #define DIFF_OPT_FIND_COPIES_HARDER  (1 <<  6)
 #define DIFF_OPT_FOLLOW_RENAMES      (1 <<  7)
-/* (1 <<  8) unused */
+#define DIFF_OPT_RENAME_EMPTY        (1 <<  8)
 /* (1 <<  9) unused */
 #define DIFF_OPT_HAS_CHANGES         (1 << 10)
 #define DIFF_OPT_QUICK               (1 << 11)
@@ -80,6 +84,7 @@
 #define DIFF_OPT_OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG (1 << 27)
 #define DIFF_OPT_DIRSTAT_BY_LINE     (1 << 28)
 #define DIFF_OPT_FUNCCONTEXT         (1 << 29)
+#define DIFF_OPT_PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE (1 << 30)
 
 #define DIFF_OPT_TST(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags & DIFF_OPT_##flag)
 #define DIFF_OPT_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->flags |= DIFF_OPT_##flag)
@@ -88,6 +93,8 @@
 #define DIFF_XDL_SET(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts |= XDF_##flag)
 #define DIFF_XDL_CLR(opts, flag)    ((opts)->xdl_opts &= ~XDF_##flag)
 
+#define DIFF_WITH_ALG(opts, flag)   (((opts)->xdl_opts & ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK) | XDF_##flag)
+
 enum diff_words_type {
 	DIFF_WORDS_NONE = 0,
 	DIFF_WORDS_PORCELAIN,
@@ -127,6 +134,7 @@
 
 	int stat_width;
 	int stat_name_width;
+	int stat_graph_width;
 	int stat_count;
 	const char *word_regex;
 	enum diff_words_type word_diff;
@@ -146,6 +154,7 @@
 	diff_format_fn_t format_callback;
 	void *format_callback_data;
 	diff_prefix_fn_t output_prefix;
+	int output_prefix_length;
 	void *output_prefix_data;
 };
 
@@ -195,9 +204,9 @@
 extern void show_combined_diff(struct combine_diff_path *elem, int num_parent,
 			      int dense, struct rev_info *);
 
-extern void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1, const unsigned char parent[][20], int num_parent, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
+extern void diff_tree_combined(const unsigned char *sha1, const struct sha1_array *parents, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
 
-extern void diff_tree_combined_merge(const unsigned char *sha1, int, struct rev_info *);
+extern void diff_tree_combined_merge(const struct commit *commit, int dense, struct rev_info *rev);
 
 void diff_set_mnemonic_prefix(struct diff_options *options, const char *a, const char *b);
 
@@ -207,12 +216,15 @@
 			   int addremove,
 			   unsigned mode,
 			   const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   int sha1_valid,
 			   const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule);
 
 extern void diff_change(struct diff_options *,
 			unsigned mode1, unsigned mode2,
 			const unsigned char *sha1,
 			const unsigned char *sha2,
+			int sha1_valid,
+			int sha2_valid,
 			const char *fullpath,
 			unsigned dirty_submodule1, unsigned dirty_submodule2);
 
@@ -231,10 +243,9 @@
 
 extern int git_diff_basic_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
 extern int git_diff_ui_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-extern int diff_use_color_default;
 extern void diff_setup(struct diff_options *);
 extern int diff_opt_parse(struct diff_options *, const char **, int);
-extern int diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
+extern void diff_setup_done(struct diff_options *);
 
 #define DIFF_DETECT_RENAME	1
 #define DIFF_DETECT_COPY	2
@@ -322,4 +333,8 @@
 
 extern int parse_rename_score(const char **cp_p);
 
+extern int print_stat_summary(FILE *fp, int files,
+			      int insertions, int deletions);
+extern void setup_diff_pager(struct diff_options *);
+
 #endif /* DIFF_H */
diff --git a/diffcore-pickaxe.c b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
index 380a837..b097fa7 100644
--- a/diffcore-pickaxe.c
+++ b/diffcore-pickaxe.c
@@ -104,10 +104,10 @@
 		if (!mf2.ptr)
 			return 0; /* ignore unmerged */
 		/* created "two" -- does it have what we are looking for? */
-		hit = !regexec(regexp, p->two->data, 1, &regmatch, 0);
+		hit = !regexec(regexp, mf2.ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
 	} else if (!mf2.ptr) {
 		/* removed "one" -- did it have what we are looking for? */
-		hit = !regexec(regexp, p->one->data, 1, &regmatch, 0);
+		hit = !regexec(regexp, mf1.ptr, 1, &regmatch, 0);
 	} else {
 		/*
 		 * We have both sides; need to run textual diff and see if
@@ -138,8 +138,12 @@
 {
 	int err;
 	regex_t regex;
+	int cflags = REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE;
 
-	err = regcomp(&regex, o->pickaxe, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE);
+	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(o, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE))
+		cflags |= REG_ICASE;
+
+	err = regcomp(&regex, o->pickaxe, cflags);
 	if (err) {
 		char errbuf[1024];
 		regerror(err, &regex, errbuf, 1024);
@@ -153,19 +157,15 @@
 	return;
 }
 
-static unsigned int contains(struct diff_filespec *one, struct diff_options *o,
+static unsigned int contains(mmfile_t *mf, struct diff_options *o,
 			     regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws)
 {
 	unsigned int cnt;
 	unsigned long sz;
 	const char *data;
-	if (!o->pickaxe[0])
-		return 0;
-	if (diff_populate_filespec(one, 0))
-		return 0;
 
-	sz = one->size;
-	data = one->data;
+	sz = mf->size;
+	data = mf->ptr;
 	cnt = 0;
 
 	if (regexp) {
@@ -195,26 +195,53 @@
 			cnt++;
 		}
 	}
-	diff_free_filespec_data(one);
 	return cnt;
 }
 
 static int has_changes(struct diff_filepair *p, struct diff_options *o,
 		       regex_t *regexp, kwset_t kws)
 {
-	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->one)) {
-		if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two))
-			return 0; /* ignore unmerged */
+	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_one = get_textconv(p->one);
+	struct userdiff_driver *textconv_two = get_textconv(p->two);
+	mmfile_t mf1, mf2;
+	int ret;
+
+	if (!o->pickaxe[0])
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * If we have an unmodified pair, we know that the count will be the
+	 * same and don't even have to load the blobs. Unless textconv is in
+	 * play, _and_ we are using two different textconv filters (e.g.,
+	 * because a pair is an exact rename with different textconv attributes
+	 * for each side, which might generate different content).
+	 */
+	if (textconv_one == textconv_two && diff_unmodified_pair(p))
+		return 0;
+
+	fill_one(p->one, &mf1, &textconv_one);
+	fill_one(p->two, &mf2, &textconv_two);
+
+	if (!mf1.ptr) {
+		if (!mf2.ptr)
+			ret = 0; /* ignore unmerged */
 		/* created */
-		return contains(p->two, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
+		ret = contains(&mf2, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
 	}
-	if (!DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two))
-		return contains(p->one, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
-	if (!diff_unmodified_pair(p)) {
-		return contains(p->one, o, regexp, kws) !=
-		       contains(p->two, o, regexp, kws);
-	}
-	return 0;
+	else if (!mf2.ptr) /* removed */
+		ret = contains(&mf1, o, regexp, kws) != 0;
+	else
+		ret = contains(&mf1, o, regexp, kws) !=
+		      contains(&mf2, o, regexp, kws);
+
+	if (textconv_one)
+		free(mf1.ptr);
+	if (textconv_two)
+		free(mf2.ptr);
+	diff_free_filespec_data(p->one);
+	diff_free_filespec_data(p->two);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static void diffcore_pickaxe_count(struct diff_options *o)
@@ -237,7 +264,8 @@
 		}
 		regexp = &regex;
 	} else {
-		kws = kwsalloc(NULL);
+		kws = kwsalloc(DIFF_OPT_TST(o, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE)
+			       ? tolower_trans_tbl : NULL);
 		kwsincr(kws, needle, len);
 		kwsprep(kws);
 	}
diff --git a/diffcore-rename.c b/diffcore-rename.c
index f639601..512d0ac 100644
--- a/diffcore-rename.c
+++ b/diffcore-rename.c
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 		memmove(rename_dst + first + 1, rename_dst + first,
 			(rename_dst_nr - first - 1) * sizeof(*rename_dst));
 	rename_dst[first].two = alloc_filespec(two->path);
-	fill_filespec(rename_dst[first].two, two->sha1, two->mode);
+	fill_filespec(rename_dst[first].two, two->sha1, two->sha1_valid, two->mode);
 	rename_dst[first].pair = NULL;
 	return &(rename_dst[first]);
 }
@@ -512,9 +512,15 @@
 			else if (options->single_follow &&
 				 strcmp(options->single_follow, p->two->path))
 				continue; /* not interested */
+			else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RENAME_EMPTY) &&
+				 is_empty_blob_sha1(p->two->sha1))
+				continue;
 			else
 				locate_rename_dst(p->two, 1);
 		}
+		else if (!DIFF_OPT_TST(options, RENAME_EMPTY) &&
+			 is_empty_blob_sha1(p->one->sha1))
+			continue;
 		else if (!DIFF_PAIR_UNMERGED(p) && !DIFF_FILE_VALID(p->two)) {
 			/*
 			 * If the source is a broken "delete", and
diff --git a/diffcore.h b/diffcore.h
index 8f32b82..1c16c85 100644
--- a/diffcore.h
+++ b/diffcore.h
@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@
 	unsigned should_free : 1; /* data should be free()'ed */
 	unsigned should_munmap : 1; /* data should be munmap()'ed */
 	unsigned dirty_submodule : 2;  /* For submodules: its work tree is dirty */
+	unsigned is_stdin : 1;
 #define DIRTY_SUBMODULE_UNTRACKED 1
 #define DIRTY_SUBMODULE_MODIFIED  2
 	unsigned has_more_entries : 1; /* only appear in combined diff */
@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@
 extern struct diff_filespec *alloc_filespec(const char *);
 extern void free_filespec(struct diff_filespec *);
 extern void fill_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, const unsigned char *,
-			  unsigned short);
+			  int, unsigned short);
 
 extern int diff_populate_filespec(struct diff_filespec *, int);
 extern void diff_free_filespec_data(struct diff_filespec *);
diff --git a/dir.c b/dir.c
index 6c0d782..57394e4 100644
--- a/dir.c
+++ b/dir.c
@@ -2,12 +2,15 @@
  * This handles recursive filename detection with exclude
  * files, index knowledge etc..
  *
+ * See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt
+ *
  * Copyright (C) Linus Torvalds, 2005-2006
  *		 Junio Hamano, 2005-2006
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
 
 struct path_simplify {
 	int len;
@@ -34,10 +37,33 @@
 	return fnmatch(pattern, string, flags | (ignore_case ? FNM_CASEFOLD : 0));
 }
 
+inline int git_fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string,
+		       int flags, int prefix)
+{
+	int fnm_flags = 0;
+	if (flags & GFNM_PATHNAME)
+		fnm_flags |= FNM_PATHNAME;
+	if (prefix > 0) {
+		if (strncmp(pattern, string, prefix))
+			return FNM_NOMATCH;
+		pattern += prefix;
+		string += prefix;
+	}
+	if (flags & GFNM_ONESTAR) {
+		int pattern_len = strlen(++pattern);
+		int string_len = strlen(string);
+		return string_len < pattern_len ||
+		       strcmp(pattern,
+			      string + string_len - pattern_len);
+	}
+	return fnmatch(pattern, string, fnm_flags);
+}
+
 static size_t common_prefix_len(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *n, *first;
 	size_t max = 0;
+	int literal = limit_pathspec_to_literal();
 
 	if (!pathspec)
 		return max;
@@ -47,7 +73,7 @@
 		size_t i, len = 0;
 		for (i = 0; first == n || i < max; i++) {
 			char c = n[i];
-			if (!c || c != first[i] || is_glob_special(c))
+			if (!c || c != first[i] || (!literal && is_glob_special(c)))
 				break;
 			if (c == '/')
 				len = i + 1;
@@ -74,7 +100,6 @@
 
 int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec)
 {
-	const char *path;
 	size_t len;
 
 	/*
@@ -82,15 +107,9 @@
 	 * use that to optimize the directory walk
 	 */
 	len = common_prefix_len(pathspec);
-	path = "";
-
-	if (len)
-		path = xmemdupz(*pathspec, len);
 
 	/* Read the directory and prune it */
-	read_directory(dir, path, len, pathspec);
-	if (*path)
-		free((char *)path);
+	read_directory(dir, pathspec ? *pathspec : "", len, pathspec);
 	return len;
 }
 
@@ -124,6 +143,7 @@
 static int match_one(const char *match, const char *name, int namelen)
 {
 	int matchlen;
+	int literal = limit_pathspec_to_literal();
 
 	/* If the match was just the prefix, we matched */
 	if (!*match)
@@ -133,7 +153,7 @@
 		for (;;) {
 			unsigned char c1 = tolower(*match);
 			unsigned char c2 = tolower(*name);
-			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+			if (c1 == '\0' || (!literal && is_glob_special(c1)))
 				break;
 			if (c1 != c2)
 				return 0;
@@ -145,7 +165,7 @@
 		for (;;) {
 			unsigned char c1 = *match;
 			unsigned char c2 = *name;
-			if (c1 == '\0' || is_glob_special(c1))
+			if (c1 == '\0' || (!literal && is_glob_special(c1)))
 				break;
 			if (c1 != c2)
 				return 0;
@@ -155,14 +175,16 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-
 	/*
 	 * If we don't match the matchstring exactly,
 	 * we need to match by fnmatch
 	 */
 	matchlen = strlen(match);
-	if (strncmp_icase(match, name, matchlen))
+	if (strncmp_icase(match, name, matchlen)) {
+		if (literal)
+			return 0;
 		return !fnmatch_icase(match, name, 0) ? MATCHED_FNMATCH : 0;
+	}
 
 	if (namelen == matchlen)
 		return MATCHED_EXACTLY;
@@ -172,12 +194,19 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, see if the name matches
- * any of the pathspecs.  The caller is also interested in seeing
- * all pathspec matches some names it calls this function with
- * (otherwise the user could have mistyped the unmatched pathspec),
- * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
- * actually matched anything.
+ * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, returns the nature of the
+ * closest (i.e. most specific) match of the name to any of the
+ * pathspecs.
+ *
+ * The caller typically calls this multiple times with the same
+ * pathspec and seen[] array but with different name/namelen
+ * (e.g. entries from the index) and is interested in seeing if and
+ * how each pathspec matches all the names it calls this function
+ * with.  A mark is left in the seen[] array for each pathspec element
+ * indicating the closest type of match that element achieved, so if
+ * seen[n] remains zero after multiple invocations, that means the nth
+ * pathspec did not match any names, which could indicate that the
+ * user mistyped the nth pathspec.
  */
 int match_pathspec(const char **pathspec, const char *name, int namelen,
 		int prefix, char *seen)
@@ -237,19 +266,29 @@
 			return MATCHED_RECURSIVELY;
 	}
 
-	if (item->use_wildcard && !fnmatch(match, name, 0))
+	if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len &&
+	    !git_fnmatch(match, name,
+			 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+			 item->nowildcard_len - prefix))
 		return MATCHED_FNMATCH;
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
 /*
- * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, see if the name matches
- * any of the pathspecs.  The caller is also interested in seeing
- * all pathspec matches some names it calls this function with
- * (otherwise the user could have mistyped the unmatched pathspec),
- * and a mark is left in seen[] array for pathspec element that
- * actually matched anything.
+ * Given a name and a list of pathspecs, returns the nature of the
+ * closest (i.e. most specific) match of the name to any of the
+ * pathspecs.
+ *
+ * The caller typically calls this multiple times with the same
+ * pathspec and seen[] array but with different name/namelen
+ * (e.g. entries from the index) and is interested in seeing if and
+ * how each pathspec matches all the names it calls this function
+ * with.  A mark is left in the seen[] array for each pathspec element
+ * indicating the closest type of match that element achieved, so if
+ * seen[n] remains zero after multiple invocations, that means the nth
+ * pathspec did not match any names, which could indicate that the
+ * user mistyped the nth pathspec.
  */
 int match_pathspec_depth(const struct pathspec *ps,
 			 const char *name, int namelen,
@@ -295,50 +334,93 @@
 	return retval;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Return the length of the "simple" part of a path match limiter.
+ */
+static int simple_length(const char *match)
+{
+	int len = -1;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		unsigned char c = *match++;
+		len++;
+		if (c == '\0' || is_glob_special(c))
+			return len;
+	}
+}
+
 static int no_wildcard(const char *string)
 {
-	return string[strcspn(string, "*?[{\\")] == '\0';
+	return string[simple_length(string)] == '\0';
+}
+
+void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **pattern,
+			   int *patternlen,
+			   int *flags,
+			   int *nowildcardlen)
+{
+	const char *p = *pattern;
+	size_t i, len;
+
+	*flags = 0;
+	if (*p == '!') {
+		*flags |= EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE;
+		p++;
+	}
+	len = strlen(p);
+	if (len && p[len - 1] == '/') {
+		len--;
+		*flags |= EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
+		if (p[i] == '/')
+			break;
+	}
+	if (i == len)
+		*flags |= EXC_FLAG_NODIR;
+	*nowildcardlen = simple_length(p);
+	/*
+	 * we should have excluded the trailing slash from 'p' too,
+	 * but that's one more allocation. Instead just make sure
+	 * nowildcardlen does not exceed real patternlen
+	 */
+	if (*nowildcardlen > len)
+		*nowildcardlen = len;
+	if (*p == '*' && no_wildcard(p + 1))
+		*flags |= EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH;
+	*pattern = p;
+	*patternlen = len;
 }
 
 void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
-		 int baselen, struct exclude_list *which)
+		 int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos)
 {
 	struct exclude *x;
-	size_t len;
-	int to_exclude = 1;
-	int flags = 0;
+	int patternlen;
+	int flags;
+	int nowildcardlen;
 
-	if (*string == '!') {
-		to_exclude = 0;
-		string++;
-	}
-	len = strlen(string);
-	if (len && string[len - 1] == '/') {
+	parse_exclude_pattern(&string, &patternlen, &flags, &nowildcardlen);
+	if (flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
 		char *s;
-		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x) + len);
+		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x) + patternlen + 1);
 		s = (char *)(x+1);
-		memcpy(s, string, len - 1);
-		s[len - 1] = '\0';
-		string = s;
+		memcpy(s, string, patternlen);
+		s[patternlen] = '\0';
 		x->pattern = s;
-		flags = EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR;
 	} else {
 		x = xmalloc(sizeof(*x));
 		x->pattern = string;
 	}
-	x->to_exclude = to_exclude;
-	x->patternlen = strlen(string);
+	x->patternlen = patternlen;
+	x->nowildcardlen = nowildcardlen;
 	x->base = base;
 	x->baselen = baselen;
 	x->flags = flags;
-	if (!strchr(string, '/'))
-		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_NODIR;
-	if (no_wildcard(string))
-		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD;
-	if (*string == '*' && no_wildcard(string+1))
-		x->flags |= EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH;
-	ALLOC_GROW(which->excludes, which->nr + 1, which->alloc);
-	which->excludes[which->nr++] = x;
+	x->srcpos = srcpos;
+	ALLOC_GROW(el->excludes, el->nr + 1, el->alloc);
+	el->excludes[el->nr++] = x;
+	x->el = el;
 }
 
 static void *read_skip_worktree_file_from_index(const char *path, size_t *size)
@@ -364,32 +446,39 @@
 	return data;
 }
 
-void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el)
+/*
+ * Frees memory within el which was allocated for exclude patterns and
+ * the file buffer.  Does not free el itself.
+ */
+void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	int i;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < el->nr; i++)
 		free(el->excludes[i]);
 	free(el->excludes);
+	free(el->filebuf);
 
 	el->nr = 0;
 	el->excludes = NULL;
+	el->filebuf = NULL;
 }
 
 int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname,
 				   const char *base,
 				   int baselen,
-				   char **buf_p,
-				   struct exclude_list *which,
+				   struct exclude_list *el,
 				   int check_index)
 {
 	struct stat st;
-	int fd, i;
+	int fd, i, lineno = 1;
 	size_t size = 0;
 	char *buf, *entry;
 
 	fd = open(fname, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0 || fstat(fd, &st) < 0) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			warn_on_inaccessible(fname);
 		if (0 <= fd)
 			close(fd);
 		if (!check_index ||
@@ -420,30 +509,53 @@
 		close(fd);
 	}
 
-	if (buf_p)
-		*buf_p = buf;
+	el->filebuf = buf;
 	entry = buf;
 	for (i = 0; i < size; i++) {
 		if (buf[i] == '\n') {
 			if (entry != buf + i && entry[0] != '#') {
 				buf[i - (i && buf[i-1] == '\r')] = 0;
-				add_exclude(entry, base, baselen, which);
+				add_exclude(entry, base, baselen, el, lineno);
 			}
+			lineno++;
 			entry = buf + i + 1;
 		}
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
+struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+				      int group_type, const char *src)
+{
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+
+	group = &dir->exclude_list_group[group_type];
+	ALLOC_GROW(group->el, group->nr + 1, group->alloc);
+	el = &group->el[group->nr++];
+	memset(el, 0, sizeof(*el));
+	el->src = src;
+	return el;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Used to set up core.excludesfile and .git/info/exclude lists.
+ */
 void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *fname)
 {
-	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(fname, "", 0, NULL,
-					   &dir->exclude_list[EXC_FILE], 0) < 0)
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_FILE, fname);
+	if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(fname, "", 0, el, 0) < 0)
 		die("cannot use %s as an exclude file", fname);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Loads the per-directory exclude list for the substring of base
+ * which has a char length of baselen.
+ */
 static void prep_exclude(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *base, int baselen)
 {
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
 	struct exclude_list *el;
 	struct exclude_stack *stk = NULL;
 	int current;
@@ -452,17 +564,21 @@
 	    (baselen + strlen(dir->exclude_per_dir) >= PATH_MAX))
 		return; /* too long a path -- ignore */
 
-	/* Pop the ones that are not the prefix of the path being checked. */
-	el = &dir->exclude_list[EXC_DIRS];
+	group = &dir->exclude_list_group[EXC_DIRS];
+
+	/* Pop the exclude lists from the EXCL_DIRS exclude_list_group
+	 * which originate from directories not in the prefix of the
+	 * path being checked. */
 	while ((stk = dir->exclude_stack) != NULL) {
 		if (stk->baselen <= baselen &&
 		    !strncmp(dir->basebuf, base, stk->baselen))
 			break;
+		el = &group->el[dir->exclude_stack->exclude_ix];
 		dir->exclude_stack = stk->prev;
-		while (stk->exclude_ix < el->nr)
-			free(el->excludes[--el->nr]);
-		free(stk->filebuf);
+		free((char *)el->src); /* see strdup() below */
+		clear_exclude_list(el);
 		free(stk);
+		group->nr--;
 	}
 
 	/* Read from the parent directories and push them down. */
@@ -483,100 +599,288 @@
 		}
 		stk->prev = dir->exclude_stack;
 		stk->baselen = cp - base;
-		stk->exclude_ix = el->nr;
 		memcpy(dir->basebuf + current, base + current,
 		       stk->baselen - current);
 		strcpy(dir->basebuf + stk->baselen, dir->exclude_per_dir);
+		/*
+		 * dir->basebuf gets reused by the traversal, but we
+		 * need fname to remain unchanged to ensure the src
+		 * member of each struct exclude correctly
+		 * back-references its source file.  Other invocations
+		 * of add_exclude_list provide stable strings, so we
+		 * strdup() and free() here in the caller.
+		 */
+		el = add_exclude_list(dir, EXC_DIRS, strdup(dir->basebuf));
+		stk->exclude_ix = group->nr - 1;
 		add_excludes_from_file_to_list(dir->basebuf,
 					       dir->basebuf, stk->baselen,
-					       &stk->filebuf, el, 1);
+					       el, 1);
 		dir->exclude_stack = stk;
 		current = stk->baselen;
 	}
 	dir->basebuf[baselen] = '\0';
 }
 
-/* Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
- * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
+int match_basename(const char *basename, int basenamelen,
+		   const char *pattern, int prefix, int patternlen,
+		   int flags)
+{
+	if (prefix == patternlen) {
+		if (!strcmp_icase(pattern, basename))
+			return 1;
+	} else if (flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
+		if (patternlen - 1 <= basenamelen &&
+		    !strcmp_icase(pattern + 1,
+				  basename + basenamelen - patternlen + 1))
+			return 1;
+	} else {
+		if (fnmatch_icase(pattern, basename, 0) == 0)
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int match_pathname(const char *pathname, int pathlen,
+		   const char *base, int baselen,
+		   const char *pattern, int prefix, int patternlen,
+		   int flags)
+{
+	const char *name;
+	int namelen;
+
+	/*
+	 * match with FNM_PATHNAME; the pattern has base implicitly
+	 * in front of it.
+	 */
+	if (*pattern == '/') {
+		pattern++;
+		prefix--;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * baselen does not count the trailing slash. base[] may or
+	 * may not end with a trailing slash though.
+	 */
+	if (pathlen < baselen + 1 ||
+	    (baselen && pathname[baselen] != '/') ||
+	    strncmp_icase(pathname, base, baselen))
+		return 0;
+
+	namelen = baselen ? pathlen - baselen - 1 : pathlen;
+	name = pathname + pathlen - namelen;
+
+	if (prefix) {
+		/*
+		 * if the non-wildcard part is longer than the
+		 * remaining pathname, surely it cannot match.
+		 */
+		if (prefix > namelen)
+			return 0;
+
+		if (strncmp_icase(pattern, name, prefix))
+			return 0;
+		pattern += prefix;
+		name    += prefix;
+		namelen -= prefix;
+	}
+
+	return wildmatch(pattern, name,
+			 WM_PATHNAME | (ignore_case ? WM_CASEFOLD : 0),
+			 NULL) == 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan the given exclude list in reverse to see whether pathname
+ * should be ignored.  The first match (i.e. the last on the list), if
+ * any, determines the fate.  Returns the exclude_list element which
+ * matched, or NULL for undecided.
  */
-int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
-		       int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
-		       struct exclude_list *el)
+static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_from_list(const char *pathname,
+						       int pathlen,
+						       const char *basename,
+						       int *dtype,
+						       struct exclude_list *el)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	if (el->nr) {
-		for (i = el->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
-			struct exclude *x = el->excludes[i];
-			const char *exclude = x->pattern;
-			int to_exclude = x->to_exclude;
+	if (!el->nr)
+		return NULL;	/* undefined */
 
-			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
-				if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-					*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
-				if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
-					continue;
-			}
+	for (i = el->nr - 1; 0 <= i; i--) {
+		struct exclude *x = el->excludes[i];
+		const char *exclude = x->pattern;
+		int prefix = x->nowildcardlen;
 
-			if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
-				/* match basename */
-				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
-					if (!strcmp_icase(exclude, basename))
-						return to_exclude;
-				} else if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH) {
-					if (x->patternlen - 1 <= pathlen &&
-					    !strcmp_icase(exclude + 1, pathname + pathlen - x->patternlen + 1))
-						return to_exclude;
-				} else {
-					if (fnmatch_icase(exclude, basename, 0) == 0)
-						return to_exclude;
-				}
-			}
-			else {
-				/* match with FNM_PATHNAME:
-				 * exclude has base (baselen long) implicitly
-				 * in front of it.
-				 */
-				int baselen = x->baselen;
-				if (*exclude == '/')
-					exclude++;
-
-				if (pathlen < baselen ||
-				    (baselen && pathname[baselen-1] != '/') ||
-				    strncmp_icase(pathname, x->base, baselen))
-				    continue;
-
-				if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD) {
-					if (!strcmp_icase(exclude, pathname + baselen))
-						return to_exclude;
-				} else {
-					if (fnmatch_icase(exclude, pathname+baselen,
-						    FNM_PATHNAME) == 0)
-					    return to_exclude;
-				}
-			}
+		if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR) {
+			if (*dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
+				*dtype = get_dtype(NULL, pathname, pathlen);
+			if (*dtype != DT_DIR)
+				continue;
 		}
+
+		if (x->flags & EXC_FLAG_NODIR) {
+			if (match_basename(basename,
+					   pathlen - (basename - pathname),
+					   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen,
+					   x->flags))
+				return x;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		assert(x->baselen == 0 || x->base[x->baselen - 1] == '/');
+		if (match_pathname(pathname, pathlen,
+				   x->base, x->baselen ? x->baselen - 1 : 0,
+				   exclude, prefix, x->patternlen, x->flags))
+			return x;
 	}
+	return NULL; /* undecided */
+}
+
+/*
+ * Scan the list and let the last match determine the fate.
+ * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include and -1 for undecided.
+ */
+int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname,
+			  int pathlen, const char *basename, int *dtype,
+			  struct exclude_list *el)
+{
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+	exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype, el);
+	if (exclude)
+		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
 	return -1; /* undecided */
 }
 
-int excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
+/*
+ * Loads the exclude lists for the directory containing pathname, then
+ * scans all exclude lists to determine whether pathname is excluded.
+ * Returns the exclude_list element which matched, or NULL for
+ * undecided.
+ */
+static struct exclude *last_exclude_matching(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     const char *pathname,
+					     int *dtype_p)
 {
 	int pathlen = strlen(pathname);
-	int st;
+	int i, j;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
 	const char *basename = strrchr(pathname, '/');
 	basename = (basename) ? basename+1 : pathname;
 
 	prep_exclude(dir, pathname, basename-pathname);
-	for (st = EXC_CMDL; st <= EXC_FILE; st++) {
-		switch (excluded_from_list(pathname, pathlen, basename,
-					   dtype_p, &dir->exclude_list[st])) {
-		case 0:
-			return 0;
-		case 1:
-			return 1;
+
+	for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
+		group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
+		for (j = group->nr - 1; j >= 0; j--) {
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching_from_list(
+				pathname, pathlen, basename, dtype_p,
+				&group->el[j]);
+			if (exclude)
+				return exclude;
 		}
 	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Loads the exclude lists for the directory containing pathname, then
+ * scans all exclude lists to determine whether pathname is excluded.
+ * Returns 1 if true, otherwise 0.
+ */
+static int is_excluded(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int *dtype_p)
+{
+	struct exclude *exclude =
+		last_exclude_matching(dir, pathname, dtype_p);
+	if (exclude)
+		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void path_exclude_check_init(struct path_exclude_check *check,
+			     struct dir_struct *dir)
+{
+	check->dir = dir;
+	check->exclude = NULL;
+	strbuf_init(&check->path, 256);
+}
+
+void path_exclude_check_clear(struct path_exclude_check *check)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&check->path);
+}
+
+/*
+ * For each subdirectory in name, starting with the top-most, checks
+ * to see if that subdirectory is excluded, and if so, returns the
+ * corresponding exclude structure.  Otherwise, checks whether name
+ * itself (which is presumably a file) is excluded.
+ *
+ * A path to a directory known to be excluded is left in check->path to
+ * optimize for repeated checks for files in the same excluded directory.
+ */
+struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_path(struct path_exclude_check *check,
+					   const char *name, int namelen,
+					   int *dtype)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct strbuf *path = &check->path;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+
+	/*
+	 * we allow the caller to pass namelen as an optimization; it
+	 * must match the length of the name, as we eventually call
+	 * is_excluded() on the whole name string.
+	 */
+	if (namelen < 0)
+		namelen = strlen(name);
+
+	/*
+	 * If path is non-empty, and name is equal to path or a
+	 * subdirectory of path, name should be excluded, because
+	 * it's inside a directory which is already known to be
+	 * excluded and was previously left in check->path.
+	 */
+	if (path->len &&
+	    path->len <= namelen &&
+	    !memcmp(name, path->buf, path->len) &&
+	    (!name[path->len] || name[path->len] == '/'))
+		return check->exclude;
+
+	strbuf_setlen(path, 0);
+	for (i = 0; name[i]; i++) {
+		int ch = name[i];
+
+		if (ch == '/') {
+			int dt = DT_DIR;
+			exclude = last_exclude_matching(check->dir,
+							path->buf, &dt);
+			if (exclude) {
+				check->exclude = exclude;
+				return exclude;
+			}
+		}
+		strbuf_addch(path, ch);
+	}
+
+	/* An entry in the index; cannot be a directory with subentries */
+	strbuf_setlen(path, 0);
+
+	return last_exclude_matching(check->dir, name, dtype);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Is this name excluded?  This is for a caller like show_files() that
+ * do not honor directory hierarchy and iterate through paths that are
+ * possibly in an ignored directory.
+ */
+int is_path_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *check,
+		  const char *name, int namelen, int *dtype)
+{
+	struct exclude *exclude =
+		last_exclude_matching_path(check, name, namelen, dtype);
+	if (exclude)
+		return exclude->flags & EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE ? 0 : 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -593,7 +897,8 @@
 
 static struct dir_entry *dir_add_name(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len)
 {
-	if (cache_name_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
+	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
+	    cache_name_exists(pathname, len, ignore_case))
 		return NULL;
 
 	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr+1, dir->alloc);
@@ -695,8 +1000,9 @@
  * traversal routine.
  *
  * Case 1: If we *already* have entries in the index under that
- * directory name, we always recurse into the directory to see
- * all the files.
+ * directory name, we recurse into the directory to see all the files,
+ * unless the directory is excluded and we want to show ignored
+ * directories
  *
  * Case 2: If we *already* have that directory name as a gitlink,
  * we always continue to see it as a gitlink, regardless of whether
@@ -710,6 +1016,9 @@
  *      just a directory, unless "hide_empty_directories" is
  *      also true and the directory is empty, in which case
  *      we just ignore it entirely.
+ *      if we are looking for ignored directories, look if it
+ *      contains only ignored files to decide if it must be shown as
+ *      ignored or not.
  *  (b) if it looks like a git directory, and we don't have
  *      'no_gitlinks' set we treat it as a gitlink, and show it
  *      as a directory.
@@ -722,12 +1031,15 @@
 };
 
 static enum directory_treatment treat_directory(struct dir_struct *dir,
-	const char *dirname, int len,
+	const char *dirname, int len, int exclude,
 	const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
 	/* The "len-1" is to strip the final '/' */
 	switch (directory_exists_in_index(dirname, len-1)) {
 	case index_directory:
+		if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES) && exclude)
+			break;
+
 		return recurse_into_directory;
 
 	case index_gitdir:
@@ -747,7 +1059,23 @@
 	}
 
 	/* This is the "show_other_directories" case */
-	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
+
+	/*
+	 * We are looking for ignored files and our directory is not ignored,
+	 * check if it contains only ignored files
+	 */
+	if ((dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) && !exclude) {
+		int ignored;
+		dir->flags &= ~DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+		dir->flags |= DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+		ignored = read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify);
+		dir->flags &= ~DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES;
+		dir->flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+
+		return ignored ? ignore_directory : show_directory;
+	}
+	if (!(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) &&
+	    !(dir->flags & DIR_HIDE_EMPTY_DIRECTORIES))
 		return show_directory;
 	if (!read_directory_recursive(dir, dirname, len, 1, simplify))
 		return ignore_directory;
@@ -755,6 +1083,45 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Decide what to do when we find a file while traversing the
+ * filesystem. Mostly two cases:
+ *
+ *  1. We are looking for ignored files
+ *   (a) File is ignored, include it
+ *   (b) File is in ignored path, include it
+ *   (c) File is not ignored, exclude it
+ *
+ *  2. Other scenarios, include the file if not excluded
+ *
+ * Return 1 for exclude, 0 for include.
+ */
+static int treat_file(struct dir_struct *dir, struct strbuf *path, int exclude, int *dtype)
+{
+	struct path_exclude_check check;
+	int exclude_file = 0;
+
+	if (exclude)
+		exclude_file = !(dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED);
+	else if (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED) {
+		/* Always exclude indexed files */
+		struct cache_entry *ce = index_name_exists(&the_index,
+		    path->buf, path->len, ignore_case);
+
+		if (ce)
+			return 1;
+
+		path_exclude_check_init(&check, dir);
+
+		if (!is_path_excluded(&check, path->buf, path->len, dtype))
+			exclude_file = 1;
+
+		path_exclude_check_clear(&check);
+	}
+
+	return exclude_file;
+}
+
+/*
  * This is an inexact early pruning of any recursive directory
  * reading - if the path cannot possibly be in the pathspec,
  * return true, and we'll skip it early.
@@ -873,14 +1240,14 @@
 };
 
 static enum path_treatment treat_one_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
-					  char *path, int *len,
+					  struct strbuf *path,
 					  const struct path_simplify *simplify,
 					  int dtype, struct dirent *de)
 {
-	int exclude = excluded(dir, path, &dtype);
+	int exclude = is_excluded(dir, path->buf, &dtype);
 	if (exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_COLLECT_IGNORED)
-	    && exclude_matches_pathspec(path, *len, simplify))
-		dir_add_ignored(dir, path, *len);
+	    && exclude_matches_pathspec(path->buf, path->len, simplify))
+		dir_add_ignored(dir, path->buf, path->len);
 
 	/*
 	 * Excluded? If we don't explicitly want to show
@@ -890,30 +1257,16 @@
 		return path_ignored;
 
 	if (dtype == DT_UNKNOWN)
-		dtype = get_dtype(de, path, *len);
-
-	/*
-	 * Do we want to see just the ignored files?
-	 * We still need to recurse into directories,
-	 * even if we don't ignore them, since the
-	 * directory may contain files that we do..
-	 */
-	if (!exclude && (dir->flags & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED)) {
-		if (dtype != DT_DIR)
-			return path_ignored;
-	}
+		dtype = get_dtype(de, path->buf, path->len);
 
 	switch (dtype) {
 	default:
 		return path_ignored;
 	case DT_DIR:
-		memcpy(path + *len, "/", 2);
-		(*len)++;
-		switch (treat_directory(dir, path, *len, simplify)) {
+		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
+
+		switch (treat_directory(dir, path->buf, path->len, exclude, simplify)) {
 		case show_directory:
-			if (exclude != !!(dir->flags
-					  & DIR_SHOW_IGNORED))
-				return path_ignored;
 			break;
 		case recurse_into_directory:
 			return path_recurse;
@@ -923,33 +1276,33 @@
 		break;
 	case DT_REG:
 	case DT_LNK:
-		break;
+		switch (treat_file(dir, path, exclude, &dtype)) {
+		case 1:
+			return path_ignored;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
 	}
 	return path_handled;
 }
 
 static enum path_treatment treat_path(struct dir_struct *dir,
 				      struct dirent *de,
-				      char *path, int path_max,
+				      struct strbuf *path,
 				      int baselen,
-				      const struct path_simplify *simplify,
-				      int *len)
+				      const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
 	int dtype;
 
 	if (is_dot_or_dotdot(de->d_name) || !strcmp(de->d_name, ".git"))
 		return path_ignored;
-	*len = strlen(de->d_name);
-	/* Ignore overly long pathnames! */
-	if (*len + baselen + 8 > path_max)
-		return path_ignored;
-	memcpy(path + baselen, de->d_name, *len + 1);
-	*len += baselen;
-	if (simplify_away(path, *len, simplify))
+	strbuf_setlen(path, baselen);
+	strbuf_addstr(path, de->d_name);
+	if (simplify_away(path->buf, path->len, simplify))
 		return path_ignored;
 
 	dtype = DTYPE(de);
-	return treat_one_path(dir, path, len, simplify, dtype, de);
+	return treat_one_path(dir, path, simplify, dtype, de);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -966,36 +1319,37 @@
 				    int check_only,
 				    const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
-	DIR *fdir = opendir(*base ? base : ".");
+	DIR *fdir;
 	int contents = 0;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-	if (fdir) {
-		struct dirent *de;
-		char path[PATH_MAX + 1];
-		memcpy(path, base, baselen);
+	strbuf_add(&path, base, baselen);
 
-		while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
-			int len;
-			switch (treat_path(dir, de, path, sizeof(path),
-					   baselen, simplify, &len)) {
-			case path_recurse:
-				contents += read_directory_recursive
-					(dir, path, len, 0, simplify);
-				continue;
-			case path_ignored:
-				continue;
-			case path_handled:
-				break;
-			}
-			contents++;
-			if (check_only)
-				goto exit_early;
-			else
-				dir_add_name(dir, path, len);
+	fdir = opendir(path.len ? path.buf : ".");
+	if (!fdir)
+		goto out;
+
+	while ((de = readdir(fdir)) != NULL) {
+		switch (treat_path(dir, de, &path, baselen, simplify)) {
+		case path_recurse:
+			contents += read_directory_recursive(dir, path.buf,
+							     path.len, 0,
+							     simplify);
+			continue;
+		case path_ignored:
+			continue;
+		case path_handled:
+			break;
 		}
-exit_early:
-		closedir(fdir);
+		contents++;
+		if (check_only)
+			break;
+		dir_add_name(dir, path.buf, path.len);
 	}
+	closedir(fdir);
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&path);
 
 	return contents;
 }
@@ -1009,21 +1363,6 @@
 				  e2->name, e2->len);
 }
 
-/*
- * Return the length of the "simple" part of a path match limiter.
- */
-static int simple_length(const char *match)
-{
-	int len = -1;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		unsigned char c = *match++;
-		len++;
-		if (c == '\0' || is_glob_special(c))
-			return len;
-	}
-}
-
 static struct path_simplify *create_simplify(const char **pathspec)
 {
 	int nr, alloc = 0;
@@ -1058,8 +1397,8 @@
 			      const char *path, int len,
 			      const struct path_simplify *simplify)
 {
-	char pathbuf[PATH_MAX];
-	int baselen, blen;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int baselen, rc = 0;
 	const char *cp;
 
 	while (len && path[len - 1] == '/')
@@ -1074,19 +1413,22 @@
 			baselen = len;
 		else
 			baselen = cp - path;
-		memcpy(pathbuf, path, baselen);
-		pathbuf[baselen] = '\0';
-		if (!is_directory(pathbuf))
-			return 0;
-		if (simplify_away(pathbuf, baselen, simplify))
-			return 0;
-		blen = baselen;
-		if (treat_one_path(dir, pathbuf, &blen, simplify,
+		strbuf_setlen(&sb, 0);
+		strbuf_add(&sb, path, baselen);
+		if (!is_directory(sb.buf))
+			break;
+		if (simplify_away(sb.buf, sb.len, simplify))
+			break;
+		if (treat_one_path(dir, &sb, simplify,
 				   DT_DIR, NULL) == path_ignored)
-			return 0; /* do not recurse into it */
-		if (len <= baselen)
-			return 1; /* finished checking */
+			break; /* do not recurse into it */
+		if (len <= baselen) {
+			rc = 1;
+			break; /* finished checking */
+		}
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return rc;
 }
 
 int read_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec)
@@ -1172,22 +1514,32 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag)
+static int remove_dir_recurse(struct strbuf *path, int flag, int *kept_up)
 {
 	DIR *dir;
 	struct dirent *e;
-	int ret = 0, original_len = path->len, len;
+	int ret = 0, original_len = path->len, len, kept_down = 0;
 	int only_empty = (flag & REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY);
+	int keep_toplevel = (flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL);
 	unsigned char submodule_head[20];
 
 	if ((flag & REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT) &&
-	    !resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head))
+	    !resolve_gitlink_ref(path->buf, "HEAD", submodule_head)) {
 		/* Do not descend and nuke a nested git work tree. */
+		if (kept_up)
+			*kept_up = 1;
 		return 0;
+	}
 
+	flag &= ~REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL;
 	dir = opendir(path->buf);
-	if (!dir)
-		return rmdir(path->buf);
+	if (!dir) {
+		/* an empty dir could be removed even if it is unreadble */
+		if (!keep_toplevel)
+			return rmdir(path->buf);
+		else
+			return -1;
+	}
 	if (path->buf[original_len - 1] != '/')
 		strbuf_addch(path, '/');
 
@@ -1202,7 +1554,7 @@
 		if (lstat(path->buf, &st))
 			; /* fall thru */
 		else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-			if (!remove_dir_recursively(path, only_empty))
+			if (!remove_dir_recurse(path, flag, &kept_down))
 				continue; /* happy */
 		} else if (!only_empty && !unlink(path->buf))
 			continue; /* happy, too */
@@ -1214,20 +1566,36 @@
 	closedir(dir);
 
 	strbuf_setlen(path, original_len);
-	if (!ret)
+	if (!ret && !keep_toplevel && !kept_down)
 		ret = rmdir(path->buf);
+	else if (kept_up)
+		/*
+		 * report the uplevel that it is not an error that we
+		 * did not rmdir() our directory.
+		 */
+		*kept_up = !ret;
 	return ret;
 }
 
+int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag)
+{
+	return remove_dir_recurse(path, flag, NULL);
+}
+
 void setup_standard_excludes(struct dir_struct *dir)
 {
 	const char *path;
+	char *xdg_path;
 
 	dir->exclude_per_dir = ".gitignore";
 	path = git_path("info/exclude");
-	if (!access(path, R_OK))
+	if (!excludes_file) {
+		home_config_paths(NULL, &xdg_path, "ignore");
+		excludes_file = xdg_path;
+	}
+	if (!access_or_warn(path, R_OK))
 		add_excludes_from_file(dir, path);
-	if (excludes_file && !access(excludes_file, R_OK))
+	if (excludes_file && !access_or_warn(excludes_file, R_OK))
 		add_excludes_from_file(dir, excludes_file);
 }
 
@@ -1281,9 +1649,18 @@
 
 		item->match = path;
 		item->len = strlen(path);
-		item->use_wildcard = !no_wildcard(path);
-		if (item->use_wildcard)
-			pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
+		item->flags = 0;
+		if (limit_pathspec_to_literal()) {
+			item->nowildcard_len = item->len;
+		} else {
+			item->nowildcard_len = simple_length(path);
+			if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len) {
+				pathspec->has_wildcard = 1;
+				if (path[item->nowildcard_len] == '*' &&
+				    no_wildcard(path + item->nowildcard_len + 1))
+					item->flags |= PATHSPEC_ONESTAR;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	qsort(pathspec->items, pathspec->nr,
@@ -1297,3 +1674,41 @@
 	free(pathspec->items);
 	pathspec->items = NULL;
 }
+
+int limit_pathspec_to_literal(void)
+{
+	static int flag = -1;
+	if (flag < 0)
+		flag = git_env_bool(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, 0);
+	return flag;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Frees memory within dir which was allocated for exclude lists and
+ * the exclude_stack.  Does not free dir itself.
+ */
+void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	struct exclude_list_group *group;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
+	struct exclude_stack *stk;
+
+	for (i = EXC_CMDL; i <= EXC_FILE; i++) {
+		group = &dir->exclude_list_group[i];
+		for (j = 0; j < group->nr; j++) {
+			el = &group->el[j];
+			if (i == EXC_DIRS)
+				free((char *)el->src);
+			clear_exclude_list(el);
+		}
+		free(group->el);
+	}
+
+	stk = dir->exclude_stack;
+	while (stk) {
+		struct exclude_stack *prev = stk->prev;
+		free(stk);
+		stk = prev;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/dir.h b/dir.h
index dd6947e..c3eb4b5 100644
--- a/dir.h
+++ b/dir.h
@@ -1,34 +1,74 @@
 #ifndef DIR_H
 #define DIR_H
 
+/* See Documentation/technical/api-directory-listing.txt */
+
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
 struct dir_entry {
 	unsigned int len;
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
 };
 
 #define EXC_FLAG_NODIR 1
-#define EXC_FLAG_NOWILDCARD 2
 #define EXC_FLAG_ENDSWITH 4
 #define EXC_FLAG_MUSTBEDIR 8
+#define EXC_FLAG_NEGATIVE 16
 
+/*
+ * Each excludes file will be parsed into a fresh exclude_list which
+ * is appended to the relevant exclude_list_group (either EXC_DIRS or
+ * EXC_FILE).  An exclude_list within the EXC_CMDL exclude_list_group
+ * can also be used to represent the list of --exclude values passed
+ * via CLI args.
+ */
 struct exclude_list {
 	int nr;
 	int alloc;
+
+	/* remember pointer to exclude file contents so we can free() */
+	char *filebuf;
+
+	/* origin of list, e.g. path to filename, or descriptive string */
+	const char *src;
+
 	struct exclude {
+		/*
+		 * This allows callers of last_exclude_matching() etc.
+		 * to determine the origin of the matching pattern.
+		 */
+		struct exclude_list *el;
+
 		const char *pattern;
 		int patternlen;
+		int nowildcardlen;
 		const char *base;
 		int baselen;
-		int to_exclude;
 		int flags;
+
+		/*
+		 * Counting starts from 1 for line numbers in ignore files,
+		 * and from -1 decrementing for patterns from CLI args.
+		 */
+		int srcpos;
 	} **excludes;
 };
 
+/*
+ * The contents of the per-directory exclude files are lazily read on
+ * demand and then cached in memory, one per exclude_stack struct, in
+ * order to avoid opening and parsing each one every time that
+ * directory is traversed.
+ */
 struct exclude_stack {
-	struct exclude_stack *prev;
-	char *filebuf;
+	struct exclude_stack *prev; /* the struct exclude_stack for the parent directory */
 	int baselen;
-	int exclude_ix;
+	int exclude_ix; /* index of exclude_list within EXC_DIRS exclude_list_group */
+};
+
+struct exclude_list_group {
+	int nr, alloc;
+	struct exclude_list *el;
 };
 
 struct dir_struct {
@@ -46,21 +86,42 @@
 
 	/* Exclude info */
 	const char *exclude_per_dir;
-	struct exclude_list exclude_list[3];
+
 	/*
-	 * We maintain three exclude pattern lists:
+	 * We maintain three groups of exclude pattern lists:
+	 *
 	 * EXC_CMDL lists patterns explicitly given on the command line.
 	 * EXC_DIRS lists patterns obtained from per-directory ignore files.
-	 * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files.
+	 * EXC_FILE lists patterns from fallback ignore files, e.g.
+	 *   - .git/info/exclude
+	 *   - core.excludesfile
+	 *
+	 * Each group contains multiple exclude lists, a single list
+	 * per source.
 	 */
 #define EXC_CMDL 0
 #define EXC_DIRS 1
 #define EXC_FILE 2
+	struct exclude_list_group exclude_list_group[3];
 
+	/*
+	 * Temporary variables which are used during loading of the
+	 * per-directory exclude lists.
+	 *
+	 * exclude_stack points to the top of the exclude_stack, and
+	 * basebuf contains the full path to the current
+	 * (sub)directory in the traversal.
+	 */
 	struct exclude_stack *exclude_stack;
 	char basebuf[PATH_MAX];
 };
 
+/*
+ * The ordering of these constants is significant, with
+ * higher-numbered match types signifying "closer" (i.e. more
+ * specific) matches which will override lower-numbered match types
+ * when populating the seen[] array.
+ */
 #define MATCHED_RECURSIVELY 1
 #define MATCHED_FNMATCH 2
 #define MATCHED_EXACTLY 3
@@ -74,16 +135,47 @@
 extern int fill_directory(struct dir_struct *dir, const char **pathspec);
 extern int read_directory(struct dir_struct *, const char *path, int len, const char **pathspec);
 
-extern int excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
-			      int *dtype, struct exclude_list *el);
-extern int excluded(struct dir_struct *, const char *, int *);
+extern int is_excluded_from_list(const char *pathname, int pathlen, const char *basename,
+				 int *dtype, struct exclude_list *el);
 struct dir_entry *dir_add_ignored(struct dir_struct *dir, const char *pathname, int len);
+
+/*
+ * these implement the matching logic for dir.c:excluded_from_list and
+ * attr.c:path_matches()
+ */
+extern int match_basename(const char *, int,
+			  const char *, int, int, int);
+extern int match_pathname(const char *, int,
+			  const char *, int,
+			  const char *, int, int, int);
+
+/*
+ * The is_excluded() API is meant for callers that check each level of leading
+ * directory hierarchies with is_excluded() to avoid recursing into excluded
+ * directories.  Callers that do not do so should use this API instead.
+ */
+struct path_exclude_check {
+	struct dir_struct *dir;
+	struct exclude *exclude;
+	struct strbuf path;
+};
+extern void path_exclude_check_init(struct path_exclude_check *, struct dir_struct *);
+extern void path_exclude_check_clear(struct path_exclude_check *);
+extern struct exclude *last_exclude_matching_path(struct path_exclude_check *, const char *,
+						  int namelen, int *dtype);
+extern int is_path_excluded(struct path_exclude_check *, const char *, int namelen, int *dtype);
+
+
+extern struct exclude_list *add_exclude_list(struct dir_struct *dir,
+					     int group_type, const char *src);
 extern int add_excludes_from_file_to_list(const char *fname, const char *base, int baselen,
-					  char **buf_p, struct exclude_list *which, int check_index);
+					  struct exclude_list *el, int check_index);
 extern void add_excludes_from_file(struct dir_struct *, const char *fname);
+extern void parse_exclude_pattern(const char **string, int *patternlen, int *flags, int *nowildcardlen);
 extern void add_exclude(const char *string, const char *base,
-			int baselen, struct exclude_list *which);
-extern void free_excludes(struct exclude_list *el);
+			int baselen, struct exclude_list *el, int srcpos);
+extern void clear_exclude_list(struct exclude_list *el);
+extern void clear_directory(struct dir_struct *dir);
 extern int file_exists(const char *);
 
 extern int is_inside_dir(const char *dir);
@@ -102,6 +194,7 @@
 
 #define REMOVE_DIR_EMPTY_ONLY 01
 #define REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_NESTED_GIT 02
+#define REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL 04
 extern int remove_dir_recursively(struct strbuf *path, int flag);
 
 /* tries to remove the path with empty directories along it, ignores ENOENT */
@@ -111,4 +204,13 @@
 extern int strncmp_icase(const char *a, const char *b, size_t count);
 extern int fnmatch_icase(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags);
 
+/*
+ * The prefix part of pattern must not contains wildcards.
+ */
+#define GFNM_PATHNAME 1		/* similar to FNM_PATHNAME */
+#define GFNM_ONESTAR  2		/* there is only _one_ wildcard, a star */
+
+extern int git_fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string,
+		       int flags, int prefix);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/editor.c b/editor.c
index d834003..27bdecd 100644
--- a/editor.c
+++ b/editor.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 
 #ifndef DEFAULT_EDITOR
 #define DEFAULT_EDITOR "vi"
@@ -37,8 +38,25 @@
 
 	if (strcmp(editor, ":")) {
 		const char *args[] = { editor, path, NULL };
+		struct child_process p;
+		int ret, sig;
 
-		if (run_command_v_opt_cd_env(args, RUN_USING_SHELL, NULL, env))
+		memset(&p, 0, sizeof(p));
+		p.argv = args;
+		p.env = env;
+		p.use_shell = 1;
+		if (start_command(&p) < 0)
+			return error("unable to start editor '%s'", editor);
+
+		sigchain_push(SIGINT, SIG_IGN);
+		sigchain_push(SIGQUIT, SIG_IGN);
+		ret = finish_command(&p);
+		sig = ret - 128;
+		sigchain_pop(SIGINT);
+		sigchain_pop(SIGQUIT);
+		if (sig == SIGINT || sig == SIGQUIT)
+			raise(sig);
+		if (ret)
 			return error("There was a problem with the editor '%s'.",
 					editor);
 	}
diff --git a/entry.c b/entry.c
index 852fea1..17a6bcc 100644
--- a/entry.c
+++ b/entry.c
@@ -120,58 +120,15 @@
 				 const struct checkout *state, int to_tempfile,
 				 int *fstat_done, struct stat *statbuf)
 {
-	struct git_istream *st;
-	enum object_type type;
-	unsigned long sz;
 	int result = -1;
-	ssize_t kept = 0;
-	int fd = -1;
-
-	st = open_istream(ce->sha1, &type, &sz, filter);
-	if (!st)
-		return -1;
-	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-		goto close_and_exit;
+	int fd;
 
 	fd = open_output_fd(path, ce, to_tempfile);
-	if (fd < 0)
-		goto close_and_exit;
-
-	for (;;) {
-		char buf[1024 * 16];
-		ssize_t wrote, holeto;
-		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
-
-		if (!readlen)
-			break;
-		if (sizeof(buf) == readlen) {
-			for (holeto = 0; holeto < readlen; holeto++)
-				if (buf[holeto])
-					break;
-			if (readlen == holeto) {
-				kept += holeto;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-
-		if (kept && lseek(fd, kept, SEEK_CUR) == (off_t) -1)
-			goto close_and_exit;
-		else
-			kept = 0;
-		wrote = write_in_full(fd, buf, readlen);
-
-		if (wrote != readlen)
-			goto close_and_exit;
-	}
-	if (kept && (lseek(fd, kept - 1, SEEK_CUR) == (off_t) -1 ||
-		     write(fd, "", 1) != 1))
-		goto close_and_exit;
-	*fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, statbuf);
-
-close_and_exit:
-	close_istream(st);
-	if (0 <= fd)
+	if (0 <= fd) {
+		result = stream_blob_to_fd(fd, ce->sha1, filter, 1);
+		*fstat_done = fstat_output(fd, state, statbuf);
 		result = close(fd);
+	}
 	if (result && 0 <= fd)
 		unlink(path);
 	return result;
diff --git a/environment.c b/environment.c
index 0bee6a7..89d6c70 100644
--- a/environment.c
+++ b/environment.c
@@ -9,12 +9,11 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
+#include "fmt-merge-msg.h"
 
-char git_default_email[MAX_GITNAME];
-char git_default_name[MAX_GITNAME];
-int user_ident_explicitly_given;
 int trust_executable_bit = 1;
 int trust_ctime = 1;
+int check_stat = 1;
 int has_symlinks = 1;
 int minimum_abbrev = 4, default_abbrev = 7;
 int ignore_case;
@@ -51,7 +50,7 @@
 unsigned whitespace_rule_cfg = WS_DEFAULT_RULE;
 enum branch_track git_branch_track = BRANCH_TRACK_REMOTE;
 enum rebase_setup_type autorebase = AUTOREBASE_NEVER;
-enum push_default_type push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_MATCHING;
+enum push_default_type push_default = PUSH_DEFAULT_UNSPECIFIED;
 #ifndef OBJECT_CREATION_MODE
 #define OBJECT_CREATION_MODE OBJECT_CREATION_USES_HARDLINKS
 #endif
@@ -59,7 +58,16 @@
 char *notes_ref_name;
 int grafts_replace_parents = 1;
 int core_apply_sparse_checkout;
+int merge_log_config = -1;
+int precomposed_unicode = -1; /* see probe_utf8_pathname_composition() */
 struct startup_info *startup_info;
+unsigned long pack_size_limit_cfg;
+
+/*
+ * The character that begins a commented line in user-editable file
+ * that is subject to stripspace.
+ */
+char comment_line_char = '#';
 
 /* Parallel index stat data preload? */
 int core_preload_index = 0;
diff --git a/exec_cmd.c b/exec_cmd.c
index 171e841..125fa6f 100644
--- a/exec_cmd.c
+++ b/exec_cmd.c
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@
 	trace_argv_printf(nargv, "trace: exec:");
 
 	/* execvp() can only ever return if it fails */
-	execvp("git", (char **)nargv);
+	sane_execvp("git", (char **)nargv);
 
 	trace_printf("trace: exec failed: %s\n", strerror(errno));
 
diff --git a/fast-import.c b/fast-import.c
index 8d8ea3c..c2a814e 100644
--- a/fast-import.c
+++ b/fast-import.c
@@ -855,15 +855,15 @@
 
 static void start_packfile(void)
 {
-	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
 	struct packed_git *p;
 	struct pack_header hdr;
 	int pack_fd;
 
-	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile),
+	pack_fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file),
 			      "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
-	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmpfile) + 2);
-	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmpfile);
+	p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p) + strlen(tmp_file) + 2);
+	strcpy(p->pack_name, tmp_file);
 	p->pack_fd = pack_fd;
 	p->do_not_close = 1;
 	pack_file = sha1fd(pack_fd, p->pack_name);
@@ -1143,17 +1143,11 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void truncate_pack(off_t to, git_SHA_CTX *ctx)
+static void truncate_pack(struct sha1file_checkpoint *checkpoint)
 {
-	if (ftruncate(pack_data->pack_fd, to)
-	 || lseek(pack_data->pack_fd, to, SEEK_SET) != to)
+	if (sha1file_truncate(pack_file, checkpoint))
 		die_errno("cannot truncate pack to skip duplicate");
-	pack_size = to;
-
-	/* yes this is a layering violation */
-	pack_file->total = to;
-	pack_file->offset = 0;
-	pack_file->ctx = *ctx;
+	pack_size = checkpoint->offset;
 }
 
 static void stream_blob(uintmax_t len, unsigned char *sha1out, uintmax_t mark)
@@ -1166,8 +1160,8 @@
 	unsigned long hdrlen;
 	off_t offset;
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
-	git_SHA_CTX pack_file_ctx;
 	git_zstream s;
+	struct sha1file_checkpoint checkpoint;
 	int status = Z_OK;
 
 	/* Determine if we should auto-checkpoint. */
@@ -1175,11 +1169,8 @@
 		|| (pack_size + 60 + len) < pack_size)
 		cycle_packfile();
 
-	offset = pack_size;
-
-	/* preserve the pack_file SHA1 ctx in case we have to truncate later */
-	sha1flush(pack_file);
-	pack_file_ctx = pack_file->ctx;
+	sha1file_checkpoint(pack_file, &checkpoint);
+	offset = checkpoint.offset;
 
 	hdrlen = snprintf((char *)out_buf, out_sz, "blob %" PRIuMAX, len) + 1;
 	if (out_sz <= hdrlen)
@@ -1245,14 +1236,14 @@
 
 	if (e->idx.offset) {
 		duplicate_count_by_type[OBJ_BLOB]++;
-		truncate_pack(offset, &pack_file_ctx);
+		truncate_pack(&checkpoint);
 
 	} else if (find_sha1_pack(sha1, packed_git)) {
 		e->type = OBJ_BLOB;
 		e->pack_id = MAX_PACK_ID;
 		e->idx.offset = 1; /* just not zero! */
 		duplicate_count_by_type[OBJ_BLOB]++;
-		truncate_pack(offset, &pack_file_ctx);
+		truncate_pack(&checkpoint);
 
 	} else {
 		e->depth = 0;
@@ -1650,6 +1641,8 @@
 		n = slash1 - p;
 	else
 		n = strlen(p);
+	if (!n)
+		die("Empty path component found in input");
 
 	if (!root->tree)
 		load_tree(root);
@@ -1698,7 +1691,7 @@
 			return error("Branch %s is missing commits.", b->name);
 		}
 
-		if (!in_merge_bases(old_cmit, &new_cmit, 1)) {
+		if (!in_merge_bases(old_cmit, new_cmit)) {
 			unlock_ref(lock);
 			warning("Not updating %s"
 				" (new tip %s does not contain %s)",
@@ -2173,6 +2166,11 @@
 
 		if (tmp_hex_sha1_len == 40 && !get_sha1_hex(hex_sha1, sha1)) {
 			/* This is a note entry */
+			if (fanout == 0xff) {
+				/* Counting mode, no rename */
+				num_notes++;
+				continue;
+			}
 			construct_path_with_fanout(hex_sha1, fanout, realpath);
 			if (!strcmp(fullpath, realpath)) {
 				/* Note entry is in correct location */
@@ -2209,6 +2207,59 @@
 	return do_change_note_fanout(root, root, hex_sha1, 0, path, 0, fanout);
 }
 
+/*
+ * Given a pointer into a string, parse a mark reference:
+ *
+ *   idnum ::= ':' bigint;
+ *
+ * Return the first character after the value in *endptr.
+ *
+ * Complain if the following character is not what is expected,
+ * either a space or end of the string.
+ */
+static uintmax_t parse_mark_ref(const char *p, char **endptr)
+{
+	uintmax_t mark;
+
+	assert(*p == ':');
+	p++;
+	mark = strtoumax(p, endptr, 10);
+	if (*endptr == p)
+		die("No value after ':' in mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	return mark;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the mark reference, and complain if this is not the end of
+ * the string.
+ */
+static uintmax_t parse_mark_ref_eol(const char *p)
+{
+	char *end;
+	uintmax_t mark;
+
+	mark = parse_mark_ref(p, &end);
+	if (*end != '\0')
+		die("Garbage after mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	return mark;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse the mark reference, demanding a trailing space.  Return a
+ * pointer to the space.
+ */
+static uintmax_t parse_mark_ref_space(const char **p)
+{
+	uintmax_t mark;
+	char *end;
+
+	mark = parse_mark_ref(*p, &end);
+	if (*end != ' ')
+		die("Missing space after mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	*p = end;
+	return mark;
+}
+
 static void file_change_m(struct branch *b)
 {
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
@@ -2237,21 +2288,21 @@
 	}
 
 	if (*p == ':') {
-		char *x;
-		oe = find_mark(strtoumax(p + 1, &x, 10));
+		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(&p));
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
-		p = x;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline")) {
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline ")) {
 		inline_data = 1;
-		p += 6;
+		p += strlen("inline");  /* advance to space */
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
-			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		oe = find_object(sha1);
 		p += 40;
+		if (*p != ' ')
+			die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
-	if (*p++ != ' ')
-		die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	assert(*p == ' ');
+	p++;  /* skip space */
 
 	strbuf_reset(&uq);
 	if (!unquote_c_style(&uq, p, &endp)) {
@@ -2379,7 +2430,7 @@
 		leaf.tree);
 }
 
-static void note_change_n(struct branch *b, unsigned char old_fanout)
+static void note_change_n(struct branch *b, unsigned char *old_fanout)
 {
 	const char *p = command_buf.buf + 2;
 	static struct strbuf uq = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -2390,23 +2441,40 @@
 	uint16_t inline_data = 0;
 	unsigned char new_fanout;
 
+	/*
+	 * When loading a branch, we don't traverse its tree to count the real
+	 * number of notes (too expensive to do this for all non-note refs).
+	 * This means that recently loaded notes refs might incorrectly have
+	 * b->num_notes == 0, and consequently, old_fanout might be wrong.
+	 *
+	 * Fix this by traversing the tree and counting the number of notes
+	 * when b->num_notes == 0. If the notes tree is truly empty, the
+	 * calculation should not take long.
+	 */
+	if (b->num_notes == 0 && *old_fanout == 0) {
+		/* Invoke change_note_fanout() in "counting mode". */
+		b->num_notes = change_note_fanout(&b->branch_tree, 0xff);
+		*old_fanout = convert_num_notes_to_fanout(b->num_notes);
+	}
+
+	/* Now parse the notemodify command. */
 	/* <dataref> or 'inline' */
 	if (*p == ':') {
-		char *x;
-		oe = find_mark(strtoumax(p + 1, &x, 10));
+		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(&p));
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
-		p = x;
-	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline")) {
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(p, "inline ")) {
 		inline_data = 1;
-		p += 6;
+		p += strlen("inline");  /* advance to space */
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
-			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		oe = find_object(sha1);
 		p += 40;
+		if (*p != ' ')
+			die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 	}
-	if (*p++ != ' ')
-		die("Missing space after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+	assert(*p == ' ');
+	p++;  /* skip space */
 
 	/* <committish> */
 	s = lookup_branch(p);
@@ -2415,7 +2483,7 @@
 			die("Can't add a note on empty branch.");
 		hashcpy(commit_sha1, s->sha1);
 	} else if (*p == ':') {
-		uintmax_t commit_mark = strtoumax(p + 1, NULL, 10);
+		uintmax_t commit_mark = parse_mark_ref_eol(p);
 		struct object_entry *commit_oe = find_mark(commit_mark);
 		if (commit_oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", commit_mark);
@@ -2450,7 +2518,7 @@
 			    typename(type), command_buf.buf);
 	}
 
-	construct_path_with_fanout(sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1), old_fanout, path);
+	construct_path_with_fanout(sha1_to_hex(commit_sha1), *old_fanout, path);
 	if (tree_content_remove(&b->branch_tree, path, NULL))
 		b->num_notes--;
 
@@ -2522,7 +2590,7 @@
 		hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[0].sha1, t);
 		hashcpy(b->branch_tree.versions[1].sha1, t);
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
-		uintmax_t idnum = strtoumax(from + 1, NULL, 10);
+		uintmax_t idnum = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 		struct object_entry *oe = find_mark(idnum);
 		if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 			die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", idnum);
@@ -2557,7 +2625,7 @@
 		if (s)
 			hashcpy(n->sha1, s->sha1);
 		else if (*from == ':') {
-			uintmax_t idnum = strtoumax(from + 1, NULL, 10);
+			uintmax_t idnum = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 			struct object_entry *oe = find_mark(idnum);
 			if (oe->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
 				die("Mark :%" PRIuMAX " not a commit", idnum);
@@ -2637,7 +2705,7 @@
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "C "))
 			file_change_cr(b, 0);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "N "))
-			note_change_n(b, prev_fanout);
+			note_change_n(b, &prev_fanout);
 		else if (!strcmp("deleteall", command_buf.buf))
 			file_change_deleteall(b);
 		else if (!prefixcmp(command_buf.buf, "ls "))
@@ -2699,7 +2767,7 @@
 	/* Obtain the new tag name from the rest of our command */
 	sp = strchr(command_buf.buf, ' ') + 1;
 	t = pool_alloc(sizeof(struct tag));
-	t->next_tag = NULL;
+	memset(t, 0, sizeof(struct tag));
 	t->name = pool_strdup(sp);
 	if (last_tag)
 		last_tag->next_tag = t;
@@ -2720,7 +2788,7 @@
 		type = OBJ_COMMIT;
 	} else if (*from == ':') {
 		struct object_entry *oe;
-		from_mark = strtoumax(from + 1, NULL, 10);
+		from_mark = parse_mark_ref_eol(from);
 		oe = find_mark(from_mark);
 		type = oe->type;
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
@@ -2852,18 +2920,13 @@
 	/* cat-blob SP <object> LF */
 	p = command_buf.buf + strlen("cat-blob ");
 	if (*p == ':') {
-		char *x;
-		oe = find_mark(strtoumax(p + 1, &x, 10));
-		if (x == p + 1)
-			die("Invalid mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		oe = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_eol(p));
 		if (!oe)
 			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		if (*x)
-			die("Garbage after mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		hashcpy(sha1, oe->idx.sha1);
 	} else {
 		if (get_sha1_hex(p, sha1))
-			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		if (p[40])
 			die("Garbage after SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		oe = find_object(sha1);
@@ -2929,17 +2992,13 @@
 	struct object_entry *e;
 
 	if (**p == ':') {	/* <mark> */
-		char *endptr;
-		e = find_mark(strtoumax(*p + 1, &endptr, 10));
-		if (endptr == *p + 1)
-			die("Invalid mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
+		e = find_mark(parse_mark_ref_space(p));
 		if (!e)
 			die("Unknown mark: %s", command_buf.buf);
-		*p = endptr;
 		hashcpy(sha1, e->idx.sha1);
 	} else {	/* <sha1> */
 		if (get_sha1_hex(*p, sha1))
-			die("Invalid SHA1: %s", command_buf.buf);
+			die("Invalid dataref: %s", command_buf.buf);
 		e = find_object(sha1);
 		*p += 40;
 	}
@@ -3015,6 +3074,8 @@
 		store_tree(&leaf);
 
 	print_ls(leaf.versions[1].mode, leaf.versions[1].sha1, p);
+	if (leaf.tree)
+		release_tree_content_recursive(leaf.tree);
 	if (!b || root != &b->branch_tree)
 		release_tree_entry(root);
 }
@@ -3292,6 +3353,8 @@
 
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	if (argc == 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-h"))
 		usage(fast_import_usage);
 
diff --git a/fetch-pack.c b/fetch-pack.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6d8926a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fetch-pack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,953 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "pack.h"
+#include "sideband.h"
+#include "fetch-pack.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "version.h"
+
+static int transfer_unpack_limit = -1;
+static int fetch_unpack_limit = -1;
+static int unpack_limit = 100;
+static int prefer_ofs_delta = 1;
+static int no_done;
+static int fetch_fsck_objects = -1;
+static int transfer_fsck_objects = -1;
+static int agent_supported;
+
+#define COMPLETE	(1U << 0)
+#define COMMON		(1U << 1)
+#define COMMON_REF	(1U << 2)
+#define SEEN		(1U << 3)
+#define POPPED		(1U << 4)
+
+static int marked;
+
+/*
+ * After sending this many "have"s if we do not get any new ACK , we
+ * give up traversing our history.
+ */
+#define MAX_IN_VAIN 256
+
+static struct commit_list *rev_list;
+static int non_common_revs, multi_ack, use_sideband;
+
+static void rev_list_push(struct commit *commit, int mark)
+{
+	if (!(commit->object.flags & mark)) {
+		commit->object.flags |= mark;
+
+		if (!(commit->object.parsed))
+			if (parse_commit(commit))
+				return;
+
+		commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &rev_list);
+
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
+			non_common_revs++;
+	}
+}
+
+static int rev_list_insert_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), refname, 0);
+
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, SEEN);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int clear_marks(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = deref_tag(parse_object(sha1), refname, 0);
+
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		clear_commit_marks((struct commit *)o,
+				   COMMON | COMMON_REF | SEEN | POPPED);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+   This function marks a rev and its ancestors as common.
+   In some cases, it is desirable to mark only the ancestors (for example
+   when only the server does not yet know that they are common).
+*/
+
+static void mark_common(struct commit *commit,
+		int ancestors_only, int dont_parse)
+{
+	if (commit != NULL && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
+		struct object *o = (struct object *)commit;
+
+		if (!ancestors_only)
+			o->flags |= COMMON;
+
+		if (!(o->flags & SEEN))
+			rev_list_push(commit, SEEN);
+		else {
+			struct commit_list *parents;
+
+			if (!ancestors_only && !(o->flags & POPPED))
+				non_common_revs--;
+			if (!o->parsed && !dont_parse)
+				if (parse_commit(commit))
+					return;
+
+			for (parents = commit->parents;
+					parents;
+					parents = parents->next)
+				mark_common(parents->item, 0, dont_parse);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+  Get the next rev to send, ignoring the common.
+*/
+
+static const unsigned char *get_rev(void)
+{
+	struct commit *commit = NULL;
+
+	while (commit == NULL) {
+		unsigned int mark;
+		struct commit_list *parents;
+
+		if (rev_list == NULL || non_common_revs == 0)
+			return NULL;
+
+		commit = rev_list->item;
+		if (!commit->object.parsed)
+			parse_commit(commit);
+		parents = commit->parents;
+
+		commit->object.flags |= POPPED;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMMON))
+			non_common_revs--;
+
+		if (commit->object.flags & COMMON) {
+			/* do not send "have", and ignore ancestors */
+			commit = NULL;
+			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
+		} else if (commit->object.flags & COMMON_REF)
+			/* send "have", and ignore ancestors */
+			mark = COMMON | SEEN;
+		else
+			/* send "have", also for its ancestors */
+			mark = SEEN;
+
+		while (parents) {
+			if (!(parents->item->object.flags & SEEN))
+				rev_list_push(parents->item, mark);
+			if (mark & COMMON)
+				mark_common(parents->item, 1, 0);
+			parents = parents->next;
+		}
+
+		rev_list = rev_list->next;
+	}
+
+	return commit->object.sha1;
+}
+
+enum ack_type {
+	NAK = 0,
+	ACK,
+	ACK_continue,
+	ACK_common,
+	ACK_ready
+};
+
+static void consume_shallow_list(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int fd)
+{
+	if (args->stateless_rpc && args->depth > 0) {
+		/* If we sent a depth we will get back "duplicate"
+		 * shallow and unshallow commands every time there
+		 * is a block of have lines exchanged.
+		 */
+		char line[1000];
+		while (packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line))) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow "))
+				continue;
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow "))
+				continue;
+			die("git fetch-pack: expected shallow list");
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+struct write_shallow_data {
+	struct strbuf *out;
+	int use_pack_protocol;
+	int count;
+};
+
+static int write_one_shallow(const struct commit_graft *graft, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct write_shallow_data *data = cb_data;
+	const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(graft->sha1);
+	data->count++;
+	if (data->use_pack_protocol)
+		packet_buf_write(data->out, "shallow %s", hex);
+	else {
+		strbuf_addstr(data->out, hex);
+		strbuf_addch(data->out, '\n');
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int write_shallow_commits(struct strbuf *out, int use_pack_protocol)
+{
+	struct write_shallow_data data;
+	data.out = out;
+	data.use_pack_protocol = use_pack_protocol;
+	data.count = 0;
+	for_each_commit_graft(write_one_shallow, &data);
+	return data.count;
+}
+
+static enum ack_type get_ack(int fd, unsigned char *result_sha1)
+{
+	static char line[1000];
+	int len = packet_read_line(fd, line, sizeof(line));
+
+	if (!len)
+		die("git fetch-pack: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF");
+	if (line[len-1] == '\n')
+		line[--len] = 0;
+	if (!strcmp(line, "NAK"))
+		return NAK;
+	if (!prefixcmp(line, "ACK ")) {
+		if (!get_sha1_hex(line+4, result_sha1)) {
+			if (strstr(line+45, "continue"))
+				return ACK_continue;
+			if (strstr(line+45, "common"))
+				return ACK_common;
+			if (strstr(line+45, "ready"))
+				return ACK_ready;
+			return ACK;
+		}
+	}
+	die("git fetch_pack: expected ACK/NAK, got '%s'", line);
+}
+
+static void send_request(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+			 int fd, struct strbuf *buf)
+{
+	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
+		send_sideband(fd, -1, buf->buf, buf->len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		packet_flush(fd);
+	} else
+		safe_write(fd, buf->buf, buf->len);
+}
+
+static void insert_one_alternate_ref(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
+{
+	rev_list_insert_ref(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+#define INITIAL_FLUSH 16
+#define PIPESAFE_FLUSH 32
+#define LARGE_FLUSH 1024
+
+static int next_flush(struct fetch_pack_args *args, int count)
+{
+	int flush_limit = args->stateless_rpc ? LARGE_FLUSH : PIPESAFE_FLUSH;
+
+	if (count < flush_limit)
+		count <<= 1;
+	else
+		count += flush_limit;
+	return count;
+}
+
+static int find_common(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+		       int fd[2], unsigned char *result_sha1,
+		       struct ref *refs)
+{
+	int fetching;
+	int count = 0, flushes = 0, flush_at = INITIAL_FLUSH, retval;
+	const unsigned char *sha1;
+	unsigned in_vain = 0;
+	int got_continue = 0;
+	int got_ready = 0;
+	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	size_t state_len = 0;
+
+	if (args->stateless_rpc && multi_ack == 1)
+		die("--stateless-rpc requires multi_ack_detailed");
+	if (marked)
+		for_each_ref(clear_marks, NULL);
+	marked = 1;
+
+	for_each_ref(rev_list_insert_ref, NULL);
+	for_each_alternate_ref(insert_one_alternate_ref, NULL);
+
+	fetching = 0;
+	for ( ; refs ; refs = refs->next) {
+		unsigned char *remote = refs->old_sha1;
+		const char *remote_hex;
+		struct object *o;
+
+		/*
+		 * If that object is complete (i.e. it is an ancestor of a
+		 * local ref), we tell them we have it but do not have to
+		 * tell them about its ancestors, which they already know
+		 * about.
+		 *
+		 * We use lookup_object here because we are only
+		 * interested in the case we *know* the object is
+		 * reachable and we have already scanned it.
+		 */
+		if (((o = lookup_object(remote)) != NULL) &&
+				(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		remote_hex = sha1_to_hex(remote);
+		if (!fetching) {
+			struct strbuf c = STRBUF_INIT;
+			if (multi_ack == 2)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack_detailed");
+			if (multi_ack == 1)     strbuf_addstr(&c, " multi_ack");
+			if (no_done)            strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-done");
+			if (use_sideband == 2)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band-64k");
+			if (use_sideband == 1)  strbuf_addstr(&c, " side-band");
+			if (args->use_thin_pack) strbuf_addstr(&c, " thin-pack");
+			if (args->no_progress)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " no-progress");
+			if (args->include_tag)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " include-tag");
+			if (prefer_ofs_delta)   strbuf_addstr(&c, " ofs-delta");
+			if (agent_supported)    strbuf_addf(&c, " agent=%s",
+							    git_user_agent_sanitized());
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s%s\n", remote_hex, c.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&c);
+		} else
+			packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "want %s\n", remote_hex);
+		fetching++;
+	}
+
+	if (!fetching) {
+		strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (is_repository_shallow())
+		write_shallow_commits(&req_buf, 1);
+	if (args->depth > 0)
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "deepen %d", args->depth);
+	packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+	state_len = req_buf.len;
+
+	if (args->depth > 0) {
+		char line[1024];
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
+		while (packet_read_line(fd[0], line, sizeof(line))) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "shallow ")) {
+				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 8, sha1))
+					die("invalid shallow line: %s", line);
+				register_shallow(sha1);
+				continue;
+			}
+			if (!prefixcmp(line, "unshallow ")) {
+				if (get_sha1_hex(line + 10, sha1))
+					die("invalid unshallow line: %s", line);
+				if (!lookup_object(sha1))
+					die("object not found: %s", line);
+				/* make sure that it is parsed as shallow */
+				if (!parse_object(sha1))
+					die("error in object: %s", line);
+				if (unregister_shallow(sha1))
+					die("no shallow found: %s", line);
+				continue;
+			}
+			die("expected shallow/unshallow, got %s", line);
+		}
+	} else if (!args->stateless_rpc)
+		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
+
+	if (!args->stateless_rpc) {
+		/* If we aren't using the stateless-rpc interface
+		 * we don't need to retain the headers.
+		 */
+		strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, 0);
+		state_len = 0;
+	}
+
+	flushes = 0;
+	retval = -1;
+	while ((sha1 = get_rev())) {
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "have %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		in_vain++;
+		if (flush_at <= ++count) {
+			int ack;
+
+			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+			send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
+			strbuf_setlen(&req_buf, state_len);
+			flushes++;
+			flush_at = next_flush(args, count);
+
+			/*
+			 * We keep one window "ahead" of the other side, and
+			 * will wait for an ACK only on the next one
+			 */
+			if (!args->stateless_rpc && count == INITIAL_FLUSH)
+				continue;
+
+			consume_shallow_list(args, fd[0]);
+			do {
+				ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
+				if (args->verbose && ack)
+					fprintf(stderr, "got ack %d %s\n", ack,
+							sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+				switch (ack) {
+				case ACK:
+					flushes = 0;
+					multi_ack = 0;
+					retval = 0;
+					goto done;
+				case ACK_common:
+				case ACK_ready:
+				case ACK_continue: {
+					struct commit *commit =
+						lookup_commit(result_sha1);
+					if (!commit)
+						die("invalid commit %s", sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+					if (args->stateless_rpc
+					 && ack == ACK_common
+					 && !(commit->object.flags & COMMON)) {
+						/* We need to replay the have for this object
+						 * on the next RPC request so the peer knows
+						 * it is in common with us.
+						 */
+						const char *hex = sha1_to_hex(result_sha1);
+						packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "have %s\n", hex);
+						state_len = req_buf.len;
+					}
+					mark_common(commit, 0, 1);
+					retval = 0;
+					in_vain = 0;
+					got_continue = 1;
+					if (ack == ACK_ready) {
+						rev_list = NULL;
+						got_ready = 1;
+					}
+					break;
+					}
+				}
+			} while (ack);
+			flushes--;
+			if (got_continue && MAX_IN_VAIN < in_vain) {
+				if (args->verbose)
+					fprintf(stderr, "giving up\n");
+				break; /* give up */
+			}
+		}
+	}
+done:
+	if (!got_ready || !no_done) {
+		packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "done\n");
+		send_request(args, fd[1], &req_buf);
+	}
+	if (args->verbose)
+		fprintf(stderr, "done\n");
+	if (retval != 0) {
+		multi_ack = 0;
+		flushes++;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+
+	consume_shallow_list(args, fd[0]);
+	while (flushes || multi_ack) {
+		int ack = get_ack(fd[0], result_sha1);
+		if (ack) {
+			if (args->verbose)
+				fprintf(stderr, "got ack (%d) %s\n", ack,
+					sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+			if (ack == ACK)
+				return 0;
+			multi_ack = 1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		flushes--;
+	}
+	/* it is no error to fetch into a completely empty repo */
+	return count ? retval : 0;
+}
+
+static struct commit_list *complete;
+
+static int mark_complete(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+
+	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		struct tag *t = (struct tag *) o;
+		if (!t->tagged)
+			break; /* broken repository */
+		o->flags |= COMPLETE;
+		o = parse_object(t->tagged->sha1);
+	}
+	if (o && o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+		struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
+		if (!(commit->object.flags & COMPLETE)) {
+			commit->object.flags |= COMPLETE;
+			commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &complete);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void mark_recent_complete_commits(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+					 unsigned long cutoff)
+{
+	while (complete && cutoff <= complete->item->date) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Marking %s as complete\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(complete->item->object.sha1));
+		pop_most_recent_commit(&complete, COMPLETE);
+	}
+}
+
+static int non_matching_ref(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
+{
+	if (item->util) {
+		item->util = NULL;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
+static void filter_refs(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+			struct ref **refs, struct string_list *sought)
+{
+	struct ref *newlist = NULL;
+	struct ref **newtail = &newlist;
+	struct ref *ref, *next;
+	int sought_pos;
+
+	sought_pos = 0;
+	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = next) {
+		int keep = 0;
+		next = ref->next;
+		if (!memcmp(ref->name, "refs/", 5) &&
+		    check_refname_format(ref->name + 5, 0))
+			; /* trash */
+		else {
+			while (sought_pos < sought->nr) {
+				int cmp = strcmp(ref->name, sought->items[sought_pos].string);
+				if (cmp < 0)
+					break; /* definitely do not have it */
+				else if (cmp == 0) {
+					keep = 1; /* definitely have it */
+					sought->items[sought_pos++].util = "matched";
+					break;
+				}
+				else
+					sought_pos++; /* might have it; keep looking */
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (! keep && args->fetch_all &&
+		    (!args->depth || prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/")))
+			keep = 1;
+
+		if (keep) {
+			*newtail = ref;
+			ref->next = NULL;
+			newtail = &ref->next;
+		} else {
+			free(ref);
+		}
+	}
+
+	filter_string_list(sought, 0, non_matching_ref, NULL);
+	*refs = newlist;
+}
+
+static void mark_alternate_complete(const struct ref *ref, void *unused)
+{
+	mark_complete(NULL, ref->old_sha1, 0, NULL);
+}
+
+static int everything_local(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+			    struct ref **refs, struct string_list *sought)
+{
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int retval;
+	unsigned long cutoff = 0;
+
+	save_commit_buffer = 0;
+
+	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct object *o;
+
+		if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+			continue;
+
+		o = parse_object(ref->old_sha1);
+		if (!o)
+			continue;
+
+		/* We already have it -- which may mean that we were
+		 * in sync with the other side at some time after
+		 * that (it is OK if we guess wrong here).
+		 */
+		if (o->type == OBJ_COMMIT) {
+			struct commit *commit = (struct commit *)o;
+			if (!cutoff || cutoff < commit->date)
+				cutoff = commit->date;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!args->depth) {
+		for_each_ref(mark_complete, NULL);
+		for_each_alternate_ref(mark_alternate_complete, NULL);
+		if (cutoff)
+			mark_recent_complete_commits(args, cutoff);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Mark all complete remote refs as common refs.
+	 * Don't mark them common yet; the server has to be told so first.
+	 */
+	for (ref = *refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		struct object *o = deref_tag(lookup_object(ref->old_sha1),
+					     NULL, 0);
+
+		if (!o || o->type != OBJ_COMMIT || !(o->flags & COMPLETE))
+			continue;
+
+		if (!(o->flags & SEEN)) {
+			rev_list_push((struct commit *)o, COMMON_REF | SEEN);
+
+			mark_common((struct commit *)o, 1, 1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	filter_refs(args, refs, sought);
+
+	for (retval = 1, ref = *refs; ref ; ref = ref->next) {
+		const unsigned char *remote = ref->old_sha1;
+		unsigned char local[20];
+		struct object *o;
+
+		o = lookup_object(remote);
+		if (!o || !(o->flags & COMPLETE)) {
+			retval = 0;
+			if (!args->verbose)
+				continue;
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"want %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
+				ref->name);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, local);
+		if (!args->verbose)
+			continue;
+		fprintf(stderr,
+			"already have %s (%s)\n", sha1_to_hex(remote),
+			ref->name);
+	}
+	return retval;
+}
+
+static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
+{
+	int *xd = data;
+
+	int ret = recv_sideband("fetch-pack", xd[0], out);
+	close(out);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int get_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+		    int xd[2], char **pack_lockfile)
+{
+	struct async demux;
+	const char *argv[20];
+	char keep_arg[256];
+	char hdr_arg[256];
+	const char **av;
+	int do_keep = args->keep_pack;
+	struct child_process cmd;
+
+	memset(&demux, 0, sizeof(demux));
+	if (use_sideband) {
+		/* xd[] is talking with upload-pack; subprocess reads from
+		 * xd[0], spits out band#2 to stderr, and feeds us band#1
+		 * through demux->out.
+		 */
+		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
+		demux.data = xd;
+		demux.out = -1;
+		if (start_async(&demux))
+			die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off sideband"
+			    " demultiplexer");
+	}
+	else
+		demux.out = xd[0];
+
+	memset(&cmd, 0, sizeof(cmd));
+	cmd.argv = argv;
+	av = argv;
+	*hdr_arg = 0;
+	if (!args->keep_pack && unpack_limit) {
+		struct pack_header header;
+
+		if (read_pack_header(demux.out, &header))
+			die("protocol error: bad pack header");
+		snprintf(hdr_arg, sizeof(hdr_arg),
+			 "--pack_header=%"PRIu32",%"PRIu32,
+			 ntohl(header.hdr_version), ntohl(header.hdr_entries));
+		if (ntohl(header.hdr_entries) < unpack_limit)
+			do_keep = 0;
+		else
+			do_keep = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (do_keep) {
+		if (pack_lockfile)
+			cmd.out = -1;
+		*av++ = "index-pack";
+		*av++ = "--stdin";
+		if (!args->quiet && !args->no_progress)
+			*av++ = "-v";
+		if (args->use_thin_pack)
+			*av++ = "--fix-thin";
+		if (args->lock_pack || unpack_limit) {
+			int s = sprintf(keep_arg,
+					"--keep=fetch-pack %"PRIuMAX " on ", (uintmax_t) getpid());
+			if (gethostname(keep_arg + s, sizeof(keep_arg) - s))
+				strcpy(keep_arg + s, "localhost");
+			*av++ = keep_arg;
+		}
+	}
+	else {
+		*av++ = "unpack-objects";
+		if (args->quiet || args->no_progress)
+			*av++ = "-q";
+	}
+	if (*hdr_arg)
+		*av++ = hdr_arg;
+	if (fetch_fsck_objects >= 0
+	    ? fetch_fsck_objects
+	    : transfer_fsck_objects >= 0
+	    ? transfer_fsck_objects
+	    : 0)
+		*av++ = "--strict";
+	*av++ = NULL;
+
+	cmd.in = demux.out;
+	cmd.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&cmd))
+		die("fetch-pack: unable to fork off %s", argv[0]);
+	if (do_keep && pack_lockfile) {
+		*pack_lockfile = index_pack_lockfile(cmd.out);
+		close(cmd.out);
+	}
+
+	if (finish_command(&cmd))
+		die("%s failed", argv[0]);
+	if (use_sideband && finish_async(&demux))
+		die("error in sideband demultiplexer");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct ref *do_fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+				 int fd[2],
+				 const struct ref *orig_ref,
+				 struct string_list *sought,
+				 char **pack_lockfile)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = copy_ref_list(orig_ref);
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	const char *agent_feature;
+	int agent_len;
+
+	sort_ref_list(&ref, ref_compare_name);
+
+	if (is_repository_shallow() && !server_supports("shallow"))
+		die("Server does not support shallow clients");
+	if (server_supports("multi_ack_detailed")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack_detailed\n");
+		multi_ack = 2;
+		if (server_supports("no-done")) {
+			if (args->verbose)
+				fprintf(stderr, "Server supports no-done\n");
+			if (args->stateless_rpc)
+				no_done = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	else if (server_supports("multi_ack")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports multi_ack\n");
+		multi_ack = 1;
+	}
+	if (server_supports("side-band-64k")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band-64k\n");
+		use_sideband = 2;
+	}
+	else if (server_supports("side-band")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports side-band\n");
+		use_sideband = 1;
+	}
+	if (!server_supports("thin-pack"))
+		args->use_thin_pack = 0;
+	if (!server_supports("no-progress"))
+		args->no_progress = 0;
+	if (!server_supports("include-tag"))
+		args->include_tag = 0;
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta")) {
+		if (args->verbose)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server supports ofs-delta\n");
+	} else
+		prefer_ofs_delta = 0;
+
+	if ((agent_feature = server_feature_value("agent", &agent_len))) {
+		agent_supported = 1;
+		if (args->verbose && agent_len)
+			fprintf(stderr, "Server version is %.*s\n",
+				agent_len, agent_feature);
+	}
+
+	if (everything_local(args, &ref, sought)) {
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+		goto all_done;
+	}
+	if (find_common(args, fd, sha1, ref) < 0)
+		if (!args->keep_pack)
+			/* When cloning, it is not unusual to have
+			 * no common commit.
+			 */
+			warning("no common commits");
+
+	if (args->stateless_rpc)
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+	if (get_pack(args, fd, pack_lockfile))
+		die("git fetch-pack: fetch failed.");
+
+ all_done:
+	return ref;
+}
+
+static int fetch_pack_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	if (strcmp(var, "fetch.unpacklimit") == 0) {
+		fetch_unpack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "transfer.unpacklimit") == 0) {
+		transfer_unpack_limit = git_config_int(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (strcmp(var, "repack.usedeltabaseoffset") == 0) {
+		prefer_ofs_delta = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "fetch.fsckobjects")) {
+		fetch_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "transfer.fsckobjects")) {
+		transfer_fsck_objects = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return git_default_config(var, value, cb);
+}
+
+static void fetch_pack_setup(void)
+{
+	static int did_setup;
+	if (did_setup)
+		return;
+	git_config(fetch_pack_config, NULL);
+	if (0 <= transfer_unpack_limit)
+		unpack_limit = transfer_unpack_limit;
+	else if (0 <= fetch_unpack_limit)
+		unpack_limit = fetch_unpack_limit;
+	did_setup = 1;
+}
+
+struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
+		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+		       const struct ref *ref,
+		       const char *dest,
+		       struct string_list *sought,
+		       char **pack_lockfile)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	struct ref *ref_cpy;
+
+	fetch_pack_setup();
+	if (args->depth > 0) {
+		if (stat(git_path("shallow"), &st))
+			st.st_mtime = 0;
+	}
+
+	if (sought->nr) {
+		sort_string_list(sought);
+		string_list_remove_duplicates(sought, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (!ref) {
+		packet_flush(fd[1]);
+		die("no matching remote head");
+	}
+	ref_cpy = do_fetch_pack(args, fd, ref, sought, pack_lockfile);
+
+	if (args->depth > 0) {
+		static struct lock_file lock;
+		struct cache_time mtime;
+		struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+		char *shallow = git_path("shallow");
+		int fd;
+
+		mtime.sec = st.st_mtime;
+		mtime.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
+		if (stat(shallow, &st)) {
+			if (mtime.sec)
+				die("shallow file was removed during fetch");
+		} else if (st.st_mtime != mtime.sec
+#ifdef USE_NSEC
+				|| ST_MTIME_NSEC(st) != mtime.nsec
+#endif
+			  )
+			die("shallow file was changed during fetch");
+
+		fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&lock, shallow,
+					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+		if (!write_shallow_commits(&sb, 0)
+		 || write_in_full(fd, sb.buf, sb.len) != sb.len) {
+			unlink_or_warn(shallow);
+			rollback_lock_file(&lock);
+		} else {
+			commit_lock_file(&lock);
+		}
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+	}
+
+	reprepare_packed_git();
+	return ref_cpy;
+}
diff --git a/fetch-pack.h b/fetch-pack.h
index 0608eda..cb14871 100644
--- a/fetch-pack.h
+++ b/fetch-pack.h
@@ -1,6 +1,8 @@
 #ifndef FETCH_PACK_H
 #define FETCH_PACK_H
 
+#include "string-list.h"
+
 struct fetch_pack_args {
 	const char *uploadpack;
 	int unpacklimit;
@@ -10,18 +12,25 @@
 		lock_pack:1,
 		use_thin_pack:1,
 		fetch_all:1,
+		stdin_refs:1,
 		verbose:1,
 		no_progress:1,
 		include_tag:1,
 		stateless_rpc:1;
 };
 
+/*
+ * sought contains the full names of remote references that should be
+ * updated from.  On return, the names that were found on the remote
+ * will have been removed from the list.  The util members of the
+ * string_list_items are used internally; they must be NULL on entry
+ * (and will be NULL on exit).
+ */
 struct ref *fetch_pack(struct fetch_pack_args *args,
-		int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
-		const struct ref *ref,
-		const char *dest,
-		int nr_heads,
-		char **heads,
-		char **pack_lockfile);
+		       int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+		       const struct ref *ref,
+		       const char *dest,
+		       struct string_list *sought,
+		       char **pack_lockfile);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/fmt-merge-msg.h b/fmt-merge-msg.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b28d3a6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/fmt-merge-msg.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef FMT_MERGE_MSG_H
+#define FMT_MERGE_MSG_H
+
+extern int merge_log_config;
+extern int fmt_merge_msg_config(const char *key, const char *value, void *cb);
+
+#endif /* FMT_MERGE_MSG_H */
diff --git a/fsck.c b/fsck.c
index 6c855f8..99c0497 100644
--- a/fsck.c
+++ b/fsck.c
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
 		else if (S_ISREG(entry.mode) || S_ISLNK(entry.mode))
 			result = walk(&lookup_blob(entry.sha1)->object, OBJ_BLOB, data);
 		else {
-			result = error("in tree %s: entry %s has bad mode %.6o\n",
+			result = error("in tree %s: entry %s has bad mode %.6o",
 					sha1_to_hex(tree->object.sha1), entry.path, entry.mode);
 		}
 		if (result < 0)
@@ -139,8 +139,12 @@
 static int fsck_tree(struct tree *item, int strict, fsck_error error_func)
 {
 	int retval;
+	int has_null_sha1 = 0;
 	int has_full_path = 0;
 	int has_empty_name = 0;
+	int has_dot = 0;
+	int has_dotdot = 0;
+	int has_dotgit = 0;
 	int has_zero_pad = 0;
 	int has_bad_modes = 0;
 	int has_dup_entries = 0;
@@ -157,13 +161,22 @@
 	while (desc.size) {
 		unsigned mode;
 		const char *name;
+		const unsigned char *sha1;
 
-		tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
+		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(&desc, &name, &mode);
 
+		if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
+			has_null_sha1 = 1;
 		if (strchr(name, '/'))
 			has_full_path = 1;
 		if (!*name)
 			has_empty_name = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, "."))
+			has_dot = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, ".."))
+			has_dotdot = 1;
+		if (!strcmp(name, ".git"))
+			has_dotgit = 1;
 		has_zero_pad |= *(char *)desc.buffer == '0';
 		update_tree_entry(&desc);
 
@@ -207,10 +220,18 @@
 	}
 
 	retval = 0;
+	if (has_null_sha1)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains entries pointing to null sha1");
 	if (has_full_path)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains full pathnames");
 	if (has_empty_name)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains empty pathname");
+	if (has_dot)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.'");
+	if (has_dotdot)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '..'");
+	if (has_dotgit)
+		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains '.git'");
 	if (has_zero_pad)
 		retval += error_func(&item->object, FSCK_WARN, "contains zero-padded file modes");
 	if (has_bad_modes)
diff --git a/generate-cmdlist.sh b/generate-cmdlist.sh
index 1093ef4..9a4c9b9 100755
--- a/generate-cmdlist.sh
+++ b/generate-cmdlist.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@
      /^NAME/,/git-'"$cmd"'/H
      ${
 	    x
-	    s/.*git-'"$cmd"' - \(.*\)/  {"'"$cmd"'", "\1"},/
+	    s/.*git-'"$cmd"' - \(.*\)/  {"'"$cmd"'", N_("\1")},/
 	    p
      }' "Documentation/git-$cmd.txt"
 done
diff --git a/gettext.c b/gettext.c
index ae5394a..71e9545 100644
--- a/gettext.c
+++ b/gettext.c
@@ -4,7 +4,21 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "gettext.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
 
+#ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+#	include <locale.h>
+#	include <libintl.h>
+#	ifdef HAVE_LIBCHARSET_H
+#		include <libcharset.h>
+#	else
+#		include <langinfo.h>
+#		define locale_charset() nl_langinfo(CODESET)
+#	endif
+#endif
+
+#ifdef GETTEXT_POISON
 int use_gettext_poison(void)
 {
 	static int poison_requested = -1;
@@ -12,3 +26,117 @@
 		poison_requested = getenv("GIT_GETTEXT_POISON") ? 1 : 0;
 	return poison_requested;
 }
+#endif
+
+#ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+static const char *charset;
+static void init_gettext_charset(const char *domain)
+{
+	/*
+	   This trick arranges for messages to be emitted in the user's
+	   requested encoding, but avoids setting LC_CTYPE from the
+	   environment for the whole program.
+
+	   This primarily done to avoid a bug in vsnprintf in the GNU C
+	   Library [1]. which triggered a "your vsnprintf is broken" error
+	   on Git's own repository when inspecting v0.99.6~1 under a UTF-8
+	   locale.
+
+	   That commit contains a ISO-8859-1 encoded author name, which
+	   the locale aware vsnprintf(3) won't interpolate in the format
+	   argument, due to mismatch between the data encoding and the
+	   locale.
+
+	   Even if it wasn't for that bug we wouldn't want to use LC_CTYPE at
+	   this point, because it'd require auditing all the code that uses C
+	   functions whose semantics are modified by LC_CTYPE.
+
+	   But only setting LC_MESSAGES as we do creates a problem, since
+	   we declare the encoding of our PO files[2] the gettext
+	   implementation will try to recode it to the user's locale, but
+	   without LC_CTYPE it'll emit something like this on 'git init'
+	   under the Icelandic locale:
+
+	       Bj? til t?ma Git lind ? /hlagh/.git/
+
+	   Gettext knows about the encoding of our PO file, but we haven't
+	   told it about the user's encoding, so all the non-US-ASCII
+	   characters get encoded to question marks.
+
+	   But we're in luck! We can set LC_CTYPE from the environment
+	   only while we call nl_langinfo and
+	   bind_textdomain_codeset. That suffices to tell gettext what
+	   encoding it should emit in, so it'll now say:
+
+	       Bjó til tóma Git lind í /hlagh/.git/
+
+	   And the equivalent ISO-8859-1 string will be emitted under a
+	   ISO-8859-1 locale.
+
+	   With this change way we get the advantages of setting LC_CTYPE
+	   (talk to the user in his language/encoding), without the major
+	   drawbacks (changed semantics for C functions we rely on).
+
+	   However foreign functions using other message catalogs that
+	   aren't using our neat trick will still have a problem, e.g. if
+	   we have to call perror(3):
+
+	   #include <stdio.h>
+	   #include <locale.h>
+	   #include <errno.h>
+
+	   int main(void)
+	   {
+		   setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+		   setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "C");
+		   errno = ENODEV;
+		   perror("test");
+		   return 0;
+	   }
+
+	   Running that will give you a message with question marks:
+
+	   $ LANGUAGE= LANG=de_DE.utf8 ./test
+	   test: Kein passendes Ger?t gefunden
+
+	   In the long term we should probably see about getting that
+	   vsnprintf bug in glibc fixed, and audit our code so it won't
+	   fall apart under a non-C locale.
+
+	   Then we could simply set LC_CTYPE from the environment, which would
+	   make things like the external perror(3) messages work.
+
+	   See t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh's "gettext.c" tests for
+	   regression tests.
+
+	   1. http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=6530
+	   2. E.g. "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" in po/is.po
+	*/
+	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "");
+	charset = locale_charset();
+	bind_textdomain_codeset(domain, charset);
+	setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "C");
+}
+
+void git_setup_gettext(void)
+{
+	const char *podir = getenv("GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR");
+
+	if (!podir)
+		podir = GIT_LOCALE_PATH;
+	bindtextdomain("git", podir);
+	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES, "");
+	init_gettext_charset("git");
+	textdomain("git");
+}
+
+/* return the number of columns of string 's' in current locale */
+int gettext_width(const char *s)
+{
+	static int is_utf8 = -1;
+	if (is_utf8 == -1)
+		is_utf8 = !strcmp(charset, "UTF-8");
+
+	return is_utf8 ? utf8_strwidth(s) : strlen(s);
+}
+#endif
diff --git a/gettext.h b/gettext.h
index 24d9182..7671d09 100644
--- a/gettext.h
+++ b/gettext.h
@@ -13,8 +13,34 @@
 #error "namespace conflict: '_' or 'Q_' is pre-defined?"
 #endif
 
+#ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+#	include <libintl.h>
+#else
+#	ifdef gettext
+#		undef gettext
+#	endif
+#	define gettext(s) (s)
+#	ifdef ngettext
+#		undef ngettext
+#	endif
+#	define ngettext(s, p, n) ((n == 1) ? (s) : (p))
+#endif
+
 #define FORMAT_PRESERVING(n) __attribute__((format_arg(n)))
 
+#ifndef NO_GETTEXT
+extern void git_setup_gettext(void);
+extern int gettext_width(const char *s);
+#else
+static inline void git_setup_gettext(void)
+{
+}
+static inline int gettext_width(const char *s)
+{
+	return strlen(s);
+}
+#endif
+
 #ifdef GETTEXT_POISON
 extern int use_gettext_poison(void);
 #else
@@ -23,7 +49,9 @@
 
 static inline FORMAT_PRESERVING(1) const char *_(const char *msgid)
 {
-	return use_gettext_poison() ? "# GETTEXT POISON #" : msgid;
+	if (!*msgid)
+		return "";
+	return use_gettext_poison() ? "# GETTEXT POISON #" : gettext(msgid);
 }
 
 static inline FORMAT_PRESERVING(1) FORMAT_PRESERVING(2)
@@ -31,7 +59,7 @@
 {
 	if (use_gettext_poison())
 		return "# GETTEXT POISON #";
-	return n == 1 ? msgid : plu;
+	return ngettext(msgid, plu, n);
 }
 
 /* Mark msgid for translation but do not translate it. */
diff --git a/git-add--interactive.perl b/git-add--interactive.perl
index 8f0839d..710764a 100755
--- a/git-add--interactive.perl
+++ b/git-add--interactive.perl
@@ -268,6 +268,7 @@
 # FILE:		is file different from index?
 # INDEX_ADDDEL:	is it add/delete between HEAD and index?
 # FILE_ADDDEL:	is it add/delete between index and file?
+# UNMERGED:	is the path unmerged
 
 sub list_modified {
 	my ($only) = @_;
@@ -318,16 +319,10 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --), @tracked)) {
+	for (run_cmd_pipe(qw(git diff-files --numstat --summary --raw --), @tracked)) {
 		if (($add, $del, $file) =
 		    /^([-\d]+)	([-\d]+)	(.*)/) {
 			$file = unquote_path($file);
-			if (!exists $data{$file}) {
-				$data{$file} = +{
-					INDEX => 'unchanged',
-					BINARY => 0,
-				};
-			}
 			my ($change, $bin);
 			if ($add eq '-' && $del eq '-') {
 				$change = 'binary';
@@ -346,6 +341,18 @@
 			$file = unquote_path($file);
 			$data{$file}{FILE_ADDDEL} = $adddel;
 		}
+		elsif (/^:[0-7]+ [0-7]+ [0-9a-f]+ [0-9a-f]+ (.)	(.*)$/) {
+			$file = unquote_path($2);
+			if (!exists $data{$file}) {
+				$data{$file} = +{
+					INDEX => 'unchanged',
+					BINARY => 0,
+				};
+			}
+			if ($1 eq 'U') {
+				$data{$file}{UNMERGED} = 1;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 
 	for (sort keys %data) {
@@ -1060,7 +1067,6 @@
 }
 
 sub diff_applies {
-	my $fh;
 	return run_git_apply($patch_mode_flavour{APPLY_CHECK} . ' --check',
 			     map { @{$_->{TEXT}} } @_);
 }
@@ -1190,6 +1196,10 @@
 
 sub patch_update_cmd {
 	my @all_mods = list_modified($patch_mode_flavour{FILTER});
+	error_msg "ignoring unmerged: $_->{VALUE}\n"
+		for grep { $_->{UNMERGED} } @all_mods;
+	@all_mods = grep { !$_->{UNMERGED} } @all_mods;
+
 	my @mods = grep { !($_->{BINARY}) } @all_mods;
 	my @them;
 
@@ -1503,7 +1513,6 @@
 	}
 
 	if (@result) {
-		my $fh;
 		my @patch = reassemble_patch($head->{TEXT}, @result);
 		my $apply_routine = $patch_mode_flavour{APPLY};
 		&$apply_routine(@patch);
diff --git a/git-am.sh b/git-am.sh
index 9042432..b4d95f5 100755
--- a/git-am.sh
+++ b/git-am.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 s,signoff       add a Signed-off-by line to the commit message
 u,utf8          recode into utf8 (default)
 k,keep          pass -k flag to git-mailinfo
+keep-non-patch  pass -b flag to git-mailinfo
 keep-cr         pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit for mbox format
 no-keep-cr      do not pass --keep-cr flag to git-mailsplit independent of am.keepcr
 c,scissors      strip everything before a scissors line
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@
 ignore-whitespace pass it through git-apply
 directory=      pass it through git-apply
 exclude=        pass it through git-apply
+include=        pass it through git-apply
 C=              pass it through git-apply
 p=              pass it through git-apply
 patch-format=   format the patch(es) are in
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@
 	then
 		return 0
 	fi
-		gettextln "You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.
+	gettextln "You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.
 Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD" >&2
 	return 1
 }
@@ -100,9 +102,9 @@
 	    printf '%s\n' "$resolvemsg"
 	    stop_here $1
     fi
-    eval_gettextln "When you have resolved this problem run \"\$cmdline --resolved\".
-If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"\$cmdline --skip\".
-To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
+    eval_gettextln "When you have resolved this problem, run \"\$cmdline --resolved\".
+If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"\$cmdline --skip\" instead.
+To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
 
     stop_here $1
 }
@@ -127,15 +129,24 @@
     mkdir "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-dir"
 
     # First see if the patch records the index info that we can use.
-    git apply --build-fake-ancestor "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-	"$dotest/patch" &&
+    cmd="git apply $git_apply_opt --build-fake-ancestor" &&
+    cmd="$cmd "'"$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" "$dotest/patch"' &&
+    eval "$cmd" &&
     GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
     git write-tree >"$dotest/patch-merge-base+" ||
     cannot_fallback "$(gettext "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge.")"
 
-    say Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...
-    if GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" \
-	git apply --cached <"$dotest/patch"
+    say "$(gettext "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree...")"
+
+    cmd='GIT_INDEX_FILE="$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index"'
+
+    if test -z "$GIT_QUIET"
+    then
+	eval "$cmd git diff-index --cached --diff-filter=AM --name-status HEAD"
+    fi
+
+    cmd="$cmd git apply --cached $git_apply_opt"' <"$dotest/patch"'
+    if eval "$cmd"
     then
 	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-base+" "$dotest/patch-merge-base"
 	mv "$dotest/patch-merge-tmp-index" "$dotest/patch-merge-index"
@@ -165,8 +176,7 @@
     fi
     git-merge-recursive $orig_tree -- HEAD $his_tree || {
 	    git rerere $allow_rerere_autoupdate
-	    echo Failed to merge in the changes.
-	    exit 1
+	    die "$(gettext "Failed to merge in the changes.")"
     }
     unset GITHEAD_$his_tree
 }
@@ -201,7 +211,7 @@
 		l1=
 		while test -z "$l1"
 		do
-			read l1
+			read l1 || break
 		done
 		read l2
 		read l3
@@ -249,7 +259,7 @@
 split_patches () {
 	case "$patch_format" in
 	mbox)
-		if test -n "$rebasing" || test t = "$keepcr"
+		if test t = "$keepcr"
 		then
 		    keep_cr=--keep-cr
 		else
@@ -324,7 +334,7 @@
 			# Since we cannot guarantee that the commit message is in
 			# git-friendly format, we put no Subject: line and just consume
 			# all of the message as the body
-			perl -M'POSIX qw(strftime)' -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
+			LANG=C LC_ALL=C perl -M'POSIX qw(strftime)' -ne 'BEGIN { $subject = 0 }
 				if ($subject) { print ; }
 				elsif (/^\# User /) { s/\# User/From:/ ; print ; }
 				elsif (/^\# Date /) {
@@ -376,7 +386,9 @@
 	-i|--interactive)
 		interactive=t ;;
 	-b|--binary)
-		: ;;
+		gettextln >&2 "The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and
+it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+		;;
 	-3|--3way)
 		threeway=t ;;
 	-s|--signoff)
@@ -387,6 +399,8 @@
 		utf8= ;;
 	-k|--keep)
 		keep=t ;;
+	--keep-non-patch)
+		keep=b ;;
 	-c|--scissors)
 		scissors=t ;;
 	--no-scissors)
@@ -398,13 +412,10 @@
 	--abort)
 		abort=t ;;
 	--rebasing)
-		rebasing=t threeway=t keep=t scissors=f no_inbody_headers=t ;;
-	-d|--dotest)
-		die "$(gettext "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use.")"
-		;;
+		rebasing=t threeway=t ;;
 	--resolvemsg)
 		shift; resolvemsg=$1 ;;
-	--whitespace|--directory|--exclude)
+	--whitespace|--directory|--exclude|--include)
 		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1=$2")"; shift ;;
 	-C|-p)
 		git_apply_opt="$git_apply_opt $(sq "$1$2")"; shift ;;
@@ -530,7 +541,6 @@
 	echo "$sign" >"$dotest/sign"
 	echo "$utf8" >"$dotest/utf8"
 	echo "$keep" >"$dotest/keep"
-	echo "$keepcr" >"$dotest/keepcr"
 	echo "$scissors" >"$dotest/scissors"
 	echo "$no_inbody_headers" >"$dotest/no_inbody_headers"
 	echo "$GIT_QUIET" >"$dotest/quiet"
@@ -566,21 +576,24 @@
 	fi
 esac
 
+# Now, decide what command line options we will give to the git
+# commands we invoke, based on the result of parsing command line
+# options and previous invocation state stored in $dotest/ files.
+
 if test "$(cat "$dotest/utf8")" = t
 then
 	utf8=-u
 else
 	utf8=-n
 fi
-if test "$(cat "$dotest/keep")" = t
-then
-	keep=-k
-fi
-case "$(cat "$dotest/keepcr")" in
+keep=$(cat "$dotest/keep")
+case "$keep" in
 t)
-	keepcr=--keep-cr ;;
-f)
-	keepcr=--no-keep-cr ;;
+	keep=-k ;;
+b)
+	keep=-b ;;
+*)
+	keep= ;;
 esac
 case "$(cat "$dotest/scissors")" in
 t)
@@ -641,32 +654,34 @@
 	# by the user, or the user can tell us to do so by --resolved flag.
 	case "$resume" in
 	'')
-		git mailinfo $keep $no_inbody_headers $scissors $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
-			<"$dotest/$msgnum" >"$dotest/info" ||
-			stop_here $this
-
-		# skip pine's internal folder data
-		sane_grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
-			<"$dotest"/info >/dev/null &&
-			go_next && continue
-
-		test -s "$dotest/patch" || {
-			eval_gettextln "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?
-If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"\$cmdline --skip\".
-To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
-			stop_here $this
-		}
-		rm -f "$dotest/original-commit" "$dotest/author-script"
-		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing" &&
+		if test -f "$dotest/rebasing"
+		then
 			commit=$(sed -e 's/^From \([0-9a-f]*\) .*/\1/' \
 				-e q "$dotest/$msgnum") &&
-			test "$(git cat-file -t "$commit")" = commit
-		then
+			test "$(git cat-file -t "$commit")" = commit ||
+				stop_here $this
 			git cat-file commit "$commit" |
 			sed -e '1,/^$/d' >"$dotest/msg-clean"
-			echo "$commit" > "$dotest/original-commit"
-			get_author_ident_from_commit "$commit" > "$dotest/author-script"
+			echo "$commit" >"$dotest/original-commit"
+			get_author_ident_from_commit "$commit" >"$dotest/author-script"
+			git diff-tree --root --binary "$commit" >"$dotest/patch"
 		else
+			git mailinfo $keep $no_inbody_headers $scissors $utf8 "$dotest/msg" "$dotest/patch" \
+				<"$dotest/$msgnum" >"$dotest/info" ||
+				stop_here $this
+
+			# skip pine's internal folder data
+			sane_grep '^Author: Mail System Internal Data$' \
+				<"$dotest"/info >/dev/null &&
+				go_next && continue
+
+			test -s "$dotest/patch" || {
+				eval_gettextln "Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?
+If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"\$cmdline --skip\".
+To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"\$cmdline --abort\"."
+				stop_here $this
+			}
+			rm -f "$dotest/original-commit" "$dotest/author-script"
 			{
 				sed -n '/^Subject/ s/Subject: //p' "$dotest/info"
 				echo
@@ -838,6 +853,11 @@
 	if test $apply_status != 0
 	then
 		eval_gettextln 'Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE'
+		if test "$(git config --bool advice.amworkdir)" != false
+		then
+			eval_gettextln 'The copy of the patch that failed is found in:
+   $dotest/patch'
+		fi
 		stop_here_user_resolve $this
 	fi
 
diff --git a/git-compat-util.h b/git-compat-util.h
index 5ef8ff7..cc2abee 100644
--- a/git-compat-util.h
+++ b/git-compat-util.h
@@ -74,7 +74,8 @@
 # define _XOPEN_SOURCE 500
 # endif
 #elif !defined(__APPLE__) && !defined(__FreeBSD__) && !defined(__USLC__) && \
-      !defined(_M_UNIX) && !defined(__sgi) && !defined(__DragonFly__)
+      !defined(_M_UNIX) && !defined(__sgi) && !defined(__DragonFly__) && \
+      !defined(__TANDEM) && !defined(__QNX__)
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE 600 /* glibc2 and AIX 5.3L need 500, OpenBSD needs 600 for S_ISLNK() */
 #define _XOPEN_SOURCE_EXTENDED 1 /* AIX 5.3L needs this */
 #endif
@@ -98,15 +99,22 @@
 #include <stdlib.h>
 #include <stdarg.h>
 #include <string.h>
+#ifdef HAVE_STRINGS_H
+#include <strings.h> /* for strcasecmp() */
+#endif
 #include <errno.h>
 #include <limits.h>
+#ifdef NEEDS_SYS_PARAM_H
 #include <sys/param.h>
+#endif
 #include <sys/types.h>
 #include <dirent.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
 #include <time.h>
 #include <signal.h>
+#ifndef USE_WILDMATCH
 #include <fnmatch.h>
+#endif
 #include <assert.h>
 #include <regex.h>
 #include <utime.h>
@@ -116,7 +124,12 @@
 #else
 #include <poll.h>
 #endif
-#ifndef __MINGW32__
+#if defined(__MINGW32__)
+/* pull in Windows compatibility stuff */
+#include "compat/mingw.h"
+#elif defined(_MSC_VER)
+#include "compat/msvc.h"
+#else
 #include <sys/wait.h>
 #include <sys/resource.h>
 #include <sys/socket.h>
@@ -130,11 +143,23 @@
 #include <arpa/inet.h>
 #include <netdb.h>
 #include <pwd.h>
+#include <sys/un.h>
 #ifndef NO_INTTYPES_H
 #include <inttypes.h>
 #else
 #include <stdint.h>
 #endif
+#ifdef NO_INTPTR_T
+/*
+ * On I16LP32, ILP32 and LP64 "long" is the save bet, however
+ * on LLP86, IL33LLP64 and P64 it needs to be "long long",
+ * while on IP16 and IP16L32 it is "int" (resp. "short")
+ * Size needs to match (or exceed) 'sizeof(void *)'.
+ * We can't take "long long" here as not everybody has it.
+ */
+typedef long intptr_t;
+typedef unsigned long uintptr_t;
+#endif
 #if defined(__CYGWIN__)
 #undef _XOPEN_SOURCE
 #include <grp.h>
@@ -145,12 +170,31 @@
 #include <grp.h>
 #define _ALL_SOURCE 1
 #endif
-#else 	/* __MINGW32__ */
-/* pull in Windows compatibility stuff */
-#include "compat/mingw.h"
-#endif	/* __MINGW32__ */
-#ifdef _MSC_VER
-#include "compat/msvc.h"
+#endif
+
+/* used on Mac OS X */
+#ifdef PRECOMPOSE_UNICODE
+#include "compat/precompose_utf8.h"
+#else
+#define precompose_str(in,i_nfd2nfc)
+#define precompose_argv(c,v)
+#define probe_utf8_pathname_composition(a,b)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef MKDIR_WO_TRAILING_SLASH
+#define mkdir(a,b) compat_mkdir_wo_trailing_slash((a),(b))
+extern int compat_mkdir_wo_trailing_slash(const char*, mode_t);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NO_STRUCT_ITIMERVAL
+struct itimerval {
+	struct timeval it_interval;
+	struct timeval it_value;
+}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef NO_SETITIMER
+#define setitimer(which,value,ovalue)
 #endif
 
 #ifndef NO_LIBGEN_H
@@ -219,7 +263,7 @@
 #define find_last_dir_sep(path) strrchr(path, '/')
 #endif
 
-#if __HP_cc >= 61000
+#if defined(__HP_cc) && (__HP_cc >= 61000)
 #define NORETURN __attribute__((noreturn))
 #define NORETURN_PTR
 #elif defined(__GNUC__) && !defined(NO_NORETURN)
@@ -238,6 +282,17 @@
 
 #include "compat/bswap.h"
 
+#ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+#define FNM_PATHNAME WM_PATHNAME
+#define FNM_CASEFOLD WM_CASEFOLD
+#define FNM_NOMATCH  WM_NOMATCH
+static inline int fnmatch(const char *pattern, const char *string, int flags)
+{
+	return wildmatch(pattern, string, flags, NULL);
+}
+#endif
+
 /* General helper functions */
 extern void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
 extern void vwritef(int fd, const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params);
@@ -248,6 +303,17 @@
 extern int error(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 extern void warning(const char *err, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 1, 2)));
 
+/*
+ * Let callers be aware of the constant return value; this can help
+ * gcc with -Wuninitialized analysis. We have to restrict this trick to
+ * gcc, though, because of the variadic macro and the magic ## comma pasting
+ * behavior. But since we're only trying to help gcc, anyway, it's OK; other
+ * compilers will fall back to using the function as usual.
+ */
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(__clang__)
+#define error(fmt, ...) (error((fmt), ##__VA_ARGS__), -1)
+#endif
+
 extern void set_die_routine(NORETURN_PTR void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
 extern void set_error_routine(void (*routine)(const char *err, va_list params));
 
@@ -351,6 +417,8 @@
 #ifdef NO_STRTOUMAX
 #define strtoumax gitstrtoumax
 extern uintmax_t gitstrtoumax(const char *, char **, int);
+#define strtoimax gitstrtoimax
+extern intmax_t gitstrtoimax(const char *, char **, int);
 #endif
 
 #ifdef NO_STRTOK_R
@@ -369,6 +437,10 @@
                 const void *needle, size_t needlelen);
 #endif
 
+#ifdef NO_GETPAGESIZE
+#define getpagesize() sysconf(_SC_PAGESIZE)
+#endif
+
 #ifdef FREAD_READS_DIRECTORIES
 #ifdef fopen
 #undef fopen
@@ -455,29 +527,48 @@
 	return len > extlen && !memcmp(filename + len - extlen, ext, extlen);
 }
 
+/* in ctype.c, for kwset users */
+extern const char tolower_trans_tbl[256];
+
 /* Sane ctype - no locale, and works with signed chars */
 #undef isascii
 #undef isspace
 #undef isdigit
 #undef isalpha
 #undef isalnum
+#undef isprint
+#undef islower
+#undef isupper
 #undef tolower
 #undef toupper
-extern unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
+#undef iscntrl
+#undef ispunct
+#undef isxdigit
+
+extern const unsigned char sane_ctype[256];
 #define GIT_SPACE 0x01
 #define GIT_DIGIT 0x02
 #define GIT_ALPHA 0x04
 #define GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL 0x08
 #define GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL 0x10
 #define GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC 0x20
+#define GIT_CNTRL 0x40
+#define GIT_PUNCT 0x80
 #define sane_istest(x,mask) ((sane_ctype[(unsigned char)(x)] & (mask)) != 0)
 #define isascii(x) (((x) & ~0x7f) == 0)
 #define isspace(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_SPACE)
 #define isdigit(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_DIGIT)
 #define isalpha(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA)
 #define isalnum(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_ALPHA | GIT_DIGIT)
+#define isprint(x) ((x) >= 0x20 && (x) <= 0x7e)
+#define islower(x) sane_iscase(x, 1)
+#define isupper(x) sane_iscase(x, 0)
 #define is_glob_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL)
 #define is_regex_special(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL)
+#define iscntrl(x) (sane_istest(x,GIT_CNTRL))
+#define ispunct(x) sane_istest(x, GIT_PUNCT | GIT_REGEX_SPECIAL | \
+		GIT_GLOB_SPECIAL | GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC)
+#define isxdigit(x) (hexval_table[x] != -1)
 #define tolower(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0x20)
 #define toupper(x) sane_case((unsigned char)(x), 0)
 #define is_pathspec_magic(x) sane_istest(x,GIT_PATHSPEC_MAGIC)
@@ -489,6 +580,17 @@
 	return x;
 }
 
+static inline int sane_iscase(int x, int is_lower)
+{
+	if (!sane_istest(x, GIT_ALPHA))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (is_lower)
+		return (x & 0x20) != 0;
+	else
+		return (x & 0x20) == 0;
+}
+
 static inline int strtoul_ui(char const *s, int base, unsigned int *result)
 {
 	unsigned long ul;
@@ -575,4 +677,17 @@
  */
 int remove_or_warn(unsigned int mode, const char *path);
 
+/*
+ * Call access(2), but warn for any error except "missing file"
+ * (ENOENT or ENOTDIR).
+ */
+int access_or_warn(const char *path, int mode);
+int access_or_die(const char *path, int mode);
+
+/* Warn on an inaccessible file that ought to be accessible */
+void warn_on_inaccessible(const char *path);
+
+/* Get the passwd entry for the UID of the current process. */
+struct passwd *xgetpwuid_self(void);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
index 39a426e..e6bf252 100755
--- a/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
+++ b/git-cvsexportcommit.perl
@@ -30,6 +30,13 @@
 		chomp($gd);
 		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $gd;
 	}
+
+	# On MSYS, convert a Windows-style path to an MSYS-style path
+	# so that rel2abs() below works correctly.
+	if ($^O eq 'msys') {
+		$ENV{GIT_DIR} =~ s#^([[:alpha:]]):/#/$1/#;
+	}
+
 	# Make sure GIT_DIR is absolute
 	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = File::Spec->rel2abs($ENV{GIT_DIR});
 }
diff --git a/git-cvsimport.perl b/git-cvsimport.perl
index 8d41610..0a31ebd 100755
--- a/git-cvsimport.perl
+++ b/git-cvsimport.perl
@@ -24,14 +24,14 @@
 use Time::Local;
 use IO::Socket;
 use IO::Pipe;
-use POSIX qw(strftime dup2 ENOENT);
+use POSIX qw(strftime tzset dup2 ENOENT);
 use IPC::Open2;
 
 $SIG{'PIPE'}="IGNORE";
-$ENV{'TZ'}="UTC";
+set_timezone('UTC');
 
 our ($opt_h,$opt_o,$opt_v,$opt_k,$opt_u,$opt_d,$opt_p,$opt_C,$opt_z,$opt_i,$opt_P, $opt_s,$opt_m,@opt_M,$opt_A,$opt_S,$opt_L, $opt_a, $opt_r, $opt_R);
-my (%conv_author_name, %conv_author_email);
+my (%conv_author_name, %conv_author_email, %conv_author_tz);
 
 sub usage(;$) {
 	my $msg = shift;
@@ -59,6 +59,14 @@
 			$conv_author_name{$user} = $2;
 			$conv_author_email{$user} = $3;
 		}
+		# or with an optional timezone:
+		#   spawn=Simon Pawn <spawn@frog-pond.org> America/Chicago
+		elsif (m/^(\S+?)\s*=\s*(.+?)\s*<(.+)>\s*(\S+?)\s*$/) {
+			$user = $1;
+			$conv_author_name{$user} = $2;
+			$conv_author_email{$user} = $3;
+			$conv_author_tz{$user} = $4;
+		}
 		# However, we also read from CVSROOT/users format
 		# to ease migration.
 		elsif (/^(\w+):(['"]?)(.+?)\2\s*$/) {
@@ -84,11 +92,22 @@
 	  die("Failed to open $file for writing: $!");
 
 	foreach (keys %conv_author_name) {
-		print $f "$_=$conv_author_name{$_} <$conv_author_email{$_}>\n";
+		print $f "$_=$conv_author_name{$_} <$conv_author_email{$_}>";
+		print $f " $conv_author_tz{$_}" if ($conv_author_tz{$_});
+		print $f "\n";
 	}
 	close ($f);
 }
 
+# Versions of perl before 5.10.0 may not automatically check $TZ each
+# time localtime is run (most platforms will do so only the first time).
+# We can work around this by using tzset() to update the internal
+# variable whenever we change the environment.
+sub set_timezone {
+	$ENV{TZ} = shift;
+	tzset();
+}
+
 # convert getopts specs for use by git config
 my %longmap = (
 	'A:' => 'authors-file',
@@ -795,7 +814,7 @@
 	return $tree;
 }
 
-my ($patchset,$date,$author_name,$author_email,$branch,$ancestor,$tag,$logmsg);
+my ($patchset,$date,$author_name,$author_email,$author_tz,$branch,$ancestor,$tag,$logmsg);
 my (@old,@new,@skipped,%ignorebranch,@commit_revisions);
 
 # commits that cvsps cannot place anywhere...
@@ -844,7 +863,9 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	my $commit_date = strftime("+0000 %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S",gmtime($date));
+	set_timezone($author_tz);
+	my $commit_date = strftime("%s %z", localtime($date));
+	set_timezone('UTC');
 	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} = $author_name;
 	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $author_email;
 	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} = $commit_date;
@@ -889,10 +910,37 @@
 		$xtag =~ s/\s+\*\*.*$//; # Remove stuff like ** INVALID ** and ** FUNKY **
 		$xtag =~ tr/_/\./ if ( $opt_u );
 		$xtag =~ s/[\/]/$opt_s/g;
-		$xtag =~ s/\[//g;
 
-		system('git' , 'tag', '-f', $xtag, $cid) == 0
-			or die "Cannot create tag $xtag: $!\n";
+		# See refs.c for these rules.
+		# Tag cannot contain bad chars. (See bad_ref_char in refs.c.)
+		$xtag =~ s/[ ~\^:\\\*\?\[]//g;
+		# Other bad strings for tags:
+		# (See check_refname_component in refs.c.)
+		1 while $xtag =~ s/
+			(?: \.\.        # Tag cannot contain '..'.
+			|   \@{         # Tag cannot contain '@{'.
+			| ^ -           # Tag cannot begin with '-'.
+			|   \.lock $    # Tag cannot end with '.lock'.
+			| ^ \.          # Tag cannot begin...
+			|   \. $        # ...or end with '.'
+			)//xg;
+		# Tag cannot be empty.
+		if ($xtag eq '') {
+			warn("warning: ignoring tag '$tag'",
+			" with invalid tagname\n");
+			return;
+		}
+
+		if (system('git' , 'tag', '-f', $xtag, $cid) != 0) {
+			# We did our best to sanitize the tag, but still failed
+			# for whatever reason. Bail out, and give the user
+			# enough information to understand if/how we should
+			# improve the translation in the future.
+			if ($tag ne $xtag) {
+				print "Translated '$tag' tag to '$xtag'\n";
+			}
+			die "Cannot create tag $xtag: $!\n";
+		}
 
 		print "Created tag '$xtag' on '$branch'\n" if $opt_v;
 	}
@@ -918,12 +966,14 @@
 		}
 		$state=3;
 	} elsif ($state == 3 and s/^Author:\s+//) {
+		$author_tz = "UTC";
 		s/\s+$//;
 		if (/^(.*?)\s+<(.*)>/) {
 		    ($author_name, $author_email) = ($1, $2);
 		} elsif ($conv_author_name{$_}) {
 			$author_name = $conv_author_name{$_};
 			$author_email = $conv_author_email{$_};
+			$author_tz = $conv_author_tz{$_} if ($conv_author_tz{$_});
 		} else {
 		    $author_name = $author_email = $_;
 		}
diff --git a/git-cvsserver.perl b/git-cvsserver.perl
index b8eddab..3679074 100755
--- a/git-cvsserver.perl
+++ b/git-cvsserver.perl
@@ -51,11 +51,16 @@
 
 #### Definition and mappings of functions ####
 
+# NOTE: Despite the existence of req_CATCHALL and req_EMPTY unimplemented
+#  requests, this list is incomplete.  It is missing many rarer/optional
+#  requests.  Perhaps some clients require a claim of support for
+#  these specific requests for main functionality to work?
 my $methods = {
     'Root'            => \&req_Root,
     'Valid-responses' => \&req_Validresponses,
     'valid-requests'  => \&req_validrequests,
     'Directory'       => \&req_Directory,
+    'Sticky'          => \&req_Sticky,
     'Entry'           => \&req_Entry,
     'Modified'        => \&req_Modified,
     'Unchanged'       => \&req_Unchanged,
@@ -80,7 +85,6 @@
     'noop'            => \&req_EMPTY,
     'annotate'        => \&req_annotate,
     'Global_option'   => \&req_Globaloption,
-    #'annotate'        => \&req_CATCHALL,
 };
 
 ##############################################
@@ -467,11 +471,19 @@
     {
         $log->info("Setting prepend to '$state->{path}'");
         $state->{prependdir} = $state->{path};
+        my %entries;
         foreach my $entry ( keys %{$state->{entries}} )
         {
-            $state->{entries}{$state->{prependdir} . $entry} = $state->{entries}{$entry};
-            delete $state->{entries}{$entry};
+            $entries{$state->{prependdir} . $entry} = $state->{entries}{$entry};
         }
+        $state->{entries}=\%entries;
+
+        my %dirMap;
+        foreach my $dir ( keys %{$state->{dirMap}} )
+        {
+            $dirMap{$state->{prependdir} . $dir} = $state->{dirMap}{$dir};
+        }
+        $state->{dirMap}=\%dirMap;
     }
 
     if ( defined ( $state->{prependdir} ) )
@@ -479,9 +491,60 @@
         $log->debug("Prepending '$state->{prependdir}' to state|directory");
         $state->{directory} = $state->{prependdir} . $state->{directory}
     }
+
+    if ( ! defined($state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}) )
+    {
+        $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}} =
+            {
+                'names' => {}
+                #'tagspec' => undef
+            };
+    }
+
     $log->debug("req_Directory : localdir=$data repository=$repository path=$state->{path} directory=$state->{directory} module=$state->{module}");
 }
 
+# Sticky tagspec \n
+#     Response expected: no. Tell the server that the directory most
+#     recently specified with Directory has a sticky tag or date
+#     tagspec. The first character of tagspec is T for a tag, D for
+#     a date, or some other character supplied by a Set-sticky
+#     response from a previous request to the server. The remainder
+#     of tagspec contains the actual tag or date, again as supplied
+#     by Set-sticky.
+#          The server should remember Static-directory and Sticky requests
+#     for a particular directory; the client need not resend them each
+#     time it sends a Directory request for a given directory. However,
+#     the server is not obliged to remember them beyond the context
+#     of a single command.
+sub req_Sticky
+{
+    my ( $cmd, $tagspec ) = @_;
+
+    my ( $stickyInfo );
+    if($tagspec eq "")
+    {
+        # nothing
+    }
+    elsif($tagspec=~/^T([^ ]+)\s*$/)
+    {
+        $stickyInfo = { 'tag' => $1 };
+    }
+    elsif($tagspec=~/^D([0-9.]+)\s*$/)
+    {
+        $stickyInfo= { 'date' => $1 };
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        die "Unknown tag_or_date format\n";
+    }
+    $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}{stickyInfo}=$stickyInfo;
+
+    $log->debug("req_Sticky : tagspec=$tagspec repository=$state->{repository}"
+                . " path=$state->{path} directory=$state->{directory}"
+                . " module=$state->{module}");
+}
+
 # Entry entry-line \n
 #     Response expected: no. Tell the server what version of a file is on the
 #     local machine. The name in entry-line is a name relative to the directory
@@ -499,7 +562,7 @@
 
     #$log->debug("req_Entry : $data");
 
-    my @data = split(/\//, $data);
+    my @data = split(/\//, $data, -1);
 
     $state->{entries}{$state->{directory}.$data[1]} = {
         revision    => $data[2],
@@ -508,6 +571,8 @@
         tag_or_date => $data[5],
     };
 
+    $state->{dirMap}{$state->{directory}}{names}{$data[1]} = 'F';
+
     $log->info("Received entry line '$data' => '" . $state->{directory} . $data[1] . "'");
 }
 
@@ -540,21 +605,22 @@
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    argsfromdir($updater);
-
     my $addcount = 0;
 
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        # no -r, -A, or -D with add
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
-        if ($wrev && $meta && ($wrev < 0))
+        if ($wrev && $meta && ($wrev=~/^-/))
         {
             # previously removed file, add back
-            $log->info("added file $filename was previously removed, send 1.$meta->{revision}");
+            $log->info("added file $filename was previously removed, send $meta->{revision}");
 
             print "MT +updated\n";
             print "MT text U \n";
@@ -571,8 +637,10 @@
 
                 # this is an "entries" line
                 my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-                $log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-                print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                my $entryLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                $entryLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                $log->debug($entryLine);
+                print "$entryLine\n";
                 # permissions
                 $log->debug("SEND : u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}");
                 print "u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}\n";
@@ -603,7 +671,8 @@
         print "$filename\n";
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"file",
                         $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename});
-        print "/$filepart/0//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$filepart/0//$kopts/" .
+              getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
 
         my $requestedKopts = $state->{opt}{k};
         if(defined($requestedKopts))
@@ -671,7 +740,10 @@
             next;
         }
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        # only from entries
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
         unless ( defined ( $wrev ) )
@@ -680,13 +752,13 @@
             next;
         }
 
-        if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev < 0 )
+        if ( defined($wrev) and ($wrev=~/^-/) )
         {
             print "E cvs remove: file `$filename' already scheduled for removal\n";
             next;
         }
 
-        unless ( $wrev == $meta->{revision} )
+        unless ( $wrev eq $meta->{revision} )
         {
             # TODO : not sure if the format of this message is quite correct.
             print "E cvs remove: Up to date check failed for `$filename'\n";
@@ -701,7 +773,7 @@
         print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
         print "$filename\n";
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-        print "/$filepart/-1.$wrev//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$filepart/-$wrev//$kopts/" . getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
 
         $rmcount++;
     }
@@ -881,6 +953,9 @@
         return 1;
     }
 
+    my $stickyInfo = { 'tag' => $state->{opt}{r},
+                       'date' => $state->{opt}{D} };
+
     my $module = $state->{args}[0];
     $state->{module} = $module;
     my $checkout_path = $module;
@@ -898,64 +973,32 @@
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $module, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
+    my $headHash;
+    if( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+    {
+        $headHash = $updater->lookupCommitRef($stickyInfo->{tag});
+        if( !defined($headHash) )
+        {
+            print "error 1 no such tag `$stickyInfo->{tag}'\n";
+            cleanupWorkTree();
+            exit;
+        }
+    }
+
     $checkout_path =~ s|/$||; # get rid of trailing slashes
 
-    # Eclipse seems to need the Clear-sticky command
-    # to prepare the 'Entries' file for the new directory.
-    print "Clear-sticky $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Clear-static-directory $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Clear-sticky $checkout_path/\n"; # yes, twice
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "Template $checkout_path/\n";
-    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/\n";
-    print "0\n";
-
-    # instruct the client that we're checking out to $checkout_path
-    print "E cvs checkout: Updating $checkout_path\n";
-
     my %seendirs = ();
     my $lastdir ='';
 
-    # recursive
-    sub prepdir {
-       my ($dir, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs) = @_;
-       my $parent = dirname($dir);
-       $dir       =~ s|/+$||;
-       $repodir   =~ s|/+$||;
-       $remotedir =~ s|/+$||;
-       $parent    =~ s|/+$||;
-       $log->debug("announcedir $dir, $repodir, $remotedir" );
+    prepDirForOutput(
+            ".",
+            $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module",
+            $checkout_path,
+            \%seendirs,
+            'checkout',
+            $state->{dirArgs} );
 
-       if ($parent eq '.' || $parent eq './') {
-           $parent = '';
-       }
-       # recurse to announce unseen parents first
-       if (length($parent) && !exists($seendirs->{$parent})) {
-           prepdir($parent, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs);
-       }
-       # Announce that we are going to modify at the parent level
-       if ($parent) {
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating $remotedir/$parent\n";
-       } else {
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating $remotedir\n";
-       }
-       print "Clear-sticky $remotedir/$parent/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$parent/\n";
-
-       print "Clear-static-directory $remotedir/$dir/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$dir/\n";
-       print "Clear-sticky $remotedir/$parent/\n"; # yes, twice
-       print "$repodir/$parent/\n";
-       print "Template $remotedir/$dir/\n";
-       print "$repodir/$dir/\n";
-       print "0\n";
-
-       $seendirs->{$dir} = 1;
-    }
-
-    foreach my $git ( @{$updater->gethead} )
+    foreach my $git ( @{$updater->getAnyHead($headHash)} )
     {
         # Don't want to check out deleted files
         next if ( $git->{filehash} eq "deleted" );
@@ -963,16 +1006,13 @@
         my $fullName = $git->{name};
         ( $git->{name}, $git->{dir} ) = filenamesplit($git->{name});
 
-       if (length($git->{dir}) && $git->{dir} ne './'
-           && $git->{dir} ne $lastdir ) {
-           unless (exists($seendirs{$git->{dir}})) {
-               prepdir($git->{dir}, $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/",
-                       $checkout_path, \%seendirs);
-               $lastdir = $git->{dir};
-               $seendirs{$git->{dir}} = 1;
-           }
-           print "E cvs checkout: Updating /$checkout_path/$git->{dir}\n";
-       }
+        unless (exists($seendirs{$git->{dir}})) {
+            prepDirForOutput($git->{dir}, $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$module/",
+                             $checkout_path, \%seendirs, 'checkout',
+                             $state->{dirArgs} );
+            $lastdir = $git->{dir};
+            $seendirs{$git->{dir}} = 1;
+        }
 
         # modification time of this file
         print "Mod-time $git->{modified}\n";
@@ -992,7 +1032,8 @@
 
         # this is an "entries" line
         my $kopts = kopts_from_path($fullName,"sha1",$git->{filehash});
-        print "/$git->{name}/1.$git->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+        print "/$git->{name}/$git->{revision}//$kopts/" .
+                        getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
         # permissions
         print "u=$git->{mode},g=$git->{mode},o=$git->{mode}\n";
 
@@ -1005,6 +1046,119 @@
     statecleanup();
 }
 
+# used by req_co and req_update to set up directories for files
+# recursively handles parents
+sub prepDirForOutput
+{
+    my ($dir, $repodir, $remotedir, $seendirs, $request, $dirArgs) = @_;
+
+    my $parent = dirname($dir);
+    $dir       =~ s|/+$||;
+    $repodir   =~ s|/+$||;
+    $remotedir =~ s|/+$||;
+    $parent    =~ s|/+$||;
+
+    if ($parent eq '.' || $parent eq './')
+    {
+        $parent = '';
+    }
+    # recurse to announce unseen parents first
+    if( length($parent) &&
+        !exists($seendirs->{$parent}) &&
+        ( $request eq "checkout" ||
+          exists($dirArgs->{$parent}) ) )
+    {
+        prepDirForOutput($parent, $repodir, $remotedir,
+                         $seendirs, $request, $dirArgs);
+    }
+    # Announce that we are going to modify at the parent level
+    if ($dir eq '.' || $dir eq './')
+    {
+        $dir = '';
+    }
+    if(exists($seendirs->{$dir}))
+    {
+        return;
+    }
+    $log->debug("announcedir $dir, $repodir, $remotedir" );
+    my($thisRemoteDir,$thisRepoDir);
+    if ($dir ne "")
+    {
+        $thisRepoDir="$repodir/$dir";
+        if($remotedir eq ".")
+        {
+            $thisRemoteDir=$dir;
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $thisRemoteDir="$remotedir/$dir";
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $thisRepoDir=$repodir;
+        $thisRemoteDir=$remotedir;
+    }
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-Q} || $state->{globaloptions}{-q} )
+    {
+        print "E cvs $request: Updating $thisRemoteDir\n";
+    }
+
+    my ($opt_r)=$state->{opt}{r};
+    my $stickyInfo;
+    if(exists($state->{opt}{A}))
+    {
+        # $stickyInfo=undef;
+    }
+    elsif( defined($opt_r) && $opt_r ne "" )
+           # || ( defined($state->{opt}{D}) && $state->{opt}{D} ne "" ) # TODO
+    {
+        $stickyInfo={ 'tag' => (defined($opt_r)?$opt_r:undef) };
+
+        # TODO: Convert -D value into the form 2011.04.10.04.46.57,
+        #   similar to an entry line's sticky date, without the D prefix.
+        #   It sometimes (always?) arrives as something more like
+        #   '10 Apr 2011 04:46:57 -0000'...
+        # $stickyInfo={ 'date' => (defined($stickyDate)?$stickyDate:undef) };
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $stickyInfo=getDirStickyInfo($state->{prependdir} . $dir);
+    }
+
+    my $stickyResponse;
+    if(defined($stickyInfo))
+    {
+        $stickyResponse = "Set-sticky $thisRemoteDir/\n" .
+                          "$thisRepoDir/\n" .
+                          getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $stickyResponse = "Clear-sticky $thisRemoteDir/\n" .
+                          "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+    }
+
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-n} )
+    {
+        print $stickyResponse;
+
+        print "Clear-static-directory $thisRemoteDir/\n";
+        print "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+        print $stickyResponse; # yes, twice
+        print "Template $thisRemoteDir/\n";
+        print "$thisRepoDir/\n";
+        print "0\n";
+    }
+
+    $seendirs->{$dir} = 1;
+
+    # FUTURE: This would more accurately emulate CVS by sending
+    #   another copy of sticky after processing the files in that
+    #   directory.  Or intermediate: perhaps send all sticky's for
+    #   $seendirs after after processing all files.
+}
+
 # update \n
 #     Response expected: yes. Actually do a cvs update command. This uses any
 #     previous Argument, Directory, Entry, or Modified requests, if they have
@@ -1048,29 +1202,19 @@
 
     #$log->debug("update state : " . Dumper($state));
 
-    my $last_dirname = "///";
+    my($repoDir);
+    $repoDir=$state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$state->{prependdir}";
+
+    my %seendirs = ();
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
-    foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
+    foreach my $argsFilename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
-        $filename = filecleanup($filename);
+        my $filename;
+        $filename = filecleanup($argsFilename);
 
         $log->debug("Processing file $filename");
 
-        unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{-Q} || $state->{globaloptions}{-q} )
-        {
-            my $cur_dirname = dirname($filename);
-            if ( $cur_dirname ne $last_dirname )
-            {
-                $last_dirname = $cur_dirname;
-                if ( $cur_dirname eq "" )
-                {
-                    $cur_dirname = ".";
-                }
-                print "E cvs update: Updating $cur_dirname\n";
-            }
-        }
-
         # if we have a -C we should pretend we never saw modified stuff
         if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) )
         {
@@ -1079,13 +1223,11 @@
             $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} = 1;
         }
 
-        my $meta;
-        if ( defined($state->{opt}{r}) and $state->{opt}{r} =~ /^1\.(\d+)/ )
-        {
-            $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $1);
-        } else {
-            $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
-        }
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename,
+                                           $state->{opt}{r},
+                                           $state->{opt}{D},
+                                           exists($state->{opt}{A}));
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $stickyInfo);
 
         # If -p was given, "print" the contents of the requested revision.
         if ( exists ( $state->{opt}{p} ) ) {
@@ -1098,23 +1240,41 @@
             next;
         }
 
+        # Directories:
+        prepDirForOutput(
+                dirname($argsFilename),
+                $repoDir,
+                ".",
+                \%seendirs,
+                "update",
+                $state->{dirArgs} );
+
+        my $wrev = revparse($filename);
+
 	if ( ! defined $meta )
 	{
 	    $meta = {
 	        name => $filename,
-	        revision => 0,
+	        revision => '0',
 	        filehash => 'added'
 	    };
+	    if($wrev ne "0")
+	    {
+	        $meta->{filehash}='deleted';
+	    }
 	}
 
         my $oldmeta = $meta;
 
-        my $wrev = revparse($filename);
-
         # If the working copy is an old revision, lets get that version too for comparison.
-        if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev != $meta->{revision} )
+        my $oldWrev=$wrev;
+        if(defined($oldWrev))
         {
-            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
+            $oldWrev=~s/^-//;
+            if($oldWrev ne $meta->{revision})
+            {
+                $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $oldWrev);
+            }
         }
 
         #$log->debug("Target revision is $meta->{revision}, current working revision is $wrev");
@@ -1123,7 +1283,7 @@
         # and the working copy is unmodified _and_ the user hasn't specified -C
         next if ( defined ( $wrev )
                   and defined($meta->{revision})
-                  and $wrev == $meta->{revision}
+                  and $wrev eq $meta->{revision}
                   and $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged}
                   and not exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) );
 
@@ -1131,7 +1291,8 @@
         # but the working copy is modified, tell the client it's modified
         if ( defined ( $wrev )
              and defined($meta->{revision})
-             and $wrev == $meta->{revision}
+             and $wrev eq $meta->{revision}
+             and $wrev ne "0"
              and defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash})
              and not exists ( $state->{opt}{C} ) )
         {
@@ -1142,8 +1303,12 @@
             next;
         }
 
-        if ( $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+        if ( $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" && $wrev ne "0" )
         {
+            # TODO: If it has been modified in the sandbox, error out
+            #   with the appropriate message, rather than deleting a modified
+            #   file.
+
             my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($filename,1);
 
             $log->info("Removing '$filename' from working copy (no longer in the repo)");
@@ -1161,7 +1326,7 @@
         {
             # normal update, just send the new revision (either U=Update,
             # or A=Add, or R=Remove)
-	    if ( defined($wrev) && $wrev < 0 )
+	    if ( defined($wrev) && ($wrev=~/^-/) )
 	    {
 	        $log->info("Tell the client the file is scheduled for removal");
 		print "MT text R \n";
@@ -1169,7 +1334,8 @@
                 print "MT newline\n";
 		next;
 	    }
-	    elsif ( (!defined($wrev) || $wrev == 0) && (!defined($meta->{revision}) || $meta->{revision} == 0) )
+	    elsif ( (!defined($wrev) || $wrev eq '0') &&
+                    (!defined($meta->{revision}) || $meta->{revision} eq '0') )
 	    {
 	        $log->info("Tell the client the file is scheduled for addition");
 		print "MT text A \n";
@@ -1179,7 +1345,7 @@
 
 	    }
 	    else {
-                $log->info("Updating '$filename' to ".$meta->{revision});
+                $log->info("UpdatingX3 '$filename' to ".$meta->{revision});
                 print "MT +updated\n";
                 print "MT text U \n";
                 print "MT fname $filename\n";
@@ -1199,10 +1365,6 @@
 		    $log->debug("Updating existing file 'Update-existing $dirpart'");
 		} else {
 		    # instruct client we're sending a file to put in this path as a new file
-		    print "Clear-static-directory $dirpart\n";
-		    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$dirpart\n";
-		    print "Clear-sticky $dirpart\n";
-		    print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$dirpart\n";
 
 		    $log->debug("Creating new file 'Created $dirpart'");
 		    print "Created $dirpart\n";
@@ -1211,8 +1373,10 @@
 
 		# this is an "entries" line
 		my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-		$log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-		print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                my $entriesLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+		$log->debug($entriesLine);
+		print "$entriesLine\n";
 
 		# permissions
 		$log->debug("SEND : u=$meta->{mode},g=$meta->{mode},o=$meta->{mode}");
@@ -1222,7 +1386,6 @@
 		transmitfile($meta->{filehash});
 	    }
         } else {
-            $log->info("Updating '$filename'");
             my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($meta->{name},1);
 
             my $mergeDir = setupTmpDir();
@@ -1237,7 +1400,7 @@
 
             # we need to merge with the local changes ( M=successful merge, C=conflict merge )
             $log->info("Merging $file_local, $file_old, $file_new");
-            print "M Merging differences between 1.$oldmeta->{revision} and 1.$meta->{revision} into $filename\n";
+            print "M Merging differences between $oldmeta->{revision} and $meta->{revision} into $filename\n";
 
             $log->debug("Temporary directory for merge is $mergeDir");
 
@@ -1260,8 +1423,10 @@
                     print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
                     my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
                                                 "file",$mergedFile);
-                    $log->debug("/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
-                    print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+                    $log->debug("/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/");
+                    my $entriesLine="/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/";
+                    $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                    print "$entriesLine\n";
                 }
             }
             elsif ( $return == 1 )
@@ -1277,7 +1442,9 @@
                     print $state->{CVSROOT} . "/$state->{module}/$filename\n";
                     my $kopts = kopts_from_path("$dirpart/$filepart",
                                                 "file",$mergedFile);
-                    print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}/+/$kopts/\n";
+                    my $entriesLine = "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}/+/$kopts/";
+                    $entriesLine .= getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo);
+                    print "$entriesLine\n";
                 }
             }
             else
@@ -1305,6 +1472,43 @@
 
     }
 
+    # prepDirForOutput() any other existing directories unless they already
+    # have the right sticky tag:
+    unless ( $state->{globaloptions}{n} )
+    {
+        my $dir;
+        foreach $dir (keys(%{$state->{dirMap}}))
+        {
+            if( ! $seendirs{$dir} &&
+                exists($state->{dirArgs}{$dir}) )
+            {
+                my($oldTag);
+                $oldTag=$state->{dirMap}{$dir}{tagspec};
+
+                unless( ( exists($state->{opt}{A}) &&
+                          defined($oldTag) ) ||
+                          ( defined($state->{opt}{r}) &&
+                            ( !defined($oldTag) ||
+                              $state->{opt}{r} ne $oldTag ) ) )
+                        # TODO?: OR sticky dir is different...
+                {
+                    next;
+                }
+
+                prepDirForOutput(
+                        $dir,
+                        $repoDir,
+                        ".",
+                        \%seendirs,
+                        'update',
+                        $state->{dirArgs} );
+            }
+
+            # TODO?: Consider sending a final duplicate Sticky response
+            #   to more closely mimic real CVS.
+        }
+    }
+
     print "ok\n";
 }
 
@@ -1337,23 +1541,11 @@
     my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    # Remember where the head was at the beginning.
-    my $parenthash = `git show-ref -s refs/heads/$state->{module}`;
-    chomp $parenthash;
-    if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/) {
-	    print "error 1 pserver cannot find the current HEAD of module";
-	    cleanupWorkTree();
-	    exit;
-    }
-
-    setupWorkTree($parenthash);
-
-    $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
-
-    $log->info("Created index '$work->{index}' for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
-
     my @committedfiles = ();
     my %oldmeta;
+    my $stickyInfo;
+    my $branchRef;
+    my $parenthash;
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
     foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
@@ -1363,7 +1555,67 @@
 
         next unless ( exists $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} or not $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} );
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        #####
+        # Figure out which branch and parenthash we are committing
+        # to, and setup worktree:
+
+        # should always come from entries:
+        my $fileStickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+        if( !defined($branchRef) )
+        {
+            $stickyInfo = $fileStickyInfo;
+            if( defined($stickyInfo) &&
+                ( defined($stickyInfo->{date}) ||
+                  !defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) ) )
+            {
+                print "error 1 cannot commit with sticky date for file `$filename'\n";
+                cleanupWorkTree();
+                exit;
+            }
+
+            $branchRef = "refs/heads/$state->{module}";
+            if ( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+            {
+                $branchRef = "refs/heads/$stickyInfo->{tag}";
+            }
+
+            $parenthash = `git show-ref -s $branchRef`;
+            chomp $parenthash;
+            if ($parenthash !~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                if ( defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}) )
+                {
+                    print "error 1 sticky tag `$stickyInfo->{tag}' for file `$filename' is not a branch\n";
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    print "error 1 pserver cannot find the current HEAD of module";
+                }
+                cleanupWorkTree();
+                exit;
+            }
+
+            setupWorkTree($parenthash);
+
+            $log->info("Lockless commit start, basing commit on '$work->{workDir}', index file is '$work->{index}'");
+
+            $log->info("Created index '$work->{index}' for head $state->{module} - exit status $?");
+        }
+        elsif( !refHashEqual($stickyInfo,$fileStickyInfo) )
+        {
+            #TODO: We could split the cvs commit into multiple
+            #  git commits by distinct stickyTag values, but that
+            #  is lowish priority.
+            print "error 1 Committing different files to different"
+                  . " branches is not currently supported\n";
+            cleanupWorkTree();
+            exit;
+        }
+
+        #####
+        # Process this file:
+
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
 	$oldmeta{$filename} = $meta;
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
@@ -1380,11 +1632,12 @@
 
         my $addflag = 0;
         my $rmflag = 0;
-        $rmflag = 1 if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev < 0 );
+        $rmflag = 1 if ( defined($wrev) and ($wrev=~/^-/) );
         $addflag = 1 unless ( -e $filename );
 
         # Do up to date checking
-        unless ( $addflag or $wrev == $meta->{revision} or ( $rmflag and -$wrev == $meta->{revision} ) )
+        unless ( $addflag or $wrev eq $meta->{revision} or
+                 ( $rmflag and $wrev eq "-$meta->{revision}" ) )
         {
             # fail everything if an up to date check fails
             print "error 1 Up to date check failed for $filename\n";
@@ -1421,7 +1674,7 @@
             $log->info("Adding file '$filename'");
             system("git", "update-index", "--add", $filename);
         } else {
-            $log->info("Updating file '$filename'");
+            $log->info("UpdatingX2 file '$filename'");
             system("git", "update-index", $filename);
         }
     }
@@ -1464,7 +1717,7 @@
     }
 
 	### Emulate git-receive-pack by running hooks/update
-	my @hook = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', "refs/heads/$state->{module}",
+	my @hook = ( $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/update', $branchRef,
 			$parenthash, $commithash );
 	if( -x $hook[0] ) {
 		unless( system( @hook ) == 0 )
@@ -1478,7 +1731,7 @@
 
 	### Update the ref
 	if (system(qw(git update-ref -m), "cvsserver ci",
-			"refs/heads/$state->{module}", $commithash, $parenthash)) {
+			$branchRef, $commithash, $parenthash)) {
 		$log->warn("update-ref for $state->{module} failed.");
 		print "error 1 Cannot commit -- update first\n";
 		cleanupWorkTree();
@@ -1492,7 +1745,7 @@
 
 		local $SIG{PIPE} = sub { die 'pipe broke' };
 
-		print $pipe "$parenthash $commithash refs/heads/$state->{module}\n";
+		print $pipe "$parenthash $commithash $branchRef\n";
 
 		close $pipe || die "bad pipe: $! $?";
 	}
@@ -1502,7 +1755,7 @@
 	### Then hooks/post-update
 	$hook = $ENV{GIT_DIR}.'hooks/post-update';
 	if (-x $hook) {
-		system($hook, "refs/heads/$state->{module}");
+		system($hook, $branchRef);
 	}
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
@@ -1510,9 +1763,9 @@
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
 	unless (defined $meta->{revision}) {
-	  $meta->{revision} = 1;
+	  $meta->{revision} = "1.1";
 	}
 
         my ( $filepart, $dirpart ) = filenamesplit($filename, 1);
@@ -1522,19 +1775,20 @@
 	print "M $state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v  <--  $dirpart$filepart\n";
         if ( defined $meta->{filehash} && $meta->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
         {
-            print "M new revision: delete; previous revision: 1.$oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
+            print "M new revision: delete; previous revision: $oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
             print "Remove-entry $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
         } else {
-            if ($meta->{revision} == 1) {
+            if ($meta->{revision} eq "1.1") {
 	        print "M initial revision: 1.1\n";
             } else {
-	        print "M new revision: 1.$meta->{revision}; previous revision: 1.$oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
+	        print "M new revision: $meta->{revision}; previous revision: $oldmeta{$filename}{revision}\n";
             }
             print "Checked-in $dirpart\n";
             print "$filename\n";
             my $kopts = kopts_from_path($filename,"sha1",$meta->{filehash});
-            print "/$filepart/1.$meta->{revision}//$kopts/\n";
+            print "/$filepart/$meta->{revision}//$kopts/" .
+                  getStickyTagOrDate($stickyInfo) . "\n";
         }
     }
 
@@ -1552,10 +1806,12 @@
     #$log->debug("status state : " . Dumper($state));
 
     # Grab a handle to the SQLite db and do any necessary updates
-    my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
+    my $updater;
+    $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we should be providing status on ...
+    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we should
+    # be providing status on ...
     argsfromdir($updater);
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
@@ -1563,67 +1819,140 @@
     {
         $filename = filecleanup($filename);
 
-        next if exists($state->{opt}{l}) && index($filename, '/', length($state->{prependdir})) >= 0;
-
-        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
-        my $oldmeta = $meta;
+        if ( exists($state->{opt}{l}) &&
+             index($filename, '/', length($state->{prependdir})) >= 0 )
+        {
+           next;
+        }
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
-        # If the working copy is an old revision, lets get that version too for comparison.
-        if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev != $meta->{revision} )
+        my $stickyInfo = resolveStickyInfo($filename);
+        my $meta = $updater->getmeta($filename,$stickyInfo);
+        my $oldmeta = $meta;
+
+        # If the working copy is an old revision, lets get that
+        # version too for comparison.
+        if ( defined($wrev) and $wrev ne $meta->{revision} )
         {
-            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
+            my($rmRev)=$wrev;
+            $rmRev=~s/^-//;
+            $oldmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename, $rmRev);
         }
 
         # TODO : All possible statuses aren't yet implemented
         my $status;
-        # Files are up to date if the working copy and repo copy have the same revision, and the working copy is unmodified
-        $status = "Up-to-date" if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined($meta->{revision}) and $wrev == $meta->{revision}
-                                    and
-                                    ( ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} and ( not defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) or $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} !~ /^\+=/ ) )
-                                      or ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq $meta->{filehash} ) )
-                                   );
+        # Files are up to date if the working copy and repo copy have
+        # the same revision, and the working copy is unmodified
+        if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined($meta->{revision}) and
+             $wrev eq $meta->{revision} and
+             ( ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} and
+                 ( not defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) or
+                   $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} !~ /^\+=/ ) ) or
+               ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and
+                 $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq
+                        $meta->{filehash} ) ) )
+        {
+            $status = "Up-to-date"
+        }
 
-        # Need checkout if the working copy has an older revision than the repo copy, and the working copy is unmodified
-        $status ||= "Needs Checkout" if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and $meta->{revision} > $wrev
-                                          and
-                                          ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged}
-                                            or ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq $oldmeta->{filehash} ) )
-                                        );
+        # Need checkout if the working copy has a different (usually
+        # older) revision than the repo copy, and the working copy is
+        # unmodified
+        if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and
+             $meta->{revision} ne $wrev and
+             ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} or
+               ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and
+                 $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq
+                                $oldmeta->{filehash} ) ) )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Needs Checkout";
+        }
 
-        # Need checkout if it exists in the repo but doesn't have a working copy
-        $status ||= "Needs Checkout" if ( not defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) );
+        # Need checkout if it exists in the repo but doesn't have a working
+        # copy
+        if ( not defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Needs Checkout";
+        }
 
-        # Locally modified if working copy and repo copy have the same revision but there are local changes
-        $status ||= "Locally Modified" if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined($meta->{revision}) and $wrev == $meta->{revision} and $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} );
+        # Locally modified if working copy and repo copy have the
+        # same revision but there are local changes
+        if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined($meta->{revision}) and
+             $wrev eq $meta->{revision} and
+             $wrev ne "0" and
+             $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Locally Modified";
+        }
 
-        # Needs Merge if working copy revision is less than repo copy and there are local changes
-        $status ||= "Needs Merge" if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and $meta->{revision} > $wrev and $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} );
+        # Needs Merge if working copy revision is different
+        # (usually older) than repo copy and there are local changes
+        if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and
+             $meta->{revision} ne $wrev and
+             $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Needs Merge";
+        }
 
-        $status ||= "Locally Added" if ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} ) and not defined ( $meta->{revision} ) );
-        $status ||= "Locally Removed" if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and -$wrev == $meta->{revision} );
-        $status ||= "Unresolved Conflict" if ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) and $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} =~ /^\+=/ );
-        $status ||= "File had conflicts on merge" if ( 0 );
+        if ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} ) and
+             ( !defined($meta->{revision}) ||
+               $meta->{revision} eq "0" ) )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Locally Added";
+        }
+        if ( defined ( $wrev ) and defined ( $meta->{revision} ) and
+             $wrev eq "-$meta->{revision}" )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Locally Removed";
+        }
+        if ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) and
+             $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} =~ /^\+=/ )
+        {
+            $status ||= "Unresolved Conflict";
+        }
+        if ( 0 )
+        {
+            $status ||= "File had conflicts on merge";
+        }
 
         $status ||= "Unknown";
 
         my ($filepart) = filenamesplit($filename);
 
-        print "M ===================================================================\n";
+        print "M =======" . ( "=" x 60 ) . "\n";
         print "M File: $filepart\tStatus: $status\n";
         if ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{revision}) )
         {
-            print "M Working revision:\t" . $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} . "\n";
+            print "M Working revision:\t" .
+                  $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} . "\n";
         } else {
             print "M Working revision:\tNo entry for $filename\n";
         }
         if ( defined($meta->{revision}) )
         {
-            print "M Repository revision:\t1." . $meta->{revision} . "\t$state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
-            print "M Sticky Tag:\t\t(none)\n";
-            print "M Sticky Date:\t\t(none)\n";
-            print "M Sticky Options:\t\t(none)\n";
+            print "M Repository revision:\t" .
+                   $meta->{revision} .
+                   "\t$state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
+            my($tagOrDate)=$state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date};
+            my($tag)=($tagOrDate=~m/^T(.+)$/);
+            if( !defined($tag) )
+            {
+                $tag="(none)";
+            }
+            print "M Sticky Tag:\t\t$tag\n";
+            my($date)=($tagOrDate=~m/^D(.+)$/);
+            if( !defined($date) )
+            {
+                $date="(none)";
+            }
+            print "M Sticky Date:\t\t$date\n";
+            my($options)=$state->{entries}{$filename}{options};
+            if( $options eq "" )
+            {
+                $options="(none)";
+            }
+            print "M Sticky Options:\t\t$options\n";
         } else {
             print "M Repository revision:\tNo revision control file\n";
         }
@@ -1651,96 +1980,149 @@
         $revision1 = $state->{opt}{r};
     }
 
-    $revision1 =~ s/^1\.// if ( defined ( $revision1 ) );
-    $revision2 =~ s/^1\.// if ( defined ( $revision2 ) );
-
-    $log->debug("Diffing revisions " . ( defined($revision1) ? $revision1 : "[NULL]" ) . " and " . ( defined($revision2) ? $revision2 : "[NULL]" ) );
+    $log->debug("Diffing revisions " .
+                ( defined($revision1) ? $revision1 : "[NULL]" ) .
+                " and " . ( defined($revision2) ? $revision2 : "[NULL]" ) );
 
     # Grab a handle to the SQLite db and do any necessary updates
-    my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
+    my $updater;
+    $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we should be providing status on ...
+    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we should
+    # be providing status on ...
     argsfromdir($updater);
 
+    my($foundDiff);
+
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
-    foreach my $filename ( @{$state->{args}} )
+    foreach my $argFilename ( @{$state->{args}} )
     {
-        $filename = filecleanup($filename);
+        my($filename) = filecleanup($argFilename);
 
         my ( $fh, $file1, $file2, $meta1, $meta2, $filediff );
 
         my $wrev = revparse($filename);
 
-        # We need _something_ to diff against
-        next unless ( defined ( $wrev ) );
+        # Priority for revision1:
+        #  1. First -r (missing file: check -N)
+        #  2. wrev from client's Entry line
+        #      - missing line/file: check -N
+        #      - "0": added file not committed (empty contents for rev1)
+        #      - Prefixed with dash (to be removed): check -N
 
-        # if we have a -r switch, use it
         if ( defined ( $revision1 ) )
         {
-            ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $revision1);
-            unless ( defined ( $meta1 ) and $meta1->{filehash} ne "deleted" )
+        }
+        elsif( defined($wrev) && $wrev ne "0" )
+        {
+            my($rmRev)=$wrev;
+            $rmRev=~s/^-//;
+            $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $rmRev);
+        }
+        if ( !defined($meta1) ||
+             $meta1->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+        {
+            if( !exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
             {
-                print "E File $filename at revision 1.$revision1 doesn't exist\n";
+                if(!defined($revision1))
+                {
+                    print "E File $filename at revision $revision1 doesn't exist\n";
+                }
                 next;
             }
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
+            elsif( !defined($meta1) )
+            {
+                $meta1 = {
+                    name => $filename,
+                    revision => '0',
+                    filehash => 'deleted'
+                };
+            }
         }
-        # otherwise we just use the working copy revision
-        else
-        {
-            ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
-            $meta1 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
-            transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
-        }
+
+        # Priority for revision2:
+        #  1. Second -r (missing file: check -N)
+        #  2. Modified file contents from client
+        #  3. wrev from client's Entry line
+        #      - missing line/file: check -N
+        #      - Prefixed with dash (to be removed): check -N
 
         # if we have a second -r switch, use it too
         if ( defined ( $revision2 ) )
         {
-            ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
             $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $revision2);
-
-            unless ( defined ( $meta2 ) and $meta2->{filehash} ne "deleted" )
-            {
-                print "E File $filename at revision 1.$revision2 doesn't exist\n";
-                next;
-            }
-
-            transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
-        # otherwise we just use the working copy
-        else
+        elsif(defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename}))
         {
             $file2 = $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename};
+	    $meta2 = {
+                name => $filename,
+	        revision => '0',
+	        filehash => 'modified'
+            };
+        }
+        elsif( defined($wrev) && ($wrev!~/^-/) )
+        {
+            if(!defined($revision1))  # no revision and no modifications:
+            {
+                next;
+            }
+            $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
+        }
+        if(!defined($file2))
+        {
+            if ( !defined($meta2) ||
+                 $meta2->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+            {
+                if( !exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
+                {
+                    if(!defined($revision2))
+                    {
+                        print "E File $filename at revision $revision2 doesn't exist\n";
+                    }
+                    next;
+                }
+                elsif( !defined($meta2) )
+                {
+	            $meta2 = {
+                        name => $filename,
+	                revision => '0',
+	                filehash => 'deleted'
+                    };
+                }
+            }
         }
 
-        # if we have been given -r, and we don't have a $file2 yet, lets get one
-        if ( defined ( $revision1 ) and not defined ( $file2 ) )
+        if( $meta1->{filehash} eq $meta2->{filehash} )
+        {
+            $log->info("unchanged $filename");
+            next;
+        }
+
+        # Retrieve revision contents:
+        ( undef, $file1 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
+        transmitfile($meta1->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file1 });
+
+        if(!defined($file2))
         {
             ( undef, $file2 ) = tempfile( DIR => $TEMP_DIR, OPEN => 0 );
-            $meta2 = $updater->getmeta($filename, $wrev);
             transmitfile($meta2->{filehash}, { targetfile => $file2 });
         }
 
-        # We need to have retrieved something useful
-        next unless ( defined ( $meta1 ) );
-
-        # Files to date if the working copy and repo copy have the same revision, and the working copy is unmodified
-        next if ( not defined ( $meta2 ) and $wrev == $meta1->{revision}
-                  and
-                   ( ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{unchanged} and ( not defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} ) or $state->{entries}{$filename}{conflict} !~ /^\+=/ ) )
-                     or ( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash}) and $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_hash} eq $meta1->{filehash} ) )
-                  );
-
-        # Apparently we only show diffs for locally modified files
-        next unless ( defined($meta2) or defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{modified_filename} ) );
-
-        print "M Index: $filename\n";
-        print "M ===================================================================\n";
+        # Generate the actual diff:
+        print "M Index: $argFilename\n";
+        print "M =======" . ( "=" x 60 ) . "\n";
         print "M RCS file: $state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
-        print "M retrieving revision 1.$meta1->{revision}\n" if ( defined ( $meta1 ) );
-        print "M retrieving revision 1.$meta2->{revision}\n" if ( defined ( $meta2 ) );
+        if ( defined ( $meta1 ) && $meta1->{revision} ne "0" )
+        {
+            print "M retrieving revision $meta1->{revision}\n"
+        }
+        if ( defined ( $meta2 ) && $meta2->{revision} ne "0" )
+        {
+            print "M retrieving revision $meta2->{revision}\n"
+        }
         print "M diff ";
         foreach my $opt ( keys %{$state->{opt}} )
         {
@@ -1752,30 +2134,79 @@
                 }
             } else {
                 print "-$opt ";
-                print "$state->{opt}{$opt} " if ( defined ( $state->{opt}{$opt} ) );
+                if ( defined ( $state->{opt}{$opt} ) )
+                {
+                    print "$state->{opt}{$opt} "
+                }
             }
         }
-        print "$filename\n";
+        print "$argFilename\n";
 
-        $log->info("Diffing $filename -r $meta1->{revision} -r " . ( $meta2->{revision} or "workingcopy" ));
+        $log->info("Diffing $filename -r $meta1->{revision} -r " .
+                   ( $meta2->{revision} or "workingcopy" ));
 
-        ( $fh, $filediff ) = tempfile ( DIR => $TEMP_DIR );
+        # TODO: Use --label instead of -L because -L is no longer
+        #  documented and may go away someday.  Not sure if there there are
+        #  versions that only support -L, which would make this change risky?
+        #  http://osdir.com/ml/bug-gnu-utils-gnu/2010-12/msg00060.html
+        #    ("man diff" should actually document the best migration strategy,
+        #  [current behavior, future changes, old compatibility issues
+        #  or lack thereof, etc], not just stop mentioning the option...)
+        # TODO: Real CVS seems to include a date in the label, before
+        #  the revision part, without the keyword "revision".  The following
+        #  has minimal changes compared to original versions of
+        #  git-cvsserver.perl.  (Mostly tab vs space after filename.)
 
+        my (@diffCmd) = ( 'diff' );
+        if ( exists($state->{opt}{N}) )
+        {
+            push @diffCmd,"-N";
+        }
         if ( exists $state->{opt}{u} )
         {
-            system("diff -u -L '$filename revision 1.$meta1->{revision}' -L '$filename " . ( defined($meta2->{revision}) ? "revision 1.$meta2->{revision}" : "working copy" ) . "' $file1 $file2 > $filediff");
-        } else {
-            system("diff $file1 $file2 > $filediff");
-        }
+            push @diffCmd,("-u","-L");
+            if( $meta1->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+            {
+                push @diffCmd,"/dev/null";
+            } else {
+                push @diffCmd,("$argFilename\trevision $meta1->{revision}");
+            }
 
-        while ( <$fh> )
-        {
-            print "M $_";
+            if( defined($meta2->{filehash}) )
+            {
+                if( $meta2->{filehash} eq "deleted" )
+                {
+                    push @diffCmd,("-L","/dev/null");
+                } else {
+                    push @diffCmd,("-L",
+                                   "$argFilename\trevision $meta2->{revision}");
+                }
+            } else {
+                push @diffCmd,("-L","$argFilename\tworking copy");
+            }
         }
-        close $fh;
+        push @diffCmd,($file1,$file2);
+        if(!open(DIFF,"-|",@diffCmd))
+        {
+            $log->warn("Unable to run diff: $!");
+        }
+        my($diffLine);
+        while(defined($diffLine=<DIFF>))
+        {
+            print "M $diffLine";
+            $foundDiff=1;
+        }
+        close(DIFF);
     }
 
-    print "ok\n";
+    if($foundDiff)
+    {
+        print "error  \n";
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        print "ok\n";
+    }
 }
 
 sub req_log
@@ -1787,22 +2218,19 @@
     $log->debug("req_log : " . ( defined($data) ? $data : "[NULL]" ));
     #$log->debug("log state : " . Dumper($state));
 
-    my ( $minrev, $maxrev );
-    if ( defined ( $state->{opt}{r} ) and $state->{opt}{r} =~ /([\d.]+)?(::?)([\d.]+)?/ )
+    my ( $revFilter );
+    if ( defined ( $state->{opt}{r} ) )
     {
-        my $control = $2;
-        $minrev = $1;
-        $maxrev = $3;
-        $minrev =~ s/^1\.// if ( defined ( $minrev ) );
-        $maxrev =~ s/^1\.// if ( defined ( $maxrev ) );
-        $minrev++ if ( defined($minrev) and $control eq "::" );
+        $revFilter = $state->{opt}{r};
     }
 
     # Grab a handle to the SQLite db and do any necessary updates
-    my $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
+    my $updater;
+    $updater = GITCVS::updater->new($state->{CVSROOT}, $state->{module}, $log);
     $updater->update();
 
-    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we should be providing status on ...
+    # if no files were specified, we need to work out what files we
+    # should be providing status on ...
     argsfromdir($updater);
 
     # foreach file specified on the command line ...
@@ -1812,53 +2240,46 @@
 
         my $headmeta = $updater->getmeta($filename);
 
-        my $revisions = $updater->getlog($filename);
-        my $totalrevisions = scalar(@$revisions);
-
-        if ( defined ( $minrev ) )
-        {
-            $log->debug("Removing revisions less than $minrev");
-            while ( scalar(@$revisions) > 0 and $revisions->[-1]{revision} < $minrev )
-            {
-                pop @$revisions;
-            }
-        }
-        if ( defined ( $maxrev ) )
-        {
-            $log->debug("Removing revisions greater than $maxrev");
-            while ( scalar(@$revisions) > 0 and $revisions->[0]{revision} > $maxrev )
-            {
-                shift @$revisions;
-            }
-        }
+        my ($revisions,$totalrevisions) = $updater->getlog($filename,
+                                                           $revFilter);
 
         next unless ( scalar(@$revisions) );
 
         print "M \n";
         print "M RCS file: $state->{CVSROOT}/$state->{module}/$filename,v\n";
         print "M Working file: $filename\n";
-        print "M head: 1.$headmeta->{revision}\n";
+        print "M head: $headmeta->{revision}\n";
         print "M branch:\n";
         print "M locks: strict\n";
         print "M access list:\n";
         print "M symbolic names:\n";
         print "M keyword substitution: kv\n";
-        print "M total revisions: $totalrevisions;\tselected revisions: " . scalar(@$revisions) . "\n";
+        print "M total revisions: $totalrevisions;\tselected revisions: " .
+              scalar(@$revisions) . "\n";
         print "M description:\n";
 
         foreach my $revision ( @$revisions )
         {
             print "M ----------------------------\n";
-            print "M revision 1.$revision->{revision}\n";
+            print "M revision $revision->{revision}\n";
             # reformat the date for log output
-            $revision->{modified} = sprintf('%04d/%02d/%02d %s', $3, $DATE_LIST->{$2}, $1, $4 ) if ( $revision->{modified} =~ /(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/ and defined($DATE_LIST->{$2}) );
+            if ( $revision->{modified} =~ /(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\S+)/ and
+                 defined($DATE_LIST->{$2}) )
+            {
+                $revision->{modified} = sprintf('%04d/%02d/%02d %s',
+                                            $3, $DATE_LIST->{$2}, $1, $4 );
+            }
             $revision->{author} = cvs_author($revision->{author});
-            print "M date: $revision->{modified};  author: $revision->{author};  state: " . ( $revision->{filehash} eq "deleted" ? "dead" : "Exp" ) . ";  lines: +2 -3\n";
-            my $commitmessage = $updater->commitmessage($revision->{commithash});
+            print "M date: $revision->{modified};" .
+                  "  author: $revision->{author};  state: " .
+                  ( $revision->{filehash} eq "deleted" ? "dead" : "Exp" ) .
+                  ";  lines: +2 -3\n";
+            my $commitmessage;
+            $commitmessage = $updater->commitmessage($revision->{commithash});
             $commitmessage =~ s/^/M /mg;
             print $commitmessage . "\n";
         }
-        print "M =============================================================================\n";
+        print "M =======" . ( "=" x 70 ) . "\n";
     }
 
     print "ok\n";
@@ -1964,7 +2385,7 @@
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{author} = cvs_author($metadata->{$commithash}{author});
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{modified} = sprintf("%02d-%s-%02d", $1, $2, $3) if ( $metadata->{$commithash}{modified} =~ /^(\d+)\s(\w+)\s\d\d(\d\d)/ );
                 }
-                printf("M 1.%-5d      (%-8s %10s): %s\n",
+                printf("M %-7s      (%-8s %10s): %s\n",
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{revision},
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{author},
                     $metadata->{$commithash}{modified},
@@ -2005,7 +2426,7 @@
         $opt = { A => 0, N => 0, P => 0, R => 0, c => 0, f => 0, l => 0, n => 0, p => 0, s => 0, r => 1, D => 1, d => 1, k => 1, j => 1, } if ( $type eq "co" );
         $opt = { v => 0, l => 0, R => 0 } if ( $type eq "status" );
         $opt = { A => 0, P => 0, C => 0, d => 0, f => 0, l => 0, R => 0, p => 0, k => 1, r => 1, D => 1, j => 1, I => 1, W => 1 } if ( $type eq "update" );
-        $opt = { l => 0, R => 0, k => 1, D => 1, D => 1, r => 2 } if ( $type eq "diff" );
+        $opt = { l => 0, R => 0, k => 1, D => 1, D => 1, r => 2, N => 0 } if ( $type eq "diff" );
         $opt = { c => 0, R => 0, l => 0, f => 0, F => 1, m => 1, r => 1 } if ( $type eq "ci" );
         $opt = { k => 1, m => 1 } if ( $type eq "add" );
         $opt = { f => 0, l => 0, R => 0 } if ( $type eq "remove" );
@@ -2071,74 +2492,346 @@
     }
 }
 
-# This method uses $state->{directory} to populate $state->{args} with a list of filenames
+# Used by argsfromdir
+sub expandArg
+{
+    my ($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$path,$isDir) = @_;
+
+    my $fullPath = filecleanup($path);
+
+      # Is it a directory?
+    if( defined($state->{dirMap}{$fullPath}) ||
+        defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}) )
+    {
+          # It is a directory in the user's sandbox.
+        $isDir=1;
+
+        if(defined($state->{entries}{$fullPath}))
+        {
+            $log->fatal("Inconsistent file/dir type");
+            die "Inconsistent file/dir type";
+        }
+    }
+    elsif(defined($state->{entries}{$fullPath}))
+    {
+          # It is a file in the user's sandbox.
+        $isDir=0;
+    }
+    my($revDirMap,$otherRevDirMap);
+    if(!defined($isDir) || $isDir)
+    {
+          # Resolve version tree for sticky tag:
+          # (for now we only want list of files for the version, not
+          # particular versions of those files: assume it is a directory
+          # for the moment; ignore Entry's stick tag)
+
+          # Order of precedence of sticky tags:
+          #    -A       [head]
+          #    -r /tag/
+          #    [file entry sticky tag, but that is only relevant to files]
+          #    [the tag specified in dir req_Sticky]
+          #    [the tag specified in a parent dir req_Sticky]
+          #    [head]
+          # Also, -r may appear twice (for diff).
+          #
+          # FUTURE: When/if -j (merges) are supported, we also
+          #  need to add relevant files from one or two
+          #  versions specified with -j.
+
+        if(exists($state->{opt}{A}))
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap();
+        }
+        elsif( defined($state->{opt}{r}) and
+               ref $state->{opt}{r} eq "ARRAY" )
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r}[0]);
+            $otherRevDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r}[1]);
+        }
+        elsif(defined($state->{opt}{r}))
+        {
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($state->{opt}{r});
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            my($sticky)=getDirStickyInfo($fullPath);
+            $revDirMap=$updater->getRevisionDirMap($sticky->{tag});
+        }
+
+          # Is it a directory?
+        if( defined($revDirMap->{$fullPath}) ||
+            defined($otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath}) )
+        {
+            $isDir=1;
+        }
+    }
+
+      # What to do with it?
+    if(!$isDir)
+    {
+        $outNameMap->{$fullPath}=1;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $outDirMap->{$fullPath}=1;
+
+        if(defined($revDirMap->{$fullPath}))
+        {
+            addDirMapFiles($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,
+                           $revDirMap->{$fullPath});
+        }
+        if( defined($otherRevDirMap) &&
+            defined($otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath}) )
+        {
+            addDirMapFiles($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,
+                           $otherRevDirMap->{$fullPath});
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# Used by argsfromdir
+# Add entries from dirMap to outNameMap.  Also recurse into entries
+# that are subdirectories.
+sub addDirMapFiles
+{
+    my($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$dirMap)=@_;
+
+    my($fullName);
+    foreach $fullName (keys(%$dirMap))
+    {
+        my $cleanName=$fullName;
+        if(defined($state->{prependdir}))
+        {
+            if(!($cleanName=~s/^\Q$state->{prependdir}\E//))
+            {
+                $log->fatal("internal error stripping prependdir");
+                die "internal error stripping prependdir";
+            }
+        }
+
+        if($dirMap->{$fullName} eq "F")
+        {
+            $outNameMap->{$cleanName}=1;
+        }
+        elsif($dirMap->{$fullName} eq "D")
+        {
+            if(!$state->{opt}{l})
+            {
+                expandArg($updater,$outNameMap,$outDirMap,$cleanName,1);
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            $log->fatal("internal error in addDirMapFiles");
+            die "internal error in addDirMapFiles";
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+# This method replaces $state->{args} with a directory-expanded
+# list of all relevant filenames (recursively unless -d), based
+# on $state->{entries}, and the "current" list of files in
+# each directory.  "Current" files as determined by
+# either the requested (-r/-A) or "req_Sticky" version of
+# that directory.
+#    Both the input args and the new output args are relative
+# to the cvs-client's CWD, although some of the internal
+# computations are relative to the top of the project.
 sub argsfromdir
 {
     my $updater = shift;
 
-    $state->{args} = [] if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) == 1 and $state->{args}[0] eq "." );
+    # Notes about requirements for specific callers:
+    #   update # "standard" case (entries; a single -r/-A/default; -l)
+    #          # Special case: -d for create missing directories.
+    #   diff # 0 or 1 -r's: "standard" case.
+    #        # 2 -r's: We could ignore entries (just use the two -r's),
+    #        # but it doesn't really matter.
+    #   annotate # "standard" case
+    #   log # Punting: log -r has a more complex non-"standard"
+    #       # meaning, and we don't currently try to support log'ing
+    #       # branches at all (need a lot of work to
+    #       # support CVS-consistent branch relative version
+    #       # numbering).
+#HERE: But we still want to expand directories.  Maybe we should
+#  essentially force "-A".
+    #   status # "standard", except that -r/-A/default are not possible.
+    #          # Mostly only used to expand entries only)
+    #
+    # Don't use argsfromdir at all:
+    #   add # Explicit arguments required.  Directory args imply add
+    #       # the directory itself, not the files in it.
+    #   co  # Obtain list directly.
+    #   remove # HERE: TEST: MAYBE client does the recursion for us,
+    #          # since it only makes sense to remove stuff already in
+    #          # the sandobx?
+    #   ci # HERE: Similar to remove...
+    #      # Don't try to implement the confusing/weird
+    #      # ci -r bug er.."feature".
 
-    return if ( scalar ( @{$state->{args}} ) > 1 );
-
-    my @gethead = @{$updater->gethead};
-
-    # push added files
-    foreach my $file (keys %{$state->{entries}}) {
-	if ( exists $state->{entries}{$file}{revision} &&
-		$state->{entries}{$file}{revision} == 0 )
-	{
-	    push @gethead, { name => $file, filehash => 'added' };
-	}
-    }
-
-    if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) == 1 )
+    if(scalar(@{$state->{args}})==0)
     {
-        my $arg = $state->{args}[0];
-        $arg .= $state->{prependdir} if ( defined ( $state->{prependdir} ) );
+        $state->{args} = [ "." ];
+    }
+    my %allArgs;
+    my %allDirs;
+    for my $file (@{$state->{args}})
+    {
+        expandArg($updater,\%allArgs,\%allDirs,$file);
+    }
 
-        $log->info("Only one arg specified, checking for directory expansion on '$arg'");
+    # Include any entries from sandbox.  Generally client won't
+    # send entries that shouldn't be used.
+    foreach my $file (keys %{$state->{entries}})
+    {
+        $allArgs{remove_prependdir($file)} = 1;
+    }
 
-        foreach my $file ( @gethead )
+    $state->{dirArgs} = \%allDirs;
+    $state->{args} = [
+        sort {
+                # Sort priority: by directory depth, then actual file name:
+            my @piecesA=split('/',$a);
+            my @piecesB=split('/',$b);
+
+            my $count=scalar(@piecesA);
+            my $tmp=scalar(@piecesB);
+            return $count<=>$tmp if($count!=$tmp);
+
+            for($tmp=0;$tmp<$count;$tmp++)
+            {
+                if($piecesA[$tmp] ne $piecesB[$tmp])
+                {
+                    return $piecesA[$tmp] cmp $piecesB[$tmp]
+                }
+            }
+            return 0;
+        } keys(%allArgs) ];
+}
+
+## look up directory sticky tag, of either fullPath or a parent:
+sub getDirStickyInfo
+{
+    my($fullPath)=@_;
+
+    $fullPath=~s%/+$%%;
+    while($fullPath ne "" && !defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}))
+    {
+        $fullPath=~s%/?[^/]*$%%;
+    }
+
+    if( !defined($state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}) &&
+        ( $fullPath eq "" ||
+          $fullPath eq "." ) )
+    {
+        return $state->{dirMap}{""}{stickyInfo};
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        return $state->{dirMap}{"$fullPath/"}{stickyInfo};
+    }
+}
+
+# Resolve precedence of various ways of specifying which version of
+# a file you want.  Returns undef (for default head), or a ref to a hash
+# that contains "tag" and/or "date" keys.
+sub resolveStickyInfo
+{
+    my($filename,$stickyTag,$stickyDate,$reset) = @_;
+
+    # Order of precedence of sticky tags:
+    #    -A       [head]
+    #    -r /tag/
+    #    [file entry sticky tag]
+    #    [the tag specified in dir req_Sticky]
+    #    [the tag specified in a parent dir req_Sticky]
+    #    [head]
+
+    my $result;
+    if($reset)
+    {
+        # $result=undef;
+    }
+    elsif( defined($stickyTag) && $stickyTag ne "" )
+           # || ( defined($stickyDate) && $stickyDate ne "" )   # TODO
+    {
+        $result={ 'tag' => (defined($stickyTag)?$stickyTag:undef) };
+
+        # TODO: Convert -D value into the form 2011.04.10.04.46.57,
+        #   similar to an entry line's sticky date, without the D prefix.
+        #   It sometimes (always?) arrives as something more like
+        #   '10 Apr 2011 04:46:57 -0000'...
+        # $result={ 'date' => (defined($stickyDate)?$stickyDate:undef) };
+    }
+    elsif( defined($state->{entries}{$filename}) &&
+           defined($state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date}) &&
+           $state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date} ne "" )
+    {
+        my($tagOrDate)=$state->{entries}{$filename}{tag_or_date};
+        if($tagOrDate=~/^T([^ ]+)\s*$/)
         {
-            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" and not defined ( $state->{entries}{$file->{name}} ) );
-            next unless ( $file->{name} =~ /^$arg\// or $file->{name} eq $arg  );
-            push @{$state->{args}}, $file->{name};
+            $result = { 'tag' => $1 };
         }
-
-        shift @{$state->{args}} if ( scalar(@{$state->{args}}) > 1 );
-    } else {
-        $log->info("Only one arg specified, populating file list automatically");
-
-        $state->{args} = [];
-
-        foreach my $file ( @gethead )
+        elsif($tagOrDate=~/^D([0-9.]+)\s*$/)
         {
-            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" and not defined ( $state->{entries}{$file->{name}} ) );
-            next unless ( $file->{name} =~ s/^$state->{prependdir}// );
-            push @{$state->{args}}, $file->{name};
+            $result= { 'date' => $1 };
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            die "Unknown tag_or_date format\n";
         }
     }
+    else
+    {
+        $result=getDirStickyInfo($filename);
+    }
+
+    return $result;
+}
+
+# Convert a stickyInfo (ref to a hash) as returned by resolveStickyInfo into
+# a form appropriate for the sticky tag field of an Entries
+# line (field index 5, 0-based).
+sub getStickyTagOrDate
+{
+    my($stickyInfo)=@_;
+
+    my $result;
+    if(defined($stickyInfo) && defined($stickyInfo->{tag}))
+    {
+        $result="T$stickyInfo->{tag}";
+    }
+    # TODO: When/if we actually pick versions by {date} properly,
+    #   also handle it here:
+    #   "D$stickyInfo->{date}" (example: "D2011.04.13.20.37.07").
+    else
+    {
+        $result="";
+    }
+
+    return $result;
 }
 
 # This method cleans up the $state variable after a command that uses arguments has run
 sub statecleanup
 {
     $state->{files} = [];
+    $state->{dirArgs} = {};
     $state->{args} = [];
     $state->{arguments} = [];
     $state->{entries} = {};
+    $state->{dirMap} = {};
 }
 
+# Return working directory CVS revision "1.X" out
+# of the the working directory "entries" state, for the given filename.
+# This is prefixed with a dash if the file is scheduled for removal
+# when it is committed.
 sub revparse
 {
     my $filename = shift;
 
-    return undef unless ( defined ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} ) );
-
-    return $1 if ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} =~ /^1\.(\d+)/ );
-    return -$1 if ( $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision} =~ /^-1\.(\d+)/ );
-
-    return undef;
+    return $state->{entries}{$filename}{revision};
 }
 
 # This method takes a file hash and does a CVS "file transfer".  Its
@@ -2217,6 +2910,9 @@
     return ( $filepart, $dirpart );
 }
 
+# Cleanup various junk in filename (try to canonicalize it), and
+# add prependdir to accomodate running CVS client from a
+# subdirectory (so the output is relative to top directory of the project).
 sub filecleanup
 {
     my $filename = shift;
@@ -2228,11 +2924,36 @@
         return undef;
     }
 
+    if($filename eq ".")
+    {
+        $filename="";
+    }
     $filename =~ s/^\.\///g;
+    $filename =~ s%/+%/%g;
     $filename = $state->{prependdir} . $filename;
+    $filename =~ s%/$%%;
     return $filename;
 }
 
+# Remove prependdir from the path, so that is is relative to the directory
+# the CVS client was started from, rather than the top of the project.
+# Essentially the inverse of filecleanup().
+sub remove_prependdir
+{
+    my($path) = @_;
+    if(defined($state->{prependdir}) && $state->{prependdir} ne "")
+    {
+        my($pre)=$state->{prependdir};
+        $pre=~s%/$%%;
+        if(!($path=~s%^\Q$pre\E/?%%))
+        {
+            $log->fatal("internal error missing prependdir");
+            die("internal error missing prependdir");
+        }
+    }
+    return $path;
+}
+
 sub validateGitDir
 {
     if( !defined($state->{CVSROOT}) )
@@ -2444,42 +3165,14 @@
         }
         elsif( ($cfg->{gitcvs}{allbinary} =~ /^\s*guess\s*$/i) )
         {
-            if( $srcType eq "sha1Or-k" &&
-                !defined($name) )
+            if( is_binary($srcType,$name) )
             {
-                my ($ret)=$state->{entries}{$path}{options};
-                if( !defined($ret) )
-                {
-                    $ret=$state->{opt}{k};
-                    if(defined($ret))
-                    {
-                        $ret="-k$ret";
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        $ret="";
-                    }
-                }
-                if( ! ($ret=~/^(|-kb|-kkv|-kkvl|-kk|-ko|-kv)$/) )
-                {
-                    print "E Bad -k option\n";
-                    $log->warn("Bad -k option: $ret");
-                    die "Error: Bad -k option: $ret\n";
-                }
-
-                return $ret;
+                $log->debug("... as binary");
+                return "-kb";
             }
             else
             {
-                if( is_binary($srcType,$name) )
-                {
-                    $log->debug("... as binary");
-                    return "-kb";
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    $log->debug("... as text");
-                }
+                $log->debug("... as text");
             }
         }
     }
@@ -2586,7 +3279,7 @@
             die "Unable to open file $name: $!\n";
         }
     }
-    elsif( $srcType eq "sha1" || $srcType eq "sha1Or-k" )
+    elsif( $srcType eq "sha1" )
     {
         unless ( defined ( $name ) and $name =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ )
         {
@@ -2674,6 +3367,45 @@
     return $ret;
 }
 
+# Test if the (deep) values of two references to a hash are the same.
+sub refHashEqual
+{
+    my($v1,$v2) = @_;
+
+    my $out;
+    if(!defined($v1))
+    {
+        if(!defined($v2))
+        {
+            $out=1;
+        }
+    }
+    elsif( !defined($v2) ||
+           scalar(keys(%{$v1})) != scalar(keys(%{$v2})) )
+    {
+        # $out=undef;
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        $out=1;
+
+        my $key;
+        foreach $key (keys(%{$v1}))
+        {
+            if( !exists($v2->{$key}) ||
+                defined($v1->{$key}) ne defined($v2->{$key}) ||
+                ( defined($v1->{$key}) &&
+                  $v1->{$key} ne $v2->{$key} ) )
+            {
+               $out=undef;
+               last;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $out;
+}
+
 
 package GITCVS::log;
 
@@ -2894,6 +3626,9 @@
 
     die "Git repo '$self->{git_path}' doesn't exist" unless ( -d $self->{git_path} );
 
+    # Stores full sha1's for various branch/tag names, abbreviations, etc:
+    $self->{commitRefCache} = {};
+
     $self->{dbdriver} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbdriver} ||
         $cfg->{gitcvs}{dbdriver} || "SQLite";
     $self->{dbname} = $cfg->{gitcvs}{$state->{method}}{dbname} ||
@@ -2929,6 +3664,16 @@
     }
 
     # Construct the revision table if required
+    # The revision table stores an entry for each file, each time that file
+    # changes.
+    #   numberOfRecords = O( numCommits * averageNumChangedFilesPerCommit )
+    # This is not sufficient to support "-r {commithash}" for any
+    # files except files that were modified by that commit (also,
+    # some places in the code ignore/effectively strip out -r in
+    # some cases, before it gets passed to getmeta()).
+    # The "filehash" field typically has a git blob hash, but can also
+    # be set to "dead" to indicate that the given version of the file
+    # should not exist in the sandbox.
     unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("revision")} )
     {
         my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
@@ -2956,6 +3701,15 @@
     }
 
     # Construct the head table if required
+    # The head table (along with the "last_commit" entry in the property
+    # table) is the persisted working state of the "sub update" subroutine.
+    # All of it's data is read entirely first, and completely recreated
+    # last, every time "sub update" runs.
+    # This is also used by "sub getmeta" when it is asked for the latest
+    # version of a file (as opposed to some specific version).
+    # Another way of thinking about it is as a single slice out of
+    # "revisions", giving just the most recent revision information for
+    # each file.
     unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("head")} )
     {
         my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
@@ -2978,6 +3732,7 @@
     }
 
     # Construct the properties table if required
+    #  - "last_commit" - Used by "sub update".
     unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("properties")} )
     {
         my $tablename = $self->tablename("properties");
@@ -2990,6 +3745,11 @@
     }
 
     # Construct the commitmsgs table if required
+    # The commitmsgs table is only used for merge commits, since
+    # "sub update" will only keep one branch of parents.  Shortlogs
+    # for ignored commits (i.e. not on the chosen branch) will be used
+    # to construct a replacement "collapsed" merge commit message,
+    # which will be stored in this table.  See also "sub commitmessage".
     unless ( $self->{tables}{$self->tablename("commitmsgs")} )
     {
         my $tablename = $self->tablename("commitmsgs");
@@ -3021,6 +3781,14 @@
 
 =head2 update
 
+Bring the database up to date with the latest changes from
+the git repository.
+
+Internal working state is read out of the "head" table and the
+"last_commit" property, then it updates "revisions" based on that, and
+finally it writes the new internal state back to the "head" table
+so it can be used as a starting point the next time update is called.
+
 =cut
 sub update
 {
@@ -3043,6 +3811,8 @@
     my $lastcommit = $self->_get_prop("last_commit");
 
     if (defined $lastcommit && $lastcommit eq $commitsha1) { # up-to-date
+         # invalidate the gethead cache
+         $self->clearCommitRefCaches();
          return 1;
     }
 
@@ -3060,45 +3830,10 @@
         push @git_log_params, $self->{module};
     }
     # git-rev-list is the backend / plumbing version of git-log
-    open(GITLOG, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list', @git_log_params) or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
-
-    my @commits;
-
-    my %commit = ();
-
-    while ( <GITLOG> )
-    {
-        chomp;
-        if (m/^commit\s+(.*)$/) {
-            # on ^commit lines put the just seen commit in the stack
-            # and prime things for the next one
-            if (keys %commit) {
-                my %copy = %commit;
-                unshift @commits, \%copy;
-                %commit = ();
-            }
-            my @parents = split(m/\s+/, $1);
-            $commit{hash} = shift @parents;
-            $commit{parents} = \@parents;
-        } elsif (m/^(\w+?):\s+(.*)$/ && !exists($commit{message})) {
-            # on rfc822-like lines seen before we see any message,
-            # lowercase the entry and put it in the hash as key-value
-            $commit{lc($1)} = $2;
-        } else {
-            # message lines - skip initial empty line
-            # and trim whitespace
-            if (!exists($commit{message}) && m/^\s*$/) {
-                # define it to mark the end of headers
-                $commit{message} = '';
-                next;
-            }
-            s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//; # trim ws
-            $commit{message} .= $_ . "\n";
-        }
-    }
-    close GITLOG;
-
-    unshift @commits, \%commit if ( keys %commit );
+    open(my $gitLogPipe, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list', @git_log_params)
+                or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
+    my @commits=readCommits($gitLogPipe);
+    close $gitLogPipe;
 
     # Now all the commits are in the @commits bucket
     # ordered by time DESC. for each commit that needs processing,
@@ -3116,7 +3851,7 @@
     my $commitcount = 0;
 
     # Load the head table into $head (for cached lookups during the update process)
-    foreach my $file ( @{$self->gethead()} )
+    foreach my $file ( @{$self->gethead(1)} )
     {
         $head->{$file->{name}} = $file;
     }
@@ -3134,17 +3869,18 @@
                 next;
             } elsif (@{$commit->{parents}} > 1) {
                 # it is a merge commit, for each parent that is
-                # not $lastpicked, see if we can get a log
+                # not $lastpicked (not given a CVS revision number),
+                # see if we can get a log
                 # from the merge-base to that parent to put it
                 # in the message as a merge summary.
                 my @parents = @{$commit->{parents}};
                 foreach my $parent (@parents) {
-                    # git-merge-base can potentially (but rarely) throw
-                    # several candidate merge bases. let's assume
-                    # that the first one is the best one.
                     if ($parent eq $lastpicked) {
                         next;
                     }
+                    # git-merge-base can potentially (but rarely) throw
+                    # several candidate merge bases. let's assume
+                    # that the first one is the best one.
 		    my $base = eval {
 			    safe_pipe_capture('git', 'merge-base',
 						 $lastpicked, $parent);
@@ -3196,7 +3932,7 @@
         }
 
         # convert the date to CVS-happy format
-        $commit->{date} = "$2 $1 $4 $3 $5" if ( $commit->{date} =~ /^\w+\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+:\d+:\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+([+-]\d+)$/ );
+        my $cvsDate = convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
 
         if ( defined ( $lastpicked ) )
         {
@@ -3205,7 +3941,7 @@
             while ( <FILELIST> )
             {
 		chomp;
-                unless ( /^:\d{6}\s+\d{3}(\d)\d{2}\s+[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]{40})\s+(\w)$/o )
+                unless ( /^:\d{6}\s+([0-7]{6})\s+[a-f0-9]{40}\s+([a-f0-9]{40})\s+(\w)$/o )
                 {
                     die("Couldn't process git-diff-tree line : $_");
                 }
@@ -3215,11 +3951,7 @@
 
                 # $log->debug("File mode=$mode, hash=$hash, change=$change, name=$name");
 
-                my $git_perms = "";
-                $git_perms .= "r" if ( $mode & 4 );
-                $git_perms .= "w" if ( $mode & 2 );
-                $git_perms .= "x" if ( $mode & 1 );
-                $git_perms = "rw" if ( $git_perms eq "" );
+                my $dbMode = convertToDbMode($mode);
 
                 if ( $change eq "D" )
                 {
@@ -3229,11 +3961,11 @@
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} + 1,
                         filehash => "deleted",
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 elsif ( $change eq "M" || $change eq "T" )
                 {
@@ -3243,11 +3975,11 @@
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} + 1,
                         filehash => $hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 elsif ( $change eq "A" )
                 {
@@ -3257,11 +3989,11 @@
                         revision => $head->{$name}{revision} ? $head->{$name}{revision}+1 : 1,
                         filehash => $hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
-                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($name, $head->{$name}{revision}, $hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
                 else
                 {
@@ -3284,7 +4016,7 @@
                     die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
                 }
 
-                my ( $git_perms, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
+                my ( $mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
 
                 $seen_files->{$git_filename} = 1;
 
@@ -3294,18 +4026,10 @@
                     $head->{$git_filename}{mode}
                 );
 
-                if ( $git_perms =~ /^\d\d\d(\d)\d\d/o )
-                {
-                    $git_perms = "";
-                    $git_perms .= "r" if ( $1 & 4 );
-                    $git_perms .= "w" if ( $1 & 2 );
-                    $git_perms .= "x" if ( $1 & 1 );
-                } else {
-                    $git_perms = "rw";
-                }
+                my $dbMode = convertToDbMode($mode);
 
                 # unless the file exists with the same hash, we need to update it ...
-                unless ( defined($oldhash) and $oldhash eq $git_hash and defined($oldmode) and $oldmode eq $git_perms )
+                unless ( defined($oldhash) and $oldhash eq $git_hash and defined($oldmode) and $oldmode eq $dbMode )
                 {
                     my $newrevision = ( $oldrevision or 0 ) + 1;
 
@@ -3314,13 +4038,13 @@
                         revision => $newrevision,
                         filehash => $git_hash,
                         commithash => $commit->{hash},
-                        modified => $commit->{date},
+                        modified => $cvsDate,
                         author => $commit->{author},
-                        mode => $git_perms,
+                        mode => $dbMode,
                     };
 
 
-                    $self->insert_rev($git_filename, $newrevision, $git_hash, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $git_perms);
+                    $self->insert_rev($git_filename, $newrevision, $git_hash, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $dbMode);
                 }
             }
             close FILELIST;
@@ -3333,10 +4057,10 @@
                     $head->{$file}{revision}++;
                     $head->{$file}{filehash} = "deleted";
                     $head->{$file}{commithash} = $commit->{hash};
-                    $head->{$file}{modified} = $commit->{date};
+                    $head->{$file}{modified} = $cvsDate;
                     $head->{$file}{author} = $commit->{author};
 
-                    $self->insert_rev($file, $head->{$file}{revision}, $head->{$file}{filehash}, $commit->{hash}, $commit->{date}, $commit->{author}, $head->{$file}{mode});
+                    $self->insert_rev($file, $head->{$file}{revision}, $head->{$file}{filehash}, $commit->{hash}, $cvsDate, $commit->{author}, $head->{$file}{mode});
                 }
             }
             # END : "Detect deleted files"
@@ -3367,13 +4091,94 @@
         );
     }
     # invalidate the gethead cache
-    $self->{gethead_cache} = undef;
+    $self->clearCommitRefCaches();
 
 
     # Ending exclusive lock here
     $self->{dbh}->commit() or die "Failed to commit changes to SQLite";
 }
 
+sub readCommits
+{
+    my $pipeHandle = shift;
+    my @commits;
+
+    my %commit = ();
+
+    while ( <$pipeHandle> )
+    {
+        chomp;
+        if (m/^commit\s+(.*)$/) {
+            # on ^commit lines put the just seen commit in the stack
+            # and prime things for the next one
+            if (keys %commit) {
+                my %copy = %commit;
+                unshift @commits, \%copy;
+                %commit = ();
+            }
+            my @parents = split(m/\s+/, $1);
+            $commit{hash} = shift @parents;
+            $commit{parents} = \@parents;
+        } elsif (m/^(\w+?):\s+(.*)$/ && !exists($commit{message})) {
+            # on rfc822-like lines seen before we see any message,
+            # lowercase the entry and put it in the hash as key-value
+            $commit{lc($1)} = $2;
+        } else {
+            # message lines - skip initial empty line
+            # and trim whitespace
+            if (!exists($commit{message}) && m/^\s*$/) {
+                # define it to mark the end of headers
+                $commit{message} = '';
+                next;
+            }
+            s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//; # trim ws
+            $commit{message} .= $_ . "\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+    unshift @commits, \%commit if ( keys %commit );
+
+    return @commits;
+}
+
+sub convertToCvsDate
+{
+    my $date = shift;
+    # Convert from: "git rev-list --pretty" formatted date
+    # Convert to: "the format specified by RFC822 as modified by RFC1123."
+    # Example: 26 May 1997 13:01:40 -0400
+    if( $date =~ /^\w+\s+(\w+)\s+(\d+)\s+(\d+:\d+:\d+)\s+(\d+)\s+([+-]\d+)$/ )
+    {
+        $date = "$2 $1 $4 $3 $5";
+    }
+
+    return $date;
+}
+
+sub convertToDbMode
+{
+    my $mode = shift;
+
+    # NOTE: The CVS protocol uses a string similar "u=rw,g=rw,o=rw",
+    #  but the database "mode" column historically (and currently)
+    #  only stores the "rw" (for user) part of the string.
+    #    FUTURE: It might make more sense to persist the raw
+    #  octal mode (or perhaps the final full CVS form) instead of
+    #  this half-converted form, but it isn't currently worth the
+    #  backwards compatibility headaches.
+
+    $mode=~/^\d\d(\d)\d{3}$/;
+    my $userBits=$1;
+
+    my $dbMode = "";
+    $dbMode .= "r" if ( $userBits & 4 );
+    $dbMode .= "w" if ( $userBits & 2 );
+    $dbMode .= "x" if ( $userBits & 1 );
+    $dbMode = "rw" if ( $dbMode eq "" );
+
+    return $dbMode;
+}
+
 sub insert_rev
 {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -3426,19 +4231,6 @@
     $insert_head->execute($name, $revision, $filehash, $commithash, $modified, $author, $mode);
 }
 
-sub _headrev
-{
-    my $self = shift;
-    my $filename = shift;
-    my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
-
-    my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT filehash, revision, mode FROM $tablename WHERE name=?",{},1);
-    $db_query->execute($filename);
-    my ( $hash, $revision, $mode ) = $db_query->fetchrow_array;
-
-    return ( $hash, $revision, $mode );
-}
-
 sub _get_prop
 {
     my $self = shift;
@@ -3478,6 +4270,7 @@
 sub gethead
 {
     my $self = shift;
+    my $intRev = shift;
     my $tablename = $self->tablename("head");
 
     return $self->{gethead_cache} if ( defined ( $self->{gethead_cache} ) );
@@ -3488,6 +4281,10 @@
     my $tree = [];
     while ( my $file = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref )
     {
+        if(!$intRev)
+        {
+            $file->{revision} = "1.$file->{revision}"
+        }
         push @$tree, $file;
     }
 
@@ -3496,26 +4293,222 @@
     return $tree;
 }
 
+=head2 getAnyHead
+
+Returns a reference to an array of getmeta structures, one
+per file in the specified tree hash.
+
+=cut
+
+sub getAnyHead
+{
+    my ($self,$hash) = @_;
+
+    if(!defined($hash))
+    {
+        return $self->gethead();
+    }
+
+    my @files;
+    {
+        open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $hash)
+                or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+        local $/ = "\0";
+        @files=<$filePipe>;
+        close $filePipe;
+    }
+
+    my $tree=[];
+    my($line);
+    foreach $line (@files)
+    {
+        $line=~s/\0$//;
+        unless ( $line=~/^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+        {
+            die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
+        }
+
+        my($mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+        push @$tree, $self->getMetaFromCommithash($git_filename,$hash);
+    }
+
+    return $tree;
+}
+
+=head2 getRevisionDirMap
+
+A "revision dir map" contains all the plain-file filenames associated
+with a particular revision (treeish), organized by directory:
+
+  $type = $out->{$dir}{$fullName}
+
+The type of each is "F" (for ordinary file) or "D" (for directory,
+for which the map $out->{$fullName} will also exist).
+
+=cut
+
+sub getRevisionDirMap
+{
+    my ($self,$ver)=@_;
+
+    if(!defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}))
+    {
+        $self->{revisionDirMapCache}={};
+    }
+
+        # Get file list (previously cached results are dependent on HEAD,
+        # but are early in each case):
+    my $cacheKey;
+    my (@fileList);
+    if( !defined($ver) || $ver eq "" )
+    {
+        $cacheKey="";
+        if( defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}) )
+        {
+            return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+        }
+
+        my @head = @{$self->gethead()};
+        foreach my $file ( @head )
+        {
+            next if ( $file->{filehash} eq "deleted" );
+
+            push @fileList,$file->{name};
+        }
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        my ($hash)=$self->lookupCommitRef($ver);
+        if( !defined($hash) )
+        {
+            return undef;
+        }
+
+        $cacheKey=$hash;
+        if( defined($self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}) )
+        {
+            return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+        }
+
+        open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z', '-r', $hash)
+                or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+        local $/ = "\0";
+        while ( <$filePipe> )
+        {
+            chomp;
+            unless ( /^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+            {
+                die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $_");
+            }
+
+            my($mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename) = ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+
+            push @fileList, $git_filename;
+        }
+        close $filePipe;
+    }
+
+        # Convert to normalized form:
+    my %revMap;
+    my $file;
+    foreach $file (@fileList)
+    {
+        my($dir) = ($file=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+        $dir='' if(!defined($dir));
+
+            # parent directories:
+            # ... create empty dir maps for parent dirs:
+        my($td)=$dir;
+        while(!defined($revMap{$td}))
+        {
+            $revMap{$td}={};
+
+            my($tp)=($td=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+            $tp='' if(!defined($tp));
+            $td=$tp;
+        }
+            # ... add children to parent maps (now that they exist):
+        $td=$dir;
+        while($td ne "")
+        {
+            my($tp)=($td=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*)$%);
+            $tp='' if(!defined($tp));
+
+            if(defined($revMap{$tp}{$td}))
+            {
+                if($revMap{$tp}{$td} ne 'D')
+                {
+                    die "Weird file/directory inconsistency in $cacheKey";
+                }
+                last;   # loop exit
+            }
+            $revMap{$tp}{$td}='D';
+
+            $td=$tp;
+        }
+
+            # file
+        $revMap{$dir}{$file}='F';
+    }
+
+        # Save in cache:
+    $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey}=\%revMap;
+    return $self->{revisionDirMapCache}{$cacheKey};
+}
+
 =head2 getlog
 
+See also gethistorydense().
+
 =cut
 
 sub getlog
 {
     my $self = shift;
     my $filename = shift;
+    my $revFilter = shift;
+
     my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
 
+    # Filters:
+    # TODO: date, state, or by specific logins filters?
+    # TODO: Handle comma-separated list of revFilter items, each item
+    #   can be a range [only case currently handled] or individual
+    #   rev or branch or "branch.".
+    # TODO: Adjust $db_query WHERE clause based on revFilter, instead of
+    #   manually filtering the results of the query?
+    my ( $minrev, $maxrev );
+    if( defined($revFilter) and
+        $state->{opt}{r} =~ /^(1.(\d+))?(::?)(1.(\d.+))?$/ )
+    {
+        my $control = $3;
+        $minrev = $2;
+        $maxrev = $5;
+        $minrev++ if ( defined($minrev) and $control eq "::" );
+    }
+
     my $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT name, filehash, author, mode, revision, modified, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
 
+    my $totalRevs=0;
     my $tree = [];
     while ( my $file = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref )
     {
+        $totalRevs++;
+        if( defined($minrev) and $file->{revision} < $minrev )
+        {
+            next;
+        }
+        if( defined($maxrev) and $file->{revision} > $maxrev )
+        {
+            next;
+        }
+
+        $file->{revision} = "1." . $file->{revision};
         push @$tree, $file;
     }
 
-    return $tree;
+    return ($tree,$totalRevs);
 }
 
 =head2 getmeta
@@ -3523,6 +4516,19 @@
 This function takes a filename (with path) argument and returns a hashref of
 metadata for that file.
 
+There are several ways $revision can be specified:
+
+   - A reference to hash that contains a "tag" that is the
+     actual revision (one of the below).  TODO: Also allow it to
+     specify a "date" in the hash.
+   - undef, to refer to the latest version on the main branch.
+   - Full CVS client revision number (mapped to integer in DB, without the
+     "1." prefix),
+   - Complex CVS-compatible "special" revision number for
+     non-linear history (see comment below)
+   - git commit sha1 hash
+   - branch or tag name
+
 =cut
 
 sub getmeta
@@ -3533,22 +4539,347 @@
     my $tablename_rev = $self->tablename("revision");
     my $tablename_head = $self->tablename("head");
 
-    my $db_query;
-    if ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^\d+$/ )
+    if ( ref($revision) eq "HASH" )
     {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND revision=?",{},1);
-        $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
-    }
-    elsif ( defined($revision) and $revision =~ /^[a-zA-Z0-9]{40}$/ )
-    {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",{},1);
-        $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
-    } else {
-        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT * FROM $tablename_head WHERE name=?",{},1);
-        $db_query->execute($filename);
+        $revision = $revision->{tag};
     }
 
-    return $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+    # Overview of CVS revision numbers:
+    #
+    # General CVS numbering scheme:
+    #   - Basic mainline branch numbers: "1.1", "1.2", "1.3", etc.
+    #   - Result of "cvs checkin -r" (possible, but not really
+    #     recommended): "2.1", "2.2", etc
+    #   - Branch tag: "1.2.0.n", where "1.2" is revision it was branched
+    #     from, "0" is a magic placeholder that identifies it as a
+    #     branch tag instead of a version tag, and n is 2 times the
+    #     branch number off of "1.2", starting with "2".
+    #   - Version on a branch: "1.2.n.x", where "1.2" is branch-from, "n"
+    #     is branch number off of "1.2" (like n above), and "x" is
+    #     the version number on the branch.
+    #   - Branches can branch off of branches: "1.3.2.7.4.1" (even number
+    #     of components).
+    #   - Odd "n"s are used by "vendor branches" that result
+    #     from "cvs import".  Vendor branches have additional
+    #     strangeness in the sense that the main rcs "head" of the main
+    #     branch will (temporarily until first normal commit) point
+    #     to the version on the vendor branch, rather than the actual
+    #     main branch.  (FUTURE: This may provide an opportunity
+    #     to use "strange" revision numbers for fast-forward-merged
+    #     branch tip when CVS client is asking for the main branch.)
+    #
+    # git-cvsserver CVS-compatible special numbering schemes:
+    #   - Currently git-cvsserver only tries to be identical to CVS for
+    #     simple "1.x" numbers on the "main" branch (as identified
+    #     by the module name that was originally cvs checkout'ed).
+    #   - The database only stores the "x" part, for historical reasons.
+    #     But most of the rest of the cvsserver preserves
+    #     and thinks using the full revision number.
+    #   - To handle non-linear history, it uses a version of the form
+    #     "2.1.1.2000.b.b.b."..., where the 2.1.1.2000 is to help uniquely
+    #     identify this as a special revision number, and there are
+    #     20 b's that together encode the sha1 git commit from which
+    #     this version of this file originated.  Each b is
+    #     the numerical value of the corresponding byte plus
+    #     100.
+    #      - "plus 100" avoids "0"s, and also reduces the
+    #        likelyhood of a collision in the case that someone someday
+    #        writes an import tool that tries to preserve original
+    #        CVS revision numbers, and the original CVS data had done
+    #        lots of branches off of branches and other strangeness to
+    #        end up with a real version number that just happens to look
+    #        like this special revision number form.  Also, if needed
+    #        there are several ways to extend/identify alternative encodings
+    #        within the "2.1.1.2000" part if necessary.
+    #      - Unlike real CVS revisions, you can't really reconstruct what
+    #        relation a revision of this form has to other revisions.
+    #   - FUTURE: TODO: Rework database somehow to make up and remember
+    #     fully-CVS-compatible branches and branch version numbers.
+
+    my $meta;
+    if ( defined($revision) )
+    {
+        if ( $revision =~ /^1\.(\d+)$/ )
+        {
+            my ($intRev) = $1;
+            my $db_query;
+            $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND revision=?",
+                {},1);
+            $db_query->execute($filename, $intRev);
+            $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+        }
+        elsif ( $revision =~ /^2\.1\.1\.2000(\.[1-3][0-9][0-9]){20}$/ )
+        {
+            my ($commitHash)=($revision=~/^2\.1\.1\.2000(.*)$/);
+            $commitHash=~s/\.([0-9]+)/sprintf("%02x",$1-100)/eg;
+            if($commitHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$commitHash);
+            }
+
+            # error recovery: fall back on head version below
+            print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision or commit=$commitHash\n";
+            $log->warning("failed get $revision with commithash=$commitHash");
+            undef $revision;
+        }
+        elsif ( $revision =~ /^[0-9a-f]{40}$/ )
+        {
+            # Try DB first.  This is mostly only useful for req_annotate(),
+            # which only calls this for stuff that should already be in
+            # the DB.  It is fairly likely to be a waste of time
+            # in most other cases [unless the file happened to be
+            # modified in $revision specifically], but
+            # it is probably in the noise compared to how long
+            # getMetaFromCommithash() will take.
+            my $db_query;
+            $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",
+                {},1);
+            $db_query->execute($filename, $revision);
+            $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+
+            if(! $meta)
+            {
+                my($revCommit)=$self->lookupCommitRef($revision);
+                if($revCommit=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+                {
+                    return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$revCommit);
+                }
+
+                # error recovery: nothing found:
+                print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision\n";
+                $log->warning("failed get $revision");
+                return $meta;
+            }
+        }
+        else
+        {
+            my($revCommit)=$self->lookupCommitRef($revision);
+            if($revCommit=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/)
+            {
+                return $self->getMetaFromCommithash($filename,$revCommit);
+            }
+
+            # error recovery: fall back on head version below
+            print "E Failed to find $filename version=$revision\n";
+            $log->warning("failed get $revision");
+            undef $revision;  # Allow fallback
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(!defined($revision))
+    {
+        my $db_query;
+        $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+                "SELECT * FROM $tablename_head WHERE name=?",{},1);
+        $db_query->execute($filename);
+        $meta = $db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+    }
+
+    if($meta)
+    {
+        $meta->{revision} = "1.$meta->{revision}";
+    }
+    return $meta;
+}
+
+sub getMetaFromCommithash
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $filename = shift;
+    my $revCommit = shift;
+
+    # NOTE: This function doesn't scale well (lots of forks), especially
+    #   if you have many files that have not been modified for many commits
+    #   (each git-rev-parse redoes a lot of work for each file
+    #   that theoretically could be done in parallel by smarter
+    #   graph traversal).
+    #
+    # TODO: Possible optimization strategies:
+    #   - Solve the issue of assigning and remembering "real" CVS
+    #     revision numbers for branches, and ensure the
+    #     data structure can do this efficiently.  Perhaps something
+    #     similar to "git notes", and carefully structured to take
+    #     advantage same-sha1-is-same-contents, to roll the same
+    #     unmodified subdirectory data onto multiple commits?
+    #   - Write and use a C tool that is like git-blame, but
+    #     operates on multiple files with file granularity, instead
+    #     of one file with line granularity.  Cache
+    #     most-recently-modified in $self->{commitRefCache}{$revCommit}.
+    #     Try to be intelligent about how many files we do with
+    #     one fork (perhaps one directory at a time, without recursion,
+    #     and/or include directory as one line item, recurse from here
+    #     instead of in C tool?).
+    #   - Perhaps we could ask the DB for (filename,fileHash),
+    #     and just guess that it is correct (that the file hadn't
+    #     changed between $revCommit and the found commit, then
+    #     changed back, confusing anything trying to interpret
+    #     history).  Probably need to add another index to revisions
+    #     DB table for this.
+    #   - NOTE: Trying to store all (commit,file) keys in DB [to
+    #     find "lastModfiedCommit] (instead of
+    #     just files that changed in each commit as we do now) is
+    #     probably not practical from a disk space perspective.
+
+        # Does the file exist in $revCommit?
+    # TODO: Include file hash in dirmap cache.
+    my($dirMap)=$self->getRevisionDirMap($revCommit);
+    my($dir,$file)=($filename=~m%^(?:(.*)/)?([^/]*$)%);
+    if(!defined($dir))
+    {
+        $dir="";
+    }
+    if( !defined($dirMap->{$dir}) ||
+        !defined($dirMap->{$dir}{$filename}) )
+    {
+        my($fileHash)="deleted";
+
+        my($retVal)={};
+        $retVal->{name}=$filename;
+        $retVal->{filehash}=$fileHash;
+
+            # not needed and difficult to compute:
+        $retVal->{revision}="0";  # $revision;
+        $retVal->{commithash}=$revCommit;
+        #$retVal->{author}=$commit->{author};
+        #$retVal->{modified}=convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
+        #$retVal->{mode}=convertToDbMode($mode);
+
+        return $retVal;
+    }
+
+    my($fileHash)=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","$revCommit:$filename");
+    chomp $fileHash;
+    if(!($fileHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
+    {
+        die "Invalid fileHash '$fileHash' looking up"
+                    ." '$revCommit:$filename'\n";
+    }
+
+    # information about most recent commit to modify $filename:
+    open(my $gitLogPipe, '-|', 'git', 'rev-list',
+         '--max-count=1', '--pretty', '--parents',
+         $revCommit, '--', $filename)
+                or die "Cannot call git-rev-list: $!";
+    my @commits=readCommits($gitLogPipe);
+    close $gitLogPipe;
+    if(scalar(@commits)!=1)
+    {
+        die "Can't find most recent commit changing $filename\n";
+    }
+    my($commit)=$commits[0];
+    if( !defined($commit) || !defined($commit->{hash}) )
+    {
+        return undef;
+    }
+
+    # does this (commit,file) have a real assigned CVS revision number?
+    my $tablename_rev = $self->tablename("revision");
+    my $db_query;
+    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached(
+        "SELECT * FROM $tablename_rev WHERE name=? AND commithash=?",
+        {},1);
+    $db_query->execute($filename, $commit->{hash});
+    my($meta)=$db_query->fetchrow_hashref;
+    if($meta)
+    {
+        $meta->{revision} = "1.$meta->{revision}";
+        return $meta;
+    }
+
+    # fall back on special revision number
+    my($revision)=$commit->{hash};
+    $revision=~s/(..)/'.' . (hex($1)+100)/eg;
+    $revision="2.1.1.2000$revision";
+
+    # meta data about $filename:
+    open(my $filePipe, '-|', 'git', 'ls-tree', '-z',
+                $commit->{hash}, '--', $filename)
+            or die("Cannot call git-ls-tree : $!");
+    local $/ = "\0";
+    my $line;
+    $line=<$filePipe>;
+    if(defined(<$filePipe>))
+    {
+        die "Expected only a single file for git-ls-tree $filename\n";
+    }
+    close $filePipe;
+
+    chomp $line;
+    unless ( $line=~m/^(\d+)\s+(\w+)\s+([a-zA-Z0-9]+)\t(.*)$/o )
+    {
+        die("Couldn't process git-ls-tree line : $line\n");
+    }
+    my ( $mode, $git_type, $git_hash, $git_filename ) = ( $1, $2, $3, $4 );
+
+    # save result:
+    my($retVal)={};
+    $retVal->{name}=$filename;
+    $retVal->{revision}=$revision;
+    $retVal->{filehash}=$fileHash;
+    $retVal->{commithash}=$revCommit;
+    $retVal->{author}=$commit->{author};
+    $retVal->{modified}=convertToCvsDate($commit->{date});
+    $retVal->{mode}=convertToDbMode($mode);
+
+    return $retVal;
+}
+
+=head2 lookupCommitRef
+
+Convert tag/branch/abbreviation/etc into a commit sha1 hash.  Caches
+the result so looking it up again is fast.
+
+=cut
+
+sub lookupCommitRef
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    my $ref = shift;
+
+    my $commitHash = $self->{commitRefCache}{$ref};
+    if(defined($commitHash))
+    {
+        return $commitHash;
+    }
+
+    $commitHash=safe_pipe_capture("git","rev-parse","--verify","--quiet",
+                                  $self->unescapeRefName($ref));
+    $commitHash=~s/\s*$//;
+    if(!($commitHash=~/^[0-9a-f]{40}$/))
+    {
+        $commitHash=undef;
+    }
+
+    if( defined($commitHash) )
+    {
+        my $type=safe_pipe_capture("git","cat-file","-t",$commitHash);
+        if( ! ($type=~/^commit\s*$/ ) )
+        {
+            $commitHash=undef;
+        }
+    }
+    if(defined($commitHash))
+    {
+        $self->{commitRefCache}{$ref}=$commitHash;
+    }
+    return $commitHash;
+}
+
+=head2 clearCommitRefCaches
+
+Clears cached commit cache (sha1's for various tags/abbeviations/etc),
+and related caches.
+
+=cut
+
+sub clearCommitRefCaches
+{
+    my $self = shift;
+    $self->{commitRefCache} = {};
+    $self->{revisionDirMapCache} = undef;
+    $self->{gethead_cache} = undef;
 }
 
 =head2 commitmessage
@@ -3583,25 +4914,6 @@
     return $message;
 }
 
-=head2 gethistory
-
-This function takes a filename (with path) argument and returns an arrayofarrays
-containing revision,filehash,commithash ordered by revision descending
-
-=cut
-sub gethistory
-{
-    my $self = shift;
-    my $filename = shift;
-    my $tablename = $self->tablename("revision");
-
-    my $db_query;
-    $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
-    $db_query->execute($filename);
-
-    return $db_query->fetchall_arrayref;
-}
-
 =head2 gethistorydense
 
 This function takes a filename (with path) argument and returns an arrayofarrays
@@ -3611,6 +4923,8 @@
 The 'dense' part is a reference to a '--dense' option available for git-rev-list
 and other git tools that depend on it.
 
+See also getlog().
+
 =cut
 sub gethistorydense
 {
@@ -3622,7 +4936,106 @@
     $db_query = $self->{dbh}->prepare_cached("SELECT revision, filehash, commithash FROM $tablename WHERE name=? AND filehash!='deleted' ORDER BY revision DESC",{},1);
     $db_query->execute($filename);
 
-    return $db_query->fetchall_arrayref;
+    my $result = $db_query->fetchall_arrayref;
+
+    my $i;
+    for($i=0 ; $i<scalar(@$result) ; $i++)
+    {
+        $result->[$i][0]="1." . $result->[$i][0];
+    }
+
+    return $result;
+}
+
+=head2 escapeRefName
+
+Apply an escape mechanism to compensate for characters that
+git ref names can have that CVS tags can not.
+
+=cut
+sub escapeRefName
+{
+    my($self,$refName)=@_;
+
+    # CVS officially only allows [-_A-Za-z0-9] in tag names (or in
+    # many contexts it can also be a CVS revision number).
+    #
+    # Git tags commonly use '/' and '.' as well, but also handle
+    # anything else just in case:
+    #
+    #   = "_-s-"  For '/'.
+    #   = "_-p-"  For '.'.
+    #   = "_-u-"  For underscore, in case someone wants a literal "_-" in
+    #     a tag name.
+    #   = "_-xx-" Where "xx" is the hexadecimal representation of the
+    #     desired ASCII character byte. (for anything else)
+
+    if(! $refName=~/^[1-9][0-9]*(\.[1-9][0-9]*)*$/)
+    {
+        $refName=~s/_-/_-u--/g;
+        $refName=~s/\./_-p-/g;
+        $refName=~s%/%_-s-%g;
+        $refName=~s/[^-_a-zA-Z0-9]/sprintf("_-%02x-",$1)/eg;
+    }
+}
+
+=head2 unescapeRefName
+
+Undo an escape mechanism to compensate for characters that
+git ref names can have that CVS tags can not.
+
+=cut
+sub unescapeRefName
+{
+    my($self,$refName)=@_;
+
+    # see escapeRefName() for description of escape mechanism.
+
+    $refName=~s/_-([spu]|[0-9a-f][0-9a-f])-/unescapeRefNameChar($1)/eg;
+
+    # allowed tag names
+    # TODO: Perhaps use git check-ref-format, with an in-process cache of
+    #  validated names?
+    if( !( $refName=~m%^[^-][-a-zA-Z0-9_/.]*$% ) ||
+        ( $refName=~m%[/.]$% ) ||
+        ( $refName=~/\.lock$/ ) ||
+        ( $refName=~m%\.\.|/\.|[[\\:?*~]|\@\{% ) )  # matching }
+    {
+        # Error:
+        $log->warn("illegal refName: $refName");
+        $refName=undef;
+    }
+    return $refName;
+}
+
+sub unescapeRefNameChar
+{
+    my($char)=@_;
+
+    if($char eq "s")
+    {
+        $char="/";
+    }
+    elsif($char eq "p")
+    {
+        $char=".";
+    }
+    elsif($char eq "u")
+    {
+        $char="_";
+    }
+    elsif($char=~/^[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]$/)
+    {
+        $char=chr(hex($char));
+    }
+    else
+    {
+        # Error case: Maybe it has come straight from user, and
+        # wasn't supposed to be escaped?  Restore it the way we got it:
+        $char="_-$char-";
+    }
+
+    return $char;
 }
 
 =head2 in_array()
diff --git a/git-difftool--helper.sh b/git-difftool--helper.sh
index 8452890..3d0fe0c 100755
--- a/git-difftool--helper.sh
+++ b/git-difftool--helper.sh
@@ -43,12 +43,15 @@
 		printf "\nViewing: '$MERGED'\n"
 		if use_ext_cmd
 		then
-			printf "Hit return to launch '%s': " \
+			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]: " \
 				"$GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD"
 		else
-			printf "Hit return to launch '%s': " "$merge_tool"
+			printf "Launch '%s' [Y/n]: " "$merge_tool"
 		fi
-		read ans
+		if read ans && test "$ans" = n
+		then
+			return
+		fi
 	fi
 
 	if use_ext_cmd
@@ -70,9 +73,16 @@
 	fi
 fi
 
-# Launch the merge tool on each path provided by 'git diff'
-while test $# -gt 6
-do
-	launch_merge_tool "$1" "$2" "$5"
-	shift 7
-done
+if test -n "$GIT_DIFFTOOL_DIRDIFF"
+then
+	LOCAL="$1"
+	REMOTE="$2"
+	run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" false
+else
+	# Launch the merge tool on each path provided by 'git diff'
+	while test $# -gt 6
+	do
+		launch_merge_tool "$1" "$2" "$5"
+		shift 7
+	done
+fi
diff --git a/git-difftool.perl b/git-difftool.perl
index 09b65f1..edd0493 100755
--- a/git-difftool.perl
+++ b/git-difftool.perl
@@ -1,121 +1,471 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env perl
+#!/usr/bin/perl
 # Copyright (c) 2009, 2010 David Aguilar
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Tim Henigan
 #
 # This is a wrapper around the GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF-compatible
 # git-difftool--helper script.
 #
 # This script exports GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and GIT_PAGER for use by git.
-# GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT, GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT, and GIT_DIFF_TOOL
-# are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
+# The GIT_DIFF* variables are exported for use by git-difftool--helper.
 #
 # Any arguments that are unknown to this script are forwarded to 'git diff'.
 
 use 5.008;
 use strict;
 use warnings;
-use Cwd qw(abs_path);
 use File::Basename qw(dirname);
-
-require Git;
-
-my $DIR = abs_path(dirname($0));
-
+use File::Copy;
+use File::Compare;
+use File::Find;
+use File::stat;
+use File::Path qw(mkpath rmtree);
+use File::Temp qw(tempdir);
+use Getopt::Long qw(:config pass_through);
+use Git;
 
 sub usage
 {
+	my $exitcode = shift;
 	print << 'USAGE';
-usage: git difftool [-t|--tool=<tool>] [-x|--extcmd=<cmd>]
-                    [-y|--no-prompt]   [-g|--gui]
+usage: git difftool [-t|--tool=<tool>] [--tool-help]
+                    [-x|--extcmd=<cmd>]
+                    [-g|--gui] [--no-gui]
+                    [--prompt] [-y|--no-prompt]
+                    [-d|--dir-diff]
                     ['git diff' options]
 USAGE
-	exit 1;
+	exit($exitcode);
 }
 
-sub setup_environment
+sub find_worktree
 {
-	$ENV{PATH} = "$DIR:$ENV{PATH}";
+	my ($repo) = @_;
+
+	# Git->repository->wc_path() does not honor changes to the working
+	# tree location made by $ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE} or the 'core.worktree'
+	# config variable.
+	my $worktree;
+	my $env_worktree = $ENV{GIT_WORK_TREE};
+	my $core_worktree = Git::config('core.worktree');
+
+	if (defined($env_worktree) and (length($env_worktree) > 0)) {
+		$worktree = $env_worktree;
+	} elsif (defined($core_worktree) and (length($core_worktree) > 0)) {
+		$worktree = $core_worktree;
+	} else {
+		$worktree = $repo->wc_path();
+	}
+
+	return $worktree;
+}
+
+sub filter_tool_scripts
+{
+	my ($tools) = @_;
+	if (-d $_) {
+		if ($_ ne ".") {
+			# Ignore files in subdirectories
+			$File::Find::prune = 1;
+		}
+	} else {
+		if ((-f $_) && ($_ ne "defaults")) {
+			push(@$tools, $_);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub print_tool_help
+{
+	my ($cmd, @found, @notfound, @tools);
+	my $gitpath = Git::exec_path();
+
+	find(sub { filter_tool_scripts(\@tools) }, "$gitpath/mergetools");
+
+	foreach my $tool (@tools) {
+		$cmd  = "TOOL_MODE=diff";
+		$cmd .= ' && . "$(git --exec-path)/git-mergetool--lib"';
+		$cmd .= " && get_merge_tool_path $tool >/dev/null 2>&1";
+		$cmd .= " && can_diff >/dev/null 2>&1";
+		if (system('sh', '-c', $cmd) == 0) {
+			push(@found, $tool);
+		} else {
+			push(@notfound, $tool);
+		}
+	}
+
+	print << 'EOF';
+'git difftool --tool=<tool>' may be set to one of the following:
+EOF
+	print "\t$_\n" for (sort(@found));
+
+	print << 'EOF';
+
+The following tools are valid, but not currently available:
+EOF
+	print "\t$_\n" for (sort(@notfound));
+
+	print << 'EOF';
+
+NOTE: Some of the tools listed above only work in a windowed
+environment. If run in a terminal-only session, they will fail.
+EOF
+	exit(0);
+}
+
+sub exit_cleanup
+{
+	my ($tmpdir, $status) = @_;
+	my $errno = $!;
+	rmtree($tmpdir);
+	if ($status and $errno) {
+		my ($package, $file, $line) = caller();
+		warn "$file line $line: $errno\n";
+	}
+	exit($status | ($status >> 8));
+}
+
+sub setup_dir_diff
+{
+	my ($repo, $workdir, $symlinks) = @_;
+
+	# Run the diff; exit immediately if no diff found
+	# 'Repository' and 'WorkingCopy' must be explicitly set to insure that
+	# if $GIT_DIR and $GIT_WORK_TREE are set in ENV, they are actually used
+	# by Git->repository->command*.
+	my $repo_path = $repo->repo_path();
+	my %repo_args = (Repository => $repo_path, WorkingCopy => $workdir);
+	my $diffrepo = Git->repository(%repo_args);
+
+	my @gitargs = ('diff', '--raw', '--no-abbrev', '-z', @ARGV);
+	my $diffrtn = $diffrepo->command_oneline(@gitargs);
+	exit(0) unless defined($diffrtn);
+
+	# Build index info for left and right sides of the diff
+	my $submodule_mode = '160000';
+	my $symlink_mode = '120000';
+	my $null_mode = '0' x 6;
+	my $null_sha1 = '0' x 40;
+	my $lindex = '';
+	my $rindex = '';
+	my %submodule;
+	my %symlink;
+	my @working_tree = ();
+	my @rawdiff = split('\0', $diffrtn);
+
+	my $i = 0;
+	while ($i < $#rawdiff) {
+		if ($rawdiff[$i] =~ /^::/) {
+			warn << 'EOF';
+Combined diff formats ('-c' and '--cc') are not supported in
+directory diff mode ('-d' and '--dir-diff').
+EOF
+			exit(1);
+		}
+
+		my ($lmode, $rmode, $lsha1, $rsha1, $status) =
+			split(' ', substr($rawdiff[$i], 1));
+		my $src_path = $rawdiff[$i + 1];
+		my $dst_path;
+
+		if ($status =~ /^[CR]/) {
+			$dst_path = $rawdiff[$i + 2];
+			$i += 3;
+		} else {
+			$dst_path = $src_path;
+			$i += 2;
+		}
+
+		if ($lmode eq $submodule_mode or $rmode eq $submodule_mode) {
+			$submodule{$src_path}{left} = $lsha1;
+			if ($lsha1 ne $rsha1) {
+				$submodule{$dst_path}{right} = $rsha1;
+			} else {
+				$submodule{$dst_path}{right} = "$rsha1-dirty";
+			}
+			next;
+		}
+
+		if ($lmode eq $symlink_mode) {
+			$symlink{$src_path}{left} =
+				$diffrepo->command_oneline('show', "$lsha1");
+		}
+
+		if ($rmode eq $symlink_mode) {
+			$symlink{$dst_path}{right} =
+				$diffrepo->command_oneline('show', "$rsha1");
+		}
+
+		if ($lmode ne $null_mode and $status !~ /^C/) {
+			$lindex .= "$lmode $lsha1\t$src_path\0";
+		}
+
+		if ($rmode ne $null_mode) {
+			if ($rsha1 ne $null_sha1) {
+				$rindex .= "$rmode $rsha1\t$dst_path\0";
+			} else {
+				push(@working_tree, $dst_path);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Setup temp directories
+	my $tmpdir = tempdir('git-difftool.XXXXX', CLEANUP => 0, TMPDIR => 1);
+	my $ldir = "$tmpdir/left";
+	my $rdir = "$tmpdir/right";
+	mkpath($ldir) or exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+	mkpath($rdir) or exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+
+	# If $GIT_DIR is not set prior to calling 'git update-index' and
+	# 'git checkout-index', then those commands will fail if difftool
+	# is called from a directory other than the repo root.
+	my $must_unset_git_dir = 0;
+	if (not defined($ENV{GIT_DIR})) {
+		$must_unset_git_dir = 1;
+		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $repo_path;
+	}
+
+	# Populate the left and right directories based on each index file
+	my ($inpipe, $ctx);
+	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/lindex";
+	($inpipe, $ctx) =
+		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index -z --index-info));
+	print($inpipe $lindex);
+	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
+
+	my $rc = system('git', 'checkout-index', '--all', "--prefix=$ldir/");
+	exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc) if $rc != 0;
+
+	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = "$tmpdir/rindex";
+	($inpipe, $ctx) =
+		$repo->command_input_pipe(qw(update-index -z --index-info));
+	print($inpipe $rindex);
+	$repo->command_close_pipe($inpipe, $ctx);
+
+	$rc = system('git', 'checkout-index', '--all', "--prefix=$rdir/");
+	exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc) if $rc != 0;
+
+	# If $GIT_DIR was explicitly set just for the update/checkout
+	# commands, then it should be unset before continuing.
+	delete($ENV{GIT_DIR}) if ($must_unset_git_dir);
+	delete($ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE});
+
+	# Changes in the working tree need special treatment since they are
+	# not part of the index
+	for my $file (@working_tree) {
+		my $dir = dirname($file);
+		unless (-d "$rdir/$dir") {
+			mkpath("$rdir/$dir") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+		}
+		if ($symlinks) {
+			symlink("$workdir/$file", "$rdir/$file") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+		} else {
+			copy("$workdir/$file", "$rdir/$file") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+
+			my $mode = stat("$workdir/$file")->mode;
+			chmod($mode, "$rdir/$file") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Changes to submodules require special treatment. This loop writes a
+	# temporary file to both the left and right directories to show the
+	# change in the recorded SHA1 for the submodule.
+	for my $path (keys %submodule) {
+		my $ok;
+		if (defined($submodule{$path}{left})) {
+			$ok = write_to_file("$ldir/$path",
+				"Subproject commit $submodule{$path}{left}");
+		}
+		if (defined($submodule{$path}{right})) {
+			$ok = write_to_file("$rdir/$path",
+				"Subproject commit $submodule{$path}{right}");
+		}
+		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1) if not $ok;
+	}
+
+	# Symbolic links require special treatment. The standard "git diff"
+	# shows only the link itself, not the contents of the link target.
+	# This loop replicates that behavior.
+	for my $path (keys %symlink) {
+		my $ok;
+		if (defined($symlink{$path}{left})) {
+			$ok = write_to_file("$ldir/$path",
+					$symlink{$path}{left});
+		}
+		if (defined($symlink{$path}{right})) {
+			$ok = write_to_file("$rdir/$path",
+					$symlink{$path}{right});
+		}
+		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1) if not $ok;
+	}
+
+	return ($ldir, $rdir, $tmpdir, @working_tree);
+}
+
+sub write_to_file
+{
+	my $path = shift;
+	my $value = shift;
+
+	# Make sure the path to the file exists
+	my $dir = dirname($path);
+	unless (-d "$dir") {
+		mkpath("$dir") or return 0;
+	}
+
+	# If the file already exists in that location, delete it.  This
+	# is required in the case of symbolic links.
+	unlink($path);
+
+	open(my $fh, '>', $path) or return 0;
+	print($fh $value);
+	close($fh);
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+sub main
+{
+	# parse command-line options. all unrecognized options and arguments
+	# are passed through to the 'git diff' command.
+	my %opts = (
+		difftool_cmd => undef,
+		dirdiff => undef,
+		extcmd => undef,
+		gui => undef,
+		help => undef,
+		prompt => undef,
+		symlinks => $^O ne 'cygwin' &&
+				$^O ne 'MSWin32' && $^O ne 'msys',
+		tool_help => undef,
+	);
+	GetOptions('g|gui!' => \$opts{gui},
+		'd|dir-diff' => \$opts{dirdiff},
+		'h' => \$opts{help},
+		'prompt!' => \$opts{prompt},
+		'y' => sub { $opts{prompt} = 0; },
+		'symlinks' => \$opts{symlinks},
+		'no-symlinks' => sub { $opts{symlinks} = 0; },
+		't|tool:s' => \$opts{difftool_cmd},
+		'tool-help' => \$opts{tool_help},
+		'x|extcmd:s' => \$opts{extcmd});
+
+	if (defined($opts{help})) {
+		usage(0);
+	}
+	if (defined($opts{tool_help})) {
+		print_tool_help();
+	}
+	if (defined($opts{difftool_cmd})) {
+		if (length($opts{difftool_cmd}) > 0) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $opts{difftool_cmd};
+		} else {
+			print "No <tool> given for --tool=<tool>\n";
+			usage(1);
+		}
+	}
+	if (defined($opts{extcmd})) {
+		if (length($opts{extcmd}) > 0) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD} = $opts{extcmd};
+		} else {
+			print "No <cmd> given for --extcmd=<cmd>\n";
+			usage(1);
+		}
+	}
+	if ($opts{gui}) {
+		my $guitool = Git::config('diff.guitool');
+		if (length($guitool) > 0) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $guitool;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# In directory diff mode, 'git-difftool--helper' is called once
+	# to compare the a/b directories.  In file diff mode, 'git diff'
+	# will invoke a separate instance of 'git-difftool--helper' for
+	# each file that changed.
+	if (defined($opts{dirdiff})) {
+		dir_diff($opts{extcmd}, $opts{symlinks});
+	} else {
+		file_diff($opts{prompt});
+	}
+}
+
+sub dir_diff
+{
+	my ($extcmd, $symlinks) = @_;
+	my $rc;
+	my $error = 0;
+	my $repo = Git->repository();
+	my $workdir = find_worktree($repo);
+	my ($a, $b, $tmpdir, @worktree) =
+		setup_dir_diff($repo, $workdir, $symlinks);
+
+	if (defined($extcmd)) {
+		$rc = system($extcmd, $a, $b);
+	} else {
+		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_DIRDIFF} = 'true';
+		$rc = system('git', 'difftool--helper', $a, $b);
+	}
+	# If the diff including working copy files and those
+	# files were modified during the diff, then the changes
+	# should be copied back to the working tree.
+	# Do not copy back files when symlinks are used and the
+	# external tool did not replace the original link with a file.
+	for my $file (@worktree) {
+		next if $symlinks && -l "$b/$file";
+		next if ! -f "$b/$file";
+
+		my $diff = compare("$b/$file", "$workdir/$file");
+		if ($diff == 0) {
+			next;
+		} elsif ($diff == -1) {
+			my $errmsg = "warning: Could not compare ";
+			$errmsg += "'$b/$file' with '$workdir/$file'\n";
+			warn $errmsg;
+			$error = 1;
+		} elsif ($diff == 1) {
+			my $mode = stat("$b/$file")->mode;
+			copy("$b/$file", "$workdir/$file") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+
+			chmod($mode, "$workdir/$file") or
+			exit_cleanup($tmpdir, 1);
+		}
+	}
+	if ($error) {
+		warn "warning: Temporary files exist in '$tmpdir'.\n";
+		warn "warning: You may want to cleanup or recover these.\n";
+		exit(1);
+	} else {
+		exit_cleanup($tmpdir, $rc);
+	}
+}
+
+sub file_diff
+{
+	my ($prompt) = @_;
+
+	if (defined($prompt)) {
+		if ($prompt) {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
+		} else {
+			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
+		}
+	}
+
 	$ENV{GIT_PAGER} = '';
 	$ENV{GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF} = 'git-difftool--helper';
+
+	# ActiveState Perl for Win32 does not implement POSIX semantics of
+	# exec* system call. It just spawns the given executable and finishes
+	# the starting program, exiting with code 0.
+	# system will at least catch the errors returned by git diff,
+	# allowing the caller of git difftool better handling of failures.
+	my $rc = system('git', 'diff', @ARGV);
+	exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
 }
 
-sub exe
-{
-	my $exe = shift;
-	if ($^O eq 'MSWin32' || $^O eq 'msys') {
-		return "$exe.exe";
-	}
-	return $exe;
-}
-
-sub generate_command
-{
-	my @command = (exe('git'), 'diff');
-	my $skip_next = 0;
-	my $idx = -1;
-	my $prompt = '';
-	for my $arg (@ARGV) {
-		$idx++;
-		if ($skip_next) {
-			$skip_next = 0;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '-t' || $arg eq '--tool') {
-			usage() if $#ARGV <= $idx;
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $ARGV[$idx + 1];
-			$skip_next = 1;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg =~ /^--tool=/) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = substr($arg, 7);
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '-x' || $arg eq '--extcmd') {
-			usage() if $#ARGV <= $idx;
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD} = $ARGV[$idx + 1];
-			$skip_next = 1;
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg =~ /^--extcmd=/) {
-			$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_EXTCMD} = substr($arg, 9);
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '-g' || $arg eq '--gui') {
-			eval {
-				my $tool = Git::command_oneline('config',
-				                                'diff.guitool');
-				if (length($tool)) {
-					$ENV{GIT_DIFF_TOOL} = $tool;
-				}
-			};
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '-y' || $arg eq '--no-prompt') {
-			$prompt = 'no';
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '--prompt') {
-			$prompt = 'yes';
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($arg eq '-h') {
-			usage();
-		}
-		push @command, $arg;
-	}
-	if ($prompt eq 'yes') {
-		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_PROMPT} = 'true';
-	} elsif ($prompt eq 'no') {
-		$ENV{GIT_DIFFTOOL_NO_PROMPT} = 'true';
-	}
-	return @command
-}
-
-setup_environment();
-
-# ActiveState Perl for Win32 does not implement POSIX semantics of
-# exec* system call. It just spawns the given executable and finishes
-# the starting program, exiting with code 0.
-# system will at least catch the errors returned by git diff,
-# allowing the caller of git difftool better handling of failures.
-my $rc = system(generate_command());
-exit($rc | ($rc >> 8));
+main();
diff --git a/git-filter-branch.sh b/git-filter-branch.sh
index add2c02..5314249 100755
--- a/git-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/git-filter-branch.sh
@@ -64,37 +64,19 @@
 
 eval "$functions"
 
-# When piped a commit, output a script to set the ident of either
-# "author" or "committer
+finish_ident() {
+	# Ensure non-empty id name.
+	echo "case \"\$GIT_$1_NAME\" in \"\") GIT_$1_NAME=\"\${GIT_$1_EMAIL%%@*}\" && export GIT_$1_NAME;; esac"
+	# And make sure everything is exported.
+	echo "export GIT_$1_NAME"
+	echo "export GIT_$1_EMAIL"
+	echo "export GIT_$1_DATE"
+}
 
 set_ident () {
-	lid="$(echo "$1" | tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]")"
-	uid="$(echo "$1" | tr "[a-z]" "[A-Z]")"
-	pick_id_script='
-		/^'$lid' /{
-			s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
-			h
-			s/^'$lid' \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
-			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_NAME='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_NAME/p
-
-			g
-			s/^'$lid' [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
-			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_EMAIL='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_EMAIL/p
-
-			g
-			s/^'$lid' [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
-			s/'\''/'\''\'\'\''/g
-			s/.*/GIT_'$uid'_DATE='\''&'\''; export GIT_'$uid'_DATE/p
-
-			q
-		}
-	'
-
-	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_id_script"
-	# Ensure non-empty id name.
-	echo "case \"\$GIT_${uid}_NAME\" in \"\") GIT_${uid}_NAME=\"\${GIT_${uid}_EMAIL%%@*}\" && export GIT_${uid}_NAME;; esac"
+	parse_ident_from_commit author AUTHOR committer COMMITTER
+	finish_ident AUTHOR
+	finish_ident COMMITTER
 }
 
 USAGE="[--env-filter <command>] [--tree-filter <command>]
@@ -320,10 +302,8 @@
 	git cat-file commit "$commit" >../commit ||
 		die "Cannot read commit $commit"
 
-	eval "$(set_ident AUTHOR <../commit)" ||
-		die "setting author failed for commit $commit"
-	eval "$(set_ident COMMITTER <../commit)" ||
-		die "setting committer failed for commit $commit"
+	eval "$(set_ident <../commit)" ||
+		die "setting author/committer failed for commit $commit"
 	eval "$filter_env" < /dev/null ||
 		die "env filter failed: $filter_env"
 
diff --git a/git-gui/.gitattributes b/git-gui/.gitattributes
index f96112d..33d07c0 100644
--- a/git-gui/.gitattributes
+++ b/git-gui/.gitattributes
@@ -1,3 +1,4 @@
+*           whitespace=indent-with-non-tab,trailing-space,space-before-tab,tabwidth=4
 *           encoding=US-ASCII
 git-gui.sh  encoding=UTF-8
 /po/*.po    encoding=UTF-8
diff --git a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
index 1fb4d9b..49b62ea 100755
--- a/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
+++ b/git-gui/GIT-VERSION-GEN
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
 GVF=GIT-VERSION-FILE
-DEF_VER=0.13.GITGUI
+DEF_VER=0.17.GITGUI
 
 LF='
 '
diff --git a/git-gui/git-gui.sh b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
index f897160..89f636f 100755
--- a/git-gui/git-gui.sh
+++ b/git-gui/git-gui.sh
@@ -154,6 +154,7 @@
 if {$_trace >= 0} {
 	set argv [lreplace $argv $_trace $_trace]
 	set _trace 1
+	if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "win32"} { console show }
 } else {
 	set _trace 0
 }
@@ -299,7 +300,9 @@
 	global repo_config
 	if {[catch {set v $repo_config($name)}]} {
 		return 0
-	} elseif {$v eq {true} || $v eq {1} || $v eq {yes}} {
+	}
+	set v [string tolower $v]
+	if {$v eq {} || $v eq {true} || $v eq {1} || $v eq {yes} || $v eq {on}} {
 		return 1
 	} else {
 		return 0
@@ -310,7 +313,9 @@
 	global repo_config
 	if {[catch {set v $repo_config($name)}]} {
 		return 0
-	} elseif {$v eq {false} || $v eq {0} || $v eq {no}} {
+	}
+	set v [string tolower $v]
+	if {$v eq {false} || $v eq {0} || $v eq {no} || $v eq {off}} {
 		return 1
 	} else {
 		return 0
@@ -460,6 +465,35 @@
 	return {}
 }
 
+# Test a file for a hashbang to identify executable scripts on Windows.
+proc is_shellscript {filename} {
+	if {![file exists $filename]} {return 0}
+	set f [open $filename r]
+	fconfigure $f -encoding binary
+	set magic [read $f 2]
+	close $f
+	return [expr {$magic eq "#!"}]
+}
+
+# Run a command connected via pipes on stdout.
+# This is for use with textconv filters and uses sh -c "..." to allow it to
+# contain a command with arguments. On windows we must check for shell
+# scripts specifically otherwise just call the filter command.
+proc open_cmd_pipe {cmd path} {
+	global env
+	if {![file executable [shellpath]]} {
+		set exe [auto_execok [lindex $cmd 0]]
+		if {[is_shellscript [lindex $exe 0]]} {
+			set run [linsert [auto_execok sh] end -c "$cmd \"\$0\"" $path]
+		} else {
+			set run [concat $exe [lrange $cmd 1 end] $path]
+		}
+	} else {
+		set run [list [shellpath] -c "$cmd \"\$0\"" $path]
+	}
+	return [open |$run r]
+}
+
 proc _lappend_nice {cmd_var} {
 	global _nice
 	upvar $cmd_var cmd
@@ -725,7 +759,10 @@
 		gitlogo put gray26  -to  5 15 11 16
 		gitlogo redither
 
-		wm iconphoto . -default gitlogo
+		image create photo gitlogo32 -width 32 -height 32
+		gitlogo32 copy gitlogo -zoom 2 2
+
+		wm iconphoto . -default gitlogo gitlogo32
 	}
 }
 
@@ -846,6 +883,7 @@
 set default_config(gui.copyblamethreshold) 40
 set default_config(gui.blamehistoryctx) 7
 set default_config(gui.diffcontext) 5
+set default_config(gui.diffopts) {}
 set default_config(gui.commitmsgwidth) 75
 set default_config(gui.newbranchtemplate) {}
 set default_config(gui.spellingdictionary) {}
@@ -859,6 +897,7 @@
 	{fontui   font_ui   {mc "Main Font"}}
 	{fontdiff font_diff {mc "Diff/Console Font"}}
 }
+set default_config(gui.stageuntracked) ask
 
 ######################################################################
 ##
@@ -1060,6 +1099,10 @@
 				} else {
 					set arr($name) $value
 				}
+			} elseif {[regexp {^([^\n]+)$} $line line name]} {
+				# no value given, but interpreting them as
+				# boolean will be handled as true
+				set arr($name) {}
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1075,6 +1118,10 @@
 					} else {
 						set arr($name) $value
 					}
+				} elseif {[regexp {^([^=]+)$} $line line name]} {
+					# no value given, but interpreting them as
+					# boolean will be handled as true
+					set arr($name) {}
 				}
 			}
 			close $fd_rc
@@ -1417,7 +1464,7 @@
 		(![$ui_comm edit modified]
 		|| [string trim [$ui_comm get 0.0 end]] eq {})} {
 		if {[string match amend* $commit_type]} {
-		} elseif {[load_message GITGUI_MSG]} {
+		} elseif {[load_message GITGUI_MSG utf-8]} {
 		} elseif {[run_prepare_commit_msg_hook]} {
 		} elseif {[load_message MERGE_MSG]} {
 		} elseif {[load_message SQUASH_MSG]} {
@@ -1503,7 +1550,7 @@
 	fileevent $fd_lo readable [list read_ls_others $fd_lo $after]
 }
 
-proc load_message {file} {
+proc load_message {file {encoding {}}} {
 	global ui_comm
 
 	set f [gitdir $file]
@@ -1512,6 +1559,9 @@
 			return 0
 		}
 		fconfigure $fd -eofchar {}
+		if {$encoding ne {}} {
+			fconfigure $fd -encoding $encoding
+		}
 		set content [string trim [read $fd]]
 		close $fd
 		regsub -all -line {[ \r\t]+$} $content {} content
@@ -2220,6 +2270,7 @@
 				&& $msg ne {}} {
 				catch {
 					set fd [open $save w]
+					fconfigure $fd -encoding utf-8
 					puts -nonewline $fd $msg
 					close $fd
 				}
@@ -2474,6 +2525,7 @@
 				[concat $after [list ui_ready]]
 		}
 	} else {
+		set selected_paths($path) 1
 		show_diff $path $w $lno
 	}
 }
@@ -2951,10 +3003,19 @@
 	set jump_spec {}
 	set is_path 0
 	foreach a $argv {
-		if {$is_path || [file exists $_prefix$a]} {
+		if {[file exists $a]} {
+			if {$path ne {}} usage
+			set path [normalize_relpath $a]
+			break
+		} elseif {[file exists $_prefix$a]} {
 			if {$path ne {}} usage
 			set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$a]
 			break
+		}
+
+		if {$is_path} {
+			if {$path ne {}} usage
+			break
 		} elseif {$a eq {--}} {
 			if {$path ne {}} {
 				if {$head ne {}} usage
@@ -2976,8 +3037,13 @@
 	unset is_path
 
 	if {$head ne {} && $path eq {}} {
-		set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$head]
-		set head {}
+		if {[string index $head 0] eq {/}} {
+			set path [normalize_relpath $head]
+			set head {}
+		} else {
+			set path [normalize_relpath $_prefix$head]
+			set head {}
+		}
 	}
 
 	if {$head eq {}} {
@@ -3362,6 +3428,7 @@
 	$ui_diff tag configure clri3$n -background $c
 }
 $ui_diff tag configure clr1 -font font_diffbold
+$ui_diff tag configure clr4 -underline 1
 
 $ui_diff tag conf d_info -foreground blue -font font_diffbold
 
@@ -3662,6 +3729,8 @@
 bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-V> {break}
 bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-a> {%W tag add sel 0.0 end;break}
 bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-A> {%W tag add sel 0.0 end;break}
+bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-j> {do_revert_selection;break}
+bind $ui_diff <$M1B-Key-J> {do_revert_selection;break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Up>     {catch {%W yview scroll -1 units};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Down>   {catch {%W yview scroll  1 units};break}
 bind $ui_diff <Key-Left>   {catch {%W xview scroll -1 units};break}
@@ -3694,6 +3763,8 @@
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-S> do_signoff
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-t> do_add_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-T> do_add_selection
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-u> do_unstage_selection
+bind .   <$M1B-Key-U> do_unstage_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-j> do_revert_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-J> do_revert_selection
 bind .   <$M1B-Key-i> do_add_all
@@ -3787,7 +3858,7 @@
 }
 
 if {[winfo exists $ui_comm]} {
-	set GITGUI_BCK_exists [load_message GITGUI_BCK]
+	set GITGUI_BCK_exists [load_message GITGUI_BCK utf-8]
 
 	# -- If both our backup and message files exist use the
 	#    newer of the two files to initialize the buffer.
@@ -3824,6 +3895,7 @@
 			} elseif {$m} {
 				catch {
 					set fd [open [gitdir GITGUI_BCK] w]
+					fconfigure $fd -encoding utf-8
 					puts -nonewline $fd $msg
 					close $fd
 					set GITGUI_BCK_exists 1
@@ -3878,7 +3950,7 @@
 		$ui_comm configure -state disabled -background gray
 	}
 }
-if {[is_enabled multicommit]} {
+if {[is_enabled multicommit] && ![is_config_false gui.gcwarning]} {
 	after 1000 hint_gc
 }
 if {[is_enabled retcode]} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
index 691941e..324f774 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/blame.tcl
@@ -219,7 +219,8 @@
 	eval grid $w_columns $w.file_pane.out.sby -sticky nsew
 	grid conf \
 		$w.file_pane.out.sbx \
-		-column [expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		-column 0 \
+		-columnspan [expr {[llength $w_columns] + 1}] \
 		-sticky we
 	grid columnconfigure \
 		$w.file_pane.out \
@@ -229,12 +230,14 @@
 
 	set finder [::searchbar::new \
 		$w.file_pane.out.ff $w_file \
-		-column [expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		-column 0 \
+		-columnspan [expr {[llength $w_columns] + 1}] \
 		]
 
 	set gotoline [::linebar::new \
 		$w.file_pane.out.lf $w_file \
-		-column [expr {[llength $w_columns] - 1}] \
+		-column 0 \
+		-columnspan [expr {[llength $w_columns] + 1}] \
 		]
 
 	set w_cviewer $w.file_pane.cm.t
@@ -473,14 +476,7 @@
 	}
 	if {$commit eq {}} {
 		if {$do_textconv ne 0} {
-			# Run textconv with sh -c "..." to allow it to
-			# contain command + arguments. On windows, just
-			# call the filter command.
-			if {![file executable [shellpath]]} {
-				set fd [open |[linsert $textconv end $path] r]
-			} else {
-				set fd [open |[list [shellpath] -c "$textconv \"\$0\"" $path] r]
-			}
+			set fd [open_cmd_pipe $textconv $path]
 		} else {
 			set fd [open $path r]
 		}
@@ -572,7 +568,11 @@
 	foreach i $w_columns {$i conf -state disabled}
 
 	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd
+		fconfigure $fd -blocking 1; # enable error reporting on close
+		if {[catch {close $fd} err]} {
+			tk_messageBox -icon error -title [mc Error] \
+				-message $err
+		}
 
 		# If we don't force Tk to update the widgets *right now*
 		# none of our jump commands will cause a change in the UI.
@@ -1062,7 +1062,7 @@
 		set radius [get_config gui.blamehistoryctx]
 		set cmdline [list --select-commit=$cmit]
 
-                if {$radius > 0} {
+		if {$radius > 0} {
 			set author_time {}
 			set committer_time {}
 
@@ -1170,7 +1170,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if {[eof $fd]} {
-		close $fd;
+		close $fd
 		set current_fd {}
 
 		_load_new_commit $this  \
@@ -1201,6 +1201,7 @@
 		_hide_tooltip $this
 
 		set tooltip_wm [toplevel $cur_w.tooltip -borderwidth 1]
+		catch {wm attributes $tooltip_wm -type tooltip}
 		wm overrideredirect $tooltip_wm 1
 		wm transient $tooltip_wm [winfo toplevel $cur_w]
 		set tooltip_t $tooltip_wm.label
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
index a8c6223..0328338 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/browser.tcl
@@ -26,8 +26,14 @@
 	wm withdraw $top
 	wm title $top [append "[appname] ([reponame]): " [mc "File Browser"]]
 
+	if {$path ne {}} {
+		if {[string index $path end] ne {/}} {
+			append path /
+		}
+	}
+
 	set browser_commit $commit
-	set browser_path $browser_commit:$path
+	set browser_path "$browser_commit:[escape_path $path]"
 
 	${NS}::label $w.path \
 		-textvariable @browser_path \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl b/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl
index 54c7957..6dae793 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/choose_rev.tcl
@@ -497,6 +497,7 @@
 
 	if {$tooltip_wm eq {}} {
 		set tooltip_wm [toplevel $w_list.tooltip -borderwidth 1]
+		catch {wm attributes $tooltip_wm -type tooltip}
 		wm overrideredirect $tooltip_wm 1
 		wm transient $tooltip_wm [winfo toplevel $w_list]
 		set tooltip_t $tooltip_wm.label
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/class.tcl b/git-gui/lib/class.tcl
index c27b714..f08506f 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/class.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/class.tcl
@@ -138,6 +138,7 @@
 	upvar $t top $w pfx this this
 	global use_ttk
 	uplevel [linsert $args 0 make_toplevel $t $w]
+	catch {wm attributes $top -type dialog}
 	pave_toplevel $pfx
 }
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
index 372bed9..864b687 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/commit.tcl
@@ -263,10 +263,12 @@
 	global is_detached repo_config
 	global pch_error
 
-	if {$is_detached && $repo_config(gui.warndetachedcommit)} {
+	if {$is_detached
+	    && ![file exists [gitdir rebase-merge head-name]]
+	    && 	[is_config_true gui.warndetachedcommit]} {
 		set msg [mc "You are about to commit on a detached head.\
 This is a potentially dangerous thing to do because if you switch\
-to another branch you will loose your changes and it can be difficult\
+to another branch you will lose your changes and it can be difficult\
 to retrieve them later from the reflog. You should probably cancel this\
 commit and create a new branch to continue.\n\
 \n\
@@ -407,6 +409,7 @@
 	catch {file delete [gitdir MERGE_MSG]}
 	catch {file delete [gitdir SQUASH_MSG]}
 	catch {file delete [gitdir GITGUI_MSG]}
+	catch {file delete [gitdir CHERRY_PICK_HEAD]}
 
 	# -- Let rerere do its thing.
 	#
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
index cf8a95e..ec44055 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/diff.tcl
@@ -309,6 +309,7 @@
 
 	lappend cmd -p
 	lappend cmd --color
+	set cmd [concat $cmd $repo_config(gui.diffopts)]
 	if {$repo_config(gui.diffcontext) >= 1} {
 		lappend cmd "-U$repo_config(gui.diffcontext)"
 	}
@@ -502,9 +503,9 @@
 
 		foreach {posbegin colbegin posend colend} $markup {
 			set prefix clr
-			foreach style [split $colbegin ";"] {
+			foreach style [lsort -integer [split $colbegin ";"]] {
 				if {$style eq "7"} {append prefix i; continue}
-				if {$style < 30 || $style > 47} {continue}
+				if {$style != 4 && ($style < 30 || $style > 47)} {continue}
 				set a "$mark linestart + $posbegin chars"
 				set b "$mark linestart + $posend chars"
 				catch {$ui_diff tag add $prefix$style $a $b}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
index e38b647..8efbbdd 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/index.tcl
@@ -356,21 +356,33 @@
 	global file_states
 
 	set paths [list]
-	set unknown_paths [list]
+	set untracked_paths [list]
 	foreach path [array names file_states] {
 		switch -glob -- [lindex $file_states($path) 0] {
 		U? {continue}
 		?M -
 		?T -
 		?D {lappend paths $path}
-		?O {lappend unknown_paths $path}
+		?O {lappend untracked_paths $path}
 		}
 	}
-	if {[llength $unknown_paths]} {
-		set reply [ask_popup [mc "There are unknown files do you also want
-to stage those?"]]
+	if {[llength $untracked_paths]} {
+		set reply 0
+		switch -- [get_config gui.stageuntracked] {
+		no {
+			set reply 0
+		}
+		yes {
+			set reply 1
+		}
+		ask -
+		default {
+			set reply [ask_popup [mc "Stage %d untracked files?" \
+									  [llength $untracked_paths]]]
+		}
+		}
 		if {$reply} {
-			set paths [concat $paths $unknown_paths]
+			set paths [concat $paths $untracked_paths]
 		}
 	}
 	add_helper {Adding all changed files} $paths
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/line.tcl b/git-gui/lib/line.tcl
index c160012..a026de9 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/line.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/line.tcl
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 	${NS}::frame  $w
 	${NS}::label  $w.l       -text [mc "Goto Line:"]
-	entry  $w.ent \
+	tentry  $w.ent \
 		-textvariable ${__this}::linenum \
 		-background lightgreen \
 		-validate key \
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/option.tcl b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
index 3807c8d..0cf1da1 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/option.tcl
@@ -153,9 +153,12 @@
 		{i-20..200 gui.copyblamethreshold {mc "Minimum Letters To Blame Copy On"}}
 		{i-0..300 gui.blamehistoryctx {mc "Blame History Context Radius (days)"}}
 		{i-1..99 gui.diffcontext {mc "Number of Diff Context Lines"}}
+		{t gui.diffopts {mc "Additional Diff Parameters"}}
 		{i-0..99 gui.commitmsgwidth {mc "Commit Message Text Width"}}
 		{t gui.newbranchtemplate {mc "New Branch Name Template"}}
 		{c gui.encoding {mc "Default File Contents Encoding"}}
+		{b gui.warndetachedcommit {mc "Warn before committing to a detached head"}}
+		{s gui.stageuntracked {mc "Staging of untracked files"} {list "yes" "no" "ask"}}
 		} {
 		set type [lindex $option 0]
 		set name [lindex $option 1]
@@ -208,6 +211,23 @@
 				}
 				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
 			}
+			s {
+				set opts [eval [lindex $option 3]]
+				${NS}::frame $w.$f.$optid
+				${NS}::label $w.$f.$optid.l -text "$text:"
+				if {$use_ttk} {
+					ttk::combobox $w.$f.$optid.v \
+						-textvariable ${f}_config_new($name) \
+						-values $opts -state readonly
+				} else {
+					eval tk_optionMenu $w.$f.$optid.v \
+						${f}_config_new($name) \
+						$opts
+				}
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.l -side left -anchor w -fill x
+				pack $w.$f.$optid.v -side right -anchor e -padx 5
+				pack $w.$f.$optid -side top -anchor w -fill x
+			}
 			}
 		}
 	}
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/search.tcl b/git-gui/lib/search.tcl
index ef3486f..ef1e555 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/search.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/search.tcl
@@ -7,9 +7,16 @@
 field ctext
 
 field searchstring   {}
-field casesensitive  1
+field regexpsearch
+field default_regexpsearch
+field casesensitive
+field default_casesensitive
+field smartcase
 field searchdirn     -forwards
 
+field history
+field history_index
+
 field smarktop
 field smarkbot
 
@@ -18,15 +25,37 @@
 	set w      $i_w
 	set ctext  $i_text
 
+	set default_regexpsearch [is_config_true gui.search.regexp]
+	switch -- [get_config gui.search.case] {
+	no {
+		set default_casesensitive 0
+		set smartcase 0
+	}
+	smart {
+		set default_casesensitive 0
+		set smartcase 1
+	}
+	yes -
+	default {
+		set default_casesensitive 1
+		set smartcase 0
+	}
+	}
+
+	set history [list]
+
 	${NS}::frame  $w
 	${NS}::label  $w.l       -text [mc Find:]
-	entry  $w.ent -textvariable ${__this}::searchstring -background lightgreen
+	tentry  $w.ent -textvariable ${__this}::searchstring -background lightgreen
 	${NS}::button $w.bn      -text [mc Next] -command [cb find_next]
 	${NS}::button $w.bp      -text [mc Prev] -command [cb find_prev]
-	${NS}::checkbutton $w.cs -text [mc Case-Sensitive] \
+	${NS}::checkbutton $w.re -text [mc RegExp] \
+		-variable ${__this}::regexpsearch -command [cb _incrsearch]
+	${NS}::checkbutton $w.cs -text [mc Case] \
 		-variable ${__this}::casesensitive -command [cb _incrsearch]
 	pack   $w.l   -side left
 	pack   $w.cs  -side right
+	pack   $w.re  -side right
 	pack   $w.bp  -side right
 	pack   $w.bn  -side right
 	pack   $w.ent -side left -expand 1 -fill x
@@ -37,6 +66,8 @@
 	trace add variable searchstring write [cb _incrsearch_cb]
 	bind $w.ent <Return> [cb find_next]
 	bind $w.ent <Shift-Return> [cb find_prev]
+	bind $w.ent <Key-Up>   [cb _prev_search]
+	bind $w.ent <Key-Down> [cb _next_search]
 	
 	bind $w <Destroy> [list delete_this $this]
 	return $this
@@ -45,6 +76,10 @@
 method show {} {
 	if {![visible $this]} {
 		grid $w
+		$w.ent delete 0 end
+		set regexpsearch  $default_regexpsearch
+		set casesensitive $default_casesensitive
+		set history_index [llength $history]
 	}
 	focus -force $w.ent
 }
@@ -53,6 +88,7 @@
 	if {[visible $this]} {
 		focus $ctext
 		grid remove $w
+		_save_search $this
 	}
 }
 
@@ -98,6 +134,9 @@
 		upvar $mlenvar mlen
 		lappend cmd -count mlen
 	}
+	if {$regexpsearch} {
+		lappend cmd -regexp
+	}
 	if {!$casesensitive} {
 		lappend cmd -nocase
 	}
@@ -105,14 +144,16 @@
 		set dir $searchdirn
 	}
 	lappend cmd $dir -- $searchstring
-	if {$endbound ne {}} {
-		set here [eval $cmd [list $start] [list $endbound]]
-	} else {
-		set here [eval $cmd [list $start]]
-		if {$here eq {}} {
-			set here [eval $cmd [_get_wrap_anchor $this $dir]]
+	if {[catch {
+		if {$endbound ne {}} {
+			set here [eval $cmd [list $start] [list $endbound]]
+		} else {
+			set here [eval $cmd [list $start]]
+			if {$here eq {}} {
+				set here [eval $cmd [_get_wrap_anchor $this $dir]]
+			}
 		}
-	}
+	} err]} { set here {} }
 	return $here
 }
 
@@ -126,19 +167,76 @@
 		$ctext mark set anchor [_get_new_anchor $this]
 	}
 	if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+		if {$smartcase && [regexp {[[:upper:]]} $searchstring]} {
+			set casesensitive 1
+		}
 		set here [_do_search $this anchor mlen]
 		if {$here ne {}} {
 			$ctext see $here
 			$ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
 			$ctext tag add sel $here "$here + $mlen c"
-			$w.ent configure -background lightgreen
+			#$w.ent configure -background lightgreen
+			$w.ent state !pressed
 			_set_marks $this 1
 		} else {
-			$w.ent configure -background lightpink
+			#$w.ent configure -background lightpink
+			$w.ent state pressed
 		}
+	} elseif {$smartcase} {
+		# clearing the field resets the smart case detection
+		set casesensitive 0
 	}
 }
 
+method _save_search {} {
+	if {$searchstring eq {}} {
+		return
+	}
+	if {[llength $history] > 0} {
+		foreach {s_regexp s_case s_expr} [lindex $history end] break
+	} else {
+		set s_regexp $regexpsearch
+		set s_case   $casesensitive
+		set s_expr   ""
+	}
+	if {$searchstring eq $s_expr} {
+		# update modes
+		set history [lreplace $history end end \
+				[list $regexpsearch $casesensitive $searchstring]]
+	} else {
+		lappend history [list $regexpsearch $casesensitive $searchstring]
+	}
+	set history_index [llength $history]
+}
+
+method _prev_search {} {
+	if {$history_index > 0} {
+		incr history_index -1
+		foreach {s_regexp s_case s_expr} [lindex $history $history_index] break
+		$w.ent delete 0 end
+		$w.ent insert 0 $s_expr
+		set regexpsearch $s_regexp
+		set casesensitive $s_case
+	}
+}
+
+method _next_search {} {
+	if {$history_index < [llength $history]} {
+		incr history_index
+	}
+	if {$history_index < [llength $history]} {
+		foreach {s_regexp s_case s_expr} [lindex $history $history_index] break
+	} else {
+		set s_regexp $default_regexpsearch
+		set s_case   $default_casesensitive
+		set s_expr   ""
+	}
+	$w.ent delete 0 end
+	$w.ent insert 0 $s_expr
+	set regexpsearch $s_regexp
+	set casesensitive $s_case
+}
+
 method find_prev {} {
 	find_next $this -backwards
 }
@@ -149,6 +247,7 @@
 	set searchdirn $dir
 	$ctext mark unset anchor
 	if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+		_save_search $this
 		set start [_get_new_anchor $this]
 		if {$dir eq "-forwards"} {
 			set start "$start + 1c"
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
index 5f75bc9..aa6457b 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/sshkey.tcl
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@
 	} else {
 		set finfo [find_ssh_key]
 		if {$finfo eq {}} {
-			set sshkey_title [mc "Generation succeded, but no keys found."]
+			set sshkey_title [mc "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."]
 			$w.contents insert end $sshkey_output
 		} else {
 			set sshkey_title [mc "Your key is in: %s" [lindex $finfo 0]]
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl b/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl
index 95cb449..02111a1 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/status_bar.tcl
@@ -77,6 +77,7 @@
 
 method update {have total} {
 	set pdone 0
+	set cdone 0
 	if {$total > 0} {
 		set pdone [expr {100 * $have / $total}]
 		set cdone [expr {[winfo width $w_c] * $have / $total}]
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl b/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
index 1da4586..8b88d36 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/themed.tcl
@@ -23,10 +23,59 @@
 	ttk::style configure Gold.TFrame -background gold -relief flat
 	# listboxes should have a theme border so embed in ttk::frame
 	ttk::style layout SListbox.TFrame {
-        SListbox.Frame.Entry.field -sticky news -border true -children {
-            SListbox.Frame.padding -sticky news
-        }
-    }
+		SListbox.Frame.Entry.field -sticky news -border true -children {
+			SListbox.Frame.padding -sticky news
+		}
+	}
+
+	# Handle either current Tk or older versions of 8.5
+	if {[catch {set theme [ttk::style theme use]}]} {
+		set theme  $::ttk::currentTheme
+	}
+
+	if {[lsearch -exact {default alt classic clam} $theme] != -1} {
+		# Simple override of standard ttk::entry to change the field
+		# packground according to a state flag. We should use 'user1'
+		# but not all versions of 8.5 support that so make use of 'pressed'
+		# which is not normally in use for entry widgets.
+		ttk::style layout Edged.Entry [ttk::style layout TEntry]
+		ttk::style map Edged.Entry {*}[ttk::style map TEntry]
+		ttk::style configure Edged.Entry {*}[ttk::style configure TEntry] \
+			-fieldbackground lightgreen
+		ttk::style map Edged.Entry -fieldbackground {
+			{pressed !disabled} lightpink
+		}
+	} else {
+		# For fancier themes, in particular the Windows ones, the field
+		# element may not support changing the background color. So instead
+		# override the fill using the default fill element. If we overrode
+		# the vista theme field element we would loose the themed border
+		# of the widget.
+		catch {
+			ttk::style element create color.fill from default
+		}
+
+		ttk::style layout Edged.Entry {
+			Edged.Entry.field -sticky nswe -border 0 -children {
+				Edged.Entry.border -sticky nswe -border 1 -children {
+					Edged.Entry.padding -sticky nswe -children {
+						Edged.Entry.color.fill -sticky nswe -children {
+							Edged.Entry.textarea -sticky nswe
+						}
+					}
+				}
+			}
+		}
+
+		ttk::style configure Edged.Entry {*}[ttk::style configure TEntry] \
+			-background lightgreen -padding 0 -borderwidth 0
+		ttk::style map Edged.Entry {*}[ttk::style map TEntry] \
+			-background {{pressed !disabled} lightpink}
+	}
+
+	if {[lsearch [bind . <<ThemeChanged>>] InitTheme] == -1} {
+		bind . <<ThemeChanged>> +[namespace code [list InitTheme]]
+	}
 }
 
 proc gold_frame {w args} {
@@ -74,6 +123,7 @@
 # place a themed frame over the surface.
 proc Dialog {w args} {
 	eval [linsert $args 0 toplevel $w -class Dialog]
+	catch {wm attributes $w -type dialog}	
 	pave_toplevel $w
 	return $w
 }
@@ -143,6 +193,47 @@
 	}
 }
 
+proc tentry {w args} {
+	global use_ttk
+	if {$use_ttk} {
+		InitTheme
+		ttk::entry $w -style Edged.Entry
+	} else {
+		entry $w
+	}
+
+	rename $w _$w
+	interp alias {} $w {} tentry_widgetproc $w
+	eval [linsert $args 0 tentry_widgetproc $w configure]
+	return $w
+}
+proc tentry_widgetproc {w cmd args} {
+	global use_ttk
+	switch -- $cmd {
+		state {
+			if {$use_ttk} {
+				return [uplevel 1 [list _$w $cmd] $args]
+			} else {
+				if {[lsearch -exact $args pressed] != -1} {
+					_$w configure -background lightpink
+				} else {
+					_$w configure -background lightgreen
+				}
+			}
+		}
+		configure {
+			if {$use_ttk} {
+				if {[set n [lsearch -exact $args -background]] != -1} {
+					set args [lreplace $args $n [incr n]]
+					if {[llength $args] == 0} {return}
+				}
+			}
+			return [uplevel 1 [list _$w $cmd] $args]
+		}
+		default { return [uplevel 1 [list _$w $cmd] $args] }
+	}
+}
+
 # Tk 8.6 provides a standard font selection dialog. This uses the native
 # dialogs on Windows and MacOSX or a standard Tk dialog on X11.
 proc tchoosefont {w title familyvar sizevar} {
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
index 95e6e55..6ec9411 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/tools.tcl
@@ -87,8 +87,14 @@
 			return
 		}
 	} elseif {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.confirm"]} {
-		if {[ask_popup [mc "Are you sure you want to run %s?" $fullname]] ne {yes}} {
-			return
+		if {[is_config_true "guitool.$fullname.needsfile"]} {
+			if {[ask_popup [mc "Are you sure you want to run %1\$s on file \"%2\$s\"?" $fullname $current_diff_path]] ne {yes}} {
+				return
+			}
+		} else {
+			if {[ask_popup [mc "Are you sure you want to run %s?" $fullname]] ne {yes}} {
+				return
+			}
 		}
 	}
 
diff --git a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
index 7fad9b7..e5d211e 100644
--- a/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/lib/transport.tcl
@@ -124,6 +124,7 @@
 
 	set w .push_setup
 	toplevel $w
+	catch {wm attributes $w -type dialog}
 	wm withdraw $w
 	wm geometry $w "+[winfo rootx .]+[winfo rooty .]"
 	pave_toplevel $w
diff --git a/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
index ddbe633..738bdd0 100644
--- a/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
+++ b/git-gui/macosx/AppMain.tcl
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 } else {
 	set argv0 [file join $gitexecdir [file tail [lindex $argv 0]]]
 	set AppMain_source [file join $gitguilib git-gui.tcl]
-	if {[pwd] eq {/}} {
+	if {[info exists env(PWD)]} {
+		cd $env(PWD)
+	} elseif {[pwd] eq {/}} {
 		cd $env(HOME)
 	}
 }
diff --git a/git-gui/po/de.po b/git-gui/po/de.po
index 44c5ddc..baebff2 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/de.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/de.po
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1154
 msgid "Cannot use bare repository:"
-msgstr "Leeres Projektarchiv kann nicht benutzt werden:"
+msgstr "Bloßes Projektarchiv kann nicht benutzt werden:"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1162
 msgid "No working directory"
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1454
 msgid "Calling prepare-commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Aufrufen der Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Eintragen-Vorbereiten-Kontrolle (»prepare-commit hook«)..."
 
 #: git-gui.sh:1471
 msgid "Commit declined by prepare-commit-msg hook."
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2465 lib/choose_rev.tcl:557
 msgid "Remote"
-msgstr "Andere Archive"
+msgstr "Externe Archive"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:2468
 msgid "Tools"
@@ -478,7 +478,7 @@
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3328
 msgid "Use Remote Version"
-msgstr "Entfernte Version benutzen"
+msgstr "Externe Version benutzen"
 
 #: git-gui.sh:3332
 msgid "Use Local Version"
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:140
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tracking branch %s is not a branch in the remote repository."
-msgstr "Übernahmezweig »%s« ist kein Zweig im anderen Projektarchiv."
+msgstr "Übernahmezweig »%s« ist kein Zweig im externen Projektarchiv."
 
 #: lib/branch_create.tcl:153 lib/branch_rename.tcl:86
 msgid "Please supply a branch name."
@@ -1446,7 +1446,7 @@
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:234
 msgid "Calling pre-commit hook..."
-msgstr "Aufrufen der Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Vor-Eintragen-Kontrolle (»pre-commit hook«)..."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:249
 msgid "Commit declined by pre-commit hook."
@@ -1454,7 +1454,7 @@
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:272
 msgid "Calling commit-msg hook..."
-msgstr "Aufrufen der Versionsbeschreibungs-Kontrolle..."
+msgstr "Aufrufen der Versionsbeschreibungs-Kontrolle (»commit-message hook«)..."
 
 #: lib/commit.tcl:287
 msgid "Commit declined by commit-msg hook."
@@ -2134,11 +2134,11 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:19
 msgid "Add Remote"
-msgstr "Anderes Archiv hinzufügen"
+msgstr "Externes Archiv hinzufügen"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:24
 msgid "Add New Remote"
-msgstr "Neues anderes Archiv hinzufügen"
+msgstr "Neues externes Archiv hinzufügen"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:28 lib/tools_dlg.tcl:36
 msgid "Add"
@@ -2146,7 +2146,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:37
 msgid "Remote Details"
-msgstr "Einzelheiten des anderen Archivs"
+msgstr "Einzelheiten des externen Archivs"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:50
 msgid "Location:"
@@ -2162,7 +2162,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:71
 msgid "Initialize Remote Repository and Push"
-msgstr "Anderes Archiv initialisieren und dahin versenden"
+msgstr "Externes Archiv initialisieren und dahin versenden"
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:77
 msgid "Do Nothing Else Now"
@@ -2170,17 +2170,17 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:101
 msgid "Please supply a remote name."
-msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen des anderen Archivs an."
+msgstr "Bitte geben Sie einen Namen des externen Archivs an."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:114
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "'%s' is not an acceptable remote name."
-msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Name eines anderen Archivs."
+msgstr "»%s« ist kein zulässiger Name eines externen Archivs."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:125
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Failed to add remote '%s' of location '%s'."
-msgstr "Fehler beim Hinzufügen des anderen Archivs »%s« aus Herkunftsort »%s«."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Hinzufügen des externen Archivs »%s« aus Herkunftsort »%s«."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:133 lib/transport.tcl:6
 #, tcl-format
@@ -2195,7 +2195,7 @@
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:157
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Do not know how to initialize repository at location '%s'."
-msgstr "Initialisieren eines anderen Archivs an Adresse »%s« ist nicht möglich."
+msgstr "Initialisieren eines externen Archivs an Adresse »%s« ist nicht möglich."
 
 #: lib/remote_add.tcl:163 lib/transport.tcl:25 lib/transport.tcl:63
 #: lib/transport.tcl:81
@@ -2210,7 +2210,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:29 lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:34
 msgid "Delete Branch Remotely"
-msgstr "Zweig in anderem Archiv löschen"
+msgstr "Zweig in externem Archiv löschen"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:47
 msgid "From Repository"
@@ -2218,7 +2218,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:50 lib/transport.tcl:134
 msgid "Remote:"
-msgstr "Anderes Archiv:"
+msgstr "Externes Archiv:"
 
 #: lib/remote_branch_delete.tcl:66 lib/transport.tcl:149
 msgid "Arbitrary Location:"
@@ -2281,7 +2281,7 @@
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:163
 msgid "Remove Remote"
-msgstr "Anderes Archiv entfernen"
+msgstr "Externes Archiv entfernen"
 
 #: lib/remote.tcl:168
 msgid "Prune from"
@@ -2397,7 +2397,7 @@
 msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung fehlgeschlagen."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "Schlüsselerzeugung erfolgreich, aber keine Schlüssel gefunden."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/fr.po b/git-gui/po/fr.po
index 8170696..40441db 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/fr.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/fr.po
@@ -2399,7 +2399,7 @@
 msgstr "La génération a échoué."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "La génération a réussi, mais aucune clé n'a été trouvée."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
index 1ae2aaa..0c94f9c 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
+++ b/git-gui/po/git-gui.pot
@@ -2203,7 +2203,7 @@
 msgstr ""
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr ""
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/hu.po b/git-gui/po/hu.po
index 0f87bc1..d106dad 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/hu.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/hu.po
@@ -2354,7 +2354,7 @@
 msgstr "A generálás nem sikerült."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "A generálás sikeres, de egy kulcs se található."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/it.po b/git-gui/po/it.po
index aa15a20..1bd8b8e 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/it.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/it.po
@@ -2397,7 +2397,7 @@
 msgstr "Errore durante la creazione della chiave."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "La chiave è stata creata con successo, ma non è stata trovata."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ja.po b/git-gui/po/ja.po
index 1501798..9aff249 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ja.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ja.po
@@ -2362,7 +2362,7 @@
 msgstr "生成に失敗しました。"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "生成には成功しましたが、鍵が見つかりません。"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/nb.po b/git-gui/po/nb.po
index 6de93c2..d66aa50 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/nb.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/nb.po
@@ -2286,7 +2286,7 @@
 msgstr "Generering feilet."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "Generering vellykket, men ingen nøkler er funnet."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/pt_br.po b/git-gui/po/pt_br.po
index b175b97..bad116c 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/pt_br.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/pt_br.po
@@ -2375,7 +2375,7 @@
 msgstr "A geração da chave falhou."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "A geração da chave foi bem-sucedida, mas nenhuma chave foi encontrada."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/ru.po b/git-gui/po/ru.po
index 30f4b77..ca4343b 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/ru.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/ru.po
@@ -2370,7 +2370,7 @@
 msgstr "Ключ не создан."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:118
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "Создание ключа завершилось, но результат не был найден"
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:121
diff --git a/git-gui/po/sv.po b/git-gui/po/sv.po
index 24cc4e3..fcb063f 100644
--- a/git-gui/po/sv.po
+++ b/git-gui/po/sv.po
@@ -2382,7 +2382,7 @@
 msgstr "Misslyckades med att skapa."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:120
-msgid "Generation succeded, but no keys found."
+msgid "Generation succeeded, but no keys found."
 msgstr "Lyckades skapa nyckeln, men hittar inte någon nyckel."
 
 #: lib/sshkey.tcl:123
diff --git a/git-mergetool--lib.sh b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
index ed630b2..f013a03 100644
--- a/git-mergetool--lib.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool--lib.sh
@@ -104,14 +104,50 @@
 
 	if merge_mode
 	then
-		merge_cmd "$1"
+		run_merge_cmd "$1"
 	else
-		diff_cmd "$1"
+		run_diff_cmd "$1"
 	fi
 	return $status
 }
 
-guess_merge_tool () {
+# Run a either a configured or built-in diff tool
+run_diff_cmd () {
+	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+	if test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"
+	then
+		( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+		status=$?
+		return $status
+	else
+		diff_cmd "$1"
+	fi
+}
+
+# Run a either a configured or built-in merge tool
+run_merge_cmd () {
+	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
+	if test -n "$merge_tool_cmd"
+	then
+		trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool \
+			mergetool."$1".trustExitCode || echo false)"
+		if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"
+		then
+			touch "$BACKUP"
+			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+			status=$?
+			check_unchanged
+		else
+			( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
+			status=$?
+		fi
+		return $status
+	else
+		merge_cmd "$1"
+	fi
+}
+
+list_merge_tool_candidates () {
 	if merge_mode
 	then
 		tools="tortoisemerge"
@@ -126,7 +162,7 @@
 		else
 			tools="opendiff kdiff3 tkdiff xxdiff meld $tools"
 		fi
-		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge p4merge araxis bc3"
+		tools="$tools gvimdiff diffuse ecmerge p4merge araxis bc3 codecompare"
 	fi
 	case "${VISUAL:-$EDITOR}" in
 	*vim*)
@@ -136,6 +172,10 @@
 		tools="$tools emerge vimdiff"
 		;;
 	esac
+}
+
+guess_merge_tool () {
+	list_merge_tool_candidates
 	echo >&2 "merge tool candidates: $tools"
 
 	# Loop over each candidate and stop when a valid merge tool is found.
diff --git a/git-mergetool.sh b/git-mergetool.sh
index 085e213..c50e18a 100755
--- a/git-mergetool.sh
+++ b/git-mergetool.sh
@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
 # at the discretion of Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--tool=tool] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [file to merge] ...'
+USAGE='[--tool=tool] [--tool-help] [-y|--no-prompt|--prompt] [file to merge] ...'
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 TOOL_MODE=merge
@@ -18,324 +18,399 @@
 
 # Returns true if the mode reflects a symlink
 is_symlink () {
-    test "$1" = 120000
+	test "$1" = 120000
 }
 
 is_submodule () {
-    test "$1" = 160000
+	test "$1" = 160000
 }
 
 local_present () {
-    test -n "$local_mode"
+	test -n "$local_mode"
 }
 
 remote_present () {
-    test -n "$remote_mode"
+	test -n "$remote_mode"
 }
 
 base_present () {
-    test -n "$base_mode"
+	test -n "$base_mode"
 }
 
 cleanup_temp_files () {
-    if test "$1" = --save-backup ; then
-	rm -rf -- "$MERGED.orig"
-	test -e "$BACKUP" && mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
-	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE"
-    else
-	rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$BACKUP"
-    fi
+	if test "$1" = --save-backup
+	then
+		rm -rf -- "$MERGED.orig"
+		test -e "$BACKUP" && mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
+		rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE"
+	else
+		rm -f -- "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" "$BACKUP"
+	fi
 }
 
 describe_file () {
-    mode="$1"
-    branch="$2"
-    file="$3"
+	mode="$1"
+	branch="$2"
+	file="$3"
 
-    printf "  {%s}: " "$branch"
-    if test -z "$mode"; then
-	echo "deleted"
-    elif is_symlink "$mode" ; then
-	echo "a symbolic link -> '$(cat "$file")'"
-    elif is_submodule "$mode" ; then
-	echo "submodule commit $file"
-    else
-	if base_present; then
-	    echo "modified file"
+	printf "  {%s}: " "$branch"
+	if test -z "$mode"
+	then
+		echo "deleted"
+	elif is_symlink "$mode"
+	then
+		echo "a symbolic link -> '$(cat "$file")'"
+	elif is_submodule "$mode"
+	then
+		echo "submodule commit $file"
+	elif base_present
+	then
+		echo "modified file"
 	else
-	    echo "created file"
+		echo "created file"
 	fi
-    fi
 }
 
-
 resolve_symlink_merge () {
-    while true; do
-	printf "Use (l)ocal or (r)emote, or (a)bort? "
-	read ans || return 1
-	case "$ans" in
-	    [lL]*)
-		git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
-		git add -- "$MERGED"
-		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [rR]*)
-		git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
-		git add -- "$MERGED"
-		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [aA]*)
-		return 1
-		;;
-	    esac
+	while true
+	do
+		printf "Use (l)ocal or (r)emote, or (a)bort? "
+		read ans || return 1
+		case "$ans" in
+		[lL]*)
+			git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
+			git add -- "$MERGED"
+			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[rR]*)
+			git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
+			git add -- "$MERGED"
+			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[aA]*)
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
 	done
 }
 
 resolve_deleted_merge () {
-    while true; do
-	if base_present; then
-	    printf "Use (m)odified or (d)eleted file, or (a)bort? "
-	else
-	    printf "Use (c)reated or (d)eleted file, or (a)bort? "
-	fi
-	read ans || return 1
-	case "$ans" in
-	    [mMcC]*)
-		git add -- "$MERGED"
-		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [dD]*)
-		git rm -- "$MERGED" > /dev/null
-		cleanup_temp_files
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [aA]*)
-		return 1
-		;;
-	    esac
+	while true
+	do
+		if base_present
+		then
+			printf "Use (m)odified or (d)eleted file, or (a)bort? "
+		else
+			printf "Use (c)reated or (d)eleted file, or (a)bort? "
+		fi
+		read ans || return 1
+		case "$ans" in
+		[mMcC]*)
+			git add -- "$MERGED"
+			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[dD]*)
+			git rm -- "$MERGED" > /dev/null
+			cleanup_temp_files
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[aA]*)
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
 	done
 }
 
 resolve_submodule_merge () {
-    while true; do
-	printf "Use (l)ocal or (r)emote, or (a)bort? "
-	read ans || return 1
-	case "$ans" in
-	    [lL]*)
-		if ! local_present; then
-		    if test -n "$(git ls-tree HEAD -- "$MERGED")"; then
-			# Local isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
-			git ls-tree --full-name -r HEAD -- "$MERGED" | git update-index --index-info || exit $?
-		    else
-			test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-			git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
+	while true
+	do
+		printf "Use (l)ocal or (r)emote, or (a)bort? "
+		read ans || return 1
+		case "$ans" in
+		[lL]*)
+			if ! local_present
+			then
+				if test -n "$(git ls-tree HEAD -- "$MERGED")"
+				then
+					# Local isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
+					git ls-tree --full-name -r HEAD -- "$MERGED" |
+					git update-index --index-info || exit $?
+				else
+					test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+					git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
+					cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
+				fi
+			elif is_submodule "$local_mode"
+			then
+				stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$local_sha1"
+			else
+				git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
+				git add -- "$MERGED"
+			fi
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[rR]*)
+			if ! remote_present
+			then
+				if test -n "$(git ls-tree MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED")"
+				then
+					# Remote isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
+					git ls-tree --full-name -r MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED" |
+					git update-index --index-info || exit $?
+				else
+					test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+					git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
+				fi
+			elif is_submodule "$remote_mode"
+			then
+				! is_submodule "$local_mode" &&
+				test -e "$MERGED" &&
+				mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+				stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$remote_sha1"
+			else
+				test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+				git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
+				git add -- "$MERGED"
+			fi
 			cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		    fi
-		elif is_submodule "$local_mode"; then
-		    stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$local_sha1"
-		else
-		    git checkout-index -f --stage=2 -- "$MERGED"
-		    git add -- "$MERGED"
-		fi
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [rR]*)
-		if ! remote_present; then
-		    if test -n "$(git ls-tree MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED")"; then
-			# Remote isn't present, but it's a subdirectory
-			git ls-tree --full-name -r MERGE_HEAD -- "$MERGED" | git update-index --index-info || exit $?
-		    else
-			test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-			git update-index --force-remove "$MERGED"
-		    fi
-		elif is_submodule "$remote_mode"; then
-		    ! is_submodule "$local_mode" && test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-		    stage_submodule "$MERGED" "$remote_sha1"
-		else
-		    test -e "$MERGED" && mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-		    git checkout-index -f --stage=3 -- "$MERGED"
-		    git add -- "$MERGED"
-		fi
-		cleanup_temp_files --save-backup
-		return 0
-		;;
-	    [aA]*)
-		return 1
-		;;
-	    esac
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[aA]*)
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
 	done
 }
 
 stage_submodule () {
-    path="$1"
-    submodule_sha1="$2"
-    mkdir -p "$path" || die "fatal: unable to create directory for module at $path"
-    # Find $path relative to work tree
-    work_tree_root=$(cd_to_toplevel && pwd)
-    work_rel_path=$(cd "$path" && GIT_WORK_TREE="${work_tree_root}" git rev-parse --show-prefix)
-    test -n "$work_rel_path" || die "fatal: unable to get path of module $path relative to work tree"
-    git update-index --add --replace --cacheinfo 160000 "$submodule_sha1" "${work_rel_path%/}" || die
+	path="$1"
+	submodule_sha1="$2"
+	mkdir -p "$path" ||
+	die "fatal: unable to create directory for module at $path"
+	# Find $path relative to work tree
+	work_tree_root=$(cd_to_toplevel && pwd)
+	work_rel_path=$(cd "$path" &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE="${work_tree_root}" git rev-parse --show-prefix
+	)
+	test -n "$work_rel_path" ||
+	die "fatal: unable to get path of module $path relative to work tree"
+	git update-index --add --replace --cacheinfo 160000 "$submodule_sha1" "${work_rel_path%/}" || die
 }
 
 checkout_staged_file () {
-    tmpfile=$(expr "$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2")" : '\([^	]*\)	')
+	tmpfile=$(expr \
+		"$(git checkout-index --temp --stage="$1" "$2" 2>/dev/null)" \
+		: '\([^	]*\)	')
 
-    if test $? -eq 0 -a -n "$tmpfile" ; then
-	mv -- "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)$tmpfile" "$3"
-    fi
+	if test $? -eq 0 -a -n "$tmpfile"
+	then
+		mv -- "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)$tmpfile" "$3"
+	else
+		>"$3"
+	fi
 }
 
 merge_file () {
-    MERGED="$1"
+	MERGED="$1"
 
-    f=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED")
-    if test -z "$f" ; then
-	if test ! -f "$MERGED" ; then
-	    echo "$MERGED: file not found"
+	f=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED")
+	if test -z "$f"
+	then
+		if test ! -f "$MERGED"
+		then
+			echo "$MERGED: file not found"
+		else
+			echo "$MERGED: file does not need merging"
+		fi
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	ext="$$$(expr "$MERGED" : '.*\(\.[^/]*\)$')"
+	BACKUP="./$MERGED.BACKUP.$ext"
+	LOCAL="./$MERGED.LOCAL.$ext"
+	REMOTE="./$MERGED.REMOTE.$ext"
+	BASE="./$MERGED.BASE.$ext"
+
+	base_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}')
+	local_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}')
+	remote_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}')
+
+	if is_submodule "$local_mode" || is_submodule "$remote_mode"
+	then
+		echo "Submodule merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
+		local_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $2;}')
+		remote_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $2;}')
+		describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$local_sha1"
+		describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$remote_sha1"
+		resolve_submodule_merge
+		return
+	fi
+
+	mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
+	cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
+
+	checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
+	checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
+	checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
+
+	if test -z "$local_mode" -o -z "$remote_mode"
+	then
+		echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
+		describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
+		describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
+		resolve_deleted_merge
+		return
+	fi
+
+	if is_symlink "$local_mode" || is_symlink "$remote_mode"
+	then
+		echo "Symbolic link merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
+		describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
+		describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
+		resolve_symlink_merge
+		return
+	fi
+
+	echo "Normal merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
+	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
+	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
+	if "$prompt" = true
+	then
+		printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
+		read ans || return 1
+	fi
+
+	if base_present
+	then
+		present=true
 	else
-	    echo "$MERGED: file does not need merging"
-	fi
-	return 1
-    fi
-
-    ext="$$$(expr "$MERGED" : '.*\(\.[^/]*\)$')"
-    BACKUP="./$MERGED.BACKUP.$ext"
-    LOCAL="./$MERGED.LOCAL.$ext"
-    REMOTE="./$MERGED.REMOTE.$ext"
-    BASE="./$MERGED.BASE.$ext"
-
-    base_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==1) print $1;}')
-    local_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $1;}')
-    remote_mode=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $1;}')
-
-    if is_submodule "$local_mode" || is_submodule "$remote_mode"; then
-	echo "Submodule merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
-	local_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==2) print $2;}')
-	remote_sha1=$(git ls-files -u -- "$MERGED" | awk '{if ($3==3) print $2;}')
-	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$local_sha1"
-	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$remote_sha1"
-	resolve_submodule_merge
-	return
-    fi
-
-    mv -- "$MERGED" "$BACKUP"
-    cp -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
-
-    base_present   && checkout_staged_file 1 "$MERGED" "$BASE"
-    local_present  && checkout_staged_file 2 "$MERGED" "$LOCAL"
-    remote_present && checkout_staged_file 3 "$MERGED" "$REMOTE"
-
-    if test -z "$local_mode" -o -z "$remote_mode"; then
-	echo "Deleted merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
-	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
-	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
-	resolve_deleted_merge
-	return
-    fi
-
-    if is_symlink "$local_mode" || is_symlink "$remote_mode"; then
-	echo "Symbolic link merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
-	describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
-	describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
-	resolve_symlink_merge
-	return
-    fi
-
-    echo "Normal merge conflict for '$MERGED':"
-    describe_file "$local_mode" "local" "$LOCAL"
-    describe_file "$remote_mode" "remote" "$REMOTE"
-    if "$prompt" = true; then
-	printf "Hit return to start merge resolution tool (%s): " "$merge_tool"
-	read ans || return 1
-    fi
-
-    if base_present; then
-	    present=true
-    else
-	    present=false
-    fi
-
-    if ! run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" "$present"; then
-	echo "merge of $MERGED failed" 1>&2
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
-
-	if test "$merge_keep_temporaries" = "false"; then
-	    cleanup_temp_files
+		present=false
 	fi
 
-	return 1
-    fi
+	if ! run_merge_tool "$merge_tool" "$present"
+	then
+		echo "merge of $MERGED failed" 1>&2
+		mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED"
 
-    if test "$merge_keep_backup" = "true"; then
-	mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
-    else
-	rm -- "$BACKUP"
-    fi
+		if test "$merge_keep_temporaries" = "false"
+		then
+			cleanup_temp_files
+		fi
 
-    git add -- "$MERGED"
-    cleanup_temp_files
-    return 0
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	if test "$merge_keep_backup" = "true"
+	then
+		mv -- "$BACKUP" "$MERGED.orig"
+	else
+		rm -- "$BACKUP"
+	fi
+
+	git add -- "$MERGED"
+	cleanup_temp_files
+	return 0
+}
+
+show_tool_help () {
+	TOOL_MODE=merge
+	list_merge_tool_candidates
+	unavailable= available= LF='
+'
+	for i in $tools
+	do
+		merge_tool_path=$(translate_merge_tool_path "$i")
+		if type "$merge_tool_path" >/dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			available="$available$i$LF"
+		else
+			unavailable="$unavailable$i$LF"
+		fi
+	done
+	if test -n "$available"
+	then
+		echo "'git mergetool --tool=<tool>' may be set to one of the following:"
+		echo "$available" | sort | sed -e 's/^/	/'
+	else
+		echo "No suitable tool for 'git mergetool --tool=<tool>' found."
+	fi
+	if test -n "$unavailable"
+	then
+		echo
+		echo 'The following tools are valid, but not currently available:'
+		echo "$unavailable" | sort | sed -e 's/^/	/'
+	fi
+	if test -n "$unavailable$available"
+	then
+		echo
+		echo "Some of the tools listed above only work in a windowed"
+		echo "environment. If run in a terminal-only session, they will fail."
+	fi
+	exit 0
 }
 
 prompt=$(git config --bool mergetool.prompt || echo true)
 
 while test $# != 0
 do
-    case "$1" in
-	-t|--tool*)
-	    case "$#,$1" in
-		*,*=*)
-		    merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
-		    ;;
-		1,*)
-		    usage ;;
-		*)
-		    merge_tool="$2"
-		    shift ;;
-	    esac
-	    ;;
-	-y|--no-prompt)
-	    prompt=false
-	    ;;
-	--prompt)
-	    prompt=true
-	    ;;
-	--)
-	    shift
-	    break
-	    ;;
-	-*)
-	    usage
-	    ;;
-	*)
-	    break
-	    ;;
-    esac
-    shift
-done
-
-prompt_after_failed_merge() {
-    while true; do
-	printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths (y/n) ? "
-	read ans || return 1
-	case "$ans" in
-
-	    [yY]*)
-		return 0
+	case "$1" in
+	--tool-help)
+		show_tool_help
 		;;
-
-	    [nN]*)
-		return 1
+	-t|--tool*)
+		case "$#,$1" in
+		*,*=*)
+			merge_tool=$(expr "z$1" : 'z-[^=]*=\(.*\)')
+			;;
+		1,*)
+			usage ;;
+		*)
+			merge_tool="$2"
+			shift ;;
+		esac
+		;;
+	-y|--no-prompt)
+		prompt=false
+		;;
+	--prompt)
+		prompt=true
+		;;
+	--)
+		shift
+		break
+		;;
+	-*)
+		usage
+		;;
+	*)
+		break
 		;;
 	esac
-    done
+	shift
+done
+
+prompt_after_failed_merge () {
+	while true
+	do
+		printf "Continue merging other unresolved paths (y/n) ? "
+		read ans || return 1
+		case "$ans" in
+		[yY]*)
+			return 0
+			;;
+		[nN]*)
+			return 1
+			;;
+		esac
+	done
 }
 
-if test -z "$merge_tool"; then
-    merge_tool=$(get_merge_tool "$merge_tool") || exit
+if test -z "$merge_tool"
+then
+	merge_tool=$(get_merge_tool "$merge_tool") || exit
 fi
 merge_keep_backup="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepBackup || echo true)"
 merge_keep_temporaries="$(git config --bool mergetool.keepTemporaries || echo false)"
@@ -344,22 +419,24 @@
 rollup_status=0
 files=
 
-if test $# -eq 0 ; then
-    cd_to_toplevel
+if test $# -eq 0
+then
+	cd_to_toplevel
 
-    if test -e "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
-    then
-	files=$(git rerere remaining)
-    else
-	files=$(git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
-    fi
+	if test -e "$GIT_DIR/MERGE_RR"
+	then
+		files=$(git rerere remaining)
+	else
+		files=$(git ls-files -u | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
+	fi
 else
-    files=$(git ls-files -u -- "$@" | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
+	files=$(git ls-files -u -- "$@" | sed -e 's/^[^	]*	//' | sort -u)
 fi
 
-if test -z "$files" ; then
-    echo "No files need merging"
-    exit 0
+if test -z "$files"
+then
+	echo "No files need merging"
+	exit 0
 fi
 
 printf "Merging:\n"
@@ -369,15 +446,17 @@
 '
 for i in $files
 do
-    if test $last_status -ne 0; then
-	prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
-    fi
-    printf "\n"
-    merge_file "$i"
-    last_status=$?
-    if test $last_status -ne 0; then
-	rollup_status=1
-    fi
+	if test $last_status -ne 0
+	then
+		prompt_after_failed_merge || exit 1
+	fi
+	printf "\n"
+	merge_file "$i"
+	last_status=$?
+	if test $last_status -ne 0
+	then
+		rollup_status=1
+	fi
 done
 
 exit $rollup_status
diff --git a/git-p4.py b/git-p4.py
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..647f110
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-p4.py
@@ -0,0 +1,3373 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+#
+# git-p4.py -- A tool for bidirectional operation between a Perforce depot and git.
+#
+# Author: Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
+# Copyright: 2007 Simon Hausmann <simon@lst.de>
+#            2007 Trolltech ASA
+# License: MIT <http://www.opensource.org/licenses/mit-license.php>
+#
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+    # The limiter is the subprocess module
+    sys.stderr.write("git-p4: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
+import os
+import optparse
+import marshal
+import subprocess
+import tempfile
+import time
+import platform
+import re
+import shutil
+import stat
+
+try:
+    from subprocess import CalledProcessError
+except ImportError:
+    # from python2.7:subprocess.py
+    # Exception classes used by this module.
+    class CalledProcessError(Exception):
+        """This exception is raised when a process run by check_call() returns
+        a non-zero exit status.  The exit status will be stored in the
+        returncode attribute."""
+        def __init__(self, returncode, cmd):
+            self.returncode = returncode
+            self.cmd = cmd
+        def __str__(self):
+            return "Command '%s' returned non-zero exit status %d" % (self.cmd, self.returncode)
+
+verbose = False
+
+# Only labels/tags matching this will be imported/exported
+defaultLabelRegexp = r'[a-zA-Z0-9_\-.]+$'
+
+def p4_build_cmd(cmd):
+    """Build a suitable p4 command line.
+
+    This consolidates building and returning a p4 command line into one
+    location. It means that hooking into the environment, or other configuration
+    can be done more easily.
+    """
+    real_cmd = ["p4"]
+
+    user = gitConfig("git-p4.user")
+    if len(user) > 0:
+        real_cmd += ["-u",user]
+
+    password = gitConfig("git-p4.password")
+    if len(password) > 0:
+        real_cmd += ["-P", password]
+
+    port = gitConfig("git-p4.port")
+    if len(port) > 0:
+        real_cmd += ["-p", port]
+
+    host = gitConfig("git-p4.host")
+    if len(host) > 0:
+        real_cmd += ["-H", host]
+
+    client = gitConfig("git-p4.client")
+    if len(client) > 0:
+        real_cmd += ["-c", client]
+
+
+    if isinstance(cmd,basestring):
+        real_cmd = ' '.join(real_cmd) + ' ' + cmd
+    else:
+        real_cmd += cmd
+    return real_cmd
+
+def chdir(dir):
+    # P4 uses the PWD environment variable rather than getcwd(). Since we're
+    # not using the shell, we have to set it ourselves.  This path could
+    # be relative, so go there first, then figure out where we ended up.
+    os.chdir(dir)
+    os.environ['PWD'] = os.getcwd()
+
+def die(msg):
+    if verbose:
+        raise Exception(msg)
+    else:
+        sys.stderr.write(msg + "\n")
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+def write_pipe(c, stdin):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Writing pipe: %s\n' % str(c))
+
+    expand = isinstance(c,basestring)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(c, stdin=subprocess.PIPE, shell=expand)
+    pipe = p.stdin
+    val = pipe.write(stdin)
+    pipe.close()
+    if p.wait():
+        die('Command failed: %s' % str(c))
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_write_pipe(c, stdin):
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return write_pipe(real_cmd, stdin)
+
+def read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % str(c))
+
+    expand = isinstance(c,basestring)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(c, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=expand)
+    pipe = p.stdout
+    val = pipe.read()
+    if p.wait() and not ignore_error:
+        die('Command failed: %s' % str(c))
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_read_pipe(c, ignore_error=False):
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return read_pipe(real_cmd, ignore_error)
+
+def read_pipe_lines(c):
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write('Reading pipe: %s\n' % str(c))
+
+    expand = isinstance(c, basestring)
+    p = subprocess.Popen(c, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, shell=expand)
+    pipe = p.stdout
+    val = pipe.readlines()
+    if pipe.close() or p.wait():
+        die('Command failed: %s' % str(c))
+
+    return val
+
+def p4_read_pipe_lines(c):
+    """Specifically invoke p4 on the command supplied. """
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(c)
+    return read_pipe_lines(real_cmd)
+
+def p4_has_command(cmd):
+    """Ask p4 for help on this command.  If it returns an error, the
+       command does not exist in this version of p4."""
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(["help", cmd])
+    p = subprocess.Popen(real_cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                   stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    p.communicate()
+    return p.returncode == 0
+
+def p4_has_move_command():
+    """See if the move command exists, that it supports -k, and that
+       it has not been administratively disabled.  The arguments
+       must be correct, but the filenames do not have to exist.  Use
+       ones with wildcards so even if they exist, it will fail."""
+
+    if not p4_has_command("move"):
+        return False
+    cmd = p4_build_cmd(["move", "-k", "@from", "@to"])
+    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    (out, err) = p.communicate()
+    # return code will be 1 in either case
+    if err.find("Invalid option") >= 0:
+        return False
+    if err.find("disabled") >= 0:
+        return False
+    # assume it failed because @... was invalid changelist
+    return True
+
+def system(cmd):
+    expand = isinstance(cmd,basestring)
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write("executing %s\n" % str(cmd))
+    retcode = subprocess.call(cmd, shell=expand)
+    if retcode:
+        raise CalledProcessError(retcode, cmd)
+
+def p4_system(cmd):
+    """Specifically invoke p4 as the system command. """
+    real_cmd = p4_build_cmd(cmd)
+    expand = isinstance(real_cmd, basestring)
+    retcode = subprocess.call(real_cmd, shell=expand)
+    if retcode:
+        raise CalledProcessError(retcode, real_cmd)
+
+_p4_version_string = None
+def p4_version_string():
+    """Read the version string, showing just the last line, which
+       hopefully is the interesting version bit.
+
+       $ p4 -V
+       Perforce - The Fast Software Configuration Management System.
+       Copyright 1995-2011 Perforce Software.  All rights reserved.
+       Rev. P4/NTX86/2011.1/393975 (2011/12/16).
+    """
+    global _p4_version_string
+    if not _p4_version_string:
+        a = p4_read_pipe_lines(["-V"])
+        _p4_version_string = a[-1].rstrip()
+    return _p4_version_string
+
+def p4_integrate(src, dest):
+    p4_system(["integrate", "-Dt", wildcard_encode(src), wildcard_encode(dest)])
+
+def p4_sync(f, *options):
+    p4_system(["sync"] + list(options) + [wildcard_encode(f)])
+
+def p4_add(f):
+    # forcibly add file names with wildcards
+    if wildcard_present(f):
+        p4_system(["add", "-f", f])
+    else:
+        p4_system(["add", f])
+
+def p4_delete(f):
+    p4_system(["delete", wildcard_encode(f)])
+
+def p4_edit(f):
+    p4_system(["edit", wildcard_encode(f)])
+
+def p4_revert(f):
+    p4_system(["revert", wildcard_encode(f)])
+
+def p4_reopen(type, f):
+    p4_system(["reopen", "-t", type, wildcard_encode(f)])
+
+def p4_move(src, dest):
+    p4_system(["move", "-k", wildcard_encode(src), wildcard_encode(dest)])
+
+def p4_describe(change):
+    """Make sure it returns a valid result by checking for
+       the presence of field "time".  Return a dict of the
+       results."""
+
+    ds = p4CmdList(["describe", "-s", str(change)])
+    if len(ds) != 1:
+        die("p4 describe -s %d did not return 1 result: %s" % (change, str(ds)))
+
+    d = ds[0]
+
+    if "p4ExitCode" in d:
+        die("p4 describe -s %d exited with %d: %s" % (change, d["p4ExitCode"],
+                                                      str(d)))
+    if "code" in d:
+        if d["code"] == "error":
+            die("p4 describe -s %d returned error code: %s" % (change, str(d)))
+
+    if "time" not in d:
+        die("p4 describe -s %d returned no \"time\": %s" % (change, str(d)))
+
+    return d
+
+#
+# Canonicalize the p4 type and return a tuple of the
+# base type, plus any modifiers.  See "p4 help filetypes"
+# for a list and explanation.
+#
+def split_p4_type(p4type):
+
+    p4_filetypes_historical = {
+        "ctempobj": "binary+Sw",
+        "ctext": "text+C",
+        "cxtext": "text+Cx",
+        "ktext": "text+k",
+        "kxtext": "text+kx",
+        "ltext": "text+F",
+        "tempobj": "binary+FSw",
+        "ubinary": "binary+F",
+        "uresource": "resource+F",
+        "uxbinary": "binary+Fx",
+        "xbinary": "binary+x",
+        "xltext": "text+Fx",
+        "xtempobj": "binary+Swx",
+        "xtext": "text+x",
+        "xunicode": "unicode+x",
+        "xutf16": "utf16+x",
+    }
+    if p4type in p4_filetypes_historical:
+        p4type = p4_filetypes_historical[p4type]
+    mods = ""
+    s = p4type.split("+")
+    base = s[0]
+    mods = ""
+    if len(s) > 1:
+        mods = s[1]
+    return (base, mods)
+
+#
+# return the raw p4 type of a file (text, text+ko, etc)
+#
+def p4_type(file):
+    results = p4CmdList(["fstat", "-T", "headType", file])
+    return results[0]['headType']
+
+#
+# Given a type base and modifier, return a regexp matching
+# the keywords that can be expanded in the file
+#
+def p4_keywords_regexp_for_type(base, type_mods):
+    if base in ("text", "unicode", "binary"):
+        kwords = None
+        if "ko" in type_mods:
+            kwords = 'Id|Header'
+        elif "k" in type_mods:
+            kwords = 'Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision'
+        else:
+            return None
+        pattern = r"""
+            \$              # Starts with a dollar, followed by...
+            (%s)            # one of the keywords, followed by...
+            (:[^$\n]+)?     # possibly an old expansion, followed by...
+            \$              # another dollar
+            """ % kwords
+        return pattern
+    else:
+        return None
+
+#
+# Given a file, return a regexp matching the possible
+# RCS keywords that will be expanded, or None for files
+# with kw expansion turned off.
+#
+def p4_keywords_regexp_for_file(file):
+    if not os.path.exists(file):
+        return None
+    else:
+        (type_base, type_mods) = split_p4_type(p4_type(file))
+        return p4_keywords_regexp_for_type(type_base, type_mods)
+
+def setP4ExecBit(file, mode):
+    # Reopens an already open file and changes the execute bit to match
+    # the execute bit setting in the passed in mode.
+
+    p4Type = "+x"
+
+    if not isModeExec(mode):
+        p4Type = getP4OpenedType(file)
+        p4Type = re.sub('^([cku]?)x(.*)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
+        p4Type = re.sub('(.*?\+.*?)x(.*?)', '\\1\\2', p4Type)
+        if p4Type[-1] == "+":
+            p4Type = p4Type[0:-1]
+
+    p4_reopen(p4Type, file)
+
+def getP4OpenedType(file):
+    # Returns the perforce file type for the given file.
+
+    result = p4_read_pipe(["opened", wildcard_encode(file)])
+    match = re.match(".*\((.+)\)\r?$", result)
+    if match:
+        return match.group(1)
+    else:
+        die("Could not determine file type for %s (result: '%s')" % (file, result))
+
+# Return the set of all p4 labels
+def getP4Labels(depotPaths):
+    labels = set()
+    if isinstance(depotPaths,basestring):
+        depotPaths = [depotPaths]
+
+    for l in p4CmdList(["labels"] + ["%s..." % p for p in depotPaths]):
+        label = l['label']
+        labels.add(label)
+
+    return labels
+
+# Return the set of all git tags
+def getGitTags():
+    gitTags = set()
+    for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "tag"]):
+        tag = line.strip()
+        gitTags.add(tag)
+    return gitTags
+
+def diffTreePattern():
+    # This is a simple generator for the diff tree regex pattern. This could be
+    # a class variable if this and parseDiffTreeEntry were a part of a class.
+    pattern = re.compile(':(\d+) (\d+) (\w+) (\w+) ([A-Z])(\d+)?\t(.*?)((\t(.*))|$)')
+    while True:
+        yield pattern
+
+def parseDiffTreeEntry(entry):
+    """Parses a single diff tree entry into its component elements.
+
+    See git-diff-tree(1) manpage for details about the format of the diff
+    output. This method returns a dictionary with the following elements:
+
+    src_mode - The mode of the source file
+    dst_mode - The mode of the destination file
+    src_sha1 - The sha1 for the source file
+    dst_sha1 - The sha1 fr the destination file
+    status - The one letter status of the diff (i.e. 'A', 'M', 'D', etc)
+    status_score - The score for the status (applicable for 'C' and 'R'
+                   statuses). This is None if there is no score.
+    src - The path for the source file.
+    dst - The path for the destination file. This is only present for
+          copy or renames. If it is not present, this is None.
+
+    If the pattern is not matched, None is returned."""
+
+    match = diffTreePattern().next().match(entry)
+    if match:
+        return {
+            'src_mode': match.group(1),
+            'dst_mode': match.group(2),
+            'src_sha1': match.group(3),
+            'dst_sha1': match.group(4),
+            'status': match.group(5),
+            'status_score': match.group(6),
+            'src': match.group(7),
+            'dst': match.group(10)
+        }
+    return None
+
+def isModeExec(mode):
+    # Returns True if the given git mode represents an executable file,
+    # otherwise False.
+    return mode[-3:] == "755"
+
+def isModeExecChanged(src_mode, dst_mode):
+    return isModeExec(src_mode) != isModeExec(dst_mode)
+
+def p4CmdList(cmd, stdin=None, stdin_mode='w+b', cb=None):
+
+    if isinstance(cmd,basestring):
+        cmd = "-G " + cmd
+        expand = True
+    else:
+        cmd = ["-G"] + cmd
+        expand = False
+
+    cmd = p4_build_cmd(cmd)
+    if verbose:
+        sys.stderr.write("Opening pipe: %s\n" % str(cmd))
+
+    # Use a temporary file to avoid deadlocks without
+    # subprocess.communicate(), which would put another copy
+    # of stdout into memory.
+    stdin_file = None
+    if stdin is not None:
+        stdin_file = tempfile.TemporaryFile(prefix='p4-stdin', mode=stdin_mode)
+        if isinstance(stdin,basestring):
+            stdin_file.write(stdin)
+        else:
+            for i in stdin:
+                stdin_file.write(i + '\n')
+        stdin_file.flush()
+        stdin_file.seek(0)
+
+    p4 = subprocess.Popen(cmd,
+                          shell=expand,
+                          stdin=stdin_file,
+                          stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
+
+    result = []
+    try:
+        while True:
+            entry = marshal.load(p4.stdout)
+            if cb is not None:
+                cb(entry)
+            else:
+                result.append(entry)
+    except EOFError:
+        pass
+    exitCode = p4.wait()
+    if exitCode != 0:
+        entry = {}
+        entry["p4ExitCode"] = exitCode
+        result.append(entry)
+
+    return result
+
+def p4Cmd(cmd):
+    list = p4CmdList(cmd)
+    result = {}
+    for entry in list:
+        result.update(entry)
+    return result;
+
+def p4Where(depotPath):
+    if not depotPath.endswith("/"):
+        depotPath += "/"
+    depotPath = depotPath + "..."
+    outputList = p4CmdList(["where", depotPath])
+    output = None
+    for entry in outputList:
+        if "depotFile" in entry:
+            if entry["depotFile"] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+        elif "data" in entry:
+            data = entry.get("data")
+            space = data.find(" ")
+            if data[:space] == depotPath:
+                output = entry
+                break
+    if output == None:
+        return ""
+    if output["code"] == "error":
+        return ""
+    clientPath = ""
+    if "path" in output:
+        clientPath = output.get("path")
+    elif "data" in output:
+        data = output.get("data")
+        lastSpace = data.rfind(" ")
+        clientPath = data[lastSpace + 1:]
+
+    if clientPath.endswith("..."):
+        clientPath = clientPath[:-3]
+    return clientPath
+
+def currentGitBranch():
+    return read_pipe("git name-rev HEAD").split(" ")[1].strip()
+
+def isValidGitDir(path):
+    if (os.path.exists(path + "/HEAD")
+        and os.path.exists(path + "/refs") and os.path.exists(path + "/objects")):
+        return True;
+    return False
+
+def parseRevision(ref):
+    return read_pipe("git rev-parse %s" % ref).strip()
+
+def branchExists(ref):
+    rev = read_pipe(["git", "rev-parse", "-q", "--verify", ref],
+                     ignore_error=True)
+    return len(rev) > 0
+
+def extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit):
+    logMessage = ""
+
+    ## fixme: title is first line of commit, not 1st paragraph.
+    foundTitle = False
+    for log in read_pipe_lines("git cat-file commit %s" % commit):
+       if not foundTitle:
+           if len(log) == 1:
+               foundTitle = True
+           continue
+
+       logMessage += log
+    return logMessage
+
+def extractSettingsGitLog(log):
+    values = {}
+    for line in log.split("\n"):
+        line = line.strip()
+        m = re.search (r"^ *\[git-p4: (.*)\]$", line)
+        if not m:
+            continue
+
+        assignments = m.group(1).split (':')
+        for a in assignments:
+            vals = a.split ('=')
+            key = vals[0].strip()
+            val = ('='.join (vals[1:])).strip()
+            if val.endswith ('\"') and val.startswith('"'):
+                val = val[1:-1]
+
+            values[key] = val
+
+    paths = values.get("depot-paths")
+    if not paths:
+        paths = values.get("depot-path")
+    if paths:
+        values['depot-paths'] = paths.split(',')
+    return values
+
+def gitBranchExists(branch):
+    proc = subprocess.Popen(["git", "rev-parse", branch],
+                            stderr=subprocess.PIPE, stdout=subprocess.PIPE);
+    return proc.wait() == 0;
+
+_gitConfig = {}
+
+def gitConfig(key):
+    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+        cmd = [ "git", "config", key ]
+        s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
+        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip()
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def gitConfigBool(key):
+    """Return a bool, using git config --bool.  It is True only if the
+       variable is set to true, and False if set to false or not present
+       in the config."""
+
+    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+        cmd = [ "git", "config", "--bool", key ]
+        s = read_pipe(cmd, ignore_error=True)
+        v = s.strip()
+        _gitConfig[key] = v == "true"
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def gitConfigList(key):
+    if not _gitConfig.has_key(key):
+        s = read_pipe(["git", "config", "--get-all", key], ignore_error=True)
+        _gitConfig[key] = s.strip().split(os.linesep)
+    return _gitConfig[key]
+
+def p4BranchesInGit(branchesAreInRemotes=True):
+    """Find all the branches whose names start with "p4/", looking
+       in remotes or heads as specified by the argument.  Return
+       a dictionary of { branch: revision } for each one found.
+       The branch names are the short names, without any
+       "p4/" prefix."""
+
+    branches = {}
+
+    cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
+    if branchesAreInRemotes:
+        cmdline += "--remotes"
+    else:
+        cmdline += "--branches"
+
+    for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
+        line = line.strip()
+
+        # only import to p4/
+        if not line.startswith('p4/'):
+            continue
+        # special symbolic ref to p4/master
+        if line == "p4/HEAD":
+            continue
+
+        # strip off p4/ prefix
+        branch = line[len("p4/"):]
+
+        branches[branch] = parseRevision(line)
+
+    return branches
+
+def branch_exists(branch):
+    """Make sure that the given ref name really exists."""
+
+    cmd = [ "git", "rev-parse", "--symbolic", "--verify", branch ]
+    p = subprocess.Popen(cmd, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
+    out, _ = p.communicate()
+    if p.returncode:
+        return False
+    # expect exactly one line of output: the branch name
+    return out.rstrip() == branch
+
+def findUpstreamBranchPoint(head = "HEAD"):
+    branches = p4BranchesInGit()
+    # map from depot-path to branch name
+    branchByDepotPath = {}
+    for branch in branches.keys():
+        tip = branches[branch]
+        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(tip)
+        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
+            branchByDepotPath[paths] = "remotes/p4/" + branch
+
+    settings = None
+    parent = 0
+    while parent < 65535:
+        commit = head + "~%s" % parent
+        log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(commit)
+        settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+        if settings.has_key("depot-paths"):
+            paths = ",".join(settings["depot-paths"])
+            if branchByDepotPath.has_key(paths):
+                return [branchByDepotPath[paths], settings]
+
+        parent = parent + 1
+
+    return ["", settings]
+
+def createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(localRefPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/", silent=True):
+    if not silent:
+        print ("Creating/updating branch(es) in %s based on origin branch(es)"
+               % localRefPrefix)
+
+    originPrefix = "origin/p4/"
+
+    for line in read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes"):
+        line = line.strip()
+        if (not line.startswith(originPrefix)) or line.endswith("HEAD"):
+            continue
+
+        headName = line[len(originPrefix):]
+        remoteHead = localRefPrefix + headName
+        originHead = line
+
+        original = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(originHead))
+        if (not original.has_key('depot-paths')
+            or not original.has_key('change')):
+            continue
+
+        update = False
+        if not gitBranchExists(remoteHead):
+            if verbose:
+                print "creating %s" % remoteHead
+            update = True
+        else:
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(remoteHead))
+            if settings.has_key('change') > 0:
+                if settings['depot-paths'] == original['depot-paths']:
+                    originP4Change = int(original['change'])
+                    p4Change = int(settings['change'])
+                    if originP4Change > p4Change:
+                        print ("%s (%s) is newer than %s (%s). "
+                               "Updating p4 branch from origin."
+                               % (originHead, originP4Change,
+                                  remoteHead, p4Change))
+                        update = True
+                else:
+                    print ("Ignoring: %s was imported from %s while "
+                           "%s was imported from %s"
+                           % (originHead, ','.join(original['depot-paths']),
+                              remoteHead, ','.join(settings['depot-paths'])))
+
+        if update:
+            system("git update-ref %s %s" % (remoteHead, originHead))
+
+def originP4BranchesExist():
+        return gitBranchExists("origin") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4") or gitBranchExists("origin/p4/master")
+
+def p4ChangesForPaths(depotPaths, changeRange):
+    assert depotPaths
+    cmd = ['changes']
+    for p in depotPaths:
+        cmd += ["%s...%s" % (p, changeRange)]
+    output = p4_read_pipe_lines(cmd)
+
+    changes = {}
+    for line in output:
+        changeNum = int(line.split(" ")[1])
+        changes[changeNum] = True
+
+    changelist = changes.keys()
+    changelist.sort()
+    return changelist
+
+def p4PathStartsWith(path, prefix):
+    # This method tries to remedy a potential mixed-case issue:
+    #
+    # If UserA adds  //depot/DirA/file1
+    # and UserB adds //depot/dira/file2
+    #
+    # we may or may not have a problem. If you have core.ignorecase=true,
+    # we treat DirA and dira as the same directory
+    if gitConfigBool("core.ignorecase"):
+        return path.lower().startswith(prefix.lower())
+    return path.startswith(prefix)
+
+def getClientSpec():
+    """Look at the p4 client spec, create a View() object that contains
+       all the mappings, and return it."""
+
+    specList = p4CmdList("client -o")
+    if len(specList) != 1:
+        die('Output from "client -o" is %d lines, expecting 1' %
+            len(specList))
+
+    # dictionary of all client parameters
+    entry = specList[0]
+
+    # just the keys that start with "View"
+    view_keys = [ k for k in entry.keys() if k.startswith("View") ]
+
+    # hold this new View
+    view = View()
+
+    # append the lines, in order, to the view
+    for view_num in range(len(view_keys)):
+        k = "View%d" % view_num
+        if k not in view_keys:
+            die("Expected view key %s missing" % k)
+        view.append(entry[k])
+
+    return view
+
+def getClientRoot():
+    """Grab the client directory."""
+
+    output = p4CmdList("client -o")
+    if len(output) != 1:
+        die('Output from "client -o" is %d lines, expecting 1' % len(output))
+
+    entry = output[0]
+    if "Root" not in entry:
+        die('Client has no "Root"')
+
+    return entry["Root"]
+
+#
+# P4 wildcards are not allowed in filenames.  P4 complains
+# if you simply add them, but you can force it with "-f", in
+# which case it translates them into %xx encoding internally.
+#
+def wildcard_decode(path):
+    # Search for and fix just these four characters.  Do % last so
+    # that fixing it does not inadvertently create new %-escapes.
+    # Cannot have * in a filename in windows; untested as to
+    # what p4 would do in such a case.
+    if not platform.system() == "Windows":
+        path = path.replace("%2A", "*")
+    path = path.replace("%23", "#") \
+               .replace("%40", "@") \
+               .replace("%25", "%")
+    return path
+
+def wildcard_encode(path):
+    # do % first to avoid double-encoding the %s introduced here
+    path = path.replace("%", "%25") \
+               .replace("*", "%2A") \
+               .replace("#", "%23") \
+               .replace("@", "%40")
+    return path
+
+def wildcard_present(path):
+    m = re.search("[*#@%]", path)
+    return m is not None
+
+class Command:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options]"
+        self.needsGit = True
+        self.verbose = False
+
+class P4UserMap:
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
+        self.myP4UserId = None
+
+    def p4UserId(self):
+        if self.myP4UserId:
+            return self.myP4UserId
+
+        results = p4CmdList("user -o")
+        for r in results:
+            if r.has_key('User'):
+                self.myP4UserId = r['User']
+                return r['User']
+        die("Could not find your p4 user id")
+
+    def p4UserIsMe(self, p4User):
+        # return True if the given p4 user is actually me
+        me = self.p4UserId()
+        if not p4User or p4User != me:
+            return False
+        else:
+            return True
+
+    def getUserCacheFilename(self):
+        home = os.environ.get("HOME", os.environ.get("USERPROFILE"))
+        return home + "/.gitp4-usercache.txt"
+
+    def getUserMapFromPerforceServer(self):
+        if self.userMapFromPerforceServer:
+            return
+        self.users = {}
+        self.emails = {}
+
+        for output in p4CmdList("users"):
+            if not output.has_key("User"):
+                continue
+            self.users[output["User"]] = output["FullName"] + " <" + output["Email"] + ">"
+            self.emails[output["Email"]] = output["User"]
+
+
+        s = ''
+        for (key, val) in self.users.items():
+            s += "%s\t%s\n" % (key.expandtabs(1), val.expandtabs(1))
+
+        open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "wb").write(s)
+        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = True
+
+    def loadUserMapFromCache(self):
+        self.users = {}
+        self.userMapFromPerforceServer = False
+        try:
+            cache = open(self.getUserCacheFilename(), "rb")
+            lines = cache.readlines()
+            cache.close()
+            for line in lines:
+                entry = line.strip().split("\t")
+                self.users[entry[0]] = entry[1]
+        except IOError:
+            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
+
+class P4Debug(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = []
+        self.description = "A tool to debug the output of p4 -G."
+        self.needsGit = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        j = 0
+        for output in p4CmdList(args):
+            print 'Element: %d' % j
+            j += 1
+            print output
+        return True
+
+class P4RollBack(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+            optparse.make_option("--local", dest="rollbackLocalBranches", action="store_true")
+        ]
+        self.description = "A tool to debug the multi-branch import. Don't use :)"
+        self.rollbackLocalBranches = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) != 1:
+            return False
+        maxChange = int(args[0])
+
+        if "p4ExitCode" in p4Cmd("changes -m 1"):
+            die("Problems executing p4");
+
+        if self.rollbackLocalBranches:
+            refPrefix = "refs/heads/"
+            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --branches")
+        else:
+            refPrefix = "refs/remotes/"
+            lines = read_pipe_lines("git rev-parse --symbolic --remotes")
+
+        for line in lines:
+            if self.rollbackLocalBranches or (line.startswith("p4/") and line != "p4/HEAD\n"):
+                line = line.strip()
+                ref = refPrefix + line
+                log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
+                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+                depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
+                change = settings['change']
+
+                changed = False
+
+                if len(p4Cmd("changes -m 1 "  + ' '.join (['%s...@%s' % (p, maxChange)
+                                                           for p in depotPaths]))) == 0:
+                    print "Branch %s did not exist at change %s, deleting." % (ref, maxChange)
+                    system("git update-ref -d %s `git rev-parse %s`" % (ref, ref))
+                    continue
+
+                while change and int(change) > maxChange:
+                    changed = True
+                    if self.verbose:
+                        print "%s is at %s ; rewinding towards %s" % (ref, change, maxChange)
+                    system("git update-ref %s \"%s^\"" % (ref, ref))
+                    log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(ref)
+                    settings =  extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+
+                    depotPaths = settings['depot-paths']
+                    change = settings['change']
+
+                if changed:
+                    print "%s rewound to %s" % (ref, change)
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Submit(Command, P4UserMap):
+
+    conflict_behavior_choices = ("ask", "skip", "quit")
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        P4UserMap.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+                optparse.make_option("--origin", dest="origin"),
+                optparse.make_option("-M", dest="detectRenames", action="store_true"),
+                # preserve the user, requires relevant p4 permissions
+                optparse.make_option("--preserve-user", dest="preserveUser", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--export-labels", dest="exportLabels", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--dry-run", "-n", dest="dry_run", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--prepare-p4-only", dest="prepare_p4_only", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--conflict", dest="conflict_behavior",
+                                     choices=self.conflict_behavior_choices),
+                optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
+        ]
+        self.description = "Submit changes from git to the perforce depot."
+        self.usage += " [name of git branch to submit into perforce depot]"
+        self.origin = ""
+        self.detectRenames = False
+        self.preserveUser = gitConfigBool("git-p4.preserveUser")
+        self.dry_run = False
+        self.prepare_p4_only = False
+        self.conflict_behavior = None
+        self.isWindows = (platform.system() == "Windows")
+        self.exportLabels = False
+        self.p4HasMoveCommand = p4_has_move_command()
+        self.branch = None
+
+    def check(self):
+        if len(p4CmdList("opened ...")) > 0:
+            die("You have files opened with perforce! Close them before starting the sync.")
+
+    def separate_jobs_from_description(self, message):
+        """Extract and return a possible Jobs field in the commit
+           message.  It goes into a separate section in the p4 change
+           specification.
+
+           A jobs line starts with "Jobs:" and looks like a new field
+           in a form.  Values are white-space separated on the same
+           line or on following lines that start with a tab.
+
+           This does not parse and extract the full git commit message
+           like a p4 form.  It just sees the Jobs: line as a marker
+           to pass everything from then on directly into the p4 form,
+           but outside the description section.
+
+           Return a tuple (stripped log message, jobs string)."""
+
+        m = re.search(r'^Jobs:', message, re.MULTILINE)
+        if m is None:
+            return (message, None)
+
+        jobtext = message[m.start():]
+        stripped_message = message[:m.start()].rstrip()
+        return (stripped_message, jobtext)
+
+    def prepareLogMessage(self, template, message, jobs):
+        """Edits the template returned from "p4 change -o" to insert
+           the message in the Description field, and the jobs text in
+           the Jobs field."""
+        result = ""
+
+        inDescriptionSection = False
+
+        for line in template.split("\n"):
+            if line.startswith("#"):
+                result += line + "\n"
+                continue
+
+            if inDescriptionSection:
+                if line.startswith("Files:") or line.startswith("Jobs:"):
+                    inDescriptionSection = False
+                    # insert Jobs section
+                    if jobs:
+                        result += jobs + "\n"
+                else:
+                    continue
+            else:
+                if line.startswith("Description:"):
+                    inDescriptionSection = True
+                    line += "\n"
+                    for messageLine in message.split("\n"):
+                        line += "\t" + messageLine + "\n"
+
+            result += line + "\n"
+
+        return result
+
+    def patchRCSKeywords(self, file, pattern):
+        # Attempt to zap the RCS keywords in a p4 controlled file matching the given pattern
+        (handle, outFileName) = tempfile.mkstemp(dir='.')
+        try:
+            outFile = os.fdopen(handle, "w+")
+            inFile = open(file, "r")
+            regexp = re.compile(pattern, re.VERBOSE)
+            for line in inFile.readlines():
+                line = regexp.sub(r'$\1$', line)
+                outFile.write(line)
+            inFile.close()
+            outFile.close()
+            # Forcibly overwrite the original file
+            os.unlink(file)
+            shutil.move(outFileName, file)
+        except:
+            # cleanup our temporary file
+            os.unlink(outFileName)
+            print "Failed to strip RCS keywords in %s" % file
+            raise
+
+        print "Patched up RCS keywords in %s" % file
+
+    def p4UserForCommit(self,id):
+        # Return the tuple (perforce user,git email) for a given git commit id
+        self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
+        gitEmail = read_pipe(["git", "log", "--max-count=1",
+                              "--format=%ae", id])
+        gitEmail = gitEmail.strip()
+        if not self.emails.has_key(gitEmail):
+            return (None,gitEmail)
+        else:
+            return (self.emails[gitEmail],gitEmail)
+
+    def checkValidP4Users(self,commits):
+        # check if any git authors cannot be mapped to p4 users
+        for id in commits:
+            (user,email) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
+            if not user:
+                msg = "Cannot find p4 user for email %s in commit %s." % (email, id)
+                if gitConfigBool("git-p4.allowMissingP4Users"):
+                    print "%s" % msg
+                else:
+                    die("Error: %s\nSet git-p4.allowMissingP4Users to true to allow this." % msg)
+
+    def lastP4Changelist(self):
+        # Get back the last changelist number submitted in this client spec. This
+        # then gets used to patch up the username in the change. If the same
+        # client spec is being used by multiple processes then this might go
+        # wrong.
+        results = p4CmdList("client -o")        # find the current client
+        client = None
+        for r in results:
+            if r.has_key('Client'):
+                client = r['Client']
+                break
+        if not client:
+            die("could not get client spec")
+        results = p4CmdList(["changes", "-c", client, "-m", "1"])
+        for r in results:
+            if r.has_key('change'):
+                return r['change']
+        die("Could not get changelist number for last submit - cannot patch up user details")
+
+    def modifyChangelistUser(self, changelist, newUser):
+        # fixup the user field of a changelist after it has been submitted.
+        changes = p4CmdList("change -o %s" % changelist)
+        if len(changes) != 1:
+            die("Bad output from p4 change modifying %s to user %s" %
+                (changelist, newUser))
+
+        c = changes[0]
+        if c['User'] == newUser: return   # nothing to do
+        c['User'] = newUser
+        input = marshal.dumps(c)
+
+        result = p4CmdList("change -f -i", stdin=input)
+        for r in result:
+            if r.has_key('code'):
+                if r['code'] == 'error':
+                    die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s:%s" % (changelist, newUser, r['data']))
+            if r.has_key('data'):
+                print("Updated user field for changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
+                return
+        die("Could not modify user field of changelist %s to %s" % (changelist, newUser))
+
+    def canChangeChangelists(self):
+        # check to see if we have p4 admin or super-user permissions, either of
+        # which are required to modify changelists.
+        results = p4CmdList(["protects", self.depotPath])
+        for r in results:
+            if r.has_key('perm'):
+                if r['perm'] == 'admin':
+                    return 1
+                if r['perm'] == 'super':
+                    return 1
+        return 0
+
+    def prepareSubmitTemplate(self):
+        """Run "p4 change -o" to grab a change specification template.
+           This does not use "p4 -G", as it is nice to keep the submission
+           template in original order, since a human might edit it.
+
+           Remove lines in the Files section that show changes to files
+           outside the depot path we're committing into."""
+
+        template = ""
+        inFilesSection = False
+        for line in p4_read_pipe_lines(['change', '-o']):
+            if line.endswith("\r\n"):
+                line = line[:-2] + "\n"
+            if inFilesSection:
+                if line.startswith("\t"):
+                    # path starts and ends with a tab
+                    path = line[1:]
+                    lastTab = path.rfind("\t")
+                    if lastTab != -1:
+                        path = path[:lastTab]
+                        if not p4PathStartsWith(path, self.depotPath):
+                            continue
+                else:
+                    inFilesSection = False
+            else:
+                if line.startswith("Files:"):
+                    inFilesSection = True
+
+            template += line
+
+        return template
+
+    def edit_template(self, template_file):
+        """Invoke the editor to let the user change the submission
+           message.  Return true if okay to continue with the submit."""
+
+        # if configured to skip the editing part, just submit
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipSubmitEdit"):
+            return True
+
+        # look at the modification time, to check later if the user saved
+        # the file
+        mtime = os.stat(template_file).st_mtime
+
+        # invoke the editor
+        if os.environ.has_key("P4EDITOR") and (os.environ.get("P4EDITOR") != ""):
+            editor = os.environ.get("P4EDITOR")
+        else:
+            editor = read_pipe("git var GIT_EDITOR").strip()
+        system(editor + " " + template_file)
+
+        # If the file was not saved, prompt to see if this patch should
+        # be skipped.  But skip this verification step if configured so.
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck"):
+            return True
+
+        # modification time updated means user saved the file
+        if os.stat(template_file).st_mtime > mtime:
+            return True
+
+        while True:
+            response = raw_input("Submit template unchanged. Submit anyway? [y]es, [n]o (skip this patch) ")
+            if response == 'y':
+                return True
+            if response == 'n':
+                return False
+
+    def applyCommit(self, id):
+        """Apply one commit, return True if it succeeded."""
+
+        print "Applying", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                     "--format=format:%h %s", id])
+
+        (p4User, gitEmail) = self.p4UserForCommit(id)
+
+        diff = read_pipe_lines("git diff-tree -r %s \"%s^\" \"%s\"" % (self.diffOpts, id, id))
+        filesToAdd = set()
+        filesToDelete = set()
+        editedFiles = set()
+        pureRenameCopy = set()
+        filesToChangeExecBit = {}
+
+        for line in diff:
+            diff = parseDiffTreeEntry(line)
+            modifier = diff['status']
+            path = diff['src']
+            if modifier == "M":
+                p4_edit(path)
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
+                editedFiles.add(path)
+            elif modifier == "A":
+                filesToAdd.add(path)
+                filesToChangeExecBit[path] = diff['dst_mode']
+                if path in filesToDelete:
+                    filesToDelete.remove(path)
+            elif modifier == "D":
+                filesToDelete.add(path)
+                if path in filesToAdd:
+                    filesToAdd.remove(path)
+            elif modifier == "C":
+                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
+                p4_integrate(src, dest)
+                pureRenameCopy.add(dest)
+                if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
+                    p4_edit(dest)
+                    pureRenameCopy.discard(dest)
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    p4_edit(dest)
+                    pureRenameCopy.discard(dest)
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
+                if self.isWindows:
+                    # turn off read-only attribute
+                    os.chmod(dest, stat.S_IWRITE)
+                os.unlink(dest)
+                editedFiles.add(dest)
+            elif modifier == "R":
+                src, dest = diff['src'], diff['dst']
+                if self.p4HasMoveCommand:
+                    p4_edit(src)        # src must be open before move
+                    p4_move(src, dest)  # opens for (move/delete, move/add)
+                else:
+                    p4_integrate(src, dest)
+                    if diff['src_sha1'] != diff['dst_sha1']:
+                        p4_edit(dest)
+                    else:
+                        pureRenameCopy.add(dest)
+                if isModeExecChanged(diff['src_mode'], diff['dst_mode']):
+                    if not self.p4HasMoveCommand:
+                        p4_edit(dest)   # with move: already open, writable
+                    filesToChangeExecBit[dest] = diff['dst_mode']
+                if not self.p4HasMoveCommand:
+                    if self.isWindows:
+                        os.chmod(dest, stat.S_IWRITE)
+                    os.unlink(dest)
+                    filesToDelete.add(src)
+                editedFiles.add(dest)
+            else:
+                die("unknown modifier %s for %s" % (modifier, path))
+
+        diffcmd = "git format-patch -k --stdout \"%s^\"..\"%s\"" % (id, id)
+        patchcmd = diffcmd + " | git apply "
+        tryPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check -"
+        applyPatchCmd = patchcmd + "--check --apply -"
+        patch_succeeded = True
+
+        if os.system(tryPatchCmd) != 0:
+            fixed_rcs_keywords = False
+            patch_succeeded = False
+            print "Unfortunately applying the change failed!"
+
+            # Patch failed, maybe it's just RCS keyword woes. Look through
+            # the patch to see if that's possible.
+            if gitConfigBool("git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup"):
+                file = None
+                pattern = None
+                kwfiles = {}
+                for file in editedFiles | filesToDelete:
+                    # did this file's delta contain RCS keywords?
+                    pattern = p4_keywords_regexp_for_file(file)
+
+                    if pattern:
+                        # this file is a possibility...look for RCS keywords.
+                        regexp = re.compile(pattern, re.VERBOSE)
+                        for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "diff", "%s^..%s" % (id, id), file]):
+                            if regexp.search(line):
+                                if verbose:
+                                    print "got keyword match on %s in %s in %s" % (pattern, line, file)
+                                kwfiles[file] = pattern
+                                break
+
+                for file in kwfiles:
+                    if verbose:
+                        print "zapping %s with %s" % (line,pattern)
+                    # File is being deleted, so not open in p4.  Must
+                    # disable the read-only bit on windows.
+                    if self.isWindows and file not in editedFiles:
+                        os.chmod(file, stat.S_IWRITE)
+                    self.patchRCSKeywords(file, kwfiles[file])
+                    fixed_rcs_keywords = True
+
+            if fixed_rcs_keywords:
+                print "Retrying the patch with RCS keywords cleaned up"
+                if os.system(tryPatchCmd) == 0:
+                    patch_succeeded = True
+
+        if not patch_succeeded:
+            for f in editedFiles:
+                p4_revert(f)
+            return False
+
+        #
+        # Apply the patch for real, and do add/delete/+x handling.
+        #
+        system(applyPatchCmd)
+
+        for f in filesToAdd:
+            p4_add(f)
+        for f in filesToDelete:
+            p4_revert(f)
+            p4_delete(f)
+
+        # Set/clear executable bits
+        for f in filesToChangeExecBit.keys():
+            mode = filesToChangeExecBit[f]
+            setP4ExecBit(f, mode)
+
+        #
+        # Build p4 change description, starting with the contents
+        # of the git commit message.
+        #
+        logMessage = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(id)
+        logMessage = logMessage.strip()
+        (logMessage, jobs) = self.separate_jobs_from_description(logMessage)
+
+        template = self.prepareSubmitTemplate()
+        submitTemplate = self.prepareLogMessage(template, logMessage, jobs)
+
+        if self.preserveUser:
+           submitTemplate += "\n######## Actual user %s, modified after commit\n" % p4User
+
+        if self.checkAuthorship and not self.p4UserIsMe(p4User):
+            submitTemplate += "######## git author %s does not match your p4 account.\n" % gitEmail
+            submitTemplate += "######## Use option --preserve-user to modify authorship.\n"
+            submitTemplate += "######## Variable git-p4.skipUserNameCheck hides this message.\n"
+
+        separatorLine = "######## everything below this line is just the diff #######\n"
+
+        # diff
+        if os.environ.has_key("P4DIFF"):
+            del(os.environ["P4DIFF"])
+        diff = ""
+        for editedFile in editedFiles:
+            diff += p4_read_pipe(['diff', '-du',
+                                  wildcard_encode(editedFile)])
+
+        # new file diff
+        newdiff = ""
+        for newFile in filesToAdd:
+            newdiff += "==== new file ====\n"
+            newdiff += "--- /dev/null\n"
+            newdiff += "+++ %s\n" % newFile
+            f = open(newFile, "r")
+            for line in f.readlines():
+                newdiff += "+" + line
+            f.close()
+
+        # change description file: submitTemplate, separatorLine, diff, newdiff
+        (handle, fileName) = tempfile.mkstemp()
+        tmpFile = os.fdopen(handle, "w+")
+        if self.isWindows:
+            submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+            separatorLine = separatorLine.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+            newdiff = newdiff.replace("\n", "\r\n")
+        tmpFile.write(submitTemplate + separatorLine + diff + newdiff)
+        tmpFile.close()
+
+        if self.prepare_p4_only:
+            #
+            # Leave the p4 tree prepared, and the submit template around
+            # and let the user decide what to do next
+            #
+            print
+            print "P4 workspace prepared for submission."
+            print "To submit or revert, go to client workspace"
+            print "  " + self.clientPath
+            print
+            print "To submit, use \"p4 submit\" to write a new description,"
+            print "or \"p4 submit -i %s\" to use the one prepared by" \
+                  " \"git p4\"." % fileName
+            print "You can delete the file \"%s\" when finished." % fileName
+
+            if self.preserveUser and p4User and not self.p4UserIsMe(p4User):
+                print "To preserve change ownership by user %s, you must\n" \
+                      "do \"p4 change -f <change>\" after submitting and\n" \
+                      "edit the User field."
+            if pureRenameCopy:
+                print "After submitting, renamed files must be re-synced."
+                print "Invoke \"p4 sync -f\" on each of these files:"
+                for f in pureRenameCopy:
+                    print "  " + f
+
+            print
+            print "To revert the changes, use \"p4 revert ...\", and delete"
+            print "the submit template file \"%s\"" % fileName
+            if filesToAdd:
+                print "Since the commit adds new files, they must be deleted:"
+                for f in filesToAdd:
+                    print "  " + f
+            print
+            return True
+
+        #
+        # Let the user edit the change description, then submit it.
+        #
+        if self.edit_template(fileName):
+            # read the edited message and submit
+            ret = True
+            tmpFile = open(fileName, "rb")
+            message = tmpFile.read()
+            tmpFile.close()
+            submitTemplate = message[:message.index(separatorLine)]
+            if self.isWindows:
+                submitTemplate = submitTemplate.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+            p4_write_pipe(['submit', '-i'], submitTemplate)
+
+            if self.preserveUser:
+                if p4User:
+                    # Get last changelist number. Cannot easily get it from
+                    # the submit command output as the output is
+                    # unmarshalled.
+                    changelist = self.lastP4Changelist()
+                    self.modifyChangelistUser(changelist, p4User)
+
+            # The rename/copy happened by applying a patch that created a
+            # new file.  This leaves it writable, which confuses p4.
+            for f in pureRenameCopy:
+                p4_sync(f, "-f")
+
+        else:
+            # skip this patch
+            ret = False
+            print "Submission cancelled, undoing p4 changes."
+            for f in editedFiles:
+                p4_revert(f)
+            for f in filesToAdd:
+                p4_revert(f)
+                os.remove(f)
+            for f in filesToDelete:
+                p4_revert(f)
+
+        os.remove(fileName)
+        return ret
+
+    # Export git tags as p4 labels. Create a p4 label and then tag
+    # with that.
+    def exportGitTags(self, gitTags):
+        validLabelRegexp = gitConfig("git-p4.labelExportRegexp")
+        if len(validLabelRegexp) == 0:
+            validLabelRegexp = defaultLabelRegexp
+        m = re.compile(validLabelRegexp)
+
+        for name in gitTags:
+
+            if not m.match(name):
+                if verbose:
+                    print "tag %s does not match regexp %s" % (name, validLabelRegexp)
+                continue
+
+            # Get the p4 commit this corresponds to
+            logMessage = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(name)
+            values = extractSettingsGitLog(logMessage)
+
+            if not values.has_key('change'):
+                # a tag pointing to something not sent to p4; ignore
+                if verbose:
+                    print "git tag %s does not give a p4 commit" % name
+                continue
+            else:
+                changelist = values['change']
+
+            # Get the tag details.
+            inHeader = True
+            isAnnotated = False
+            body = []
+            for l in read_pipe_lines(["git", "cat-file", "-p", name]):
+                l = l.strip()
+                if inHeader:
+                    if re.match(r'tag\s+', l):
+                        isAnnotated = True
+                    elif re.match(r'\s*$', l):
+                        inHeader = False
+                        continue
+                else:
+                    body.append(l)
+
+            if not isAnnotated:
+                body = ["lightweight tag imported by git p4\n"]
+
+            # Create the label - use the same view as the client spec we are using
+            clientSpec = getClientSpec()
+
+            labelTemplate  = "Label: %s\n" % name
+            labelTemplate += "Description:\n"
+            for b in body:
+                labelTemplate += "\t" + b + "\n"
+            labelTemplate += "View:\n"
+            for mapping in clientSpec.mappings:
+                labelTemplate += "\t%s\n" % mapping.depot_side.path
+
+            if self.dry_run:
+                print "Would create p4 label %s for tag" % name
+            elif self.prepare_p4_only:
+                print "Not creating p4 label %s for tag due to option" \
+                      " --prepare-p4-only" % name
+            else:
+                p4_write_pipe(["label", "-i"], labelTemplate)
+
+                # Use the label
+                p4_system(["tag", "-l", name] +
+                          ["%s@%s" % (mapping.depot_side.path, changelist) for mapping in clientSpec.mappings])
+
+                if verbose:
+                    print "created p4 label for tag %s" % name
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) == 0:
+            self.master = currentGitBranch()
+            if len(self.master) == 0 or not gitBranchExists("refs/heads/%s" % self.master):
+                die("Detecting current git branch failed!")
+        elif len(args) == 1:
+            self.master = args[0]
+            if not branchExists(self.master):
+                die("Branch %s does not exist" % self.master)
+        else:
+            return False
+
+        allowSubmit = gitConfig("git-p4.allowSubmit")
+        if len(allowSubmit) > 0 and not self.master in allowSubmit.split(","):
+            die("%s is not in git-p4.allowSubmit" % self.master)
+
+        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
+        self.depotPath = settings['depot-paths'][0]
+        if len(self.origin) == 0:
+            self.origin = upstream
+
+        if self.preserveUser:
+            if not self.canChangeChangelists():
+                die("Cannot preserve user names without p4 super-user or admin permissions")
+
+        # if not set from the command line, try the config file
+        if self.conflict_behavior is None:
+            val = gitConfig("git-p4.conflict")
+            if val:
+                if val not in self.conflict_behavior_choices:
+                    die("Invalid value '%s' for config git-p4.conflict" % val)
+            else:
+                val = "ask"
+            self.conflict_behavior = val
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "Origin branch is " + self.origin
+
+        if len(self.depotPath) == 0:
+            print "Internal error: cannot locate perforce depot path from existing branches"
+            sys.exit(128)
+
+        self.useClientSpec = False
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.useclientspec"):
+            self.useClientSpec = True
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+            self.clientSpecDirs = getClientSpec()
+
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+            # all files are relative to the client spec
+            self.clientPath = getClientRoot()
+        else:
+            self.clientPath = p4Where(self.depotPath)
+
+        if self.clientPath == "":
+            die("Error: Cannot locate perforce checkout of %s in client view" % self.depotPath)
+
+        print "Perforce checkout for depot path %s located at %s" % (self.depotPath, self.clientPath)
+        self.oldWorkingDirectory = os.getcwd()
+
+        # ensure the clientPath exists
+        new_client_dir = False
+        if not os.path.exists(self.clientPath):
+            new_client_dir = True
+            os.makedirs(self.clientPath)
+
+        chdir(self.clientPath)
+        if self.dry_run:
+            print "Would synchronize p4 checkout in %s" % self.clientPath
+        else:
+            print "Synchronizing p4 checkout..."
+            if new_client_dir:
+                # old one was destroyed, and maybe nobody told p4
+                p4_sync("...", "-f")
+            else:
+                p4_sync("...")
+        self.check()
+
+        commits = []
+        for line in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--no-merges", "%s..%s" % (self.origin, self.master)]):
+            commits.append(line.strip())
+        commits.reverse()
+
+        if self.preserveUser or gitConfigBool("git-p4.skipUserNameCheck"):
+            self.checkAuthorship = False
+        else:
+            self.checkAuthorship = True
+
+        if self.preserveUser:
+            self.checkValidP4Users(commits)
+
+        #
+        # Build up a set of options to be passed to diff when
+        # submitting each commit to p4.
+        #
+        if self.detectRenames:
+            # command-line -M arg
+            self.diffOpts = "-M"
+        else:
+            # If not explicitly set check the config variable
+            detectRenames = gitConfig("git-p4.detectRenames")
+
+            if detectRenames.lower() == "false" or detectRenames == "":
+                self.diffOpts = ""
+            elif detectRenames.lower() == "true":
+                self.diffOpts = "-M"
+            else:
+                self.diffOpts = "-M%s" % detectRenames
+
+        # no command-line arg for -C or --find-copies-harder, just
+        # config variables
+        detectCopies = gitConfig("git-p4.detectCopies")
+        if detectCopies.lower() == "false" or detectCopies == "":
+            pass
+        elif detectCopies.lower() == "true":
+            self.diffOpts += " -C"
+        else:
+            self.diffOpts += " -C%s" % detectCopies
+
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.detectCopiesHarder"):
+            self.diffOpts += " --find-copies-harder"
+
+        #
+        # Apply the commits, one at a time.  On failure, ask if should
+        # continue to try the rest of the patches, or quit.
+        #
+        if self.dry_run:
+            print "Would apply"
+        applied = []
+        last = len(commits) - 1
+        for i, commit in enumerate(commits):
+            if self.dry_run:
+                print " ", read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                      "--format=format:%h %s", commit])
+                ok = True
+            else:
+                ok = self.applyCommit(commit)
+            if ok:
+                applied.append(commit)
+            else:
+                if self.prepare_p4_only and i < last:
+                    print "Processing only the first commit due to option" \
+                          " --prepare-p4-only"
+                    break
+                if i < last:
+                    quit = False
+                    while True:
+                        # prompt for what to do, or use the option/variable
+                        if self.conflict_behavior == "ask":
+                            print "What do you want to do?"
+                            response = raw_input("[s]kip this commit but apply"
+                                                 " the rest, or [q]uit? ")
+                            if not response:
+                                continue
+                        elif self.conflict_behavior == "skip":
+                            response = "s"
+                        elif self.conflict_behavior == "quit":
+                            response = "q"
+                        else:
+                            die("Unknown conflict_behavior '%s'" %
+                                self.conflict_behavior)
+
+                        if response[0] == "s":
+                            print "Skipping this commit, but applying the rest"
+                            break
+                        if response[0] == "q":
+                            print "Quitting"
+                            quit = True
+                            break
+                    if quit:
+                        break
+
+        chdir(self.oldWorkingDirectory)
+
+        if self.dry_run:
+            pass
+        elif self.prepare_p4_only:
+            pass
+        elif len(commits) == len(applied):
+            print "All commits applied!"
+
+            sync = P4Sync()
+            if self.branch:
+                sync.branch = self.branch
+            sync.run([])
+
+            rebase = P4Rebase()
+            rebase.rebase()
+
+        else:
+            if len(applied) == 0:
+                print "No commits applied."
+            else:
+                print "Applied only the commits marked with '*':"
+                for c in commits:
+                    if c in applied:
+                        star = "*"
+                    else:
+                        star = " "
+                    print star, read_pipe(["git", "show", "-s",
+                                           "--format=format:%h %s",  c])
+                print "You will have to do 'git p4 sync' and rebase."
+
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.exportLabels"):
+            self.exportLabels = True
+
+        if self.exportLabels:
+            p4Labels = getP4Labels(self.depotPath)
+            gitTags = getGitTags()
+
+            missingGitTags = gitTags - p4Labels
+            self.exportGitTags(missingGitTags)
+
+        # exit with error unless everything applied perfecly
+        if len(commits) != len(applied):
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+        return True
+
+class View(object):
+    """Represent a p4 view ("p4 help views"), and map files in a
+       repo according to the view."""
+
+    class Path(object):
+        """A depot or client path, possibly containing wildcards.
+           The only one supported is ... at the end, currently.
+           Initialize with the full path, with //depot or //client."""
+
+        def __init__(self, path, is_depot):
+            self.path = path
+            self.is_depot = is_depot
+            self.find_wildcards()
+            # remember the prefix bit, useful for relative mappings
+            m = re.match("(//[^/]+/)", self.path)
+            if not m:
+                die("Path %s does not start with //prefix/" % self.path)
+            prefix = m.group(1)
+            if not self.is_depot:
+                # strip //client/ on client paths
+                self.path = self.path[len(prefix):]
+
+        def find_wildcards(self):
+            """Make sure wildcards are valid, and set up internal
+               variables."""
+
+            self.ends_triple_dot = False
+            # There are three wildcards allowed in p4 views
+            # (see "p4 help views").  This code knows how to
+            # handle "..." (only at the end), but cannot deal with
+            # "%%n" or "*".  Only check the depot_side, as p4 should
+            # validate that the client_side matches too.
+            if re.search(r'%%[1-9]', self.path):
+                die("Can't handle %%n wildcards in view: %s" % self.path)
+            if self.path.find("*") >= 0:
+                die("Can't handle * wildcards in view: %s" % self.path)
+            triple_dot_index = self.path.find("...")
+            if triple_dot_index >= 0:
+                if triple_dot_index != len(self.path) - 3:
+                    die("Can handle only single ... wildcard, at end: %s" %
+                        self.path)
+                self.ends_triple_dot = True
+
+        def ensure_compatible(self, other_path):
+            """Make sure the wildcards agree."""
+            if self.ends_triple_dot != other_path.ends_triple_dot:
+                 die("Both paths must end with ... if either does;\n" +
+                     "paths: %s %s" % (self.path, other_path.path))
+
+        def match_wildcards(self, test_path):
+            """See if this test_path matches us, and fill in the value
+               of the wildcards if so.  Returns a tuple of
+               (True|False, wildcards[]).  For now, only the ... at end
+               is supported, so at most one wildcard."""
+            if self.ends_triple_dot:
+                dotless = self.path[:-3]
+                if test_path.startswith(dotless):
+                    wildcard = test_path[len(dotless):]
+                    return (True, [ wildcard ])
+            else:
+                if test_path == self.path:
+                    return (True, [])
+            return (False, [])
+
+        def match(self, test_path):
+            """Just return if it matches; don't bother with the wildcards."""
+            b, _ = self.match_wildcards(test_path)
+            return b
+
+        def fill_in_wildcards(self, wildcards):
+            """Return the relative path, with the wildcards filled in
+               if there are any."""
+            if self.ends_triple_dot:
+                return self.path[:-3] + wildcards[0]
+            else:
+                return self.path
+
+    class Mapping(object):
+        def __init__(self, depot_side, client_side, overlay, exclude):
+            # depot_side is without the trailing /... if it had one
+            self.depot_side = View.Path(depot_side, is_depot=True)
+            self.client_side = View.Path(client_side, is_depot=False)
+            self.overlay = overlay  # started with "+"
+            self.exclude = exclude  # started with "-"
+            assert not (self.overlay and self.exclude)
+            self.depot_side.ensure_compatible(self.client_side)
+
+        def __str__(self):
+            c = " "
+            if self.overlay:
+                c = "+"
+            if self.exclude:
+                c = "-"
+            return "View.Mapping: %s%s -> %s" % \
+                   (c, self.depot_side.path, self.client_side.path)
+
+        def map_depot_to_client(self, depot_path):
+            """Calculate the client path if using this mapping on the
+               given depot path; does not consider the effect of other
+               mappings in a view.  Even excluded mappings are returned."""
+            matches, wildcards = self.depot_side.match_wildcards(depot_path)
+            if not matches:
+                return ""
+            client_path = self.client_side.fill_in_wildcards(wildcards)
+            return client_path
+
+    #
+    # View methods
+    #
+    def __init__(self):
+        self.mappings = []
+
+    def append(self, view_line):
+        """Parse a view line, splitting it into depot and client
+           sides.  Append to self.mappings, preserving order."""
+
+        # Split the view line into exactly two words.  P4 enforces
+        # structure on these lines that simplifies this quite a bit.
+        #
+        # Either or both words may be double-quoted.
+        # Single quotes do not matter.
+        # Double-quote marks cannot occur inside the words.
+        # A + or - prefix is also inside the quotes.
+        # There are no quotes unless they contain a space.
+        # The line is already white-space stripped.
+        # The two words are separated by a single space.
+        #
+        if view_line[0] == '"':
+            # First word is double quoted.  Find its end.
+            close_quote_index = view_line.find('"', 1)
+            if close_quote_index <= 0:
+                die("No first-word closing quote found: %s" % view_line)
+            depot_side = view_line[1:close_quote_index]
+            # skip closing quote and space
+            rhs_index = close_quote_index + 1 + 1
+        else:
+            space_index = view_line.find(" ")
+            if space_index <= 0:
+                die("No word-splitting space found: %s" % view_line)
+            depot_side = view_line[0:space_index]
+            rhs_index = space_index + 1
+
+        if view_line[rhs_index] == '"':
+            # Second word is double quoted.  Make sure there is a
+            # double quote at the end too.
+            if not view_line.endswith('"'):
+                die("View line with rhs quote should end with one: %s" %
+                    view_line)
+            # skip the quotes
+            client_side = view_line[rhs_index+1:-1]
+        else:
+            client_side = view_line[rhs_index:]
+
+        # prefix + means overlay on previous mapping
+        overlay = False
+        if depot_side.startswith("+"):
+            overlay = True
+            depot_side = depot_side[1:]
+
+        # prefix - means exclude this path
+        exclude = False
+        if depot_side.startswith("-"):
+            exclude = True
+            depot_side = depot_side[1:]
+
+        m = View.Mapping(depot_side, client_side, overlay, exclude)
+        self.mappings.append(m)
+
+    def map_in_client(self, depot_path):
+        """Return the relative location in the client where this
+           depot file should live.  Returns "" if the file should
+           not be mapped in the client."""
+
+        paths_filled = []
+        client_path = ""
+
+        # look at later entries first
+        for m in self.mappings[::-1]:
+
+            # see where will this path end up in the client
+            p = m.map_depot_to_client(depot_path)
+
+            if p == "":
+                # Depot path does not belong in client.  Must remember
+                # this, as previous items should not cause files to
+                # exist in this path either.  Remember that the list is
+                # being walked from the end, which has higher precedence.
+                # Overlap mappings do not exclude previous mappings.
+                if not m.overlay:
+                    paths_filled.append(m.client_side)
+
+            else:
+                # This mapping matched; no need to search any further.
+                # But, the mapping could be rejected if the client path
+                # has already been claimed by an earlier mapping (i.e.
+                # one later in the list, which we are walking backwards).
+                already_mapped_in_client = False
+                for f in paths_filled:
+                    # this is View.Path.match
+                    if f.match(p):
+                        already_mapped_in_client = True
+                        break
+                if not already_mapped_in_client:
+                    # Include this file, unless it is from a line that
+                    # explicitly said to exclude it.
+                    if not m.exclude:
+                        client_path = p
+
+                # a match, even if rejected, always stops the search
+                break
+
+        return client_path
+
+class P4Sync(Command, P4UserMap):
+    delete_actions = ( "delete", "move/delete", "purge" )
+
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        P4UserMap.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+                optparse.make_option("--branch", dest="branch"),
+                optparse.make_option("--detect-branches", dest="detectBranches", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--changesfile", dest="changesFile"),
+                optparse.make_option("--silent", dest="silent", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--detect-labels", dest="detectLabels", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--import-labels", dest="importLabels", action="store_true"),
+                optparse.make_option("--import-local", dest="importIntoRemotes", action="store_false",
+                                     help="Import into refs/heads/ , not refs/remotes"),
+                optparse.make_option("--max-changes", dest="maxChanges"),
+                optparse.make_option("--keep-path", dest="keepRepoPath", action='store_true',
+                                     help="Keep entire BRANCH/DIR/SUBDIR prefix during import"),
+                optparse.make_option("--use-client-spec", dest="useClientSpec", action='store_true',
+                                     help="Only sync files that are included in the Perforce Client Spec")
+        ]
+        self.description = """Imports from Perforce into a git repository.\n
+    example:
+    //depot/my/project/ -- to import the current head
+    //depot/my/project/@all -- to import everything
+    //depot/my/project/@1,6 -- to import only from revision 1 to 6
+
+    (a ... is not needed in the path p4 specification, it's added implicitly)"""
+
+        self.usage += " //depot/path[@revRange]"
+        self.silent = False
+        self.createdBranches = set()
+        self.committedChanges = set()
+        self.branch = ""
+        self.detectBranches = False
+        self.detectLabels = False
+        self.importLabels = False
+        self.changesFile = ""
+        self.syncWithOrigin = True
+        self.importIntoRemotes = True
+        self.maxChanges = ""
+        self.keepRepoPath = False
+        self.depotPaths = None
+        self.p4BranchesInGit = []
+        self.cloneExclude = []
+        self.useClientSpec = False
+        self.useClientSpec_from_options = False
+        self.clientSpecDirs = None
+        self.tempBranches = []
+        self.tempBranchLocation = "git-p4-tmp"
+
+        if gitConfig("git-p4.syncFromOrigin") == "false":
+            self.syncWithOrigin = False
+
+    # Force a checkpoint in fast-import and wait for it to finish
+    def checkpoint(self):
+        self.gitStream.write("checkpoint\n\n")
+        self.gitStream.write("progress checkpoint\n\n")
+        out = self.gitOutput.readline()
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "checkpoint finished: " + out
+
+    def extractFilesFromCommit(self, commit):
+        self.cloneExclude = [re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", path)
+                             for path in self.cloneExclude]
+        files = []
+        fnum = 0
+        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
+
+            if [p for p in self.cloneExclude
+                if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]:
+                found = False
+            else:
+                found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
+                         if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
+            if not found:
+                fnum = fnum + 1
+                continue
+
+            file = {}
+            file["path"] = path
+            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
+            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
+            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
+            files.append(file)
+            fnum = fnum + 1
+        return files
+
+    def stripRepoPath(self, path, prefixes):
+        """When streaming files, this is called to map a p4 depot path
+           to where it should go in git.  The prefixes are either
+           self.depotPaths, or self.branchPrefixes in the case of
+           branch detection."""
+
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+            # branch detection moves files up a level (the branch name)
+            # from what client spec interpretation gives
+            path = self.clientSpecDirs.map_in_client(path)
+            if self.detectBranches:
+                for b in self.knownBranches:
+                    if path.startswith(b + "/"):
+                        path = path[len(b)+1:]
+
+        elif self.keepRepoPath:
+            # Preserve everything in relative path name except leading
+            # //depot/; just look at first prefix as they all should
+            # be in the same depot.
+            depot = re.sub("^(//[^/]+/).*", r'\1', prefixes[0])
+            if p4PathStartsWith(path, depot):
+                path = path[len(depot):]
+
+        else:
+            for p in prefixes:
+                if p4PathStartsWith(path, p):
+                    path = path[len(p):]
+                    break
+
+        path = wildcard_decode(path)
+        return path
+
+    def splitFilesIntoBranches(self, commit):
+        """Look at each depotFile in the commit to figure out to what
+           branch it belongs."""
+
+        branches = {}
+        fnum = 0
+        while commit.has_key("depotFile%s" % fnum):
+            path =  commit["depotFile%s" % fnum]
+            found = [p for p in self.depotPaths
+                     if p4PathStartsWith(path, p)]
+            if not found:
+                fnum = fnum + 1
+                continue
+
+            file = {}
+            file["path"] = path
+            file["rev"] = commit["rev%s" % fnum]
+            file["action"] = commit["action%s" % fnum]
+            file["type"] = commit["type%s" % fnum]
+            fnum = fnum + 1
+
+            # start with the full relative path where this file would
+            # go in a p4 client
+            if self.useClientSpec:
+                relPath = self.clientSpecDirs.map_in_client(path)
+            else:
+                relPath = self.stripRepoPath(path, self.depotPaths)
+
+            for branch in self.knownBranches.keys():
+                # add a trailing slash so that a commit into qt/4.2foo
+                # doesn't end up in qt/4.2, e.g.
+                if relPath.startswith(branch + "/"):
+                    if branch not in branches:
+                        branches[branch] = []
+                    branches[branch].append(file)
+                    break
+
+        return branches
+
+    # output one file from the P4 stream
+    # - helper for streamP4Files
+
+    def streamOneP4File(self, file, contents):
+        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['depotFile'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        if verbose:
+            sys.stderr.write("%s\n" % relPath)
+
+        (type_base, type_mods) = split_p4_type(file["type"])
+
+        git_mode = "100644"
+        if "x" in type_mods:
+            git_mode = "100755"
+        if type_base == "symlink":
+            git_mode = "120000"
+            # p4 print on a symlink contains "target\n"; remove the newline
+            data = ''.join(contents)
+            contents = [data[:-1]]
+
+        if type_base == "utf16":
+            # p4 delivers different text in the python output to -G
+            # than it does when using "print -o", or normal p4 client
+            # operations.  utf16 is converted to ascii or utf8, perhaps.
+            # But ascii text saved as -t utf16 is completely mangled.
+            # Invoke print -o to get the real contents.
+            #
+            # On windows, the newlines will always be mangled by print, so put
+            # them back too.  This is not needed to the cygwin windows version,
+            # just the native "NT" type.
+            #
+            text = p4_read_pipe(['print', '-q', '-o', '-', file['depotFile']])
+            if p4_version_string().find("/NT") >= 0:
+                text = text.replace("\r\n", "\n")
+            contents = [ text ]
+
+        if type_base == "apple":
+            # Apple filetype files will be streamed as a concatenation of
+            # its appledouble header and the contents.  This is useless
+            # on both macs and non-macs.  If using "print -q -o xx", it
+            # will create "xx" with the data, and "%xx" with the header.
+            # This is also not very useful.
+            #
+            # Ideally, someday, this script can learn how to generate
+            # appledouble files directly and import those to git, but
+            # non-mac machines can never find a use for apple filetype.
+            print "\nIgnoring apple filetype file %s" % file['depotFile']
+            return
+
+        # Note that we do not try to de-mangle keywords on utf16 files,
+        # even though in theory somebody may want that.
+        pattern = p4_keywords_regexp_for_type(type_base, type_mods)
+        if pattern:
+            regexp = re.compile(pattern, re.VERBOSE)
+            text = ''.join(contents)
+            text = regexp.sub(r'$\1$', text)
+            contents = [ text ]
+
+        self.gitStream.write("M %s inline %s\n" % (git_mode, relPath))
+
+        # total length...
+        length = 0
+        for d in contents:
+            length = length + len(d)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("data %d\n" % length)
+        for d in contents:
+            self.gitStream.write(d)
+        self.gitStream.write("\n")
+
+    def streamOneP4Deletion(self, file):
+        relPath = self.stripRepoPath(file['path'], self.branchPrefixes)
+        if verbose:
+            sys.stderr.write("delete %s\n" % relPath)
+        self.gitStream.write("D %s\n" % relPath)
+
+    # handle another chunk of streaming data
+    def streamP4FilesCb(self, marshalled):
+
+        # catch p4 errors and complain
+        err = None
+        if "code" in marshalled:
+            if marshalled["code"] == "error":
+                if "data" in marshalled:
+                    err = marshalled["data"].rstrip()
+        if err:
+            f = None
+            if self.stream_have_file_info:
+                if "depotFile" in self.stream_file:
+                    f = self.stream_file["depotFile"]
+            # force a failure in fast-import, else an empty
+            # commit will be made
+            self.gitStream.write("\n")
+            self.gitStream.write("die-now\n")
+            self.gitStream.close()
+            # ignore errors, but make sure it exits first
+            self.importProcess.wait()
+            if f:
+                die("Error from p4 print for %s: %s" % (f, err))
+            else:
+                die("Error from p4 print: %s" % err)
+
+        if marshalled.has_key('depotFile') and self.stream_have_file_info:
+            # start of a new file - output the old one first
+            self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
+            self.stream_file = {}
+            self.stream_contents = []
+            self.stream_have_file_info = False
+
+        # pick up the new file information... for the
+        # 'data' field we need to append to our array
+        for k in marshalled.keys():
+            if k == 'data':
+                self.stream_contents.append(marshalled['data'])
+            else:
+                self.stream_file[k] = marshalled[k]
+
+        self.stream_have_file_info = True
+
+    # Stream directly from "p4 files" into "git fast-import"
+    def streamP4Files(self, files):
+        filesForCommit = []
+        filesToRead = []
+        filesToDelete = []
+
+        for f in files:
+            # if using a client spec, only add the files that have
+            # a path in the client
+            if self.clientSpecDirs:
+                if self.clientSpecDirs.map_in_client(f['path']) == "":
+                    continue
+
+            filesForCommit.append(f)
+            if f['action'] in self.delete_actions:
+                filesToDelete.append(f)
+            else:
+                filesToRead.append(f)
+
+        # deleted files...
+        for f in filesToDelete:
+            self.streamOneP4Deletion(f)
+
+        if len(filesToRead) > 0:
+            self.stream_file = {}
+            self.stream_contents = []
+            self.stream_have_file_info = False
+
+            # curry self argument
+            def streamP4FilesCbSelf(entry):
+                self.streamP4FilesCb(entry)
+
+            fileArgs = ['%s#%s' % (f['path'], f['rev']) for f in filesToRead]
+
+            p4CmdList(["-x", "-", "print"],
+                      stdin=fileArgs,
+                      cb=streamP4FilesCbSelf)
+
+            # do the last chunk
+            if self.stream_file.has_key('depotFile'):
+                self.streamOneP4File(self.stream_file, self.stream_contents)
+
+    def make_email(self, userid):
+        if userid in self.users:
+            return self.users[userid]
+        else:
+            return "%s <a@b>" % userid
+
+    # Stream a p4 tag
+    def streamTag(self, gitStream, labelName, labelDetails, commit, epoch):
+        if verbose:
+            print "writing tag %s for commit %s" % (labelName, commit)
+        gitStream.write("tag %s\n" % labelName)
+        gitStream.write("from %s\n" % commit)
+
+        if labelDetails.has_key('Owner'):
+            owner = labelDetails["Owner"]
+        else:
+            owner = None
+
+        # Try to use the owner of the p4 label, or failing that,
+        # the current p4 user id.
+        if owner:
+            email = self.make_email(owner)
+        else:
+            email = self.make_email(self.p4UserId())
+        tagger = "%s %s %s" % (email, epoch, self.tz)
+
+        gitStream.write("tagger %s\n" % tagger)
+
+        print "labelDetails=",labelDetails
+        if labelDetails.has_key('Description'):
+            description = labelDetails['Description']
+        else:
+            description = 'Label from git p4'
+
+        gitStream.write("data %d\n" % len(description))
+        gitStream.write(description)
+        gitStream.write("\n")
+
+    def commit(self, details, files, branch, parent = ""):
+        epoch = details["time"]
+        author = details["user"]
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "commit into %s" % branch
+
+        # start with reading files; if that fails, we should not
+        # create a commit.
+        new_files = []
+        for f in files:
+            if [p for p in self.branchPrefixes if p4PathStartsWith(f['path'], p)]:
+                new_files.append (f)
+            else:
+                sys.stderr.write("Ignoring file outside of prefix: %s\n" % f['path'])
+
+        self.gitStream.write("commit %s\n" % branch)
+#        gitStream.write("mark :%s\n" % details["change"])
+        self.committedChanges.add(int(details["change"]))
+        committer = ""
+        if author not in self.users:
+            self.getUserMapFromPerforceServer()
+        committer = "%s %s %s" % (self.make_email(author), epoch, self.tz)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("committer %s\n" % committer)
+
+        self.gitStream.write("data <<EOT\n")
+        self.gitStream.write(details["desc"])
+        self.gitStream.write("\n[git-p4: depot-paths = \"%s\": change = %s" %
+                             (','.join(self.branchPrefixes), details["change"]))
+        if len(details['options']) > 0:
+            self.gitStream.write(": options = %s" % details['options'])
+        self.gitStream.write("]\nEOT\n\n")
+
+        if len(parent) > 0:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "parent %s" % parent
+            self.gitStream.write("from %s\n" % parent)
+
+        self.streamP4Files(new_files)
+        self.gitStream.write("\n")
+
+        change = int(details["change"])
+
+        if self.labels.has_key(change):
+            label = self.labels[change]
+            labelDetails = label[0]
+            labelRevisions = label[1]
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "Change %s is labelled %s" % (change, labelDetails)
+
+            files = p4CmdList(["files"] + ["%s...@%s" % (p, change)
+                                                for p in self.branchPrefixes])
+
+            if len(files) == len(labelRevisions):
+
+                cleanedFiles = {}
+                for info in files:
+                    if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
+                        continue
+                    cleanedFiles[info["depotFile"]] = info["rev"]
+
+                if cleanedFiles == labelRevisions:
+                    self.streamTag(self.gitStream, 'tag_%s' % labelDetails['label'], labelDetails, branch, epoch)
+
+                else:
+                    if not self.silent:
+                        print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: files do not match."
+                               % (labelDetails["label"], change))
+
+            else:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print ("Tag %s does not match with change %s: file count is different."
+                           % (labelDetails["label"], change))
+
+    # Build a dictionary of changelists and labels, for "detect-labels" option.
+    def getLabels(self):
+        self.labels = {}
+
+        l = p4CmdList(["labels"] + ["%s..." % p for p in self.depotPaths])
+        if len(l) > 0 and not self.silent:
+            print "Finding files belonging to labels in %s" % `self.depotPaths`
+
+        for output in l:
+            label = output["label"]
+            revisions = {}
+            newestChange = 0
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "Querying files for label %s" % label
+            for file in p4CmdList(["files"] +
+                                      ["%s...@%s" % (p, label)
+                                          for p in self.depotPaths]):
+                revisions[file["depotFile"]] = file["rev"]
+                change = int(file["change"])
+                if change > newestChange:
+                    newestChange = change
+
+            self.labels[newestChange] = [output, revisions]
+
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "Label changes: %s" % self.labels.keys()
+
+    # Import p4 labels as git tags. A direct mapping does not
+    # exist, so assume that if all the files are at the same revision
+    # then we can use that, or it's something more complicated we should
+    # just ignore.
+    def importP4Labels(self, stream, p4Labels):
+        if verbose:
+            print "import p4 labels: " + ' '.join(p4Labels)
+
+        ignoredP4Labels = gitConfigList("git-p4.ignoredP4Labels")
+        validLabelRegexp = gitConfig("git-p4.labelImportRegexp")
+        if len(validLabelRegexp) == 0:
+            validLabelRegexp = defaultLabelRegexp
+        m = re.compile(validLabelRegexp)
+
+        for name in p4Labels:
+            commitFound = False
+
+            if not m.match(name):
+                if verbose:
+                    print "label %s does not match regexp %s" % (name,validLabelRegexp)
+                continue
+
+            if name in ignoredP4Labels:
+                continue
+
+            labelDetails = p4CmdList(['label', "-o", name])[0]
+
+            # get the most recent changelist for each file in this label
+            change = p4Cmd(["changes", "-m", "1"] + ["%s...@%s" % (p, name)
+                                for p in self.depotPaths])
+
+            if change.has_key('change'):
+                # find the corresponding git commit; take the oldest commit
+                changelist = int(change['change'])
+                gitCommit = read_pipe(["git", "rev-list", "--max-count=1",
+                     "--reverse", ":/\[git-p4:.*change = %d\]" % changelist])
+                if len(gitCommit) == 0:
+                    print "could not find git commit for changelist %d" % changelist
+                else:
+                    gitCommit = gitCommit.strip()
+                    commitFound = True
+                    # Convert from p4 time format
+                    try:
+                        tmwhen = time.strptime(labelDetails['Update'], "%Y/%m/%d %H:%M:%S")
+                    except ValueError:
+                        print "Could not convert label time %s" % labelDetails['Update']
+                        tmwhen = 1
+
+                    when = int(time.mktime(tmwhen))
+                    self.streamTag(stream, name, labelDetails, gitCommit, when)
+                    if verbose:
+                        print "p4 label %s mapped to git commit %s" % (name, gitCommit)
+            else:
+                if verbose:
+                    print "Label %s has no changelists - possibly deleted?" % name
+
+            if not commitFound:
+                # We can't import this label; don't try again as it will get very
+                # expensive repeatedly fetching all the files for labels that will
+                # never be imported. If the label is moved in the future, the
+                # ignore will need to be removed manually.
+                system(["git", "config", "--add", "git-p4.ignoredP4Labels", name])
+
+    def guessProjectName(self):
+        for p in self.depotPaths:
+            if p.endswith("/"):
+                p = p[:-1]
+            p = p[p.strip().rfind("/") + 1:]
+            if not p.endswith("/"):
+               p += "/"
+            return p
+
+    def getBranchMapping(self):
+        lostAndFoundBranches = set()
+
+        user = gitConfig("git-p4.branchUser")
+        if len(user) > 0:
+            command = "branches -u %s" % user
+        else:
+            command = "branches"
+
+        for info in p4CmdList(command):
+            details = p4Cmd(["branch", "-o", info["branch"]])
+            viewIdx = 0
+            while details.has_key("View%s" % viewIdx):
+                paths = details["View%s" % viewIdx].split(" ")
+                viewIdx = viewIdx + 1
+                # require standard //depot/foo/... //depot/bar/... mapping
+                if len(paths) != 2 or not paths[0].endswith("/...") or not paths[1].endswith("/..."):
+                    continue
+                source = paths[0]
+                destination = paths[1]
+                ## HACK
+                if p4PathStartsWith(source, self.depotPaths[0]) and p4PathStartsWith(destination, self.depotPaths[0]):
+                    source = source[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
+                    destination = destination[len(self.depotPaths[0]):-4]
+
+                    if destination in self.knownBranches:
+                        if not self.silent:
+                            print "p4 branch %s defines a mapping from %s to %s" % (info["branch"], source, destination)
+                            print "but there exists another mapping from %s to %s already!" % (self.knownBranches[destination], destination)
+                        continue
+
+                    self.knownBranches[destination] = source
+
+                    lostAndFoundBranches.discard(destination)
+
+                    if source not in self.knownBranches:
+                        lostAndFoundBranches.add(source)
+
+        # Perforce does not strictly require branches to be defined, so we also
+        # check git config for a branch list.
+        #
+        # Example of branch definition in git config file:
+        # [git-p4]
+        #   branchList=main:branchA
+        #   branchList=main:branchB
+        #   branchList=branchA:branchC
+        configBranches = gitConfigList("git-p4.branchList")
+        for branch in configBranches:
+            if branch:
+                (source, destination) = branch.split(":")
+                self.knownBranches[destination] = source
+
+                lostAndFoundBranches.discard(destination)
+
+                if source not in self.knownBranches:
+                    lostAndFoundBranches.add(source)
+
+
+        for branch in lostAndFoundBranches:
+            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
+
+    def getBranchMappingFromGitBranches(self):
+        branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
+        for branch in branches.keys():
+            if branch == "master":
+                branch = "main"
+            else:
+                branch = branch[len(self.projectName):]
+            self.knownBranches[branch] = branch
+
+    def updateOptionDict(self, d):
+        option_keys = {}
+        if self.keepRepoPath:
+            option_keys['keepRepoPath'] = 1
+
+        d["options"] = ' '.join(sorted(option_keys.keys()))
+
+    def readOptions(self, d):
+        self.keepRepoPath = (d.has_key('options')
+                             and ('keepRepoPath' in d['options']))
+
+    def gitRefForBranch(self, branch):
+        if branch == "main":
+            return self.refPrefix + "master"
+
+        if len(branch) <= 0:
+            return branch
+
+        return self.refPrefix + self.projectName + branch
+
+    def gitCommitByP4Change(self, ref, change):
+        if self.verbose:
+            print "looking in ref " + ref + " for change %s using bisect..." % change
+
+        earliestCommit = ""
+        latestCommit = parseRevision(ref)
+
+        while True:
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "trying: earliest %s latest %s" % (earliestCommit, latestCommit)
+            next = read_pipe("git rev-list --bisect %s %s" % (latestCommit, earliestCommit)).strip()
+            if len(next) == 0:
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "argh"
+                return ""
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(next)
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+            currentChange = int(settings['change'])
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "current change %s" % currentChange
+
+            if currentChange == change:
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "found %s" % next
+                return next
+
+            if currentChange < change:
+                earliestCommit = "^%s" % next
+            else:
+                latestCommit = "%s" % next
+
+        return ""
+
+    def importNewBranch(self, branch, maxChange):
+        # make fast-import flush all changes to disk and update the refs using the checkpoint
+        # command so that we can try to find the branch parent in the git history
+        self.gitStream.write("checkpoint\n\n");
+        self.gitStream.flush();
+        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
+        range = "@1,%s" % maxChange
+        #print "prefix" + branchPrefix
+        changes = p4ChangesForPaths([branchPrefix], range)
+        if len(changes) <= 0:
+            return False
+        firstChange = changes[0]
+        #print "first change in branch: %s" % firstChange
+        sourceBranch = self.knownBranches[branch]
+        sourceDepotPath = self.depotPaths[0] + sourceBranch
+        sourceRef = self.gitRefForBranch(sourceBranch)
+        #print "source " + sourceBranch
+
+        branchParentChange = int(p4Cmd(["changes", "-m", "1", "%s...@1,%s" % (sourceDepotPath, firstChange)])["change"])
+        #print "branch parent: %s" % branchParentChange
+        gitParent = self.gitCommitByP4Change(sourceRef, branchParentChange)
+        if len(gitParent) > 0:
+            self.initialParents[self.gitRefForBranch(branch)] = gitParent
+            #print "parent git commit: %s" % gitParent
+
+        self.importChanges(changes)
+        return True
+
+    def searchParent(self, parent, branch, target):
+        parentFound = False
+        for blob in read_pipe_lines(["git", "rev-list", "--reverse",
+                                     "--no-merges", parent]):
+            blob = blob.strip()
+            if len(read_pipe(["git", "diff-tree", blob, target])) == 0:
+                parentFound = True
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "Found parent of %s in commit %s" % (branch, blob)
+                break
+        if parentFound:
+            return blob
+        else:
+            return None
+
+    def importChanges(self, changes):
+        cnt = 1
+        for change in changes:
+            description = p4_describe(change)
+            self.updateOptionDict(description)
+
+            if not self.silent:
+                sys.stdout.write("\rImporting revision %s (%s%%)" % (change, cnt * 100 / len(changes)))
+                sys.stdout.flush()
+            cnt = cnt + 1
+
+            try:
+                if self.detectBranches:
+                    branches = self.splitFilesIntoBranches(description)
+                    for branch in branches.keys():
+                        ## HACK  --hwn
+                        branchPrefix = self.depotPaths[0] + branch + "/"
+                        self.branchPrefixes = [ branchPrefix ]
+
+                        parent = ""
+
+                        filesForCommit = branches[branch]
+
+                        if self.verbose:
+                            print "branch is %s" % branch
+
+                        self.updatedBranches.add(branch)
+
+                        if branch not in self.createdBranches:
+                            self.createdBranches.add(branch)
+                            parent = self.knownBranches[branch]
+                            if parent == branch:
+                                parent = ""
+                            else:
+                                fullBranch = self.projectName + branch
+                                if fullBranch not in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                                    if not self.silent:
+                                        print("\n    Importing new branch %s" % fullBranch);
+                                    if self.importNewBranch(branch, change - 1):
+                                        parent = ""
+                                        self.p4BranchesInGit.append(fullBranch)
+                                    if not self.silent:
+                                        print("\n    Resuming with change %s" % change);
+
+                                if self.verbose:
+                                    print "parent determined through known branches: %s" % parent
+
+                        branch = self.gitRefForBranch(branch)
+                        parent = self.gitRefForBranch(parent)
+
+                        if self.verbose:
+                            print "looking for initial parent for %s; current parent is %s" % (branch, parent)
+
+                        if len(parent) == 0 and branch in self.initialParents:
+                            parent = self.initialParents[branch]
+                            del self.initialParents[branch]
+
+                        blob = None
+                        if len(parent) > 0:
+                            tempBranch = "%s/%d" % (self.tempBranchLocation, change)
+                            if self.verbose:
+                                print "Creating temporary branch: " + tempBranch
+                            self.commit(description, filesForCommit, tempBranch)
+                            self.tempBranches.append(tempBranch)
+                            self.checkpoint()
+                            blob = self.searchParent(parent, branch, tempBranch)
+                        if blob:
+                            self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, blob)
+                        else:
+                            if self.verbose:
+                                print "Parent of %s not found. Committing into head of %s" % (branch, parent)
+                            self.commit(description, filesForCommit, branch, parent)
+                else:
+                    files = self.extractFilesFromCommit(description)
+                    self.commit(description, files, self.branch,
+                                self.initialParent)
+                    # only needed once, to connect to the previous commit
+                    self.initialParent = ""
+            except IOError:
+                print self.gitError.read()
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+    def importHeadRevision(self, revision):
+        print "Doing initial import of %s from revision %s into %s" % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision, self.branch)
+
+        details = {}
+        details["user"] = "git perforce import user"
+        details["desc"] = ("Initial import of %s from the state at revision %s\n"
+                           % (' '.join(self.depotPaths), revision))
+        details["change"] = revision
+        newestRevision = 0
+
+        fileCnt = 0
+        fileArgs = ["%s...%s" % (p,revision) for p in self.depotPaths]
+
+        for info in p4CmdList(["files"] + fileArgs):
+
+            if 'code' in info and info['code'] == 'error':
+                sys.stderr.write("p4 returned an error: %s\n"
+                                 % info['data'])
+                if info['data'].find("must refer to client") >= 0:
+                    sys.stderr.write("This particular p4 error is misleading.\n")
+                    sys.stderr.write("Perhaps the depot path was misspelled.\n");
+                    sys.stderr.write("Depot path:  %s\n" % " ".join(self.depotPaths))
+                sys.exit(1)
+            if 'p4ExitCode' in info:
+                sys.stderr.write("p4 exitcode: %s\n" % info['p4ExitCode'])
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+
+            change = int(info["change"])
+            if change > newestRevision:
+                newestRevision = change
+
+            if info["action"] in self.delete_actions:
+                # don't increase the file cnt, otherwise details["depotFile123"] will have gaps!
+                #fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
+                continue
+
+            for prop in ["depotFile", "rev", "action", "type" ]:
+                details["%s%s" % (prop, fileCnt)] = info[prop]
+
+            fileCnt = fileCnt + 1
+
+        details["change"] = newestRevision
+
+        # Use time from top-most change so that all git p4 clones of
+        # the same p4 repo have the same commit SHA1s.
+        res = p4_describe(newestRevision)
+        details["time"] = res["time"]
+
+        self.updateOptionDict(details)
+        try:
+            self.commit(details, self.extractFilesFromCommit(details), self.branch)
+        except IOError:
+            print "IO error with git fast-import. Is your git version recent enough?"
+            print self.gitError.read()
+
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        self.depotPaths = []
+        self.changeRange = ""
+        self.previousDepotPaths = []
+        self.hasOrigin = False
+
+        # map from branch depot path to parent branch
+        self.knownBranches = {}
+        self.initialParents = {}
+
+        if self.importIntoRemotes:
+            self.refPrefix = "refs/remotes/p4/"
+        else:
+            self.refPrefix = "refs/heads/p4/"
+
+        if self.syncWithOrigin:
+            self.hasOrigin = originP4BranchesExist()
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print 'Syncing with origin first, using "git fetch origin"'
+                system("git fetch origin")
+
+        branch_arg_given = bool(self.branch)
+        if len(self.branch) == 0:
+            self.branch = self.refPrefix + "master"
+            if gitBranchExists("refs/heads/p4") and self.importIntoRemotes:
+                system("git update-ref %s refs/heads/p4" % self.branch)
+                system("git branch -D p4")
+
+        # accept either the command-line option, or the configuration variable
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+            # will use this after clone to set the variable
+            self.useClientSpec_from_options = True
+        else:
+            if gitConfigBool("git-p4.useclientspec"):
+                self.useClientSpec = True
+        if self.useClientSpec:
+            self.clientSpecDirs = getClientSpec()
+
+        # TODO: should always look at previous commits,
+        # merge with previous imports, if possible.
+        if args == []:
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin(self.refPrefix, self.silent)
+
+            # branches holds mapping from branch name to sha1
+            branches = p4BranchesInGit(self.importIntoRemotes)
+
+            # restrict to just this one, disabling detect-branches
+            if branch_arg_given:
+                short = self.branch.split("/")[-1]
+                if short in branches:
+                    self.p4BranchesInGit = [ short ]
+            else:
+                self.p4BranchesInGit = branches.keys()
+
+            if len(self.p4BranchesInGit) > 1:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print "Importing from/into multiple branches"
+                self.detectBranches = True
+                for branch in branches.keys():
+                    self.initialParents[self.refPrefix + branch] = \
+                        branches[branch]
+
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
+
+            p4Change = 0
+            for branch in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                logMsg =  extractLogMessageFromGitCommit(self.refPrefix + branch)
+
+                settings = extractSettingsGitLog(logMsg)
+
+                self.readOptions(settings)
+                if (settings.has_key('depot-paths')
+                    and settings.has_key ('change')):
+                    change = int(settings['change']) + 1
+                    p4Change = max(p4Change, change)
+
+                    depotPaths = sorted(settings['depot-paths'])
+                    if self.previousDepotPaths == []:
+                        self.previousDepotPaths = depotPaths
+                    else:
+                        paths = []
+                        for (prev, cur) in zip(self.previousDepotPaths, depotPaths):
+                            prev_list = prev.split("/")
+                            cur_list = cur.split("/")
+                            for i in range(0, min(len(cur_list), len(prev_list))):
+                                if cur_list[i] <> prev_list[i]:
+                                    i = i - 1
+                                    break
+
+                            paths.append ("/".join(cur_list[:i + 1]))
+
+                        self.previousDepotPaths = paths
+
+            if p4Change > 0:
+                self.depotPaths = sorted(self.previousDepotPaths)
+                self.changeRange = "@%s,#head" % p4Change
+                if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
+                    print "Performing incremental import into %s git branch" % self.branch
+
+        # accept multiple ref name abbreviations:
+        #    refs/foo/bar/branch -> use it exactly
+        #    p4/branch -> prepend refs/remotes/ or refs/heads/
+        #    branch -> prepend refs/remotes/p4/ or refs/heads/p4/
+        if not self.branch.startswith("refs/"):
+            if self.importIntoRemotes:
+                prepend = "refs/remotes/"
+            else:
+                prepend = "refs/heads/"
+            if not self.branch.startswith("p4/"):
+                prepend += "p4/"
+            self.branch = prepend + self.branch
+
+        if len(args) == 0 and self.depotPaths:
+            if not self.silent:
+                print "Depot paths: %s" % ' '.join(self.depotPaths)
+        else:
+            if self.depotPaths and self.depotPaths != args:
+                print ("previous import used depot path %s and now %s was specified. "
+                       "This doesn't work!" % (' '.join (self.depotPaths),
+                                               ' '.join (args)))
+                sys.exit(1)
+
+            self.depotPaths = sorted(args)
+
+        revision = ""
+        self.users = {}
+
+        # Make sure no revision specifiers are used when --changesfile
+        # is specified.
+        bad_changesfile = False
+        if len(self.changesFile) > 0:
+            for p in self.depotPaths:
+                if p.find("@") >= 0 or p.find("#") >= 0:
+                    bad_changesfile = True
+                    break
+        if bad_changesfile:
+            die("Option --changesfile is incompatible with revision specifiers")
+
+        newPaths = []
+        for p in self.depotPaths:
+            if p.find("@") != -1:
+                atIdx = p.index("@")
+                self.changeRange = p[atIdx:]
+                if self.changeRange == "@all":
+                    self.changeRange = ""
+                elif ',' not in self.changeRange:
+                    revision = self.changeRange
+                    self.changeRange = ""
+                p = p[:atIdx]
+            elif p.find("#") != -1:
+                hashIdx = p.index("#")
+                revision = p[hashIdx:]
+                p = p[:hashIdx]
+            elif self.previousDepotPaths == []:
+                # pay attention to changesfile, if given, else import
+                # the entire p4 tree at the head revision
+                if len(self.changesFile) == 0:
+                    revision = "#head"
+
+            p = re.sub ("\.\.\.$", "", p)
+            if not p.endswith("/"):
+                p += "/"
+
+            newPaths.append(p)
+
+        self.depotPaths = newPaths
+
+        # --detect-branches may change this for each branch
+        self.branchPrefixes = self.depotPaths
+
+        self.loadUserMapFromCache()
+        self.labels = {}
+        if self.detectLabels:
+            self.getLabels();
+
+        if self.detectBranches:
+            ## FIXME - what's a P4 projectName ?
+            self.projectName = self.guessProjectName()
+
+            if self.hasOrigin:
+                self.getBranchMappingFromGitBranches()
+            else:
+                self.getBranchMapping()
+            if self.verbose:
+                print "p4-git branches: %s" % self.p4BranchesInGit
+                print "initial parents: %s" % self.initialParents
+            for b in self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                if b != "master":
+
+                    ## FIXME
+                    b = b[len(self.projectName):]
+                self.createdBranches.add(b)
+
+        self.tz = "%+03d%02d" % (- time.timezone / 3600, ((- time.timezone % 3600) / 60))
+
+        self.importProcess = subprocess.Popen(["git", "fast-import"],
+                                              stdin=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                              stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
+                                              stderr=subprocess.PIPE);
+        self.gitOutput = self.importProcess.stdout
+        self.gitStream = self.importProcess.stdin
+        self.gitError = self.importProcess.stderr
+
+        if revision:
+            self.importHeadRevision(revision)
+        else:
+            changes = []
+
+            if len(self.changesFile) > 0:
+                output = open(self.changesFile).readlines()
+                changeSet = set()
+                for line in output:
+                    changeSet.add(int(line))
+
+                for change in changeSet:
+                    changes.append(change)
+
+                changes.sort()
+            else:
+                # catch "git p4 sync" with no new branches, in a repo that
+                # does not have any existing p4 branches
+                if len(args) == 0:
+                    if not self.p4BranchesInGit:
+                        die("No remote p4 branches.  Perhaps you never did \"git p4 clone\" in here.")
+
+                    # The default branch is master, unless --branch is used to
+                    # specify something else.  Make sure it exists, or complain
+                    # nicely about how to use --branch.
+                    if not self.detectBranches:
+                        if not branch_exists(self.branch):
+                            if branch_arg_given:
+                                die("Error: branch %s does not exist." % self.branch)
+                            else:
+                                die("Error: no branch %s; perhaps specify one with --branch." %
+                                    self.branch)
+
+                if self.verbose:
+                    print "Getting p4 changes for %s...%s" % (', '.join(self.depotPaths),
+                                                              self.changeRange)
+                changes = p4ChangesForPaths(self.depotPaths, self.changeRange)
+
+                if len(self.maxChanges) > 0:
+                    changes = changes[:min(int(self.maxChanges), len(changes))]
+
+            if len(changes) == 0:
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print "No changes to import!"
+            else:
+                if not self.silent and not self.detectBranches:
+                    print "Import destination: %s" % self.branch
+
+                self.updatedBranches = set()
+
+                if not self.detectBranches:
+                    if args:
+                        # start a new branch
+                        self.initialParent = ""
+                    else:
+                        # build on a previous revision
+                        self.initialParent = parseRevision(self.branch)
+
+                self.importChanges(changes)
+
+                if not self.silent:
+                    print ""
+                    if len(self.updatedBranches) > 0:
+                        sys.stdout.write("Updated branches: ")
+                        for b in self.updatedBranches:
+                            sys.stdout.write("%s " % b)
+                        sys.stdout.write("\n")
+
+        if gitConfigBool("git-p4.importLabels"):
+            self.importLabels = True
+
+        if self.importLabels:
+            p4Labels = getP4Labels(self.depotPaths)
+            gitTags = getGitTags()
+
+            missingP4Labels = p4Labels - gitTags
+            self.importP4Labels(self.gitStream, missingP4Labels)
+
+        self.gitStream.close()
+        if self.importProcess.wait() != 0:
+            die("fast-import failed: %s" % self.gitError.read())
+        self.gitOutput.close()
+        self.gitError.close()
+
+        # Cleanup temporary branches created during import
+        if self.tempBranches != []:
+            for branch in self.tempBranches:
+                read_pipe("git update-ref -d %s" % branch)
+            os.rmdir(os.path.join(os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", ".git"), self.tempBranchLocation))
+
+        # Create a symbolic ref p4/HEAD pointing to p4/<branch> to allow
+        # a convenient shortcut refname "p4".
+        if self.importIntoRemotes:
+            head_ref = self.refPrefix + "HEAD"
+            if not gitBranchExists(head_ref) and gitBranchExists(self.branch):
+                system(["git", "symbolic-ref", head_ref, self.branch])
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Rebase(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [
+                optparse.make_option("--import-labels", dest="importLabels", action="store_true"),
+        ]
+        self.importLabels = False
+        self.description = ("Fetches the latest revision from perforce and "
+                            + "rebases the current work (branch) against it")
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        sync = P4Sync()
+        sync.importLabels = self.importLabels
+        sync.run([])
+
+        return self.rebase()
+
+    def rebase(self):
+        if os.system("git update-index --refresh") != 0:
+            die("Some files in your working directory are modified and different than what is in your index. You can use git update-index <filename> to bring the index up-to-date or stash away all your changes with git stash.");
+        if len(read_pipe("git diff-index HEAD --")) > 0:
+            die("You have uncommited changes. Please commit them before rebasing or stash them away with git stash.");
+
+        [upstream, settings] = findUpstreamBranchPoint()
+        if len(upstream) == 0:
+            die("Cannot find upstream branchpoint for rebase")
+
+        # the branchpoint may be p4/foo~3, so strip off the parent
+        upstream = re.sub("~[0-9]+$", "", upstream)
+
+        print "Rebasing the current branch onto %s" % upstream
+        oldHead = read_pipe("git rev-parse HEAD").strip()
+        system("git rebase %s" % upstream)
+        system("git diff-tree --stat --summary -M %s HEAD" % oldHead)
+        return True
+
+class P4Clone(P4Sync):
+    def __init__(self):
+        P4Sync.__init__(self)
+        self.description = "Creates a new git repository and imports from Perforce into it"
+        self.usage = "usage: %prog [options] //depot/path[@revRange]"
+        self.options += [
+            optparse.make_option("--destination", dest="cloneDestination",
+                                 action='store', default=None,
+                                 help="where to leave result of the clone"),
+            optparse.make_option("-/", dest="cloneExclude",
+                                 action="append", type="string",
+                                 help="exclude depot path"),
+            optparse.make_option("--bare", dest="cloneBare",
+                                 action="store_true", default=False),
+        ]
+        self.cloneDestination = None
+        self.needsGit = False
+        self.cloneBare = False
+
+    # This is required for the "append" cloneExclude action
+    def ensure_value(self, attr, value):
+        if not hasattr(self, attr) or getattr(self, attr) is None:
+            setattr(self, attr, value)
+        return getattr(self, attr)
+
+    def defaultDestination(self, args):
+        ## TODO: use common prefix of args?
+        depotPath = args[0]
+        depotDir = re.sub("(@[^@]*)$", "", depotPath)
+        depotDir = re.sub("(#[^#]*)$", "", depotDir)
+        depotDir = re.sub(r"\.\.\.$", "", depotDir)
+        depotDir = re.sub(r"/$", "", depotDir)
+        return os.path.split(depotDir)[1]
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if len(args) < 1:
+            return False
+
+        if self.keepRepoPath and not self.cloneDestination:
+            sys.stderr.write("Must specify destination for --keep-path\n")
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+        depotPaths = args
+
+        if not self.cloneDestination and len(depotPaths) > 1:
+            self.cloneDestination = depotPaths[-1]
+            depotPaths = depotPaths[:-1]
+
+        self.cloneExclude = ["/"+p for p in self.cloneExclude]
+        for p in depotPaths:
+            if not p.startswith("//"):
+                sys.stderr.write('Depot paths must start with "//": %s\n' % p)
+                return False
+
+        if not self.cloneDestination:
+            self.cloneDestination = self.defaultDestination(args)
+
+        print "Importing from %s into %s" % (', '.join(depotPaths), self.cloneDestination)
+
+        if not os.path.exists(self.cloneDestination):
+            os.makedirs(self.cloneDestination)
+        chdir(self.cloneDestination)
+
+        init_cmd = [ "git", "init" ]
+        if self.cloneBare:
+            init_cmd.append("--bare")
+        retcode = subprocess.call(init_cmd)
+        if retcode:
+            raise CalledProcessError(retcode, init_cmd)
+
+        if not P4Sync.run(self, depotPaths):
+            return False
+
+        # create a master branch and check out a work tree
+        if gitBranchExists(self.branch):
+            system([ "git", "branch", "master", self.branch ])
+            if not self.cloneBare:
+                system([ "git", "checkout", "-f" ])
+        else:
+            print 'Not checking out any branch, use ' \
+                  '"git checkout -q -b master <branch>"'
+
+        # auto-set this variable if invoked with --use-client-spec
+        if self.useClientSpec_from_options:
+            system("git config --bool git-p4.useclientspec true")
+
+        return True
+
+class P4Branches(Command):
+    def __init__(self):
+        Command.__init__(self)
+        self.options = [ ]
+        self.description = ("Shows the git branches that hold imports and their "
+                            + "corresponding perforce depot paths")
+        self.verbose = False
+
+    def run(self, args):
+        if originP4BranchesExist():
+            createOrUpdateBranchesFromOrigin()
+
+        cmdline = "git rev-parse --symbolic "
+        cmdline += " --remotes"
+
+        for line in read_pipe_lines(cmdline):
+            line = line.strip()
+
+            if not line.startswith('p4/') or line == "p4/HEAD":
+                continue
+            branch = line
+
+            log = extractLogMessageFromGitCommit("refs/remotes/%s" % branch)
+            settings = extractSettingsGitLog(log)
+
+            print "%s <= %s (%s)" % (branch, ",".join(settings["depot-paths"]), settings["change"])
+        return True
+
+class HelpFormatter(optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter):
+    def __init__(self):
+        optparse.IndentedHelpFormatter.__init__(self)
+
+    def format_description(self, description):
+        if description:
+            return description + "\n"
+        else:
+            return ""
+
+def printUsage(commands):
+    print "usage: %s <command> [options]" % sys.argv[0]
+    print ""
+    print "valid commands: %s" % ", ".join(commands)
+    print ""
+    print "Try %s <command> --help for command specific help." % sys.argv[0]
+    print ""
+
+commands = {
+    "debug" : P4Debug,
+    "submit" : P4Submit,
+    "commit" : P4Submit,
+    "sync" : P4Sync,
+    "rebase" : P4Rebase,
+    "clone" : P4Clone,
+    "rollback" : P4RollBack,
+    "branches" : P4Branches
+}
+
+
+def main():
+    if len(sys.argv[1:]) == 0:
+        printUsage(commands.keys())
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    cmdName = sys.argv[1]
+    try:
+        klass = commands[cmdName]
+        cmd = klass()
+    except KeyError:
+        print "unknown command %s" % cmdName
+        print ""
+        printUsage(commands.keys())
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+    options = cmd.options
+    cmd.gitdir = os.environ.get("GIT_DIR", None)
+
+    args = sys.argv[2:]
+
+    options.append(optparse.make_option("--verbose", "-v", dest="verbose", action="store_true"))
+    if cmd.needsGit:
+        options.append(optparse.make_option("--git-dir", dest="gitdir"))
+
+    parser = optparse.OptionParser(cmd.usage.replace("%prog", "%prog " + cmdName),
+                                   options,
+                                   description = cmd.description,
+                                   formatter = HelpFormatter())
+
+    (cmd, args) = parser.parse_args(sys.argv[2:], cmd);
+    global verbose
+    verbose = cmd.verbose
+    if cmd.needsGit:
+        if cmd.gitdir == None:
+            cmd.gitdir = os.path.abspath(".git")
+            if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
+                cmd.gitdir = read_pipe("git rev-parse --git-dir").strip()
+                if os.path.exists(cmd.gitdir):
+                    cdup = read_pipe("git rev-parse --show-cdup").strip()
+                    if len(cdup) > 0:
+                        chdir(cdup);
+
+        if not isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir):
+            if isValidGitDir(cmd.gitdir + "/.git"):
+                cmd.gitdir += "/.git"
+            else:
+                die("fatal: cannot locate git repository at %s" % cmd.gitdir)
+
+        os.environ["GIT_DIR"] = cmd.gitdir
+
+    if not cmd.run(args):
+        parser.print_help()
+        sys.exit(2)
+
+
+if __name__ == '__main__':
+    main()
diff --git a/git-parse-remote.sh b/git-parse-remote.sh
index b24119d..0e87e09 100644
--- a/git-parse-remote.sh
+++ b/git-parse-remote.sh
@@ -57,34 +57,31 @@
 	op_prep="$3"
 	example="$4"
 	branch_name=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
+	# If there's only one remote, use that in the suggestion
+	remote="<remote>"
+	if test $(git remote | wc -l) = 1
+	then
+		remote=$(git remote)
+	fi
+
 	if test -z "$branch_name"
 	then
-		echo "You are not currently on a branch, so I cannot use any
-'branch.<branchname>.merge' in your configuration file.
-Please specify which branch you want to $op_type $op_prep on the command
-line and try again (e.g. '$example').
-See git-${cmd}(1) for details."
+		echo "You are not currently on a branch. Please specify which
+branch you want to $op_type $op_prep. See git-${cmd}(1) for details.
+
+    $example
+"
 	else
-		echo "You asked me to $cmd without telling me which branch you
-want to $op_type $op_prep, and 'branch.${branch_name#refs/heads/}.merge' in
-your configuration file does not tell me, either. Please
-specify which branch you want to use on the command line and
-try again (e.g. '$example').
-See git-${cmd}(1) for details.
+		echo "There is no tracking information for the current branch.
+Please specify which branch you want to $op_type $op_prep.
+See git-${cmd}(1) for details
 
-If you often $op_type $op_prep the same branch, you may want to
-use something like the following in your configuration file:
-    [branch \"${branch_name#refs/heads/}\"]
-    remote = <nickname>
-    merge = <remote-ref>"
-		test rebase = "$op_type" &&
-		echo "    rebase = true"
-		echo "
-    [remote \"<nickname>\"]
-    url = <url>
-    fetch = <refspec>
+    $example
 
-See git-config(1) for details."
+If you wish to set tracking information for this branch you can do so with:
+
+    git branch --set-upstream-to=$remote/<branch> ${branch_name#refs/heads/}
+"
 	fi
 	exit 1
 }
diff --git a/git-pull.sh b/git-pull.sh
index 9868a0b..266e682 100755
--- a/git-pull.sh
+++ b/git-pull.sh
@@ -40,10 +40,14 @@
 
 strategy_args= diffstat= no_commit= squash= no_ff= ff_only=
 log_arg= verbosity= progress= recurse_submodules=
-merge_args=
+merge_args= edit=
 curr_branch=$(git symbolic-ref -q HEAD)
 curr_branch_short="${curr_branch#refs/heads/}"
 rebase=$(git config --bool branch.$curr_branch_short.rebase)
+if test -z "$rebase"
+then
+	rebase=$(git config --bool pull.rebase)
+fi
 dry_run=
 while :
 do
@@ -66,6 +70,10 @@
 		no_commit=--no-commit ;;
 	--c|--co|--com|--comm|--commi|--commit)
 		no_commit=--commit ;;
+	-e|--edit)
+		edit=--edit ;;
+	--no-edit)
+		edit=--no-edit ;;
 	--sq|--squ|--squa|--squas|--squash)
 		squash=--squash ;;
 	--no-sq|--no-squ|--no-squa|--no-squas|--no-squash)
@@ -172,7 +180,7 @@
 	elif [ -z "$curr_branch" -o -z "$upstream" ]; then
 		. git-parse-remote
 		error_on_missing_default_upstream "pull" $op_type $op_prep \
-			"git pull <repository> <refspec>"
+			"git pull <remote> <branch>"
 	else
 		echo "Your configuration specifies to $op_type $op_prep the ref '${upstream#refs/heads/}'"
 		echo "from the remote, but no such ref was fetched."
@@ -192,6 +200,7 @@
 		require_clean_work_tree "pull with rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
 	fi
 	oldremoteref= &&
+	test -n "$curr_branch" &&
 	. git-parse-remote &&
 	remoteref="$(get_remote_merge_branch "$@" 2>/dev/null)" &&
 	oldremoteref="$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$remoteref")" &&
@@ -274,7 +283,7 @@
 	eval="$eval --onto $merge_head ${oldremoteref:-$merge_head}"
 	;;
 *)
-	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
+	eval="git-merge $diffstat $no_commit $edit $squash $no_ff $ff_only"
 	eval="$eval  $log_arg $strategy_args $merge_args $verbosity $progress"
 	eval="$eval \"\$merge_name\" HEAD $merge_head"
 	;;
diff --git a/git-rebase--am.sh b/git-rebase--am.sh
index c815a24..97f31dc 100644
--- a/git-rebase--am.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--am.sh
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-. git-sh-setup
-
 case "$action" in
 continue)
 	git am --resolved --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" &&
@@ -20,11 +18,57 @@
 
 test -n "$rebase_root" && root_flag=--root
 
-git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream \
-	--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ \
-	--no-renames $root_flag "$revisions" |
-git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" &&
+ret=0
+if test -n "$keep_empty"
+then
+	# we have to do this the hard way.  git format-patch completely squashes
+	# empty commits and even if it didn't the format doesn't really lend
+	# itself well to recording empty patches.  fortunately, cherry-pick
+	# makes this easy
+	git cherry-pick --allow-empty "$revisions"
+	ret=$?
+else
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+
+	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index --ignore-if-in-upstream \
+		--src-prefix=a/ --dst-prefix=b/ \
+		--no-renames $root_flag "$revisions" >"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+	ret=$?
+
+	if test 0 != $ret
+	then
+		rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+		case "$head_name" in
+		refs/heads/*)
+			git checkout -q "$head_name"
+			;;
+		*)
+			git checkout -q "$orig_head"
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		cat >&2 <<-EOF
+
+		git encountered an error while preparing the patches to replay
+		these revisions:
+
+		    $revisions
+
+		As a result, git cannot rebase them.
+		EOF
+		exit $?
+	fi
+
+	git am $git_am_opt --rebasing --resolvemsg="$resolvemsg" <"$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+	ret=$?
+
+	rm -f "$GIT_DIR/rebased-patches"
+fi
+
+if test 0 != $ret
+then
+	test -d "$state_dir" && write_basic_state
+	exit $ret
+fi
+
 move_to_original_branch
-ret=$?
-test 0 != $ret -a -d "$state_dir" && write_basic_state
-exit $ret
diff --git a/git-rebase--interactive.sh b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
index 94f36c2..8ed7fcc 100644
--- a/git-rebase--interactive.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--interactive.sh
@@ -9,9 +9,7 @@
 #
 # The original idea comes from Eric W. Biederman, in
 # http://article.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/22407
-
-. git-sh-setup
-
+#
 # The file containing rebase commands, comments, and empty lines.
 # This file is created by "git rebase -i" then edited by the user.  As
 # the lines are processed, they are removed from the front of this
@@ -117,6 +115,23 @@
 	fi
 }
 
+append_todo_help () {
+	cat >> "$todo" << EOF
+#
+# Commands:
+#  p, pick = use commit
+#  r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
+#  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
+#  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
+#  f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
+#  x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
+#
+# These lines can be re-ordered; they are executed from top to bottom.
+#
+# If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
+EOF
+}
+
 make_patch () {
 	sha1_and_parents="$(git rev-list --parents -1 "$1")"
 	case "$sha1_and_parents" in
@@ -143,6 +158,21 @@
 	die "$2"
 }
 
+exit_with_patch () {
+	echo "$1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
+	make_patch $1
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$amend"
+	warn "You can amend the commit now, with"
+	warn
+	warn "	git commit --amend"
+	warn
+	warn "Once you are satisfied with your changes, run"
+	warn
+	warn "	git rebase --continue"
+	warn
+	exit $2
+}
+
 die_abort () {
 	rm -rf "$state_dir"
 	die "$1"
@@ -152,6 +182,19 @@
 	sane_grep '^[^#]' "$1" >/dev/null
 }
 
+is_empty_commit() {
+	tree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^{tree} 2>/dev/null ||
+		die "$1: not a commit that can be picked")
+	ptree=$(git rev-parse -q --verify "$1"^^{tree} 2>/dev/null ||
+		ptree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904)
+	test "$tree" = "$ptree"
+}
+
+is_merge_commit()
+{
+	git rev-parse --verify --quiet "$1"^2 >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
 # Run command with GIT_AUTHOR_NAME, GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL, and
 # GIT_AUTHOR_DATE exported from the current environment.
 do_with_author () {
@@ -161,14 +204,34 @@
 	)
 }
 
+git_sequence_editor () {
+	if test -z "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR"
+	then
+		GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="$(git config sequence.editor)"
+		if [ -z "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR" ]
+		then
+			GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR="$(git var GIT_EDITOR)" || return $?
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	eval "$GIT_SEQUENCE_EDITOR" '"$@"'
+}
+
 pick_one () {
 	ff=--ff
+
 	case "$1" in -n) sha1=$2; ff= ;; *) sha1=$1 ;; esac
 	case "$force_rebase" in '') ;; ?*) ff= ;; esac
 	output git rev-parse --verify $sha1 || die "Invalid commit name: $sha1"
+
+	if is_empty_commit "$sha1"
+	then
+		empty_args="--allow-empty"
+	fi
+
 	test -d "$rewritten" &&
 		pick_one_preserving_merges "$@" && return
-	output git cherry-pick $ff "$@"
+	output git cherry-pick $empty_args $ff "$@"
 }
 
 pick_one_preserving_merges () {
@@ -374,6 +437,29 @@
 	esac
 }
 
+do_pick () {
+	if test "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" = "$squash_onto"
+	then
+		# Set the correct commit message and author info on the
+		# sentinel root before cherry-picking the original changes
+		# without committing (-n).  Finally, update the sentinel again
+		# to include these changes.  If the cherry-pick results in a
+		# conflict, this means our behaviour is similar to a standard
+		# failed cherry-pick during rebase, with a dirty index to
+		# resolve before manually running git commit --amend then git
+		# rebase --continue.
+		git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message --amend \
+			   --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $1 &&
+			pick_one -n $1 &&
+			git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message \
+				   --amend --no-post-rewrite -n -q -C $1 ||
+			die_with_patch $1 "Could not apply $1... $2"
+	else
+		pick_one $1 ||
+			die_with_patch $1 "Could not apply $1... $2"
+	fi
+}
+
 do_next () {
 	rm -f "$msg" "$author_script" "$amend" || exit
 	read -r command sha1 rest < "$todo"
@@ -385,38 +471,30 @@
 		comment_for_reflog pick
 
 		mark_action_done
-		pick_one $sha1 ||
-			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
 		record_in_rewritten $sha1
 		;;
 	reword|r)
 		comment_for_reflog reword
 
 		mark_action_done
-		pick_one $sha1 ||
-			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
-		git commit --amend --no-post-rewrite
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
+		git commit --amend --no-post-rewrite || {
+			warn "Could not amend commit after successfully picking $sha1... $rest"
+			warn "This is most likely due to an empty commit message, or the pre-commit hook"
+			warn "failed. If the pre-commit hook failed, you may need to resolve the issue before"
+			warn "you are able to reword the commit."
+			exit_with_patch $sha1 1
+		}
 		record_in_rewritten $sha1
 		;;
 	edit|e)
 		comment_for_reflog edit
 
 		mark_action_done
-		pick_one $sha1 ||
-			die_with_patch $sha1 "Could not apply $sha1... $rest"
-		echo "$sha1" > "$state_dir"/stopped-sha
-		make_patch $sha1
-		git rev-parse --verify HEAD > "$amend"
+		do_pick $sha1 "$rest"
 		warn "Stopped at $sha1... $rest"
-		warn "You can amend the commit now, with"
-		warn
-		warn "	git commit --amend"
-		warn
-		warn "Once you are satisfied with your changes, run"
-		warn
-		warn "	git rebase --continue"
-		warn
-		exit 0
+		exit_with_patch $sha1 0
 		;;
 	squash|s|fixup|f)
 		case "$command" in
@@ -437,25 +515,28 @@
 		author_script_content=$(get_author_ident_from_commit HEAD)
 		echo "$author_script_content" > "$author_script"
 		eval "$author_script_content"
-		output git reset --soft HEAD^
-		pick_one -n $sha1 || die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+		if ! pick_one -n $sha1
+		then
+			git rev-parse --verify HEAD >"$amend"
+			die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
+		fi
 		case "$(peek_next_command)" in
 		squash|s|fixup|f)
 			# This is an intermediate commit; its message will only be
 			# used in case of trouble.  So use the long version:
-			do_with_author output git commit --no-verify -F "$squash_msg" ||
+			do_with_author output git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$squash_msg" ||
 				die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
 			;;
 		*)
 			# This is the final command of this squash/fixup group
 			if test -f "$fixup_msg"
 			then
-				do_with_author git commit --no-verify -F "$fixup_msg" ||
+				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$fixup_msg" ||
 					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
 			else
 				cp "$squash_msg" "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG || exit
 				rm -f "$GIT_DIR"/MERGE_MSG
-				do_with_author git commit --no-verify -e ||
+				do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$GIT_DIR"/SQUASH_MSG -e ||
 					die_failed_squash $sha1 "$rest"
 			fi
 			rm -f "$squash_msg" "$fixup_msg"
@@ -485,6 +566,10 @@
 			warn
 			warn "	git rebase --continue"
 			warn
+			if test $status -eq 127		# command not found
+			then
+				status=1
+			fi
 			exit "$status"
 		elif test "$dirty" = t
 		then
@@ -499,22 +584,22 @@
 		;;
 	*)
 		warn "Unknown command: $command $sha1 $rest"
+		fixtodo="Please fix this using 'git rebase --edit-todo'."
 		if git rev-parse --verify -q "$sha1" >/dev/null
 		then
-			die_with_patch $sha1 "Please fix this in the file $todo."
+			die_with_patch $sha1 "$fixtodo"
 		else
-			die "Please fix this in the file $todo."
+			die "$fixtodo"
 		fi
 		;;
 	esac
 	test -s "$todo" && return
 
 	comment_for_reflog finish &&
-	shortonto=$(git rev-parse --short $onto) &&
 	newhead=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	case $head_name in
 	refs/*)
-		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $head_name onto $shortonto" &&
+		message="$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: $head_name onto $onto" &&
 		git update-ref -m "$message" $head_name $newhead $orig_head &&
 		git symbolic-ref \
 		  -m "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION: returning to $head_name" \
@@ -646,10 +731,31 @@
 	rm -f "$1.sq" "$1.rearranged"
 }
 
+# Add commands after a pick or after a squash/fixup serie
+# in the todo list.
+add_exec_commands () {
+	{
+		first=t
+		while read -r insn rest
+		do
+			case $insn in
+			pick)
+				test -n "$first" ||
+				printf "%s" "$cmd"
+				;;
+			esac
+			printf "%s %s\n" "$insn" "$rest"
+			first=
+		done
+		printf "%s" "$cmd"
+	} <"$1" >"$1.new" &&
+	mv "$1.new" "$1"
+}
+
 case "$action" in
 continue)
 	# do we have anything to commit?
-	if git diff-index --cached --quiet --ignore-submodules HEAD --
+	if git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD --
 	then
 		: Nothing to commit -- skip this
 	else
@@ -671,7 +777,6 @@
 		fi
 		. "$author_script" ||
 			die "Error trying to find the author identity to amend commit"
-		current_head=
 		if test -f "$amend"
 		then
 			current_head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
@@ -679,13 +784,12 @@
 			die "\
 You have uncommitted changes in your working tree. Please, commit them
 first and then run 'git rebase --continue' again."
-			git reset --soft HEAD^ ||
-			die "Cannot rewind the HEAD"
+			do_with_author git commit --amend --no-verify -F "$msg" -e ||
+				die "Could not commit staged changes."
+		else
+			do_with_author git commit --no-verify -F "$msg" -e ||
+				die "Could not commit staged changes."
 		fi
-		do_with_author git commit --no-verify -F "$msg" -e || {
-			test -n "$current_head" && git reset --soft $current_head
-			die "Could not commit staged changes."
-		}
 	fi
 
 	record_in_rewritten "$(cat "$state_dir"/stopped-sha)"
@@ -698,6 +802,23 @@
 
 	do_rest
 	;;
+edit-todo)
+	sed -e '/^#/d' < "$todo" > "$todo".new
+	mv -f "$todo".new "$todo"
+	append_todo_help
+	cat >> "$todo" << EOF
+#
+# You are editing the todo file of an ongoing interactive rebase.
+# To continue rebase after editing, run:
+#     git rebase --continue
+#
+EOF
+
+	git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
+		die "Could not execute editor"
+
+	exit
+	;;
 esac
 
 git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >/dev/null ||
@@ -757,9 +878,17 @@
 	sed -n "s/^>//p" |
 while read -r shortsha1 rest
 do
+
+	if test -z "$keep_empty" && is_empty_commit $shortsha1 && ! is_merge_commit $shortsha1
+	then
+		comment_out="# "
+	else
+		comment_out=
+	fi
+
 	if test t != "$preserve_merges"
 	then
-		printf '%s\n' "pick $shortsha1 $rest" >> "$todo"
+		printf '%s\n' "${comment_out}pick $shortsha1 $rest" >>"$todo"
 	else
 		sha1=$(git rev-parse $shortsha1)
 		if test -z "$rebase_root"
@@ -778,7 +907,7 @@
 		if test f = "$preserve"
 		then
 			touch "$rewritten"/$sha1
-			printf '%s\n' "pick $shortsha1 $rest" >> "$todo"
+			printf '%s\n' "${comment_out}pick $shortsha1 $rest" >>"$todo"
 		fi
 	fi
 done
@@ -811,28 +940,30 @@
 
 test -s "$todo" || echo noop >> "$todo"
 test -n "$autosquash" && rearrange_squash "$todo"
+test -n "$cmd" && add_exec_commands "$todo"
+
 cat >> "$todo" << EOF
 
 # Rebase $shortrevisions onto $shortonto
+EOF
+append_todo_help
+cat >> "$todo" << EOF
 #
-# Commands:
-#  p, pick = use commit
-#  r, reword = use commit, but edit the commit message
-#  e, edit = use commit, but stop for amending
-#  s, squash = use commit, but meld into previous commit
-#  f, fixup = like "squash", but discard this commit's log message
-#  x, exec = run command (the rest of the line) using shell
-#
-# If you remove a line here THAT COMMIT WILL BE LOST.
 # However, if you remove everything, the rebase will be aborted.
 #
 EOF
 
+if test -z "$keep_empty"
+then
+	echo "# Note that empty commits are commented out" >>"$todo"
+fi
+
+
 has_action "$todo" ||
 	die_abort "Nothing to do"
 
 cp "$todo" "$todo".backup
-git_editor "$todo" ||
+git_sequence_editor "$todo" ||
 	die_abort "Could not execute editor"
 
 has_action "$todo" ||
diff --git a/git-rebase--merge.sh b/git-rebase--merge.sh
index 26afc75..b10f2cf 100644
--- a/git-rebase--merge.sh
+++ b/git-rebase--merge.sh
@@ -3,8 +3,6 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-. git-sh-setup
-
 prec=4
 
 read_state () {
@@ -90,10 +88,13 @@
 
 finish_rb_merge () {
 	move_to_original_branch
-	git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase < "$state_dir"/rewritten
-	if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite &&
-		test -s "$state_dir"/rewritten; then
-		"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite rebase < "$state_dir"/rewritten
+	if test -s "$state_dir"/rewritten
+	then
+		git notes copy --for-rewrite=rebase <"$state_dir"/rewritten
+		if test -x "$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite
+		then
+			"$GIT_DIR"/hooks/post-rewrite rebase <"$state_dir"/rewritten
+		fi
 	fi
 	rm -r "$state_dir"
 	say All done.
diff --git a/git-rebase.sh b/git-rebase.sh
index 00ca7b9..b2f1c76 100755
--- a/git-rebase.sh
+++ b/git-rebase.sh
@@ -3,36 +3,12 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano.
 #
 
-USAGE='[--interactive | -i] [-v] [--force-rebase | -f] [--no-ff] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>|--root] [<branch>] [--quiet | -q]'
-LONG_USAGE='git-rebase replaces <branch> with a new branch of the
-same name.  When the --onto option is provided the new branch starts
-out with a HEAD equal to <newbase>, otherwise it is equal to <upstream>
-It then attempts to create a new commit for each commit from the original
-<branch> that does not exist in the <upstream> branch.
-
-It is possible that a merge failure will prevent this process from being
-completely automatic.  You will have to resolve any such merge failure
-and run git rebase --continue.  Another option is to bypass the commit
-that caused the merge failure with git rebase --skip.  To check out the
-original <branch> and remove the .git/rebase-apply working files, use the
-command git rebase --abort instead.
-
-Note that if <branch> is not specified on the command line, the
-currently checked out branch is used.
-
-Example:       git-rebase master~1 topic
-
-	A---B---C topic                   A'\''--B'\''--C'\'' topic
-       /                   -->           /
-  D---E---F---G master          D---E---F---G master
-'
-
 SUBDIRECTORY_OK=Yes
 OPTIONS_KEEPDASHDASH=
 OPTIONS_SPEC="\
-git rebase [-i] [options] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>] [<branch>]
-git rebase [-i] [options] --onto <newbase> --root [<branch>]
-git-rebase [-i] --continue | --abort | --skip
+git rebase [-i] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] [<upstream>] [<branch>]
+git rebase [-i] [options] [--exec <cmd>] [--onto <newbase>] --root [<branch>]
+git-rebase --continue | --abort | --skip | --edit-todo
 --
  Available options are
 v,verbose!         display a diffstat of what changed upstream
@@ -43,6 +19,8 @@
 no-ff!             cherry-pick all commits, even if unchanged
 m,merge!           use merging strategies to rebase
 i,interactive!     let the user edit the list of commits to rebase
+x,exec=!           add exec lines after each commit of the editable list
+k,keep-empty	   preserve empty commits during rebase
 f,force-rebase!    force rebase even if branch is up to date
 X,strategy-option=! pass the argument through to the merge strategy
 stat!              display a diffstat of what changed upstream
@@ -60,8 +38,10 @@
 continue!          continue
 abort!             abort and check out the original branch
 skip!              skip current patch and continue
+edit-todo!         edit the todo list during an interactive rebase
 "
 . git-sh-setup
+. git-sh-i18n
 set_reflog_action rebase
 require_work_tree_exists
 cd_to_toplevel
@@ -70,11 +50,12 @@
 '
 ok_to_skip_pre_rebase=
 resolvemsg="
-When you have resolved this problem run \"git rebase --continue\".
-If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"git rebase --skip\".
-To check out the original branch and stop rebasing run \"git rebase --abort\".
+$(gettext 'When you have resolved this problem, run "git rebase --continue".
+If you prefer to skip this patch, run "git rebase --skip" instead.
+To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run "git rebase --abort".')
 "
 unset onto
+cmd=
 strategy=
 strategy_opts=
 do_merge=
@@ -97,6 +78,7 @@
 action=
 preserve_merges=
 autosquash=
+keep_empty=
 test "$(git config --bool rebase.autosquash)" = "true" && autosquash=t
 
 read_basic_state () {
@@ -156,7 +138,7 @@
 		git symbolic-ref \
 			-m "rebase finished: returning to $head_name" \
 			HEAD $head_name ||
-		die "Could not move back to $head_name"
+		die "$(gettext "Could not move back to $head_name")"
 		;;
 	esac
 }
@@ -165,6 +147,7 @@
 	if [ "$interactive_rebase" = implied ]; then
 		GIT_EDITOR=:
 		export GIT_EDITOR
+		autosquash=
 	fi
 	. git-rebase--$type
 }
@@ -174,12 +157,12 @@
 	   test -x "$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase"
 	then
 		"$GIT_DIR/hooks/pre-rebase" ${1+"$@"} ||
-		die "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+		die "$(gettext "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase.")"
 	fi
 }
 
 test -f "$apply_dir"/applying &&
-	die 'It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase.'
+	die "$(gettext "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase.")"
 
 if test -d "$apply_dir"
 then
@@ -208,7 +191,7 @@
 	--verify)
 		ok_to_skip_pre_rebase=
 		;;
-	--continue|--skip|--abort)
+	--continue|--skip|--abort|--edit-todo)
 		test $total_argc -eq 2 || usage
 		action=${1##--}
 		;;
@@ -217,9 +200,17 @@
 		onto="$2"
 		shift
 		;;
+	-x)
+		test 2 -le "$#" || usage
+		cmd="${cmd}exec $2${LF}"
+		shift
+		;;
 	-i)
 		interactive_rebase=explicit
 		;;
+	-k)
+		keep_empty=yes
+		;;
 	-p)
 		preserve_merges=t
 		test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
@@ -299,9 +290,15 @@
 done
 test $# -gt 2 && usage
 
+if test -n "$cmd" &&
+   test "$interactive_rebase" != explicit
+then
+	die "$(gettext "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option")"
+fi
+
 if test -n "$action"
 then
-	test -z "$in_progress" && die "No rebase in progress?"
+	test -z "$in_progress" && die "$(gettext "No rebase in progress?")"
 	# Only interactive rebase uses detailed reflog messages
 	if test "$type" = interactive && test "$GIT_REFLOG_ACTION" = rebase
 	then
@@ -310,15 +307,20 @@
 	fi
 fi
 
+if test "$action" = "edit-todo" && test "$type" != "interactive"
+then
+	die "$(gettext "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase.")"
+fi
+
 case "$action" in
 continue)
 	# Sanity check
 	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >/dev/null ||
-		die "Cannot read HEAD"
+		die "$(gettext "Cannot read HEAD")"
 	git update-index --ignore-submodules --refresh &&
 	git diff-files --quiet --ignore-submodules || {
-		echo "You must edit all merge conflicts and then"
-		echo "mark them as resolved using git add"
+		echo "$(gettext "You must edit all merge conflicts and then
+mark them as resolved using git add")"
 		exit 1
 	}
 	read_basic_state
@@ -335,27 +337,38 @@
 	case "$head_name" in
 	refs/*)
 		git symbolic-ref -m "rebase: aborting" HEAD $head_name ||
-		die "Could not move back to $head_name"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Could not move back to \$head_name")"
 		;;
 	esac
 	output git reset --hard $orig_head
 	rm -r "$state_dir"
 	exit
 	;;
+edit-todo)
+	run_specific_rebase
+	;;
 esac
 
 # Make sure no rebase is in progress
 if test -n "$in_progress"
 then
-	die '
-It seems that there is already a '"${state_dir##*/}"' directory, and
+	state_dir_base=${state_dir##*/}
+	cmd_live_rebase="git rebase (--continue | --abort | --skip)"
+	cmd_clear_stale_rebase="rm -fr \"$state_dir\""
+	die "
+$(eval_gettext 'It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and
 I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the
 case, please try
-	git rebase (--continue | --abort | --skip)
+	$cmd_live_rebase
 If that is not the case, please
-	rm -fr '"$state_dir"'
+	$cmd_clear_stale_rebase
 and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something
-valuable there.'
+valuable there.')"
+fi
+
+if test -n "$rebase_root" && test -z "$onto"
+then
+	test -z "$interactive_rebase" && interactive_rebase=implied
 fi
 
 if test -n "$interactive_rebase"
@@ -380,7 +393,7 @@
 		then
 			. git-parse-remote
 			error_on_missing_default_upstream "rebase" "rebase" \
-				"against" "git rebase <upstream branch>"
+				"against" "git rebase <branch>"
 		fi
 		;;
 	*)	upstream_name="$1"
@@ -388,12 +401,18 @@
 		;;
 	esac
 	upstream=`git rev-parse --verify "${upstream_name}^0"` ||
-	die "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+	die "$(eval_gettext "invalid upstream \$upstream_name")"
 	upstream_arg="$upstream_name"
 else
-	test -z "$onto" && die "You must specify --onto when using --root"
+	if test -z "$onto"
+	then
+		empty_tree=`git hash-object -t tree /dev/null`
+		onto=`git commit-tree $empty_tree </dev/null`
+		squash_onto="$onto"
+	fi
 	unset upstream_name
 	unset upstream
+	test $# -gt 1 && usage
 	upstream_arg=--root
 fi
 
@@ -406,19 +425,19 @@
 	then
 		case "$onto" in
 		?*"$LF"?*)
-			die "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "\$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases")"
 			;;
 		'')
-			die "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "\$onto_name: there is no merge base")"
 			;;
 		esac
 	else
-		die "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "\$onto_name: there is no merge base")"
 	fi
 	;;
 *)
 	onto=$(git rev-parse --verify "${onto_name}^0") ||
-	die "Does not point to a valid commit: $1"
+	die "$(eval_gettext "Does not point to a valid commit: \$onto_name")"
 	;;
 esac
 
@@ -441,10 +460,10 @@
 	then
 		head_name="detached HEAD"
 	else
-		die "fatal: no such branch: $1"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "fatal: no such branch: \$branch_name")"
 	fi
 	;;
-*)
+0)
 	# Do not need to switch branches, we are already on it.
 	if branch_name=`git symbolic-ref -q HEAD`
 	then
@@ -456,9 +475,12 @@
 	fi
 	orig_head=$(git rev-parse --verify "${branch_name}^0") || exit
 	;;
+*)
+	die "BUG: unexpected number of arguments left to parse"
+	;;
 esac
 
-require_clean_work_tree "rebase" "Please commit or stash them."
+require_clean_work_tree "rebase" "$(gettext "Please commit or stash them.")"
 
 # Now we are rebasing commits $upstream..$orig_head (or with --root,
 # everything leading up to $orig_head) on top of $onto
@@ -476,10 +498,10 @@
 	then
 		# Lazily switch to the target branch if needed...
 		test -z "$switch_to" || git checkout "$switch_to" --
-		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date.")"
 		exit 0
 	else
-		say "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+		say "$(eval_gettext "Current branch \$branch_name is up to date, rebase forced.")"
 	fi
 fi
 
@@ -490,7 +512,7 @@
 then
 	if test -n "$verbose"
 	then
-		echo "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+		echo "$(eval_gettext "Changes from \$mb to \$onto:")"
 	fi
 	# We want color (if set), but no pager
 	GIT_PAGER='' git diff --stat --summary "$mb" "$onto"
@@ -499,7 +521,7 @@
 test "$type" = interactive && run_specific_rebase
 
 # Detach HEAD and reset the tree
-say "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+say "$(gettext "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it...")"
 git checkout -q "$onto^0" || die "could not detach HEAD"
 git update-ref ORIG_HEAD $orig_head
 
@@ -507,7 +529,7 @@
 # we just fast-forwarded.
 if test "$mb" = "$orig_head"
 then
-	say "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+	say "$(eval_gettext "Fast-forwarded \$branch_name to \$onto_name.")"
 	move_to_original_branch
 	exit 0
 fi
diff --git a/git-relink.perl b/git-relink.perl
index e136732..f29285c 100755
--- a/git-relink.perl
+++ b/git-relink.perl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env perl
+#!/usr/bin/perl
 # Copyright 2005, Ryan Anderson <ryan@michonline.com>
 # Distribution permitted under the GPL v2, as distributed
 # by the Free Software Foundation.
diff --git a/git-remote-testgit b/git-remote-testgit
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b395c8d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/git-remote-testgit
@@ -0,0 +1,90 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env bash
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+
+alias=$1
+url=$2
+
+dir="$GIT_DIR/testgit/$alias"
+prefix="refs/testgit/$alias"
+
+default_refspec="refs/heads/*:${prefix}/heads/*"
+
+refspec="${GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC-$default_refspec}"
+
+test -z "$refspec" && prefix="refs"
+
+export GIT_DIR="$url/.git"
+
+mkdir -p "$dir"
+
+if test -z "$GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS"
+then
+	gitmarks="$dir/git.marks"
+	testgitmarks="$dir/testgit.marks"
+	test -e "$gitmarks" || >"$gitmarks"
+	test -e "$testgitmarks" || >"$testgitmarks"
+	testgitmarks_args=( "--"{import,export}"-marks=$testgitmarks" )
+fi
+
+while read line
+do
+	case $line in
+	capabilities)
+		echo 'import'
+		echo 'export'
+		test -n "$refspec" && echo "refspec $refspec"
+		if test -n "$gitmarks"
+		then
+			echo "*import-marks $gitmarks"
+			echo "*export-marks $gitmarks"
+		fi
+		echo
+		;;
+	list)
+		git for-each-ref --format='? %(refname)' 'refs/heads/'
+		head=$(git symbolic-ref HEAD)
+		echo "@$head HEAD"
+		echo
+		;;
+	import*)
+		# read all import lines
+		while true
+		do
+			ref="${line#* }"
+			refs="$refs $ref"
+			read line
+			test "${line%% *}" != "import" && break
+		done
+
+		if test -n "$gitmarks"
+		then
+			echo "feature import-marks=$gitmarks"
+			echo "feature export-marks=$gitmarks"
+		fi
+		echo "feature done"
+		git fast-export "${testgitmarks_args[@]}" $refs |
+		sed -e "s#refs/heads/#${prefix}/heads/#g"
+		echo "done"
+		;;
+	export)
+		before=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname) %(objectname)')
+
+		git fast-import "${testgitmarks_args[@]}" --quiet
+
+		after=$(git for-each-ref --format='%(refname) %(objectname)')
+
+		# figure out which refs were updated
+		join -e 0 -o '0 1.2 2.2' -a 2 <(echo "$before") <(echo "$after") |
+		while read ref a b
+		do
+			test $a == $b && continue
+			echo "ok $ref"
+		done
+
+		echo
+		;;
+	'')
+		exit
+		;;
+	esac
+done
diff --git a/git-remote-testgit.py b/git-remote-testpy.py
similarity index 74%
rename from git-remote-testgit.py
rename to git-remote-testpy.py
index 3dc4851..ca67899 100644
--- a/git-remote-testgit.py
+++ b/git-remote-testpy.py
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@
     _digest = sha.new
 import sys
 import os
+import time
 sys.path.insert(0, os.getenv("GITPYTHONLIB","."))
 
 from git_remote_helpers.util import die, debug, warn
@@ -30,6 +31,27 @@
 from git_remote_helpers.git.importer import GitImporter
 from git_remote_helpers.git.non_local import NonLocalGit
 
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02000000:
+    # string.encode() is the limiter
+    sys.stderr.write("git-remote-testgit: requires Python 2.0 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
+
+
+def encode_filepath(path):
+    """Encodes a Unicode file path to a byte string.
+
+    On Python 2 this is a no-op; on Python 3 we encode the string as
+    suggested by [1] which allows an exact round-trip from the command line
+    to the filesystem.
+
+    [1] http://docs.python.org/3/c-api/unicode.html#file-system-encoding
+
+    """
+    if sys.hexversion < 0x03000000:
+        return path
+    return path.encode(sys.getfilesystemencoding(), 'surrogateescape')
+
+
 def get_repo(alias, url):
     """Returns a git repository object initialized for usage.
     """
@@ -39,7 +61,7 @@
     repo.get_head()
 
     hasher = _digest()
-    hasher.update(repo.path)
+    hasher.update(encode_filepath(repo.path))
     repo.hash = hasher.hexdigest()
 
     repo.get_base_path = lambda base: os.path.join(
@@ -81,22 +103,22 @@
     """Prints the supported capabilities.
     """
 
-    print "import"
-    print "export"
-    print "refspec refs/heads/*:%s*" % repo.prefix
+    print("import")
+    print("export")
+    print("refspec refs/heads/*:%s*" % repo.prefix)
 
     dirname = repo.get_base_path(repo.gitdir)
 
     if not os.path.exists(dirname):
         os.makedirs(dirname)
 
-    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'testgit.marks')
+    path = os.path.join(dirname, 'git.marks')
 
-    print "*export-marks %s" % path
+    print("*export-marks %s" % path)
     if os.path.exists(path):
-        print "*import-marks %s" % path
+        print("*import-marks %s" % path)
 
-    print # end capabilities
+    print('') # end capabilities
 
 
 def do_list(repo, args):
@@ -109,16 +131,16 @@
 
     for ref in repo.revs:
         debug("? refs/heads/%s", ref)
-        print "? refs/heads/%s" % ref
+        print("? refs/heads/%s" % ref)
 
     if repo.head:
         debug("@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head)
-        print "@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head
+        print("@refs/heads/%s HEAD" % repo.head)
     else:
         debug("@refs/heads/master HEAD")
-        print "@refs/heads/master HEAD"
+        print("@refs/heads/master HEAD")
 
-    print # end list
+    print('') # end list
 
 
 def update_local_repo(repo):
@@ -148,7 +170,7 @@
     refs = [ref]
 
     while True:
-        line = sys.stdin.readline()
+        line = sys.stdin.readline().decode()
         if line == '\n':
             break
         if not line.startswith('import '):
@@ -158,10 +180,15 @@
         ref = line[7:].strip()
         refs.append(ref)
 
+    print("feature done")
+
+    if os.environ.get("GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"):
+        die('Told to fail')
+
     repo = update_local_repo(repo)
     repo.exporter.export_repo(repo.gitdir, refs)
 
-    print "done"
+    print("done")
 
 
 def do_export(repo, args):
@@ -171,6 +198,9 @@
     if not repo.gitdir:
         die("Need gitdir to export")
 
+    if os.environ.get("GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE"):
+        die('Told to fail')
+
     update_local_repo(repo)
     changed = repo.importer.do_import(repo.gitdir)
 
@@ -178,8 +208,8 @@
         repo.non_local.push(repo.gitdir)
 
     for ref in changed:
-        print "ok %s" % ref
-    print
+        print("ok %s" % ref)
+    print('')
 
 
 COMMANDS = {
@@ -204,9 +234,14 @@
     """Reads and processes one command.
     """
 
+    sleepy = os.environ.get("GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY")
+    if sleepy:
+        debug("Sleeping %d sec before readline" % int(sleepy))
+        time.sleep(int(sleepy))
+
     line = sys.stdin.readline()
 
-    cmdline = line
+    cmdline = line.decode()
 
     if not cmdline:
         warn("Unexpected EOF")
@@ -258,6 +293,11 @@
 
     more = True
 
+    # Use binary mode since Python 3 does not permit unbuffered I/O in text
+    # mode.  Unbuffered I/O is required to avoid data that should be going
+    # to git-fast-import after an "export" command getting caught in our
+    # stdin buffer instead.
+    sys.stdin = os.fdopen(sys.stdin.fileno(), 'rb', 0)
     while (more):
         more = read_one_line(repo)
 
diff --git a/git-repack.sh b/git-repack.sh
index 624feec..7579331 100755
--- a/git-repack.sh
+++ b/git-repack.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@
 n               do not run git-update-server-info
 q,quiet         be quiet
 l               pass --local to git-pack-objects
+unpack-unreachable=  with -A, do not loosen objects older than this
  Packing constraints
 window=         size of the window used for delta compression
 window-memory=  same as the above, but limit memory size instead of entries count
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@
 	-a)	all_into_one=t ;;
 	-A)	all_into_one=t
 		unpack_unreachable=--unpack-unreachable ;;
+	--unpack-unreachable)
+		unpack_unreachable="--unpack-unreachable=$2"; shift ;;
 	-d)	remove_redundant=t ;;
 	-q)	GIT_QUIET=t ;;
 	-f)	no_reuse=--no-reuse-delta ;;
@@ -76,7 +79,12 @@
 		if test -n "$existing" -a -n "$unpack_unreachable" -a \
 			-n "$remove_redundant"
 		then
-			args="$args $unpack_unreachable"
+			# This may have arbitrary user arguments, so we
+			# have to protect it against whitespace splitting
+			# when it gets run as "pack-objects $args" later.
+			# Fortunately, we know it's an approxidate, so we
+			# can just use dots instead.
+			args="$args $(echo "$unpack_unreachable" | tr ' ' .)"
 		fi
 	fi
 	;;
diff --git a/git-request-pull.sh b/git-request-pull.sh
index fc080cc..d566015 100755
--- a/git-request-pull.sh
+++ b/git-request-pull.sh
@@ -35,44 +35,118 @@
 	shift
 done
 
-base=$1
-url=$2
-head=${3-HEAD}
+base=$1 url=$2 head=${3-HEAD} status=0 branch_name=
 
-[ "$base" ] || usage
-[ "$url" ] || usage
+headref=$(git symbolic-ref -q "$head")
+if git show-ref -q --verify "$headref"
+then
+	branch_name=${headref#refs/heads/}
+	if test "z$branch_name" = "z$headref" ||
+		! git config "branch.$branch_name.description" >/dev/null
+	then
+		branch_name=
+	fi
+fi
 
-baserev=`git rev-parse --verify "$base"^0` &&
-headrev=`git rev-parse --verify "$head"^0` || exit
+tag_name=$(git describe --exact "$head^0" 2>/dev/null)
 
-merge_base=`git merge-base $baserev $headrev` ||
+test -n "$base" && test -n "$url" || usage
+baserev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$base"^0) &&
+headrev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$head"^0) || exit
+
+merge_base=$(git merge-base $baserev $headrev) ||
 die "fatal: No commits in common between $base and $head"
 
-branch=$(git ls-remote "$url" \
-	| sed -n -e "/^$headrev	refs.heads./{
-		s/^.*	refs.heads.//
-		p
-		q
-	}")
+# $head is the token given from the command line, and $tag_name, if
+# exists, is the tag we are going to show the commit information for.
+# If that tag exists at the remote and it points at the commit, use it.
+# Otherwise, if a branch with the same name as $head exists at the remote
+# and their values match, use that instead.
+#
+# Otherwise find a random ref that matches $headrev.
+find_matching_ref='
+	sub abbr {
+		my $ref = shift;
+		if ($ref =~ s|^refs/heads/|| || $ref =~ s|^refs/tags/|tags/|) {
+			return $ref;
+		} else {
+			return $ref;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my ($tagged, $branch, $found);
+	while (<STDIN>) {
+		my ($sha1, $ref, $deref) = /^(\S+)\s+(\S+?)(\^\{\})?$/;
+		next unless ($sha1 eq $ARGV[1]);
+		$found = abbr($ref);
+		if ($deref && $ref eq "tags/$ARGV[2]") {
+			$tagged = $found;
+			last;
+		}
+		if ($ref =~ m|/\Q$ARGV[0]\E$|) {
+			$exact = $found;
+		}
+	}
+	if ($tagged) {
+		print "$tagged\n";
+	} elsif ($exact) {
+		print "$exact\n";
+	} elsif ($found) {
+		print "$found\n";
+	}
+'
+
+ref=$(git ls-remote "$url" | perl -e "$find_matching_ref" "$head" "$headrev" "$tag_name")
+
 url=$(git ls-remote --get-url "$url")
-if [ -z "$branch" ]; then
-	echo "warn: No branch of $url is at:" >&2
-	git log --max-count=1 --pretty='tformat:warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
-	echo "warn: Are you sure you pushed $head there?" >&2
-	echo >&2
-	echo >&2
-	branch=..BRANCH.NOT.VERIFIED..
-	status=1
-fi
 
 git show -s --format='The following changes since commit %H:
 
   %s (%ci)
 
-are available in the git repository at:' $baserev &&
-echo "  $url $branch" &&
-echo &&
+are available in the git repository at:
+' $merge_base &&
+echo "  $url${ref+ $ref}" &&
+git show -s --format='
+for you to fetch changes up to %H:
+
+  %s (%ci)
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------' $headrev &&
+
+if test -n "$branch_name"
+then
+	echo "(from the branch description for $branch_name local branch)"
+	echo
+	git config "branch.$branch_name.description"
+fi &&
+
+if test -n "$tag_name"
+then
+	if test -z "$ref" || test "$ref" != "tags/$tag_name"
+	then
+		echo >&2 "warn: You locally have $tag_name but it does not (yet)"
+		echo >&2 "warn: appear to be at $url"
+		echo >&2 "warn: Do you want to push it there, perhaps?"
+	fi
+	git cat-file tag "$tag_name" |
+	sed -n -e '1,/^$/d' -e '/^-----BEGIN PGP /q' -e p
+	echo
+fi &&
+
+if test -n "$branch_name" || test -n "$tag_name"
+then
+	echo "----------------------------------------------------------------"
+fi &&
 
 git shortlog ^$baserev $headrev &&
-git diff -M --stat --summary $patch $merge_base..$headrev || exit
+git diff -M --stat --summary $patch $merge_base..$headrev || status=1
+
+if test -z "$ref"
+then
+	echo "warn: No branch of $url is at:" >&2
+	git show -s --format='warn:   %h: %s' $headrev >&2
+	echo "warn: Are you sure you pushed '$head' there?" >&2
+	status=1
+fi
 exit $status
diff --git a/git-send-email.perl b/git-send-email.perl
index d491db9..be809e5 100755
--- a/git-send-email.perl
+++ b/git-send-email.perl
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
     --in-reply-to           <str>  * Email "In-Reply-To:"
     --annotate                     * Review each patch that will be sent in an editor.
     --compose                      * Open an editor for introduction.
+    --compose-encoding      <str>  * Encoding to assume for introduction.
     --8bit-encoding         <str>  * Encoding to assume 8bit mails if undeclared
 
   Sending:
@@ -198,6 +199,7 @@
 my ($validate, $confirm);
 my (@suppress_cc);
 my ($auto_8bit_encoding);
+my ($compose_encoding);
 
 my ($debug_net_smtp) = 0;		# Net::SMTP, see send_message()
 
@@ -210,6 +212,7 @@
     "signedoffbycc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],
     "signedoffcc" => [\$signed_off_by_cc, undef],      # Deprecated
     "validate" => [\$validate, 1],
+    "multiedit" => [\$multiedit, undef]
 );
 
 my %config_settings = (
@@ -227,10 +230,10 @@
     "bcc" => \@bcclist,
     "suppresscc" => \@suppress_cc,
     "envelopesender" => \$envelope_sender,
-    "multiedit" => \$multiedit,
     "confirm"   => \$confirm,
     "from" => \$sender,
     "assume8bitencoding" => \$auto_8bit_encoding,
+    "composeencoding" => \$compose_encoding,
 );
 
 my %config_path_settings = (
@@ -315,6 +318,7 @@
 		    "validate!" => \$validate,
 		    "format-patch!" => \$format_patch,
 		    "8bit-encoding=s" => \$auto_8bit_encoding,
+		    "compose-encoding=s" => \$compose_encoding,
 		    "force" => \$force,
 	 );
 
@@ -632,6 +636,9 @@
 	my $need_8bit_cte = file_has_nonascii($compose_filename);
 	my $in_body = 0;
 	my $summary_empty = 1;
+	if (!defined $compose_encoding) {
+		$compose_encoding = "UTF-8";
+	}
 	while(<$c>) {
 		next if m/^GIT:/;
 		if ($in_body) {
@@ -641,7 +648,7 @@
 			if ($need_8bit_cte) {
 				print $c2 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n",
 					 "Content-Type: text/plain; ",
-					   "charset=UTF-8\n",
+					   "charset=$compose_encoding\n",
 					 "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n";
 			}
 		} elsif (/^MIME-Version:/i) {
@@ -650,9 +657,7 @@
 			$initial_subject = $1;
 			my $subject = $initial_subject;
 			$_ = "Subject: " .
-				($subject =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/ ?
-				 quote_rfc2047($subject) :
-				 $subject) .
+				quote_subject($subject, $compose_encoding) .
 				"\n";
 		} elsif (/^In-Reply-To:\s*(.+)\s*$/i) {
 			$initial_reply_to = $1;
@@ -681,6 +686,7 @@
 	my ($prompt, %arg) = @_;
 	my $valid_re = $arg{valid_re};
 	my $default = $arg{default};
+	my $confirm_only = $arg{confirm_only};
 	my $resp;
 	my $i = 0;
 	return defined $default ? $default : undef
@@ -698,6 +704,12 @@
 		if (!defined $valid_re or $resp =~ /$valid_re/) {
 			return $resp;
 		}
+		if ($confirm_only) {
+			my $yesno = $term->readline("Are you sure you want to use <$resp> [y/N]? ");
+			if (defined $yesno && $yesno =~ /y/i) {
+				return $resp;
+			}
+		}
 	}
 	return undef;
 }
@@ -741,17 +753,15 @@
 	}
 }
 
-my $prompting = 0;
 if (!defined $sender) {
 	$sender = $repoauthor || $repocommitter || '';
-	$sender = ask("Who should the emails appear to be from? [$sender] ",
-	              default => $sender);
-	print "Emails will be sent from: ", $sender, "\n";
-	$prompting++;
 }
 
+my $prompting = 0;
 if (!@initial_to && !defined $to_cmd) {
-	my $to = ask("Who should the emails be sent to? ");
+	my $to = ask("Who should the emails be sent to (if any)? ",
+		     default => "",
+		     valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 	push @initial_to, parse_address_line($to) if defined $to; # sanitized/validated later
 	$prompting++;
 }
@@ -771,13 +781,17 @@
 }
 
 @initial_to = expand_aliases(@initial_to);
-@initial_to = (map { sanitize_address($_) } @initial_to);
+@initial_to = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@initial_to));
 @initial_cc = expand_aliases(@initial_cc);
+@initial_cc = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@initial_cc));
 @bcclist = expand_aliases(@bcclist);
+@bcclist = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@bcclist));
 
 if ($thread && !defined $initial_reply_to && $prompting) {
 	$initial_reply_to = ask(
-		"Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email? ");
+		"Message-ID to be used as In-Reply-To for the first email (if any)? ",
+		default => "",
+		valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
 }
 if (defined $initial_reply_to) {
 	$initial_reply_to =~ s/^\s*<?//;
@@ -814,12 +828,45 @@
 	$address =~ s/^\s*<(.*)>\s*$/$1/;
 	if ($have_email_valid) {
 		return scalar Email::Valid->address($address);
-	} else {
-		# less robust/correct than the monster regexp in Email::Valid,
-		# but still does a 99% job, and one less dependency
-		$address =~ /($local_part_regexp\@$domain_regexp)/;
-		return $1;
 	}
+
+	# less robust/correct than the monster regexp in Email::Valid,
+	# but still does a 99% job, and one less dependency
+	return $1 if $address =~ /($local_part_regexp\@$domain_regexp)/;
+	return undef;
+}
+
+sub extract_valid_address_or_die {
+	my $address = shift;
+	$address = extract_valid_address($address);
+	die "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n"
+		if !$address;
+	return $address;
+}
+
+sub validate_address {
+	my $address = shift;
+	while (!extract_valid_address($address)) {
+		print STDERR "error: unable to extract a valid address from: $address\n";
+		$_ = ask("What to do with this address? ([q]uit|[d]rop|[e]dit): ",
+			valid_re => qr/^(?:quit|q|drop|d|edit|e)/i,
+			default => 'q');
+		if (/^d/i) {
+			return undef;
+		} elsif (/^q/i) {
+			cleanup_compose_files();
+			exit(0);
+		}
+		$address = ask("Who should the email be sent to (if any)? ",
+			default => "",
+			valid_re => qr/\@.*\./, confirm_only => 1);
+	}
+	return $address;
+}
+
+sub validate_address_list {
+	return (grep { defined $_ }
+		map { validate_address($_) } @_);
 }
 
 # Usually don't need to change anything below here.
@@ -862,11 +909,13 @@
 sub unquote_rfc2047 {
 	local ($_) = @_;
 	my $encoding;
-	if (s/=\?([^?]+)\?q\?(.*)\?=/$2/g) {
+	s{=\?([^?]+)\?q\?(.*?)\?=}{
 		$encoding = $1;
-		s/_/ /g;
-		s/=([0-9A-F]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
-	}
+		my $e = $2;
+		$e =~ s/_/ /g;
+		$e =~ s/=([0-9A-F]{2})/chr(hex($1))/eg;
+		$e;
+	}eg;
 	return wantarray ? ($_, $encoding) : $_;
 }
 
@@ -886,9 +935,29 @@
 	$s =~ m/^(?:"[[:ascii:]]*"|=\?$token\?$token\?$encoded_text\?=)$/o;
 }
 
+sub subject_needs_rfc2047_quoting {
+	my $s = shift;
+
+	return ($s =~ /[^[:ascii:]]/) || ($s =~ /=\?/);
+}
+
+sub quote_subject {
+	local $subject = shift;
+	my $encoding = shift || 'UTF-8';
+
+	if (subject_needs_rfc2047_quoting($subject)) {
+		return quote_rfc2047($subject, $encoding);
+	}
+	return $subject;
+}
+
 # use the simplest quoting being able to handle the recipient
 sub sanitize_address {
 	my ($recipient) = @_;
+
+	# remove garbage after email address
+	$recipient =~ s/(.*>).*$/$1/;
+
 	my ($recipient_name, $recipient_addr) = ($recipient =~ /^(.*?)\s*(<.*)/);
 
 	if (not $recipient_name) {
@@ -916,6 +985,10 @@
 
 }
 
+sub sanitize_address_list {
+	return (map { sanitize_address($_) } @_);
+}
+
 # Returns the local Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN) if available.
 #
 # Tightly configured MTAa require that a caller sends a real DNS
@@ -978,14 +1051,13 @@
 
 sub send_message {
 	my @recipients = unique_email_list(@to);
-	@cc = (grep { my $cc = extract_valid_address($_);
+	@cc = (grep { my $cc = extract_valid_address_or_die($_);
 		      not grep { $cc eq $_ || $_ =~ /<\Q${cc}\E>$/ } @recipients
 		    }
-	       map { sanitize_address($_) }
 	       @cc);
 	my $to = join (",\n\t", @recipients);
 	@recipients = unique_email_list(@recipients,@cc,@bcclist);
-	@recipients = (map { extract_valid_address($_) } @recipients);
+	@recipients = (map { extract_valid_address_or_die($_) } @recipients);
 	my $date = format_2822_time($time++);
 	my $gitversion = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 	if ($gitversion =~ m/..GIT_VERSION../) {
@@ -1213,10 +1285,10 @@
 		}
 
 		if (defined $input_format && $input_format eq 'mbox') {
-			if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/) {
+			if (/^Subject:\s+(.*)$/i) {
 				$subject = $1;
 			}
-			elsif (/^From:\s+(.*)$/) {
+			elsif (/^From:\s+(.*)$/i) {
 				($author, $author_encoding) = unquote_rfc2047($1);
 				next if $suppress_cc{'author'};
 				next if $suppress_cc{'self'} and $author eq $sender;
@@ -1224,14 +1296,14 @@
 					$1, $_) unless $quiet;
 				push @cc, $1;
 			}
-			elsif (/^To:\s+(.*)$/) {
+			elsif (/^To:\s+(.*)$/i) {
 				foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
 					printf("(mbox) Adding to: %s from line '%s'\n",
 						$addr, $_) unless $quiet;
-					push @to, sanitize_address($addr);
+					push @to, $addr;
 				}
 			}
-			elsif (/^Cc:\s+(.*)$/) {
+			elsif (/^Cc:\s+(.*)$/i) {
 				foreach my $addr (parse_address_line($1)) {
 					if (unquote_rfc2047($addr) eq $sender) {
 						next if ($suppress_cc{'self'});
@@ -1253,7 +1325,7 @@
 			elsif (/^Message-Id: (.*)/i) {
 				$message_id = $1;
 			}
-			elsif (!/^Date:\s/ && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
+			elsif (!/^Date:\s/i && /^[-A-Za-z]+:\s+\S/) {
 				push @xh, $_;
 			}
 
@@ -1307,7 +1379,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if ($broken_encoding{$t} && !is_rfc2047_quoted($subject)) {
-		$subject = quote_rfc2047($subject, $auto_8bit_encoding);
+		$subject = quote_subject($subject, $auto_8bit_encoding);
 	}
 
 	if (defined $author and $author ne $sender) {
@@ -1337,6 +1409,9 @@
 		($confirm =~ /^(?:auto|compose)$/ && $compose && $message_num == 1));
 	$needs_confirm = "inform" if ($needs_confirm && $confirm_unconfigured && @cc);
 
+	@to = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@to));
+	@cc = validate_address_list(sanitize_address_list(@cc));
+
 	@to = (@initial_to, @to);
 	@cc = (@initial_cc, @cc);
 
@@ -1392,14 +1467,10 @@
 	my @emails;
 
 	foreach my $entry (@_) {
-		if (my $clean = extract_valid_address($entry)) {
-			$seen{$clean} ||= 0;
-			next if $seen{$clean}++;
-			push @emails, $entry;
-		} else {
-			print STDERR "W: unable to extract a valid address",
-					" from: $entry\n";
-		}
+		my $clean = extract_valid_address_or_die($entry);
+		$seen{$clean} ||= 0;
+		next if $seen{$clean}++;
+		push @emails, $entry;
 	}
 	return @emails;
 }
diff --git a/git-sh-i18n.sh b/git-sh-i18n.sh
index e672366..6a27f68 100644
--- a/git-sh-i18n.sh
+++ b/git-sh-i18n.sh
@@ -2,17 +2,73 @@
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
 #
-# This is a skeleton no-op implementation of gettext for Git. It'll be
-# replaced by something that uses gettext.sh in a future patch series.
+# This is Git's interface to gettext.sh. See po/README for usage
+# instructions.
 
-if test -z "$GIT_GETTEXT_POISON"
+# Export the TEXTDOMAIN* data that we need for Git
+TEXTDOMAIN=git
+export TEXTDOMAIN
+if test -z "$GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR"
 then
+	TEXTDOMAINDIR="@@LOCALEDIR@@"
+else
+	TEXTDOMAINDIR="$GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR"
+fi
+export TEXTDOMAINDIR
+
+# First decide what scheme to use...
+GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=fallthrough
+if test -n "@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@"
+then
+	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME="@@USE_GETTEXT_SCHEME@@"
+elif test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS"
+then
+	: no probing necessary
+elif test -n "$GIT_GETTEXT_POISON"
+then
+	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=poison
+elif type gettext.sh >/dev/null 2>&1
+then
+	# GNU libintl's gettext.sh
+	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=gnu
+elif test "$(gettext -h 2>&1)" = "-h"
+then
+	# gettext binary exists but no gettext.sh. likely to be a gettext
+	# binary on a Solaris or something that is not GNU libintl and
+	# lack eval_gettext.
+	GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME=gettext_without_eval_gettext
+fi
+export GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME
+
+# ... and then follow that decision.
+case "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" in
+gnu)
+	# Use libintl's gettext.sh, or fall back to English if we can't.
+	. gettext.sh
+	;;
+gettext_without_eval_gettext)
+	# Solaris has a gettext(1) but no eval_gettext(1)
+	eval_gettext () {
+		gettext "$1" | (
+			export PATH $(git sh-i18n--envsubst --variables "$1");
+			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$1"
+		)
+	}
+	;;
+poison)
+	# Emit garbage so that tests that incorrectly rely on translatable
+	# strings will fail.
 	gettext () {
-		printf "%s" "$1"
+		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
 	}
 
-	gettextln() {
-		printf "%s\n" "$1"
+	eval_gettext () {
+		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
+	}
+	;;
+*)
+	gettext () {
+		printf "%s" "$1"
 	}
 
 	eval_gettext () {
@@ -21,28 +77,16 @@
 			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$1"
 		)
 	}
+	;;
+esac
 
-	eval_gettextln () {
-		printf "%s\n" "$1" | (
-			export PATH $(git sh-i18n--envsubst --variables "$1");
-			git sh-i18n--envsubst "$1"
-		)
-	}
-else
-	gettext () {
-		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
-	}
+# Git-specific wrapper functions
+gettextln () {
+	gettext "$1"
+	echo
+}
 
-	gettextln () {
-		printf "%s\n" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
-	}
-
-	eval_gettext () {
-		printf "%s" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
-	}
-
-	eval_gettextln () {
-		printf "%s\n" "# GETTEXT POISON #"
-	}
-fi
-
+eval_gettextln () {
+	eval_gettext "$1"
+	echo
+}
diff --git a/git-sh-setup.sh b/git-sh-setup.sh
index 1fba6c2..795edd2 100644
--- a/git-sh-setup.sh
+++ b/git-sh-setup.sh
@@ -9,8 +9,15 @@
 # you would cause "cd" to be taken to unexpected places.  If you
 # like CDPATH, define it for your interactive shell sessions without
 # exporting it.
+# But we protect ourselves from such a user mistake nevertheless.
 unset CDPATH
 
+# Similarly for IFS, but some shells (e.g. FreeBSD 7.2) are buggy and
+# do not equate an unset IFS with IFS with the default, so here is
+# an explicit SP HT LF.
+IFS=' 	
+'
+
 git_broken_path_fix () {
 	case ":$PATH:" in
 	*:$1:*) : ok ;;
@@ -187,28 +194,52 @@
 	fi
 }
 
+# Generate a sed script to parse identities from a commit.
+#
+# Reads the commit from stdin, which should be in raw format (e.g., from
+# cat-file or "--pretty=raw").
+#
+# The first argument specifies the ident line to parse (e.g., "author"), and
+# the second specifies the environment variable to put it in (e.g., "AUTHOR"
+# for "GIT_AUTHOR_*"). Multiple pairs can be given to parse author and
+# committer.
+pick_ident_script () {
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		lid=$1; shift
+		uid=$1; shift
+		printf '%s' "
+		/^$lid /{
+			s/'/'\\\\''/g
+			h
+			s/^$lid "'\([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/'"
+			s/.*/GIT_${uid}_NAME='&'/p
+
+			g
+			s/^$lid "'[^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/'"
+			s/.*/GIT_${uid}_EMAIL='&'/p
+
+			g
+			s/^$lid "'[^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/@\1/'"
+			s/.*/GIT_${uid}_DATE='&'/p
+		}
+		"
+	done
+	echo '/^$/q'
+}
+
+# Create a pick-script as above and feed it to sed. Stdout is suitable for
+# feeding to eval.
+parse_ident_from_commit () {
+	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$(pick_ident_script "$@")"
+}
+
+# Parse the author from a commit given as an argument. Stdout is suitable for
+# feeding to eval to set the usual GIT_* ident variables.
 get_author_ident_from_commit () {
-	pick_author_script='
-	/^author /{
-		s/'\''/'\''\\'\'\''/g
-		h
-		s/^author \([^<]*\) <[^>]*> .*$/\1/
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <\([^>]*\)> .*$/\1/
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='\''&'\''/p
-
-		g
-		s/^author [^<]* <[^>]*> \(.*\)$/\1/
-		s/.*/GIT_AUTHOR_DATE='\''&'\''/p
-
-		q
-	}
-	'
 	encoding=$(git config i18n.commitencoding || echo UTF-8)
 	git show -s --pretty=raw --encoding="$encoding" "$1" -- |
-	LANG=C LC_ALL=C sed -ne "$pick_author_script"
+	parse_ident_from_commit author AUTHOR
 }
 
 # Clear repo-local GIT_* environment variables. Useful when switching to
@@ -218,6 +249,39 @@
 	unset $(git rev-parse --local-env-vars)
 }
 
+
+# Platform specific tweaks to work around some commands
+case $(uname -s) in
+*MINGW*)
+	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
+	sort () {
+		/usr/bin/sort "$@"
+	}
+	find () {
+		/usr/bin/find "$@"
+	}
+	# git sees Windows-style pwd
+	pwd () {
+		builtin pwd -W
+	}
+	is_absolute_path () {
+		case "$1" in
+		[/\\]* | [A-Za-z]:*)
+			return 0 ;;
+		esac
+		return 1
+	}
+	;;
+*)
+	is_absolute_path () {
+		case "$1" in
+		/*)
+			return 0 ;;
+		esac
+		return 1
+	}
+esac
+
 # Make sure we are in a valid repository of a vintage we understand,
 # if we require to be in a git repository.
 if test -z "$NONGIT_OK"
@@ -237,31 +301,3 @@
 	}
 	: ${GIT_OBJECT_DIRECTORY="$GIT_DIR/objects"}
 fi
-
-# Fix some commands on Windows
-case $(uname -s) in
-*MINGW*)
-	# Windows has its own (incompatible) sort and find
-	sort () {
-		/usr/bin/sort "$@"
-	}
-	find () {
-		/usr/bin/find "$@"
-	}
-	is_absolute_path () {
-		case "$1" in
-		[/\\]* | [A-Za-z]:*)
-			return 0 ;;
-		esac
-		return 1
-	}
-	;;
-*)
-	is_absolute_path () {
-		case "$1" in
-		/*)
-			return 0 ;;
-		esac
-		return 1
-	}
-esac
diff --git a/git-stash.sh b/git-stash.sh
index c766692..bbefdf6 100755
--- a/git-stash.sh
+++ b/git-stash.sh
@@ -115,7 +115,8 @@
 			git read-tree --index-output="$TMPindex" -m $i_tree &&
 			GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMPindex" &&
 			export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
-			git diff --name-only -z HEAD | git update-index -z --add --remove --stdin &&
+			git diff --name-only -z HEAD -- >"$TMP-stagenames" &&
+			git update-index -z --add --remove --stdin <"$TMP-stagenames" &&
 			git write-tree &&
 			rm -f "$TMPindex"
 		) ) ||
@@ -134,7 +135,7 @@
 		w_tree=$(GIT_INDEX_FILE="$TMP-index" git write-tree) ||
 		die "$(gettext "Cannot save the current worktree state")"
 
-		git diff-tree -p HEAD $w_tree > "$TMP-patch" &&
+		git diff-tree -p HEAD $w_tree -- >"$TMP-patch" &&
 		test -s "$TMP-patch" ||
 		die "$(gettext "No changes selected")"
 
@@ -198,8 +199,8 @@
 			#    $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
 			#    error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
 			#           To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
-			eval_gettextln "$("error: unknown option for 'stash save': \$option
-       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '\$option'")"
+			eval_gettextln "error: unknown option for 'stash save': \$option
+       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '\$option'"
 			usage
 			;;
 		*)
@@ -468,6 +469,7 @@
 	else
 		# Merge conflict; keep the exit status from merge-recursive
 		status=$?
+		git rerere
 		if test -n "$INDEX_OPTION"
 		then
 			gettextln "Index was not unstashed." >&2
@@ -491,7 +493,7 @@
 		die "$(eval_gettext "\${REV}: Could not drop stash entry")"
 
 	# clear_stash if we just dropped the last stash entry
-	git rev-parse --verify "$ref_stash@{0}" > /dev/null 2>&1 || clear_stash
+	git rev-parse --verify "$ref_stash@{0}" >/dev/null 2>&1 || clear_stash
 }
 
 apply_to_branch () {
diff --git a/git-submodule.sh b/git-submodule.sh
index 928a62f..004c034 100755
--- a/git-submodule.sh
+++ b/git-submodule.sh
@@ -1,17 +1,17 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 #
-# git-submodules.sh: add, init, update or list git submodules
+# git-submodule.sh: add, init, update or list git submodules
 #
 # Copyright (c) 2007 Lars Hjemli
 
 dashless=$(basename "$0" | sed -e 's/-/ /')
-USAGE="[--quiet] add [-b branch] [-f|--force] [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
+USAGE="[--quiet] add [-b <branch>] [-f|--force] [--name <name>] [--reference <repository>] [--] <repository> [<path>]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] status [--cached] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] init [--] [<path>...]
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] update [--init] [--remote] [-N|--no-fetch] [-f|--force] [--rebase] [--reference <repository>] [--merge] [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] summary [--cached|--files] [--summary-limit <n>] [commit] [--] [<path>...]
    or: $dashless [--quiet] foreach [--recursive] <command>
-   or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--] [<path>...]"
+   or: $dashless [--quiet] sync [--recursive] [--] [<path>...]"
 OPTIONS_SPEC=
 . git-sh-setup
 . git-sh-i18n
@@ -26,11 +26,28 @@
 recursive=
 init=
 files=
+remote=
 nofetch=
 update=
 prefix=
+custom_name=
 
-# Resolve relative url by appending to parent's url
+# The function takes at most 2 arguments. The first argument is the
+# URL that navigates to the submodule origin repo. When relative, this URL
+# is relative to the superproject origin URL repo. The second up_path
+# argument, if specified, is the relative path that navigates
+# from the submodule working tree to the superproject working tree.
+#
+# The output of the function is the origin URL of the submodule.
+#
+# The output will either be an absolute URL or filesystem path (if the
+# superproject origin URL is an absolute URL or filesystem path,
+# respectively) or a relative file system path (if the superproject
+# origin URL is a relative file system path).
+#
+# When the output is a relative file system path, the path is either
+# relative to the submodule working tree, if up_path is specified, or to
+# the superproject working tree otherwise.
 resolve_relative_url ()
 {
 	remote=$(get_default_remote)
@@ -39,6 +56,21 @@
 	url="$1"
 	remoteurl=${remoteurl%/}
 	sep=/
+	up_path="$2"
+
+	case "$remoteurl" in
+	*:*|/*)
+		is_relative=
+		;;
+	./*|../*)
+		is_relative=t
+		;;
+	*)
+		is_relative=t
+		remoteurl="./$remoteurl"
+		;;
+	esac
+
 	while test -n "$url"
 	do
 		case "$url" in
@@ -53,7 +85,12 @@
 				sep=:
 				;;
 			*)
-				die "$(eval_gettext "cannot strip one component off url '\$remoteurl'")"
+				if test -z "$is_relative" || test "." = "$remoteurl"
+				then
+					die "$(eval_gettext "cannot strip one component off url '\$remoteurl'")"
+				else
+					remoteurl=.
+				fi
 				;;
 			esac
 			;;
@@ -64,7 +101,8 @@
 			break;;
 		esac
 	done
-	echo "$remoteurl$sep${url%/}"
+	remoteurl="$remoteurl$sep${url%/}"
+	echo "${is_relative:+${up_path}}${remoteurl#./}"
 }
 
 #
@@ -73,26 +111,74 @@
 #
 module_list()
 {
-	git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" |
+	(
+		git ls-files --error-unmatch --stage -- "$@" ||
+		echo "unmatched pathspec exists"
+	) |
 	perl -e '
 	my %unmerged = ();
 	my ($null_sha1) = ("0" x 40);
+	my @out = ();
+	my $unmatched = 0;
 	while (<STDIN>) {
+		if (/^unmatched pathspec/) {
+			$unmatched = 1;
+			next;
+		}
 		chomp;
 		my ($mode, $sha1, $stage, $path) =
 			/^([0-7]+) ([0-9a-f]{40}) ([0-3])\t(.*)$/;
 		next unless $mode eq "160000";
 		if ($stage ne "0") {
 			if (!$unmerged{$path}++) {
-				print "$mode $null_sha1 U\t$path\n";
+				push @out, "$mode $null_sha1 U\t$path\n";
 			}
 			next;
 		}
-		print "$_\n";
+		push @out, "$_\n";
+	}
+	if ($unmatched) {
+		print "#unmatched\n";
+	} else {
+		print for (@out);
 	}
 	'
 }
 
+die_if_unmatched ()
+{
+	if test "$1" = "#unmatched"
+	then
+		exit 1
+	fi
+}
+
+#
+# Print a submodule configuration setting
+#
+# $1 = submodule name
+# $2 = option name
+# $3 = default value
+#
+# Checks in the usual git-config places first (for overrides),
+# otherwise it falls back on .gitmodules.  This allows you to
+# distribute project-wide defaults in .gitmodules, while still
+# customizing individual repositories if necessary.  If the option is
+# not in .gitmodules either, print a default value.
+#
+get_submodule_config () {
+	name="$1"
+	option="$2"
+	default="$3"
+	value=$(git config submodule."$name"."$option")
+	if test -z "$value"
+	then
+		value=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name"."$option")
+	fi
+	printf '%s' "${value:-$default}"
+}
+
+
 #
 # Map submodule path to submodule name
 #
@@ -101,12 +187,13 @@
 module_name()
 {
 	# Do we have "submodule.<something>.path = $1" defined in .gitmodules file?
+	sm_path="$1"
 	re=$(printf '%s\n' "$1" | sed -e 's/[].[^$\\*]/\\&/g')
 	name=$( git config -f .gitmodules --get-regexp '^submodule\..*\.path$' |
 		sed -n -e 's|^submodule\.\(.*\)\.path '"$re"'$|\1|p' )
-       test -z "$name" &&
-       die "$(eval_gettext "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '\$path'")"
-       echo "$name"
+	test -z "$name" &&
+	die "$(eval_gettext "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '\$sm_path'")"
+	echo "$name"
 }
 
 #
@@ -119,9 +206,10 @@
 #
 module_clone()
 {
-	path=$1
-	url=$2
-	reference="$3"
+	sm_path=$1
+	name=$2
+	url=$3
+	reference="$4"
 	quiet=
 	if test -n "$GIT_QUIET"
 	then
@@ -130,47 +218,52 @@
 
 	gitdir=
 	gitdir_base=
-	name=$(module_name "$path")
-	base_path=$(dirname "$path")
+	base_name=$(dirname "$name")
 
 	gitdir=$(git rev-parse --git-dir)
-	gitdir_base="$gitdir/modules/$base_path"
-	gitdir="$gitdir/modules/$path"
-
-	case $gitdir in
-	/*)
-		a="$(cd_to_toplevel && pwd)/"
-		b=$gitdir
-		while [ "$b" ] && [ "${a%%/*}" = "${b%%/*}" ]
-		do
-			a=${a#*/} b=${b#*/};
-		done
-
-		rel="$a$name"
-		rel=`echo $rel | sed -e 's|[^/]*|..|g'`
-		rel_gitdir="$rel/$b"
-		;;
-	*)
-		rel=`echo $name | sed -e 's|[^/]*|..|g'`
-		rel_gitdir="$rel/$gitdir"
-		;;
-	esac
+	gitdir_base="$gitdir/modules/$base_name"
+	gitdir="$gitdir/modules/$name"
 
 	if test -d "$gitdir"
 	then
-		mkdir -p "$path"
-		echo "gitdir: $rel_gitdir" >"$path/.git"
+		mkdir -p "$sm_path"
 		rm -f "$gitdir/index"
 	else
 		mkdir -p "$gitdir_base"
-		if test -n "$reference"
-		then
-			git-clone $quiet "$reference" -n "$url" "$path" --separate-git-dir "$gitdir"
-		else
-			git-clone $quiet -n "$url" "$path" --separate-git-dir "$gitdir"
-		fi ||
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Clone of '\$url' into submodule path '\$path' failed")"
+		(
+			clear_local_git_env
+			git clone $quiet -n ${reference:+"$reference"} \
+				--separate-git-dir "$gitdir" "$url" "$sm_path"
+		) ||
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Clone of '\$url' into submodule path '\$sm_path' failed")"
 	fi
+
+	# We already are at the root of the work tree but cd_to_toplevel will
+	# resolve any symlinks that might be present in $PWD
+	a=$(cd_to_toplevel && cd "$gitdir" && pwd)/
+	b=$(cd_to_toplevel && cd "$sm_path" && pwd)/
+	# normalize Windows-style absolute paths to POSIX-style absolute paths
+	case $a in [a-zA-Z]:/*) a=/${a%%:*}${a#*:} ;; esac
+	case $b in [a-zA-Z]:/*) b=/${b%%:*}${b#*:} ;; esac
+	# Remove all common leading directories after a sanity check
+	if test "${a#$b}" != "$a" || test "${b#$a}" != "$b"; then
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Gitdir '\$a' is part of the submodule path '\$b' or vice versa")"
+	fi
+	while test "${a%%/*}" = "${b%%/*}"
+	do
+		a=${a#*/}
+		b=${b#*/}
+	done
+	# Now chop off the trailing '/'s that were added in the beginning
+	a=${a%/}
+	b=${b%/}
+
+	# Turn each leading "*/" component into "../"
+	rel=$(echo $b | sed -e 's|[^/][^/]*|..|g')
+	echo "gitdir: $rel/$a" >"$sm_path/.git"
+
+	rel=$(echo $a | sed -e 's|[^/][^/]*|..|g')
+	(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config core.worktree "$rel/$b")
 }
 
 #
@@ -204,6 +297,10 @@
 			;;
 		--reference=*)
 			reference="$1"
+			;;
+		--name)
+			case "$2" in '') usage ;; esac
+			custom_name=$2
 			shift
 			;;
 		--)
@@ -221,14 +318,14 @@
 	done
 
 	repo=$1
-	path=$2
+	sm_path=$2
 
-	if test -z "$path"; then
-		path=$(echo "$repo" |
+	if test -z "$sm_path"; then
+		sm_path=$(echo "$repo" |
 			sed -e 's|/$||' -e 's|:*/*\.git$||' -e 's|.*[/:]||g')
 	fi
 
-	if test -z "$repo" -o -z "$path"; then
+	if test -z "$repo" -o -z "$sm_path"; then
 		usage
 	fi
 
@@ -249,7 +346,7 @@
 
 	# normalize path:
 	# multiple //; leading ./; /./; /../; trailing /
-	path=$(printf '%s/\n' "$path" |
+	sm_path=$(printf '%s/\n' "$sm_path" |
 		sed -e '
 			s|//*|/|g
 			s|^\(\./\)*||
@@ -259,49 +356,73 @@
 			tstart
 			s|/*$||
 		')
-	git ls-files --error-unmatch "$path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
-	die "$(eval_gettext "'\$path' already exists in the index")"
+	git ls-files --error-unmatch "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	die "$(eval_gettext "'\$sm_path' already exists in the index")"
 
-	if test -z "$force" && ! git add --dry-run --ignore-missing "$path" > /dev/null 2>&1
+	if test -z "$force" && ! git add --dry-run --ignore-missing "$sm_path" > /dev/null 2>&1
 	then
 		eval_gettextln "The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:
-\$path
+\$sm_path
 Use -f if you really want to add it." >&2
 		exit 1
 	fi
 
-	# perhaps the path exists and is already a git repo, else clone it
-	if test -e "$path"
+	if test -n "$custom_name"
 	then
-		if test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		sm_name="$custom_name"
+	else
+		sm_name="$sm_path"
+	fi
+
+	# perhaps the path exists and is already a git repo, else clone it
+	if test -e "$sm_path"
+	then
+		if test -d "$sm_path"/.git -o -f "$sm_path"/.git
 		then
-			eval_gettextln "Adding existing repo at '\$path' to the index"
+			eval_gettextln "Adding existing repo at '\$sm_path' to the index"
 		else
-			die "$(eval_gettext "'\$path' already exists and is not a valid git repo")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "'\$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo")"
 		fi
 
 	else
-
-		module_clone "$path" "$realrepo" "$reference" || exit
+		if test -d ".git/modules/$sm_name"
+		then
+			if test -z "$force"
+			then
+				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "A git directory for '\$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):")"
+				GIT_DIR=".git/modules/$sm_name" GIT_WORK_TREE=. git remote -v | grep '(fetch)' | sed -e s,^,"  ", -e s,' (fetch)',, >&2
+				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from")"
+				echo >&2 "  $realrepo"
+				echo >&2 "$(eval_gettext "use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo")"
+				die "$(eval_gettext "or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' option.")"
+			else
+				echo "$(eval_gettext "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '\$sm_name'.")"
+			fi
+		fi
+		module_clone "$sm_path" "$sm_name" "$realrepo" "$reference" || exit
 		(
 			clear_local_git_env
-			cd "$path" &&
+			cd "$sm_path" &&
 			# ash fails to wordsplit ${branch:+-b "$branch"...}
 			case "$branch" in
 			'') git checkout -f -q ;;
 			?*) git checkout -f -q -B "$branch" "origin/$branch" ;;
 			esac
-		) || die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout submodule '\$path'")"
+		) || die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 	fi
-	git config submodule."$path".url "$realrepo"
+	git config submodule."$sm_name".url "$realrepo"
 
-	git add $force "$path" ||
-	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to add submodule '\$path'")"
+	git add $force "$sm_path" ||
+	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to add submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$path".path "$path" &&
-	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$path".url "$repo" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".path "$sm_path" &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".url "$repo" &&
+	if test -n "$branch"
+	then
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$sm_name".branch "$branch"
+	fi &&
 	git add --force .gitmodules ||
-	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register submodule '\$path'")"
+	die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register submodule '\$sm_path'")"
 }
 
 #
@@ -339,23 +460,26 @@
 	exec 3<&0
 
 	module_list |
-	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
 	do
-		if test -e "$path"/.git
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
+		if test -e "$sm_path"/.git
 		then
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Entering '\$prefix\$path'")"
-			name=$(module_name "$path")
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Entering '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+			name=$(module_name "$sm_path")
 			(
-				prefix="$prefix$path/"
+				prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
 				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$path" &&
+				# we make $path available to scripts ...
+				path=$sm_path
+				cd "$sm_path" &&
 				eval "$@" &&
 				if test -n "$recursive"
 				then
 					cmd_foreach "--recursive" "$@"
 				fi
 			) <&3 3<&- ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Stopping at '\$path'; script returned non-zero status.")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Stopping at '\$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status.")"
 		fi
 	done
 }
@@ -389,15 +513,17 @@
 	done
 
 	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
 	do
-		# Skip already registered paths
-		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
+		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
+
+		# Copy url setting when it is not set yet
 		if test -z "$(git config "submodule.$name.url")"
 		then
 			url=$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule."$name".url)
 			test -z "$url" &&
-			die "$(eval_gettext "No url found for submodule path '\$path' in .gitmodules")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "No url found for submodule path '\$sm_path' in .gitmodules")"
 
 			# Possibly a url relative to parent
 			case "$url" in
@@ -406,7 +532,9 @@
 				;;
 			esac
 			git config submodule."$name".url "$url" ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register url for submodule path '\$path'")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register url for submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule '\$name' (\$url) registered for path '\$sm_path'")"
 		fi
 
 		# Copy "update" setting when it is not set yet
@@ -414,9 +542,7 @@
 		test -z "$upd" ||
 		test -n "$(git config submodule."$name".update)" ||
 		git config submodule."$name".update "$upd" ||
-		die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '\$path'")"
-
-		say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule '\$name' (\$url) registered for path '\$path'")"
+		die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 	done
 }
 
@@ -438,6 +564,9 @@
 		-i|--init)
 			init=1
 			;;
+		--remote)
+			remote=1
+			;;
 		-N|--no-fetch)
 			nofetch=1
 			;;
@@ -488,15 +617,17 @@
 	cloned_modules=
 	module_list "$@" | {
 	err=
-	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
 	do
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
 		if test "$stage" = U
 		then
-			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $path"
+			echo >&2 "Skipping unmerged submodule $sm_path"
 			continue
 		fi
-		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
+		branch=$(get_submodule_config "$name" branch master)
 		if ! test -z "$update"
 		then
 			update_module=$update
@@ -506,7 +637,7 @@
 
 		if test "$update_module" = "none"
 		then
-			echo "Skipping submodule '$path'"
+			echo "Skipping submodule '$sm_path'"
 			continue
 		fi
 
@@ -515,23 +646,37 @@
 			# Only mention uninitialized submodules when its
 			# path have been specified
 			test "$#" != "0" &&
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$path' not initialized
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path' not initialized
 Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?")"
 			continue
 		fi
 
-		if ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		if ! test -d "$sm_path"/.git -o -f "$sm_path"/.git
 		then
-			module_clone "$path" "$url" "$reference"|| exit
+			module_clone "$sm_path" "$name" "$url" "$reference" || exit
 			cloned_modules="$cloned_modules;$name"
 			subsha1=
 		else
-			subsha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" &&
+			subsha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 				git rev-parse --verify HEAD) ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '\$path'")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 		fi
 
-		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1"
+		if test -n "$remote"
+		then
+			if test -z "$nofetch"
+			then
+				# Fetch remote before determining tracking $sha1
+				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && git-fetch) ||
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+			fi
+			remote_name=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && get_default_remote)
+			sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
+				git rev-parse --verify "${remote_name}/${branch}") ||
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to find current ${remote_name}/${branch} revision in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+		fi
+
+		if test "$subsha1" != "$sha1" -o -n "$force"
 		then
 			subforce=$force
 			# If we don't already have a -f flag and the submodule has never been checked out
@@ -544,10 +689,10 @@
 			then
 				# Run fetch only if $sha1 isn't present or it
 				# is not reachable from a ref.
-				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" &&
+				(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" &&
 					( (rev=$(git rev-list -n 1 $sha1 --not --all 2>/dev/null) &&
 					 test -z "$rev") || git-fetch)) ||
-				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$path'")"
+				die "$(eval_gettext "Unable to fetch in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 			fi
 
 			# Is this something we just cloned?
@@ -561,24 +706,24 @@
 			case "$update_module" in
 			rebase)
 				command="git rebase"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to rebase '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$path': rebased into '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to rebase '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': rebased into '\$sha1'")"
 				must_die_on_failure=yes
 				;;
 			merge)
 				command="git merge"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to merge '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$path': merged in '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to merge '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': merged in '\$sha1'")"
 				must_die_on_failure=yes
 				;;
 			*)
 				command="git checkout $subforce -q"
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$path'")"
-				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$path': checked out '\$sha1'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Unable to checkout '\$sha1' in submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
+				say_msg="$(eval_gettext "Submodule path '\$sm_path': checked out '\$sha1'")"
 				;;
 			esac
 
-			if (clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && $command "$sha1")
+			if (clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && $command "$sha1")
 			then
 				say "$say_msg"
 			elif test -n "$must_die_on_failure"
@@ -592,11 +737,11 @@
 
 		if test -n "$recursive"
 		then
-			(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && eval cmd_update "$orig_flags")
+			(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && eval cmd_update "$orig_flags")
 			res=$?
 			if test $res -gt 0
 			then
-				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$path'")"
+				die_msg="$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 				if test $res -eq 1
 				then
 					err="${err};$die_msg"
@@ -704,7 +849,7 @@
 	if [ -n "$files" ]
 	then
 		test -n "$cached" &&
-		die "$(gettext -- "--cached cannot be used with --files")"
+		die "$(gettext "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option")"
 		diff_cmd=diff-files
 		head=
 	fi
@@ -831,12 +976,12 @@
 	done |
 	if test -n "$for_status"; then
 		if [ -n "$files" ]; then
-			gettextln "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+			gettextln "Submodules changed but not updated:" | git stripspace -c
 		else
-			gettextln "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+			gettextln "Submodule changes to be committed:" | git stripspace -c
 		fi
-		echo "#"
-		sed -e 's|^|# |' -e 's|^# $|#|'
+		printf "\n" | git stripspace -c
+		git stripspace -c
 	else
 		cat
 	fi
@@ -854,7 +999,6 @@
 cmd_status()
 {
 	# parse $args after "submodule ... status".
-	orig_flags=
 	while test $# -ne 0
 	do
 		case "$1" in
@@ -878,35 +1022,35 @@
 			break
 			;;
 		esac
-		orig_flags="$orig_flags $(git rev-parse --sq-quote "$1")"
 		shift
 	done
 
 	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
 	do
-		name=$(module_name "$path") || exit
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
+		name=$(module_name "$sm_path") || exit
 		url=$(git config submodule."$name".url)
-		displaypath="$prefix$path"
+		displaypath="$prefix$sm_path"
 		if test "$stage" = U
 		then
 			say "U$sha1 $displaypath"
 			continue
 		fi
-		if test -z "$url" || ! test -d "$path"/.git -o -f "$path"/.git
+		if test -z "$url" || ! test -d "$sm_path"/.git -o -f "$sm_path"/.git
 		then
 			say "-$sha1 $displaypath"
 			continue;
 		fi
-		set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
-		if git diff-files --ignore-submodules=dirty --quiet -- "$path"
+		set_name_rev "$sm_path" "$sha1"
+		if git diff-files --ignore-submodules=dirty --quiet -- "$sm_path"
 		then
 			say " $sha1 $displaypath$revname"
 		else
 			if test -z "$cached"
 			then
-				sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$path" && git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
-				set_name_rev "$path" "$sha1"
+				sha1=$(clear_local_git_env; cd "$sm_path" && git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+				set_name_rev "$sm_path" "$sha1"
 			fi
 			say "+$sha1 $displaypath$revname"
 		fi
@@ -916,10 +1060,10 @@
 			(
 				prefix="$displaypath/"
 				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$path" &&
-				eval cmd_status "$orig_args"
+				cd "$sm_path" &&
+				eval cmd_status
 			) ||
-			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$path'")"
+			die "$(eval_gettext "Failed to recurse into submodule path '\$sm_path'")"
 		fi
 	done
 }
@@ -937,6 +1081,10 @@
 			GIT_QUIET=1
 			shift
 			;;
+		--recursive)
+			recursive=1
+			shift
+			;;
 		--)
 			shift
 			break
@@ -951,30 +1099,49 @@
 	done
 	cd_to_toplevel
 	module_list "$@" |
-	while read mode sha1 stage path
+	while read mode sha1 stage sm_path
 	do
-		name=$(module_name "$path")
+		die_if_unmatched "$mode"
+		name=$(module_name "$sm_path")
 		url=$(git config -f .gitmodules --get submodule."$name".url)
 
 		# Possibly a url relative to parent
 		case "$url" in
 		./*|../*)
-			url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+			# rewrite foo/bar as ../.. to find path from
+			# submodule work tree to superproject work tree
+			up_path="$(echo "$sm_path" | sed "s/[^/][^/]*/../g")" &&
+			# guarantee a trailing /
+			up_path=${up_path%/}/ &&
+			# path from submodule work tree to submodule origin repo
+			sub_origin_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url" "$up_path") &&
+			# path from superproject work tree to submodule origin repo
+			super_config_url=$(resolve_relative_url "$url") || exit
+			;;
+		*)
+			sub_origin_url="$url"
+			super_config_url="$url"
 			;;
 		esac
 
 		if git config "submodule.$name.url" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null
 		then
-			say "$(eval_gettext "Synchronizing submodule url for '\$name'")"
-			git config submodule."$name".url "$url"
+			say "$(eval_gettext "Synchronizing submodule url for '\$prefix\$sm_path'")"
+			git config submodule."$name".url "$super_config_url"
 
-			if test -e "$path"/.git
+			if test -e "$sm_path"/.git
 			then
 			(
 				clear_local_git_env
-				cd "$path"
+				cd "$sm_path"
 				remote=$(get_default_remote)
-				git config remote."$remote".url "$url"
+				git config remote."$remote".url "$sub_origin_url"
+
+				if test -n "$recursive"
+				then
+					prefix="$prefix$sm_path/"
+					eval cmd_sync
+				fi
 			)
 			fi
 		fi
@@ -1021,7 +1188,15 @@
 done
 
 # No command word defaults to "status"
-test -n "$command" || command=status
+if test -z "$command"
+then
+    if test $# = 0
+    then
+	command=status
+    else
+	usage
+    fi
+fi
 
 # "-b branch" is accepted only by "add"
 if test -n "$branch" && test "$command" != add
diff --git a/git-svn.perl b/git-svn.perl
index b67fef0..b46795f 100755
--- a/git-svn.perl
+++ b/git-svn.perl
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-#!/usr/bin/env perl
+#!/usr/bin/perl
 # Copyright (C) 2006, Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>
 # License: GPL v2 or later
 use 5.008;
@@ -10,17 +10,58 @@
 $AUTHOR = 'Eric Wong <normalperson@yhbt.net>';
 $VERSION = '@@GIT_VERSION@@';
 
+use Carp qw/croak/;
+use Digest::MD5;
+use IO::File qw//;
+use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
+use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
+use File::Spec;
+use File::Find;
+use Getopt::Long qw/:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case auto_abbrev/;
+use IPC::Open3;
+use Memoize;
+
+use Git::SVN;
+use Git::SVN::Editor;
+use Git::SVN::Fetcher;
+use Git::SVN::Ra;
+use Git::SVN::Prompt;
+use Git::SVN::Log;
+use Git::SVN::Migration;
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(
+	fatal
+	can_compress
+	canonicalize_path
+	canonicalize_url
+	join_paths
+	add_path_to_url
+	join_paths
+);
+
+use Git qw(
+	git_cmd_try
+	command
+	command_oneline
+	command_noisy
+	command_output_pipe
+	command_close_pipe
+	command_bidi_pipe
+	command_close_bidi_pipe
+);
+
+BEGIN {
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config';
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config_bool';
+}
+
+
 # From which subdir have we been invoked?
 my $cmd_dir_prefix = eval {
 	command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --show-prefix/], STDERR => 0)
 } || '';
 
-my $git_dir_user_set = 1 if defined $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-$ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= '.git';
-$Git::SVN::default_repo_id = 'svn';
-$Git::SVN::default_ref_id = $ENV{GIT_SVN_ID} || 'git-svn';
 $Git::SVN::Ra::_log_window_size = 100;
-$Git::SVN::_minimize_url = 'unset';
 
 if (! exists $ENV{SVN_SSH} && exists $ENV{GIT_SSH}) {
 	$ENV{SVN_SSH} = $ENV{GIT_SSH};
@@ -35,48 +76,35 @@
 $ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
 $| = 1; # unbuffer STDOUT
 
-sub fatal (@) { print STDERR "@_\n"; exit 1 }
+# All SVN commands do it.  Otherwise we may die on SIGPIPE when the remote
+# repository decides to close the connection which we expect to be kept alive.
+$SIG{PIPE} = 'IGNORE';
+
+# Given a dot separated version number, "subtract" it from
+# the SVN::Core::VERSION; non-negaitive return means the SVN::Core
+# is at least at the version the caller asked for.
+sub compare_svn_version {
+	my (@ours) = split(/\./, $SVN::Core::VERSION);
+	my (@theirs) = split(/\./, $_[0]);
+	my ($i, $diff);
+
+	for ($i = 0; $i < @ours && $i < @theirs; $i++) {
+		$diff = $ours[$i] - $theirs[$i];
+		return $diff if ($diff);
+	}
+	return 1 if ($i < @ours);
+	return -1 if ($i < @theirs);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 sub _req_svn {
 	require SVN::Core; # use()-ing this causes segfaults for me... *shrug*
 	require SVN::Ra;
 	require SVN::Delta;
-	if ($SVN::Core::VERSION lt '1.1.0') {
+	if (::compare_svn_version('1.1.0') < 0) {
 		fatal "Need SVN::Core 1.1.0 or better (got $SVN::Core::VERSION)";
 	}
 }
-my $can_compress = eval { require Compress::Zlib; 1};
-push @Git::SVN::Ra::ISA, 'SVN::Ra';
-push @SVN::Git::Editor::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
-push @SVN::Git::Fetcher::ISA, 'SVN::Delta::Editor';
-use Carp qw/croak/;
-use Digest::MD5;
-use IO::File qw//;
-use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
-use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
-use File::Spec;
-use File::Find;
-use Getopt::Long qw/:config gnu_getopt no_ignore_case auto_abbrev/;
-use IPC::Open3;
-use Git;
-use Memoize;  # core since 5.8.0, Jul 2002
-
-BEGIN {
-	# import functions from Git into our packages, en masse
-	no strict 'refs';
-	foreach (qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
-	            command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
-	            command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/) {
-		for my $package ( qw(SVN::Git::Editor SVN::Git::Fetcher
-			Git::SVN::Migration Git::SVN::Log Git::SVN),
-			__PACKAGE__) {
-			*{"${package}::$_"} = \&{"Git::$_"};
-		}
-	}
-	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config';
-	Memoize::memoize 'Git::config_bool';
-}
-
-my ($SVN);
 
 $sha1 = qr/[a-f\d]{40}/;
 $sha1_short = qr/[a-f\d]{4,40}/;
@@ -84,16 +112,20 @@
 	$_message, $_file, $_branch_dest,
 	$_template, $_shared,
 	$_version, $_fetch_all, $_no_rebase, $_fetch_parent,
-	$_merge, $_strategy, $_dry_run, $_local,
+	$_before, $_after,
+	$_merge, $_strategy, $_preserve_merges, $_dry_run, $_local,
 	$_prefix, $_no_checkout, $_url, $_verbose,
-	$_git_format, $_commit_url, $_tag, $_merge_info, $_interactive);
-$Git::SVN::_follow_parent = 1;
-$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename = ".gitignore";
+	$_commit_url, $_tag, $_merge_info, $_interactive);
+
+# This is a refactoring artifact so Git::SVN can get at this git-svn switch.
+sub opt_prefix { return $_prefix || '' }
+
+$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename = ".gitignore";
 $_q ||= 0;
 my %remote_opts = ( 'username=s' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_username,
                     'config-dir=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::config_dir,
                     'no-auth-cache' => \$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache,
-                    'ignore-paths=s' => \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex,
+                    'ignore-paths=s' => \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_ignore_regex,
                     'ignore-refs=s' => \$Git::SVN::Ra::_ignore_refs_regex );
 my %fc_opts = ( 'follow-parent|follow!' => \$Git::SVN::_follow_parent,
 		'authors-file|A=s' => \$_authors,
@@ -126,10 +158,10 @@
 		  'rewrite-uuid=s' => sub { $icv{rewriteUUID} = $_[1] },
                   %remote_opts );
 my %cmt_opts = ( 'edit|e' => \$_edit,
-		'rmdir' => \$SVN::Git::Editor::_rmdir,
-		'find-copies-harder' => \$SVN::Git::Editor::_find_copies_harder,
-		'l=i' => \$SVN::Git::Editor::_rename_limit,
-		'copy-similarity|C=i'=> \$SVN::Git::Editor::_cp_similarity
+		'rmdir' => \$Git::SVN::Editor::_rmdir,
+		'find-copies-harder' => \$Git::SVN::Editor::_find_copies_harder,
+		'l=i' => \$Git::SVN::Editor::_rename_limit,
+		'copy-similarity|C=i'=> \$Git::SVN::Editor::_cp_similarity
 );
 
 my %cmd = (
@@ -141,9 +173,9 @@
 	clone => [ \&cmd_clone, "Initialize and fetch revisions",
 			{ 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
 			  'preserve-empty-dirs' =>
-				\$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_preserve_empty_dirs,
+				\$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_preserve_empty_dirs,
 			  'placeholder-filename=s' =>
-				\$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename,
+				\$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename,
 			   %fc_opts, %init_opts } ],
 	init => [ \&cmd_init, "Initialize a repo for tracking" .
 			  " (requires URL argument)",
@@ -225,7 +257,8 @@
 			} ],
 	'find-rev' => [ \&cmd_find_rev,
 	                "Translate between SVN revision numbers and tree-ish",
-			{} ],
+			{ 'before' => \$_before,
+			  'after' => \$_after } ],
 	'rebase' => [ \&cmd_rebase, "Fetch and rebase your working directory",
 			{ 'merge|m|M' => \$_merge,
 			  'verbose|v' => \$_verbose,
@@ -233,6 +266,7 @@
 			  'local|l' => \$_local,
 			  'fetch-all|all' => \$_fetch_all,
 			  'dry-run|n' => \$_dry_run,
+			  'preserve-merges|p' => \$_preserve_merges,
 			  %fc_opts } ],
 	'commit-diff' => [ \&cmd_commit_diff,
 	                   'Commit a diff between two trees',
@@ -246,7 +280,7 @@
 		    { 'url' => \$_url, } ],
 	'blame' => [ \&Git::SVN::Log::cmd_blame,
 	            "Show what revision and author last modified each line of a file",
-		    { 'git-format' => \$_git_format } ],
+		    { 'git-format' => \$Git::SVN::Log::_git_format } ],
 	'reset' => [ \&cmd_reset,
 		     "Undo fetches back to the specified SVN revision",
 		     { 'revision|r=s' => \$_revision,
@@ -291,27 +325,20 @@
 };
 
 # make sure we're always running at the top-level working directory
-unless ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
-	unless (-d $ENV{GIT_DIR}) {
-		if ($git_dir_user_set) {
-			die "GIT_DIR=$ENV{GIT_DIR} explicitly set, ",
-			    "but it is not a directory\n";
-		}
-		my $git_dir = delete $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-		my $cdup = undef;
-		git_cmd_try {
-			$cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/);
-			$git_dir = '.' unless ($cdup);
-			chomp $cdup if ($cdup);
-			$cdup = "." unless ($cdup && length $cdup);
-		} "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir not found\n";
-		chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
-		unless (-d $git_dir) {
-			die "$git_dir still not found after going to ",
-			    "'$cdup'\n";
-		}
-		$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
-	}
+if ($cmd && $cmd =~ /(?:clone|init|multi-init)$/) {
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} ||= ".git";
+} else {
+	my ($git_dir, $cdup);
+	git_cmd_try {
+		$git_dir = command_oneline([qw/rev-parse --git-dir/]);
+	} "Unable to find .git directory\n";
+	git_cmd_try {
+		$cdup = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse --show-cdup/);
+		chomp $cdup if ($cdup);
+		$cdup = "." unless ($cdup && length $cdup);
+	} "Already at toplevel, but $git_dir not found\n";
+	$ENV{GIT_DIR} = $git_dir;
+	chdir $cdup or die "Unable to chdir up to '$cdup'\n";
 	$_repository = Git->repository(Repository => $ENV{GIT_DIR});
 }
 
@@ -344,9 +371,9 @@
 eval {
 	Git::SVN::verify_remotes_sanity();
 	$cmd{$cmd}->[0]->(@ARGV);
+	post_fetch_checkout();
 };
 fatal $@ if $@;
-post_fetch_checkout();
 exit 0;
 
 ####################### primary functions ######################
@@ -440,15 +467,15 @@
 		command_noisy('config', "$pfx.$i", $icv{$i});
 		$set = $i;
 	}
-	my $ignore_paths_regex = \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_ignore_regex;
+	my $ignore_paths_regex = \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_ignore_regex;
 	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-paths", $$ignore_paths_regex)
 		if defined $$ignore_paths_regex;
 	my $ignore_refs_regex = \$Git::SVN::Ra::_ignore_refs_regex;
 	command_noisy('config', "$pfx.ignore-refs", $$ignore_refs_regex)
 		if defined $$ignore_refs_regex;
 
-	if (defined $SVN::Git::Fetcher::_preserve_empty_dirs) {
-		my $fname = \$SVN::Git::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename;
+	if (defined $Git::SVN::Fetcher::_preserve_empty_dirs) {
+		my $fname = \$Git::SVN::Fetcher::_placeholder_filename;
 		command_noisy('config', "$pfx.preserve-empty-dirs", 'true');
 		command_noisy('config', "$pfx.placeholder-filename", $$fname);
 	}
@@ -684,7 +711,7 @@
 				fatal "merge commit $d has ancestor $parent, but that change "
                      ."does not have git-svn metadata!";
 			}
-			unless ($branchurl =~ /^$rooturl(.*)/) {
+			unless ($branchurl =~ /^\Q$rooturl\E(.*)/) {
 				fatal "commit $parent git-svn metadata changed mid-run!";
 			}
 			my $branchpath = $1;
@@ -752,6 +779,44 @@
 	return undef;
 }
 
+sub dcommit_rebase {
+	my ($is_last, $current, $fetched_ref, $svn_error) = @_;
+	my @diff;
+
+	if ($svn_error) {
+		print STDERR "\nERROR from SVN:\n",
+				$svn_error->expanded_message, "\n";
+	}
+	unless ($_no_rebase) {
+		# we always want to rebase against the current HEAD,
+		# not any head that was passed to us
+		@diff = command('diff-tree', $current,
+	                   $fetched_ref, '--');
+		my @finish;
+		if (@diff) {
+			@finish = rebase_cmd();
+			print STDERR "W: $current and ", $fetched_ref,
+			             " differ, using @finish:\n",
+			             join("\n", @diff), "\n";
+		} elsif ($is_last) {
+			print "No changes between ", $current, " and ",
+			      $fetched_ref,
+			      "\nResetting to the latest ",
+			      $fetched_ref, "\n";
+			@finish = qw/reset --mixed/;
+		}
+		command_noisy(@finish, $fetched_ref) if @finish;
+	}
+	if ($svn_error) {
+		die "ERROR: Not all changes have been committed into SVN"
+			.($_no_rebase ? ".\n" : ", however the committed\n"
+			."ones (if any) seem to be successfully integrated "
+			."into the working tree.\n")
+			."Please see the above messages for details.\n";
+	}
+	return @diff;
+}
+
 sub cmd_dcommit {
 	my $head = shift;
 	command_noisy(qw/update-index --refresh/);
@@ -867,7 +932,7 @@
 							 ."has uuid $uuid!";
 					}
 
-					unless ($branchurl =~ /^$rooturl(.*)/) {
+					unless ($branchurl =~ /^\Q$rooturl\E(.*)/) {
 						# This branch is very strange indeed.
 						fatal "merge parent $parent for $d is on branch "
 							 ."$branchurl, which is not under the "
@@ -879,6 +944,7 @@
 	}
 
 	my $rewritten_parent;
+	my $current_head = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/);
 	Git::SVN::remove_username($expect_url);
 	if (defined($_merge_info)) {
 		$_merge_info =~ tr{ }{\n};
@@ -918,38 +984,34 @@
 			                },
 					mergeinfo => $_merge_info,
 			                svn_path => '');
-			if (!SVN::Git::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
+
+			my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
+			$SVN::Error::handler = sub {
+				my $err = shift;
+				dcommit_rebase(1, $current_head, $gs->refname,
+					$err);
+			};
+
+			if (!Git::SVN::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
 				print "No changes\n$d~1 == $d\n";
 			} elsif ($parents->{$d} && @{$parents->{$d}}) {
 				$gs->{inject_parents_dcommit}->{$cmt_rev} =
 				                               $parents->{$d};
 			}
 			$_fetch_all ? $gs->fetch_all : $gs->fetch;
+			$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
 			$last_rev = $cmt_rev;
 			next if $_no_rebase;
 
-			# we always want to rebase against the current HEAD,
-			# not any head that was passed to us
-			my @diff = command('diff-tree', $d,
-			                   $gs->refname, '--');
-			my @finish;
-			if (@diff) {
-				@finish = rebase_cmd();
-				print STDERR "W: $d and ", $gs->refname,
-				             " differ, using @finish:\n",
-				             join("\n", @diff), "\n";
-			} else {
-				print "No changes between current HEAD and ",
-				      $gs->refname,
-				      "\nResetting to the latest ",
-				      $gs->refname, "\n";
-				@finish = qw/reset --mixed/;
-			}
-			command_noisy(@finish, $gs->refname);
+			my @diff = dcommit_rebase(@$linear_refs == 0, $d,
+						$gs->refname, undef);
 
-			$rewritten_parent = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse HEAD/);
+			$rewritten_parent = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse/,
+							$gs->refname);
 
 			if (@diff) {
+				$current_head = command_oneline(qw/rev-parse
+								HEAD/);
 				@refs = ();
 				my ($url_, $rev_, $uuid_, $gs_) =
 				              working_head_info('HEAD', \@refs);
@@ -994,6 +1056,7 @@
 				}
 				$parents = \%p;
 				$linear_refs = \@l;
+				undef $last_rev;
 			}
 		}
 	}
@@ -1042,8 +1105,7 @@
 		            " with the --destination argument.\n";
 		}
 		foreach my $g (@{$allglobs}) {
-			# SVN::Git::Editor could probably be moved to Git.pm..
-			my $re = SVN::Git::Editor::glob2pat($g->{path}->{left});
+			my $re = Git::SVN::Editor::glob2pat($g->{path}->{left});
 			if ($_branch_dest =~ /$re/) {
 				$glob = $g;
 				last;
@@ -1122,7 +1184,13 @@
 			    "$head history\n";
 		}
 		my $desired_revision = substr($revision_or_hash, 1);
-		$result = $gs->rev_map_get($desired_revision, $uuid);
+		if ($_before) {
+			$result = $gs->find_rev_before($desired_revision, 1);
+		} elsif ($_after) {
+			$result = $gs->find_rev_after($desired_revision, 1);
+		} else {
+			$result = $gs->rev_map_get($desired_revision, $uuid);
+		}
 	} else {
 		my (undef, $rev, undef) = cmt_metadata($revision_or_hash);
 		$result = $rev;
@@ -1171,7 +1239,7 @@
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
 	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
 	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
-	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->path, $r, sub {
 		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
 		print STDOUT "\n# $path\n";
 		my $s = $props->{'svn:ignore'} or return;
@@ -1187,7 +1255,7 @@
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
 	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
 	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
-	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->path, $r, sub {
 		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
 		print STDOUT "\n# $path\n";
 		my $s = $props->{'svn:externals'} or return;
@@ -1202,7 +1270,7 @@
 	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = working_head_info('HEAD');
 	$gs ||= Git::SVN->new;
 	my $r = (defined $_revision ? $_revision : $gs->ra->get_latest_revnum);
-	$gs->prop_walk($gs->{path}, $r, sub {
+	$gs->prop_walk($gs->path, $r, sub {
 		my ($gs, $path, $props) = @_;
 		# $path is of the form /path/to/dir/
 		$path = '.' . $path;
@@ -1232,31 +1300,6 @@
 	$gs->mkemptydirs($_revision);
 }
 
-sub canonicalize_path {
-	my ($path) = @_;
-	my $dot_slash_added = 0;
-	if (substr($path, 0, 1) ne "/") {
-		$path = "./" . $path;
-		$dot_slash_added = 1;
-	}
-	# File::Spec->canonpath doesn't collapse x/../y into y (for a
-	# good reason), so let's do this manually.
-	$path =~ s#/+#/#g;
-	$path =~ s#/\.(?:/|$)#/#g;
-	$path =~ s#/[^/]+/\.\.##g;
-	$path =~ s#/$##g;
-	$path =~ s#^\./## if $dot_slash_added;
-	$path =~ s#^/##;
-	$path =~ s#^\.$##;
-	return $path;
-}
-
-sub canonicalize_url {
-	my ($url) = @_;
-	$url =~ s#^([^:]+://[^/]*/)(.*)$#$1 . canonicalize_path($2)#e;
-	return $url;
-}
-
 # get_svnprops(PATH)
 # ------------------
 # Helper for cmd_propget and cmd_proplist below.
@@ -1270,7 +1313,7 @@
 	$path = $cmd_dir_prefix . $path;
 	fatal("No such file or directory: $path") unless -e $path;
 	my $is_dir = -d $path ? 1 : 0;
-	$path = $gs->{path} . '/' . $path;
+	$path = join_paths($gs->path, $path);
 
 	# canonicalize the path (otherwise libsvn will abort or fail to
 	# find the file)
@@ -1371,8 +1414,8 @@
 			fatal("Needed URL or usable git-svn --id in ",
 			      "the command-line\n", $usage);
 		}
-		$url = $gs->{url};
-		$svn_path = $gs->{path};
+		$url = $gs->url;
+		$svn_path = $gs->path;
 	}
 	unless (defined $_revision) {
 		fatal("-r|--revision is a required argument\n", $usage);
@@ -1401,29 +1444,11 @@
 	                tree_b => $tb,
 	                editor_cb => sub { print "Committed r$_[0]\n" },
 	                svn_path => $svn_path );
-	if (!SVN::Git::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
+	if (!Git::SVN::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
 		print "No changes\n$ta == $tb\n";
 	}
 }
 
-sub escape_uri_only {
-	my ($uri) = @_;
-	my @tmp;
-	foreach (split m{/}, $uri) {
-		s/([^~\w.%+-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
-		push @tmp, $_;
-	}
-	join('/', @tmp);
-}
-
-sub escape_url {
-	my ($url) = @_;
-	if ($url =~ m#^([^:]+)://([^/]*)(.*)$#) {
-		my ($scheme, $domain, $uri) = ($1, $2, escape_uri_only($3));
-		$url = "$scheme://$domain$uri";
-	}
-	$url;
-}
 
 sub cmd_info {
 	my $path = canonicalize_path(defined($_[0]) ? $_[0] : ".");
@@ -1448,28 +1473,28 @@
 	# canonicalize_path() will return "" to make libsvn 1.5.x happy,
 	$path = "." if $path eq "";
 
-	my $full_url = $url . ($fullpath eq "" ? "" : "/$fullpath");
+	my $full_url = canonicalize_url( add_path_to_url( $url, $fullpath ) );
 
 	if ($_url) {
-		print escape_url($full_url), "\n";
+		print "$full_url\n";
 		return;
 	}
 
 	my $result = "Path: $path\n";
 	$result .= "Name: " . basename($path) . "\n" if $file_type ne "dir";
-	$result .= "URL: " . escape_url($full_url) . "\n";
+	$result .= "URL: $full_url\n";
 
 	eval {
 		my $repos_root = $gs->repos_root;
 		Git::SVN::remove_username($repos_root);
-		$result .= "Repository Root: " . escape_url($repos_root) . "\n";
+		$result .= "Repository Root: " . canonicalize_url($repos_root) . "\n";
 	};
 	if ($@) {
 		$result .= "Repository Root: (offline)\n";
 	}
 	::_req_svn();
 	$result .= "Repository UUID: $uuid\n" unless $diff_status eq "A" &&
-		($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.5.4' || $file_type ne "dir");
+		(::compare_svn_version('1.5.4') <= 0 || $file_type ne "dir");
 	$result .= "Revision: " . ($diff_status eq "A" ? 0 : $rev) . "\n";
 
 	$result .= "Node Kind: " .
@@ -1556,7 +1581,7 @@
 }
 
 sub cmd_gc {
-	if (!$can_compress) {
+	if (!can_compress()) {
 		warn "Compress::Zlib could not be found; unhandled.log " .
 		     "files will not be compressed.\n";
 	}
@@ -1570,13 +1595,14 @@
 	push @cmd, '-v' if $_verbose;
 	push @cmd, qw/--merge/ if $_merge;
 	push @cmd, "--strategy=$_strategy" if $_strategy;
+	push @cmd, "--preserve-merges" if $_preserve_merges;
 	@cmd;
 }
 
 sub post_fetch_checkout {
 	return if $_no_checkout;
+	return if verify_ref('HEAD^0');
 	my $gs = $Git::SVN::_head or return;
-	return if verify_ref('refs/heads/master^0');
 
 	# look for "trunk" ref if it exists
 	my $remote = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes()->{$gs->{repo_id}};
@@ -1589,9 +1615,8 @@
 		}
 	}
 
-	my $valid_head = verify_ref('HEAD^0');
-	command_noisy(qw(update-ref refs/heads/master), $gs->refname);
-	return if ($valid_head || !verify_ref('HEAD^0'));
+	command_noisy(qw(update-ref HEAD), $gs->refname);
+	return unless verify_ref('HEAD^0');
 
 	return if $ENV{GIT_DIR} !~ m#^(?:.*/)?\.git$#;
 	my $index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/index";
@@ -1609,7 +1634,9 @@
 
 sub complete_svn_url {
 	my ($url, $path) = @_;
-	$path =~ s#/+$##;
+	$path = canonicalize_path($path);
+
+	# If the path is not a URL...
 	if ($path !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 		if (!defined $url || $url !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 			fatal("E: '$path' is not a complete URL ",
@@ -1626,7 +1653,7 @@
 		print STDERR "W: $switch not specified\n";
 		return;
 	}
-	$repo_path =~ s#/+$##;
+	$repo_path = canonicalize_path($repo_path);
 	if ($repo_path =~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
 		$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($repo_path);
 		$repo_path = '';
@@ -1637,18 +1664,18 @@
 			      "and a separate URL is not specified");
 		}
 	}
-	my $url = $ra->{url};
+	my $url = $ra->url;
 	my $gs = Git::SVN->init($url, undef, undef, undef, 1);
 	my $k = "svn-remote.$gs->{repo_id}.url";
 	my $orig_url = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
-	if ($orig_url && ($orig_url ne $gs->{url})) {
+	if ($orig_url && ($orig_url ne $gs->url)) {
 		die "$k already set: $orig_url\n",
-		    "wanted to set to: $gs->{url}\n";
+		    "wanted to set to: $gs->url\n";
 	}
-	command_oneline('config', $k, $gs->{url}) unless $orig_url;
-	my $remote_path = "$gs->{path}/$repo_path";
+	command_oneline('config', $k, $gs->url) unless $orig_url;
+
+	my $remote_path = join_paths( $gs->path, $repo_path );
 	$remote_path =~ s{%([0-9A-F]{2})}{chr hex($1)}ieg;
-	$remote_path =~ s#/+#/#g;
 	$remote_path =~ s#^/##g;
 	$remote_path .= "/*" if $remote_path !~ /\*/;
 	my ($n) = ($switch =~ /^--(\w+)/);
@@ -1878,8 +1905,7 @@
 
 sub working_head_info {
 	my ($head, $refs) = @_;
-	my @args = qw/log --no-color --no-decorate --first-parent
-	              --pretty=medium/;
+	my @args = qw/rev-list --first-parent --pretty=medium/;
 	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@args, $head);
 	my $hash;
 	my %max;
@@ -1992,13 +2018,13 @@
 	} elsif (!$ref) {
 		$md5->add($arg) or croak $!;
 	} else {
-		::fatal "Can't provide MD5 hash for unknown ref type: '", $ref, "'";
+		fatal "Can't provide MD5 hash for unknown ref type: '", $ref, "'";
 	}
 	return $md5->hexdigest();
 }
 
 sub gc_directory {
-	if ($can_compress && -f $_ && basename($_) eq "unhandled.log") {
+	if (can_compress() && -f $_ && basename($_) eq "unhandled.log") {
 		my $out_filename = $_ . ".gz";
 		open my $in_fh, "<", $_ or die "Unable to open $_: $!\n";
 		binmode $in_fh;
@@ -2016,4706 +2042,6 @@
 	}
 }
 
-package Git::SVN;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Fcntl qw/:DEFAULT :seek/;
-use constant rev_map_fmt => 'NH40';
-use vars qw/$default_repo_id $default_ref_id $_no_metadata $_follow_parent
-            $_repack $_repack_flags $_use_svm_props $_head
-            $_use_svnsync_props $no_reuse_existing $_minimize_url
-	    $_use_log_author $_add_author_from $_localtime/;
-use Carp qw/croak/;
-use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
-use File::Copy qw/copy/;
-use IPC::Open3;
-use Memoize;  # core since 5.8.0, Jul 2002
-use Memoize::Storable;
-
-my ($_gc_nr, $_gc_period);
-
-# properties that we do not log:
-my %SKIP_PROP;
-BEGIN {
-	%SKIP_PROP = map { $_ => 1 } qw/svn:wc:ra_dav:version-url
-	                                svn:special svn:executable
-	                                svn:entry:committed-rev
-	                                svn:entry:last-author
-	                                svn:entry:uuid
-	                                svn:entry:committed-date/;
-
-	# some options are read globally, but can be overridden locally
-	# per [svn-remote "..."] section.  Command-line options will *NOT*
-	# override options set in an [svn-remote "..."] section
-	no strict 'refs';
-	for my $option (qw/follow_parent no_metadata use_svm_props
-			   use_svnsync_props/) {
-		my $key = $option;
-		$key =~ tr/_//d;
-		my $prop = "-$option";
-		*$option = sub {
-			my ($self) = @_;
-			return $self->{$prop} if exists $self->{$prop};
-			my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.$key";
-			eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
-			if ($@) {
-				$self->{$prop} = ${"Git::SVN::_$option"};
-			} else {
-				my $v = command_oneline(qw/config --bool/,$k);
-				$self->{$prop} = $v eq 'false' ? 0 : 1;
-			}
-			return $self->{$prop};
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-
-my (%LOCKFILES, %INDEX_FILES);
-END {
-	unlink keys %LOCKFILES if %LOCKFILES;
-	unlink keys %INDEX_FILES if %INDEX_FILES;
-}
-
-sub resolve_local_globs {
-	my ($url, $fetch, $glob_spec) = @_;
-	return unless defined $glob_spec;
-	my $ref = $glob_spec->{ref};
-	my $path = $glob_spec->{path};
-	foreach (command(qw#for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/#)) {
-		next unless m#^$ref->{regex}$#;
-		my $p = $1;
-		my $pathname = desanitize_refname($path->full_path($p));
-		my $refname = desanitize_refname($ref->full_path($p));
-		if (my $existing = $fetch->{$pathname}) {
-			if ($existing ne $refname) {
-				die "Refspec conflict:\n",
-				    "existing: $existing\n",
-				    " globbed: $refname\n";
-			}
-			my $u = (::cmt_metadata("$refname"))[0];
-			$u =~ s!^\Q$url\E(/|$)!! or die
-			  "$refname: '$url' not found in '$u'\n";
-			if ($pathname ne $u) {
-				warn "W: Refspec glob conflict ",
-				     "(ref: $refname):\n",
-				     "expected path: $pathname\n",
-				     "    real path: $u\n",
-				     "Continuing ahead with $u\n";
-				next;
-			}
-		} else {
-			$fetch->{$pathname} = $refname;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub parse_revision_argument {
-	my ($base, $head) = @_;
-	if (!defined $::_revision || $::_revision eq 'BASE:HEAD') {
-		return ($base, $head);
-	}
-	return ($1, $2) if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):(\d+)$/);
-	return ($::_revision, $::_revision) if ($::_revision =~ /^\d+$/);
-	return ($head, $head) if ($::_revision eq 'HEAD');
-	return ($base, $1) if ($::_revision =~ /^BASE:(\d+)$/);
-	return ($1, $head) if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):HEAD$/);
-	die "revision argument: $::_revision not understood by git-svn\n";
-}
-
-sub fetch_all {
-	my ($repo_id, $remotes) = @_;
-	if (ref $repo_id) {
-		my $gs = $repo_id;
-		$repo_id = undef;
-		$repo_id = $gs->{repo_id};
-	}
-	$remotes ||= read_all_remotes();
-	my $remote = $remotes->{$repo_id} or
-	             die "[svn-remote \"$repo_id\"] unknown\n";
-	my $fetch = $remote->{fetch};
-	my $url = $remote->{url} or die "svn-remote.$repo_id.url not defined\n";
-	my (@gs, @globs);
-	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
-	my $uuid = $ra->get_uuid;
-	my $head = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
-
-	# ignore errors, $head revision may not even exist anymore
-	eval { $ra->get_log("", $head, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub { $head = $_[1] }) };
-	warn "W: $@\n" if $@;
-
-	my $base = defined $fetch ? $head : 0;
-
-	# read the max revs for wildcard expansion (branches/*, tags/*)
-	foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
-		defined $remote->{$t} or next;
-		push @globs, @{$remote->{$t}};
-
-		my $max_rev = eval { tmp_config(qw/--int --get/,
-		                         "svn-remote.$repo_id.${t}-maxRev") };
-		if (defined $max_rev && ($max_rev < $base)) {
-			$base = $max_rev;
-		} elsif (!defined $max_rev) {
-			$base = 0;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if ($fetch) {
-		foreach my $p (sort keys %$fetch) {
-			my $gs = Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$p}, $repo_id, $p);
-			my $lr = $gs->rev_map_max;
-			if (defined $lr) {
-				$base = $lr if ($lr < $base);
-			}
-			push @gs, $gs;
-		}
-	}
-
-	($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument($base, $head);
-	$ra->gs_fetch_loop_common($base, $head, \@gs, \@globs);
-}
-
-sub read_all_remotes {
-	my $r = {};
-	my $use_svm_props = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --bool
-	    svn.useSvmProps/) };
-	$use_svm_props = $use_svm_props eq 'true' if $use_svm_props;
-	my $svn_refspec = qr{\s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*};
-	foreach (grep { s/^svn-remote\.// } command(qw/config -l/)) {
-		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=$svn_refspec$!) {
-			my ($remote, $local_ref, $remote_ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
-			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' "
-			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
-				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
-			$local_ref = uri_decode($local_ref);
-			$r->{$remote}->{fetch}->{$local_ref} = $remote_ref;
-			$r->{$remote}->{svm} = {} if $use_svm_props;
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.usesvmprops=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
-			$r->{$1}->{svm} = {};
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.url=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
-			$r->{$1}->{url} = $2;
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.pushurl=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
-			$r->{$1}->{pushurl} = $2;
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.ignore-refs=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
-			$r->{$1}->{ignore_refs_regex} = $2;
-		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=$svn_refspec$!) {
-			my ($remote, $t, $local_ref, $remote_ref) =
-			                                     ($1, $2, $3, $4);
-			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' ($t) "
-			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
-				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
-			$local_ref = uri_decode($local_ref);
-			my $rs = {
-			    t => $t,
-			    remote => $remote,
-			    path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($local_ref, 1),
-			    ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($remote_ref, 0) };
-			if (length($rs->{ref}->{right}) != 0) {
-				die "The '*' glob character must be the last ",
-				    "character of '$remote_ref'\n";
-			}
-			push @{ $r->{$remote}->{$t} }, $rs;
-		}
-	}
-
-	map {
-		if (defined $r->{$_}->{svm}) {
-			my $svm;
-			eval {
-				my $section = "svn-remote.$_";
-				$svm = {
-					source => tmp_config('--get',
-					    "$section.svm-source"),
-					replace => tmp_config('--get',
-					    "$section.svm-replace"),
-				}
-			};
-			$r->{$_}->{svm} = $svm;
-		}
-	} keys %$r;
-
-	foreach my $remote (keys %$r) {
-		foreach ( grep { defined $_ }
-			  map { $r->{$remote}->{$_} } qw(branches tags) ) {
-			foreach my $rs ( @$_ ) {
-				$rs->{ignore_refs_regex} =
-				    $r->{$remote}->{ignore_refs_regex};
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	$r;
-}
-
-sub init_vars {
-	$_gc_nr = $_gc_period = 1000;
-	if (defined $_repack || defined $_repack_flags) {
-	       warn "Repack options are obsolete; they have no effect.\n";
-	}
-}
-
-sub verify_remotes_sanity {
-	return unless -d $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-	my %seen;
-	foreach (command(qw/config -l/)) {
-		if (m!^svn-remote\.(?:.+)\.fetch=.*:refs/remotes/(\S+)\s*$!) {
-			if ($seen{$1}) {
-				die "Remote ref refs/remote/$1 is tracked by",
-				    "\n  \"$_\"\nand\n  \"$seen{$1}\"\n",
-				    "Please resolve this ambiguity in ",
-				    "your git configuration file before ",
-				    "continuing\n";
-			}
-			$seen{$1} = $_;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub find_existing_remote {
-	my ($url, $remotes) = @_;
-	return undef if $no_reuse_existing;
-	my $existing;
-	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$remotes) {
-		my $u = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
-		next if $u ne $url;
-		$existing = $repo_id;
-		last;
-	}
-	$existing;
-}
-
-sub init_remote_config {
-	my ($self, $url, $no_write) = @_;
-	$url =~ s!/+$!!; # strip trailing slash
-	my $r = read_all_remotes();
-	my $existing = find_existing_remote($url, $r);
-	if ($existing) {
-		unless ($no_write) {
-			print STDERR "Using existing ",
-				     "[svn-remote \"$existing\"]\n";
-		}
-		$self->{repo_id} = $existing;
-	} elsif ($_minimize_url) {
-		my $min_url = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url)->minimize_url;
-		$existing = find_existing_remote($min_url, $r);
-		if ($existing) {
-			unless ($no_write) {
-				print STDERR "Using existing ",
-					     "[svn-remote \"$existing\"]\n";
-			}
-			$self->{repo_id} = $existing;
-		}
-		if ($min_url ne $url) {
-			unless ($no_write) {
-				print STDERR "Using higher level of URL: ",
-					     "$url => $min_url\n";
-			}
-			my $old_path = $self->{path};
-			$self->{path} = $url;
-			$self->{path} =~ s!^\Q$min_url\E(/|$)!!;
-			if (length $old_path) {
-				$self->{path} .= "/$old_path";
-			}
-			$url = $min_url;
-		}
-	}
-	my $orig_url;
-	if (!$existing) {
-		# verify that we aren't overwriting anything:
-		$orig_url = eval {
-			command_oneline('config', '--get',
-					"svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url")
-		};
-		if ($orig_url && ($orig_url ne $url)) {
-			die "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url already set: ",
-			    "$orig_url\nwanted to set to: $url\n";
-		}
-	}
-	my ($xrepo_id, $xpath) = find_ref($self->refname);
-	if (!$no_write && defined $xpath) {
-		die "svn-remote.$xrepo_id.fetch already set to track ",
-		    "$xpath:", $self->refname, "\n";
-	}
-	unless ($no_write) {
-		command_noisy('config',
-			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url", $url);
-		$self->{path} =~ s{^/}{};
-		$self->{path} =~ s{%([0-9A-F]{2})}{chr hex($1)}ieg;
-		command_noisy('config', '--add',
-			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.fetch",
-			      "$self->{path}:".$self->refname);
-	}
-	$self->{url} = $url;
-}
-
-sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
-	my ($class, $full_url, $repos_root, $path) = @_;
-
-	return undef unless defined $full_url;
-	remove_username($full_url);
-	remove_username($repos_root) if defined $repos_root;
-	my $remotes = read_all_remotes();
-	if (defined $full_url && defined $repos_root && !defined $path) {
-		$path = $full_url;
-		$path =~ s#^\Q$repos_root\E(?:/|$)##;
-	}
-	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$remotes) {
-		my $u = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
-		remove_username($u);
-		next if defined $repos_root && $repos_root ne $u;
-
-		my $fetch = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{fetch} || {};
-		foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
-			foreach my $globspec (@{$remotes->{$repo_id}->{$t}}) {
-				resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch, $globspec);
-			}
-		}
-		my $p = $path;
-		my $rwr = rewrite_root({repo_id => $repo_id});
-		my $svm = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm}
-			if defined $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm};
-		unless (defined $p) {
-			$p = $full_url;
-			my $z = $u;
-			my $prefix = '';
-			if ($rwr) {
-				$z = $rwr;
-				remove_username($z);
-			} elsif (defined $svm) {
-				$z = $svm->{source};
-				$prefix = $svm->{replace};
-				$prefix =~ s#^\Q$u\E(?:/|$)##;
-				$prefix =~ s#/$##;
-			}
-			$p =~ s#^\Q$z\E(?:/|$)#$prefix# or next;
-		}
-		foreach my $f (keys %$fetch) {
-			next if $f ne $p;
-			return Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$f}, $repo_id, $f);
-		}
-	}
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub init {
-	my ($class, $url, $path, $repo_id, $ref_id, $no_write) = @_;
-	my $self = _new($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path);
-	if (defined $url) {
-		$self->init_remote_config($url, $no_write);
-	}
-	$self;
-}
-
-sub find_ref {
-	my ($ref_id) = @_;
-	foreach (command(qw/config -l/)) {
-		next unless m!^svn-remote\.(.+)\.fetch=
-		              \s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*$!x;
-		my ($repo_id, $path, $ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
-		if ($ref eq $ref_id) {
-			$path = '' if ($path =~ m#^\./?#);
-			return ($repo_id, $path);
-		}
-	}
-	(undef, undef, undef);
-}
-
-sub new {
-	my ($class, $ref_id, $repo_id, $path) = @_;
-	if (defined $ref_id && !defined $repo_id && !defined $path) {
-		($repo_id, $path) = find_ref($ref_id);
-		if (!defined $repo_id) {
-			die "Could not find a \"svn-remote.*.fetch\" key ",
-			    "in the repository configuration matching: ",
-			    "$ref_id\n";
-		}
-	}
-	my $self = _new($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path);
-	if (!defined $self->{path} || !length $self->{path}) {
-		my $fetch = command_oneline('config', '--get',
-		                            "svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch",
-		                            ":$ref_id\$") or
-		     die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch\" ",
-		         "\":$ref_id\$\" in config\n";
-		($self->{path}, undef) = split(/\s*:\s*/, $fetch);
-	}
-	$self->{path} =~ s{/+}{/}g;
-	$self->{path} =~ s{\A/}{};
-	$self->{path} =~ s{/\z}{};
-	$self->{url} = command_oneline('config', '--get',
-	                               "svn-remote.$repo_id.url") or
-                  die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.url\" in config\n";
-	$self->{pushurl} = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
-	                          "svn-remote.$repo_id.pushurl") };
-	$self->rebuild;
-	$self;
-}
-
-sub refname {
-	my ($refname) = $_[0]->{ref_id} ;
-
-	# It cannot end with a slash /, we'll throw up on this because
-	# SVN can't have directories with a slash in their name, either:
-	if ($refname =~ m{/$}) {
-		die "ref: '$refname' ends with a trailing slash, this is ",
-		    "not permitted by git nor Subversion\n";
-	}
-
-	# It cannot have ASCII control character space, tilde ~, caret ^,
-	# colon :, question-mark ?, asterisk *, space, or open bracket [
-	# anywhere.
-	#
-	# Additionally, % must be escaped because it is used for escaping
-	# and we want our escaped refname to be reversible
-	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{uc sprintf('%%%02x',ord($1))}eg;
-
-	# no slash-separated component can begin with a dot .
-	# /.* becomes /%2E*
-	$refname =~ s{/\.}{/%2E}g;
-
-	# It cannot have two consecutive dots .. anywhere
-	# .. becomes %2E%2E
-	$refname =~ s{\.\.}{%2E%2E}g;
-
-	# trailing dots and .lock are not allowed
-	# .$ becomes %2E and .lock becomes %2Elock
-	$refname =~ s{\.(?=$|lock$)}{%2E};
-
-	# the sequence @{ is used to access the reflog
-	# @{ becomes %40{
-	$refname =~ s{\@\{}{%40\{}g;
-
-	return $refname;
-}
-
-sub desanitize_refname {
-	my ($refname) = @_;
-	$refname =~ s{%(?:([0-9A-F]{2}))}{chr hex($1)}eg;
-	return $refname;
-}
-
-sub svm_uuid {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{svm}->{uuid} if $self->svm;
-	$self->ra;
-	unless ($self->{svm}) {
-		die "SVM UUID not cached, and reading remotely failed\n";
-	}
-	$self->{svm}->{uuid};
-}
-
-sub svm {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{svm} if $self->{svm};
-	my $svm;
-	# see if we have it in our config, first:
-	eval {
-		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
-		$svm = {
-		  source => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-source"),
-		  uuid => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-uuid"),
-		  replace => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-replace"),
-		}
-	};
-	if ($svm && $svm->{source} && $svm->{uuid} && $svm->{replace}) {
-		$self->{svm} = $svm;
-	}
-	$self->{svm};
-}
-
-sub _set_svm_vars {
-	my ($self, $ra) = @_;
-	return $ra if $self->svm;
-
-	my @err = ( "useSvmProps set, but failed to read SVM properties\n",
-		    "(svm:source, svm:uuid) ",
-		    "from the following URLs:\n" );
-	sub read_svm_props {
-		my ($self, $ra, $path, $r) = @_;
-		my $props = ($ra->get_dir($path, $r))[2];
-		my $src = $props->{'svm:source'};
-		my $uuid = $props->{'svm:uuid'};
-		return undef if (!$src || !$uuid);
-
-		chomp($src, $uuid);
-
-		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}i
-		    or die "doesn't look right - svm:uuid is '$uuid'\n";
-
-		# the '!' is used to mark the repos_root!/relative/path
-		$src =~ s{/?!/?}{/};
-		$src =~ s{/+$}{}; # no trailing slashes please
-		# username is of no interest
-		$src =~ s{(^[a-z\+]*://)[^/@]*@}{$1};
-
-		my $replace = $ra->{url};
-		$replace .= "/$path" if length $path;
-
-		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
-		tmp_config("$section.svm-source", $src);
-		tmp_config("$section.svm-replace", $replace);
-		tmp_config("$section.svm-uuid", $uuid);
-		$self->{svm} = {
-			source => $src,
-			uuid => $uuid,
-			replace => $replace
-		};
-	}
-
-	my $r = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
-	my $path = $self->{path};
-	my %tried;
-	while (length $path) {
-		unless ($tried{"$self->{url}/$path"}) {
-			return $ra if $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
-			$tried{"$self->{url}/$path"} = 1;
-		}
-		$path =~ s#/?[^/]+$##;
-	}
-	die "Path: '$path' should be ''\n" if $path ne '';
-	return $ra if $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
-	$tried{"$self->{url}/$path"} = 1;
-
-	if ($ra->{repos_root} eq $self->{url}) {
-		die @err, (map { "  $_\n" } keys %tried), "\n";
-	}
-
-	# nope, make sure we're connected to the repository root:
-	my $ok;
-	my @tried_b;
-	$path = $ra->{svn_path};
-	$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra->{repos_root});
-	while (length $path) {
-		unless ($tried{"$ra->{url}/$path"}) {
-			$ok = $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
-			last if $ok;
-			$tried{"$ra->{url}/$path"} = 1;
-		}
-		$path =~ s#/?[^/]+$##;
-	}
-	die "Path: '$path' should be ''\n" if $path ne '';
-	$ok ||= $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
-	$tried{"$ra->{url}/$path"} = 1;
-	if (!$ok) {
-		die @err, (map { "  $_\n" } keys %tried), "\n";
-	}
-	Git::SVN::Ra->new($self->{url});
-}
-
-sub svnsync {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{svnsync} if $self->{svnsync};
-
-	if ($self->no_metadata) {
-		die "Can't have both 'noMetadata' and ",
-		    "'useSvnsyncProps' options set!\n";
-	}
-	if ($self->rewrite_root) {
-		die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
-		    "options set!\n";
-	}
-	if ($self->rewrite_uuid) {
-		die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and 'rewriteUUID' ",
-		    "options set!\n";
-	}
-
-	my $svnsync;
-	# see if we have it in our config, first:
-	eval {
-		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
-
-		my $url = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-url");
-		($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
-		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
-
-		my $uuid = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-uuid");
-		($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
-		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
-
-		$svnsync = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid }
-	};
-	if ($svnsync && $svnsync->{url} && $svnsync->{uuid}) {
-		return $self->{svnsync} = $svnsync;
-	}
-
-	my $err = "useSvnsyncProps set, but failed to read " .
-	          "svnsync property: svn:sync-from-";
-	my $rp = $self->ra->rev_proplist(0);
-
-	my $url = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-url'} or die $err . "url\n";
-	($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
-	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
-
-	my $uuid = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-uuid'} or die $err . "uuid\n";
-	($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
-	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
-
-	my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
-	tmp_config('--add', "$section.svnsync-uuid", $uuid);
-	tmp_config('--add', "$section.svnsync-url", $url);
-	return $self->{svnsync} = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid };
-}
-
-# this allows us to memoize our SVN::Ra UUID locally and avoid a
-# remote lookup (useful for 'git svn log').
-sub ra_uuid {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	unless ($self->{ra_uuid}) {
-		my $key = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.uuid";
-		my $uuid = eval { tmp_config('--get', $key) };
-		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/i) {
-			$self->{ra_uuid} = $uuid;
-		} else {
-			die "ra_uuid called without URL\n" unless $self->{url};
-			$self->{ra_uuid} = $self->ra->get_uuid;
-			tmp_config('--add', $key, $self->{ra_uuid});
-		}
-	}
-	$self->{ra_uuid};
-}
-
-sub _set_repos_root {
-	my ($self, $repos_root) = @_;
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
-	$repos_root ||= $self->ra->{repos_root};
-	tmp_config($k, $repos_root);
-	$repos_root;
-}
-
-sub repos_root {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
-	eval { tmp_config('--get', $k) } || $self->_set_repos_root;
-}
-
-sub ra {
-	my ($self) = shift;
-	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($self->{url});
-	$self->_set_repos_root($ra->{repos_root});
-	if ($self->use_svm_props && !$self->{svm}) {
-		if ($self->no_metadata) {
-			die "Can't have both 'noMetadata' and ",
-			    "'useSvmProps' options set!\n";
-		} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
-			die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and ",
-			    "'useSvmProps' options set!\n";
-		}
-		$ra = $self->_set_svm_vars($ra);
-		$self->{-want_revprops} = 1;
-	}
-	$ra;
-}
-
-# prop_walk(PATH, REV, SUB)
-# -------------------------
-# Recursively traverse PATH at revision REV and invoke SUB for each
-# directory that contains a SVN property.  SUB will be invoked as
-# follows:  &SUB(gs, path, props);  where `gs' is this instance of
-# Git::SVN, `path' the path to the directory where the properties
-# `props' were found.  The `path' will be relative to point of checkout,
-# that is, if url://repo/trunk is the current Git branch, and that
-# directory contains a sub-directory `d', SUB will be invoked with `/d/'
-# as `path' (note the trailing `/').
-sub prop_walk {
-	my ($self, $path, $rev, $sub) = @_;
-
-	$path =~ s#^/##;
-	my ($dirent, undef, $props) = $self->ra->get_dir($path, $rev);
-	$path =~ s#^/*#/#g;
-	my $p = $path;
-	# Strip the irrelevant part of the path.
-	$p =~ s#^/+\Q$self->{path}\E(/|$)#/#;
-	# Ensure the path is terminated by a `/'.
-	$p =~ s#/*$#/#;
-
-	# The properties contain all the internal SVN stuff nobody
-	# (usually) cares about.
-	my $interesting_props = 0;
-	foreach (keys %{$props}) {
-		# If it doesn't start with `svn:', it must be a
-		# user-defined property.
-		++$interesting_props and next if $_ !~ /^svn:/;
-		# FIXME: Fragile, if SVN adds new public properties,
-		# this needs to be updated.
-		++$interesting_props if /^svn:(?:ignore|keywords|executable
-		                                 |eol-style|mime-type
-						 |externals|needs-lock)$/x;
-	}
-	&$sub($self, $p, $props) if $interesting_props;
-
-	foreach (sort keys %$dirent) {
-		next if $dirent->{$_}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
-		$self->prop_walk($self->{path} . $p . $_, $rev, $sub);
-	}
-}
-
-sub last_rev { ($_[0]->last_rev_commit)[0] }
-sub last_commit { ($_[0]->last_rev_commit)[1] }
-
-# returns the newest SVN revision number and newest commit SHA1
-sub last_rev_commit {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	if (defined $self->{last_rev} && defined $self->{last_commit}) {
-		return ($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit});
-	}
-	my $c = ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0');
-	if ($c && !$self->use_svm_props && !$self->no_metadata) {
-		my $rev = (::cmt_metadata($c))[1];
-		if (defined $rev) {
-			($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $c);
-			return ($rev, $c);
-		}
-	}
-	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
-	unless (-e $map_path) {
-		($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = (undef, undef);
-		return (undef, undef);
-	}
-	my ($rev, $commit) = $self->rev_map_max(1);
-	($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $commit);
-	return ($rev, $commit);
-}
-
-sub get_fetch_range {
-	my ($self, $min, $max) = @_;
-	$max ||= $self->ra->get_latest_revnum;
-	$min ||= $self->rev_map_max;
-	(++$min, $max);
-}
-
-sub tmp_config {
-	my (@args) = @_;
-	my $old_def_config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config";
-	my $config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.metadata";
-	if (! -f $config && -f $old_def_config) {
-		rename $old_def_config, $config or
-		       die "Failed rename $old_def_config => $config: $!\n";
-	}
-	my $old_config = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG};
-	$ENV{GIT_CONFIG} = $config;
-	$@ = undef;
-	my @ret = eval {
-		unless (-f $config) {
-			mkfile($config);
-			open my $fh, '>', $config or
-			    die "Can't open $config: $!\n";
-			print $fh "; This file is used internally by ",
-			          "git-svn\n" or die
-				  "Couldn't write to $config: $!\n";
-			print $fh "; You should not have to edit it\n" or
-			      die "Couldn't write to $config: $!\n";
-			close $fh or die "Couldn't close $config: $!\n";
-		}
-		command('config', @args);
-	};
-	my $err = $@;
-	if (defined $old_config) {
-		$ENV{GIT_CONFIG} = $old_config;
-	} else {
-		delete $ENV{GIT_CONFIG};
-	}
-	die $err if $err;
-	wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
-}
-
-sub tmp_index_do {
-	my ($self, $sub) = @_;
-	my $old_index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
-	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $self->{index};
-	$@ = undef;
-	my @ret = eval {
-		my ($dir, $base) = ($self->{index} =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-		mkpath([$dir]) unless -d $dir;
-		&$sub;
-	};
-	my $err = $@;
-	if (defined $old_index) {
-		$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $old_index;
-	} else {
-		delete $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
-	}
-	die $err if $err;
-	wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
-}
-
-sub assert_index_clean {
-	my ($self, $treeish) = @_;
-
-	$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
-		command_noisy('read-tree', $treeish) unless -e $self->{index};
-		my $x = command_oneline('write-tree');
-		my ($y) = (command(qw/cat-file commit/, $treeish) =~
-		           /^tree ($::sha1)/mo);
-		return if $y eq $x;
-
-		warn "Index mismatch: $y != $x\nrereading $treeish\n";
-		unlink $self->{index} or die "unlink $self->{index}: $!\n";
-		command_noisy('read-tree', $treeish);
-		$x = command_oneline('write-tree');
-		if ($y ne $x) {
-			::fatal "trees ($treeish) $y != $x\n",
-			        "Something is seriously wrong...";
-		}
-	});
-}
-
-sub get_commit_parents {
-	my ($self, $log_entry) = @_;
-	my (%seen, @ret, @tmp);
-	# legacy support for 'set-tree'; this is only used by set_tree_cb:
-	if (my $ip = $self->{inject_parents}) {
-		if (my $commit = delete $ip->{$log_entry->{revision}}) {
-			push @tmp, $commit;
-		}
-	}
-	if (my $cur = ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0')) {
-		push @tmp, $cur;
-	}
-	if (my $ipd = $self->{inject_parents_dcommit}) {
-		if (my $commit = delete $ipd->{$log_entry->{revision}}) {
-			push @tmp, @$commit;
-		}
-	}
-	push @tmp, $_ foreach (@{$log_entry->{parents}}, @tmp);
-	while (my $p = shift @tmp) {
-		next if $seen{$p};
-		$seen{$p} = 1;
-		push @ret, $p;
-	}
-	@ret;
-}
-
-sub rewrite_root {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{-rewrite_root} if exists $self->{-rewrite_root};
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.rewriteRoot";
-	my $rwr = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
-	if ($rwr) {
-		$rwr =~ s#/+$##;
-		if ($rwr !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
-			die "$rwr is not a valid URL (key: $k)\n";
-		}
-	}
-	$self->{-rewrite_root} = $rwr;
-}
-
-sub rewrite_uuid {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{-rewrite_uuid} if exists $self->{-rewrite_uuid};
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.rewriteUUID";
-	my $rwid = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
-	if ($rwid) {
-		$rwid =~ s#/+$##;
-		if ($rwid !~ m#^[a-f0-9]{8}-(?:[a-f0-9]{4}-){3}[a-f0-9]{12}$#) {
-			die "$rwid is not a valid UUID (key: $k)\n";
-		}
-	}
-	$self->{-rewrite_uuid} = $rwid;
-}
-
-sub metadata_url {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	($self->rewrite_root || $self->{url}) .
-	   (length $self->{path} ? '/' . $self->{path} : '');
-}
-
-sub full_url {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	$self->{url} . (length $self->{path} ? '/' . $self->{path} : '');
-}
-
-sub full_pushurl {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	if ($self->{pushurl}) {
-		return $self->{pushurl} . (length $self->{path} ? '/' .
-		       $self->{path} : '');
-	} else {
-		return $self->full_url;
-	}
-}
-
-sub set_commit_header_env {
-	my ($log_entry) = @_;
-	my %env;
-	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
-		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
-			$env{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"} = $ENV{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"};
-		}
-	}
-
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} = $log_entry->{name};
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $log_entry->{email};
-	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} = $log_entry->{date};
-
-	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_name})
-						? $log_entry->{commit_name}
-						: $log_entry->{name};
-	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_email})
-						? $log_entry->{commit_email}
-						: $log_entry->{email};
-	\%env;
-}
-
-sub restore_commit_header_env {
-	my ($env) = @_;
-	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
-		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
-			my $k = "GIT_${ac}_${ned}";
-			if (defined $env->{$k}) {
-				$ENV{$k} = $env->{$k};
-			} else {
-				delete $ENV{$k};
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub gc {
-	command_noisy('gc', '--auto');
-};
-
-sub do_git_commit {
-	my ($self, $log_entry) = @_;
-	my $lr = $self->last_rev;
-	if (defined $lr && $lr >= $log_entry->{revision}) {
-		die "Last fetched revision of ", $self->refname,
-		    " was r$lr, but we are about to fetch: ",
-		    "r$log_entry->{revision}!\n";
-	}
-	if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($log_entry->{revision})) {
-		croak "$log_entry->{revision} = $c already exists! ",
-		      "Why are we refetching it?\n";
-	}
-	my $old_env = set_commit_header_env($log_entry);
-	my $tree = $log_entry->{tree};
-	if (!defined $tree) {
-		$tree = $self->tmp_index_do(sub {
-		                            command_oneline('write-tree') });
-	}
-	die "Tree is not a valid sha1: $tree\n" if $tree !~ /^$::sha1$/o;
-
-	my @exec = ('git', 'commit-tree', $tree);
-	foreach ($self->get_commit_parents($log_entry)) {
-		push @exec, '-p', $_;
-	}
-	defined(my $pid = open3(my $msg_fh, my $out_fh, '>&STDERR', @exec))
-	                                                           or croak $!;
-	binmode $msg_fh;
-
-	# we always get UTF-8 from SVN, but we may want our commits in
-	# a different encoding.
-	if (my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding')) {
-		require Encode;
-		Encode::from_to($log_entry->{log}, 'UTF-8', $enc);
-	}
-	print $msg_fh $log_entry->{log} or croak $!;
-	restore_commit_header_env($old_env);
-	unless ($self->no_metadata) {
-		print $msg_fh "\ngit-svn-id: $log_entry->{metadata}\n"
-		              or croak $!;
-	}
-	$msg_fh->flush == 0 or croak $!;
-	close $msg_fh or croak $!;
-	chomp(my $commit = do { local $/; <$out_fh> });
-	close $out_fh or croak $!;
-	waitpid $pid, 0;
-	croak $? if $?;
-	if ($commit !~ /^$::sha1$/o) {
-		die "Failed to commit, invalid sha1: $commit\n";
-	}
-
-	$self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{revision}, $commit, 1);
-
-	$self->{last_rev} = $log_entry->{revision};
-	$self->{last_commit} = $commit;
-	print "r$log_entry->{revision}" unless $::_q > 1;
-	if (defined $log_entry->{svm_revision}) {
-		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})" unless $::_q > 1;
-		 $self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{svm_revision}, $commit,
-		                   0, $self->svm_uuid);
-	}
-	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n" unless $::_q > 1;
-	if (--$_gc_nr == 0) {
-		$_gc_nr = $_gc_period;
-		gc();
-	}
-	return $commit;
-}
-
-sub match_paths {
-	my ($self, $paths, $r) = @_;
-	return 1 if $self->{path} eq '';
-	if (my $path = $paths->{"/$self->{path}"}) {
-		return ($path->{action} eq 'D') ? 0 : 1;
-	}
-	$self->{path_regex} ||= qr/^\/\Q$self->{path}\E\//;
-	if (grep /$self->{path_regex}/, keys %$paths) {
-		return 1;
-	}
-	my $c = '';
-	foreach (split m#/#, $self->{path}) {
-		$c .= "/$_";
-		next unless ($paths->{$c} &&
-		             ($paths->{$c}->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/));
-		if ($self->ra->check_path($self->{path}, $r) ==
-		    $SVN::Node::dir) {
-			return 1;
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub find_parent_branch {
-	my ($self, $paths, $rev) = @_;
-	return undef unless $self->follow_parent;
-	unless (defined $paths) {
-		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
-		$SVN::Error::handler = \&Git::SVN::Ra::skip_unknown_revs;
-		$self->ra->get_log([$self->{path}], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1,
-				   sub { $paths = $_[0] });
-		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
-	}
-	return undef unless defined $paths;
-
-	# look for a parent from another branch:
-	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->{path};
-	my @a_path_components;
-	my $i;
-	while (@b_path_components) {
-		$i = $paths->{'/'.join('/', @b_path_components)};
-		last if $i && defined $i->{copyfrom_path};
-		unshift(@a_path_components, pop(@b_path_components));
-	}
-	return undef unless defined $i && defined $i->{copyfrom_path};
-	my $branch_from = $i->{copyfrom_path};
-	if (@a_path_components) {
-		print STDERR "branch_from: $branch_from => ";
-		$branch_from .= '/'.join('/', @a_path_components);
-		print STDERR $branch_from, "\n";
-	}
-	my $r = $i->{copyfrom_rev};
-	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
-	my $url = $self->ra->{url};
-	my $new_url = $url . $branch_from;
-	print STDERR  "Found possible branch point: ",
-	              "$new_url => ", $self->full_url, ", $r\n"
-	              unless $::_q > 1;
-	$branch_from =~ s#^/##;
-	my $gs = $self->other_gs($new_url, $url,
-		                 $branch_from, $r, $self->{ref_id});
-	my ($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
-	{
-		my ($base, $head);
-		if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
-			($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument(0, $r);
-		} else {
-			if ($r0 < $r) {
-				$gs->ra->get_log([$gs->{path}], $r0 + 1, $r, 1,
-					0, 1, sub { $base = $_[1] - 1 });
-			}
-		}
-		if (defined $base && $base <= $r) {
-			$gs->fetch($base, $r);
-		}
-		($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
-	}
-	if (defined $r0 && defined $parent) {
-		print STDERR "Found branch parent: ($self->{ref_id}) $parent\n"
-		             unless $::_q > 1;
-		my $ed;
-		if ($self->ra->can_do_switch) {
-			$self->assert_index_clean($parent);
-			print STDERR "Following parent with do_switch\n"
-			             unless $::_q > 1;
-			# do_switch works with svn/trunk >= r22312, but that
-			# is not included with SVN 1.4.3 (the latest version
-			# at the moment), so we can't rely on it
-			$self->{last_rev} = $r0;
-			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
-			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self, $gs->{path});
-			$gs->ra->gs_do_switch($r0, $rev, $gs,
-					      $self->full_url, $ed)
-			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
-		} elsif ($self->ra->trees_match($new_url, $r0,
-			                        $self->full_url, $rev)) {
-			print STDERR "Trees match:\n",
-			             "  $new_url\@$r0\n",
-			             "  ${\$self->full_url}\@$rev\n",
-			             "Following parent with no changes\n"
-			             unless $::_q > 1;
-			$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
-			    command_noisy('read-tree', $parent);
-			});
-			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
-		} else {
-			print STDERR "Following parent with do_update\n"
-			             unless $::_q > 1;
-			$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
-			$self->ra->gs_do_update($rev, $rev, $self, $ed)
-			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
-		}
-		print STDERR "Successfully followed parent\n" unless $::_q > 1;
-		return $self->make_log_entry($rev, [$parent], $ed);
-	}
-	return undef;
-}
-
-sub do_fetch {
-	my ($self, $paths, $rev) = @_;
-	my $ed;
-	my ($last_rev, @parents);
-	if (my $lc = $self->last_commit) {
-		# we can have a branch that was deleted, then re-added
-		# under the same name but copied from another path, in
-		# which case we'll have multiple parents (we don't
-		# want to break the original ref, nor lose copypath info):
-		if (my $log_entry = $self->find_parent_branch($paths, $rev)) {
-			push @{$log_entry->{parents}}, $lc;
-			return $log_entry;
-		}
-		$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
-		$last_rev = $self->{last_rev};
-		$ed->{c} = $lc;
-		@parents = ($lc);
-	} else {
-		$last_rev = $rev;
-		if (my $log_entry = $self->find_parent_branch($paths, $rev)) {
-			return $log_entry;
-		}
-		$ed = SVN::Git::Fetcher->new($self);
-	}
-	unless ($self->ra->gs_do_update($last_rev, $rev, $self, $ed)) {
-		die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
-	}
-	$self->make_log_entry($rev, \@parents, $ed);
-}
-
-sub mkemptydirs {
-	my ($self, $r) = @_;
-
-	sub scan {
-		my ($r, $empty_dirs, $line) = @_;
-		if (defined $r && $line =~ /^r(\d+)$/) {
-			return 0 if $1 > $r;
-		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \+empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
-			$empty_dirs->{$1} = 1;
-		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \-empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
-			my @d = grep {m[^\Q$1\E(/|$)]} (keys %$empty_dirs);
-			delete @$empty_dirs{@d};
-		}
-		1; # continue
-	};
-
-	my %empty_dirs = ();
-	my $gz_file = "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log.gz";
-	if (-f $gz_file) {
-		if (!$can_compress) {
-			warn "Compress::Zlib could not be found; ",
-			     "empty directories in $gz_file will not be read\n";
-		} else {
-			my $gz = Compress::Zlib::gzopen($gz_file, "rb") or
-				die "Unable to open $gz_file: $!\n";
-			my $line;
-			while ($gz->gzreadline($line) > 0) {
-				scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $line) or last;
-			}
-			$gz->gzclose;
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (open my $fh, '<', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log") {
-		binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
-		while (<$fh>) {
-			scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $_) or last;
-		}
-		close $fh;
-	}
-
-	my $strip = qr/\A\Q$self->{path}\E(?:\/|$)/;
-	foreach my $d (sort keys %empty_dirs) {
-		$d = uri_decode($d);
-		$d =~ s/$strip//;
-		next unless length($d);
-		next if -d $d;
-		if (-e $d) {
-			warn "$d exists but is not a directory\n";
-		} else {
-			print "creating empty directory: $d\n";
-			mkpath([$d]);
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub get_untracked {
-	my ($self, $ed) = @_;
-	my @out;
-	my $h = $ed->{empty};
-	foreach (sort keys %$h) {
-		my $act = $h->{$_} ? '+empty_dir' : '-empty_dir';
-		push @out, "  $act: " . uri_encode($_);
-		warn "W: $act: $_\n";
-	}
-	foreach my $t (qw/dir_prop file_prop/) {
-		$h = $ed->{$t} or next;
-		foreach my $path (sort keys %$h) {
-			my $ppath = $path eq '' ? '.' : $path;
-			foreach my $prop (sort keys %{$h->{$path}}) {
-				next if $SKIP_PROP{$prop};
-				my $v = $h->{$path}->{$prop};
-				my $t_ppath_prop = "$t: " .
-				                    uri_encode($ppath) . ' ' .
-				                    uri_encode($prop);
-				if (defined $v) {
-					push @out, "  +$t_ppath_prop " .
-					           uri_encode($v);
-				} else {
-					push @out, "  -$t_ppath_prop";
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	foreach my $t (qw/absent_file absent_directory/) {
-		$h = $ed->{$t} or next;
-		foreach my $parent (sort keys %$h) {
-			foreach my $path (sort @{$h->{$parent}}) {
-				push @out, "  $t: " .
-				           uri_encode("$parent/$path");
-				warn "W: $t: $parent/$path ",
-				     "Insufficient permissions?\n";
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	\@out;
-}
-
-# parse_svn_date(DATE)
-# --------------------
-# Given a date (in UTC) from Subversion, return a string in the format
-# "<TZ Offset> <local date/time>" that Git will use.
-#
-# By default the parsed date will be in UTC; if $Git::SVN::_localtime
-# is true we'll convert it to the local timezone instead.
-sub parse_svn_date {
-	my $date = shift || return '+0000 1970-01-01 00:00:00';
-	my ($Y,$m,$d,$H,$M,$S) = ($date =~ /^(\d{4})\-(\d\d)\-(\d\d)T
-	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d)\.\d*Z$/x) or
-	                                 croak "Unable to parse date: $date\n";
-	my $parsed_date;    # Set next.
-
-	if ($Git::SVN::_localtime) {
-		# Translate the Subversion datetime to an epoch time.
-		# Begin by switching ourselves to $date's timezone, UTC.
-		my $old_env_TZ = $ENV{TZ};
-		$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
-
-		my $epoch_in_UTC =
-		    POSIX::strftime('%s', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
-
-		# Determine our local timezone (including DST) at the
-		# time of $epoch_in_UTC.  $Git::SVN::Log::TZ stored the
-		# value of TZ, if any, at the time we were run.
-		if (defined $Git::SVN::Log::TZ) {
-			$ENV{TZ} = $Git::SVN::Log::TZ;
-		} else {
-			delete $ENV{TZ};
-		}
-
-		my $our_TZ =
-		    POSIX::strftime('%Z', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
-
-		# This converts $epoch_in_UTC into our local timezone.
-		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year,
-		    $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($epoch_in_UTC);
-
-		$parsed_date = sprintf('%s %04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d',
-				       $our_TZ, $year + 1900, $mon + 1,
-				       $mday, $hour, $min, $sec);
-
-		# Reset us to the timezone in effect when we entered
-		# this routine.
-		if (defined $old_env_TZ) {
-			$ENV{TZ} = $old_env_TZ;
-		} else {
-			delete $ENV{TZ};
-		}
-	} else {
-		$parsed_date = "+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
-	}
-
-	return $parsed_date;
-}
-
-sub other_gs {
-	my ($self, $new_url, $url,
-	    $branch_from, $r, $old_ref_id) = @_;
-	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $url, $branch_from);
-	unless ($gs) {
-		my $ref_id = $old_ref_id;
-		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+-*$//;
-		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
-		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
-		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
-		my ($u, $p, $repo_id) = ($new_url, '', $ref_id);
-		if ($u =~ s#^\Q$url\E(/|$)##) {
-			$p = $u;
-			$u = $url;
-			$repo_id = $self->{repo_id};
-		}
-		while (1) {
-			# It is possible to tag two different subdirectories at
-			# the same revision.  If the url for an existing ref
-			# does not match, we must either find a ref with a
-			# matching url or create a new ref by growing a tail.
-			$gs = Git::SVN->init($u, $p, $repo_id, $ref_id, 1);
-			my (undef, $max_commit) = $gs->rev_map_max(1);
-			last if (!$max_commit);
-			my ($url) = ::cmt_metadata($max_commit);
-			last if ($url eq $gs->metadata_url);
-			$ref_id .= '-';
-		}
-		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n" unless $::_q > 1;
-	}
-	$gs
-}
-
-sub call_authors_prog {
-	my ($orig_author) = @_;
-	$orig_author = command_oneline('rev-parse', '--sq-quote', $orig_author);
-	my $author = `$::_authors_prog $orig_author`;
-	if ($? != 0) {
-		die "$::_authors_prog failed with exit code $?\n"
-	}
-	if ($author =~ /^\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/) {
-		my ($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
-		$email = undef if length $2 == 0;
-		return [$name, $email];
-	} else {
-		die "Author: $orig_author: $::_authors_prog returned "
-			. "invalid author format: $author\n";
-	}
-}
-
-sub check_author {
-	my ($author) = @_;
-	if (!defined $author || length $author == 0) {
-		$author = '(no author)';
-	}
-	if (!defined $::users{$author}) {
-		if (defined $::_authors_prog) {
-			$::users{$author} = call_authors_prog($author);
-		} elsif (defined $::_authors) {
-			die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
-		}
-	}
-	$author;
-}
-
-sub find_extra_svk_parents {
-	my ($self, $ed, $tickets, $parents) = @_;
-	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
-	my @tickets = split "\n", $tickets;
-	my @known_parents;
-	for my $ticket ( @tickets ) {
-		my ($uuid, $path, $rev) = split /:/, $ticket;
-		if ( $uuid eq $self->ra_uuid ) {
-			my $url = $self->{url};
-			my $repos_root = $url;
-			my $branch_from = $path;
-			$branch_from =~ s{^/}{};
-			my $gs = $self->other_gs($repos_root."/".$branch_from,
-			                         $url,
-			                         $branch_from,
-			                         $rev,
-			                         $self->{ref_id});
-			if ( my $commit = $gs->rev_map_get($rev, $uuid) ) {
-				# wahey!  we found it, but it might be
-				# an old one (!)
-				push @known_parents, [ $rev, $commit ];
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	# Ordering matters; highest-numbered commit merge tickets
-	# first, as they may account for later merge ticket additions
-	# or changes.
-	@known_parents = map {$_->[1]} sort {$b->[0] <=> $a->[0]} @known_parents;
-	for my $parent ( @known_parents ) {
-		my @cmd = ('rev-list', $parent, map { "^$_" } @$parents );
-		my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@cmd);
-		my $new;
-		while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
-			$new=1;last;
-		}
-		command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
-		if ( $new ) {
-			print STDERR
-			    "Found merge parent (svk:merge ticket): $parent\n";
-			push @$parents, $parent;
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub lookup_svn_merge {
-	my $uuid = shift;
-	my $url = shift;
-	my $merge = shift;
-
-	my ($source, $revs) = split ":", $merge;
-	my $path = $source;
-	$path =~ s{^/}{};
-	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($url.$source, $url, $path);
-	if ( !$gs ) {
-		warn "Couldn't find revmap for $url$source\n";
-		return;
-	}
-	my @ranges = split ",", $revs;
-	my ($tip, $tip_commit);
-	my @merged_commit_ranges;
-	# find the tip
-	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
-		my ($bottom, $top) = split "-", $range;
-		$top ||= $bottom;
-		my $bottom_commit = $gs->find_rev_after( $bottom, 1, $top );
-		my $top_commit = $gs->find_rev_before( $top, 1, $bottom );
-
-		unless ($top_commit and $bottom_commit) {
-			warn "W:unknown path/rev in svn:mergeinfo "
-				."dirprop: $source:$range\n";
-			next;
-		}
-
-		if (scalar(command('rev-parse', "$bottom_commit^@"))) {
-			push @merged_commit_ranges,
-			     "$bottom_commit^..$top_commit";
-		} else {
-			push @merged_commit_ranges, "$top_commit";
-		}
-
-		if ( !defined $tip or $top > $tip ) {
-			$tip = $top;
-			$tip_commit = $top_commit;
-		}
-	}
-	return ($tip_commit, @merged_commit_ranges);
-}
-
-sub _rev_list {
-	my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(
-		"rev-list", @_,
-	       );
-	my @rv;
-	while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
-		chomp;
-		push @rv, $_;
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
-	@rv;
-}
-
-sub check_cherry_pick {
-	my $base = shift;
-	my $tip = shift;
-	my $parents = shift;
-	my @ranges = @_;
-	my %commits = map { $_ => 1 }
-		_rev_list("--no-merges", $tip, "--not", $base, @$parents, "--");
-	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
-		delete @commits{_rev_list($range, "--")};
-	}
-	for my $commit (keys %commits) {
-		if (has_no_changes($commit)) {
-			delete $commits{$commit};
-		}
-	}
-	return (keys %commits);
-}
-
-sub has_no_changes {
-	my $commit = shift;
-
-	my @revs = split / /, command_oneline(
-		qw(rev-list --parents -1 -m), $commit);
-
-	# Commits with no parents, e.g. the start of a partial branch,
-	# have changes by definition.
-	return 1 if (@revs < 2);
-
-	# Commits with multiple parents, e.g a merge, have no changes
-	# by definition.
-	return 0 if (@revs > 2);
-
-	return (command_oneline("rev-parse", "$commit^{tree}") eq
-		command_oneline("rev-parse", "$commit~1^{tree}"));
-}
-
-# The GIT_DIR environment variable is not always set until after the command
-# line arguments are processed, so we can't memoize in a BEGIN block.
-{
-	my $memoized = 0;
-
-	sub memoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions {
-		return if $memoized;
-		$memoized = 1;
-
-		my $cache_path = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.caches/";
-		mkpath([$cache_path]) unless -d $cache_path;
-
-		tie my %lookup_svn_merge_cache => 'Memoize::Storable',
-		    "$cache_path/lookup_svn_merge.db", 'nstore';
-		memoize 'lookup_svn_merge',
-			SCALAR_CACHE => 'FAULT',
-			LIST_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%lookup_svn_merge_cache],
-		;
-
-		tie my %check_cherry_pick_cache => 'Memoize::Storable',
-		    "$cache_path/check_cherry_pick.db", 'nstore';
-		memoize 'check_cherry_pick',
-			SCALAR_CACHE => 'FAULT',
-			LIST_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%check_cherry_pick_cache],
-		;
-
-		tie my %has_no_changes_cache => 'Memoize::Storable',
-		    "$cache_path/has_no_changes.db", 'nstore';
-		memoize 'has_no_changes',
-			SCALAR_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%has_no_changes_cache],
-			LIST_CACHE => 'FAULT',
-		;
-	}
-
-	sub unmemoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions {
-		return if not $memoized;
-		$memoized = 0;
-
-		Memoize::unmemoize 'lookup_svn_merge';
-		Memoize::unmemoize 'check_cherry_pick';
-		Memoize::unmemoize 'has_no_changes';
-	}
-
-	Memoize::memoize 'Git::SVN::repos_root';
-}
-
-END {
-	# Force cache writeout explicitly instead of waiting for
-	# global destruction to avoid segfault in Storable:
-	# http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=36087
-	unmemoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions();
-}
-
-sub parents_exclude {
-	my $parents = shift;
-	my @commits = @_;
-	return unless @commits;
-
-	my @excluded;
-	my $excluded;
-	do {
-		my @cmd = ('rev-list', "-1", @commits, "--not", @$parents );
-		$excluded = command_oneline(@cmd);
-		if ( $excluded ) {
-			my @new;
-			my $found;
-			for my $commit ( @commits ) {
-				if ( $commit eq $excluded ) {
-					push @excluded, $commit;
-					$found++;
-					last;
-				}
-				else {
-					push @new, $commit;
-				}
-			}
-			die "saw commit '$excluded' in rev-list output, "
-				."but we didn't ask for that commit (wanted: @commits --not @$parents)"
-					unless $found;
-			@commits = @new;
-		}
-	}
-		while ($excluded and @commits);
-
-	return @excluded;
-}
-
-
-# note: this function should only be called if the various dirprops
-# have actually changed
-sub find_extra_svn_parents {
-	my ($self, $ed, $mergeinfo, $parents) = @_;
-	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
-
-	memoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions();
-
-	# We first search for merged tips which are not in our
-	# history.  Then, we figure out which git revisions are in
-	# that tip, but not this revision.  If all of those revisions
-	# are now marked as merge, we can add the tip as a parent.
-	my @merges = split "\n", $mergeinfo;
-	my @merge_tips;
-	my $url = $self->{url};
-	my $uuid = $self->ra_uuid;
-	my %ranges;
-	for my $merge ( @merges ) {
-		my ($tip_commit, @ranges) =
-			lookup_svn_merge( $uuid, $url, $merge );
-		unless (!$tip_commit or
-				grep { $_ eq $tip_commit } @$parents ) {
-			push @merge_tips, $tip_commit;
-			$ranges{$tip_commit} = \@ranges;
-		} else {
-			push @merge_tips, undef;
-		}
-	}
-
-	my %excluded = map { $_ => 1 }
-		parents_exclude($parents, grep { defined } @merge_tips);
-
-	# check merge tips for new parents
-	my @new_parents;
-	for my $merge_tip ( @merge_tips ) {
-		my $spec = shift @merges;
-		next unless $merge_tip and $excluded{$merge_tip};
-
-		my $ranges = $ranges{$merge_tip};
-
-		# check out 'new' tips
-		my $merge_base;
-		eval {
-			$merge_base = command_oneline(
-				"merge-base",
-				@$parents, $merge_tip,
-			);
-		};
-		if ($@) {
-			die "An error occurred during merge-base"
-				unless $@->isa("Git::Error::Command");
-
-			warn "W: Cannot find common ancestor between ".
-			     "@$parents and $merge_tip. Ignoring merge info.\n";
-			next;
-		}
-
-		# double check that there are no missing non-merge commits
-		my (@incomplete) = check_cherry_pick(
-			$merge_base, $merge_tip,
-			$parents,
-			@$ranges,
-		       );
-
-		if ( @incomplete ) {
-			warn "W:svn cherry-pick ignored ($spec) - missing "
-				.@incomplete." commit(s) (eg $incomplete[0])\n";
-		} else {
-			warn
-				"Found merge parent (svn:mergeinfo prop): ",
-					$merge_tip, "\n";
-			push @new_parents, $merge_tip;
-		}
-	}
-
-	# cater for merges which merge commits from multiple branches
-	if ( @new_parents > 1 ) {
-		for ( my $i = 0; $i <= $#new_parents; $i++ ) {
-			for ( my $j = 0; $j <= $#new_parents; $j++ ) {
-				next if $i == $j;
-				next unless $new_parents[$i];
-				next unless $new_parents[$j];
-				my $revs = command_oneline(
-					"rev-list", "-1",
-					"$new_parents[$i]..$new_parents[$j]",
-				       );
-				if ( !$revs ) {
-					undef($new_parents[$j]);
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	push @$parents, grep { defined } @new_parents;
-}
-
-sub make_log_entry {
-	my ($self, $rev, $parents, $ed) = @_;
-	my $untracked = $self->get_untracked($ed);
-
-	my @parents = @$parents;
-	my $ps = $ed->{path_strip} || "";
-	for my $path ( grep { m/$ps/ } %{$ed->{dir_prop}} ) {
-		my $props = $ed->{dir_prop}{$path};
-		if ( $props->{"svk:merge"} ) {
-			$self->find_extra_svk_parents
-				($ed, $props->{"svk:merge"}, \@parents);
-		}
-		if ( $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"} ) {
-			$self->find_extra_svn_parents
-				($ed,
-				 $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"},
-				 \@parents);
-		}
-	}
-
-	open my $un, '>>', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log" or croak $!;
-	print $un "r$rev\n" or croak $!;
-	print $un $_, "\n" foreach @$untracked;
-	my %log_entry = ( parents => \@parents, revision => $rev,
-	                  log => '');
-
-	my $headrev;
-	my $logged = delete $self->{logged_rev_props};
-	if (!$logged || $self->{-want_revprops}) {
-		my $rp = $self->ra->rev_proplist($rev);
-		foreach (sort keys %$rp) {
-			my $v = $rp->{$_};
-			if (/^svn:(author|date|log)$/) {
-				$log_entry{$1} = $v;
-			} elsif ($_ eq 'svm:headrev') {
-				$headrev = $v;
-			} else {
-				print $un "  rev_prop: ", uri_encode($_), ' ',
-					  uri_encode($v), "\n";
-			}
-		}
-	} else {
-		map { $log_entry{$_} = $logged->{$_} } keys %$logged;
-	}
-	close $un or croak $!;
-
-	$log_entry{date} = parse_svn_date($log_entry{date});
-	$log_entry{log} .= "\n";
-	my $author = $log_entry{author} = check_author($log_entry{author});
-	my ($name, $email) = defined $::users{$author} ? @{$::users{$author}}
-						       : ($author, undef);
-
-	my ($commit_name, $commit_email) = ($name, $email);
-	if ($_use_log_author) {
-		my $name_field;
-		if ($log_entry{log} =~ /From:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
-			$name_field = $1;
-		} elsif ($log_entry{log} =~ /Signed-off-by:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
-			$name_field = $1;
-		}
-		if (!defined $name_field) {
-			if (!defined $email) {
-				$email = $name;
-			}
-		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*?)\s+<(.*)>/) {
-			($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
-		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*)@/) {
-			($name, $email) = ($1, $name_field);
-		} else {
-			($name, $email) = ($name_field, $name_field);
-		}
-	}
-	if (defined $headrev && $self->use_svm_props) {
-		if ($self->rewrite_root) {
-			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
-			    "options set!\n";
-		}
-		if ($self->rewrite_uuid) {
-			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteUUID' ",
-			    "options set!\n";
-		}
-		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$}i;
-		# we don't want "SVM: initializing mirror for junk" ...
-		return undef if $r == 0;
-		my $svm = $self->svm;
-		if ($uuid ne $svm->{uuid}) {
-			die "UUID mismatch on SVM path:\n",
-			    "expected: $svm->{uuid}\n",
-			    "     got: $uuid\n";
-		}
-		my $full_url = $self->full_url;
-		$full_url =~ s#^\Q$svm->{replace}\E(/|$)#$svm->{source}$1# or
-		             die "Failed to replace '$svm->{replace}' with ",
-		                 "'$svm->{source}' in $full_url\n";
-		# throw away username for storing in records
-		remove_username($full_url);
-		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$r $uuid";
-		$log_entry{svm_revision} = $r;
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-	} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
-		my $full_url = $self->svnsync->{url};
-		$full_url .= "/$self->{path}" if length $self->{path};
-		remove_username($full_url);
-		my $uuid = $self->svnsync->{uuid};
-		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$rev $uuid";
-		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
-	} else {
-		my $url = $self->metadata_url;
-		remove_username($url);
-		my $uuid = $self->rewrite_uuid || $self->ra->get_uuid;
-		$log_entry{metadata} = "$url\@$rev " . $uuid;
-		$email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
-		$commit_email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
-	}
-	$log_entry{name} = $name;
-	$log_entry{email} = $email;
-	$log_entry{commit_name} = $commit_name;
-	$log_entry{commit_email} = $commit_email;
-	\%log_entry;
-}
-
-sub fetch {
-	my ($self, $min_rev, $max_rev, @parents) = @_;
-	my ($last_rev, $last_commit) = $self->last_rev_commit;
-	my ($base, $head) = $self->get_fetch_range($min_rev, $max_rev);
-	$self->ra->gs_fetch_loop_common($base, $head, [$self]);
-}
-
-sub set_tree_cb {
-	my ($self, $log_entry, $tree, $rev, $date, $author) = @_;
-	$self->{inject_parents} = { $rev => $tree };
-	$self->fetch(undef, undef);
-}
-
-sub set_tree {
-	my ($self, $tree) = (shift, shift);
-	my $log_entry = ::get_commit_entry($tree);
-	unless ($self->{last_rev}) {
-		::fatal("Must have an existing revision to commit");
-	}
-	my %ed_opts = ( r => $self->{last_rev},
-	                log => $log_entry->{log},
-	                ra => $self->ra,
-	                tree_a => $self->{last_commit},
-	                tree_b => $tree,
-	                editor_cb => sub {
-			       $self->set_tree_cb($log_entry, $tree, @_) },
-	                svn_path => $self->{path} );
-	if (!SVN::Git::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
-		print "No changes\nr$self->{last_rev} = $tree\n";
-	}
-}
-
-sub rebuild_from_rev_db {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	my $r = -1;
-	open my $fh, '<', $path or croak "open: $!";
-	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		length($_) == 41 or croak "inconsistent size in ($_) != 41";
-		chomp($_);
-		++$r;
-		next if $_ eq ('0' x 40);
-		$self->rev_map_set($r, $_);
-		print "r$r = $_\n";
-	}
-	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
-	unlink $path or croak "unlink: $!";
-}
-
-sub rebuild {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
-	my $partial = (-e $map_path && ! -z $map_path);
-	return unless ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0');
-	if (!$partial && ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata)) {
-		my $rev_db = $self->rev_db_path;
-		$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($rev_db);
-		if ($self->use_svm_props) {
-			my $svm_rev_db = $self->rev_db_path($self->svm_uuid);
-			$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($svm_rev_db);
-		}
-		$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
-		return;
-	}
-	print "Rebuilding $map_path ...\n" if (!$partial);
-	my ($base_rev, $head) = ($partial ? $self->rev_map_max_norebuild(1) :
-		(undef, undef));
-	my ($log, $ctx) =
-	    command_output_pipe(qw/rev-list --pretty=raw --no-color --reverse/,
-				($head ? "$head.." : "") . $self->refname,
-				'--');
-	my $metadata_url = $self->metadata_url;
-	remove_username($metadata_url);
-	my $svn_uuid = $self->rewrite_uuid || $self->ra_uuid;
-	my $c;
-	while (<$log>) {
-		if ( m{^commit ($::sha1)$} ) {
-			$c = $1;
-			next;
-		}
-		next unless s{^\s*(git-svn-id:)}{$1};
-		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ::extract_metadata($_);
-		remove_username($url);
-
-		# ignore merges (from set-tree)
-		next if (!defined $rev || !$uuid);
-
-		# if we merged or otherwise started elsewhere, this is
-		# how we break out of it
-		if (($uuid ne $svn_uuid) ||
-		    ($metadata_url && $url && ($url ne $metadata_url))) {
-			next;
-		}
-		if ($partial && $head) {
-			print "Partial-rebuilding $map_path ...\n";
-			print "Currently at $base_rev = $head\n";
-			$head = undef;
-		}
-
-		$self->rev_map_set($rev, $c);
-		print "r$rev = $c\n";
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($log, $ctx);
-	print "Done rebuilding $map_path\n" if (!$partial || !$head);
-	my $rev_db_path = $self->rev_db_path;
-	if (-f $self->rev_db_path) {
-		unlink $self->rev_db_path or croak "unlink: $!";
-	}
-	$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
-}
-
-# rev_map:
-# Tie::File seems to be prone to offset errors if revisions get sparse,
-# it's not that fast, either.  Tie::File is also not in Perl 5.6.  So
-# one of my favorite modules is out :<  Next up would be one of the DBM
-# modules, but I'm not sure which is most portable...
-#
-# This is the replacement for the rev_db format, which was too big
-# and inefficient for large repositories with a lot of sparse history
-# (mainly tags)
-#
-# The format is this:
-#   - 24 bytes for every record,
-#     * 4 bytes for the integer representing an SVN revision number
-#     * 20 bytes representing the sha1 of a git commit
-#   - No empty padding records like the old format
-#     (except the last record, which can be overwritten)
-#   - new records are written append-only since SVN revision numbers
-#     increase monotonically
-#   - lookups on SVN revision number are done via a binary search
-#   - Piping the file to xxd -c24 is a good way of dumping it for
-#     viewing or editing (piped back through xxd -r), should the need
-#     ever arise.
-#   - The last record can be padding revision with an all-zero sha1
-#     This is used to optimize fetch performance when using multiple
-#     "fetch" directives in .git/config
-#
-# These files are disposable unless noMetadata or useSvmProps is set
-
-sub _rev_map_set {
-	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
-
-	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
-	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
-	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
-
-	my $wr_offset = 0;
-	if ($size > 0) {
-		sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
-		my $read = sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) or croak "read: $!";
-		$read == 24 or croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
-		my ($last_rev, $last_commit) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
-		if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
-			if ($size >= 48) {
-				sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
-				$read = sysread($fh, $buf, 24) or
-				    croak "read: $!";
-				$read == 24 or
-				    croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
-				($last_rev, $last_commit) =
-				    unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
-				if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
-					croak "inconsistent .rev_map\n";
-				}
-			}
-			if ($last_rev >= $rev) {
-				croak "last_rev is higher!: $last_rev >= $rev";
-			}
-			$wr_offset = -24;
-		}
-	}
-	sysseek($fh, $wr_offset, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
-	syswrite($fh, pack(rev_map_fmt, $rev, $commit), 24) == 24 or
-	  croak "write: $!";
-}
-
-sub _rev_map_reset {
-	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
-	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
-	$c eq $commit or die "_rev_map_reset(@_) commit $c does not match!\n";
-	my $offset = sysseek($fh, 0, SEEK_CUR) or croak "seek: $!";
-	truncate $fh, $offset or croak "truncate: $!";
-}
-
-sub mkfile {
-	my ($path) = @_;
-	unless (-e $path) {
-		my ($dir, $base) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-		mkpath([$dir]) unless -d $dir;
-		open my $fh, '>>', $path or die "Couldn't create $path: $!\n";
-		close $fh or die "Couldn't close (create) $path: $!\n";
-	}
-}
-
-sub rev_map_set {
-	my ($self, $rev, $commit, $update_ref, $uuid) = @_;
-	defined $commit or die "missing arg3\n";
-	length $commit == 40 or die "arg3 must be a full SHA1 hexsum\n";
-	my $db = $self->map_path($uuid);
-	my $db_lock = "$db.lock";
-	my $sig;
-	$update_ref ||= 0;
-	if ($update_ref) {
-		$SIG{INT} = $SIG{HUP} = $SIG{TERM} = $SIG{ALRM} = $SIG{PIPE} =
-		            $SIG{USR1} = $SIG{USR2} = sub { $sig = $_[0] };
-	}
-	mkfile($db);
-
-	$LOCKFILES{$db_lock} = 1;
-	my $sync;
-	# both of these options make our .rev_db file very, very important
-	# and we can't afford to lose it because rebuild() won't work
-	if ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata) {
-		$sync = 1;
-		copy($db, $db_lock) or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
-					   "Failed to copy: ",
-					   "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
-	} else {
-		rename $db, $db_lock or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
-					    "Failed to rename: ",
-					    "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
-	}
-
-	sysopen(my $fh, $db_lock, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)
-	     or croak "Couldn't open $db_lock: $!\n";
-	$update_ref eq 'reset' ? _rev_map_reset($fh, $rev, $commit) :
-				 _rev_map_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
-	if ($sync) {
-		$fh->flush or die "Couldn't flush $db_lock: $!\n";
-		$fh->sync or die "Couldn't sync $db_lock: $!\n";
-	}
-	close $fh or croak $!;
-	if ($update_ref) {
-		$_head = $self;
-		my $note = "";
-		$note = " ($update_ref)" if ($update_ref !~ /^\d*$/);
-		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev$note",
-		              $self->refname, $commit);
-	}
-	rename $db_lock, $db or die "rev_map_set(@_): ", "Failed to rename: ",
-	                            "$db_lock => $db ($!)\n";
-	delete $LOCKFILES{$db_lock};
-	if ($update_ref) {
-		$SIG{INT} = $SIG{HUP} = $SIG{TERM} = $SIG{ALRM} = $SIG{PIPE} =
-		            $SIG{USR1} = $SIG{USR2} = 'DEFAULT';
-		kill $sig, $$ if defined $sig;
-	}
-}
-
-# If want_commit, this will return an array of (rev, commit) where
-# commit _must_ be a valid commit in the archive.
-# Otherwise, it'll return the max revision (whether or not the
-# commit is valid or just a 0x40 placeholder).
-sub rev_map_max {
-	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
-	$self->rebuild;
-	my ($r, $c) = $self->rev_map_max_norebuild($want_commit);
-	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
-}
-
-sub rev_map_max_norebuild {
-	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
-	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
-	stat $map_path or return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
-	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
-	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
-	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
-	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
-
-	if ($size == 0) {
-		close $fh or croak "close: $!";
-		return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
-	}
-
-	sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
-	sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
-	my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
-	if ($want_commit && $c eq ('0' x40)) {
-		if ($size < 48) {
-			return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
-		}
-		sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
-		sysread($fh, $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
-		($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
-		if ($c eq ('0'x40)) {
-			croak "Penultimate record is all-zeroes in $map_path";
-		}
-	}
-	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
-	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
-}
-
-sub rev_map_get {
-	my ($self, $rev, $uuid) = @_;
-	my $map_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
-	return undef unless -e $map_path;
-
-	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
-	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
-	close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
-	$c
-}
-
-sub _rev_map_get {
-	my ($fh, $rev) = @_;
-
-	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
-	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
-	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
-
-	if ($size == 0) {
-		return undef;
-	}
-
-	my ($l, $u) = (0, $size - 24);
-	my ($r, $c, $buf);
-
-	while ($l <= $u) {
-		my $i = int(($l/24 + $u/24) / 2) * 24;
-		sysseek($fh, $i, SEEK_SET) or croak "seek: $!";
-		sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
-		my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
-
-		if ($r < $rev) {
-			$l = $i + 24;
-		} elsif ($r > $rev) {
-			$u = $i - 24;
-		} else { # $r == $rev
-			return $c eq ('0' x 40) ? undef : $c;
-		}
-	}
-	undef;
-}
-
-# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
-# before $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any lower
-# than $min_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
-# if found, else (undef, undef).
-sub find_rev_before {
-	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $min_rev) = @_;
-	--$rev unless $eq_ok;
-	$min_rev ||= 1;
-	my $max_rev = $self->rev_map_max;
-	$rev = $max_rev if ($rev > $max_rev);
-	while ($rev >= $min_rev) {
-		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
-			return ($rev, $c);
-		}
-		--$rev;
-	}
-	return (undef, undef);
-}
-
-# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
-# after $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any higher
-# than $max_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
-# if found, else (undef, undef).
-sub find_rev_after {
-	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $max_rev) = @_;
-	++$rev unless $eq_ok;
-	$max_rev ||= $self->rev_map_max;
-	while ($rev <= $max_rev) {
-		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
-			return ($rev, $c);
-		}
-		++$rev;
-	}
-	return (undef, undef);
-}
-
-sub _new {
-	my ($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path) = @_;
-	unless (defined $repo_id && length $repo_id) {
-		$repo_id = $Git::SVN::default_repo_id;
-	}
-	unless (defined $ref_id && length $ref_id) {
-		$_prefix = '' unless defined($_prefix);
-		$_[2] = $ref_id =
-		             "refs/remotes/$_prefix$Git::SVN::default_ref_id";
-	}
-	$_[1] = $repo_id;
-	my $dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$ref_id";
-
-	# Older repos imported by us used $GIT_DIR/svn/foo instead of
-	# $GIT_DIR/svn/refs/remotes/foo when tracking refs/remotes/foo
-	if ($ref_id =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.*)}) {
-		my $old_dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$1";
-		if (-d $old_dir && ! -d $dir) {
-			$dir = $old_dir;
-		}
-	}
-
-	$_[3] = $path = '' unless (defined $path);
-	mkpath([$dir]);
-	bless {
-		ref_id => $ref_id, dir => $dir, index => "$dir/index",
-	        path => $path, config => "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config",
-	        map_root => "$dir/.rev_map", repo_id => $repo_id }, $class;
-}
-
-# for read-only access of old .rev_db formats
-sub unlink_rev_db_symlink {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $link = $self->rev_db_path;
-	$link =~ s/\.[\w-]+$// or croak "missing UUID at the end of $link";
-	if (-l $link) {
-		unlink $link or croak "unlink: $link failed!";
-	}
-}
-
-sub rev_db_path {
-	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
-	my $db_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
-	$db_path =~ s{/\.rev_map\.}{/\.rev_db\.}
-	    or croak "map_path: $db_path does not contain '/.rev_map.' !";
-	$db_path;
-}
-
-# the new replacement for .rev_db
-sub map_path {
-	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
-	$uuid ||= $self->ra_uuid;
-	"$self->{map_root}.$uuid";
-}
-
-sub uri_encode {
-	my ($f) = @_;
-	$f =~ s#([^a-zA-Z0-9\*!\:_\./\-])#uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))#eg;
-	$f
-}
-
-sub uri_decode {
-	my ($f) = @_;
-	$f =~ s#%([0-9a-fA-F]{2})#chr(hex($1))#eg;
-	$f
-}
-
-sub remove_username {
-	$_[0] =~ s{^([^:]*://)[^@]+@}{$1};
-}
-
-package Git::SVN::Prompt;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-require SVN::Core;
-use vars qw/$_no_auth_cache $_username/;
-
-sub simple {
-	my ($cred, $realm, $default_username, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
-	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
-	$default_username = $_username if defined $_username;
-	if (defined $default_username && length $default_username) {
-		if (defined $realm && length $realm) {
-			print STDERR "Authentication realm: $realm\n";
-			STDERR->flush;
-		}
-		$cred->username($default_username);
-	} else {
-		username($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool);
-	}
-	$cred->password(_read_password("Password for '" .
-	                               $cred->username . "': ", $realm));
-	$cred->may_save($may_save);
-	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-sub ssl_server_trust {
-	my ($cred, $realm, $failures, $cert_info, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
-	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
-	print STDERR "Error validating server certificate for '$realm':\n";
-	{
-		no warnings 'once';
-		# All variables SVN::Auth::SSL::* are used only once,
-		# so we're shutting up Perl warnings about this.
-		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::UNKNOWNCA) {
-			print STDERR " - The certificate is not issued ",
-			    "by a trusted authority. Use the\n",
-			    "   fingerprint to validate ",
-			    "the certificate manually!\n";
-		}
-		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::CNMISMATCH) {
-			print STDERR " - The certificate hostname ",
-			    "does not match.\n";
-		}
-		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::NOTYETVALID) {
-			print STDERR " - The certificate is not yet valid.\n";
-		}
-		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::EXPIRED) {
-			print STDERR " - The certificate has expired.\n";
-		}
-		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::OTHER) {
-			print STDERR " - The certificate has ",
-			    "an unknown error.\n";
-		}
-	} # no warnings 'once'
-	printf STDERR
-	        "Certificate information:\n".
-	        " - Hostname: %s\n".
-	        " - Valid: from %s until %s\n".
-	        " - Issuer: %s\n".
-	        " - Fingerprint: %s\n",
-	        map $cert_info->$_, qw(hostname valid_from valid_until
-	                               issuer_dname fingerprint);
-	my $choice;
-prompt:
-	print STDERR $may_save ?
-	      "(R)eject, accept (t)emporarily or accept (p)ermanently? " :
-	      "(R)eject or accept (t)emporarily? ";
-	STDERR->flush;
-	$choice = lc(substr(<STDIN> || 'R', 0, 1));
-	if ($choice =~ /^t$/i) {
-		$cred->may_save(undef);
-	} elsif ($choice =~ /^r$/i) {
-		return -1;
-	} elsif ($may_save && $choice =~ /^p$/i) {
-		$cred->may_save($may_save);
-	} else {
-		goto prompt;
-	}
-	$cred->accepted_failures($failures);
-	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-sub ssl_client_cert {
-	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
-	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
-	print STDERR "Client certificate filename: ";
-	STDERR->flush;
-	chomp(my $filename = <STDIN>);
-	$cred->cert_file($filename);
-	$cred->may_save($may_save);
-	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-sub ssl_client_cert_pw {
-	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
-	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
-	$cred->password(_read_password("Password: ", $realm));
-	$cred->may_save($may_save);
-	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-sub username {
-	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
-	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
-	if (defined $realm && length $realm) {
-		print STDERR "Authentication realm: $realm\n";
-	}
-	my $username;
-	if (defined $_username) {
-		$username = $_username;
-	} else {
-		print STDERR "Username: ";
-		STDERR->flush;
-		chomp($username = <STDIN>);
-	}
-	$cred->username($username);
-	$cred->may_save($may_save);
-	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
-}
-
-sub _read_password {
-	my ($prompt, $realm) = @_;
-	my $password = '';
-	if (exists $ENV{GIT_ASKPASS}) {
-		open(PH, "-|", $ENV{GIT_ASKPASS}, $prompt);
-		$password = <PH>;
-		$password =~ s/[\012\015]//; # \n\r
-		close(PH);
-	} else {
-		print STDERR $prompt;
-		STDERR->flush;
-		require Term::ReadKey;
-		Term::ReadKey::ReadMode('noecho');
-		while (defined(my $key = Term::ReadKey::ReadKey(0))) {
-			last if $key =~ /[\012\015]/; # \n\r
-			$password .= $key;
-		}
-		Term::ReadKey::ReadMode('restore');
-		print STDERR "\n";
-		STDERR->flush;
-	}
-	$password;
-}
-
-package SVN::Git::Fetcher;
-use vars qw/@ISA $_ignore_regex $_preserve_empty_dirs $_placeholder_filename
-            @deleted_gpath %added_placeholder $repo_id/;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Carp qw/croak/;
-use File::Basename qw/dirname/;
-use IO::File qw//;
-
-# file baton members: path, mode_a, mode_b, pool, fh, blob, base
-sub new {
-	my ($class, $git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
-	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new;
-	bless $self, $class;
-	if (exists $git_svn->{last_commit}) {
-		$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit};
-		$self->{empty_symlinks} =
-		                  _mark_empty_symlinks($git_svn, $switch_path);
-	}
-
-	# some options are read globally, but can be overridden locally
-	# per [svn-remote "..."] section.  Command-line options will *NOT*
-	# override options set in an [svn-remote "..."] section
-	$repo_id = $git_svn->{repo_id};
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.ignore-paths";
-	my $v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
-	$self->{ignore_regex} = $v;
-
-	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.preserve-empty-dirs";
-	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', '--bool', $k) };
-	if ($v && $v eq 'true') {
-		$_preserve_empty_dirs = 1;
-		$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.placeholder-filename";
-		$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
-		$_placeholder_filename = $v;
-	}
-
-	# Load the list of placeholder files added during previous invocations.
-	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.added-placeholder";
-	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get-all', $k) };
-	if ($_preserve_empty_dirs && $v) {
-		# command() prints errors to stderr, so we only call it if
-		# command_oneline() succeeded.
-		my @v = command('config', '--get-all', $k);
-		$added_placeholder{ dirname($_) } = $_ foreach @v;
-	}
-
-	$self->{empty} = {};
-	$self->{dir_prop} = {};
-	$self->{file_prop} = {};
-	$self->{absent_dir} = {};
-	$self->{absent_file} = {};
-	$self->{gii} = $git_svn->tmp_index_do(sub { Git::IndexInfo->new });
-	$self->{pathnameencoding} = Git::config('svn.pathnameencoding');
-	$self;
-}
-
-# this uses the Ra object, so it must be called before do_{switch,update},
-# not inside them (when the Git::SVN::Fetcher object is passed) to
-# do_{switch,update}
-sub _mark_empty_symlinks {
-	my ($git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
-	my $bool = Git::config_bool('svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround');
-	return {} if (!defined($bool)) || (defined($bool) && ! $bool);
-
-	my %ret;
-	my ($rev, $cmt) = $git_svn->last_rev_commit;
-	return {} unless ($rev && $cmt);
-
-	# allow the warning to be printed for each revision we fetch to
-	# ensure the user sees it.  The user can also disable the workaround
-	# on the repository even while git svn is running and the next
-	# revision fetched will skip this expensive function.
-	my $printed_warning;
-	chomp(my $empty_blob = `git hash-object -t blob --stdin < /dev/null`);
-	my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree -r -z/, $cmt);
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	my $pfx = defined($switch_path) ? $switch_path : $git_svn->{path};
-	$pfx .= '/' if length($pfx);
-	while (<$ls>) {
-		chomp;
-		s/\A100644 blob $empty_blob\t//o or next;
-		unless ($printed_warning) {
-			print STDERR "Scanning for empty symlinks, ",
-			             "this may take a while if you have ",
-				     "many empty files\n",
-				     "You may disable this with `",
-				     "git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround ",
-				     "false'.\n",
-				     "This may be done in a different ",
-				     "terminal without restarting ",
-				     "git svn\n";
-			$printed_warning = 1;
-		}
-		my $path = $_;
-		my (undef, $props) =
-		               $git_svn->ra->get_file($pfx.$path, $rev, undef);
-		if ($props->{'svn:special'}) {
-			$ret{$path} = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
-	\%ret;
-}
-
-# returns true if a given path is inside a ".git" directory
-sub in_dot_git {
-	$_[0] =~ m{(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$)};
-}
-
-# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
-sub is_path_ignored {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	return 1 if in_dot_git($path);
-	return 1 if defined($self->{ignore_regex}) &&
-	            $path =~ m!$self->{ignore_regex}!;
-	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_regex);
-	return 1 if $path =~ m!$_ignore_regex!o;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub set_path_strip {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	$self->{path_strip} = qr/^\Q$path\E(\/|$)/ if length $path;
-}
-
-sub open_root {
-	{ path => '' };
-}
-
-sub open_directory {
-	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
-	{ path => $path };
-}
-
-sub git_path {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	if (my $enc = $self->{pathnameencoding}) {
-		require Encode;
-		Encode::from_to($path, 'UTF-8', $enc);
-	}
-	if ($self->{path_strip}) {
-		$path =~ s!$self->{path_strip}!! or
-		  die "Failed to strip path '$path' ($self->{path_strip})\n";
-	}
-	$path;
-}
-
-sub delete_entry {
-	my ($self, $path, $rev, $pb) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
-
-	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-	return undef if ($gpath eq '');
-
-	# remove entire directories.
-	my ($tree) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
-	                 =~ /\A040000 tree ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
-	if ($tree) {
-		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
-		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
-				                     $tree);
-		local $/ = "\0";
-		while (<$ls>) {
-			chomp;
-			my $rmpath = "$gpath/$_";
-			$self->{gii}->remove($rmpath);
-			print "\tD\t$rmpath\n" unless $::_q;
-		}
-		print "\tD\t$gpath/\n" unless $::_q;
-		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
-	} else {
-		$self->{gii}->remove($gpath);
-		print "\tD\t$gpath\n" unless $::_q;
-	}
-	# Don't add to @deleted_gpath if we're deleting a placeholder file.
-	push @deleted_gpath, $gpath unless $added_placeholder{dirname($path)};
-	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub open_file {
-	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
-	my ($mode, $blob);
-
-	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
-
-	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-	($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
-	                     =~ /\A(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
-	unless (defined $mode && defined $blob) {
-		die "$path was not found in commit $self->{c} (r$rev)\n";
-	}
-	if ($mode eq '100644' && $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$path}) {
-		$mode = '120000';
-	}
-out:
-	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode, blob => $blob,
-	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'M' };
-}
-
-sub add_file {
-	my ($self, $path, $pb, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
-	my $mode;
-
-	if (!$self->is_path_ignored($path)) {
-		my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-		delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
-		$mode = '100644';
-
-		if ($added_placeholder{$dir}) {
-			# Remove our placeholder file, if we created one.
-			delete_entry($self, $added_placeholder{$dir})
-				unless $path eq $added_placeholder{$dir};
-			delete $added_placeholder{$dir}
-		}
-	}
-
-	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode,
-	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'A' };
-}
-
-sub add_directory {
-	my ($self, $path, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
-	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
-	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-	if ($gpath eq '') {
-		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
-		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
-				                     $self->{c});
-		local $/ = "\0";
-		while (<$ls>) {
-			chomp;
-			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
-			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
-			push @deleted_gpath, $gpath;
-		}
-		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
-		$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
-	}
-	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
-	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 1;
-
-	if ($added_placeholder{$dir}) {
-		# Remove our placeholder file, if we created one.
-		delete_entry($self, $added_placeholder{$dir});
-		delete $added_placeholder{$dir}
-	}
-
-out:
-	{ path => $path };
-}
-
-sub change_dir_prop {
-	my ($self, $db, $prop, $value) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($db->{path});
-	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}} ||= {};
-	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub absent_directory {
-	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
-	$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
-	push @{$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub absent_file {
-	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
-	$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
-	push @{$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub change_file_prop {
-	my ($self, $fb, $prop, $value) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
-	if ($prop eq 'svn:executable') {
-		if ($fb->{mode_b} != 120000) {
-			$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 100755 : 100644;
-		}
-	} elsif ($prop eq 'svn:special') {
-		$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 120000 : 100644;
-	} else {
-		$self->{file_prop}->{$fb->{path}} ||= {};
-		$self->{file_prop}->{$fb->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
-	}
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub apply_textdelta {
-	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
-	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire('svn_delta');
-	# $fh gets auto-closed() by SVN::TxDelta::apply(),
-	# (but $base does not,) so dup() it for reading in close_file
-	open my $dup, '<&', $fh or croak $!;
-	my $base = $::_repository->temp_acquire('git_blob');
-
-	if ($fb->{blob}) {
-		my ($base_is_link, $size);
-
-		if ($fb->{mode_a} eq '120000' &&
-		    ! $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$fb->{path}}) {
-			print $base 'link ' or die "print $!\n";
-			$base_is_link = 1;
-		}
-	retry:
-		$size = $::_repository->cat_blob($fb->{blob}, $base);
-		die "Failed to read object $fb->{blob}" if ($size < 0);
-
-		if (defined $exp) {
-			seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-			my $got = ::md5sum($base);
-			if ($got ne $exp) {
-				my $err = "Checksum mismatch: ".
-				       "$fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n" .
-				       "expected: $exp\n" .
-				       "     got: $got\n";
-				if ($base_is_link) {
-					warn $err,
-					     "Retrying... (possibly ",
-					     "a bad symlink from SVN)\n";
-					$::_repository->temp_reset($base);
-					$base_is_link = 0;
-					goto retry;
-				}
-				die $err;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-	$fb->{fh} = $fh;
-	$fb->{base} = $base;
-	[ SVN::TxDelta::apply($base, $dup, undef, $fb->{path}, $fb->{pool}) ];
-}
-
-sub close_file {
-	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
-	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
-
-	my $hash;
-	my $path = $self->git_path($fb->{path});
-	if (my $fh = $fb->{fh}) {
-		if (defined $exp) {
-			seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
-			my $got = ::md5sum($fh);
-			if ($got ne $exp) {
-				die "Checksum mismatch: $path\n",
-				    "expected: $exp\n    got: $got\n";
-			}
-		}
-		if ($fb->{mode_b} == 120000) {
-			sysseek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
-			my $rd = sysread($fh, my $buf, 5);
-
-			if (!defined $rd) {
-				croak "sysread: $!\n";
-			} elsif ($rd == 0) {
-				warn "$path has mode 120000",
-				     " but it points to nothing\n",
-				     "converting to an empty file with mode",
-				     " 100644\n";
-				$fb->{mode_b} = '100644';
-			} elsif ($buf ne 'link ') {
-				warn "$path has mode 120000",
-				     " but is not a link\n";
-			} else {
-				my $tmp_fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire(
-					'svn_hash');
-				my $res;
-				while ($res = sysread($fh, my $str, 1024)) {
-					my $out = syswrite($tmp_fh, $str, $res);
-					defined($out) && $out == $res
-						or croak("write ",
-							Git::temp_path($tmp_fh),
-							": $!\n");
-				}
-				defined $res or croak $!;
-
-				($fh, $tmp_fh) = ($tmp_fh, $fh);
-				Git::temp_release($tmp_fh, 1);
-			}
-		}
-
-		$hash = $::_repository->hash_and_insert_object(
-				Git::temp_path($fh));
-		$hash =~ /^[a-f\d]{40}$/ or die "not a sha1: $hash\n";
-
-		Git::temp_release($fb->{base}, 1);
-		Git::temp_release($fh, 1);
-	} else {
-		$hash = $fb->{blob} or die "no blob information\n";
-	}
-	$fb->{pool}->clear;
-	$self->{gii}->update($fb->{mode_b}, $hash, $path) or croak $!;
-	print "\t$fb->{action}\t$path\n" if $fb->{action} && ! $::_q;
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub abort_edit {
-	my $self = shift;
-	$self->{nr} = $self->{gii}->{nr};
-	delete $self->{gii};
-	$self->SUPER::abort_edit(@_);
-}
-
-sub close_edit {
-	my $self = shift;
-
-	if ($_preserve_empty_dirs) {
-		my @empty_dirs;
-
-		# Any entry flagged as empty that also has an associated
-		# dir_prop represents a newly created empty directory.
-		foreach my $i (keys %{$self->{empty}}) {
-			push @empty_dirs, $i if exists $self->{dir_prop}->{$i};
-		}
-
-		# Search for directories that have become empty due subsequent
-		# file deletes.
-		push @empty_dirs, $self->find_empty_directories();
-
-		# Finally, add a placeholder file to each empty directory.
-		$self->add_placeholder_file($_) foreach (@empty_dirs);
-
-		$self->stash_placeholder_list();
-	}
-
-	$self->{git_commit_ok} = 1;
-	$self->{nr} = $self->{gii}->{nr};
-	delete $self->{gii};
-	$self->SUPER::close_edit(@_);
-}
-
-sub find_empty_directories {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my @empty_dirs;
-	my %dirs = map { dirname($_) => 1 } @deleted_gpath;
-
-	foreach my $dir (sort keys %dirs) {
-		next if $dir eq ".";
-
-		# If there have been any additions to this directory, there is
-		# no reason to check if it is empty.
-		my $skip_added = 0;
-		foreach my $t (qw/dir_prop file_prop/) {
-			foreach my $path (keys %{ $self->{$t} }) {
-				if (exists $self->{$t}->{dirname($path)}) {
-					$skip_added = 1;
-					last;
-				}
-			}
-			last if $skip_added;
-		}
-		next if $skip_added;
-
-		# Use `git ls-tree` to get the filenames of this directory
-		# that existed prior to this particular commit.
-		my $ls = command('ls-tree', '-z', '--name-only',
-				 $self->{c}, "$dir/");
-		my %files = map { $_ => 1 } split(/\0/, $ls);
-
-		# Remove the filenames that were deleted during this commit.
-		delete $files{$_} foreach (@deleted_gpath);
-
-		# Report the directory if there are no filenames left.
-		push @empty_dirs, $dir unless (scalar %files);
-	}
-	@empty_dirs;
-}
-
-sub add_placeholder_file {
-	my ($self, $dir) = @_;
-	my $path = "$dir/$_placeholder_filename";
-	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
-
-	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire($gpath);
-	my $hash = $::_repository->hash_and_insert_object(Git::temp_path($fh));
-	Git::temp_release($fh, 1);
-	$self->{gii}->update('100644', $hash, $gpath) or croak $!;
-
-	# The directory should no longer be considered empty.
-	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir} if exists $self->{empty}->{$dir};
-
-	# Keep track of any placeholder files we create.
-	$added_placeholder{$dir} = $path;
-}
-
-sub stash_placeholder_list {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.added-placeholder";
-	my $v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get-all', $k) };
-	command_noisy('config', '--unset-all', $k) if $v;
-	foreach (values %added_placeholder) {
-		command_noisy('config', '--add', $k, $_);
-	}
-}
-
-package SVN::Git::Editor;
-use vars qw/@ISA $_rmdir $_cp_similarity $_find_copies_harder $_rename_limit/;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Carp qw/croak/;
-use IO::File;
-
-sub new {
-	my ($class, $opts) = @_;
-	foreach (qw/svn_path r ra tree_a tree_b log editor_cb/) {
-		die "$_ required!\n" unless (defined $opts->{$_});
-	}
-
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	my $mods = generate_diff($opts->{tree_a}, $opts->{tree_b});
-	my $types = check_diff_paths($opts->{ra}, $opts->{svn_path},
-	                             $opts->{r}, $mods);
-
-	# $opts->{ra} functions should not be used after this:
-	my @ce  = $opts->{ra}->get_commit_editor($opts->{log},
-	                                        $opts->{editor_cb}, $pool);
-	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new(@ce, $pool);
-	bless $self, $class;
-	foreach (qw/svn_path r tree_a tree_b/) {
-		$self->{$_} = $opts->{$_};
-	}
-	$self->{url} = $opts->{ra}->{url};
-	$self->{mods} = $mods;
-	$self->{types} = $types;
-	$self->{pool} = $pool;
-	$self->{bat} = { '' => $self->open_root($self->{r}, $self->{pool}) };
-	$self->{rm} = { };
-	$self->{path_prefix} = length $self->{svn_path} ?
-	                       "$self->{svn_path}/" : '';
-	$self->{config} = $opts->{config};
-	$self->{mergeinfo} = $opts->{mergeinfo};
-	return $self;
-}
-
-sub generate_diff {
-	my ($tree_a, $tree_b) = @_;
-	my @diff_tree = qw(diff-tree -z -r);
-	if ($_cp_similarity) {
-		push @diff_tree, "-C$_cp_similarity";
-	} else {
-		push @diff_tree, '-C';
-	}
-	push @diff_tree, '--find-copies-harder' if $_find_copies_harder;
-	push @diff_tree, "-l$_rename_limit" if defined $_rename_limit;
-	push @diff_tree, $tree_a, $tree_b;
-	my ($diff_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@diff_tree);
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	my $state = 'meta';
-	my @mods;
-	while (<$diff_fh>) {
-		chomp $_; # this gets rid of the trailing "\0"
-		if ($state eq 'meta' && /^:(\d{6})\s(\d{6})\s
-					($::sha1)\s($::sha1)\s
-					([MTCRAD])\d*$/xo) {
-			push @mods, {	mode_a => $1, mode_b => $2,
-					sha1_a => $3, sha1_b => $4,
-					chg => $5 };
-			if ($5 =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
-				$state = 'file_a';
-			} else {
-				$state = 'file_b';
-			}
-		} elsif ($state eq 'file_a') {
-			my $x = $mods[$#mods] or croak "Empty array\n";
-			if ($x->{chg} !~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
-				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
-			}
-			$x->{file_a} = $_;
-			$state = 'file_b';
-		} elsif ($state eq 'file_b') {
-			my $x = $mods[$#mods] or croak "Empty array\n";
-			if (exists $x->{file_a} && $x->{chg} !~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
-				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
-			}
-			if (!exists $x->{file_a} && $x->{chg} =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
-				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
-			}
-			$x->{file_b} = $_;
-			$state = 'meta';
-		} else {
-			croak "Error parsing $_\n";
-		}
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($diff_fh, $ctx);
-	\@mods;
-}
-
-sub check_diff_paths {
-	my ($ra, $pfx, $rev, $mods) = @_;
-	my %types;
-	$pfx .= '/' if length $pfx;
-
-	sub type_diff_paths {
-		my ($ra, $types, $path, $rev) = @_;
-		my @p = split m#/+#, $path;
-		my $c = shift @p;
-		unless (defined $types->{$c}) {
-			$types->{$c} = $ra->check_path($c, $rev);
-		}
-		while (@p) {
-			$c .= '/' . shift @p;
-			next if defined $types->{$c};
-			$types->{$c} = $ra->check_path($c, $rev);
-		}
-	}
-
-	foreach my $m (@$mods) {
-		foreach my $f (qw/file_a file_b/) {
-			next unless defined $m->{$f};
-			my ($dir) = ($m->{$f} =~ m#^(.*?)/?(?:[^/]+)$#);
-			if (length $pfx.$dir && ! defined $types{$dir}) {
-				type_diff_paths($ra, \%types, $pfx.$dir, $rev);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	\%types;
-}
-
-sub split_path {
-	return ($_[0] =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
-}
-
-sub repo_path {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	if (my $enc = $self->{pathnameencoding}) {
-		require Encode;
-		Encode::from_to($path, $enc, 'UTF-8');
-	}
-	$self->{path_prefix}.(defined $path ? $path : '');
-}
-
-sub url_path {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
-		$path =~ s!([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./-])!uc sprintf("%%%02x",ord($1))!eg;
-	}
-	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
-}
-
-sub rmdirs {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $rm = $self->{rm};
-	delete $rm->{''}; # we never delete the url we're tracking
-	return unless %$rm;
-
-	foreach (keys %$rm) {
-		my @d = split m#/#, $_;
-		my $c = shift @d;
-		$rm->{$c} = 1;
-		while (@d) {
-			$c .= '/' . shift @d;
-			$rm->{$c} = 1;
-		}
-	}
-	delete $rm->{$self->{svn_path}};
-	delete $rm->{''}; # we never delete the url we're tracking
-	return unless %$rm;
-
-	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree --name-only -r -z/,
-	                                     $self->{tree_b});
-	local $/ = "\0";
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		chomp;
-		my @dn = split m#/#, $_;
-		while (pop @dn) {
-			delete $rm->{join '/', @dn};
-		}
-		unless (%$rm) {
-			close $fh;
-			return;
-		}
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
-
-	my ($r, $p, $bat) = ($self->{r}, $self->{pool}, $self->{bat});
-	foreach my $d (sort { $b =~ tr#/#/# <=> $a =~ tr#/#/# } keys %$rm) {
-		$self->close_directory($bat->{$d}, $p);
-		my ($dn) = ($d =~ m#^(.*?)/?(?:[^/]+)$#);
-		print "\tD+\t$d/\n" unless $::_q;
-		$self->SUPER::delete_entry($d, $r, $bat->{$dn}, $p);
-		delete $bat->{$d};
-	}
-}
-
-sub open_or_add_dir {
-	my ($self, $full_path, $baton) = @_;
-	my $t = $self->{types}->{$full_path};
-	if (!defined $t) {
-		die "$full_path not known in r$self->{r} or we have a bug!\n";
-	}
-	{
-		no warnings 'once';
-		# SVN::Node::none and SVN::Node::file are used only once,
-		# so we're shutting up Perl's warnings about them.
-		if ($t == $SVN::Node::none) {
-			return $self->add_directory($full_path, $baton,
-			    undef, -1, $self->{pool});
-		} elsif ($t == $SVN::Node::dir) {
-			return $self->open_directory($full_path, $baton,
-			    $self->{r}, $self->{pool});
-		} # no warnings 'once'
-		print STDERR "$full_path already exists in repository at ",
-		    "r$self->{r} and it is not a directory (",
-		    ($t == $SVN::Node::file ? 'file' : 'unknown'),"/$t)\n";
-	} # no warnings 'once'
-	exit 1;
-}
-
-sub ensure_path {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	my $bat = $self->{bat};
-	my $repo_path = $self->repo_path($path);
-	return $bat->{''} unless (length $repo_path);
-	my @p = split m#/+#, $repo_path;
-	my $c = shift @p;
-	$bat->{$c} ||= $self->open_or_add_dir($c, $bat->{''});
-	while (@p) {
-		my $c0 = $c;
-		$c .= '/' . shift @p;
-		$bat->{$c} ||= $self->open_or_add_dir($c, $bat->{$c0});
-	}
-	return $bat->{$c};
-}
-
-# Subroutine to convert a globbing pattern to a regular expression.
-# From perl cookbook.
-sub glob2pat {
-	my $globstr = shift;
-	my %patmap = ('*' => '.*', '?' => '.', '[' => '[', ']' => ']');
-	$globstr =~ s{(.)} { $patmap{$1} || "\Q$1" }ge;
-	return '^' . $globstr . '$';
-}
-
-sub check_autoprop {
-	my ($self, $pattern, $properties, $file, $fbat) = @_;
-	# Convert the globbing pattern to a regular expression.
-	my $regex = glob2pat($pattern);
-	# Check if the pattern matches the file name.
-	if($file =~ m/($regex)/) {
-		# Parse the list of properties to set.
-		my @props = split(/;/, $properties);
-		foreach my $prop (@props) {
-			# Parse 'name=value' syntax and set the property.
-			if ($prop =~ /([^=]+)=(.*)/) {
-				my ($n,$v) = ($1,$2);
-				for ($n, $v) {
-					s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//;
-				}
-				$self->change_file_prop($fbat, $n, $v);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub apply_autoprops {
-	my ($self, $file, $fbat) = @_;
-	my $conf_t = ${$self->{config}}{'config'};
-	no warnings 'once';
-	# Check [miscellany]/enable-auto-props in svn configuration.
-	if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool(
-		$conf_t,
-		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_MISCELLANY,
-		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_ENABLE_AUTO_PROPS,
-		0)) {
-		# Auto-props are enabled.  Enumerate them to look for matches.
-		my $callback = sub {
-			$self->check_autoprop($_[0], $_[1], $file, $fbat);
-		};
-		SVN::_Core::svn_config_enumerate(
-			$conf_t,
-			$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTO_PROPS,
-			$callback);
-	}
-}
-
-sub A {
-	my ($self, $m) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
-	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
-					undef, -1);
-	print "\tA\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
-	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
-	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
-	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub C {
-	my ($self, $m) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
-	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
-				$self->url_path($m->{file_a}), $self->{r});
-	print "\tC\t$m->{file_a} => $m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
-	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
-	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub delete_entry {
-	my ($self, $path, $pbat) = @_;
-	my $rpath = $self->repo_path($path);
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($rpath);
-	$self->{rm}->{$dir} = 1;
-	$self->SUPER::delete_entry($rpath, $self->{r}, $pbat, $self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub R {
-	my ($self, $m) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
-	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
-				$self->url_path($m->{file_a}), $self->{r});
-	print "\tR\t$m->{file_a} => $m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
-	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
-	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
-	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
-
-	($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_a});
-	$pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	$self->delete_entry($m->{file_a}, $pbat);
-}
-
-sub M {
-	my ($self, $m) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
-	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	my $fbat = $self->open_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}),
-				$pbat,$self->{r},$self->{pool});
-	print "\t$m->{chg}\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
-	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
-	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub T { shift->M(@_) }
-
-sub change_file_prop {
-	my ($self, $fbat, $pname, $pval) = @_;
-	$self->SUPER::change_file_prop($fbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub change_dir_prop {
-	my ($self, $pbat, $pname, $pval) = @_;
-	$self->SUPER::change_dir_prop($pbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub _chg_file_get_blob ($$$$) {
-	my ($self, $fbat, $m, $which) = @_;
-	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire("git_blob_$which");
-	if ($m->{"mode_$which"} =~ /^120/) {
-		print $fh 'link ' or croak $!;
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special','*');
-	} elsif ($m->{mode_a} =~ /^120/ && $m->{"mode_$which"} !~ /^120/) {
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special',undef);
-	}
-	my $blob = $m->{"sha1_$which"};
-	return ($fh,) if ($blob =~ /^0{40}$/);
-	my $size = $::_repository->cat_blob($blob, $fh);
-	croak "Failed to read object $blob" if ($size < 0);
-	$fh->flush == 0 or croak $!;
-	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-
-	my $exp = ::md5sum($fh);
-	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
-	return ($fh, $exp);
-}
-
-sub chg_file {
-	my ($self, $fbat, $m) = @_;
-	if ($m->{mode_b} =~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} !~ /755$/) {
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable','*');
-	} elsif ($m->{mode_b} !~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} =~ /755$/) {
-		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable',undef);
-	}
-	my ($fh_a, $exp_a) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'a';
-	my ($fh_b, $exp_b) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'b';
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	my $atd = $self->apply_textdelta($fbat, $exp_a, $pool);
-	if (-s $fh_a) {
-		my $txstream = SVN::TxDelta::new ($fh_a, $fh_b, $pool);
-		my $res = SVN::TxDelta::send_txstream($txstream, @$atd, $pool);
-		if (defined $res) {
-			die "Unexpected result from send_txstream: $res\n",
-			    "(SVN::Core::VERSION: $SVN::Core::VERSION)\n";
-		}
-	} else {
-		my $got = SVN::TxDelta::send_stream($fh_b, @$atd, $pool);
-		die "Checksum mismatch\nexpected: $exp_b\ngot: $got\n"
-		    if ($got ne $exp_b);
-	}
-	Git::temp_release($fh_b, 1);
-	Git::temp_release($fh_a, 1);
-	$pool->clear;
-}
-
-sub D {
-	my ($self, $m) = @_;
-	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
-	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir);
-	print "\tD\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
-	$self->delete_entry($m->{file_b}, $pbat);
-}
-
-sub close_edit {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my ($p,$bat) = ($self->{pool}, $self->{bat});
-	foreach (sort { $b =~ tr#/#/# <=> $a =~ tr#/#/# } keys %$bat) {
-		next if $_ eq '';
-		$self->close_directory($bat->{$_}, $p);
-	}
-	$self->close_directory($bat->{''}, $p);
-	$self->SUPER::close_edit($p);
-	$p->clear;
-}
-
-sub abort_edit {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	$self->SUPER::abort_edit($self->{pool});
-}
-
-sub DESTROY {
-	my $self = shift;
-	$self->SUPER::DESTROY(@_);
-	$self->{pool}->clear;
-}
-
-# this drives the editor
-sub apply_diff {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	my $mods = $self->{mods};
-	my %o = ( D => 1, R => 0, C => -1, A => 3, M => 3, T => 3 );
-	foreach my $m (sort { $o{$a->{chg}} <=> $o{$b->{chg}} } @$mods) {
-		my $f = $m->{chg};
-		if (defined $o{$f}) {
-			$self->$f($m);
-		} else {
-			fatal("Invalid change type: $f");
-		}
-	}
-
-	if (defined($self->{mergeinfo})) {
-		$self->change_dir_prop($self->{bat}{''}, "svn:mergeinfo",
-			               $self->{mergeinfo});
-	}
-	$self->rmdirs if $_rmdir;
-	if (@$mods == 0) {
-		$self->abort_edit;
-	} else {
-		$self->close_edit;
-	}
-	return scalar @$mods;
-}
-
-package Git::SVN::Ra;
-use vars qw/@ISA $config_dir $_ignore_refs_regex $_log_window_size/;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-my ($ra_invalid, $can_do_switch, %ignored_err, $RA);
-
-BEGIN {
-	# enforce temporary pool usage for some simple functions
-	no strict 'refs';
-	for my $f (qw/rev_proplist get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root
-	              get_file/) {
-		my $SUPER = "SUPER::$f";
-		*$f = sub {
-			my $self = shift;
-			my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-			my @ret = $self->$SUPER(@_,$pool);
-			$pool->clear;
-			wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
-		};
-	}
-}
-
-sub _auth_providers () {
-	[
-	  SVN::Client::get_simple_provider(),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider(),
-	  SVN::Client::get_simple_prompt_provider(
-	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::simple, 2),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_file_provider(),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_prompt_provider(
-	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert, 2),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_file_provider(),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_prompt_provider(
-	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert_pw, 2),
-	  SVN::Client::get_username_provider(),
-	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_prompt_provider(
-	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_server_trust),
-	  SVN::Client::get_username_prompt_provider(
-	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::username, 2)
-	]
-}
-
-sub escape_uri_only {
-	my ($uri) = @_;
-	my @tmp;
-	foreach (split m{/}, $uri) {
-		s/([^~\w.%+-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
-		push @tmp, $_;
-	}
-	join('/', @tmp);
-}
-
-sub escape_url {
-	my ($url) = @_;
-	if ($url =~ m#^(https?)://([^/]+)(.*)$#) {
-		my ($scheme, $domain, $uri) = ($1, $2, escape_uri_only($3));
-		$url = "$scheme://$domain$uri";
-	}
-	$url;
-}
-
-sub new {
-	my ($class, $url) = @_;
-	$url =~ s!/+$!!;
-	return $RA if ($RA && $RA->{url} eq $url);
-
-	::_req_svn();
-
-	SVN::_Core::svn_config_ensure($config_dir, undef);
-	my ($baton, $callbacks) = SVN::Core::auth_open_helper(_auth_providers);
-	my $config = SVN::Core::config_get_config($config_dir);
-	$RA = undef;
-	my $dont_store_passwords = 1;
-	my $conf_t = ${$config}{'config'};
-	{
-		no warnings 'once';
-		# The usage of $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_* variables
-		# produces warnings that variables are used only once.
-		# I had not found the better way to shut them up, so
-		# the warnings of type 'once' are disabled in this block.
-		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
-		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
-		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_PASSWORDS,
-		    1) == 0) {
-			SVN::_Core::svn_auth_set_parameter($baton,
-			    $SVN::_Core::SVN_AUTH_PARAM_DONT_STORE_PASSWORDS,
-			    bless (\$dont_store_passwords, "_p_void"));
-		}
-		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
-		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
-		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_AUTH_CREDS,
-		    1) == 0) {
-			$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache = 1;
-		}
-	} # no warnings 'once'
-	my $self = SVN::Ra->new(url => escape_url($url), auth => $baton,
-	                      config => $config,
-			      pool => SVN::Pool->new,
-	                      auth_provider_callbacks => $callbacks);
-	$self->{url} = $url;
-	$self->{svn_path} = $url;
-	$self->{repos_root} = $self->get_repos_root;
-	$self->{svn_path} =~ s#^\Q$self->{repos_root}\E(/|$)##;
-	$self->{cache} = { check_path => { r => 0, data => {} },
-	                   get_dir => { r => 0, data => {} } };
-	$RA = bless $self, $class;
-}
-
-sub check_path {
-	my ($self, $path, $r) = @_;
-	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{check_path};
-	if ($r == $cache->{r} && exists $cache->{data}->{$path}) {
-		return $cache->{data}->{$path};
-	}
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	my $t = $self->SUPER::check_path($path, $r, $pool);
-	$pool->clear;
-	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
-		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
-		$cache->{r} = $r;
-	}
-	$cache->{data}->{$path} = $t;
-}
-
-sub get_dir {
-	my ($self, $dir, $r) = @_;
-	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{get_dir};
-	if ($r == $cache->{r}) {
-		if (my $x = $cache->{data}->{$dir}) {
-			return wantarray ? @$x : $x->[0];
-		}
-	}
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	my ($d, undef, $props) = $self->SUPER::get_dir($dir, $r, $pool);
-	my %dirents = map { $_ => { kind => $d->{$_}->kind } } keys %$d;
-	$pool->clear;
-	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
-		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
-		$cache->{r} = $r;
-	}
-	$cache->{data}->{$dir} = [ \%dirents, $r, $props ];
-	wantarray ? (\%dirents, $r, $props) : \%dirents;
-}
-
-sub DESTROY {
-	# do not call the real DESTROY since we store ourselves in $RA
-}
-
-# get_log(paths, start, end, limit,
-#         discover_changed_paths, strict_node_history, receiver)
-sub get_log {
-	my ($self, @args) = @_;
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-
-	# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
-	# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
-	# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an
-	# externally passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared
-	# pool in Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
-	my $receiver = pop @args;
-	my $prefix = "/".$self->{svn_path};
-	$prefix =~ s#/+($)##;
-	my $prefix_regex = qr#^\Q$prefix\E#;
-	push(@args, sub {
-		my ($paths) = $_[0];
-		return &$receiver(@_) unless $paths;
-		$_[0] = ();
-		foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
-			my $i = $paths->{$p};
-			# Make path relative to our url, not repos_root
-			$p =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
-			my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_; }
-				qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
-			if ($s{'copyfrom_path'}) {
-				$s{'copyfrom_path'} =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
-			}
-			$_[0]{$p} = \%s;
-		}
-		&$receiver(@_);
-	});
-
-
-	# the limit parameter was not supported in SVN 1.1.x, so we
-	# drop it.  Therefore, the receiver callback passed to it
-	# is made aware of this limitation by being wrapped if
-	# the limit passed to is being wrapped.
-	if ($SVN::Core::VERSION le '1.2.0') {
-		my $limit = splice(@args, 3, 1);
-		if ($limit > 0) {
-			my $receiver = pop @args;
-			push(@args, sub { &$receiver(@_) if (--$limit >= 0) });
-		}
-	}
-	my $ret = $self->SUPER::get_log(@args, $pool);
-	$pool->clear;
-	$ret;
-}
-
-sub trees_match {
-	my ($self, $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2) = @_;
-	my $ctx = SVN::Client->new(auth => _auth_providers);
-	my $out = IO::File->new_tmpfile;
-
-	# older SVN (1.1.x) doesn't take $pool as the last parameter for
-	# $ctx->diff(), so we'll create a default one
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new_default_sub;
-
-	$ra_invalid = 1; # this will open a new SVN::Ra connection to $url1
-	$ctx->diff([], $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2, 1, 1, 0, $out, $out);
-	$out->flush;
-	my $ret = (($out->stat)[7] == 0);
-	close $out or croak $!;
-
-	$ret;
-}
-
-sub get_commit_editor {
-	my ($self, $log, $cb, $pool) = @_;
-	my @lock = $SVN::Core::VERSION ge '1.2.0' ? (undef, 0) : ();
-	$self->SUPER::get_commit_editor($log, $cb, @lock, $pool);
-}
-
-sub gs_do_update {
-	my ($self, $rev_a, $rev_b, $gs, $editor) = @_;
-	my $new = ($rev_a == $rev_b);
-	my $path = $gs->{path};
-
-	if ($new && -e $gs->{index}) {
-		unlink $gs->{index} or die
-		  "Couldn't unlink index: $gs->{index}: $!\n";
-	}
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-	$editor->set_path_strip($path);
-	my (@pc) = split m#/#, $path;
-	my $reporter = $self->do_update($rev_b, (@pc ? shift @pc : ''),
-	                                1, $editor, $pool);
-	my @lock = $SVN::Core::VERSION ge '1.2.0' ? (undef) : ();
-
-	# Since we can't rely on svn_ra_reparent being available, we'll
-	# just have to do some magic with set_path to make it so
-	# we only want a partial path.
-	my $sp = '';
-	my $final = join('/', @pc);
-	while (@pc) {
-		$reporter->set_path($sp, $rev_b, 0, @lock, $pool);
-		$sp .= '/' if length $sp;
-		$sp .= shift @pc;
-	}
-	die "BUG: '$sp' != '$final'\n" if ($sp ne $final);
-
-	$reporter->set_path($sp, $rev_a, $new, @lock, $pool);
-
-	$reporter->finish_report($pool);
-	$pool->clear;
-	$editor->{git_commit_ok};
-}
-
-# this requires SVN 1.4.3 or later (do_switch didn't work before 1.4.3, and
-# svn_ra_reparent didn't work before 1.4)
-sub gs_do_switch {
-	my ($self, $rev_a, $rev_b, $gs, $url_b, $editor) = @_;
-	my $path = $gs->{path};
-	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-
-	my $full_url = $self->{url};
-	my $old_url = $full_url;
-	$full_url .= '/' . $path if length $path;
-	my ($ra, $reparented);
-
-	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://# ||
-	    ($full_url =~ m#^https?://# &&
-	     escape_url($full_url) ne $full_url)) {
-		$_[0] = undef;
-		$self = undef;
-		$RA = undef;
-		$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($full_url);
-		$ra_invalid = 1;
-	} elsif ($old_url ne $full_url) {
-		SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent($self->{session}, $full_url, $pool);
-		$self->{url} = $full_url;
-		$reparented = 1;
-	}
-
-	$ra ||= $self;
-	$url_b = escape_url($url_b);
-	my $reporter = $ra->do_switch($rev_b, '', 1, $url_b, $editor, $pool);
-	my @lock = $SVN::Core::VERSION ge '1.2.0' ? (undef) : ();
-	$reporter->set_path('', $rev_a, 0, @lock, $pool);
-	$reporter->finish_report($pool);
-
-	if ($reparented) {
-		SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent($self->{session}, $old_url, $pool);
-		$self->{url} = $old_url;
-	}
-
-	$pool->clear;
-	$editor->{git_commit_ok};
-}
-
-sub longest_common_path {
-	my ($gsv, $globs) = @_;
-	my %common;
-	my $common_max = scalar @$gsv;
-
-	foreach my $gs (@$gsv) {
-		my @tmp = split m#/#, $gs->{path};
-		my $p = '';
-		foreach (@tmp) {
-			$p .= length($p) ? "/$_" : $_;
-			$common{$p} ||= 0;
-			$common{$p}++;
-		}
-	}
-	$globs ||= [];
-	$common_max += scalar @$globs;
-	foreach my $glob (@$globs) {
-		my @tmp = split m#/#, $glob->{path}->{left};
-		my $p = '';
-		foreach (@tmp) {
-			$p .= length($p) ? "/$_" : $_;
-			$common{$p} ||= 0;
-			$common{$p}++;
-		}
-	}
-
-	my $longest_path = '';
-	foreach (sort {length $b <=> length $a} keys %common) {
-		if ($common{$_} == $common_max) {
-			$longest_path = $_;
-			last;
-		}
-	}
-	$longest_path;
-}
-
-sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
-	my ($self, $base, $head, $gsv, $globs) = @_;
-	return if ($base > $head);
-	my $inc = $_log_window_size;
-	my ($min, $max) = ($base, $head < $base + $inc ? $head : $base + $inc);
-	my $longest_path = longest_common_path($gsv, $globs);
-	my $ra_url = $self->{url};
-	my $find_trailing_edge;
-	while (1) {
-		my %revs;
-		my $err;
-		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
-		$SVN::Error::handler = sub {
-			($err) = @_;
-			skip_unknown_revs($err);
-		};
-		sub _cb {
-			my ($paths, $r, $author, $date, $log) = @_;
-			[ $paths,
-			  { author => $author, date => $date, log => $log } ];
-		}
-		$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $max, 0, 1, 1,
-		               sub { $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
-		if ($err) {
-			print "Checked through r$max\r";
-		} else {
-			$find_trailing_edge = 1;
-		}
-		if ($err and $find_trailing_edge) {
-			print STDERR "Path '$longest_path' ",
-				     "was probably deleted:\n",
-				     $err->expanded_message,
-				     "\nWill attempt to follow ",
-				     "revisions r$min .. r$max ",
-				     "committed before the deletion\n";
-			my $hi = $max;
-			while (--$hi >= $min) {
-				my $ok;
-				$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $hi,
-				               0, 1, 1, sub {
-				               $ok = $_[1];
-				               $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
-				if ($ok) {
-					print STDERR "r$min .. r$ok OK\n";
-					last;
-				}
-			}
-			$find_trailing_edge = 0;
-		}
-		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
-
-		my %exists = map { $_->{path} => $_ } @$gsv;
-		foreach my $r (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %revs) {
-			my ($paths, $logged) = @{$revs{$r}};
-
-			foreach my $gs ($self->match_globs(\%exists, $paths,
-			                                   $globs, $r)) {
-				if ($gs->rev_map_max >= $r) {
-					next;
-				}
-				next unless $gs->match_paths($paths, $r);
-				$gs->{logged_rev_props} = $logged;
-				if (my $last_commit = $gs->last_commit) {
-					$gs->assert_index_clean($last_commit);
-				}
-				my $log_entry = $gs->do_fetch($paths, $r);
-				if ($log_entry) {
-					$gs->do_git_commit($log_entry);
-				}
-				$INDEX_FILES{$gs->{index}} = 1;
-			}
-			foreach my $g (@$globs) {
-				my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}." .
-				        "$g->{t}-maxRev";
-				Git::SVN::tmp_config($k, $r);
-			}
-			if ($ra_invalid) {
-				$_[0] = undef;
-				$self = undef;
-				$RA = undef;
-				$self = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra_url);
-				$ra_invalid = undef;
-			}
-		}
-		# pre-fill the .rev_db since it'll eventually get filled in
-		# with '0' x40 if something new gets committed
-		foreach my $gs (@$gsv) {
-			next if $gs->rev_map_max >= $max;
-			next if defined $gs->rev_map_get($max);
-			$gs->rev_map_set($max, 0 x40);
-		}
-		foreach my $g (@$globs) {
-			my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}.$g->{t}-maxRev";
-			Git::SVN::tmp_config($k, $max);
-		}
-		last if $max >= $head;
-		$min = $max + 1;
-		$max += $inc;
-		$max = $head if ($max > $head);
-	}
-	Git::SVN::gc();
-}
-
-sub get_dir_globbed {
-	my ($self, $left, $depth, $r) = @_;
-
-	my @x = eval { $self->get_dir($left, $r) };
-	return unless scalar @x == 3;
-	my $dirents = $x[0];
-	my @finalents;
-	foreach my $de (keys %$dirents) {
-		next if $dirents->{$de}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
-		if ($depth > 1) {
-			my @args = ("$left/$de", $depth - 1, $r);
-			foreach my $dir ($self->get_dir_globbed(@args)) {
-				push @finalents, "$de/$dir";
-			}
-		} else {
-			push @finalents, $de;
-		}
-	}
-	@finalents;
-}
-
-# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
-sub is_ref_ignored {
-	my ($g, $p) = @_;
-	my $refname = $g->{ref}->full_path($p);
-	return 1 if defined($g->{ignore_refs_regex}) &&
-	            $refname =~ m!$g->{ignore_refs_regex}!;
-	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_refs_regex);
-	return 1 if $refname =~ m!$_ignore_refs_regex!o;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-sub match_globs {
-	my ($self, $exists, $paths, $globs, $r) = @_;
-
-	sub get_dir_check {
-		my ($self, $exists, $g, $r) = @_;
-
-		my @dirs = $self->get_dir_globbed($g->{path}->{left},
-		                                  $g->{path}->{depth},
-		                                  $r);
-
-		foreach my $de (@dirs) {
-			my $p = $g->{path}->full_path($de);
-			next if $exists->{$p};
-			next if (length $g->{path}->{right} &&
-				 ($self->check_path($p, $r) !=
-				  $SVN::Node::dir));
-			next unless $p =~ /$g->{path}->{regex}/;
-			$exists->{$p} = Git::SVN->init($self->{url}, $p, undef,
-					 $g->{ref}->full_path($de), 1);
-		}
-	}
-	foreach my $g (@$globs) {
-		if (my $path = $paths->{"/$g->{path}->{left}"}) {
-			if ($path->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/) {
-				get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
-			}
-		}
-		foreach (keys %$paths) {
-			if (/$g->{path}->{left_regex}/ &&
-			    !/$g->{path}->{regex}/) {
-				next if $paths->{$_}->{action} !~ /^[AR]$/;
-				get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
-			}
-			next unless /$g->{path}->{regex}/;
-			my $p = $1;
-			my $pathname = $g->{path}->full_path($p);
-			next if is_ref_ignored($g, $p);
-			next if $exists->{$pathname};
-			next if ($self->check_path($pathname, $r) !=
-			         $SVN::Node::dir);
-			$exists->{$pathname} = Git::SVN->init(
-			                      $self->{url}, $pathname, undef,
-			                      $g->{ref}->full_path($p), 1);
-		}
-		my $c = '';
-		foreach (split m#/#, $g->{path}->{left}) {
-			$c .= "/$_";
-			next unless ($paths->{$c} &&
-			             ($paths->{$c}->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/));
-			get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
-		}
-	}
-	values %$exists;
-}
-
-sub minimize_url {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	return $self->{url} if ($self->{url} eq $self->{repos_root});
-	my $url = $self->{repos_root};
-	my @components = split(m!/!, $self->{svn_path});
-	my $c = '';
-	do {
-		$url .= "/$c" if length $c;
-		eval {
-			my $ra = (ref $self)->new($url);
-			my $latest = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
-			$ra->get_log("", $latest, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub {});
-		};
-	} while ($@ && ($c = shift @components));
-	$url;
-}
-
-sub can_do_switch {
-	my $self = shift;
-	unless (defined $can_do_switch) {
-		my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
-		my $rep = eval {
-			$self->do_switch(1, '', 0, $self->{url},
-			                 SVN::Delta::Editor->new, $pool);
-		};
-		if ($@) {
-			$can_do_switch = 0;
-		} else {
-			$rep->abort_report($pool);
-			$can_do_switch = 1;
-		}
-		$pool->clear;
-	}
-	$can_do_switch;
-}
-
-sub skip_unknown_revs {
-	my ($err) = @_;
-	my $errno = $err->apr_err();
-	# Maybe the branch we're tracking didn't
-	# exist when the repo started, so it's
-	# not an error if it doesn't, just continue
-	#
-	# Wonderfully consistent library, eh?
-	# 160013 - svn:// and file://
-	# 175002 - http(s)://
-	# 175007 - http(s):// (this repo required authorization, too...)
-	#   More codes may be discovered later...
-	if ($errno == 175007 || $errno == 175002 || $errno == 160013) {
-		my $err_key = $err->expanded_message;
-		# revision numbers change every time, filter them out
-		$err_key =~ s/\d+/\0/g;
-		$err_key = "$errno\0$err_key";
-		unless ($ignored_err{$err_key}) {
-			warn "W: Ignoring error from SVN, path probably ",
-			     "does not exist: ($errno): ",
-			     $err->expanded_message,"\n";
-			warn "W: Do not be alarmed at the above message ",
-			     "git-svn is just searching aggressively for ",
-			     "old history.\n",
-			     "This may take a while on large repositories\n";
-			$ignored_err{$err_key} = 1;
-		}
-		return;
-	}
-	die "Error from SVN, ($errno): ", $err->expanded_message,"\n";
-}
-
-package Git::SVN::Log;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use POSIX qw/strftime/;
-use Time::Local;
-use constant commit_log_separator => ('-' x 72) . "\n";
-use vars qw/$TZ $limit $color $pager $non_recursive $verbose $oneline
-            %rusers $show_commit $incremental/;
-my $l_fmt;
-
-sub cmt_showable {
-	my ($c) = @_;
-	return 1 if defined $c->{r};
-
-	# big commit message got truncated by the 16k pretty buffer in rev-list
-	if ($c->{l} && $c->{l}->[-1] eq "...\n" &&
-				$c->{a_raw} =~ /\@([a-f\d\-]+)>$/) {
-		@{$c->{l}} = ();
-		my @log = command(qw/cat-file commit/, $c->{c});
-
-		# shift off the headers
-		shift @log while ($log[0] ne '');
-		shift @log;
-
-		# TODO: make $c->{l} not have a trailing newline in the future
-		@{$c->{l}} = map { "$_\n" } grep !/^git-svn-id: /, @log;
-
-		(undef, $c->{r}, undef) = ::extract_metadata(
-				(grep(/^git-svn-id: /, @log))[-1]);
-	}
-	return defined $c->{r};
-}
-
-sub log_use_color {
-	return $color || Git->repository->get_colorbool('color.diff');
-}
-
-sub git_svn_log_cmd {
-	my ($r_min, $r_max, @args) = @_;
-	my $head = 'HEAD';
-	my (@files, @log_opts);
-	foreach my $x (@args) {
-		if ($x eq '--' || @files) {
-			push @files, $x;
-		} else {
-			if (::verify_ref("$x^0")) {
-				$head = $x;
-			} else {
-				push @log_opts, $x;
-			}
-		}
-	}
-
-	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = ::working_head_info($head);
-	$gs ||= Git::SVN->_new;
-	my @cmd = (qw/log --abbrev-commit --pretty=raw --default/,
-	           $gs->refname);
-	push @cmd, '-r' unless $non_recursive;
-	push @cmd, qw/--raw --name-status/ if $verbose;
-	push @cmd, '--color' if log_use_color();
-	push @cmd, @log_opts;
-	if (defined $r_max && $r_max == $r_min) {
-		push @cmd, '--max-count=1';
-		if (my $c = $gs->rev_map_get($r_max)) {
-			push @cmd, $c;
-		}
-	} elsif (defined $r_max) {
-		if ($r_max < $r_min) {
-			($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
-		}
-		my (undef, $c_max) = $gs->find_rev_before($r_max, 1, $r_min);
-		my (undef, $c_min) = $gs->find_rev_after($r_min, 1, $r_max);
-		# If there are no commits in the range, both $c_max and $c_min
-		# will be undefined.  If there is at least 1 commit in the
-		# range, both will be defined.
-		return () if !defined $c_min || !defined $c_max;
-		if ($c_min eq $c_max) {
-			push @cmd, '--max-count=1', $c_min;
-		} else {
-			push @cmd, '--boundary', "$c_min..$c_max";
-		}
-	}
-	return (@cmd, @files);
-}
-
-# adapted from pager.c
-sub config_pager {
-	if (! -t *STDOUT) {
-		$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = 'false';
-		$pager = undef;
-		return;
-	}
-	chomp($pager = command_oneline(qw(var GIT_PAGER)));
-	if ($pager eq 'cat') {
-		$pager = undef;
-	}
-	$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = defined($pager);
-}
-
-sub run_pager {
-	return unless defined $pager;
-	pipe my ($rfd, $wfd) or return;
-	defined(my $pid = fork) or ::fatal "Can't fork: $!";
-	if (!$pid) {
-		open STDOUT, '>&', $wfd or
-		                     ::fatal "Can't redirect to stdout: $!";
-		return;
-	}
-	open STDIN, '<&', $rfd or ::fatal "Can't redirect stdin: $!";
-	$ENV{LESS} ||= 'FRSX';
-	exec $pager or ::fatal "Can't run pager: $! ($pager)";
-}
-
-sub format_svn_date {
-	# some systmes don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
-	my $t = shift || time;
-	my $gm = timelocal(gmtime($t));
-	my $sign = qw( + + - )[ $t <=> $gm ];
-	my $gmoff = sprintf("%s%02d%02d", $sign, (gmtime(abs($t - $gm)))[2,1]);
-	return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S $gmoff (%a, %d %b %Y)", localtime($t));
-}
-
-sub parse_git_date {
-	my ($t, $tz) = @_;
-	# Date::Parse isn't in the standard Perl distro :(
-	if ($tz =~ s/^\+//) {
-		$t += tz_to_s_offset($tz);
-	} elsif ($tz =~ s/^\-//) {
-		$t -= tz_to_s_offset($tz);
-	}
-	return $t;
-}
-
-sub set_local_timezone {
-	if (defined $TZ) {
-		$ENV{TZ} = $TZ;
-	} else {
-		delete $ENV{TZ};
-	}
-}
-
-sub tz_to_s_offset {
-	my ($tz) = @_;
-	$tz =~ s/(\d\d)$//;
-	return ($1 * 60) + ($tz * 3600);
-}
-
-sub get_author_info {
-	my ($dest, $author, $t, $tz) = @_;
-	$author =~ s/(?:^\s*|\s*$)//g;
-	$dest->{a_raw} = $author;
-	my $au;
-	if ($::_authors) {
-		$au = $rusers{$author} || undef;
-	}
-	if (!$au) {
-		($au) = ($author =~ /<([^>]+)\@[^>]+>$/);
-	}
-	$dest->{t} = $t;
-	$dest->{tz} = $tz;
-	$dest->{a} = $au;
-	$dest->{t_utc} = parse_git_date($t, $tz);
-}
-
-sub process_commit {
-	my ($c, $r_min, $r_max, $defer) = @_;
-	if (defined $r_min && defined $r_max) {
-		if ($r_min == $c->{r} && $r_min == $r_max) {
-			show_commit($c);
-			return 0;
-		}
-		return 1 if $r_min == $r_max;
-		if ($r_min < $r_max) {
-			# we need to reverse the print order
-			return 0 if (defined $limit && --$limit < 0);
-			push @$defer, $c;
-			return 1;
-		}
-		if ($r_min != $r_max) {
-			return 1 if ($r_min < $c->{r});
-			return 1 if ($r_max > $c->{r});
-		}
-	}
-	return 0 if (defined $limit && --$limit < 0);
-	show_commit($c);
-	return 1;
-}
-
-sub show_commit {
-	my $c = shift;
-	if ($oneline) {
-		my $x = "\n";
-		if (my $l = $c->{l}) {
-			while ($l->[0] =~ /^\s*$/) { shift @$l }
-			$x = $l->[0];
-		}
-		$l_fmt ||= 'A' . length($c->{r});
-		print 'r',pack($l_fmt, $c->{r}),' | ';
-		print "$c->{c} | " if $show_commit;
-		print $x;
-	} else {
-		show_commit_normal($c);
-	}
-}
-
-sub show_commit_changed_paths {
-	my ($c) = @_;
-	return unless $c->{changed};
-	print "Changed paths:\n", @{$c->{changed}};
-}
-
-sub show_commit_normal {
-	my ($c) = @_;
-	print commit_log_separator, "r$c->{r} | ";
-	print "$c->{c} | " if $show_commit;
-	print "$c->{a} | ", format_svn_date($c->{t_utc}), ' | ';
-	my $nr_line = 0;
-
-	if (my $l = $c->{l}) {
-		while ($l->[$#$l] eq "\n" && $#$l > 0
-		                          && $l->[($#$l - 1)] eq "\n") {
-			pop @$l;
-		}
-		$nr_line = scalar @$l;
-		if (!$nr_line) {
-			print "1 line\n\n\n";
-		} else {
-			if ($nr_line == 1) {
-				$nr_line = '1 line';
-			} else {
-				$nr_line .= ' lines';
-			}
-			print $nr_line, "\n";
-			show_commit_changed_paths($c);
-			print "\n";
-			print $_ foreach @$l;
-		}
-	} else {
-		print "1 line\n";
-		show_commit_changed_paths($c);
-		print "\n";
-
-	}
-	foreach my $x (qw/raw stat diff/) {
-		if ($c->{$x}) {
-			print "\n";
-			print $_ foreach @{$c->{$x}}
-		}
-	}
-}
-
-sub cmd_show_log {
-	my (@args) = @_;
-	my ($r_min, $r_max);
-	my $r_last = -1; # prevent dupes
-	set_local_timezone();
-	if (defined $::_revision) {
-		if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):(\d+)$/) {
-			($r_min, $r_max) = ($1, $2);
-		} elsif ($::_revision =~ /^\d+$/) {
-			$r_min = $r_max = $::_revision;
-		} else {
-			::fatal "-r$::_revision is not supported, use ",
-				"standard 'git log' arguments instead";
-		}
-	}
-
-	config_pager();
-	@args = git_svn_log_cmd($r_min, $r_max, @args);
-	if (!@args) {
-		print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
-		return;
-	}
-	my $log = command_output_pipe(@args);
-	run_pager();
-	my (@k, $c, $d, $stat);
-	my $esc_color = qr/(?:\033\[(?:(?:\d+;)*\d*)?m)*/;
-	while (<$log>) {
-		if (/^${esc_color}commit (?:- )?($::sha1_short)/o) {
-			my $cmt = $1;
-			if ($c && cmt_showable($c) && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
-				$r_last = $c->{r};
-				process_commit($c, $r_min, $r_max, \@k) or
-								goto out;
-			}
-			$d = undef;
-			$c = { c => $cmt };
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}author (.+) (\d+) ([\-\+]?\d+)$/o) {
-			get_author_info($c, $1, $2, $3);
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}(?:tree|parent|committer) /o) {
-			# ignore
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}:\d{6} \d{6} $::sha1_short/o) {
-			push @{$c->{raw}}, $_;
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}[ACRMDT]\t/) {
-			# we could add $SVN->{svn_path} here, but that requires
-			# remote access at the moment (repo_path_split)...
-			s#^(${esc_color})([ACRMDT])\t#$1   $2 #o;
-			push @{$c->{changed}}, $_;
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}diff /o) {
-			$d = 1;
-			push @{$c->{diff}}, $_;
-		} elsif ($d) {
-			push @{$c->{diff}}, $_;
-		} elsif (/^\ .+\ \|\s*\d+\ $esc_color[\+\-]*
-		          $esc_color*[\+\-]*$esc_color$/x) {
-			$stat = 1;
-			push @{$c->{stat}}, $_;
-		} elsif ($stat && /^ \d+ files changed, \d+ insertions/) {
-			push @{$c->{stat}}, $_;
-			$stat = undef;
-		} elsif (/^${esc_color}    (git-svn-id:.+)$/o) {
-			($c->{url}, $c->{r}, undef) = ::extract_metadata($1);
-		} elsif (s/^${esc_color}    //o) {
-			push @{$c->{l}}, $_;
-		}
-	}
-	if ($c && defined $c->{r} && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
-		$r_last = $c->{r};
-		process_commit($c, $r_min, $r_max, \@k);
-	}
-	if (@k) {
-		($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
-		process_commit($_, $r_min, $r_max) foreach reverse @k;
-	}
-out:
-	close $log;
-	print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
-}
-
-sub cmd_blame {
-	my $path = pop;
-
-	config_pager();
-	run_pager();
-
-	my ($fh, $ctx, $rev);
-
-	if ($_git_format) {
-		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', @_, $path);
-		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
-			if ($line =~ /^\^?([[:xdigit:]]+)\s/) {
-				# Uncommitted edits show up as a rev ID of
-				# all zeros, which we can't look up with
-				# cmt_metadata
-				if ($1 !~ /^0+$/) {
-					(undef, $rev, undef) =
-						::cmt_metadata($1);
-					$rev = '0' if (!$rev);
-				} else {
-					$rev = '0';
-				}
-				$rev = sprintf('%-10s', $rev);
-				$line =~ s/^\^?[[:xdigit:]]+(\s)/$rev$1/;
-			}
-			print $line;
-		}
-	} else {
-		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', '-p', @_, 'HEAD',
-						  '--', $path);
-		my ($sha1);
-		my %authors;
-		my @buffer;
-		my %dsha; #distinct sha keys
-
-		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
-			push @buffer, $line;
-			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
-				$dsha{$1} = 1;
-			}
-		}
-
-		my $s2r = ::cmt_sha2rev_batch([keys %dsha]);
-
-		foreach my $line (@buffer) {
-			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
-				$rev = $s2r->{$1};
-				$rev = '0' if (!$rev)
-			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^author (.*)/) {
-				$authors{$rev} = $1;
-				$authors{$rev} =~ s/\s/_/g;
-			}
-			elsif ($line =~ /^\t(.*)$/) {
-				printf("%6s %10s %s\n", $rev, $authors{$rev}, $1);
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
-}
-
-package Git::SVN::Migration;
-# these version numbers do NOT correspond to actual version numbers
-# of git nor git-svn.  They are just relative.
-#
-# v0 layout: .git/$id/info/url, refs/heads/$id-HEAD
-#
-# v1 layout: .git/$id/info/url, refs/remotes/$id
-#
-# v2 layout: .git/svn/$id/info/url, refs/remotes/$id
-#
-# v3 layout: .git/svn/$id, refs/remotes/$id
-#            - info/url may remain for backwards compatibility
-#            - this is what we migrate up to this layout automatically,
-#            - this will be used by git svn init on single branches
-# v3.1 layout (auto migrated):
-#            - .rev_db => .rev_db.$UUID, .rev_db will remain as a symlink
-#              for backwards compatibility
-#
-# v4 layout: .git/svn/$repo_id/$id, refs/remotes/$repo_id/$id
-#            - this is only created for newly multi-init-ed
-#              repositories.  Similar in spirit to the
-#              --use-separate-remotes option in git-clone (now default)
-#            - we do not automatically migrate to this (following
-#              the example set by core git)
-#
-# v5 layout: .rev_db.$UUID => .rev_map.$UUID
-#            - newer, more-efficient format that uses 24-bytes per record
-#              with no filler space.
-#            - use xxd -c24 < .rev_map.$UUID to view and debug
-#            - This is a one-way migration, repositories updated to the
-#              new format will not be able to use old git-svn without
-#              rebuilding the .rev_db.  Rebuilding the rev_db is not
-#              possible if noMetadata or useSvmProps are set; but should
-#              be no problem for users that use the (sensible) defaults.
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Carp qw/croak/;
-use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
-use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
-use vars qw/$_minimize/;
-
-sub migrate_from_v0 {
-	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-	return undef unless -d $git_dir;
-	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/rev-parse --symbolic --all/);
-	my $migrated = 0;
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		chomp;
-		my ($id, $orig_ref) = ($_, $_);
-		next unless $id =~ s#^refs/heads/(.+)-HEAD$#$1#;
-		next unless -f "$git_dir/$id/info/url";
-		my $new_ref = "refs/remotes/$id";
-		if (::verify_ref("$new_ref^0")) {
-			print STDERR "W: $orig_ref is probably an old ",
-			             "branch used by an ancient version of ",
-				     "git-svn.\n",
-				     "However, $new_ref also exists.\n",
-				     "We will not be able ",
-				     "to use this branch until this ",
-				     "ambiguity is resolved.\n";
-			next;
-		}
-		print STDERR "Migrating from v0 layout...\n" if !$migrated;
-		print STDERR "Renaming ref: $orig_ref => $new_ref\n";
-		command_noisy('update-ref', $new_ref, $orig_ref);
-		command_noisy('update-ref', '-d', $orig_ref, $orig_ref);
-		$migrated++;
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
-	print STDERR "Done migrating from v0 layout...\n" if $migrated;
-	$migrated;
-}
-
-sub migrate_from_v1 {
-	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
-	my $migrated = 0;
-	return $migrated unless -d $git_dir;
-	my $svn_dir = "$git_dir/svn";
-
-	# just in case somebody used 'svn' as their $id at some point...
-	return $migrated if -d $svn_dir && ! -f "$svn_dir/info/url";
-
-	print STDERR "Migrating from a git-svn v1 layout...\n";
-	mkpath([$svn_dir]);
-	print STDERR "Data from a previous version of git-svn exists, but\n\t",
-	             "$svn_dir\n\t(required for this version ",
-	             "($::VERSION) of git-svn) does not exist.\n";
-	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/rev-parse --symbolic --all/);
-	while (<$fh>) {
-		my $x = $_;
-		next unless $x =~ s#^refs/remotes/##;
-		chomp $x;
-		next unless -f "$git_dir/$x/info/url";
-		my $u = eval { ::file_to_s("$git_dir/$x/info/url") };
-		next unless $u;
-		my $dn = dirname("$git_dir/svn/$x");
-		mkpath([$dn]) unless -d $dn;
-		if ($x eq 'svn') { # they used 'svn' as GIT_SVN_ID:
-			mkpath(["$git_dir/svn/svn"]);
-			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x/info => ",
-			                "$git_dir/svn/$x/info\n";
-			rename "$git_dir/$x/info", "$git_dir/svn/$x/info" or
-			       croak "$!: $x";
-			# don't worry too much about these, they probably
-			# don't exist with repos this old (save for index,
-			# and we can easily regenerate that)
-			foreach my $f (qw/unhandled.log index .rev_db/) {
-				rename "$git_dir/$x/$f", "$git_dir/svn/$x/$f";
-			}
-		} else {
-			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x => $git_dir/svn/$x\n";
-			rename "$git_dir/$x", "$git_dir/svn/$x" or
-			       croak "$!: $x";
-		}
-		$migrated++;
-	}
-	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
-	print STDERR "Done migrating from a git-svn v1 layout\n";
-	$migrated;
-}
-
-sub read_old_urls {
-	my ($l_map, $pfx, $path) = @_;
-	my @dir;
-	foreach (<$path/*>) {
-		if (-r "$_/info/url") {
-			$pfx .= '/' if $pfx && $pfx !~ m!/$!;
-			my $ref_id = $pfx . basename $_;
-			my $url = ::file_to_s("$_/info/url");
-			$l_map->{$ref_id} = $url;
-		} elsif (-d $_) {
-			push @dir, $_;
-		}
-	}
-	foreach (@dir) {
-		my $x = $_;
-		$x =~ s!^\Q$ENV{GIT_DIR}\E/svn/!!o;
-		read_old_urls($l_map, $x, $_);
-	}
-}
-
-sub migrate_from_v2 {
-	my @cfg = command(qw/config -l/);
-	return if grep /^svn-remote\..+\.url=/, @cfg;
-	my %l_map;
-	read_old_urls(\%l_map, '', "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn");
-	my $migrated = 0;
-
-	foreach my $ref_id (sort keys %l_map) {
-		eval { Git::SVN->init($l_map{$ref_id}, '', undef, $ref_id) };
-		if ($@) {
-			Git::SVN->init($l_map{$ref_id}, '', $ref_id, $ref_id);
-		}
-		$migrated++;
-	}
-	$migrated;
-}
-
-sub minimize_connections {
-	my $r = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes();
-	my $new_urls = {};
-	my $root_repos = {};
-	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$r) {
-		my $url = $r->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
-		my $fetch = $r->{$repo_id}->{fetch} or next;
-		my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
-
-		# skip existing cases where we already connect to the root
-		if (($ra->{url} eq $ra->{repos_root}) ||
-		    ($ra->{repos_root} eq $repo_id)) {
-			$root_repos->{$ra->{url}} = $repo_id;
-			next;
-		}
-
-		my $root_ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra->{repos_root});
-		my $root_path = $ra->{url};
-		$root_path =~ s#^\Q$ra->{repos_root}\E(/|$)##;
-		foreach my $path (keys %$fetch) {
-			my $ref_id = $fetch->{$path};
-			my $gs = Git::SVN->new($ref_id, $repo_id, $path);
-
-			# make sure we can read when connecting to
-			# a higher level of a repository
-			my ($last_rev, undef) = $gs->last_rev_commit;
-			if (!defined $last_rev) {
-				$last_rev = eval {
-					$root_ra->get_latest_revnum;
-				};
-				next if $@;
-			}
-			my $new = $root_path;
-			$new .= length $path ? "/$path" : '';
-			eval {
-				$root_ra->get_log([$new], $last_rev, $last_rev,
-			                          0, 0, 1, sub { });
-			};
-			next if $@;
-			$new_urls->{$ra->{repos_root}}->{$new} =
-			        { ref_id => $ref_id,
-				  old_repo_id => $repo_id,
-				  old_path => $path };
-		}
-	}
-
-	my @emptied;
-	foreach my $url (keys %$new_urls) {
-		# see if we can re-use an existing [svn-remote "repo_id"]
-		# instead of creating a(n ugly) new section:
-		my $repo_id = $root_repos->{$url} || $url;
-
-		my $fetch = $new_urls->{$url};
-		foreach my $path (keys %$fetch) {
-			my $x = $fetch->{$path};
-			Git::SVN->init($url, $path, $repo_id, $x->{ref_id});
-			my $pfx = "svn-remote.$x->{old_repo_id}";
-
-			my $old_fetch = quotemeta("$x->{old_path}:".
-			                          "$x->{ref_id}");
-			command_noisy(qw/config --unset/,
-			              "$pfx.fetch", '^'. $old_fetch . '$');
-			delete $r->{$x->{old_repo_id}}->
-			       {fetch}->{$x->{old_path}};
-			if (!keys %{$r->{$x->{old_repo_id}}->{fetch}}) {
-				command_noisy(qw/config --unset/,
-				              "$pfx.url");
-				push @emptied, $x->{old_repo_id}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if (@emptied) {
-		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
-		print STDERR <<EOF;
-The following [svn-remote] sections in your config file ($file) are empty
-and can be safely removed:
-EOF
-		print STDERR "[svn-remote \"$_\"]\n" foreach @emptied;
-	}
-}
-
-sub migration_check {
-	migrate_from_v0();
-	migrate_from_v1();
-	migrate_from_v2();
-	minimize_connections() if $_minimize;
-}
-
-package Git::IndexInfo;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Git qw/command_input_pipe command_close_pipe/;
-
-sub new {
-	my ($class) = @_;
-	my ($gui, $ctx) = command_input_pipe(qw/update-index -z --index-info/);
-	bless { gui => $gui, ctx => $ctx, nr => 0}, $class;
-}
-
-sub remove {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	if (print { $self->{gui} } '0 ', 0 x 40, "\t", $path, "\0") {
-		return ++$self->{nr};
-	}
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub update {
-	my ($self, $mode, $hash, $path) = @_;
-	if (print { $self->{gui} } $mode, ' ', $hash, "\t", $path, "\0") {
-		return ++$self->{nr};
-	}
-	undef;
-}
-
-sub DESTROY {
-	my ($self) = @_;
-	command_close_pipe($self->{gui}, $self->{ctx});
-}
-
-package Git::SVN::GlobSpec;
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-
-sub new {
-	my ($class, $glob, $pattern_ok) = @_;
-	my $re = $glob;
-	$re =~ s!/+$!!g; # no need for trailing slashes
-	my (@left, @right, @patterns);
-	my $state = "left";
-	my $die_msg = "Only one set of wildcard directories " .
-				"(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: '$glob'\n";
-	for my $part (split(m|/|, $glob)) {
-		if ($part =~ /\*/ && $part ne "*") {
-			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
-		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /[{}]/ &&
-			 $part !~ /^\{[^{}]+\}/) {
-			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
-		}
-		if ($part eq "*") {
-			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
-			$state = "pattern";
-			push(@patterns, "[^/]*");
-		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /^\{(.*)\}$/) {
-			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
-			$state = "pattern";
-			my $p = quotemeta($1);
-			$p =~ s/\\,/|/g;
-			push(@patterns, "(?:$p)");
-		} else {
-			if ($state eq "left") {
-				push(@left, $part);
-			} else {
-				push(@right, $part);
-				$state = "right";
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	my $depth = @patterns;
-	if ($depth == 0) {
-		die "One '*' is needed in glob: '$glob'\n";
-	}
-	my $left = join('/', @left);
-	my $right = join('/', @right);
-	$re = join('/', @patterns);
-	$re = join('\/',
-		   grep(length, quotemeta($left), "($re)", quotemeta($right)));
-	my $left_re = qr/^\/\Q$left\E(\/|$)/;
-	bless { left => $left, right => $right, left_regex => $left_re,
-	        regex => qr/$re/, glob => $glob, depth => $depth }, $class;
-}
-
-sub full_path {
-	my ($self, $path) = @_;
-	return (length $self->{left} ? "$self->{left}/" : '') .
-	       $path . (length $self->{right} ? "/$self->{right}" : '');
-}
-
 __END__
 
 Data structures:
diff --git a/git.c b/git.c
index 8e34903..b10c18b 100644
--- a/git.c
+++ b/git.c
@@ -13,43 +13,10 @@
 	"           <command> [<args>]";
 
 const char git_more_info_string[] =
-	"See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command.";
+	N_("See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command.");
 
 static struct startup_info git_startup_info;
 static int use_pager = -1;
-struct pager_config {
-	const char *cmd;
-	int want;
-	char *value;
-};
-
-static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
-{
-	struct pager_config *c = data;
-	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd)) {
-		int b = git_config_maybe_bool(var, value);
-		if (b >= 0)
-			c->want = b;
-		else {
-			c->want = 1;
-			c->value = xstrdup(value);
-		}
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
-int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
-{
-	struct pager_config c;
-	c.cmd = cmd;
-	c.want = -1;
-	c.value = NULL;
-	git_config(pager_command_config, &c);
-	if (c.value)
-		pager_program = c.value;
-	return c.want;
-}
 
 static void commit_pager_choice(void) {
 	switch (use_pager) {
@@ -168,6 +135,14 @@
 			git_config_push_parameter((*argv)[1]);
 			(*argv)++;
 			(*argc)--;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--literal-pathspecs")) {
+			setenv(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "1", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
+		} else if (!strcmp(cmd, "--no-literal-pathspecs")) {
+			setenv(GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS_ENVIRONMENT, "0", 1);
+			if (envchanged)
+				*envchanged = 1;
 		} else {
 			fprintf(stderr, "Unknown option: %s\n", cmd);
 			usage(git_usage_string);
@@ -256,8 +231,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-const char git_version_string[] = GIT_VERSION;
-
 #define RUN_SETUP		(1<<0)
 #define RUN_SETUP_GENTLY	(1<<1)
 #define USE_PAGER		(1<<2)
@@ -340,6 +313,7 @@
 		{ "bundle", cmd_bundle, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "cat-file", cmd_cat_file, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "check-attr", cmd_check_attr, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "check-ignore", cmd_check_ignore, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "check-ref-format", cmd_check_ref_format },
 		{ "checkout", cmd_checkout, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "checkout-index", cmd_checkout_index,
@@ -348,10 +322,12 @@
 		{ "cherry-pick", cmd_cherry_pick, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "clean", cmd_clean, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "clone", cmd_clone },
+		{ "column", cmd_column, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "commit", cmd_commit, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
 		{ "commit-tree", cmd_commit_tree, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "config", cmd_config, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "count-objects", cmd_count_objects, RUN_SETUP },
+		{ "credential", cmd_credential, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "describe", cmd_describe, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "diff", cmd_diff },
 		{ "diff-files", cmd_diff_files, RUN_SETUP | NEED_WORK_TREE },
@@ -434,6 +410,7 @@
 		{ "update-ref", cmd_update_ref, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "update-server-info", cmd_update_server_info, RUN_SETUP },
 		{ "upload-archive", cmd_upload_archive },
+		{ "upload-archive--writer", cmd_upload_archive_writer },
 		{ "var", cmd_var, RUN_SETUP_GENTLY },
 		{ "verify-pack", cmd_verify_pack },
 		{ "verify-tag", cmd_verify_tag, RUN_SETUP },
@@ -494,7 +471,7 @@
 	 * if we fail because the command is not found, it is
 	 * OK to return. Otherwise, we just pass along the status code.
 	 */
-	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE);
+	status = run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE | RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT);
 	if (status >= 0 || errno != ENOENT)
 		exit(status);
 
@@ -537,6 +514,8 @@
 	if (!cmd)
 		cmd = "git-help";
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	/*
 	 * "git-xxxx" is the same as "git xxxx", but we obviously:
 	 *
diff --git a/git.spec.in b/git.spec.in
index c562c62..d61d537 100644
--- a/git.spec.in
+++ b/git.spec.in
@@ -101,6 +101,7 @@
 Requires:       git = %{version}-%{release}
 Requires:       perl(:MODULE_COMPAT_%(eval "`%{__perl} -V:version`"; echo $version))
 BuildRequires:  perl(Error)
+BuildRequires:  perl(ExtUtils::MakeMaker)
 
 %description -n perl-Git
 Perl interface to Git
@@ -134,6 +135,7 @@
 %else
 rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_mandir}
 %endif
+rm -rf $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_datadir}/locale
 
 mkdir -p $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_sysconfdir}/bash_completion.d
 install -m 644 -T contrib/completion/git-completion.bash $RPM_BUILD_ROOT%{_sysconfdir}/bash_completion.d/git
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore b/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
index 2247d5f..cf040af 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/.gitignore
@@ -1,2 +1,3 @@
+/GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
 /build
 /dist
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/Makefile b/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
index 74b05dc..3d12232 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/Makefile
@@ -23,10 +23,16 @@
 
 PYLIBDIR=$(shell $(PYTHON_PATH) -c \
 	 "import sys; \
-	 print 'lib/python%i.%i/site-packages' % sys.version_info[:2]")
+	 print('lib/python%i.%i/site-packages' % sys.version_info[:2])")
+
+py_version=$(shell $(PYTHON_PATH) -c \
+	'import sys; print("%i.%i" % sys.version_info[:2])')
 
 all: $(pysetupfile)
-	$(QUIET)$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) build
+	$(QUIET)test "$$(cat GIT-PYTHON-VERSION 2>/dev/null)" = "$(py_version)" || \
+	flags=--force; \
+	$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) build $$flags
+	$(QUIET)echo "$(py_version)" >GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
 
 install: $(pysetupfile)
 	$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) install --prefix $(DESTDIR_SQ)$(prefix)
@@ -36,4 +42,4 @@
 
 clean:
 	$(QUIET)$(PYTHON_PATH) $(pysetupfile) $(QUIETSETUP) clean -a
-	$(RM) *.pyo *.pyc
+	$(RM) *.pyo *.pyc GIT-PYTHON-VERSION
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py b/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
index e69de29..1dbb1b0 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/git/__init__.py
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+import sys
+if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
+    # The limiter is the subprocess module
+    sys.stderr.write("git_remote_helpers: requires Python 2.4 or later.\n")
+    sys.exit(1)
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py b/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
index 5c6b595..d3f90e1 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/git/importer.py
@@ -18,13 +18,16 @@
 
     def get_refs(self, gitdir):
         """Returns a dictionary with refs.
+
+        Note that the keys in the returned dictionary are byte strings as
+        read from git.
         """
         args = ["git", "--git-dir=" + gitdir, "for-each-ref", "refs/heads"]
-        lines = check_output(args).strip().split('\n')
+        lines = check_output(args).strip().split('\n'.encode('ascii'))
         refs = {}
         for line in lines:
-            value, name = line.split(' ')
-            name = name.strip('commit\t')
+            value, name = line.split(' '.encode('ascii'))
+            name = name.strip('commit\t'.encode('ascii'))
             refs[name] = value
         return refs
 
@@ -39,7 +42,7 @@
             gitdir = self.repo.gitpath
         else:
             gitdir = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, '.git'))
-        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, 'git.marks'))
+        path = os.path.abspath(os.path.join(dirname, 'testgit.marks'))
 
         if not os.path.exists(dirname):
             os.makedirs(dirname)
diff --git a/git_remote_helpers/setup.py b/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
index 4d434b6..6de41de 100644
--- a/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
+++ b/git_remote_helpers/setup.py
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@
 
 from distutils.core import setup
 
+# If building under Python3 we need to run 2to3 on the code, do this by
+# trying to import distutils' 2to3 builder, which is only available in
+# Python3.
+try:
+    from distutils.command.build_py import build_py_2to3 as build_py
+except ImportError:
+    # 2.x
+    from distutils.command.build_py import build_py
+
 setup(
     name = 'git_remote_helpers',
     version = '0.1.0',
@@ -14,4 +23,5 @@
     url = 'http://www.git-scm.com/',
     package_dir = {'git_remote_helpers': ''},
     packages = ['git_remote_helpers', 'git_remote_helpers.git'],
+    cmdclass = {'build_py': build_py},
 )
diff --git a/gitk-git/.gitignore b/gitk-git/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7ebcaf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/gitk-git/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+/GIT-TCLTK-VARS
+/gitk-wish
diff --git a/gitk-git/Makefile b/gitk-git/Makefile
index e1b6045..5acdc90 100644
--- a/gitk-git/Makefile
+++ b/gitk-git/Makefile
@@ -17,6 +17,16 @@
 bindir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(bindir))
 TCLTK_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(TCLTK_PATH))
 
+### Detect Tck/Tk interpreter path changes
+TRACK_TCLTK = $(subst ','\'',-DTCLTK_PATH='$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)')
+
+GIT-TCLTK-VARS: FORCE
+	@VARS='$(TRACK_TCLTK)'; \
+		if test x"$$VARS" != x"`cat $@ 2>/dev/null`" ; then \
+			echo 1>&2 "    * new Tcl/Tk interpreter location"; \
+			echo "$$VARS" >$@; \
+		fi
+
 ## po-file creation rules
 XGETTEXT   ?= xgettext
 ifdef NO_MSGFMT
@@ -49,9 +59,9 @@
 	$(RM) '$(DESTDIR_SQ)$(bindir_SQ)'/gitk
 
 clean::
-	$(RM) gitk-wish po/*.msg
+	$(RM) gitk-wish po/*.msg GIT-TCLTK-VARS
 
-gitk-wish: gitk
+gitk-wish: gitk GIT-TCLTK-VARS
 	$(QUIET_GEN)$(RM) $@ $@+ && \
 	sed -e '1,3s|^exec .* "$$0"|exec $(subst |,'\|',$(TCLTK_PATH_SQ)) "$$0"|' <gitk >$@+ && \
 	chmod +x $@+ && \
@@ -65,3 +75,5 @@
 	@echo Generating catalog $@
 	$(MSGFMT) --statistics --tcl $< -l $(basename $(notdir $<)) -d $(dir $@)
 
+.PHONY: all install uninstall clean update-po
+.PHONY: FORCE
diff --git a/gitk-git/gitk b/gitk-git/gitk
index 4cde0c4..b3706fc 100755
--- a/gitk-git/gitk
+++ b/gitk-git/gitk
@@ -2,20 +2,45 @@
 # Tcl ignores the next line -*- tcl -*- \
 exec wish "$0" -- "$@"
 
-# Copyright © 2005-2009 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
+# Copyright © 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras.  All rights reserved.
 # This program is free software; it may be used, copied, modified
 # and distributed under the terms of the GNU General Public Licence,
 # either version 2, or (at your option) any later version.
 
 package require Tk
 
-proc gitdir {} {
-    global env
-    if {[info exists env(GIT_DIR)]} {
-	return $env(GIT_DIR)
-    } else {
-	return [exec git rev-parse --git-dir]
+proc hasworktree {} {
+    return [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-bare-repository] == "false" &&
+		  [exec git rev-parse --is-inside-git-dir] == "false"}]
+}
+
+proc reponame {} {
+    global gitdir
+    set n [file normalize $gitdir]
+    if {[string match "*/.git" $n]} {
+	set n [string range $n 0 end-5]
     }
+    return [file tail $n]
+}
+
+proc gitworktree {} {
+    variable _gitworktree
+    if {[info exists _gitworktree]} {
+	return $_gitworktree
+    }
+    # v1.7.0 introduced --show-toplevel to return the canonical work-tree
+    if {[catch {set _gitworktree [exec git rev-parse --show-toplevel]}]} {
+        # try to set work tree from environment, core.worktree or use
+        # cdup to obtain a relative path to the top of the worktree. If
+        # run from the top, the ./ prefix ensures normalize expands pwd.
+        if {[catch { set _gitworktree $env(GIT_WORK_TREE) }]} {
+	    catch {set _gitworktree [exec git config --get core.worktree]}
+	    if {$_gitworktree eq ""} {
+		set _gitworktree [file normalize ./[exec git rev-parse --show-cdup]]
+	    }
+        }
+    }
+    return $_gitworktree
 }
 
 # A simple scheduler for compute-intensive stuff.
@@ -468,11 +493,11 @@
     global viewactive viewcomplete tclencoding
     global startmsecs showneartags showlocalchanges
     global mainheadid viewmainheadid viewmainheadid_orig pending_select
-    global isworktree
+    global hasworktree
     global varcid vposids vnegids vflags vrevs
     global show_notes
 
-    set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
+    set hasworktree [hasworktree]
     rereadrefs
     set view $curview
     if {$mainheadid ne $viewmainheadid_orig($view)} {
@@ -616,12 +641,16 @@
 
 proc resetvarcs {view} {
     global varcid varccommits parents children vseedcount ordertok
+    global vshortids
 
     foreach vid [array names varcid $view,*] {
 	unset varcid($vid)
 	unset children($vid)
 	unset parents($vid)
     }
+    foreach vid [array names vshortids $view,*] {
+	unset vshortids($vid)
+    }
     # some commits might have children but haven't been seen yet
     foreach vid [array names children $view,*] {
 	unset children($vid)
@@ -659,7 +688,7 @@
 	if {![info exists commitinfo($id)]} {
 	    parsecommit $id $commitdata($id) 1
 	}
-	set cdate [lindex $commitinfo($id) 4]
+	set cdate [lindex [lindex $commitinfo($id) 4] 0]
 	if {![string is integer -strict $cdate]} {
 	    set cdate 0
 	}
@@ -908,7 +937,7 @@
 proc insertrow {id p v} {
     global cmitlisted children parents varcid varctok vtokmod
     global varccommits ordertok commitidx numcommits curview
-    global targetid targetrow
+    global targetid targetrow vshortids
 
     readcommit $id
     set vid $v,$id
@@ -917,6 +946,7 @@
     set parents($vid) [list $p]
     set a [newvarc $v $id]
     set varcid($vid) $a
+    lappend vshortids($v,[string range $id 0 3]) $id
     if {[string compare [lindex $varctok($v) $a] $vtokmod($v)] < 0} {
 	modify_arc $v $a
     }
@@ -1372,7 +1402,7 @@
     global commitidx commitdata vdatemode
     global parents children curview hlview
     global idpending ordertok
-    global varccommits varcid varctok vtokmod vfilelimit
+    global varccommits varcid varctok vtokmod vfilelimit vshortids
 
     set stuff [read $fd 500000]
     # git log doesn't terminate the last commit with a null...
@@ -1472,6 +1502,8 @@
 	set id [lindex $ids 0]
 	set vid $view,$id
 
+	lappend vshortids($view,[string range $id 0 3]) $id
+
 	if {!$listed && $updating && ![info exists varcid($vid)] &&
 	    $vfilelimit($view) ne {}} {
 	    # git log doesn't rewrite parents for unlisted commits
@@ -1621,7 +1653,7 @@
 }
 
 proc parsecommit {id contents listed} {
-    global commitinfo cdate
+    global commitinfo
 
     set inhdr 1
     set comment {}
@@ -1641,10 +1673,10 @@
 	set line [split $line " "]
 	set tag [lindex $line 0]
 	if {$tag == "author"} {
-	    set audate [lindex $line end-1]
+	    set audate [lrange $line end-1 end]
 	    set auname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
 	} elseif {$tag == "committer"} {
-	    set comdate [lindex $line end-1]
+	    set comdate [lrange $line end-1 end]
 	    set comname [join [lrange $line 1 end-2] " "]
 	}
     }
@@ -1671,11 +1703,9 @@
 	}
 	set comment $newcomment
     }
-    if {$comdate != {}} {
-	set cdate($id) $comdate
-    }
+    set hasnote [string first "\nNotes:\n" $contents]
     set commitinfo($id) [list $headline $auname $audate \
-			     $comname $comdate $comment]
+			     $comname $comdate $comment $hasnote]
 }
 
 proc getcommit {id} {
@@ -1696,11 +1726,26 @@
 # and are present in the current view.
 # This is fairly slow...
 proc longid {prefix} {
-    global varcid curview
+    global varcid curview vshortids
 
     set ids {}
-    foreach match [array names varcid "$curview,$prefix*"] {
-	lappend ids [lindex [split $match ","] 1]
+    if {[string length $prefix] >= 4} {
+	set vshortid $curview,[string range $prefix 0 3]
+	if {[info exists vshortids($vshortid)]} {
+	    foreach id $vshortids($vshortid) {
+		if {[string match "$prefix*" $id]} {
+		    if {[lsearch -exact $ids $id] < 0} {
+			lappend ids $id
+			if {[llength $ids] >= 2} break
+		    }
+		}
+	    }
+	}
+    } else {
+	foreach match [array names varcid "$curview,$prefix*"] {
+	    lappend ids [lindex [split $match ","] 1]
+	    if {[llength $ids] >= 2} break
+	}
     }
     return $ids
 }
@@ -1993,7 +2038,7 @@
     set file {
 	mc "File" cascade {
 	    {mc "Update" command updatecommits -accelerator F5}
-	    {mc "Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Meta1-F5}
+	    {mc "Reload" command reloadcommits -accelerator Shift-F5}
 	    {mc "Reread references" command rereadrefs}
 	    {mc "List references" command showrefs -accelerator F2}
 	    {xx "" separator}
@@ -2116,7 +2161,7 @@
     trace add variable sha1string write sha1change
     pack $sha1entry -side left -pady 2
 
-    image create bitmap bm-left -data {
+    set bm_left_data {
 	#define left_width 16
 	#define left_height 16
 	static unsigned char left_bits[] = {
@@ -2124,7 +2169,7 @@
 	0x0e, 0x00, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x1c, 0x00,
 	0x38, 0x00, 0x70, 0x00, 0xe0, 0x00, 0xc0, 0x01};
     }
-    image create bitmap bm-right -data {
+    set bm_right_data {
 	#define right_width 16
 	#define right_height 16
 	static unsigned char right_bits[] = {
@@ -2132,11 +2177,24 @@
 	0x00, 0x38, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0xff, 0x7f, 0x00, 0x38, 0x00, 0x1c,
 	0x00, 0x0e, 0x00, 0x07, 0x80, 0x03, 0xc0, 0x01};
     }
-    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.leftbut -image bm-left -command goback \
-	-state disabled -width 26
+    image create bitmap bm-left -data $bm_left_data
+    image create bitmap bm-left-gray -data $bm_left_data -foreground "#999"
+    image create bitmap bm-right -data $bm_right_data
+    image create bitmap bm-right-gray -data $bm_right_data -foreground "#999"
+
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.leftbut -command goback -state disabled -width 26
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut configure -image [list bm-left disabled bm-left-gray]
+    } else {
+	.tf.bar.leftbut configure -image bm-left
+    }
     pack .tf.bar.leftbut -side left -fill y
-    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.rightbut -image bm-right -command goforw \
-	-state disabled -width 26
+    ${NS}::button .tf.bar.rightbut -command goforw -state disabled -width 26
+    if {$use_ttk} {
+	.tf.bar.rightbut configure -image [list bm-right disabled bm-right-gray]
+    } else {
+	.tf.bar.rightbut configure -image bm-right
+    }
     pack .tf.bar.rightbut -side left -fill y
 
     ${NS}::label .tf.bar.rowlabel -text [mc "Row"]
@@ -2316,6 +2374,8 @@
     $ctext tag conf mresult -font textfontbold
     $ctext tag conf msep -font textfontbold
     $ctext tag conf found -back yellow
+    $ctext tag conf currentsearchhit -back orange
+    $ctext tag conf wwrap -wrap word
 
     .pwbottom add .bleft
     if {!$use_ttk} {
@@ -2437,9 +2497,9 @@
     bindkey n "selnextline 1"
     bindkey z "goback"
     bindkey x "goforw"
-    bindkey i "selnextline -1"
-    bindkey k "selnextline 1"
-    bindkey j "goback"
+    bindkey k "selnextline -1"
+    bindkey j "selnextline 1"
+    bindkey h "goback"
     bindkey l "goforw"
     bindkey b prevfile
     bindkey d "$ctext yview scroll 18 units"
@@ -2450,10 +2510,9 @@
     bindkey ? {dofind -1 1}
     bindkey f nextfile
     bind . <F5> updatecommits
-    bind . <$M1B-F5> reloadcommits
+    bindmodfunctionkey Shift 5 reloadcommits
     bind . <F2> showrefs
-    bind . <Shift-F4> {newview 0}
-    catch { bind . <Shift-Key-XF86_Switch_VT_4> {newview 0} }
+    bindmodfunctionkey Shift 4 {newview 0}
     bind . <F4> edit_or_newview
     bind . <$M1B-q> doquit
     bind . <$M1B-f> {dofind 1 1}
@@ -2478,6 +2537,7 @@
     bind $cflist $ctxbut {pop_flist_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
     bind $ctext $ctxbut {pop_diff_menu %W %X %Y %x %y}
     bind $ctext <Button-1> {focus %W}
+    bind $ctext <<Selection>> rehighlight_search_results
 
     set maincursor [. cget -cursor]
     set textcursor [$ctext cget -cursor]
@@ -2497,6 +2557,8 @@
 	{mc "Return to mark" command gotomark}
 	{mc "Find descendant of this and mark" command find_common_desc}
 	{mc "Compare with marked commit" command compare_commits}
+	{mc "Diff this -> marked commit" command {diffvsmark 0}}
+	{mc "Diff marked commit -> this" command {diffvsmark 1}}
     }
     $rowctxmenu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2505,6 +2567,8 @@
 	{mc "Diff this -> selected" command {diffvssel 0}}
 	{mc "Diff selected -> this" command {diffvssel 1}}
 	{mc "Make patch" command mkpatch}
+	{mc "Diff this -> marked commit" command {diffvsmark 0}}
+	{mc "Diff marked commit -> this" command {diffvsmark 1}}
     }
     $fakerowmenu configure -tearoff 0
 
@@ -2597,6 +2661,11 @@
     }
 }
 
+proc bindmodfunctionkey {mod n script} {
+    bind . <$mod-F$n> $script
+    catch { bind . <$mod-XF86_Switch_VT_$n> $script }
+}
+
 # set the focus back to the toplevel for any click outside
 # the entry widgets
 proc click {w} {
@@ -2653,7 +2722,7 @@
     global cmitmode wrapcomment datetimeformat limitdiffs
     global colors uicolor bgcolor fgcolor diffcolors diffcontext selectbgcolor
     global autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs markbgcolor use_ttk
-    global hideremotes want_ttk
+    global hideremotes want_ttk maxrefs
 
     if {$stuffsaved} return
     if {![winfo viewable .]} return
@@ -2675,6 +2744,7 @@
 	puts $f [list set autoselect $autoselect]
 	puts $f [list set autosellen $autosellen]
 	puts $f [list set showneartags $showneartags]
+	puts $f [list set maxrefs $maxrefs]
 	puts $f [list set hideremotes $hideremotes]
 	puts $f [list set showlocalchanges $showlocalchanges]
 	puts $f [list set datetimeformat $datetimeformat]
@@ -2815,7 +2885,7 @@
     message $w.m -text [mc "
 Gitk - a commit viewer for git
 
-Copyright \u00a9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras
+Copyright \u00a9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras
 
 Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"] \
 	    -justify center -aspect 400 -border 2 -bg white -relief groove
@@ -2850,9 +2920,9 @@
 [mc "<%s-W>		Close window" $M1T]
 [mc "<Home>		Move to first commit"]
 [mc "<End>		Move to last commit"]
-[mc "<Up>, p, i	Move up one commit"]
-[mc "<Down>, n, k	Move down one commit"]
-[mc "<Left>, z, j	Go back in history list"]
+[mc "<Up>, p, k	Move up one commit"]
+[mc "<Down>, n, j	Move down one commit"]
+[mc "<Left>, z, h	Go back in history list"]
 [mc "<Right>, x, l	Go forward in history list"]
 [mc "<PageUp>	Move up one page in commit list"]
 [mc "<PageDown>	Move down one page in commit list"]
@@ -3260,6 +3330,7 @@
     } else {
 	catch {$ctext yview [lindex $difffilestart [expr {$l - 2}]]}
     }
+    suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
 }
 
 proc pop_flist_menu {w X Y x y} {
@@ -3333,8 +3404,7 @@
     global diffnum gitktmpdir gitdir
 
     if {![info exists gitktmpdir]} {
-	set gitktmpdir [file join [file dirname $gitdir] \
-			    [format ".gitk-tmp.%s" [pid]]]
+	set gitktmpdir [file join $gitdir [format ".gitk-tmp.%s" [pid]]]
 	if {[catch {file mkdir $gitktmpdir} err]} {
 	    error_popup "[mc "Error creating temporary directory %s:" $gitktmpdir] $err"
 	    unset gitktmpdir
@@ -3366,10 +3436,10 @@
 
 proc external_diff_get_one_file {diffid filename diffdir} {
     global nullid nullid2 nullfile
-    global gitdir
+    global worktree
 
     if {$diffid == $nullid} {
-        set difffile [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $filename]
+        set difffile [file join $worktree $filename]
 	if {[file exists $difffile]} {
 	    return $difffile
 	}
@@ -3559,7 +3629,7 @@
 }
 
 proc external_blame {parent_idx {line {}}} {
-    global flist_menu_file gitdir
+    global flist_menu_file cdup
     global nullid nullid2
     global parentlist selectedline currentid
 
@@ -3578,7 +3648,7 @@
     if {$line ne {} && $line > 1} {
 	lappend cmdline "--line=$line"
     }
-    set f [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
+    set f [file join $cdup $flist_menu_file]
     # Unfortunately it seems git gui blame doesn't like
     # being given an absolute path...
     set f [make_relative $f]
@@ -3591,7 +3661,7 @@
 proc show_line_source {} {
     global cmitmode currentid parents curview blamestuff blameinst
     global diff_menu_line diff_menu_filebase flist_menu_file
-    global nullid nullid2 gitdir
+    global nullid nullid2 gitdir cdup
 
     set from_index {}
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} {
@@ -3644,7 +3714,7 @@
     } else {
 	lappend blameargs $id
     }
-    lappend blameargs -- [file join [file dirname $gitdir] $flist_menu_file]
+    lappend blameargs -- [file join $cdup $flist_menu_file]
     if {[catch {
 	set f [open $blameargs r]
     } err]} {
@@ -4529,12 +4599,22 @@
 
 proc do_file_hl {serial} {
     global highlight_files filehighlight highlight_paths gdttype fhl_list
+    global cdup findtype
 
     if {$gdttype eq [mc "touching paths:"]} {
+	# If "exact" match then convert backslashes to forward slashes.
+	# Most useful to support Windows-flavoured file paths.
+	if {$findtype eq [mc "Exact"]} {
+	    set highlight_files [string map {"\\" "/"} $highlight_files]
+	}
 	if {[catch {set paths [shellsplit $highlight_files]}]} return
 	set highlight_paths [makepatterns $paths]
 	highlight_filelist
-	set gdtargs [concat -- $paths]
+	set relative_paths {}
+	foreach path $paths {
+	    lappend relative_paths [file join $cdup $path]
+	}
+	set gdtargs [concat -- $relative_paths]
     } elseif {$gdttype eq [mc "adding/removing string:"]} {
 	set gdtargs [list "-S$highlight_files"]
     } else {
@@ -4627,8 +4707,9 @@
     }
     set info $commitinfo($id)
     set isbold 0
-    set fldtypes [list [mc Headline] [mc Author] [mc Date] [mc Committer] [mc CDate] [mc Comments]]
+    set fldtypes [list [mc Headline] [mc Author] "" [mc Committer] "" [mc Comments]]
     foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
+	if {$ty eq ""} continue
 	if {($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq $ty) &&
 	    [doesmatch $f]} {
 	    if {$ty eq [mc "Author"]} {
@@ -5031,9 +5112,9 @@
 # spawn off a process to do git diff-index --cached HEAD
 proc dodiffindex {} {
     global lserial showlocalchanges vfilelimit curview
-    global isworktree
+    global hasworktree
 
-    if {!$showlocalchanges || !$isworktree} return
+    if {!$showlocalchanges || !$hasworktree} return
     incr lserial
     set cmd "|git diff-index --cached HEAD"
     if {$vfilelimit($curview) ne {}} {
@@ -5899,6 +5980,9 @@
 	|| [info exists idotherrefs($id)]} {
 	set xt [drawtags $id $x $xt $y]
     }
+    if {[lindex $commitinfo($id) 6] > 0} {
+	set xt [drawnotesign $xt $y]
+    }
     set headline [lindex $commitinfo($id) 0]
     set name [lindex $commitinfo($id) 1]
     set date [lindex $commitinfo($id) 2]
@@ -6345,6 +6429,17 @@
     return $xt
 }
 
+proc drawnotesign {xt y} {
+    global linespc canv fgcolor
+
+    set orad [expr {$linespc / 3}]
+    set t [$canv create rectangle [expr {$xt - $orad}] [expr {$y - $orad}] \
+	       [expr {$xt + $orad - 1}] [expr {$y + $orad - 1}] \
+	       -fill yellow -outline $fgcolor -width 1 -tags circle]
+    set xt [expr {$xt + $orad * 3}]
+    return $xt
+}
+
 proc xcoord {i level ln} {
     global canvx0 xspc1 xspc2
 
@@ -6475,7 +6570,7 @@
     if {![info exists find_dirn]} {
 	return 0
     }
-    set fldtypes [list [mc "Headline"] [mc "Author"] [mc "Date"] [mc "Committer"] [mc "CDate"] [mc "Comments"]]
+    set fldtypes [list [mc "Headline"] [mc "Author"] "" [mc "Committer"] "" [mc "Comments"]]
     set l $findcurline
     set moretodo 0
     if {$find_dirn > 0} {
@@ -6536,6 +6631,7 @@
 	    }
 	    set info $commitinfo($id)
 	    foreach f $info ty $fldtypes {
+		if {$ty eq ""} continue
 		if {($findloc eq [mc "All fields"] || $findloc eq $ty) &&
 		    [doesmatch $f]} {
 		    set found 1
@@ -6688,7 +6784,7 @@
 
     set start [$ctext index "end - 1c"]
     $ctext insert end $text $tags
-    set links [regexp -indices -all -inline {\m[0-9a-f]{6,40}\M} $text]
+    set links [regexp -indices -all -inline {(?:\m|-g)[0-9a-f]{6,40}\M} $text]
     foreach l $links {
 	set s [lindex $l 0]
 	set e [lindex $l 1]
@@ -6704,6 +6800,10 @@
 proc setlink {id lk} {
     global curview ctext pendinglinks
 
+    if {[string range $id 0 1] eq "-g"} {
+      set id [string range $id 2 end]
+    }
+
     set known 0
     if {[string length $id] < 40} {
 	set matches [longid $id]
@@ -6779,7 +6879,7 @@
 # add a list of tag or branch names at position pos
 # returns the number of names inserted
 proc appendrefs {pos ids var} {
-    global ctext linknum curview $var maxrefs
+    global ctext linknum curview $var maxrefs mainheadid
 
     if {[catch {$ctext index $pos}]} {
 	return 0
@@ -6792,24 +6892,54 @@
 	    lappend tags [list $tag $id]
 	}
     }
+
+    set sep {}
+    set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
+    set nutags 0
+
     if {[llength $tags] > $maxrefs} {
-	$ctext insert $pos "[mc "many"] ([llength $tags])"
-    } else {
-	set tags [lsort -index 0 -decreasing $tags]
-	set sep {}
-	foreach ti $tags {
-	    set id [lindex $ti 1]
-	    set lk link$linknum
-	    incr linknum
-	    $ctext tag delete $lk
-	    $ctext insert $pos $sep
-	    $ctext insert $pos [lindex $ti 0] $lk
-	    setlink $id $lk
-	    set sep ", "
+	# If we are displaying heads, and there are too many,
+	# see if there are some important heads to display.
+	# Currently this means "master" and the current head.
+	set itags {}
+	if {$var eq "idheads"} {
+	    set utags {}
+	    foreach ti $tags {
+		set hname [lindex $ti 0]
+		set id [lindex $ti 1]
+		if {($hname eq "master" || $id eq $mainheadid) &&
+		    [llength $itags] < $maxrefs} {
+		    lappend itags $ti
+		} else {
+		    lappend utags $ti
+		}
+	    }
+	    set tags $utags
 	}
+	if {$itags ne {}} {
+	    set str [mc "and many more"]
+	    set sep " "
+	} else {
+	    set str [mc "many"]
+	}
+	$ctext insert $pos "$str ([llength $tags])"
+	set nutags [llength $tags]
+	set tags $itags
     }
+
+    foreach ti $tags {
+	set id [lindex $ti 1]
+	set lk link$linknum
+	incr linknum
+	$ctext tag delete $lk
+	$ctext insert $pos $sep
+	$ctext insert $pos [lindex $ti 0] $lk
+	setlink $id $lk
+	set sep ", "
+    }
+    $ctext tag add wwrap "$pos linestart" "$pos lineend"
     $ctext conf -state disabled
-    return [llength $tags]
+    return [expr {[llength $tags] + $nutags}]
 }
 
 # called when we have finished computing the nearby tags
@@ -7376,19 +7506,15 @@
     }
 }
 
+# If the filename (name) is under any of the passed filter paths
+# then return true to include the file in the listing.
 proc path_filter {filter name} {
+    set worktree [gitworktree]
     foreach p $filter {
-	set l [string length $p]
-	if {[string index $p end] eq "/"} {
-	    if {[string compare -length $l $p $name] == 0} {
-		return 1
-	    }
-	} else {
-	    if {[string compare -length $l $p $name] == 0 &&
-		([string length $name] == $l ||
-		 [string index $name $l] eq "/")} {
-		return 1
-	    }
+	set fq_p [file normalize $p]
+	set fq_n [file normalize [file join $worktree $name]]
+	if {[string match [file normalize $fq_p]* $fq_n]} {
+	    return 1
 	}
     }
     return 0
@@ -7402,7 +7528,7 @@
 }
 
 proc diffcmd {ids flags} {
-    global nullid nullid2
+    global log_showroot nullid nullid2
 
     set i [lsearch -exact $ids $nullid]
     set j [lsearch -exact $ids $nullid2]
@@ -7436,6 +7562,9 @@
 	    lappend cmd HEAD
 	}
     } else {
+	if {$log_showroot} {
+	    lappend flags --root
+	}
 	set cmd [concat | git diff-tree -r $flags $ids]
     }
     return $cmd
@@ -7870,32 +7999,45 @@
     $ctext tag conf dresult -elide [lindex $diffelide 1]
 }
 
-proc highlightfile {loc cline} {
-    global ctext cflist cflist_top
+proc highlightfile {cline} {
+    global cflist cflist_top
 
-    $ctext yview $loc
+    if {![info exists cflist_top]} return
+
     $cflist tag remove highlight $cflist_top.0 "$cflist_top.0 lineend"
     $cflist tag add highlight $cline.0 "$cline.0 lineend"
     $cflist see $cline.0
     set cflist_top $cline
 }
 
+proc highlightfile_for_scrollpos {topidx} {
+    global cmitmode difffilestart
+
+    if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
+    if {![info exists difffilestart]} return
+
+    set top [lindex [split $topidx .] 0]
+    if {$difffilestart eq {} || $top < [lindex $difffilestart 0]} {
+	highlightfile 0
+    } else {
+	highlightfile [expr {[bsearch $difffilestart $top] + 2}]
+    }
+}
+
 proc prevfile {} {
     global difffilestart ctext cmitmode
 
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
     set prev 0.0
-    set prevline 1
     set here [$ctext index @0,0]
     foreach loc $difffilestart {
 	if {[$ctext compare $loc >= $here]} {
-	    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+	    $ctext yview $prev
 	    return
 	}
 	set prev $loc
-	incr prevline
     }
-    highlightfile $prev $prevline
+    $ctext yview $prev
 }
 
 proc nextfile {} {
@@ -7903,11 +8045,9 @@
 
     if {$cmitmode eq "tree"} return
     set here [$ctext index @0,0]
-    set line 1
     foreach loc $difffilestart {
-	incr line
 	if {[$ctext compare $loc > $here]} {
-	    highlightfile $loc $line
+	    $ctext yview $loc
 	    return
 	}
     }
@@ -7953,7 +8093,6 @@
 proc incrsearch {name ix op} {
     global ctext searchstring searchdirn
 
-    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
     if {[catch {$ctext index anchor}]} {
 	# no anchor set, use start of selection, or of visible area
 	set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
@@ -7966,12 +8105,17 @@
 	}
     }
     if {$searchstring ne {}} {
-	set here [$ctext search $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
+	set here [$ctext search -count mlen $searchdirn -- $searchstring anchor]
 	if {$here ne {}} {
 	    $ctext see $here
+	    set mend "$here + $mlen c"
+	    $ctext tag remove sel 1.0 end
+	    $ctext tag add sel $here $mend
+	    suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	    highlightfile_for_scrollpos $here
 	}
-	searchmarkvisible 1
     }
+    rehighlight_search_results
 }
 
 proc dosearch {} {
@@ -7994,9 +8138,12 @@
 	    return
 	}
 	$ctext see $match
+	suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $match
 	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
 	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
 	$ctext mark unset anchor
+	rehighlight_search_results
     }
 }
 
@@ -8020,21 +8167,41 @@
 	    return
 	}
 	$ctext see $match
+	suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $match
 	set mend "$match + $ml c"
 	$ctext tag add sel $match $mend
 	$ctext mark unset anchor
+	rehighlight_search_results
+    }
+}
+
+proc rehighlight_search_results {} {
+    global ctext searchstring
+
+    $ctext tag remove found 1.0 end
+    $ctext tag remove currentsearchhit 1.0 end
+
+    if {$searchstring ne {}} {
+	searchmarkvisible 1
     }
 }
 
 proc searchmark {first last} {
     global ctext searchstring
 
+    set sel [$ctext tag ranges sel]
+
     set mend $first.0
     while {1} {
 	set match [$ctext search -count mlen -- $searchstring $mend $last.end]
 	if {$match eq {}} break
 	set mend "$match + $mlen c"
-	$ctext tag add found $match $mend
+	if {$sel ne {} && [$ctext compare $match == [lindex $sel 0]]} {
+	    $ctext tag add currentsearchhit $match $mend
+	} else {
+	    $ctext tag add found $match $mend
+	}
     }
 }
 
@@ -8060,8 +8227,23 @@
     }
 }
 
+proc suppress_highlighting_file_for_current_scrollpos {} {
+    global ctext suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos
+
+    set suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos [$ctext index @0,0]
+}
+
 proc scrolltext {f0 f1} {
-    global searchstring
+    global searchstring cmitmode ctext
+    global suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos
+
+    set topidx [$ctext index @0,0]
+    if {![info exists suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos]
+	|| $topidx ne $suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos} {
+	highlightfile_for_scrollpos $topidx
+    }
+
+    catch {unset suppress_highlighting_file_for_this_scrollpos}
 
     .bleft.bottom.sb set $f0 $f1
     if {$searchstring ne {}} {
@@ -8425,6 +8607,11 @@
     } else {
 	set state normal
     }
+    if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid ne $id} {
+	set mstate normal
+    } else {
+	set mstate disabled
+    }
     if {$id ne $nullid && $id ne $nullid2} {
 	set menu $rowctxmenu
 	if {$mainhead ne {}} {
@@ -8432,21 +8619,17 @@
 	} else {
 	    $menu entryconfigure 7 -label [mc "Detached head: can't reset" $mainhead] -state disabled
 	}
-	if {[info exists markedid] && $markedid ne $id} {
-	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state normal
-	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state normal
-	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state normal
-	} else {
-	    $menu entryconfigure 9 -state disabled
-	    $menu entryconfigure 10 -state disabled
-	    $menu entryconfigure 11 -state disabled
-	}
+	$menu entryconfigure 9 -state $mstate
+	$menu entryconfigure 10 -state $mstate
+	$menu entryconfigure 11 -state $mstate
     } else {
 	set menu $fakerowmenu
     }
     $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff this -> selected"] -state $state
     $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff selected -> this"] -state $state
     $menu entryconfigure [mca "Make patch"] -state $state
+    $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff this -> marked commit"] -state $mstate
+    $menu entryconfigure [mca "Diff marked commit -> this"] -state $mstate
     tk_popup $menu $x $y
 }
 
@@ -8650,6 +8833,21 @@
     doseldiff $oldid $newid
 }
 
+proc diffvsmark {dirn} {
+    global rowmenuid markedid
+
+    if {![info exists markedid]} return
+    if {$dirn} {
+	set oldid $markedid
+	set newid $rowmenuid
+    } else {
+	set oldid $rowmenuid
+	set newid $markedid
+    }
+    addtohistory [list doseldiff $oldid $newid] savectextpos
+    doseldiff $oldid $newid
+}
+
 proc doseldiff {oldid newid} {
     global ctext
     global commitinfo
@@ -9043,6 +9241,7 @@
 proc cherrypick {} {
     global rowmenuid curview
     global mainhead mainheadid
+    global gitdir
 
     set oldhead [exec git rev-parse HEAD]
     set dheads [descheads $rowmenuid]
@@ -9071,7 +9270,7 @@
 			conflict.\nDo you wish to run git citool to\
 			resolve it?"]]} {
 		# Force citool to read MERGE_MSG
-		file delete [file join [gitdir] "GITGUI_MSG"]
+		file delete [file join $gitdir "GITGUI_MSG"]
 		exec_citool {} $rowmenuid
 	    }
 	} else {
@@ -9437,6 +9636,7 @@
 proc getallcommits {} {
     global allcommits nextarc seeds allccache allcwait cachedarcs allcupdate
     global idheads idtags idotherrefs allparents tagobjid
+    global gitdir
 
     if {![info exists allcommits]} {
 	set nextarc 0
@@ -9444,7 +9644,7 @@
 	set seeds {}
 	set allcwait 0
 	set cachedarcs 0
-	set allccache [file join [gitdir] "gitk.cache"]
+	set allccache [file join $gitdir "gitk.cache"]
 	if {![catch {
 	    set f [open $allccache r]
 	    set allcwait 1
@@ -10414,13 +10614,13 @@
 # including id itself if it has a head.
 proc descheads {id} {
     global arcnos arcstart arcids archeads idheads cached_dheads
-    global allparents
+    global allparents arcout
 
     if {![info exists allparents($id)]} {
 	return {}
     }
     set aret {}
-    if {[llength $arcnos($id)] == 1 && [llength $allparents($id)] == 1} {
+    if {![info exists arcout($id)]} {
 	# part-way along an arc; check it first
 	set a [lindex $arcnos($id) 0]
 	if {$archeads($a) ne {}} {
@@ -10504,7 +10704,7 @@
 }
 
 proc changedrefs {} {
-    global cached_dheads cached_dtags cached_atags
+    global cached_dheads cached_dtags cached_atags cached_tagcontent
     global arctags archeads arcnos arcout idheads idtags
 
     foreach id [concat [array names idheads] [array names idtags]] {
@@ -10516,6 +10716,7 @@
 	    }
 	}
     }
+    catch {unset cached_tagcontent}
     catch {unset cached_dtags}
     catch {unset cached_atags}
     catch {unset cached_dheads}
@@ -10568,7 +10769,7 @@
 }
 
 proc showtag {tag isnew} {
-    global ctext tagcontents tagids linknum tagobjid
+    global ctext cached_tagcontent tagids linknum tagobjid
 
     if {$isnew} {
 	addtohistory [list showtag $tag 0] savectextpos
@@ -10577,13 +10778,13 @@
     clear_ctext
     settabs 0
     set linknum 0
-    if {![info exists tagcontents($tag)]} {
+    if {![info exists cached_tagcontent($tag)]} {
 	catch {
-           set tagcontents($tag) [exec git cat-file tag $tag]
+           set cached_tagcontent($tag) [exec git cat-file tag $tag]
 	}
     }
-    if {[info exists tagcontents($tag)]} {
-	set text $tagcontents($tag)
+    if {[info exists cached_tagcontent($tag)]} {
+	set text $cached_tagcontent($tag)
     } else {
 	set text "[mc "Tag"]: $tag\n[mc "Id"]:  $tagids($tag)"
     }
@@ -10700,7 +10901,7 @@
     if {$fontparam(slant) eq "italic"} {
 	lappend fontpref($f) "italic"
     }
-    set w $prefstop.$f
+    set w $prefstop.notebook.fonts.$f
     $w conf -text $fontparam(family) -font $fontpref($f)
 
     fontcan
@@ -10754,6 +10955,142 @@
     font config sample -$sub $fontparam($sub)
 }
 
+# Create a property sheet tab page
+proc create_prefs_page {w} {
+    global NS
+    set parent [join [lrange [split $w .] 0 end-1] .]
+    if {[winfo class $parent] eq "TNotebook"} {
+	${NS}::frame $w
+    } else {
+	${NS}::labelframe $w
+    }
+}
+
+proc prefspage_general {notebook} {
+    global NS maxwidth maxgraphpct showneartags showlocalchanges
+    global tabstop limitdiffs autoselect autosellen extdifftool perfile_attrs
+    global hideremotes want_ttk have_ttk maxrefs
+
+    set page [create_prefs_page $notebook.general]
+
+    ${NS}::label $page.ldisp -text [mc "Commit list display options"]
+    grid $page.ldisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    ${NS}::label $page.spacer -text " "
+    ${NS}::label $page.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"]
+    spinbox $page.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
+    grid $page.spacer $page.maxwidthl $page.maxwidth -sticky w
+    ${NS}::label $page.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"]
+    spinbox $page.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
+    grid x $page.maxpctl $page.maxpct -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.showlocal -text [mc "Show local changes"] \
+	-variable showlocalchanges
+    grid x $page.showlocal -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"] \
+	-variable autoselect
+    spinbox $page.autosellen -from 1 -to 40 -width 4 -textvariable autosellen
+    grid x $page.autoselect $page.autosellen -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.hideremotes -text [mc "Hide remote refs"] \
+	-variable hideremotes
+    grid x $page.hideremotes -sticky w
+
+    ${NS}::label $page.ddisp -text [mc "Diff display options"]
+    grid $page.ddisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    ${NS}::label $page.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"]
+    spinbox $page.tabstop -from 1 -to 20 -width 4 -textvariable tabstop
+    grid x $page.tabstopl $page.tabstop -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags/heads"] \
+	-variable showneartags
+    grid x $page.ntag -sticky w
+    ${NS}::label $page.maxrefsl -text [mc "Maximum # tags/heads to show"]
+    spinbox $page.maxrefs -from 1 -to 1000 -width 4 -textvariable maxrefs
+    grid x $page.maxrefsl $page.maxrefs -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.ldiff -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] \
+	-variable limitdiffs
+    grid x $page.ldiff -sticky w
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.lattr -text [mc "Support per-file encodings"] \
+	-variable perfile_attrs
+    grid x $page.lattr -sticky w
+
+    ${NS}::entry $page.extdifft -textvariable extdifftool
+    ${NS}::frame $page.extdifff
+    ${NS}::label $page.extdifff.l -text [mc "External diff tool" ]
+    ${NS}::button $page.extdifff.b -text [mc "Choose..."] -command choose_extdiff
+    pack $page.extdifff.l $page.extdifff.b -side left
+    pack configure $page.extdifff.l -padx 10
+    grid x $page.extdifff $page.extdifft -sticky ew
+
+    ${NS}::label $page.lgen -text [mc "General options"]
+    grid $page.lgen - -sticky w -pady 10
+    ${NS}::checkbutton $page.want_ttk -variable want_ttk \
+	-text [mc "Use themed widgets"]
+    if {$have_ttk} {
+	${NS}::label $page.ttk_note -text [mc "(change requires restart)"]
+    } else {
+	${NS}::label $page.ttk_note -text [mc "(currently unavailable)"]
+    }
+    grid x $page.want_ttk $page.ttk_note -sticky w
+    return $page
+}
+
+proc prefspage_colors {notebook} {
+    global NS uicolor bgcolor fgcolor ctext diffcolors selectbgcolor markbgcolor
+
+    set page [create_prefs_page $notebook.colors]
+
+    ${NS}::label $page.cdisp -text [mc "Colors: press to choose"]
+    grid $page.cdisp - -sticky w -pady 10
+    label $page.ui -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $uicolor
+    ${NS}::button $page.uibut -text [mc "Interface"] \
+       -command [list choosecolor uicolor {} $page.ui [mc "interface"] setui]
+    grid x $page.uibut $page.ui -sticky w
+    label $page.bg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $bgcolor
+    ${NS}::button $page.bgbut -text [mc "Background"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor {} $page.bg [mc "background"] setbg]
+    grid x $page.bgbut $page.bg -sticky w
+    label $page.fg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $fgcolor
+    ${NS}::button $page.fgbut -text [mc "Foreground"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor {} $page.fg [mc "foreground"] setfg]
+    grid x $page.fgbut $page.fg -sticky w
+    label $page.diffold -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 0]
+    ${NS}::button $page.diffoldbut -text [mc "Diff: old lines"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $page.diffold [mc "diff old lines"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf d0 -foreground]]
+    grid x $page.diffoldbut $page.diffold -sticky w
+    label $page.diffnew -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 1]
+    ${NS}::button $page.diffnewbut -text [mc "Diff: new lines"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $page.diffnew [mc "diff new lines"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf dresult -foreground]]
+    grid x $page.diffnewbut $page.diffnew -sticky w
+    label $page.hunksep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 2]
+    ${NS}::button $page.hunksepbut -text [mc "Diff: hunk header"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 2 $page.hunksep \
+		      [mc "diff hunk header"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf hunksep -foreground]]
+    grid x $page.hunksepbut $page.hunksep -sticky w
+    label $page.markbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $markbgcolor
+    ${NS}::button $page.markbgbut -text [mc "Marked line bg"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor markbgcolor {} $page.markbgsep \
+		      [mc "marked line background"] \
+		      [list $ctext tag conf omark -background]]
+    grid x $page.markbgbut $page.markbgsep -sticky w
+    label $page.selbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $selectbgcolor
+    ${NS}::button $page.selbgbut -text [mc "Select bg"] \
+	-command [list choosecolor selectbgcolor {} $page.selbgsep [mc "background"] setselbg]
+    grid x $page.selbgbut $page.selbgsep -sticky w
+    return $page
+}
+
+proc prefspage_fonts {notebook} {
+    global NS
+    set page [create_prefs_page $notebook.fonts]
+    ${NS}::label $page.cfont -text [mc "Fonts: press to choose"]
+    grid $page.cfont - -sticky w -pady 10
+    mkfontdisp mainfont $page [mc "Main font"]
+    mkfontdisp textfont $page [mc "Diff display font"]
+    mkfontdisp uifont $page [mc "User interface font"]
+    return $page
+}
+
 proc doprefs {} {
     global maxwidth maxgraphpct use_ttk NS
     global oldprefs prefstop showneartags showlocalchanges
@@ -10774,106 +11111,38 @@
     ttk_toplevel $top
     wm title $top [mc "Gitk preferences"]
     make_transient $top .
-    ${NS}::label $top.ldisp -text [mc "Commit list display options"]
-    grid $top.ldisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    ${NS}::label $top.spacer -text " "
-    ${NS}::label $top.maxwidthl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (lines)"]
-    spinbox $top.maxwidth -from 0 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxwidth
-    grid $top.spacer $top.maxwidthl $top.maxwidth -sticky w
-    ${NS}::label $top.maxpctl -text [mc "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"]
-    spinbox $top.maxpct -from 1 -to 100 -width 4 -textvariable maxgraphpct
-    grid x $top.maxpctl $top.maxpct -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.showlocal -text [mc "Show local changes"] \
-	-variable showlocalchanges
-    grid x $top.showlocal -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.autoselect -text [mc "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"] \
-	-variable autoselect
-    spinbox $top.autosellen -from 1 -to 40 -width 4 -textvariable autosellen
-    grid x $top.autoselect $top.autosellen -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.hideremotes -text [mc "Hide remote refs"] \
-	-variable hideremotes
-    grid x $top.hideremotes -sticky w
 
-    ${NS}::label $top.ddisp -text [mc "Diff display options"]
-    grid $top.ddisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    ${NS}::label $top.tabstopl -text [mc "Tab spacing"]
-    spinbox $top.tabstop -from 1 -to 20 -width 4 -textvariable tabstop
-    grid x $top.tabstopl $top.tabstop -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.ntag -text [mc "Display nearby tags"] \
-	-variable showneartags
-    grid x $top.ntag -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.ldiff -text [mc "Limit diffs to listed paths"] \
-	-variable limitdiffs
-    grid x $top.ldiff -sticky w
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.lattr -text [mc "Support per-file encodings"] \
-	-variable perfile_attrs
-    grid x $top.lattr -sticky w
-
-    ${NS}::entry $top.extdifft -textvariable extdifftool
-    ${NS}::frame $top.extdifff
-    ${NS}::label $top.extdifff.l -text [mc "External diff tool" ]
-    ${NS}::button $top.extdifff.b -text [mc "Choose..."] -command choose_extdiff
-    pack $top.extdifff.l $top.extdifff.b -side left
-    pack configure $top.extdifff.l -padx 10
-    grid x $top.extdifff $top.extdifft -sticky ew
-
-    ${NS}::label $top.lgen -text [mc "General options"]
-    grid $top.lgen - -sticky w -pady 10
-    ${NS}::checkbutton $top.want_ttk -variable want_ttk \
-	-text [mc "Use themed widgets"]
-    if {$have_ttk} {
-	${NS}::label $top.ttk_note -text [mc "(change requires restart)"]
+    if {[set use_notebook [expr {$use_ttk && [info command ::ttk::notebook] ne ""}]]} {
+	set notebook [ttk::notebook $top.notebook]
     } else {
-	${NS}::label $top.ttk_note -text [mc "(currently unavailable)"]
+	set notebook [${NS}::frame $top.notebook -borderwidth 0 -relief flat]
     }
-    grid x $top.want_ttk $top.ttk_note -sticky w
 
-    ${NS}::label $top.cdisp -text [mc "Colors: press to choose"]
-    grid $top.cdisp - -sticky w -pady 10
-    label $top.ui -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $uicolor
-    ${NS}::button $top.uibut -text [mc "Interface"] \
-       -command [list choosecolor uicolor {} $top.ui [mc "interface"] setui]
-    grid x $top.uibut $top.ui -sticky w
-    label $top.bg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $bgcolor
-    ${NS}::button $top.bgbut -text [mc "Background"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor bgcolor {} $top.bg [mc "background"] setbg]
-    grid x $top.bgbut $top.bg -sticky w
-    label $top.fg -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $fgcolor
-    ${NS}::button $top.fgbut -text [mc "Foreground"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor fgcolor {} $top.fg [mc "foreground"] setfg]
-    grid x $top.fgbut $top.fg -sticky w
-    label $top.diffold -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 0]
-    ${NS}::button $top.diffoldbut -text [mc "Diff: old lines"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 0 $top.diffold [mc "diff old lines"] \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf d0 -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.diffoldbut $top.diffold -sticky w
-    label $top.diffnew -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 1]
-    ${NS}::button $top.diffnewbut -text [mc "Diff: new lines"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 1 $top.diffnew [mc "diff new lines"] \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf dresult -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.diffnewbut $top.diffnew -sticky w
-    label $top.hunksep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background [lindex $diffcolors 2]
-    ${NS}::button $top.hunksepbut -text [mc "Diff: hunk header"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor diffcolors 2 $top.hunksep \
-		      [mc "diff hunk header"] \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf hunksep -foreground]]
-    grid x $top.hunksepbut $top.hunksep -sticky w
-    label $top.markbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $markbgcolor
-    ${NS}::button $top.markbgbut -text [mc "Marked line bg"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor markbgcolor {} $top.markbgsep \
-		      [mc "marked line background"] \
-		      [list $ctext tag conf omark -background]]
-    grid x $top.markbgbut $top.markbgsep -sticky w
-    label $top.selbgsep -padx 40 -relief sunk -background $selectbgcolor
-    ${NS}::button $top.selbgbut -text [mc "Select bg"] \
-	-command [list choosecolor selectbgcolor {} $top.selbgsep [mc "background"] setselbg]
-    grid x $top.selbgbut $top.selbgsep -sticky w
+    lappend pages [prefspage_general $notebook] [mc "General"]
+    lappend pages [prefspage_colors $notebook] [mc "Colors"]
+    lappend pages [prefspage_fonts $notebook] [mc "Fonts"]
+    set col 0
+    foreach {page title} $pages {
+	if {$use_notebook} {
+	    $notebook add $page -text $title
+	} else {
+	    set btn [${NS}::button $notebook.b_[string map {. X} $page] \
+			 -text $title -command [list raise $page]]
+	    $page configure -text $title
+	    grid $btn -row 0 -column [incr col] -sticky w
+	    grid $page -row 1 -column 0 -sticky news -columnspan 100
+	}
+    }
 
-    ${NS}::label $top.cfont -text [mc "Fonts: press to choose"]
-    grid $top.cfont - -sticky w -pady 10
-    mkfontdisp mainfont $top [mc "Main font"]
-    mkfontdisp textfont $top [mc "Diff display font"]
-    mkfontdisp uifont $top [mc "User interface font"]
+    if {!$use_notebook} {
+	grid columnconfigure $notebook 0 -weight 1
+	grid rowconfigure $notebook 1 -weight 1
+	raise [lindex $pages 0]
+    }
+
+    grid $notebook -sticky news -padx 2 -pady 2
+    grid rowconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
+    grid columnconfigure $top 0 -weight 1
 
     ${NS}::frame $top.buts
     ${NS}::button $top.buts.ok -text [mc "OK"] -command prefsok -default active
@@ -10885,7 +11154,7 @@
     grid columnconfigure $top.buts 1 -weight 1 -uniform a
     grid $top.buts - - -pady 10 -sticky ew
     grid columnconfigure $top 2 -weight 1
-    bind $top <Visibility> "focus $top.buts.ok"
+    bind $top <Visibility> [list focus $top.buts.ok]
 }
 
 proc choose_extdiff {} {
@@ -11024,7 +11293,7 @@
 proc formatdate {d} {
     global datetimeformat
     if {$d ne {}} {
-	set d [clock format $d -format $datetimeformat]
+	set d [clock format [lindex $d 0] -format $datetimeformat]
     }
     return $d
 }
@@ -11372,6 +11641,11 @@
     exit 1
 }
 
+# Unset GIT_TRACE var if set
+if { [info exists ::env(GIT_TRACE)] } {
+    unset ::env(GIT_TRACE)
+}
+
 # defaults...
 set wrcomcmd "git diff-tree --stdin -p --pretty"
 
@@ -11403,10 +11677,20 @@
     }
 }
 
+set log_showroot true
+catch {
+    set log_showroot [exec git config --bool --get log.showroot]
+}
+
 if {[tk windowingsystem] eq "aqua"} {
     set mainfont {{Lucida Grande} 9}
     set textfont {Monaco 9}
     set uifont {{Lucida Grande} 9 bold}
+} elseif {![catch {::tk::pkgconfig get fontsystem} xft] && $xft eq "xft"} {
+    # fontconfig!
+    set mainfont {sans 9}
+    set textfont {monospace 9}
+    set uifont {sans 9 bold}
 } else {
     set mainfont {Helvetica 9}
     set textfont {Courier 9}
@@ -11505,14 +11789,10 @@
 setoptions
 
 # check that we can find a .git directory somewhere...
-if {[catch {set gitdir [gitdir]}]} {
+if {[catch {set gitdir [exec git rev-parse --git-dir]}]} {
     show_error {} . [mc "Cannot find a git repository here."]
     exit 1
 }
-if {![file isdirectory $gitdir]} {
-    show_error {} . [mc "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"." $gitdir]
-    exit 1
-}
 
 set selecthead {}
 set selectheadid {}
@@ -11592,6 +11872,8 @@
     set show_notes "--show-notes"
 }
 
+set appname "gitk"
+
 set runq {}
 set history {}
 set historyindex 0
@@ -11628,7 +11910,12 @@
 set stuffsaved 0
 set patchnum 0
 set lserial 0
-set isworktree [expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]
+set hasworktree [hasworktree]
+set cdup {}
+if {[expr {[exec git rev-parse --is-inside-work-tree] == "true"}]} {
+    set cdup [exec git rev-parse --show-cdup]
+}
+set worktree [exec git rev-parse --show-toplevel]
 setcoords
 makewindow
 catch {
@@ -11656,7 +11943,7 @@
 }
 # wait for the window to become visible
 tkwait visibility .
-wm title . "[file tail $argv0]: [file tail [pwd]]"
+wm title . "$appname: [reponame]"
 update
 readrefs
 
diff --git a/gitk-git/po/sv.po b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
index 2f07a2e..8cc98dc 100644
--- a/gitk-git/po/sv.po
+++ b/gitk-git/po/sv.po
@@ -1,40 +1,50 @@
 # Swedish translation for gitk
-# Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras
+# Copyright (C) 2005-2012 Paul Mackerras
 # This file is distributed under the same license as the gitk package.
 #
-# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008-2010.
 # Mikael Magnusson <mikachu@gmail.com>, 2008.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2012.
+#
 msgid ""
 msgstr ""
 "Project-Id-Version: sv\n"
 "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-12 21:14+0100\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-09-12 21:16+0100\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-10-03 08:09+0100\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-10-03 08:13+0100\n"
 "Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
 "Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
+"Language: sv\n"
 "MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
 "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
-"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
 
-#: gitk:115
+#: gitk:140
 msgid "Couldn't get list of unmerged files:"
 msgstr "Kunde inte hämta lista över ej sammanslagna filer:"
 
-#: gitk:274
+#: gitk:210 gitk:2317
+msgid "Color words"
+msgstr "Färga ord"
+
+#: gitk:215 gitk:2317 gitk:7888 gitk:7921
+msgid "Markup words"
+msgstr "Märk upp ord"
+
+#: gitk:312
 msgid "Error parsing revisions:"
 msgstr "Fel vid tolkning av revisioner:"
 
-#: gitk:330
+#: gitk:368
 msgid "Error executing --argscmd command:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av --argscmd-kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:343
+#: gitk:381
 msgid "No files selected: --merge specified but no files are unmerged."
 msgstr ""
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer som inte har "
 "slagits samman."
 
-#: gitk:346
+#: gitk:384
 msgid ""
 "No files selected: --merge specified but no unmerged files are within file "
 "limit."
@@ -42,605 +52,617 @@
 "Inga filer valdes: --merge angavs men det finns inga filer inom "
 "filbegränsningen."
 
-#: gitk:368 gitk:516
+#: gitk:406 gitk:554
 msgid "Error executing git log:"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git log:"
 
-#: gitk:386 gitk:532
+#: gitk:424 gitk:570
 msgid "Reading"
 msgstr "Läser"
 
-#: gitk:446 gitk:4271
+#: gitk:484 gitk:4353
 msgid "Reading commits..."
 msgstr "Läser incheckningar..."
 
-#: gitk:449 gitk:1580 gitk:4274
+#: gitk:487 gitk:1625 gitk:4356
 msgid "No commits selected"
 msgstr "Inga incheckningar markerade"
 
-#: gitk:1456
+#: gitk:1499
 msgid "Can't parse git log output:"
 msgstr "Kan inte tolka utdata från git log:"
 
-#: gitk:1676
+#: gitk:1719
 msgid "No commit information available"
 msgstr "Ingen incheckningsinformation är tillgänglig"
 
-#: gitk:1818
+#: gitk:1876
 msgid "mc"
 msgstr "mc"
 
-#: gitk:1853 gitk:4064 gitk:9067 gitk:10607 gitk:10817
+#: gitk:1911 gitk:4146 gitk:9282 gitk:10824 gitk:11100
 msgid "OK"
 msgstr "OK"
 
-#: gitk:1855 gitk:4066 gitk:8657 gitk:8736 gitk:8851 gitk:8900 gitk:9069
-#: gitk:10608 gitk:10818
+#: gitk:1913 gitk:4148 gitk:8871 gitk:8950 gitk:9065 gitk:9114 gitk:9284
+#: gitk:10825 gitk:11101
 msgid "Cancel"
 msgstr "Avbryt"
 
-#: gitk:1980
+#: gitk:2040
 msgid "Update"
 msgstr "Uppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:1981
+#: gitk:2041
 msgid "Reload"
 msgstr "Ladda om"
 
-#: gitk:1982
+#: gitk:2042
 msgid "Reread references"
 msgstr "Läs om referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1983
+#: gitk:2043
 msgid "List references"
 msgstr "Visa referenser"
 
-#: gitk:1985
+#: gitk:2045
 msgid "Start git gui"
 msgstr "Starta git gui"
 
-#: gitk:1987
+#: gitk:2047
 msgid "Quit"
 msgstr "Avsluta"
 
-#: gitk:1979
+#: gitk:2039
 msgid "File"
 msgstr "Arkiv"
 
-#: gitk:1991
+#: gitk:2051
 msgid "Preferences"
 msgstr "Inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:1990
+#: gitk:2050
 msgid "Edit"
 msgstr "Redigera"
 
-#: gitk:1995
+#: gitk:2055
 msgid "New view..."
 msgstr "Ny vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1996
+#: gitk:2056
 msgid "Edit view..."
 msgstr "Ändra vy..."
 
-#: gitk:1997
+#: gitk:2057
 msgid "Delete view"
 msgstr "Ta bort vy"
 
-#: gitk:1999
+#: gitk:2059
 msgid "All files"
 msgstr "Alla filer"
 
-#: gitk:1994 gitk:3817
+#: gitk:2054 gitk:3899
 msgid "View"
 msgstr "Visa"
 
-#: gitk:2004 gitk:2014 gitk:2787
+#: gitk:2064 gitk:2074 gitk:2869
 msgid "About gitk"
 msgstr "Om gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2005 gitk:2019
+#: gitk:2065 gitk:2079
 msgid "Key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar"
 
-#: gitk:2003 gitk:2018
+#: gitk:2063 gitk:2078
 msgid "Help"
 msgstr "Hjälp"
 
-#: gitk:2096 gitk:8132
+#: gitk:2156 gitk:8330
 msgid "SHA1 ID:"
 msgstr "SHA1-id:"
 
-#: gitk:2127
+#: gitk:2192
 msgid "Row"
 msgstr "Rad"
 
-#: gitk:2165
+#: gitk:2230
 msgid "Find"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2166
+#: gitk:2231
 msgid "next"
 msgstr "nästa"
 
-#: gitk:2167
+#: gitk:2232
 msgid "prev"
 msgstr "föreg"
 
-#: gitk:2168
+#: gitk:2233
 msgid "commit"
 msgstr "incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2171 gitk:2173 gitk:4432 gitk:4455 gitk:4479 gitk:6420 gitk:6492
-#: gitk:6576
+#: gitk:2236 gitk:2238 gitk:4514 gitk:4537 gitk:4561 gitk:6528 gitk:6600
+#: gitk:6685
 msgid "containing:"
 msgstr "som innehåller:"
 
-#: gitk:2174 gitk:3298 gitk:3303 gitk:4507
+#: gitk:2239 gitk:3381 gitk:3386 gitk:4590
 msgid "touching paths:"
 msgstr "som rör sökväg:"
 
-#: gitk:2175 gitk:4512
+#: gitk:2240 gitk:4604
 msgid "adding/removing string:"
 msgstr "som lägger/till tar bort sträng:"
 
-#: gitk:2184 gitk:2186
+#: gitk:2249 gitk:2251 gitk:4593
 msgid "Exact"
 msgstr "Exakt"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4587 gitk:6388
+#: gitk:2251 gitk:4679 gitk:6496
 msgid "IgnCase"
 msgstr "IgnVersaler"
 
-#: gitk:2186 gitk:4481 gitk:4585 gitk:6384
+#: gitk:2251 gitk:4563 gitk:4677 gitk:6492
 msgid "Regexp"
 msgstr "Reg.uttr."
 
-#: gitk:2188 gitk:2189 gitk:4606 gitk:4636 gitk:4643 gitk:6512 gitk:6580
+#: gitk:2253 gitk:2254 gitk:4699 gitk:4729 gitk:4736 gitk:6621 gitk:6689
 msgid "All fields"
 msgstr "Alla fält"
 
-#: gitk:2189 gitk:4604 gitk:4636 gitk:6451
+#: gitk:2254 gitk:4696 gitk:4729 gitk:6559
 msgid "Headline"
 msgstr "Rubrik"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6580 gitk:7013
+#: gitk:2255 gitk:4696 gitk:6559 gitk:6689 gitk:7126
 msgid "Comments"
 msgstr "Kommentarer"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:4608 gitk:4643 gitk:6451 gitk:6948 gitk:8307
-#: gitk:8322
+#: gitk:2255 gitk:4696 gitk:4701 gitk:4736 gitk:6559 gitk:7061 gitk:8505
+#: gitk:8520
 msgid "Author"
 msgstr "Författare"
 
-#: gitk:2190 gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:6950
+#: gitk:2255 gitk:4696 gitk:6559 gitk:7063
 msgid "Committer"
 msgstr "Incheckare"
 
-#: gitk:2221
+#: gitk:2286
 msgid "Search"
 msgstr "Sök"
 
-#: gitk:2229
+#: gitk:2294
 msgid "Diff"
 msgstr "Diff"
 
-#: gitk:2231
+#: gitk:2296
 msgid "Old version"
 msgstr "Gammal version"
 
-#: gitk:2233
+#: gitk:2298
 msgid "New version"
 msgstr "Ny version"
 
-#: gitk:2235
+#: gitk:2300
 msgid "Lines of context"
 msgstr "Rader sammanhang"
 
-#: gitk:2245
+#: gitk:2310
 msgid "Ignore space change"
 msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
 
-#: gitk:2304
+#: gitk:2314 gitk:2316 gitk:7646 gitk:7874
+msgid "Line diff"
+msgstr "Rad-diff"
+
+#: gitk:2379
 msgid "Patch"
 msgstr "Patch"
 
-#: gitk:2306
+#: gitk:2381
 msgid "Tree"
 msgstr "Träd"
 
-#: gitk:2463 gitk:2480
+#: gitk:2540 gitk:2559
 msgid "Diff this -> selected"
 msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad"
 
-#: gitk:2464 gitk:2481
+#: gitk:2541 gitk:2560
 msgid "Diff selected -> this"
 msgstr "Diff markerad -> denna"
 
-#: gitk:2465 gitk:2482
+#: gitk:2542 gitk:2561
 msgid "Make patch"
 msgstr "Skapa patch"
 
-#: gitk:2466 gitk:8715
+#: gitk:2543 gitk:8929
 msgid "Create tag"
 msgstr "Skapa tagg"
 
-#: gitk:2467 gitk:8831
+#: gitk:2544 gitk:9045
 msgid "Write commit to file"
 msgstr "Skriv incheckning till fil"
 
-#: gitk:2468 gitk:8888
+#: gitk:2545 gitk:9102
 msgid "Create new branch"
 msgstr "Skapa ny gren"
 
-#: gitk:2469
+#: gitk:2546
 msgid "Cherry-pick this commit"
 msgstr "Plocka denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2470
+#: gitk:2547
 msgid "Reset HEAD branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ HEAD-grenen hit"
 
-#: gitk:2471
+#: gitk:2548
 msgid "Mark this commit"
 msgstr "Markera denna incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2472
+#: gitk:2549
 msgid "Return to mark"
 msgstr "Återgå till markering"
 
-#: gitk:2473
+#: gitk:2550
 msgid "Find descendant of this and mark"
 msgstr "Hitta efterföljare till denna och markera"
 
-#: gitk:2474
+#: gitk:2551
 msgid "Compare with marked commit"
 msgstr "Jämför med markerad incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2488
+#: gitk:2552 gitk:2562
+msgid "Diff this -> marked commit"
+msgstr "Diff denna -> markerad incheckning"
+
+#: gitk:2553 gitk:2563
+msgid "Diff marked commit -> this"
+msgstr "Diff markerad incheckning -> denna"
+
+#: gitk:2569
 msgid "Check out this branch"
 msgstr "Checka ut denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2489
+#: gitk:2570
 msgid "Remove this branch"
 msgstr "Ta bort denna gren"
 
-#: gitk:2496
+#: gitk:2577
 msgid "Highlight this too"
 msgstr "Markera även detta"
 
-#: gitk:2497
+#: gitk:2578
 msgid "Highlight this only"
 msgstr "Markera bara detta"
 
-#: gitk:2498
+#: gitk:2579
 msgid "External diff"
 msgstr "Extern diff"
 
-#: gitk:2499
+#: gitk:2580
 msgid "Blame parent commit"
 msgstr "Klandra föräldraincheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2506
+#: gitk:2587
 msgid "Show origin of this line"
 msgstr "Visa ursprunget för den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2507
+#: gitk:2588
 msgid "Run git gui blame on this line"
 msgstr "Kör git gui blame på den här raden"
 
-#: gitk:2789
+#: gitk:2871
 msgid ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - a commit viewer for git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Use and redistribute under the terms of the GNU General Public License"
 msgstr ""
 "\n"
 "Gitk - en incheckningsvisare för git\n"
 "\n"
-"Copyright ©9 2005-2010 Paul Mackerras\n"
+"Copyright ©9 2005-2011 Paul Mackerras\n"
 "\n"
 "Använd och vidareförmedla enligt villkoren i GNU General Public License"
 
-#: gitk:2797 gitk:2862 gitk:9253
+#: gitk:2879 gitk:2944 gitk:9468
 msgid "Close"
 msgstr "Stäng"
 
-#: gitk:2818
+#: gitk:2900
 msgid "Gitk key bindings"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:2821
+#: gitk:2903
 msgid "Gitk key bindings:"
 msgstr "Tangentbordsbindningar för Gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:2823
+#: gitk:2905
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Q>\t\tQuit"
 msgstr "<%s-Q>\t\tAvsluta"
 
-#: gitk:2824
+#: gitk:2906
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-W>\t\tClose window"
 msgstr "<%s-W>\t\tStäng fönster"
 
-#: gitk:2825
+#: gitk:2907
 msgid "<Home>\t\tMove to first commit"
 msgstr "<Home>\t\tGå till första incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2826
+#: gitk:2908
 msgid "<End>\t\tMove to last commit"
 msgstr "<End>\t\tGå till sista incheckning"
 
-#: gitk:2827
-msgid "<Up>, p, i\tMove up one commit"
-msgstr "<Upp>, p, i\tGå en incheckning upp"
+#: gitk:2909
+msgid "<Up>, p, k\tMove up one commit"
+msgstr "<Upp>, p, k\tGå en incheckning upp"
 
-#: gitk:2828
-msgid "<Down>, n, k\tMove down one commit"
-msgstr "<Ned>, n, k\tGå en incheckning ned"
+#: gitk:2910
+msgid "<Down>, n, j\tMove down one commit"
+msgstr "<Ned>, n, j\tGå en incheckning ned"
 
-#: gitk:2829
-msgid "<Left>, z, j\tGo back in history list"
-msgstr "<Vänster>, z, j\tGå bakåt i historiken"
+#: gitk:2911
+msgid "<Left>, z, h\tGo back in history list"
+msgstr "<Vänster>, z, h\tGå bakåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2830
+#: gitk:2912
 msgid "<Right>, x, l\tGo forward in history list"
 msgstr "<Höger>, x, l\tGå framåt i historiken"
 
-#: gitk:2831
+#: gitk:2913
 msgid "<PageUp>\tMove up one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageUp>\tGå upp en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2832
+#: gitk:2914
 msgid "<PageDown>\tMove down one page in commit list"
 msgstr "<PageDown>\tGå ned en sida i incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2833
+#: gitk:2915
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Home>\tScroll to top of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-Home>\tRulla till början av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2834
+#: gitk:2916
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-End>\tScroll to bottom of commit list"
 msgstr "<%s-End>\tRulla till slutet av incheckningslistan"
 
-#: gitk:2835
+#: gitk:2917
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Up>\tScroll commit list up one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Upp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2836
+#: gitk:2918
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-Down>\tScroll commit list down one line"
 msgstr "<%s-Ned>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned ett steg"
 
-#: gitk:2837
+#: gitk:2919
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageUp>\tScroll commit list up one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageUp>\tRulla incheckningslistan upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2838
+#: gitk:2920
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-PageDown>\tScroll commit list down one page"
 msgstr "<%s-PageDown>\tRulla incheckningslistan ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2839
+#: gitk:2921
 msgid "<Shift-Up>\tFind backwards (upwards, later commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Upp>\tSök bakåt (uppåt, senare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2840
+#: gitk:2922
 msgid "<Shift-Down>\tFind forwards (downwards, earlier commits)"
 msgstr "<Skift-Ned>\tSök framåt (nedåt, tidigare incheckningar)"
 
-#: gitk:2841
+#: gitk:2923
 msgid "<Delete>, b\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Delete>, b\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2842
+#: gitk:2924
 msgid "<Backspace>\tScroll diff view up one page"
 msgstr "<Baksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen upp en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2843
+#: gitk:2925
 msgid "<Space>\t\tScroll diff view down one page"
 msgstr "<Blanksteg>\tRulla diffvisningen ned en sida"
 
-#: gitk:2844
+#: gitk:2926
 msgid "u\t\tScroll diff view up 18 lines"
 msgstr "u\t\tRulla diffvisningen upp 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2845
+#: gitk:2927
 msgid "d\t\tScroll diff view down 18 lines"
 msgstr "d\t\tRulla diffvisningen ned 18 rader"
 
-#: gitk:2846
+#: gitk:2928
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-F>\t\tFind"
 msgstr "<%s-F>\t\tSök"
 
-#: gitk:2847
+#: gitk:2929
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-G>\t\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<%s-G>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2848
+#: gitk:2930
 msgid "<Return>\tMove to next find hit"
 msgstr "<Return>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2849
+#: gitk:2931
 msgid "/\t\tFocus the search box"
 msgstr "/\t\tFokusera sökrutan"
 
-#: gitk:2850
+#: gitk:2932
 msgid "?\t\tMove to previous find hit"
 msgstr "?\t\tGå till föregående sökträff"
 
-#: gitk:2851
+#: gitk:2933
 msgid "f\t\tScroll diff view to next file"
 msgstr "f\t\tRulla diffvisningen till nästa fil"
 
-#: gitk:2852
+#: gitk:2934
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-S>\t\tSearch for next hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-S>\t\tGå till nästa sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2853
+#: gitk:2935
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-R>\t\tSearch for previous hit in diff view"
 msgstr "<%s-R>\t\tGå till föregående sökträff i diffvisningen"
 
-#: gitk:2854
+#: gitk:2936
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP+>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num+>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2855
+#: gitk:2937
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-plus>\tIncrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-plus>\tÖka teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2856
+#: gitk:2938
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-KP->\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-Num->\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2857
+#: gitk:2939
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "<%s-minus>\tDecrease font size"
 msgstr "<%s-minus>\tMinska teckenstorlek"
 
-#: gitk:2858
+#: gitk:2940
 msgid "<F5>\t\tUpdate"
 msgstr "<F5>\t\tUppdatera"
 
-#: gitk:3313 gitk:3322
+#: gitk:3395 gitk:3404
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error creating temporary directory %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av temporär katalog %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3335
+#: gitk:3417
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting \"%s\" from %s:"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av  \"%s\" från %s:"
 
-#: gitk:3398
+#: gitk:3480
 msgid "command failed:"
 msgstr "kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3547
+#: gitk:3629
 msgid "No such commit"
 msgstr "Incheckning saknas"
 
-#: gitk:3561
+#: gitk:3643
 msgid "git gui blame: command failed:"
 msgstr "git gui blame: kommando misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3592
+#: gitk:3674
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't read merge head: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte läsa sammanslagningshuvud: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3600
+#: gitk:3682
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error reading index: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid läsning av index: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3625
+#: gitk:3707
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Couldn't start git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Kunde inte starta git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3628 gitk:6419
+#: gitk:3710 gitk:6527
 msgid "Searching"
 msgstr "Söker"
 
-#: gitk:3660
+#: gitk:3742
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error running git blame: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid körning av git blame: %s"
 
-#: gitk:3688
+#: gitk:3770
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "That line comes from commit %s,  which is not in this view"
 msgstr "Raden kommer från incheckningen %s, som inte finns i denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3702
+#: gitk:3784
 msgid "External diff viewer failed:"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg misslyckades:"
 
-#: gitk:3820
+#: gitk:3902
 msgid "Gitk view definition"
 msgstr "Definition av Gitk-vy"
 
-#: gitk:3824
+#: gitk:3906
 msgid "Remember this view"
 msgstr "Spara denna vy"
 
-#: gitk:3825
+#: gitk:3907
 msgid "References (space separated list):"
 msgstr "Referenser (blankstegsavdelad lista):"
 
-#: gitk:3826
+#: gitk:3908
 msgid "Branches & tags:"
 msgstr "Grenar & taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:3827
+#: gitk:3909
 msgid "All refs"
 msgstr "Alla referenser"
 
-#: gitk:3828
+#: gitk:3910
 msgid "All (local) branches"
 msgstr "Alla (lokala) grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3829
+#: gitk:3911
 msgid "All tags"
 msgstr "Alla taggar"
 
-#: gitk:3830
+#: gitk:3912
 msgid "All remote-tracking branches"
 msgstr "Alla fjärrspårande grenar"
 
-#: gitk:3831
+#: gitk:3913
 msgid "Commit Info (regular expressions):"
 msgstr "Incheckningsinfo (reguljära uttryck):"
 
-#: gitk:3832
+#: gitk:3914
 msgid "Author:"
 msgstr "Författare:"
 
-#: gitk:3833
+#: gitk:3915
 msgid "Committer:"
 msgstr "Incheckare:"
 
-#: gitk:3834
+#: gitk:3916
 msgid "Commit Message:"
 msgstr "Incheckningsmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:3835
+#: gitk:3917
 msgid "Matches all Commit Info criteria"
 msgstr "Motsvarar alla kriterier för incheckningsinfo"
 
-#: gitk:3836
+#: gitk:3918
 msgid "Changes to Files:"
 msgstr "Ändringar av filer:"
 
-#: gitk:3837
+#: gitk:3919
 msgid "Fixed String"
 msgstr "Fast sträng"
 
-#: gitk:3838
+#: gitk:3920
 msgid "Regular Expression"
 msgstr "Reguljärt uttryck"
 
-#: gitk:3839
+#: gitk:3921
 msgid "Search string:"
 msgstr "Söksträng:"
 
-#: gitk:3840
+#: gitk:3922
 msgid ""
 "Commit Dates (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
@@ -648,201 +670,197 @@
 "Incheckingsdatum (\"2 weeks ago\", \"2009-03-17 15:27:38\", \"March 17, 2009 "
 "15:27:38\"):"
 
-#: gitk:3841
+#: gitk:3923
 msgid "Since:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:3842
+#: gitk:3924
 msgid "Until:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:3843
+#: gitk:3925
 msgid "Limit and/or skip a number of revisions (positive integer):"
 msgstr "Begränsa och/eller hoppa över ett antal revisioner (positivt heltal):"
 
-#: gitk:3844
+#: gitk:3926
 msgid "Number to show:"
 msgstr "Antal att visa:"
 
-#: gitk:3845
+#: gitk:3927
 msgid "Number to skip:"
 msgstr "Antal att hoppa över:"
 
-#: gitk:3846
+#: gitk:3928
 msgid "Miscellaneous options:"
 msgstr "Diverse alternativ:"
 
-#: gitk:3847
+#: gitk:3929
 msgid "Strictly sort by date"
 msgstr "Strikt datumsortering"
 
-#: gitk:3848
+#: gitk:3930
 msgid "Mark branch sides"
 msgstr "Markera sidogrenar"
 
-#: gitk:3849
+#: gitk:3931
 msgid "Limit to first parent"
 msgstr "Begränsa till första förälder"
 
-#: gitk:3850
+#: gitk:3932
 msgid "Simple history"
 msgstr "Enkel historik"
 
-#: gitk:3851
+#: gitk:3933
 msgid "Additional arguments to git log:"
 msgstr "Ytterligare argument till git log:"
 
-#: gitk:3852
+#: gitk:3934
 msgid "Enter files and directories to include, one per line:"
 msgstr "Ange filer och kataloger att ta med, en per rad:"
 
-#: gitk:3853
+#: gitk:3935
 msgid "Command to generate more commits to include:"
 msgstr "Kommando för att generera fler incheckningar att ta med:"
 
-#: gitk:3977
+#: gitk:4059
 msgid "Gitk: edit view"
 msgstr "Gitk: redigera vy"
 
-#: gitk:3985
+#: gitk:4067
 msgid "-- criteria for selecting revisions"
 msgstr " - kriterier för val av revisioner"
 
-#: gitk:3990
+#: gitk:4072
 msgid "View Name"
 msgstr "Namn på vy"
 
-#: gitk:4065
+#: gitk:4147
 msgid "Apply (F5)"
 msgstr "Använd (F5)"
 
-#: gitk:4103
+#: gitk:4185
 msgid "Error in commit selection arguments:"
 msgstr "Fel i argument för val av incheckningar:"
 
-#: gitk:4156 gitk:4208 gitk:4656 gitk:4670 gitk:5931 gitk:11551 gitk:11552
+#: gitk:4238 gitk:4290 gitk:4749 gitk:4763 gitk:6027 gitk:11849 gitk:11850
 msgid "None"
 msgstr "Inget"
 
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451 gitk:8309 gitk:8324
-msgid "Date"
-msgstr "Datum"
-
-#: gitk:4604 gitk:6451
-msgid "CDate"
-msgstr "Skapat datum"
-
-#: gitk:4753 gitk:4758
+#: gitk:4846 gitk:4851
 msgid "Descendant"
 msgstr "Avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4754
+#: gitk:4847
 msgid "Not descendant"
 msgstr "Inte avkomling"
 
-#: gitk:4761 gitk:4766
+#: gitk:4854 gitk:4859
 msgid "Ancestor"
 msgstr "Förfader"
 
-#: gitk:4762
+#: gitk:4855
 msgid "Not ancestor"
 msgstr "Inte förfader"
 
-#: gitk:5052
+#: gitk:5145
 msgid "Local changes checked in to index but not committed"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar sparade i indexet men inte incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:5088
+#: gitk:5181
 msgid "Local uncommitted changes, not checked in to index"
 msgstr "Lokala ändringar, ej sparade i indexet"
 
-#: gitk:6769
+#: gitk:6882
 msgid "many"
 msgstr "många"
 
-#: gitk:6952
+#: gitk:7065
 msgid "Tags:"
 msgstr "Taggar:"
 
-#: gitk:6969 gitk:6975 gitk:8302
+#: gitk:7082 gitk:7088 gitk:8500
 msgid "Parent"
 msgstr "Förälder"
 
-#: gitk:6980
+#: gitk:7093
 msgid "Child"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:6989
+#: gitk:7102
 msgid "Branch"
 msgstr "Gren"
 
-#: gitk:6992
+#: gitk:7105
 msgid "Follows"
 msgstr "Följer"
 
-#: gitk:6995
+#: gitk:7108
 msgid "Precedes"
 msgstr "Föregår"
 
-#: gitk:7532
+#: gitk:7653
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error getting diffs: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av diff: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8130
+#: gitk:8328
 msgid "Goto:"
 msgstr "Gå till:"
 
-#: gitk:8151
+#: gitk:8349
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Short SHA1 id %s is ambiguous"
 msgstr "Förkortat SHA1-id %s är tvetydigt"
 
-#: gitk:8158
+#: gitk:8356
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not known"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s är inte känd"
 
-#: gitk:8168
+#: gitk:8366
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "SHA1 id %s is not known"
 msgstr "SHA-id:t %s är inte känt"
 
-#: gitk:8170
+#: gitk:8368
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Revision %s is not in the current view"
 msgstr "Revisionen %s finns inte i den nuvarande vyn"
 
-#: gitk:8312
+#: gitk:8507 gitk:8522
+msgid "Date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: gitk:8510
 msgid "Children"
 msgstr "Barn"
 
-#: gitk:8370
+#: gitk:8573
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset %s branch to here"
 msgstr "Återställ grenen %s hit"
 
-#: gitk:8372
+#: gitk:8575
 msgid "Detached head: can't reset"
 msgstr "Frånkopplad head: kan inte återställa"
 
-#: gitk:8481 gitk:8487
+#: gitk:8680 gitk:8686
 msgid "Skipping merge commit "
 msgstr "Hoppar över sammanslagningsincheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8496 gitk:8501
+#: gitk:8695 gitk:8700
 msgid "Error getting patch ID for "
 msgstr "Fel vid hämtning av patch-id för "
 
-#: gitk:8497 gitk:8502
+#: gitk:8696 gitk:8701
 msgid " - stopping\n"
 msgstr " - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8507 gitk:8510 gitk:8518 gitk:8532 gitk:8541
+#: gitk:8706 gitk:8709 gitk:8717 gitk:8731 gitk:8740
 msgid "Commit "
 msgstr "Incheckning "
 
-#: gitk:8511
+#: gitk:8710
 msgid ""
 " is the same patch as\n"
 "       "
@@ -850,7 +868,7 @@
 " är samma patch som\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8519
+#: gitk:8718
 msgid ""
 " differs from\n"
 "       "
@@ -858,7 +876,7 @@
 " skiljer sig från\n"
 "       "
 
-#: gitk:8521
+#: gitk:8720
 msgid ""
 "Diff of commits:\n"
 "\n"
@@ -866,131 +884,131 @@
 "Skillnad mellan incheckningar:\n"
 "\n"
 
-#: gitk:8533 gitk:8542
+#: gitk:8732 gitk:8741
 #, tcl-format
 msgid " has %s children - stopping\n"
 msgstr " har %s barn - stannar\n"
 
-#: gitk:8561
+#: gitk:8760
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error writing commit to file: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning till fil: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8567
+#: gitk:8766
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Error diffing commits: %s"
 msgstr "Fel vid jämförelse av incheckningar: %s"
 
-#: gitk:8598
+#: gitk:8812
 msgid "Top"
 msgstr "Topp"
 
-#: gitk:8599
+#: gitk:8813
 msgid "From"
 msgstr "Från"
 
-#: gitk:8604
+#: gitk:8818
 msgid "To"
 msgstr "Till"
 
-#: gitk:8628
+#: gitk:8842
 msgid "Generate patch"
 msgstr "Generera patch"
 
-#: gitk:8630
+#: gitk:8844
 msgid "From:"
 msgstr "Från:"
 
-#: gitk:8639
+#: gitk:8853
 msgid "To:"
 msgstr "Till:"
 
-#: gitk:8648
+#: gitk:8862
 msgid "Reverse"
 msgstr "Vänd"
 
-#: gitk:8650 gitk:8845
+#: gitk:8864 gitk:9059
 msgid "Output file:"
 msgstr "Utdatafil:"
 
-#: gitk:8656
+#: gitk:8870
 msgid "Generate"
 msgstr "Generera"
 
-#: gitk:8694
+#: gitk:8908
 msgid "Error creating patch:"
 msgstr "Fel vid generering av patch:"
 
-#: gitk:8717 gitk:8833 gitk:8890
+#: gitk:8931 gitk:9047 gitk:9104
 msgid "ID:"
 msgstr "Id:"
 
-#: gitk:8726
+#: gitk:8940
 msgid "Tag name:"
 msgstr "Taggnamn:"
 
-#: gitk:8729
+#: gitk:8943
 msgid "Tag message is optional"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelandet är valfritt"
 
-#: gitk:8731
+#: gitk:8945
 msgid "Tag message:"
 msgstr "Taggmeddelande:"
 
-#: gitk:8735 gitk:8899
+#: gitk:8949 gitk:9113
 msgid "Create"
 msgstr "Skapa"
 
-#: gitk:8753
+#: gitk:8967
 msgid "No tag name specified"
 msgstr "Inget taggnamn angavs"
 
-#: gitk:8757
+#: gitk:8971
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tag \"%s\" already exists"
 msgstr "Taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
 
-#: gitk:8767
+#: gitk:8981
 msgid "Error creating tag:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skapande av tagg:"
 
-#: gitk:8842
+#: gitk:9056
 msgid "Command:"
 msgstr "Kommando:"
 
-#: gitk:8850
+#: gitk:9064
 msgid "Write"
 msgstr "Skriv"
 
-#: gitk:8868
+#: gitk:9082
 msgid "Error writing commit:"
 msgstr "Fel vid skrivning av incheckning:"
 
-#: gitk:8895
+#: gitk:9109
 msgid "Name:"
 msgstr "Namn:"
 
-#: gitk:8918
+#: gitk:9132
 msgid "Please specify a name for the new branch"
 msgstr "Ange ett namn för den nya grenen"
 
-#: gitk:8923
+#: gitk:9137
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Branch '%s' already exists. Overwrite?"
 msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" finns redan. Skriva över?"
 
-#: gitk:8989
+#: gitk:9204
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Commit %s is already included in branch %s -- really re-apply it?"
 msgstr ""
 "Incheckningen %s finns redan på grenen %s -- skall den verkligen appliceras "
 "på nytt?"
 
-#: gitk:8994
+#: gitk:9209
 msgid "Cherry-picking"
 msgstr "Plockar"
 
-#: gitk:9003
+#: gitk:9218
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of local changes to file '%s'.\n"
@@ -1000,7 +1018,7 @@
 "Checka in, återställ eller spara undan (stash) dina ändringar och försök "
 "igen."
 
-#: gitk:9009
+#: gitk:9224
 msgid ""
 "Cherry-pick failed because of merge conflict.\n"
 "Do you wish to run git citool to resolve it?"
@@ -1008,32 +1026,32 @@
 "Cherry-pick misslyckades på grund av en sammanslagningskonflikt.\n"
 "Vill du köra git citool för att lösa den?"
 
-#: gitk:9025
+#: gitk:9240
 msgid "No changes committed"
 msgstr "Inga ändringar incheckade"
 
-#: gitk:9051
+#: gitk:9266
 msgid "Confirm reset"
 msgstr "Bekräfta återställning"
 
-#: gitk:9053
+#: gitk:9268
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Reset branch %s to %s?"
 msgstr "Återställa grenen %s till %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9055
+#: gitk:9270
 msgid "Reset type:"
 msgstr "Typ av återställning:"
 
-#: gitk:9058
+#: gitk:9273
 msgid "Soft: Leave working tree and index untouched"
 msgstr "Mjuk: Rör inte utcheckning och index"
 
-#: gitk:9061
+#: gitk:9276
 msgid "Mixed: Leave working tree untouched, reset index"
 msgstr "Blandad: Rör inte utcheckning, återställ index"
 
-#: gitk:9064
+#: gitk:9279
 msgid ""
 "Hard: Reset working tree and index\n"
 "(discard ALL local changes)"
@@ -1041,19 +1059,19 @@
 "Hård: Återställ utcheckning och index\n"
 "(förkastar ALLA lokala ändringar)"
 
-#: gitk:9081
+#: gitk:9296
 msgid "Resetting"
 msgstr "Återställer"
 
-#: gitk:9141
+#: gitk:9356
 msgid "Checking out"
 msgstr "Checkar ut"
 
-#: gitk:9194
+#: gitk:9409
 msgid "Cannot delete the currently checked-out branch"
 msgstr "Kan inte ta bort den just nu utcheckade grenen"
 
-#: gitk:9200
+#: gitk:9415
 #, tcl-format
 msgid ""
 "The commits on branch %s aren't on any other branch.\n"
@@ -1062,16 +1080,16 @@
 "Incheckningarna på grenen %s existerar inte på någon annan gren.\n"
 "Vill du verkligen ta bort grenen %s?"
 
-#: gitk:9231
+#: gitk:9446
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Tags and heads: %s"
 msgstr "Taggar och huvuden: %s"
 
-#: gitk:9246
+#: gitk:9461
 msgid "Filter"
 msgstr "Filter"
 
-#: gitk:9541
+#: gitk:9757
 msgid ""
 "Error reading commit topology information; branch and preceding/following "
 "tag information will be incomplete."
@@ -1079,206 +1097,219 @@
 "Fel vid läsning av information om incheckningstopologi; information om "
 "grenar och föregående/senare taggar kommer inte vara komplett."
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:10744
 msgid "Tag"
 msgstr "Tagg"
 
-#: gitk:10527
+#: gitk:10744
 msgid "Id"
 msgstr "Id"
 
-#: gitk:10576
+#: gitk:10793
 msgid "Gitk font chooser"
 msgstr "Teckensnittsväljare för Gitk"
 
-#: gitk:10593
+#: gitk:10810
 msgid "B"
 msgstr "F"
 
-#: gitk:10596
+#: gitk:10813
 msgid "I"
 msgstr "K"
 
-#: gitk:10714
-msgid "Gitk preferences"
-msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
-
-#: gitk:10716
+#: gitk:10931
 msgid "Commit list display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningslistvy"
 
-#: gitk:10719
+#: gitk:10934
 msgid "Maximum graph width (lines)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (rader)"
 
-#: gitk:10722
+#: gitk:10937
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Maximum graph width (% of pane)"
 msgstr "Maximal grafbredd (% av ruta)"
 
-#: gitk:10725
+#: gitk:10940
 msgid "Show local changes"
 msgstr "Visa lokala ändringar"
 
-#: gitk:10728
-msgid "Auto-select SHA1"
-msgstr "Välj SHA1 automatiskt"
+#: gitk:10943
+msgid "Auto-select SHA1 (length)"
+msgstr "Välj SHA1 (längd) automatiskt"
 
-#: gitk:10731
+#: gitk:10947
 msgid "Hide remote refs"
 msgstr "Dölj fjärr-referenser"
 
-#: gitk:10735
+#: gitk:10951
 msgid "Diff display options"
 msgstr "Alternativ för diffvy"
 
-#: gitk:10737
+#: gitk:10953
 msgid "Tab spacing"
 msgstr "Blanksteg för tabulatortecken"
 
-#: gitk:10740
+#: gitk:10956
 msgid "Display nearby tags"
 msgstr "Visa närliggande taggar"
 
-#: gitk:10743
+#: gitk:10959
 msgid "Limit diffs to listed paths"
 msgstr "Begränsa diff till listade sökvägar"
 
-#: gitk:10746
+#: gitk:10962
 msgid "Support per-file encodings"
 msgstr "Stöd för filspecifika teckenkodningar"
 
-#: gitk:10752 gitk:10832
+#: gitk:10968 gitk:11115
 msgid "External diff tool"
 msgstr "Externt diff-verktyg"
 
-#: gitk:10753
+#: gitk:10969
 msgid "Choose..."
 msgstr "Välj..."
 
-#: gitk:10758
+#: gitk:10974
 msgid "General options"
 msgstr "Allmänna inställningar"
 
-#: gitk:10761
+#: gitk:10977
 msgid "Use themed widgets"
 msgstr "Använd tema på fönsterelement"
 
-#: gitk:10763
+#: gitk:10979
 msgid "(change requires restart)"
 msgstr "(ändringen kräver omstart)"
 
-#: gitk:10765
+#: gitk:10981
 msgid "(currently unavailable)"
 msgstr "(för närvarande inte tillgängligt)"
 
-#: gitk:10769
+#: gitk:10992
 msgid "Colors: press to choose"
 msgstr "Färger: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10772
+#: gitk:10995
 msgid "Interface"
 msgstr "Gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10773
+#: gitk:10996
 msgid "interface"
 msgstr "gränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10776
+#: gitk:10999
 msgid "Background"
 msgstr "Bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10777 gitk:10807
+#: gitk:11000 gitk:11030
 msgid "background"
 msgstr "bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10780
+#: gitk:11003
 msgid "Foreground"
 msgstr "Förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10781
+#: gitk:11004
 msgid "foreground"
 msgstr "förgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10784
+#: gitk:11007
 msgid "Diff: old lines"
 msgstr "Diff: gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10785
+#: gitk:11008
 msgid "diff old lines"
 msgstr "diff gamla rader"
 
-#: gitk:10789
+#: gitk:11012
 msgid "Diff: new lines"
 msgstr "Diff: nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10790
+#: gitk:11013
 msgid "diff new lines"
 msgstr "diff nya rader"
 
-#: gitk:10794
+#: gitk:11017
 msgid "Diff: hunk header"
 msgstr "Diff: delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10796
+#: gitk:11019
 msgid "diff hunk header"
 msgstr "diff delhuvud"
 
-#: gitk:10800
+#: gitk:11023
 msgid "Marked line bg"
 msgstr "Markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10802
+#: gitk:11025
 msgid "marked line background"
 msgstr "markerad rad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10806
+#: gitk:11029
 msgid "Select bg"
 msgstr "Markerad bakgrund"
 
-#: gitk:10810
+#: gitk:11038
 msgid "Fonts: press to choose"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt: tryck för att välja"
 
-#: gitk:10812
+#: gitk:11040
 msgid "Main font"
 msgstr "Huvudteckensnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10813
+#: gitk:11041
 msgid "Diff display font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för diffvisning"
 
-#: gitk:10814
+#: gitk:11042
 msgid "User interface font"
 msgstr "Teckensnitt för användargränssnitt"
 
-#: gitk:10842
+#: gitk:11064
+msgid "Gitk preferences"
+msgstr "Inställningar för Gitk"
+
+#: gitk:11073
+msgid "General"
+msgstr "Allmänt"
+
+#: gitk:11074
+msgid "Colors"
+msgstr "Färger"
+
+#: gitk:11075
+msgid "Fonts"
+msgstr "Teckensnitt"
+
+#: gitk:11125
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Gitk: choose color for %s"
 msgstr "Gitk: välj färg för %s"
 
-#: gitk:11445
+#: gitk:11745
 msgid "Cannot find a git repository here."
 msgstr "Hittar inget git-arkiv här."
 
-#: gitk:11449
-#, tcl-format
-msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
-msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
-
-#: gitk:11496
+#: gitk:11792
 #, tcl-format
 msgid "Ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename"
 msgstr "Tvetydigt argument \"%s\": både revision och filnamn"
 
-#: gitk:11508
+#: gitk:11804
 msgid "Bad arguments to gitk:"
 msgstr "Felaktiga argument till gitk:"
 
-#: gitk:11604
+#: gitk:11907
 msgid "Command line"
 msgstr "Kommandorad"
 
+#~ msgid "CDate"
+#~ msgstr "Skapat datum"
+
+#~ msgid "Cannot find the git directory \"%s\"."
+#~ msgstr "Hittar inte git-katalogen \"%s\"."
+
 #~ msgid "SHA1 ID: "
 #~ msgstr "SHA1-id: "
 
diff --git a/gitweb/INSTALL b/gitweb/INSTALL
index d134ffe..6d45406 100644
--- a/gitweb/INSTALL
+++ b/gitweb/INSTALL
@@ -130,6 +130,8 @@
    Points to an .html file which is included on the gitweb project
    overview page ('projects_list' view), if it exists.  Relative to
    gitweb.cgi script.  [Default: indextext.html]
+ * GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING
+   html snippet to include in the <head> section of each page. [No default]
  * GITWEB_SITE_HEADER
    Filename of html text to include at top of each page.  Relative to
    gitweb.cgi script.  [No default]
diff --git a/gitweb/Makefile b/gitweb/Makefile
index 1c85b5f..cd194d0 100644
--- a/gitweb/Makefile
+++ b/gitweb/Makefile
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 GITWEB_LOGO = static/git-logo.png
 GITWEB_FAVICON = static/git-favicon.png
 GITWEB_JS = static/gitweb.js
+GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING =
 GITWEB_SITE_HEADER =
 GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER =
 HIGHLIGHT_BIN = highlight
@@ -144,6 +145,7 @@
 	-e 's|++GITWEB_LOGO++|$(GITWEB_LOGO)|g' \
 	-e 's|++GITWEB_FAVICON++|$(GITWEB_FAVICON)|g' \
 	-e 's|++GITWEB_JS++|$(GITWEB_JS)|g' \
+	-e 's|++GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING++|$(GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING)|g' \
 	-e 's|++GITWEB_SITE_HEADER++|$(GITWEB_SITE_HEADER)|g' \
 	-e 's|++GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER++|$(GITWEB_SITE_FOOTER)|g' \
 	-e 's|++HIGHLIGHT_BIN++|$(HIGHLIGHT_BIN)|g'
@@ -185,7 +187,9 @@
 ### Cleaning rules
 
 clean:
-	$(RM) gitweb.cgi static/gitweb.min.js static/gitweb.min.css GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
+	$(RM) gitweb.cgi static/gitweb.js \
+		static/gitweb.min.js static/gitweb.min.css \
+		GITWEB-BUILD-OPTIONS
 
 .PHONY: all clean install test test-installed .FORCE-GIT-VERSION-FILE FORCE
 
diff --git a/gitweb/gitweb.perl b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
index 85d64b2..c6bafe6 100755
--- a/gitweb/gitweb.perl
+++ b/gitweb/gitweb.perl
@@ -52,8 +52,13 @@
 	# as base URL.
 	# Therefore, if we needed to strip PATH_INFO, then we know that we have
 	# to build the base URL ourselves:
-	our $path_info = $ENV{"PATH_INFO"};
+	our $path_info = decode_utf8($ENV{"PATH_INFO"});
 	if ($path_info) {
+		# $path_info has already been URL-decoded by the web server, but
+		# $my_url and $my_uri have not. URL-decode them so we can properly
+		# strip $path_info.
+		$my_url = unescape($my_url);
+		$my_uri = unescape($my_uri);
 		if ($my_url =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
 		    $my_uri =~ s,\Q$path_info\E$,, &&
 		    defined $ENV{'SCRIPT_NAME'}) {
@@ -85,6 +90,8 @@
 our $site_name = "++GITWEB_SITENAME++"
                  || ($ENV{'SERVER_NAME'} || "Untitled") . " Git";
 
+# html snippet to include in the <head> section of each page
+our $site_html_head_string = "++GITWEB_SITE_HTML_HEAD_STRING++";
 # filename of html text to include at top of each page
 our $site_header = "++GITWEB_SITE_HEADER++";
 # html text to include at home page
@@ -131,6 +138,12 @@
 # (only effective if this variable evaluates to true)
 our $export_ok = "++GITWEB_EXPORT_OK++";
 
+# don't generate age column on the projects list page
+our $omit_age_column = 0;
+
+# don't generate information about owners of repositories
+our $omit_owner=0;
+
 # show repository only if this subroutine returns true
 # when given the path to the project, for example:
 #    sub { return -e "$_[0]/git-daemon-export-ok"; }
@@ -257,16 +270,15 @@
 our %highlight_ext = (
 	# main extensions, defining name of syntax;
 	# see files in /usr/share/highlight/langDefs/ directory
-	map { $_ => $_ }
-		qw(py c cpp rb java css php sh pl js tex bib xml awk bat ini spec tcl sql make),
+	(map { $_ => $_ } qw(py rb java css js tex bib xml awk bat ini spec tcl sql)),
 	# alternate extensions, see /etc/highlight/filetypes.conf
-	'h' => 'c',
-	map { $_ => 'sh'  } qw(bash zsh ksh),
-	map { $_ => 'cpp' } qw(cxx c++ cc),
-	map { $_ => 'php' } qw(php3 php4 php5 phps),
-	map { $_ => 'pl'  } qw(perl pm), # perhaps also 'cgi'
-	map { $_ => 'make'} qw(mak mk),
-	map { $_ => 'xml' } qw(xhtml html htm),
+	(map { $_ => 'c'   } qw(c h)),
+	(map { $_ => 'sh'  } qw(sh bash zsh ksh)),
+	(map { $_ => 'cpp' } qw(cpp cxx c++ cc)),
+	(map { $_ => 'php' } qw(php php3 php4 php5 phps)),
+	(map { $_ => 'pl'  } qw(pl perl pm)), # perhaps also 'cgi'
+	(map { $_ => 'make'} qw(make mak mk)),
+	(map { $_ => 'xml' } qw(xml xhtml html htm)),
 );
 
 # You define site-wide feature defaults here; override them with
@@ -528,7 +540,7 @@
 	# $feature{'remote_heads'}{'default'} = [1];
 	# To have project specific config enable override in $GITWEB_CONFIG
 	# $feature{'remote_heads'}{'override'} = 1;
-	# and in project config gitweb.remote_heads = 0|1;
+	# and in project config gitweb.remoteheads = 0|1;
 	'remote_heads' => {
 		'sub' => sub { feature_bool('remote_heads', @_) },
 		'override' => 0,
@@ -757,6 +769,8 @@
 	extra_options => "opt",
 	search_use_regexp => "sr",
 	ctag => "by_tag",
+	diff_style => "ds",
+	project_filter => "pf",
 	# this must be last entry (for manipulation from JavaScript)
 	javascript => "js"
 );
@@ -813,9 +827,9 @@
 
 	while (my ($name, $symbol) = each %cgi_param_mapping) {
 		if ($symbol eq 'opt') {
-			$input_params{$name} = [ $cgi->param($symbol) ];
+			$input_params{$name} = [ map { decode_utf8($_) } $cgi->param($symbol) ];
 		} else {
-			$input_params{$name} = $cgi->param($symbol);
+			$input_params{$name} = decode_utf8($cgi->param($symbol));
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -973,7 +987,7 @@
 
 our ($action, $project, $file_name, $file_parent, $hash, $hash_parent, $hash_base,
      $hash_parent_base, @extra_options, $page, $searchtype, $search_use_regexp,
-     $searchtext, $search_regexp);
+     $searchtext, $search_regexp, $project_filter);
 sub evaluate_and_validate_params {
 	our $action = $input_params{'action'};
 	if (defined $action) {
@@ -991,6 +1005,13 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	our $project_filter = $input_params{'project_filter'};
+	if (defined $project_filter) {
+		if (!validate_pathname($project_filter)) {
+			die_error(404, "Invalid project_filter parameter");
+		}
+	}
+
 	our $file_name = $input_params{'file_name'};
 	if (defined $file_name) {
 		if (!validate_pathname($file_name)) {
@@ -1070,7 +1091,16 @@
 		if (length($searchtext) < 2) {
 			die_error(403, "At least two characters are required for search parameter");
 		}
-		$search_regexp = $search_use_regexp ? $searchtext : quotemeta $searchtext;
+		if ($search_use_regexp) {
+			$search_regexp = $searchtext;
+			if (!eval { qr/$search_regexp/; 1; }) {
+				(my $error = $@) =~ s/ at \S+ line \d+.*\n?//;
+				die_error(400, "Invalid search regexp '$search_regexp'",
+				          esc_html($error));
+			}
+		} else {
+			$search_regexp = quotemeta $searchtext;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -1120,8 +1150,10 @@
 	if (!defined $action) {
 		if (defined $hash) {
 			$action = git_get_type($hash);
+			$action or die_error(404, "Object does not exist");
 		} elsif (defined $hash_base && defined $file_name) {
 			$action = git_get_type("$hash_base:$file_name");
+			$action or die_error(404, "File or directory does not exist");
 		} elsif (defined $project) {
 			$action = 'summary';
 		} else {
@@ -1440,8 +1472,8 @@
 sub to_utf8 {
 	my $str = shift;
 	return undef unless defined $str;
-	if (utf8::valid($str)) {
-		utf8::decode($str);
+
+	if (utf8::is_utf8($str) || utf8::decode($str)) {
 		return $str;
 	} else {
 		return decode($fallback_encoding, $str, Encode::FB_DEFAULT);
@@ -1524,7 +1556,7 @@
 	return undef unless defined $str;
 
 	$str = to_utf8($str);
-	$str =~ s|([[:cntrl:]])|($1 =~ /[\t\n\r]/ ? $1 : quot_cec($1))|eg;
+	$str =~ s|([[:cntrl:]])|(index("\t\n\r", $1) != -1 ? $1 : quot_cec($1))|eg;
 	return $str;
 }
 
@@ -1693,6 +1725,7 @@
 	my ($str) = @_;
 
 	my $chopped = chop_str(@_);
+	$str = to_utf8($str);
 	if ($chopped eq $str) {
 		return esc_html($chopped);
 	} else {
@@ -1701,6 +1734,97 @@
 	}
 }
 
+# Highlight selected fragments of string, using given CSS class,
+# and escape HTML.  It is assumed that fragments do not overlap.
+# Regions are passed as list of pairs (array references).
+#
+# Example: esc_html_hl_regions("foobar", "mark", [ 0, 3 ]) returns
+# '<span class="mark">foo</span>bar'
+sub esc_html_hl_regions {
+	my ($str, $css_class, @sel) = @_;
+	my %opts = grep { ref($_) ne 'ARRAY' } @sel;
+	@sel     = grep { ref($_) eq 'ARRAY' } @sel;
+	return esc_html($str, %opts) unless @sel;
+
+	my $out = '';
+	my $pos = 0;
+
+	for my $s (@sel) {
+		my ($begin, $end) = @$s;
+
+		# Don't create empty <span> elements.
+		next if $end <= $begin;
+
+		my $escaped = esc_html(substr($str, $begin, $end - $begin),
+		                       %opts);
+
+		$out .= esc_html(substr($str, $pos, $begin - $pos), %opts)
+			if ($begin - $pos > 0);
+		$out .= $cgi->span({-class => $css_class}, $escaped);
+
+		$pos = $end;
+	}
+	$out .= esc_html(substr($str, $pos), %opts)
+		if ($pos < length($str));
+
+	return $out;
+}
+
+# return positions of beginning and end of each match
+sub matchpos_list {
+	my ($str, $regexp) = @_;
+	return unless (defined $str && defined $regexp);
+
+	my @matches;
+	while ($str =~ /$regexp/g) {
+		push @matches, [$-[0], $+[0]];
+	}
+	return @matches;
+}
+
+# highlight match (if any), and escape HTML
+sub esc_html_match_hl {
+	my ($str, $regexp) = @_;
+	return esc_html($str) unless defined $regexp;
+
+	my @matches = matchpos_list($str, $regexp);
+	return esc_html($str) unless @matches;
+
+	return esc_html_hl_regions($str, 'match', @matches);
+}
+
+
+# highlight match (if any) of shortened string, and escape HTML
+sub esc_html_match_hl_chopped {
+	my ($str, $chopped, $regexp) = @_;
+	return esc_html_match_hl($str, $regexp) unless defined $chopped;
+
+	my @matches = matchpos_list($str, $regexp);
+	return esc_html($chopped) unless @matches;
+
+	# filter matches so that we mark chopped string
+	my $tail = "... "; # see chop_str
+	unless ($chopped =~ s/\Q$tail\E$//) {
+		$tail = '';
+	}
+	my $chop_len = length($chopped);
+	my $tail_len = length($tail);
+	my @filtered;
+
+	for my $m (@matches) {
+		if ($m->[0] > $chop_len) {
+			push @filtered, [ $chop_len, $chop_len + $tail_len ] if ($tail_len > 0);
+			last;
+		} elsif ($m->[1] > $chop_len) {
+			push @filtered, [ $m->[0], $chop_len + $tail_len ];
+			last;
+		}
+		push @filtered, $m;
+	}
+
+	return esc_html_hl_regions($chopped . $tail, 'match', @filtered);
+}
+
 ## ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 ## functions returning short strings
 
@@ -2223,93 +2347,125 @@
 	return $result;
 }
 
-# format patch (diff) line (not to be used for diff headers)
-sub format_diff_line {
-	my $line = shift;
-	my ($from, $to) = @_;
-	my $diff_class = "";
+sub diff_line_class {
+	my ($line, $from, $to) = @_;
 
-	chomp $line;
-
+	# ordinary diff
+	my $num_sign = 1;
+	# combined diff
 	if ($from && $to && ref($from->{'href'}) eq "ARRAY") {
-		# combined diff
-		my $prefix = substr($line, 0, scalar @{$from->{'href'}});
-		if ($line =~ m/^\@{3}/) {
-			$diff_class = " chunk_header";
-		} elsif ($line =~ m/^\\/) {
-			$diff_class = " incomplete";
-		} elsif ($prefix =~ tr/+/+/) {
-			$diff_class = " add";
-		} elsif ($prefix =~ tr/-/-/) {
-			$diff_class = " rem";
-		}
-	} else {
-		# assume ordinary diff
-		my $char = substr($line, 0, 1);
-		if ($char eq '+') {
-			$diff_class = " add";
-		} elsif ($char eq '-') {
-			$diff_class = " rem";
-		} elsif ($char eq '@') {
-			$diff_class = " chunk_header";
-		} elsif ($char eq "\\") {
-			$diff_class = " incomplete";
-		}
+		$num_sign = scalar @{$from->{'href'}};
 	}
-	$line = untabify($line);
-	if ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{2} /) {
-		my ($from_text, $from_start, $from_lines, $to_text, $to_start, $to_lines, $section) =
-			$line =~ m/^\@{2} (-(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?) (\+(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?) \@{2}(.*)$/;
 
-		$from_lines = 0 unless defined $from_lines;
-		$to_lines   = 0 unless defined $to_lines;
+	my @diff_line_classifier = (
+		{ regexp => qr/^\@\@{$num_sign} /, class => "chunk_header"},
+		{ regexp => qr/^\\/,               class => "incomplete"  },
+		{ regexp => qr/^ {$num_sign}/,     class => "ctx" },
+		# classifier for context must come before classifier add/rem,
+		# or we would have to use more complicated regexp, for example
+		# qr/(?= {0,$m}\+)[+ ]{$num_sign}/, where $m = $num_sign - 1;
+		{ regexp => qr/^[+ ]{$num_sign}/,   class => "add" },
+		{ regexp => qr/^[- ]{$num_sign}/,   class => "rem" },
+	);
+	for my $clsfy (@diff_line_classifier) {
+		return $clsfy->{'class'}
+			if ($line =~ $clsfy->{'regexp'});
+	}
 
-		if ($from->{'href'}) {
-			$from_text = $cgi->a({-href=>"$from->{'href'}#l$from_start",
-			                     -class=>"list"}, $from_text);
-		}
-		if ($to->{'href'}) {
-			$to_text   = $cgi->a({-href=>"$to->{'href'}#l$to_start",
-			                     -class=>"list"}, $to_text);
-		}
-		$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">@@ $from_text $to_text @@</span>" .
-		        "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
-		return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">$line</div>\n";
-	} elsif ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{3}/) {
-		my ($prefix, $ranges, $section) = $line =~ m/^(\@+) (.*?) \@+(.*)$/;
-		my (@from_text, @from_start, @from_nlines, $to_text, $to_start, $to_nlines);
+	# fallback
+	return "";
+}
 
-		@from_text = split(' ', $ranges);
-		for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
-			($from_start[$i], $from_nlines[$i]) =
-				(split(',', substr($from_text[$i], 1)), 0);
-		}
+# assumes that $from and $to are defined and correctly filled,
+# and that $line holds a line of chunk header for unified diff
+sub format_unidiff_chunk_header {
+	my ($line, $from, $to) = @_;
 
-		$to_text   = pop @from_text;
-		$to_start  = pop @from_start;
-		$to_nlines = pop @from_nlines;
+	my ($from_text, $from_start, $from_lines, $to_text, $to_start, $to_lines, $section) =
+		$line =~ m/^\@{2} (-(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?) (\+(\d+)(?:,(\d+))?) \@{2}(.*)$/;
 
-		$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">$prefix ";
-		for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
-			if ($from->{'href'}[$i]) {
-				$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$from->{'href'}[$i]#l$from_start[$i]",
-				                  -class=>"list"}, $from_text[$i]);
-			} else {
-				$line .= $from_text[$i];
-			}
-			$line .= " ";
-		}
-		if ($to->{'href'}) {
-			$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$to->{'href'}#l$to_start",
-			                  -class=>"list"}, $to_text);
+	$from_lines = 0 unless defined $from_lines;
+	$to_lines   = 0 unless defined $to_lines;
+
+	if ($from->{'href'}) {
+		$from_text = $cgi->a({-href=>"$from->{'href'}#l$from_start",
+		                     -class=>"list"}, $from_text);
+	}
+	if ($to->{'href'}) {
+		$to_text   = $cgi->a({-href=>"$to->{'href'}#l$to_start",
+		                     -class=>"list"}, $to_text);
+	}
+	$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">@@ $from_text $to_text @@</span>" .
+	        "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
+	return $line;
+}
+
+# assumes that $from and $to are defined and correctly filled,
+# and that $line holds a line of chunk header for combined diff
+sub format_cc_diff_chunk_header {
+	my ($line, $from, $to) = @_;
+
+	my ($prefix, $ranges, $section) = $line =~ m/^(\@+) (.*?) \@+(.*)$/;
+	my (@from_text, @from_start, @from_nlines, $to_text, $to_start, $to_nlines);
+
+	@from_text = split(' ', $ranges);
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
+		($from_start[$i], $from_nlines[$i]) =
+			(split(',', substr($from_text[$i], 1)), 0);
+	}
+
+	$to_text   = pop @from_text;
+	$to_start  = pop @from_start;
+	$to_nlines = pop @from_nlines;
+
+	$line = "<span class=\"chunk_info\">$prefix ";
+	for (my $i = 0; $i < @from_text; ++$i) {
+		if ($from->{'href'}[$i]) {
+			$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$from->{'href'}[$i]#l$from_start[$i]",
+			                  -class=>"list"}, $from_text[$i]);
 		} else {
-			$line .= $to_text;
+			$line .= $from_text[$i];
 		}
-		$line .= " $prefix</span>" .
-		         "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
-		return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">$line</div>\n";
+		$line .= " ";
 	}
-	return "<div class=\"diff$diff_class\">" . esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1) . "</div>\n";
+	if ($to->{'href'}) {
+		$line .= $cgi->a({-href=>"$to->{'href'}#l$to_start",
+		                  -class=>"list"}, $to_text);
+	} else {
+		$line .= $to_text;
+	}
+	$line .= " $prefix</span>" .
+	         "<span class=\"section\">" . esc_html($section, -nbsp=>1) . "</span>";
+	return $line;
+}
+
+# process patch (diff) line (not to be used for diff headers),
+# returning HTML-formatted (but not wrapped) line.
+# If the line is passed as a reference, it is treated as HTML and not
+# esc_html()'ed.
+sub format_diff_line {
+	my ($line, $diff_class, $from, $to) = @_;
+
+	if (ref($line)) {
+		$line = $$line;
+	} else {
+		chomp $line;
+		$line = untabify($line);
+
+		if ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{2} /) {
+			$line = format_unidiff_chunk_header($line, $from, $to);
+		} elsif ($from && $to && $line =~ m/^\@{3}/) {
+			$line = format_cc_diff_chunk_header($line, $from, $to);
+		} else {
+			$line = esc_html($line, -nbsp=>1);
+		}
+	}
+
+	my $diff_classes = "diff";
+	$diff_classes .= " $diff_class" if ($diff_class);
+	$line = "<div class=\"$diff_classes\">$line</div>\n";
+
+	return $line;
 }
 
 # Generates undef or something like "_snapshot_" or "snapshot (_tbz2_ _zip_)",
@@ -2361,7 +2517,7 @@
 	return unless (defined $project);
 	# some views should link to OPML, or to generic project feed,
 	# or don't have specific feed yet (so they should use generic)
-	return if ($action =~ /^(?:tags|heads|forks|tag|search)$/x);
+	return if (!$action || $action =~ /^(?:tags|heads|forks|tag|search)$/x);
 
 	my $branch;
 	# branches refs uses 'refs/heads/' prefix (fullname) to differentiate
@@ -2540,12 +2696,15 @@
 	# only subsection, if exists, is case sensitive,
 	# and not lowercased by 'git config -z -l'
 	if (my ($hi, $mi, $lo) = ($key =~ /^([^.]*)\.(.*)\.([^.]*)$/)) {
+		$lo =~ s/_//g;
 		$key = join(".", lc($hi), $mi, lc($lo));
+		return if ($lo =~ /\W/ || $hi =~ /\W/);
 	} else {
 		$key = lc($key);
+		$key =~ s/_//g;
+		return if ($key =~ /\W/);
 	}
 	$key =~ s/^gitweb\.//;
-	return if ($key =~ m/\W/);
 
 	# type sanity check
 	if (defined $type) {
@@ -2735,7 +2894,7 @@
 	}
 
 	my $cloud;
-	my $matched = $cgi->param('by_tag');
+	my $matched = $input_params{'ctag'};
 	if (eval { require HTML::TagCloud; 1; }) {
 		$cloud = HTML::TagCloud->new;
 		foreach my $ctag (sort keys %ctags_lc) {
@@ -2797,19 +2956,18 @@
 
 sub git_get_projects_list {
 	my $filter = shift || '';
+	my $paranoid = shift;
 	my @list;
 
-	$filter =~ s/\.git$//;
-
 	if (-d $projects_list) {
 		# search in directory
 		my $dir = $projects_list;
 		# remove the trailing "/"
 		$dir =~ s!/+$!!;
-		my $pfxlen = length("$projects_list");
-		my $pfxdepth = ($projects_list =~ tr!/!!);
+		my $pfxlen = length("$dir");
+		my $pfxdepth = ($dir =~ tr!/!!);
 		# when filtering, search only given subdirectory
-		if ($filter) {
+		if ($filter && !$paranoid) {
 			$dir .= "/$filter";
 			$dir =~ s!/+$!!;
 		}
@@ -2834,6 +2992,10 @@
 				}
 
 				my $path = substr($File::Find::name, $pfxlen + 1);
+				# paranoidly only filter here
+				if ($paranoid && $filter && $path !~ m!^\Q$filter\E/!) {
+					next;
+				}
 				# we check related file in $projectroot
 				if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$path")) {
 					push @list, { path => $path };
@@ -2863,9 +3025,11 @@
 			}
 			if (check_export_ok("$projectroot/$path")) {
 				my $pr = {
-					path => $path,
-					owner => to_utf8($owner),
+					path => $path
 				};
+				if ($owner) {
+					$pr->{'owner'} = to_utf8($owner);
+				}
 				push @list, $pr;
 			}
 		}
@@ -2886,7 +3050,7 @@
 		$path =~ s/\.git$//;      # forks of 'repo.git' are in 'repo/' directory
 		next if ($path =~ m!/$!); # skip non-bare repositories, e.g. 'repo/.git'
 		next unless ($path);      # skip '.git' repository: tests, git-instaweb
-		next unless (-d $path);   # containing directory exists
+		next unless (-d "$projectroot/$path"); # containing directory exists
 		$pr->{'forks'} = [];      # there can be 0 or more forks of project
 
 		# add to trie
@@ -2939,11 +3103,15 @@
 sub search_projects_list {
 	my ($projlist, %opts) = @_;
 	my $tagfilter  = $opts{'tagfilter'};
-	my $searchtext = $opts{'searchtext'};
+	my $search_re = $opts{'search_regexp'};
 
 	return @$projlist
-		unless ($tagfilter || $searchtext);
+		unless ($tagfilter || $search_re);
 
+	# searching projects require filling to be run before it;
+	fill_project_list_info($projlist,
+	                       $tagfilter  ? 'ctags' : (),
+	                       $search_re ? ('path', 'descr') : ());
 	my @projects;
  PROJECT:
 	foreach my $pr (@$projlist) {
@@ -2954,10 +3122,10 @@
 				grep { lc($_) eq lc($tagfilter) } keys %{$pr->{'ctags'}};
 		}
 
-		if ($searchtext) {
+		if ($search_re) {
 			next unless
-				$pr->{'path'} =~ /$searchtext/ ||
-				$pr->{'descr_long'} =~ /$searchtext/;
+				$pr->{'path'} =~ /$search_re/ ||
+				$pr->{'descr_long'} =~ /$search_re/;
 		}
 
 		push @projects, $pr;
@@ -3699,7 +3867,12 @@
 sub get_page_title {
 	my $title = to_utf8($site_name);
 
-	return $title unless (defined $project);
+	unless (defined $project) {
+		if (defined $project_filter) {
+			$title .= " - projects in '" . esc_path($project_filter) . "'";
+		}
+		return $title;
+	}
 	$title .= " - " . to_utf8($project);
 
 	return $title unless (defined $action);
@@ -3743,6 +3916,7 @@
 				'-type' => "application/$type+xml"
 			);
 
+			$href_params{'extra_options'} = undef;
 			$href_params{'action'} = $type;
 			$link_attr{'-href'} = href(%href_params);
 			print "<link ".
@@ -3793,12 +3967,27 @@
 	}
 }
 
+sub print_nav_breadcrumbs_path {
+	my $dirprefix = undef;
+	while (my $part = shift) {
+		$dirprefix .= "/" if defined $dirprefix;
+		$dirprefix .= $part;
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project => undef,
+		                             project_filter => $dirprefix,
+		                             action => "project_list")},
+			      esc_html($part)) . " / ";
+	}
+}
+
 sub print_nav_breadcrumbs {
 	my %opts = @_;
 
 	print $cgi->a({-href => esc_url($home_link)}, $home_link_str) . " / ";
 	if (defined $project) {
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"summary")}, esc_html($project));
+		my @dirname = split '/', $project;
+		my $projectbasename = pop @dirname;
+		print_nav_breadcrumbs_path(@dirname);
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"summary")}, esc_html($projectbasename));
 		if (defined $action) {
 			my $action_print = $action ;
 			if (defined $opts{-action_extra}) {
@@ -3811,6 +4000,8 @@
 			print " / $opts{-action_extra}";
 		}
 		print "\n";
+	} elsif (defined $project_filter) {
+		print_nav_breadcrumbs_path(split '/', $project_filter);
 	}
 }
 
@@ -3841,7 +4032,7 @@
 	                       -values => ['commit', 'grep', 'author', 'committer', 'pickaxe']) .
 	      $cgi->sup($cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"search_help")}, "?")) .
 	      " search:\n",
-	      $cgi->textfield(-name => "s", -value => $searchtext) . "\n" .
+	      $cgi->textfield(-name => "s", -value => $searchtext, -override => 1) . "\n" .
 	      "<span title=\"Extended regular expression\">" .
 	      $cgi->checkbox(-name => 'sr', -value => 1, -label => 're',
 	                     -checked => $search_use_regexp) .
@@ -3879,6 +4070,11 @@
 		print "<base href=\"".esc_url($base_url)."\" />\n";
 	}
 	print_header_links($status);
+
+	if (defined $site_html_head_string) {
+		print to_utf8($site_html_head_string);
+	}
+
 	print "</head>\n" .
 	      "<body>\n";
 
@@ -3928,9 +4124,11 @@
 		}
 
 	} else {
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"opml"),
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"opml",
+		                             project_filter => $project_filter),
 		              -class => $feed_class}, "OPML") . " ";
-		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index"),
+		print $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>undef, action=>"project_index",
+		                             project_filter => $project_filter),
 		              -class => $feed_class}, "TXT") . "\n";
 	}
 	print "</div>\n"; # class="page_footer"
@@ -4293,30 +4491,33 @@
 	}
 
 	# print log
-	my $signoff = 0;
-	my $empty = 0;
+	my $skip_blank_line = 0;
 	foreach my $line (@$log) {
-		if ($line =~ m/^ *(signed[ \-]off[ \-]by[ :]|acked[ \-]by[ :]|cc[ :])/i) {
-			$signoff = 1;
-			$empty = 0;
+		if ($line =~ m/^\s*([A-Z][-A-Za-z]*-[Bb]y|C[Cc]): /) {
 			if (! $opts{'-remove_signoff'}) {
 				print "<span class=\"signoff\">" . esc_html($line) . "</span><br/>\n";
-				next;
-			} else {
-				# remove signoff lines
-				next;
+				$skip_blank_line = 1;
 			}
-		} else {
-			$signoff = 0;
+			next;
+		}
+
+		if ($line =~ m,\s*([a-z]*link): (https?://\S+),i) {
+			if (! $opts{'-remove_signoff'}) {
+				print "<span class=\"signoff\">" . esc_html($1) . ": " .
+					"<a href=\"" . esc_html($2) . "\">" . esc_html($2) . "</a>" .
+					"</span><br/>\n";
+				$skip_blank_line = 1;
+			}
+			next;
 		}
 
 		# print only one empty line
 		# do not print empty line after signoff
 		if ($line eq "") {
-			next if ($empty || $signoff);
-			$empty = 1;
+			next if ($skip_blank_line);
+			$skip_blank_line = 1;
 		} else {
-			$empty = 0;
+			$skip_blank_line = 0;
 		}
 
 		print format_log_line_html($line) . "<br/>\n";
@@ -4324,7 +4525,7 @@
 
 	if ($opts{'-final_empty_line'}) {
 		# end with single empty line
-		print "<br/>\n" unless $empty;
+		print "<br/>\n" unless $skip_blank_line;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -4826,8 +5027,239 @@
 	print "</table>\n";
 }
 
+# Print context lines and then rem/add lines in a side-by-side manner.
+sub print_sidebyside_diff_lines {
+	my ($ctx, $rem, $add) = @_;
+
+	# print context block before add/rem block
+	if (@$ctx) {
+		print join '',
+			'<div class="chunk_block ctx">',
+				'<div class="old">',
+				@$ctx,
+				'</div>',
+				'<div class="new">',
+				@$ctx,
+				'</div>',
+			'</div>';
+	}
+
+	if (!@$add) {
+		# pure removal
+		print join '',
+			'<div class="chunk_block rem">',
+				'<div class="old">',
+				@$rem,
+				'</div>',
+			'</div>';
+	} elsif (!@$rem) {
+		# pure addition
+		print join '',
+			'<div class="chunk_block add">',
+				'<div class="new">',
+				@$add,
+				'</div>',
+			'</div>';
+	} else {
+		print join '',
+			'<div class="chunk_block chg">',
+				'<div class="old">',
+				@$rem,
+				'</div>',
+				'<div class="new">',
+				@$add,
+				'</div>',
+			'</div>';
+	}
+}
+
+# Print context lines and then rem/add lines in inline manner.
+sub print_inline_diff_lines {
+	my ($ctx, $rem, $add) = @_;
+
+	print @$ctx, @$rem, @$add;
+}
+
+# Format removed and added line, mark changed part and HTML-format them.
+# Implementation is based on contrib/diff-highlight
+sub format_rem_add_lines_pair {
+	my ($rem, $add, $num_parents) = @_;
+
+	# We need to untabify lines before split()'ing them;
+	# otherwise offsets would be invalid.
+	chomp $rem;
+	chomp $add;
+	$rem = untabify($rem);
+	$add = untabify($add);
+
+	my @rem = split(//, $rem);
+	my @add = split(//, $add);
+	my ($esc_rem, $esc_add);
+	# Ignore leading +/- characters for each parent.
+	my ($prefix_len, $suffix_len) = ($num_parents, 0);
+	my ($prefix_has_nonspace, $suffix_has_nonspace);
+
+	my $shorter = (@rem < @add) ? @rem : @add;
+	while ($prefix_len < $shorter) {
+		last if ($rem[$prefix_len] ne $add[$prefix_len]);
+
+		$prefix_has_nonspace = 1 if ($rem[$prefix_len] !~ /\s/);
+		$prefix_len++;
+	}
+
+	while ($prefix_len + $suffix_len < $shorter) {
+		last if ($rem[-1 - $suffix_len] ne $add[-1 - $suffix_len]);
+
+		$suffix_has_nonspace = 1 if ($rem[-1 - $suffix_len] !~ /\s/);
+		$suffix_len++;
+	}
+
+	# Mark lines that are different from each other, but have some common
+	# part that isn't whitespace.  If lines are completely different, don't
+	# mark them because that would make output unreadable, especially if
+	# diff consists of multiple lines.
+	if ($prefix_has_nonspace || $suffix_has_nonspace) {
+		$esc_rem = esc_html_hl_regions($rem, 'marked',
+		        [$prefix_len, @rem - $suffix_len], -nbsp=>1);
+		$esc_add = esc_html_hl_regions($add, 'marked',
+		        [$prefix_len, @add - $suffix_len], -nbsp=>1);
+	} else {
+		$esc_rem = esc_html($rem, -nbsp=>1);
+		$esc_add = esc_html($add, -nbsp=>1);
+	}
+
+	return format_diff_line(\$esc_rem, 'rem'),
+	       format_diff_line(\$esc_add, 'add');
+}
+
+# HTML-format diff context, removed and added lines.
+sub format_ctx_rem_add_lines {
+	my ($ctx, $rem, $add, $num_parents) = @_;
+	my (@new_ctx, @new_rem, @new_add);
+	my $can_highlight = 0;
+	my $is_combined = ($num_parents > 1);
+
+	# Highlight if every removed line has a corresponding added line.
+	if (@$add > 0 && @$add == @$rem) {
+		$can_highlight = 1;
+
+		# Highlight lines in combined diff only if the chunk contains
+		# diff between the same version, e.g.
+		#
+		#    - a
+		#   -  b
+		#    + c
+		#   +  d
+		#
+		# Otherwise the highlightling would be confusing.
+		if ($is_combined) {
+			for (my $i = 0; $i < @$add; $i++) {
+				my $prefix_rem = substr($rem->[$i], 0, $num_parents);
+				my $prefix_add = substr($add->[$i], 0, $num_parents);
+
+				$prefix_rem =~ s/-/+/g;
+
+				if ($prefix_rem ne $prefix_add) {
+					$can_highlight = 0;
+					last;
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ($can_highlight) {
+		for (my $i = 0; $i < @$add; $i++) {
+			my ($line_rem, $line_add) = format_rem_add_lines_pair(
+			        $rem->[$i], $add->[$i], $num_parents);
+			push @new_rem, $line_rem;
+			push @new_add, $line_add;
+		}
+	} else {
+		@new_rem = map { format_diff_line($_, 'rem') } @$rem;
+		@new_add = map { format_diff_line($_, 'add') } @$add;
+	}
+
+	@new_ctx = map { format_diff_line($_, 'ctx') } @$ctx;
+
+	return (\@new_ctx, \@new_rem, \@new_add);
+}
+
+# Print context lines and then rem/add lines.
+sub print_diff_lines {
+	my ($ctx, $rem, $add, $diff_style, $num_parents) = @_;
+	my $is_combined = $num_parents > 1;
+
+	($ctx, $rem, $add) = format_ctx_rem_add_lines($ctx, $rem, $add,
+	        $num_parents);
+
+	if ($diff_style eq 'sidebyside' && !$is_combined) {
+		print_sidebyside_diff_lines($ctx, $rem, $add);
+	} else {
+		# default 'inline' style and unknown styles
+		print_inline_diff_lines($ctx, $rem, $add);
+	}
+}
+
+sub print_diff_chunk {
+	my ($diff_style, $num_parents, $from, $to, @chunk) = @_;
+	my (@ctx, @rem, @add);
+
+	# The class of the previous line.
+	my $prev_class = '';
+
+	return unless @chunk;
+
+	# incomplete last line might be among removed or added lines,
+	# or both, or among context lines: find which
+	for (my $i = 1; $i < @chunk; $i++) {
+		if ($chunk[$i][0] eq 'incomplete') {
+			$chunk[$i][0] = $chunk[$i-1][0];
+		}
+	}
+
+	# guardian
+	push @chunk, ["", ""];
+
+	foreach my $line_info (@chunk) {
+		my ($class, $line) = @$line_info;
+
+		# print chunk headers
+		if ($class && $class eq 'chunk_header') {
+			print format_diff_line($line, $class, $from, $to);
+			next;
+		}
+
+		## print from accumulator when have some add/rem lines or end
+		# of chunk (flush context lines), or when have add and rem
+		# lines and new block is reached (otherwise add/rem lines could
+		# be reordered)
+		if (!$class || ((@rem || @add) && $class eq 'ctx') ||
+		    (@rem && @add && $class ne $prev_class)) {
+			print_diff_lines(\@ctx, \@rem, \@add,
+		                         $diff_style, $num_parents);
+			@ctx = @rem = @add = ();
+		}
+
+		## adding lines to accumulator
+		# guardian value
+		last unless $line;
+		# rem, add or change
+		if ($class eq 'rem') {
+			push @rem, $line;
+		} elsif ($class eq 'add') {
+			push @add, $line;
+		}
+		# context line
+		if ($class eq 'ctx') {
+			push @ctx, $line;
+		}
+
+		$prev_class = $class;
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_patchset_body {
-	my ($fd, $difftree, $hash, @hash_parents) = @_;
+	my ($fd, $diff_style, $difftree, $hash, @hash_parents) = @_;
 	my ($hash_parent) = $hash_parents[0];
 
 	my $is_combined = (@hash_parents > 1);
@@ -4837,6 +5269,7 @@
 	my $diffinfo;
 	my $to_name;
 	my (%from, %to);
+	my @chunk; # for side-by-side diff
 
 	print "<div class=\"patchset\">\n";
 
@@ -4943,10 +5376,21 @@
 
 			next PATCH if ($patch_line =~ m/^diff /);
 
-			print format_diff_line($patch_line, \%from, \%to);
+			my $class = diff_line_class($patch_line, \%from, \%to);
+
+			if ($class eq 'chunk_header') {
+				print_diff_chunk($diff_style, scalar @hash_parents, \%from, \%to, @chunk);
+				@chunk = ();
+			}
+
+			push @chunk, [ $class, $patch_line ];
 		}
 
 	} continue {
+		if (@chunk) {
+			print_diff_chunk($diff_style, scalar @hash_parents, \%from, \%to, @chunk);
+			@chunk = ();
+		}
 		print "</div>\n"; # class="patch"
 	}
 
@@ -4979,35 +5423,98 @@
 
 # . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
 
-# fills project list info (age, description, owner, category, forks)
+sub git_project_search_form {
+	my ($searchtext, $search_use_regexp) = @_;
+
+	my $limit = '';
+	if ($project_filter) {
+		$limit = " in '$project_filter/'";
+	}
+
+	print "<div class=\"projsearch\">\n";
+	print $cgi->startform(-method => 'get', -action => $my_uri) .
+	      $cgi->hidden(-name => 'a', -value => 'project_list')  . "\n";
+	print $cgi->hidden(-name => 'pf', -value => $project_filter). "\n"
+		if (defined $project_filter);
+	print $cgi->textfield(-name => 's', -value => $searchtext,
+	                      -title => "Search project by name and description$limit",
+	                      -size => 60) . "\n" .
+	      "<span title=\"Extended regular expression\">" .
+	      $cgi->checkbox(-name => 'sr', -value => 1, -label => 're',
+	                     -checked => $search_use_regexp) .
+	      "</span>\n" .
+	      $cgi->submit(-name => 'btnS', -value => 'Search') .
+	      $cgi->end_form() . "\n" .
+	      $cgi->a({-href => href(project => undef, searchtext => undef,
+	                             project_filter => $project_filter)},
+	              esc_html("List all projects$limit")) . "<br />\n";
+	print "</div>\n";
+}
+
+# entry for given @keys needs filling if at least one of keys in list
+# is not present in %$project_info
+sub project_info_needs_filling {
+	my ($project_info, @keys) = @_;
+
+	# return List::MoreUtils::any { !exists $project_info->{$_} } @keys;
+	foreach my $key (@keys) {
+		if (!exists $project_info->{$key}) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return;
+}
+
+# fills project list info (age, description, owner, category, forks, etc.)
 # for each project in the list, removing invalid projects from
-# returned list
+# returned list, or fill only specified info.
+#
+# Invalid projects are removed from the returned list if and only if you
+# ask 'age' or 'age_string' to be filled, because they are the only fields
+# that run unconditionally git command that requires repository, and
+# therefore do always check if project repository is invalid.
+#
+# USAGE:
+# * fill_project_list_info(\@project_list, 'descr_long', 'ctags')
+#   ensures that 'descr_long' and 'ctags' fields are filled
+# * @project_list = fill_project_list_info(\@project_list)
+#   ensures that all fields are filled (and invalid projects removed)
+#
 # NOTE: modifies $projlist, but does not remove entries from it
 sub fill_project_list_info {
-	my $projlist = shift;
+	my ($projlist, @wanted_keys) = @_;
 	my @projects;
+	my $filter_set = sub { return @_; };
+	if (@wanted_keys) {
+		my %wanted_keys = map { $_ => 1 } @wanted_keys;
+		$filter_set = sub { return grep { $wanted_keys{$_} } @_; };
+	}
 
 	my $show_ctags = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
  PROJECT:
 	foreach my $pr (@$projlist) {
-		my (@activity) = git_get_last_activity($pr->{'path'});
-		unless (@activity) {
-			next PROJECT;
+		if (project_info_needs_filling($pr, $filter_set->('age', 'age_string'))) {
+			my (@activity) = git_get_last_activity($pr->{'path'});
+			unless (@activity) {
+				next PROJECT;
+			}
+			($pr->{'age'}, $pr->{'age_string'}) = @activity;
 		}
-		($pr->{'age'}, $pr->{'age_string'}) = @activity;
-		if (!defined $pr->{'descr'}) {
+		if (project_info_needs_filling($pr, $filter_set->('descr', 'descr_long'))) {
 			my $descr = git_get_project_description($pr->{'path'}) || "";
 			$descr = to_utf8($descr);
 			$pr->{'descr_long'} = $descr;
 			$pr->{'descr'} = chop_str($descr, $projects_list_description_width, 5);
 		}
-		if (!defined $pr->{'owner'}) {
+		if (project_info_needs_filling($pr, $filter_set->('owner'))) {
 			$pr->{'owner'} = git_get_project_owner("$pr->{'path'}") || "";
 		}
-		if ($show_ctags) {
+		if ($show_ctags &&
+		    project_info_needs_filling($pr, $filter_set->('ctags'))) {
 			$pr->{'ctags'} = git_get_project_ctags($pr->{'path'});
 		}
-		if ($projects_list_group_categories && !defined $pr->{'category'}) {
+		if ($projects_list_group_categories &&
+		    project_info_needs_filling($pr, $filter_set->('category'))) {
 			my $cat = git_get_project_category($pr->{'path'}) ||
 			                                   $project_list_default_category;
 			$pr->{'category'} = to_utf8($cat);
@@ -5021,23 +5528,30 @@
 
 sub sort_projects_list {
 	my ($projlist, $order) = @_;
-	my @projects;
 
-	my %order_info = (
-		project => { key => 'path', type => 'str' },
-		descr => { key => 'descr_long', type => 'str' },
-		owner => { key => 'owner', type => 'str' },
-		age => { key => 'age', type => 'num' }
-	);
-	my $oi = $order_info{$order};
-	return @$projlist unless defined $oi;
-	if ($oi->{'type'} eq 'str') {
-		@projects = sort {$a->{$oi->{'key'}} cmp $b->{$oi->{'key'}}} @$projlist;
-	} else {
-		@projects = sort {$a->{$oi->{'key'}} <=> $b->{$oi->{'key'}}} @$projlist;
+	sub order_str {
+		my $key = shift;
+		return sub { $a->{$key} cmp $b->{$key} };
 	}
 
-	return @projects;
+	sub order_num_then_undef {
+		my $key = shift;
+		return sub {
+			defined $a->{$key} ?
+				(defined $b->{$key} ? $a->{$key} <=> $b->{$key} : -1) :
+				(defined $b->{$key} ? 1 : 0)
+		};
+	}
+
+	my %orderings = (
+		project => order_str('path'),
+		descr => order_str('descr_long'),
+		owner => order_str('owner'),
+		age => order_num_then_undef('age'),
+	);
+
+	my $ordering = $orderings{$order};
+	return defined $ordering ? sort $ordering @$projlist : @$projlist;
 }
 
 # returns a hash of categories, containing the list of project
@@ -5111,14 +5625,25 @@
 			print "</td>\n";
 		}
 		print "<td>" . $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"summary"),
-		                        -class => "list"}, esc_html($pr->{'path'})) . "</td>\n" .
+		                        -class => "list"},
+		                       esc_html_match_hl($pr->{'path'}, $search_regexp)) .
+		      "</td>\n" .
 		      "<td>" . $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"summary"),
-		                        -class => "list", -title => $pr->{'descr_long'}},
-		                        esc_html($pr->{'descr'})) . "</td>\n" .
-		      "<td><i>" . chop_and_escape_str($pr->{'owner'}, 15) . "</i></td>\n";
-		print "<td class=\"". age_class($pr->{'age'}) . "\">" .
-		      (defined $pr->{'age_string'} ? $pr->{'age_string'} : "No commits") . "</td>\n" .
-		      "<td class=\"link\">" .
+		                        -class => "list",
+		                        -title => $pr->{'descr_long'}},
+		                        $search_regexp
+		                        ? esc_html_match_hl_chopped($pr->{'descr_long'},
+		                                                    $pr->{'descr'}, $search_regexp)
+		                        : esc_html($pr->{'descr'})) .
+		      "</td>\n";
+		unless ($omit_owner) {
+		        print "<td><i>" . chop_and_escape_str($pr->{'owner'}, 15) . "</i></td>\n";
+		}
+		unless ($omit_age_column) {
+		        print "<td class=\"". age_class($pr->{'age'}) . "\">" .
+		            (defined $pr->{'age_string'} ? $pr->{'age_string'} : "No commits") . "</td>\n";
+		}
+		print"<td class=\"link\">" .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"summary")}, "summary")   . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"shortlog")}, "shortlog") . " | " .
 		      $cgi->a({-href => href(project=>$pr->{'path'}, action=>"log")}, "log") . " | " .
@@ -5136,19 +5661,23 @@
 
 	my $check_forks = gitweb_check_feature('forks');
 	my $show_ctags  = gitweb_check_feature('ctags');
-	my $tagfilter = $show_ctags ? $cgi->param('by_tag') : undef;
+	my $tagfilter = $show_ctags ? $input_params{'ctag'} : undef;
 	$check_forks = undef
-		if ($tagfilter || $searchtext);
+		if ($tagfilter || $search_regexp);
 
 	# filtering out forks before filling info allows to do less work
 	@projects = filter_forks_from_projects_list(\@projects)
 		if ($check_forks);
-	@projects = fill_project_list_info(\@projects);
-	# searching projects require filling to be run before it
+	# search_projects_list pre-fills required info
 	@projects = search_projects_list(\@projects,
-	                                 'searchtext' => $searchtext,
+	                                 'search_regexp' => $search_regexp,
 	                                 'tagfilter'  => $tagfilter)
-		if ($tagfilter || $searchtext);
+		if ($tagfilter || $search_regexp);
+	# fill the rest
+	my @all_fields = ('descr', 'descr_long', 'ctags', 'category');
+	push @all_fields, ('age', 'age_string') unless($omit_age_column);
+	push @all_fields, 'owner' unless($omit_owner);
+	@projects = fill_project_list_info(\@projects, @all_fields);
 
 	$order ||= $default_projects_order;
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
@@ -5179,8 +5708,8 @@
 		}
 		print_sort_th('project', $order, 'Project');
 		print_sort_th('descr', $order, 'Description');
-		print_sort_th('owner', $order, 'Owner');
-		print_sort_th('age', $order, 'Last Change');
+		print_sort_th('owner', $order, 'Owner') unless $omit_owner;
+		print_sort_th('age', $order, 'Last Change') unless $omit_age_column;
 		print "<th></th>\n" . # for links
 		      "</tr>\n";
 	}
@@ -5424,7 +5953,7 @@
 
 sub git_heads_body {
 	# uses global variable $project
-	my ($headlist, $head, $from, $to, $extra) = @_;
+	my ($headlist, $head_at, $from, $to, $extra) = @_;
 	$from = 0 unless defined $from;
 	$to = $#{$headlist} if (!defined $to || $#{$headlist} < $to);
 
@@ -5433,7 +5962,7 @@
 	for (my $i = $from; $i <= $to; $i++) {
 		my $entry = $headlist->[$i];
 		my %ref = %$entry;
-		my $curr = $ref{'id'} eq $head;
+		my $curr = defined $head_at && $ref{'id'} eq $head_at;
 		if ($alternate) {
 			print "<tr class=\"dark\">\n";
 		} else {
@@ -5692,7 +6221,7 @@
 	my %co = @_;
 
 	local $/ = "\n";
-	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), 'grep', '-n',
+	open my $fd, "-|", git_cmd(), 'grep', '-n', '-z',
 		$search_use_regexp ? ('-E', '-i') : '-F',
 		$searchtext, $co{'tree'}
 			or die_error(500, "Open git-grep failed");
@@ -5706,6 +6235,7 @@
 	my $alternate = 1;
 	my $matches = 0;
 	my $lastfile = '';
+	my $file_href;
 	while (my $line = <$fd>) {
 		chomp $line;
 		my ($file, $lno, $ltext, $binary);
@@ -5714,7 +6244,8 @@
 			$file = $1;
 			$binary = 1;
 		} else {
-			(undef, $file, $lno, $ltext) = split(/:/, $line, 4);
+			($file, $lno, $ltext) = split(/\0/, $line, 3);
+			$file =~ s/^$co{'tree'}://;
 		}
 		if ($file ne $lastfile) {
 			$lastfile and print "</td></tr>\n";
@@ -5723,10 +6254,10 @@
 			} else {
 				print "<tr class=\"light\">\n";
 			}
+			$file_href = href(action=>"blob", hash_base=>$co{'id'},
+			                  file_name=>$file);
 			print "<td class=\"list\">".
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$co{'hash'},
-						       file_name=>"$file"),
-					-class => "list"}, esc_path($file));
+				$cgi->a({-href => $file_href, -class => "list"}, esc_path($file));
 			print "</td><td>\n";
 			$lastfile = $file;
 		}
@@ -5744,10 +6275,9 @@
 				$ltext = esc_html($ltext, -nbsp=>1);
 			}
 			print "<div class=\"pre\">" .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blob", hash=>$co{'hash'},
-						       file_name=>"$file").'#l'.$lno,
-					-class => "linenr"}, sprintf('%4i', $lno))
-				. ' ' .  $ltext . "</div>\n";
+				$cgi->a({-href => $file_href.'#l'.$lno,
+				        -class => "linenr"}, sprintf('%4i', $lno)) .
+				' ' .  $ltext . "</div>\n";
 		}
 	}
 	if ($lastfile) {
@@ -5835,7 +6365,7 @@
 		die_error(400, "Unknown order parameter");
 	}
 
-	my @list = git_get_projects_list();
+	my @list = git_get_projects_list($project_filter, $strict_export);
 	if (!@list) {
 		die_error(404, "No projects found");
 	}
@@ -5846,11 +6376,8 @@
 		insert_file($home_text);
 		print "</div>\n";
 	}
-	print $cgi->startform(-method => "get") .
-	      "<p class=\"projsearch\">Search:\n" .
-	      $cgi->textfield(-name => "s", -value => $searchtext) . "\n" .
-	      "</p>" .
-	      $cgi->end_form() . "\n";
+
+	git_project_search_form($searchtext, $search_use_regexp);
 	git_project_list_body(\@list, $order);
 	git_footer_html();
 }
@@ -5861,7 +6388,9 @@
 		die_error(400, "Unknown order parameter");
 	}
 
-	my @list = git_get_projects_list($project);
+	my $filter = $project;
+	$filter =~ s/\.git$//;
+	my @list = git_get_projects_list($filter);
 	if (!@list) {
 		die_error(404, "No forks found");
 	}
@@ -5874,7 +6403,7 @@
 }
 
 sub git_project_index {
-	my @projects = git_get_projects_list();
+	my @projects = git_get_projects_list($project_filter, $strict_export);
 	if (!@projects) {
 		die_error(404, "No projects found");
 	}
@@ -5920,7 +6449,9 @@
 
 	if ($check_forks) {
 		# find forks of a project
-		@forklist = git_get_projects_list($project);
+		my $filter = $project;
+		$filter =~ s/\.git$//;
+		@forklist = git_get_projects_list($filter);
 		# filter out forks of forks
 		@forklist = filter_forks_from_projects_list(\@forklist)
 			if (@forklist);
@@ -5931,8 +6462,10 @@
 
 	print "<div class=\"title\">&nbsp;</div>\n";
 	print "<table class=\"projects_list\">\n" .
-	      "<tr id=\"metadata_desc\"><td>description</td><td>" . esc_html($descr) . "</td></tr>\n" .
-	      "<tr id=\"metadata_owner\"><td>owner</td><td>" . esc_html($owner) . "</td></tr>\n";
+	      "<tr id=\"metadata_desc\"><td>description</td><td>" . esc_html($descr) . "</td></tr>\n";
+        unless ($omit_owner) {
+	        print  "<tr id=\"metadata_owner\"><td>owner</td><td>" . esc_html($owner) . "</td></tr>\n";
+        }
 	if (defined $cd{'rfc2822'}) {
 		print "<tr id=\"metadata_lchange\"><td>last change</td>" .
 		      "<td>".format_timestamp_html(\%cd)."</td></tr>\n";
@@ -6051,7 +6584,7 @@
 
 sub git_blame_common {
 	my $format = shift || 'porcelain';
-	if ($format eq 'porcelain' && $cgi->param('js')) {
+	if ($format eq 'porcelain' && $input_params{'javascript'}) {
 		$format = 'incremental';
 		$action = 'blame_incremental'; # for page title etc
 	}
@@ -6100,7 +6633,9 @@
 			-type=>"text/plain", -charset => "utf-8",
 			-status=> "200 OK");
 		local $| = 1; # output autoflush
-		print while <$fd>;
+		while (my $line = <$fd>) {
+			print to_utf8($line);
+		}
 		close $fd
 			or print "ERROR $!\n";
 
@@ -6652,6 +7187,28 @@
 	return wantarray ? ($name, $name) : $name;
 }
 
+sub exit_if_unmodified_since {
+	my ($latest_epoch) = @_;
+	our $cgi;
+
+	my $if_modified = $cgi->http('IF_MODIFIED_SINCE');
+	if (defined $if_modified) {
+		my $since;
+		if (eval { require HTTP::Date; 1; }) {
+			$since = HTTP::Date::str2time($if_modified);
+		} elsif (eval { require Time::ParseDate; 1; }) {
+			$since = Time::ParseDate::parsedate($if_modified, GMT => 1);
+		}
+		if (defined $since && $latest_epoch <= $since) {
+			my %latest_date = parse_date($latest_epoch);
+			print $cgi->header(
+				-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'},
+				-status => '304 Not Modified');
+			goto DONE_GITWEB;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 sub git_snapshot {
 	my $format = $input_params{'snapshot_format'};
 	if (!@snapshot_fmts) {
@@ -6678,6 +7235,10 @@
 
 	my ($name, $prefix) = snapshot_name($project, $hash);
 	my $filename = "$name$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'suffix'}";
+
+	my %co = parse_commit($hash);
+	exit_if_unmodified_since($co{'committer_epoch'}) if %co;
+
 	my $cmd = quote_command(
 		git_cmd(), 'archive',
 		"--format=$known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'format'}",
@@ -6687,9 +7248,15 @@
 	}
 
 	$filename =~ s/(["\\])/\\$1/g;
+	my %latest_date;
+	if (%co) {
+		%latest_date = parse_date($co{'committer_epoch'}, $co{'committer_tz'});
+	}
+
 	print $cgi->header(
 		-type => $known_snapshot_formats{$format}{'type'},
 		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="' . $filename . '"',
+		%co ? (-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'}) : (),
 		-status => '200 OK');
 
 	open my $fd, "-|", $cmd
@@ -6942,6 +7509,7 @@
 
 sub git_blobdiff {
 	my $format = shift || 'html';
+	my $diff_style = $input_params{'diff_style'} || 'inline';
 
 	my $fd;
 	my @difftree;
@@ -7020,6 +7588,7 @@
 		my $formats_nav =
 			$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"blobdiff_plain", -replay=>1)},
 			        "raw");
+		$formats_nav .= diff_style_nav($diff_style);
 		git_header_html(undef, $expires);
 		if (defined $hash_base && (my %co = parse_commit($hash_base))) {
 			git_print_page_nav('','', $hash_base,$co{'tree'},$hash_base, $formats_nav);
@@ -7051,7 +7620,8 @@
 	if ($format eq 'html') {
 		print "<div class=\"page_body\">\n";
 
-		git_patchset_body($fd, [ \%diffinfo ], $hash_base, $hash_parent_base);
+		git_patchset_body($fd, $diff_style,
+		                  [ \%diffinfo ], $hash_base, $hash_parent_base);
 		close $fd;
 
 		print "</div>\n"; # class="page_body"
@@ -7076,9 +7646,31 @@
 	git_blobdiff('plain');
 }
 
+# assumes that it is added as later part of already existing navigation,
+# so it returns "| foo | bar" rather than just "foo | bar"
+sub diff_style_nav {
+	my ($diff_style, $is_combined) = @_;
+	$diff_style ||= 'inline';
+
+	return "" if ($is_combined);
+
+	my @styles = (inline => 'inline', 'sidebyside' => 'side by side');
+	my %styles = @styles;
+	@styles =
+		@styles[ map { $_ * 2 } 0..$#styles/2 ];
+
+	return join '',
+		map { " | ".$_ }
+		map {
+			$_ eq $diff_style ? $styles{$_} :
+			$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1, diff_style => $_)}, $styles{$_})
+		} @styles;
+}
+
 sub git_commitdiff {
 	my %params = @_;
 	my $format = $params{-format} || 'html';
+	my $diff_style = $input_params{'diff_style'} || 'inline';
 
 	my ($patch_max) = gitweb_get_feature('patches');
 	if ($format eq 'patch') {
@@ -7104,6 +7696,7 @@
 				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"patch", -replay=>1)},
 					"patch");
 		}
+		$formats_nav .= diff_style_nav($diff_style, @{$co{'parents'}} > 1);
 
 		if (defined $hash_parent &&
 		    $hash_parent ne '-c' && $hash_parent ne '--cc') {
@@ -7121,8 +7714,8 @@
 				}
 			}
 			$formats_nav .= ': ' .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
-				                       hash=>$hash_parent)},
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1,
+				                       hash=>$hash_parent, hash_base=>undef)},
 				        esc_html($hash_parent_short)) .
 				')';
 		} elsif (!$co{'parent'}) {
@@ -7132,28 +7725,28 @@
 			# single parent commit
 			$formats_nav .=
 				' (parent: ' .
-				$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
-				                       hash=>$co{'parent'})},
+				$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1,
+				                       hash=>$co{'parent'}, hash_base=>undef)},
 				        esc_html(substr($co{'parent'}, 0, 7))) .
 				')';
 		} else {
 			# merge commit
 			if ($hash_parent eq '--cc') {
 				$formats_nav .= ' | ' .
-					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1,
 					                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>'-c')},
 					        'combined');
 			} else { # $hash_parent eq '-c'
 				$formats_nav .= ' | ' .
-					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1,
 					                       hash=>$hash, hash_parent=>'--cc')},
 					        'compact');
 			}
 			$formats_nav .=
 				' (merge: ' .
 				join(' ', map {
-					$cgi->a({-href => href(action=>"commitdiff",
-					                       hash=>$_)},
+					$cgi->a({-href => href(-replay=>1,
+					                       hash=>$_, hash_base=>undef)},
 					        esc_html(substr($_, 0, 7)));
 				} @{$co{'parents'}} ) .
 				')';
@@ -7282,7 +7875,8 @@
 		                  $use_parents ? @{$co{'parents'}} : $hash_parent);
 		print "<br/>\n";
 
-		git_patchset_body($fd, \@difftree, $hash,
+		git_patchset_body($fd, $diff_style,
+		                  \@difftree, $hash,
 		                  $use_parents ? @{$co{'parents'}} : $hash_parent);
 		close $fd;
 		print "</div>\n"; # class="page_body"
@@ -7442,33 +8036,14 @@
 	if (defined($commitlist[0])) {
 		%latest_commit = %{$commitlist[0]};
 		my $latest_epoch = $latest_commit{'committer_epoch'};
-		%latest_date   = parse_date($latest_epoch, $latest_commit{'comitter_tz'});
-		my $if_modified = $cgi->http('IF_MODIFIED_SINCE');
-		if (defined $if_modified) {
-			my $since;
-			if (eval { require HTTP::Date; 1; }) {
-				$since = HTTP::Date::str2time($if_modified);
-			} elsif (eval { require Time::ParseDate; 1; }) {
-				$since = Time::ParseDate::parsedate($if_modified, GMT => 1);
-			}
-			if (defined $since && $latest_epoch <= $since) {
-				print $cgi->header(
-					-type => $content_type,
-					-charset => 'utf-8',
-					-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'},
-					-status => '304 Not Modified');
-				return;
-			}
-		}
-		print $cgi->header(
-			-type => $content_type,
-			-charset => 'utf-8',
-			-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'});
-	} else {
-		print $cgi->header(
-			-type => $content_type,
-			-charset => 'utf-8');
+		exit_if_unmodified_since($latest_epoch);
+		%latest_date = parse_date($latest_epoch, $latest_commit{'committer_tz'});
 	}
+	print $cgi->header(
+		-type => $content_type,
+		-charset => 'utf-8',
+		%latest_date ? (-last_modified => $latest_date{'rfc2822'}) : (),
+		-status => '200 OK');
 
 	# Optimization: skip generating the body if client asks only
 	# for Last-Modified date.
@@ -7489,6 +8064,7 @@
 		$feed_type = 'history';
 	}
 	$title .= " $feed_type";
+	$title = esc_html($title);
 	my $descr = git_get_project_description($project);
 	if (defined $descr) {
 		$descr = esc_html($descr);
@@ -7682,7 +8258,7 @@
 }
 
 sub git_opml {
-	my @list = git_get_projects_list();
+	my @list = git_get_projects_list($project_filter, $strict_export);
 	if (!@list) {
 		die_error(404, "No projects found");
 	}
@@ -7692,11 +8268,18 @@
 		-charset => 'utf-8',
 		-content_disposition => 'inline; filename="opml.xml"');
 
+	my $title = esc_html($site_name);
+	my $filter = " within subdirectory ";
+	if (defined $project_filter) {
+		$filter .= esc_html($project_filter);
+	} else {
+		$filter = "";
+	}
 	print <<XML;
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <opml version="1.0">
 <head>
-  <title>$site_name OPML Export</title>
+  <title>$title OPML Export$filter</title>
 </head>
 <body>
 <outline text="git RSS feeds">
diff --git a/gitweb/static/gitweb.css b/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
index 7d88509..cb86d2d 100644
--- a/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
+++ b/gitweb/static/gitweb.css
@@ -438,6 +438,10 @@
 	color: #008800;
 }
 
+div.diff.add span.marked {
+	background-color: #aaffaa;
+}
+
 div.diff.from_file a.path,
 div.diff.from_file {
 	color: #aa0000;
@@ -447,6 +451,10 @@
 	color: #cc0000;
 }
 
+div.diff.rem span.marked {
+	background-color: #ffaaaa;
+}
+
 div.diff.chunk_header a,
 div.diff.chunk_header {
 	color: #990099;
@@ -475,6 +483,36 @@
 	color: #600000;
 }
 
+/* side-by-side diff */
+div.chunk_block {
+	overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+div.chunk_block div.old {
+	float: left;
+	width: 50%;
+	overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+div.chunk_block div.new {
+	margin-left: 50%;
+	width: 50%;
+}
+
+div.chunk_block.rem div.old div.diff.rem {
+	background-color: #fff5f5;
+}
+div.chunk_block.add div.new div.diff.add {
+	background-color: #f8fff8;
+}
+div.chunk_block.chg div     div.diff {
+	background-color: #fffff0;
+}
+div.chunk_block.ctx div     div.diff.ctx {
+	color: #404040;
+}
+
+
 div.index_include {
 	border: solid #d9d8d1;
 	border-width: 0px 0px 1px;
@@ -490,8 +528,13 @@
 	right: 12px
 }
 
-p.projsearch {
+div.projsearch {
 	text-align: center;
+	margin: 20px 0px;
+}
+
+div.projsearch form {
+	margin-bottom: 2px;
 }
 
 td.linenr {
diff --git a/gitweb/static/js/lib/cookies.js b/gitweb/static/js/lib/cookies.js
index 72b51cd..66b9a07 100644
--- a/gitweb/static/js/lib/cookies.js
+++ b/gitweb/static/js/lib/cookies.js
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@
  *                            If a negative value is specified or a date in the past),
  *                            the cookie will be deleted.
  *                            If set to null or omitted, the cookie will be a session cookie
- *                            and will not be retained when the the browser exits.
+ *                            and will not be retained when the browser exits.
  * @param {String} [options.path] Restrict access of a cookie to particular directory
  *                               (default: path of page that created the cookie).
  * @param {String} [options.domain] Override what web sites are allowed to access cookie
diff --git a/gpg-interface.c b/gpg-interface.c
index bcf55a4..5f142f6 100644
--- a/gpg-interface.c
+++ b/gpg-interface.c
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
 #include "sigchain.h"
 
 static char *configured_signing_key;
+static const char *gpg_program = "gpg";
 
 void set_signing_key(const char *key)
 {
@@ -15,9 +16,12 @@
 int git_gpg_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp(var, "user.signingkey")) {
+		set_signing_key(value);
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(var, "gpg.program")) {
 		if (!value)
 			return config_error_nonbool(var);
-		set_signing_key(value);
+		gpg_program = xstrdup(value);
 	}
 	return 0;
 }
@@ -26,7 +30,7 @@
 {
 	if (configured_signing_key)
 		return configured_signing_key;
-	return git_committer_info(IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME|IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	return git_committer_info(IDENT_STRICT|IDENT_NO_DATE);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -46,7 +50,7 @@
 	gpg.argv = args;
 	gpg.in = -1;
 	gpg.out = -1;
-	args[0] = "gpg";
+	args[0] = gpg_program;
 	args[1] = "-bsau";
 	args[2] = signing_key;
 	args[3] = NULL;
@@ -91,20 +95,18 @@
 
 /*
  * Run "gpg" to see if the payload matches the detached signature.
- * gpg_output_to tells where the output from "gpg" should go:
- *   < 0: /dev/null
- *   = 0: standard error of the calling process
- *   > 0: the specified file descriptor
+ * gpg_output, when set, receives the diagnostic output from GPG.
  */
 int verify_signed_buffer(const char *payload, size_t payload_size,
 			 const char *signature, size_t signature_size,
 			 struct strbuf *gpg_output)
 {
 	struct child_process gpg;
-	const char *args_gpg[] = {"gpg", "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
+	const char *args_gpg[] = {NULL, "--verify", "FILE", "-", NULL};
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	int fd, ret;
 
+	args_gpg[0] = gpg_program;
 	fd = git_mkstemp(path, PATH_MAX, ".git_vtag_tmpXXXXXX");
 	if (fd < 0)
 		return error("could not create temporary file '%s': %s",
diff --git a/graph.c b/graph.c
index 7358416..391a712 100644
--- a/graph.c
+++ b/graph.c
@@ -8,6 +8,34 @@
 /* Internal API */
 
 /*
+ * Output the next line for a graph.
+ * This formats the next graph line into the specified strbuf.  It is not
+ * terminated with a newline.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if the line includes the current commit, and 0 otherwise.
+ * graph_next_line() will return 1 exactly once for each time
+ * graph_update() is called.
+ */
+static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
+
+/*
+ * Set up a custom scheme for column colors.
+ *
+ * The default column color scheme inserts ANSI color escapes to colorize
+ * the graph. The various color escapes are stored in an array of strings
+ * where each entry corresponds to a color, except for the last entry,
+ * which denotes the escape for resetting the color back to the default.
+ * When generating the graph, strings from this array are inserted before
+ * and after the various column characters.
+ *
+ * This function allows you to enable a custom array of color escapes.
+ * The 'colors_max' argument is the index of the last "reset" entry.
+ *
+ * This functions must be called BEFORE graph_init() is called.
+ */
+static void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max);
+
+/*
  * Output a padding line in the graph.
  * This is similar to graph_next_line().  However, it is guaranteed to
  * never print the current commit line.  Instead, if the commit line is
@@ -62,7 +90,7 @@
 static const char **column_colors;
 static unsigned short column_colors_max;
 
-void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max)
+static void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max)
 {
 	column_colors = colors;
 	column_colors_max = colors_max;
@@ -194,8 +222,10 @@
 	struct git_graph *graph = data;
 	static struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
+	assert(opt);
 	assert(graph);
 
+	opt->output_prefix_length = graph->width;
 	strbuf_reset(&msgbuf);
 	graph_padding_line(graph, &msgbuf);
 	return &msgbuf;
@@ -245,6 +275,7 @@
 	 */
 	opt->diffopt.output_prefix = diff_output_prefix_callback;
 	opt->diffopt.output_prefix_data = graph;
+	opt->diffopt.output_prefix_length = 0;
 
 	return graph;
 }
@@ -1113,7 +1144,7 @@
 		graph_update_state(graph, GRAPH_PADDING);
 }
 
-int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
+static int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	switch (graph->state) {
 	case GRAPH_PADDING:
@@ -1196,7 +1227,7 @@
 	if (!graph)
 		return;
 
-	while (!shown_commit_line) {
+	while (!shown_commit_line && !graph_is_commit_finished(graph)) {
 		shown_commit_line = graph_next_line(graph, &msgbuf);
 		fwrite(msgbuf.buf, sizeof(char), msgbuf.len, stdout);
 		if (!shown_commit_line)
diff --git a/graph.h b/graph.h
index aff960c..19b0f66 100644
--- a/graph.h
+++ b/graph.h
@@ -4,22 +4,6 @@
 /* A graph is a pointer to this opaque structure */
 struct git_graph;
 
-/*
- * Set up a custom scheme for column colors.
- *
- * The default column color scheme inserts ANSI color escapes to colorize
- * the graph. The various color escapes are stored in an array of strings
- * where each entry corresponds to a color, except for the last entry,
- * which denotes the escape for resetting the color back to the default.
- * When generating the graph, strings from this array are inserted before
- * and after the various column characters.
- *
- * This function allows you to enable a custom array of color escapes.
- * The 'colors_max' argument is the index of the last "reset" entry.
- *
- * This functions must be called BEFORE graph_init() is called.
- */
-void graph_set_column_colors(const char **colors, unsigned short colors_max);
 
 /*
  * Create a new struct git_graph.
@@ -49,17 +33,6 @@
  */
 int graph_is_commit_finished(struct git_graph const *graph);
 
-/*
- * Output the next line for a graph.
- * This formats the next graph line into the specified strbuf.  It is not
- * terminated with a newline.
- *
- * Returns 1 if the line includes the current commit, and 0 otherwise.
- * graph_next_line() will return 1 exactly once for each time
- * graph_update() is called.
- */
-int graph_next_line(struct git_graph *graph, struct strbuf *sb);
-
 
 /*
  * graph_show_*: helper functions for printing to stdout
diff --git a/grep.c b/grep.c
index b29d09c..4bd1b8b 100644
--- a/grep.c
+++ b/grep.c
@@ -3,18 +3,247 @@
 #include "userdiff.h"
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 
-void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, enum grep_header_field field, const char *pat)
+static int grep_source_load(struct grep_source *gs);
+static int grep_source_is_binary(struct grep_source *gs);
+
+static struct grep_opt grep_defaults;
+
+/*
+ * Initialize the grep_defaults template with hardcoded defaults.
+ * We could let the compiler do this, but without C99 initializers
+ * the code gets unwieldy and unreadable, so...
+ */
+void init_grep_defaults(void)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *opt = &grep_defaults;
+	static int run_once;
+
+	if (run_once)
+		return;
+	run_once++;
+
+	memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
+	opt->relative = 1;
+	opt->pathname = 1;
+	opt->regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
+	opt->max_depth = -1;
+	opt->pattern_type_option = GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;
+	opt->extended_regexp_option = 0;
+	strcpy(opt->color_context, "");
+	strcpy(opt->color_filename, "");
+	strcpy(opt->color_function, "");
+	strcpy(opt->color_lineno, "");
+	strcpy(opt->color_match, GIT_COLOR_BOLD_RED);
+	strcpy(opt->color_selected, "");
+	strcpy(opt->color_sep, GIT_COLOR_CYAN);
+	opt->color = -1;
+}
+
+static int parse_pattern_type_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "default"))
+		return GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "basic"))
+		return GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "extended"))
+		return GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "fixed"))
+		return GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED;
+	else if (!strcmp(arg, "perl"))
+		return GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE;
+	die("bad %s argument: %s", opt, arg);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the configuration file once and store it in
+ * the grep_defaults template.
+ */
+int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *opt = &grep_defaults;
+	char *color = NULL;
+
+	if (userdiff_config(var, value) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.extendedregexp")) {
+		if (git_config_bool(var, value))
+			opt->extended_regexp_option = 1;
+		else
+			opt->extended_regexp_option = 0;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.patterntype")) {
+		opt->pattern_type_option = parse_pattern_type_arg(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "grep.linenumber")) {
+		opt->linenum = git_config_bool(var, value);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep"))
+		opt->color = git_config_colorbool(var, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.context"))
+		color = opt->color_context;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.filename"))
+		color = opt->color_filename;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.function"))
+		color = opt->color_function;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.linenumber"))
+		color = opt->color_lineno;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.match"))
+		color = opt->color_match;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.selected"))
+		color = opt->color_selected;
+	else if (!strcmp(var, "color.grep.separator"))
+		color = opt->color_sep;
+
+	if (color) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		color_parse(value, var, color);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Initialize one instance of grep_opt and copy the
+ * default values from the template we read the configuration
+ * information in an earlier call to git_config(grep_config).
+ */
+void grep_init(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct grep_opt *def = &grep_defaults;
+
+	memset(opt, 0, sizeof(*opt));
+	opt->prefix = prefix;
+	opt->prefix_length = (prefix && *prefix) ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+	opt->pattern_tail = &opt->pattern_list;
+	opt->header_tail = &opt->header_list;
+
+	opt->color = def->color;
+	opt->extended_regexp_option = def->extended_regexp_option;
+	opt->pattern_type_option = def->pattern_type_option;
+	opt->linenum = def->linenum;
+	opt->max_depth = def->max_depth;
+	opt->pathname = def->pathname;
+	opt->regflags = def->regflags;
+	opt->relative = def->relative;
+
+	strcpy(opt->color_context, def->color_context);
+	strcpy(opt->color_filename, def->color_filename);
+	strcpy(opt->color_function, def->color_function);
+	strcpy(opt->color_lineno, def->color_lineno);
+	strcpy(opt->color_match, def->color_match);
+	strcpy(opt->color_selected, def->color_selected);
+	strcpy(opt->color_sep, def->color_sep);
+}
+
+void grep_commit_pattern_type(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	if (pattern_type != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(pattern_type, opt);
+	else if (opt->pattern_type_option != GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED)
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(opt->pattern_type_option, opt);
+	else if (opt->extended_regexp_option)
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE, opt);
+}
+
+void grep_set_pattern_type_option(enum grep_pattern_type pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	switch (pattern_type) {
+	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED:
+		/* fall through */
+
+	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE:
+		opt->fixed = 0;
+		opt->pcre = 0;
+		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
+		break;
+
+	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE:
+		opt->fixed = 0;
+		opt->pcre = 0;
+		opt->regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+		break;
+
+	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED:
+		opt->fixed = 1;
+		opt->pcre = 0;
+		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
+		break;
+
+	case GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE:
+		opt->fixed = 0;
+		opt->pcre = 1;
+		opt->regflags &= ~REG_EXTENDED;
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static struct grep_pat *create_grep_pat(const char *pat, size_t patlen,
+					const char *origin, int no,
+					enum grep_pat_token t,
+					enum grep_header_field field)
 {
 	struct grep_pat *p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p));
-	p->pattern = pat;
-	p->patternlen = strlen(pat);
-	p->origin = "header";
-	p->no = 0;
-	p->token = GREP_PATTERN_HEAD;
+	p->pattern = xmemdupz(pat, patlen);
+	p->patternlen = patlen;
+	p->origin = origin;
+	p->no = no;
+	p->token = t;
 	p->field = field;
-	*opt->header_tail = p;
-	opt->header_tail = &p->next;
+	return p;
+}
+
+static void do_append_grep_pat(struct grep_pat ***tail, struct grep_pat *p)
+{
+	**tail = p;
+	*tail = &p->next;
 	p->next = NULL;
+
+	switch (p->token) {
+	case GREP_PATTERN: /* atom */
+	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
+	case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
+		for (;;) {
+			struct grep_pat *new_pat;
+			size_t len = 0;
+			char *cp = p->pattern + p->patternlen, *nl = NULL;
+			while (++len <= p->patternlen) {
+				if (*(--cp) == '\n') {
+					nl = cp;
+					break;
+				}
+			}
+			if (!nl)
+				break;
+			new_pat = create_grep_pat(nl + 1, len - 1, p->origin,
+						  p->no, p->token, p->field);
+			new_pat->next = p->next;
+			if (!p->next)
+				*tail = &new_pat->next;
+			p->next = new_pat;
+			*nl = '\0';
+			p->patternlen -= len;
+		}
+		break;
+	default:
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt,
+				enum grep_header_field field, const char *pat)
+{
+	struct grep_pat *p = create_grep_pat(pat, strlen(pat), "header", 0,
+					     GREP_PATTERN_HEAD, field);
+	if (field == GREP_HEADER_REFLOG)
+		opt->use_reflog_filter = 1;
+	do_append_grep_pat(&opt->header_tail, p);
 }
 
 void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat,
@@ -26,15 +255,8 @@
 void append_grep_pat(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, size_t patlen,
 		     const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t)
 {
-	struct grep_pat *p = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*p));
-	p->pattern = pat;
-	p->patternlen = patlen;
-	p->origin = origin;
-	p->no = no;
-	p->token = t;
-	*opt->pattern_tail = p;
-	opt->pattern_tail = &p->next;
-	p->next = NULL;
+	struct grep_pat *p = create_grep_pat(pat, patlen, origin, no, t, 0);
+	do_append_grep_pat(&opt->pattern_tail, p);
 }
 
 struct grep_opt *grep_opt_dup(const struct grep_opt *opt)
@@ -79,7 +301,7 @@
 {
 	const char *error;
 	int erroffset;
-	int options = 0;
+	int options = PCRE_MULTILINE;
 
 	if (opt->ignore_case)
 		options |= PCRE_CASELESS;
@@ -168,15 +390,10 @@
 		p->fixed = 0;
 
 	if (p->fixed) {
-		if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE || p->ignore_case) {
-			static char trans[256];
-			int i;
-			for (i = 0; i < 256; i++)
-				trans[i] = tolower(i);
-			p->kws = kwsalloc(trans);
-		} else {
+		if (opt->regflags & REG_ICASE || p->ignore_case)
+			p->kws = kwsalloc(tolower_trans_tbl);
+		else
 			p->kws = kwsalloc(NULL);
-		}
 		kwsincr(p->kws, p->pattern, p->patternlen);
 		kwsprep(p->kws);
 		return;
@@ -298,6 +515,87 @@
 	return compile_pattern_or(list);
 }
 
+static void indent(int in)
+{
+	while (in-- > 0)
+		fputc(' ', stderr);
+}
+
+static void dump_grep_pat(struct grep_pat *p)
+{
+	switch (p->token) {
+	case GREP_AND: fprintf(stderr, "*and*"); break;
+	case GREP_OPEN_PAREN: fprintf(stderr, "*(*"); break;
+	case GREP_CLOSE_PAREN: fprintf(stderr, "*)*"); break;
+	case GREP_NOT: fprintf(stderr, "*not*"); break;
+	case GREP_OR: fprintf(stderr, "*or*"); break;
+
+	case GREP_PATTERN: fprintf(stderr, "pattern"); break;
+	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD: fprintf(stderr, "pattern_head"); break;
+	case GREP_PATTERN_BODY: fprintf(stderr, "pattern_body"); break;
+	}
+
+	switch (p->token) {
+	default: break;
+	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
+		fprintf(stderr, "<head %d>", p->field); break;
+	case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
+		fprintf(stderr, "<body>"); break;
+	}
+	switch (p->token) {
+	default: break;
+	case GREP_PATTERN_HEAD:
+	case GREP_PATTERN_BODY:
+	case GREP_PATTERN:
+		fprintf(stderr, "%.*s", (int)p->patternlen, p->pattern);
+		break;
+	}
+	fputc('\n', stderr);
+}
+
+static void dump_grep_expression_1(struct grep_expr *x, int in)
+{
+	indent(in);
+	switch (x->node) {
+	case GREP_NODE_TRUE:
+		fprintf(stderr, "true\n");
+		break;
+	case GREP_NODE_ATOM:
+		dump_grep_pat(x->u.atom);
+		break;
+	case GREP_NODE_NOT:
+		fprintf(stderr, "(not\n");
+		dump_grep_expression_1(x->u.unary, in+1);
+		indent(in);
+		fprintf(stderr, ")\n");
+		break;
+	case GREP_NODE_AND:
+		fprintf(stderr, "(and\n");
+		dump_grep_expression_1(x->u.binary.left, in+1);
+		dump_grep_expression_1(x->u.binary.right, in+1);
+		indent(in);
+		fprintf(stderr, ")\n");
+		break;
+	case GREP_NODE_OR:
+		fprintf(stderr, "(or\n");
+		dump_grep_expression_1(x->u.binary.left, in+1);
+		dump_grep_expression_1(x->u.binary.right, in+1);
+		indent(in);
+		fprintf(stderr, ")\n");
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void dump_grep_expression(struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	struct grep_expr *x = opt->pattern_expression;
+
+	if (opt->all_match)
+		fprintf(stderr, "[all-match]\n");
+	dump_grep_expression_1(x, 0);
+	fflush(NULL);
+}
+
 static struct grep_expr *grep_true_expr(void)
 {
 	struct grep_expr *z = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*z));
@@ -323,7 +621,7 @@
 
 	if (!opt->header_list)
 		return NULL;
-	p = opt->header_list;
+
 	for (p = opt->header_list; p; p = p->next) {
 		if (p->token != GREP_PATTERN_HEAD)
 			die("bug: a non-header pattern in grep header list.");
@@ -361,7 +659,23 @@
 	return header_expr;
 }
 
-void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
+static struct grep_expr *grep_splice_or(struct grep_expr *x, struct grep_expr *y)
+{
+	struct grep_expr *z = x;
+
+	while (x) {
+		assert(x->node == GREP_NODE_OR);
+		if (x->u.binary.right &&
+		    x->u.binary.right->node == GREP_NODE_TRUE) {
+			x->u.binary.right = y;
+			break;
+		}
+		x = x->u.binary.right;
+	}
+	return z;
+}
+
+static void compile_grep_patterns_real(struct grep_opt *opt)
 {
 	struct grep_pat *p;
 	struct grep_expr *header_expr = prep_header_patterns(opt);
@@ -381,7 +695,7 @@
 
 	if (opt->all_match || header_expr)
 		opt->extended = 1;
-	else if (!opt->extended)
+	else if (!opt->extended && !opt->debug)
 		return;
 
 	p = opt->pattern_list;
@@ -395,12 +709,22 @@
 
 	if (!opt->pattern_expression)
 		opt->pattern_expression = header_expr;
+	else if (opt->all_match)
+		opt->pattern_expression = grep_splice_or(header_expr,
+							 opt->pattern_expression);
 	else
 		opt->pattern_expression = grep_or_expr(opt->pattern_expression,
 						       header_expr);
 	opt->all_match = 1;
 }
 
+void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt)
+{
+	compile_grep_patterns_real(opt);
+	if (opt->debug)
+		dump_grep_expression(opt);
+}
+
 static void free_pattern_expr(struct grep_expr *x)
 {
 	switch (x->node) {
@@ -435,6 +759,7 @@
 				free_pcre_regexp(p);
 			else
 				regfree(&p->regexp);
+			free(p->pattern);
 			break;
 		default:
 			break;
@@ -551,6 +876,7 @@
 } header_field[] = {
 	{ "author ", 7 },
 	{ "committer ", 10 },
+	{ "reflog ", 7 },
 };
 
 static int match_one_pattern(struct grep_pat *p, char *bol, char *eol,
@@ -574,7 +900,14 @@
 		if (strncmp(bol, field, len))
 			return 0;
 		bol += len;
-		saved_ch = strip_timestamp(bol, &eol);
+		switch (p->field) {
+		case GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR:
+		case GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER:
+			saved_ch = strip_timestamp(bol, &eol);
+			break;
+		default:
+			break;
+		}
 	}
 
  again:
@@ -806,10 +1139,51 @@
 	opt->output(opt, "\n", 1);
 }
 
-static int match_funcname(struct grep_opt *opt, char *bol, char *eol)
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+int grep_use_locks;
+
+/*
+ * This lock protects access to the gitattributes machinery, which is
+ * not thread-safe.
+ */
+pthread_mutex_t grep_attr_mutex;
+
+static inline void grep_attr_lock(void)
+{
+	if (grep_use_locks)
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_attr_mutex);
+}
+
+static inline void grep_attr_unlock(void)
+{
+	if (grep_use_locks)
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_attr_mutex);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Same as git_attr_mutex, but protecting the thread-unsafe object db access.
+ */
+pthread_mutex_t grep_read_mutex;
+
+#else
+#define grep_attr_lock()
+#define grep_attr_unlock()
+#endif
+
+static int match_funcname(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, char *bol, char *eol)
 {
 	xdemitconf_t *xecfg = opt->priv;
-	if (xecfg && xecfg->find_func) {
+	if (xecfg && !xecfg->find_func) {
+		grep_source_load_driver(gs);
+		if (gs->driver->funcname.pattern) {
+			const struct userdiff_funcname *pe = &gs->driver->funcname;
+			xdiff_set_find_func(xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
+		} else {
+			xecfg = opt->priv = NULL;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (xecfg) {
 		char buf[1];
 		return xecfg->find_func(bol, eol - bol, buf, 1,
 					xecfg->find_func_priv) >= 0;
@@ -822,33 +1196,33 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void show_funcname_line(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
-			       char *buf, char *bol, unsigned lno)
+static void show_funcname_line(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs,
+			       char *bol, unsigned lno)
 {
-	while (bol > buf) {
+	while (bol > gs->buf) {
 		char *eol = --bol;
 
-		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+		while (bol > gs->buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
 			bol--;
 		lno--;
 
 		if (lno <= opt->last_shown)
 			break;
 
-		if (match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '=');
+		if (match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol)) {
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, '=');
 			break;
 		}
 	}
 }
 
-static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf,
+static void show_pre_context(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs,
 			     char *bol, char *end, unsigned lno)
 {
 	unsigned cur = lno, from = 1, funcname_lno = 0;
 	int funcname_needed = !!opt->funcname;
 
-	if (opt->funcbody && !match_funcname(opt, bol, end))
+	if (opt->funcbody && !match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, end))
 		funcname_needed = 2;
 
 	if (opt->pre_context < lno)
@@ -857,14 +1231,14 @@
 		from = opt->last_shown + 1;
 
 	/* Rewind. */
-	while (bol > buf &&
+	while (bol > gs->buf &&
 	       cur > (funcname_needed == 2 ? opt->last_shown + 1 : from)) {
 		char *eol = --bol;
 
-		while (bol > buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
+		while (bol > gs->buf && bol[-1] != '\n')
 			bol--;
 		cur--;
-		if (funcname_needed && match_funcname(opt, bol, eol)) {
+		if (funcname_needed && match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol)) {
 			funcname_lno = cur;
 			funcname_needed = 0;
 		}
@@ -872,7 +1246,7 @@
 
 	/* We need to look even further back to find a function signature. */
 	if (opt->funcname && funcname_needed)
-		show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, cur);
+		show_funcname_line(opt, gs, bol, cur);
 
 	/* Back forward. */
 	while (cur < lno) {
@@ -880,7 +1254,7 @@
 
 		while (*eol != '\n')
 			eol++;
-		show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, cur, sign);
+		show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, cur, sign);
 		bol = eol + 1;
 		cur++;
 	}
@@ -942,29 +1316,15 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int grep_threads_ok(const struct grep_opt *opt)
-{
-	/* If this condition is true, then we may use the attribute
-	 * machinery in grep_buffer_1. The attribute code is not
-	 * thread safe, so we disable the use of threads.
-	 */
-	if (opt->funcname && !opt->unmatch_name_only && !opt->status_only &&
-	    !opt->name_only)
-		return 0;
-
-	return 1;
-}
-
 static void std_output(struct grep_opt *opt, const void *buf, size_t size)
 {
 	fwrite(buf, size, 1, stdout);
 }
 
-static int grep_buffer_1(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name,
-			 char *buf, unsigned long size, int collect_hits)
+static int grep_source_1(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs, int collect_hits)
 {
-	char *bol = buf;
-	unsigned long left = size;
+	char *bol;
+	unsigned long left;
 	unsigned lno = 1;
 	unsigned last_hit = 0;
 	int binary_match_only = 0;
@@ -994,11 +1354,11 @@
 
 	switch (opt->binary) {
 	case GREP_BINARY_DEFAULT:
-		if (buffer_is_binary(buf, size))
+		if (grep_source_is_binary(gs))
 			binary_match_only = 1;
 		break;
 	case GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH:
-		if (buffer_is_binary(buf, size))
+		if (grep_source_is_binary(gs))
 			return 0; /* Assume unmatch */
 		break;
 	case GREP_BINARY_TEXT:
@@ -1008,17 +1368,15 @@
 	}
 
 	memset(&xecfg, 0, sizeof(xecfg));
-	if (opt->funcname && !opt->unmatch_name_only && !opt->status_only &&
-	    !opt->name_only && !binary_match_only && !collect_hits) {
-		struct userdiff_driver *drv = userdiff_find_by_path(name);
-		if (drv && drv->funcname.pattern) {
-			const struct userdiff_funcname *pe = &drv->funcname;
-			xdiff_set_find_func(&xecfg, pe->pattern, pe->cflags);
-			opt->priv = &xecfg;
-		}
-	}
+	opt->priv = &xecfg;
+
 	try_lookahead = should_lookahead(opt);
 
+	if (grep_source_load(gs) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	bol = gs->buf;
+	left = gs->size;
 	while (left) {
 		char *eol, ch;
 		int hit;
@@ -1067,14 +1425,14 @@
 			if (opt->status_only)
 				return 1;
 			if (opt->name_only) {
-				show_name(opt, name);
+				show_name(opt, gs->name);
 				return 1;
 			}
 			if (opt->count)
 				goto next_line;
 			if (binary_match_only) {
 				opt->output(opt, "Binary file ", 12);
-				output_color(opt, name, strlen(name),
+				output_color(opt, gs->name, strlen(gs->name),
 					     opt->color_filename);
 				opt->output(opt, " matches\n", 9);
 				return 1;
@@ -1083,23 +1441,23 @@
 			 * pre-context lines, we would need to show them.
 			 */
 			if (opt->pre_context || opt->funcbody)
-				show_pre_context(opt, name, buf, bol, eol, lno);
+				show_pre_context(opt, gs, bol, eol, lno);
 			else if (opt->funcname)
-				show_funcname_line(opt, name, buf, bol, lno);
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, ':');
+				show_funcname_line(opt, gs, bol, lno);
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, ':');
 			last_hit = lno;
 			if (opt->funcbody)
 				show_function = 1;
 			goto next_line;
 		}
-		if (show_function && match_funcname(opt, bol, eol))
+		if (show_function && match_funcname(opt, gs, bol, eol))
 			show_function = 0;
 		if (show_function ||
 		    (last_hit && lno <= last_hit + opt->post_context)) {
 			/* If the last hit is within the post context,
 			 * we need to show this line.
 			 */
-			show_line(opt, bol, eol, name, lno, '-');
+			show_line(opt, bol, eol, gs->name, lno, '-');
 		}
 
 	next_line:
@@ -1117,7 +1475,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	if (opt->unmatch_name_only) {
 		/* We did not see any hit, so we want to show this */
-		show_name(opt, name);
+		show_name(opt, gs->name);
 		return 1;
 	}
 
@@ -1131,7 +1489,7 @@
 	 */
 	if (opt->count && count) {
 		char buf[32];
-		output_color(opt, name, strlen(name), opt->color_filename);
+		output_color(opt, gs->name, strlen(gs->name), opt->color_filename);
 		output_sep(opt, ':');
 		snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%u\n", count);
 		opt->output(opt, buf, strlen(buf));
@@ -1166,23 +1524,179 @@
 	}
 }
 
-int grep_buffer(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf, unsigned long size)
+int grep_source(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs)
 {
 	/*
 	 * we do not have to do the two-pass grep when we do not check
 	 * buffer-wide "all-match".
 	 */
 	if (!opt->all_match)
-		return grep_buffer_1(opt, name, buf, size, 0);
+		return grep_source_1(opt, gs, 0);
 
 	/* Otherwise the toplevel "or" terms hit a bit differently.
 	 * We first clear hit markers from them.
 	 */
 	clr_hit_marker(opt->pattern_expression);
-	grep_buffer_1(opt, name, buf, size, 1);
+	grep_source_1(opt, gs, 1);
 
 	if (!chk_hit_marker(opt->pattern_expression))
 		return 0;
 
-	return grep_buffer_1(opt, name, buf, size, 0);
+	return grep_source_1(opt, gs, 0);
+}
+
+int grep_buffer(struct grep_opt *opt, char *buf, unsigned long size)
+{
+	struct grep_source gs;
+	int r;
+
+	grep_source_init(&gs, GREP_SOURCE_BUF, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	gs.buf = buf;
+	gs.size = size;
+
+	r = grep_source(opt, &gs);
+
+	grep_source_clear(&gs);
+	return r;
+}
+
+void grep_source_init(struct grep_source *gs, enum grep_source_type type,
+		      const char *name, const char *path,
+		      const void *identifier)
+{
+	gs->type = type;
+	gs->name = name ? xstrdup(name) : NULL;
+	gs->path = path ? xstrdup(path) : NULL;
+	gs->buf = NULL;
+	gs->size = 0;
+	gs->driver = NULL;
+
+	switch (type) {
+	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
+		gs->identifier = xstrdup(identifier);
+		break;
+	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
+		gs->identifier = xmalloc(20);
+		memcpy(gs->identifier, identifier, 20);
+		break;
+	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
+		gs->identifier = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+void grep_source_clear(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	free(gs->name);
+	gs->name = NULL;
+	free(gs->path);
+	gs->path = NULL;
+	free(gs->identifier);
+	gs->identifier = NULL;
+	grep_source_clear_data(gs);
+}
+
+void grep_source_clear_data(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	switch (gs->type) {
+	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
+	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
+		free(gs->buf);
+		gs->buf = NULL;
+		gs->size = 0;
+		break;
+	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
+		/* leave user-provided buf intact */
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static int grep_source_load_sha1(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	grep_read_lock();
+	gs->buf = read_sha1_file(gs->identifier, &type, &gs->size);
+	grep_read_unlock();
+
+	if (!gs->buf)
+		return error(_("'%s': unable to read %s"),
+			     gs->name,
+			     sha1_to_hex(gs->identifier));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int grep_source_load_file(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	const char *filename = gs->identifier;
+	struct stat st;
+	char *data;
+	size_t size;
+	int i;
+
+	if (lstat(filename, &st) < 0) {
+	err_ret:
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			error(_("'%s': %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (!S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+		return -1;
+	size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+	i = open(filename, O_RDONLY);
+	if (i < 0)
+		goto err_ret;
+	data = xmalloc(size + 1);
+	if (st.st_size != read_in_full(i, data, size)) {
+		error(_("'%s': short read %s"), filename, strerror(errno));
+		close(i);
+		free(data);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	close(i);
+	data[size] = 0;
+
+	gs->buf = data;
+	gs->size = size;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int grep_source_load(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	if (gs->buf)
+		return 0;
+
+	switch (gs->type) {
+	case GREP_SOURCE_FILE:
+		return grep_source_load_file(gs);
+	case GREP_SOURCE_SHA1:
+		return grep_source_load_sha1(gs);
+	case GREP_SOURCE_BUF:
+		return gs->buf ? 0 : -1;
+	}
+	die("BUG: invalid grep_source type");
+}
+
+void grep_source_load_driver(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	if (gs->driver)
+		return;
+
+	grep_attr_lock();
+	if (gs->path)
+		gs->driver = userdiff_find_by_path(gs->path);
+	if (!gs->driver)
+		gs->driver = userdiff_find_by_name("default");
+	grep_attr_unlock();
+}
+
+static int grep_source_is_binary(struct grep_source *gs)
+{
+	grep_source_load_driver(gs);
+	if (gs->driver->binary != -1)
+		return gs->driver->binary;
+
+	if (!grep_source_load(gs))
+		return buffer_is_binary(gs->buf, gs->size);
+
+	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/grep.h b/grep.h
index a652800..8fc854f 100644
--- a/grep.h
+++ b/grep.h
@@ -8,6 +8,8 @@
 typedef int pcre_extra;
 #endif
 #include "kwset.h"
+#include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "userdiff.h"
 
 enum grep_pat_token {
 	GREP_PATTERN,
@@ -27,16 +29,19 @@
 
 enum grep_header_field {
 	GREP_HEADER_AUTHOR = 0,
-	GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER
+	GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER,
+	GREP_HEADER_REFLOG,
+
+	/* Must be at the end of the enum */
+	GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX
 };
-#define GREP_HEADER_FIELD_MAX (GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER + 1)
 
 struct grep_pat {
 	struct grep_pat *next;
 	const char *origin;
 	int no;
 	enum grep_pat_token token;
-	const char *pattern;
+	char *pattern;
 	size_t patternlen;
 	enum grep_header_field field;
 	regex_t regexp;
@@ -56,6 +61,14 @@
 	GREP_NODE_OR
 };
 
+enum grep_pattern_type {
+	GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED = 0,
+	GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE,
+	GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE,
+	GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED,
+	GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE
+};
+
 struct grep_expr {
 	enum grep_expr_node node;
 	unsigned hit;
@@ -88,11 +101,13 @@
 	int word_regexp;
 	int fixed;
 	int all_match;
+	int debug;
 #define GREP_BINARY_DEFAULT	0
 #define GREP_BINARY_NOMATCH	1
 #define GREP_BINARY_TEXT	2
 	int binary;
 	int extended;
+	int use_reflog_filter;
 	int pcre;
 	int relative;
 	int pathname;
@@ -101,6 +116,8 @@
 	int max_depth;
 	int funcname;
 	int funcbody;
+	int extended_regexp_option;
+	int pattern_type_option;
 	char color_context[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char color_filename[COLOR_MAXLEN];
 	char color_function[COLOR_MAXLEN];
@@ -121,14 +138,73 @@
 	void *output_priv;
 };
 
+extern void init_grep_defaults(void);
+extern int grep_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *);
+extern void grep_init(struct grep_opt *, const char *prefix);
+void grep_set_pattern_type_option(enum grep_pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt);
+void grep_commit_pattern_type(enum grep_pattern_type, struct grep_opt *opt);
+
 extern void append_grep_pat(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, size_t patlen, const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t);
 extern void append_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *pat, const char *origin, int no, enum grep_pat_token t);
 extern void append_header_grep_pattern(struct grep_opt *, enum grep_header_field, const char *);
 extern void compile_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt);
 extern void free_grep_patterns(struct grep_opt *opt);
-extern int grep_buffer(struct grep_opt *opt, const char *name, char *buf, unsigned long size);
+extern int grep_buffer(struct grep_opt *opt, char *buf, unsigned long size);
+
+struct grep_source {
+	char *name;
+
+	enum grep_source_type {
+		GREP_SOURCE_SHA1,
+		GREP_SOURCE_FILE,
+		GREP_SOURCE_BUF,
+	} type;
+	void *identifier;
+
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+
+	char *path; /* for attribute lookups */
+	struct userdiff_driver *driver;
+};
+
+void grep_source_init(struct grep_source *gs, enum grep_source_type type,
+		      const char *name, const char *path,
+		      const void *identifier);
+void grep_source_clear_data(struct grep_source *gs);
+void grep_source_clear(struct grep_source *gs);
+void grep_source_load_driver(struct grep_source *gs);
+
+
+int grep_source(struct grep_opt *opt, struct grep_source *gs);
 
 extern struct grep_opt *grep_opt_dup(const struct grep_opt *opt);
 extern int grep_threads_ok(const struct grep_opt *opt);
 
+#ifndef NO_PTHREADS
+/*
+ * Mutex used around access to the attributes machinery if
+ * opt->use_threads.  Must be initialized/destroyed by callers!
+ */
+extern int grep_use_locks;
+extern pthread_mutex_t grep_attr_mutex;
+extern pthread_mutex_t grep_read_mutex;
+
+static inline void grep_read_lock(void)
+{
+	if (grep_use_locks)
+		pthread_mutex_lock(&grep_read_mutex);
+}
+
+static inline void grep_read_unlock(void)
+{
+	if (grep_use_locks)
+		pthread_mutex_unlock(&grep_read_mutex);
+}
+
+#else
+#define grep_read_lock()
+#define grep_read_unlock()
+#endif
+
 #endif
diff --git a/help.c b/help.c
index cbbe966..1dfa0b0 100644
--- a/help.c
+++ b/help.c
@@ -4,28 +4,9 @@
 #include "levenshtein.h"
 #include "help.h"
 #include "common-cmds.h"
-
-/* most GUI terminals set COLUMNS (although some don't export it) */
-static int term_columns(void)
-{
-	char *col_string = getenv("COLUMNS");
-	int n_cols;
-
-	if (col_string && (n_cols = atoi(col_string)) > 0)
-		return n_cols;
-
-#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
-	{
-		struct winsize ws;
-		if (!ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws)) {
-			if (ws.ws_col)
-				return ws.ws_col;
-		}
-	}
-#endif
-
-	return 80;
-}
+#include "string-list.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "version.h"
 
 void add_cmdname(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name, int len)
 {
@@ -63,9 +44,12 @@
 	if (!cmds->cnt)
 		return;
 
-	for (i = j = 1; i < cmds->cnt; i++)
-		if (strcmp(cmds->names[i]->name, cmds->names[i-1]->name))
+	for (i = j = 1; i < cmds->cnt; i++) {
+		if (!strcmp(cmds->names[i]->name, cmds->names[j-1]->name))
+			free(cmds->names[i]);
+		else
 			cmds->names[j++] = cmds->names[i];
+	}
 
 	cmds->cnt = j;
 }
@@ -80,9 +64,10 @@
 		cmp = strcmp(cmds->names[ci]->name, excludes->names[ei]->name);
 		if (cmp < 0)
 			cmds->names[cj++] = cmds->names[ci++];
-		else if (cmp == 0)
-			ci++, ei++;
-		else if (cmp > 0)
+		else if (cmp == 0) {
+			ei++;
+			free(cmds->names[ci++]);
+		} else if (cmp > 0)
 			ei++;
 	}
 
@@ -92,31 +77,25 @@
 	cmds->cnt = cj;
 }
 
-static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdnames *cmds, int longest)
+static void pretty_print_string_list(struct cmdnames *cmds,
+				     unsigned int colopts)
 {
-	int cols = 1, rows;
-	int space = longest + 1; /* min 1 SP between words */
-	int max_cols = term_columns() - 1; /* don't print *on* the edge */
-	int i, j;
+	struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	struct column_options copts;
+	int i;
 
-	if (space < max_cols)
-		cols = max_cols / space;
-	rows = DIV_ROUND_UP(cmds->cnt, cols);
-
-	for (i = 0; i < rows; i++) {
-		printf("  ");
-
-		for (j = 0; j < cols; j++) {
-			int n = j * rows + i;
-			int size = space;
-			if (n >= cmds->cnt)
-				break;
-			if (j == cols-1 || n + rows >= cmds->cnt)
-				size = 1;
-			printf("%-*s", size, cmds->names[n]->name);
-		}
-		putchar('\n');
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < cmds->cnt; i++)
+		string_list_append(&list, cmds->names[i]->name);
+	/*
+	 * always enable column display, we only consult column.*
+	 * about layout strategy and stuff
+	 */
+	colopts = (colopts & ~COL_ENABLE_MASK) | COL_ENABLED;
+	memset(&copts, 0, sizeof(copts));
+	copts.indent = "  ";
+	copts.padding = 2;
+	print_columns(&list, colopts, &copts);
+	string_list_clear(&list, 0);
 }
 
 static int is_executable(const char *name)
@@ -225,38 +204,42 @@
 	exclude_cmds(other_cmds, main_cmds);
 }
 
-void list_commands(const char *title, struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
-		   struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
+void list_commands(unsigned int colopts,
+		   struct cmdnames *main_cmds, struct cmdnames *other_cmds)
 {
-	int i, longest = 0;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < main_cmds->cnt; i++)
-		if (longest < main_cmds->names[i]->len)
-			longest = main_cmds->names[i]->len;
-	for (i = 0; i < other_cmds->cnt; i++)
-		if (longest < other_cmds->names[i]->len)
-			longest = other_cmds->names[i]->len;
-
 	if (main_cmds->cnt) {
 		const char *exec_path = git_exec_path();
-		printf("available %s in '%s'\n", title, exec_path);
-		printf("----------------");
-		mput_char('-', strlen(title) + strlen(exec_path));
+		printf_ln(_("available git commands in '%s'"), exec_path);
 		putchar('\n');
-		pretty_print_string_list(main_cmds, longest);
+		pretty_print_string_list(main_cmds, colopts);
 		putchar('\n');
 	}
 
 	if (other_cmds->cnt) {
-		printf("%s available from elsewhere on your $PATH\n", title);
-		printf("---------------------------------------");
-		mput_char('-', strlen(title));
+		printf_ln(_("git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"));
 		putchar('\n');
-		pretty_print_string_list(other_cmds, longest);
+		pretty_print_string_list(other_cmds, colopts);
 		putchar('\n');
 	}
 }
 
+void list_common_cmds_help(void)
+{
+	int i, longest = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
+		if (longest < strlen(common_cmds[i].name))
+			longest = strlen(common_cmds[i].name);
+	}
+
+	puts(_("The most commonly used git commands are:"));
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(common_cmds); i++) {
+		printf("   %s   ", common_cmds[i].name);
+		mput_char(' ', longest - strlen(common_cmds[i].name));
+		puts(_(common_cmds[i].help));
+	}
+}
+
 int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *c, const char *s)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -356,14 +339,14 @@
 		}
 
 		main_cmds.names[i]->len =
-			levenshtein(cmd, candidate, 0, 2, 1, 4) + 1;
+			levenshtein(cmd, candidate, 0, 2, 1, 3) + 1;
 	}
 
 	qsort(main_cmds.names, main_cmds.cnt,
 	      sizeof(*main_cmds.names), levenshtein_compare);
 
 	if (!main_cmds.cnt)
-		die ("Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all.");
+		die(_("Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."));
 
 	/* skip and count prefix matches */
 	for (n = 0; n < main_cmds.cnt && !main_cmds.names[n]->len; n++)
@@ -384,23 +367,26 @@
 		const char *assumed = main_cmds.names[0]->name;
 		main_cmds.names[0] = NULL;
 		clean_cmdnames(&main_cmds);
-		fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', "
-			"which does not exist.\n"
-			"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'\n",
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   _("WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', "
+			     "which does not exist.\n"
+			     "Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"),
 			cmd, assumed);
 		if (autocorrect > 0) {
-			fprintf(stderr, "in %0.1f seconds automatically...\n",
+			fprintf_ln(stderr, _("in %0.1f seconds automatically..."),
 				(float)autocorrect/10.0);
 			poll(NULL, 0, autocorrect * 100);
 		}
 		return assumed;
 	}
 
-	fprintf(stderr, "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'.\n", cmd);
+	fprintf_ln(stderr, _("git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."), cmd);
 
 	if (SIMILAR_ENOUGH(best_similarity)) {
-		fprintf(stderr, "\nDid you mean %s?\n",
-			n < 2 ? "this": "one of these");
+		fprintf_ln(stderr,
+			   Q_("\nDid you mean this?",
+			      "\nDid you mean one of these?",
+			   n));
 
 		for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 			fprintf(stderr, "\t%s\n", main_cmds.names[i]->name);
diff --git a/help.h b/help.h
index b6b12d5..0ae5a12 100644
--- a/help.h
+++ b/help.h
@@ -25,8 +25,6 @@
 /* Here we require that excludes is a sorted list. */
 extern void exclude_cmds(struct cmdnames *cmds, struct cmdnames *excludes);
 extern int is_in_cmdlist(struct cmdnames *cmds, const char *name);
-extern void list_commands(const char *title,
-			  struct cmdnames *main_cmds,
-			  struct cmdnames *other_cmds);
+extern void list_commands(unsigned int colopts, struct cmdnames *main_cmds, struct cmdnames *other_cmds);
 
 #endif /* HELP_H */
diff --git a/http-backend.c b/http-backend.c
index 59ad7da..f50e77f 100644
--- a/http-backend.c
+++ b/http-backend.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "url.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 static const char content_type[] = "Content-Type";
 static const char content_length[] = "Content-Length";
@@ -317,8 +318,7 @@
 	const char *encoding = getenv("HTTP_CONTENT_ENCODING");
 	const char *user = getenv("REMOTE_USER");
 	const char *host = getenv("REMOTE_ADDR");
-	char *env[3];
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct argv_array env = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	int gzipped_request = 0;
 	struct child_process cld;
 
@@ -332,17 +332,15 @@
 	if (!host || !*host)
 		host = "(none)";
 
-	memset(&env, 0, sizeof(env));
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=%s", user);
-	env[0] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=%s@http.%s", user, host);
-	env[1] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-	env[2] = NULL;
+	if (!getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"))
+		argv_array_pushf(&env, "GIT_COMMITTER_NAME=%s", user);
+	if (!getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"))
+		argv_array_pushf(&env, "GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=%s@http.%s",
+				 user, host);
 
 	memset(&cld, 0, sizeof(cld));
 	cld.argv = argv;
-	cld.env = (const char *const *)env;
+	cld.env = env.argv;
 	if (gzipped_request)
 		cld.in = -1;
 	cld.git_cmd = 1;
@@ -357,9 +355,7 @@
 
 	if (finish_command(&cld))
 		exit(1);
-	free(env[0]);
-	free(env[1]);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	argv_array_clear(&env);
 }
 
 static int show_text_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
@@ -545,6 +541,8 @@
 	char *cmd_arg = NULL;
 	int i;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	set_die_routine(die_webcgi);
 
diff --git a/http-fetch.c b/http-fetch.c
index 69299b7..ba3ea10 100644
--- a/http-fetch.c
+++ b/http-fetch.c
@@ -22,6 +22,8 @@
 	int get_verbosely = 0;
 	int get_recover = 0;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	while (arg < argc && argv[arg][0] == '-') {
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@
 
 	git_config(git_default_config, NULL);
 
-	http_init(NULL, url);
+	http_init(NULL, url, 0);
 	walker = get_http_walker(url);
 	walker->get_tree = get_tree;
 	walker->get_history = get_history;
diff --git a/http-push.c b/http-push.c
index 5d01be9..9923441 100644
--- a/http-push.c
+++ b/http-push.c
@@ -172,28 +172,7 @@
 static char *xml_entities(const char *s)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	while (*s) {
-		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
-		strbuf_add(&buf, s, len);
-		s += len;
-		switch (*s) {
-		case '"':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&quot;");
-			break;
-		case '<':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&lt;");
-			break;
-		case '>':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&gt;");
-			break;
-		case '&':
-			strbuf_addstr(&buf, "&amp;");
-			break;
-		case 0:
-			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-		}
-		s++;
-	}
+	strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(&buf, s);
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
@@ -904,7 +883,7 @@
 		ep = strchr(ep + 1, '/');
 	}
 
-	escaped = xml_entities(git_default_email);
+	escaped = xml_entities(ident_default_email());
 	strbuf_addf(&out_buffer.buf, LOCK_REQUEST, escaped);
 	free(escaped);
 
@@ -1108,7 +1087,7 @@
 				if (repo->path)
 					url = repo->path;
 				if (strncmp(path, url, repo->path_len))
-					error("Parsed path '%s' does not match url: '%s'\n",
+					error("Parsed path '%s' does not match url: '%s'",
 					      path, url);
 				else {
 					path += repo->path_len;
@@ -1610,9 +1589,8 @@
 {
 	struct commit *head = lookup_commit_or_die(head_sha1, "HEAD");
 	struct commit *branch = lookup_commit_or_die(remote->old_sha1, remote->name);
-	struct commit_list *merge_bases = get_merge_bases(head, branch, 1);
 
-	return (merge_bases && !merge_bases->next && merge_bases->item == branch);
+	return in_merge_bases(branch, head);
 }
 
 static int delete_remote_branch(const char *pattern, int force)
@@ -1702,7 +1680,7 @@
 		run_active_slot(slot);
 		free(url);
 		if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK)
-			return error("DELETE request failed (%d/%ld)\n",
+			return error("DELETE request failed (%d/%ld)",
 				     results.curl_result, results.http_code);
 	} else {
 		free(url);
@@ -1748,6 +1726,8 @@
 	int new_refs;
 	struct ref *ref, *local_refs;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	repo = xcalloc(sizeof(*repo), 1);
@@ -1820,7 +1800,7 @@
 
 	memset(remote_dir_exists, -1, 256);
 
-	http_init(NULL, repo->url);
+	http_init(NULL, repo->url, 1);
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 	is_running_queue = 0;
@@ -1869,8 +1849,8 @@
 	}
 
 	/* match them up */
-	if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
-		       nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec, push_all)) {
+	if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
+			    nr_refspec, (const char **) refspec, push_all)) {
 		rc = -1;
 		goto cleanup;
 	}
diff --git a/http-walker.c b/http-walker.c
index 51a906e..1516c5e 100644
--- a/http-walker.c
+++ b/http-walker.c
@@ -396,7 +396,7 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static int fetch_pack(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int http_fetch_pack(struct walker *walker, struct alt_base *repo, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct packed_git *target;
 	int ret;
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
 	if (!fetch_object(walker, altbase, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	while (altbase) {
-		if (!fetch_pack(walker, altbase, sha1))
+		if (!http_fetch_pack(walker, altbase, sha1))
 			return 0;
 		fetch_alternates(walker, data->alt->base);
 		altbase = altbase->next;
diff --git a/http.c b/http.c
index a4bc770..44f3525 100644
--- a/http.c
+++ b/http.c
@@ -3,8 +3,9 @@
 #include "sideband.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "url.h"
+#include "credential.h"
+#include "version.h"
 
-int data_received;
 int active_requests;
 int http_is_verbose;
 size_t http_post_buffer = 16 * LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
@@ -42,7 +43,8 @@
 static int curl_ftp_no_epsv;
 static const char *curl_http_proxy;
 static const char *curl_cookie_file;
-static char *user_name, *user_pass, *description;
+static struct credential http_auth = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
+static int http_proactive_auth;
 static const char *user_agent;
 
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071700
@@ -53,7 +55,7 @@
 #define CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD CURLOPT_SSLCERTPASSWD
 #endif
 
-static char *ssl_cert_password;
+static struct credential cert_auth = CREDENTIAL_INIT;
 static int ssl_cert_password_required;
 
 static struct curl_slist *pragma_header;
@@ -99,13 +101,11 @@
 	struct strbuf *buffer = buffer_;
 
 	strbuf_add(buffer, ptr, size);
-	data_received++;
 	return size;
 }
 
 size_t fwrite_null(char *ptr, size_t eltsize, size_t nmemb, void *strbuf)
 {
-	data_received++;
 	return eltsize * nmemb;
 }
 
@@ -139,27 +139,6 @@
 }
 #endif
 
-static char *git_getpass_with_description(const char *what, const char *desc)
-{
-	struct strbuf prompt = STRBUF_INIT;
-	char *r;
-
-	if (desc)
-		strbuf_addf(&prompt, "%s for '%s': ", what, desc);
-	else
-		strbuf_addf(&prompt, "%s: ", what);
-	/*
-	 * NEEDSWORK: for usernames, we should do something less magical that
-	 * actually echoes the characters. However, we need to read from
-	 * /dev/tty and not stdio, which is not portable (but getpass will do
-	 * it for us). http.c uses the same workaround.
-	 */
-	r = git_getpass(prompt.buf);
-
-	strbuf_release(&prompt);
-	return xstrdup(r);
-}
-
 static int http_options(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	if (!strcmp("http.sslverify", var)) {
@@ -232,30 +211,36 @@
 
 static void init_curl_http_auth(CURL *result)
 {
-	if (user_name) {
-		struct strbuf up = STRBUF_INIT;
-		if (!user_pass)
-			user_pass = xstrdup(git_getpass_with_description("Password", description));
-		strbuf_addf(&up, "%s:%s", user_name, user_pass);
-		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERPWD,
-				 strbuf_detach(&up, NULL));
+	if (!http_auth.username)
+		return;
+
+	credential_fill(&http_auth);
+
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x071301
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERNAME, http_auth.username);
+	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PASSWORD, http_auth.password);
+#else
+	{
+		static struct strbuf up = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_reset(&up);
+		strbuf_addf(&up, "%s:%s",
+			    http_auth.username, http_auth.password);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERPWD, up.buf);
 	}
+#endif
 }
 
 static int has_cert_password(void)
 {
-	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL)
-		return 1;
 	if (ssl_cert == NULL || ssl_cert_password_required != 1)
 		return 0;
-	/* Only prompt the user once. */
-	ssl_cert_password_required = -1;
-	ssl_cert_password = git_getpass_with_description("Certificate Password", description);
-	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
-		ssl_cert_password = xstrdup(ssl_cert_password);
-		return 1;
-	} else
-		return 0;
+	if (!cert_auth.password) {
+		cert_auth.protocol = xstrdup("cert");
+		cert_auth.username = xstrdup("");
+		cert_auth.path = xstrdup(ssl_cert);
+		credential_fill(&cert_auth);
+	}
+	return 1;
 }
 
 static CURL *get_curl_handle(void)
@@ -279,12 +264,13 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_HTTPAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
 #endif
 
-	init_curl_http_auth(result);
+	if (http_proactive_auth)
+		init_curl_http_auth(result);
 
 	if (ssl_cert != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLCERT, ssl_cert);
 	if (has_cert_password())
-		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD, ssl_cert_password);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_KEYPASSWD, cert_auth.password);
 #if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070903
 	if (ssl_key != NULL)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_SSLKEY, ssl_key);
@@ -315,53 +301,19 @@
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_VERBOSE, 1);
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_USERAGENT,
-		user_agent ? user_agent : GIT_HTTP_USER_AGENT);
+		user_agent ? user_agent : git_user_agent());
 
 	if (curl_ftp_no_epsv)
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_FTP_USE_EPSV, 0);
 
-	if (curl_http_proxy)
+	if (curl_http_proxy) {
 		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXY, curl_http_proxy);
+		curl_easy_setopt(result, CURLOPT_PROXYAUTH, CURLAUTH_ANY);
+	}
 
 	return result;
 }
 
-static void http_auth_init(const char *url)
-{
-	const char *at, *colon, *cp, *slash, *host;
-
-	cp = strstr(url, "://");
-	if (!cp)
-		return;
-
-	/*
-	 * Ok, the URL looks like "proto://something".  Which one?
-	 * "proto://<user>:<pass>@<host>/...",
-	 * "proto://<user>@<host>/...", or just
-	 * "proto://<host>/..."?
-	 */
-	cp += 3;
-	at = strchr(cp, '@');
-	colon = strchr(cp, ':');
-	slash = strchrnul(cp, '/');
-	if (!at || slash <= at) {
-		/* No credentials, but we may have to ask for some later */
-		host = cp;
-	}
-	else if (!colon || at <= colon) {
-		/* Only username */
-		user_name = url_decode_mem(cp, at - cp);
-		user_pass = NULL;
-		host = at + 1;
-	} else {
-		user_name = url_decode_mem(cp, colon - cp);
-		user_pass = url_decode_mem(colon + 1, at - (colon + 1));
-		host = at + 1;
-	}
-
-	description = url_decode_mem(host, slash - host);
-}
-
 static void set_from_env(const char **var, const char *envname)
 {
 	const char *val = getenv(envname);
@@ -369,7 +321,7 @@
 		*var = val;
 }
 
-void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url)
+void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url, int proactive_auth)
 {
 	char *low_speed_limit;
 	char *low_speed_time;
@@ -380,6 +332,8 @@
 
 	curl_global_init(CURL_GLOBAL_ALL);
 
+	http_proactive_auth = proactive_auth;
+
 	if (remote && remote->http_proxy)
 		curl_http_proxy = xstrdup(remote->http_proxy);
 
@@ -434,7 +388,7 @@
 		curl_ftp_no_epsv = 1;
 
 	if (url) {
-		http_auth_init(url);
+		credential_from_url(&http_auth, url);
 		if (!ssl_cert_password_required &&
 		    getenv("GIT_SSL_CERT_PASSWORD_PROTECTED") &&
 		    !prefixcmp(url, "https://"))
@@ -483,10 +437,10 @@
 		curl_http_proxy = NULL;
 	}
 
-	if (ssl_cert_password != NULL) {
-		memset(ssl_cert_password, 0, strlen(ssl_cert_password));
-		free(ssl_cert_password);
-		ssl_cert_password = NULL;
+	if (cert_auth.password != NULL) {
+		memset(cert_auth.password, 0, strlen(cert_auth.password));
+		free(cert_auth.password);
+		cert_auth.password = NULL;
 	}
 	ssl_cert_password_required = 0;
 }
@@ -538,7 +492,6 @@
 
 	active_requests++;
 	slot->in_use = 1;
-	slot->local = NULL;
 	slot->results = NULL;
 	slot->finished = NULL;
 	slot->callback_data = NULL;
@@ -552,6 +505,8 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_UPLOAD, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPGET, 1);
+	if (http_auth.password)
+		init_curl_http_auth(slot->curl);
 
 	return slot;
 }
@@ -642,8 +597,6 @@
 void run_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
-	long last_pos = 0;
-	long current_pos;
 	fd_set readfds;
 	fd_set writefds;
 	fd_set excfds;
@@ -653,25 +606,45 @@
 
 	slot->finished = &finished;
 	while (!finished) {
-		data_received = 0;
 		step_active_slots();
 
-		if (!data_received && slot->local != NULL) {
-			current_pos = ftell(slot->local);
-			if (current_pos > last_pos)
-				data_received++;
-			last_pos = current_pos;
-		}
+		if (slot->in_use) {
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070f04
+			long curl_timeout;
+			curl_multi_timeout(curlm, &curl_timeout);
+			if (curl_timeout == 0) {
+				continue;
+			} else if (curl_timeout == -1) {
+				select_timeout.tv_sec  = 0;
+				select_timeout.tv_usec = 50000;
+			} else {
+				select_timeout.tv_sec  =  curl_timeout / 1000;
+				select_timeout.tv_usec = (curl_timeout % 1000) * 1000;
+			}
+#else
+			select_timeout.tv_sec  = 0;
+			select_timeout.tv_usec = 50000;
+#endif
 
-		if (slot->in_use && !data_received) {
-			max_fd = 0;
+			max_fd = -1;
 			FD_ZERO(&readfds);
 			FD_ZERO(&writefds);
 			FD_ZERO(&excfds);
-			select_timeout.tv_sec = 0;
-			select_timeout.tv_usec = 50000;
-			select(max_fd, &readfds, &writefds,
-			       &excfds, &select_timeout);
+			curl_multi_fdset(curlm, &readfds, &writefds, &excfds, &max_fd);
+
+			/*
+			 * It can happen that curl_multi_timeout returns a pathologically
+			 * long timeout when curl_multi_fdset returns no file descriptors
+			 * to read.  See commit message for more details.
+			 */
+			if (max_fd < 0 &&
+			    (select_timeout.tv_sec > 0 ||
+			     select_timeout.tv_usec > 50000)) {
+				select_timeout.tv_sec  = 0;
+				select_timeout.tv_usec = 50000;
+			}
+
+			select(max_fd+1, &readfds, &writefds, &excfds, &select_timeout);
 		}
 	}
 #else
@@ -749,14 +722,6 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static inline int hex(int v)
-{
-	if (v < 10)
-		return '0' + v;
-	else
-		return 'A' + v - 10;
-}
-
 static char *quote_ref_url(const char *base, const char *ref)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -793,6 +758,32 @@
 	return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 }
 
+int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results)
+{
+	if (results->curl_result == CURLE_OK) {
+		credential_approve(&http_auth);
+		return HTTP_OK;
+	} else if (missing_target(results))
+		return HTTP_MISSING_TARGET;
+	else if (results->http_code == 401) {
+		if (http_auth.username && http_auth.password) {
+			credential_reject(&http_auth);
+			return HTTP_NOAUTH;
+		} else {
+			credential_fill(&http_auth);
+			return HTTP_REAUTH;
+		}
+	} else {
+#if LIBCURL_VERSION_NUM >= 0x070c00
+		if (!curl_errorstr[0])
+			strlcpy(curl_errorstr,
+				curl_easy_strerror(results->curl_result),
+				sizeof(curl_errorstr));
+#endif
+		return HTTP_ERROR;
+	}
+}
+
 /* http_request() targets */
 #define HTTP_REQUEST_STRBUF	0
 #define HTTP_REQUEST_FILE	1
@@ -824,7 +815,6 @@
 				headers = curl_slist_append(headers, buf.buf);
 				strbuf_reset(&buf);
 			}
-			slot->local = result;
 		} else
 			curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION,
 					 fwrite_buffer);
@@ -838,40 +828,16 @@
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, url);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "gzip");
 
 	if (start_active_slot(slot)) {
 		run_active_slot(slot);
-		if (results.curl_result == CURLE_OK)
-			ret = HTTP_OK;
-		else if (missing_target(&results))
-			ret = HTTP_MISSING_TARGET;
-		else if (results.http_code == 401) {
-			if (user_name) {
-				ret = HTTP_NOAUTH;
-			} else {
-				/*
-				 * git_getpass is needed here because its very likely stdin/stdout are
-				 * pipes to our parent process.  So we instead need to use /dev/tty,
-				 * but that is non-portable.  Using git_getpass() can at least be stubbed
-				 * on other platforms with a different implementation if/when necessary.
-				 */
-				user_name = xstrdup(git_getpass_with_description("Username", description));
-				init_curl_http_auth(slot->curl);
-				ret = HTTP_REAUTH;
-			}
-		} else {
-			if (!curl_errorstr[0])
-				strlcpy(curl_errorstr,
-					curl_easy_strerror(results.curl_result),
-					sizeof(curl_errorstr));
-			ret = HTTP_ERROR;
-		}
+		ret = handle_curl_result(&results);
 	} else {
 		error("Unable to start HTTP request for %s", url);
 		ret = HTTP_START_FAILED;
 	}
 
-	slot->local = NULL;
 	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
@@ -893,7 +859,7 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Downloads an url and stores the result in the given file.
+ * Downloads a URL and stores the result in the given file.
  *
  * If a previous interrupted download is detected (i.e. a previous temporary
  * file is still around) the download is resumed.
@@ -970,7 +936,7 @@
 	tmp = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
 	if (http_get_file(url, tmp, 0) != HTTP_OK) {
-		error("Unable to get pack index %s\n", url);
+		error("Unable to get pack index %s", url);
 		free(tmp);
 		tmp = NULL;
 	}
@@ -1066,7 +1032,6 @@
 	if (preq->packfile != NULL) {
 		fclose(preq->packfile);
 		preq->packfile = NULL;
-		preq->slot->local = NULL;
 	}
 	if (preq->range_header != NULL) {
 		curl_slist_free_all(preq->range_header);
@@ -1088,7 +1053,6 @@
 
 	fclose(preq->packfile);
 	preq->packfile = NULL;
-	preq->slot->local = NULL;
 
 	lst = preq->lst;
 	while (*lst != p)
@@ -1157,7 +1121,6 @@
 	}
 
 	preq->slot = get_active_slot();
-	preq->slot->local = preq->packfile;
 	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, preq->packfile);
 	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_WRITEFUNCTION, fwrite);
 	curl_easy_setopt(preq->slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, preq->url);
@@ -1214,7 +1177,6 @@
 		git_SHA1_Update(&freq->c, expn,
 				sizeof(expn) - freq->stream.avail_out);
 	} while (freq->stream.avail_in && freq->zret == Z_OK);
-	data_received++;
 	return size;
 }
 
diff --git a/http.h b/http.h
index 3c332a9..0a80d30 100644
--- a/http.h
+++ b/http.h
@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@
 
 struct active_request_slot {
 	CURL *curl;
-	FILE *local;
 	int in_use;
 	CURLcode curl_result;
 	long http_code;
@@ -79,6 +78,7 @@
 extern void run_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 extern void finish_active_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot);
 extern void finish_all_active_slots(void);
+extern int handle_curl_result(struct slot_results *results);
 
 #ifdef USE_CURL_MULTI
 extern void fill_active_slots(void);
@@ -86,10 +86,10 @@
 extern void step_active_slots(void);
 #endif
 
-extern void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url);
+extern void http_init(struct remote *remote, const char *url,
+		      int proactive_auth);
 extern void http_cleanup(void);
 
-extern int data_received;
 extern int active_requests;
 extern int http_is_verbose;
 extern size_t http_post_buffer;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@
 #define HTTP_NOAUTH	5
 
 /*
- * Requests an url and stores the result in a strbuf.
+ * Requests a URL and stores the result in a strbuf.
  *
  * If the result pointer is NULL, a HTTP HEAD request is made instead of GET.
  */
diff --git a/ident.c b/ident.c
index f619619..1c123e6 100644
--- a/ident.c
+++ b/ident.c
@@ -7,52 +7,46 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 
+static struct strbuf git_default_name = STRBUF_INIT;
+static struct strbuf git_default_email = STRBUF_INIT;
 static char git_default_date[50];
 
+#define IDENT_NAME_GIVEN 01
+#define IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN 02
+#define IDENT_ALL_GIVEN (IDENT_NAME_GIVEN|IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN)
+static int committer_ident_explicitly_given;
+static int author_ident_explicitly_given;
+
 #ifdef NO_GECOS_IN_PWENT
 #define get_gecos(ignored) "&"
 #else
 #define get_gecos(struct_passwd) ((struct_passwd)->pw_gecos)
 #endif
 
-static void copy_gecos(const struct passwd *w, char *name, size_t sz)
+static void copy_gecos(const struct passwd *w, struct strbuf *name)
 {
-	char *src, *dst;
-	size_t len, nlen;
-
-	nlen = strlen(w->pw_name);
+	char *src;
 
 	/* Traditionally GECOS field had office phone numbers etc, separated
 	 * with commas.  Also & stands for capitalized form of the login name.
 	 */
 
-	for (len = 0, dst = name, src = get_gecos(w); len < sz; src++) {
+	for (src = get_gecos(w); *src && *src != ','; src++) {
 		int ch = *src;
-		if (ch != '&') {
-			*dst++ = ch;
-			if (ch == 0 || ch == ',')
-				break;
-			len++;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (len + nlen < sz) {
+		if (ch != '&')
+			strbuf_addch(name, ch);
+		else {
 			/* Sorry, Mr. McDonald... */
-			*dst++ = toupper(*w->pw_name);
-			memcpy(dst, w->pw_name + 1, nlen - 1);
-			dst += nlen - 1;
-			len += nlen;
+			strbuf_addch(name, toupper(*w->pw_name));
+			strbuf_addstr(name, w->pw_name + 1);
 		}
 	}
-	if (len < sz)
-		name[len] = 0;
-	else
-		die("Your parents must have hated you!");
-
 }
 
-static int add_mailname_host(char *buf, size_t len)
+static int add_mailname_host(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	FILE *mailname;
+	struct strbuf mailnamebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	mailname = fopen("/etc/mailname", "r");
 	if (!mailname) {
@@ -61,106 +55,83 @@
 				strerror(errno));
 		return -1;
 	}
-	if (!fgets(buf, len, mailname)) {
+	if (strbuf_getline(&mailnamebuf, mailname, '\n') == EOF) {
 		if (ferror(mailname))
 			warning("cannot read /etc/mailname: %s",
 				strerror(errno));
+		strbuf_release(&mailnamebuf);
 		fclose(mailname);
 		return -1;
 	}
 	/* success! */
+	strbuf_addbuf(buf, &mailnamebuf);
+	strbuf_release(&mailnamebuf);
 	fclose(mailname);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void add_domainname(char *buf, size_t len)
+static void add_domainname(struct strbuf *out)
 {
+	char buf[1024];
 	struct hostent *he;
-	size_t namelen;
-	const char *domainname;
 
-	if (gethostname(buf, len)) {
+	if (gethostname(buf, sizeof(buf))) {
 		warning("cannot get host name: %s", strerror(errno));
-		strlcpy(buf, "(none)", len);
+		strbuf_addstr(out, "(none)");
 		return;
 	}
-	namelen = strlen(buf);
-	if (memchr(buf, '.', namelen))
-		return;
-
-	he = gethostbyname(buf);
-	buf[namelen++] = '.';
-	buf += namelen;
-	len -= namelen;
-	if (he && (domainname = strchr(he->h_name, '.')))
-		strlcpy(buf, domainname + 1, len);
+	if (strchr(buf, '.'))
+		strbuf_addstr(out, buf);
+	else if ((he = gethostbyname(buf)) && strchr(he->h_name, '.'))
+		strbuf_addstr(out, he->h_name);
 	else
-		strlcpy(buf, "(none)", len);
+		strbuf_addf(out, "%s.(none)", buf);
 }
 
-static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw)
+static void copy_email(const struct passwd *pw, struct strbuf *email)
 {
 	/*
 	 * Make up a fake email address
 	 * (name + '@' + hostname [+ '.' + domainname])
 	 */
-	size_t len = strlen(pw->pw_name);
-	if (len > sizeof(git_default_email)/2)
-		die("Your sysadmin must hate you!");
-	memcpy(git_default_email, pw->pw_name, len);
-	git_default_email[len++] = '@';
+	strbuf_addstr(email, pw->pw_name);
+	strbuf_addch(email, '@');
 
-	if (!add_mailname_host(git_default_email + len,
-				sizeof(git_default_email) - len))
+	if (!add_mailname_host(email))
 		return;	/* read from "/etc/mailname" (Debian) */
-	add_domainname(git_default_email + len,
-			sizeof(git_default_email) - len);
+	add_domainname(email);
 }
 
-static void setup_ident(const char **name, const char **emailp)
+static const char *ident_default_name(void)
 {
-	struct passwd *pw = NULL;
-
-	/* Get the name ("gecos") */
-	if (!*name && !git_default_name[0]) {
-		pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-		if (!pw)
-			die("You don't exist. Go away!");
-		copy_gecos(pw, git_default_name, sizeof(git_default_name));
+	if (!git_default_name.len) {
+		copy_gecos(xgetpwuid_self(), &git_default_name);
+		strbuf_trim(&git_default_name);
 	}
-	if (!*name)
-		*name = git_default_name;
+	return git_default_name.buf;
+}
 
-	if (!*emailp && !git_default_email[0]) {
+const char *ident_default_email(void)
+{
+	if (!git_default_email.len) {
 		const char *email = getenv("EMAIL");
 
 		if (email && email[0]) {
-			strlcpy(git_default_email, email,
-				sizeof(git_default_email));
-			user_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
-		} else {
-			if (!pw)
-				pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-			if (!pw)
-				die("You don't exist. Go away!");
-			copy_email(pw);
-		}
+			strbuf_addstr(&git_default_email, email);
+			committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+			author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+		} else
+			copy_email(xgetpwuid_self(), &git_default_email);
+		strbuf_trim(&git_default_email);
 	}
-	if (!*emailp)
-		*emailp = git_default_email;
-
-	/* And set the default date */
-	if (!git_default_date[0])
-		datestamp(git_default_date, sizeof(git_default_date));
+	return git_default_email.buf;
 }
 
-static int add_raw(char *buf, size_t size, int offset, const char *str)
+static const char *ident_default_date(void)
 {
-	size_t len = strlen(str);
-	if (offset + len > size)
-		return size;
-	memcpy(buf + offset, str, len);
-	return offset + len;
+	if (!git_default_date[0])
+		datestamp(git_default_date, sizeof(git_default_date));
+	return git_default_date;
 }
 
 static int crud(unsigned char c)
@@ -181,7 +152,7 @@
  * Copy over a string to the destination, but avoid special
  * characters ('\n', '<' and '>') and remove crud at the end
  */
-static int copy(char *buf, size_t size, int offset, const char *src)
+static void strbuf_addstr_without_crud(struct strbuf *sb, const char *src)
 {
 	size_t i, len;
 	unsigned char c;
@@ -205,19 +176,89 @@
 	/*
 	 * Copy the rest to the buffer, but avoid the special
 	 * characters '\n' '<' and '>' that act as delimiters on
-	 * an identification line
+	 * an identification line. We can only remove crud, never add it,
+	 * so 'len' is our maximum.
 	 */
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		c = *src++;
 		switch (c) {
 		case '\n': case '<': case '>':
 			continue;
 		}
-		if (offset >= size)
-			return size;
-		buf[offset++] = c;
+		sb->buf[sb->len++] = c;
 	}
-	return offset;
+	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
+}
+
+/*
+ * Reverse of fmt_ident(); given an ident line, split the fields
+ * to allow the caller to parse it.
+ * Signal a success by returning 0, but date/tz fields of the result
+ * can still be NULL if the input line only has the name/email part
+ * (e.g. reading from a reflog entry).
+ */
+int split_ident_line(struct ident_split *split, const char *line, int len)
+{
+	const char *cp;
+	size_t span;
+	int status = -1;
+
+	memset(split, 0, sizeof(*split));
+
+	split->name_begin = line;
+	for (cp = line; *cp && cp < line + len; cp++)
+		if (*cp == '<') {
+			split->mail_begin = cp + 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!split->mail_begin)
+		return status;
+
+	for (cp = split->mail_begin - 2; line <= cp; cp--)
+		if (!isspace(*cp)) {
+			split->name_end = cp + 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!split->name_end) {
+		/* no human readable name */
+		split->name_end = split->name_begin;
+	}
+
+	for (cp = split->mail_begin; cp < line + len; cp++)
+		if (*cp == '>') {
+			split->mail_end = cp;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!split->mail_end)
+		return status;
+
+	for (cp = split->mail_end + 1; cp < line + len && isspace(*cp); cp++)
+		;
+	if (line + len <= cp)
+		goto person_only;
+	split->date_begin = cp;
+	span = strspn(cp, "0123456789");
+	if (!span)
+		goto person_only;
+	split->date_end = split->date_begin + span;
+	for (cp = split->date_end; cp < line + len && isspace(*cp); cp++)
+		;
+	if (line + len <= cp || (*cp != '+' && *cp != '-'))
+		goto person_only;
+	split->tz_begin = cp;
+	span = strspn(cp + 1, "0123456789");
+	if (!span)
+		goto person_only;
+	split->tz_end = split->tz_begin + 1 + span;
+	return 0;
+
+person_only:
+	split->date_begin = NULL;
+	split->date_end = NULL;
+	split->tz_begin = NULL;
+	split->tz_end = NULL;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static const char *env_hint =
@@ -236,61 +277,70 @@
 const char *fmt_ident(const char *name, const char *email,
 		      const char *date_str, int flag)
 {
-	static char buffer[1000];
+	static struct strbuf ident = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char date[50];
-	int i;
-	int error_on_no_name = (flag & IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME);
-	int warn_on_no_name = (flag & IDENT_WARN_ON_NO_NAME);
-	int name_addr_only = (flag & IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	int strict = (flag & IDENT_STRICT);
+	int want_date = !(flag & IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	int want_name = !(flag & IDENT_NO_NAME);
 
-	setup_ident(&name, &email);
+	if (want_name && !name)
+		name = ident_default_name();
+	if (!email)
+		email = ident_default_email();
 
-	if (!*name) {
+	if (want_name && !*name) {
 		struct passwd *pw;
 
-		if ((warn_on_no_name || error_on_no_name) &&
-		    name == git_default_name && env_hint) {
-			fputs(env_hint, stderr);
-			env_hint = NULL; /* warn only once */
+		if (strict) {
+			if (name == git_default_name.buf)
+				fputs(env_hint, stderr);
+			die("empty ident name (for <%s>) not allowed", email);
 		}
-		if (error_on_no_name)
-			die("empty ident %s <%s> not allowed", name, email);
-		pw = getpwuid(getuid());
-		if (!pw)
-			die("You don't exist. Go away!");
-		strlcpy(git_default_name, pw->pw_name,
-			sizeof(git_default_name));
-		name = git_default_name;
+		pw = xgetpwuid_self();
+		name = pw->pw_name;
 	}
 
-	strcpy(date, git_default_date);
-	if (!name_addr_only && date_str && date_str[0]) {
-		if (parse_date(date_str, date, sizeof(date)) < 0)
-			die("invalid date format: %s", date_str);
+	if (strict && email == git_default_email.buf &&
+	    strstr(email, "(none)")) {
+		fputs(env_hint, stderr);
+		die("unable to auto-detect email address (got '%s')", email);
 	}
 
-	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, name);
-	i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, " <");
-	i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, email);
-	if (!name_addr_only) {
-		i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i,  "> ");
-		i = copy(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, date);
-	} else {
-		i = add_raw(buffer, sizeof(buffer), i, ">");
+	if (want_date) {
+		if (date_str && date_str[0]) {
+			if (parse_date(date_str, date, sizeof(date)) < 0)
+				die("invalid date format: %s", date_str);
+		}
+		else
+			strcpy(date, ident_default_date());
 	}
-	if (i >= sizeof(buffer))
-		die("Impossibly long personal identifier");
-	buffer[i] = 0;
-	return buffer;
+
+	strbuf_reset(&ident);
+	if (want_name) {
+		strbuf_addstr_without_crud(&ident, name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&ident, " <");
+	}
+	strbuf_addstr_without_crud(&ident, email);
+	if (want_name)
+			strbuf_addch(&ident, '>');
+	if (want_date) {
+		strbuf_addch(&ident, ' ');
+		strbuf_addstr_without_crud(&ident, date);
+	}
+	return ident.buf;
 }
 
 const char *fmt_name(const char *name, const char *email)
 {
-	return fmt_ident(name, email, NULL, IDENT_ERROR_ON_NO_NAME | IDENT_NO_DATE);
+	return fmt_ident(name, email, NULL, IDENT_STRICT | IDENT_NO_DATE);
 }
 
 const char *git_author_info(int flag)
 {
+	if (getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME"))
+		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
+	if (getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"))
+		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 	return fmt_ident(getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_NAME"),
 			 getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"),
 			 getenv("GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"),
@@ -300,16 +350,16 @@
 const char *git_committer_info(int flag)
 {
 	if (getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"))
-		user_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
+		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
 	if (getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"))
-		user_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
 	return fmt_ident(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
 			 getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL"),
 			 getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_DATE"),
 			 flag);
 }
 
-int user_ident_sufficiently_given(void)
+static int ident_is_sufficient(int user_ident_explicitly_given)
 {
 #ifndef WINDOWS
 	return (user_ident_explicitly_given & IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN);
@@ -317,3 +367,38 @@
 	return (user_ident_explicitly_given == IDENT_ALL_GIVEN);
 #endif
 }
+
+int committer_ident_sufficiently_given(void)
+{
+	return ident_is_sufficient(committer_ident_explicitly_given);
+}
+
+int author_ident_sufficiently_given(void)
+{
+	return ident_is_sufficient(author_ident_explicitly_given);
+}
+
+int git_ident_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(var, "user.name")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		strbuf_reset(&git_default_name);
+		strbuf_addstr(&git_default_name, value);
+		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
+		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_NAME_GIVEN;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(var, "user.email")) {
+		if (!value)
+			return config_error_nonbool(var);
+		strbuf_reset(&git_default_email);
+		strbuf_addstr(&git_default_email, value);
+		committer_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+		author_ident_explicitly_given |= IDENT_MAIL_GIVEN;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/imap-send.c b/imap-send.c
index e1ad1a4..21dc20b 100644
--- a/imap-send.c
+++ b/imap-send.c
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
+#include "prompt.h"
 #ifdef NO_OPENSSL
 typedef void *SSL;
 #else
@@ -32,70 +33,6 @@
 #include <openssl/hmac.h>
 #endif
 
-struct store_conf {
-	char *name;
-	const char *path; /* should this be here? its interpretation is driver-specific */
-	char *map_inbox;
-	char *trash;
-	unsigned max_size; /* off_t is overkill */
-	unsigned trash_remote_new:1, trash_only_new:1;
-};
-
-struct string_list {
-	struct string_list *next;
-	char string[1];
-};
-
-struct channel_conf {
-	struct channel_conf *next;
-	char *name;
-	struct store_conf *master, *slave;
-	char *master_name, *slave_name;
-	char *sync_state;
-	struct string_list *patterns;
-	int mops, sops;
-	unsigned max_messages; /* for slave only */
-};
-
-struct group_conf {
-	struct group_conf *next;
-	char *name;
-	struct string_list *channels;
-};
-
-/* For message->status */
-#define M_RECENT       (1<<0) /* unsyncable flag; maildir_* depend on this being 1<<0 */
-#define M_DEAD         (1<<1) /* expunged */
-#define M_FLAGS        (1<<2) /* flags fetched */
-
-struct message {
-	struct message *next;
-	/* struct string_list *keywords; */
-	size_t size; /* zero implies "not fetched" */
-	int uid;
-	unsigned char flags, status;
-};
-
-struct store {
-	struct store_conf *conf; /* foreign */
-
-	/* currently open mailbox */
-	const char *name; /* foreign! maybe preset? */
-	char *path; /* own */
-	struct message *msgs; /* own */
-	int uidvalidity;
-	unsigned char opts; /* maybe preset? */
-	/* note that the following do _not_ reflect stats from msgs, but mailbox totals */
-	int count; /* # of messages */
-	int recent; /* # of recent messages - don't trust this beyond the initial read */
-};
-
-struct msg_data {
-	char *data;
-	int len;
-	unsigned char flags;
-};
-
 static const char imap_send_usage[] = "git imap-send < <mbox>";
 
 #undef DRV_OK
@@ -113,8 +50,6 @@
 
 static char *next_arg(char **);
 
-static void free_generic_messages(struct message *);
-
 __attribute__((format (printf, 3, 4)))
 static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...);
 
@@ -158,21 +93,6 @@
 	NULL,	/* auth_method */
 };
 
-struct imap_store_conf {
-	struct store_conf gen;
-	struct imap_server_conf *server;
-	unsigned use_namespace:1;
-};
-
-#define NIL	(void *)0x1
-#define LIST	(void *)0x2
-
-struct imap_list {
-	struct imap_list *next, *child;
-	char *val;
-	int len;
-};
-
 struct imap_socket {
 	int fd[2];
 	SSL *ssl;
@@ -189,7 +109,6 @@
 
 struct imap {
 	int uidnext; /* from SELECT responses */
-	struct imap_list *ns_personal, *ns_other, *ns_shared; /* NAMESPACE info */
 	unsigned caps, rcaps; /* CAPABILITY results */
 	/* command queue */
 	int nexttag, num_in_progress, literal_pending;
@@ -198,11 +117,11 @@
 };
 
 struct imap_store {
-	struct store gen;
+	/* currently open mailbox */
+	const char *name; /* foreign! maybe preset? */
 	int uidvalidity;
 	struct imap *imap;
 	const char *prefix;
-	unsigned /*currentnc:1,*/ trashnc:1;
 };
 
 struct imap_cmd_cb {
@@ -249,14 +168,6 @@
 static int get_cmd_result(struct imap_store *ctx, struct imap_cmd *tcmd);
 
 
-static const char *Flags[] = {
-	"Draft",
-	"Flagged",
-	"Answered",
-	"Seen",
-	"Deleted",
-};
-
 #ifndef NO_OPENSSL
 static void ssl_socket_perror(const char *func)
 {
@@ -500,16 +411,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-static void free_generic_messages(struct message *msgs)
-{
-	struct message *tmsg;
-
-	for (; msgs; msgs = tmsg) {
-		tmsg = msgs->next;
-		free(msgs);
-	}
-}
-
 static int nfsnprintf(char *buf, int blen, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	int ret;
@@ -637,35 +538,9 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int is_atom(struct imap_list *list)
+static int skip_imap_list_l(char **sp, int level)
 {
-	return list && list->val && list->val != NIL && list->val != LIST;
-}
-
-static int is_list(struct imap_list *list)
-{
-	return list && list->val == LIST;
-}
-
-static void free_list(struct imap_list *list)
-{
-	struct imap_list *tmp;
-
-	for (; list; list = tmp) {
-		tmp = list->next;
-		if (is_list(list))
-			free_list(list->child);
-		else if (is_atom(list))
-			free(list->val);
-		free(list);
-	}
-}
-
-static int parse_imap_list_l(struct imap *imap, char **sp, struct imap_list **curp, int level)
-{
-	struct imap_list *cur;
-	char *s = *sp, *p;
-	int n, bytes;
+	char *s = *sp;
 
 	for (;;) {
 		while (isspace((unsigned char)*s))
@@ -674,68 +549,23 @@
 			s++;
 			break;
 		}
-		*curp = cur = xmalloc(sizeof(*cur));
-		curp = &cur->next;
-		cur->val = NULL; /* for clean bail */
 		if (*s == '(') {
 			/* sublist */
 			s++;
-			cur->val = LIST;
-			if (parse_imap_list_l(imap, &s, &cur->child, level + 1))
-				goto bail;
-		} else if (imap && *s == '{') {
-			/* literal */
-			bytes = cur->len = strtol(s + 1, &s, 10);
-			if (*s != '}')
-				goto bail;
-
-			s = cur->val = xmalloc(cur->len);
-
-			/* dump whats left over in the input buffer */
-			n = imap->buf.bytes - imap->buf.offset;
-
-			if (n > bytes)
-				/* the entire message fit in the buffer */
-				n = bytes;
-
-			memcpy(s, imap->buf.buf + imap->buf.offset, n);
-			s += n;
-			bytes -= n;
-
-			/* mark that we used part of the buffer */
-			imap->buf.offset += n;
-
-			/* now read the rest of the message */
-			while (bytes > 0) {
-				if ((n = socket_read(&imap->buf.sock, s, bytes)) <= 0)
-					goto bail;
-				s += n;
-				bytes -= n;
-			}
-
-			if (buffer_gets(&imap->buf, &s))
+			if (skip_imap_list_l(&s, level + 1))
 				goto bail;
 		} else if (*s == '"') {
 			/* quoted string */
 			s++;
-			p = s;
 			for (; *s != '"'; s++)
 				if (!*s)
 					goto bail;
-			cur->len = s - p;
 			s++;
-			cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		} else {
 			/* atom */
-			p = s;
 			for (; *s && !isspace((unsigned char)*s); s++)
 				if (level && *s == ')')
 					break;
-			cur->len = s - p;
-			if (cur->len == 3 && !memcmp("NIL", p, 3))
-				cur->val = NIL;
-			else
-				cur->val = xmemdupz(p, cur->len);
 		}
 
 		if (!level)
@@ -744,27 +574,15 @@
 			goto bail;
 	}
 	*sp = s;
-	*curp = NULL;
 	return 0;
 
 bail:
-	*curp = NULL;
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static struct imap_list *parse_imap_list(struct imap *imap, char **sp)
+static void skip_list(char **sp)
 {
-	struct imap_list *head;
-
-	if (!parse_imap_list_l(imap, sp, &head, 0))
-		return head;
-	free_list(head);
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-static struct imap_list *parse_list(char **sp)
-{
-	return parse_imap_list(NULL, sp);
+	skip_imap_list_l(sp, 0);
 }
 
 static void parse_capability(struct imap *imap, char *cmd)
@@ -796,7 +614,7 @@
 	*p++ = 0;
 	arg = next_arg(&s);
 	if (!strcmp("UIDVALIDITY", arg)) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->uidvalidity = atoi(arg))) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed UIDVALIDITY status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
 		}
@@ -814,7 +632,7 @@
 		for (; isspace((unsigned char)*p); p++);
 		fprintf(stderr, "*** IMAP ALERT *** %s\n", p);
 	} else if (cb && cb->ctx && !strcmp("APPENDUID", arg)) {
-		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->gen.uidvalidity = atoi(arg)) ||
+		if (!(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(ctx->uidvalidity = atoi(arg)) ||
 		    !(arg = next_arg(&s)) || !(*(int *)cb->ctx = atoi(arg))) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: malformed APPENDUID status\n");
 			return RESP_BAD;
@@ -843,20 +661,28 @@
 			}
 
 			if (!strcmp("NAMESPACE", arg)) {
-				imap->ns_personal = parse_list(&cmd);
-				imap->ns_other = parse_list(&cmd);
-				imap->ns_shared = parse_list(&cmd);
+				/* rfc2342 NAMESPACE response. */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Personal mailboxes */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Others' mailboxes */
+				skip_list(&cmd); /* Shared mailboxes */
 			} else if (!strcmp("OK", arg) || !strcmp("BAD", arg) ||
 				   !strcmp("NO", arg) || !strcmp("BYE", arg)) {
 				if ((resp = parse_response_code(ctx, NULL, cmd)) != RESP_OK)
 					return resp;
-			} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg))
+			} else if (!strcmp("CAPABILITY", arg)) {
 				parse_capability(imap, cmd);
-			else if ((arg1 = next_arg(&cmd))) {
-				if (!strcmp("EXISTS", arg1))
-					ctx->gen.count = atoi(arg);
-				else if (!strcmp("RECENT", arg1))
-					ctx->gen.recent = atoi(arg);
+			} else if ((arg1 = next_arg(&cmd))) {
+				; /*
+				   * Unhandled response-data with at least two words.
+				   * Ignore it.
+				   *
+				   * NEEDSWORK: Previously this case handled '<num> EXISTS'
+				   * and '<num> RECENT' but as a probably-unintended side
+				   * effect it ignores other unrecognized two-word
+				   * responses.  imap-send doesn't ever try to read
+				   * messages or mailboxes these days, so consider
+				   * eliminating this case.
+				   */
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr, "IMAP error: unable to parse untagged response\n");
 				return RESP_BAD;
@@ -958,16 +784,12 @@
 		imap_exec(ictx, NULL, "LOGOUT");
 		socket_shutdown(&imap->buf.sock);
 	}
-	free_list(imap->ns_personal);
-	free_list(imap->ns_other);
-	free_list(imap->ns_shared);
 	free(imap);
 }
 
-static void imap_close_store(struct store *ctx)
+static void imap_close_store(struct imap_store *ctx)
 {
-	imap_close_server((struct imap_store *)ctx);
-	free_generic_messages(ctx->msgs);
+	imap_close_server(ctx);
 	free(ctx);
 }
 
@@ -1045,14 +867,14 @@
 
 	ret = socket_write(&ctx->imap->buf.sock, response, strlen(response));
 	if (ret != strlen(response))
-		return error("IMAP error: sending response failed\n");
+		return error("IMAP error: sending response failed");
 
 	free(response);
 
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static struct store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
+static struct imap_store *imap_open_store(struct imap_server_conf *srvc)
 {
 	struct imap_store *ctx;
 	struct imap *imap;
@@ -1209,13 +1031,10 @@
 			goto bail;
 		}
 		if (!srvc->pass) {
-			char prompt[80];
-			sprintf(prompt, "Password (%s@%s): ", srvc->user, srvc->host);
-			arg = git_getpass(prompt);
-			if (!arg) {
-				perror("getpass");
-				exit(1);
-			}
+			struct strbuf prompt = STRBUF_INIT;
+			strbuf_addf(&prompt, "Password (%s@%s): ", srvc->user, srvc->host);
+			arg = git_getpass(prompt.buf);
+			strbuf_release(&prompt);
 			if (!*arg) {
 				fprintf(stderr, "Skipping account %s@%s, no password\n", srvc->user, srvc->host);
 				goto bail;
@@ -1265,173 +1084,113 @@
 	} /* !preauth */
 
 	ctx->prefix = "";
-	ctx->trashnc = 1;
-	return (struct store *)ctx;
+	return ctx;
 
 bail:
-	imap_close_store(&ctx->gen);
+	imap_close_store(ctx);
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static int imap_make_flags(int flags, char *buf)
-{
-	const char *s;
-	unsigned i, d;
-
-	for (i = d = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(Flags); i++)
-		if (flags & (1 << i)) {
-			buf[d++] = ' ';
-			buf[d++] = '\\';
-			for (s = Flags[i]; *s; s++)
-				buf[d++] = *s;
-		}
-	buf[0] = '(';
-	buf[d++] = ')';
-	return d;
-}
-
-static void lf_to_crlf(struct msg_data *msg)
+/*
+ * Insert CR characters as necessary in *msg to ensure that every LF
+ * character in *msg is preceded by a CR.
+ */
+static void lf_to_crlf(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
 	char *new;
-	int i, j, lfnum = 0;
+	size_t i, j;
+	char lastc;
 
-	if (msg->data[0] == '\n')
-		lfnum++;
-	for (i = 1; i < msg->len; i++) {
-		if (msg->data[i - 1] != '\r' && msg->data[i] == '\n')
-			lfnum++;
+	/* First pass: tally, in j, the size of the new string: */
+	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
+		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
+			j++; /* a CR will need to be added here */
+		lastc = msg->buf[i];
+		j++;
 	}
 
-	new = xmalloc(msg->len + lfnum);
-	if (msg->data[0] == '\n') {
-		new[0] = '\r';
-		new[1] = '\n';
-		i = 1;
-		j = 2;
-	} else {
-		new[0] = msg->data[0];
-		i = 1;
-		j = 1;
-	}
-	for ( ; i < msg->len; i++) {
-		if (msg->data[i] != '\n') {
-			new[j++] = msg->data[i];
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (msg->data[i - 1] != '\r')
+	new = xmalloc(j + 1);
+
+	/*
+	 * Second pass: write the new string.  Note that this loop is
+	 * otherwise identical to the first pass.
+	 */
+	for (i = j = 0, lastc = '\0'; i < msg->len; i++) {
+		if (msg->buf[i] == '\n' && lastc != '\r')
 			new[j++] = '\r';
-		/* otherwise it already had CR before */
-		new[j++] = '\n';
+		lastc = new[j++] = msg->buf[i];
 	}
-	msg->len += lfnum;
-	free(msg->data);
-	msg->data = new;
+	strbuf_attach(msg, new, j, j + 1);
 }
 
-static int imap_store_msg(struct store *gctx, struct msg_data *data)
+/*
+ * Store msg to IMAP.  Also detach and free the data from msg->data,
+ * leaving msg->data empty.
+ */
+static int imap_store_msg(struct imap_store *ctx, struct strbuf *msg)
 {
-	struct imap_store *ctx = (struct imap_store *)gctx;
 	struct imap *imap = ctx->imap;
 	struct imap_cmd_cb cb;
 	const char *prefix, *box;
-	int ret, d;
-	char flagstr[128];
+	int ret;
 
-	lf_to_crlf(data);
+	lf_to_crlf(msg);
 	memset(&cb, 0, sizeof(cb));
 
-	cb.dlen = data->len;
-	cb.data = xmalloc(cb.dlen);
-	memcpy(cb.data, data->data, data->len);
+	cb.dlen = msg->len;
+	cb.data = strbuf_detach(msg, NULL);
 
-	d = 0;
-	if (data->flags) {
-		d = imap_make_flags(data->flags, flagstr);
-		flagstr[d++] = ' ';
-	}
-	flagstr[d] = 0;
-
-	box = gctx->name;
+	box = ctx->name;
 	prefix = !strcmp(box, "INBOX") ? "" : ctx->prefix;
 	cb.create = 0;
-	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" %s", prefix, box, flagstr);
+	ret = imap_exec_m(ctx, &cb, "APPEND \"%s%s\" ", prefix, box);
 	imap->caps = imap->rcaps;
 	if (ret != DRV_OK)
 		return ret;
-	gctx->count++;
 
 	return DRV_OK;
 }
 
-static void encode_html_chars(struct strbuf *p)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < p->len; i++) {
-		if (p->buf[i] == '&')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&amp;", 5);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '<')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&lt;", 4);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '>')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&gt;", 4);
-		if (p->buf[i] == '"')
-			strbuf_splice(p, i, 1, "&quot;", 6);
-	}
-}
-static void wrap_in_html(struct msg_data *msg)
+static void wrap_in_html(struct strbuf *msg)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf **lines;
-	struct strbuf **p;
 	static char *content_type = "Content-Type: text/html;\n";
 	static char *pre_open = "<pre>\n";
 	static char *pre_close = "</pre>\n";
-	int added_header = 0;
+	const char *body = strstr(msg->buf, "\n\n");
 
-	strbuf_attach(&buf, msg->data, msg->len, msg->len);
-	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
-	for (p = lines; *p; p++) {
-		if (! added_header) {
-			if ((*p)->len == 1 && *((*p)->buf) == '\n') {
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
-				strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
-				strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
-				added_header = 1;
-				continue;
-			}
-		}
-		else
-			encode_html_chars(*p);
-		strbuf_addbuf(&buf, *p);
-	}
+	if (!body)
+		return; /* Headers but no body; no wrapping needed */
+
+	body += 2;
+
+	strbuf_add(&buf, msg->buf, body - msg->buf - 1);
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, content_type);
+	strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_open);
+	strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(&buf, body);
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, pre_close);
-	strbuf_list_free(lines);
-	msg->len  = buf.len;
-	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+	strbuf_release(msg);
+	*msg = buf;
 }
 
 #define CHUNKSIZE 0x1000
 
-static int read_message(FILE *f, struct msg_data *msg)
+static int read_message(FILE *f, struct strbuf *all_msgs)
 {
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-
-	memset(msg, 0, sizeof(*msg));
-
 	do {
-		if (strbuf_fread(&buf, CHUNKSIZE, f) <= 0)
+		if (strbuf_fread(all_msgs, CHUNKSIZE, f) <= 0)
 			break;
 	} while (!feof(f));
 
-	msg->len  = buf.len;
-	msg->data = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-	return msg->len;
+	return ferror(f) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
-static int count_messages(struct msg_data *msg)
+static int count_messages(struct strbuf *all_msgs)
 {
 	int count = 0;
-	char *p = msg->data;
+	char *p = all_msgs->buf;
 
 	while (1) {
 		if (!prefixcmp(p, "From ")) {
@@ -1452,34 +1211,39 @@
 	return count;
 }
 
-static int split_msg(struct msg_data *all_msgs, struct msg_data *msg, int *ofs)
+/*
+ * Copy the next message from all_msgs, starting at offset *ofs, to
+ * msg.  Update *ofs to the start of the following message.  Return
+ * true iff a message was successfully copied.
+ */
+static int split_msg(struct strbuf *all_msgs, struct strbuf *msg, int *ofs)
 {
 	char *p, *data;
+	size_t len;
 
-	memset(msg, 0, sizeof *msg);
 	if (*ofs >= all_msgs->len)
 		return 0;
 
-	data = &all_msgs->data[*ofs];
-	msg->len = all_msgs->len - *ofs;
+	data = &all_msgs->buf[*ofs];
+	len = all_msgs->len - *ofs;
 
-	if (msg->len < 5 || prefixcmp(data, "From "))
+	if (len < 5 || prefixcmp(data, "From "))
 		return 0;
 
 	p = strchr(data, '\n');
 	if (p) {
-		p = &p[1];
-		msg->len -= p-data;
-		*ofs += p-data;
+		p++;
+		len -= p - data;
+		*ofs += p - data;
 		data = p;
 	}
 
 	p = strstr(data, "\nFrom ");
 	if (p)
-		msg->len = &p[1] - data;
+		len = &p[1] - data;
 
-	msg->data = xmemdupz(data, msg->len);
-	*ofs += msg->len;
+	strbuf_add(msg, data, len);
+	*ofs += len;
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1530,8 +1294,9 @@
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
-	struct msg_data all_msgs, msg;
-	struct store *ctx = NULL;
+	struct strbuf all_msgs = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct imap_store *ctx = NULL;
 	int ofs = 0;
 	int r;
 	int total, n = 0;
@@ -1539,6 +1304,8 @@
 
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(imap_send_usage);
 
@@ -1561,7 +1328,12 @@
 	}
 
 	/* read the messages */
-	if (!read_message(stdin, &all_msgs)) {
+	if (read_message(stdin, &all_msgs)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "error reading input\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (all_msgs.len == 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "nothing to send\n");
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1583,6 +1355,7 @@
 	ctx->name = imap_folder;
 	while (1) {
 		unsigned percent = n * 100 / total;
+
 		fprintf(stderr, "%4u%% (%d/%d) done\r", percent, n, total);
 		if (!split_msg(&all_msgs, &msg, &ofs))
 			break;
diff --git a/list-objects.c b/list-objects.c
index 39d80c0..3dd4a96 100644
--- a/list-objects.c
+++ b/list-objects.c
@@ -71,7 +71,8 @@
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	struct name_path me;
-	int match = revs->diffopt.pathspec.nr == 0 ? 2 : 0;
+	enum interesting match = revs->diffopt.pathspec.nr == 0 ?
+		all_entries_interesting: entry_not_interesting;
 	int baselen = base->len;
 
 	if (!revs->tree_objects)
@@ -97,12 +98,12 @@
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (match != 2) {
+		if (match != all_entries_interesting) {
 			match = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, base, 0,
 						       &revs->diffopt.pathspec);
-			if (match < 0)
+			if (match == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				break;
-			if (match == 0)
+			if (match == entry_not_interesting)
 				continue;
 		}
 
diff --git a/ll-merge.c b/ll-merge.c
index da59738..fb61ea6 100644
--- a/ll-merge.c
+++ b/ll-merge.c
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
  */
 static int ll_binary_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
 			   mmbuffer_t *result,
-			   const char *path_unused,
+			   const char *path,
 			   mmfile_t *orig, const char *orig_name,
 			   mmfile_t *src1, const char *name1,
 			   mmfile_t *src2, const char *name2,
@@ -46,16 +46,34 @@
 	assert(opts);
 
 	/*
-	 * The tentative merge result is "ours" for the final round,
-	 * or common ancestor for an internal merge.  Still return
-	 * "conflicted merge" status.
+	 * The tentative merge result is the or common ancestor for an internal merge.
 	 */
-	stolen = opts->virtual_ancestor ? orig : src1;
+	if (opts->virtual_ancestor) {
+		stolen = orig;
+	} else {
+		switch (opts->variant) {
+		default:
+			warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s (%s vs. %s)",
+				path, name1, name2);
+			/* fallthru */
+		case XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_OURS:
+			stolen = src1;
+			break;
+		case XDL_MERGE_FAVOR_THEIRS:
+			stolen = src2;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
 
 	result->ptr = stolen->ptr;
 	result->size = stolen->size;
 	stolen->ptr = NULL;
-	return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * With -Xtheirs or -Xours, we have cleanly merged;
+	 * otherwise we got a conflict.
+	 */
+	return (opts->variant ? 0 : 1);
 }
 
 static int ll_xdl_merge(const struct ll_merge_driver *drv_unused,
@@ -73,8 +91,6 @@
 	if (buffer_is_binary(orig->ptr, orig->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src1->ptr, src1->size) ||
 	    buffer_is_binary(src2->ptr, src2->size)) {
-		warning("Cannot merge binary files: %s (%s vs. %s)\n",
-			path, name1, name2);
 		return ll_binary_merge(drv_unused, result,
 				       path,
 				       orig, orig_name,
@@ -206,7 +222,7 @@
 static int read_merge_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb)
 {
 	struct ll_merge_driver *fn;
-	const char *ep, *name;
+	const char *key, *name;
 	int namelen;
 
 	if (!strcmp(var, "merge.default")) {
@@ -220,15 +236,13 @@
 	 * especially, we do not want to look at variables such as
 	 * "merge.summary", "merge.tool", and "merge.verbosity".
 	 */
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "merge.") || (ep = strrchr(var, '.')) == var + 5)
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "merge", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
 		return 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * Find existing one as we might be processing merge.<name>.var2
 	 * after seeing merge.<name>.var1.
 	 */
-	name = var + 6;
-	namelen = ep - name;
 	for (fn = ll_user_merge; fn; fn = fn->next)
 		if (!strncmp(fn->name, name, namelen) && !fn->name[namelen])
 			break;
@@ -240,16 +254,14 @@
 		ll_user_merge_tail = &(fn->next);
 	}
 
-	ep++;
-
-	if (!strcmp("name", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("name", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		fn->description = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp("driver", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("driver", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		/*
@@ -273,7 +285,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (!strcmp("recursive", ep)) {
+	if (!strcmp("recursive", key)) {
 		if (!value)
 			return error("%s: lacks value", var);
 		fn->recursive = xstrdup(value);
diff --git a/log-tree.c b/log-tree.c
index e7694a3..5dc45c4 100644
--- a/log-tree.c
+++ b/log-tree.c
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "color.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 struct decoration name_decoration = { "object names" };
 
@@ -119,9 +120,9 @@
 		type = DECORATION_REF_REMOTE;
 	else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/tags/"))
 		type = DECORATION_REF_TAG;
-	else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/stash"))
+	else if (!strcmp(refname, "refs/stash"))
 		type = DECORATION_REF_STASH;
-	else if (!prefixcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
+	else if (!strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))
 		type = DECORATION_REF_HEAD;
 
 	if (!cb_data || *(int *)cb_data == DECORATE_SHORT_REFS)
@@ -298,23 +299,34 @@
 	return result;
 }
 
-void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
-			struct strbuf *buf)
+void fmt_output_subject(struct strbuf *filename,
+			const char *subject,
+			struct rev_info *info)
 {
-	int suffix_len = strlen(suffix) + 1;
-	int start_len = buf->len;
+	const char *suffix = info->patch_suffix;
+	int nr = info->nr;
+	int start_len = filename->len;
+	int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - (strlen(suffix) + 1);
 
-	strbuf_addf(buf, commit ? "%04d-" : "%d", nr);
-	if (commit) {
-		int max_len = start_len + FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX - suffix_len;
-		struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
-		ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+	if (0 < info->reroll_count)
+		strbuf_addf(filename, "v%d-", info->reroll_count);
+	strbuf_addf(filename, "%04d-%s", nr, subject);
 
-		format_commit_message(commit, "%f", buf, &ctx);
-		if (max_len < buf->len)
-			strbuf_setlen(buf, max_len);
-		strbuf_addstr(buf, suffix);
-	}
+	if (max_len < filename->len)
+		strbuf_setlen(filename, max_len);
+	strbuf_addstr(filename, suffix);
+}
+
+void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *filename,
+		       struct commit *commit,
+		       struct rev_info *info)
+{
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	struct strbuf subject = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	format_commit_message(commit, "%f", &subject, &ctx);
+	fmt_output_subject(filename, subject.buf, info);
+	strbuf_release(&subject);
 }
 
 void log_write_email_headers(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit,
@@ -383,8 +395,10 @@
 			 mime_boundary_leader, opt->mime_boundary);
 		extra_headers = subject_buffer;
 
-		get_patch_filename(opt->numbered_files ? NULL : commit, opt->nr,
-				    opt->patch_suffix, &filename);
+		if (opt->numbered_files)
+			strbuf_addf(&filename, "%d", opt->nr);
+		else
+			fmt_output_commit(&filename, commit, opt);
 		snprintf(buffer, sizeof(buffer) - 1,
 			 "\n--%s%s\n"
 			 "Content-Type: text/x-patch;"
@@ -403,6 +417,129 @@
 	*extra_headers_p = extra_headers;
 }
 
+static void show_sig_lines(struct rev_info *opt, int status, const char *bol)
+{
+	const char *color, *reset, *eol;
+
+	color = diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt,
+				   status ? DIFF_WHITESPACE : DIFF_FRAGINFO);
+	reset = diff_get_color_opt(&opt->diffopt, DIFF_RESET);
+	while (*bol) {
+		eol = strchrnul(bol, '\n');
+		printf("%s%.*s%s%s", color, (int)(eol - bol), bol, reset,
+		       *eol ? "\n" : "");
+		bol = (*eol) ? (eol + 1) : eol;
+	}
+}
+
+static void show_signature(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status;
+
+	if (parse_signed_commit(commit->object.sha1, &payload, &signature) <= 0)
+		goto out;
+
+	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
+				      signature.buf, signature.len,
+				      &gpg_output);
+	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&gpg_output, "No signature\n");
+
+	show_sig_lines(opt, status, gpg_output.buf);
+
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
+	strbuf_release(&payload);
+	strbuf_release(&signature);
+}
+
+static int which_parent(const unsigned char *sha1, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int nth;
+	const struct commit_list *parent;
+
+	for (nth = 0, parent = commit->parents; parent; parent = parent->next) {
+		if (!hashcmp(parent->item->object.sha1, sha1))
+			return nth;
+		nth++;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int is_common_merge(const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	return (commit->parents
+		&& commit->parents->next
+		&& !commit->parents->next->next);
+}
+
+static void show_one_mergetag(struct rev_info *opt,
+			      struct commit_extra_header *extra,
+			      struct commit *commit)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct tag *tag;
+	struct strbuf verify_message;
+	int status, nth;
+	size_t payload_size, gpg_message_offset;
+
+	hash_sha1_file(extra->value, extra->len, typename(OBJ_TAG), sha1);
+	tag = lookup_tag(sha1);
+	if (!tag)
+		return; /* error message already given */
+
+	strbuf_init(&verify_message, 256);
+	if (parse_tag_buffer(tag, extra->value, extra->len))
+		strbuf_addstr(&verify_message, "malformed mergetag\n");
+	else if (is_common_merge(commit) &&
+		 !hashcmp(tag->tagged->sha1,
+			  commit->parents->next->item->object.sha1))
+		strbuf_addf(&verify_message,
+			    "merged tag '%s'\n", tag->tag);
+	else if ((nth = which_parent(tag->tagged->sha1, commit)) < 0)
+		strbuf_addf(&verify_message, "tag %s names a non-parent %s\n",
+				    tag->tag, tag->tagged->sha1);
+	else
+		strbuf_addf(&verify_message,
+			    "parent #%d, tagged '%s'\n", nth + 1, tag->tag);
+	gpg_message_offset = verify_message.len;
+
+	payload_size = parse_signature(extra->value, extra->len);
+	if ((extra->len <= payload_size) ||
+	    (verify_signed_buffer(extra->value, payload_size,
+				  extra->value + payload_size,
+				  extra->len - payload_size,
+				  &verify_message) &&
+	     verify_message.len <= gpg_message_offset)) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&verify_message, "No signature\n");
+		status = -1;
+	}
+	else if (strstr(verify_message.buf + gpg_message_offset,
+			": Good signature from "))
+		status = 0;
+	else
+		status = -1;
+
+	show_sig_lines(opt, status, verify_message.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&verify_message);
+}
+
+static void show_mergetag(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct commit_extra_header *extra, *to_free;
+
+	to_free = read_commit_extra_headers(commit, NULL);
+	for (extra = to_free; extra; extra = extra->next) {
+		if (strcmp(extra->key, "mergetag"))
+			continue; /* not a merge tag */
+		show_one_mergetag(opt, extra, commit);
+	}
+	free_commit_extra_headers(to_free);
+}
+
 void show_log(struct rev_info *opt)
 {
 	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -413,7 +550,6 @@
 	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
 
 	opt->loginfo = NULL;
-	ctx.show_notes = opt->show_notes;
 	if (!opt->verbose_header) {
 		graph_show_commit(opt->graph);
 
@@ -505,33 +641,62 @@
 			 * graph info here.
 			 */
 			show_reflog_message(opt->reflog_info,
-				    opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
-				    opt->date_mode_explicit ?
-					opt->date_mode :
-					DATE_NORMAL);
+					    opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE,
+					    opt->date_mode,
+					    opt->date_mode_explicit);
 			if (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 				return;
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (opt->show_signature) {
+		show_signature(opt, commit);
+		show_mergetag(opt, commit);
+	}
+
 	if (!commit->buffer)
 		return;
 
+	if (opt->show_notes) {
+		int raw;
+		struct strbuf notebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		raw = (opt->commit_format == CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT);
+		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &notebuf,
+				     get_log_output_encoding(), raw);
+		ctx.notes_message = notebuf.len
+			? strbuf_detach(&notebuf, NULL)
+			: xcalloc(1, 1);
+	}
+
 	/*
 	 * And then the pretty-printed message itself
 	 */
 	if (ctx.need_8bit_cte >= 0)
 		ctx.need_8bit_cte = has_non_ascii(opt->add_signoff);
 	ctx.date_mode = opt->date_mode;
+	ctx.date_mode_explicit = opt->date_mode_explicit;
 	ctx.abbrev = opt->diffopt.abbrev;
 	ctx.after_subject = extra_headers;
 	ctx.preserve_subject = opt->preserve_subject;
 	ctx.reflog_info = opt->reflog_info;
 	ctx.fmt = opt->commit_format;
+	ctx.mailmap = opt->mailmap;
+	ctx.color = opt->diffopt.use_color;
 	pretty_print_commit(&ctx, commit, &msgbuf);
 
 	if (opt->add_signoff)
 		append_signoff(&msgbuf, opt->add_signoff);
+
+	if ((ctx.fmt != CMIT_FMT_USERFORMAT) &&
+	    ctx.notes_message && *ctx.notes_message) {
+		if (ctx.fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "---\n");
+			opt->shown_dashes = 1;
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ctx.notes_message);
+	}
+
 	if (opt->show_log_size) {
 		printf("log size %i\n", (int)msgbuf.len);
 		graph_show_oneline(opt->graph);
@@ -553,14 +718,16 @@
 	if (opt->use_terminator) {
 		if (!opt->missing_newline)
 			graph_show_padding(opt->graph);
-		putchar('\n');
+		putchar(opt->diffopt.line_termination);
 	}
 
 	strbuf_release(&msgbuf);
+	free(ctx.notes_message);
 }
 
 int log_tree_diff_flush(struct rev_info *opt)
 {
+	opt->shown_dashes = 0;
 	diffcore_std(&opt->diffopt);
 
 	if (diff_queue_is_empty()) {
@@ -572,24 +739,37 @@
 	}
 
 	if (opt->loginfo && !opt->no_commit_id) {
-		/* When showing a verbose header (i.e. log message),
-		 * and not in --pretty=oneline format, we would want
-		 * an extra newline between the end of log and the
-		 * output for readability.
-		 */
 		show_log(opt);
 		if ((opt->diffopt.output_format & ~DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT) &&
 		    opt->verbose_header &&
 		    opt->commit_format != CMIT_FMT_ONELINE) {
+			/*
+			 * When showing a verbose header (i.e. log message),
+			 * and not in --pretty=oneline format, we would want
+			 * an extra newline between the end of log and the
+			 * diff/diffstat output for readability.
+			 */
 			int pch = DIFF_FORMAT_DIFFSTAT | DIFF_FORMAT_PATCH;
-			if ((pch & opt->diffopt.output_format) == pch)
-				printf("---");
 			if (opt->diffopt.output_prefix) {
 				struct strbuf *msg = NULL;
 				msg = opt->diffopt.output_prefix(&opt->diffopt,
 					opt->diffopt.output_prefix_data);
 				fwrite(msg->buf, msg->len, 1, stdout);
 			}
+
+			/*
+			 * We may have shown three-dashes line early
+			 * between notes and the log message, in which
+			 * case we only want a blank line after the
+			 * notes without (an extra) three-dashes line.
+			 * Otherwise, we show the three-dashes line if
+			 * we are showing the patch with diffstat, but
+			 * in that case, there is no extra blank line
+			 * after the three-dashes line.
+			 */
+			if (!opt->shown_dashes &&
+			    (pch & opt->diffopt.output_format) == pch)
+				printf("---");
 			putchar('\n');
 		}
 	}
@@ -599,9 +779,7 @@
 
 static int do_diff_combined(struct rev_info *opt, struct commit *commit)
 {
-	unsigned const char *sha1 = commit->object.sha1;
-
-	diff_tree_combined_merge(sha1, opt->dense_combined_merges, opt);
+	diff_tree_combined_merge(commit, opt->dense_combined_merges, opt);
 	return !opt->loginfo;
 }
 
diff --git a/log-tree.h b/log-tree.h
index 5c4cf7c..9140f48 100644
--- a/log-tree.h
+++ b/log-tree.h
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 void load_ref_decorations(int flags);
 
 #define FORMAT_PATCH_NAME_MAX 64
-void get_patch_filename(struct commit *commit, int nr, const char *suffix,
-			struct strbuf *buf);
+void fmt_output_commit(struct strbuf *, struct commit *, struct rev_info *);
+void fmt_output_subject(struct strbuf *, const char *subject, struct rev_info *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/mailmap.c b/mailmap.c
index 02fcfde..2a7b366 100644
--- a/mailmap.c
+++ b/mailmap.c
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@
 #endif
 
 const char *git_mailmap_file;
+const char *git_mailmap_blob;
 
 struct mailmap_info {
 	char *name;
@@ -70,8 +71,7 @@
 	} else {
 		/* create mailmap entry */
 		struct string_list_item *item = string_list_insert_at_index(map, index, old_email);
-		item->util = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
-		memset(item->util, 0, sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
+		item->util = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct mailmap_entry));
 		((struct mailmap_entry *)item->util)->namemap.strdup_strings = 1;
 	}
 	me = (struct mailmap_entry *)map->items[index].util;
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@
 			me->email = xstrdup(new_email);
 		}
 	} else {
-		struct mailmap_info *mi = xmalloc(sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
+		struct mailmap_info *mi = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct mailmap_info));
 		debug_mm("mailmap: adding (complex) entry for %s at index %d\n", old_email, index);
 		if (new_name)
 			mi->name = xstrdup(new_name);
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@
 	while (isspace(*nstart) && nstart < left)
 		++nstart;
 	nend = left-1;
-	while (isspace(*nend) && nend > nstart)
+	while (nend > nstart && isspace(*nend))
 		--nend;
 
 	*name = (nstart < nend ? nstart : NULL);
@@ -130,54 +130,120 @@
 	return (*right == '\0' ? NULL : right);
 }
 
-static int read_single_mailmap(struct string_list *map, const char *filename, char **repo_abbrev)
+static void read_mailmap_line(struct string_list *map, char *buffer,
+			      char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
+	if (buffer[0] == '#') {
+		static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
+		int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
+		int len = strlen(buffer);
+
+		if (!repo_abbrev)
+			return;
+
+		if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
+			buffer[--len] = 0;
+		if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
+			char *cp;
+
+			if (repo_abbrev)
+				free(*repo_abbrev);
+			*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
+
+			for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
+				; /* nothing */
+			strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
+		parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
+
+	if (email1)
+		add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
+}
+
+static int read_mailmap_file(struct string_list *map, const char *filename,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
 {
 	char buffer[1024];
-	FILE *f = (filename == NULL ? NULL : fopen(filename, "r"));
+	FILE *f;
 
-	if (f == NULL)
-		return 1;
-	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL) {
-		char *name1 = NULL, *email1 = NULL, *name2 = NULL, *email2 = NULL;
-		if (buffer[0] == '#') {
-			static const char abbrev[] = "# repo-abbrev:";
-			int abblen = sizeof(abbrev) - 1;
-			int len = strlen(buffer);
+	if (!filename)
+		return 0;
 
-			if (!repo_abbrev)
-				continue;
-
-			if (len && buffer[len - 1] == '\n')
-				buffer[--len] = 0;
-			if (!strncmp(buffer, abbrev, abblen)) {
-				char *cp;
-
-				if (repo_abbrev)
-					free(*repo_abbrev);
-				*repo_abbrev = xmalloc(len);
-
-				for (cp = buffer + abblen; isspace(*cp); cp++)
-					; /* nothing */
-				strcpy(*repo_abbrev, cp);
-			}
-			continue;
-		}
-		if ((name2 = parse_name_and_email(buffer, &name1, &email1, 0)) != NULL)
-			parse_name_and_email(name2, &name2, &email2, 1);
-
-		if (email1)
-			add_mapping(map, name1, email1, name2, email2);
+	f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	if (!f) {
+		if (errno == ENOENT)
+			return 0;
+		return error("unable to open mailmap at %s: %s",
+			     filename, strerror(errno));
 	}
+
+	while (fgets(buffer, sizeof(buffer), f) != NULL)
+		read_mailmap_line(map, buffer, repo_abbrev);
 	fclose(f);
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static void read_mailmap_buf(struct string_list *map,
+			     const char *buf, unsigned long len,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	while (len) {
+		const char *end = strchrnul(buf, '\n');
+		unsigned long linelen = end - buf + 1;
+		char *line = xmemdupz(buf, linelen);
+
+		read_mailmap_line(map, line, repo_abbrev);
+
+		free(line);
+		buf += linelen;
+		len -= linelen;
+	}
+}
+
+static int read_mailmap_blob(struct string_list *map,
+			     const char *name,
+			     char **repo_abbrev)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	char *buf;
+	unsigned long size;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	if (!name)
+		return 0;
+	if (get_sha1(name, sha1) < 0)
+		return 0;
+
+	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	if (!buf)
+		return error("unable to read mailmap object at %s", name);
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		return error("mailmap is not a blob: %s", name);
+
+	read_mailmap_buf(map, buf, size, repo_abbrev);
+
+	free(buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev)
 {
+	int err = 0;
+
 	map->strdup_strings = 1;
-	/* each failure returns 1, so >1 means both calls failed */
-	return read_single_mailmap(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev) +
-	       read_single_mailmap(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev) > 1;
+	map->cmp = strcasecmp;
+
+	if (!git_mailmap_blob && is_bare_repository())
+		git_mailmap_blob = "HEAD:.mailmap";
+
+	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, ".mailmap", repo_abbrev);
+	err |= read_mailmap_blob(map, git_mailmap_blob, repo_abbrev);
+	err |= read_mailmap_file(map, git_mailmap_file, repo_abbrev);
+	return err;
 }
 
 void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map)
@@ -188,58 +254,95 @@
 	debug_mm("mailmap: cleared\n");
 }
 
-int map_user(struct string_list *map,
-	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name)
+/*
+ * Look for an entry in map that match string[0:len]; string[len]
+ * does not have to be NUL (but it could be).
+ */
+static struct string_list_item *lookup_prefix(struct string_list *map,
+					      const char *string, size_t len)
 {
-	char *p;
+	int i = string_list_find_insert_index(map, string, 1);
+	if (i < 0) {
+		/* exact match */
+		i = -1 - i;
+		if (!string[len])
+			return &map->items[i];
+		/*
+		 * that map entry matches exactly to the string, including
+		 * the cruft at the end beyond "len".  That is not a match
+		 * with string[0:len] that we are looking for.
+		 */
+	} else if (!string[len]) {
+		/*
+		 * asked with the whole string, and got nothing.  No
+		 * matching entry can exist in the map.
+		 */
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * i is at the exact match to an overlong key, or location the
+	 * overlong key would be inserted, which must come after the
+	 * real location of the key if one exists.
+	 */
+	while (0 <= --i && i < map->nr) {
+		int cmp = strncasecmp(map->items[i].string, string, len);
+		if (cmp < 0)
+			/*
+			 * "i" points at a key definitely below the prefix;
+			 * the map does not have string[0:len] in it.
+			 */
+			break;
+		else if (!cmp && !map->items[i].string[len])
+			/* found it */
+			return &map->items[i];
+		/*
+		 * otherwise, the string at "i" may be string[0:len]
+		 * followed by a string that sorts later than string[len:];
+		 * keep trying.
+		 */
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+int map_user(struct string_list *map,
+			 const char **email, size_t *emaillen,
+			 const char **name, size_t *namelen)
+{
 	struct string_list_item *item;
 	struct mailmap_entry *me;
-	char buf[1024], *mailbuf;
-	int i;
 
-	/* figure out space requirement for email */
-	p = strchr(email, '>');
-	if (!p) {
-		/* email passed in might not be wrapped in <>, but end with a \0 */
-		p = memchr(email, '\0', maxlen_email);
-		if (!p)
-			return 0;
-	}
-	if (p - email + 1 < sizeof(buf))
-		mailbuf = buf;
-	else
-		mailbuf = xmalloc(p - email + 1);
+	debug_mm("map_user: map '%.*s' <%.*s>\n",
+		 *name, *namelen, *emaillen, *email);
 
-	/* downcase the email address */
-	for (i = 0; i < p - email; i++)
-		mailbuf[i] = tolower(email[i]);
-	mailbuf[i] = 0;
-
-	debug_mm("map_user: map '%s' <%s>\n", name, mailbuf);
-	item = string_list_lookup(map, mailbuf);
+	item = lookup_prefix(map, *email, *emaillen);
 	if (item != NULL) {
 		me = (struct mailmap_entry *)item->util;
 		if (me->namemap.nr) {
 			/* The item has multiple items, so we'll look up on name too */
 			/* If the name is not found, we choose the simple entry      */
-			struct string_list_item *subitem = string_list_lookup(&me->namemap, name);
+			struct string_list_item *subitem;
+			subitem = lookup_prefix(&me->namemap, *name, *namelen);
 			if (subitem)
 				item = subitem;
 		}
 	}
-	if (mailbuf != buf)
-		free(mailbuf);
 	if (item != NULL) {
 		struct mailmap_info *mi = (struct mailmap_info *)item->util;
-		if (mi->name == NULL && (mi->email == NULL || maxlen_email == 0)) {
+		if (mi->name == NULL && mi->email == NULL) {
 			debug_mm("map_user:  -- (no simple mapping)\n");
 			return 0;
 		}
-		if (maxlen_email && mi->email)
-			strlcpy(email, mi->email, maxlen_email);
-		if (maxlen_name && mi->name)
-			strlcpy(name, mi->name, maxlen_name);
-		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%s' <%s>\n", name, mi->email ? mi->email : "");
+		if (mi->email) {
+				*email = mi->email;
+				*emaillen = strlen(*email);
+		}
+		if (mi->name) {
+				*name = mi->name;
+				*namelen = strlen(*name);
+		}
+		debug_mm("map_user:  to '%.*s' <.*%s>\n", *namelen, *name,
+				 *emaillen, *email);
 		return 1;
 	}
 	debug_mm("map_user:  --\n");
diff --git a/mailmap.h b/mailmap.h
index d5c3664..ed7c93b 100644
--- a/mailmap.h
+++ b/mailmap.h
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
 int read_mailmap(struct string_list *map, char **repo_abbrev);
 void clear_mailmap(struct string_list *map);
 
-int map_user(struct string_list *mailmap,
-	     char *email, int maxlen_email, char *name, int maxlen_name);
+int map_user(struct string_list *map,
+			 const char **email, size_t *emaillen, const char **name, size_t *namelen);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/merge-file.c b/merge-blobs.c
similarity index 94%
rename from merge-file.c
rename to merge-blobs.c
index 7845528..57211bc 100644
--- a/merge-file.c
+++ b/merge-blobs.c
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 #include "xdiff-interface.h"
 #include "ll-merge.h"
 #include "blob.h"
-#include "merge-file.h"
+#include "merge-blobs.h"
 
 static int fill_mmfile_blob(mmfile_t *f, struct blob *obj)
 {
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@
 	return xdi_diff(f1, f2, &xpp, &xecfg, &ecb);
 }
 
-void *merge_file(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct blob *their, unsigned long *size)
+void *merge_blobs(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our, struct blob *their, unsigned long *size)
 {
 	void *res = NULL;
 	mmfile_t f1, f2, common;
diff --git a/merge-blobs.h b/merge-blobs.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..62b569e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/merge-blobs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+#ifndef MERGE_BLOBS_H
+#define MERGE_BLOBS_H
+
+#include "blob.h"
+
+extern void *merge_blobs(const char *, struct blob *, struct blob *, struct blob *, unsigned long *);
+
+#endif /* MERGE_BLOBS_H */
diff --git a/merge-file.h b/merge-file.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 9b3b83a..0000000
--- a/merge-file.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,7 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef MERGE_FILE_H
-#define MERGE_FILE_H
-
-extern void *merge_file(const char *path, struct blob *base, struct blob *our,
-			struct blob *their, unsigned long *size);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/merge-recursive.c b/merge-recursive.c
index cc664c3..33ba5dc 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.c
+++ b/merge-recursive.c
@@ -38,16 +38,15 @@
 	return lookup_tree(shifted);
 }
 
-/*
- * A virtual commit has (const char *)commit->util set to the name.
- */
-
 static struct commit *make_virtual_commit(struct tree *tree, const char *comment)
 {
 	struct commit *commit = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct commit));
+	struct merge_remote_desc *desc = xmalloc(sizeof(*desc));
+
+	desc->name = comment;
+	desc->obj = (struct object *)commit;
 	commit->tree = tree;
-	commit->util = (void*)comment;
-	/* avoid warnings */
+	commit->util = desc;
 	commit->object.parsed = 1;
 	return commit;
 }
@@ -184,11 +183,11 @@
 	for (i = o->call_depth; i--;)
 		fputs("  ", stdout);
 	if (commit->util)
-		printf("virtual %s\n", (char *)commit->util);
+		printf("virtual %s\n", merge_remote_util(commit)->name);
 	else {
 		printf("%s ", find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 		if (parse_commit(commit) != 0)
-			printf("(bad commit)\n");
+			printf(_("(bad commit)\n"));
 		else {
 			const char *title;
 			int len = find_commit_subject(commit->buffer, &title);
@@ -204,7 +203,7 @@
 	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	ce = make_cache_entry(mode, sha1 ? sha1 : null_sha1, path, stage, refresh);
 	if (!ce)
-		return error("addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'", path);
+		return error(_("addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"), path);
 	return add_cache_entry(ce, options);
 }
 
@@ -265,8 +264,8 @@
 
 	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree) &&
 	    cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree,
-			      active_cache, active_nr, 0, 0) < 0)
-		die("error building trees");
+			      active_cache, active_nr, 0) < 0)
+		die(_("error building trees"));
 
 	result = lookup_tree(active_cache_tree->sha1);
 
@@ -486,6 +485,7 @@
 	renames = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct string_list));
 	diff_setup(&opts);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opts, RECURSIVE);
+	DIFF_OPT_CLR(&opts, RENAME_EMPTY);
 	opts.detect_rename = DIFF_DETECT_RENAME;
 	opts.rename_limit = o->merge_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->merge_rename_limit :
 			    o->diff_rename_limit >= 0 ? o->diff_rename_limit :
@@ -493,8 +493,7 @@
 	opts.rename_score = o->rename_score;
 	opts.show_rename_progress = o->show_rename_progress;
 	opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&opts) < 0)
-		die("diff setup failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&opts);
 	diff_tree_sha1(o_tree->object.sha1, tree->object.sha1, "", &opts);
 	diffcore_std(&opts);
 	if (opts.needed_rename_limit > o->needed_rename_limit)
@@ -614,23 +613,6 @@
 	return newpath;
 }
 
-static void flush_buffer(int fd, const char *buf, unsigned long size)
-{
-	while (size > 0) {
-		long ret = write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
-		if (ret < 0) {
-			/* Ignore epipe */
-			if (errno == EPIPE)
-				break;
-			die_errno("merge-recursive");
-		} else if (!ret) {
-			die("merge-recursive: disk full?");
-		}
-		size -= ret;
-		buf += ret;
-	}
-}
-
 static int dir_in_way(const char *path, int check_working_copy)
 {
 	int pos, pathlen = strlen(path);
@@ -687,7 +669,7 @@
 static int make_room_for_path(struct merge_options *o, const char *path)
 {
 	int status, i;
-	const char *msg = "failed to create path '%s'%s";
+	const char *msg = _("failed to create path '%s'%s");
 
 	/* Unlink any D/F conflict files that are in the way */
 	for (i = 0; i < o->df_conflict_file_set.nr; i++) {
@@ -698,7 +680,7 @@
 		    path[df_pathlen] == '/' &&
 		    strncmp(path, df_path, df_pathlen) == 0) {
 			output(o, 3,
-			       "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n",
+			       _("Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"),
 			       df_path);
 			unlink(df_path);
 			unsorted_string_list_delete_item(&o->df_conflict_file_set,
@@ -712,7 +694,7 @@
 	if (status) {
 		if (status == -3) {
 			/* something else exists */
-			error(msg, path, ": perhaps a D/F conflict?");
+			error(msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 			return -1;
 		}
 		die(msg, path, "");
@@ -723,7 +705,7 @@
 	 * tracking it.
 	 */
 	if (would_lose_untracked(path))
-		return error("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'",
+		return error(_("refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"),
 			     path);
 
 	/* Successful unlink is good.. */
@@ -733,7 +715,7 @@
 	if (errno == ENOENT)
 		return 0;
 	/* .. but not some other error (who really cares what?) */
-	return error(msg, path, ": perhaps a D/F conflict?");
+	return error(msg, path, _(": perhaps a D/F conflict?"));
 }
 
 static void update_file_flags(struct merge_options *o,
@@ -763,9 +745,9 @@
 
 		buf = read_sha1_file(sha, &type, &size);
 		if (!buf)
-			die("cannot read object %s '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+			die(_("cannot read object %s '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
 		if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
-			die("blob expected for %s '%s'", sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
+			die(_("blob expected for %s '%s'"), sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
 		if (S_ISREG(mode)) {
 			struct strbuf strbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 			if (convert_to_working_tree(path, buf, size, &strbuf)) {
@@ -788,18 +770,18 @@
 				mode = 0666;
 			fd = open(path, O_WRONLY | O_TRUNC | O_CREAT, mode);
 			if (fd < 0)
-				die_errno("failed to open '%s'", path);
-			flush_buffer(fd, buf, size);
+				die_errno(_("failed to open '%s'"), path);
+			write_in_full(fd, buf, size);
 			close(fd);
 		} else if (S_ISLNK(mode)) {
 			char *lnk = xmemdupz(buf, size);
 			safe_create_leading_directories_const(path);
 			unlink(path);
 			if (symlink(lnk, path))
-				die_errno("failed to symlink '%s'", path);
+				die_errno(_("failed to symlink '%s'"), path);
 			free(lnk);
 		} else
-			die("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'",
+			die(_("do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"),
 			    mode, sha1_to_hex(sha), path);
 		free(buf);
 	}
@@ -862,14 +844,14 @@
 	if (strcmp(a->path, b->path) ||
 	    (o->ancestor != NULL && strcmp(a->path, one->path) != 0)) {
 		base_name = o->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
-			xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", o->ancestor, one->path));
-		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch1, a->path));
-		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s:%s", branch2, b->path));
+			mkpathdup("%s:%s", o->ancestor, one->path);
+		name1 = mkpathdup("%s:%s", branch1, a->path);
+		name2 = mkpathdup("%s:%s", branch2, b->path);
 	} else {
 		base_name = o->ancestor == NULL ? NULL :
-			xstrdup(mkpath("%s", o->ancestor));
-		name1 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch1));
-		name2 = xstrdup(mkpath("%s", branch2));
+			mkpathdup("%s", o->ancestor);
+		name1 = mkpathdup("%s", branch1);
+		name2 = mkpathdup("%s", branch2);
 	}
 
 	read_mmblob(&orig, one->sha1);
@@ -879,6 +861,7 @@
 	merge_status = ll_merge(result_buf, a->path, &orig, base_name,
 				&src1, name1, &src2, name2, &ll_opts);
 
+	free(base_name);
 	free(name1);
 	free(name2);
 	free(orig.ptr);
@@ -936,11 +919,11 @@
 						  branch1, branch2);
 
 			if ((merge_status < 0) || !result_buf.ptr)
-				die("Failed to execute internal merge");
+				die(_("Failed to execute internal merge"));
 
 			if (write_sha1_file(result_buf.ptr, result_buf.size,
 					    blob_type, result.sha))
-				die("Unable to add %s to database",
+				die(_("Unable to add %s to database"),
 				    a->path);
 
 			free(result_buf.ptr);
@@ -956,7 +939,7 @@
 			if (!sha_eq(a->sha1, b->sha1))
 				result.clean = 0;
 		} else {
-			die("unsupported object type in the tree");
+			die(_("unsupported object type in the tree"));
 		}
 	}
 
@@ -993,7 +976,7 @@
 	return mfi;
 }
 
-static struct merge_file_info merge_file(struct merge_options *o,
+static struct merge_file_info merge_file_one(struct merge_options *o,
 					 const char *path,
 					 const unsigned char *o_sha, int o_mode,
 					 const unsigned char *a_sha, int a_mode,
@@ -1034,22 +1017,32 @@
 		remove_file_from_cache(path);
 		update_file(o, 0, o_sha, o_mode, renamed ? renamed : path);
 	} else if (!a_sha) {
-		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-		       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree%s%s.",
-		       change, path, o->branch1,
-		       change_past, o->branch2, o->branch2, path,
-		       NULL == renamed ? "" : " at ",
-		       NULL == renamed ? "" : renamed);
-		update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, renamed ? renamed : path);
+		if (!renamed) {
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
+			       change, path, o->branch1, change_past,
+			       o->branch2, o->branch2, path);
+			update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, path);
+		} else {
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
+			       change, path, o->branch1, change_past,
+			       o->branch2, o->branch2, path, renamed);
+			update_file(o, 0, b_sha, b_mode, renamed);
+		}
 	} else {
-		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
-		       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree%s%s.",
-		       change, path, o->branch2,
-		       change_past, o->branch1, o->branch1, path,
-		       NULL == renamed ? "" : " at ",
-		       NULL == renamed ? "" : renamed);
-		if (renamed)
+		if (!renamed) {
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree."),
+			       change, path, o->branch2, change_past,
+			       o->branch1, o->branch1, path);
+		} else {
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s "
+			       "and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left in tree at %s."),
+			       change, path, o->branch2, change_past,
+			       o->branch1, o->branch1, path, renamed);
 			update_file(o, 0, a_sha, a_mode, renamed);
+		}
 		/*
 		 * No need to call update_file() on path when !renamed, since
 		 * that would needlessly touch path.  We could call
@@ -1085,7 +1078,7 @@
 			     orig->sha1, orig->mode,
 			     a_sha, a_mode,
 			     b_sha, b_mode,
-			     "rename", "renamed");
+			     _("rename"), _("renamed"));
 
 	if (o->call_depth) {
 		remove_file_from_cache(dest->path);
@@ -1141,7 +1134,7 @@
 	} else {
 		if (dir_in_way(rename->path, !o->call_depth)) {
 			dst_name = unique_path(o, rename->path, cur_branch);
-			output(o, 1, "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead",
+			output(o, 1, _("%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"),
 			       rename->path, other_branch, dst_name);
 		}
 	}
@@ -1163,17 +1156,17 @@
 	struct diff_filespec *a = ci->pair1->two;
 	struct diff_filespec *b = ci->pair2->two;
 
-	output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+	output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 	       "Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" "
-	       "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s",
+	       "rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"),
 	       one->path, a->path, ci->branch1,
 	       one->path, b->path, ci->branch2,
-	       o->call_depth ? " (left unresolved)" : "");
+	       o->call_depth ? _(" (left unresolved)") : "");
 	if (o->call_depth) {
 		struct merge_file_info mfi;
 		struct diff_filespec other;
 		struct diff_filespec *add;
-		mfi = merge_file(o, one->path,
+		mfi = merge_file_one(o, one->path,
 				 one->sha1, one->mode,
 				 a->sha1, a->mode,
 				 b->sha1, b->mode,
@@ -1222,9 +1215,9 @@
 	struct merge_file_info mfi_c1;
 	struct merge_file_info mfi_c2;
 
-	output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
+	output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/rename): "
 	       "Rename %s->%s in %s. "
-	       "Rename %s->%s in %s",
+	       "Rename %s->%s in %s"),
 	       a->path, c1->path, ci->branch1,
 	       b->path, c2->path, ci->branch2);
 
@@ -1252,7 +1245,7 @@
 	} else {
 		char *new_path1 = unique_path(o, path, ci->branch1);
 		char *new_path2 = unique_path(o, path, ci->branch2);
-		output(o, 1, "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead",
+		output(o, 1, _("Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"),
 		       a->path, new_path1, b->path, new_path2);
 		remove_file(o, 0, path, 0);
 		update_file(o, 0, mfi_c1.sha, mfi_c1.mode, new_path1);
@@ -1451,22 +1444,22 @@
 			} else if (!sha_eq(dst_other.sha1, null_sha1)) {
 				clean_merge = 0;
 				try_merge = 1;
-				output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. "
-				       "%s added in %s",
+				output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. "
+				       "%s added in %s"),
 				       ren1_src, ren1_dst, branch1,
 				       ren1_dst, branch2);
 				if (o->call_depth) {
 					struct merge_file_info mfi;
-					mfi = merge_file(o, ren1_dst, null_sha1, 0,
+					mfi = merge_file_one(o, ren1_dst, null_sha1, 0,
 							 ren1->pair->two->sha1, ren1->pair->two->mode,
 							 dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode,
 							 branch1, branch2);
-					output(o, 1, "Adding merged %s", ren1_dst);
+					output(o, 1, _("Adding merged %s"), ren1_dst);
 					update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, ren1_dst);
 					try_merge = 0;
 				} else {
 					char *new_path = unique_path(o, ren1_dst, branch2);
-					output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
+					output(o, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
 					update_file(o, 0, dst_other.sha1, dst_other.mode, new_path);
 					free(new_path);
 				}
@@ -1517,10 +1510,10 @@
 	unsigned long size;
 	buf = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (!buf)
-		return error("cannot read object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("cannot read object %s"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	if (type != OBJ_BLOB) {
 		free(buf);
-		return error("object %s is not a blob", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+		return error(_("object %s is not a blob"), sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 	}
 	strbuf_attach(dst, buf, size, size + 1);
 	return 0;
@@ -1568,7 +1561,7 @@
 			     o_sha, o_mode,
 			     a_sha, a_mode,
 			     b_sha, b_mode,
-			     "modify", "modified");
+			     _("modify"), _("modified"));
 }
 
 static int merge_content(struct merge_options *o,
@@ -1578,14 +1571,14 @@
 			 unsigned char *b_sha, int b_mode,
 			 struct rename_conflict_info *rename_conflict_info)
 {
-	const char *reason = "content";
+	const char *reason = _("content");
 	const char *path1 = NULL, *path2 = NULL;
 	struct merge_file_info mfi;
 	struct diff_filespec one, a, b;
 	unsigned df_conflict_remains = 0;
 
 	if (!o_sha) {
-		reason = "add/add";
+		reason = _("add/add");
 		o_sha = (unsigned char *)null_sha1;
 	}
 	one.path = a.path = b.path = (char *)path;
@@ -1619,7 +1612,7 @@
 	if (mfi.clean && !df_conflict_remains &&
 	    sha_eq(mfi.sha, a_sha) && mfi.mode == a_mode) {
 		int path_renamed_outside_HEAD;
-		output(o, 3, "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)", path);
+		output(o, 3, _("Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"), path);
 		/*
 		 * The content merge resulted in the same file contents we
 		 * already had.  We can return early if those file contents
@@ -1633,12 +1626,12 @@
 			return mfi.clean;
 		}
 	} else
-		output(o, 2, "Auto-merging %s", path);
+		output(o, 2, _("Auto-merging %s"), path);
 
 	if (!mfi.clean) {
 		if (S_ISGITLINK(mfi.mode))
-			reason = "submodule";
-		output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s",
+			reason = _("submodule");
+		output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"),
 				reason, path);
 		if (rename_conflict_info && !df_conflict_remains)
 			update_stages(path, &one, &a, &b);
@@ -1664,7 +1657,7 @@
 
 		}
 		new_path = unique_path(o, path, rename_conflict_info->branch1);
-		output(o, 1, "Adding as %s instead", new_path);
+		output(o, 1, _("Adding as %s instead"), new_path);
 		update_file(o, 0, mfi.sha, mfi.mode, new_path);
 		free(new_path);
 		mfi.clean = 0;
@@ -1728,7 +1721,7 @@
 			/* Deleted in both or deleted in one and
 			 * unchanged in the other */
 			if (a_sha)
-				output(o, 2, "Removing %s", path);
+				output(o, 2, _("Removing %s"), path);
 			/* do not touch working file if it did not exist */
 			remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_sha);
 		} else {
@@ -1753,19 +1746,19 @@
 			other_branch = o->branch2;
 			mode = a_mode;
 			sha = a_sha;
-			conf = "file/directory";
+			conf = _("file/directory");
 		} else {
 			add_branch = o->branch2;
 			other_branch = o->branch1;
 			mode = b_mode;
 			sha = b_sha;
-			conf = "directory/file";
+			conf = _("directory/file");
 		}
 		if (dir_in_way(path, !o->call_depth)) {
 			char *new_path = unique_path(o, path, add_branch);
 			clean_merge = 0;
-			output(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
-			       "Adding %s as %s",
+			output(o, 1, _("CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. "
+			       "Adding %s as %s"),
 			       conf, path, other_branch, path, new_path);
 			if (o->call_depth)
 				remove_file_from_cache(path);
@@ -1774,7 +1767,7 @@
 				remove_file_from_cache(path);
 			free(new_path);
 		} else {
-			output(o, 2, "Adding %s", path);
+			output(o, 2, _("Adding %s"), path);
 			/* do not overwrite file if already present */
 			update_file_flags(o, sha, mode, path, 1, !a_sha);
 		}
@@ -1791,7 +1784,7 @@
 		 */
 		remove_file(o, 1, path, !a_mode);
 	} else
-		die("Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen.");
+		die(_("Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."));
 
 	return clean_merge;
 }
@@ -1810,7 +1803,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (sha_eq(common->object.sha1, merge->object.sha1)) {
-		output(o, 0, "Already up-to-date!");
+		output(o, 0, _("Already up-to-date!"));
 		*result = head;
 		return 1;
 	}
@@ -1819,7 +1812,7 @@
 
 	if (code != 0) {
 		if (show(o, 4) || o->call_depth)
-			die("merging of trees %s and %s failed",
+			die(_("merging of trees %s and %s failed"),
 			    sha1_to_hex(head->object.sha1),
 			    sha1_to_hex(merge->object.sha1));
 		else
@@ -1849,7 +1842,7 @@
 		for (i = 0; i < entries->nr; i++) {
 			struct stage_data *e = entries->items[i].util;
 			if (!e->processed)
-				die("Unprocessed path??? %s",
+				die(_("Unprocessed path??? %s"),
 				    entries->items[i].string);
 		}
 
@@ -1894,7 +1887,7 @@
 	int clean;
 
 	if (show(o, 4)) {
-		output(o, 4, "Merging:");
+		output(o, 4, _("Merging:"));
 		output_commit_title(o, h1);
 		output_commit_title(o, h2);
 	}
@@ -1905,7 +1898,10 @@
 	}
 
 	if (show(o, 5)) {
-		output(o, 5, "found %u common ancestor(s):", commit_list_count(ca));
+		unsigned cnt = commit_list_count(ca);
+
+		output(o, 5, Q_("found %u common ancestor:",
+				"found %u common ancestors:", cnt), cnt);
 		for (iter = ca; iter; iter = iter->next)
 			output_commit_title(o, iter->item);
 	}
@@ -1915,7 +1911,7 @@
 		/* if there is no common ancestor, use an empty tree */
 		struct tree *tree;
 
-		tree = lookup_tree((const unsigned char *)EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+		tree = lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
 		merged_common_ancestors = make_virtual_commit(tree, "ancestor");
 	}
 
@@ -1941,7 +1937,7 @@
 		o->call_depth--;
 
 		if (!merged_common_ancestors)
-			die("merge returned no commit");
+			die(_("merge returned no commit"));
 	}
 
 	discard_cache();
@@ -1998,7 +1994,7 @@
 		for (i = 0; i < num_base_list; ++i) {
 			struct commit *base;
 			if (!(base = get_ref(base_list[i], sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]))))
-				return error("Could not parse object '%s'",
+				return error(_("Could not parse object '%s'"),
 					sha1_to_hex(base_list[i]));
 			commit_list_insert(base, &ca);
 		}
@@ -2010,7 +2006,7 @@
 	if (active_cache_changed &&
 			(write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
 			 commit_locked_index(lock)))
-		return error("Unable to write index.");
+		return error(_("Unable to write index."));
 
 	return clean ? 0 : 1;
 }
@@ -2069,9 +2065,9 @@
 	else if (!prefixcmp(s, "subtree="))
 		o->subtree_shift = s + strlen("subtree=");
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "patience"))
-		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF;
+		o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, PATIENCE_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "histogram"))
-		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF;
+		o->xdl_opts = DIFF_WITH_ALG(o, HISTOGRAM_DIFF);
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-space-change"))
 		o->xdl_opts |= XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE;
 	else if (!strcmp(s, "ignore-all-space"))
diff --git a/merge-recursive.h b/merge-recursive.h
index 58f3435..9e090a3 100644
--- a/merge-recursive.h
+++ b/merge-recursive.h
@@ -59,9 +59,4 @@
 
 int parse_merge_opt(struct merge_options *out, const char *s);
 
-/* builtin/merge.c */
-int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
-		const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
-		const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes);
-
 #endif
diff --git a/merge.c b/merge.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70f1000
--- /dev/null
+++ b/merge.c
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "tree-walk.h"
+#include "unpack-trees.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+
+static const char *merge_argument(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (commit)
+		return sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1);
+	else
+		return EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX;
+}
+
+int try_merge_command(const char *strategy, size_t xopts_nr,
+		      const char **xopts, struct commit_list *common,
+		      const char *head_arg, struct commit_list *remotes)
+{
+	const char **args;
+	int i = 0, x = 0, ret;
+	struct commit_list *j;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	args = xmalloc((4 + xopts_nr + commit_list_count(common) +
+			commit_list_count(remotes)) * sizeof(char *));
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "merge-%s", strategy);
+	args[i++] = buf.buf;
+	for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++) {
+		char *s = xmalloc(strlen(xopts[x])+2+1);
+		strcpy(s, "--");
+		strcpy(s+2, xopts[x]);
+		args[i++] = s;
+	}
+	for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
+		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
+	args[i++] = "--";
+	args[i++] = head_arg;
+	for (j = remotes; j; j = j->next)
+		args[i++] = xstrdup(merge_argument(j->item));
+	args[i] = NULL;
+	ret = run_command_v_opt(args, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	i = 1;
+	for (x = 0; x < xopts_nr; x++)
+		free((void *)args[i++]);
+	for (j = common; j; j = j->next)
+		free((void *)args[i++]);
+	i += 2;
+	for (j = remotes; j; j = j->next)
+		free((void *)args[i++]);
+	free(args);
+	discard_cache();
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die(_("failed to read the cache"));
+	resolve_undo_clear();
+
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int checkout_fast_forward(const unsigned char *head,
+			  const unsigned char *remote,
+			  int overwrite_ignore)
+{
+	struct tree *trees[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	struct unpack_trees_options opts;
+	struct tree_desc t[MAX_UNPACK_TREES];
+	int i, fd, nr_trees = 0;
+	struct dir_struct dir;
+	struct lock_file *lock_file = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct lock_file));
+
+	refresh_cache(REFRESH_QUIET);
+
+	fd = hold_locked_index(lock_file, 1);
+
+	memset(&trees, 0, sizeof(trees));
+	memset(&opts, 0, sizeof(opts));
+	memset(&t, 0, sizeof(t));
+	if (overwrite_ignore) {
+		memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
+		dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+		setup_standard_excludes(&dir);
+		opts.dir = &dir;
+	}
+
+	opts.head_idx = 1;
+	opts.src_index = &the_index;
+	opts.dst_index = &the_index;
+	opts.update = 1;
+	opts.verbose_update = 1;
+	opts.merge = 1;
+	opts.fn = twoway_merge;
+	setup_unpack_trees_porcelain(&opts, "merge");
+
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	trees[nr_trees] = parse_tree_indirect(remote);
+	if (!trees[nr_trees++])
+		return -1;
+	for (i = 0; i < nr_trees; i++) {
+		parse_tree(trees[i]);
+		init_tree_desc(t+i, trees[i]->buffer, trees[i]->size);
+	}
+	if (unpack_trees(nr_trees, t, &opts))
+		return -1;
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+		commit_locked_index(lock_file))
+		die(_("unable to write new index file"));
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/mergesort.c b/mergesort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e5fdf2e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergesort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,73 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+
+struct mergesort_sublist {
+	void *ptr;
+	unsigned long len;
+};
+
+static void *get_nth_next(void *list, unsigned long n,
+			  void *(*get_next_fn)(const void *))
+{
+	while (n-- && list)
+		list = get_next_fn(list);
+	return list;
+}
+
+static void *pop_item(struct mergesort_sublist *l,
+		      void *(*get_next_fn)(const void *))
+{
+	void *p = l->ptr;
+	l->ptr = get_next_fn(l->ptr);
+	l->len = l->ptr ? (l->len - 1) : 0;
+	return p;
+}
+
+void *llist_mergesort(void *list,
+		      void *(*get_next_fn)(const void *),
+		      void (*set_next_fn)(void *, void *),
+		      int (*compare_fn)(const void *, const void *))
+{
+	unsigned long l;
+
+	if (!list)
+		return NULL;
+	for (l = 1; ; l *= 2) {
+		void *curr;
+		struct mergesort_sublist p, q;
+
+		p.ptr = list;
+		q.ptr = get_nth_next(p.ptr, l, get_next_fn);
+		if (!q.ptr)
+			break;
+		p.len = q.len = l;
+
+		if (compare_fn(p.ptr, q.ptr) > 0)
+			list = curr = pop_item(&q, get_next_fn);
+		else
+			list = curr = pop_item(&p, get_next_fn);
+
+		while (p.ptr) {
+			while (p.len || q.len) {
+				void *prev = curr;
+
+				if (!p.len)
+					curr = pop_item(&q, get_next_fn);
+				else if (!q.len)
+					curr = pop_item(&p, get_next_fn);
+				else if (compare_fn(p.ptr, q.ptr) > 0)
+					curr = pop_item(&q, get_next_fn);
+				else
+					curr = pop_item(&p, get_next_fn);
+				set_next_fn(prev, curr);
+			}
+			p.ptr = q.ptr;
+			p.len = l;
+			q.ptr = get_nth_next(p.ptr, l, get_next_fn);
+			q.len = q.ptr ? l : 0;
+
+		}
+		set_next_fn(curr, NULL);
+	}
+	return list;
+}
diff --git a/mergesort.h b/mergesort.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..644cff1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergesort.h
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#ifndef MERGESORT_H
+#define MERGESORT_H
+
+/*
+ * Sort linked list in place.
+ * - get_next_fn() returns the next element given an element of a linked list.
+ * - set_next_fn() takes two elements A and B, and makes B the "next" element
+ *   of A on the list.
+ * - compare_fn() takes two elements A and B, and returns negative, 0, positive
+ *   as the same sign as "subtracting" B from A.
+ */
+void *llist_mergesort(void *list,
+		      void *(*get_next_fn)(const void *),
+		      void (*set_next_fn)(void *, void *),
+		      int (*compare_fn)(const void *, const void *));
+
+#endif
diff --git a/mergetools/codecompare b/mergetools/codecompare
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f0486b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/codecompare
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+diff_cmd () {
+	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+}
+
+merge_cmd () {
+	touch "$BACKUP"
+	if $base_present
+	then
+		"$merge_tool_path" -MF="$LOCAL" -TF="$REMOTE" -BF="$BASE" \
+			-RF="$MERGED"
+	else
+		"$merge_tool_path" -MF="$LOCAL" -TF="$REMOTE" \
+			-RF="$MERGED"
+	fi
+	check_unchanged
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path() {
+	if merge_mode
+	then
+		echo CodeMerge
+	else
+		echo CodeCompare
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/defaults b/mergetools/defaults
index 1d8f2a3..21e63ec 100644
--- a/mergetools/defaults
+++ b/mergetools/defaults
@@ -8,36 +8,12 @@
 }
 
 diff_cmd () {
-	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
-	if test -z "$merge_tool_cmd"
-	then
-		status=1
-		break
-	fi
-	( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-	status=$?
+	status=1
 	return $status
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
-	merge_tool_cmd="$(get_merge_tool_cmd "$1")"
-	if test -z "$merge_tool_cmd"
-	then
-		status=1
-		break
-	fi
-	trust_exit_code="$(git config --bool \
-		mergetool."$1".trustExitCode || echo false)"
-	if test "$trust_exit_code" = "false"
-	then
-		touch "$BACKUP"
-		( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-		status=$?
-		check_unchanged
-	else
-		( eval $merge_tool_cmd )
-		status=$?
-	fi
+	status=1
 	return $status
 }
 
diff --git a/mergetools/deltawalker b/mergetools/deltawalker
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3c71b6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/mergetools/deltawalker
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+diff_cmd () {
+	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+merge_cmd () {
+	# Adding $(pwd)/ in front of $MERGED should not be necessary.
+	# However without it, DeltaWalker (at least v1.9.8 on Windows)
+	# crashes with a JRE exception.  The DeltaWalker user manual,
+	# shows $(pwd)/ whenever the '-merged' options is given.
+	# Adding it here seems to work around the problem.
+	if $base_present
+	then
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$BASE" -merged="$(pwd)/$MERGED"
+	else
+		"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" -merged="$(pwd)/$MERGED"
+	fi >/dev/null 2>&1
+}
+
+translate_merge_tool_path() {
+	echo DeltaWalker
+}
diff --git a/mergetools/meld b/mergetools/meld
index eaa115c..cb672a5 100644
--- a/mergetools/meld
+++ b/mergetools/meld
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 	meld_path="$(git config mergetool.meld.path)"
 	meld_path="${meld_path:-meld}"
 
-	if "$meld_path" --output /dev/null --help >/dev/null 2>&1
+	if "$meld_path" --help 2>&1 | grep -e --output >/dev/null
 	then
 		meld_has_output_option=true
 	else
diff --git a/mergetools/p4merge b/mergetools/p4merge
index 1a45c1b..52f7c8f 100644
--- a/mergetools/p4merge
+++ b/mergetools/p4merge
@@ -1,5 +1,22 @@
 diff_cmd () {
+	empty_file=
+
+	# p4merge does not like /dev/null
+	if test "/dev/null" = "$LOCAL"
+	then
+		LOCAL="$(create_empty_file)"
+	fi
+	if test "/dev/null" = "$REMOTE"
+	then
+		REMOTE="$(create_empty_file)"
+	fi
+
 	"$merge_tool_path" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE"
+
+	if test -n "$empty_file"
+	then
+		rm -f "$empty_file"
+	fi
 }
 
 merge_cmd () {
@@ -8,3 +25,10 @@
 	"$merge_tool_path" "$BASE" "$LOCAL" "$REMOTE" "$MERGED"
 	check_unchanged
 }
+
+create_empty_file () {
+	empty_file="${TMPDIR:-/tmp}/git-difftool-p4merge-empty-file.$$"
+	>"$empty_file"
+
+	printf "$empty_file"
+}
diff --git a/name-hash.c b/name-hash.c
index 225dd76..d8d25c2 100644
--- a/name-hash.c
+++ b/name-hash.c
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
 	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_HASHED)
 		return;
 	ce->ce_flags |= CE_HASHED;
-	ce->next = NULL;
+	ce->next = ce->dir_next = NULL;
 	hash = hash_name(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
 	pos = insert_hash(hash, ce, &istate->name_hash);
 	if (pos) {
diff --git a/notes-cache.c b/notes-cache.c
index 4c8984e..eabe4a0 100644
--- a/notes-cache.c
+++ b/notes-cache.c
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
 {
 	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
 	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	struct strbuf msg = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	if (!c || !c->tree.initialized || !c->tree.ref || !*c->tree.ref)
 		return -1;
@@ -56,7 +57,9 @@
 
 	if (write_notes_tree(&c->tree, tree_sha1))
 		return -1;
-	if (commit_tree(c->validity, tree_sha1, NULL, commit_sha1, NULL) < 0)
+	strbuf_attach(&msg, c->validity,
+		      strlen(c->validity), strlen(c->validity) + 1);
+	if (commit_tree(&msg, tree_sha1, NULL, commit_sha1, NULL, NULL) < 0)
 		return -1;
 	if (update_ref("update notes cache", c->tree.ref, commit_sha1, NULL,
 		       0, QUIET_ON_ERR) < 0)
diff --git a/notes-merge.c b/notes-merge.c
index e9e4199..0f67bd3 100644
--- a/notes-merge.c
+++ b/notes-merge.c
@@ -21,14 +21,6 @@
 	o->verbosity = NOTES_MERGE_VERBOSITY_DEFAULT;
 }
 
-#define OUTPUT(o, v, ...) \
-	do { \
-		if ((o)->verbosity >= (v)) { \
-			printf(__VA_ARGS__); \
-			puts(""); \
-		} \
-	} while (0)
-
 static int path_to_sha1(const char *path, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char hex_sha1[40];
@@ -134,8 +126,7 @@
 	diff_setup(&opt);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&opt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&opt);
 	diff_tree_sha1(base, remote, "", &opt);
 	diffcore_std(&opt);
 
@@ -198,8 +189,7 @@
 	diff_setup(&opt);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&opt, RECURSIVE);
 	opt.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&opt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&opt);
 	diff_tree_sha1(base, local, "", &opt);
 	diffcore_std(&opt);
 
@@ -275,7 +265,8 @@
 		 * Must establish NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE.
 		 * Abort if NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE already exists
 		 */
-		if (file_exists(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE))) {
+		if (file_exists(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE)) &&
+		    !is_empty_dir(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE))) {
 			if (advice_resolve_conflict)
 				die("You have not concluded your previous "
 				    "notes merge (%s exists).\nPlease, use "
@@ -392,21 +383,26 @@
 
 	strbuf_addf(&(o->commit_msg), "\t%s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 
-	OUTPUT(o, 2, "Auto-merging notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+	if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+		printf("Auto-merging notes for %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 	check_notes_merge_worktree(o);
 	if (is_null_sha1(p->local)) {
 		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->remote */
 		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
-		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
-		       "deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
-		       "left in tree.", sha1_to_hex(p->obj), lref, rref, rref);
+		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
+			printf("CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
+				"deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
+				"left in tree.\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(p->obj), lref, rref, rref);
 		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->remote);
 	} else if (is_null_sha1(p->remote)) {
 		/* D/F conflict, checkout p->local */
 		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
-		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
-		       "deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
-		       "left in tree.", sha1_to_hex(p->obj), rref, lref, lref);
+		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
+			printf("CONFLICT (delete/modify): Notes for object %s "
+				"deleted in %s and modified in %s. Version from %s "
+				"left in tree.\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(p->obj), rref, lref, lref);
 		write_note_to_worktree(p->obj, p->local);
 	} else {
 		/* "regular" conflict, checkout result of ll_merge() */
@@ -415,8 +411,9 @@
 			reason = "add/add";
 		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->local));
 		assert(!is_null_sha1(p->remote));
-		OUTPUT(o, 1, "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in notes for "
-		       "object %s", reason, sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 1)
+			printf("CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in notes for "
+				"object %s\n", reason, sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 		ll_merge_in_worktree(o, p);
 	}
 
@@ -438,24 +435,30 @@
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_MANUAL:
 		return merge_one_change_manual(o, p, t);
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_OURS:
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Using local notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Using local notes for %s\n",
+						sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 		/* nothing to do */
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_THEIRS:
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Using remote notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Using remote notes for %s\n",
+						sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_overwrite))
 			die("BUG: combine_notes_overwrite failed");
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_UNION:
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Concatenating local and remote notes for %s",
-		       sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Concatenating local and remote notes for %s\n",
+							sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_concatenate))
 			die("failed to concatenate notes "
 			    "(combine_notes_concatenate)");
 		return 0;
 	case NOTES_MERGE_RESOLVE_CAT_SORT_UNIQ:
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Concatenating unique lines in local and remote "
-		       "notes for %s", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Concatenating unique lines in local and remote "
+				"notes for %s\n", sha1_to_hex(p->obj));
 		if (add_note(t, p->obj, p->remote, combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq))
 			die("failed to concatenate notes "
 			    "(combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq)");
@@ -518,14 +521,17 @@
 	conflicts = merge_changes(o, changes, &num_changes, t);
 	free(changes);
 
-	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Merge result: %i unmerged notes and a %s notes tree",
-	       conflicts, t->dirty ? "dirty" : "clean");
+	if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+		printf(t->dirty ?
+		       "Merge result: %i unmerged notes and a dirty notes tree\n" :
+		       "Merge result: %i unmerged notes and a clean notes tree\n",
+		       conflicts);
 
 	return conflicts ? -1 : 1;
 }
 
 void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
-			 const char *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1)
+			 const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1)
 {
 	unsigned char tree_sha1[20];
 
@@ -546,7 +552,7 @@
 		/* else: t->ref points to nothing, assume root/orphan commit */
 	}
 
-	if (commit_tree(msg, tree_sha1, parents, result_sha1, NULL))
+	if (commit_tree(msg, tree_sha1, parents, result_sha1, NULL, NULL))
 		die("Failed to commit notes tree to database");
 }
 
@@ -568,7 +574,7 @@
 	       o->local_ref, o->remote_ref);
 
 	/* Dereference o->local_ref into local_sha1 */
-	if (!resolve_ref(o->local_ref, local_sha1, 0, NULL))
+	if (read_ref_full(o->local_ref, local_sha1, 0, NULL))
 		die("Failed to resolve local notes ref '%s'", o->local_ref);
 	else if (!check_refname_format(o->local_ref, 0) &&
 		is_null_sha1(local_sha1))
@@ -617,33 +623,40 @@
 	if (!bases) {
 		base_sha1 = null_sha1;
 		base_tree_sha1 = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN;
-		OUTPUT(o, 4, "No merge base found; doing history-less merge");
+		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+			printf("No merge base found; doing history-less merge\n");
 	} else if (!bases->next) {
 		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
 		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
-		OUTPUT(o, 4, "One merge base found (%.7s)",
-		       sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+			printf("One merge base found (%.7s)\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
 	} else {
 		/* TODO: How to handle multiple merge-bases? */
 		base_sha1 = bases->item->object.sha1;
 		base_tree_sha1 = bases->item->tree->object.sha1;
-		OUTPUT(o, 3, "Multiple merge bases found. Using the first "
-		       "(%.7s)", sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+		if (o->verbosity >= 3)
+			printf("Multiple merge bases found. Using the first "
+				"(%.7s)\n", sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
 	}
 
-	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Merging remote commit %.7s into local commit %.7s with "
-	       "merge-base %.7s", sha1_to_hex(remote->object.sha1),
-	       sha1_to_hex(local->object.sha1), sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
+	if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+		printf("Merging remote commit %.7s into local commit %.7s with "
+			"merge-base %.7s\n", sha1_to_hex(remote->object.sha1),
+			sha1_to_hex(local->object.sha1),
+			sha1_to_hex(base_sha1));
 
 	if (!hashcmp(remote->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
 		/* Already merged; result == local commit */
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Already up-to-date!");
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Already up-to-date!\n");
 		hashcpy(result_sha1, local->object.sha1);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
 	if (!hashcmp(local->object.sha1, base_sha1)) {
 		/* Fast-forward; result == remote commit */
-		OUTPUT(o, 2, "Fast-forward");
+		if (o->verbosity >= 2)
+			printf("Fast-forward\n");
 		hashcpy(result_sha1, remote->object.sha1);
 		goto found_result;
 	}
@@ -656,7 +669,7 @@
 		struct commit_list *parents = NULL;
 		commit_list_insert(remote, &parents); /* LIFO order */
 		commit_list_insert(local, &parents);
-		create_notes_commit(local_tree, parents, o->commit_msg.buf,
+		create_notes_commit(local_tree, parents, &o->commit_msg,
 				    result_sha1);
 	}
 
@@ -675,65 +688,87 @@
 {
 	/*
 	 * Iterate through files in .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE and add all
-	 * found notes to 'partial_tree'. Write the updates notes tree to
+	 * found notes to 'partial_tree'. Write the updated notes tree to
 	 * the DB, and commit the resulting tree object while reusing the
 	 * commit message and parents from 'partial_commit'.
 	 * Finally store the new commit object SHA1 into 'result_sha1'.
 	 */
-	struct dir_struct dir;
-	char *path = xstrdup(git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE "/"));
-	int path_len = strlen(path), i;
-	const char *msg = strstr(partial_commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+	DIR *dir;
+	struct dirent *e;
+	struct strbuf path = STRBUF_INIT;
+	char *msg = strstr(partial_commit->buffer, "\n\n");
+	struct strbuf sb_msg = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int baselen;
 
-	OUTPUT(o, 3, "Committing notes in notes merge worktree at %.*s",
-	       path_len - 1, path);
+	strbuf_addstr(&path, git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
+	if (o->verbosity >= 3)
+		printf("Committing notes in notes merge worktree at %s\n",
+			path.buf);
 
 	if (!msg || msg[2] == '\0')
 		die("partial notes commit has empty message");
 	msg += 2;
 
-	memset(&dir, 0, sizeof(dir));
-	read_directory(&dir, path, path_len, NULL);
-	for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
-		struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
+	dir = opendir(path.buf);
+	if (!dir)
+		die_errno("could not open %s", path.buf);
+
+	strbuf_addch(&path, '/');
+	baselen = path.len;
+	while ((e = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
 		struct stat st;
-		const char *relpath = ent->name + path_len;
 		unsigned char obj_sha1[20], blob_sha1[20];
 
-		if (ent->len - path_len != 40 || get_sha1_hex(relpath, obj_sha1)) {
-			OUTPUT(o, 3, "Skipping non-SHA1 entry '%s'", ent->name);
+		if (is_dot_or_dotdot(e->d_name))
+			continue;
+
+		if (strlen(e->d_name) != 40 || get_sha1_hex(e->d_name, obj_sha1)) {
+			if (o->verbosity >= 3)
+				printf("Skipping non-SHA1 entry '%s%s'\n",
+					path.buf, e->d_name);
 			continue;
 		}
 
+		strbuf_addstr(&path, e->d_name);
 		/* write file as blob, and add to partial_tree */
-		if (stat(ent->name, &st))
-			die_errno("Failed to stat '%s'", ent->name);
-		if (index_path(blob_sha1, ent->name, &st, HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
-			die("Failed to write blob object from '%s'", ent->name);
+		if (stat(path.buf, &st))
+			die_errno("Failed to stat '%s'", path.buf);
+		if (index_path(blob_sha1, path.buf, &st, HASH_WRITE_OBJECT))
+			die("Failed to write blob object from '%s'", path.buf);
 		if (add_note(partial_tree, obj_sha1, blob_sha1, NULL))
 			die("Failed to add resolved note '%s' to notes tree",
-			    ent->name);
-		OUTPUT(o, 4, "Added resolved note for object %s: %s",
-		       sha1_to_hex(obj_sha1), sha1_to_hex(blob_sha1));
+			    path.buf);
+		if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+			printf("Added resolved note for object %s: %s\n",
+				sha1_to_hex(obj_sha1), sha1_to_hex(blob_sha1));
+		strbuf_setlen(&path, baselen);
 	}
 
-	create_notes_commit(partial_tree, partial_commit->parents, msg,
+	strbuf_attach(&sb_msg, msg, strlen(msg), strlen(msg) + 1);
+	create_notes_commit(partial_tree, partial_commit->parents, &sb_msg,
 			    result_sha1);
-	OUTPUT(o, 4, "Finalized notes merge commit: %s",
-	       sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
-	free(path);
+	if (o->verbosity >= 4)
+		printf("Finalized notes merge commit: %s\n",
+			sha1_to_hex(result_sha1));
+	strbuf_release(&path);
+	closedir(dir);
 	return 0;
 }
 
 int notes_merge_abort(struct notes_merge_options *o)
 {
-	/* Remove .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE directory and all files within */
+	/*
+	 * Remove all files within .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE. We do not remove
+	 * the .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE directory itself, since it might be
+	 * the current working directory of the user.
+	 */
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret;
 
 	strbuf_addstr(&buf, git_path(NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE));
-	OUTPUT(o, 3, "Removing notes merge worktree at %s", buf.buf);
-	ret = remove_dir_recursively(&buf, 0);
+	if (o->verbosity >= 3)
+		printf("Removing notes merge worktree at %s/*\n", buf.buf);
+	ret = remove_dir_recursively(&buf, REMOVE_DIR_KEEP_TOPLEVEL);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return ret;
 }
diff --git a/notes-merge.h b/notes-merge.h
index 168a672..0c11b17 100644
--- a/notes-merge.h
+++ b/notes-merge.h
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
  * The resulting commit SHA1 is stored in result_sha1.
  */
 void create_notes_commit(struct notes_tree *t, struct commit_list *parents,
-			 const char *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1);
+			 const struct strbuf *msg, unsigned char *result_sha1);
 
 /*
  * Merge notes from o->remote_ref into o->local_ref
diff --git a/notes.c b/notes.c
index 93e9868..f63fd57 100644
--- a/notes.c
+++ b/notes.c
@@ -848,15 +848,16 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int string_list_add_note_lines(struct string_list *sort_uniq_list,
+/*
+ * Add the lines from the named object to list, with trailing
+ * newlines removed.
+ */
+static int string_list_add_note_lines(struct string_list *list,
 				      const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	char *data;
 	unsigned long len;
 	enum object_type t;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf **lines = NULL;
-	int i, list_index;
 
 	if (is_null_sha1(sha1))
 		return 0;
@@ -868,24 +869,14 @@
 		return t != OBJ_BLOB || !data;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_attach(&buf, data, len, len + 1);
-	lines = strbuf_split(&buf, '\n');
-
-	for (i = 0; lines[i]; i++) {
-		if (lines[i]->buf[lines[i]->len - 1] == '\n')
-			strbuf_setlen(lines[i], lines[i]->len - 1);
-		if (!lines[i]->len)
-			continue; /* skip empty lines */
-		list_index = string_list_find_insert_index(sort_uniq_list,
-							   lines[i]->buf, 0);
-		if (list_index < 0)
-			continue; /* skip duplicate lines */
-		string_list_insert_at_index(sort_uniq_list, list_index,
-					    lines[i]->buf);
-	}
-
-	strbuf_list_free(lines);
-	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	/*
+	 * If the last line of the file is EOL-terminated, this will
+	 * add an empty string to the list.  But it will be removed
+	 * later, along with any empty strings that came from empty
+	 * lines within the file.
+	 */
+	string_list_split(list, data, '\n', -1);
+	free(data);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -901,7 +892,7 @@
 int combine_notes_cat_sort_uniq(unsigned char *cur_sha1,
 		const unsigned char *new_sha1)
 {
-	struct string_list sort_uniq_list = { NULL, 0, 0, 1 };
+	struct string_list sort_uniq_list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 1;
 
@@ -910,6 +901,9 @@
 		goto out;
 	if (string_list_add_note_lines(&sort_uniq_list, new_sha1))
 		goto out;
+	string_list_remove_empty_items(&sort_uniq_list, 0);
+	sort_string_list(&sort_uniq_list);
+	string_list_remove_duplicates(&sort_uniq_list, 0);
 
 	/* create a new blob object from sort_uniq_list */
 	if (for_each_string_list(&sort_uniq_list,
@@ -949,23 +943,18 @@
 void string_list_add_refs_from_colon_sep(struct string_list *list,
 					 const char *globs)
 {
-	struct strbuf globbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf **split;
+	struct string_list split = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	char *globs_copy = xstrdup(globs);
 	int i;
 
-	strbuf_addstr(&globbuf, globs);
-	split = strbuf_split(&globbuf, ':');
+	string_list_split_in_place(&split, globs_copy, ':', -1);
+	string_list_remove_empty_items(&split, 0);
 
-	for (i = 0; split[i]; i++) {
-		if (!split[i]->len)
-			continue;
-		if (split[i]->buf[split[i]->len-1] == ':')
-			strbuf_setlen(split[i], split[i]->len-1);
-		string_list_add_refs_by_glob(list, split[i]->buf);
-	}
+	for (i = 0; i < split.nr; i++)
+		string_list_add_refs_by_glob(list, split.items[i].string);
 
-	strbuf_list_free(split);
-	strbuf_release(&globbuf);
+	string_list_clear(&split, 0);
+	free(globs_copy);
 }
 
 static int notes_display_config(const char *k, const char *v, void *cb)
@@ -1196,8 +1185,19 @@
 	memset(t, 0, sizeof(struct notes_tree));
 }
 
-void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int flags)
+/*
+ * Fill the given strbuf with the notes associated with the given object.
+ *
+ * If the given notes_tree structure is not initialized, it will be auto-
+ * initialized to the default value (see documentation for init_notes() above).
+ * If the given notes_tree is NULL, the internal/default notes_tree will be
+ * used instead.
+ *
+ * (raw != 0) gives the %N userformat; otherwise, the note message is given
+ * for human consumption.
+ */
+static void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+			struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw)
 {
 	static const char utf8[] = "utf-8";
 	const unsigned char *sha1;
@@ -1221,7 +1221,7 @@
 	}
 
 	if (output_encoding && *output_encoding &&
-			strcmp(utf8, output_encoding)) {
+	    !is_encoding_utf8(output_encoding)) {
 		char *reencoded = reencode_string(msg, output_encoding, utf8);
 		if (reencoded) {
 			free(msg);
@@ -1234,7 +1234,7 @@
 	if (msglen && msg[msglen - 1] == '\n')
 		msglen--;
 
-	if (flags & NOTES_SHOW_HEADER) {
+	if (!raw) {
 		const char *ref = t->ref;
 		if (!ref || !strcmp(ref, GIT_NOTES_DEFAULT_REF)) {
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, "\nNotes:\n");
@@ -1250,7 +1250,7 @@
 	for (msg_p = msg; msg_p < msg + msglen; msg_p += linelen + 1) {
 		linelen = strchrnul(msg_p, '\n') - msg_p;
 
-		if (flags & NOTES_INDENT)
+		if (!raw)
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, "    ");
 		strbuf_add(sb, msg_p, linelen);
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
@@ -1260,13 +1260,13 @@
 }
 
 void format_display_notes(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int flags)
+			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw)
 {
 	int i;
 	assert(display_notes_trees);
 	for (i = 0; display_notes_trees[i]; i++)
 		format_note(display_notes_trees[i], object_sha1, sb,
-			    output_encoding, flags);
+			    output_encoding, raw);
 }
 
 int copy_note(struct notes_tree *t,
diff --git a/notes.h b/notes.h
index c716694..3324c48 100644
--- a/notes.h
+++ b/notes.h
@@ -237,24 +237,6 @@
  */
 void free_notes(struct notes_tree *t);
 
-/* Flags controlling how notes are formatted */
-#define NOTES_SHOW_HEADER 1
-#define NOTES_INDENT 2
-
-/*
- * Fill the given strbuf with the notes associated with the given object.
- *
- * If the given notes_tree structure is not initialized, it will be auto-
- * initialized to the default value (see documentation for init_notes() above).
- * If the given notes_tree is NULL, the internal/default notes_tree will be
- * used instead.
- *
- * 'flags' is a bitwise combination of the above formatting flags.
- */
-void format_note(struct notes_tree *t, const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-		struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int flags);
-
-
 struct string_list;
 
 struct display_notes_opt {
@@ -288,7 +270,7 @@
  * You *must* call init_display_notes() before using this function.
  */
 void format_display_notes(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
-			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int flags);
+			  struct strbuf *sb, const char *output_encoding, int raw);
 
 /*
  * Load the notes tree from each ref listed in 'refs'.  The output is
diff --git a/object.c b/object.c
index 31976b5..4af3451 100644
--- a/object.c
+++ b/object.c
@@ -149,6 +149,8 @@
 		struct tree *tree = lookup_tree(sha1);
 		if (tree) {
 			obj = &tree->object;
+			if (!tree->buffer)
+				tree->object.parsed = 0;
 			if (!tree->object.parsed) {
 				if (parse_tree_buffer(tree, buffer, size))
 					return NULL;
@@ -174,7 +176,7 @@
 			obj = &tag->object;
 		}
 	} else {
-		warning("object %s has unknown type id %d\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), type);
+		warning("object %s has unknown type id %d", sha1_to_hex(sha1), type);
 		obj = NULL;
 	}
 	if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_NONE)
@@ -189,13 +191,29 @@
 	enum object_type type;
 	int eaten;
 	const unsigned char *repl = lookup_replace_object(sha1);
-	void *buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
+	void *buffer;
+	struct object *obj;
 
+	obj = lookup_object(sha1);
+	if (obj && obj->parsed)
+		return obj;
+
+	if ((obj && obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) ||
+	    (!obj && has_sha1_file(sha1) &&
+	     sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL) == OBJ_BLOB)) {
+		if (check_sha1_signature(repl, NULL, 0, NULL) < 0) {
+			error("sha1 mismatch %s", sha1_to_hex(repl));
+			return NULL;
+		}
+		parse_blob_buffer(lookup_blob(sha1), NULL, 0);
+		return lookup_object(sha1);
+	}
+
+	buffer = read_sha1_file(sha1, &type, &size);
 	if (buffer) {
-		struct object *obj;
 		if (check_sha1_signature(repl, buffer, size, typename(type)) < 0) {
 			free(buffer);
-			error("sha1 mismatch %s\n", sha1_to_hex(repl));
+			error("sha1 mismatch %s", sha1_to_hex(repl));
 			return NULL;
 		}
 
@@ -268,3 +286,14 @@
 		array->nr = dst;
 	}
 }
+
+void clear_object_flags(unsigned flags)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i=0; i < obj_hash_size; i++) {
+		struct object *obj = obj_hash[i];
+		if (obj)
+			obj->flags &= ~flags;
+	}
+}
diff --git a/object.h b/object.h
index b6618d9..6a97b6b 100644
--- a/object.h
+++ b/object.h
@@ -76,4 +76,6 @@
 void add_object_array_with_mode(struct object *obj, const char *name, struct object_array *array, unsigned mode);
 void object_array_remove_duplicates(struct object_array *);
 
+void clear_object_flags(unsigned flags);
+
 #endif /* OBJECT_H */
diff --git a/pack-check.c b/pack-check.c
index 0c19b6e..63a595c 100644
--- a/pack-check.c
+++ b/pack-check.c
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
+#include "progress.h"
 
 struct idx_entry {
 	off_t                offset;
@@ -42,7 +43,10 @@
 }
 
 static int verify_packfile(struct packed_git *p,
-		struct pack_window **w_curs)
+			   struct pack_window **w_curs,
+			   verify_fn fn,
+			   struct progress *progress, uint32_t base_count)
+
 {
 	off_t index_size = p->index_size;
 	const unsigned char *index_base = p->index_data;
@@ -113,20 +117,25 @@
 					    p->pack_name, (uintmax_t)offset);
 		}
 		data = unpack_entry(p, entries[i].offset, &type, &size);
-		if (!data) {
+		if (!data)
 			err = error("cannot unpack %s from %s at offset %"PRIuMAX"",
 				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name,
 				    (uintmax_t)entries[i].offset);
-			break;
-		}
-		if (check_sha1_signature(entries[i].sha1, data, size, typename(type))) {
+		else if (check_sha1_signature(entries[i].sha1, data, size, typename(type)))
 			err = error("packed %s from %s is corrupt",
 				    sha1_to_hex(entries[i].sha1), p->pack_name);
-			free(data);
-			break;
+		else if (fn) {
+			int eaten = 0;
+			fn(entries[i].sha1, type, size, data, &eaten);
+			if (eaten)
+				data = NULL;
 		}
+		if (((base_count + i) & 1023) == 0)
+			display_progress(progress, base_count + i);
 		free(data);
+
 	}
+	display_progress(progress, base_count + i);
 	free(entries);
 
 	return err;
@@ -155,7 +164,8 @@
 	return err;
 }
 
-int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p)
+int verify_pack(struct packed_git *p, verify_fn fn,
+		struct progress *progress, uint32_t base_count)
 {
 	int err = 0;
 	struct pack_window *w_curs = NULL;
@@ -164,7 +174,7 @@
 	if (!p->index_data)
 		return -1;
 
-	err |= verify_packfile(p, &w_curs);
+	err |= verify_packfile(p, &w_curs, fn, progress, base_count);
 	unuse_pack(&w_curs);
 
 	return err;
diff --git a/pack-refs.c b/pack-refs.c
index 23bbd00..f09a054 100644
--- a/pack-refs.c
+++ b/pack-refs.c
@@ -143,7 +143,6 @@
 	packed.fd = -1;
 	if (commit_lock_file(&packed) < 0)
 		die_errno("unable to overwrite old ref-pack file");
-	if (cbdata.flags & PACK_REFS_PRUNE)
-		prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
+	prune_refs(cbdata.ref_to_prune);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/pack-write.c b/pack-write.c
index 9cd3bfb..ca9e63b 100644
--- a/pack-write.c
+++ b/pack-write.c
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 		f = sha1fd_check(index_name);
 	} else {
 		if (!index_name) {
-			static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
-			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
-			index_name = xstrdup(tmpfile);
+			static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
+			fd = odb_mkstemp(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file), "pack/tmp_idx_XXXXXX");
+			index_name = xstrdup(tmp_file);
 		} else {
 			unlink(index_name);
 			fd = open(index_name, O_CREAT|O_EXCL|O_WRONLY, 0600);
@@ -129,6 +129,10 @@
 		}
 		sha1write(f, obj->sha1, 20);
 		git_SHA1_Update(&ctx, obj->sha1, 20);
+		if ((opts->flags & WRITE_IDX_STRICT) &&
+		    (i && !hashcmp(list[-2]->sha1, obj->sha1)))
+			die("The same object %s appears twice in the pack",
+			    sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	}
 
 	if (index_version >= 2) {
@@ -178,6 +182,18 @@
 	return index_name;
 }
 
+off_t write_pack_header(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t nr_entries)
+{
+	struct pack_header hdr;
+
+	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(PACK_SIGNATURE);
+	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(PACK_VERSION);
+	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(nr_entries);
+	if (sha1write(f, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)))
+		return 0;
+	return sizeof(hdr);
+}
+
 /*
  * Update pack header with object_count and compute new SHA1 for pack data
  * associated to pack_fd, and write that SHA1 at the end.  That new SHA1
@@ -316,3 +332,44 @@
 	*hdr = c;
 	return n;
 }
+
+struct sha1file *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name)
+{
+	char tmpname[PATH_MAX];
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = odb_mkstemp(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "pack/tmp_pack_XXXXXX");
+	*pack_tmp_name = xstrdup(tmpname);
+	return sha1fd(fd, *pack_tmp_name);
+}
+
+void finish_tmp_packfile(char *name_buffer,
+			 const char *pack_tmp_name,
+			 struct pack_idx_entry **written_list,
+			 uint32_t nr_written,
+			 struct pack_idx_option *pack_idx_opts,
+			 unsigned char sha1[])
+{
+	const char *idx_tmp_name;
+	char *end_of_name_prefix = strrchr(name_buffer, 0);
+
+	if (adjust_shared_perm(pack_tmp_name))
+		die_errno("unable to make temporary pack file readable");
+
+	idx_tmp_name = write_idx_file(NULL, written_list, nr_written,
+				      pack_idx_opts, sha1);
+	if (adjust_shared_perm(idx_tmp_name))
+		die_errno("unable to make temporary index file readable");
+
+	sprintf(end_of_name_prefix, "%s.pack", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	free_pack_by_name(name_buffer);
+
+	if (rename(pack_tmp_name, name_buffer))
+		die_errno("unable to rename temporary pack file");
+
+	sprintf(end_of_name_prefix, "%s.idx", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	if (rename(idx_tmp_name, name_buffer))
+		die_errno("unable to rename temporary index file");
+
+	free((void *)idx_tmp_name);
+}
diff --git a/pack.h b/pack.h
index 722a54e..aa6ee7d 100644
--- a/pack.h
+++ b/pack.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define PACK_H
 
 #include "object.h"
+#include "csum-file.h"
 
 /*
  * Packed object header
@@ -37,7 +38,8 @@
 struct pack_idx_option {
 	unsigned flags;
 	/* flag bits */
-#define WRITE_IDX_VERIFY 01
+#define WRITE_IDX_VERIFY 01 /* verify only, do not write the idx file */
+#define WRITE_IDX_STRICT 02
 
 	uint32_t version;
 	uint32_t off32_limit;
@@ -70,10 +72,15 @@
 	off_t offset;
 };
 
+
+struct progress;
+typedef int (*verify_fn)(const unsigned char*, enum object_type, unsigned long, void*, int*);
+
 extern const char *write_idx_file(const char *index_name, struct pack_idx_entry **objects, int nr_objects, const struct pack_idx_option *, unsigned char *sha1);
 extern int check_pack_crc(struct packed_git *p, struct pack_window **w_curs, off_t offset, off_t len, unsigned int nr);
 extern int verify_pack_index(struct packed_git *);
-extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *);
+extern int verify_pack(struct packed_git *, verify_fn fn, struct progress *, uint32_t);
+extern off_t write_pack_header(struct sha1file *f, uint32_t);
 extern void fixup_pack_header_footer(int, unsigned char *, const char *, uint32_t, unsigned char *, off_t);
 extern char *index_pack_lockfile(int fd);
 extern int encode_in_pack_object_header(enum object_type, uintmax_t, unsigned char *);
@@ -82,4 +89,8 @@
 #define PH_ERROR_PACK_SIGNATURE	(-2)
 #define PH_ERROR_PROTOCOL	(-3)
 extern int read_pack_header(int fd, struct pack_header *);
+
+extern struct sha1file *create_tmp_packfile(char **pack_tmp_name);
+extern void finish_tmp_packfile(char *name_buffer, const char *pack_tmp_name, struct pack_idx_entry **written_list, uint32_t nr_written, struct pack_idx_option *pack_idx_opts, unsigned char sha1[]);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/pager.c b/pager.c
index 975955b..c1ecf65 100644
--- a/pager.c
+++ b/pager.c
@@ -6,26 +6,17 @@
 #define DEFAULT_PAGER "less"
 #endif
 
+struct pager_config {
+	const char *cmd;
+	int want;
+	char *value;
+};
+
 /*
  * This is split up from the rest of git so that we can do
  * something different on Windows.
  */
 
-#ifndef WIN32
-static void pager_preexec(void)
-{
-	/*
-	 * Work around bug in "less" by not starting it until we
-	 * have real input
-	 */
-	fd_set in;
-
-	FD_ZERO(&in);
-	FD_SET(0, &in);
-	select(1, &in, NULL, &in, NULL);
-}
-#endif
-
 static const char *pager_argv[] = { NULL, NULL };
 static struct child_process pager_process;
 
@@ -73,9 +64,15 @@
 {
 	const char *pager = git_pager(isatty(1));
 
-	if (!pager)
+	if (!pager || pager_in_use())
 		return;
 
+	/*
+	 * force computing the width of the terminal before we redirect
+	 * the standard output to the pager.
+	 */
+	(void) term_columns();
+
 	setenv("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", "true", 1);
 
 	/* spawn the pager */
@@ -87,9 +84,6 @@
 		static const char *env[] = { "LESS=FRSX", NULL };
 		pager_process.env = env;
 	}
-#ifndef WIN32
-	pager_process.preexec_cb = pager_preexec;
-#endif
 	if (start_command(&pager_process))
 		return;
 
@@ -110,3 +104,74 @@
 	env = getenv("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE");
 	return env ? git_config_bool("GIT_PAGER_IN_USE", env) : 0;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Return cached value (if set) or $COLUMNS environment variable (if
+ * set and positive) or ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ).ws_col (if positive),
+ * and default to 80 if all else fails.
+ */
+int term_columns(void)
+{
+	static int term_columns_at_startup;
+
+	char *col_string;
+	int n_cols;
+
+	if (term_columns_at_startup)
+		return term_columns_at_startup;
+
+	term_columns_at_startup = 80;
+
+	col_string = getenv("COLUMNS");
+	if (col_string && (n_cols = atoi(col_string)) > 0)
+		term_columns_at_startup = n_cols;
+#ifdef TIOCGWINSZ
+	else {
+		struct winsize ws;
+		if (!ioctl(1, TIOCGWINSZ, &ws) && ws.ws_col)
+			term_columns_at_startup = ws.ws_col;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	return term_columns_at_startup;
+}
+
+/*
+ * How many columns do we need to show this number in decimal?
+ */
+int decimal_width(int number)
+{
+	int i, width;
+
+	for (width = 1, i = 10; i <= number; width++)
+		i *= 10;
+	return width;
+}
+
+static int pager_command_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct pager_config *c = data;
+	if (!prefixcmp(var, "pager.") && !strcmp(var + 6, c->cmd)) {
+		int b = git_config_maybe_bool(var, value);
+		if (b >= 0)
+			c->want = b;
+		else {
+			c->want = 1;
+			c->value = xstrdup(value);
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* returns 0 for "no pager", 1 for "use pager", and -1 for "not specified" */
+int check_pager_config(const char *cmd)
+{
+	struct pager_config c;
+	c.cmd = cmd;
+	c.want = -1;
+	c.value = NULL;
+	git_config(pager_command_config, &c);
+	if (c.value)
+		pager_program = c.value;
+	return c.want;
+}
diff --git a/parse-options.c b/parse-options.c
index f0098eb..67e98a6 100644
--- a/parse-options.c
+++ b/parse-options.c
@@ -18,15 +18,6 @@
 	return error("BUG: switch '%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
 }
 
-int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
-{
-	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
-		return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
-	if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
-		return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
-	return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
-}
-
 static int get_arg(struct parse_opt_ctx_t *p, const struct option *opt,
 		   int flags, const char **arg)
 {
@@ -193,13 +184,14 @@
 		arg_end = arg + strlen(arg);
 
 	for (; options->type != OPTION_END; options++) {
-		const char *rest;
-		int flags = 0;
+		const char *rest, *long_name = options->long_name;
+		int flags = 0, opt_flags = 0;
 
-		if (!options->long_name)
+		if (!long_name)
 			continue;
 
-		rest = skip_prefix(arg, options->long_name);
+again:
+		rest = skip_prefix(arg, long_name);
 		if (options->type == OPTION_ARGUMENT) {
 			if (!rest)
 				continue;
@@ -212,7 +204,7 @@
 		}
 		if (!rest) {
 			/* abbreviated? */
-			if (!strncmp(options->long_name, arg, arg_end - arg)) {
+			if (!strncmp(long_name, arg, arg_end - arg)) {
 is_abbreviated:
 				if (abbrev_option) {
 					/*
@@ -227,7 +219,7 @@
 				if (!(flags & OPT_UNSET) && *arg_end)
 					p->opt = arg_end + 1;
 				abbrev_option = options;
-				abbrev_flags = flags;
+				abbrev_flags = flags ^ opt_flags;
 				continue;
 			}
 			/* negation allowed? */
@@ -239,12 +231,18 @@
 				goto is_abbreviated;
 			}
 			/* negated? */
-			if (strncmp(arg, "no-", 3))
+			if (prefixcmp(arg, "no-")) {
+				if (!prefixcmp(long_name, "no-")) {
+					long_name += 3;
+					opt_flags |= OPT_UNSET;
+					goto again;
+				}
 				continue;
+			}
 			flags |= OPT_UNSET;
-			rest = skip_prefix(arg + 3, options->long_name);
+			rest = skip_prefix(arg + 3, long_name);
 			/* abbreviated and negated? */
-			if (!rest && !prefixcmp(options->long_name, arg + 3))
+			if (!rest && !prefixcmp(long_name, arg + 3))
 				goto is_abbreviated;
 			if (!rest)
 				continue;
@@ -254,7 +252,7 @@
 				continue;
 			p->opt = rest + 1;
 		}
-		return get_value(p, options, flags);
+		return get_value(p, options, flags ^ opt_flags);
 	}
 
 	if (ambiguous_option)
@@ -386,6 +384,8 @@
 			case -1:
 				return parse_options_usage(ctx, usagestr, options, 1);
 			case -2:
+				if (ctx->opt)
+					check_typos(arg + 1, options);
 				goto unknown;
 			}
 			if (ctx->opt)
@@ -467,6 +467,7 @@
 		usage_with_options(usagestr, options);
 	}
 
+	precompose_argv(argc, argv);
 	return parse_options_end(&ctx);
 }
 
@@ -481,7 +482,7 @@
 			s = literal ? "[%s]" : "[<%s>]";
 	else
 		s = literal ? " %s" : " <%s>";
-	return fprintf(outfile, s, opts->argh ? opts->argh : "...");
+	return fprintf(outfile, s, opts->argh ? _(opts->argh) : _("..."));
 }
 
 #define USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH 24
@@ -499,13 +500,16 @@
 	if (!err && ctx && ctx->flags & PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL)
 		fprintf(outfile, "cat <<\\EOF\n");
 
-	fprintf(outfile, "usage: %s\n", *usagestr++);
+	fprintf_ln(outfile, _("usage: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 	while (*usagestr && **usagestr)
-		fprintf(outfile, "   or: %s\n", *usagestr++);
+		/* TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+		   one in "usage: %s" translation */
+		fprintf_ln(outfile, _("   or: %s"), _(*usagestr++));
 	while (*usagestr) {
-		fprintf(outfile, "%s%s\n",
-				**usagestr ? "    " : "",
-				*usagestr);
+		if (**usagestr)
+			fprintf_ln(outfile, _("    %s"), _(*usagestr));
+		else
+			putchar('\n');
 		usagestr++;
 	}
 
@@ -519,14 +523,14 @@
 		if (opts->type == OPTION_GROUP) {
 			fputc('\n', outfile);
 			if (*opts->help)
-				fprintf(outfile, "%s\n", opts->help);
+				fprintf(outfile, "%s\n", _(opts->help));
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (!full && (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN))
 			continue;
 
 		pos = fprintf(outfile, "    ");
-		if (opts->short_name && !(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP)) {
+		if (opts->short_name) {
 			if (opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NODASH)
 				pos += fprintf(outfile, "%c", opts->short_name);
 			else
@@ -535,9 +539,7 @@
 		if (opts->long_name && opts->short_name)
 			pos += fprintf(outfile, ", ");
 		if (opts->long_name)
-			pos += fprintf(outfile, "--%s%s",
-				(opts->flags & PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP) ?  "no-" : "",
-				opts->long_name);
+			pos += fprintf(outfile, "--%s", opts->long_name);
 		if (opts->type == OPTION_NUMBER)
 			pos += fprintf(outfile, "-NUM");
 
@@ -551,7 +553,7 @@
 			fputc('\n', outfile);
 			pad = USAGE_OPTS_WIDTH;
 		}
-		fprintf(outfile, "%*s%s\n", pad + USAGE_GAP, "", opts->help);
+		fprintf(outfile, "%*s%s\n", pad + USAGE_GAP, "", _(opts->help));
 	}
 	fputc('\n', outfile);
 
@@ -583,3 +585,12 @@
 	return usage_with_options_internal(ctx, usagestr, opts, 0, err);
 }
 
+#undef opterror
+int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags)
+{
+	if (flags & OPT_SHORT)
+		return error("switch `%c' %s", opt->short_name, reason);
+	if (flags & OPT_UNSET)
+		return error("option `no-%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+	return error("option `%s' %s", opt->long_name, reason);
+}
diff --git a/parse-options.h b/parse-options.h
index 2e811dc..1c8bd8d 100644
--- a/parse-options.h
+++ b/parse-options.h
@@ -40,7 +40,6 @@
 	PARSE_OPT_LASTARG_DEFAULT = 16,
 	PARSE_OPT_NODASH = 32,
 	PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP = 64,
-	PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP = 128,
 	PARSE_OPT_SHELL_EVAL = 256
 };
 
@@ -67,12 +66,14 @@
  *
  * `argh`::
  *   token to explain the kind of argument this option wants. Keep it
- *   homogeneous across the repository.
+ *   homogeneous across the repository. Should be wrapped by N_() for
+ *   translation.
  *
  * `help`::
  *   the short help associated to what the option does.
  *   Must never be NULL (except for OPTION_END).
  *   OPTION_GROUP uses this pointer to store the group header.
+ *   Should be wrapped by N_() for translation.
  *
  * `flags`::
  *   mask of parse_opt_option_flags.
@@ -90,9 +91,6 @@
  *   PARSE_OPT_LITERAL_ARGHELP: says that argh shouldn't be enclosed in brackets
  *				(i.e. '<argh>') in the help message.
  *				Useful for options with multiple parameters.
- *   PARSE_OPT_NEGHELP: says that the long option should always be shown with
- *				the --no prefix in the usage message. Sometimes
- *				useful for users of OPTION_NEGBIT.
  *
  * `callback`::
  *   pointer to the callback to use for OPTION_CALLBACK or
@@ -132,7 +130,7 @@
 #define OPT_BOOL(s, l, v, h)        OPT_SET_INT(s, l, v, h, 1)
 #define OPT_SET_PTR(s, l, v, h, p)  { OPTION_SET_PTR, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, NULL, (p) }
-#define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), "n", (h) }
+#define OPT_INTEGER(s, l, v, h)     { OPTION_INTEGER, (s), (l), (v), N_("n"), (h) }
 #define OPT_STRING(s, l, v, a, h)   { OPTION_STRING,  (s), (l), (v), (a), (h) }
 #define OPT_STRING_LIST(s, l, v, a, h) \
 				    { OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), \
@@ -140,7 +138,7 @@
 #define OPT_UYN(s, l, v, h)         { OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), NULL, \
 				      (h), PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_tertiary }
 #define OPT_DATE(s, l, v, h) \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "time",(h), 0, \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), N_("time"),(h), 0,	\
 	  parse_opt_approxidate_cb }
 #define OPT_CALLBACK(s, l, v, a, h, f) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), (a), (h), 0, (f) }
@@ -148,21 +146,22 @@
 	{ OPTION_NUMBER, 0, NULL, (v), NULL, (h), \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, (f) }
 #define OPT_FILENAME(s, l, v, h)    { OPTION_FILENAME, (s), (l), (v), \
-				       "file", (h) }
+				       N_("file"), (h) }
 #define OPT_COLOR_FLAG(s, l, v, h) \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), "when", (h), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), N_("when"), (h), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, \
 		parse_opt_color_flag_cb, (intptr_t)"always" }
 
 #define OPT_NOOP_NOARG(s, l) \
 	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), NULL, NULL, \
-	  "no-op (backward compatibility)", \
+	  N_("no-op (backward compatibility)"),		\
 	  PARSE_OPT_HIDDEN | PARSE_OPT_NOARG, parse_opt_noop_cb }
 
 /* Deprecated synonym */
 #define OPT_BOOLEAN OPT_COUNTUP
 
 /* parse_options() will filter out the processed options and leave the
- * non-option arguments in argv[].
+ * non-option arguments in argv[]. usagestr strings should be marked
+ * for translation with N_().
  * Returns the number of arguments left in argv[].
  */
 extern int parse_options(int argc, const char **argv, const char *prefix,
@@ -178,6 +177,10 @@
 
 extern int optbug(const struct option *opt, const char *reason);
 extern int opterror(const struct option *opt, const char *reason, int flags);
+#if defined(__GNUC__) && ! defined(clang)
+#define opterror(o,r,f) (opterror((o),(r),(f)), -1)
+#endif
+
 /*----- incremental advanced APIs -----*/
 
 enum {
@@ -226,17 +229,19 @@
 #define OPT__VERBOSE(var, h)  OPT_BOOLEAN('v', "verbose", (var), (h))
 #define OPT__QUIET(var, h)    OPT_BOOLEAN('q', "quiet",   (var), (h))
 #define OPT__VERBOSITY(var) \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'v', "verbose", (var), NULL, "be more verbose", \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'v', "verbose", (var), NULL, N_("be more verbose"), \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }, \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'q', "quiet", (var), NULL, "be more quiet", \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 'q', "quiet", (var), NULL, N_("be more quiet"), \
 	  PARSE_OPT_NOARG, &parse_opt_verbosity_cb, 0 }
 #define OPT__DRY_RUN(var, h)  OPT_BOOLEAN('n', "dry-run", (var), (h))
 #define OPT__FORCE(var, h)    OPT_BOOLEAN('f', "force",   (var), (h))
 #define OPT__ABBREV(var)  \
-	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "abbrev", (var), "n", \
-	  "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s", \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, 0, "abbrev", (var), N_("n"),	\
+	  N_("use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"),	\
 	  PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, &parse_opt_abbrev_cb, 0 }
 #define OPT__COLOR(var, h) \
 	OPT_COLOR_FLAG(0, "color", (var), (h))
+#define OPT_COLUMN(s, l, v, h) \
+	{ OPTION_CALLBACK, (s), (l), (v), N_("style"), (h), PARSE_OPT_OPTARG, parseopt_column_callback }
 
 #endif
diff --git a/patch-ids.c b/patch-ids.c
index 5717257..bc8a28f 100644
--- a/patch-ids.c
+++ b/patch-ids.c
@@ -39,8 +39,7 @@
 	memset(ids, 0, sizeof(*ids));
 	diff_setup(&ids->diffopts);
 	DIFF_OPT_SET(&ids->diffopts, RECURSIVE);
-	if (diff_setup_done(&ids->diffopts) < 0)
-		return error("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&ids->diffopts);
 	return 0;
 }
 
diff --git a/path.c b/path.c
index 6f3f5d5..d3d3f8b 100644
--- a/path.c
+++ b/path.c
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
  */
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 static char bad_path[] = "/bad-path/";
 
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@
 	return cleanup_path(buf);
 }
 
-static char *git_vsnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, va_list args)
+static char *vsnpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, va_list args)
 {
 	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 	size_t len;
@@ -70,21 +71,37 @@
 
 char *git_snpath(char *buf, size_t n, const char *fmt, ...)
 {
+	char *ret;
 	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	(void)git_vsnpath(buf, n, fmt, args);
+	ret = vsnpath(buf, n, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	return buf;
+	return ret;
 }
 
 char *git_pathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	char path[PATH_MAX], *ret;
 	va_list args;
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	(void)git_vsnpath(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
+	ret = vsnpath(path, sizeof(path), fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	return xstrdup(path);
+	return xstrdup(ret);
+}
+
+char *mkpathdup(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	char *path;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	va_list args;
+
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	path = xstrdup(cleanup_path(sb.buf));
+
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return path;
 }
 
 char *mkpath(const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -103,23 +120,40 @@
 
 char *git_path(const char *fmt, ...)
 {
-	const char *git_dir = get_git_dir();
 	char *pathname = get_pathname();
 	va_list args;
-	unsigned len;
+	char *ret;
 
-	len = strlen(git_dir);
-	if (len > PATH_MAX-100)
-		return bad_path;
-	memcpy(pathname, git_dir, len);
-	if (len && git_dir[len-1] != '/')
-		pathname[len++] = '/';
 	va_start(args, fmt);
-	len += vsnprintf(pathname + len, PATH_MAX - len, fmt, args);
+	ret = vsnpath(pathname, PATH_MAX, fmt, args);
 	va_end(args);
-	if (len >= PATH_MAX)
-		return bad_path;
-	return cleanup_path(pathname);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void home_config_paths(char **global, char **xdg, char *file)
+{
+	char *xdg_home = getenv("XDG_CONFIG_HOME");
+	char *home = getenv("HOME");
+	char *to_free = NULL;
+
+	if (!home) {
+		if (global)
+			*global = NULL;
+	} else {
+		if (!xdg_home) {
+			to_free = mkpathdup("%s/.config", home);
+			xdg_home = to_free;
+		}
+		if (global)
+			*global = mkpathdup("%s/.gitconfig", home);
+	}
+
+	if (!xdg_home)
+		*xdg = NULL;
+	else
+		*xdg = mkpathdup("%s/git/%s", xdg_home, file);
+
+	free(to_free);
 }
 
 char *git_path_submodule(const char *path, const char *fmt, ...)
@@ -283,7 +317,7 @@
  * links.  User relative paths are also returned as they are given,
  * except DWIM suffixing.
  */
-char *enter_repo(char *path, int strict)
+const char *enter_repo(const char *path, int strict)
 {
 	static char used_path[PATH_MAX];
 	static char validated_path[PATH_MAX];
@@ -293,18 +327,21 @@
 
 	if (!strict) {
 		static const char *suffix[] = {
-			".git/.git", "/.git", ".git", "", NULL,
+			"/.git", "", ".git/.git", ".git", NULL,
 		};
+		const char *gitfile;
 		int len = strlen(path);
 		int i;
-		while ((1 < len) && (path[len-1] == '/')) {
-			path[len-1] = 0;
+		while ((1 < len) && (path[len-1] == '/'))
 			len--;
-		}
+
 		if (PATH_MAX <= len)
 			return NULL;
-		if (path[0] == '~') {
-			char *newpath = expand_user_path(path);
+		strncpy(used_path, path, len); used_path[len] = 0 ;
+		strcpy(validated_path, used_path);
+
+		if (used_path[0] == '~') {
+			char *newpath = expand_user_path(used_path);
 			if (!newpath || (PATH_MAX - 10 < strlen(newpath))) {
 				free(newpath);
 				return NULL;
@@ -316,24 +353,26 @@
 			 * anyway.
 			 */
 			strcpy(used_path, newpath); free(newpath);
-			strcpy(validated_path, path);
-			path = used_path;
 		}
 		else if (PATH_MAX - 10 < len)
 			return NULL;
-		else {
-			path = strcpy(used_path, path);
-			strcpy(validated_path, path);
-		}
-		len = strlen(path);
+		len = strlen(used_path);
 		for (i = 0; suffix[i]; i++) {
-			strcpy(path + len, suffix[i]);
-			if (!access(path, F_OK)) {
+			struct stat st;
+			strcpy(used_path + len, suffix[i]);
+			if (!stat(used_path, &st) &&
+			    (S_ISREG(st.st_mode) ||
+			    (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode) && is_git_directory(used_path)))) {
 				strcat(validated_path, suffix[i]);
 				break;
 			}
 		}
-		if (!suffix[i] || chdir(path))
+		if (!suffix[i])
+			return NULL;
+		gitfile = read_gitfile(used_path) ;
+		if (gitfile)
+			strcpy(used_path, gitfile);
+		if (chdir(used_path))
 			return NULL;
 		path = validated_path;
 	}
@@ -531,43 +570,38 @@
 
 /*
  * path = Canonical absolute path
- * prefix_list = Colon-separated list of absolute paths
+ * prefixes = string_list containing normalized, absolute paths without
+ * trailing slashes (except for the root directory, which is denoted by "/").
  *
- * Determines, for each path in prefix_list, whether the "prefix" really
+ * Determines, for each path in prefixes, whether the "prefix"
  * is an ancestor directory of path.  Returns the length of the longest
  * ancestor directory, excluding any trailing slashes, or -1 if no prefix
- * is an ancestor.  (Note that this means 0 is returned if prefix_list is
- * "/".) "/foo" is not considered an ancestor of "/foobar".  Directories
+ * is an ancestor.  (Note that this means 0 is returned if prefixes is
+ * ["/"].) "/foo" is not considered an ancestor of "/foobar".  Directories
  * are not considered to be their own ancestors.  path must be in a
  * canonical form: empty components, or "." or ".." components are not
- * allowed.  prefix_list may be null, which is like "".
+ * allowed.
  */
-int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, const char *prefix_list)
+int longest_ancestor_length(const char *path, struct string_list *prefixes)
 {
-	char buf[PATH_MAX+1];
-	const char *ceil, *colon;
-	int len, max_len = -1;
+	int i, max_len = -1;
 
-	if (prefix_list == NULL || !strcmp(path, "/"))
+	if (!strcmp(path, "/"))
 		return -1;
 
-	for (colon = ceil = prefix_list; *colon; ceil = colon+1) {
-		for (colon = ceil; *colon && *colon != PATH_SEP; colon++);
-		len = colon - ceil;
-		if (len == 0 || len > PATH_MAX || !is_absolute_path(ceil))
-			continue;
-		strlcpy(buf, ceil, len+1);
-		if (normalize_path_copy(buf, buf) < 0)
-			continue;
-		len = strlen(buf);
-		if (len > 0 && buf[len-1] == '/')
-			buf[--len] = '\0';
+	for (i = 0; i < prefixes->nr; i++) {
+		const char *ceil = prefixes->items[i].string;
+		int len = strlen(ceil);
 
-		if (!strncmp(path, buf, len) &&
-		    path[len] == '/' &&
-		    len > max_len) {
+		if (len == 1 && ceil[0] == '/')
+			len = 0; /* root matches anything, with length 0 */
+		else if (!strncmp(path, ceil, len) && path[len] == '/')
+			; /* match of length len */
+		else
+			continue; /* no match */
+
+		if (len > max_len)
 			max_len = len;
-		}
 	}
 
 	return max_len;
diff --git a/pathspec.c b/pathspec.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..284f397
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pathspec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "dir.h"
+#include "pathspec.h"
+
+/*
+ * Finds which of the given pathspecs match items in the index.
+ *
+ * For each pathspec, sets the corresponding entry in the seen[] array
+ * (which should be specs items long, i.e. the same size as pathspec)
+ * to the nature of the "closest" (i.e. most specific) match found for
+ * that pathspec in the index, if it was a closer type of match than
+ * the existing entry.  As an optimization, matching is skipped
+ * altogether if seen[] already only contains non-zero entries.
+ *
+ * If seen[] has not already been written to, it may make sense
+ * to use find_pathspecs_matching_against_index() instead.
+ */
+void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const char **pathspec,
+					char *seen, int specs)
+{
+	int num_unmatched = 0, i;
+
+	/*
+	 * Since we are walking the index as if we were walking the directory,
+	 * we have to mark the matched pathspec as seen; otherwise we will
+	 * mistakenly think that the user gave a pathspec that did not match
+	 * anything.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < specs; i++)
+		if (!seen[i])
+			num_unmatched++;
+	if (!num_unmatched)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen);
+	}
+}
+
+/*
+ * Finds which of the given pathspecs match items in the index.
+ *
+ * This is a one-shot wrapper around add_pathspec_matches_against_index()
+ * which allocates, populates, and returns a seen[] array indicating the
+ * nature of the "closest" (i.e. most specific) matches which each of the
+ * given pathspecs achieves against all items in the index.
+ */
+char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const char **pathspec)
+{
+	char *seen;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; pathspec[i];  i++)
+		; /* just counting */
+	seen = xcalloc(i, 1);
+	add_pathspec_matches_against_index(pathspec, seen, i);
+	return seen;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Check the index to see whether path refers to a submodule, or
+ * something inside a submodule.  If the former, returns the path with
+ * any trailing slash stripped.  If the latter, dies with an error
+ * message.
+ */
+const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path)
+{
+	int i, path_len = strlen(path);
+	for (i = 0; i < active_nr; i++) {
+		struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i];
+		if (S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode)) {
+			int ce_len = ce_namelen(ce);
+			if (path_len <= ce_len || path[ce_len] != '/' ||
+			    memcmp(ce->name, path, ce_len))
+				/* path does not refer to this
+				 * submodule or anything inside it */
+				continue;
+			if (path_len == ce_len + 1) {
+				/* path refers to submodule;
+				 * strip trailing slash */
+				return xstrndup(ce->name, ce_len);
+			} else {
+				die (_("Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"),
+				     path, ce_len, ce->name);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return path;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Dies if the given path refers to a file inside a symlinked
+ * directory in the index.
+ */
+void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix)
+{
+	if (has_symlink_leading_path(path, strlen(path))) {
+		int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+		die(_("'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"), path + len);
+	}
+}
diff --git a/pathspec.h b/pathspec.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..db0184a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/pathspec.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef PATHSPEC_H
+#define PATHSPEC_H
+
+extern char *find_pathspecs_matching_against_index(const char **pathspec);
+extern void add_pathspec_matches_against_index(const char **pathspec, char *seen, int specs);
+extern const char *check_path_for_gitlink(const char *path);
+extern void die_if_path_beyond_symlink(const char *path, const char *prefix);
+
+#endif /* PATHSPEC_H */
diff --git a/perl/.gitignore b/perl/.gitignore
index 98b2477..0f1fc27 100644
--- a/perl/.gitignore
+++ b/perl/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 perl.mak
 perl.mak.old
+MYMETA.json
+MYMETA.yml
 blib
 blibdirs
 pm_to_blib
+PM.stamp
diff --git a/perl/Git.pm b/perl/Git.pm
index c279bfb..931047c 100644
--- a/perl/Git.pm
+++ b/perl/Git.pm
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@
                 command_output_pipe command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
                 command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe
                 version exec_path html_path hash_object git_cmd_try
-                remote_refs
+                remote_refs prompt
                 temp_acquire temp_release temp_reset temp_path);
 
 
@@ -511,6 +511,58 @@
 
 sub html_path { command_oneline('--html-path') }
 
+=item prompt ( PROMPT , ISPASSWORD  )
+
+Query user C<PROMPT> and return answer from user.
+
+Honours GIT_ASKPASS and SSH_ASKPASS environment variables for querying
+the user. If no *_ASKPASS variable is set or an error occoured,
+the terminal is tried as a fallback.
+If C<ISPASSWORD> is set and true, the terminal disables echo.
+
+=cut
+
+sub prompt {
+	my ($prompt, $isPassword) = @_;
+	my $ret;
+	if (exists $ENV{'GIT_ASKPASS'}) {
+		$ret = _prompt($ENV{'GIT_ASKPASS'}, $prompt);
+	}
+	if (!defined $ret && exists $ENV{'SSH_ASKPASS'}) {
+		$ret = _prompt($ENV{'SSH_ASKPASS'}, $prompt);
+	}
+	if (!defined $ret) {
+		print STDERR $prompt;
+		STDERR->flush;
+		if (defined $isPassword && $isPassword) {
+			require Term::ReadKey;
+			Term::ReadKey::ReadMode('noecho');
+			$ret = '';
+			while (defined(my $key = Term::ReadKey::ReadKey(0))) {
+				last if $key =~ /[\012\015]/; # \n\r
+				$ret .= $key;
+			}
+			Term::ReadKey::ReadMode('restore');
+			print STDERR "\n";
+			STDERR->flush;
+		} else {
+			chomp($ret = <STDIN>);
+		}
+	}
+	return $ret;
+}
+
+sub _prompt {
+	my ($askpass, $prompt) = @_;
+	return unless length $askpass;
+	$prompt =~ s/\n/ /g;
+	my $ret;
+	open my $fh, "-|", $askpass, $prompt or return;
+	$ret = <$fh>;
+	$ret =~ s/[\015\012]//g; # strip \r\n, chomp does not work on all systems (i.e. windows) as expected
+	close ($fh);
+	return $ret;
+}
 
 =item repo_path ()
 
@@ -570,15 +622,68 @@
 (exception is thrown otherwise), in array context returns allows the
 variable to be set multiple times and returns all the values.
 
-This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
-
 =cut
 
 sub config {
+	return _config_common({}, @_);
+}
+
+
+=item config_bool ( VARIABLE )
+
+Retrieve the bool configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
+is usable as a boolean in perl (and C<undef> if it's not defined,
+of course).
+
+=cut
+
+sub config_bool {
+	my $val = scalar _config_common({'kind' => '--bool'}, @_);
+
+	# Do not rewrite this as return (defined $val && $val eq 'true')
+	# as some callers do care what kind of falsehood they receive.
+	if (!defined $val) {
+		return undef;
+	} else {
+		return $val eq 'true';
+	}
+}
+
+
+=item config_path ( VARIABLE )
+
+Retrieve the path configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
+is an expanded path or C<undef> if it's not defined.
+
+=cut
+
+sub config_path {
+	return _config_common({'kind' => '--path'}, @_);
+}
+
+
+=item config_int ( VARIABLE )
+
+Retrieve the integer configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
+is simple decimal number.  An optional value suffix of 'k', 'm',
+or 'g' in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
+by 1024, 1048576 (1024^2), or 1073741824 (1024^3) prior to output.
+It would return C<undef> if configuration variable is not defined,
+
+=cut
+
+sub config_int {
+	return scalar _config_common({'kind' => '--int'}, @_);
+}
+
+# Common subroutine to implement bulk of what the config* family of methods
+# do. This curently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
+sub _config_common {
+	my ($opts) = shift @_;
 	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
 
 	try {
-		my @cmd = ('config');
+		my @cmd = ('config', $opts->{'kind'} ? $opts->{'kind'} : ());
 		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
 		if (wantarray) {
 			return command(@cmd, '--get-all', $var);
@@ -596,99 +701,6 @@
 	};
 }
 
-
-=item config_bool ( VARIABLE )
-
-Retrieve the bool configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
-is usable as a boolean in perl (and C<undef> if it's not defined,
-of course).
-
-This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
-
-=cut
-
-sub config_bool {
-	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
-
-	try {
-		my @cmd = ('config', '--bool', '--get', $var);
-		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
-		my $val = command_oneline(@cmd);
-		return undef unless defined $val;
-		return $val eq 'true';
-	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
-		my $E = shift;
-		if ($E->value() == 1) {
-			# Key not found.
-			return undef;
-		} else {
-			throw $E;
-		}
-	};
-}
-
-
-=item config_path ( VARIABLE )
-
-Retrieve the path configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
-is an expanded path or C<undef> if it's not defined.
-
-This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
-
-=cut
-
-sub config_path {
-	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
-
-	try {
-		my @cmd = ('config', '--path');
-		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
-		if (wantarray) {
-			return command(@cmd, '--get-all', $var);
-		} else {
-			return command_oneline(@cmd, '--get', $var);
-		}
-	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
-		my $E = shift;
-		if ($E->value() == 1) {
-			# Key not found.
-			return undef;
-		} else {
-			throw $E;
-		}
-	};
-}
-
-=item config_int ( VARIABLE )
-
-Retrieve the integer configuration C<VARIABLE>. The return value
-is simple decimal number.  An optional value suffix of 'k', 'm',
-or 'g' in the config file will cause the value to be multiplied
-by 1024, 1048576 (1024^2), or 1073741824 (1024^3) prior to output.
-It would return C<undef> if configuration variable is not defined,
-
-This currently wraps command('config') so it is not so fast.
-
-=cut
-
-sub config_int {
-	my ($self, $var) = _maybe_self(@_);
-
-	try {
-		my @cmd = ('config', '--int', '--get', $var);
-		unshift @cmd, $self if $self;
-		return command_oneline(@cmd);
-	} catch Git::Error::Command with {
-		my $E = shift;
-		if ($E->value() == 1) {
-			# Key not found.
-			return undef;
-		} else {
-			throw $E;
-		}
-	};
-}
-
 =item get_colorbool ( NAME )
 
 Finds if color should be used for NAMEd operation from the configuration,
@@ -731,7 +743,7 @@
 contains the tag object while a C<refname^{}> entry gives the tagged objects.
 
 C<REPOSITORY> has the same meaning as the appropriate C<git-ls-remote>
-argument; either an URL or a remote name (if called on a repository instance).
+argument; either a URL or a remote name (if called on a repository instance).
 C<GROUPS> is an optional arrayref that can contain 'tags' to return all the
 tags and/or 'heads' to return all the heads. C<REFGLOB> is an optional array
 of strings containing a shell-like glob to further limit the refs returned in
diff --git a/perl/Git/I18N.pm b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..40dd897
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/I18N.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+package Git::I18N;
+use 5.008;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+BEGIN {
+	require Exporter;
+	if ($] < 5.008003) {
+		*import = \&Exporter::import;
+	} else {
+		# Exporter 5.57 which supports this invocation was
+		# released with perl 5.8.3
+		Exporter->import('import');
+	}
+}
+
+our @EXPORT = qw(__);
+our @EXPORT_OK = @EXPORT;
+
+sub __bootstrap_locale_messages {
+	our $TEXTDOMAIN = 'git';
+	our $TEXTDOMAINDIR = $ENV{GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR} || '++LOCALEDIR++';
+
+	require POSIX;
+	POSIX->import(qw(setlocale));
+	# Non-core prerequisite module
+	require Locale::Messages;
+	Locale::Messages->import(qw(:locale_h :libintl_h));
+
+	setlocale(LC_MESSAGES(), '');
+	setlocale(LC_CTYPE(), '');
+	textdomain($TEXTDOMAIN);
+	bindtextdomain($TEXTDOMAIN => $TEXTDOMAINDIR);
+
+	return;
+}
+
+BEGIN
+{
+	# Used by our test script to see if it should test fallbacks or
+	# not.
+	our $__HAS_LIBRARY = 1;
+
+	local $@;
+	eval {
+		__bootstrap_locale_messages();
+		*__ = \&Locale::Messages::gettext;
+		1;
+	} or do {
+		# Tell test.pl that we couldn't load the gettext library.
+		$Git::I18N::__HAS_LIBRARY = 0;
+
+		# Just a fall-through no-op
+		*__ = sub ($) { $_[0] };
+	};
+}
+
+1;
+
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Git::I18N - Perl interface to Git's Gettext localizations
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+	use Git::I18N;
+
+	print __("Welcome to Git!\n");
+
+	printf __("The following error occured: %s\n"), $error;
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+Git's internal Perl interface to gettext via L<Locale::Messages>. If
+L<Locale::Messages> can't be loaded (it's not a core module) we
+provide stub passthrough fallbacks.
+
+This is a distilled interface to gettext, see C<info '(gettext)Perl'>
+for the full interface. This module implements only a small part of
+it.
+
+=head1 FUNCTIONS
+
+=head2 __($)
+
+L<Locale::Messages>'s gettext function if all goes well, otherwise our
+passthrough fallback function.
+
+=head1 AUTHOR
+
+E<AElig>var ArnfjE<ouml>rE<eth> Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
+
+=head1 COPYRIGHT
+
+Copyright 2010 E<AElig>var ArnfjE<ouml>rE<eth> Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
+
+=cut
diff --git a/perl/Git/IndexInfo.pm b/perl/Git/IndexInfo.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a43108c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/IndexInfo.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+package Git::IndexInfo;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Git qw/command_input_pipe command_close_pipe/;
+
+sub new {
+	my ($class) = @_;
+	my ($gui, $ctx) = command_input_pipe(qw/update-index -z --index-info/);
+	bless { gui => $gui, ctx => $ctx, nr => 0}, $class;
+}
+
+sub remove {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	if (print { $self->{gui} } '0 ', 0 x 40, "\t", $path, "\0") {
+		return ++$self->{nr};
+	}
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub update {
+	my ($self, $mode, $hash, $path) = @_;
+	if (print { $self->{gui} } $mode, ' ', $hash, "\t", $path, "\0") {
+		return ++$self->{nr};
+	}
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub DESTROY {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	command_close_pipe($self->{gui}, $self->{ctx});
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN.pm b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..490e330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,2394 @@
+package Git::SVN;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Fcntl qw/:DEFAULT :seek/;
+use constant rev_map_fmt => 'NH40';
+use vars qw/$_no_metadata
+            $_repack $_repack_flags $_use_svm_props $_head
+            $_use_svnsync_props $no_reuse_existing
+	    $_use_log_author $_add_author_from $_localtime/;
+use Carp qw/croak/;
+use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
+use File::Copy qw/copy/;
+use IPC::Open3;
+use Time::Local;
+use Memoize;  # core since 5.8.0, Jul 2002
+use Memoize::Storable;
+use POSIX qw(:signal_h);
+
+use Git qw(
+    command
+    command_oneline
+    command_noisy
+    command_output_pipe
+    command_close_pipe
+);
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(
+	fatal
+	can_compress
+	join_paths
+	canonicalize_path
+	canonicalize_url
+	add_path_to_url
+);
+
+my $can_use_yaml;
+BEGIN {
+	$can_use_yaml = eval { require Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML; 1};
+}
+
+our $_follow_parent  = 1;
+our $_minimize_url   = 'unset';
+our $default_repo_id = 'svn';
+our $default_ref_id  = $ENV{GIT_SVN_ID} || 'git-svn';
+
+my ($_gc_nr, $_gc_period);
+
+# properties that we do not log:
+my %SKIP_PROP;
+BEGIN {
+	%SKIP_PROP = map { $_ => 1 } qw/svn:wc:ra_dav:version-url
+	                                svn:special svn:executable
+	                                svn:entry:committed-rev
+	                                svn:entry:last-author
+	                                svn:entry:uuid
+	                                svn:entry:committed-date/;
+
+	# some options are read globally, but can be overridden locally
+	# per [svn-remote "..."] section.  Command-line options will *NOT*
+	# override options set in an [svn-remote "..."] section
+	no strict 'refs';
+	for my $option (qw/follow_parent no_metadata use_svm_props
+			   use_svnsync_props/) {
+		my $key = $option;
+		$key =~ tr/_//d;
+		my $prop = "-$option";
+		*$option = sub {
+			my ($self) = @_;
+			return $self->{$prop} if exists $self->{$prop};
+			my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.$key";
+			eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
+			if ($@) {
+				$self->{$prop} = ${"Git::SVN::_$option"};
+			} else {
+				my $v = command_oneline(qw/config --bool/,$k);
+				$self->{$prop} = $v eq 'false' ? 0 : 1;
+			}
+			return $self->{$prop};
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+
+my (%LOCKFILES, %INDEX_FILES);
+END {
+	unlink keys %LOCKFILES if %LOCKFILES;
+	unlink keys %INDEX_FILES if %INDEX_FILES;
+}
+
+sub resolve_local_globs {
+	my ($url, $fetch, $glob_spec) = @_;
+	return unless defined $glob_spec;
+	my $ref = $glob_spec->{ref};
+	my $path = $glob_spec->{path};
+	foreach (command(qw#for-each-ref --format=%(refname) refs/#)) {
+		next unless m#^$ref->{regex}$#;
+		my $p = $1;
+		my $pathname = desanitize_refname($path->full_path($p));
+		my $refname = desanitize_refname($ref->full_path($p));
+		if (my $existing = $fetch->{$pathname}) {
+			if ($existing ne $refname) {
+				die "Refspec conflict:\n",
+				    "existing: $existing\n",
+				    " globbed: $refname\n";
+			}
+			my $u = (::cmt_metadata("$refname"))[0];
+			$u =~ s!^\Q$url\E(/|$)!! or die
+			  "$refname: '$url' not found in '$u'\n";
+			if ($pathname ne $u) {
+				warn "W: Refspec glob conflict ",
+				     "(ref: $refname):\n",
+				     "expected path: $pathname\n",
+				     "    real path: $u\n",
+				     "Continuing ahead with $u\n";
+				next;
+			}
+		} else {
+			$fetch->{$pathname} = $refname;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub parse_revision_argument {
+	my ($base, $head) = @_;
+	if (!defined $::_revision || $::_revision eq 'BASE:HEAD') {
+		return ($base, $head);
+	}
+	return ($1, $2) if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):(\d+)$/);
+	return ($::_revision, $::_revision) if ($::_revision =~ /^\d+$/);
+	return ($head, $head) if ($::_revision eq 'HEAD');
+	return ($base, $1) if ($::_revision =~ /^BASE:(\d+)$/);
+	return ($1, $head) if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):HEAD$/);
+	die "revision argument: $::_revision not understood by git-svn\n";
+}
+
+sub fetch_all {
+	my ($repo_id, $remotes) = @_;
+	if (ref $repo_id) {
+		my $gs = $repo_id;
+		$repo_id = undef;
+		$repo_id = $gs->{repo_id};
+	}
+	$remotes ||= read_all_remotes();
+	my $remote = $remotes->{$repo_id} or
+	             die "[svn-remote \"$repo_id\"] unknown\n";
+	my $fetch = $remote->{fetch};
+	my $url = $remote->{url} or die "svn-remote.$repo_id.url not defined\n";
+	my (@gs, @globs);
+	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
+	my $uuid = $ra->get_uuid;
+	my $head = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+
+	# ignore errors, $head revision may not even exist anymore
+	eval { $ra->get_log("", $head, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub { $head = $_[1] }) };
+	warn "W: $@\n" if $@;
+
+	my $base = defined $fetch ? $head : 0;
+
+	# read the max revs for wildcard expansion (branches/*, tags/*)
+	foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
+		defined $remote->{$t} or next;
+		push @globs, @{$remote->{$t}};
+
+		my $max_rev = eval { tmp_config(qw/--int --get/,
+		                         "svn-remote.$repo_id.${t}-maxRev") };
+		if (defined $max_rev && ($max_rev < $base)) {
+			$base = $max_rev;
+		} elsif (!defined $max_rev) {
+			$base = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if ($fetch) {
+		foreach my $p (sort keys %$fetch) {
+			my $gs = Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$p}, $repo_id, $p);
+			my $lr = $gs->rev_map_max;
+			if (defined $lr) {
+				$base = $lr if ($lr < $base);
+			}
+			push @gs, $gs;
+		}
+	}
+
+	($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument($base, $head);
+	$ra->gs_fetch_loop_common($base, $head, \@gs, \@globs);
+}
+
+sub read_all_remotes {
+	my $r = {};
+	my $use_svm_props = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --bool
+	    svn.useSvmProps/) };
+	$use_svm_props = $use_svm_props eq 'true' if $use_svm_props;
+	my $svn_refspec = qr{\s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*};
+	foreach (grep { s/^svn-remote\.// } command(qw/config -l/)) {
+		if (m!^(.+)\.fetch=$svn_refspec$!) {
+			my ($remote, $local_ref, $remote_ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
+			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' "
+			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
+				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
+			$local_ref = uri_decode($local_ref);
+			$r->{$remote}->{fetch}->{$local_ref} = $remote_ref;
+			$r->{$remote}->{svm} = {} if $use_svm_props;
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.usesvmprops=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{svm} = {};
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.url=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{url} = canonicalize_url($2);
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.pushurl=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{pushurl} = canonicalize_url($2);
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.ignore-refs=\s*(.*)\s*$!) {
+			$r->{$1}->{ignore_refs_regex} = $2;
+		} elsif (m!^(.+)\.(branches|tags)=$svn_refspec$!) {
+			my ($remote, $t, $local_ref, $remote_ref) =
+			                                     ($1, $2, $3, $4);
+			die("svn-remote.$remote: remote ref '$remote_ref' ($t) "
+			    . "must start with 'refs/'\n")
+				unless $remote_ref =~ m{^refs/};
+			$local_ref = uri_decode($local_ref);
+
+			require Git::SVN::GlobSpec;
+			my $rs = {
+			    t => $t,
+			    remote => $remote,
+			    path => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($local_ref, 1),
+			    ref => Git::SVN::GlobSpec->new($remote_ref, 0) };
+			if (length($rs->{ref}->{right}) != 0) {
+				die "The '*' glob character must be the last ",
+				    "character of '$remote_ref'\n";
+			}
+			push @{ $r->{$remote}->{$t} }, $rs;
+		}
+	}
+
+	map {
+		if (defined $r->{$_}->{svm}) {
+			my $svm;
+			eval {
+				my $section = "svn-remote.$_";
+				$svm = {
+					source => tmp_config('--get',
+					    "$section.svm-source"),
+					replace => tmp_config('--get',
+					    "$section.svm-replace"),
+				}
+			};
+			$r->{$_}->{svm} = $svm;
+		}
+	} keys %$r;
+
+	foreach my $remote (keys %$r) {
+		foreach ( grep { defined $_ }
+			  map { $r->{$remote}->{$_} } qw(branches tags) ) {
+			foreach my $rs ( @$_ ) {
+				$rs->{ignore_refs_regex} =
+				    $r->{$remote}->{ignore_refs_regex};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	$r;
+}
+
+sub init_vars {
+	$_gc_nr = $_gc_period = 1000;
+	if (defined $_repack || defined $_repack_flags) {
+	       warn "Repack options are obsolete; they have no effect.\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub verify_remotes_sanity {
+	return unless -d $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+	my %seen;
+	foreach (command(qw/config -l/)) {
+		if (m!^svn-remote\.(?:.+)\.fetch=.*:refs/remotes/(\S+)\s*$!) {
+			if ($seen{$1}) {
+				die "Remote ref refs/remote/$1 is tracked by",
+				    "\n  \"$_\"\nand\n  \"$seen{$1}\"\n",
+				    "Please resolve this ambiguity in ",
+				    "your git configuration file before ",
+				    "continuing\n";
+			}
+			$seen{$1} = $_;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub find_existing_remote {
+	my ($url, $remotes) = @_;
+	return undef if $no_reuse_existing;
+	my $existing;
+	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$remotes) {
+		my $u = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
+		next if $u ne $url;
+		$existing = $repo_id;
+		last;
+	}
+	$existing;
+}
+
+sub init_remote_config {
+	my ($self, $url, $no_write) = @_;
+	$url = canonicalize_url($url);
+	my $r = read_all_remotes();
+	my $existing = find_existing_remote($url, $r);
+	if ($existing) {
+		unless ($no_write) {
+			print STDERR "Using existing ",
+				     "[svn-remote \"$existing\"]\n";
+		}
+		$self->{repo_id} = $existing;
+	} elsif ($_minimize_url) {
+		my $min_url = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url)->minimize_url;
+		$existing = find_existing_remote($min_url, $r);
+		if ($existing) {
+			unless ($no_write) {
+				print STDERR "Using existing ",
+					     "[svn-remote \"$existing\"]\n";
+			}
+			$self->{repo_id} = $existing;
+		}
+		if ($min_url ne $url) {
+			unless ($no_write) {
+				print STDERR "Using higher level of URL: ",
+					     "$url => $min_url\n";
+			}
+			my $old_path = $self->path;
+			$url =~ s!^\Q$min_url\E(/|$)!!;
+			$url = join_paths($url, $old_path);
+			$self->path($url);
+			$url = $min_url;
+		}
+	}
+	my $orig_url;
+	if (!$existing) {
+		# verify that we aren't overwriting anything:
+		$orig_url = eval {
+			command_oneline('config', '--get',
+					"svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url")
+		};
+		if ($orig_url && ($orig_url ne $url)) {
+			die "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url already set: ",
+			    "$orig_url\nwanted to set to: $url\n";
+		}
+	}
+	my ($xrepo_id, $xpath) = find_ref($self->refname);
+	if (!$no_write && defined $xpath) {
+		die "svn-remote.$xrepo_id.fetch already set to track ",
+		    "$xpath:", $self->refname, "\n";
+	}
+	unless ($no_write) {
+		command_noisy('config',
+			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.url", $url);
+		my $path = $self->path;
+		$path =~ s{^/}{};
+		$path =~ s{%([0-9A-F]{2})}{chr hex($1)}ieg;
+		$self->path($path);
+		command_noisy('config', '--add',
+			      "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.fetch",
+			      $self->path.":".$self->refname);
+	}
+	$self->url($url);
+}
+
+sub find_by_url { # repos_root and, path are optional
+	my ($class, $full_url, $repos_root, $path) = @_;
+
+	$full_url = canonicalize_url($full_url);
+
+	return undef unless defined $full_url;
+	remove_username($full_url);
+	remove_username($repos_root) if defined $repos_root;
+	my $remotes = read_all_remotes();
+	if (defined $full_url && defined $repos_root && !defined $path) {
+		$path = $full_url;
+		$path =~ s#^\Q$repos_root\E(?:/|$)##;
+	}
+	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$remotes) {
+		my $u = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
+		remove_username($u);
+		next if defined $repos_root && $repos_root ne $u;
+
+		my $fetch = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{fetch} || {};
+		foreach my $t (qw/branches tags/) {
+			foreach my $globspec (@{$remotes->{$repo_id}->{$t}}) {
+				resolve_local_globs($u, $fetch, $globspec);
+			}
+		}
+		my $p = $path;
+		my $rwr = rewrite_root({repo_id => $repo_id});
+		my $svm = $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm}
+			if defined $remotes->{$repo_id}->{svm};
+		unless (defined $p) {
+			$p = $full_url;
+			my $z = $u;
+			my $prefix = '';
+			if ($rwr) {
+				$z = $rwr;
+				remove_username($z);
+			} elsif (defined $svm) {
+				$z = $svm->{source};
+				$prefix = $svm->{replace};
+				$prefix =~ s#^\Q$u\E(?:/|$)##;
+				$prefix =~ s#/$##;
+			}
+			$p =~ s#^\Q$z\E(?:/|$)#$prefix# or next;
+		}
+
+		# remote fetch paths are not URI escaped.  Decode ours
+		# so they match
+		$p = uri_decode($p);
+
+		foreach my $f (keys %$fetch) {
+			next if $f ne $p;
+			return Git::SVN->new($fetch->{$f}, $repo_id, $f);
+		}
+	}
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub init {
+	my ($class, $url, $path, $repo_id, $ref_id, $no_write) = @_;
+	my $self = _new($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path);
+	if (defined $url) {
+		$self->init_remote_config($url, $no_write);
+	}
+	$self;
+}
+
+sub find_ref {
+	my ($ref_id) = @_;
+	foreach (command(qw/config -l/)) {
+		next unless m!^svn-remote\.(.+)\.fetch=
+		              \s*(.*?)\s*:\s*(.+?)\s*$!x;
+		my ($repo_id, $path, $ref) = ($1, $2, $3);
+		if ($ref eq $ref_id) {
+			$path = '' if ($path =~ m#^\./?#);
+			return ($repo_id, $path);
+		}
+	}
+	(undef, undef, undef);
+}
+
+sub new {
+	my ($class, $ref_id, $repo_id, $path) = @_;
+	if (defined $ref_id && !defined $repo_id && !defined $path) {
+		($repo_id, $path) = find_ref($ref_id);
+		if (!defined $repo_id) {
+			die "Could not find a \"svn-remote.*.fetch\" key ",
+			    "in the repository configuration matching: ",
+			    "$ref_id\n";
+		}
+	}
+	my $self = _new($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path);
+	if (!defined $self->path || !length $self->path) {
+		my $fetch = command_oneline('config', '--get',
+		                            "svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch",
+		                            ":$ref_id\$") or
+		     die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.fetch\" ",
+		         "\":$ref_id\$\" in config\n";
+		my($path) = split(/\s*:\s*/, $fetch);
+		$self->path($path);
+	}
+	{
+		my $path = $self->path;
+		$path =~ s{\A/}{};
+		$path =~ s{/\z}{};
+		$self->path($path);
+	}
+	my $url = command_oneline('config', '--get',
+	                          "svn-remote.$repo_id.url") or
+                  die "Failed to read \"svn-remote.$repo_id.url\" in config\n";
+	$self->url($url);
+	$self->{pushurl} = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get',
+	                          "svn-remote.$repo_id.pushurl") };
+	$self->rebuild;
+	$self;
+}
+
+sub refname {
+	my ($refname) = $_[0]->{ref_id} ;
+
+	# It cannot end with a slash /, we'll throw up on this because
+	# SVN can't have directories with a slash in their name, either:
+	if ($refname =~ m{/$}) {
+		die "ref: '$refname' ends with a trailing slash, this is ",
+		    "not permitted by git nor Subversion\n";
+	}
+
+	# It cannot have ASCII control character space, tilde ~, caret ^,
+	# colon :, question-mark ?, asterisk *, space, or open bracket [
+	# anywhere.
+	#
+	# Additionally, % must be escaped because it is used for escaping
+	# and we want our escaped refname to be reversible
+	$refname =~ s{([ \%~\^:\?\*\[\t])}{sprintf('%%%02X',ord($1))}eg;
+
+	# no slash-separated component can begin with a dot .
+	# /.* becomes /%2E*
+	$refname =~ s{/\.}{/%2E}g;
+
+	# It cannot have two consecutive dots .. anywhere
+	# .. becomes %2E%2E
+	$refname =~ s{\.\.}{%2E%2E}g;
+
+	# trailing dots and .lock are not allowed
+	# .$ becomes %2E and .lock becomes %2Elock
+	$refname =~ s{\.(?=$|lock$)}{%2E};
+
+	# the sequence @{ is used to access the reflog
+	# @{ becomes %40{
+	$refname =~ s{\@\{}{%40\{}g;
+
+	return $refname;
+}
+
+sub desanitize_refname {
+	my ($refname) = @_;
+	$refname =~ s{%(?:([0-9A-F]{2}))}{chr hex($1)}eg;
+	return $refname;
+}
+
+sub svm_uuid {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->{svm}->{uuid} if $self->svm;
+	$self->ra;
+	unless ($self->{svm}) {
+		die "SVM UUID not cached, and reading remotely failed\n";
+	}
+	$self->{svm}->{uuid};
+}
+
+sub svm {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->{svm} if $self->{svm};
+	my $svm;
+	# see if we have it in our config, first:
+	eval {
+		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
+		$svm = {
+		  source => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-source"),
+		  uuid => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-uuid"),
+		  replace => tmp_config('--get', "$section.svm-replace"),
+		}
+	};
+	if ($svm && $svm->{source} && $svm->{uuid} && $svm->{replace}) {
+		$self->{svm} = $svm;
+	}
+	$self->{svm};
+}
+
+sub _set_svm_vars {
+	my ($self, $ra) = @_;
+	return $ra if $self->svm;
+
+	my @err = ( "useSvmProps set, but failed to read SVM properties\n",
+		    "(svm:source, svm:uuid) ",
+		    "from the following URLs:\n" );
+	sub read_svm_props {
+		my ($self, $ra, $path, $r) = @_;
+		my $props = ($ra->get_dir($path, $r))[2];
+		my $src = $props->{'svm:source'};
+		my $uuid = $props->{'svm:uuid'};
+		return undef if (!$src || !$uuid);
+
+		chomp($src, $uuid);
+
+		$uuid =~ m{^[0-9a-f\-]{30,}$}i
+		    or die "doesn't look right - svm:uuid is '$uuid'\n";
+
+		# the '!' is used to mark the repos_root!/relative/path
+		$src =~ s{/?!/?}{/};
+		$src =~ s{/+$}{}; # no trailing slashes please
+		# username is of no interest
+		$src =~ s{(^[a-z\+]*://)[^/@]*@}{$1};
+
+		my $replace = add_path_to_url($ra->url, $path);
+
+		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
+		tmp_config("$section.svm-source", $src);
+		tmp_config("$section.svm-replace", $replace);
+		tmp_config("$section.svm-uuid", $uuid);
+		$self->{svm} = {
+			source => $src,
+			uuid => $uuid,
+			replace => $replace
+		};
+	}
+
+	my $r = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+	my $path = $self->path;
+	my %tried;
+	while (length $path) {
+		my $try = add_path_to_url($self->url, $path);
+		unless ($tried{$try}) {
+			return $ra if $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
+			$tried{$try} = 1;
+		}
+		$path =~ s#/?[^/]+$##;
+	}
+	die "Path: '$path' should be ''\n" if $path ne '';
+	return $ra if $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
+	$tried{ add_path_to_url($self->url, $path) } = 1;
+
+	if ($ra->{repos_root} eq $self->url) {
+		die @err, (map { "  $_\n" } keys %tried), "\n";
+	}
+
+	# nope, make sure we're connected to the repository root:
+	my $ok;
+	my @tried_b;
+	$path = $ra->{svn_path};
+	$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra->{repos_root});
+	while (length $path) {
+		my $try = add_path_to_url($ra->url, $path);
+		unless ($tried{$try}) {
+			$ok = $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
+			last if $ok;
+			$tried{$try} = 1;
+		}
+		$path =~ s#/?[^/]+$##;
+	}
+	die "Path: '$path' should be ''\n" if $path ne '';
+	$ok ||= $self->read_svm_props($ra, $path, $r);
+	$tried{ add_path_to_url($ra->url, $path) } = 1;
+	if (!$ok) {
+		die @err, (map { "  $_\n" } keys %tried), "\n";
+	}
+	Git::SVN::Ra->new($self->url);
+}
+
+sub svnsync {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->{svnsync} if $self->{svnsync};
+
+	if ($self->no_metadata) {
+		die "Can't have both 'noMetadata' and ",
+		    "'useSvnsyncProps' options set!\n";
+	}
+	if ($self->rewrite_root) {
+		die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
+		    "options set!\n";
+	}
+	if ($self->rewrite_uuid) {
+		die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and 'rewriteUUID' ",
+		    "options set!\n";
+	}
+
+	my $svnsync;
+	# see if we have it in our config, first:
+	eval {
+		my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
+
+		my $url = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-url");
+		($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
+		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
+
+		my $uuid = tmp_config('--get', "$section.svnsync-uuid");
+		($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
+		   die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
+
+		$svnsync = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid }
+	};
+	if ($svnsync && $svnsync->{url} && $svnsync->{uuid}) {
+		return $self->{svnsync} = $svnsync;
+	}
+
+	my $err = "useSvnsyncProps set, but failed to read " .
+	          "svnsync property: svn:sync-from-";
+	my $rp = $self->ra->rev_proplist(0);
+
+	my $url = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-url'} or die $err . "url\n";
+	($url) = ($url =~ m{^([a-z\+]+://\S+)$}) or
+	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-url is '$url'\n";
+
+	my $uuid = $rp->{'svn:sync-from-uuid'} or die $err . "uuid\n";
+	($uuid) = ($uuid =~ m{^([0-9a-f\-]{30,})$}i) or
+	           die "doesn't look right - svn:sync-from-uuid is '$uuid'\n";
+
+	my $section = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}";
+	tmp_config('--add', "$section.svnsync-uuid", $uuid);
+	tmp_config('--add', "$section.svnsync-url", $url);
+	return $self->{svnsync} = { url => $url, uuid => $uuid };
+}
+
+# this allows us to memoize our SVN::Ra UUID locally and avoid a
+# remote lookup (useful for 'git svn log').
+sub ra_uuid {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	unless ($self->{ra_uuid}) {
+		my $key = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.uuid";
+		my $uuid = eval { tmp_config('--get', $key) };
+		if (!$@ && $uuid && $uuid =~ /^([a-f\d\-]{30,})$/i) {
+			$self->{ra_uuid} = $uuid;
+		} else {
+			die "ra_uuid called without URL\n" unless $self->url;
+			$self->{ra_uuid} = $self->ra->get_uuid;
+			tmp_config('--add', $key, $self->{ra_uuid});
+		}
+	}
+	$self->{ra_uuid};
+}
+
+sub _set_repos_root {
+	my ($self, $repos_root) = @_;
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
+	$repos_root ||= $self->ra->{repos_root};
+	tmp_config($k, $repos_root);
+	$repos_root;
+}
+
+sub repos_root {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.reposRoot";
+	eval { tmp_config('--get', $k) } || $self->_set_repos_root;
+}
+
+sub ra {
+	my ($self) = shift;
+	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($self->url);
+	$self->_set_repos_root($ra->{repos_root});
+	if ($self->use_svm_props && !$self->{svm}) {
+		if ($self->no_metadata) {
+			die "Can't have both 'noMetadata' and ",
+			    "'useSvmProps' options set!\n";
+		} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
+			die "Can't have both 'useSvnsyncProps' and ",
+			    "'useSvmProps' options set!\n";
+		}
+		$ra = $self->_set_svm_vars($ra);
+		$self->{-want_revprops} = 1;
+	}
+	$ra;
+}
+
+# prop_walk(PATH, REV, SUB)
+# -------------------------
+# Recursively traverse PATH at revision REV and invoke SUB for each
+# directory that contains a SVN property.  SUB will be invoked as
+# follows:  &SUB(gs, path, props);  where `gs' is this instance of
+# Git::SVN, `path' the path to the directory where the properties
+# `props' were found.  The `path' will be relative to point of checkout,
+# that is, if url://repo/trunk is the current Git branch, and that
+# directory contains a sub-directory `d', SUB will be invoked with `/d/'
+# as `path' (note the trailing `/').
+sub prop_walk {
+	my ($self, $path, $rev, $sub) = @_;
+
+	$path =~ s#^/##;
+	my ($dirent, undef, $props) = $self->ra->get_dir($path, $rev);
+	$path =~ s#^/*#/#g;
+	my $p = $path;
+	# Strip the irrelevant part of the path.
+	$p =~ s#^/+\Q@{[$self->path]}\E(/|$)#/#;
+	# Ensure the path is terminated by a `/'.
+	$p =~ s#/*$#/#;
+
+	# The properties contain all the internal SVN stuff nobody
+	# (usually) cares about.
+	my $interesting_props = 0;
+	foreach (keys %{$props}) {
+		# If it doesn't start with `svn:', it must be a
+		# user-defined property.
+		++$interesting_props and next if $_ !~ /^svn:/;
+		# FIXME: Fragile, if SVN adds new public properties,
+		# this needs to be updated.
+		++$interesting_props if /^svn:(?:ignore|keywords|executable
+		                                 |eol-style|mime-type
+						 |externals|needs-lock)$/x;
+	}
+	&$sub($self, $p, $props) if $interesting_props;
+
+	foreach (sort keys %$dirent) {
+		next if $dirent->{$_}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
+		$self->prop_walk($self->path . $p . $_, $rev, $sub);
+	}
+}
+
+sub last_rev { ($_[0]->last_rev_commit)[0] }
+sub last_commit { ($_[0]->last_rev_commit)[1] }
+
+# returns the newest SVN revision number and newest commit SHA1
+sub last_rev_commit {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	if (defined $self->{last_rev} && defined $self->{last_commit}) {
+		return ($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit});
+	}
+	my $c = ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0');
+	if ($c && !$self->use_svm_props && !$self->no_metadata) {
+		my $rev = (::cmt_metadata($c))[1];
+		if (defined $rev) {
+			($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $c);
+			return ($rev, $c);
+		}
+	}
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	unless (-e $map_path) {
+		($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = (undef, undef);
+		return (undef, undef);
+	}
+	my ($rev, $commit) = $self->rev_map_max(1);
+	($self->{last_rev}, $self->{last_commit}) = ($rev, $commit);
+	return ($rev, $commit);
+}
+
+sub get_fetch_range {
+	my ($self, $min, $max) = @_;
+	$max ||= $self->ra->get_latest_revnum;
+	$min ||= $self->rev_map_max;
+	(++$min, $max);
+}
+
+sub tmp_config {
+	my (@args) = @_;
+	my $old_def_config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config";
+	my $config = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.metadata";
+	if (! -f $config && -f $old_def_config) {
+		rename $old_def_config, $config or
+		       die "Failed rename $old_def_config => $config: $!\n";
+	}
+	my $old_config = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG};
+	$ENV{GIT_CONFIG} = $config;
+	$@ = undef;
+	my @ret = eval {
+		unless (-f $config) {
+			mkfile($config);
+			open my $fh, '>', $config or
+			    die "Can't open $config: $!\n";
+			print $fh "; This file is used internally by ",
+			          "git-svn\n" or die
+				  "Couldn't write to $config: $!\n";
+			print $fh "; You should not have to edit it\n" or
+			      die "Couldn't write to $config: $!\n";
+			close $fh or die "Couldn't close $config: $!\n";
+		}
+		command('config', @args);
+	};
+	my $err = $@;
+	if (defined $old_config) {
+		$ENV{GIT_CONFIG} = $old_config;
+	} else {
+		delete $ENV{GIT_CONFIG};
+	}
+	die $err if $err;
+	wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
+}
+
+sub tmp_index_do {
+	my ($self, $sub) = @_;
+	my $old_index = $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
+	$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $self->{index};
+	$@ = undef;
+	my @ret = eval {
+		my ($dir, $base) = ($self->{index} =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+		mkpath([$dir]) unless -d $dir;
+		&$sub;
+	};
+	my $err = $@;
+	if (defined $old_index) {
+		$ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE} = $old_index;
+	} else {
+		delete $ENV{GIT_INDEX_FILE};
+	}
+	die $err if $err;
+	wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
+}
+
+sub assert_index_clean {
+	my ($self, $treeish) = @_;
+
+	$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
+		command_noisy('read-tree', $treeish) unless -e $self->{index};
+		my $x = command_oneline('write-tree');
+		my ($y) = (command(qw/cat-file commit/, $treeish) =~
+		           /^tree ($::sha1)/mo);
+		return if $y eq $x;
+
+		warn "Index mismatch: $y != $x\nrereading $treeish\n";
+		unlink $self->{index} or die "unlink $self->{index}: $!\n";
+		command_noisy('read-tree', $treeish);
+		$x = command_oneline('write-tree');
+		if ($y ne $x) {
+			fatal "trees ($treeish) $y != $x\n",
+			      "Something is seriously wrong...";
+		}
+	});
+}
+
+sub get_commit_parents {
+	my ($self, $log_entry) = @_;
+	my (%seen, @ret, @tmp);
+	# legacy support for 'set-tree'; this is only used by set_tree_cb:
+	if (my $ip = $self->{inject_parents}) {
+		if (my $commit = delete $ip->{$log_entry->{revision}}) {
+			push @tmp, $commit;
+		}
+	}
+	if (my $cur = ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0')) {
+		push @tmp, $cur;
+	}
+	if (my $ipd = $self->{inject_parents_dcommit}) {
+		if (my $commit = delete $ipd->{$log_entry->{revision}}) {
+			push @tmp, @$commit;
+		}
+	}
+	push @tmp, $_ foreach (@{$log_entry->{parents}}, @tmp);
+	while (my $p = shift @tmp) {
+		next if $seen{$p};
+		$seen{$p} = 1;
+		push @ret, $p;
+	}
+	@ret;
+}
+
+sub rewrite_root {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->{-rewrite_root} if exists $self->{-rewrite_root};
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.rewriteRoot";
+	my $rwr = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
+	if ($rwr) {
+		$rwr =~ s#/+$##;
+		if ($rwr !~ m#^[a-z\+]+://#) {
+			die "$rwr is not a valid URL (key: $k)\n";
+		}
+	}
+	$self->{-rewrite_root} = $rwr;
+}
+
+sub rewrite_uuid {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->{-rewrite_uuid} if exists $self->{-rewrite_uuid};
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$self->{repo_id}.rewriteUUID";
+	my $rwid = eval { command_oneline(qw/config --get/, $k) };
+	if ($rwid) {
+		$rwid =~ s#/+$##;
+		if ($rwid !~ m#^[a-f0-9]{8}-(?:[a-f0-9]{4}-){3}[a-f0-9]{12}$#) {
+			die "$rwid is not a valid UUID (key: $k)\n";
+		}
+	}
+	$self->{-rewrite_uuid} = $rwid;
+}
+
+sub metadata_url {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $url = $self->rewrite_root || $self->url;
+	return canonicalize_url( add_path_to_url( $url, $self->path ) );
+}
+
+sub full_url {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return canonicalize_url( add_path_to_url( $self->url, $self->path ) );
+}
+
+sub full_pushurl {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	if ($self->{pushurl}) {
+		return canonicalize_url( add_path_to_url( $self->{pushurl}, $self->path ) );
+	} else {
+		return $self->full_url;
+	}
+}
+
+sub set_commit_header_env {
+	my ($log_entry) = @_;
+	my %env;
+	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
+		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
+			$env{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"} = $ENV{"GIT_${ac}_${ned}"};
+		}
+	}
+
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_NAME} = $log_entry->{name};
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL} = $log_entry->{email};
+	$ENV{GIT_AUTHOR_DATE} = $ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_DATE} = $log_entry->{date};
+
+	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_NAME} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_name})
+						? $log_entry->{commit_name}
+						: $log_entry->{name};
+	$ENV{GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL} = (defined $log_entry->{commit_email})
+						? $log_entry->{commit_email}
+						: $log_entry->{email};
+	\%env;
+}
+
+sub restore_commit_header_env {
+	my ($env) = @_;
+	foreach my $ned (qw/NAME EMAIL DATE/) {
+		foreach my $ac (qw/AUTHOR COMMITTER/) {
+			my $k = "GIT_${ac}_${ned}";
+			if (defined $env->{$k}) {
+				$ENV{$k} = $env->{$k};
+			} else {
+				delete $ENV{$k};
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub gc {
+	command_noisy('gc', '--auto');
+};
+
+sub do_git_commit {
+	my ($self, $log_entry) = @_;
+	my $lr = $self->last_rev;
+	if (defined $lr && $lr >= $log_entry->{revision}) {
+		die "Last fetched revision of ", $self->refname,
+		    " was r$lr, but we are about to fetch: ",
+		    "r$log_entry->{revision}!\n";
+	}
+	if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($log_entry->{revision})) {
+		croak "$log_entry->{revision} = $c already exists! ",
+		      "Why are we refetching it?\n";
+	}
+	my $old_env = set_commit_header_env($log_entry);
+	my $tree = $log_entry->{tree};
+	if (!defined $tree) {
+		$tree = $self->tmp_index_do(sub {
+		                            command_oneline('write-tree') });
+	}
+	die "Tree is not a valid sha1: $tree\n" if $tree !~ /^$::sha1$/o;
+
+	my @exec = ('git', 'commit-tree', $tree);
+	foreach ($self->get_commit_parents($log_entry)) {
+		push @exec, '-p', $_;
+	}
+	defined(my $pid = open3(my $msg_fh, my $out_fh, '>&STDERR', @exec))
+	                                                           or croak $!;
+	binmode $msg_fh;
+
+	# we always get UTF-8 from SVN, but we may want our commits in
+	# a different encoding.
+	if (my $enc = Git::config('i18n.commitencoding')) {
+		require Encode;
+		Encode::from_to($log_entry->{log}, 'UTF-8', $enc);
+	}
+	print $msg_fh $log_entry->{log} or croak $!;
+	restore_commit_header_env($old_env);
+	unless ($self->no_metadata) {
+		print $msg_fh "\ngit-svn-id: $log_entry->{metadata}\n"
+		              or croak $!;
+	}
+	$msg_fh->flush == 0 or croak $!;
+	close $msg_fh or croak $!;
+	chomp(my $commit = do { local $/; <$out_fh> });
+	close $out_fh or croak $!;
+	waitpid $pid, 0;
+	croak $? if $?;
+	if ($commit !~ /^$::sha1$/o) {
+		die "Failed to commit, invalid sha1: $commit\n";
+	}
+
+	$self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{revision}, $commit, 1);
+
+	$self->{last_rev} = $log_entry->{revision};
+	$self->{last_commit} = $commit;
+	print "r$log_entry->{revision}" unless $::_q > 1;
+	if (defined $log_entry->{svm_revision}) {
+		 print " (\@$log_entry->{svm_revision})" unless $::_q > 1;
+		 $self->rev_map_set($log_entry->{svm_revision}, $commit,
+		                   0, $self->svm_uuid);
+	}
+	print " = $commit ($self->{ref_id})\n" unless $::_q > 1;
+	if (--$_gc_nr == 0) {
+		$_gc_nr = $_gc_period;
+		gc();
+	}
+	return $commit;
+}
+
+sub match_paths {
+	my ($self, $paths, $r) = @_;
+	return 1 if $self->path eq '';
+	if (my $path = $paths->{"/".$self->path}) {
+		return ($path->{action} eq 'D') ? 0 : 1;
+	}
+	$self->{path_regex} ||= qr{^/\Q@{[$self->path]}\E/};
+	if (grep /$self->{path_regex}/, keys %$paths) {
+		return 1;
+	}
+	my $c = '';
+	foreach (split m#/#, $self->path) {
+		$c .= "/$_";
+		next unless ($paths->{$c} &&
+		             ($paths->{$c}->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/));
+		if ($self->ra->check_path($self->path, $r) ==
+		    $SVN::Node::dir) {
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+sub find_parent_branch {
+	my ($self, $paths, $rev) = @_;
+	return undef unless $self->follow_parent;
+	unless (defined $paths) {
+		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
+		$SVN::Error::handler = \&Git::SVN::Ra::skip_unknown_revs;
+		$self->ra->get_log([$self->path], $rev, $rev, 0, 1, 1,
+				   sub { $paths = $_[0] });
+		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
+	}
+	return undef unless defined $paths;
+
+	# look for a parent from another branch:
+	my @b_path_components = split m#/#, $self->path;
+	my @a_path_components;
+	my $i;
+	while (@b_path_components) {
+		$i = $paths->{'/'.join('/', @b_path_components)};
+		last if $i && defined $i->{copyfrom_path};
+		unshift(@a_path_components, pop(@b_path_components));
+	}
+	return undef unless defined $i && defined $i->{copyfrom_path};
+	my $branch_from = $i->{copyfrom_path};
+	if (@a_path_components) {
+		print STDERR "branch_from: $branch_from => ";
+		$branch_from .= '/'.join('/', @a_path_components);
+		print STDERR $branch_from, "\n";
+	}
+	my $r = $i->{copyfrom_rev};
+	my $repos_root = $self->ra->{repos_root};
+	my $url = $self->ra->url;
+	my $new_url = canonicalize_url( add_path_to_url( $url, $branch_from ) );
+	print STDERR  "Found possible branch point: ",
+	              "$new_url => ", $self->full_url, ", $r\n"
+	              unless $::_q > 1;
+	$branch_from =~ s#^/##;
+	my $gs = $self->other_gs($new_url, $url,
+		                 $branch_from, $r, $self->{ref_id});
+	my ($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
+	{
+		my ($base, $head);
+		if (!defined $r0 || !defined $parent) {
+			($base, $head) = parse_revision_argument(0, $r);
+		} else {
+			if ($r0 < $r) {
+				$gs->ra->get_log([$gs->path], $r0 + 1, $r, 1,
+					0, 1, sub { $base = $_[1] - 1 });
+			}
+		}
+		if (defined $base && $base <= $r) {
+			$gs->fetch($base, $r);
+		}
+		($r0, $parent) = $gs->find_rev_before($r, 1);
+	}
+	if (defined $r0 && defined $parent) {
+		print STDERR "Found branch parent: ($self->{ref_id}) $parent\n"
+		             unless $::_q > 1;
+		my $ed;
+		if ($self->ra->can_do_switch) {
+			$self->assert_index_clean($parent);
+			print STDERR "Following parent with do_switch\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
+			# do_switch works with svn/trunk >= r22312, but that
+			# is not included with SVN 1.4.3 (the latest version
+			# at the moment), so we can't rely on it
+			$self->{last_rev} = $r0;
+			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
+			$ed = Git::SVN::Fetcher->new($self, $gs->path);
+			$gs->ra->gs_do_switch($r0, $rev, $gs,
+					      $self->full_url, $ed)
+			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
+		} elsif ($self->ra->trees_match($new_url, $r0,
+			                        $self->full_url, $rev)) {
+			print STDERR "Trees match:\n",
+			             "  $new_url\@$r0\n",
+			             "  ${\$self->full_url}\@$rev\n",
+			             "Following parent with no changes\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
+			$self->tmp_index_do(sub {
+			    command_noisy('read-tree', $parent);
+			});
+			$self->{last_commit} = $parent;
+		} else {
+			print STDERR "Following parent with do_update\n"
+			             unless $::_q > 1;
+			$ed = Git::SVN::Fetcher->new($self);
+			$self->ra->gs_do_update($rev, $rev, $self, $ed)
+			  or die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
+		}
+		print STDERR "Successfully followed parent\n" unless $::_q > 1;
+		return $self->make_log_entry($rev, [$parent], $ed);
+	}
+	return undef;
+}
+
+sub do_fetch {
+	my ($self, $paths, $rev) = @_;
+	my $ed;
+	my ($last_rev, @parents);
+	if (my $lc = $self->last_commit) {
+		# we can have a branch that was deleted, then re-added
+		# under the same name but copied from another path, in
+		# which case we'll have multiple parents (we don't
+		# want to break the original ref, nor lose copypath info):
+		if (my $log_entry = $self->find_parent_branch($paths, $rev)) {
+			push @{$log_entry->{parents}}, $lc;
+			return $log_entry;
+		}
+		$ed = Git::SVN::Fetcher->new($self);
+		$last_rev = $self->{last_rev};
+		$ed->{c} = $lc;
+		@parents = ($lc);
+	} else {
+		$last_rev = $rev;
+		if (my $log_entry = $self->find_parent_branch($paths, $rev)) {
+			return $log_entry;
+		}
+		$ed = Git::SVN::Fetcher->new($self);
+	}
+	unless ($self->ra->gs_do_update($last_rev, $rev, $self, $ed)) {
+		die "SVN connection failed somewhere...\n";
+	}
+	$self->make_log_entry($rev, \@parents, $ed);
+}
+
+sub mkemptydirs {
+	my ($self, $r) = @_;
+
+	sub scan {
+		my ($r, $empty_dirs, $line) = @_;
+		if (defined $r && $line =~ /^r(\d+)$/) {
+			return 0 if $1 > $r;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \+empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
+			$empty_dirs->{$1} = 1;
+		} elsif ($line =~ /^  \-empty_dir: (.+)$/) {
+			my @d = grep {m[^\Q$1\E(/|$)]} (keys %$empty_dirs);
+			delete @$empty_dirs{@d};
+		}
+		1; # continue
+	};
+
+	my %empty_dirs = ();
+	my $gz_file = "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log.gz";
+	if (-f $gz_file) {
+		if (!can_compress()) {
+			warn "Compress::Zlib could not be found; ",
+			     "empty directories in $gz_file will not be read\n";
+		} else {
+			my $gz = Compress::Zlib::gzopen($gz_file, "rb") or
+				die "Unable to open $gz_file: $!\n";
+			my $line;
+			while ($gz->gzreadline($line) > 0) {
+				scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $line) or last;
+			}
+			$gz->gzclose;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (open my $fh, '<', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log") {
+		binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+		while (<$fh>) {
+			scan($r, \%empty_dirs, $_) or last;
+		}
+		close $fh;
+	}
+
+	my $strip = qr/\A\Q@{[$self->path]}\E(?:\/|$)/;
+	foreach my $d (sort keys %empty_dirs) {
+		$d = uri_decode($d);
+		$d =~ s/$strip//;
+		next unless length($d);
+		next if -d $d;
+		if (-e $d) {
+			warn "$d exists but is not a directory\n";
+		} else {
+			print "creating empty directory: $d\n";
+			mkpath([$d]);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub get_untracked {
+	my ($self, $ed) = @_;
+	my @out;
+	my $h = $ed->{empty};
+	foreach (sort keys %$h) {
+		my $act = $h->{$_} ? '+empty_dir' : '-empty_dir';
+		push @out, "  $act: " . uri_encode($_);
+		warn "W: $act: $_\n";
+	}
+	foreach my $t (qw/dir_prop file_prop/) {
+		$h = $ed->{$t} or next;
+		foreach my $path (sort keys %$h) {
+			my $ppath = $path eq '' ? '.' : $path;
+			foreach my $prop (sort keys %{$h->{$path}}) {
+				next if $SKIP_PROP{$prop};
+				my $v = $h->{$path}->{$prop};
+				my $t_ppath_prop = "$t: " .
+				                    uri_encode($ppath) . ' ' .
+				                    uri_encode($prop);
+				if (defined $v) {
+					push @out, "  +$t_ppath_prop " .
+					           uri_encode($v);
+				} else {
+					push @out, "  -$t_ppath_prop";
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	foreach my $t (qw/absent_file absent_directory/) {
+		$h = $ed->{$t} or next;
+		foreach my $parent (sort keys %$h) {
+			foreach my $path (sort @{$h->{$parent}}) {
+				push @out, "  $t: " .
+				           uri_encode("$parent/$path");
+				warn "W: $t: $parent/$path ",
+				     "Insufficient permissions?\n";
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	\@out;
+}
+
+sub get_tz {
+	# some systmes don't handle or mishandle %z, so be creative.
+	my $t = shift || time;
+	my $gm = timelocal(gmtime($t));
+	my $sign = qw( + + - )[ $t <=> $gm ];
+	return sprintf("%s%02d%02d", $sign, (gmtime(abs($t - $gm)))[2,1]);
+}
+
+# parse_svn_date(DATE)
+# --------------------
+# Given a date (in UTC) from Subversion, return a string in the format
+# "<TZ Offset> <local date/time>" that Git will use.
+#
+# By default the parsed date will be in UTC; if $Git::SVN::_localtime
+# is true we'll convert it to the local timezone instead.
+sub parse_svn_date {
+	my $date = shift || return '+0000 1970-01-01 00:00:00';
+	my ($Y,$m,$d,$H,$M,$S) = ($date =~ /^(\d{4})\-(\d\d)\-(\d\d)T
+	                                    (\d\d)\:(\d\d)\:(\d\d)\.\d*Z$/x) or
+	                                 croak "Unable to parse date: $date\n";
+	my $parsed_date;    # Set next.
+
+	if ($Git::SVN::_localtime) {
+		# Translate the Subversion datetime to an epoch time.
+		# Begin by switching ourselves to $date's timezone, UTC.
+		my $old_env_TZ = $ENV{TZ};
+		$ENV{TZ} = 'UTC';
+
+		my $epoch_in_UTC =
+		    POSIX::strftime('%s', $S, $M, $H, $d, $m - 1, $Y - 1900);
+
+		# Determine our local timezone (including DST) at the
+		# time of $epoch_in_UTC.  $Git::SVN::Log::TZ stored the
+		# value of TZ, if any, at the time we were run.
+		if (defined $Git::SVN::Log::TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $Git::SVN::Log::TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+
+		my $our_TZ = get_tz();
+
+		# This converts $epoch_in_UTC into our local timezone.
+		my ($sec, $min, $hour, $mday, $mon, $year,
+		    $wday, $yday, $isdst) = localtime($epoch_in_UTC);
+
+		$parsed_date = sprintf('%s %04d-%02d-%02d %02d:%02d:%02d',
+				       $our_TZ, $year + 1900, $mon + 1,
+				       $mday, $hour, $min, $sec);
+
+		# Reset us to the timezone in effect when we entered
+		# this routine.
+		if (defined $old_env_TZ) {
+			$ENV{TZ} = $old_env_TZ;
+		} else {
+			delete $ENV{TZ};
+		}
+	} else {
+		$parsed_date = "+0000 $Y-$m-$d $H:$M:$S";
+	}
+
+	return $parsed_date;
+}
+
+sub other_gs {
+	my ($self, $new_url, $url,
+	    $branch_from, $r, $old_ref_id) = @_;
+	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($new_url, $url, $branch_from);
+	unless ($gs) {
+		my $ref_id = $old_ref_id;
+		$ref_id =~ s/\@\d+-*$//;
+		$ref_id .= "\@$r";
+		# just grow a tail if we're not unique enough :x
+		$ref_id .= '-' while find_ref($ref_id);
+		my ($u, $p, $repo_id) = ($new_url, '', $ref_id);
+		if ($u =~ s#^\Q$url\E(/|$)##) {
+			$p = $u;
+			$u = $url;
+			$repo_id = $self->{repo_id};
+		}
+		while (1) {
+			# It is possible to tag two different subdirectories at
+			# the same revision.  If the url for an existing ref
+			# does not match, we must either find a ref with a
+			# matching url or create a new ref by growing a tail.
+			$gs = Git::SVN->init($u, $p, $repo_id, $ref_id, 1);
+			my (undef, $max_commit) = $gs->rev_map_max(1);
+			last if (!$max_commit);
+			my ($url) = ::cmt_metadata($max_commit);
+			last if ($url eq $gs->metadata_url);
+			$ref_id .= '-';
+		}
+		print STDERR "Initializing parent: $ref_id\n" unless $::_q > 1;
+	}
+	$gs
+}
+
+sub call_authors_prog {
+	my ($orig_author) = @_;
+	$orig_author = command_oneline('rev-parse', '--sq-quote', $orig_author);
+	my $author = `$::_authors_prog $orig_author`;
+	if ($? != 0) {
+		die "$::_authors_prog failed with exit code $?\n"
+	}
+	if ($author =~ /^\s*(.+?)\s*<(.*)>\s*$/) {
+		my ($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
+		$email = undef if length $2 == 0;
+		return [$name, $email];
+	} else {
+		die "Author: $orig_author: $::_authors_prog returned "
+			. "invalid author format: $author\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub check_author {
+	my ($author) = @_;
+	if (!defined $author || length $author == 0) {
+		$author = '(no author)';
+	}
+	if (!defined $::users{$author}) {
+		if (defined $::_authors_prog) {
+			$::users{$author} = call_authors_prog($author);
+		} elsif (defined $::_authors) {
+			die "Author: $author not defined in $::_authors file\n";
+		}
+	}
+	$author;
+}
+
+sub find_extra_svk_parents {
+	my ($self, $ed, $tickets, $parents) = @_;
+	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
+	my @tickets = split "\n", $tickets;
+	my @known_parents;
+	for my $ticket ( @tickets ) {
+		my ($uuid, $path, $rev) = split /:/, $ticket;
+		if ( $uuid eq $self->ra_uuid ) {
+			my $repos_root = $self->url;
+			my $branch_from = $path;
+			$branch_from =~ s{^/}{};
+			my $gs = $self->other_gs(add_path_to_url( $repos_root, $branch_from ),
+			                         $repos_root,
+			                         $branch_from,
+			                         $rev,
+			                         $self->{ref_id});
+			if ( my $commit = $gs->rev_map_get($rev, $uuid) ) {
+				# wahey!  we found it, but it might be
+				# an old one (!)
+				push @known_parents, [ $rev, $commit ];
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	# Ordering matters; highest-numbered commit merge tickets
+	# first, as they may account for later merge ticket additions
+	# or changes.
+	@known_parents = map {$_->[1]} sort {$b->[0] <=> $a->[0]} @known_parents;
+	for my $parent ( @known_parents ) {
+		my @cmd = ('rev-list', $parent, map { "^$_" } @$parents );
+		my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@cmd);
+		my $new;
+		while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
+			$new=1;last;
+		}
+		command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
+		if ( $new ) {
+			print STDERR
+			    "Found merge parent (svk:merge ticket): $parent\n";
+			push @$parents, $parent;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub lookup_svn_merge {
+	my $uuid = shift;
+	my $url = shift;
+	my $merge = shift;
+
+	my ($source, $revs) = split ":", $merge;
+	my $path = $source;
+	$path =~ s{^/}{};
+	my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($url.$source, $url, $path);
+	if ( !$gs ) {
+		warn "Couldn't find revmap for $url$source\n";
+		return;
+	}
+	my @ranges = split ",", $revs;
+	my ($tip, $tip_commit);
+	my @merged_commit_ranges;
+	# find the tip
+	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
+		my ($bottom, $top) = split "-", $range;
+		$top ||= $bottom;
+		my $bottom_commit = $gs->find_rev_after( $bottom, 1, $top );
+		my $top_commit = $gs->find_rev_before( $top, 1, $bottom );
+
+		unless ($top_commit and $bottom_commit) {
+			warn "W:unknown path/rev in svn:mergeinfo "
+				."dirprop: $source:$range\n";
+			next;
+		}
+
+		if (scalar(command('rev-parse', "$bottom_commit^@"))) {
+			push @merged_commit_ranges,
+			     "$bottom_commit^..$top_commit";
+		} else {
+			push @merged_commit_ranges, "$top_commit";
+		}
+
+		if ( !defined $tip or $top > $tip ) {
+			$tip = $top;
+			$tip_commit = $top_commit;
+		}
+	}
+	return ($tip_commit, @merged_commit_ranges);
+}
+
+sub _rev_list {
+	my ($msg_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(
+		"rev-list", @_,
+	       );
+	my @rv;
+	while ( <$msg_fh> ) {
+		chomp;
+		push @rv, $_;
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($msg_fh, $ctx);
+	@rv;
+}
+
+sub check_cherry_pick {
+	my $base = shift;
+	my $tip = shift;
+	my $parents = shift;
+	my @ranges = @_;
+	my %commits = map { $_ => 1 }
+		_rev_list("--no-merges", $tip, "--not", $base, @$parents, "--");
+	for my $range ( @ranges ) {
+		delete @commits{_rev_list($range, "--")};
+	}
+	for my $commit (keys %commits) {
+		if (has_no_changes($commit)) {
+			delete $commits{$commit};
+		}
+	}
+	return (keys %commits);
+}
+
+sub has_no_changes {
+	my $commit = shift;
+
+	my @revs = split / /, command_oneline(
+		qw(rev-list --parents -1 -m), $commit);
+
+	# Commits with no parents, e.g. the start of a partial branch,
+	# have changes by definition.
+	return 1 if (@revs < 2);
+
+	# Commits with multiple parents, e.g a merge, have no changes
+	# by definition.
+	return 0 if (@revs > 2);
+
+	return (command_oneline("rev-parse", "$commit^{tree}") eq
+		command_oneline("rev-parse", "$commit~1^{tree}"));
+}
+
+sub tie_for_persistent_memoization {
+	my $hash = shift;
+	my $path = shift;
+
+	if ($can_use_yaml) {
+		tie %$hash => 'Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML', "$path.yaml";
+	} else {
+		tie %$hash => 'Memoize::Storable', "$path.db", 'nstore';
+	}
+}
+
+# The GIT_DIR environment variable is not always set until after the command
+# line arguments are processed, so we can't memoize in a BEGIN block.
+{
+	my $memoized = 0;
+
+	sub memoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions {
+		return if $memoized;
+		$memoized = 1;
+
+		my $cache_path = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.caches/";
+		mkpath([$cache_path]) unless -d $cache_path;
+
+		my %lookup_svn_merge_cache;
+		my %check_cherry_pick_cache;
+		my %has_no_changes_cache;
+
+		tie_for_persistent_memoization(\%lookup_svn_merge_cache,
+		    "$cache_path/lookup_svn_merge");
+		memoize 'lookup_svn_merge',
+			SCALAR_CACHE => 'FAULT',
+			LIST_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%lookup_svn_merge_cache],
+		;
+
+		tie_for_persistent_memoization(\%check_cherry_pick_cache,
+		    "$cache_path/check_cherry_pick");
+		memoize 'check_cherry_pick',
+			SCALAR_CACHE => 'FAULT',
+			LIST_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%check_cherry_pick_cache],
+		;
+
+		tie_for_persistent_memoization(\%has_no_changes_cache,
+		    "$cache_path/has_no_changes");
+		memoize 'has_no_changes',
+			SCALAR_CACHE => ['HASH' => \%has_no_changes_cache],
+			LIST_CACHE => 'FAULT',
+		;
+	}
+
+	sub unmemoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions {
+		return if not $memoized;
+		$memoized = 0;
+
+		Memoize::unmemoize 'lookup_svn_merge';
+		Memoize::unmemoize 'check_cherry_pick';
+		Memoize::unmemoize 'has_no_changes';
+	}
+
+	sub clear_memoized_mergeinfo_caches {
+		die "Only call this method in non-memoized context" if ($memoized);
+
+		my $cache_path = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/.caches/";
+		return unless -d $cache_path;
+
+		for my $cache_file (("$cache_path/lookup_svn_merge",
+				     "$cache_path/check_cherry_pick",
+				     "$cache_path/has_no_changes")) {
+			for my $suffix (qw(yaml db)) {
+				my $file = "$cache_file.$suffix";
+				next unless -e $file;
+				unlink($file) or die "unlink($file) failed: $!\n";
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+
+	Memoize::memoize 'Git::SVN::repos_root';
+}
+
+END {
+	# Force cache writeout explicitly instead of waiting for
+	# global destruction to avoid segfault in Storable:
+	# http://rt.cpan.org/Public/Bug/Display.html?id=36087
+	unmemoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions();
+}
+
+sub parents_exclude {
+	my $parents = shift;
+	my @commits = @_;
+	return unless @commits;
+
+	my @excluded;
+	my $excluded;
+	do {
+		my @cmd = ('rev-list', "-1", @commits, "--not", @$parents );
+		$excluded = command_oneline(@cmd);
+		if ( $excluded ) {
+			my @new;
+			my $found;
+			for my $commit ( @commits ) {
+				if ( $commit eq $excluded ) {
+					push @excluded, $commit;
+					$found++;
+				}
+				else {
+					push @new, $commit;
+				}
+			}
+			die "saw commit '$excluded' in rev-list output, "
+				."but we didn't ask for that commit (wanted: @commits --not @$parents)"
+					unless $found;
+			@commits = @new;
+		}
+	}
+		while ($excluded and @commits);
+
+	return @excluded;
+}
+
+
+# note: this function should only be called if the various dirprops
+# have actually changed
+sub find_extra_svn_parents {
+	my ($self, $ed, $mergeinfo, $parents) = @_;
+	# aha!  svk:merge property changed...
+
+	memoize_svn_mergeinfo_functions();
+
+	# We first search for merged tips which are not in our
+	# history.  Then, we figure out which git revisions are in
+	# that tip, but not this revision.  If all of those revisions
+	# are now marked as merge, we can add the tip as a parent.
+	my @merges = split "\n", $mergeinfo;
+	my @merge_tips;
+	my $url = $self->url;
+	my $uuid = $self->ra_uuid;
+	my @all_ranges;
+	for my $merge ( @merges ) {
+		my ($tip_commit, @ranges) =
+			lookup_svn_merge( $uuid, $url, $merge );
+		unless (!$tip_commit or
+				grep { $_ eq $tip_commit } @$parents ) {
+			push @merge_tips, $tip_commit;
+			push @all_ranges, @ranges;
+		} else {
+			push @merge_tips, undef;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my %excluded = map { $_ => 1 }
+		parents_exclude($parents, grep { defined } @merge_tips);
+
+	# check merge tips for new parents
+	my @new_parents;
+	for my $merge_tip ( @merge_tips ) {
+		my $spec = shift @merges;
+		next unless $merge_tip and $excluded{$merge_tip};
+
+		# check out 'new' tips
+		my $merge_base;
+		eval {
+			$merge_base = command_oneline(
+				"merge-base",
+				@$parents, $merge_tip,
+			);
+		};
+		if ($@) {
+			die "An error occurred during merge-base"
+				unless $@->isa("Git::Error::Command");
+
+			warn "W: Cannot find common ancestor between ".
+			     "@$parents and $merge_tip. Ignoring merge info.\n";
+			next;
+		}
+
+		# double check that there are no missing non-merge commits
+		my (@incomplete) = check_cherry_pick(
+			$merge_base, $merge_tip,
+			$parents,
+			@all_ranges,
+		       );
+
+		if ( @incomplete ) {
+			warn "W:svn cherry-pick ignored ($spec) - missing "
+				.@incomplete." commit(s) (eg $incomplete[0])\n";
+		} else {
+			warn
+				"Found merge parent (svn:mergeinfo prop): ",
+					$merge_tip, "\n";
+			push @new_parents, $merge_tip;
+		}
+	}
+
+	# cater for merges which merge commits from multiple branches
+	if ( @new_parents > 1 ) {
+		for ( my $i = 0; $i <= $#new_parents; $i++ ) {
+			for ( my $j = 0; $j <= $#new_parents; $j++ ) {
+				next if $i == $j;
+				next unless $new_parents[$i];
+				next unless $new_parents[$j];
+				my $revs = command_oneline(
+					"rev-list", "-1",
+					"$new_parents[$i]..$new_parents[$j]",
+				       );
+				if ( !$revs ) {
+					undef($new_parents[$j]);
+				}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	push @$parents, grep { defined } @new_parents;
+}
+
+sub make_log_entry {
+	my ($self, $rev, $parents, $ed) = @_;
+	my $untracked = $self->get_untracked($ed);
+
+	my @parents = @$parents;
+	my $ps = $ed->{path_strip} || "";
+	for my $path ( grep { m/$ps/ } %{$ed->{dir_prop}} ) {
+		my $props = $ed->{dir_prop}{$path};
+		if ( $props->{"svk:merge"} ) {
+			$self->find_extra_svk_parents
+				($ed, $props->{"svk:merge"}, \@parents);
+		}
+		if ( $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"} ) {
+			$self->find_extra_svn_parents
+				($ed,
+				 $props->{"svn:mergeinfo"},
+				 \@parents);
+		}
+	}
+
+	open my $un, '>>', "$self->{dir}/unhandled.log" or croak $!;
+	print $un "r$rev\n" or croak $!;
+	print $un $_, "\n" foreach @$untracked;
+	my %log_entry = ( parents => \@parents, revision => $rev,
+	                  log => '');
+
+	my $headrev;
+	my $logged = delete $self->{logged_rev_props};
+	if (!$logged || $self->{-want_revprops}) {
+		my $rp = $self->ra->rev_proplist($rev);
+		foreach (sort keys %$rp) {
+			my $v = $rp->{$_};
+			if (/^svn:(author|date|log)$/) {
+				$log_entry{$1} = $v;
+			} elsif ($_ eq 'svm:headrev') {
+				$headrev = $v;
+			} else {
+				print $un "  rev_prop: ", uri_encode($_), ' ',
+					  uri_encode($v), "\n";
+			}
+		}
+	} else {
+		map { $log_entry{$_} = $logged->{$_} } keys %$logged;
+	}
+	close $un or croak $!;
+
+	$log_entry{date} = parse_svn_date($log_entry{date});
+	$log_entry{log} .= "\n";
+	my $author = $log_entry{author} = check_author($log_entry{author});
+	my ($name, $email) = defined $::users{$author} ? @{$::users{$author}}
+						       : ($author, undef);
+
+	my ($commit_name, $commit_email) = ($name, $email);
+	if ($_use_log_author) {
+		my $name_field;
+		if ($log_entry{log} =~ /From:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
+			$name_field = $1;
+		} elsif ($log_entry{log} =~ /Signed-off-by:\s+(.*\S)\s*\n/i) {
+			$name_field = $1;
+		}
+		if (!defined $name_field) {
+			if (!defined $email) {
+				$email = $name;
+			}
+		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*?)\s+<(.*)>/) {
+			($name, $email) = ($1, $2);
+		} elsif ($name_field =~ /(.*)@/) {
+			($name, $email) = ($1, $name_field);
+		} else {
+			($name, $email) = ($name_field, $name_field);
+		}
+	}
+	if (defined $headrev && $self->use_svm_props) {
+		if ($self->rewrite_root) {
+			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteRoot' ",
+			    "options set!\n";
+		}
+		if ($self->rewrite_uuid) {
+			die "Can't have both 'useSvmProps' and 'rewriteUUID' ",
+			    "options set!\n";
+		}
+		my ($uuid, $r) = $headrev =~ m{^([a-f\d\-]{30,}):(\d+)$}i;
+		# we don't want "SVM: initializing mirror for junk" ...
+		return undef if $r == 0;
+		my $svm = $self->svm;
+		if ($uuid ne $svm->{uuid}) {
+			die "UUID mismatch on SVM path:\n",
+			    "expected: $svm->{uuid}\n",
+			    "     got: $uuid\n";
+		}
+		my $full_url = $self->full_url;
+		$full_url =~ s#^\Q$svm->{replace}\E(/|$)#$svm->{source}$1# or
+		             die "Failed to replace '$svm->{replace}' with ",
+		                 "'$svm->{source}' in $full_url\n";
+		# throw away username for storing in records
+		remove_username($full_url);
+		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$r $uuid";
+		$log_entry{svm_revision} = $r;
+		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+	} elsif ($self->use_svnsync_props) {
+		my $full_url = canonicalize_url(
+			add_path_to_url( $self->svnsync->{url}, $self->path )
+		);
+		remove_username($full_url);
+		my $uuid = $self->svnsync->{uuid};
+		$log_entry{metadata} = "$full_url\@$rev $uuid";
+		$email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@$uuid";
+	} else {
+		my $url = $self->metadata_url;
+		remove_username($url);
+		my $uuid = $self->rewrite_uuid || $self->ra->get_uuid;
+		$log_entry{metadata} = "$url\@$rev " . $uuid;
+		$email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
+		$commit_email ||= "$author\@" . $uuid;
+	}
+	$log_entry{name} = $name;
+	$log_entry{email} = $email;
+	$log_entry{commit_name} = $commit_name;
+	$log_entry{commit_email} = $commit_email;
+	\%log_entry;
+}
+
+sub fetch {
+	my ($self, $min_rev, $max_rev, @parents) = @_;
+	my ($last_rev, $last_commit) = $self->last_rev_commit;
+	my ($base, $head) = $self->get_fetch_range($min_rev, $max_rev);
+	$self->ra->gs_fetch_loop_common($base, $head, [$self]);
+}
+
+sub set_tree_cb {
+	my ($self, $log_entry, $tree, $rev, $date, $author) = @_;
+	$self->{inject_parents} = { $rev => $tree };
+	$self->fetch(undef, undef);
+}
+
+sub set_tree {
+	my ($self, $tree) = (shift, shift);
+	my $log_entry = ::get_commit_entry($tree);
+	unless ($self->{last_rev}) {
+		fatal("Must have an existing revision to commit");
+	}
+	my %ed_opts = ( r => $self->{last_rev},
+	                log => $log_entry->{log},
+	                ra => $self->ra,
+	                tree_a => $self->{last_commit},
+	                tree_b => $tree,
+	                editor_cb => sub {
+			       $self->set_tree_cb($log_entry, $tree, @_) },
+	                svn_path => $self->path );
+	if (!Git::SVN::Editor->new(\%ed_opts)->apply_diff) {
+		print "No changes\nr$self->{last_rev} = $tree\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub rebuild_from_rev_db {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	my $r = -1;
+	open my $fh, '<', $path or croak "open: $!";
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		length($_) == 41 or croak "inconsistent size in ($_) != 41";
+		chomp($_);
+		++$r;
+		next if $_ eq ('0' x 40);
+		$self->rev_map_set($r, $_);
+		print "r$r = $_\n";
+	}
+	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+	unlink $path or croak "unlink: $!";
+}
+
+sub rebuild {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	my $partial = (-e $map_path && ! -z $map_path);
+	return unless ::verify_ref($self->refname.'^0');
+	if (!$partial && ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata)) {
+		my $rev_db = $self->rev_db_path;
+		$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($rev_db);
+		if ($self->use_svm_props) {
+			my $svm_rev_db = $self->rev_db_path($self->svm_uuid);
+			$self->rebuild_from_rev_db($svm_rev_db);
+		}
+		$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
+		return;
+	}
+	print "Rebuilding $map_path ...\n" if (!$partial);
+	my ($base_rev, $head) = ($partial ? $self->rev_map_max_norebuild(1) :
+		(undef, undef));
+	my ($log, $ctx) =
+	    command_output_pipe(qw/rev-list --pretty=raw --reverse/,
+				($head ? "$head.." : "") . $self->refname,
+				'--');
+	my $metadata_url = $self->metadata_url;
+	remove_username($metadata_url);
+	my $svn_uuid = $self->rewrite_uuid || $self->ra_uuid;
+	my $c;
+	while (<$log>) {
+		if ( m{^commit ($::sha1)$} ) {
+			$c = $1;
+			next;
+		}
+		next unless s{^\s*(git-svn-id:)}{$1};
+		my ($url, $rev, $uuid) = ::extract_metadata($_);
+		remove_username($url);
+
+		# ignore merges (from set-tree)
+		next if (!defined $rev || !$uuid);
+
+		# if we merged or otherwise started elsewhere, this is
+		# how we break out of it
+		if (($uuid ne $svn_uuid) ||
+		    ($metadata_url && $url && ($url ne $metadata_url))) {
+			next;
+		}
+		if ($partial && $head) {
+			print "Partial-rebuilding $map_path ...\n";
+			print "Currently at $base_rev = $head\n";
+			$head = undef;
+		}
+
+		$self->rev_map_set($rev, $c);
+		print "r$rev = $c\n";
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($log, $ctx);
+	print "Done rebuilding $map_path\n" if (!$partial || !$head);
+	my $rev_db_path = $self->rev_db_path;
+	if (-f $self->rev_db_path) {
+		unlink $self->rev_db_path or croak "unlink: $!";
+	}
+	$self->unlink_rev_db_symlink;
+}
+
+# rev_map:
+# Tie::File seems to be prone to offset errors if revisions get sparse,
+# it's not that fast, either.  Tie::File is also not in Perl 5.6.  So
+# one of my favorite modules is out :<  Next up would be one of the DBM
+# modules, but I'm not sure which is most portable...
+#
+# This is the replacement for the rev_db format, which was too big
+# and inefficient for large repositories with a lot of sparse history
+# (mainly tags)
+#
+# The format is this:
+#   - 24 bytes for every record,
+#     * 4 bytes for the integer representing an SVN revision number
+#     * 20 bytes representing the sha1 of a git commit
+#   - No empty padding records like the old format
+#     (except the last record, which can be overwritten)
+#   - new records are written append-only since SVN revision numbers
+#     increase monotonically
+#   - lookups on SVN revision number are done via a binary search
+#   - Piping the file to xxd -c24 is a good way of dumping it for
+#     viewing or editing (piped back through xxd -r), should the need
+#     ever arise.
+#   - The last record can be padding revision with an all-zero sha1
+#     This is used to optimize fetch performance when using multiple
+#     "fetch" directives in .git/config
+#
+# These files are disposable unless noMetadata or useSvmProps is set
+
+sub _rev_map_set {
+	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
+
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	my $wr_offset = 0;
+	if ($size > 0) {
+		sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+		my $read = sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) or croak "read: $!";
+		$read == 24 or croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
+		my ($last_rev, $last_commit) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+		if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
+			if ($size >= 48) {
+				sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+				$read = sysread($fh, $buf, 24) or
+				    croak "read: $!";
+				$read == 24 or
+				    croak "read only $read bytes (!= 24)";
+				($last_rev, $last_commit) =
+				    unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+				if ($last_commit eq ('0' x40)) {
+					croak "inconsistent .rev_map\n";
+				}
+			}
+			if ($last_rev >= $rev) {
+				croak "last_rev is higher!: $last_rev >= $rev";
+			}
+			$wr_offset = -24;
+		}
+	}
+	sysseek($fh, $wr_offset, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+	syswrite($fh, pack(rev_map_fmt, $rev, $commit), 24) == 24 or
+	  croak "write: $!";
+}
+
+sub _rev_map_reset {
+	my ($fh, $rev, $commit) = @_;
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	$c eq $commit or die "_rev_map_reset(@_) commit $c does not match!\n";
+	my $offset = sysseek($fh, 0, SEEK_CUR) or croak "seek: $!";
+	truncate $fh, $offset or croak "truncate: $!";
+}
+
+sub mkfile {
+	my ($path) = @_;
+	unless (-e $path) {
+		my ($dir, $base) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+		mkpath([$dir]) unless -d $dir;
+		open my $fh, '>>', $path or die "Couldn't create $path: $!\n";
+		close $fh or die "Couldn't close (create) $path: $!\n";
+	}
+}
+
+sub rev_map_set {
+	my ($self, $rev, $commit, $update_ref, $uuid) = @_;
+	defined $commit or die "missing arg3\n";
+	length $commit == 40 or die "arg3 must be a full SHA1 hexsum\n";
+	my $db = $self->map_path($uuid);
+	my $db_lock = "$db.lock";
+	my $sigmask;
+	$update_ref ||= 0;
+	if ($update_ref) {
+		$sigmask = POSIX::SigSet->new();
+		my $signew = POSIX::SigSet->new(SIGINT, SIGHUP, SIGTERM,
+			SIGALRM, SIGUSR1, SIGUSR2);
+		sigprocmask(SIG_BLOCK, $signew, $sigmask) or
+			croak "Can't block signals: $!";
+	}
+	mkfile($db);
+
+	$LOCKFILES{$db_lock} = 1;
+	my $sync;
+	# both of these options make our .rev_db file very, very important
+	# and we can't afford to lose it because rebuild() won't work
+	if ($self->use_svm_props || $self->no_metadata) {
+		$sync = 1;
+		copy($db, $db_lock) or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
+					   "Failed to copy: ",
+					   "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
+	} else {
+		rename $db, $db_lock or die "rev_map_set(@_): ",
+					    "Failed to rename: ",
+					    "$db => $db_lock ($!)\n";
+	}
+
+	sysopen(my $fh, $db_lock, O_RDWR | O_CREAT)
+	     or croak "Couldn't open $db_lock: $!\n";
+	if ($update_ref eq 'reset') {
+		clear_memoized_mergeinfo_caches();
+		_rev_map_reset($fh, $rev, $commit);
+	} else {
+		_rev_map_set($fh, $rev, $commit);
+	}
+
+	if ($sync) {
+		$fh->flush or die "Couldn't flush $db_lock: $!\n";
+		$fh->sync or die "Couldn't sync $db_lock: $!\n";
+	}
+	close $fh or croak $!;
+	if ($update_ref) {
+		$_head = $self;
+		my $note = "";
+		$note = " ($update_ref)" if ($update_ref !~ /^\d*$/);
+		command_noisy('update-ref', '-m', "r$rev$note",
+		              $self->refname, $commit);
+	}
+	rename $db_lock, $db or die "rev_map_set(@_): ", "Failed to rename: ",
+	                            "$db_lock => $db ($!)\n";
+	delete $LOCKFILES{$db_lock};
+	if ($update_ref) {
+		sigprocmask(SIG_SETMASK, $sigmask) or
+			croak "Can't restore signal mask: $!";
+	}
+}
+
+# If want_commit, this will return an array of (rev, commit) where
+# commit _must_ be a valid commit in the archive.
+# Otherwise, it'll return the max revision (whether or not the
+# commit is valid or just a 0x40 placeholder).
+sub rev_map_max {
+	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
+	$self->rebuild;
+	my ($r, $c) = $self->rev_map_max_norebuild($want_commit);
+	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
+}
+
+sub rev_map_max_norebuild {
+	my ($self, $want_commit) = @_;
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path;
+	stat $map_path or return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	if ($size == 0) {
+		close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+		return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+	}
+
+	sysseek($fh, -24, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+	sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+	my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+	if ($want_commit && $c eq ('0' x40)) {
+		if ($size < 48) {
+			return $want_commit ? (0, undef) : 0;
+		}
+		sysseek($fh, -48, SEEK_END) or croak "seek: $!";
+		sysread($fh, $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+		($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+		if ($c eq ('0'x40)) {
+			croak "Penultimate record is all-zeroes in $map_path";
+		}
+	}
+	close $fh or croak "close: $!";
+	$want_commit ? ($r, $c) : $r;
+}
+
+sub rev_map_get {
+	my ($self, $rev, $uuid) = @_;
+	my $map_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
+	return undef unless -e $map_path;
+
+	sysopen(my $fh, $map_path, O_RDONLY) or croak "open: $!";
+	my $c = _rev_map_get($fh, $rev);
+	close($fh) or croak "close: $!";
+	$c
+}
+
+sub _rev_map_get {
+	my ($fh, $rev) = @_;
+
+	binmode $fh or croak "binmode: $!";
+	my $size = (stat($fh))[7];
+	($size % 24) == 0 or croak "inconsistent size: $size";
+
+	if ($size == 0) {
+		return undef;
+	}
+
+	my ($l, $u) = (0, $size - 24);
+	my ($r, $c, $buf);
+
+	while ($l <= $u) {
+		my $i = int(($l/24 + $u/24) / 2) * 24;
+		sysseek($fh, $i, SEEK_SET) or croak "seek: $!";
+		sysread($fh, my $buf, 24) == 24 or croak "read: $!";
+		my ($r, $c) = unpack(rev_map_fmt, $buf);
+
+		if ($r < $rev) {
+			$l = $i + 24;
+		} elsif ($r > $rev) {
+			$u = $i - 24;
+		} else { # $r == $rev
+			return $c eq ('0' x 40) ? undef : $c;
+		}
+	}
+	undef;
+}
+
+# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
+# before $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any lower
+# than $min_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
+# if found, else (undef, undef).
+sub find_rev_before {
+	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $min_rev) = @_;
+	--$rev unless $eq_ok;
+	$min_rev ||= 1;
+	my $max_rev = $self->rev_map_max;
+	$rev = $max_rev if ($rev > $max_rev);
+	while ($rev >= $min_rev) {
+		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
+			return ($rev, $c);
+		}
+		--$rev;
+	}
+	return (undef, undef);
+}
+
+# Finds the first svn revision that exists on (if $eq_ok is true) or
+# after $rev for the current branch.  It will not search any higher
+# than $max_rev.  Returns the git commit hash and svn revision number
+# if found, else (undef, undef).
+sub find_rev_after {
+	my ($self, $rev, $eq_ok, $max_rev) = @_;
+	++$rev unless $eq_ok;
+	$max_rev ||= $self->rev_map_max;
+	while ($rev <= $max_rev) {
+		if (my $c = $self->rev_map_get($rev)) {
+			return ($rev, $c);
+		}
+		++$rev;
+	}
+	return (undef, undef);
+}
+
+sub _new {
+	my ($class, $repo_id, $ref_id, $path) = @_;
+	unless (defined $repo_id && length $repo_id) {
+		$repo_id = $default_repo_id;
+	}
+	unless (defined $ref_id && length $ref_id) {
+		# Access the prefix option from the git-svn main program if it's loaded.
+		my $prefix = defined &::opt_prefix ? ::opt_prefix() : "";
+		$_[2] = $ref_id =
+		             "refs/remotes/$prefix$default_ref_id";
+	}
+	$_[1] = $repo_id;
+	my $dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$ref_id";
+
+	# Older repos imported by us used $GIT_DIR/svn/foo instead of
+	# $GIT_DIR/svn/refs/remotes/foo when tracking refs/remotes/foo
+	if ($ref_id =~ m{^refs/remotes/(.*)}) {
+		my $old_dir = "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/$1";
+		if (-d $old_dir && ! -d $dir) {
+			$dir = $old_dir;
+		}
+	}
+
+	$_[3] = $path = '' unless (defined $path);
+	mkpath([$dir]);
+	my $obj = bless {
+		ref_id => $ref_id, dir => $dir, index => "$dir/index",
+	        config => "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn/config",
+	        map_root => "$dir/.rev_map", repo_id => $repo_id }, $class;
+
+	# Ensure it gets canonicalized
+	$obj->path($path);
+
+	return $obj;
+}
+
+sub path {
+	my $self = shift;
+
+	if (@_) {
+		my $path = shift;
+		$self->{_path} = canonicalize_path($path);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	return $self->{_path};
+}
+
+sub url {
+	my $self = shift;
+
+	if (@_) {
+		my $url = shift;
+		$self->{url} = canonicalize_url($url);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	return $self->{url};
+}
+
+# for read-only access of old .rev_db formats
+sub unlink_rev_db_symlink {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $link = $self->rev_db_path;
+	$link =~ s/\.[\w-]+$// or croak "missing UUID at the end of $link";
+	if (-l $link) {
+		unlink $link or croak "unlink: $link failed!";
+	}
+}
+
+sub rev_db_path {
+	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
+	my $db_path = $self->map_path($uuid);
+	$db_path =~ s{/\.rev_map\.}{/\.rev_db\.}
+	    or croak "map_path: $db_path does not contain '/.rev_map.' !";
+	$db_path;
+}
+
+# the new replacement for .rev_db
+sub map_path {
+	my ($self, $uuid) = @_;
+	$uuid ||= $self->ra_uuid;
+	"$self->{map_root}.$uuid";
+}
+
+sub uri_encode {
+	my ($f) = @_;
+	$f =~ s#([^a-zA-Z0-9\*!\:_\./\-])#sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))#eg;
+	$f
+}
+
+sub uri_decode {
+	my ($f) = @_;
+	$f =~ s#%([0-9a-fA-F]{2})#chr(hex($1))#eg;
+	$f
+}
+
+sub remove_username {
+	$_[0] =~ s{^([^:]*://)[^@]+@}{$1};
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa0d3c6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Editor.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,560 @@
+package Git::SVN::Editor;
+use vars qw/@ISA $_rmdir $_cp_similarity $_find_copies_harder $_rename_limit/;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use SVN::Core;
+use SVN::Delta;
+use Carp qw/croak/;
+use IO::File;
+use Git qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
+           command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
+           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/;
+BEGIN {
+	@ISA = qw(SVN::Delta::Editor);
+}
+
+sub new {
+	my ($class, $opts) = @_;
+	foreach (qw/svn_path r ra tree_a tree_b log editor_cb/) {
+		die "$_ required!\n" unless (defined $opts->{$_});
+	}
+
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my $mods = generate_diff($opts->{tree_a}, $opts->{tree_b});
+	my $types = check_diff_paths($opts->{ra}, $opts->{svn_path},
+	                             $opts->{r}, $mods);
+
+	# $opts->{ra} functions should not be used after this:
+	my @ce  = $opts->{ra}->get_commit_editor($opts->{log},
+	                                        $opts->{editor_cb}, $pool);
+	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new(@ce, $pool);
+	bless $self, $class;
+	foreach (qw/svn_path r tree_a tree_b/) {
+		$self->{$_} = $opts->{$_};
+	}
+	$self->{url} = $opts->{ra}->{url};
+	$self->{mods} = $mods;
+	$self->{types} = $types;
+	$self->{pool} = $pool;
+	$self->{bat} = { '' => $self->open_root($self->{r}, $self->{pool}) };
+	$self->{rm} = { };
+	$self->{path_prefix} = length $self->{svn_path} ?
+	                       "$self->{svn_path}/" : '';
+	$self->{config} = $opts->{config};
+	$self->{mergeinfo} = $opts->{mergeinfo};
+	return $self;
+}
+
+sub generate_diff {
+	my ($tree_a, $tree_b) = @_;
+	my @diff_tree = qw(diff-tree -z -r);
+	if ($_cp_similarity) {
+		push @diff_tree, "-C$_cp_similarity";
+	} else {
+		push @diff_tree, '-C';
+	}
+	push @diff_tree, '--find-copies-harder' if $_find_copies_harder;
+	push @diff_tree, "-l$_rename_limit" if defined $_rename_limit;
+	push @diff_tree, $tree_a, $tree_b;
+	my ($diff_fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(@diff_tree);
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	my $state = 'meta';
+	my @mods;
+	while (<$diff_fh>) {
+		chomp $_; # this gets rid of the trailing "\0"
+		if ($state eq 'meta' && /^:(\d{6})\s(\d{6})\s
+					($::sha1)\s($::sha1)\s
+					([MTCRAD])\d*$/xo) {
+			push @mods, {	mode_a => $1, mode_b => $2,
+					sha1_a => $3, sha1_b => $4,
+					chg => $5 };
+			if ($5 =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
+				$state = 'file_a';
+			} else {
+				$state = 'file_b';
+			}
+		} elsif ($state eq 'file_a') {
+			my $x = $mods[$#mods] or croak "Empty array\n";
+			if ($x->{chg} !~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
+				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
+			}
+			$x->{file_a} = $_;
+			$state = 'file_b';
+		} elsif ($state eq 'file_b') {
+			my $x = $mods[$#mods] or croak "Empty array\n";
+			if (exists $x->{file_a} && $x->{chg} !~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
+				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
+			}
+			if (!exists $x->{file_a} && $x->{chg} =~ /^(?:C|R)$/) {
+				croak "Error parsing $_, $x->{chg}\n";
+			}
+			$x->{file_b} = $_;
+			$state = 'meta';
+		} else {
+			croak "Error parsing $_\n";
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($diff_fh, $ctx);
+	\@mods;
+}
+
+sub check_diff_paths {
+	my ($ra, $pfx, $rev, $mods) = @_;
+	my %types;
+	$pfx .= '/' if length $pfx;
+
+	sub type_diff_paths {
+		my ($ra, $types, $path, $rev) = @_;
+		my @p = split m#/+#, $path;
+		my $c = shift @p;
+		unless (defined $types->{$c}) {
+			$types->{$c} = $ra->check_path($c, $rev);
+		}
+		while (@p) {
+			$c .= '/' . shift @p;
+			next if defined $types->{$c};
+			$types->{$c} = $ra->check_path($c, $rev);
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach my $m (@$mods) {
+		foreach my $f (qw/file_a file_b/) {
+			next unless defined $m->{$f};
+			my ($dir) = ($m->{$f} =~ m#^(.*?)/?(?:[^/]+)$#);
+			if (length $pfx.$dir && ! defined $types{$dir}) {
+				type_diff_paths($ra, \%types, $pfx.$dir, $rev);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	\%types;
+}
+
+sub split_path {
+	return ($_[0] =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+}
+
+sub repo_path {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	if (my $enc = $self->{pathnameencoding}) {
+		require Encode;
+		Encode::from_to($path, $enc, 'UTF-8');
+	}
+	$self->{path_prefix}.(defined $path ? $path : '');
+}
+
+sub url_path {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	if ($self->{url} =~ m#^https?://#) {
+		# characters are taken from subversion/libsvn_subr/path.c
+		$path =~ s#([^~a-zA-Z0-9_./!$&'()*+,-])#sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))#eg;
+	}
+	$self->{url} . '/' . $self->repo_path($path);
+}
+
+sub rmdirs {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $rm = $self->{rm};
+	delete $rm->{''}; # we never delete the url we're tracking
+	return unless %$rm;
+
+	foreach (keys %$rm) {
+		my @d = split m#/#, $_;
+		my $c = shift @d;
+		$rm->{$c} = 1;
+		while (@d) {
+			$c .= '/' . shift @d;
+			$rm->{$c} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	delete $rm->{$self->{svn_path}};
+	delete $rm->{''}; # we never delete the url we're tracking
+	return unless %$rm;
+
+	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree --name-only -r -z/,
+	                                     $self->{tree_b});
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp;
+		my @dn = split m#/#, $_;
+		while (pop @dn) {
+			delete $rm->{join '/', @dn};
+		}
+		unless (%$rm) {
+			close $fh;
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
+
+	my ($r, $p, $bat) = ($self->{r}, $self->{pool}, $self->{bat});
+	foreach my $d (sort { $b =~ tr#/#/# <=> $a =~ tr#/#/# } keys %$rm) {
+		$self->close_directory($bat->{$d}, $p);
+		my ($dn) = ($d =~ m#^(.*?)/?(?:[^/]+)$#);
+		print "\tD+\t$d/\n" unless $::_q;
+		$self->SUPER::delete_entry($d, $r, $bat->{$dn}, $p);
+		delete $bat->{$d};
+	}
+}
+
+sub open_or_add_dir {
+	my ($self, $full_path, $baton, $deletions) = @_;
+	my $t = $self->{types}->{$full_path};
+	if (!defined $t) {
+		die "$full_path not known in r$self->{r} or we have a bug!\n";
+	}
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# SVN::Node::none and SVN::Node::file are used only once,
+		# so we're shutting up Perl's warnings about them.
+		if ($t == $SVN::Node::none || defined($deletions->{$full_path})) {
+			return $self->add_directory($full_path, $baton,
+			    undef, -1, $self->{pool});
+		} elsif ($t == $SVN::Node::dir) {
+			return $self->open_directory($full_path, $baton,
+			    $self->{r}, $self->{pool});
+		} # no warnings 'once'
+		print STDERR "$full_path already exists in repository at ",
+		    "r$self->{r} and it is not a directory (",
+		    ($t == $SVN::Node::file ? 'file' : 'unknown'),"/$t)\n";
+	} # no warnings 'once'
+	exit 1;
+}
+
+sub ensure_path {
+	my ($self, $path, $deletions) = @_;
+	my $bat = $self->{bat};
+	my $repo_path = $self->repo_path($path);
+	return $bat->{''} unless (length $repo_path);
+
+	my @p = split m#/+#, $repo_path;
+	my $c = shift @p;
+	$bat->{$c} ||= $self->open_or_add_dir($c, $bat->{''}, $deletions);
+	while (@p) {
+		my $c0 = $c;
+		$c .= '/' . shift @p;
+		$bat->{$c} ||= $self->open_or_add_dir($c, $bat->{$c0}, $deletions);
+	}
+	return $bat->{$c};
+}
+
+# Subroutine to convert a globbing pattern to a regular expression.
+# From perl cookbook.
+sub glob2pat {
+	my $globstr = shift;
+	my %patmap = ('*' => '.*', '?' => '.', '[' => '[', ']' => ']');
+	$globstr =~ s{(.)} { $patmap{$1} || "\Q$1" }ge;
+	return '^' . $globstr . '$';
+}
+
+sub check_autoprop {
+	my ($self, $pattern, $properties, $file, $fbat) = @_;
+	# Convert the globbing pattern to a regular expression.
+	my $regex = glob2pat($pattern);
+	# Check if the pattern matches the file name.
+	if($file =~ m/($regex)/) {
+		# Parse the list of properties to set.
+		my @props = split(/;/, $properties);
+		foreach my $prop (@props) {
+			# Parse 'name=value' syntax and set the property.
+			if ($prop =~ /([^=]+)=(.*)/) {
+				my ($n,$v) = ($1,$2);
+				for ($n, $v) {
+					s/^\s+//; s/\s+$//;
+				}
+				$self->change_file_prop($fbat, $n, $v);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub apply_autoprops {
+	my ($self, $file, $fbat) = @_;
+	my $conf_t = ${$self->{config}}{'config'};
+	no warnings 'once';
+	# Check [miscellany]/enable-auto-props in svn configuration.
+	if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool(
+		$conf_t,
+		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_MISCELLANY,
+		$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_ENABLE_AUTO_PROPS,
+		0)) {
+		# Auto-props are enabled.  Enumerate them to look for matches.
+		my $callback = sub {
+			$self->check_autoprop($_[0], $_[1], $file, $fbat);
+		};
+		SVN::_Core::svn_config_enumerate(
+			$conf_t,
+			$SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTO_PROPS,
+			$callback);
+	}
+}
+
+sub A {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
+	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
+					undef, -1);
+	print "\tA\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
+	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
+	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub C {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
+	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
+				$self->url_path($m->{file_a}), $self->{r});
+	print "\tC\t$m->{file_a} => $m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
+	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub delete_entry {
+	my ($self, $path, $pbat) = @_;
+	my $rpath = $self->repo_path($path);
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($rpath);
+	$self->{rm}->{$dir} = 1;
+	$self->SUPER::delete_entry($rpath, $self->{r}, $pbat, $self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub R {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
+	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	my $fbat = $self->add_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}), $pbat,
+				$self->url_path($m->{file_a}), $self->{r});
+	print "\tR\t$m->{file_a} => $m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->apply_autoprops($file, $fbat);
+	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
+	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
+
+	($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_a});
+	$pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	$self->delete_entry($m->{file_a}, $pbat);
+}
+
+sub M {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
+	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	my $fbat = $self->open_file($self->repo_path($m->{file_b}),
+				$pbat,$self->{r},$self->{pool});
+	print "\t$m->{chg}\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->chg_file($fbat, $m);
+	$self->close_file($fbat,undef,$self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub T {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+
+	# Work around subversion issue 4091: toggling the "is a
+	# symlink" property requires removing and re-adding a
+	# file or else "svn up" on affected clients trips an
+	# assertion and aborts.
+	if (($m->{mode_b} =~ /^120/ && $m->{mode_a} !~ /^120/) ||
+	    ($m->{mode_b} !~ /^120/ && $m->{mode_a} =~ /^120/)) {
+		$self->D({
+			mode_a => $m->{mode_a}, mode_b => '000000',
+			sha1_a => $m->{sha1_a}, sha1_b => '0' x 40,
+			chg => 'D', file_b => $m->{file_b}
+		}, $deletions);
+		$self->A({
+			mode_a => '000000', mode_b => $m->{mode_b},
+			sha1_a => '0' x 40, sha1_b => $m->{sha1_b},
+			chg => 'A', file_b => $m->{file_b}
+		}, $deletions);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	$self->M($m, $deletions);
+}
+
+sub change_file_prop {
+	my ($self, $fbat, $pname, $pval) = @_;
+	$self->SUPER::change_file_prop($fbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub change_dir_prop {
+	my ($self, $pbat, $pname, $pval) = @_;
+	$self->SUPER::change_dir_prop($pbat, $pname, $pval, $self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub _chg_file_get_blob ($$$$) {
+	my ($self, $fbat, $m, $which) = @_;
+	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire("git_blob_$which");
+	if ($m->{"mode_$which"} =~ /^120/) {
+		print $fh 'link ' or croak $!;
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special','*');
+	} elsif ($m->{mode_a} =~ /^120/ && $m->{"mode_$which"} !~ /^120/) {
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:special',undef);
+	}
+	my $blob = $m->{"sha1_$which"};
+	return ($fh,) if ($blob =~ /^0{40}$/);
+	my $size = $::_repository->cat_blob($blob, $fh);
+	croak "Failed to read object $blob" if ($size < 0);
+	$fh->flush == 0 or croak $!;
+	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
+
+	my $exp = ::md5sum($fh);
+	seek $fh, 0, 0 or croak $!;
+	return ($fh, $exp);
+}
+
+sub chg_file {
+	my ($self, $fbat, $m) = @_;
+	if ($m->{mode_b} =~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} !~ /755$/) {
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable','*');
+	} elsif ($m->{mode_b} !~ /755$/ && $m->{mode_a} =~ /755$/) {
+		$self->change_file_prop($fbat,'svn:executable',undef);
+	}
+	my ($fh_a, $exp_a) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'a';
+	my ($fh_b, $exp_b) = _chg_file_get_blob $self, $fbat, $m, 'b';
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my $atd = $self->apply_textdelta($fbat, $exp_a, $pool);
+	if (-s $fh_a) {
+		my $txstream = SVN::TxDelta::new ($fh_a, $fh_b, $pool);
+		my $res = SVN::TxDelta::send_txstream($txstream, @$atd, $pool);
+		if (defined $res) {
+			die "Unexpected result from send_txstream: $res\n",
+			    "(SVN::Core::VERSION: $SVN::Core::VERSION)\n";
+		}
+	} else {
+		my $got = SVN::TxDelta::send_stream($fh_b, @$atd, $pool);
+		die "Checksum mismatch\nexpected: $exp_b\ngot: $got\n"
+		    if ($got ne $exp_b);
+	}
+	Git::temp_release($fh_b, 1);
+	Git::temp_release($fh_a, 1);
+	$pool->clear;
+}
+
+sub D {
+	my ($self, $m, $deletions) = @_;
+	my ($dir, $file) = split_path($m->{file_b});
+	my $pbat = $self->ensure_path($dir, $deletions);
+	print "\tD\t$m->{file_b}\n" unless $::_q;
+	$self->delete_entry($m->{file_b}, $pbat);
+}
+
+sub close_edit {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my ($p,$bat) = ($self->{pool}, $self->{bat});
+	foreach (sort { $b =~ tr#/#/# <=> $a =~ tr#/#/# } keys %$bat) {
+		next if $_ eq '';
+		$self->close_directory($bat->{$_}, $p);
+	}
+	$self->close_directory($bat->{''}, $p);
+	$self->SUPER::close_edit($p);
+	$p->clear;
+}
+
+sub abort_edit {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	$self->SUPER::abort_edit($self->{pool});
+}
+
+sub DESTROY {
+	my $self = shift;
+	$self->SUPER::DESTROY(@_);
+	$self->{pool}->clear;
+}
+
+# this drives the editor
+sub apply_diff {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $mods = $self->{mods};
+	my %o = ( D => 0, C => 1, R => 2, A => 3, M => 4, T => 5 );
+	my %deletions;
+
+	foreach my $m (@$mods) {
+		if ($m->{chg} eq "D") {
+			$deletions{$m->{file_b}} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	foreach my $m (sort { $o{$a->{chg}} <=> $o{$b->{chg}} } @$mods) {
+		my $f = $m->{chg};
+		if (defined $o{$f}) {
+			$self->$f($m, \%deletions);
+		} else {
+			fatal("Invalid change type: $f");
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (defined($self->{mergeinfo})) {
+		$self->change_dir_prop($self->{bat}{''}, "svn:mergeinfo",
+			               $self->{mergeinfo});
+	}
+	$self->rmdirs if $_rmdir;
+	if (@$mods == 0 && !defined($self->{mergeinfo})) {
+		$self->abort_edit;
+	} else {
+		$self->close_edit;
+	}
+	return scalar @$mods;
+}
+
+1;
+__END__
+
+Git::SVN::Editor - commit driver for "git svn set-tree" and dcommit
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+	use Git::SVN::Editor;
+	use Git::SVN::Ra;
+
+	my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
+	my %opts = (
+		r => 19,
+		log => "log message",
+		ra => $ra,
+		config => SVN::Core::config_get_config($svn_config_dir),
+		tree_a => "$commit^",
+		tree_b => "$commit",
+		editor_cb => sub { print "Committed r$_[0]\n"; },
+		mergeinfo => "/branches/foo:1-10",
+		svn_path => "trunk"
+	);
+	Git::SVN::Editor->new(\%opts)->apply_diff or print "No changes\n";
+
+	my $re = Git::SVN::Editor::glob2pat("trunk/*");
+	if ($branchname =~ /$re/) {
+		print "matched!\n";
+	}
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module is an implementation detail of the "git svn" command.
+Do not use it unless you are developing git-svn.
+
+This module adapts the C<SVN::Delta::Editor> object returned by
+C<SVN::Delta::get_commit_editor> and drives it to convey the
+difference between two git tree objects to a remote Subversion
+repository.
+
+The interface will change as git-svn evolves.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+Subversion perl bindings,
+the core L<Carp> and L<IO::File> modules,
+and git's L<Git> helper module.
+
+C<Git::SVN::Editor> has not been tested using callers other than
+B<git-svn> itself.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<SVN::Delta>,
+L<Git::SVN::Fetcher>.
+
+=head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES
+
+None reported.
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+None.
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..046a7a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Fetcher.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,604 @@
+package Git::SVN::Fetcher;
+use vars qw/@ISA $_ignore_regex $_preserve_empty_dirs $_placeholder_filename
+            @deleted_gpath %added_placeholder $repo_id/;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use SVN::Delta;
+use Carp qw/croak/;
+use File::Basename qw/dirname/;
+use IO::File qw//;
+use Git qw/command command_oneline command_noisy command_output_pipe
+           command_input_pipe command_close_pipe
+           command_bidi_pipe command_close_bidi_pipe/;
+BEGIN {
+	@ISA = qw(SVN::Delta::Editor);
+}
+
+# file baton members: path, mode_a, mode_b, pool, fh, blob, base
+sub new {
+	my ($class, $git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
+	my $self = SVN::Delta::Editor->new;
+	bless $self, $class;
+	if (exists $git_svn->{last_commit}) {
+		$self->{c} = $git_svn->{last_commit};
+		$self->{empty_symlinks} =
+		                  _mark_empty_symlinks($git_svn, $switch_path);
+	}
+
+	# some options are read globally, but can be overridden locally
+	# per [svn-remote "..."] section.  Command-line options will *NOT*
+	# override options set in an [svn-remote "..."] section
+	$repo_id = $git_svn->{repo_id};
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.ignore-paths";
+	my $v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
+	$self->{ignore_regex} = $v;
+
+	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.preserve-empty-dirs";
+	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', '--bool', $k) };
+	if ($v && $v eq 'true') {
+		$_preserve_empty_dirs = 1;
+		$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.placeholder-filename";
+		$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get', $k) };
+		$_placeholder_filename = $v;
+	}
+
+	# Load the list of placeholder files added during previous invocations.
+	$k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.added-placeholder";
+	$v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get-all', $k) };
+	if ($_preserve_empty_dirs && $v) {
+		# command() prints errors to stderr, so we only call it if
+		# command_oneline() succeeded.
+		my @v = command('config', '--get-all', $k);
+		$added_placeholder{ dirname($_) } = $_ foreach @v;
+	}
+
+	$self->{empty} = {};
+	$self->{dir_prop} = {};
+	$self->{file_prop} = {};
+	$self->{absent_dir} = {};
+	$self->{absent_file} = {};
+	require Git::IndexInfo;
+	$self->{gii} = $git_svn->tmp_index_do(sub { Git::IndexInfo->new });
+	$self->{pathnameencoding} = Git::config('svn.pathnameencoding');
+	$self;
+}
+
+# this uses the Ra object, so it must be called before do_{switch,update},
+# not inside them (when the Git::SVN::Fetcher object is passed) to
+# do_{switch,update}
+sub _mark_empty_symlinks {
+	my ($git_svn, $switch_path) = @_;
+	my $bool = Git::config_bool('svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround');
+	return {} if (!defined($bool)) || (defined($bool) && ! $bool);
+
+	my %ret;
+	my ($rev, $cmt) = $git_svn->last_rev_commit;
+	return {} unless ($rev && $cmt);
+
+	# allow the warning to be printed for each revision we fetch to
+	# ensure the user sees it.  The user can also disable the workaround
+	# on the repository even while git svn is running and the next
+	# revision fetched will skip this expensive function.
+	my $printed_warning;
+	chomp(my $empty_blob = `git hash-object -t blob --stdin < /dev/null`);
+	my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree -r -z/, $cmt);
+	local $/ = "\0";
+	my $pfx = defined($switch_path) ? $switch_path : $git_svn->path;
+	$pfx .= '/' if length($pfx);
+	while (<$ls>) {
+		chomp;
+		s/\A100644 blob $empty_blob\t//o or next;
+		unless ($printed_warning) {
+			print STDERR "Scanning for empty symlinks, ",
+			             "this may take a while if you have ",
+				     "many empty files\n",
+				     "You may disable this with `",
+				     "git config svn.brokenSymlinkWorkaround ",
+				     "false'.\n",
+				     "This may be done in a different ",
+				     "terminal without restarting ",
+				     "git svn\n";
+			$printed_warning = 1;
+		}
+		my $path = $_;
+		my (undef, $props) =
+		               $git_svn->ra->get_file($pfx.$path, $rev, undef);
+		if ($props->{'svn:special'}) {
+			$ret{$path} = 1;
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+	\%ret;
+}
+
+# returns true if a given path is inside a ".git" directory
+sub in_dot_git {
+	$_[0] =~ m{(?:^|/)\.git(?:/|$)};
+}
+
+# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
+sub is_path_ignored {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	return 1 if in_dot_git($path);
+	return 1 if defined($self->{ignore_regex}) &&
+	            $path =~ m!$self->{ignore_regex}!;
+	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_regex);
+	return 1 if $path =~ m!$_ignore_regex!o;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+sub set_path_strip {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	$self->{path_strip} = qr/^\Q$path\E(\/|$)/ if length $path;
+}
+
+sub open_root {
+	{ path => '' };
+}
+
+sub open_directory {
+	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
+	{ path => $path };
+}
+
+sub git_path {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	if (my $enc = $self->{pathnameencoding}) {
+		require Encode;
+		Encode::from_to($path, 'UTF-8', $enc);
+	}
+	if ($self->{path_strip}) {
+		$path =~ s!$self->{path_strip}!! or
+		  die "Failed to strip path '$path' ($self->{path_strip})\n";
+	}
+	$path;
+}
+
+sub delete_entry {
+	my ($self, $path, $rev, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+
+	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
+	return undef if ($gpath eq '');
+
+	# remove entire directories.
+	my ($tree) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                 =~ /\A040000 tree ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
+	if ($tree) {
+		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
+		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
+				                     $tree);
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		while (<$ls>) {
+			chomp;
+			my $rmpath = "$gpath/$_";
+			$self->{gii}->remove($rmpath);
+			print "\tD\t$rmpath\n" unless $::_q;
+		}
+		print "\tD\t$gpath/\n" unless $::_q;
+		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+	} else {
+		$self->{gii}->remove($gpath);
+		print "\tD\t$gpath\n" unless $::_q;
+	}
+	# Don't add to @deleted_gpath if we're deleting a placeholder file.
+	push @deleted_gpath, $gpath unless $added_placeholder{dirname($path)};
+	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub open_file {
+	my ($self, $path, $pb, $rev) = @_;
+	my ($mode, $blob);
+
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+
+	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
+	($mode, $blob) = (command('ls-tree', '-z', $self->{c}, "./$gpath")
+	                     =~ /\A(\d{6}) blob ([a-f\d]{40})\t\Q$gpath\E\0/);
+	unless (defined $mode && defined $blob) {
+		die "$path was not found in commit $self->{c} (r$rev)\n";
+	}
+	if ($mode eq '100644' && $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$path}) {
+		$mode = '120000';
+	}
+out:
+	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode, blob => $blob,
+	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'M' };
+}
+
+sub add_file {
+	my ($self, $path, $pb, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
+	my $mode;
+
+	if (!$self->is_path_ignored($path)) {
+		my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+		delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
+		$mode = '100644';
+
+		if ($added_placeholder{$dir}) {
+			# Remove our placeholder file, if we created one.
+			delete_entry($self, $added_placeholder{$dir})
+				unless $path eq $added_placeholder{$dir};
+			delete $added_placeholder{$dir}
+		}
+	}
+
+	{ path => $path, mode_a => $mode, mode_b => $mode,
+	  pool => SVN::Pool->new, action => 'A' };
+}
+
+sub add_directory {
+	my ($self, $path, $cp_path, $cp_rev) = @_;
+	goto out if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
+	if ($gpath eq '') {
+		my ($ls, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/ls-tree
+		                                     -r --name-only -z/,
+				                     $self->{c});
+		local $/ = "\0";
+		while (<$ls>) {
+			chomp;
+			$self->{gii}->remove($_);
+			print "\tD\t$_\n" unless $::_q;
+			push @deleted_gpath, $gpath;
+		}
+		command_close_pipe($ls, $ctx);
+		$self->{empty}->{$path} = 0;
+	}
+	my ($dir, $file) = ($path =~ m#^(.*?)/?([^/]+)$#);
+	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir};
+	$self->{empty}->{$path} = 1;
+
+	if ($added_placeholder{$dir}) {
+		# Remove our placeholder file, if we created one.
+		delete_entry($self, $added_placeholder{$dir});
+		delete $added_placeholder{$dir}
+	}
+
+out:
+	{ path => $path };
+}
+
+sub change_dir_prop {
+	my ($self, $db, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($db->{path});
+	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}} ||= {};
+	$self->{dir_prop}->{$db->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub absent_directory {
+	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+	$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
+	push @{$self->{absent_dir}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub absent_file {
+	my ($self, $path, $pb) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($path);
+	$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}} ||= [];
+	push @{$self->{absent_file}->{$pb->{path}}}, $path;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub change_file_prop {
+	my ($self, $fb, $prop, $value) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+	if ($prop eq 'svn:executable') {
+		if ($fb->{mode_b} != 120000) {
+			$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 100755 : 100644;
+		}
+	} elsif ($prop eq 'svn:special') {
+		$fb->{mode_b} = defined $value ? 120000 : 100644;
+	} else {
+		$self->{file_prop}->{$fb->{path}} ||= {};
+		$self->{file_prop}->{$fb->{path}}->{$prop} = $value;
+	}
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub apply_textdelta {
+	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire('svn_delta');
+	# $fh gets auto-closed() by SVN::TxDelta::apply(),
+	# (but $base does not,) so dup() it for reading in close_file
+	open my $dup, '<&', $fh or croak $!;
+	my $base = $::_repository->temp_acquire('git_blob');
+
+	if ($fb->{blob}) {
+		my ($base_is_link, $size);
+
+		if ($fb->{mode_a} eq '120000' &&
+		    ! $self->{empty_symlinks}->{$fb->{path}}) {
+			print $base 'link ' or die "print $!\n";
+			$base_is_link = 1;
+		}
+	retry:
+		$size = $::_repository->cat_blob($fb->{blob}, $base);
+		die "Failed to read object $fb->{blob}" if ($size < 0);
+
+		if (defined $exp) {
+			seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
+			my $got = ::md5sum($base);
+			if ($got ne $exp) {
+				my $err = "Checksum mismatch: ".
+				       "$fb->{path} $fb->{blob}\n" .
+				       "expected: $exp\n" .
+				       "     got: $got\n";
+				if ($base_is_link) {
+					warn $err,
+					     "Retrying... (possibly ",
+					     "a bad symlink from SVN)\n";
+					$::_repository->temp_reset($base);
+					$base_is_link = 0;
+					goto retry;
+				}
+				die $err;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	seek $base, 0, 0 or croak $!;
+	$fb->{fh} = $fh;
+	$fb->{base} = $base;
+	[ SVN::TxDelta::apply($base, $dup, undef, $fb->{path}, $fb->{pool}) ];
+}
+
+sub close_file {
+	my ($self, $fb, $exp) = @_;
+	return undef if $self->is_path_ignored($fb->{path});
+
+	my $hash;
+	my $path = $self->git_path($fb->{path});
+	if (my $fh = $fb->{fh}) {
+		if (defined $exp) {
+			seek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
+			my $got = ::md5sum($fh);
+			if ($got ne $exp) {
+				die "Checksum mismatch: $path\n",
+				    "expected: $exp\n    got: $got\n";
+			}
+		}
+		if ($fb->{mode_b} == 120000) {
+			sysseek($fh, 0, 0) or croak $!;
+			my $rd = sysread($fh, my $buf, 5);
+
+			if (!defined $rd) {
+				croak "sysread: $!\n";
+			} elsif ($rd == 0) {
+				warn "$path has mode 120000",
+				     " but it points to nothing\n",
+				     "converting to an empty file with mode",
+				     " 100644\n";
+				$fb->{mode_b} = '100644';
+			} elsif ($buf ne 'link ') {
+				warn "$path has mode 120000",
+				     " but is not a link\n";
+			} else {
+				my $tmp_fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire(
+					'svn_hash');
+				my $res;
+				while ($res = sysread($fh, my $str, 1024)) {
+					my $out = syswrite($tmp_fh, $str, $res);
+					defined($out) && $out == $res
+						or croak("write ",
+							Git::temp_path($tmp_fh),
+							": $!\n");
+				}
+				defined $res or croak $!;
+
+				($fh, $tmp_fh) = ($tmp_fh, $fh);
+				Git::temp_release($tmp_fh, 1);
+			}
+		}
+
+		$hash = $::_repository->hash_and_insert_object(
+				Git::temp_path($fh));
+		$hash =~ /^[a-f\d]{40}$/ or die "not a sha1: $hash\n";
+
+		Git::temp_release($fb->{base}, 1);
+		Git::temp_release($fh, 1);
+	} else {
+		$hash = $fb->{blob} or die "no blob information\n";
+	}
+	$fb->{pool}->clear;
+	$self->{gii}->update($fb->{mode_b}, $hash, $path) or croak $!;
+	print "\t$fb->{action}\t$path\n" if $fb->{action} && ! $::_q;
+	undef;
+}
+
+sub abort_edit {
+	my $self = shift;
+	$self->{nr} = $self->{gii}->{nr};
+	delete $self->{gii};
+	$self->SUPER::abort_edit(@_);
+}
+
+sub close_edit {
+	my $self = shift;
+
+	if ($_preserve_empty_dirs) {
+		my @empty_dirs;
+
+		# Any entry flagged as empty that also has an associated
+		# dir_prop represents a newly created empty directory.
+		foreach my $i (keys %{$self->{empty}}) {
+			push @empty_dirs, $i if exists $self->{dir_prop}->{$i};
+		}
+
+		# Search for directories that have become empty due subsequent
+		# file deletes.
+		push @empty_dirs, $self->find_empty_directories();
+
+		# Finally, add a placeholder file to each empty directory.
+		$self->add_placeholder_file($_) foreach (@empty_dirs);
+
+		$self->stash_placeholder_list();
+	}
+
+	$self->{git_commit_ok} = 1;
+	$self->{nr} = $self->{gii}->{nr};
+	delete $self->{gii};
+	$self->SUPER::close_edit(@_);
+}
+
+sub find_empty_directories {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my @empty_dirs;
+	my %dirs = map { dirname($_) => 1 } @deleted_gpath;
+
+	foreach my $dir (sort keys %dirs) {
+		next if $dir eq ".";
+
+		# If there have been any additions to this directory, there is
+		# no reason to check if it is empty.
+		my $skip_added = 0;
+		foreach my $t (qw/dir_prop file_prop/) {
+			foreach my $path (keys %{ $self->{$t} }) {
+				if (exists $self->{$t}->{dirname($path)}) {
+					$skip_added = 1;
+					last;
+				}
+			}
+			last if $skip_added;
+		}
+		next if $skip_added;
+
+		# Use `git ls-tree` to get the filenames of this directory
+		# that existed prior to this particular commit.
+		my $ls = command('ls-tree', '-z', '--name-only',
+				 $self->{c}, "$dir/");
+		my %files = map { $_ => 1 } split(/\0/, $ls);
+
+		# Remove the filenames that were deleted during this commit.
+		delete $files{$_} foreach (@deleted_gpath);
+
+		# Report the directory if there are no filenames left.
+		push @empty_dirs, $dir unless (scalar %files);
+	}
+	@empty_dirs;
+}
+
+sub add_placeholder_file {
+	my ($self, $dir) = @_;
+	my $path = "$dir/$_placeholder_filename";
+	my $gpath = $self->git_path($path);
+
+	my $fh = $::_repository->temp_acquire($gpath);
+	my $hash = $::_repository->hash_and_insert_object(Git::temp_path($fh));
+	Git::temp_release($fh, 1);
+	$self->{gii}->update('100644', $hash, $gpath) or croak $!;
+
+	# The directory should no longer be considered empty.
+	delete $self->{empty}->{$dir} if exists $self->{empty}->{$dir};
+
+	# Keep track of any placeholder files we create.
+	$added_placeholder{$dir} = $path;
+}
+
+sub stash_placeholder_list {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	my $k = "svn-remote.$repo_id.added-placeholder";
+	my $v = eval { command_oneline('config', '--get-all', $k) };
+	command_noisy('config', '--unset-all', $k) if $v;
+	foreach (values %added_placeholder) {
+		command_noisy('config', '--add', $k, $_);
+	}
+}
+
+1;
+__END__
+
+Git::SVN::Fetcher - tree delta consumer for "git svn fetch"
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    use SVN::Core;
+    use SVN::Ra;
+    use Git::SVN;
+    use Git::SVN::Fetcher;
+    use Git;
+
+    my $gs = Git::SVN->find_by_url($url);
+    my $ra = SVN::Ra->new(url => $url);
+    my $editor = Git::SVN::Fetcher->new($gs);
+    my $reporter = $ra->do_update($SVN::Core::INVALID_REVNUM, '',
+                                  1, $editor);
+    $reporter->set_path('', $old_rev, 0);
+    $reporter->finish_report;
+    my $tree = $gs->tmp_index_do(sub { command_oneline('write-tree') });
+
+    foreach my $path (keys %{$editor->{dir_prop}) {
+        my $props = $editor->{dir_prop}{$path};
+        foreach my $prop (keys %$props) {
+            print "property $prop at $path changed to $props->{$prop}\n";
+        }
+    }
+    foreach my $path (keys %{$editor->{empty}) {
+        my $action = $editor->{empty}{$path} ? 'added' : 'removed';
+        print "empty directory $path $action\n";
+    }
+    foreach my $path (keys %{$editor->{file_prop}) { ... }
+    foreach my $parent (keys %{$editor->{absent_dir}}) {
+        my @children = @{$editor->{abstent_dir}{$parent}};
+        print "cannot fetch directory $parent/$_: not authorized?\n"
+            foreach @children;
+    }
+    foreach my $parent (keys %{$editor->{absent_file}) { ... }
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This is a subclass of C<SVN::Delta::Editor>, which means it implements
+callbacks to act as a consumer of Subversion tree deltas.  This
+particular implementation of those callbacks is meant to store
+information about the resulting content which B<git svn fetch> could
+use to populate new commits and new entries for F<unhandled.log>.
+More specifically:
+
+=over
+
+=item * Additions, removals, and modifications of files are propagated
+to git-svn's index file F<$GIT_DIR/svn/$refname/index> using
+B<git update-index>.
+
+=item * Changes in Subversion path properties are recorded in the
+C<dir_prop> and C<file_prop> fields (which are hashes).
+
+=item * Addition and removal of empty directories are indicated by
+entries with value 1 and 0 respectively in the C<empty> hash.
+
+=item * Paths that are present but cannot be conveyed (presumably due
+to permissions) are recorded in the C<absent_file> and
+C<absent_dirs> hashes.  For each key, the corresponding value is
+a list of paths under that directory that were present but
+could not be conveyed.
+
+=back
+
+The interface is unstable.  Do not use this module unless you are
+developing git-svn.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+L<SVN::Delta> from the Subversion perl bindings,
+the core L<Carp>, L<File::Basename>, and L<IO::File> modules,
+and git's L<Git> helper module.
+
+C<Git::SVN::Fetcher> has not been tested using callers other than
+B<git-svn> itself.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<SVN::Delta>,
+L<Git::SVN::Editor>.
+
+=head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES
+
+None reported.
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+None.
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c95f5d7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/GlobSpec.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+package Git::SVN::GlobSpec;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+sub new {
+	my ($class, $glob, $pattern_ok) = @_;
+	my $re = $glob;
+	$re =~ s!/+$!!g; # no need for trailing slashes
+	my (@left, @right, @patterns);
+	my $state = "left";
+	my $die_msg = "Only one set of wildcard directories " .
+				"(e.g. '*' or '*/*/*') is supported: '$glob'\n";
+	for my $part (split(m|/|, $glob)) {
+		if ($part =~ /\*/ && $part ne "*") {
+			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
+		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /[{}]/ &&
+			 $part !~ /^\{[^{}]+\}/) {
+			die "Invalid pattern in '$glob': $part\n";
+		}
+		if ($part eq "*") {
+			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
+			$state = "pattern";
+			push(@patterns, "[^/]*");
+		} elsif ($pattern_ok && $part =~ /^\{(.*)\}$/) {
+			die $die_msg if $state eq "right";
+			$state = "pattern";
+			my $p = quotemeta($1);
+			$p =~ s/\\,/|/g;
+			push(@patterns, "(?:$p)");
+		} else {
+			if ($state eq "left") {
+				push(@left, $part);
+			} else {
+				push(@right, $part);
+				$state = "right";
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	my $depth = @patterns;
+	if ($depth == 0) {
+		die "One '*' is needed in glob: '$glob'\n";
+	}
+	my $left = join('/', @left);
+	my $right = join('/', @right);
+	$re = join('/', @patterns);
+	$re = join('\/',
+		   grep(length, quotemeta($left),
+                                "($re)(?=/|\$)",
+                                quotemeta($right)));
+	my $left_re = qr/^\/\Q$left\E(\/|$)/;
+	bless { left => $left, right => $right, left_regex => $left_re,
+	        regex => qr/$re/, glob => $glob, depth => $depth }, $class;
+}
+
+sub full_path {
+	my ($self, $path) = @_;
+	return (length $self->{left} ? "$self->{left}/" : '') .
+	       $path . (length $self->{right} ? "/$self->{right}" : '');
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Log.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Log.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cc1c6f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Log.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,395 @@
+package Git::SVN::Log;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(fatal);
+use Git qw(command command_oneline command_output_pipe command_close_pipe);
+use POSIX qw/strftime/;
+use constant commit_log_separator => ('-' x 72) . "\n";
+use vars qw/$TZ $limit $color $pager $non_recursive $verbose $oneline
+            %rusers $show_commit $incremental/;
+
+# Option set in git-svn
+our $_git_format;
+
+sub cmt_showable {
+	my ($c) = @_;
+	return 1 if defined $c->{r};
+
+	# big commit message got truncated by the 16k pretty buffer in rev-list
+	if ($c->{l} && $c->{l}->[-1] eq "...\n" &&
+				$c->{a_raw} =~ /\@([a-f\d\-]+)>$/) {
+		@{$c->{l}} = ();
+		my @log = command(qw/cat-file commit/, $c->{c});
+
+		# shift off the headers
+		shift @log while ($log[0] ne '');
+		shift @log;
+
+		# TODO: make $c->{l} not have a trailing newline in the future
+		@{$c->{l}} = map { "$_\n" } grep !/^git-svn-id: /, @log;
+
+		(undef, $c->{r}, undef) = ::extract_metadata(
+				(grep(/^git-svn-id: /, @log))[-1]);
+	}
+	return defined $c->{r};
+}
+
+sub log_use_color {
+	return $color || Git->repository->get_colorbool('color.diff');
+}
+
+sub git_svn_log_cmd {
+	my ($r_min, $r_max, @args) = @_;
+	my $head = 'HEAD';
+	my (@files, @log_opts);
+	foreach my $x (@args) {
+		if ($x eq '--' || @files) {
+			push @files, $x;
+		} else {
+			if (::verify_ref("$x^0")) {
+				$head = $x;
+			} else {
+				push @log_opts, $x;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	my ($url, $rev, $uuid, $gs) = ::working_head_info($head);
+
+	require Git::SVN;
+	$gs ||= Git::SVN->_new;
+	my @cmd = (qw/log --abbrev-commit --pretty=raw --default/,
+	           $gs->refname);
+	push @cmd, '-r' unless $non_recursive;
+	push @cmd, qw/--raw --name-status/ if $verbose;
+	push @cmd, '--color' if log_use_color();
+	push @cmd, @log_opts;
+	if (defined $r_max && $r_max == $r_min) {
+		push @cmd, '--max-count=1';
+		if (my $c = $gs->rev_map_get($r_max)) {
+			push @cmd, $c;
+		}
+	} elsif (defined $r_max) {
+		if ($r_max < $r_min) {
+			($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
+		}
+		my (undef, $c_max) = $gs->find_rev_before($r_max, 1, $r_min);
+		my (undef, $c_min) = $gs->find_rev_after($r_min, 1, $r_max);
+		# If there are no commits in the range, both $c_max and $c_min
+		# will be undefined.  If there is at least 1 commit in the
+		# range, both will be defined.
+		return () if !defined $c_min || !defined $c_max;
+		if ($c_min eq $c_max) {
+			push @cmd, '--max-count=1', $c_min;
+		} else {
+			push @cmd, '--boundary', "$c_min..$c_max";
+		}
+	}
+	return (@cmd, @files);
+}
+
+# adapted from pager.c
+sub config_pager {
+	if (! -t *STDOUT) {
+		$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = 'false';
+		$pager = undef;
+		return;
+	}
+	chomp($pager = command_oneline(qw(var GIT_PAGER)));
+	if ($pager eq 'cat') {
+		$pager = undef;
+	}
+	$ENV{GIT_PAGER_IN_USE} = defined($pager);
+}
+
+sub run_pager {
+	return unless defined $pager;
+	pipe my ($rfd, $wfd) or return;
+	defined(my $pid = fork) or fatal "Can't fork: $!";
+	if (!$pid) {
+		open STDOUT, '>&', $wfd or
+		                     fatal "Can't redirect to stdout: $!";
+		return;
+	}
+	open STDIN, '<&', $rfd or fatal "Can't redirect stdin: $!";
+	$ENV{LESS} ||= 'FRSX';
+	exec $pager or fatal "Can't run pager: $! ($pager)";
+}
+
+sub format_svn_date {
+	my $t = shift || time;
+	require Git::SVN;
+	my $gmoff = Git::SVN::get_tz($t);
+	return strftime("%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S $gmoff (%a, %d %b %Y)", localtime($t));
+}
+
+sub parse_git_date {
+	my ($t, $tz) = @_;
+	# Date::Parse isn't in the standard Perl distro :(
+	if ($tz =~ s/^\+//) {
+		$t += tz_to_s_offset($tz);
+	} elsif ($tz =~ s/^\-//) {
+		$t -= tz_to_s_offset($tz);
+	}
+	return $t;
+}
+
+sub set_local_timezone {
+	if (defined $TZ) {
+		$ENV{TZ} = $TZ;
+	} else {
+		delete $ENV{TZ};
+	}
+}
+
+sub tz_to_s_offset {
+	my ($tz) = @_;
+	$tz =~ s/(\d\d)$//;
+	return ($1 * 60) + ($tz * 3600);
+}
+
+sub get_author_info {
+	my ($dest, $author, $t, $tz) = @_;
+	$author =~ s/(?:^\s*|\s*$)//g;
+	$dest->{a_raw} = $author;
+	my $au;
+	if ($::_authors) {
+		$au = $rusers{$author} || undef;
+	}
+	if (!$au) {
+		($au) = ($author =~ /<([^>]+)\@[^>]+>$/);
+	}
+	$dest->{t} = $t;
+	$dest->{tz} = $tz;
+	$dest->{a} = $au;
+	$dest->{t_utc} = parse_git_date($t, $tz);
+}
+
+sub process_commit {
+	my ($c, $r_min, $r_max, $defer) = @_;
+	if (defined $r_min && defined $r_max) {
+		if ($r_min == $c->{r} && $r_min == $r_max) {
+			show_commit($c);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		return 1 if $r_min == $r_max;
+		if ($r_min < $r_max) {
+			# we need to reverse the print order
+			return 0 if (defined $limit && --$limit < 0);
+			push @$defer, $c;
+			return 1;
+		}
+		if ($r_min != $r_max) {
+			return 1 if ($r_min < $c->{r});
+			return 1 if ($r_max > $c->{r});
+		}
+	}
+	return 0 if (defined $limit && --$limit < 0);
+	show_commit($c);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+my $l_fmt;
+sub show_commit {
+	my $c = shift;
+	if ($oneline) {
+		my $x = "\n";
+		if (my $l = $c->{l}) {
+			while ($l->[0] =~ /^\s*$/) { shift @$l }
+			$x = $l->[0];
+		}
+		$l_fmt ||= 'A' . length($c->{r});
+		print 'r',pack($l_fmt, $c->{r}),' | ';
+		print "$c->{c} | " if $show_commit;
+		print $x;
+	} else {
+		show_commit_normal($c);
+	}
+}
+
+sub show_commit_changed_paths {
+	my ($c) = @_;
+	return unless $c->{changed};
+	print "Changed paths:\n", @{$c->{changed}};
+}
+
+sub show_commit_normal {
+	my ($c) = @_;
+	print commit_log_separator, "r$c->{r} | ";
+	print "$c->{c} | " if $show_commit;
+	print "$c->{a} | ", format_svn_date($c->{t_utc}), ' | ';
+	my $nr_line = 0;
+
+	if (my $l = $c->{l}) {
+		while ($l->[$#$l] eq "\n" && $#$l > 0
+		                          && $l->[($#$l - 1)] eq "\n") {
+			pop @$l;
+		}
+		$nr_line = scalar @$l;
+		if (!$nr_line) {
+			print "1 line\n\n\n";
+		} else {
+			if ($nr_line == 1) {
+				$nr_line = '1 line';
+			} else {
+				$nr_line .= ' lines';
+			}
+			print $nr_line, "\n";
+			show_commit_changed_paths($c);
+			print "\n";
+			print $_ foreach @$l;
+		}
+	} else {
+		print "1 line\n";
+		show_commit_changed_paths($c);
+		print "\n";
+
+	}
+	foreach my $x (qw/raw stat diff/) {
+		if ($c->{$x}) {
+			print "\n";
+			print $_ foreach @{$c->{$x}}
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+sub cmd_show_log {
+	my (@args) = @_;
+	my ($r_min, $r_max);
+	my $r_last = -1; # prevent dupes
+	set_local_timezone();
+	if (defined $::_revision) {
+		if ($::_revision =~ /^(\d+):(\d+)$/) {
+			($r_min, $r_max) = ($1, $2);
+		} elsif ($::_revision =~ /^\d+$/) {
+			$r_min = $r_max = $::_revision;
+		} else {
+			fatal "-r$::_revision is not supported, use ",
+				"standard 'git log' arguments instead";
+		}
+	}
+
+	config_pager();
+	@args = git_svn_log_cmd($r_min, $r_max, @args);
+	if (!@args) {
+		print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
+		return;
+	}
+	my $log = command_output_pipe(@args);
+	run_pager();
+	my (@k, $c, $d, $stat);
+	my $esc_color = qr/(?:\033\[(?:(?:\d+;)*\d*)?m)*/;
+	while (<$log>) {
+		if (/^${esc_color}commit (?:- )?($::sha1_short)/o) {
+			my $cmt = $1;
+			if ($c && cmt_showable($c) && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
+				$r_last = $c->{r};
+				process_commit($c, $r_min, $r_max, \@k) or
+								goto out;
+			}
+			$d = undef;
+			$c = { c => $cmt };
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}author (.+) (\d+) ([\-\+]?\d+)$/o) {
+			get_author_info($c, $1, $2, $3);
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}(?:tree|parent|committer) /o) {
+			# ignore
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}:\d{6} \d{6} $::sha1_short/o) {
+			push @{$c->{raw}}, $_;
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}[ACRMDT]\t/) {
+			# we could add $SVN->{svn_path} here, but that requires
+			# remote access at the moment (repo_path_split)...
+			s#^(${esc_color})([ACRMDT])\t#$1   $2 #o;
+			push @{$c->{changed}}, $_;
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}diff /o) {
+			$d = 1;
+			push @{$c->{diff}}, $_;
+		} elsif ($d) {
+			push @{$c->{diff}}, $_;
+		} elsif (/^\ .+\ \|\s*\d+\ $esc_color[\+\-]*
+		          $esc_color*[\+\-]*$esc_color$/x) {
+			$stat = 1;
+			push @{$c->{stat}}, $_;
+		} elsif ($stat && /^ \d+ files changed, \d+ insertions/) {
+			push @{$c->{stat}}, $_;
+			$stat = undef;
+		} elsif (/^${esc_color}    (git-svn-id:.+)$/o) {
+			($c->{url}, $c->{r}, undef) = ::extract_metadata($1);
+		} elsif (s/^${esc_color}    //o) {
+			push @{$c->{l}}, $_;
+		}
+	}
+	if ($c && defined $c->{r} && $c->{r} != $r_last) {
+		$r_last = $c->{r};
+		process_commit($c, $r_min, $r_max, \@k);
+	}
+	if (@k) {
+		($r_min, $r_max) = ($r_max, $r_min);
+		process_commit($_, $r_min, $r_max) foreach reverse @k;
+	}
+out:
+	close $log;
+	print commit_log_separator unless $incremental || $oneline;
+}
+
+sub cmd_blame {
+	my $path = pop;
+
+	config_pager();
+	run_pager();
+
+	my ($fh, $ctx, $rev);
+
+	if ($_git_format) {
+		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', @_, $path);
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			if ($line =~ /^\^?([[:xdigit:]]+)\s/) {
+				# Uncommitted edits show up as a rev ID of
+				# all zeros, which we can't look up with
+				# cmt_metadata
+				if ($1 !~ /^0+$/) {
+					(undef, $rev, undef) =
+						::cmt_metadata($1);
+					$rev = '0' if (!$rev);
+				} else {
+					$rev = '0';
+				}
+				$rev = sprintf('%-10s', $rev);
+				$line =~ s/^\^?[[:xdigit:]]+(\s)/$rev$1/;
+			}
+			print $line;
+		}
+	} else {
+		($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe('blame', '-p', @_, 'HEAD',
+						  '--', $path);
+		my ($sha1);
+		my %authors;
+		my @buffer;
+		my %dsha; #distinct sha keys
+
+		while (my $line = <$fh>) {
+			push @buffer, $line;
+			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
+				$dsha{$1} = 1;
+			}
+		}
+
+		my $s2r = ::cmt_sha2rev_batch([keys %dsha]);
+
+		foreach my $line (@buffer) {
+			if ($line =~ /^([[:xdigit:]]{40})\s\d+\s\d+/) {
+				$rev = $s2r->{$1};
+				$rev = '0' if (!$rev)
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^author (.*)/) {
+				$authors{$rev} = $1;
+				$authors{$rev} =~ s/\s/_/g;
+			}
+			elsif ($line =~ /^\t(.*)$/) {
+				printf("%6s %10s %s\n", $rev, $authors{$rev}, $1);
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Memoize/YAML.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Memoize/YAML.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..9676b8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Memoize/YAML.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+package Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML;
+use warnings;
+use strict;
+use YAML::Any ();
+
+# based on Memoize::Storable.
+
+sub TIEHASH {
+	my $package = shift;
+	my $filename = shift;
+	my $truehash = (-e $filename) ? YAML::Any::LoadFile($filename) : {};
+	my $self = {FILENAME => $filename, H => $truehash};
+	bless $self => $package;
+}
+
+sub STORE {
+	my $self = shift;
+	$self->{H}{$_[0]} = $_[1];
+}
+
+sub FETCH {
+	my $self = shift;
+	$self->{H}{$_[0]};
+}
+
+sub EXISTS {
+	my $self = shift;
+	exists $self->{H}{$_[0]};
+}
+
+sub DESTROY {
+	my $self = shift;
+	YAML::Any::DumpFile($self->{FILENAME}, $self->{H});
+}
+
+sub SCALAR {
+	my $self = shift;
+	scalar(%{$self->{H}});
+}
+
+sub FIRSTKEY {
+	'Fake hash from Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML';
+}
+
+sub NEXTKEY {
+	undef;
+}
+
+1;
+__END__
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML - store Memoized data in YAML format
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    use Memoize;
+    use Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML;
+
+    tie my %cache => 'Git::SVN::Memoize::YAML', $filename;
+    memoize('slow_function', SCALAR_CACHE => [HASH => \%cache]);
+    slow_function(arguments);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module provides a class that can be used to tie a hash to a
+YAML file.  The file is read when the hash is initialized and
+rewritten when the hash is destroyed.
+
+The intent is to allow L<Memoize> to back its cache with a file in
+YAML format, just like L<Memoize::Storable> allows L<Memoize> to
+back its cache with a file in Storable format.  Unlike the Storable
+format, the YAML format is platform-independent and fairly stable.
+
+Carps on error.
+
+=head1 DIAGNOSTICS
+
+See L<YAML::Any>.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+L<YAML::Any> from CPAN.
+
+=head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES
+
+None reported.
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+The entire cache is read into a Perl hash when loading the file,
+so this is not very scalable.
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..30daf35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Migration.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+package Git::SVN::Migration;
+# these version numbers do NOT correspond to actual version numbers
+# of git nor git-svn.  They are just relative.
+#
+# v0 layout: .git/$id/info/url, refs/heads/$id-HEAD
+#
+# v1 layout: .git/$id/info/url, refs/remotes/$id
+#
+# v2 layout: .git/svn/$id/info/url, refs/remotes/$id
+#
+# v3 layout: .git/svn/$id, refs/remotes/$id
+#            - info/url may remain for backwards compatibility
+#            - this is what we migrate up to this layout automatically,
+#            - this will be used by git svn init on single branches
+# v3.1 layout (auto migrated):
+#            - .rev_db => .rev_db.$UUID, .rev_db will remain as a symlink
+#              for backwards compatibility
+#
+# v4 layout: .git/svn/$repo_id/$id, refs/remotes/$repo_id/$id
+#            - this is only created for newly multi-init-ed
+#              repositories.  Similar in spirit to the
+#              --use-separate-remotes option in git-clone (now default)
+#            - we do not automatically migrate to this (following
+#              the example set by core git)
+#
+# v5 layout: .rev_db.$UUID => .rev_map.$UUID
+#            - newer, more-efficient format that uses 24-bytes per record
+#              with no filler space.
+#            - use xxd -c24 < .rev_map.$UUID to view and debug
+#            - This is a one-way migration, repositories updated to the
+#              new format will not be able to use old git-svn without
+#              rebuilding the .rev_db.  Rebuilding the rev_db is not
+#              possible if noMetadata or useSvmProps are set; but should
+#              be no problem for users that use the (sensible) defaults.
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Carp qw/croak/;
+use File::Path qw/mkpath/;
+use File::Basename qw/dirname basename/;
+
+our $_minimize;
+use Git qw(
+	command
+	command_noisy
+	command_output_pipe
+	command_close_pipe
+);
+
+sub migrate_from_v0 {
+	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+	return undef unless -d $git_dir;
+	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/rev-parse --symbolic --all/);
+	my $migrated = 0;
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		chomp;
+		my ($id, $orig_ref) = ($_, $_);
+		next unless $id =~ s#^refs/heads/(.+)-HEAD$#$1#;
+		next unless -f "$git_dir/$id/info/url";
+		my $new_ref = "refs/remotes/$id";
+		if (::verify_ref("$new_ref^0")) {
+			print STDERR "W: $orig_ref is probably an old ",
+			             "branch used by an ancient version of ",
+				     "git-svn.\n",
+				     "However, $new_ref also exists.\n",
+				     "We will not be able ",
+				     "to use this branch until this ",
+				     "ambiguity is resolved.\n";
+			next;
+		}
+		print STDERR "Migrating from v0 layout...\n" if !$migrated;
+		print STDERR "Renaming ref: $orig_ref => $new_ref\n";
+		command_noisy('update-ref', $new_ref, $orig_ref);
+		command_noisy('update-ref', '-d', $orig_ref, $orig_ref);
+		$migrated++;
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
+	print STDERR "Done migrating from v0 layout...\n" if $migrated;
+	$migrated;
+}
+
+sub migrate_from_v1 {
+	my $git_dir = $ENV{GIT_DIR};
+	my $migrated = 0;
+	return $migrated unless -d $git_dir;
+	my $svn_dir = "$git_dir/svn";
+
+	# just in case somebody used 'svn' as their $id at some point...
+	return $migrated if -d $svn_dir && ! -f "$svn_dir/info/url";
+
+	print STDERR "Migrating from a git-svn v1 layout...\n";
+	mkpath([$svn_dir]);
+	print STDERR "Data from a previous version of git-svn exists, but\n\t",
+	             "$svn_dir\n\t(required for this version ",
+	             "($::VERSION) of git-svn) does not exist.\n";
+	my ($fh, $ctx) = command_output_pipe(qw/rev-parse --symbolic --all/);
+	while (<$fh>) {
+		my $x = $_;
+		next unless $x =~ s#^refs/remotes/##;
+		chomp $x;
+		next unless -f "$git_dir/$x/info/url";
+		my $u = eval { ::file_to_s("$git_dir/$x/info/url") };
+		next unless $u;
+		my $dn = dirname("$git_dir/svn/$x");
+		mkpath([$dn]) unless -d $dn;
+		if ($x eq 'svn') { # they used 'svn' as GIT_SVN_ID:
+			mkpath(["$git_dir/svn/svn"]);
+			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x/info => ",
+			                "$git_dir/svn/$x/info\n";
+			rename "$git_dir/$x/info", "$git_dir/svn/$x/info" or
+			       croak "$!: $x";
+			# don't worry too much about these, they probably
+			# don't exist with repos this old (save for index,
+			# and we can easily regenerate that)
+			foreach my $f (qw/unhandled.log index .rev_db/) {
+				rename "$git_dir/$x/$f", "$git_dir/svn/$x/$f";
+			}
+		} else {
+			print STDERR " - $git_dir/$x => $git_dir/svn/$x\n";
+			rename "$git_dir/$x", "$git_dir/svn/$x" or
+			       croak "$!: $x";
+		}
+		$migrated++;
+	}
+	command_close_pipe($fh, $ctx);
+	print STDERR "Done migrating from a git-svn v1 layout\n";
+	$migrated;
+}
+
+sub read_old_urls {
+	my ($l_map, $pfx, $path) = @_;
+	my @dir;
+	foreach (<$path/*>) {
+		if (-r "$_/info/url") {
+			$pfx .= '/' if $pfx && $pfx !~ m!/$!;
+			my $ref_id = $pfx . basename $_;
+			my $url = ::file_to_s("$_/info/url");
+			$l_map->{$ref_id} = $url;
+		} elsif (-d $_) {
+			push @dir, $_;
+		}
+	}
+	foreach (@dir) {
+		my $x = $_;
+		$x =~ s!^\Q$ENV{GIT_DIR}\E/svn/!!o;
+		read_old_urls($l_map, $x, $_);
+	}
+}
+
+sub migrate_from_v2 {
+	my @cfg = command(qw/config -l/);
+	return if grep /^svn-remote\..+\.url=/, @cfg;
+	my %l_map;
+	read_old_urls(\%l_map, '', "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/svn");
+	my $migrated = 0;
+
+	require Git::SVN;
+	foreach my $ref_id (sort keys %l_map) {
+		eval { Git::SVN->init($l_map{$ref_id}, '', undef, $ref_id) };
+		if ($@) {
+			Git::SVN->init($l_map{$ref_id}, '', $ref_id, $ref_id);
+		}
+		$migrated++;
+	}
+	$migrated;
+}
+
+sub minimize_connections {
+	require Git::SVN;
+	require Git::SVN::Ra;
+
+	my $r = Git::SVN::read_all_remotes();
+	my $new_urls = {};
+	my $root_repos = {};
+	foreach my $repo_id (keys %$r) {
+		my $url = $r->{$repo_id}->{url} or next;
+		my $fetch = $r->{$repo_id}->{fetch} or next;
+		my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($url);
+
+		# skip existing cases where we already connect to the root
+		if (($ra->url eq $ra->{repos_root}) ||
+		    ($ra->{repos_root} eq $repo_id)) {
+			$root_repos->{$ra->url} = $repo_id;
+			next;
+		}
+
+		my $root_ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra->{repos_root});
+		my $root_path = $ra->url;
+		$root_path =~ s#^\Q$ra->{repos_root}\E(/|$)##;
+		foreach my $path (keys %$fetch) {
+			my $ref_id = $fetch->{$path};
+			my $gs = Git::SVN->new($ref_id, $repo_id, $path);
+
+			# make sure we can read when connecting to
+			# a higher level of a repository
+			my ($last_rev, undef) = $gs->last_rev_commit;
+			if (!defined $last_rev) {
+				$last_rev = eval {
+					$root_ra->get_latest_revnum;
+				};
+				next if $@;
+			}
+			my $new = $root_path;
+			$new .= length $path ? "/$path" : '';
+			eval {
+				$root_ra->get_log([$new], $last_rev, $last_rev,
+			                          0, 0, 1, sub { });
+			};
+			next if $@;
+			$new_urls->{$ra->{repos_root}}->{$new} =
+			        { ref_id => $ref_id,
+				  old_repo_id => $repo_id,
+				  old_path => $path };
+		}
+	}
+
+	my @emptied;
+	foreach my $url (keys %$new_urls) {
+		# see if we can re-use an existing [svn-remote "repo_id"]
+		# instead of creating a(n ugly) new section:
+		my $repo_id = $root_repos->{$url} || $url;
+
+		my $fetch = $new_urls->{$url};
+		foreach my $path (keys %$fetch) {
+			my $x = $fetch->{$path};
+			Git::SVN->init($url, $path, $repo_id, $x->{ref_id});
+			my $pfx = "svn-remote.$x->{old_repo_id}";
+
+			my $old_fetch = quotemeta("$x->{old_path}:".
+			                          "$x->{ref_id}");
+			command_noisy(qw/config --unset/,
+			              "$pfx.fetch", '^'. $old_fetch . '$');
+			delete $r->{$x->{old_repo_id}}->
+			       {fetch}->{$x->{old_path}};
+			if (!keys %{$r->{$x->{old_repo_id}}->{fetch}}) {
+				command_noisy(qw/config --unset/,
+				              "$pfx.url");
+				push @emptied, $x->{old_repo_id}
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (@emptied) {
+		my $file = $ENV{GIT_CONFIG} || "$ENV{GIT_DIR}/config";
+		print STDERR <<EOF;
+The following [svn-remote] sections in your config file ($file) are empty
+and can be safely removed:
+EOF
+		print STDERR "[svn-remote \"$_\"]\n" foreach @emptied;
+	}
+}
+
+sub migration_check {
+	migrate_from_v0();
+	migrate_from_v1();
+	migrate_from_v2();
+	minimize_connections() if $_minimize;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74daa7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Prompt.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,182 @@
+package Git::SVN::Prompt;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+require SVN::Core;
+use vars qw/$_no_auth_cache $_username/;
+
+sub simple {
+	my ($cred, $realm, $default_username, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
+	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
+	$default_username = $_username if defined $_username;
+	if (defined $default_username && length $default_username) {
+		if (defined $realm && length $realm) {
+			print STDERR "Authentication realm: $realm\n";
+			STDERR->flush;
+		}
+		$cred->username($default_username);
+	} else {
+		username($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool);
+	}
+	$cred->password(_read_password("Password for '" .
+	                               $cred->username . "': ", $realm));
+	$cred->may_save($may_save);
+	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+sub ssl_server_trust {
+	my ($cred, $realm, $failures, $cert_info, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
+	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
+	print STDERR "Error validating server certificate for '$realm':\n";
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# All variables SVN::Auth::SSL::* are used only once,
+		# so we're shutting up Perl warnings about this.
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::UNKNOWNCA) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate is not issued ",
+			    "by a trusted authority. Use the\n",
+			    "   fingerprint to validate ",
+			    "the certificate manually!\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::CNMISMATCH) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate hostname ",
+			    "does not match.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::NOTYETVALID) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate is not yet valid.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::EXPIRED) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate has expired.\n";
+		}
+		if ($failures & $SVN::Auth::SSL::OTHER) {
+			print STDERR " - The certificate has ",
+			    "an unknown error.\n";
+		}
+	} # no warnings 'once'
+	printf STDERR
+	        "Certificate information:\n".
+	        " - Hostname: %s\n".
+	        " - Valid: from %s until %s\n".
+	        " - Issuer: %s\n".
+	        " - Fingerprint: %s\n",
+	        map $cert_info->$_, qw(hostname valid_from valid_until
+	                               issuer_dname fingerprint);
+	my $choice;
+prompt:
+	my $options = $may_save ?
+	      "(R)eject, accept (t)emporarily or accept (p)ermanently? " :
+	      "(R)eject or accept (t)emporarily? ";
+	STDERR->flush;
+	$choice = lc(substr(Git::prompt("Certificate problem.\n" . $options) || 'R', 0, 1));
+	if ($choice eq 't') {
+		$cred->may_save(undef);
+	} elsif ($choice eq 'r') {
+		return -1;
+	} elsif ($may_save && $choice eq 'p') {
+		$cred->may_save($may_save);
+	} else {
+		goto prompt;
+	}
+	$cred->accepted_failures($failures);
+	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+sub ssl_client_cert {
+	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
+	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
+	print STDERR "Client certificate filename: ";
+	STDERR->flush;
+	chomp(my $filename = <STDIN>);
+	$cred->cert_file($filename);
+	$cred->may_save($may_save);
+	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+sub ssl_client_cert_pw {
+	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
+	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
+	$cred->password(_read_password("Password: ", $realm));
+	$cred->may_save($may_save);
+	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+sub username {
+	my ($cred, $realm, $may_save, $pool) = @_;
+	$may_save = undef if $_no_auth_cache;
+	if (defined $realm && length $realm) {
+		print STDERR "Authentication realm: $realm\n";
+	}
+	my $username;
+	if (defined $_username) {
+		$username = $_username;
+	} else {
+		$username = Git::prompt("Username: ");
+	}
+	$cred->username($username);
+	$cred->may_save($may_save);
+	$SVN::_Core::SVN_NO_ERROR;
+}
+
+sub _read_password {
+	my ($prompt, $realm) = @_;
+	my $password = Git::prompt($prompt, 1);
+	$password;
+}
+
+1;
+__END__
+
+Git::SVN::Prompt - authentication callbacks for git-svn
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    use Git::SVN::Prompt qw(simple ssl_client_cert ssl_client_cert_pw
+                            ssl_server_trust username);
+    use SVN::Client ();
+
+    my $cached_simple = SVN::Client::get_simple_provider();
+    my $git_simple = SVN::Client::get_simple_prompt_provider(\&simple, 2);
+    my $cached_ssl = SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider();
+    my $git_ssl = SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_prompt_provider(
+        \&ssl_server_trust);
+    my $cached_cert = SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_file_provider();
+    my $git_cert = SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_prompt_provider(
+        \&ssl_client_cert, 2);
+    my $cached_cert_pw = SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_file_provider();
+    my $git_cert_pw = SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_prompt_provider(
+        \&ssl_client_cert_pw, 2);
+    my $cached_username = SVN::Client::get_username_provider();
+    my $git_username = SVN::Client::get_username_prompt_provider(
+        \&username, 2);
+
+    my $ctx = new SVN::Client(
+        auth => [
+            $cached_simple, $git_simple,
+            $cached_ssl, $git_ssl,
+            $cached_cert, $git_cert,
+            $cached_cert_pw, $git_cert_pw,
+            $cached_username, $git_username
+        ]);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module is an implementation detail of the "git svn" command.
+It implements git-svn's authentication policy.  Do not use it unless
+you are developing git-svn.
+
+The interface will change as git-svn evolves.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+L<SVN::Core>.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<SVN::Client>.
+
+=head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES
+
+None reported.
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+None.
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..049c97b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Ra.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,668 @@
+package Git::SVN::Ra;
+use vars qw/@ISA $config_dir $_ignore_refs_regex $_log_window_size/;
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use SVN::Client;
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(
+	canonicalize_url
+	canonicalize_path
+	add_path_to_url
+);
+
+use SVN::Ra;
+BEGIN {
+	@ISA = qw(SVN::Ra);
+}
+
+my ($ra_invalid, $can_do_switch, %ignored_err, $RA);
+
+BEGIN {
+	# enforce temporary pool usage for some simple functions
+	no strict 'refs';
+	for my $f (qw/rev_proplist get_latest_revnum get_uuid get_repos_root
+	              get_file/) {
+		my $SUPER = "SUPER::$f";
+		*$f = sub {
+			my $self = shift;
+			my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+			my @ret = $self->$SUPER(@_,$pool);
+			$pool->clear;
+			wantarray ? @ret : $ret[0];
+		};
+	}
+}
+
+sub _auth_providers () {
+	my @rv = (
+	  SVN::Client::get_simple_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_simple_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::simple, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_file_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_client_cert_pw_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_client_cert_pw, 2),
+	  SVN::Client::get_username_provider(),
+	  SVN::Client::get_ssl_server_trust_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::ssl_server_trust),
+	  SVN::Client::get_username_prompt_provider(
+	    \&Git::SVN::Prompt::username, 2)
+	);
+
+	# earlier 1.6.x versions would segfault, and <= 1.5.x didn't have
+	# this function
+	if (::compare_svn_version('1.6.15') >= 0) {
+		my $config = SVN::Core::config_get_config($config_dir);
+		my ($p, @a);
+		# config_get_config returns all config files from
+		# ~/.subversion, auth_get_platform_specific_client_providers
+		# just wants the config "file".
+		@a = ($config->{'config'}, undef);
+		$p = SVN::Core::auth_get_platform_specific_client_providers(@a);
+		# Insert the return value from
+		# auth_get_platform_specific_providers
+		unshift @rv, @$p;
+	}
+	\@rv;
+}
+
+
+sub new {
+	my ($class, $url) = @_;
+	$url = canonicalize_url($url);
+	return $RA if ($RA && $RA->url eq $url);
+
+	::_req_svn();
+
+	SVN::_Core::svn_config_ensure($config_dir, undef);
+	my ($baton, $callbacks) = SVN::Core::auth_open_helper(_auth_providers);
+	my $config = SVN::Core::config_get_config($config_dir);
+	$RA = undef;
+	my $dont_store_passwords = 1;
+	my $conf_t = ${$config}{'config'};
+	{
+		no warnings 'once';
+		# The usage of $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_* variables
+		# produces warnings that variables are used only once.
+		# I had not found the better way to shut them up, so
+		# the warnings of type 'once' are disabled in this block.
+		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_PASSWORDS,
+		    1) == 0) {
+			SVN::_Core::svn_auth_set_parameter($baton,
+			    $SVN::_Core::SVN_AUTH_PARAM_DONT_STORE_PASSWORDS,
+			    bless (\$dont_store_passwords, "_p_void"));
+		}
+		if (SVN::_Core::svn_config_get_bool($conf_t,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_SECTION_AUTH,
+		    $SVN::_Core::SVN_CONFIG_OPTION_STORE_AUTH_CREDS,
+		    1) == 0) {
+			$Git::SVN::Prompt::_no_auth_cache = 1;
+		}
+	} # no warnings 'once'
+
+	my $self = SVN::Ra->new(url => $url, auth => $baton,
+	                      config => $config,
+			      pool => SVN::Pool->new,
+	                      auth_provider_callbacks => $callbacks);
+	$RA = bless $self, $class;
+
+	# Make sure its canonicalized
+	$self->url($url);
+	$self->{svn_path} = $url;
+	$self->{repos_root} = $self->get_repos_root;
+	$self->{svn_path} =~ s#^\Q$self->{repos_root}\E(/|$)##;
+	$self->{cache} = { check_path => { r => 0, data => {} },
+	                   get_dir => { r => 0, data => {} } };
+
+	return $RA;
+}
+
+sub url {
+	my $self = shift;
+
+	if (@_) {
+		my $url = shift;
+		$self->{url} = canonicalize_url($url);
+		return;
+	}
+
+	return $self->{url};
+}
+
+sub check_path {
+	my ($self, $path, $r) = @_;
+	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{check_path};
+	if ($r == $cache->{r} && exists $cache->{data}->{$path}) {
+		return $cache->{data}->{$path};
+	}
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my $t = $self->SUPER::check_path($path, $r, $pool);
+	$pool->clear;
+	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
+		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
+		$cache->{r} = $r;
+	}
+	$cache->{data}->{$path} = $t;
+}
+
+sub get_dir {
+	my ($self, $dir, $r) = @_;
+	my $cache = $self->{cache}->{get_dir};
+	if ($r == $cache->{r}) {
+		if (my $x = $cache->{data}->{$dir}) {
+			return wantarray ? @$x : $x->[0];
+		}
+	}
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	my ($d, undef, $props) = $self->SUPER::get_dir($dir, $r, $pool);
+	my %dirents = map { $_ => { kind => $d->{$_}->kind } } keys %$d;
+	$pool->clear;
+	if ($r != $cache->{r}) {
+		%{$cache->{data}} = ();
+		$cache->{r} = $r;
+	}
+	$cache->{data}->{$dir} = [ \%dirents, $r, $props ];
+	wantarray ? (\%dirents, $r, $props) : \%dirents;
+}
+
+sub DESTROY {
+	# do not call the real DESTROY since we store ourselves in $RA
+}
+
+# get_log(paths, start, end, limit,
+#         discover_changed_paths, strict_node_history, receiver)
+sub get_log {
+	my ($self, @args) = @_;
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+
+	# svn_log_changed_path_t objects passed to get_log are likely to be
+	# overwritten even if only the refs are copied to an external variable,
+	# so we should dup the structures in their entirety.  Using an
+	# externally passed pool (instead of our temporary and quickly cleared
+	# pool in Git::SVN::Ra) does not help matters at all...
+	my $receiver = pop @args;
+	my $prefix = "/".$self->{svn_path};
+	$prefix =~ s#/+($)##;
+	my $prefix_regex = qr#^\Q$prefix\E#;
+	push(@args, sub {
+		my ($paths) = $_[0];
+		return &$receiver(@_) unless $paths;
+		$_[0] = ();
+		foreach my $p (keys %$paths) {
+			my $i = $paths->{$p};
+			# Make path relative to our url, not repos_root
+			$p =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+			my %s = map { $_ => $i->$_; }
+				qw/copyfrom_path copyfrom_rev action/;
+			if ($s{'copyfrom_path'}) {
+				$s{'copyfrom_path'} =~ s/$prefix_regex//;
+				$s{'copyfrom_path'} = canonicalize_path($s{'copyfrom_path'});
+			}
+			$_[0]{$p} = \%s;
+		}
+		&$receiver(@_);
+	});
+
+
+	# the limit parameter was not supported in SVN 1.1.x, so we
+	# drop it.  Therefore, the receiver callback passed to it
+	# is made aware of this limitation by being wrapped if
+	# the limit passed to is being wrapped.
+	if (::compare_svn_version('1.2.0') <= 0) {
+		my $limit = splice(@args, 3, 1);
+		if ($limit > 0) {
+			my $receiver = pop @args;
+			push(@args, sub { &$receiver(@_) if (--$limit >= 0) });
+		}
+	}
+	my $ret = $self->SUPER::get_log(@args, $pool);
+	$pool->clear;
+	$ret;
+}
+
+sub trees_match {
+	my ($self, $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2) = @_;
+	my $ctx = SVN::Client->new(auth => _auth_providers);
+	my $out = IO::File->new_tmpfile;
+
+	# older SVN (1.1.x) doesn't take $pool as the last parameter for
+	# $ctx->diff(), so we'll create a default one
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new_default_sub;
+
+	$ra_invalid = 1; # this will open a new SVN::Ra connection to $url1
+	$ctx->diff([], $url1, $rev1, $url2, $rev2, 1, 1, 0, $out, $out);
+	$out->flush;
+	my $ret = (($out->stat)[7] == 0);
+	close $out or croak $!;
+
+	$ret;
+}
+
+sub get_commit_editor {
+	my ($self, $log, $cb, $pool) = @_;
+
+	my @lock = (::compare_svn_version('1.2.0') >= 0) ? (undef, 0) : ();
+	$self->SUPER::get_commit_editor($log, $cb, @lock, $pool);
+}
+
+sub gs_do_update {
+	my ($self, $rev_a, $rev_b, $gs, $editor) = @_;
+	my $new = ($rev_a == $rev_b);
+	my $path = $gs->path;
+
+	if ($new && -e $gs->{index}) {
+		unlink $gs->{index} or die
+		  "Couldn't unlink index: $gs->{index}: $!\n";
+	}
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+	$editor->set_path_strip($path);
+	my (@pc) = split m#/#, $path;
+	my $reporter = $self->do_update($rev_b, (@pc ? shift @pc : ''),
+	                                1, $editor, $pool);
+	my @lock = (::compare_svn_version('1.2.0') >= 0) ? (undef) : ();
+
+	# Since we can't rely on svn_ra_reparent being available, we'll
+	# just have to do some magic with set_path to make it so
+	# we only want a partial path.
+	my $sp = '';
+	my $final = join('/', @pc);
+	while (@pc) {
+		$reporter->set_path($sp, $rev_b, 0, @lock, $pool);
+		$sp .= '/' if length $sp;
+		$sp .= shift @pc;
+	}
+	die "BUG: '$sp' != '$final'\n" if ($sp ne $final);
+
+	$reporter->set_path($sp, $rev_a, $new, @lock, $pool);
+
+	$reporter->finish_report($pool);
+	$pool->clear;
+	$editor->{git_commit_ok};
+}
+
+# this requires SVN 1.4.3 or later (do_switch didn't work before 1.4.3, and
+# svn_ra_reparent didn't work before 1.4)
+sub gs_do_switch {
+	my ($self, $rev_a, $rev_b, $gs, $url_b, $editor) = @_;
+	my $path = $gs->path;
+	my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+
+	my $old_url = $self->url;
+	my $full_url = add_path_to_url( $self->url, $path );
+	my ($ra, $reparented);
+
+	if ($old_url =~ m#^svn(\+ssh)?://# ||
+	    ($full_url =~ m#^https?://# &&
+	     canonicalize_url($full_url) ne $full_url)) {
+		$_[0] = undef;
+		$self = undef;
+		$RA = undef;
+		$ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($full_url);
+		$ra_invalid = 1;
+	} elsif ($old_url ne $full_url) {
+		SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent(
+			$self->{session},
+			canonicalize_url($full_url),
+			$pool
+		);
+		$self->url($full_url);
+		$reparented = 1;
+	}
+
+	$ra ||= $self;
+	$url_b = canonicalize_url($url_b);
+	my $reporter = $ra->do_switch($rev_b, '', 1, $url_b, $editor, $pool);
+	my @lock = (::compare_svn_version('1.2.0') >= 0) ? (undef) : ();
+	$reporter->set_path('', $rev_a, 0, @lock, $pool);
+	$reporter->finish_report($pool);
+
+	if ($reparented) {
+		SVN::_Ra::svn_ra_reparent($self->{session}, $old_url, $pool);
+		$self->url($old_url);
+	}
+
+	$pool->clear;
+	$editor->{git_commit_ok};
+}
+
+sub longest_common_path {
+	my ($gsv, $globs) = @_;
+	my %common;
+	my $common_max = scalar @$gsv;
+
+	foreach my $gs (@$gsv) {
+		my @tmp = split m#/#, $gs->path;
+		my $p = '';
+		foreach (@tmp) {
+			$p .= length($p) ? "/$_" : $_;
+			$common{$p} ||= 0;
+			$common{$p}++;
+		}
+	}
+	$globs ||= [];
+	$common_max += scalar @$globs;
+	foreach my $glob (@$globs) {
+		my @tmp = split m#/#, $glob->{path}->{left};
+		my $p = '';
+		foreach (@tmp) {
+			$p .= length($p) ? "/$_" : $_;
+			$common{$p} ||= 0;
+			$common{$p}++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	my $longest_path = '';
+	foreach (sort {length $b <=> length $a} keys %common) {
+		if ($common{$_} == $common_max) {
+			$longest_path = $_;
+			last;
+		}
+	}
+	$longest_path;
+}
+
+sub gs_fetch_loop_common {
+	my ($self, $base, $head, $gsv, $globs) = @_;
+	return if ($base > $head);
+	my $inc = $_log_window_size;
+	my ($min, $max) = ($base, $head < $base + $inc ? $head : $base + $inc);
+	my $longest_path = longest_common_path($gsv, $globs);
+	my $ra_url = $self->url;
+	my $find_trailing_edge;
+	while (1) {
+		my %revs;
+		my $err;
+		my $err_handler = $SVN::Error::handler;
+		$SVN::Error::handler = sub {
+			($err) = @_;
+			skip_unknown_revs($err);
+		};
+		sub _cb {
+			my ($paths, $r, $author, $date, $log) = @_;
+			[ $paths,
+			  { author => $author, date => $date, log => $log } ];
+		}
+		$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $max, 0, 1, 1,
+		               sub { $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
+		if ($err) {
+			print "Checked through r$max\r";
+		} else {
+			$find_trailing_edge = 1;
+		}
+		if ($err and $find_trailing_edge) {
+			print STDERR "Path '$longest_path' ",
+				     "was probably deleted:\n",
+				     $err->expanded_message,
+				     "\nWill attempt to follow ",
+				     "revisions r$min .. r$max ",
+				     "committed before the deletion\n";
+			my $hi = $max;
+			while (--$hi >= $min) {
+				my $ok;
+				$self->get_log([$longest_path], $min, $hi,
+				               0, 1, 1, sub {
+				               $ok = $_[1];
+				               $revs{$_[1]} = _cb(@_) });
+				if ($ok) {
+					print STDERR "r$min .. r$ok OK\n";
+					last;
+				}
+			}
+			$find_trailing_edge = 0;
+		}
+		$SVN::Error::handler = $err_handler;
+
+		my %exists = map { $_->path => $_ } @$gsv;
+		foreach my $r (sort {$a <=> $b} keys %revs) {
+			my ($paths, $logged) = @{$revs{$r}};
+
+			foreach my $gs ($self->match_globs(\%exists, $paths,
+			                                   $globs, $r)) {
+				if ($gs->rev_map_max >= $r) {
+					next;
+				}
+				next unless $gs->match_paths($paths, $r);
+				$gs->{logged_rev_props} = $logged;
+				if (my $last_commit = $gs->last_commit) {
+					$gs->assert_index_clean($last_commit);
+				}
+				my $log_entry = $gs->do_fetch($paths, $r);
+				if ($log_entry) {
+					$gs->do_git_commit($log_entry);
+				}
+				$Git::SVN::INDEX_FILES{$gs->{index}} = 1;
+			}
+			foreach my $g (@$globs) {
+				my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}." .
+				        "$g->{t}-maxRev";
+				Git::SVN::tmp_config($k, $r);
+			}
+			if ($ra_invalid) {
+				$_[0] = undef;
+				$self = undef;
+				$RA = undef;
+				$self = Git::SVN::Ra->new($ra_url);
+				$ra_invalid = undef;
+			}
+		}
+		# pre-fill the .rev_db since it'll eventually get filled in
+		# with '0' x40 if something new gets committed
+		foreach my $gs (@$gsv) {
+			next if $gs->rev_map_max >= $max;
+			next if defined $gs->rev_map_get($max);
+			$gs->rev_map_set($max, 0 x40);
+		}
+		foreach my $g (@$globs) {
+			my $k = "svn-remote.$g->{remote}.$g->{t}-maxRev";
+			Git::SVN::tmp_config($k, $max);
+		}
+		last if $max >= $head;
+		$min = $max + 1;
+		$max += $inc;
+		$max = $head if ($max > $head);
+	}
+	Git::SVN::gc();
+}
+
+sub get_dir_globbed {
+	my ($self, $left, $depth, $r) = @_;
+
+	my @x = eval { $self->get_dir($left, $r) };
+	return unless scalar @x == 3;
+	my $dirents = $x[0];
+	my @finalents;
+	foreach my $de (keys %$dirents) {
+		next if $dirents->{$de}->{kind} != $SVN::Node::dir;
+		if ($depth > 1) {
+			my @args = ("$left/$de", $depth - 1, $r);
+			foreach my $dir ($self->get_dir_globbed(@args)) {
+				push @finalents, "$de/$dir";
+			}
+		} else {
+			push @finalents, $de;
+		}
+	}
+	@finalents;
+}
+
+# return value: 0 -- don't ignore, 1 -- ignore
+sub is_ref_ignored {
+	my ($g, $p) = @_;
+	my $refname = $g->{ref}->full_path($p);
+	return 1 if defined($g->{ignore_refs_regex}) &&
+	            $refname =~ m!$g->{ignore_refs_regex}!;
+	return 0 unless defined($_ignore_refs_regex);
+	return 1 if $refname =~ m!$_ignore_refs_regex!o;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+sub match_globs {
+	my ($self, $exists, $paths, $globs, $r) = @_;
+
+	sub get_dir_check {
+		my ($self, $exists, $g, $r) = @_;
+
+		my @dirs = $self->get_dir_globbed($g->{path}->{left},
+		                                  $g->{path}->{depth},
+		                                  $r);
+
+		foreach my $de (@dirs) {
+			my $p = $g->{path}->full_path($de);
+			next if $exists->{$p};
+			next if (length $g->{path}->{right} &&
+				 ($self->check_path($p, $r) !=
+				  $SVN::Node::dir));
+			next unless $p =~ /$g->{path}->{regex}/;
+			$exists->{$p} = Git::SVN->init($self->url, $p, undef,
+					 $g->{ref}->full_path($de), 1);
+		}
+	}
+	foreach my $g (@$globs) {
+		if (my $path = $paths->{"/$g->{path}->{left}"}) {
+			if ($path->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/) {
+				get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
+			}
+		}
+		foreach (keys %$paths) {
+			if (/$g->{path}->{left_regex}/ &&
+			    !/$g->{path}->{regex}/) {
+				next if $paths->{$_}->{action} !~ /^[AR]$/;
+				get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
+			}
+			next unless /$g->{path}->{regex}/;
+			my $p = $1;
+			my $pathname = $g->{path}->full_path($p);
+			next if is_ref_ignored($g, $p);
+			next if $exists->{$pathname};
+			next if ($self->check_path($pathname, $r) !=
+			         $SVN::Node::dir);
+			$exists->{$pathname} = Git::SVN->init(
+			                      $self->url, $pathname, undef,
+			                      $g->{ref}->full_path($p), 1);
+		}
+		my $c = '';
+		foreach (split m#/#, $g->{path}->{left}) {
+			$c .= "/$_";
+			next unless ($paths->{$c} &&
+			             ($paths->{$c}->{action} =~ /^[AR]$/));
+			get_dir_check($self, $exists, $g, $r);
+		}
+	}
+	values %$exists;
+}
+
+sub minimize_url {
+	my ($self) = @_;
+	return $self->url if ($self->url eq $self->{repos_root});
+	my $url = $self->{repos_root};
+	my @components = split(m!/!, $self->{svn_path});
+	my $c = '';
+	do {
+		$url = add_path_to_url($url, $c);
+		eval {
+			my $ra = (ref $self)->new($url);
+			my $latest = $ra->get_latest_revnum;
+			$ra->get_log("", $latest, 0, 1, 0, 1, sub {});
+		};
+	} while ($@ && ($c = shift @components));
+
+	return canonicalize_url($url);
+}
+
+sub can_do_switch {
+	my $self = shift;
+	unless (defined $can_do_switch) {
+		my $pool = SVN::Pool->new;
+		my $rep = eval {
+			$self->do_switch(1, '', 0, $self->url,
+			                 SVN::Delta::Editor->new, $pool);
+		};
+		if ($@) {
+			$can_do_switch = 0;
+		} else {
+			$rep->abort_report($pool);
+			$can_do_switch = 1;
+		}
+		$pool->clear;
+	}
+	$can_do_switch;
+}
+
+sub skip_unknown_revs {
+	my ($err) = @_;
+	my $errno = $err->apr_err();
+	# Maybe the branch we're tracking didn't
+	# exist when the repo started, so it's
+	# not an error if it doesn't, just continue
+	#
+	# Wonderfully consistent library, eh?
+	# 160013 - svn:// and file://
+	# 175002 - http(s)://
+	# 175007 - http(s):// (this repo required authorization, too...)
+	#   More codes may be discovered later...
+	if ($errno == 175007 || $errno == 175002 || $errno == 160013) {
+		my $err_key = $err->expanded_message;
+		# revision numbers change every time, filter them out
+		$err_key =~ s/\d+/\0/g;
+		$err_key = "$errno\0$err_key";
+		unless ($ignored_err{$err_key}) {
+			warn "W: Ignoring error from SVN, path probably ",
+			     "does not exist: ($errno): ",
+			     $err->expanded_message,"\n";
+			warn "W: Do not be alarmed at the above message ",
+			     "git-svn is just searching aggressively for ",
+			     "old history.\n",
+			     "This may take a while on large repositories\n";
+			$ignored_err{$err_key} = 1;
+		}
+		return;
+	}
+	die "Error from SVN, ($errno): ", $err->expanded_message,"\n";
+}
+
+1;
+__END__
+
+Git::SVN::Ra - Subversion remote access functions for git-svn
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    use Git::SVN::Ra;
+
+    my $ra = Git::SVN::Ra->new($branchurl);
+    my ($dirents, $fetched_revnum, $props) =
+        $ra->get_dir('.', $SVN::Core::INVALID_REVNUM);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This is a wrapper around the L<SVN::Ra> module for use by B<git-svn>.
+It fills in some default parameters (such as the authentication
+scheme), smooths over incompatibilities between libsvn versions, adds
+caching, and implements some functions specific to B<git-svn>.
+
+Do not use it unless you are developing git-svn.  The interface will
+change as git-svn evolves.
+
+=head1 DEPENDENCIES
+
+Subversion perl bindings,
+L<Git::SVN>.
+
+C<Git::SVN::Ra> has not been tested using callers other than
+B<git-svn> itself.
+
+=head1 SEE ALSO
+
+L<SVN::Ra>.
+
+=head1 INCOMPATIBILITIES
+
+None reported.
+
+=head1 BUGS
+
+None.
diff --git a/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm b/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3d1a093
--- /dev/null
+++ b/perl/Git/SVN/Utils.pm
@@ -0,0 +1,232 @@
+package Git::SVN::Utils;
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use SVN::Core;
+
+use base qw(Exporter);
+
+our @EXPORT_OK = qw(
+	fatal
+	can_compress
+	canonicalize_path
+	canonicalize_url
+	join_paths
+	add_path_to_url
+);
+
+
+=head1 NAME
+
+Git::SVN::Utils - utility functions used across Git::SVN
+
+=head1 SYNOPSIS
+
+    use Git::SVN::Utils qw(functions to import);
+
+=head1 DESCRIPTION
+
+This module contains functions which are useful across many different
+parts of Git::SVN.  Mostly it's a place to put utility functions
+rather than duplicate the code or have classes grabbing at other
+classes.
+
+=head1 FUNCTIONS
+
+All functions can be imported only on request.
+
+=head3 fatal
+
+    fatal(@message);
+
+Display a message and exit with a fatal error code.
+
+=cut
+
+# Note: not certain why this is in use instead of die.  Probably because
+# the exit code of die is 255?  Doesn't appear to be used consistently.
+sub fatal (@) { print STDERR "@_\n"; exit 1 }
+
+
+=head3 can_compress
+
+    my $can_compress = can_compress;
+
+Returns true if Compress::Zlib is available, false otherwise.
+
+=cut
+
+my $can_compress;
+sub can_compress {
+	return $can_compress if defined $can_compress;
+
+	return $can_compress = eval { require Compress::Zlib; };
+}
+
+
+=head3 canonicalize_path
+
+    my $canoncalized_path = canonicalize_path($path);
+
+Converts $path into a canonical form which is safe to pass to the SVN
+API as a file path.
+
+=cut
+
+# Turn foo/../bar into bar
+sub _collapse_dotdot {
+	my $path = shift;
+
+	1 while $path =~ s{/[^/]+/+\.\.}{};
+	1 while $path =~ s{[^/]+/+\.\./}{};
+	1 while $path =~ s{[^/]+/+\.\.}{};
+
+	return $path;
+}
+
+
+sub canonicalize_path {
+	my $path = shift;
+	my $rv;
+
+	# The 1.7 way to do it
+	if ( defined &SVN::_Core::svn_dirent_canonicalize ) {
+		$path = _collapse_dotdot($path);
+		$rv = SVN::_Core::svn_dirent_canonicalize($path);
+	}
+	# The 1.6 way to do it
+	# This can return undef on subversion-perl-1.4.2-2.el5 (CentOS 5.2)
+	elsif ( defined &SVN::_Core::svn_path_canonicalize ) {
+		$path = _collapse_dotdot($path);
+		$rv = SVN::_Core::svn_path_canonicalize($path);
+	}
+
+	return $rv if defined $rv;
+
+	# No SVN API canonicalization is available, or the SVN API
+	# didn't return a successful result, do it ourselves
+	return _canonicalize_path_ourselves($path);
+}
+
+
+sub _canonicalize_path_ourselves {
+	my ($path) = @_;
+	my $dot_slash_added = 0;
+	if (substr($path, 0, 1) ne "/") {
+		$path = "./" . $path;
+		$dot_slash_added = 1;
+	}
+	$path =~ s#/+#/#g;
+	$path =~ s#/\.(?:/|$)#/#g;
+	$path = _collapse_dotdot($path);
+	$path =~ s#/$##g;
+	$path =~ s#^\./## if $dot_slash_added;
+	$path =~ s#^\.$##;
+	return $path;
+}
+
+
+=head3 canonicalize_url
+
+    my $canonicalized_url = canonicalize_url($url);
+
+Converts $url into a canonical form which is safe to pass to the SVN
+API as a URL.
+
+=cut
+
+sub canonicalize_url {
+	my $url = shift;
+
+	# The 1.7 way to do it
+	if ( defined &SVN::_Core::svn_uri_canonicalize ) {
+		return SVN::_Core::svn_uri_canonicalize($url);
+	}
+	# There wasn't a 1.6 way to do it, so we do it ourself.
+	else {
+		return _canonicalize_url_ourselves($url);
+	}
+}
+
+
+sub _canonicalize_url_path {
+	my ($uri_path) = @_;
+
+	my @parts;
+	foreach my $part (split m{/+}, $uri_path) {
+		$part =~ s/([^!\$%&'()*+,.\/\w:=\@_`~-]|%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2}))/sprintf("%%%02X",ord($1))/eg;
+		push @parts, $part;
+	}
+
+	return join('/', @parts);
+}
+
+sub _canonicalize_url_ourselves {
+	my ($url) = @_;
+	if ($url =~ m#^([^:]+)://([^/]*)(.*)$#) {
+		my ($scheme, $domain, $uri) = ($1, $2, _canonicalize_url_path(canonicalize_path($3)));
+		$url = "$scheme://$domain$uri";
+	}
+	$url;
+}
+
+
+=head3 join_paths
+
+    my $new_path = join_paths(@paths);
+
+Appends @paths together into a single path.  Any empty paths are ignored.
+
+=cut
+
+sub join_paths {
+	my @paths = @_;
+
+	@paths = grep { defined $_ && length $_ } @paths;
+
+	return '' unless @paths;
+	return $paths[0] if @paths == 1;
+
+	my $new_path = shift @paths;
+	$new_path =~ s{/+$}{};
+
+	my $last_path = pop @paths;
+	$last_path =~ s{^/+}{};
+
+	for my $path (@paths) {
+		$path =~ s{^/+}{};
+		$path =~ s{/+$}{};
+		$new_path .= "/$path";
+	}
+
+	return $new_path .= "/$last_path";
+}
+
+
+=head3 add_path_to_url
+
+    my $new_url = add_path_to_url($url, $path);
+
+Appends $path onto the $url.  If $path is empty, $url is returned unchanged.
+
+=cut
+
+sub add_path_to_url {
+	my($url, $path) = @_;
+
+	return $url if !defined $path or !length $path;
+
+	# Strip trailing and leading slashes so we don't
+	# wind up with http://x.com///path
+	$url  =~ s{/+$}{};
+	$path =~ s{^/+}{};
+
+	# If a path has a % in it, URI escape it so it's not
+	# mistaken for a URI escape later.
+	$path =~ s{%}{%25}g;
+
+	return join '/', $url, $path;
+}
+
+1;
diff --git a/perl/Makefile b/perl/Makefile
index a2ffb64..15d96fc 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile
+++ b/perl/Makefile
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@
 # Makefile for perl support modules and routine
 #
 makfile:=perl.mak
+modules =
 
 PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 prefix_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix))
+localedir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(localedir))
 
 ifndef V
 	QUIET = @
@@ -18,19 +20,59 @@
 	$(RM) ppport.h
 	$(RM) $(makfile)
 	$(RM) $(makfile).old
+	$(RM) PM.stamp
+
+$(makfile): PM.stamp
 
 ifdef NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER
 instdir_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(prefix)/lib)
+
+modules += Git
+modules += Git/I18N
+modules += Git/IndexInfo
+modules += Git/SVN
+modules += Git/SVN/Memoize/YAML
+modules += Git/SVN/Fetcher
+modules += Git/SVN/Editor
+modules += Git/SVN/GlobSpec
+modules += Git/SVN/Log
+modules += Git/SVN/Migration
+modules += Git/SVN/Prompt
+modules += Git/SVN/Ra
+modules += Git/SVN/Utils
+
 $(makfile): ../GIT-CFLAGS Makefile
-	echo all: private-Error.pm Git.pm > $@
-	echo '	mkdir -p blib/lib' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/Git.pm; cp Git.pm blib/lib/' >> $@
+	echo all: private-Error.pm Git.pm Git/I18N.pm > $@
+	set -e; \
+	for i in $(modules); \
+	do \
+		if test $$i = $${i%/*}; \
+		then \
+			subdir=; \
+		else \
+			subdir=/$${i%/*}; \
+		fi; \
+		echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/'$$i'.pm' >> $@; \
+		echo '	mkdir -p blib/lib'$$subdir >> $@; \
+		echo '	cp '$$i'.pm blib/lib/'$$i'.pm' >> $@; \
+	done
 	echo '	$(RM) blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
 	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
 	echo '	cp private-Error.pm blib/lib/Error.pm' >> $@
 	echo install: >> $@
-	echo '	mkdir -p "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
-	echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Git.pm"; cp Git.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)"' >> $@
+	set -e; \
+	for i in $(modules); \
+	do \
+		if test $$i = $${i%/*}; \
+		then \
+			subdir=; \
+		else \
+			subdir=/$${i%/*}; \
+		fi; \
+		echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/'$$i'.pm"' >> $@; \
+		echo '	mkdir -p "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)'$$subdir'"' >> $@; \
+		echo '	cp '$$i'.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/'$$i'.pm"' >> $@; \
+	done
 	echo '	$(RM) "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
 	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' -MError -e 'exit($$Error::VERSION < 0.15009)' || \
 	echo '	cp private-Error.pm "$$(DESTDIR)$(instdir_SQ)/Error.pm"' >> $@
@@ -38,7 +80,7 @@
 	echo '	echo $(instdir_SQ)' >> $@
 else
 $(makfile): Makefile.PL ../GIT-CFLAGS
-	$(PERL_PATH) $< PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)' INSTALL_BASE=''
+	$(PERL_PATH) $< PREFIX='$(prefix_SQ)' INSTALL_BASE='' --localedir='$(localedir_SQ)'
 endif
 
 # this is just added comfort for calling make directly in perl dir
diff --git a/perl/Makefile.PL b/perl/Makefile.PL
index 0b9deca..3f29ba9 100644
--- a/perl/Makefile.PL
+++ b/perl/Makefile.PL
@@ -1,4 +1,17 @@
+use strict;
+use warnings;
 use ExtUtils::MakeMaker;
+use Getopt::Long;
+use File::Find;
+
+# Don't forget to update the perl/Makefile, too.
+# Don't forget to test with NO_PERL_MAKEMAKER=YesPlease
+
+# Sanity: die at first unknown option
+Getopt::Long::Configure qw/ pass_through /;
+
+my $localedir = '';
+GetOptions("localedir=s" => \$localedir);
 
 sub MY::postamble {
 	return <<'MAKE_FRAG';
@@ -16,12 +29,22 @@
 MAKE_FRAG
 }
 
-my %pm = ('Git.pm' => '$(INST_LIBDIR)/Git.pm');
+# Find all the .pm files in "Git/" and Git.pm
+my %pm;
+find sub {
+	return unless /\.pm$/;
+
+	# sometimes File::Find prepends a ./  Strip it.
+	my $pm_path = $File::Find::name;
+	$pm_path =~ s{^\./}{};
+
+	$pm{$pm_path} = '$(INST_LIBDIR)/'.$pm_path;
+}, "Git", "Git.pm";
+
 
 # We come with our own bundled Error.pm. It's not in the set of default
 # Perl modules so install it if it's not available on the system yet.
-eval { require Error };
-if ($@ || $Error::VERSION < 0.15009) {
+if ( !eval { require Error } || $Error::VERSION < 0.15009) {
 	$pm{'private-Error.pm'} = '$(INST_LIBDIR)/Error.pm';
 }
 
@@ -33,6 +56,7 @@
 	NAME            => 'Git',
 	VERSION_FROM    => 'Git.pm',
 	PM		=> \%pm,
+	PM_FILTER	=> qq[\$(PERL) -pe "s<\\Q++LOCALEDIR++\\E><$localedir>"],
 	MAKEFILE	=> 'perl.mak',
 	INSTALLSITEMAN3DIR => '$(SITEPREFIX)/share/man/man3'
 );
diff --git a/pkt-line.c b/pkt-line.c
index 5a04984..eaba15f 100644
--- a/pkt-line.c
+++ b/pkt-line.c
@@ -135,13 +135,19 @@
 	strbuf_add(buf, buffer, n);
 }
 
-static void safe_read(int fd, void *buffer, unsigned size)
+static int safe_read(int fd, void *buffer, unsigned size, int return_line_fail)
 {
 	ssize_t ret = read_in_full(fd, buffer, size);
 	if (ret < 0)
 		die_errno("read error");
-	else if (ret < size)
+	else if (ret < size) {
+		if (return_line_fail)
+			return -1;
+
 		die("The remote end hung up unexpectedly");
+	}
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int packet_length(const char *linelen)
@@ -169,12 +175,14 @@
 	return len;
 }
 
-int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+static int packet_read_internal(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size, int return_line_fail)
 {
-	int len;
+	int len, ret;
 	char linelen[4];
 
-	safe_read(fd, linelen, 4);
+	ret = safe_read(fd, linelen, 4, return_line_fail);
+	if (return_line_fail && ret < 0)
+		return ret;
 	len = packet_length(linelen);
 	if (len < 0)
 		die("protocol error: bad line length character: %.4s", linelen);
@@ -185,12 +193,24 @@
 	len -= 4;
 	if (len >= size)
 		die("protocol error: bad line length %d", len);
-	safe_read(fd, buffer, len);
+	ret = safe_read(fd, buffer, len, return_line_fail);
+	if (return_line_fail && ret < 0)
+		return ret;
 	buffer[len] = 0;
 	packet_trace(buffer, len, 0);
 	return len;
 }
 
+int packet_read(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+{
+	return packet_read_internal(fd, buffer, size, 1);
+}
+
+int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size)
+{
+	return packet_read_internal(fd, buffer, size, 0);
+}
+
 int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out,
 	char **src_buf, size_t *src_len)
 {
diff --git a/pkt-line.h b/pkt-line.h
index 1e5dcfe..8cfeb0c 100644
--- a/pkt-line.h
+++ b/pkt-line.h
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 void packet_buf_write(struct strbuf *buf, const char *fmt, ...) __attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)));
 
 int packet_read_line(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size);
+int packet_read(int fd, char *buffer, unsigned size);
 int packet_get_line(struct strbuf *out, char **src_buf, size_t *src_len);
 ssize_t safe_write(int, const void *, ssize_t);
 
diff --git a/po/.gitignore b/po/.gitignore
index a242a86..796b96d 100644
--- a/po/.gitignore
+++ b/po/.gitignore
@@ -1 +1 @@
-/git.pot
+/build
diff --git a/po/README b/po/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c1520e8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/README
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+Core GIT Translations
+=====================
+
+This directory holds the translations for the core of Git. This document
+describes how you can contribute to the effort of enhancing the language
+coverage and maintaining the translation.
+
+The localization (l10n) coordinator, Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>,
+coordinates our localization effort in the l10 coordinator repository:
+
+        https://github.com/git-l10n/git-po/
+
+As a contributor for a language XX, you should first check TEAMS file in
+this directory to see whether a dedicated repository for your language XX
+exists. Fork the dedicated repository and start to work if it exists.
+
+If you are the first contributor for the language XX, please fork this
+repository, prepare and/or update the translated message file po/XX.po
+(described later), and ask the l10n coordinator to pull your work.
+
+If there are multiple contributors for the same language, please first
+coordinate among yourselves and nominate the team leader for your
+language, so that the l10n coordinator only needs to interact with one
+person per language.
+
+The overall data-flow looks like this:
+
+    +-------------------+            +------------------+
+    | Git source code   | ---(1)---> | L10n coordinator |
+    | repository        | <---(4)--- | repository       |
+    +-------------------+            +------------------+
+                                          |      ^
+                                         (2)    (3)
+                                          V      |
+                                     +------------------+
+                                     | Language Team XX |
+                                     +------------------+
+
+ * Translatable strings are marked in the source file.
+ * L10n coordinator pulls from the source (1)
+ * L10n coordinator updates the message template po/git.pot
+ * Language team pulls from L10n coordinator (2)
+ * Language team updates the message file po/XX.po
+ * L10n coordinator pulls from Language team (3)
+ * L10n coordinator asks the result to be pulled (4).
+
+
+Maintaining the po/git.pot file
+-------------------------------
+
+(This is done by the l10n coordinator).
+
+The po/git.pot file contains a message catalog extracted from Git's
+sources. The l10n coordinator maintains it by adding new translations with
+msginit(1), or update existing ones with msgmerge(1).  In order to update
+the Git sources to extract the messages from, the l10n coordinator is
+expected to pull from the main git repository at strategic point in
+history (e.g. when a major release and release candidates are tagged),
+and then run "make pot" at the top-level directory.
+
+Language contributors use this file to prepare translations for their
+language, but they are not expected to modify it.
+
+
+Initializing a XX.po file
+-------------------------
+
+(This is done by the language teams).
+
+If your language XX does not have translated message file po/XX.po yet,
+you add a translation for the first time by running:
+
+    msginit --locale=XX
+
+in the po/ directory, where XX is the locale, e.g. "de", "is", "pt_BR",
+"zh_CN", etc.
+
+Then edit the automatically generated copyright info in your new XX.po
+to be correct, e.g. for Icelandic:
+
+    @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
+    -# Icelandic translations for PACKAGE package.
+    -# Copyright (C) 2010 THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+    -# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+    +# Icelandic translations for Git.
+    +# Copyright (C) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
+    +# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+     # Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>, 2010.
+
+And change references to PACKAGE VERSION in the PO Header Entry to
+just "Git":
+
+    perl -pi -e 's/(?<="Project-Id-Version: )PACKAGE VERSION/Git/' XX.po
+
+Once you are done testing the translation (see below), commit the result
+and ask the l10n coordinator to pull from you.
+
+
+Updating a XX.po file
+---------------------
+
+(This is done by the language teams).
+
+If you are replacing translation strings in an existing XX.po file to
+improve the translation, just edit the file.
+
+If there's an existing XX.po file for your language, but the repository
+of the l10n coordinator has newer po/git.pot file, you would need to first
+pull from the l10n coordinator (see the beginning of this document for its
+URL), and then update the existing translation by running:
+
+    msgmerge --add-location --backup=off -U XX.po git.pot
+
+in the po/ directory, where XX.po is the file you want to update.
+
+Once you are done testing the translation (see below), commit the result
+and ask the l10n coordinator to pull from you.
+
+
+Testing your changes
+--------------------
+
+(This is done by the language teams, after creating or updating XX.po file).
+
+Before you submit your changes go back to the top-level and do:
+
+    make
+
+On systems with GNU gettext (i.e. not Solaris) this will compile your
+changed PO file with `msgfmt --check`, the --check option flags many
+common errors, e.g. missing printf format strings, or translated
+messages that deviate from the originals in whether they begin/end
+with a newline or not.
+
+
+Marking strings for translation
+-------------------------------
+
+(This is done by the core developers).
+
+Before strings can be translated they first have to be marked for
+translation.
+
+Git uses an internationalization interface that wraps the system's
+gettext library, so most of the advice in your gettext documentation
+(on GNU systems `info gettext` in a terminal) applies.
+
+General advice:
+
+ - Don't mark everything for translation, only strings which will be
+   read by humans (the porcelain interface) should be translated.
+
+   The output from Git's plumbing utilities will primarily be read by
+   programs and would break scripts under non-C locales if it was
+   translated. Plumbing strings should not be translated, since
+   they're part of Git's API.
+
+ - Adjust the strings so that they're easy to translate. Most of the
+   advice in `info '(gettext)Preparing Strings'` applies here.
+
+ - If something is unclear or ambiguous you can use a "TRANSLATORS"
+   comment to tell the translators what to make of it. These will be
+   extracted by xgettext(1) and put in the po/*.po files, e.g. from
+   git-am.sh:
+
+       # TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+       # in your translation. The program will only accept English
+       # input at this point.
+       gettext "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+
+   Or in C, from builtin/revert.c:
+
+       /* TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick" */
+       die(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"), action_name(opts));
+
+We provide wrappers for C, Shell and Perl programs. Here's how they're
+used:
+
+C:
+
+ - Include builtin.h at the top, it'll pull in gettext.h, which
+   defines the gettext interface. Consult with the list if you need to
+   use gettext.h directly.
+
+ - The C interface is a subset of the normal GNU gettext
+   interface. We currently export these functions:
+
+   - _()
+
+    Mark and translate a string. E.g.:
+
+        printf(_("HEAD is now at %s"), hex);
+
+   - Q_()
+
+    Mark and translate a plural string. E.g.:
+
+        printf(Q_("%d commit", "%d commits", number_of_commits));
+
+    This is just a wrapper for the ngettext() function.
+
+   - N_()
+
+    A no-op pass-through macro for marking strings inside static
+    initializations, e.g.:
+
+        static const char *reset_type_names[] = {
+            N_("mixed"), N_("soft"), N_("hard"), N_("merge"), N_("keep"), NULL
+        };
+
+    And then, later:
+
+        die(_("%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"),
+               _(reset_type_names[reset_type]));
+
+    Here _() couldn't have statically determined what the translation
+    string will be, but since it was already marked for translation
+    with N_() the look-up in the message catalog will succeed.
+
+Shell:
+
+ - The Git gettext shell interface is just a wrapper for
+   gettext.sh. Import it right after git-sh-setup like this:
+
+       . git-sh-setup
+       . git-sh-i18n
+
+   And then use the gettext or eval_gettext functions:
+
+       # For constant interface messages:
+       gettext "A message for the user"; echo
+
+       # To interpolate variables:
+       details="oh noes"
+       eval_gettext "An error occured: \$details"; echo
+
+   In addition we have wrappers for messages that end with a trailing
+   newline. I.e. you could write the above as:
+
+       # For constant interface messages:
+       gettextln "A message for the user"
+
+       # To interpolate variables:
+       details="oh noes"
+       eval_gettextln "An error occured: \$details"
+
+   More documentation about the interface is available in the GNU info
+   page: `info '(gettext)sh'`. Looking at git-am.sh (the first shell
+   command to be translated) for examples is also useful:
+
+       git log --reverse -p --grep=i18n git-am.sh
+
+Perl:
+
+ - The Git::I18N module provides a limited subset of the
+   Locale::Messages functionality, e.g.:
+
+       use Git::I18N;
+       print __("Welcome to Git!\n");
+       printf __("The following error occured: %s\n"), $error;
+
+   Run `perldoc perl/Git/I18N.pm` for more info.
+
+
+Testing marked strings
+----------------------
+
+Even if you've correctly marked porcelain strings for translation
+something in the test suite might still depend on the US English
+version of the strings, e.g. to grep some error message or other
+output.
+
+To smoke out issues like these Git can be compiled with gettext poison
+support, at the top-level:
+
+    make GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
+
+That'll give you a git which emits gibberish on every call to
+gettext. It's obviously not meant to be installed, but you should run
+the test suite with it:
+
+    cd t && prove -j 9 ./t[0-9]*.sh
+
+If tests break with it you should inspect them manually and see if
+what you're translating is sane, i.e. that you're not translating
+plumbing output.
+
+If not you should replace calls to grep with test_i18ngrep, or
+test_cmp calls with test_i18ncmp. If that's not enough you can skip
+the whole test by making it depend on the C_LOCALE_OUTPUT
+prerequisite. See existing test files with this prerequisite for
+examples.
diff --git a/po/TEAMS b/po/TEAMS
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b9e994
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/TEAMS
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+Core Git translation language teams
+(please keep the list sorted alphabetically on language field)
+
+Language:	da (Danish)
+Repository:	https://github.com/git-da/git-po/
+Leader:		Byrial Jensen <byrial@vip.cybercity.dk>
+
+Language:	de (German)
+Repository:	https://github.com/ralfth/git-po-de
+Leader:		Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@googlemail.com>
+Members:	Thomas Rast <trast@student.ethz.ch>
+		Jan Krüger <jk@jk.gs>
+		Christian Stimming <stimming@tuhh.de>
+
+Language:	is (Icelandic)
+Leader:		Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
+
+Language:	it (Italian)
+Repository:	https://github.com/quizzlo/git-po-it/
+Leader:		Marco Paolone <marcopaolone AT gmail.com>
+Members:	Stefano Lattarini <stefano.lattarini AT gmail.com>
+
+Language:	nl (Dutch)
+Repository:	https://github.com/vfr-nl/git-po/
+Leader:		Vincent van Ravesteijn <vfr@lyx.org>
+
+Language:	pt_PT (Portuguese - Portugal)
+Repository:	https://github.com/marcomsousa/git-l10n-pt_PT/
+Leader:		Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+
+Language:	sv (Swedish)
+Repository:	https://github.com/nafmo/git-l10n-sv/
+Leader:		Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+
+Language:	vi (Vietnamese)
+Repository:	https://github.com/vnwildman/git/
+Leader:		Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman AT gmail.com>
+Members:	Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds AT gmail.com>
+
+Language:	zh_CN (Simplified Chinese)
+Repository:	https://github.com/gotgit/git-po-zh_CN/
+Leader:		Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>
+Members:	Riku <lu.riku AT gmail.com>
+		Zhuang Ya <zhuangya AT me.com>
+		Lian Cheng <rhythm.mail AT gmail.com>
+		Yichao Yu <yyc1992 AT gmail.com>
+		ws3389 <willsmith3389 AT gmail.com>
+		Thynson <lanxingcan AT gmail.com>
diff --git a/po/da.po b/po/da.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..20a88ea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/da.po
@@ -0,0 +1,3503 @@
+# Danish translations for Git.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# Byrial Jensen <byrial@vip.cybercity.dk>, 2012.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-03-16 20:18+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-04-10 18:41+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Byrial Jensen <byrial@vip.cybercity.dk>\n"
+"Language-Team: Danish <dansk@dansk-gruppen.dk>\n"
+"Language: da\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:64
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:49
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:1336
+msgid " 0 files changed\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:1340
+#, c-format
+msgid " %d file changed"
+msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:1357
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:1368
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:3424
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1280
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1308
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1621
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:120 builtin/merge.c:864 builtin/merge.c:985
+#: builtin/merge.c:1095 builtin/merge.c:1105
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:122 builtin/merge.c:334 builtin/merge.c:867
+#: builtin/merge.c:1097 builtin/merge.c:1110
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:143
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:146
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:159 sequencer.c:685 sequencer.c:768
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:162
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:177
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:179
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:182
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:232
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:298
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:301
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:316
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:450 sequencer.c:909 builtin/log.c:288 builtin/log.c:713
+#: builtin/log.c:1329 builtin/log.c:1548 builtin/merge.c:348
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:453
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:466
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:578
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:591
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:595
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:602
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:633
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:666
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:667
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:687 sequencer.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:706 sequencer.c:840
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:708
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:710
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:736
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:742
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:927
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:928
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:134
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:140 wt-status.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:142 wt-status.c:159
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:143
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:151
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:169
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:175
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:176
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:178
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s files:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:207
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:214
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:216
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:217
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:218
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:248
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:713
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:720
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:731
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:745
+msgid "Untracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:747
+msgid "Ignored"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:751
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:757
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:761
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:763
+msgid " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:767
+msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:769 wt-status.c:772 wt-status.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:770
+msgid " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:773
+msgid " (use -u to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:776
+msgid " (working directory clean)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:884
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:890
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:905
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:908 wt-status.c:911
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:913
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:298
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:456 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:312
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:359
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:391
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:393
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:420 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:358 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:162
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:476 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:260
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is "remote " in "remote branch '%s' not found"
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+msgid "remote "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:171
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:177
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sbranch '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting %sbranch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:224
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:394
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:398
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:501
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:566
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:579
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:589
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:604
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:619
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:634
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:746
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751 builtin/clone.c:558
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:809
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:113 builtin/checkout.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:115 builtin/checkout.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:234 builtin/checkout.c:392
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:264 builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:302 builtin/checkout.c:498 builtin/clone.c:583
+#: builtin/merge.c:811
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:319 builtin/diff.c:302 builtin/merge.c:408
+msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:414
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:565
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:572
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:575
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:579
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:581
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:696
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:722
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:972
+msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:981
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:984
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:992
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1005
+msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007
+msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061
+msgid "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1069
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1088
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
+msgid "--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:75
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:549
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:639
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:643
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:673
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:706 builtin/clone.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:42
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:54
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:205 builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:208
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:325
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:367
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:373
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:406 builtin/commit.c:427 builtin/commit.c:473
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:457
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:466
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:486
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:550 builtin/commit.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:635
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:670 builtin/commit.c:703 builtin/commit.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:682 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:684
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:688
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:694
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:710
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:714
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:746
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:770
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:783
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a %s.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:796
+msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:799
+msgid ""
+" Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:804
+msgid ""
+" Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:880
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:895 builtin/tag.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:975
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:990 builtin/commit.c:1182
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1030
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1041
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are in the middle of a %s -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1045
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1055
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1063
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1080
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1082
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1084
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1086
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1096 builtin/tag.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1101
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1280
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1282
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1323
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1325
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1415
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1452 builtin/merge.c:509
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1485
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1514 builtin/merge.c:935 builtin/merge.c:968
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1535
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1550
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:297
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:200
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:258
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273 builtin/fetch.c:351
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:284
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:286 builtin/fetch.c:313 builtin/fetch.c:331
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:298
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:302
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:347
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:347
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:353
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:384 builtin/fetch.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:490
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:548
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:666
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:780
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:898
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:918
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:972
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:991
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:78
+msgid "Too many options specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:103
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:256
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:478 builtin/grep.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:902
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:943
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:966
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:971
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:974
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:982
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:322 builtin/init-db.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:440
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:521 builtin/init-db.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:578
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:395 builtin/log.c:483
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:507
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:596
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:669
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:680
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:694
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:702
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:739
+msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:785
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:952
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1173
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1218
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1220
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1225 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1228
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1230
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1232
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1255
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1257
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1410
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1530 builtin/log.c:1532 builtin/log.c:1544
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:91
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:246
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:270 builtin/merge.c:287
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:317
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:330
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:362
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:364
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:629
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:679
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:696
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:709
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:737
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:876
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:891
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:927
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1016
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1059
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1061
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1066
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1188
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1204 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1207 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1211
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1214
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1223
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1228
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1235
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1266
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1269
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1271
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1275 builtin/merge.c:1319
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1385
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1423
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1430
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1462
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1485 builtin/merge.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1555
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1564
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1575
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:145
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:189
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:210 builtin/notes.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:215
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:251 builtin/tag.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:253 builtin/tag.c:524
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:272 builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:447
+#: builtin/notes.c:507 builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/notes.c:644
+#: builtin/notes.c:649 builtin/notes.c:724 builtin/notes.c:766
+#: builtin/notes.c:968 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:299
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:500 builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/notes.c:627
+#: builtin/notes.c:639 builtin/notes.c:712 builtin/notes.c:759
+#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:585 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:635
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1103
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2310
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2314
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2322
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2326
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:44
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:63
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:111
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
+"Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the\n"
+"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:161
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:176
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:177
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:182
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:183
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:188
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:276
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:297
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:311
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:91
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:209
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:224
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:225
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:247
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:254
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:296
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:321
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:334
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:366
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:502
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:514
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:534
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:563
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:565
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:567
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:49
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:136
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:147
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:156
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:268
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:355
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:357
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:411
+msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:474
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:479
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:506
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:748
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:759
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:795
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:840
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:866
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:257
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:491
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:499
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:570
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:56
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:108
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:149
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$path' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:159
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:247
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:264
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:295
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:300
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:305
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:347
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:401
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:418
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:519
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:565
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:566
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:571
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:577
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:578
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600 git-submodule.sh:923
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:708
+msgid "--"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:766
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:769
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:772
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:969
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgstr ""
diff --git a/po/de.po b/po/de.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c8ad2f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/de.po
@@ -0,0 +1,9767 @@
+# German translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>, 2010, 2011, 2012.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.1\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-10-02 19:35+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ralf Thielow <ralf.thielow@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: German <>\n"
+"Language: de\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n!=1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Hinweis: %.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Korrigieren Sie dies im Arbeitsbaum,\n"
+"und benutzen Sie dann 'git add/rm <Datei>'\n"
+"um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren und einzutragen,\n"
+"oder benutzen Sie 'git commit -a'."
+
+#: archive.c:10
+msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [Optionen] <Versionsreferenz> [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:11
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <Projektarchiv> [--exec <Programm>] [Optionen] "
+"<Versionsreferenz> [Pfad...]"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <Projektarchiv> [--exec <Programm>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "Format"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "Ausgabeformat"
+
+#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "Prefix"
+
+#: archive.c:324
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "stellt einen Präfix vor jeden Pfadnamen in der Ausgabe"
+
+#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
+#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "Datei"
+
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "schreibt die Ausgabe in diese Datei"
+
+#: archive.c:328
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "liest .gitattributes aus dem Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: archive.c:329
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "gibt archivierte Dateien in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe aus"
+
+#: archive.c:330
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "nur speichern"
+
+#: archive.c:331
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "schneller komprimieren"
+
+#: archive.c:339
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "besser komprimieren"
+
+#: archive.c:342
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "listet unterstützte Ausgabeformate auf"
+
+#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv"
+
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "ruft das Archiv von externem Projektarchiv <Projektarchiv> ab"
+
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "Programm"
+
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "Pfad zum externen \"git-upload-archive\"-Programm"
+
+#: attr.c:259
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"Verneinende Muster sind in Git-Attributen verboten.\n"
+"Benutzen Sie '\\!' für führende Ausrufezeichen."
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' sieht nicht wie eine v2 Paketdatei aus"
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "nicht erkannter Kopfbereich: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "Dem Projektarchiv fehlen folgende vorausgesetzte Versionen:"
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
+#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "Einrichtung des Revisionsgangs fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Das Paket enthält %d Referenz"
+msgstr[1] "Das Paket enthält %d Referenzen"
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "Das Paket speichert eine komplette Historie."
+
+#: bundle.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Das Paket benötigt diese Referenz"
+msgstr[1] "Das Paket benötigt diese %d Referenzen"
+
+#: bundle.c:294
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "\"rev-list\" abgebrochen"
+
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes Argument: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:335
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "Referenz '%s' wird durch \"rev-list\" Optionen ausgeschlossen"
+
+#: bundle.c:380
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Erstellung eines leeren Pakets zurückgewiesen."
+
+#: bundle.c:398
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "Konnte Paketobjekte nicht erstellen"
+
+#: bundle.c:416
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "Erstellung der Paketobjekte abgebrochen"
+
+#: bundle.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: bundle.c:441
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "Erstellung der Paketindexdatei abgebrochen"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht parsen"
+
+#: commit.c:52
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s ist keine Version!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "Speicher verbraucht"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "Konnte 'git rev-list' nicht ausführen"
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben nach rev-list: %s"
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen von rev-list's Standard-Eingabe: %s"
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "in der Zukunft"
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Sekunde"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Sekunden"
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Minute"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Minuten"
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Stunde"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Stunden"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Tag"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Tagen"
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Woche"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Wochen"
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Monat"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Monaten"
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Jahr"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Jahren"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, und %lu Monat"
+msgstr[1] "%s, und %lu Monaten"
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] "vor %lu Jahr"
+msgstr[1] "vor %lu Jahren"
+
+#: diff.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  Fehler beim Parsen des abgeschnittenen \"dirstat\" Prozentsatzes '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Unbekannter \"dirstat\" Parameter '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Unbekannter Wert in Konfigurationsvariable 'diff.dirstat': '%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler in 'diff.dirstat' Konfigurationsvariable gefunden:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Parsen des --dirstat/-X Optionsparameters:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3508
+#,  c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler beim Parsen des --submodule Optionsparameters: '%s'"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "konnte gpg nicht ausführen"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr "gpg hat die Daten nicht akzeptiert"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg beim Signieren der Daten fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: grep.c:1622
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': konnte nicht lesen %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s': %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': read() zu kurz %s"
+
+#: help.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos in '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:219
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "Vorhandene Git-Kommandos irgendwo in Ihrem $PATH"
+
+#: help.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' scheint ein git-Kommando zu sein, konnte aber\n"
+"nicht ausgeführt werden. Vielleicht ist git-%s fehlerhaft?"
+
+#: help.c:332
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Uh oh. Keine Git-Kommandos auf Ihrem System vorhanden."
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"Warnung: Sie haben das nicht existierende Git-Kommando '%s' ausgeführt.\n"
+"Setze fort unter der Annahme, dass Sie '%s' gemeint haben"
+
+#: help.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr "automatisch in %0.1f Sekunden..."
+
+#: help.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: '%s' ist kein Git-Kommando. Siehe 'git --help'."
+
+#: help.c:370
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Haben Sie das gemeint?"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Haben Sie eines von diesen gemeint?"
+
+#: merge.c:56
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "Lesen des Zwischenspeichers fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
+#: builtin/clone.c:586
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(ungültige Version)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "addinfo_cache für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:268
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Bäume"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen des Pfades '%s'%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "Entferne %s um Platz für Unterverzeichnis zu schaffen\n"
+
+#. something else exists
+#. .. but not some other error (who really cares what?)
+#: merge-recursive.c:697 merge-recursive.c:718
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": vielleicht ein Verzeichnis/Datei-Konflikt?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:708
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "verweigere, da unbeobachtete Dateien in '%s' verloren gehen würden"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "kann Objekt %s '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "Blob erwartet für %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Öffnen von '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen einer symbolischen Verknüpfung für '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "weiß nicht was mit %06o %s '%s' zu machen ist"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:922
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Ausführung der internen Zusammenführung"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:926
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht zur Datenbank hinzufügen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:942
+msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+msgstr "nicht unterstützter Objekttyp im Baum"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1021 merge-recursive.c:1035
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s in %s. Stand %s von %s wurde "
+"im Arbeitsbereich gelassen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1027 merge-recursive.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/löschen): %s gelöscht in %s und %s in %s. Stand %s von %s wurde "
+"im Arbeitsbereich bei %s gelassen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "umbenennen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "umbenannt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s ist ein Verzeichnis in %s, füge es stattdessen als %s hinzu"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (umbenennen/umbenennen): Benenne um \"%s\"->\"%s\" in Zweig \"%s\" "
+"und \"%s\"->\"%s\" in Zweig \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1164
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (bleibt unaufgelöst)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (umbenennen/umbenennen): Benenne um %s->%s in %s. Benenne um %s->%s "
+"in %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1248
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "Benenne stattdessen %s nach %s und %s nach %s um"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1447
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (umbenennen/hinzufügen): Benenne um %s->%s in %s. %s hinzugefügt in "
+"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "Füge zusammengeführte Datei %s hinzu"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1462 merge-recursive.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Füge stattdessen als %s hinzu"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "kann Objekt %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "Objekt %s ist kein Blob"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "ändern"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "geändert"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1574
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "Inhalt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1581
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "hinzufügen/hinzufügen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "%s ausgelassen (Ergebnis der Zusammenführung existiert bereits)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "automatische Zusammenführung von %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1634
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "KONFLIKT (%s): Zusammenführungskonflikt in %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "Entferne %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1749
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "Datei/Verzeichnis"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1755
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis/Datei"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s): Es existiert bereits ein Verzeichnis %s in %s. Füge %s als %s "
+"hinzu."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1770
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Füge %s hinzu"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1787
+msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+msgstr "Fataler Fehler bei der Zusammenführung. Sollte nicht passieren."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1806
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr "Bereits aktuell!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1815
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "Zusammenführen der Bäume %s und %s fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+msgstr "unverarbeiteter Pfad??? %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1890
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "Zusammenführung:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1903
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "%u gemeinsamen Vorfahren gefunden"
+msgstr[1] "%u gemeinsame Vorfahren gefunden"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1940
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "Zusammenführung hat keine Version zurückgegeben"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1997
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht schreiben."
+
+#: parse-options.c:494
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "Verwendung: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "      oder: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: remote.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Ihr Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Version.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Ihr Zweig ist vor '%s' um %d Versionen.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1637
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git push\" um lokalen Versionen herauszubringen)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1640
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Ihr Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Version hinterher, und kann vorgespult werden.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Ihr Zweig ist zu '%s' um %d Versionen hinterher, und kann vorgespult "
+"werden.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1647
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\" um Ihren lokalen Zweig zu aktualisieren)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Ihr Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
+"und haben jeweils %d und %d unterschiedliche Versionen.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Ihr Zweig und '%s' sind divergiert,\n"
+"und haben jeweils %d und %d unterschiedliche Versionen.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1659
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git pull\" um Ihren Zweig mit dem externen zusammenzuführen)\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
+#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
+#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht nach '%s' schreiben."
+
+#: sequencer.c:146
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:149
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"nach Auflösung der Konflikte, markieren Sie die korrigierten Pfade\n"
+"mit 'git add <Pfade>' oder 'git rm <Pfade>'und tragen Sie das Ergebnis mit\n"
+"'git commit' ein"
+
+#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht nach %s schreiben"
+
+#: sequencer.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Nachbereitung von %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+"Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"cherry-pick\" überschrieben werden."
+
+#: sequencer.c:182
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr "Ihre lokalen Änderungen würden von \"revert\" überschrieben werden."
+
+#: sequencer.c:185
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "Tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein oder benutzen Sie \"stash\" um fortzufahren."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben"
+
+#: sequencer.c:266
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "Konnte Version der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht auflösen\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:287
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr "Konnte zwischengespeicherten Baum nicht aktualisieren\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Konnte Version %s nicht parsen\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Konnte Elternversion %s nicht parsen\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:403
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "Ihre Bereitstellungsdatei ist nicht zusammengeführt."
+
+#: sequencer.c:406
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "Sie haben keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+
+#: sequencer.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+"Version %s ist eine Zusammenführung, aber die Option -m wurde nicht "
+"angegeben."
+
+#: sequencer.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "Version %s hat keinen Elternteil %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Hauptlinie wurde spezifiziert, aber Version %s ist keine Zusammenführung."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: kann Elternversion %s nicht parsen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Kann keine Versionsbeschreibung für %s bekommen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht zurücksetzen... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht anwenden... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:565
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "leere Menge von Versionen übergeben"
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Lesen der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: sequencer.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: Fehler beim Aktualisieren der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: sequencer.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr "Kann %s nicht während eines %s durchführen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "Konnte Zeile %d nicht parsen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:663
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "Keine Versionen geparst."
+
+#: sequencer.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht öffnen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:680
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Unbenutzbares Instruktionsblatt: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Schlüssel: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Wert für %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Fehlerhaftes Optionsblatt: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:751
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" ist bereits im Gang"
+
+#: sequencer.c:752
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "versuchen Sie \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr "Konnte \"sequencer\"-Verzeichnis %s nicht erstellen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Einpacken von %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "kein \"cherry-pick\" oder \"revert\" im Gang"
+
+#: sequencer.c:793
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "kann Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht auflösen"
+
+#: sequencer.c:795
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "kann nicht abbrechen: bin auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird"
+
+#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "Kann %s nicht öffnen: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "Kann %s nicht lesen: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "Unerwartetes Dateiende"
+
+#: sequencer.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+"gespeicherte \"pre-cherry-pick\" Datei der Zweigspitze (HEAD) '%s' ist "
+"beschädigt"
+
+#: sequencer.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht formatieren."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1012
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "Kann nicht zu initialer Version zurücksetzen."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1013
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr "Kann \"cherry-pick\" nicht in einem leerem Kopf ausführen."
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) zeigt auf keinen Zweig"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein solcher Zweig '%s'"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein entferntes Projektarchiv für Zweig '%s' konfiguriert."
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Zweig '%s' des entfernten Projektarchivs ist kein gefolgter Übernahmezweig"
+
+#: wrapper.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgstr "konnte nicht auf '%s' zugreifen: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr "konnte aktuellen Benutzer nicht in Passwort-Datei finden: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:427
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr "kein solcher Benutzer"
+
+#: wt-status.c:140
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "Nicht zusammengeführte Pfade:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:167 wt-status.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git reset %s <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
+"Bereitstellung)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rm --cached <Datei>...\" zum Herausnehmen aus der "
+"Bereitstellung)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung entsprechend zu "
+"markieren)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" um die Auflösung zu markieren)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "zum Eintragen bereitgestellte Änderungen:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:206
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "Änderungen, die nicht zum Eintragen bereitgestellt sind:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git add/rm <Datei>...\" zum Bereitstellen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git checkout -- <Datei>...\" um die Änderungen im "
+"Arbeitsverzeichnis zu verwerfen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (tragen Sie ein oder verwerfen Sie den unbeobachteten oder geänderten Inhalt in den "
+"Unterprojekten)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git %s <Datei>...\" zum Einfügen in die Eintragung)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:244
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "Fehler"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "beide gelöscht:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "von uns hinzugefügt:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "von denen gelöscht:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "von denen hinzugefügt:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "von uns gelöscht:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "von beiden hinzugefügt:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "von beiden geändert:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "neue Versionen, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "geänderter Inhalt, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "unbeobachteter Inhalt, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "neue Datei:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "kopiert:     %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "gelöscht:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "geändert:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "umbenannt:    %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:318
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr "Typänderung: %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "unbekannt:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr "nicht zusammengeführt:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr "Fehler: unbehandelter Differenz-Status %c"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "Sie haben nicht zusammengeführte Pfade."
+
+#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr " (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr ""
+"Alle Konflikte sind behoben, aber Sie sind immer noch beim Zusammenführen."
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git commit\" um die Zusammenführung abzuschließen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:804
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Eine \"am\"-Sitzung ist im Gange."
+
+#: wt-status.c:807
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "Der aktuelle Patch ist leer."
+
+#: wt-status.c:811
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+msgstr "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git am --resolved\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:813
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr " (benutzen Sie \"git am --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:815
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git am --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Neuaufbau."
+
+#: wt-status.c:876
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (beheben Sie die Konflikte und führen Sie dann \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:878
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --skip\" um diesen Patch auszulassen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:880
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --abort\" um den ursprünglichen Zweig auszuchecken)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:886
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:888
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Sie teilen gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus auf."
+
+#: wt-status.c:891
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (Sobald Ihr Arbeitsverzeichnis sauber ist, führen Sie \"git rebase --continue"
+"\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:893
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Sie editieren gerade eine Version während eines Neuaufbaus."
+
+#: wt-status.c:896
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git commit --amend\" um die aktuelle Version nachzubessern)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:898
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" sobald Ihre Änderungen abgeschlossen "
+"sind)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
+msgstr "Sie führen gerade \"cherry-pick\" aus."
+
+#: wt-status.c:915
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (alle Konflikte behoben: führen Sie \"git commit\" aus)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:924
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Sie sind gerade beim Halbieren."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (benutzen Sie \"git bisect reset\" um zum ursprünglichen Zweig zurückzukehren)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "Auf Zweig "
+
+#: wt-status.c:985
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Im Moment auf keinem Zweig."
+
+#: wt-status.c:997
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Initiale Version"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1011
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "Unbeobachtete Dateien"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1013
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Ignorierte Dateien"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1015
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "Unbeobachtete Dateien nicht aufgelistet%s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1017
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (benutzen Sie die Option -u um unbeobachteten Dateien anzuzeigen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1023
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"keine Änderungen zum Eintragen hinzugefügt (benutzen Sie \"git add\" und/oder "
+"\"git commit -a\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "keine Änderungen zum Eintragen hinzugefügt\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1034
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"nichts zum Eintragen hinzugefügt, aber es gibt unbeobachtete Dateien "
+"(benutzen Sie \"git add\" zum Beobachten)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1037
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr "nichts zum Eintragen hinzugefügt, aber es gibt unbeobachtete Dateien\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"nichts einzutragen (Erstellen/Kopieren Sie Dateien und benutzen Sie \"git add\" "
+"zum Beobachten)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "nichts einzutragen\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"nichts einzutragen (benutzen Sie die Option -u, um unbeobachtete Dateien "
+"anzuzeigen)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1050
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgstr "nichts einzutragen, Arbeitsverzeichnis sauber\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1158
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (kein Zweig)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1164
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Initiale Version auf "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1179
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "hinterher "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "voraus "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1187
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ", hinterher "
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:19
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git add [Optionen] [--] [<Dateimuster>...]"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "unerwarteter Differenz-Status %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "Aktualisierung der Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "lösche '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' befindet sich in Unterprojekt '%.*s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+"Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen nach Aktualisierung der Bereitstellung:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "Pfadspezifikation '%s' stimmt mit keinen Dateien überein"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' ist über einem symbolischen Link"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Konnte die Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Schreiben öffnen."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Konnte Patch nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Leerer Patch. Abgebrochen."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht anwenden."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:313
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die folgenden Pfade werden durch eine Ihrer \".gitignore\" Dateien "
+"ignoriert:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "Probelauf"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
+#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:322
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "interaktives Auswählen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "interaktiv Bereiche auswählen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "aktuelle Unterschiede editieren und anwenden"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:325
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "erlaubt das Hinzufügen andernfalls ignorierter Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "aktualisiert beobachtete Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:327
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "speichert nur, dass der Pfad später hinzugefügt werden soll"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:328
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+"fügt Änderungen von allen beobachteten und unbeobachteten Dateien hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:329
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "fügt nichts hinzu, aktualisiert nur die Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:330
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr ""
+"überspringt Dateien, die aufgrund von Fehlern nicht hinzugefügt werden "
+"konnten"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:331
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "prüft ob - auch fehlende - Dateien im Probelauf ignoriert werden"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Verwenden Sie -f wenn Sie diese wirklich hinzufügen möchten.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "keine Dateien hinzugefügt"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:360
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "Hinzufügen von Dateien fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:392
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A und -u sind zueinander inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:394
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Option --ignore-missing kann nur zusammen mit --dry-run benutzt werden."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "Nichts spezifiziert, nichts hinzugefügt.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Wollten Sie vielleicht 'git add .' sagen?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:235
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "Bereitstellungsdatei beschädigt"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:57
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [Optionen] [<Patch>...]"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Option für Leerzeichen: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Option zum Ignorieren von Leerzeichen: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Kann regulären Ausdruck für Zeitstempel %s nicht verarbeiten"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:832
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "Ausführung des regulären Ausdrucks gab %d zurück. Eingabe: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "Konnte keinen Dateinamen in Zeile %d des Patches finden."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null, erhielt %s in Zeile "
+"%d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter neuer Dateiname in Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+"git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - Inkonsistenter alter Dateiname in Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:957
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: ungültiges 'git-diff' - erwartete /dev/null in Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: unerwartete Zeile: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "Patch-Fragment ohne Kopfbereich bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
+"%d vorangestellter Teil des Pfades entfernt wird (Zeile %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Dem Kopfbereich von \"git diff\" fehlen Informationen zum Dateinamen, wenn "
+"%d vorangestellte Teile des Pfades entfernt werden (Zeile %d)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "neue Datei hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "entfernte Datei hat noch Inhalte"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "neue Datei %s hängt von alten Inhalten ab"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "entfernte Datei %s hat noch Inhalte"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** Warnung: Datei %s wird leer, aber nicht entfernt."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d: %.*s"
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "nicht erkannter Binär-Patch bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "Patch mit nutzlosen Informationen bei Zeile %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "konnte symbolische Verknüpfung %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht öffnen oder lesen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2149
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr "Ups"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Zeilenanfang: '%c'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeile versetzt)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Patch-Bereich #%d erfolgreich angewendet bei %d (%d Zeilen versetzt)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Kontext reduziert zu (%ld/%ld) um Patch-Bereich bei %d anzuwenden"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"bei der Suche nach:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "keine Daten in Binär-Patch für '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Binär-Patch nicht auf '%s' anwenden"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"Binär-Patch für '%s' erzeugt falsches Ergebnis (erwartete %s, bekam %s)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen: %s:%ld"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht auschecken"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "Pfad %s wurde umbenannt/gelöscht"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s ist nicht bereitgestellt"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s entspricht nicht der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "Lösch-Patch hinterlässt Dateiinhalte"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: falscher Typ"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s ist vom Typ %o, erwartete %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s ist bereits bereitgestellt"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s existiert bereits im Arbeitsverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "neuer Modus (%o) von %s entspricht nicht dem alten Modus (%o) von %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: Patch konnte nicht angewendet werden"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Prüfe Patch %s..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry für Pfad '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht aus der Bereitstellung entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Patch für Unterprojekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte neu erstellte Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "kann internen Speicher für eben erstellte Datei %s nicht erzeugen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "kann für %s keinen Eintrag in den Zwischenspeicher hinzufügen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "schließe Datei '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' mit Modus %o nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch %s sauber angewendet"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "interner Fehler"
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisung an..."
+msgstr[1] "Wende Patch %%s mit %d Zurückweisungen an..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "Verkürze Name von .rej Datei zu %.*s.rej"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d sauber angewendet."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Patch-Bereich #%d zurückgewiesen."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsdatei nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/fetch.c:63
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "Pfad"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "wendet keine Änderungen im angegebenen Pfad an"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "wendet Änderungen nur im angegebenen Pfad an"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "Anzahl"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+"entfernt <Anzahl> vorangestellte Schrägstriche von herkömmlichen "
+"Differenzpfaden"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignoriert hinzugefügte Zeilen des Patches"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, wird der \"diffstat\" für die Eingabe "
+"ausgegeben"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt die Anzahl von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen in Dezimalnotation"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, wird eine Zusammenfassung für die Eingabe "
+"ausgegeben"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr ""
+"anstatt der Anwendung des Patches, zeige ob Patch angewendet werden kann"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr ""
+"stellt sicher, dass der Patch in der aktuellen Bereitstellung angewendet "
+"werden kann"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "wendet einen Patch an, ohne Änderungen im Arbeitszweig vorzunehmen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "wendet den Patch an (Benutzung mit --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+"versucht 3-Wege-Zusammenführung, wenn der Patch nicht angewendet werden "
+"konnte"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"erstellt eine temporäre Bereitstellung basierend auf den integrierten "
+"Bereitstellungsinformationen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "Pfade sind getrennt durch NUL Zeichen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "stellt sicher, dass mindestens <n> Zeilen des Kontextes übereinstimmen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "Aktion"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "ermittelt neue oder geänderte Zeilen die Fehler in Leerzeichen haben"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignoriert Änderungen in Leerzeichen bei der Suche des Kontextes"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "wendet den Patch in umgekehrter Reihenfolge an"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "erwartet keinen Kontext"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr ""
+"hinterlässt zurückgewiesene Patch-Bereiche in den entsprechenden *.rej "
+"Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "erlaubt sich überlappende Patch-Bereiche"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "toleriert fehlerhaft erkannten fehlenden Zeilenumbruch am Dateiende"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "vertraut nicht den Zeilennummern im Kopf des Patch-Bereiches"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "Wurzelverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "stellt <Wurzelverzeichnis> vor alle Dateinamen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached außerhalb eines Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "kann Patch '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "unterdrückte %d Fehler in Leerzeichen"
+msgstr[1] "unterdrückte %d Fehler in Leerzeichen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d Zeile fügt Fehler in Leerzeichen hinzu."
+msgstr[1] "%d Zeilen fügen Fehler in Leerzeichen hinzu."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Archiv-Datei '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "Konnte Ausgabe nicht umleiten."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: Externes Archiv ohne URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive: habe ACK/NAK erwartet, aber EOF bekommen"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler am anderen Ende: %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: Protokollfehler"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: erwartete eine Spülung (flush)"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "führt 'git bisect next' aus"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "aktualisiert BISECT_HEAD, anstatt die aktuelle Version auszuchecken"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:25
+msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+msgstr "git blame [Optionen] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] Datei"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "[rev-opts] sind dokumentiert in git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "Zeigt \"blame\"-Einträge schrittweise, während wir sie generieren"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Zeigt leere SHA-1 für Grenzversionen (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Behandelt Ursprungsversionen nicht als Grenzen (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Zeigt Statistiken zum Arbeitsaufwand"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Zeigt Ausgabebewertung für \"blame\"-Einträge"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Zeigt ursprünglichen Dateinamen (Standard: auto)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Zeigt ursprüngliche Zeilennummer (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Anzeige in einem Format für maschinelle Auswertung"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr ""
+"Anzeige in Format für Fremdprogramme mit Versionsinformationen pro Zeile"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Benutzt den gleichen Ausgabemodus wie \"git-annotate\" (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Zeigt unbearbeiteten Zeitstempel (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Zeigt langen Versions-SHA1 (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Unterdrückt den Namen des Autors und den Zeitstempel (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Zeigt anstatt des Namens die Email-Adresse des Autors (Standard: aus)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Ignoriert Unterschiede in Leerzeichen"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "arbeite länger, um bessere Übereinstimmungen zu finden"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "Benutzt Revisionen von <Datei> anstatt \"git-rev-list\" aufzurufen"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "Benutzt Inhalte der <Datei>en als entgültiges Abbild"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "Bewertung"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "Findet kopierte Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "Findet verschobene Zeilen innerhalb oder zwischen Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Verarbeitet nur Zeilen im Bereich n,m, gezählt von 1"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:23
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
+msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-l] [-f] <Zweigname> [<Startpunkt>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+msgstr "git branch [Optionen] [-r] (-d | -D) <Zweigname>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+msgstr "git branch [Optionen] (-m | -M) [<alterZweig>] <neuerZweig>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"entferne Zweig '%s', der zusammengeführt wurde mit\n"
+"         '%s', aber noch nicht mit der Zweigspitze (HEAD) zusammengeführt "
+"wurde."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"entferne Zweig '%s' nicht, der noch nicht zusammengeführt wurde mit\n"
+"         '%s', obwohl er mit der Zweigspitze (HEAD) zusammengeführt wurde."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Versionsobjekt für '%s' nicht nachschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Der Zweig '%s' ist nicht vollständig zusammengeführt.\n"
+"Wenn Sie sicher sind diesen Zweig zu entfernen, führen Sie 'git branch -D %s' aus."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:208
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "kann -a nicht mit -d benutzen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte Versionsobjekt für Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht nachschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Zweig '%s' nicht entfernen, da Sie sich gerade auf diesem befinden."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "externer Zweig '%s' nicht gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' nicht gefunden."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des externen Zweiges '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Entfernen des Zweiges '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Externer Zweig %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Zweig %s entfernt (war %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' zeigt auf keine Version"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: %d hinterher]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%d hinterher]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: %d voraus]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%d voraus]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: %d voraus, %d hinterher]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%d voraus, %d hinterher]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:560
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(kein Zweig)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr "Konnte einige Referenzen nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann aktuellen Zweig nicht umbenennen, solange Sie sich auf keinem befinden."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Zweig-Name: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:663
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Umbenennung des Zweiges fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "falsch benannten Zweig '%s' umbenannt"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "Zweig umbenannt zu %s, aber Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist nicht aktualisiert!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"Zweig ist umbenannt, aber die Aktualisierung der Konfigurationsdatei ist "
+"fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "Missgebildeter Objektname %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Beschreibungsvorlage für Zweig nicht schreiben: %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:747
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:749
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "Zeigt Hash und Betreff; -vv: zusätzlich externen Übernahmezweig"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:750
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Informationsmeldungen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "stellt den Übernahmemodus ein (siehe git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:753
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr "ändert Informationen zum externen Übernahmezweig"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "verwendet farbliche Ausgaben"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:758
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "wirkt auf externe Übernahmezweige"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "Version"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, welche diese Version beinhalten"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:774
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "spezifische Aktionen für \"git-branch\":"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:775
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "listet externe Übernahmezweige und lokale Zweige auf"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:777
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "entfernt vollständig zusammengeführten Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:778
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "löscht Zweig (auch wenn nicht zusammengeführt)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:779
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "verschiebt/benennt einen Zweig und dessen Referenzprotokoll um"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:780
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+"verschiebt/benennt einen Zweig um, auch wenn das Ziel bereits existiert"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:781
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "listet Zweignamen auf"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:782
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "erzeugt das Referenzprotokoll des Zweiges"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:784
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "bearbeitet die Beschreibung für den Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
+msgstr "erzeuge auch, wenn der Zweig bereits existiert"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "print only not merged branches"
+msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, die nicht zusammengeführt sind"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
+msgid "print only merged branches"
+msgstr "gibt nur Zweige aus, die zusammengeführt sind"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "listet Zweige in Spalten auf"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:811
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Konnte Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) wurde nicht unter \"refs/heads\" gefunden!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:836
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column und --verbose sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' existiert nicht"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "Zweig '%s' hat keinen externen Übernahmezweig gesetzt"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:914
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen -a und -r bei 'git branch' machen mit einem Zweignamen keinen "
+"Sinn."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die --set-upstream Option ist veraltet und wird entfernt. Benutzen Sie "
+"--track oder --set-upstream-to\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Wenn Sie wollten, dass '%s' den Zweig '%s' als externen Übernahmezweig hat, "
+"führen Sie aus:\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s ist in Ordnung\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "Um ein Paket zu erstellen wird ein Projektarchiv benötigt."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "Zum Entpacken wird ein Projektarchiv benötigt."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<Art>|--textconv) <Objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <Liste_von_Objekten>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<Art> kann sein: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "zeigt Objektart"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "zeigt Objektgröße"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "beendet mit Rückgabewert 0, wenn kein Fehler aufgetreten ist"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "ansprechende Anzeige des Objektinhaltes"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "führt eine Textkonvertierung auf den Inhalt von Blob-Objekten aus"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+"Anzeige von Informationen und Inhalt von Objekten, gelesen von der Standard-"
+"Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+"Anzeige von Informationen über Objekte, gelesen von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | Attribut...] [--] Pfadname..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | Attribut...] < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "gibt alle Attribute einer Datei aus"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "verwendet .gitattributes nur von der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "liest Dateinamen von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
+msgstr "Eingabepfade sind durch ein NUL Zeichen abgeschlossen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
+msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "checkt alle Dateien in der Bereitstellung aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "erzwingt das Überschreiben bereits existierender Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr ""
+"keine Warnung für existierende Dateien, und Dateien, die sich nicht in der "
+"Bereitstellung befinden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "checkt keine neuen Dateien aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "aktualisiert Dateiinformationen in der Bereitstellungsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "liest eine Liste von Pfaden von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "schreibt den Inhalt in temporäre Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "Zeichenkette"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr ""
+"wenn Dateien erzeugt werden, stelle <Zeichenkette> dem Dateinamen voran"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "kopiert Dateien von dem benannten Stand"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:25
+msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] <Zweig>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:26
+msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [Optionen] [Zweig>] -- <Datei>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht unsere Version."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht deren Version."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht alle notwendigen Versionen."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' hat nicht die notwendigen Versionen."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s': kann nicht zusammenführen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Ergebnis der Zusammenführung von '%s' nicht hinzufügen."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
+#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit Pfaden benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr "Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Zweig '%s' wechseln"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "beschädigte Bereitstellungsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "Pfad '%s' ist nicht zusammengeführt."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst Ihre aktuelle Bereitstellung auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Konnte \"reflog\" für '%s' nicht durchführen\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist jetzt bei"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Setze Zweig '%s' zurück\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Bereits auf '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Gewechselt zu zurückgesetztem Zweig '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Gewechselt zu einem neuen Zweig '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Gewechselt zu Zweig '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... und %d weitere.\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Warnung: Sie sind um %d Version hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
+"einem Ihrer Zweige:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Warnung: Sie sind um %d Versionen hinterher, nicht verbunden zu\n"
+"einem Ihrer Zweige:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn Sie diese durch einen neuen Zweig behalten möchten, dann könnte jetzt\n"
+"ein guter Zeitpunkt sein dies zu tun mit:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch neuer_zweig_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "interner Fehler im Revisionsgang"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "Vorherige Position der Zweigspitze (HEAD) war"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "Sie sind auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird"
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Referenz: %s"
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "Referenz ist kein Baum: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "Pfade können nicht mit dem Wechseln von Zweigen benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit dem Wechseln von Zweigen benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "'%s' kann nicht mit '%s' benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann Zweig nicht zu Nicht-Version '%s' wechseln"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "erzeugt und checkt einen neuen Zweig aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "erzeugt/setzt neu und checkt einen Zweig aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "erzeugt Referenzprotokoll für den neuen Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "setzt die Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu benannter Version"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "setzt Informationen zum externen Übernahmezweig für den neuen Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new branch"
+msgstr "neuer Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "neuer Zweig ohne Elternversion"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "checkt unsere Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "checkt ihre Variante für nicht zusammengeführte Dateien aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "erzwingt Auschecken (verwirft lokale Änderungen)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "führt eine 3-Wege-Zusammenführung mit dem neuen Zweig aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "aktualisiert ignorierte Dateien (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "Stil"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "Konfliktstil (merge oder diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+msgstr "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B und --orphan schliessen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track benötigt einen Zweignamen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Vermisse Zweignamen; versuchen Sie -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "ungültige Pfadspezifikation"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann nicht gleichzeitig Pfade aktualisieren und zu Zweig '%s' wechseln.\n"
+"Haben Sie beabsichtigt '%s' auszuchecken, welcher nicht als Version aufgelöst "
+"werden kann?"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach nimmt kein Pfad-Argument '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force und --merge sind inkompatibel wenn\n"
+"Sie aus der Bereitstellung auschecken."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:19
+msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <Muster>] [-x | -X] [--] <Pfade>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:51
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "gibt keine Namen von gelöschten Dateien aus"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:53
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "erzwingt Aktion"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:55
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "löscht ganze Verzeichnisse"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "Muster"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:57
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "fügt <Muster> zu den Regeln für ignorierte Pfade hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:58
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "löscht auch ignorierte Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:60
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "löscht nur ignorierte Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x und -X können nicht zusammen benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -n noch -f gegeben; "
+"Säuberung verweigert"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce standardmäßig auf \"true\" gesetzt und weder -n noch -f "
+"gegeben; Säuberung verweigert"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Würde %s löschen\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Lösche %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Löschen von %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Würde '%s' nicht löschen\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Entferne nicht %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:36
+msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [Optionen] [--] <Projektarchiv> [<Verzeichnis>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
+#: builtin/push.c:399
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "erzwingt Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:66
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "kein Auschecken"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "erstellt ein bloßes Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:72
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "erstellt ein Spiegelarchiv (impliziert bloßes Projektarchiv)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:74
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "um von einem lokalen Projektarchiv zu klonen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:76
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "benutzt lokal keine harten Links, immer Kopien"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:78
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "Einrichtung als verteiltes Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "initialisiert Unterprojekte im Klon"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "Vorlagenverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis, von welchem die Vorlagen verwendet werden"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:86
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "referenziert Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "Name"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "benutzt <Name> statt 'origin' für externes Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"checkt <Zweig> aus, anstatt Zweigspitze (HEAD) des externen Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "Pfad zu \"git-upload-pack\" auf der Gegenseite"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "Tiefe"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "erstellt einen flachen Klon mit dieser Tiefe"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "klont nur einen Zweig, Zweigspitze (HEAD) oder --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr ".git-Verzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "separiert Git-Verzeichnis vom Arbeitsbaum"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:99
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "Schlüssel=Wert"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "setzt Konfiguration innerhalb des neuen Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr "Referenziertes Projektarchiv '%s' ist kein lokales Verzeichnis."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen von Verzeichnis '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s existiert und ist kein Verzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht lesen\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verknüpfung '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Datei nicht nach '%s' kopieren"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "Fertig.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "Konnte zu klonenden externer Zweig %s nicht finden."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:552
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Externe Zweigspitze (HEAD) bezieht sich auf eine nicht existierende Referenz "
+"und kann nicht ausgecheckt werden.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:690
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Zu viele Argumente."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:694
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Sie müssen ein Projektarchiv zum Klonen angeben."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare und --origin %s Optionen sind inkompatibel."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv '%s' existiert nicht."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:724
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth wird in lokalen Klonen ignoriert; benutzen Sie stattdessen file://."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "Zielpfad '%s' existiert bereits und ist kein leeres Verzeichnis."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "Arbeitsbaum '%s' existiert bereits."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte führende Verzeichnisse von '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr "Konnte Arbeitsverzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klone in bloßes Projektarchiv '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klone nach '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "Weiß nicht wie %s zu klonen ist."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "externer Zweig %s nicht im anderen Projektarchiv %s gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:879
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Sie scheinen ein leeres Projektarchiv geklont zu haben."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [options]"
+msgstr "git column [Optionen]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "schlägt Konfigurationsvariablen nach"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "zu verwendende Anordnung"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "maximale Breite"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Abstand zum linken Rand"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Abstand zur rechten Rand"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Abstand zwischen Spalten"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "Option --command muss zuerst angegeben werden"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:34
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git commit [Optionen] [--] <Dateimuster>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git status [Optionen] [--] <Dateimuster>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ihr Name und E-Mail Adresse wurden automatisch auf Basis\n"
+"Ihres Benutzer- und Rechnernamens konfiguriert. Bitte prüfen Sie, dass\n"
+"diese zutreffend sind. Sie können diese Meldung unterdrücken, indem Sie\n"
+"diese explizit setzen:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Ihr Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email ihre@emailadresse.de\n"
+"\n"
+"Nachdem Sie das getan hast, können Sie Ihre Identität für diese Version "
+"ändern mit:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:56
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie fragten die jüngste Version nachzubessern, aber das würde diese leer\n"
+"machen. Sie können Ihr Kommando mit --allow-empty wiederholen, oder die\n"
+"Version mit \"git reset HEAD^\" vollständig entfernen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Der letzte \"cherry-pick\" ist jetzt leer, möglicherweise durch eine "
+"Konfliktauflösung.\n"
+"Wenn Sie dies trotzdem eintragen wollen, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Andernfalls benutzen Sie bitte 'git reset'\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:258
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Entpacken des Baum-Objektes der Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:300
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "Konnte temporäre Bereitstellung nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:306
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "Konnte new_index Datei nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:391
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann keine partielle Eintragung durchführen, während eine Zusammenführung im "
+"Gange ist."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann keine partielle Eintragung durchführen, während \"cherry-pick\" im "
+"Gange ist."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:403
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "Kann Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:423
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "Konnte temporäre Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Version: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:540
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafter --author Parameter"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehlerhafte Identifikations-String: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Version %s nicht nachschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(lese Log-Nachricht von Standard-Eingabe)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:612
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "Konnte Log nicht von Standard-Eingabe lesen."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Log-Datei '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:622
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "Version hat eine leere Beschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MSG nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:642
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Konnte SQUASH_MSG nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:707
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "Konnte Versionsvorlage nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Es sieht so aus, als tragen Sie eine Zusammenführung ein.\n"
+"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, löschen Sie bitte die Datei\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Es sieht so aus, als tragen Sie ein \"cherry-pick\" ein.\n"
+"Falls das nicht korrekt ist, löschen Sie bitte die Datei\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"und versuchen Sie es erneut.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:735
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung für Ihre Änderungen ein. Zeilen,\n"
+"die mit '#' beginnen, werden ignoriert, und eine leere Versionsbeschreibung\n"
+"bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:740
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung für Ihre Änderungen ein. Zeilen, die\n"
+"mit '#' beginnen, werden beibehalten; wenn Sie möchten, können Sie diese "
+"entfernen.\n"
+"Eine leere Versionsbeschreibung bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%sAutor:    %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%sEintragender: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:780
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "Kann Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:817
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erzeugen der Zweige"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Bitte liefere eine Beschreibung entweder mit der Option -m oder -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein existierender Autor mit '%s' gefunden."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Modus '%s' für unbeobachtete Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:984
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "Verwendung von --reset-author und --author macht keinen Sinn."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "Sie haben nichts zum nachbessern."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:998
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Eine Zusammenführung ist im Gange -- kann nicht nachbessern."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" ist im Gange -- kann nicht nachbessern."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen --squash und --fixup können nicht gemeinsam benutzt werden."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Nur eines von -c/-C/-F/--fixup kann benutzt werden."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "Option -m kann nicht mit -c/-C/-F/--fixup kombiniert werden"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset--author kann nur mit -C, -c oder --amend benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"Nur eines von --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch kann benutzt "
+"werden."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "--include/--only machen ohne Pfade keinen Sinn."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+"Klug... die letzte Version mit einer unsauberen Bereitstellung nachbessern."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+"Explizite Pfade ohne -i oder -o angegeben; unter der Annahme von --only "
+"Pfaden..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger \"cleanup\" Modus %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "Pfade mit -a machen keinen Sinn."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long und -z sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "zeigt Status im Kurzformat"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "zeigt Zweiginformationen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "maschinenlesbare Ausgabe"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "zeigt Status im Langformat (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "schließt Einträge mit NUL-Zeichen ab"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "Modus"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt nicht beobachtete Dateien, optionale Modi: all, normal, no. (Standard: "
+"all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr "zeigt ignorierte Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "wann"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"ignoriert Änderungen in Unterprojekten, optional wenn: all, dirty, "
+"untracked. (Standard: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "listet unbeobachtete Dateien in Spalten auf"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "Konnte neu erstellte Version nicht nachschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "Konnte neulich erstellte Version nicht analysieren."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "losgelöste Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (Basis-Version)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Zusammenfassung nach erfolgreicher Eintragung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "zeigt Unterschiede in Versionsbeschreibungsvorlage an"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Optionen für Versionsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "liest Beschreibung von Datei"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "Autor"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "überschreibt Autor von Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "Datum"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "überschreibt Datum von Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
+#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "Beschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "Versionsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "verwendet wieder und editiert Beschreibung von der angegebenen Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "verwendet Beschreibung der angegebenen Version wieder"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"benutzt eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Nachbessern der "
+"angegebenen Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"benutzt eine automatisch zusammengesetzte Beschreibung zum Zusammenführen "
+"der angegebenen Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "Setzt Sie als Autor der Version (benutzt mit -C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "fügt 'Signed-off-by:'-Zeile hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "benutzt angegebene Vorlagendatei"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "erzwingt Bearbeitung der Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "Standard"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr ""
+"wie Leerzeichen und #Kommentare von der Beschreibung getrennt werden sollen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "fügt Status in die Versionsbeschreibungsvorlage ein"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+msgid "key id"
+msgstr "Schlüssel-ID"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "signiert Version mit GPG"
+
+#. end commit message options
+#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Optionen für Versionsinhalt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "trägt alle geänderten Dateien ein"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "trägt die angegebenen Dateien zusätzlich zur Bereitstellung ein"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "interaktives Hinzufügen von Änderungen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "trägt nur die angegebenen Dateien ein"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+msgstr "umgeht \"pre-commit hook\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "zeigt an, was eingetragen werden würde"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "ändert vorherige Version"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "umgeht \"post-rewrite hook\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "erlaubt Aufzeichnung einer leeren Änderung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "erlaubt Aufzeichnung einer Änderung mit einer leeren Beschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "Konnte Version der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht analysieren."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht zum Lesen öffnen."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "Beschädigte MERGE_HEAD-Datei (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "Konnte MERGE_MODE nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Versionsbeschreibung nicht lesen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Eintragung abgebrochen; Sie haben die Beschreibung nicht editiert.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Eintragung aufgrund leerer Versionsbeschreibung abgebrochen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schreiben des Versionsobjektes."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr "Kann Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht sperren."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr "Kann Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht aktualisieren."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Das Projektarchiv wurde aktualisiert, aber die \"new_index\"-Datei\n"
+"konnte nicht geschrieben werden. Prüfen Sie, dass Ihre Festplatte nicht\n"
+"voll und Ihr Kontingent nicht aufgebraucht ist und führen Sie\n"
+"anschließend \"git reset HEAD\" zu Wiederherstellung aus."
+
+#: builtin/config.c:7
+msgid "git config [options]"
+msgstr "git config [Optionen]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:51
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Ort der Konfigurationsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:52
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "benutzt globale Konfigurationsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:53
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "benutzt systemweite Konfigurationsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:54
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "benutzt Konfigurationsdatei des Projektarchivs"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "benutzt die angegebene Konfigurationsdatei"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Aktion"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "gibt Wert zurück: Name [Wert-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "gibt alle Werte zurück: Schlüssel [Wert-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "gibt Werte für den regulären Ausdruck zurück: Name-regex [Wert-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr "ersetzt alle passenden Variablen: Name Wert [Wert-regex] "
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "fügt neue Variable hinzu: Name Wert"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "entfernt eine Variable: Name [Wert-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "entfernt alle Übereinstimmungen: Name [Wert-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "benennt eine Sektion um: alter-Name neuer-Name"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "entfernt eine Sektion: Name"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "listet alles auf"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "öffnet einen Editor"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68 builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "slot"
+msgstr "Slot"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
+msgstr "findet die konfigurierte Farbe: [Standard]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "findet die Farbeinstellung: [Standard-Ausgabe-ist-Terminal]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Typ"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "Wert ist \"true\" oder \"false\""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "Wert ist eine Dezimalzahl"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "Wert ist --bool oder --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "Wert ist ein Pfad (Datei oder Verzeichnisname)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Sonstiges"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "schließt Werte mit NUL-Byte ab"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "beachtet \"include\"-Direktiven beim Nachschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
+msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:15
+msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
+msgstr "git describe [Optionen] <committish>*"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:16
+msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [Optionen] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "annotierte Markierung %s ist nicht verfügbar"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "annotierte Markierung %s hat keinen eingebetteten Namen"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "Markierung '%s' ist eigentlich '%s' hier"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "%s ist kein gültiger Objekt-Name"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr "%s ist kein gültiges '%s' Objekt"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "kein Markierung entspricht exakt '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr "suche zur Beschreibung von %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "beendete Suche bei %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine annotierten Markierungen können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
+"Jedoch gab es nicht annotierte Markierungen: versuchen Sie --tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Markierungen können '%s' beschreiben.\n"
+"Versuchen Sie --always oder erstellen Sie einige Markierungen."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "%lu Versionen durchlaufen\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"mehr als %i Markierungen gefunden; Führe die ersten %i auf\n"
+"Suche bei %s aufgegeben\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "findet die Markierung, die nach der Version kommt"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "protokolliert die Suchstrategie in der Standard-Fehlerausgabe"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+msgstr "benutzt jede Referenz in .git/refs"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
+msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+msgstr "benutzt alle Markierungen in .git/refs/tags"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:407
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "benutzt immer langes Format"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:410
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "gibt nur exakte Übereinstimmungen aus"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:412
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "betrachtet die jüngsten <n> Markierungen (Standard: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:414
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "betrachtet nur Markierungen die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "zeigt gekürztes Versionsobjekt, wenn sonst nichts zutrifft"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "Kennzeichen"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:418
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr ""
+"fügt <Kennzeichen> bei geändertem Arbeitsbaum hinzu (Standard: \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long ist inkompatibel mit --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "Keine Namen gefunden, kann nichts beschreiben."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr "--dirty ist inkompatibel mit Versionen"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "'%s': keine reguläre Datei oder symbolischer Link"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültige Option: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:305
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "Kein Git-Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "Objekt '%s' ist ungültig."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr "Mehr als %d Zweige angegeben: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "Mehr als zwei Blobs angegeben: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "unbehandeltes Objekt '%s' angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:22
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "zeigt Fortschritt nach <n> Objekten an"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "wählt Behandlung von signierten Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "wählt Behandlung von Markierungen, die gefilterte Objekte markieren"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Schreibt Kennzeichen in diese Datei"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "Importiert Kennzeichen von dieser Datei"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr ""
+"erzeugt künstlich einen Markierungsersteller, wenn die Markierung keinen hat"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "gibt für jede Version den gesamten Baum aus"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "Benutzt die \"done\"-Funktion um den Strom abzuschließen"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Überspringt Ausgabe von Blob-Daten"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<Optionen>] [<Projektarchiv> [<Referenzspezifikation>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<Optionen>] <Gruppe>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<Optionen>] [(<Projektarchiv> | <Gruppe>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:60
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "fordert von allen externen Projektarchiven an"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:62
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "hängt an .git/FETCH_HEAD an, anstatt zu überschreiben"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:64
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "Pfad des Programms zum Hochladen von Paketen auf der Gegenseite"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:65
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "erzwingt das Überschreiben von lokalen Zweigen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:67
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "fordert von mehreren externen Projektarchiven an"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:69
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "fordert alle Markierungen und verbundene Objekte an"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:71
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "fordert nicht alle Markierungen an (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:73
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr ""
+"entfernt externe Übernahmezweige, die sich nicht mehr im Fernarchiv befinden"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:74
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "bei-Bedarf"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:75
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "kontrolliert rekursive Anforderungen von Unterprojekten"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:79
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "behält heruntergeladenes Paket"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:81
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "erlaubt Aktualisierung der \"HEAD\"-Referenz"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:84
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "vertieft die Historie eines flachen Klon"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "Verzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "stellt dies an die Ausgabe der Unterprojekt-Pfade voran"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr "Standard-Modus für Rekursion"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "Konnte externe Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht finden."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "Objekt %s nicht gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[aktuell]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kann nicht im aktuellen Zweig anfordern)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[zurückgewiesen]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[Markierungsaktualisierung]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr "  (kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[neue Markierung]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[neuer Zweig]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[neue Referenz]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "kann lokale Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "Aktualisierung erzwungen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr "(kein Vorspulen)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht öffnen: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s hat nicht alle erforderlichen Objekte gesendet\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Von %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"Einige lokale Referenzen konnten nicht aktualisiert werden; versuchen Sie\n"
+"'git remote prune %s' um jeden älteren, widersprüchlichen Zweig zu löschen."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s wird unreferenziert)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s wurde unreferenziert)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[gelöscht]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(nichts)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+"Das Anfordern in den aktuellen Zweig %s von einem nicht-bloßen Projektarchiv "
+"wurde verweigert."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr "Weiß nicht wie von %s angefordert wird."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "Option \"%s\" Wert \"%s\" ist nicht gültig für %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "Option \"%s\" wird ignoriert für %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Fordere an von %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht von %s anfordern"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Kein externes Projektarchiv angegeben. Bitte geben Sie entweder eine URL\n"
+"oder den Namen des externen Archivs an, von welchem neue\n"
+"Versionen angefordert werden sollen."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Sie müssen den Namen der Markierung angeben."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all akzeptiert kein Projektarchiv als Argument"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all macht keinen Sinn mit Referenzspezifikationen"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "Kein externes Archiv (einzeln oder Gruppe): %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+"Abholen einer Gruppe mit Angabe von Referenzspezifikationen macht keinen "
+"Sinn."
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
+msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <Beschreibung>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <Datei>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "Anzahl"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "fügt Historie mit höchstens <n> Einträgen von \"shortlog\" hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "Alias für --log (veraltet)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "Text"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "benutzt <Text> als Beschreibungsanfang"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "Datei zum Einlesen"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
+msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [Optionen] [<Muster>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "formatiert Platzhalter als Shell-String"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "formatiert Platzhalter als Perl-String"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "formatiert Platzhalter als Python-String"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+msgstr "formatiert Platzhalter als TCL-String"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "zeigt nur <n> passende Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "Format"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "für die Ausgabe zu verwendendes Format"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "Schüssel"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "sortiere nach diesem Feld"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:608
+msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [Optionen] [<Objekt>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "zeigt unerreichbare Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "zeigt unreferenzierte Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "meldet Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:617
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "meldet Hauptwurzeln"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "erzeugt Kopfknoten der Bereitstellungsobjekte"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:619
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "erzeugt Kopfknoten des Referenzprotokolls (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:620
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:621
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "aktiviert genauere Prüfung"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:623
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "schreibt unreferenzierte Objekte nach .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "zeigt Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:22
+msgid "git gc [options]"
+msgstr "git gc [Optionen]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger %s: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr "zu langes Objekt-Verzeichnis %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:179
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "entfernt unreferenzierte Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:181
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "mehr Gründlichkeit (erhöht Laufzeit)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:182
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "aktiviert \"auto-gc\" Modus"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Datenbank des Projektarchivs wird für eine optimale Performance\n"
+"komprimiert. Sie können auch \"git gc\" manuell ausführen.\n"
+"Siehe \"git help gc\" für weitere Informationen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:249
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+"Es gibt zu viele unerreichbare lose Objekte; führen Sie 'git prune' aus, um "
+"diese zu löschen."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:22
+msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [Optionen] [-e] <Muster> [<Version>...] [[--] <Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: Fehler beim Erzeugen eines Thread: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Verzeichniswechsel: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:443 builtin/grep.c:478
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "konnte Zweig (%s) nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:493
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "kann \"grep\" nicht mit Objekten des Typs %s durchführen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "Schalter '%c' erwartet einen numerischen Wert"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:643
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "sucht in der Bereitstellung anstatt im Arbeitsbaum"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:645
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "findet auch in Inhalten, die nicht von Git verwaltet werden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:647
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "sucht in beobachteten und unbeobachteten Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:649
+msgid "search also in ignored files"
+msgstr "sucht auch in ignorierten Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:652
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "zeigt Zeilen ohne Übereinstimmungen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:654
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "findet Übereinstimmungen unabhängig von Groß- und Kleinschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:656
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "sucht nur ganze Wörter"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:658
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "verarbeitet binäre Dateien als Text"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:660
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "findet keine Muster in Binärdateien"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:663
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "durchläuft höchstens <Tiefe> Ebenen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:667
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "benutzt erweiterte reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:670
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "benutzt grundlegende reguläre Ausdrücke aus POSIX (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:673
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "interpretiert Muster als feste Zeichenketten"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:676
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "benutzt Perl-kompatible reguläre Ausdrücke"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:679
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "zeigt Zeilennummern"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:680
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "zeigt keine Dateinamen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:681
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "zeigt Dateinamen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:683
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "zeigt Dateinamen relativ zum Projektverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:685
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Dateinamen anstatt übereinstimmende Zeilen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:687
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "Synonym für --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:690
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "zeigt nur die Dateinamen ohne Übereinstimmungen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:692
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "gibt NUL-Zeichen nach Dateinamen aus"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:694
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "zeigt, anstatt der Zeilen, die Anzahl der übereinstimmenden Zeilen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:695
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "hebt Übereinstimmungen hervor"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:697
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr ""
+"gibt eine Leerzeile zwischen Übereinstimmungen in verschiedenen Dateien aus"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:699
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt den Dateinamen nur einmal oberhalb der Übereinstimmungen aus dieser "
+"Datei an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:702
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "zeigt <n> Zeilen vor und nach den Übereinstimmungen an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:705
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "zeigt <n> Zeilen vor den Übereinstimmungen an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:707
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "zeigt <n> Zeilen nach den Übereinstimmungen an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:708
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "Kurzform für -C NUM"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:711
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "zeigt eine Zeile mit dem Funktionsnamen vor Übereinstimmungen an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:713
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "zeigt die umgebende Funktion an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:716
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "liest Muster von einer Datei"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:718
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "findet <Muster>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:720
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "kombiniert Muster, die mit -e angegeben wurden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "zeigt Übereinstimmungen nur durch Beendigungsstatus an"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Übereinstimmungen von Dateien, die allen Mustern entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:736
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "zeigt geparsten Baum für \"grep\"-Ausdruck"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "Anzeigeprogramm"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "zeigt Dateien mit Übereinstimmungen im Anzeigeprogramm"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "erlaubt den Aufruf von grep(1) (von dieser Programmversion ignoriert)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:744 builtin/show-ref.c:184
+msgid "show usage"
+msgstr "zeigt Verwendung"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "keine Muster angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges Objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager arbeitet nur innerhalb des Arbeitsbaums"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached oder --untracked kann nicht mit --no-index benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr "--no-index oder --untracked kann nicht mit Versionen benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:897
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+"--[no-]exlude-standard kann nicht mit beobachteten Inhalten benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:905
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "sowohl --cached als auch Zweige gegeben"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:60
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<file>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <Art>] [-w] [--path=<Datei>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<Datei>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:61
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <Liste-von-Pfaden>"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "Art"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "Art des Objektes"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:73
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "schreibt das Objekt in die Objektdatenbank"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:74
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "liest das Objekt von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:76
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "speichert Datei wie sie ist, ohne Filter"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:77
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "verarbeitet Datei, als ob sie von diesem Pfad wäre"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "Anzeige aller vorhandenen Kommandos"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "zeigt Handbuch"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "zeigt Handbuch in einem Webbrowser"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "zeigt Info-Seite"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [Kommando]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "nicht erkanntes Hilfeformat: %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:93
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Konnte emacsclient nicht starten."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:106
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Konnte Version des emacsclient nicht parsen."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "Version des emacsclient '%d' ist zu alt (< 22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von '%s': %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': Pfad für nicht unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
+"Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.cmd' benutzen."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': Kommando für unterstützten Handbuchbetrachter.\n"
+"Sie könnten stattdessen 'man.<Werkzeug>.path' benutzen."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:299
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "Die allgemein verwendeten Git-Kommandos sind:"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "'%s': unbekannter Handbuch-Betrachter."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:384
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "kein Handbuch-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:392
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "kein Informations-Betrachter konnte mit dieser Anfrage umgehen"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "Verwendung: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "für `git %s' wurde der Alias `%s' angelegt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "Objekt-Typen passen bei %s nicht zusammen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr "Objekt hat unerwarteten Typ"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "kann %d Byte nicht lesen"
+msgstr[1] "kann %d Bytes nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "zu frühes Dateiende"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen der Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "verwendete mehr Bytes als verfügbar waren"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "Paket ist zu groß für die aktuelle Definition von off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "Paketsignatur stimmt nicht überein"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "Paketversion %<PRIu32> nicht unterstützt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr "Paket hat ein ungültiges Objekt bei Versatz %lu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "Dekomprimierung gab %d zurück"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt übergelaufen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr ""
+"Wert für Versatz bei Differenzobjekt liegt außerhalb des gültigen Bereichs"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Objekt-Typ %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "Kann Paketdatei %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Byte"
+msgstr[1] "frühzeitiges Ende der Paketdatei, vermisse %lu Bytes"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "ernsthafte Inkonsistenz nach Dekomprimierung"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "SHA1 KOLLISION MIT %s GEFUNDEN !"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "kann %s nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "Kann existierendes Objekt %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges Blob-Objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger Objekt-Typ %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "Fehler in Objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "Nicht alle Kind-Objekte von %s sind erreichbar"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "Konnte Dateiunterschied nicht anwenden"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Empfange Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Indiziere Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "Paket ist beschädigt (SHA1 unterschiedlich)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "kann Paketdatei nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "Paketende enthält nicht verwendbaren Inhalt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Ausführen von \"parse_pack_objects()\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Löse Unterschiede auf"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "kann Thread nicht erzeugen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Auflösen der Unterschiede"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr "vervollständigt mit %d lokalen Objekten"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "Unerwartete Prüfsumme für %s (Festplattenfehler?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschied"
+msgstr[1] "Paket hat %d unaufgelöste Unterschiede"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "Konnte angehängtes Objekt (%d) nicht komprimieren"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "lokales Objekt %s ist beschädigt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Schließen der Paketdatei"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann eben erstellte Paketbeschreibungsdatei '%s' nicht schließen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "Kann Paketdatei nicht speichern"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "Kann Indexdatei nicht speichern"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "\"pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>\" ist ungültig"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "ungültige Anzahl von Threads angegeben (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "keine Unterstützung von Threads, '%s' wird ignoriert"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann existierende Paketdatei '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann existierende Indexdatei für Paket '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekt"
+msgstr[1] "kein Unterschied: %d Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekt"
+msgstr[1] "Länge der Objekt-Liste = %d: %lu Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "Kann nicht zurück zu Arbeitsverzeichnis wechseln"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "%s ist ungültig"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin kann nicht ohne --stdin benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "Name der Paketdatei '%s' endet nicht mit '.pack'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify ohne Name der Paketdatei angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Konnte Gruppenschreibrecht für %s nicht setzen."
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr "zu langer Vorlagen-Name %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "kann Vorlage '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "kann Verzeichnis '%s' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "kann Verknüpfung '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr "zu lange symbolische Verknüpfung %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht mit '%s' symbolisch verknüpfen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht nach '%s' kopieren"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "ignoriere Vorlage %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr "zu langer Vorlagen-Pfad %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "keine Vorlagen in '%s' gefunden"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr "kopiere keine Vorlagen mit einer falschen Formatversion %d von '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges Git-Verzeichnis %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "kann nicht mit Dateityp %d umgehen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht nach %s verschieben"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr "Konnte git-Verknüpfung %s nicht erstellen"
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s Git-Projektarchiv in %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "Reinitialisierte existierendes"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Initialisierte leeres"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:422
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " gemeinsames"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:441
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr "kann aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis nicht ermitteln"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
+"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<Vorlagenverzeichnis>] [--shared"
+"[=<Berechtigungen>]] [Verzeichnis]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "Berechtigungen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr ""
+"gibt an, dass das Git-Projektarchiv mit mehreren Benutzern geteilt wird"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "kann Verzeichnis %s nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "kann nicht in Verzeichnis %s wechseln"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (oder --work-tree=<Verzeichnis>) nicht erlaubt ohne Spezifizierung von %s "
+"(oder --git-dir=<Verzeichnis>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:579
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr "Kann nicht auf aktuelles Arbeitsverzeichnis zugreifen."
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "Kann nicht auf Arbeitsbaum '%s' zugreifen."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:37
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<Optionen>] [<seit>..<bis>] [[--] <Pfad>...]\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:38
+msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
+msgstr "   oder: git show [Optionen] <Objekt>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:100
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Ausgabe der Unterschiede"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:101
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "zeigt Quelle"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:102
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "decorate-Optionen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "letzte Ausgabe: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "Kann Objekt %s nicht lesen."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Unbekannter Typ: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:613
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers ohne Wert"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:687
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "Name des Ausgabeverzeichnisses ist zu lang."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "Kann Patch-Datei %s nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:712
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "Brauche genau einen Versionsbereich."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:720
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "Kein Versionsbereich."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:794
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "Anschreiben benötigt E-Mail-Format"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges in-reply-to: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:895
+msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [Optionen] [<seit> | <Versionsbereich>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:940
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Zwei Ausgabeverzeichnisse?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1068
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "benutzt [PATCH n/m] auch mit einzelnem Patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1071
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "benutzt [PATCH] auch mit mehreren Patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1075
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "Ausgabe der Patches in Standard-Ausgabe"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1077
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "erzeugt ein Deckblatt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1079
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr "benutzt einfache Nummernfolge für die Namen der Ausgabedateien"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1080
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "Dateiendung"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1081
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "verwendet <Dateiendung> anstatt '.patch'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "beginnt die Nummerierung der Patches bei <n> anstatt bei 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1085
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "benutzt [<Prefix>] anstatt [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "speichert erzeugte Dateien in <Verzeichnis>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1091
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "[PATCH] wird nicht entfernt/hinzugefügt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1094
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "gibt keine binären Unterschiede aus"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1096
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr ""
+"schließt keine Patches ein, die einer Version im Übernahmezweig entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "zeigt Patchformat anstatt des Standards (Patch + Zusammenfassung)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "Email-Einstellungen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1101
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "Header"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1102
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "fügt Email-Header hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "Email"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "fügt  \"To:\"-Header hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "fügt \"Cc:\"-Header hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1107
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "message-id"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "macht aus erster Email eine Antwort zu <message-id>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "Grenze"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1110
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "hängt einen Patch an"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1113
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "fügt den Patch direkt in die Nachricht ein"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "aktiviert Nachrichtenverkettung, Stile: shallow, deep"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "Signatur"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "fügt eine Signatur hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "zeigt keine Dateinamen der Patches"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr "unechte Einreicher-Informationen %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1208
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1210
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix und -k schließen sich gegenseitig aus"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1218
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only macht keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1220
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status macht keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1222
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check macht keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1245
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "Standard-Ausgabe oder Verzeichnis, welches von beidem?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Verzeichnis '%s' nicht erstellen."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1400
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Erstellen der Ausgabedateien."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1449
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<Übernahmezweig> [<Arbeitszweig> [<Limit>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte gefolgten, externen Zweig nicht finden, bitte geben Sie <upstream> "
+"manuell an.\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Unbekannte Version %s"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [Optionen] [<Datei>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "zeigt den Dateistatus mit Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr "benutzt Kleinbuchstaben für Dateien mit 'assume unchanged' Markierung"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "zeigt zwischengespeicherten Dateien in der Ausgabe an (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt entfernte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt geänderte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt sonstige Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt ignorierte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt Objektnamen von Inhalten in der Bereitstellung in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "zeigt Dateien im Dateisystem, die gelöscht werden müssen, an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Namen von 'sonstigen' Verzeichnissen an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "zeigt keine leeren Verzeichnisse an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "zeigt nicht zusammengeführte Dateien in der Ausgabe an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "zeigt 'resolve-undo' Informationen an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "lässt Dateien aus, die einem Muster entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "schließt Muster, gelesen von <Datei>, aus"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "liest zusätzliche pro-Verzeichnis Auschlussmuster aus <Datei>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "fügt die standardmäßigen Git-Ausschlüsse hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "Ausgabe relativ zum Projektverzeichnis"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr ""
+"behandle es als Fehler, wenn sich eine <Datei> nicht in der Bereitstellung "
+"befindet"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "Versionsreferenz"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+"gibt vor, dass Pfade, die seit <Versionsreferenz> gelöscht wurden, immer "
+"noch vorhanden sind"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "zeigt Ausgaben zur Fehlersuche an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<Optionen>] <Versionsreferenz> [<Pfad>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Bäume an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "führt Rekursion in Teilbäumen durch"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "zeigt Bäume bei Rekursion an"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "schließt Einträge mit NUL-Byte ab"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "schließt Objektgröße ein"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "listet nur Dateinamen auf"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "benutzt vollständige Pfadnamen"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr ""
+"listet den gesamten Baum auf; nicht nur das aktuelle Verzeichnis (impliziert "
+"--full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:43
+msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [Optionen] [<Version>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:44
+msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge [Optionen] <Beschreibung> HEAD <Version>"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:45
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "Schalter 'm' erfordert einen Wert."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Konnte Zusammenführungsstrategie '%s' nicht finden.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "Verfügbare Strategien sind:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Verfügbare benutzerdefinierte Strategien sind:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:183
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt keine Zusammenfassung der Unterschiede am Schluss der Zusammenführung "
+"an"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:186
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt eine Zusammenfassung der Unterschiede am Schluss der Zusammenführung an"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:187
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(Synonym für --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:189
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"fügt (höchstens <n>) Einträge von \"shortlog\" zur Beschreibung der "
+"Zusammenführung hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:192
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "erzeugt eine einzelne Version anstatt einer Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:194
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr ""
+"führt eine Eintragung durch, wenn die Zusammenführung erfolgreich war "
+"(Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:196
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "Bearbeitung der Versionsbeschreibung vor der Eintragung"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:198
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "erlaubt Vorspulen (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "bricht ab, wenn kein Vorspulen möglich ist"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "Strategie"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "zu verwendende Zusammenführungsstrategie"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "Option=Wert"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "Option für ausgewählte Zusammenführungsstrategie"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr ""
+"führt Versionsbeschreibung zusammen (für eine Zusammenführung, die kein "
+"Vorspulen war)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "bricht die sich im Gange befindliche Zusammenführung ab"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "Konnte \"stash\" nicht ausführen."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "\"stash\" fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "kein gültiges Objekt: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "read-tree fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (nichts zu quetschen)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Quetsche Version -- Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird nicht aktualisiert\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Schreibe SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Schließe SQUASH_MSG ab"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Zusammenführungsbeschreibung -- Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird nicht "
+"aktualisiert\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' zeigt auf keine Version"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "Ungültiger branch.%s.mergeoptions String: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:628
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "\"git write-tree\" schlug beim Schreiben eines Baumes fehl"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:656
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "Es wird nur die Zusammenführung von zwei Zweigen behandelt."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "Unbekannte Option für merge-recursive: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "konnte %s nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte nicht von '%s' lesen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführung wurde nicht eingetragen; benutzen Sie 'git commit' um die "
+"Zusammenführung abzuschließen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bitte geben Sie eine Versionsbeschreibung ein um zu erklären, warum diese "
+"Zusammenführung erforderlich ist,\n"
+"insbesondere wenn es einen aktualisierten, externen Zweig mit einem Thema-"
+"Zweig zusammenführt.\n"
+"\n"
+"Zeilen beginnend mit '#' werden ignoriert, und eine leere Beschreibung "
+"bricht die Eintragung ab.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Leere Versionsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Wunderbar.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Automatische Zusammenführung fehlgeschlagen; beheben Sie die Konflikte und tragen "
+"Sie dann das Ergebnis ein.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' ist keine Version"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:946
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "Sie befinden sich auf keinem Zweig."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:948
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "Kein externes Archiv für den aktuellen Zweig."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:950
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Es ist kein externes Standard-Projektarchiv für den aktuellen Zweig "
+"definiert."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "Kein externer Übernahmezweig für %s von %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - nichts was wir zusammenführen können"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Es gibt keine Zusammenführung zum Abbrechen (vermisse MERGE_HEAD)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben Ihre Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert).\n"
+"Bitte tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein, bevor Sie zusammenführen können."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben Ihre Zusammenführung nicht abgeschlossen (MERGE_HEAD existiert)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert).\n"
+"Bitte tragen Sie Ihre Änderungen ein, bevor Sie zusammenführen können."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben \"cherry-pick\" nicht abgeschlossen (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD existiert)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "Sie können --squash nicht mit --no-ff kombinieren."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr "Sie können --no-ff nicht mit --ff--only kombinieren."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "Keine Version angegeben und merge.defaultToUpstream ist nicht gesetzt."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Kann nur exakt eine Version in einem leeren Zweig zusammenführen."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Bin auf einem Zweig, der noch geboren wird; kann nicht quetschen."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "nicht vorzuspulende Version macht in einem leeren Zweig keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Aktualisiere %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "Probiere wirklich triviale \"in-index\"-Zusammenführung...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "Nein.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "Vorspulen nicht möglich, breche ab."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "Rücklauf des Zweiges bis zum Ursprung...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Probiere Zusammenführungsstrategie %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Keine Zusammenführungsstrategie behandelt diese Zusammenführung.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Zusammenführung mit Strategie %s fehlgeschlagen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "Benutzen Sie \"%s\" um die Auflösung per Hand vorzubereiten.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Automatische Zusammenführung abgeschlossen; halte, wie gewünscht, vor der "
+"Eintragung an\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:26
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <Version> <Version>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:27
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <Version>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:28
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <Version>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <Version> <Version>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:98
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "Ausgabe aller gemeinsamen Vorfahren"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:99
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "findet Vorfahren für eine einzelne n-Wege-Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:100
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "listet Revisionen auf, die nicht durch Andere erreichbar sind"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:102
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "ist der Erste ein Vorfahre von dem Anderen?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
+"file2"
+msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [Optionen] [-L Name1 [-L orig [-L Name2]]] Datei1 orig_Datei "
+"Datei2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "sendet Ergebnisse zur Standard-Ausgabe"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "benutzt eine diff3 basierte Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "verwendet bei Konflikten unsere Variante"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "verwendet bei Konflikten ihre Variante"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "verwendet bei Konflikten eine gemeinsame Variante"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "verwendet bei Konflikten diese Kennzeichnungslänge"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "keine Warnung bei Konflikten"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgstr "setzt Beschriftung für Datei1/orig_Datei/Datei2"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:67
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "Eingabe ist durch NUL-Zeichen abgeschlossen"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "erlaubt fehlende Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "erlaubt die Erstellung von mehr als einem Baum"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:14
+msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [Optionen] <Quelle>... <Ziel>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:64
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "erzwingt Verschieben/Umbenennen, auch wenn das Ziel existiert"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:65
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "überspringt Fehler beim Verschieben oder Umbenennen"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Prüfe Umbenennung von '%s' nach '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "ungültige Quelle"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "kann Verzeichnis nicht in sich selbst verschieben"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "kann Verzeichnis nicht über Datei verschieben"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr "Huh? %.*s ist in der Bereitstellung?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "Quellverzeichnis ist leer"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "nicht unter Versionskontrolle"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "Ziel existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "überschreibe '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "Kann nicht überschreiben"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "mehrere Quellen für das selbe Ziel"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, Quelle=%s, Ziel=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Benenne %s nach %s um\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Umbenennung von '%s' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:175
+msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] <Version>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:176
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:177
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [Optionen] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:229
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Namen an (keine SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:230
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "benutzt nur Markierungen um die Versionen zu benennen"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:232
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "benutzt nur Referenzen die <Muster> entsprechen"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:234
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "listet alle Versionen auf, die von allen Referenzen erreichbar sind"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:235
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "liest von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:236
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
+msgstr "erlaubt Ausgabe von `undefinierten` Namen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] [list [<Objekt>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] add [-f] [-m <Nachricht> | -F <Datei> | (-"
+"c | -C) <Objekt>] [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] copy [-f] <von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] append [-m <Nachricht> | -F <Datei> | (-c "
+"| -C) <Objekt>] [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] edit [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] show [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <Strategie> ] <Notiz-"
+"Referenz>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] remove [<Objekt>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] prune [-n | -v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <Notiz-Referenz>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<Objekt>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<Optionen>] [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<Optionen>] <von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<von-Objekt> <nach-Objekt>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<Optionen>] [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<Optionen>] <Notiz-Referenz>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<Objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<Optionen>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht starten"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr "konnte Datei-Deskriptor für Ausgabe von 'show' nicht öffnen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "Schließen der Verbindung zu 'show' ist für Objekt '%s' fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte 'show' für Objekt '%s' nicht abschließen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte Datei '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:192
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "Bitte liefern Sie den Notiz-Inhalt unter Verwendung der Option -m oder -F."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Entferne Notiz für Objekt %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:218
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "Konnte Notiz-Objekt nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr "Die Notiz-Inhalte wurden in %s belassen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "kann '%s' nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "konnte '%s' nicht öffnen oder lesen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
+#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
+#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
+#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht als gültige Referenz auflösen."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Lesen des Objektes '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr "Kann uninitialisierten/unreferenzierten Notiz-Baum nicht eintragen."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger notes.rewriteMode Wert: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+"Umschreiben der Notizen in %s zurückgewiesen (außerhalb von refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültiger %s Wert: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Fehlerhafte Eingabezeile: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Kopieren der Notizen von '%s' nach '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
+#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "Kein Notiz für Objekt %s gefunden."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "Notizinhalte als Zeichenkette"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "Notizinhalte in einer Datei"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
+#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "Objekt"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "Wiederverwendung und Bearbeitung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "Wiederverwendung des angegebenen Notiz-Objektes"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "ersetzt existierende Notizen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte Notizen nicht hinzufügen. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s "
+"gefunden. Verwenden Sie '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Überschreibe existierende Notizen für Objekt %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:618
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "liest Objekte von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:620
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr ""
+"lädt Konfiguration für <Kommando> beim Umschreiben von Versionen (impliziert "
+"--stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:638
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "zu wenig Parameter"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann Notizen nicht kopieren. Existierende Notizen für Objekt %s gefunden. "
+"Verwenden Sie '-f' um die existierenden Notizen zu überschreiben."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "Keine Notizen für Quell-Objekt %s. Kopie nicht möglich."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Optionen -m/-F/-c/-C sind für das Unterkommando 'edit' veraltet.\n"
+"Bitte benutzen Sie stattdessen 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Allgemeine Optionen"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Optionen für Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"löst Konflikte bei Notizen mit der angegebenen Strategie auf (manual/ours/"
+"theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "trägt nicht zusammengeführte Notizen ein"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+"schließt Zusammenführung von Notizen ab, in dem nicht zusammengeführte "
+"Notizen eingetragen werden"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:877
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "bricht Konfliktauflösung bei Zusammenführung von Notizen ab"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:879
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "bricht Zusammenführung von Notizen ab"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "Objekt %s hat keine Notiz\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "der Versuch, eine nicht existierende Notiz zu löschen, ist kein Fehler"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:989
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "liest Objektnamen von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+msgid "notes_ref"
+msgstr "Notiz-Referenz"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "benutzt Notizen von <Notiz-Referenz>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Unbekanntes Unterkommando: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
+msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [Optionen...] [< Referenzliste | < Objektliste]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
+msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [Optionen...] Basis-Name [< Referenzliste | < Objektliste]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Komprimieren (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2397
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "Nicht unterstützte Bereitstellungsversion %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2401
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "Ungültige Bereitstellungsversion '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2424
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "Option %s akzeptiert keine negative Form"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2428
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr "konnte Wert '%s' für Option %s nicht parsen"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2447
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "zeigt keine Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2449
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "zeigt Fortschrittsanzeige"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "zeigt Forschrittsanzeige während der Phase des Schreibens der Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "ähnlich zu --all-progress wenn Fortschrittsanzeige darstellt wird"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "version[,offset]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr ""
+"schreibt die Index-Datei des Paketes in der angegebenen Indexformat-Version"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2459
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "maximale Größe für jede ausgegebene Paketdatei"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2461
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "ignoriert geliehene Objekte von alternativem Objektspeicher"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2463
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "ignoriert gepackte Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2465
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "begrenzt Paketfenster durch Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2467
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "begrenzt Paketfenster, zusätzlich zur Objektbegrenzung, durch Speicher"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2469
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr ""
+"maximale Länge der erlaubten Differenzverkettung im resultierenden Paket"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2471
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "verwendet existierende Unterschiede wieder"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2473
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "verwendet existierende Objekte wieder"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "benutzt OFS_DELTA Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr ""
+"benutzt Threads bei der Suche nach den besten Übereinstimmungen bei "
+"Unterschieden"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "erzeugt keine leeren Pakete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2481
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "liest Argumente bezüglich Revisionen von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2483
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "begrenzt die Objekte zu solchen, die noch nicht gepackt wurden"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2486
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "schließt Objekte ein, die von jeder Referenz erreichbar sind"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2489
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr ""
+"schließt Objekte ein, die von Einträgen des Referenzprotokolls referenziert "
+"werden"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2492
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "schreibt Paket in die Standard-Ausgabe"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2494
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr ""
+"schließt Markierungsobjekte ein, die auf gepackte Objekte referenzieren"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2496
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "behält nicht erreichbare Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497 parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "Zeit"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "entpackt nicht erreichbare Objekte, die neuer als <Zeit> sind"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2501
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "erzeugt dünnere Pakete"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2503
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "ignoriert Pakete die .keep Dateien haben"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2505
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "Komprimierungsgrad für Paketierung"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2507
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "verbirgt keine Versionen mit künstlichen Vorgängern (\"grafts\")"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [Optionen]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "packt alles"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "entfernt lose Referenzen (Standard)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:12
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <Zeit>] [--] [<Zweigspitze>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:132
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "nicht löschen, nur anzeigen"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:133
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "meldet gelöschte Objekte"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:136
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "lässt Objekte älter als <Zeit> verfallen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:14
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<Optionen>] [<Projektarchiv> [<Referenzspezifikation>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "Kurzschrift für Markierung ohne <Markierung>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete akzeptiert nur reine Referenz-Namen als Ziel"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Um eine Variante permanent zu verwenden, siehe push.default in 'git help "
+"config'."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Der Name des externen Übernahmezweiges stimmt nicht mit dem Namen Ihres\n"
+"aktuellen Zweiges überein. Um auf den Übernahmezweig in dem externen\n"
+"Projektarchiv zu versenden, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"Um auf den Zweig mit dem selben Namen in dem externen Projekarchiv\n"
+"zu versenden, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie befinden sich im Moment auf keinem Zweig.\n"
+"Um die Historie, führend zum aktuellen (freistehende Zweigspitze (HEAD))\n"
+"Status zu versenden, benutzen Sie\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<Name-des-externen-Zweiges>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Der aktuelle Zweig %s hat keinen Zweig im externen Projektarchiv.\n"
+"Um den aktuellen Zweig zu versenden und das Fernarchiv als externes\n"
+"Projektarchiv zu verwenden, benutzen Sie\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "Der aktuelle Zweig %s hat mehrere externe Zweige, Versand verweigert."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie versenden nach '%s', welches kein externes Projektarchiv Ihres\n"
+"aktuellen Zweiges '%s' ist, ohne mir mitzuteilen, was ich versenden\n"
+"soll, um welchen externen Zweig zu aktualisieren."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:151
+msgid ""
+"push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+"and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+"information.\n"
+"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+msgstr ""
+"'push.default' ist nicht gesetzt; der implizit gesetzte Wert\n"
+"wird in Git 2.0 von 'matching' nach 'simple' geändert. Um diese Meldung zu\n"
+"unterdrücken und das aktuelle Verhalten nach Änderung des Standardwertes\n"
+"beizubehalten, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"Um diese Meldung zu unterdrücken und das neue Verhalten jetzt zu "
+"übernehmen, benutzen Sie:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"Führen Sie 'git help config' aus und suchen Sie nach 'push.default' für "
+"weitere Informationen.\n"
+"(Der Modus 'simple' wurde in Git 1.7.11 eingeführt. Benutze den ähnlichen "
+"Modus 'current' anstatt 'simple', falls Sie gelegentlich ältere Versionen von "
+"Git benutzen.)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:199
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben keine Referenzspezifikationen zum Versenden angegeben, und push."
+"default ist \"nothing\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:206
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze Ihres aktuellen\n"
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Führen Sie\n"
+"die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull') bevor Sie erneut\n"
+"versenden.\n"
+"Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
+"für weitere Details."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:212
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines versendeten\n"
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Wenn Sie nicht\n"
+"beabsichtigt haben, diesen Zweig zu versenden, können Sie auch den zu "
+"versendenden\n"
+"Zweig spezifizieren oder die Konfigurationsvariable 'push.default' zu "
+"'simple', 'current'\n"
+"oder 'upstream' setzen, um nur den aktuellen Zweig zu versenden."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:218
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierungen wurden zurückgewiesen, weil die Spitze eines versendeten\n"
+"Zweiges hinter seinem externen Gegenstück zurückgefallen ist. Checken Sie\n"
+"diesen Zweig aus und führen Sie die externen Änderungen zusammen\n"
+"(z.B. 'git pull') bevor Sie erneut versenden.\n"
+"Siehe auch die Sektion 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help'\n"
+"für weitere Details."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Versende nach %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "Fehler beim Versenden einiger Referenzen nach '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "ungültiges Projektarchiv '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:295
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kein Ziel zum Versenden konfiguriert.\n"
+"Entweder spezifizieren Sie die URL von der Kommandozeile oder konfigurieren "
+"ein externes Projektarchiv unter Benutzung von\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <Name> <URL>\n"
+"\n"
+"und versenden dann unter Benutzung dieses Namens\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <Name>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:310
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all und --tags sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:311
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:316
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror und --tags sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:317
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror kann nicht mit Referenzspezifikationen kombiniert werden"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:322
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all und --mirror sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:382
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:383
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "versendet alle Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:384
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "spiegelt alle Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:386
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "löscht Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr ""
+"versendet Markierungen (kann nicht mit --all oder --mirror benutzt werden)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:390
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "erzwingt Aktualisierung"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "check"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "steuert rekursives Versenden von Unterprojekten"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:394
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "benutzt kleinere Pakete"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "'receive pack' Programm"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "setzt externes Projektarchiv für \"git pull/status\""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:400
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "entfernt lokal gelöschte Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:410
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete ist inkompatibel mit --all, --mirror und --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:412
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete macht ohne irgendeine Referenz keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:36
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<Prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<Datei>] (--empty | <Versionsreferenz1> [<Versionsreferenz2> "
+"[<Versionsreferenz3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:108
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "schreibt resultierende Bereitstellung nach <Datei>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:111
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "leert die Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "führt eine Zusammenführung zusätzlich zum Lesen aus"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr ""
+"3-Wege-Zusammenführung, wenn keine Zusammenführung auf Dateiebene "
+"erforderlich ist"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr ""
+"3-Wege-Zusammenführung bei Vorhandensein von hinzugefügten/entfernten Zeilen"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "genau wie -m, verwirft aber nicht zusammengeführte Einträge"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:122
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<Unterverzeichnis>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "liest den Baum in die Bereitstellung unter <Unterverzeichnis>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "aktualisiert Arbeitsbaum mit Ergebnis der Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "erlaubt explizit ignorierte Dateien zu überschreiben"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "prüft nicht den Arbeitsbaum nach der Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "aktualisiert weder die Bereitstellung, noch den Arbeitsbaum"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "überspringt Anwendung des Filters für spärliches Auschecken"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "protokolliert Entpacken der Bäume"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:11
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <Zweig>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <Name> <URL>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <alt> <neu>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:42
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <Name> (-a | -d | <Zweig>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<Gruppe> | "
+"<externesProjektarchiv>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <Name> <Zweig>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <Name> <neueURL> [<alteURL>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <Name> <neueURL>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <Name> <URL>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:27
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<Optionen>] <Name> <URL>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:47
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <Name> <Zweig>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:48
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <Name> <Zweig>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:53
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<Optionen>] <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:58
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<Optionen>] <Name>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:63
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<Optionen>] [<Gruppe> | <externesProjektarchiv>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Aktualisiere %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror ist gefährlich und veraltet; bitte\n"
+"\t benutzen Sie stattdessen --mirror=fetch oder --mirror=push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "unbekanntes Argument für Option --mirror: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "fordert die externen Zweige an"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "importiert alle Markierungen und verbundene Objekte beim Anfordern"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "oder fordere gar keine Zweige an (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "Zweige zur Übernahme"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "Hauptzweig"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:172
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:173
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr ""
+"Aufsetzen des Fernarchivs als Spiegelarchiv zum Versenden und Anfordern"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "Angabe eines Hauptzweiges macht mit --mirror keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr ""
+"die Angabe von zu folgenden Zweigen macht nur mit dem Anfordern von "
+"Spiegelarchiven Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "externes Projektarchiv %s existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Name für ein externes Projektarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte symbolische Referenz für Hauptzweig von '%s' nicht einrichten"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "mehr als ein %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Abholungszuordnung für Referenzspezifikation %s nicht bekommen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(übereinstimmend)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(lösche)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht an '%s' anhängen."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "Kein solches externes Archiv: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Sektion '%s' in Konfiguration nicht nach '%s' umbenennen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Sektion '%s' nicht aus Konfiguration entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Aktualisierung der nicht standardmäßigen Referenzspezifikation zum "
+"Abholen\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tBitte aktualisieren Sie, falls notwendig, die Konfiguration manuell."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht anhängen."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht setzen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "Konnte '%s' nicht erstellen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "Konnte Zweig %s nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Hinweis: Ein Zweig außerhalb der /refs/remotes/ Hierachie wurde nicht "
+"gelöscht;\n"
+"um diesen zu löschen, benutzen Sie:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Hinweis: Einige Zweige außer der /refs/remotes/ Hierarchie wurden nicht "
+"entfernt;\n"
+"um diese zu entfernen, benutzen Sie:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " neu (wird bei nächster Abholung in remotes/%s gespeichert)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " gefolgt"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " veraltet (benutzen Sie 'git remote prune' zum Löschen)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "ungültiges branch.%s.merge; kann nicht auf > 1 Zweig neu aufbauen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "baut neu auf externen Zweig %s auf"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " führt mit externem Zweig %s zusammen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    und mit externem Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "führt mit externem Zweig %s zusammen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr "   und mit externem Zweig"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "erstellt"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "gelöscht"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "aktuell"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "vorspulbar"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "lokal nicht aktuell"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s erzwingt Versandt nach %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s versendet nach %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s erzwingt Versand nach %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s versendet nach %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1091
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "keine Abfrage von Fernarchiven"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* externes Projektarchiv %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL zum Abholen: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(keine URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL zum Versenden: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  Hauptzweig: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  Hauptzweig (externer Hauptzweig ist mehrdeutig, könnte einer der folgenden "
+"sein):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  externer Zweig:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  externe Zweige:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (Zustand nicht abgefragt)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Lokaler Zweig konfiguriert für 'git pull':"
+msgstr[1] "  Lokale Zweige konfiguriert für 'git pull':"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  Lokale Referenzen werden von 'git push' gespiegelt"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Lokale Referenz konfiguriert für 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Lokale Referenzen konfiguriert für 'git push'%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1199
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "setzt refs/remotes/<Name>/HEAD gemäß dem Fernarchiv"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1201
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "entfernt refs/remotes/<Name>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "Kann Hauptzweig des externen Projektarchivs nicht bestimmen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr ""
+"Mehrere Hauptzweige im externen Projektarchiv. Bitte wählen Sie explizit "
+"einen aus mit:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht entfernen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "keine gültige Referenz: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "Konnte %s nicht einrichten"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s wird unreferenziert!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s wurde unreferenziert!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "entferne veraltete Zweige von %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [würde veralteten Zweig entfernen] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr "* [veralteten Zweig entfernt] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1321
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "entfernt veraltete Zweige im Fernarchiv nach dem Abholen"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Kein solches externes Projektarchiv '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1407
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "fügt Zweig hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "kein externes Projektarchiv angegeben"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1436
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "manipuliert URLs zum Versenden"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1438
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "fügt URL hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1440
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "löscht URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete macht keinen Sinn"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "ungültiges altes URL Format: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "Keine solche URL gefunden: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "Werde keine URLs entfernen, die nicht für den Versand bestimmt sind"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben; muss vor einem Unterkommando angegeben werden"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:17
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <Objekt> <Ersetzung>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:18
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <Objekt>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git replace -l [<Muster>]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:121
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "listet ersetzende Referenzen auf"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:122
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "löscht ersetzende Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:123
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "ersetzt die Referenz, wenn sie existiert"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:11
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clean | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:56
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "registriert saubere Auflösungen in der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<Version>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <Version> [--] <Pfade>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<Version>] [--] [<Pfade>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "mixed"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "soft"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "hard"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "zusammenführen"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "keep"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "Sie haben keine gültige Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des Baumes der Zweigspitze (HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "Fehler beim Finden des Baumes von %s."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Konnte neue Bereitstellungsdatei nicht schreiben."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "Zweigspitze (HEAD) ist jetzt bei %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellung nicht lesen"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Nicht bereitgestellte Änderungen nach Zurücksetzung:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann keine '%s' Zurücksetzung durchführen, während eine Zusammenführung im "
+"Gange ist."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:238
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "weniger Ausgaben, meldet nur Fehler"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:240
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) und Bereitstellung zurück"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:241
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "setzt nur Zweigspitze (HEAD) zurück"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD), Bereitstellung und Arbeitsbaum zurück"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:247
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "setzt Zweigspitze (HEAD) zurück, behält aber lokale Änderungen"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Konnte Objekt '%s' nicht parsen."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:308
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch ist inkompatibel mit --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:317
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--mixed mit Pfaden ist veraltet; benutzen Sie stattdessen "
+"'git reset -- <Pfade>'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "Eine '%s' Zurücksetzung mit Pfaden ist nicht möglich."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "'%s' Zurücksetzung ist in einem bloßen Projektarchiv nicht erlaubt"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsdatei nicht zu Version '%s' zurücksetzen."
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [Optionen] -- [<Argumente>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "lässt `--` als Argument"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "stoppt das Parsen nach dem ersten Argument was keine Option ist"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [Optionen] -- [<Argumente>...]\n"
+"   oder: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<Argumente>...]\n"
+"   oder: git rev-parse [Optionen] [<Argumente>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Führen Sie \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" für weitere Informationen bei erster "
+"Verwendung aus."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git revert [options] <Versionsangabe>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <Unterkommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [Optionen] <Versionsangabe>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <Unterkommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s kann nicht mit %s benutzt werden"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "beendet \"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "setzt \"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf fort"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "bricht \"revert\" oder \"cherry-pick\" Ablauf ab"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "trägt nicht automatisch ein"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "Bearbeitung der Versionsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "parent number"
+msgstr "Nummer des Elternteils"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "Zusammenführungsstrategie"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "Option"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:114
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "Option für Zusammenführungsstrategie"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:125
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "hängt Versionsnamen an"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "erlaubt Vorspulen"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:127
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "erhält ursprüngliche, leere Versionen"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:128
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "erlaubt Version mit leerer Beschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:129
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "behält redundante, leere Versionen"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:133
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "Programmfehler"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:223
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "\"revert\" fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:238
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:15
+msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:64 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"Unterprojekt '%s' (oder ein geschachteltes Unterprojekt hiervon) verwendet\n"
+"ein .git-Verzeichnis (benutzen Sie 'rm -rf' wenn Sie dieses wirklich mitsamt\n"
+"seiner Historie löschen möchten)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' hat bereitgestellten Inhalt unterschiedlich zu der Datei und der\n"
+"Zweigspitze (HEAD) (benutzen Sie -f um die Entfernung zu erzwingen)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' hat Änderungen in der Bereitstellung\n"
+"(benutzen Sie --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung zu "
+"erzwingen)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' hat lokale Modifikationen\n"
+"(benutzen Sie --cached um die Datei zu behalten, oder -f um die Entfernung zu "
+"erzwingen)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:207
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "listet keine gelöschten Dateien auf"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:208
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "entfernt nur aus der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:209
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "überschreibt die \"up-to-date\" Prüfung"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "erlaubt rekursive Entfernung"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:212
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "beendet mit Rückgabewert 0, wenn keine Übereinstimmung gefunden wurde"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "'%s' wird nicht ohne -r rekursiv entfernt"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: konnte %s nicht löschen"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgstr ""
+"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] "
+"[<Versionsidentifikation>... ]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "fehlender Autor: %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "sortiert die Ausgabe entsprechend der Anzahl von Versionen pro Autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "Unterdrückt Versionsbeschreibungen, liefert nur Anzahl der Versionen"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Zeigt die Email-Adresse von jedem Autor"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "Ausgabe mit Zeilenumbrüchen"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<Wann>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] "
+"[(<Revision> | <glob>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<Basis>]] [--list] [<Referenz>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "zeigt externe Übernahmezweige und lokale Zweige an"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "zeigt externe Übernahmezweige an"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "färbt '*!+-' entsprechend des Zweiges ein"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "zeigt <n> weitere Versionen nach dem gemeinsamen Vorfahren"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "Synonym für more=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "unterdrückt Namen"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "bezieht den aktuellen Zweig ein"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "benennt Versionen nach ihren Objektnamen"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "zeigt mögliche Basen für Zusammenführung"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "zeigt Referenzen die unerreichbar von allen anderen Referenzen sind"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "zeigt Versionen in topologischer Ordnung"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Versionen, die sich nicht im ersten Zweig befinden"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt Zusammenführungen, die nur von einer Zweigspitze aus erreichbar sind"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+msgstr "zeigt Versionen, wo kein Elternteil vor seinem Kind kommt"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<Basis>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt die <n> jüngsten Einträge im Referenzprotokoll beginnend an der Basis"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=Muster] < ref-list"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:165
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Markierungen (kann mit \"heads\" kombiniert werden)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Zweigspitzen (kann mit \"tags\" kombiniert werden)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:167
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr "strengere Referenzprüfung, erfordert exakten Referenzpfad"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170 builtin/show-ref.c:172
+msgid "show the HEAD reference"
+msgstr "zeigt Referenz der Zweigspitze (HEAD)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "dereferenziert Markierungen in Objekt-Identifikationen"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "zeigt nur SHA1 Hash mit <n> Ziffern"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:180
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr ""
+"keine Ausgabe der Ergebnisse in die Standard-Ausgabe (nützlich mit --verify)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr ""
+"zeigt Referenzen von der Standard-Eingabe, die sich nicht im lokalen "
+"Projektarchiv befinden, an"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [Optionen] name [ref]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr ""
+"unterdrückt Fehlermeldungen für nicht-symbolische (losgelöste) Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "löscht symbolische Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "verkürzte Ausgabe der Referenzen"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "Grund"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "Grund für die Aktualisierung"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:22
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <Schlüssel-id>] [-f] [-m <Nachricht>|-F <Datei>] "
+"<Markierungsname> [<Zweig>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <Markierungsname>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
+"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<Nummer>]] [--contains <Version>] [--points-at <Objekt>] \n"
+"\t\t[<Muster>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v <Markierungsname>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "fehlerhaftes Objekt bei '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr "Markierungsname zu lang: %.*s..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "Markierung '%s' nicht gefunden."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Gelöschte Markierung '%s' (war %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr "Konnte Markierung '%s' nicht verifizieren"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Geben Sie eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein.\n"
+"# Zeilen, die mit '#' beginnen, werden ignoriert.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Geben Sie eine Markierungsbeschreibung ein.\n"
+"# Zeilen, die mit '#' beginnen, werden behalten; Sie dürfen diese\n"
+"# selbst entfernen wenn Sie möchten.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "konnte Markierung nicht signieren"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "konnte Markierungsdatei nicht schreiben"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "ungültiger Objekt-Typ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr "Markierungskopf zu groß."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "keine Markierungsbeschreibung?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "Die Markierungsbeschreibung wurde gelassen in %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr "Option 'points-at' erfordert ein Objekt"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "fehlerhafter Objekt-Name '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "listet Markierungsnamen auf"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "zeigt <n> Zeilen jeder Markierungsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:451
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "löscht Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "überprüft Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "Optionen für Erstellung von Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "annotierte Markierung, benötigt eine Beschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "Markierungsbeschreibung"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "annotierte und GPG-signierte Markierung"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "benutzt einen anderen Schlüssel um die Markierung zu signieren"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:465
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "ersetzt die Markierung, wenn sie existiert"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "zeigt Liste der Markierungen in Spalten"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:468
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "Optionen für Auflistung der Markierungen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:471
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "gibt nur Markierungen aus, die diese Version beinhalten"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "gibt nur Markierungen von dem Objekt aus"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column und -n sind inkompatibel"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "-n Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "--contains Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "--points-at Option ist nur erlaubt mit -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "nur eine -F oder -m Option ist erlaubt."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "zu viele Parameter"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "'%s' ist kein gültiger Markierungsname."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "Markierung '%s' existiert bereits"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht sperren"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr "%s: kann Referenz nicht aktualisieren"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Aktualisierte Markierung '%s' (war %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:401
+msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [Optionen] [--] [<Datei>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:718
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisierung fortsetzen, auch wenn die Bereitstellung aktualisiert werden "
+"muss"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:721
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "Aktualisierung: ignoriert Unterprojekte"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:724
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "ignoriert keine neuen Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:726
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "lässt Dateien Verzeichnisse ersetzen, und umgedreht"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:728
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "beachtet fehlende Dateien im Arbeitsbaum"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:730
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+"aktualisiert, auch wenn die Bereitstellung nicht zusammengeführte Einträge "
+"beinhaltet"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:733
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "aktualisiert Dateiinformationen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:737
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "wie --refresh, ignoriert aber \"assume-unchanged\" Einstellung"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
+msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
+msgstr "<Modus> <Objekt> <Pfad>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:742
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "stellt den angegebenen Eintrag zur Eintragung bereit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:747
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "überschreibt das \"ausführbar\"-Bit der aufgelisteten Dateien"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:751
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "betrachte diese Datei immer als unverändert"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:754
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "löscht \"assumed-unchanged\"-Bit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:757
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "markiert Dateien als \"index-only\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:760
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "löscht \"skip-worktree\"-Bit"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:763
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+"fügt nur der Bereitstellung hinzu; Inhalt wird nicht der Objekt-Datenbank "
+"hinzugefügt"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:765
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr "löscht benannte Pfade, auch wenn sie sich im Arbeitsbaum befinden"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:767
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "mit --stdin: eingegebene Zeilen sind durch NUL-Bytes abgeschlossen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:769
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "liest Liste der zu aktualisierenden Pfade von der Standard-Eingabe"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:773
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "fügt Einträge von der Standard-Eingabe der Bereitstellung hinzu"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:777
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr ""
+"wiederholtes Einpflegen der Zustände #2 und #3 für die aufgelisteten Pfade"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:781
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"aktualisiert nur Einträge, die unterschiedlich zur Zweigspitze (HEAD) sind"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:785
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "ignoriert fehlende Dateien im Arbeitsbaum"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:788
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "gibt die Aktionen in der Standard-Ausgabe aus"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:790
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "(für Fremdprogramme) keine gespeicherten, nicht aufgelöste Konflikte"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:794
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "schreibt Bereitstellungsdatei in diesem Format"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:7
+msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [Optionen] -d <Referenzname> [<alterWert>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:8
+msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [Optionen]    <Referenzname> <neuerWert> [<alterWert>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:19
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "löscht diese Referenz"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:21
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "aktualisiert <Referenzname>, nicht den Verweis"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "aktualisiert die Informationsdateien von Grund auf"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <Paket>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "zeigt nur Statistiken"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <Markierung>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "gibt Markierungsinhalte aus"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<Prefix>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<Prefix>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "schreibt das Baumobjekt für ein Unterverzeichnis <Prefix>"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "nur nützlich für Fehlersuche"
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+"Siehe 'git help <Kommando>' für weitere Informationen zu einem spezifischen "
+"Kommando"
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "Kein Effekt (Rückwärtskompatibilität)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "erweiterte Ausgaben"
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "weniger Ausgaben"
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "benutze <n> Ziffern zur Anzeige von SHA-1s"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "stellt Dateiinhalte zur Eintragung bereit"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr ""
+"Findet über eine Binärsuche die Änderungen, die einen Fehler verursacht haben"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Zeigt an, erstellt oder entfernt Zweige"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr "Checkt Zweige oder Pfade im Arbeitszweig aus"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Klont ein Projektarchiv in einem neuen Verzeichnis"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Trägt Änderungen in das Projektarchiv ein"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "Zeigt Änderungen zwischen Versionen, Version und Arbeitszweig, etc. an"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Lädt Objekte und Referenzen von einem anderen Projektarchiv herunter"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Stellt Zeilen dar, die einem Muster entsprechen"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr ""
+"Erstellt ein leeres Git-Projektarchiv oder initialisiert ein bestehendes neu"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Zeigt Versionshistorie an"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Führt zwei oder mehr Entwicklungszweige zusammen"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr ""
+"Verschiebt oder benennt eine Datei, ein Verzeichnis, oder eine symbolische "
+"Verknüpfung um"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Fordert Objekte von einem externen Projektarchiv an und führt sie mit einem "
+"anderen Projektarchiv oder einem lokalen Zweig zusammen"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Aktualisiert externe Referenzen mitsamt den verbundenen Objekten"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr "Baut lokale Versionen auf einem aktuellerem externen Zweig neu auf"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr ""
+"Setzt die aktuelle Zweigspitze (HEAD) zu einem spezifizierten Zustand zurück"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Löscht Dateien im Arbeitszweig und von der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Zeigt verschiedene Arten von Objekten an"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Zeigt den Zustand des Arbeitszweiges an"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr ""
+"Erzeugt, listet auf, löscht oder verifiziert ein mit GPG signiertes "
+"Markierungsobjekt"
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "Sie müssen zuerst die Informationen des Eintragenden setzen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie scheinen seit dem letzten gescheiterten 'am' die Zweigspitze (HEAD)\n"
+"geändert zu haben.\n"
+"Keine Zurücksetzung zu ORIG_HEAD."
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn Sie das Problem gelöst haben, führen Sie \"$cmdline --resolved\" aus.\n"
+"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
+"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
+"Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der\n"
+"Patches abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr "Kann nicht zu 3-Wege-Zusammenführung zurückfallen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Dem Projektarchiv fehlen notwendige Blobs um auf eine 3-Wege-Zusammenführung "
+"zurückzufallen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:139
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr ""
+"Verwende Informationen aus der Bereitstellung um einen Basisbaum "
+"nachzustellen"
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Haben Sie den Patch per Hand editiert?\n"
+"Er kann nicht auf die Blobs in seiner 'index' Zeile angewendet werden."
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Falle zurück zum Patchen der Basis und der 3-Wege-Zusammenführung..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:179
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Zusammenführung der Änderungen fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-am.sh:274
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Es kann nur eine StGIT Patch-Serie auf einmal angewendet werden."
+
+#: git-am.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr "Patch-Format $patch_format wird nicht unterstützt."
+
+#: git-am.sh:363
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Patch-Formaterkennung fehlgeschlagen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:389
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Die -b/--binary Option hat seit Langem keinen Effekt und wird\n"
+"entfernt. Bitte nicht mehr verwenden."
+
+#: git-am.sh:477
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+"Vorheriges Verzeichnis des Neuaufbaus $dotest existiert noch, aber mbox "
+"gegeben."
+
+#: git-am.sh:482
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr "Bitte werden Sie sich klar. --skip oder --abort?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:509
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Es ist keine Auflösung im Gange, es wird nicht fortgesetzt."
+
+#: git-am.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+"Unsaubere Bereitstellung: kann Patches nicht anwenden (unsauber: $files)"
+
+#: git-am.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Patch ist leer. Wurde er falsch aufgeteilt?\n"
+"Wenn Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen\n"
+"\"$cmdline --skip\" aus.\n"
+"Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und die Anwendung der "
+"Patches\n"
+"abzubrechen, führen Sie \"$cmdline --abort\" aus."
+
+#: git-am.sh:706
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr "Patch enthält keine gültige Email-Adresse."
+
+#: git-am.sh:753
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"Kann nicht interaktiv sein, ohne dass die Standard-Eingabe mit einem "
+"Terminal verbunden ist."
+
+#: git-am.sh:757
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Beschreibung der Eintragung ist:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:764
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr "Anwenden? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+
+#: git-am.sh:800
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Wende an: $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:821
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Änderungen - haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?\n"
+"Wenn keine Änderungen mehr zum Bereitstellen vorhanden sind, könnten\n"
+"diese bereits anderweitig eingefügt worden sein; Sie könnten diesen Patch\n"
+"auslassen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:829
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie haben immer noch nicht zusammengeführte Pfade in der Bereitstellung.\n"
+"Haben Sie vergessen 'git add' zu benutzen?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:845
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen -- Patches bereits angewendet."
+
+#: git-am.sh:855
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Anwendung des Patches fehlgeschlagen bei $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:858
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+msgstr ""
+"Die Kopie des fehlgeschlagenen Patches befindet sich in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+
+#: git-am.sh:876
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "wende zu leerer Historie an"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Wollen Sie, dass ich es für Sie mache [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "nicht erkannte Option: '$arg'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "'$arg' scheint keine gültige Version zu sein"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "Ungültige Zweigspitze (HEAD) - Zweigspitze (HEAD) wird benötigt"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Auschecken von '$start_head' fehlgeschlagen. Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset "
+"<gueltigerzweig>'."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr "\"bisect\" auf gesuchtem Zweig nicht möglich"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "Ungültige Zweigspitze (HEAD) - merkwürdige symbolische Referenz"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Ungültiges \"bisect_write\" Argument: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr "Bitte rufen Sie 'bisect_state' mit mindestens einem Argument auf."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "Ungültige Referenz-Eingabe: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect bad' kann nur ein Argument entgegennehmen."
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr "Warnung: halbiere nur mit einer fehlerhaften Version"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Sind Sie sicher [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie müssen mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Version angeben.\n"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie müssen mit \"git bisect start\" beginnen.\n"
+"Danach müssen Sie mindestens eine korrekte und eine fehlerhafte Version "
+"angeben.\n"
+"(Sie können dafür \"git bisect bad\" und \"git bisect good\" benutzen.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Wir sind nicht beim Halbieren."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid' ist keine gültige Version"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Konnte die ursprüngliche Zweigspitze (HEAD) '$branch' nicht auschecken.\n"
+"Versuchen Sie 'git bisect reset <Version>'."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Keine Log-Datei gegeben"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "kann $file nicht für das Abspielen lesen"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? Was reden Sie da?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "führe $command aus"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung der Halbierung fehlgeschlagen:\n"
+"Rückkehrwert $res von '$command' ist < 0 oder >= 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "Ausführung der Halbierung kann nicht mehr fortgesetzt werden"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"Ausführung der Halbierung fehlgeschlagen:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' wurde mit Fehlerwert $res beendet"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "Halbierung erfolgreich ausgeführt"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben.\n"
+"Bitte korrigieren Sie dies im Arbeitsbaum und benutzen Sie dann 'git add/rm <Datei>'\n"
+"um die Auflösung entsprechend zu markieren, oder benutzen Sie 'git commit -a'."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"\"pull\" ist nicht möglich, weil Sie nicht zusammengeführte Dateien haben."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+"Aktualisiere eine ungeborenen Zweig mit Änderungen, die zur Bereitstellung "
+"hinzugefügt wurden"
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+"Warnung: Die Anforderung aktualisierte die Spitze des aktuellen Zweiges.\n"
+"Warnung: Spule Ihren Arbeitszweig von Version $orig_head vor."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:254
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr "Kann nicht mehrere Zweige in einen ungeborenen Zweig zusammenführen"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:258
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "kann nicht auf mehrere Zweige neu aufbauen"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:53
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn Sie das Problem aufgelöst haben, führen Sie \"git rebase --continue\" aus.\n"
+"Falls Sie diesen Patch auslassen möchten, führen Sie stattdessen \"git rebase --"
+"skip\" aus.\n"
+"Um den ursprünglichen Zweig wiederherzustellen und den Neuaufbau "
+"abzubrechen,\n"
+"führen Sie \"git rebase --abort\" aus."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:160
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "Der \"pre-rebase hook\" hat den Neuaufbau zurückgewiesen."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:165
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "\"git-am\" scheint im Gange zu sein. Kann nicht neu aufbauen."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:296
+msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+msgstr "Die --exec Option muss mit der --interactive Option benutzt werden"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:301
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "Kein Neuaufbau im Gange?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:312
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "Die --edit-todo Aktion kann nur während eines interaktiven "
+"Neuaufbaus benutzt werden."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "Kann Zweigspitze (HEAD) nicht lesen"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:322
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"Sie müssen alle Zusammenführungskonflikte editieren und diese dann\n"
+"mittels \"git add\" als aufgelöst markieren"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:340
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Konnte nicht zu $head_name zurückgehen"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"Es sieht so aus, als ob es das Verzeichnis $state_dir_base bereits gibt\n"
+"und es könnte ein anderer Neuaufbau im Gange sein. Wenn das der Fall ist,\n"
+"probieren Sie bitte\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"Wenn das nicht der Fall ist, probieren Sie bitte\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"und führen Sie dieses Kommando nochmal aus. Es wird angehalten, falls noch\n"
+"etwas Schützenswertes vorhanden ist."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr "ungültiger Übernahmezweig $upstream_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: es gibt mehr als eine Zusammenführungsbasis"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:431 git-rebase.sh:435
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: es gibt keine Zusammenführungsbasis"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:440
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "$onto_name zeigt auf keine gültige Version"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:463
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr "fatal: Zweig $branch_name nicht gefunden"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:483
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Bitte tragen Sie die Änderungen ein oder benutzen Sie \"stash\"."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "Aktueller Zweig $branch_name ist auf dem neusten Stand."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr ""
+"Aktueller Zweig $branch_name ist auf dem neusten Stand, Neuaufbau erzwungen."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Änderungen von $mb zu $onto:"
+
+#. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+#: git-rebase.sh:524
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+"Zunächst wird die Zweigspitze zurückgespult, um Ihre Änderungen\n"
+"darauf neu anzuwenden..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "$branch_name zu $onto_name vorgespult."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash clear mit Parametern ist nicht implementiert"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Sie haben bisher noch keine initiale Version"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Zustand der Bereitstellung nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Zustand des Arbeitsbaumes nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Keine Änderungen ausgewählt"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "Kann temporäre Bereitstellung nicht löschen (kann nicht passieren)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "Kann Zustand des Arbeitsbaumes nicht aufzeichnen"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"Fehler: unbekannte Option für 'stash save': $option\n"
+"        Um eine Beschreibung anzugeben, benutzen Sie \"git stash save -- "
+"'$option'\""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "Keine lokalen Änderungen zum Speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "Kann \"stash\" nicht initialisieren"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "Kann den aktuellen Status nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "Kann Änderungen am Arbeitsbaum nicht löschen"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "Kein \"stash\" gefunden."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "Zu viele Revisionen angegeben: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference ist keine gültige Referenz"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "'$args' ist keine \"stash\"-artige Version"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "'$args' ist keine \"stash\"-Referenz"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "unfähig die Bereitstellung zu aktualisieren"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr ""
+"Kann \"stash\" nicht anwenden, solang eine Zusammenführung im Gange ist"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Konflikte in der Bereitstellung. Versuchen Sie es ohne --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "Konnte Bereitstellungsbaum nicht speichern"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "Kann geänderte Dateien nicht aus der Bereitstellung herausnehmen"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:475
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "Bereitstellung wurde nicht ausgelagert."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Gelöscht ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: Konnte \"stash\"-Eintrag nicht löschen"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:500
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "Kein Zweigname spezifiziert"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(Zur Wiederherstellung geben Sie \"git stash apply\" ein)"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr "Kann eine Komponente von URL '$remoteurl' nicht extrahieren"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Keine Unterprojekt-Zuordnung in .gitmodules für Pfad '$sm_path' gefunden"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr "Klonen von '$url' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+"Git-Verzeichnis '$a' ist Teil des Unterprojekt-Pfades '$b', oder umgekehrt"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "repo URL: '$repo' muss absolut sein oder mit ./|../ beginnen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' existiert bereits in der Bereitstellung"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"Der folgende Pfad wird durch eine Ihrer \".gitignore\" Dateien ignoriert:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Benutzen Sie -f wenn Sie diesen wirklich hinzufügen möchten."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr ""
+"Füge existierendes Projektarchiv in '$sm_path' der Bereitstellung hinzu."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' existiert bereits und ist kein gültiges Git-Projektarchiv"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr "Ein Git-Verzeichnis für '$sm_name' wurde lokal gefunden mit den "
+"Fernarchiv(en):"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgstr ""
+"Wenn Sie dieses lokale Git-Verzeichnis wiederverwenden möchtest, anstatt "
+"erneut zu klonen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+msgstr ""
+"benutzen Sie die Option '--force'. Wenn das lokale Git-Verzeichnis nicht das "
+"korrekte Projektarchiv ist"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"oder Sie sich unsicher sind, was das bedeutet, wählen Sie einen anderen Namen"
+"mit der Option '--name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "Reaktiviere lokales Git-Verzeichnis für Unterprojekt '$sm_name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Unfähig Unterprojekt '$sm_path' auszuchecken"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Hinzufügen von Unterprojekt '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Registierung von Unterprojekt '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Betrete '$prefix$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "Stoppe bei '$sm_path'; Skript gab nicht-Null Status zurück."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Keine URL für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' in .gitmodules gefunden"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Registrierung der URL für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt '$name' ($url) ist für Pfad '$sm_path' registriert"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Registrierung des Aktualisierungsmodus für Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' "
+"fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:614
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' ist nicht initialisiert\n"
+"Vielleicht möchten Sie 'update --init' benutzen?"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte aktuelle Version in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht finden"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht anfordern"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Neuaufbau von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht möglich"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path': neu aufgebaut in '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Zusammenführung von '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path': zusammengeführt in '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Konnte '$sha1' in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path' nicht auschecken."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Unterprojekt-Pfad: '$sm_path': '$sha1' ausgecheckt"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Fehler bei Rekursion in Unterprojekt-Pfad '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Die --cached Option kann nicht mit der --files Option benutzt werden"
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "unerwarteter Modus $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht Version $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht Version $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+"  Warnung: $name beinhaltet nicht die Versionen $sha1_src und $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:892
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "Blob"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:930
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "# Unterprojekte geändert, aber nicht aktualisiert:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:932
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "# Änderungen in Unterprojekt zum Eintragen:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Synchronisiere Unterprojekt-URL für '$prefix$sm_path'"
+
+#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
+#~ msgstr " 0 Dateien geändert"
+
+#~ msgid " %d file changed"
+#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+#~ msgstr[0] " %d Datei geändert"
+#~ msgstr[1] " %d Dateien geändert"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d Zeile hinzugefügt(+)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d Zeilen hinzugefügt(+)"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d Zeile entfernt(-)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d Zeilen entfernt(-)"
+
+#~ msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Die Datenbank des Projektarchivs wird für eine optimale Performance "
+#~ "komprimiert.\n"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <Name> (-a | -d | <Zweig>])"
+
+#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+#~ msgstr " (benutze \"git add\" zum Beobachten)"
+
+#~ msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+#~ msgstr "-B kann nicht mit -b benutzt werden"
+
+#~ msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+#~ msgstr "--patch ist inkompatibel mit allen anderen Optionen"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+#~ msgstr "--detach kann nicht mit -b/-B/--orphan benutzt werden"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--detach kann nicht mit -t benutzt werden"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan und -b|-B sind gegenseitig exklusiv"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan kann nicht mit -t benutzt werden"
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "git checkout: -f und -m sind inkompatibel"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "git checkout: Die Aktualisierung von Pfaden ist inkompatibel mit dem "
+#~ "Wechsel von Zweigen."
+
+#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
+#~ msgstr "merge-recursive: Festplatte voll?"
+
+#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done fehlgeschlagen"
+
+#~ msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+#~ msgstr "-d Option wird nicht länger unterstützt. Nicht benutzen."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
+#~ msgstr "%s wurde gelöscht/umbenannt"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
+#~ msgstr "'%s' ist kein Dokumentationsverzeichnis"
+
+#~ msgid "--"
+#~ msgstr "--"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+#~ msgstr "Konnte E-Mail-Adresse des Einreichers nicht extrahieren."
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+#~ msgstr "Bitte gebe die Versionsbeschreibung für deine Änderungen ein."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were "
+#~ "rejected\n"
+#~ "Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See "
+#~ "the\n"
+#~ "'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Um dich vor Verlust von Historie zu bewahren, wurden nicht vorzuspulende "
+#~ "Aktualisierungen zurückgewiesen.\n"
+#~ "Führe die externen Änderungen zusammen (z.B. 'git pull') bevor du erneut "
+#~ "versendest. Siehe auch die 'Note about fast-forwards' Sektion von \n"
+#~ "'git push --help' für weitere Details.\n"
diff --git a/po/git.pot b/po/git.pot
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..430d033
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/git.pot
@@ -0,0 +1,9052 @@
+# SOME DESCRIPTIVE TITLE.
+# Copyright (C) YEAR THE PACKAGE'S COPYRIGHT HOLDER
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the PACKAGE package.
+# FIRST AUTHOR <EMAIL@ADDRESS>, YEAR.
+#
+#, fuzzy
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: PACKAGE VERSION\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n"
+"Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n"
+"Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n"
+"Language: \n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=CHARSET\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=INTEGER; plural=EXPRESSION;\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:10
+msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:11
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:324
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
+#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:328
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:329
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:330
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:331
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:339
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:342
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+msgid "command"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: attr.c:259
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
+#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:294
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:335
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:380
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:398
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:416
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:441
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:52
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:3494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:3508
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1622
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:219
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:332
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:370
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: merge.c:56
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
+#: builtin/clone.c:586
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:268
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. something else exists
+#. .. but not some other error (who really cares what?)
+#: merge-recursive.c:697 merge-recursive.c:718
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:708
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:922
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:926
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:942
+msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1021 merge-recursive.c:1035
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1027 merge-recursive.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1164
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1248
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1447
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1462 merge-recursive.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1574
+msgid "content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1581
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1634
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1749
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1755
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1770
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1787
+msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1806
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1815
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1890
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1903
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1940
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1997
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.c:494
+msgid "..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1637
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1640
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1647
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1659
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
+#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
+#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:146
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:149
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:182
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:185
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:266
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:287
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:403
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:406
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:565
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:663
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:680
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:751
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:752
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:793
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:795
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1012
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1013
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:427
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:140
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:167 wt-status.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:206
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:244
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:318
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:804
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:807
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:811
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:813
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:815
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:876
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:878
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:880
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:886
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:888
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:891
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:893
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:896
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:898
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:915
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:924
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:985
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:997
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1011
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1013
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1015
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1017
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1023
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1034
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1037
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1050
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1158
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1164
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1179
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:1187
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:19
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:313
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
+#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:322
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:325
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:327
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:328
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:329
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:330
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:331
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:360
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:392
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:394
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:235
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:57
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:832
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:957
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2149
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/fetch.c:63
+msgid "path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+msgid "num"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+msgid "action"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+msgid "root"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:25
+msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "score"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:23
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
+msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:208
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:560
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:663
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:747
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:749
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:750
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:753
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:758
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:774
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:775
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:777
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:778
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:779
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:780
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:781
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:782
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:784
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "print only not merged branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
+msgid "print only merged branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:811
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:836
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:914
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
+msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "string"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:25
+msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:26
+msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
+#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+msgid "style"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:19
+msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:51
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:53
+msgid "force"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:55
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:57
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:58
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:60
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:36
+msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
+#: builtin/push.c:399
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:66
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:72
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:74
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:76
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:78
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:86
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:99
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:552
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:690
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:694
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:724
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:879
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:34
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:56
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:258
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:300
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:306
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:391
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:403
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:423
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:540
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:612
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:622
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:642
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:707
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:735
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:740
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:780
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:817
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:984
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:998
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+msgid "date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
+#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+msgid "message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+msgid "default"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+msgid "key id"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. end commit message options
+#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:7
+msgid "git config [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:51
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:52
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:53
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:54
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68 builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "slot"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
+msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:15
+msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:16
+msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
+msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:407
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:410
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:412
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:414
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:418
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:305
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:22
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:60
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:62
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:64
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:65
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:67
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:69
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:71
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:73
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:74
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:75
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:79
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:81
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:84
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
+msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+msgid "text"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
+msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
+msgid "key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:608
+msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:617
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:619
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:620
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:621
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:623
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:22
+msgid "git gc [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:179
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:181
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:182
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:249
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:22
+msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:443 builtin/grep.c:478
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:493
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:643
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:645
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:647
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:649
+msgid "search also in ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:652
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:654
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:656
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:658
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:660
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:663
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:667
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:670
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:673
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:676
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:679
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:680
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:681
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:683
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:685
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:687
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:690
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:692
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:694
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:695
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:697
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:699
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:702
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:705
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:707
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:708
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:711
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:713
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:716
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:718
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:720
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:736
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:744 builtin/show-ref.c:184
+msgid "show usage"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:897
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:905
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:60
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<file>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:61
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:73
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:74
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:76
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:77
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:93
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:106
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:299
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:384
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:392
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:422
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:441
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
+"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:579
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:37
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:38
+msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:100
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:101
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:102
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:613
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:687
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:712
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:720
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:794
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:895
+msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:940
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1068
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1071
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1075
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1077
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1079
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1080
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1081
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1085
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1091
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1094
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1096
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1101
+msgid "header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1102
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "email"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1107
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1110
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1113
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1208
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1210
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1218
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1220
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1222
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1245
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1400
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1449
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:43
+msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:44
+msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:45
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:183
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:186
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:187
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:189
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:192
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:194
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:196
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:198
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:628
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:656
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:946
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:948
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:950
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:26
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:27
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:28
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:98
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:99
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:100
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:102
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
+"file2"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:67
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:14
+msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:64
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:65
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:175
+msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:176
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:177
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:229
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:230
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:232
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:234
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:235
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:236
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:192
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:218
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
+#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
+#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
+#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
+#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
+#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+msgid "object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:618
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:620
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:638
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:877
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:879
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:989
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+msgid "notes_ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
+msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
+msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2397
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2401
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2424
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2428
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2447
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2449
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2459
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2461
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2463
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2465
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2467
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2469
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2471
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2473
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2481
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2483
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2486
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2489
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2492
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2494
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2496
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497 parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2501
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2503
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2505
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2507
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:12
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:132
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:133
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:136
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:14
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:151
+msgid ""
+"push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+"and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+"information.\n"
+"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:199
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:206
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:212
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:218
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:295
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:310
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:311
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:316
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:317
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:322
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:382
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:383
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:384
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:386
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:390
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "check"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:394
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:400
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:410
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:412
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:36
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:108
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:111
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:122
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:11
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:42
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:27
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:47
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:48
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:53
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:58
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:63
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:172
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:173
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1091
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1199
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1201
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1321
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1407
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1436
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1438
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1440
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:17
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:18
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:121
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:122
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:123
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:11
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:56
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:238
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:240
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:241
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:247
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:308
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:317
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "parent number"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:114
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:125
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:127
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:128
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:129
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:133
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:223
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:238
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:15
+msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:64 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:207
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:208
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:209
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:212
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:165
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:167
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170 builtin/show-ref.c:172
+msgid "show the HEAD reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:180
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:22
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
+"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:451
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:465
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:468
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:471
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:401
+msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:718
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:721
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:724
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:726
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:728
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:730
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:733
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:737
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
+msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:742
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:747
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:751
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:754
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:757
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:760
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:763
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:765
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:767
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:769
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:773
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:777
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:781
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:785
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:788
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:790
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:794
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:7
+msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:8
+msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:19
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:21
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:139
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:179
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:274
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:363
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:389
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:477
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:482
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:509
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:706
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:753
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:757
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:764
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:800
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:821
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:829
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:845
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:855
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:858
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:876
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:254
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:258
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:53
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:160
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:165
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:296
+msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:301
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:312
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:322
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:340
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:431 git-rebase.sh:435
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:440
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:463
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:483
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+#: git-rebase.sh:524
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:475
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:500
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:614
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:892
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:930
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:932
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
diff --git a/po/is.po b/po/is.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8692a8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/is.po
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+# Icelandic translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>, 2010.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2010-09-20 14:44+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2010-06-05 19:06 +0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason <avarab@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"Language: is\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:5
+msgid "See 'git help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr "Sjá 'git help SKIPUN' til að sjá hjálp fyrir tiltekna skipun."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:10
+msgid "TEST: A C test string"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: C tilraunastrengur"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:13
+#, c-format
+msgid "TEST: A C test string %s"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: C tilraunastrengur %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:16
+#, c-format
+msgid "TEST: Hello World!"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:19
+#, c-format
+msgid "TEST: Old English Runes"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: ᚻᛖ ᚳᚹᚫᚦ ᚦᚫᛏ ᚻᛖ ᛒᚢᛞᛖ ᚩᚾ ᚦᚫᛗ ᛚᚪᚾᛞᛖ ᚾᚩᚱᚦᚹᛖᚪᚱᛞᚢᛗ ᚹᛁᚦ ᚦᚪ ᚹᛖᛥᚫ"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.c:22
+#, c-format
+msgid "TEST: ‘single’ and “double” quotes"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: ‚einfaldar‘ og „tvöfaldar“ gæsalappir"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.sh:8
+msgid "TEST: A Shell test string"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: Skeljartilraunastrengur"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.sh:11
+#, sh-format
+msgid "TEST: A Shell test $variable"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: Skeljartilraunastrengur með breytunni $variable"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.perl:8
+msgid "TEST: A Perl test string"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+#: t/t0200/test.perl:11
+#, perl-format
+msgid "TEST: A Perl test variable %s"
+msgstr "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur með breytunni %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s Git lind í %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:356
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "Endurgerði"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:356
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Bjó til tóma"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " sameiginlega"
diff --git a/po/it.po b/po/it.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe61f1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/it.po
@@ -0,0 +1,5367 @@
+# Italian translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Marco Paolone <marcopaolone@gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-06-08 10:20+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-06-14 14:13+0200\n"
+"Last-Translator: Marco Paolone <marcopaolone@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Italian\n"
+"Language: it\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "suggerimento: %.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "header non riconosciuto: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:696
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile aprire '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:550 sequencer.c:982 builtin/log.c:289
+#: builtin/log.c:720 builtin/log.c:1309 builtin/log.c:1528 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:290
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:296 builtin/log.c:1205 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "argomento non riconosciuto: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "il ref '%s' è escluso dalle opzioni di rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:376
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:394
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:412
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile creare '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:437
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile analizzare %s"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s non è un commit!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "memoria esaurita"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile eseguire 'git-rev-list'"
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr "scrittura nella rev-list non riuscita: %s"
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "in futuro"
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu secondo fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu secondi fa"
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu un minuto fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu minuti fa"
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu ora fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu ore fa"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu giorno fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu giorni fa"
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu settimana fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu settimane fa"
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu mese fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu mesi fa"
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] "%lu anno"
+msgstr[1] "%lu anni"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %lu mese fa"
+msgstr[1] "%s, %lu mesi fa"
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu anno fa"
+msgstr[1] "%lu anni fa"
+
+#: diff.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr "  Parametro dirstat '%.*s' sconosciuto\n"
+
+#: diff.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Trovati errori nella variabile di configurazione 'diff.dirstat':\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:1400
+msgid " 0 files changed\n"
+msgstr " 0 file modificati\n"
+
+#: diff.c:1404
+#, c-format
+msgid " %d file changed"
+msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+msgstr[0] " %d file modificato"
+msgstr[1] " %d file modificati"
+
+#: diff.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+msgstr[0] ", %d inserzione(+)"
+msgstr[1] ", %d inserzioni(+)"
+
+#: diff.c:1432
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+msgstr[0] ". %d rimozione(-)"
+msgstr[1] ", %d rimozioni(-)"
+
+#: diff.c:3478
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Analisi del parametro dell'opzione --dirstat/-X non riuscita:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "non è stato possibile eseguire gpg."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr "gpg non ha accettato i dati"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg non è riuscito a firmare i dati"
+
+#: grep.c:1320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s': impossibile leggere %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s': %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "comandi git disponibili in '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:214
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "comandi git disponibili altrove nel tuo $PATH"
+
+#: help.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' sembra essere un comando git, ma non è stato\n"
+"possibile eseguirlo. Forse git-%s è corrotto?"
+
+#: help.c:327
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Oh oh. Il tuo sistema non riporta alcun comando Git."
+
+#: help.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr "automaticamente tra %0.1f secondi..."
+
+#: help.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: '%s' non è un comando git. Vedi 'git --help'."
+
+#: help.c:365
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Intendevi questo?"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Intendevi uno di questi?"
+
+#: parse-options.c:493
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:511
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "   uso: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:515
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "oppure: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:518
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: remote.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Il tuo branch è avanti rispetto a '%s' di %d commit.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Il tuo branch è avanti rispetto a '%s' di %d commit.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1635
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1643
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:121 builtin/merge.c:865 builtin/merge.c:978
+#: builtin/merge.c:1088 builtin/merge.c:1098
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile aprire '%s' per la scrittura"
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:868
+#: builtin/merge.c:1090 builtin/merge.c:1103
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile scrivere su '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:144
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"dopo aver risolto i conflitti, segna i path corretti\n"
+"con 'git add <path>' o 'git rm <path>'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:147
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"dopo aver risolto i conflitti, segna i path corretti\n"
+"con 'git add <path>' o 'git rm <path>' ed eseguire\n"
+"il commit del risultato con 'git commit'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:160 sequencer.c:758 sequencer.c:841
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile scrivere su %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:178
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr "Le tue modifiche locali verranno sovrascritte da cherry-pick"
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr "Le tue modifiche locali verranno sovrascritte da revert."
+
+#: sequencer.c:183
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: impossibile scrivere il nuovo index file"
+
+#: sequencer.c:261
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile risolvere il commit HEAD\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:282
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile analizzare il commit %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:395
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:398
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "Non hai un HEAD valido"
+
+#: sequencer.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "Il commit %s è un merge ma non è stata specificata l'opzione -m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:425
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile ottenere il messaggio di commit per %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:524
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile eseguire il revert di %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:525
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile applicare %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:553
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "è stato passato un set di commit vuoto"
+
+#: sequencer.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: lettura di index non riuscita"
+
+#: sequencer.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: aggiornamento di index non riuscito"
+
+#: sequencer.c:624
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile analizzare la riga %d."
+
+#: sequencer.c:651
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "Nessun commit analizzato."
+
+#: sequencer.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile aprire %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile leggere %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:703
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "Chiave non valida: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:706
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valore non valido per %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:739
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "è già in corso un'operazione di cherry-pick o di revert"
+
+#: sequencer.c:740
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "prova \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | -- abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:760 sequencer.c:845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:779 sequencer.c:913
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "nessuna operazione di cherry-pick o revert in corso"
+
+#: sequencer.c:781
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "impossibile risolvere HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:783
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:805 builtin/apply.c:3697
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:808
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:809
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "fine del file inattesa"
+
+#: sequencer.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:838
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:1000
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "Impossibile eseguire il revert come commit iniziale"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1001
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:864
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD non punta ad un branch"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nessun branch esistente: '%s'"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:869
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Nessun upstream configurato per il branch '%s'"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wrapper.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr "impossibile trovare l'utente corrente nel file passwd: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:414
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr "utente non esistente"
+
+#: wt-status.c:135
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:141 wt-status.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:143 wt-status.c:160
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:144
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git add/rm <file>...\" come appropriato per la risoluzione)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:152
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:170
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:174
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:176
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s files:"
+msgstr "%s file:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:208
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "bug"
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "entrambi eliminati:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:214
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "aggiunto da noi:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "eliminato da loro:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:216
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "aggiunto da loro:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:217
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "eliminato da noi:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:218
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "entrambi aggiunti:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:219
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "entrambi modificati:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "nuovi commit, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "contenuto modificato, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "nuovo file:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "copiato:     %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "eliminato:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "modificato:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "rinominato:    %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:282
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "sconosciuto:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:291
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:737
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "Sul branch "
+
+#: wt-status.c:744
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:755
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Commit iniziale"
+
+#: wt-status.c:769
+msgid "Untracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:771
+msgid "Ignored"
+msgstr "Ignorato"
+
+#: wt-status.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:775
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:781
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit%s\n"
+msgstr "nessuna modifica aggiunta al commit%s\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:787
+msgid " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")"
+msgstr " (usa \"git add\" e/o \"git commit -a\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:793 wt-status.c:796 wt-status.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:797
+msgid " (use -u to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:800
+msgid " (working directory clean)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (nessun branch)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:914
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Commit iniziale su "
+
+#: wt-status.c:929
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "indietro "
+
+#: wt-status.c:932 wt-status.c:935
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "avanti "
+
+#: wt-status.c:937
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ", indietro "
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "status diff %c inatteso"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:226
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "aggiornamento dei file non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "elimina '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Il path '%s' è nel sottomodulo '%.*s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:456 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' si trova oltre un link simbolico"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile leggere index"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile aprire '%s' per la scrittura."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile scrivere la patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile eseguire lo stat di '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Patch vuota. Operazione interrotta."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile applicare '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:312
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "I seguenti path sono stati ignorati da uno o più dei tuoi file .gitignore:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Usa -f se vuoi davvero aggiungerli.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "nessun file aggiunto"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:359
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "aggiunta dei file non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:391
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A e -u sono reciprocamente incompatibili"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:393
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "L'opzione --ignore-missing può essere usata solo con --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Forse intendevi dire 'git add .'?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:420 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:286 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:162
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "index file corrotto"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:476 builtin/apply.c:4108 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:260
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Impossibile scrivere il nuovo index file"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:53
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [opzioni] [<patch>...]"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec ha restituito %d per l'input: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "impossibile trovare il nome del file nella patch alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:937
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff errato - atteso /dev/null, ricevuto %s alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:941
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff errato - nuovo nome del file inconsistente alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff errato - vecchio nome del file inconsistente alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff errato - atteso /dev/nulla alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1394
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: riga inattesa: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1451
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "frammento di patch senza intestazione alla riga %d: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1468
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1628
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "il nuovo file dipende da contenuti precedenti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1630
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "il file eliminato ha ancora dei contenuti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1692
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "il nuovo file %s dipende da contenuti precedenti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1694
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "il file eliminato %s ha ancora dei contenuti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1697
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** attenzione: il file %s diventa vuoto ma non è eliminato"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1843
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "patch binaria corrotta alla riga %d: %.*s"
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1872
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "patch binaria non riconosciuta alla riga %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1958
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2048
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere il link simbolico %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2052
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire o leggere %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2123
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr "oops"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2645
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "inizio della riga non valido: '%c'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2775
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2781
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"durante la ricerca per:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2800
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "dati della patch binaria mancanti per '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2903
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "la patch binaria non può essere applicata a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2909
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "la patch binaria su '%s' crea risultati non corretti (atteso %s, ricevuto %s)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2930
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "patch non riuscita: %s:%ld"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3045
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "la patch %s è stata rinominata/eliminata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3052 builtin/apply.c:3069
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "lettura di %s non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3084
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "la rimozione della patch lascia contenuti del file"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3105
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: esiste già nella directory di lavoro"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3143
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
+msgstr "%s: è stata eliminata/rinominata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3148 builtin/apply.c:3179
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: non esiste in index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3173
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: non corrisponde a index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3190
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: tipo errato"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s ha il tipo %o, atteso %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3247
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: esiste già in index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3267
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3272
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3280
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: la patch non può essere applicata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3293
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Controllo della patch %s..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348 builtin/checkout.c:212 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry non riuscito per il path '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3491
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "impossibile rimuovere %s da index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3518
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr "patch corrotta per il sottoprogetto %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3522
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile eseguire lo stat del file appena creato '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3527
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3530
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "impossibile aggiungere la voce della cache per %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3563
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "chiusura del file '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3612
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere il file '%s' in modalità %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Patch %s applicata correttamente."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3676
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "errore interno"
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3679
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3689
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3710
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Frammento #%d applicato correttamente."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3713
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Frammento #%d respinto."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3844
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "input non riconosciuto"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3855
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere index file"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3970 builtin/apply.c:3973
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "path"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3971
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "non applica le modifiche corrispondenti al path specificato"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3974
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "applica le modifiche corrispondenti al path specificato"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "num"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3977
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3980
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignora le aggiunte create dalla patch"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3982
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "invece di applicare la patch, mostra l'output di diffstat per l'input"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3986
+msgid "shows number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "mostra il numero di righe aggiunte e eliminate in notazione decimale"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3988
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "invece di applicare la patch, mostra un riassunto per l'input"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3990
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "invece di applicare la patch, verifica se può essere applicata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3992
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "assicura che la patch sia applicabile all'attuale index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3994
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3996
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "applica anche la patch (da usare con --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3998
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4000
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "i path sono separati con un carattere NUL"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4003
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "assicura almeno <n> righe di contesto corrispondente"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4004
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "azione"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4005
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "rileva righe nuove o modificate che hanno errori di spazi bianchi"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4008 builtin/apply.c:4011
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4014
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "applica la patch in maniera inversa"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4016
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "lascia i frammenti respinti nei file .rej corrispondenti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4020
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "consente la sovrapposizione dei frammenti"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "dettagliato"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4023
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4026
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4028
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "radice"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4029
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "antepone <root> a tutti i nomi file"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4050
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index al di fuori di un repository"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4053
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached al di fuori di un repository"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4069
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire la patch '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4083
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4089 builtin/apply.c:4099
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d riga aggiunge errori di spazi bianchi."
+msgstr[1] "%d righe aggiungono errori di spazi bianchi."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile creare il file del repository '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile redirigere l'output"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: Remote non ha un URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive: atteso ACK/NAK, ricevuto EOF"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "errore remoto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: errore del protocollo"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: atteso un flush"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "impossibile usare -a con -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:186
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "il branch remoto '%s' non è stato trovato."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "branch '%s' non trovato."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:225
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Errore nella rimozione del branch remoto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Errore nella rimozione del branch '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Ramo remoto %s eliminato (era %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Ramo %s eliminato (era %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:239
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Aggiornamento del file di configurazione fallito"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr "il branch '%s' non punta ad un commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: dietro %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:411
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr "[dietro %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: avanti %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:417
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:535
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(nessun branch)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:613
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:623
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nome del branch non valido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:642
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "Ramo rinominato in %s, ma HEAD non è aggiornato!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:653
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+"Il branch è stato rinominato, ma l'aggiornamento del file di configurazione "
+"è fallito"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "nome dell'oggetto %s errato"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:692
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:783
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788 builtin/clone.c:558
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:808
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column e --verbose non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:857
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"le opzioni -a e -r per 'git branch' non hanno senso con il nome di un branch"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s è corretto\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:113 builtin/checkout.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "il path '%s' non ha la nostra versione"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:115 builtin/checkout.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "il path '%s' non ha la loro versione"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "il path '%s' non ha le versioni necessarie"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:234 builtin/checkout.c:392
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "file index corrotto"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:264 builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:302 builtin/checkout.c:498 builtin/clone.c:583
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere il nuovo file index"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:319 builtin/diff.c:302 builtin/merge.c:408
+msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+msgstr "diff_setup_done non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:414
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "è necessario risolvere prima l'attuale index"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:566
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD si trova ora a"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Ripristina il branch '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Si è già su '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Si è passati al branch '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:640
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... e %d altri.\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Se si vuole mantenerle creando un nuovo branch, questo potrebbe essere\n"
+"un buon momento per farlo con:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch nuovo_nome_branch %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:694
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:698
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "La precedente posizione di HEAD era"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:724
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:855
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "riferimento non valido: %s"
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:894
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:974
+msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+msgstr "-B non può essere usata con -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:983
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+msgstr "--patch non è compatibile con tutte le altre opzioni"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+msgstr "--detach non può essere usata con -b/-B/--orphan"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:988
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr "--detach non può essere usata con -t"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:994
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track necessita del nome di un branch"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1001
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Nome del branch mancante; prova con -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007
+msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1009
+msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr "--orphan non può essere usata con -t"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+msgstr "git checkout: -f e -m non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1053
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1063
+msgid "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1068
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach non prende un path come argomento"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1071
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1090
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1093
+msgid "--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr "--ours/--theirs non sono compatibili con il passaggio ai branch."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x e -X non possono essere usati insieme"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce è impostato a vero, ma né -n né -f sono state specificate; "
+"clean interrotto"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce è vero per default, ma né -n né -f sono state specificate; "
+"clean interrotto"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Rimozione di %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "rimozione di %s non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr "il repository di riferimento '%s' non è una directory locale."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "apertura di '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "creazione della directory '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:75
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "stat di '%s' non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s esiste e non è una directory"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "stat di %s non riuscito\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "rimozione del link '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "creazione del link '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "copia del file in '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "fatto.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile trovare il branch remoto %s da clonare."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:549
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"l'HEAD remoto si riferisce ad un ref inesistente, impossibile eseguire il "
+"checkout.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:639
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Troppi argomenti."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:643
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Devi specificare un repository da clonare."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "le opzioni --bare e --origin %s non sono compatibili."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "il repository '%s' non esiste"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:673
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr ""
+"il path di destinazione '%s' esiste già e non è una directory vuota."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:706 builtin/clone.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Clone nel repository spoglio '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "Non so come clonare %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "Il branch remoto %s non è stato trovato in upstream %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Sembra che tu abbia clonato un repository vuoto."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command deve essere il primo argomento"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:43
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Il tuo nome e l'indirizzo email sono stati configurati automaticamente usando\n"
+"il tuo nome utente ed il nome host. Per favore, verifica che siano esatti.\n"
+"È possibile eliminare questo messaggio impostandoli esplicitamente:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Tuo Nome\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email tu@esempio.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Dopo questa operazione, puoi ripristinare l'identità usata in questo commit con:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:55
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:60
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:253
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:295
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:301
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "add interattivo non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:334 builtin/commit.c:355 builtin/commit.c:405
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere il file new_index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:386
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "impossibile eseguire un commit parziale durante un merge."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:388
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "impossibile eseguire un commit parziale durante un cherry-pick."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:398
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:418
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:493 builtin/commit.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "commit non valido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:522
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "parametro --author malformato"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:620 builtin/commit.c:653 builtin/commit.c:967
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile trovare il commit %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:632 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(lettura del messaggio di log dallo standard input)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:634
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere il log dallo standard input"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere il file di log '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:644
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "il commit ha un messaggio vuoto"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:660
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:664
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:720
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile scrivere il modello di commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Sembra che si stia eseguendo il commit di un merge.\n"
+"Se l'operazione non è corretta, per favore elimina il file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"e riprova.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:736
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Sembra che si stia eseguendo il commit di un cherry-pick.\n"
+"Se l'operazione non è corretta, per favore rimuovi il file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"e riprova.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:748
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Per favore inserisci il messaggio di commit per le modifiche. Le righe\n"
+"che iniziano con '#' verranno ignorate, e un messaggio vuoto annulla il commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Per favore inserisci il messaggio di commit per le modifiche. Le\n"
+"righe che iniziano con '#' verranno mantenute; possono comunque essere\n"
+"rimosse manualmente. Un messaggio vuoto annulla il commit.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:766
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%sAutore:    %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%sCommitter: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:793
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "Impossibile leggere index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:830
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:845 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Per favore, specifica il messaggio usando l'opzione -m o -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:942
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr "Nessun autore esistente trovato con '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:957 builtin/commit.c:1157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:997
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "L'uso di entrambe le opzioni --reset-author e --author non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1008
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1011
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1016
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "Le opzioni --squash e --fixup non possono essere usate insieme"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1026
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Solo una delle opzioni -c/-C/-F/--fixup può essere usata."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1028
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "L'opzione -m non può essere combinata con -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1036
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "L'opzione --reset-author può essere usata solo con -C, -c o --amend."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1053
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"Può essere usata solo una delle opzioni --include/--only/--all/--"
+"interactive/--patch ."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1055
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "Devi specificare un path se usi --include/--only."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1059
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1069 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1074
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "I path con -a non hanno senso."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1257
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile trovare il commit appena creato"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1259
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile analizzare il commit appena creato"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1300
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1302
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (root-commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1446
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile analizzare il commit HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1484 builtin/merge.c:509
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile aprire '%s' per la lettura"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "File MERGE_HEAD corrotto (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1498
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1517
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile leggere il messaggio di commit: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Commit interrotto; il messaggio non è stato modificato.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1536
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Interruzione del commit a causa di un messaggio di commit vuoto.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1551 builtin/merge.c:936 builtin/merge.c:961
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "scrittura dell'oggetto di commit non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1572
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1576
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1587
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Il repository è stato aggiornato, ma non è stato possibile scrivere il file\n"
+"new_index. Verifica che l'unità disco non sia piena o che la quota non sia\n"
+"stata superata, ed esegui \"git reset HEAD\" per il ripristino."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "il tag '%s' è davvero '%s' qui"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Non è il nome di un oggetto valido %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr "%s non è un oggetto '%s' valido"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "nessun tag corrisponde esattamente a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Nessun tag può descrivere '%s'.\n"
+"Prova con --always, o crea dei tag."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long non è compatibile con --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "'%s': non è un file regolare o un link simbolico"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "opzione non valida: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:297
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "Non è un repository git"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "oggetto non valido '%s' specificato."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "più di due blob specificati: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "oggetto non gestito '%s' specificato."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:200
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "oggetto %s non trovato"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[aggiornato]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[respinto]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[tag aggiornata]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr "  (impossibile aggiornare il ref locale)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[nuova tag]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[nuovo branch]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[nuovo ref]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "impossibile aggiornare il ref locale"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "aggiornamento forzato"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire %s: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s non ha inviato tutti gli oggetti necessari\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Da %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"non è stato possibile aggiornare alcuni ref locali; prova con\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' per rimuovere ogni branch che vada in conflitto"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[eliminato]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(nessuno)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "L'opzione \"%s\" è ignorata per %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:888
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:890 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:907
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Nessun repository remoto specificato. Per favore, specifica un URL o\n"
+"il nome di un remote da cui prelevare nuove revisioni."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:927
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Devi specificare il nome di un tag."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:979
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all non richiede il repository come argomento"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:992
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1000
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s non valido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:221
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:251
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: creazione del thread non riuscita: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:478 builtin/grep.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere il tree (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "switch '%c' richiede un valore numerico"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:885
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "nessun modello specificato."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:899
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr "oggetto %s errato"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:940
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:963
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached o --untracked non può essere usato con --no-index."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:968
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr "--no-index o --untracked non possono essere usate con le revisioni."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:971
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:979
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:59
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "formato di aiuto '%s' non riconosciuto"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:87
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Esecuzione di emacsclient non riuscita."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:100
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Verifica della versione di emacsclient non riuscita."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "la versione '%d' di emacsclient è troppo vecchia (<22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:126 builtin/help.c:154 builtin/help.c:163 builtin/help.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr "esecuzione di '%s' non riuscita: %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': path ad un visualizzatore man pages non supportato.\n"
+"Usa invece 'man.<tool>.cmd'."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': comando per visualizzatore man pages supportato.\n"
+"Per favore usa 'man.<tool>.path' invece."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:287
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "I comandi git usati più di frequente sono:"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "'%s': visualizzatore man sconosciuto."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:372
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "nessun visualizzatore man ha gestito la richiesta"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:380
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "nessun visualizzatore info ha gestito la richiesta"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:391
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
+msgstr "'%s': non è una directory della documentazione."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:432 builtin/help.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "uso: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "'git %s è un alias di '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:169
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:189
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:236
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "EOF prematuro"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "errore di lettura in input"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:249
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "usati più byte di quelli disponibili"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:256
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "pack troppo largo per la definizione corrente di off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile creare '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:277
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile aprire il file pack '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:291
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "la firma del pack non coincide"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:405
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:450
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:458
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:466
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "tipo di oggetto %d sconosciuto"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:495
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:510
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "non è possibile leggere l'oggetto %s esistente"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "TROVATA COLLISIONE SHA1 CON %s !"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:598
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "oggetto blob %s non valido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:610
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "%s non valido"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:612
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "Errore nell'oggetto"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:614
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "Non tutti gli oggetti figlio di %s sono raggiungibili"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:687 builtin/index-pack.c:713
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "applicazione del delta non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:850
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Ricezione degli oggetti"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:850
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Indicizzazione degli oggetti"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:872
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "il pack è corrotto (SHA1 non corrisponde)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:877
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:880
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:903
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Risoluzione dei delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:954
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "confusione al di là della follia"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "pack ha %d delta irrisolto"
+msgstr[1] "pack ha %d delta irrisolti"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1077
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "l'oggetto locale %s è corrotto"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1101
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "errore nella chiusura del file pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1114
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere il file keep '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1122
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1135
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "impossibile archiviare il file pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1146
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "impossibile archiviare index file"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "Impossibile aprire il file pack '%s' esistente"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1249
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1296
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "non delta: %d oggetto"
+msgstr[1] "non delta: %d oggetti"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1303
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "lunghezza della catena = %d: %lu oggetto"
+msgstr[1] "lunghezza della catena = %d: %lu oggetti"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1330
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1374 builtin/index-pack.c:1377
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1389 builtin/index-pack.c:1393
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "%s errato"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1407
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin non può essere usato senza --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1411 builtin/index-pack.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "il nome del file pack '%s' non termina con '.pack'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1430
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify senza un nome del file pack specificato"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Non è stato possible rendere %s scrivibile dal gruppo"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile eseguire lo stat di '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:322 builtin/init-db.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s esiste già"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "impossibile gestire il tipo di file %d"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "impossibile spostare %s in %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile creare il link git %s"
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s repository Git in %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "Reinizializzato un esistente"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Inizializzato un"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " condiviso"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:440
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:521 builtin/init-db.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (o --work-tree=<directory>) non consentito senza specificare %s (o --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:578
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr "Impossibile accedere alla directory di lavoro corrente"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "Output finale: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:401 builtin/log.c:489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile leggere l'oggetto %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:513
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Tipo sconosciuto: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:602
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers non ha alcun valore"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:676
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "il nome della directory di output è troppo lungo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "Impossibile aprire il file patch %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:701
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:709
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:786
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:859
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:932
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Due directory di output?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1153
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1198
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1200
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1208
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1210
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1212
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1235
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "standard output, o directory, quale dei due?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1237
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile creare la directory '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1390
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Creazione dei file di output non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1510 builtin/log.c:1512 builtin/log.c:1524
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Commit %s sconosciuto"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "lo switch 'm' richiede un valore"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile trovare la strategia di merge '%s'.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "Le strategie disponibili sono:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Le strategie personalizzate disponibili sono:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "non è stato possibile eseguire stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "esecuzione di stash non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "non è un oggetto valido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "read-tree non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Scrittura di SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Completamento di SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Nessun messaggio di merge -- HEAD non viene aggiornato\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' non punta ad un commit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "Stringa branch.%s.mergeoptions errata: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:629
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:679
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "lettura della cache non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:697
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Impossibile scrivere index."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:710
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "Opzione per merge-recursive sconosciuta: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:738
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "non è possibile scrivere %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:877
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile leggere da '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:892
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:916
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Messaggio di commit vuoto."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:928
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Splendido.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Merge automatico fallito; risolvi i conflitti ed eseguire il commit\n"
+"del risultato.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' non è un commit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1050
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "Nessun branch corrente."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1052
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "Nessun remote per il branch corrente."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1054
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "Nessun upstream di default definito per il branch corrente."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1146 builtin/merge.c:1303
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - non è qualcosa per cui possiamo eseguire il merge"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1214
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Non c'è nessun merge da interrompere (manca MERGE_HEAD)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1230 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Il merge non è stato concluso (esiste MERGE_HEAD).\n"
+"Per favore, esegui il commit delle modifiche prima del merge."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1233 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Il merge non è stato concluso (esiste MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1237
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Il cherry-pick non è stato concluso (esiste CHERRY_PICK_HEAD).\n"
+"Per favore, esegui il commit delle modifiche prima del merge."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1240
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Il tuo cherry-pick non è stato concluso (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD esiste)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1249
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "Impossibile combinare --squash con --no-off."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr "Impossibile combinare --no-ff con --ff-only."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1261
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "Nessun commit specificato e merge.defaultToUpstream non definito."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1296
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Aggiornamento di %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1451
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1458
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "No.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1490
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "Fast-forward non possibile, stop."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1513 builtin/merge.c:1592
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1517
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Tentativo con la strategia di merge %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1583
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Nessuna strategia di merge ha gestito il merge.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Merge con la strategia %s fallito.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1606
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Il merge automatico è andato a buon fine; fermato prima del commit come "
+"richiesto\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "non è possibile spostare la directory in sé stessa"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "non è possibile spostare la directory su un file"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr "Eh? %.*s si trova in index?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "la directory sorgente è vuota"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "non è sotto controllo di versione"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "la destinazione esiste"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "sovrascrittura di %s in corso"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "Impossibile sovrascrivere"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "fonti multiple per la stessa destinazione"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, sorgente=%s, destinazione=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Rinominazione di %s in %s in corso\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "rinomina di '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile avviare 'show' per l'oggetto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:145
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile creare il file '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:189
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "Per favore specifica il contenuto delle note usando le opzioni -m o -F"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:210 builtin/notes.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Rimozione della nota per l'oggetto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:215
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere l'oggetto nota"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr "Il contenuto della nota è stato lasciato in %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:251 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "impossibile leggere '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:253 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile aprire o leggere '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:272 builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:447
+#: builtin/notes.c:507 builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/notes.c:644
+#: builtin/notes.c:649 builtin/notes.c:724 builtin/notes.c:766
+#: builtin/notes.c:968 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "Lettura dell'oggetto '%s' non riuscita."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:299
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valore di notes.rewriteMode errato: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Impossibile riscrivere le note in %s (al di fuori di refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Valore di %s errato: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Riga di input malformata: '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Copia delle note da '%s' a '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:500 builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/notes.c:627
+#: builtin/notes.c:639 builtin/notes.c:712 builtin/notes.c:759
+#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "troppi parametri"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "Nessuna nota trovata per l'oggetto %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:585 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Sovrascrittura delle note esistenti per l'oggetto %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:635
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "troppi pochi parametri"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Impossibile copiare le note. Trovate note esistenti per l'oggetto %s. Usa "
+"'-f' per sovrascrivere le note esistenti"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "Note mancanti per l'oggetto sorgente %s. Impossibile copiare."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Le opzioni -m/-F/-c/-C per il sottocomando 'edit' sono deprecate.\n"
+"Per favore usa 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' invece.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "L'oggetto %s non ha note.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1103 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Sottocomando sconosciuto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2337
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "versione %s di index non supportata"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2341
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "versione '%s' di index errata"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2364
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "l'opzione %s non accetta forme negative"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2368
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr "impossibile analizzare il valore '%s' per l'opzione %s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete accetta solo nomi dei ref di destinazione in chiaro"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Il branch corrente %s non ha alcun branch upstream.\n"
+"Per eseguire il push del branch corrente ed impostare remote come upstream, usa\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "Il branch corrente %s ha branch multipli in upstream; push non eseguito."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:174
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Non è stato specificato alcun refspec per il push, e push.default è \"nothing\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:181
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:187
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration\n"
+"variable to 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:193
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "repository '%s' errato"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:270
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nessuna destinazione per il push configurata.\n"
+"Specifica un URL dalla riga di comando oppure configurare un repository "
+"remoto usando\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <nome> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"e poi eseguire il push usando il nome del remote\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <nome>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:285
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all e --tags non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:286
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:291
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror e --tags non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:292
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:297
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all e --mirror non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:385
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete non è compatibile con --all, --mirror e --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete non ha senso senza alcun ref"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Aggiornamento di %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror è pericoloso e deprecato; per favore\n"
+"\t usa invece --mirror-fetch o --mirror-push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "argomento di mirror sconosciuto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "specificare un branch master con --mirror non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "il remoto %s esiste già."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s' non è un nome di remoto valido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile configurare il master '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "più di un %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(corrispondente)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(elimina)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile aggiungere '%s' a '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "Remote non esistente: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile rinominare la sezione di configurazione da '%s' in '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile rimuovere la sezione di configurazione '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile impostare '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "eliminazione di '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "creazione di '%s' non riuscita"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile rimuovere il branch %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Nota: un branch al di fuori della gerarchia refs/remotes/ non è stato "
+"eliminato;\n"
+"per eliminarlo, usare:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Nota: alcuni branch al di fuori della gerarchia refs/remotes/ non sono stati "
+"eliminati;\n"
+"per eliminarli, usare:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " vecchio (usare 'git remote prune' per rimuoverlo)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr "???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr ""
+"branch.%s.merge non valido; impossibile eseguire il rebase su > 1 branch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " merge con il remote %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    e con il remote"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "merge con il remote %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "crea"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "elimina"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "aggiornato"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "locale non aggiornato"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s esegue il push su %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* remote %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(nessun URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  branch HEAD: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  branch HEAD (l'HEAD remoto è ambiguo, potrebbe essere uno dei seguenti):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  Branch remoto:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Branch remoti:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Branch locale configurato per 'git pull':"
+msgstr[1] "  Branch locali configurati per 'git pull':"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Ref locale configurato per 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Ref locali configurati per 'git push'%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "Impossibile determinare l'HEAD remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile eliminare %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "Non è un ref valido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile configurare %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Remote '%s' non esistente"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "nessun remote specificato"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete non ha senso"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "Nessuna URL trovata: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile scrivere il nuovo index file."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD ora si trova a %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile leggere index"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "Impossibile eseguire un %s reset nel corso di un merge."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:297
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Non è stato possibile analizzare l'oggetto '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch non è compatibile con --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:311
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr "--mixed con i path è deprecata; usa invece 'git reset -- <path>'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "%s reset non è consentito in un repository spoglio"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Non è stato possibile ripristinare index file "
+"alla revisione '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s non può essere usata con %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:131
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "errore del programma"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:221
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "revert non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:236
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "cherry-pick non riuscito"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' contiene delle modifiche locali\n"
+"(usa --cached per mantenere il file, o -f per forzare la rimozione)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: non è possibile eliminare %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "Autore mancante: %s"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr "nome tag troppo lungo: %.*s..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "tag '%s' non trovato."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Tag '%s' eliminato (era %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr "non è stato possibile verificare il tag '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Scrivere un messaggio associato al tag\n"
+"# Le righe che iniziano con '#' verranno ignorate.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Scrivere un messaggio associato al tag\n"
+"# Le righe che iniziano con '#' verranno mantenute; possono essere comunque "
+"rimosse manualmente.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "impossibile firmare il tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "impossibile scrivere il file di tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "tipo di oggetto errato."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr "intestazione del tag troppo grande."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "nessun messaggio per il tag?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "Il messaggio del tag è stato lasciato in %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr "lo switch 'points-at' richiede un oggetto"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "nome oggetto '%s' malformato"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column e -n non sono compatibili"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "l'opzione -n è consentita solo con -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "l'opzione --contains è consentita solo con -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "l'opzione --points-at è consentita solo con -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "è consentita una sola opzione tra -F e -m."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "troppi parametri"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "'%s' non è un nome tag valido."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "il tag '%s' esiste già"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr "%s: impossibile riservare il ref"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr "%s: impossibile aggiornare il ref"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Tag '%s' aggiornato (era %s)\n"
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+"Vedi 'git help <comando> per maggiori informazioni su un comando "
+"specifico."
+
+#: parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "tempo"
+
+#: parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "file"
+
+#: parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "quando"
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "più dettagliato"
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "meno dettagliato"
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "usare <n> cifre per mostrare gli hash SHA-1"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Aggiunge il contenuto del file a index"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Cerca mediante ricerca binaria la modifica che ha introdotto un bug"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Elenca, crea o elimina branch"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Clona un repository in una nuova directory"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Registra modifiche nel repository"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Scarica oggetti e ref da un altro repository"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Stampa le righe corrispondenti ad un modello"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Crea un repository git vuoto o reinizializza uno esistente"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Mostra log del commit"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Unisce due o più cronologie di sviluppo"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Sposta o rinomina un file, una directory o un link simbolico"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Combina fetche + merge da un altro repository o un branch locale"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Aggiorna i ref remoti insieme agli oggetti associati"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Ripristina l'HEAD corrente allo stato specificato"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Mostra vari tipi di oggetti"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Crea, elenca, elimina o verifica un oggetto tag firmato con GPG"
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "È necessario impostare le informazioni sul committer"
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Quando hai risolto il problema esegui \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"Se vuoi saltare questa patch, esegui invece \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"Per ripristinare il branch originale e interrompere l'applicazione delle "
+"patch esegui \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"La tua patch è stata modificata manualmente?\n"
+"Non può essere applicata ai blob registrati nel proprio index."
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:275
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Può essere applicata solo una serie di patch StGIT per volta"
+
+#: git-am.sh:362
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr "Il formato patch $patch_format non è supportato."
+
+#: git-am.sh:364
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Rilevamento del formato della patch non riuscito."
+
+#: git-am.sh:418
+msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+msgstr "l'opzione -d non è più supportata.  Non utilizzarla."
+
+#: git-am.sh:481
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:486
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr "Per favore, deciditi. --skip o --abort?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:513
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:579
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:671
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:708
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr "La patch non contiene un indirizzo email valido."
+
+#: git-am.sh:755
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:759
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:766
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr "Applicare? sì[y]/no[n]/modifica[e]/visualizza patch[v]/accetta tutto[a] "
+
+#: git-am.sh:802
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:823
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:831
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:847
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica -- patch già applicata."
+
+#: git-am.sh:857
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Patch non riuscita a $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:873
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Devi iniziare con \"git bisect start\""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Vuoi che me ne occupi io [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "opzione non riconosciuta: '$arg'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "'$arg' non sembra essere una revisione valida"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Checkout di '$start_head' non riuscito. Prova 'git bisect reset "
+"<branch-valido>'."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "HEAD errato - strano ref simbolico"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Argomento bisect_write errato: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr "Per favore, chiama 'bisect_state' con almeno un argomento."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect bad' può prendere un solo argomento."
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Sei sicuro? [Y/n] "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Devi specificare almeno una revisione corretta ed una errata.\n"
+"(Puoi usare \"git bisect bad\" e \"git bisect good\" per questo scopo.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Non stiamo eseguendo un bisect."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid' non è un commit valido"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Nessun file di log specificato"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? di cosa si sta parlando?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "sto eseguendo $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"bisect run non riuscito:\n"
+"il codice di uscita $res da '$command' è < 0 oppure >= 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "bisect run non può più proseguire"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"bisect run non riuscito:\n"
+"bisect_state $state è uscito con il codice di errore $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "bisect run eseguito con successo"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Il pull non è possibile perché ci sono file di cui non è stato eseguito il "
+"merge."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:228
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr "Impossibile eseguire il merge di branch multipli in un head vuoto"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:257
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "Impossibile eseguire il rebase su branch multipli"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash clear con parametri non è implementato"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Non hai ancora un commit iniziale"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "Impossibile salvare lo stato corrente di index"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica selezionata"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"errore: opzione sconosciuta per 'stash save': $option\n"
+"        Per aggiungere un messaggio, usare git stash save -- '$option'"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "Nessuna modifica locale da salvare"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "Impossibile inizializzare stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "Impossibile salvare lo stato attuale"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "Nessuno stash trovato."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "Troppe revisioni specificate: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference non è un riferimento valido"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "'$args' non è un commit di tipo stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "'$args' non è un referimento a uno stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "impossibile aggiornare index"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "Impossibile applicare uno stash nel mezzo di un merge"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Ci sono conflitti in index. Prova senza --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:474
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:491
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "${REV} eliminata ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: non è stato possibile rimuovere la voce di stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:499
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "Nome del branch non specificato"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:570
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(Per ripristinarli digita \"git stash apply\")"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:56
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:109
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:150
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:160
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "repo URL: '$repo' deve essere assoluto o iniziare con ./|../"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:266
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' esiste già in index"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:270
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"Il seguente path è ignorato da uno dei tuoi file .gitignore:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Usa -f se vuoi davvero aggiungerlo."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' esiste già e non è un repository git valido"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:297
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:302
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:307
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+"Interruzione a '$sm_path'; lo script ha restituito uno stato diverso da zero."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:406
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:415
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:417
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:425
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:524
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:537
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:556
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:570
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:571
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:576
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:577
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:582
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:583
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:605 git-submodule.sh:928
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:713
+msgid "--cached cannot be used with --files"
+msgstr "--cached non può essere usata con --files"
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:753
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "modalità $mod_dst inattesa"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:771
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Attenzione: $name non contiene commit $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:774
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Attenzione: $name non contiene commit $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:777
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Attenzione: $name non contiene commit $sha1_src e $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:802
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "sottomodulo"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:840
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:842
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:974
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#~ msgid "--"
+#~ msgstr "--"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Non è stato possibile estrarre l'indirizzo email dall'identità del "
+#~ "committer."
diff --git a/po/nl.po b/po/nl.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e1399e2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/nl.po
@@ -0,0 +1,3493 @@
+# Dutch translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Vincent van Ravesteijn <vfr@lyx.org>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Vincent van Ravesteijn <vfr@lyx.org>, 2012.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-02-28 09:17+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-03-07 12:02+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Vincent van Ravesteijn <vfr@lyx.org>\n"
+"Language-Team: Dutch\n"
+"Language: nl\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ASCII\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:34
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:64
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:49
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:104
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:1331
+msgid " 0 files changed\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:1335
+#, c-format
+msgid " %d file changed"
+msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:1352
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:1363
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:3364
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1285
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1302
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1313
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: remote.c:1607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1621
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:120 builtin/merge.c:862 builtin/merge.c:983
+#: builtin/merge.c:1093 builtin/merge.c:1103
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:122 builtin/merge.c:334 builtin/merge.c:865
+#: builtin/merge.c:1095 builtin/merge.c:1108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:142
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:154 sequencer.c:680 sequencer.c:763
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:172
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:174
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:177
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:293
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:296
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:311
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:323
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:334
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:338
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:422
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:445 sequencer.c:904 builtin/log.c:286 builtin/log.c:709
+#: builtin/log.c:1325 builtin/log.c:1544 builtin/merge.c:348
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:448
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:461
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:546
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:590
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:597
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:628
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:640
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:661
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:662
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:666
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:682 sequencer.c:767
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:701 sequencer.c:835
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:703
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:705
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:727
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:731
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:737
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:922
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:923
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:134
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:140 wt-status.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:142 wt-status.c:159
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:143
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:151
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:169
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:175
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:176
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:178
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s files:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:207
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:214
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:216
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:217
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:218
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:248
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:266
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:281
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:290
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:713
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:720
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:731
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:745
+msgid "Untracked"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:747
+msgid "Ignored"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:751
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:757
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:761
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:763
+msgid " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:765
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:767
+msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:769 wt-status.c:772 wt-status.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:770
+msgid " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:773
+msgid " (use -u to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:776
+msgid " (working directory clean)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:884
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:890
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:905
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:908 wt-status.c:911
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:913
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:298
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:456 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:312
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:359
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:391
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:393
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:420 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:358 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:162
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:476 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:260
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:137
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: This is "remote " in "remote branch '%s' not found"
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+msgid "remote "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:171
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:177
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sbranch '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:200
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting %sbranch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:219
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted %sbranch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:224
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:394
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:396
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:398
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:501
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:562
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:575
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:600
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:604
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:608
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:630
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:742
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:747 builtin/clone.c:558
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:805
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:113 builtin/checkout.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:115 builtin/checkout.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:234 builtin/checkout.c:392
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:264 builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:302 builtin/checkout.c:498 builtin/clone.c:583
+#: builtin/merge.c:809
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:319 builtin/diff.c:298 builtin/merge.c:406
+msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:414
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:565
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:572
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:575
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:579
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:581
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:645
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:663
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:692
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:696
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:722
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:972
+msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:981
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:984
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:992
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:999
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1005
+msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1007
+msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1051
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1061
+msgid "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1066
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1069
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1088
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1091
+msgid "--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:75
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:549
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:639
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:643
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:673
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:706 builtin/clone.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:42
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:54
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:59
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:205 builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:208
+msgid "cherry-pick"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:325
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:367
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:373
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:406 builtin/commit.c:427 builtin/commit.c:473
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:457
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:466
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:486
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:550 builtin/commit.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:579
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:635
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:670 builtin/commit.c:703 builtin/commit.c:1000
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:682 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:684
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:688
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:694
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:710
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:714
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:746
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:770
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:783
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a %s.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:796
+msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:799
+msgid ""
+" Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:804
+msgid ""
+" Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:816
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:843
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:880
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:895 builtin/tag.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:975
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:990 builtin/commit.c:1182
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1030
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1041
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1043
+#, c-format
+msgid "You are in the middle of a %s -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1045
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1055
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1057
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1063
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1080
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1082
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1084
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1086
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1096 builtin/tag.c:556
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1101
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1280
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1282
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1323
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1325
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1415
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1452 builtin/merge.c:507
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1466
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1485
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1499
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1514 builtin/merge.c:933 builtin/merge.c:966
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1535
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1550
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:293
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:200
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:252
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:258
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:272
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273 builtin/fetch.c:351
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:284
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:286 builtin/fetch.c:313 builtin/fetch.c:331
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:298
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:302
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:347
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:347
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:353
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:384 builtin/fetch.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:490
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:541
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:548
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:666
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:777
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:780
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:879
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:881
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:898
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:918
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:970
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:972
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:983
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:991
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:78
+msgid "Too many options specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:103
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:256
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:478 builtin/grep.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:903
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:944
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:967
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:972
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:975
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:983
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:322 builtin/init-db.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:440
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:521 builtin/init-db.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:578
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:185
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:393 builtin/log.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:592
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:665
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:690
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:698
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:735
+msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:781
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:875
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:948
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1169
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1214
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1216
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1221 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1224
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1226
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1228
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1251
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1253
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1406
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1510
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1526 builtin/log.c:1528 builtin/log.c:1540
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:91
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:129
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:241
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:246
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:270 builtin/merge.c:287
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:317
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:330
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:362
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:364
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:627
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:677
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:694
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:707
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:735
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:874
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:883
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:889
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:913
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1014
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1055
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1057
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1059
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1186
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1202 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1205 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1209
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1212
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1221
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1226
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1233
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1264
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1267
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1269
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1273 builtin/merge.c:1317
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1383
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1428
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1460
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1483 builtin/merge.c:1560
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1551
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1553
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1562
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:145
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:189
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:210 builtin/notes.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:215
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:251 builtin/tag.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:253 builtin/tag.c:524
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:272 builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:447
+#: builtin/notes.c:507 builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/notes.c:644
+#: builtin/notes.c:649 builtin/notes.c:724 builtin/notes.c:766
+#: builtin/notes.c:968 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:537
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:299
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:500 builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/notes.c:627
+#: builtin/notes.c:639 builtin/notes.c:712 builtin/notes.c:759
+#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:585 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:635
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1103
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2310
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2314
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2322
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2326
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:44
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:63
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:88
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:111
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:143
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected\n"
+"Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.  See the\n"
+"'Note about fast-forwards' section of 'git push --help' for details.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:160
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:161
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:176
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:177
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:182
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:183
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:188
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:274
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:276
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:297
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:311
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:91
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:209
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:224
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:58
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:205
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:225
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:247
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:254
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:294
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:296
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:321
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:334
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:366
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:372
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:421
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:423
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:502
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:504
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:514
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:534
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:540
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:563
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:565
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:567
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:49
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:135
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:144
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:153
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:265
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:352
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:354
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:406
+msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:469
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:474
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:501
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:567
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:743
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:754
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:790
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:835
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:861
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:257
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:491
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:499
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:570
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:56
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:108
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:173
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$path' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:247
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:264
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:281
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:295
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:300
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:305
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:347
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:401
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:410
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:418
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:519
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:551
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:565
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:566
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:571
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:572
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:577
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:578
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:600 git-submodule.sh:923
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:708
+msgid "--"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:766
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:769
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:772
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:797
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:798
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:969
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgstr ""
diff --git a/po/pt_PT.po b/po/pt_PT.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..517ec29
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/pt_PT.po
@@ -0,0 +1,4980 @@
+# Portuguese translations for Git package.
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Contributers:
+#   - Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-05-08 16:06+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-05-14 21:17+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Marco Sousa <marcomsousa AT gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Portuguese\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Language: pt\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "dica: %.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "cabeçalho não reconhecido: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel abrir '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:164
+#: sequencer.c:533
+#: sequencer.c:965
+#: builtin/log.c:289
+#: builtin/log.c:719
+#: builtin/log.c:1335
+#: builtin/log.c:1554
+#: builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: bundle.c:290
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list morreu"
+
+#: bundle.c:296
+#: builtin/log.c:1231
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento não reconhecido: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:376
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:394
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "Não foi possível pawn pack-objects"
+
+#: bundle.c:412
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "não consegue crear '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:437
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: commit.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "não consigo parsear %s"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s não é um commit!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406
+#: compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "memória esgotada"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível executar 'git rev-list'"
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: date.c:154
+#: date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: diff.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: diff.c:1400
+msgid " 0 files changed\n"
+msgstr " 0 ficheros modificados\n"
+
+#: diff.c:1404
+#, c-format
+msgid " %d file changed"
+msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+msgstr[0] " %d ficheiro modificado"
+msgstr[1] " %d ficheiros modificados"
+
+#: diff.c:1421
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+msgstr[0] ", %d adição(+)"
+msgstr[1] ", %d adições(+)"
+
+#: diff.c:1432
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+msgstr[0] ", %d eliminado(-)"
+msgstr[1] ", %d eliminados(-)"
+
+#: diff.c:3478
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "não consegue ejecutar gpg."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1280
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: grep.c:1297
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s': %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1308
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:214
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:327
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: help.c:365
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "A sua rama está à frente de '%s' pelo commit %d.\n"
+msgstr[1] "A sua rama está à frente de '%s' pelos commites %d.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1613
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: remote.c:1621
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:121
+#: builtin/merge.c:865
+#: builtin/merge.c:978
+#: builtin/merge.c:1088
+#: builtin/merge.c:1098
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:123
+#: builtin/merge.c:333
+#: builtin/merge.c:868
+#: builtin/merge.c:1090
+#: builtin/merge.c:1103
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível escrever para '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:144
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:147
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:160
+#: sequencer.c:741
+#: sequencer.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível gravar para %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:178
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:183
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:261
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:282
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:323
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Não foi possível analisar commit %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:328
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Não foi possível analisar commit parent %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:358
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "O seu ficheiro de índice é não fundido."
+
+#: sequencer.c:361
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "Você não tem uma HEAD válida"
+
+#: sequencer.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:384
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:388
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:399
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:403
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Não é possível obter mensagem commit para %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:491
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:492
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:536
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "passado commit com o set vazio"
+
+#: sequencer.c:544
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s durante um %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "Não foi possível parsear linha %d."
+
+#: sequencer.c:634
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "Nenhum commit parseado."
+
+#: sequencer.c:647
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:651
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:689
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Valor inválido para %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:701
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:722
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:723
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:727
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:743
+#: sequencer.c:828
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:762
+#: sequencer.c:896
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:764
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:766
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:788
+#: builtin/apply.c:3682
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível abrir %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:791
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:792
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:798
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr "Não foi possível formatear %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:983
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sequencer.c:984
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:864
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Não existe rama '%s'"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:869
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:135
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "caminhos não fundidos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:141
+#: wt-status.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:143
+#: wt-status.c:160
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:144
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" para marcar como resolvido)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:152
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Mudanças a serem commitadas"
+
+#: wt-status.c:170
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:174
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git add <ficheiro>...\" para actualizar o que vai ser commitado)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:176
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  (usa \"git add/rm <ficheiro>...\" para actualizar o que vai ser commitado)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s files:"
+msgstr "%s ficheros:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:208
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "erro"
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "eliminados em ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:214
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "adicionado por nós:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "eliminados por eles:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:216
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "adicionados por eles:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:217
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "eliminados por nós:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:218
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "adicionados em ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:219
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "modificados em ambos:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "novos commits, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "conteúdo modificado, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "conteúdo não seguido"
+
+#: wt-status.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "novo ficheiro:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "copiado:     %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "eliminado:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:276
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "modificado:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:279
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "mudado de nome:    %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:282
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "desconhecido:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:288
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr "não fundidos:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:291
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:737
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "Na rama"
+
+#: wt-status.c:744
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Não está em nenhuma rama."
+
+#: wt-status.c:755
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Commit inicial"
+
+#: wt-status.c:769
+msgid "Untracked"
+msgstr "Não seguido"
+
+#: wt-status.c:771
+msgid "Ignored"
+msgstr "Ignorado"
+
+#: wt-status.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:775
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:781
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Sem mudanças"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit%s\n"
+msgstr "nenhuma alteração adicionado ao commit%s\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:787
+msgid " (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")"
+msgstr " (usa \"git add\" e/ou \"git commit -a\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr " (usa \"git add\" para seguir)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:793
+#: wt-status.c:796
+#: wt-status.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit%s\n"
+msgstr "nada para fazer commit%s\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid " (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:797
+msgid " (use -u to show untracked files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: wt-status.c:800
+msgid " (working directory clean)"
+msgstr " (directório de trabalho vacio)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (Não é rama)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:914
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Commit inicial em "
+
+#: wt-status.c:929
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "atrás "
+
+#: wt-status.c:932
+#: wt-status.c:935
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "a frente "
+
+#: wt-status.c:937
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ", atrás "
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67
+#: builtin/commit.c:282
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "Falou a atualização dos ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "eliminar '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195
+#: builtin/add.c:456
+#: builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler o indíce"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir '%s' para escrever."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Não consegue escrever patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Patch vazio. Aborted."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível aplicar o '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:312
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "nenhum ficheiros adicionado"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:359
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "falhou a adicionar ficheiros"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:391
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:393
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:420
+#: builtin/clean.c:95
+#: builtin/commit.c:342
+#: builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:162
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "ficheiro index corrupto"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:476
+#: builtin/apply.c:4093
+#: builtin/mv.c:229
+#: builtin/rm.c:260
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "espaço em braco não reconhecido: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:937
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent %s filename on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:944
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1387
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1444
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural "git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1621
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1623
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1649
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1685
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1687
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1690
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1836
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1865
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1951
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2041
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2045
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir o ler %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2116
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2638
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "começo de linha inválido: '%c'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2756
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2768
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2774
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2793
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2896
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2902
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2923
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3038
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3045
+#: builtin/apply.c:3062
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "ler %s falhou"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3077
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3098
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: já existe no espaço de trabalho"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3136
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3141
+#: builtin/apply.c:3172
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3152
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3166
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: não tem correspondencia ao index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3183
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3185
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3240
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: já existe no indíce"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3259
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)%s%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3265
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3333
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#: builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3476
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3503
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3507
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel 'stat' o novo ficheiro creado '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3512
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3515
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "fechar fichero '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3597
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3653
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3661
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3664
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3674
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3695
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3698
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3829
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "entrada não reconhecida"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "Não foi possível ler o fichero indíce"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4035
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index fora de um repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4038
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached fora de um repositorio"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4054
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel abrir patch '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4068
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4074
+#: builtin/apply.c:4084
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "erro remoto: %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:144
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "Não é possível usar -a com um -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:186
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "rama remota '%s não encontrada."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "rama '%s' não encontrado."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:225
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Erro a eliminar rama '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Eliminar rama %s (era %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:239
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:409
+#, c-format
+msgid "behind %d] "
+msgstr "atrás %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:411
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d] "
+msgstr "a frente %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:413
+#, c-format
+msgid "ahead %d, behind %d] "
+msgstr "a frente %d, atrás %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:521
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(não é rama)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:586
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:599
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Nome da rama inválida: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:624
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Falhou renomeação da rama"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:628
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "Renomeado uma rama erronea '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:639
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:769
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:774
+#: builtin/clone.c:558
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column e --verbose são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:843
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s está bem\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:113
+#: builtin/checkout.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:115
+#: builtin/checkout.c:148
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:131
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:175
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:234
+#: builtin/checkout.c:392
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "ficheiro index corrupto"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:264
+#: builtin/checkout.c:271
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:302
+#: builtin/checkout.c:498
+#: builtin/clone.c:583
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:319
+#: builtin/diff.c:302
+#: builtin/merge.c:408
+msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:414
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:566
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD é agora em "
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Reset rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:576
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Já em '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:582
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mudado para a nova rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Mudado para a rama '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:640
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... e %d mais.\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:664
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:693
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:697
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:723
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:854
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:893
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:973
+msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:982
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:985
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:987
+msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:993
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1000
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1006
+msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1008
+msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1052
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1060
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1062
+msgid "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1067
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1070
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1089
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1092
+msgid "--ours/--theirs is incompatible with switching branches."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid "clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid "clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155
+#: builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159
+#: builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Eliminando %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162
+#: builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "falhou a abrir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "falhou a criar o directório '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308
+#: builtin/diff.c:75
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "falhou a copiar o ficheiro para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "terminado.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:440
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:549
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:639
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Demasiados parametros."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:643
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:654
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:673
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:706
+#: builtin/clone.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:728
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Clonando em um repositorio nu (bare) '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Clonar em '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "Não sei como clonar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:835
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:842
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:43
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"O seu nome e endereço de e-mail foram configurados automaticamente com base\n"
+"no o seu usuario e nome da maquina. Por favor, verifique se eles são precisos.\n"
+"Você pode suprimir esta mensagem, configurando-los explicitamente:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"O teu Nome\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email tu@examplo.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Após fazer isso, você pode corregir a identidade usada em este commit com:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:55
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:60
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:309
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:351
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:357
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "falhou adicionar interativo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:390
+#: builtin/commit.c:411
+#: builtin/commit.c:461
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:442
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:444
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:454
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler o indíce"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:474
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:549
+#: builtin/commit.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "commit inválido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:578
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:639
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:677
+#: builtin/commit.c:710
+#: builtin/commit.c:1024
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:689
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:691
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:695
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel ler o ficheiro de log '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:701
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "a mensagem do commit está vazia"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:717
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "não é possivel ler MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:721
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "não é possivel ler SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:725
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel ler '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:777
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:788
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:793
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:805
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:810
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%sAutor:    %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:830
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%sCommitador: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:850
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:887
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:902
+#: builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1014
+#: builtin/commit.c:1214
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1054
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1065
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "Você não tem nada a corregir."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1068
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1070
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1073
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1083
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1085
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1093
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1110
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1112
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1114
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1116
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1126
+#: builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1131
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1315
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1317
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1358
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1360
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (root-commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1450
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1487
+#: builtin/merge.c:509
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554
+#: builtin/merge.c:936
+#: builtin/merge.c:961
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "Nenhum nome encontrado, não descreve nada."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:297
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "Não é um repositorio git"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:352
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:370
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:200
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:253
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "objecto %s não encontrado"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[Actualizada]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274
+#: builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[rejeitado]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[etiqueta actualizada]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287
+#: builtin/fetch.c:322
+#: builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[nova etiqueta]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[nova rama]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[nova ref]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "actualização forçada"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr "(non-fast-forward)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393
+#: builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "não é possivel abrir %s: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Para %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[eliminado]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558
+#: builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(nenhum)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:888
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Baixando %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:890
+#: builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:907
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Nenhum repositório remoto especificado. Por favor, especifique um URL ou o\n"
+"nome remoto a partir do qual novas revisões devem ser obtida."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:927
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Você precisa especificar um nome da etiqueta."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:979
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:981
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:992
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1000
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Inválido %s: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:221
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:251
+msgid "There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:478
+#: builtin/grep.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:526
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:601
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:888
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:902
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:943
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:966
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:971
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:974
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:982
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:59
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "formato ajuda não reconhecido '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:87
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:100
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:126
+#: builtin/help.c:154
+#: builtin/help.c:163
+#: builtin/help.c:171
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:287
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:372
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:380
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:391
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:432
+#: builtin/help.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:453
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:84
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:104
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:151
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:152
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:164
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:171
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:187
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel crear '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro packfile '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:206
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:300
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:345
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:353
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "ojecto com tipo desconhecido %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:390
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "Não é possivel pread pack file"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:392
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:405
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:476
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "não foi possível ler objecto existente %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:479
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "inválido objecto blob %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "inválido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:502
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:504
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:576
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:602
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:706
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:706
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:728
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:733
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "Não é possivel fstat packfile"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:736
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:754
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Resolvendo deltas"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:787
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:866
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:890
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:903
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "não é possivel escrever o fichero kepp '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possivel fechar o fichero escrito '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:924
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "Não é possivel guardar o fichero pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:935
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "Não é possivel guardar fichero index"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1024
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o existente ficheiro pack %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1026
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro 'pack idx' para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1073
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1080
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1107
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1140
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1143
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1155
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "inválido %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1173
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1177
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1187
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1196
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1220
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1239
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:322
+#: builtin/init-db.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s já existe"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:362
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Inicializada vazio"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " partilhado"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:440
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:521
+#: builtin/init-db.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:554
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:578
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:188
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:401
+#: builtin/log.c:489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:513
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Tipo desconhecido: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:602
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:675
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "nome do diretório de saída é demasiado longo"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "Não é possivel abrir o ficheiro patch %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:700
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "Necessita de exatamente um intervalo."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:708
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "Não é um intervalo."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:745
+msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+msgstr "Não foi possível extrair a identidade do committer do e-mail."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:791
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "Carta de apresentação necessita um modelo de e-mail"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:958
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Dois diretórios de saída?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1179
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1224
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1226
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1234
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1236
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1238
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1261
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "saída padrão, ou diretório, qual deles?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1263
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1416
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Falhou ao criar ficheiros de saída"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1536
+#: builtin/log.c:1538
+#: builtin/log.c:1550
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Commit desconhecido %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "As estratégias disponíveis são:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Estratégias personalizadas disponíveis são:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "falhou o stash"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269
+#: builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (nada para squash)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Escrevendo SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Terminando SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:437
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:536
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:629
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:679
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:697
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:710
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:738
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:877
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Não commitando um merge; usa 'git commit' para completar o merge.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:892
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:916
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Mensagem de commit vazia."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:928
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Fastastico.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:993
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1009
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' não é um commit"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1050
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "Nenhuma rama actual"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1052
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1054
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1059
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1146
+#: builtin/merge.c:1303
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1214
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1230
+#: git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1233
+#: git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1237
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1240
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1249
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1254
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1261
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1293
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1296
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1298
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1413
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Actualizando %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1451
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1458
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "Não.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1490
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1513
+#: builtin/merge.c:1592
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1517
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1583
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1585
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Fundir com a estratégia %s falhou.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1594
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1606
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "fonte inválida"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "o directorio fonte está vazio"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "não está no controlo de versões"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "existe destino"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "subscrevendo '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "Não consegue subscrever"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "múltiplas fontes para o mesmo alvo"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Mudar de nome %s para %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215
+#: builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "mudar de nome '%s' falhou"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:145
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:189
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:210
+#: builtin/notes.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:215
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:251
+#: builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "não consegue ler '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:253
+#: builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:272
+#: builtin/notes.c:445
+#: builtin/notes.c:447
+#: builtin/notes.c:507
+#: builtin/notes.c:561
+#: builtin/notes.c:644
+#: builtin/notes.c:649
+#: builtin/notes.c:724
+#: builtin/notes.c:766
+#: builtin/notes.c:968
+#: builtin/reset.c:293
+#: builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:299
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Inválido %s valor: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:500
+#: builtin/notes.c:554
+#: builtin/notes.c:627
+#: builtin/notes.c:639
+#: builtin/notes.c:712
+#: builtin/notes.c:759
+#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "demasiado parametros"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:513
+#: builtin/notes.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "Nenhuma nota encontrada para o objecto %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:585
+#: builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:635
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1103
+#: builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2315
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2319
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2342
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "opção %s não aceita formato negativo"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2346
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete só aceita nomes simples para o ref de destino"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:174
+msgid "You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:181
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:187
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration\n"
+"variable to 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:193
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Pushing para %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:269
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "repositorio inválido '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:270
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:285
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all e --tags are são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:286
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:291
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:292
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:297
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:385
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Actualizando %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "argumento mirror não conhecido: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195
+#: builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "o remoto %s já existe"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199
+#: builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s' não é um nombe remoto valido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível configurar a rama master '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440
+#: builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(eliminado)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595
+#: builtin/remote.c:601
+#: builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível adicionar o '%s' para o '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639
+#: builtin/remote.c:792
+#: builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível renombrar a secção da configuração de '%s' para '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662
+#: builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível remover a secção da configuração '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch respec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível adicionar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "Não foi possível atribuir '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "falhou eliminar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "falhou a criar '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível remover rama %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr "seguido"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "Fundir com servidor remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    e com remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "Fundir com servidor remoto %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr "   e com remoto"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "creado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "eliminado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "actualizado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "fast-forwardable"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "local desatualizada"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* remota %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120
+#: builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(nenhum URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129
+#: builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133
+#: builtin/remote.c:1135
+#: builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "Rama HEAD: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "Rama remota:%s"
+msgstr[1] "Ramas remotas:%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154
+#: builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+msgstr[1] ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível abrir %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "Não foi possível configurar %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "Apagando %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387
+#: builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Não existe este remoto '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "Nenhum remoto especificado"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "Nenhum URL encontrado: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "mistura"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "leve"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "forte"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "juntar"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "manter"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "Não tens a HEAD válida."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD é agora em %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:297
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Não foi possível analisar objeto '%s'."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:302
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:311
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:313
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:325
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70
+#: builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:131
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "erro do programa"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:221
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "falhou o revert"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:236
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "cherry-pick falhou"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "Autor em falta: %s"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "etiqueta '%s' não foi encontrada."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "nenhuma mensaje para a etiqueta?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column e -n are são incompatíveis"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "demasiado parametros"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "etiqueta '%s' já existe"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Listar, criar ou apagar ramas"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Gravar alterações para o repositório"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Mostrado logs de commits"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Mostrar o estado los ramos das árvores de trabalho"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "Necessitas primeiro de especificiar os teus dados de committer"
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:275
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:362
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:364
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Falhou a detecção do formato do patch."
+
+#: git-am.sh:418
+msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:481
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:486
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:513
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:579
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:755
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:766
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr "Aplicar? Sim[y]/[n]ão/[e]ditar/[v]er patch/[a]ceitar todos "
+
+#: git-am.sh:802
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Aplicando: $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:847
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Nenhuma mudança -- Já foi aplicado o patch."
+
+#: git-am.sh:873
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Queres que eu faça por sí [Y/n]?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Tens a certeza [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Nenhum ficheiro de log dado"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Não estamos a bisseccionar."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-pull.sh:257
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "Não é possível fazer rebase com várias ramas"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Tu ainda não tens o commit inicial"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123
+#: git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Não há alterações seleccionadas"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "Sem alterações locais para guardar"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "Não é possível inicializar o stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "nenhum stash encontrado."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "Não foi posivel guardar o index tree"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:491
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Deixado cair ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:499
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "Nenhum nome para a rama especificado"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:570
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:56
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:109
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:150
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:160
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:249
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:266
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:283
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:297
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:302
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:307
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:349
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Entrando '$prefix$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:405
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:414
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:422
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:424
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:523
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:536
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:555
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:569
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:570
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:576
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:581
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:582
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:604
+#: git-submodule.sh:927
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:712
+msgid "--"
+msgstr "--"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:770
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:773
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:776
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:801
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:802
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "submódulos"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:973
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+#~ msgstr "Por favor insira a mensagem de commit das suas alterações."
+
+#~ msgid "Too many options specified"
+#~ msgstr "Demasiadas opções especificadas"
diff --git a/po/sv.po b/po/sv.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee6b0fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/sv.po
@@ -0,0 +1,9625 @@
+# Swedish translations for Git.
+# Copyright (C) 2010-2012 Peter krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>, 2010, 2011, 2012.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git 1.8.1\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-11-30 10:49+0100\n"
+"Last-Translator: Peter Krefting <peter@softwolves.pp.se>\n"
+"Language-Team: Swedish <tp-sv@listor.tp-sv.se>\n"
+"Language: sv\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "tips: %.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Rätta dem i din arbetskatalog,\n"
+"och använd sedan \"git add/rm <fil>\" som\n"
+"lämpligt för att ange lösning och checka in,\n"
+"eller använd \"git commit -a\"."
+
+#: archive.c:10
+msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [flaggor] <träd-igt> [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:11
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] [flaggor] <träd-igt> "
+"[<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <arkiv> [--exec <kmd>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "fmt"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "arkivformat"
+
+#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "prefix"
+
+#: archive.c:324
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "lägg till prefix till varje sökväg i arkivet"
+
+#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
+#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "fil"
+
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "skriv arkivet till filen"
+
+#: archive.c:328
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "läs .gitattributes i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: archive.c:329
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "rapportera arkiverade filer på standard fel"
+
+#: archive.c:330
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "endast spara"
+
+#: archive.c:331
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "komprimera snabbare"
+
+#: archive.c:339
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "komprimera bättre"
+
+#: archive.c:342
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "visa understödda arkivformat"
+
+#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "arkiv"
+
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "hämta arkivet från fjärrarkivet <arkiv>"
+
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "kommando"
+
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "sökväg till kommandot git-upload-archive på fjärren"
+
+#: attr.c:259
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"Negativa mönster är förbjudna i git-attribut\n"
+"Använd '\\!' för att inleda med ett utropstecken."
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' ser inte ut som en v2-bundle-fil"
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "okänt huvud: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\""
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "Arkivet saknar dessa nödvändiga incheckningar:"
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
+#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa revisionstraversering"
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller %d referens"
+msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) innehåller %d referenser"
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "Paketet (bundlen) beskriver en komplett historik."
+
+#: bundle.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver denna referens"
+msgstr[1] "Paketet (bundlen) kräver dessa %d referenser"
+
+#: bundle.c:294
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list dog"
+
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt argument: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:335
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "referensen \"%s\" exkluderas av argumenten till rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:380
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Vägrar skapa ett tomt paket (bundle)."
+
+#: bundle.c:398
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "Kunde inte starta pack-objects"
+
+#: bundle.c:416
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "pack-objects misslyckades"
+
+#: bundle.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa \"%s\""
+
+#: bundle.c:441
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "index-pack dog"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka %s"
+
+#: commit.c:52
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s är inte en incheckning!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "minnet slut"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte köra \"git rev-list\""
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva till rev-list: %s"
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte stänga rev-list:s standard in: %s"
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "i framtiden"
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu sekund sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu sekunder sedan"
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu minut sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu minuter sedan"
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu timme sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu timmar sedan"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu dag sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu dagar sedan"
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu vecka sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu veckor sedan"
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu månad sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu månader sedan"
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] "%lu år"
+msgstr[1] "%lu år"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %lu månad sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%s, %lu månader sedan"
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu år sedan"
+msgstr[1] "%lu år sedan"
+
+#: diff.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Misslyckades tolka dirstat-avskärningsprocentandel \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: diff.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Okänd dirstat-parameter \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: diff.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "Okänt värde för konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.submodule\": \"%s\""
+
+#: diff.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Hittade fel i konfigurationsvariabeln \"diff.dirstat\":\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --dirstat/-X;\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3508
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades tolka argument till flaggan --submodule: \"%s\""
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "kunde inte köra gpg."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr "gpg godtog inte data"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg misslyckades signera data"
+
+#: grep.c:1622
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\" kunde inte läsa %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\": %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\": kort läsning %s"
+
+#: help.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "git-kommandon tillgängliga i \"%s\""
+
+#: help.c:219
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "git-kommandon från andra platser i din $PATH"
+
+#: help.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\" verkar vara ett git-kommando, men vi kan inte\n"
+"köra det. Kanske git-%s är trasigt?"
+
+#: help.c:332
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Oj då. Ditt system rapporterar inga Git-kommandon alls."
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"VARNING: Du anropade ett Git-kommando vid namn \"%s\", som inte finns.\n"
+"Fortsätter under förutsättningen att du menade \"%s\""
+
+#: help.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr "automatiskt om %0.1f sekunder..."
+
+#: help.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: \"%s\" är inte ett git-kommando. Se \"git --help\"."
+
+#: help.c:370
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Menade du detta?"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Menade du ett av dessa?"
+
+#: merge.c:56
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "misslyckads läsa cachen"
+
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
+#: builtin/clone.c:586
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(felaktig incheckning)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "addinfo_cache misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:268
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "fel vid byggande av träd"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa sökvägen \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s för att göra plats för underkatalog\n"
+
+#. something else exists
+#. .. but not some other error (who really cares what?)
+#: merge-recursive.c:697 merge-recursive.c:718
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": kanske en K/F-konflikt?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:708
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "vägrar förlora ospårad fil vid \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s: \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "blob förväntades för %s \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades öppna \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta skapa symboliska länken \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "vet inte hur %06o %s \"%s\" skall hanteras"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:922
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "Misslyckades exekvera intern sammanslagning"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:926
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till %s till databasen"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:942
+msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+msgstr "objekttyp som ej stöds upptäcktes i trädet"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1021 merge-recursive.c:1035
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s i %s. Versionen %s av %s lämnad "
+"i trädet."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1027 merge-recursive.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s/radera): %s raderad i %s och %s i %s. Versionen %s av %s lämnad "
+"i trädet vid %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "namnbyte"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "namnbytt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s är en katalog i %s lägger till som %s istället"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (namnbyte/namnbyte): Namnbyte \"%s\"->\"%s\" på grenen \"%s\" "
+"namnbyte \"%s\"->\"%s\" i \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1164
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (lämnad olöst)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (namnbyte/namnbyte): Namnbyte %s->%s i %s. Namnbyte %s->%s i %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1248
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "Byter namn på %s till %s och %s till %s istället"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1447
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr "KONFLIKT (namnbyte/tillägg): Namnbyte %s->%s i %s. %s tillagd i %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "Lägger till sammanslagen %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1462 merge-recursive.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Lägger till som %s iställer"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa objektet %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "objektet %s är inte en blob"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "ändra"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "ändrad"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1574
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "innehåll"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1581
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "tillägg/tillägg"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "Hoppade över %s (sammanslagen samma som befintlig)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Slår ihop %s automatiskt"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "undermodul"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1634
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "KONFLIKT (%s): Sammanslagningskonflikt i %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1749
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "fil/katalog"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1755
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "katalog/fil"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"KONFLIKT (%s): Det finns en katalog med namnet %s i %s. Lägger till %s som %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1770
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Lägger till %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1787
+msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+msgstr "Ödesdigert sammanslagningsfel, borde inte inträffa."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1806
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr "Redan à jour!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1815
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "sammanslagning av träden %s och %s misslyckades"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+msgstr "Obehandlad sökväg??? %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1890
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "Slår ihop:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1903
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "hittade %u gemensam förfader:"
+msgstr[1] "hittade %u gemensamma förfäder:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1940
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "sammanslagningen returnerade ingen incheckning"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1997
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva indexet."
+
+#: parse-options.c:494
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "användning: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "     eller: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: remote.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckning.\n"
+msgstr[1] "Din gren ligger före \"%s\" med %d incheckningar.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1637
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git push\" för att publicera dina lokala incheckningar)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1640
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Din gren ligger efter \"%s\" med %d incheckning, och kan snabbspolas.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Din gren ligger efter \"%s\" med %d incheckningar, och kan snabbspolas.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1647
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att uppdatera din lokala gren)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Din gren och \"%s\" har divergerat,\n"
+"och har %d respektive %d olika incheckning.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Din gren och \"%s\" har divergerat,\n"
+"och har %d respektive %d olika incheckningar.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1659
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git pull\" för att slå ihop fjärrgrenen med din egen)\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
+#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
+#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:146
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"efter att ha löst konflikterna, markera de rättade sökvägarna\n"
+"med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:149
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"efter att ha löst konflikterna, markera de rättade sökvägarna\n"
+"med \"git add <sökvägar>\" eller \"git rm <sökvägar>\"\n"
+"och checka in resultatet med \"git commit\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva till %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"cherry-pick\"."
+
+#: sequencer.c:182
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr "Dina lokala ändringar skulle skrivas över av \"revert\"."
+
+#: sequencer.c:185
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "Checka in dina ändringar eller använd \"stash\" för att fortsätta."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
+
+#: sequencer.c:266
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte bestämma HEAD:s incheckning\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:287
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera cacheträd\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tolka incheckningen %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:403
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "Din indexfil har inte slagits ihop."
+
+#: sequencer.c:406
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "Du har ingen giltig HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "Incheckning %s är en sammanslagning, men flaggan -m angavs inte."
+
+#: sequencer.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "Incheckning %s har inte förälder %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "Huvudlinje angavs, men incheckningen %s är inte en sammanslagning"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: kan inte tolka föräldraincheckningen %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta incheckningsmeddelande för %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte ångra %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tillämpa %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:565
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "den angivna uppsättningen incheckningar är tom"
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: misslyckades läsa indexet"
+
+#: sequencer.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: misslyckades uppdatera indexet"
+
+#: sequencer.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr "kan inte %s under en %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "Kan inte tolka rad %d."
+
+#: sequencer.c:663
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "Inga incheckningar lästes."
+
+#: sequencer.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:680
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Oanvändbart manus: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktig nyckel: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde för %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Trasigt manus: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:751
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "en \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår redan"
+
+#: sequencer.c:752
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "testa \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa \"sequencer\"-katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr "Fel vid ombrytning av %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "ingen \"cherry-pick\" eller \"revert\" pågår"
+
+#: sequencer.c:793
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "kan inte bestämma HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:795
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "kan inte avbryta från en gren som ännu inte är född"
+
+#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "oväntat filslut"
+
+#: sequencer.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "sparad HEAD-fil från före \"cherry-pick\", \"%s\", är trasig"
+
+#: sequencer.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr "Kunde inte formatera %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1012
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "Kan inte ångra som första incheckning"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1013
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr "Kan inte göra \"cherry-pick\" i ett tomt huvud"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD pekar inte på en gren"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Okänd gren: \"%s\""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för grenen \"%s\""
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "Uppströmsgrenen \"%s\" är inte lagrad som en fjärrspårande gren"
+
+#: wrapper.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgstr "kan inte komma åt \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr "kan inte slå upp aktuell användare i passwd-filen: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:427
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr "okänd användare"
+
+#: wt-status.c:140
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "Ej sammanslagna sökvägar:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:167 wt-status.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git reset %s <fil>...\" för att ta bort från kö)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rm --cached <fil>...\" för att ta bort från kö)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git add <fil>...\" för att ange lösning)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git add/rm <fil>...\" som lämpligt för att ange lösning)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rm <fil>...\" för att ange lösning)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Ändringar att checka in:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:206
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "Ändringar ej i incheckningskön:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git add <fil>...\" för att uppdatera vad som skall checkas in)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git add/rm <fil>...\" för att uppdatera vad som skall checkas in)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git checkout -- <fil>...\" för att förkasta ändringar i "
+"arbetskatalogen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (checka in eller förkasta ospårat eller ändrat innehåll i undermoduler)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git %s <fil>...\" för att ta med i det som skall checkas in)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:244
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "programfel"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "borttaget av bägge:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "tillagt av oss:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "borttaget av dem:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "tillagt av dem:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "borttaget av oss:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "tillagt av bägge:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "ändrat av bägge:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "nya incheckningar, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "ändrat innehåll, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "ospårat innehåll, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "ny fil:     %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "kopierad:   %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "borttagen:  %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "ändrad:     %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "namnbyte:   %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:318
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr "typbyte:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "okänd:      %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr "osammansl.: %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr "programfel: diff-status %c ej hanterad"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "Du har ej sammanslagna sökvägar."
+
+#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör \"git commit\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "Alla konflikter har rättats men du är fortfarande i en sammanslagning."
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra sammanslagningen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:804
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Du är i mitten av en körning av \"git am\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:807
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "Aktuell patch är tom."
+
+#: wt-status.c:811
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git am --resolved\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:813
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git am --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:815
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git am --abort\" för att återställa ursprungsgrenen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Du håller på med en ombasering."
+
+#: wt-status.c:876
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (rätta konflikter och kör sedan \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:878
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --skip\" för att hoppa över patchen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:880
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --abort\" för att checka ut ursprungsgrenen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:886
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (alla konflikter rättade: kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:888
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Du håller på att dela upp en incheckning i en ombasering."
+
+#: wt-status.c:891
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (Så fort din arbetskatalog är ren, kör \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:893
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Du håller på att redigera en incheckning under en ombasering."
+
+#: wt-status.c:896
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git commit --amend\" för att lägga till på aktuell incheckning)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:898
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr "  (använd \"git rebase --continue\" när du är nöjd med dina ändringar)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
+msgstr "Du håller på med en \"cherry-pick\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:915
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (alla konflikter har rättats: kör \"git commit\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:924
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Du håller på med en \"bisect\"."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (använd \"git bisect reset\" för att komma tillbaka till ursprungsgrenen)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "På grenen "
+
+#: wt-status.c:985
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Inte på någon gren för närvarande."
+
+#: wt-status.c:997
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Första incheckning"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1011
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "Ospårade filer"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1013
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Ignorerade filer"
+
+# %s är nästa sträng eller tom.
+#: wt-status.c:1015
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "Ospårade filer visas ej%s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1017
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (använd flaggan -u för att visa ospårade filer)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1023
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Inga ändringar"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"inga ändringar att checka in (använd \"git add\" och/eller \"git commit -a"
+"\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "inga ändringar att checka in\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1034
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns (spåra med \"git add"
+"\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1037
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr "inget köat för incheckning, men ospårade filer finns\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr "inget att checka in (skapa/kopiera filer och spåra med \"git add\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "inget att checka in\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr "inget att checka in (använd -u för att visa ospårade filer)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1050
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgstr "inget att checka in, arbetskatalogen ren\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1158
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (ingen gren)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1164
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Första incheckning på "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1179
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "efter "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "före "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1187
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ", efter "
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort länken \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:19
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git add [flaggor] [--] <filmönster>..."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "diff-status %c förväntades inte"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades uppdatera filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "ta bort \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Sökvägen \"%s\" är i undermodulen \"%.*s\""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "Ospårade ändringar efter att ha uppdaterat indexet:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "sökvägsangivelsen \"%s\" motsvarade inte några filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är på andra sidan av en symbolisk länk"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för skrivning"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva patch"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta status på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Tom patch. Avbryter."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:313
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "Följande sökvägar ignoreras av en av dina .gitignore-filer:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "testkörning"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
+#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "var pratsam"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:322
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "plocka interaktivt"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "välj stycken interaktivt"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "redigera aktuell diff och applicera"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:325
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "tillåt lägga till annars ignorerade filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "uppdatera spårade filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:327
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "registrera endast att sökvägen kommer läggas till senare"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:328
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "lägg till ändringar från alla spårade och ospårade filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:329
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "lägg inte till, uppdatera endast indexet"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:330
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "hoppa bara över filer som inte kan läggas till på grund av fel"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:331
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr "se om - även saknade - filer ignoreras i testkörning"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till dem.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "inga filer har lagts till"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:360
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades lägga till filer"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:392
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A och -u är ömsesidigt inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:394
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "Flaggan --ignore-missing kan endast användas tillsammans med --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "Inget angivet, inget tillagt.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Kanske menade du att skriva \"git add .\"?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:235
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "indexfilen trasig"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:57
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [flaggor] [<patch>...]"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "okänt alternativ för whitespace: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "okänt alternativ för ignore-whitespace: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte förbereda reguljärt uttryck för tidsstämpeln %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:832
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec returnerade %d för indata: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "kan inte hitta filnamn i patchen på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null, fick %s på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande nytt filnamn på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - motsägande gammalt filnamn på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:957
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: dålig git-diff - förväntade /dev/null på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount: förväntade rad: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "patch-fragment utan huvud på rad %d: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande sökvägskomponent\n"
+"tas bort (rad %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"git-diff-huvudet saknar filnamnsinformation när %d ledande "
+"sökvägskomponenter\n"
+"tas bort (rad %d)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "ny fil beror på gammalt innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "borttagen fil har fortfarande innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "trasig patch på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "nya filen %s beror på gammalt innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "borttagna filen %s har fortfarande innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** varning: filen %s blir tom men har inte tagits bort"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "trasig binärpatch på rad %d: %.*s"
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "binärpatchen på rad %d känns inte igen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "patch med bara skräp på rad %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa symboliska länken %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2149
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr "hoppsan"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "felaktig inledning på rad: \"%c\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rad)."
+msgstr[1] "Stycke %d lyckades på %d (offset %d rader)."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Sammanhang reducerat till (%ld/%ld) för att tillämpa fragment vid %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"vid sökning efter:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "saknar binära patchdata för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "binärpatchen kan inte tillämpas på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "binärpatchen på \"%s\" ger felaktigt resultat (förväntade %s, fick %s)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "patch misslyckades: %s:%ld"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "kan inte checka ut %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades läsa %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "sökvägen %s har ändrat namn/tagits bort"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: finns inte i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: motsvarar inte indexet"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "patch för borttagning lämnar kvar filinnehåll"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: fel typ"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s har typen %o, förväntade %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: finns redan i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: finns redan i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "nytt läge (%o) för %s motsvarar inte gammalt läge (%o) för %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: patchen kan inte tillämpas"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Kontrollerar patchen %s..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry misslyckades för sökvägen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort %s från indexet"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr "trasig patch för underprojektet %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta status på nyligen skapade filen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa säkerhetsminne för nyligen skapade filen %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "kan inte lägga till cachepost för %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "stänger filen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "kan inte skriva filen \"%s\" läge %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Tillämpade patchen %s rent."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "internt fel"
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserad..."
+msgstr[1] "Tillämpade patchen %%s med %d refuserade..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "trunkerar .rej-filnamnet till %.*s.rej"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Stycke %d tillämpades rent."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "Refuserar stycke %d."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "indata känns inte igen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa indexfilen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/fetch.c:63
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "sökväg"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "tillämpa inte ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "tillämpa ändringar som motsvarar given sökväg"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "antal"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "ta bort <antal> inledande snedstreck från traditionella diff-sökvägar"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "ignorera tillägg gjorda av patchen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut diffstat för indata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "visa antal tillagda och borttagna rader decimalt"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, skriv ut en summering av indata"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "istället för att tillämpa patchen, se om patchen kan tillämpas"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "se till att patchen kan tillämpas på aktuellt index"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "tillämpa en patch utan att röra arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "tillämpa också patchen (använd med --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "försök en trevägssammanslagning om patchen inte kan tillämpas"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "bygg ett temporärt index baserat på inbyggd indexinformation"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med NUL-tecken"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "se till att åtminstone <n> rader sammanhang är lika"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "åtgärd"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "detektera nya eller ändrade rader som har fel i blanktecken"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "ignorera ändringar i blanktecken för sammanhang"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "tillämpa patchen baklänges"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "förvänta inte minst en rad sammanhang"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "lämna refuserade stycken i motsvarande *.rej-filer"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "tillåt överlappande stycken"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "tolerera felaktigt detekterade saknade nyradstecken vid filslut"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "lite inte på antalet linjer i styckehuvuden"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "rot"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "lägg till <rot> i alla filnamn"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way utanför arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index utanför arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached utanför arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna patchen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
+msgstr[1] "undertryckte %d fel i blanksteg"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d rad lägger till fel i blanksteg."
+msgstr[1] "%d rader lägger till fel i blanksteg."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa arkivfilen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "kunde inte omdirigera utdata"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: Fjärr utan URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive: förväntade ACK/NAK, fick EOF"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "fjärrfel: %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: protokollfel"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: förväntade en tömning (flush)"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "utför 'git bisect next'"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr "uppdatera BISECT_HEAD istället för att checka ut aktuell incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:25
+msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+msgstr "git blame [flaggor] [rev-flaggor] [rev] [--] fil"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "[rev-flaggor] dokumenteras i git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "Visa klandringsposter när vi hittar dem, interaktivt"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Visa blank SHA-1 för gränsincheckningar (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Behandla inte rotincheckningar som gränser (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Visa statistik över arbetskostnad"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Visa utdatapoäng för klandringsposter"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Visa originalfilnamn (Standard: auto)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Visa ursprungligt radnummer (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Visa i ett format avsett för maskinkonsumtion"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "Visa porslinsformat med per-rad-incheckningsinformation"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Använd samma utdataläge som git-annotate (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Visa rå tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Visa lång inchecknings-SHA1 (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Undertryck författarnamn och tidsstämpel (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Visa författarens e-post istället för namn (Standard: av)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Ignorera ändringar i blanksteg"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "Slösa extra cykler med att hitta bättre träff"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr "Använd revisioner från <fil> istället för att anropa git-rev-list"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "Använd <fil>s innehåll som slutgiltig bild"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "poäng"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "Hitta kopierade rader inuti och mellan filer"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "Hitta flyttade rader inuti och mellan filer"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Behandla endast radintervallet n,m, med början på 1"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:23
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
+msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-l] [-f] <grennamn> [<startpunkt>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+msgstr "git branch [flaggor] [-r] (-d | -D) <grennamn>..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+msgstr "git branch [flaggor] (-m | -M) [<gammal_gren>] <ny_gren>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"tar bort grenen \"%s\" som har slagits ihop med\n"
+"         \"%s\", men ännu inte slagits ihop med HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"tar inte bort grenen \"%s\" som inte har slagits ihop med\n"
+"         \"%s\", trots att den har slagits ihop med HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Grenen \"%s\" har inte slagits samman i sin helhet.\n"
+"Om du är säker på att du vill ta bort den, kör \"git branch -D %s\"."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfil"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:208
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "kan inte ange -a med -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp incheckningsobjekt för HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort grenen \"%s\" som du befinner dig på för närvarande."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "fjärrgrenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "grenen \"%s\" hittades inte."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av fjärrgrenen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Fel vid borttagning av grenen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Tog bort fjärrgrenen %s (var %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Tog bort grenen %s (var %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr "grenen \"%s\" pekar inte på en incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: bakom %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr "[bakom %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: före %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[före %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: före %d, bakom %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[före %d, bakom %d] "
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:560
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(ingen gren)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr "vissa referenser kunde inte läsas"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr ""
+"kunde inte byta namn på aktuell gren när du inte befinner dig på någon."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt namn på gren: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:663
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Misslyckades byta namn på gren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "Bytte bort namn på en felaktigt namngiven gren \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "Grenen namnbytt till %s, men HEAD har inte uppdaterats!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Grenen namnbytt, men misslyckades uppdatera konfigurationsfilen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "felformat objektnamn %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva grenbeskrivningsmall: %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:747
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:749
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "visa hash och ärenderad, ange två gånger för uppströmsgren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:750
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "undertryck informationsmeddelanden"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "ställ in spårningsläge (se git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:753
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr "ändra uppströmsinformation"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "använd färgad utdata"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:758
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "arbeta på fjärrspårande grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast grenar som innehåller incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:774
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "Specifika git-branch-åtgärder:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:775
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "visa både fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:777
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "ta bort helt sammanslagen gren"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:778
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "ta bort gren (även om inte helt sammanslagen)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:779
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren och dess reflogg"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:780
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "flytta/ta bort en gren, även om målet finns"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:781
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "lista namn på grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:782
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "skapa grenens reflogg"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:784
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "redigera beskrivning för grenen"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
+msgstr "tvinga skapande (när den redan finns)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "print only not merged branches"
+msgstr "visa endast ej sammanslagna grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
+msgid "print only merged branches"
+msgstr "visa endast sammanslagna grenar"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "visa grenar i spalter"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:811
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Misslyckades slå upp HEAD som giltig referens"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "HEAD hittades inte under refs/heads!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:836
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column och --verbose är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "grenen \"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "Grenen \"%s\" har ingen uppströmsinformation"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:914
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"flaggorna -a och -r på \"git branch\" kan inte anges tillsammans med ett "
+"grennamn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Flaggan --set-upstream rekommenderas ej och kommer tas bort. Använd --track "
+"eller --set-upstream-to\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Om du vill göra så att \"%s\" spårar \"%s\" gör du så här:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s är okej\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att skapa ett paket (bundle)."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "Behöver ett arkiv för att packa upp ett paket (bundle)."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<typ>|--textconv) <objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <objektlista>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<typ> kan vara en av: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "visa objekttyp"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "visa objektstorlek"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "avsluta med noll när det inte uppstått något fel"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "visa objektets innehåll snyggt"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "för blob-objekt, kör textconv på objektets innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "visa information och innehåll för objekt som listas på standard in"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "visa information för objekt som listas på standard in"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] sökväg..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <sökvägslista>"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "visa alla attribut som satts på filen"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "använd .gitattributes endast från indexet"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "läs filnamn från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
+msgstr "sökvägar avdelas med null-tecken"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
+msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [flaggor] [--] [<fil>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "checka ut alla filer i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "tvinga överskrivning av befintliga filer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr "ingen varning för existerande filer och filer ej i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "checka inte ut nya filer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "uppdatera stat-information i indexfilen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "läs listan över sökvägar från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "skriv innehåll till temporära filer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "sträng"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "när filer skapas, lägg till <sträng> först"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "kopiera ut filer från namngiven etapp"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:25
+msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] <gren>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:26
+msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [flaggor] [<gren>] -- <fil>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte vår version"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte deras version"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte alla nödvändiga versioner"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" innehåller inte nödvändiga versioner"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "sökväg \"%s\": kan inte slå ihop"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till sammanslagningsresultat för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
+#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid uppdatering av sökvägar"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr "Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "indexfilen är trasig"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte slagits ihop"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "du måste lösa ditt befintliga index först"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Kan inte skapa referenslog för \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD är nu på"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Återställ gren \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Redan på \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Växlade till och nollställde grenen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Växlade till en ny gren \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Växlade till grenen \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... och %d till.\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Varning: du lämnar %d incheckning bakom dig som inte är ansluten till\n"
+"någon av dina grenar:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Varning: du lämnar %d incheckningar bakom dig som inte är ansluta till\n"
+"någon av dina grenar:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Om du vill behålla dem genom att skapa en ny gren är nu en bra tidpunkt\n"
+"att göra så, med:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch nytt_grennamn %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "internt fel vid genomgång av revisioner (revision walk)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "Tidigare position för HEAD var"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "Du är på en gren som ännu inte är född"
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "felaktig referens: %s"
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "referensen är inte ett träd: %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "sökvägar kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas vid byte av gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "\"%s\" kan inte användas med \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "Kan inte växla gren till icke-incheckningen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "undertryck förloppsrapportering"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "skapa och checka ut en ny gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "skapa/nollställ och checka ut en gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "skapa reflogg för ny gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "koppla från HEAD vid namngiven incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "sätt uppströmsinformation för ny gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new branch"
+msgstr "ny gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "ny gren utan förälder"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "checka ut vår version för ej sammanslagna filer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr "checka ut deras version för ej sammanslagna filer"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "tvinga utcheckning (kasta bort lokala ändringar)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "utför en 3-vägssammanslagning för den nya grenen"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "uppdatera ignorerade filer (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "stil"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "konfliktstil (merge eller diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+msgstr "förutspå \"git checkout gren-saknas\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-b, -B och --orphan är ömsesidigt uteslutande"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track behöver ett namn på en gren"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Grennamn saknas; försök med -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "felaktig sökvägsangivelse"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte uppdatera sökvägar och växla till grenen \"%s\" samtidigt.\n"
+"Ville du checka ut \"%s\" som inte kan lösas som en utcheckning?"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach tar inte en sökväg som argument \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force och --merge är inkompatibla när\n"
+"du checkar ut från indexet."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:19
+msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <mönster>] [-x | -X] [--] <sökvägar>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:51
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "skriv inte ut namn på borttagna filer"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:53
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "tvinga"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:55
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "ta bort hela kataloger"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "mönster"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:57
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "lägg till <mönster> till ignoreringsregler"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:58
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "ta även bort ignorerade filer"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:60
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "ta endast bort ignorerade filer"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x och -X kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce satt till true, men varken -n eller -f angavs; vägrar "
+"städa"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce har standardvärdet true, men varken -n eller -f angavs; "
+"vägrar städa"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Skulle ta bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Tar bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Skulle inte ta bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Tar inte bort %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:36
+msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [flaggor] [--] <arkiv> [<kat>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
+#: builtin/push.c:399
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "tvinga förloppsrapportering"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:66
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "skapa inte någon utcheckning"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "skapa ett naket (\"bare\") arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:72
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "skapa ett spegelarkiv (implicerar \"bare\")"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:74
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "för att klona från ett lokalt arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:76
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "skapa inte lokala hårda länkar, kopiera alltid"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:78
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "skapa som ett delat arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "initiera undermoduler i klonen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "mallkatalog"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "katalog att använda mallar från"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:86
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "referensarkiv"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "namn"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "använd <namn> istället för \"origin\" för att spåra uppströms"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "checka ut <gren> istället för fjärrens HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "sökväg till git-upload-pack på fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "djup"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "skapa en grund klon på detta djup"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "klona endast en gren, HEAD eller --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "gitkat"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "separera gitkatalogen från arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:99
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "nyckel=värde"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "ställ in konfiguration i det nya arkivet"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr "referensarkivet \"%s\" är inte en lokal katalog."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta status på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s finns och är ingen katalog"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta status på %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa länken \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades kopiera filen till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "klart.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärrgrenen %s för att klona."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:552
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"HEAD hos fjärren pekar på en obefintlig referens, kan inte checka ut.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:690
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "För många argument."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:694
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Du måste ange ett arkiv att klona."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "flaggorna --bare och --origin %s är inkompatibla."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "arkivet \"%s\" finns inte"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:724
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth ignoreras i lokala kloningar; använd file:// istället"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "destinationssökvägen \"%s\" finns redan och är inte en tom katalog."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "arbetsträdet \"%s\" finns redan."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa inledande kataloger för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klonar till ett naket arkiv \"%s\"...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Klonar till \"%s\"...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "Vet inte hur man klonar %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "Fjärrgrenen %s hittades inte i uppströmsarkivet %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:879
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Du verkar ha klonat ett tomt arkiv."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [options]"
+msgstr "git column [flaggor]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "slå upp konfigurationsvariabler"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "utseende att använda"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "Maximal bredd"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Spaltfyllnad i vänsterkanten"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Spaltfyllnad i högerkanten"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Spaltfyllnad mellan spalter"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command måste vara första argument"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:34
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git commit [flaggor] [--] <filmöster>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git status [flaggor] [--] <filmönster>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ditt namn och e-postadress konfigurerades automatiskt baserat på\n"
+"ditt användar-id och värdnamn. Kontrollera att de är riktiga. Du\n"
+"kan förhindra det här meddelandet genom att ställa dem explicit:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Ditt namn\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email du@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"När du gjort det kan du rätta identiteten som användes för den här\n"
+"incheckningen med:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:56
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du bad om att utöka den senaste incheckningen, men om du gör det\n"
+"blir den tom. Du kan köra kommandot på nytt med --allow-empty, eller\n"
+"så kan du ta bort incheckningen helt med \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Den tidigare \"cherry-pick\":en är nu tom, kanske på grund av en löst\n"
+"konflikt. Om du vill checka in den ändå använder du:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Annars använder du \"git reset\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:258
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "misslyckades packa upp HEAD:s trädobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:300
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa temporär indexfil"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:306
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "interaktiv tilläggning misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva filen new_index"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:391
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en sammanslagning."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "kan inte utföra en delvis incheckning under en cherry-pick."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:403
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa indexet"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:423
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva temporär indexfil"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "felaktig incheckning: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:540
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "felformad \"--author\"-flagga"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktig indragningssträng: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte slå upp incheckningen %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(läser loggmeddelande från standard in)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:612
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa logg från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa loggfilen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:622
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "incheckningen har ett tomt meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:642
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:707
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsmall"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Det verkar som du checkar in en sammanslagning.\n"
+"Om det inte stämmer tar du bort filen\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"och försöker igen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Det verkar som du checkar in en cherry-pick.\n"
+"Om det inte stämmer tar du bort filen\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"och försöker igen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:735
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ange incheckningsmeddelandet för dina ändringar. Rader som inleds\n"
+"med \"#\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande avbryter incheckningen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:740
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ange incheckningsmeddelandet för dina ändringar. Rader som inleds\n"
+"med \"#\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om du vill.\n"
+"Ett tomt meddelande avbryter incheckningen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%sFörfattare: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%sIncheckare: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:780
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "Kan inte läsa indexet"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:817
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "Fel vid byggande av träd"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Ange meddelandet en av flaggorna -m eller -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr "Hittade ingen befintlig författare med \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Ogiltigt läge för ospårade filer: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:984
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "Kan inte använda både --reset-author och --author"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "Du har inget att utöka."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:998
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Du är i mitten av en sammanslagning -- kan inte utöka."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "Du är i mitten av en cherry-pick -- kan inte utöka."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "Flaggorna --squash och --fixup kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Endast en av -c/-C/-F/--fixup kan användas."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "Flaggan -m kan inte kombineras med -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset-author kan endast användas med -C, -c eller --amend."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"Endast en av --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch kan användas."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "Du måste ange sökvägar tillsammans med --include/--only."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr "Smart... utöka den senaste med smutsigt index."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr "Explicita sökvägar angavs utan -i eller -o; antar --only sökvägar..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "Felaktigt städningsläge %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "Kan inte ange sökvägar med -a."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "--long och -z är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "vis koncis status"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "visa information om gren"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "maskinläsbar utdata"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "visa status i långt format (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "terminera poster med NUL"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "läge"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr "visa ospårade filer, valfria lägen: alla, normal, no. (Standard: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr "visa ignorerade filer"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "när"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"ignorera ändringar i undermoduler, valfritt när: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "visa ospårade filer i spalter"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte slå upp en precis skapad incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka en precis skapad incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "frånkopplad HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (rotincheckning)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "undertryck sammanfattning efter framgångsrik incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "visa diff i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningsmeddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "läs meddelande från fil"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "författare"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "överstyr författare för incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "datum"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "överstyr datum för inchecknignen"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
+#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr "återanvänd och redigera meddelande från angiven incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "återanvänd meddelande från angiven incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att fixa angiven incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"använd autosquash-formaterat meddelande för att slå ihop med angiven "
+"incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr "jag är nu författare av incheckningen (används med -C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "lägg till Signed-off-by:"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "använd angiven mallfil"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "tvinga redigering av incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "standard"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "hur blanksteg och #kommentarer skall tas bort från meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "inkludera status i mallen för incheckningsmeddelandet"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+msgid "key id"
+msgstr "nyckel-id"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "GPG-signera incheckning"
+
+#. end commit message options
+#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för incheckningens innehåll"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "checka in alla ändrade filer"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "lägg till angivna filer till indexet för incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "lägg till filer interaktivt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "lägg till ändringar interaktivt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "checka endast in angivna filer"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+msgstr "förbigå pre-commit-krok"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "visa vad som skulle checkas in"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "lägg till föregående incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "förbigå post-rewrite-krok"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "ok att registrera en tom ändring"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "ok att registrera en ändring med tomt meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka HEAD:s incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna \"%s\" för läsning"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "Trasig MERGE_HEAD-fil (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelande: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "Avbryter incheckning; meddelandet inte redigerat.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "Avbryter på grund av tomt incheckningsmeddelande.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva incheckningsobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr "kunde inte låsa HEAD-referens"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera HEAD-referens"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Arkivet har uppdaterats, men kunde inte skriva filen\n"
+"new_index. Kontrollera att disken inte är full och\n"
+"att kvoten inte har överskridits, och kör sedan\n"
+"\"git reset HEAD\" för att återställa."
+
+#: builtin/config.c:7
+msgid "git config [options]"
+msgstr "git config [flaggor]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:51
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Konfigurationsfilens plats"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:52
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "använd global konfigurationsfil"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:53
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "använd systemets konfigurationsfil"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:54
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "använd arkivets konfigurationsfil"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "använd angiven konfigurationsil"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Åtgärd"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "hämta värde: namn [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "hämta alla värden: nyckel [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "hämta värden för reguttr: namn-reguttr [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr "ersätt alla motsvarande variabler: namn värde [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "lägg till en ny variabel: namn värde"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "ta bort en variabel: namn [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "ta bort alla träffar: namn [värde-reguttr]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "byt namn på sektion: gammalt-namn nytt-namn"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "ta bort en sektion: namn"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "visa alla"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "öppna textredigeringsprogram"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68 builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "slot"
+msgstr "plats"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
+msgstr "hitta den inställda färgen: [default]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "hitta färginställningen: [stdout-is-tty]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Typ"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "värdet är \"true\" eller \"false\""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "värdet är ett decimalt tal"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "värdet är --bool eller --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "värdet är en sökväg (fil- eller katalognamn)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Andra"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminera värden med NUL-byte"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "respektera inkluderingsdirektiv vid uppslag"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
+msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:15
+msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
+msgstr "git describe [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>*"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:16
+msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [flaggor] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s inte tillgänglig"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "den annoterade taggen %s har inget inbäddat namn"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "taggen \"%s\" är i verkligheten \"%s\" här"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Objektnamnet är inte giltigt: %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr "%s är inte ett giltigt \"%s\"-objekt"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "ingen tagg motsvarar \"%s\" exakt"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr "söker för att beskriva %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "avslutade sökning på %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga annoterade taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
+"Det finns dock oannoterade taggar: testa --tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga taggar kan beskriva \"%s\".\n"
+"Testa --always, eller skapa några taggar."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "traverserade %lu incheckningar\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"mer än %i taggar hittades; listar de %i senaste\n"
+"gav upp sökningen vid %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "hitta taggen som kommer efter incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "felsök sökstrategin på standard fel"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+msgstr "använd alla referenser i .git/refs"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
+msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+msgstr "använd alla taggar i .git/refs/tags"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:407
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "använd alltid långt format"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:410
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "skriv endast ut exakta träffar"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:412
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "överväg de <n> nyaste taggarna (standard: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:414
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "överväg endast taggar som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "visa förkortade incheckningsobjekt som standard"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "märke"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:418
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr "lägg till <märke> på lortigt arbetsträd (standard: \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long är inkompatibel med --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "Inga namn hittades, kan inte beskriva något."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr "--dirty är inkompatibelt med \"committish\"-värden"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "\"%s\": inte en normal fil eller symbolisk länk"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "ogiltig flagga: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:305
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "Inte ett git-arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "objektet \"%s\" som angavs är felaktigt."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr "mer än %d träd angavs: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "mer än två blobbar angavs: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "ej hanterat objekt \"%s\" angavs."
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:22
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-flaggor]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "visa förlopp efter <n> objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "välj hantering av signerade taggar"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "välj hantering av taggar som har taggfiltrerade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Dump märken till filen"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "Importera märken från filen"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "Fejka taggare när taggen saknar en"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "Skriv ut hela trädet för varje incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "Använd done-funktionen för att avsluta strömmen"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Hoppa över skrivning av blob-data"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<flaggor>] [<arkiv> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<flaggor>] <grupp>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<flaggor>] [(<arkiv> | <grupp>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:60
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "hämta från alla fjärrar"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:62
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "lägg till i .git/FETCH_HEAD istället för att skriva över"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:64
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "sökväg till upload pack på fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:65
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "tvinga överskrivning av lokal gren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:67
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "hämta från flera fjärrar"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:69
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "hämta alla taggar och associerade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:71
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "hämta inte alla taggar (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:73
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr "rensa fjärrspårande grenar ej längre på fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:74
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "on-demand"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:75
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "styr rekursiv hämtning av undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:79
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "behåll hämtade paket"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:81
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "tillåt uppdatering av HEAD-referens"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:84
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "fördjupa historik för grund klon"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "kat"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "lägg till i början av undermodulens sökvägsutdata"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr "standardläge för rekursion"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta fjärr-referensen HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "objektet %s hittades inte"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[àjour]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (kan inte hämta i aktuell gren)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[refuserad]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[uppdaterad tagg]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr "  (kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[ny tagg]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[ny gren]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[ny ref]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "kunde inte uppdatera lokal ref"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "tvingad uppdatering"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr "(ej snabbspolad)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna %s: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s sände inte alla nödvändiga objekt\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Från %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"vissa lokala referenser kunde inte uppdateras; testa att köra\n"
+" \"git remote prune %s\" för att ta bort gamla grenar som står i konflikt"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s kommer bli dinglande)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s har blivit dinglande)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[borttagen]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(ingen)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr "Vägrar hämta till aktuell gren %s i ett icke-naket arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr "Vet inte hur man hämtar från %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" och värdet \"%s\" är inte giltigt för %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "Flaggan \"%s\" ignoreras för %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Hämtar %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Inget fjärrarkiv angavs. Ange antingen en URL eller namnet på ett\n"
+"fjärrarkiv som nya incheckningar skall hämtas från."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Du måste ange namnet på en tagg."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all tar inte namnet på ett arkiv som argument"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all kan inte anges med referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "Fjärren eller fjärrgruppen finns inte: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta från grupp och ange referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
+msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <meddelande>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <fil>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "fyll i loggen med som mest <n> poster från shortlog"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "alias för --log (avråds)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "text"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "inled meddelande med <text>"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "fil att läsa från"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
+msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [flaggor] [<mönster>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "citera platshållare passande för skal"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "citera platshållare passande för perl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "citera platshållare passande för python"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+msgstr "citera platshållare passande för tcl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "visa endast <n> träffade refs"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "format"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "format att använda för utdata"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "nyckel"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "fältnamn att sortera på"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:608
+msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [flaggor] [<objekt>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "visa onåbara objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "visa dinglande objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "rapportera taggar"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:617
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "rapportera rotnoder"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "gör indexojekt till huvudnoder"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:619
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "gör refloggar till huvudnoder (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:620
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "ta även hänsyn till paket och alternativa objekt"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:621
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "aktivera striktare kontroll"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:623
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "skriv dinglande objekt i .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "visa förlopp"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:22
+msgid "git gc [options]"
+msgstr "git gc [flaggor]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt %s: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr "tokigt lång objektkatalog %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:179
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "rensa ej refererade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:181
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "var mer grundlig (ökar körtiden)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:182
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "aktivera auto-gc-läge"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Packar arkivet automatiskt för optimal prestanda. Du kan även\n"
+"köra \"git gc\" manuellt. Se \"git help gc\" för mer information.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:249
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+"Det finns för många onåbara lösa objekt; kör \"git prune\" för att ta bort "
+"dem."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:22
+msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [flaggor] [-e] <mönster> [<rev>...] [[--] <sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: misslyckades skapa tråd. %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte byta katalog (chdir): %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:443 builtin/grep.c:478
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa träd (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:493
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte \"grep\" från objekt av typen %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "flaggan \"%c\" antar ett numeriskt värde"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:643
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "sök i indexet istället för i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:645
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "sök i innehål som inte hanteras av git"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:647
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "sök i både spårade och ospårade filer"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:649
+msgid "search also in ignored files"
+msgstr "sök även i ignorerade filer"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:652
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "vis rader som inte träffas"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:654
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "skiftlägesokänslig sökning"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:656
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "matcha endast mönster vid ordgränser"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:658
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "hantera binärfiler som text"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:660
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "träffa inte mönster i binärfiler"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:663
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "gå som mest ned <djup> nivåer"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:667
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "använd utökade POSIX-reguljära uttryck"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:670
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "använd grundläggande POSIX-reguljära uttryck (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:673
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "tolka mönster som fixerade strängar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:676
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "använd Perlkompatibla reguljära uttryck"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:679
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "visa radnummer"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:680
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "visa inte filnamn"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:681
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "visa filnamn"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:683
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "visa filnamn relativa till toppkatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:685
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "visa endast filnamn istället för träffade rader"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:687
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "synonym för --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:690
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "visa endast namn på filer utan träffar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:692
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "skriv NUL efter filnamn"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:694
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "visa antal träffar istället för träffade rader"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:695
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "ljusmarkera träffar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:697
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr "skriv tomma rader mellan träffar från olika filer"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:699
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr "visa filnamn endast en gång ovanför träffar från samma fil"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:702
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang före och efter träffar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:705
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang före träffar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:707
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "visa <n> rader sammanhang efter träffar"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:708
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "genväg för -C NUM"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:711
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "visa en rad med funktionsnamnet före träffen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:713
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "visa den omkringliggande funktionen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:716
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "läs mönster från fil"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:718
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "träffa <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:720
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "kombinera mönster som anges med -e"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "ange träff med slutstatuskod utan utdata"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr "visa endast träffar från filer som träffar alla mönster"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:736
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "visa analysträd för grep-uttryck"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "bläddrare"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "visa träffade filer i filbläddraren"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "tillåt anropa grep(1) (ignoreras av detta bygge)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:744 builtin/show-ref.c:184
+msgid "show usage"
+msgstr "visa användning"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "inget mönster angavs."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr "felaktigt objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager fungerar endast i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached och --untracked kan inte användas med --no-index."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr "--no-index och --untracked kan inte användas med revisioner."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:897
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard kan inte användas för spårat innehåll."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:905
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "både --cached och träd angavs."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:60
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<file>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <typ>] [-w] [--path=<fil>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<fil>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:61
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <sökvägslista>"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "typ"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "objekttyp"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:73
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "skriv objektet till objektdatabasen"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:74
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "läs objektet från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:76
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "spara filen som den är utan filer"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:77
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "hantera filen som om den kom från sökvägen"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "visa alla tillgängliga kommandon"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "visa manualsida"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "visa manual i webbläsare"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "visa info-sida"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [kommando]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "okänt hjälpformat: %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:93
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Misslyckades starta emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:106
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Kunde inte tolka emacsclient-version."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "emacsclient version \"%d\" för gammal (< 22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr "exec misslyckades för \"%s\": %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\": sökväg för man-visare som ej stöds.\n"
+"Använd \"man.<verktyg>.cmd\" istället."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\": kommando för man-visare som stöds.\n"
+"Använd \"man.<verktyg>.path\" istället."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:299
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "De mest använda git-kommandona är:"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "\"%s\": okänd man-visare."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:384
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "ingen man-visare hanterade förfrågan"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:392
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "ingen info-visare hanterade förfrågan"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "användning: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "\"git %s\" är ett alias för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "objekttyp stämmer inte överens vid %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr "objekt av oväntad typ"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
+msgstr[1] "kan inte fylla %d byte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "tidigt filslut"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "indataläsfel"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "använde fler byte än tillgängligt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "paket för stort för nuvarande definition av off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna paketfilen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "paketsignatur stämmer inte överens"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "paketversion %<PRIu32> stöds ej"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr "paketet har felaktigt objekt vid index %lu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "inflate returnerade %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "indexvärdespill för deltabasobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "deltabasindex utanför gränsen"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "okänd objekttyp %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "kan inte utföra \"pread\" på paketfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
+msgstr[1] "för tidigt slut på paketfilen, %lu byte saknas"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "allvarlig inflate-inkonsekvens"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "SHA1-KOLLISION UPPTÄCKT VID %s !"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa befintligt objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt blob-objekt %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "ogiltigt %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "Fel i objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "Inte alla barnobjekt för %s kan nås"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "misslyckades tillämpa delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Tar emot objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Skapar index för objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "paketet är trasigt (SHA1 stämmer inte)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "kan inte utföra \"fstat\" på paketfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "paket har skräp i slutet"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett i parse_pack_objects()"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Analyserar delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa tråd: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "förvirrad bortom vanvett"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr "slutfördes med %d lokala objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "Oväntad svanschecksumma för %s (trasig disk?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "paketet har %d oanalyserat delta"
+msgstr[1] "paketet har %d oanalyserade delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "kunde inte utföra \"deflate\" på tillagt objekt (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "lokalt objekt %s är trasigt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "fel vid stängning av paketfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta skriva \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "akn inte stänga skriven \"keep\"-fil \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "kan inte spara paketfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "kan inte spara indexfil"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "felaktig pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "felaktigt antal trådar angivet (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "trådstöd saknas, ignorerar %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintlig paketfil \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "Kan inte öppna befintligt paket-idx-fil för \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
+msgstr[1] "icke-delta: %d objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
+msgstr[1] "kedjelängd = %d: %lu objekt"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "Kan inte gå tillbaka till arbetskatalogen (cwd)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "felaktig %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin kan inte användas med --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "paketfilnamnet \"%s\" slutar inte med \".pack\""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify angavs utan paketfilnamn"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Kunde inte göra %s skrivbar för gruppen"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr "tokigt långt namn på mallen %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta status på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta status på mallen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte öppna katalogen (opendir) \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa länk (readlink) \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr "tokigt lång symbolisk länk %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa symbolisk länk \"%s\" \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "kan inte kopiera \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "ignorerar mallen %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr "tokigt lång mallsökväg %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "mallarna hittades inte %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr "kopierade inte mallar från felaktig formatversion %d från \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr "tokig git-katalog %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s finns redan"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "kan inte hantera filtyp %d"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta %s till %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa gitlänk %s"
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s Git-arkiv i %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "Ominitierade befintligt"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Initierade tomt"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:422
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " delat"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:441
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa aktuell katalog (cwd)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
+"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<mallkatalog>] [--shared"
+"[=<behörigheter>]] [katalog]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "behörigheter"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr "ange att git-arkivet skall delas bland flera användare"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "var tyst"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "kan inte skapa katalogen (mkdir) %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "kan inte byta katalog (chdir) till %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (eller --work-tree=<katalog>) inte tillåtet utan att ange %s (eller --git-"
+"dir=<katalog>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:579
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr "Kan inte komma åt aktuell arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "Kan inte komma åt arbetskatalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:37
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<flaggor>] [<sedan>..<till>] [[--] <sökväg>...]\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:38
+msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
+msgstr "     eller: git show [flaggor] <objekt>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:100
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "undertryck diff-utdata"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:101
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "visa källkod"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:102
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "dekoreringsflaggor"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "Slututdata: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Okänd typ: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:613
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers utan värde"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:687
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "namnet på utdatakatalogen är för långt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "Kan inte öppna patchfilen %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:712
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "Behöver precis ett intervall."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:720
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "Inte ett intervall."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:794
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "Omslagsbrevet behöver e-postformat"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "tokigt in-reply-to: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:895
+msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [flaggor] [<sedan> | <revisionsintervall>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:940
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Två utdatakataloger?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1068
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "använd [PATCH n/m] även för en ensam patch"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1071
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "använd [PATCH] även för flera patchar"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1075
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "skriv patcharna på stnadard ut"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1077
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "generera ett följebrev"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1079
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr "använd enkel nummersekvens för utdatafilnamn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1080
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "sfx"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1081
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "använd <sfx> istället för \".patch\""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "börja numrera patchar på <n> istället för 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1085
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Använd [<prefix>] istället för [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "spara filerna i <katalog>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1091
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "ta inte bort eller lägg till [PATCH]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1094
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "skriv inte binära diffar"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1096
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "ta inte med patchar som motsvarar en uppströmsincheckning"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "visa patchformat istället för standard (patch + stat)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "E-post"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1101
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "huvud"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1102
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "lägg till e-posthuvud"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "epost"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "Lägg till mottagarhuvud (\"To:\")"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "Lägg till kopiehuvud (\"Cc:\")"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1107
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "meddelande-id"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "Gör det första brevet ett svar till <meddelande-id>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "gräns"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1110
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "bifoga patchen"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1113
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "gör patchen ett inline-objekt"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "aktivera brevtrådning, typer: shallow, deep"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "signatur"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "lägg till signatur"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "visa inte filnamn för patchar"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr "felaktig incheckarinformation %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1208
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1210
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix och -k kan inte användas samtidigt."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1218
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "kan inte använda --name-only"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1220
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "kan inte använda --name-status"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1222
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "kan inte använda --check"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1245
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "standard ut, eller katalog, vilken skall det vara?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa katalogen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1400
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Misslyckades skapa utdatafiler"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1449
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<uppström> [<huvud> [<gräns>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta en spårad fjärrgren, ange <uppström> manuellt.\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Okänd incheckning %s"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [flaggor] [<fil>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "identifiera filstatus med taggar"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr "använd små bokstäver för \"anta oförändrade\"-filer"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "visa cachade filer i utdata (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "visa borttagna filer i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "visa modifierade filer i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "visa andra filer i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "visa ignorerade filer i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "visa köat innehålls objektnamn i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "visa filer i filsystemet som behöver tas bort"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
+msgstr "visa endast namn för \"andra\" kataloger"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "visa inte tomma kataloger"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "visa ej sammanslagna filer i utdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "visa \"resolve-undo\"-information"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "hoppa över filer som motsvarar mönster"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "exkludera mönster som läses från <fil>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "läs ytterligare per-katalog-exkluderingsmönster från <fil>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "lägg till git:s standardexkluderingar"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "gör utdata relativ till projektets toppkatalog"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "om en <fil> inte är indexet, betrakta det som ett fel"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "träd-igt"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr "låtsas att sökvägar borttagna sedan <träd-igt> fortfarande finns"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "visa felsökningsutdata"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<flaggor>] <träd-igt> [<sökväg>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "visa endast träd"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "rekursera ner i underträd"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "visa träd medan rekursering"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "terminera poster med NUL-byte"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "inkludera objektstorlek"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "visa endast filnamn"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "använd fullständiga sökvägsnamn"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr "visa hela trädet; inte bara aktuell katalog (implicerar --full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:43
+msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [flaggor] [<incheckning>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:44
+msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge [flaggor] <meddelande> HEAD <incheckning>"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:45
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "flaggan \"m\" behöver ett värde"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta sammanslagningsstrategin \"%s\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "Tillgängliga strategier är:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Tillgängliga skräddarsydda strategier är:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:183
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "visa inte en diffstat när sammanslagningen är färdig"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:186
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "visa en diffstat när sammanslagningen är färdig"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:187
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(synonym till --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:189
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+"lägg till (som mest <n>) poster från shortlog till incheckningsmeddelandet"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:192
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "skapa en ensam incheckning istället för en sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:194
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "utför en incheckning om sammanslagningen lyckades (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:196
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "redigera meddelande innan incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:198
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "avbryt om snabbspolning inte är möjlig"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "strategi"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "sammanslagninsstrategi att använda"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "alternativ=värde"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "alternativ för vald sammanslagningsstrategi"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr "incheckningsmeddelande för (icke snabbspolande) sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "avbryt den pågående sammanslagningen"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "kunde köra stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "stash misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "inte ett giltigt objekt: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "read-tree misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (inget att platta till)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Tillplattningsincheckning -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Skriver SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Avslutar SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Inget sammanslagningsmeddelande -- uppdaterar inte HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "\"%s\" verkar inte peka på en incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktig branch.%s.mergeoptions-sträng: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:628
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree misslyckades skriva ett träd"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:656
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "Hanterar inte något annat än en sammanslagning av två huvuden."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "Felaktig flagga för merge-recursive: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa från \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Checkar inte in sammanslagningen; använd \"git commit\" för att slutföra "
+"den.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande för att förklara varför sammanslagningen\n"
+"är nödvändig, speciellt om den slår in en uppdaterad uppström i en\n"
+"temagren.\n"
+"\n"
+"Rader som inleds med \"#\" kommer ignoreras, och ett tomt meddelande\n"
+"avbryter incheckningen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Tomt incheckningsmeddelande."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Underbart.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte slå ihop automatiskt; fixa konflikter och checka in resultatet.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte en incheckning"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:946
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "Inte på någon gren."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:948
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "Ingen fjärr för aktuell gren."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:950
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "Ingen standarduppström angiven för aktuell gren."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "Ingen fjärrspårande gren för %s från %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - inte något vi kan slå ihop"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "Det finns ingen sammanslagning att avbryta (MERGE_HEAD saknas)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns).\n"
+"Checka in dina ändringar innan du kan slå ihop."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Du har inte avslutat sammanslagningen (MERGE_HEAD finns)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns).\n"
+"Checka in dina ändringar innan du kan slå ihop."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Du har inte avslutat din \"cherry-pick\" (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD finns)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --squash med --no-ff."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr "Du kan inte kombinera --no-ff med --ff-only."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "Ingen incheckning angiven och merge.defaultToUpstream är ej satt."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "Kan endast slå ihop en enda incheckning i ett tomt huvud."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Stöder inte en tillplattningsincheckning på ett tomt huvud ännu"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "Icke-snabbspolad incheckning kan inte användas med ett tomt huvud"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Uppdaterar %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "Försöker riktigt enkel sammanslagning i indexet...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "Nej.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "Kan inte snabbspola, avbryter."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "Återspolar trädet till orört...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Försöker sammanslagninsstrategin %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Ingen sammanslagningsstrategi hanterade sammanslagningen.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Sammanslagning med strategin %s misslyckades.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "Använder %s för att förbereda lösning för hand.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Automatisk sammanslagning lyckades; stoppar före incheckning som önskat\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:26
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <incheckning> <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:27
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:28
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <incheckning> <incheckning>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:98
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "skriv ut alla gemensamma anfäder"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:99
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "hitta anfader för enkel n-vägssammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:100
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "visa revisioner som inte kan nås från andra"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:102
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "är den första anfader till den andra?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
+"file2"
+msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [alternativ] [-L namn1 [-L orig [-L namn2]]] fil1 origfil fil2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "sänd resultat till standard ut"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "använd diff3-baserad sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "för konflikter, använd vår version"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "för konflikter, använd deras version"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "för konflikter, använd en förenad version"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "för konflikter, använd denna markörstorlek"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "varna inte om konflikter"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgstr "sätt etiketter för fil1/origfil/fil2"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:67
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "indata är NUL-terminerad"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "tillåt saknade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "tillåt skapa mer än ett träd"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:14
+msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [flaggor] <källa>... <mål>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:64
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "tvinga flytta/ändra namn även om målet finns"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:65
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "hoppa över fel vid flytt/namnändring"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Kontrollerar namnbyte av \"%s\" till \"%s\"\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "felaktig källa"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta katalog till sig själv"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "kan inte flytta katalog över fil"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr "Vad? %.*s är i indexet?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "källkatalogen är tom"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "inte versionshanterad"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "destinationen finns"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "skriver över \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "Kan inte skriva över"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "flera källor för samma mål"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, källa=%s, mål=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Byter namn på %s till %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades byta namn på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:175
+msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] <incheckning>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:176
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:177
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [flaggor] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:229
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "skriv endast namn (ingen SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:230
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "använd endast taggar för att namnge incheckningar"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:232
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "använd endast referenser som motsvarar <mönster>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:234
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr "lista alla incheckningar som kan nås alla referenser"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:235
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "läs från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:236
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
+msgstr "tillåt att skriva \"odefinierade\" namn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] [list [<objekt>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] add [-f] [-m <medd> | -F <fil> | (-c | -"
+"C) <objekt>] [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] copy [-f] <från-objekt> <till-objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] append [-m <medd> | -F <fil> | (-c | -C) "
+"<objekt>] [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] edit [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] show [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategi> ] "
+"<anteckningsref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] remove [<objekt>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <anteckningsref>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<objekt>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<flaggor>] [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<flaggor>] <från-objekt> <till-objekt>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<från-objekt> <till-objekt>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<flaggor>] [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<flaggor>] <anteckningsref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<objekt>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<flaggor>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte starta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna (fdopen) \"show\"-utdata-filhandtag"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte stänga röret till \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte avsluta \"show\" för objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte skapa filen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:192
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "Ange innehåll för anteckningen med antingen -m eller -F"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Tar bort anteckning för objektet %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:218
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva anteckningsobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr "Anteckningens innehåll har lämnats kvar i %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte läsa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte öppna eller läsa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
+#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
+#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
+#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Kunde inte slå upp \"%s\" som en giltig referens."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa objektet \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr "Kan inte checka in oinitierat/orefererat anteckningsträd"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde för notes.rewriteMode: '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Vägrar skriva över anteckningar i %s (utanför refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Felaktigt värde på %s: \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Felaktig indatarad: \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades kopiera anteckningar från \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
+#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "för många parametrar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "Inga anteckningar hittades för objektet %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll som sträng"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "anteckningsinnehåll i en fil"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
+#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "objekt"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "återanvänd och redigera angivet anteckningsobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "återanvänd angivet anteckningsobjekt"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "ersätt befintliga anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte lägga till anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för "
+"objektet %s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Skriver över befintliga anteckningar för objektet %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:618
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "läs objekt från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:620
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "läs omskrivningsinställning för <kommando> (implicerar --stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:638
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "för få parametrar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Kan inte kopiera anteckningar. Hittade befintliga anteckningar för objektet "
+"%s. Använd \"-f\" för att skriva över befintliga anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "Anteckningar på källobjektet %s saknas. Kan inte kopiera."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Flaggorna -m/-F/-c/-C rekommenderas inte för underkommandot \"edit\".\n"
+"Använd \"git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C\" istället.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Allmänna flaggor"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Flaggor för sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"läs konflikter i anteckningar med angiven strategi (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "Checkar in ej sammanslagna anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+"färdigställ sammanslagning av anteckningar genom att checka in ej "
+"sammanslagna anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:877
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "Avbryt lösning av sammanslagning av anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:879
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "avbryt sammanslagning av anteckningar"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "Objektet %s har ingen anteckning\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "försök att ta bort icke-existerande anteckningar är inte ett fel"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:989
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "läs objektnamn från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+msgid "notes_ref"
+msgstr "anteckningar-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "använd anteckningar från <anteckningsref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Okänt underkommando: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
+msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects --stdout [flaggor...] [< reflista | < objektlista]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
+msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr "git pack-objects [flaggor...] basnamn [< reflista | < objektlista]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "fel i deflate (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2397
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "indexversionen %s stöds ej"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2401
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "felaktig indexversion \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2424
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "flaggan %s godtar inte negativ form"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2428
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr "kunde inte tolka värdet \"%s\" för flaggan %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2447
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "visa inte förloppsindikator"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2449
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "visa förloppsindikator"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "visa förloppsindikator under objektskrivningsfasen"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "som --all-progress när förloppsmätaren visas"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "version[,offset]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr "skriv paketindexfilen i angiven indexformatversion"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2459
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "maximal storlek på varje utdatapaketfil"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2461
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "ignorera lånade objekt från alternativa objektlager"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2463
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "ignorera packade objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2465
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "begränsa paketfönster efter objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2467
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "begränsa paketfönster efter minne förutom objektgräns"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2469
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "maximal längd på deltakedja tillåten i slutligt paket"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2471
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "återanvänd befintliga delta"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2473
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "återanvänd befintliga objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "använd OFS_DELTA-objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "använd trådar vid sökning efter bästa deltaträffar"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "försök inte skapa tom paketutdata"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2481
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "läs revisionsargument från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2483
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "begränsa objekt till de som ännu inte packats"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2486
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "inkludera objekt som kan nås från någon referens"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2489
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "inkludera objekt som refereras från referensloggposter"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2492
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "skriv paket på standard ut"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2494
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "inkludera taggobjekt som refererar objekt som skall packas"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2496
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "behåll onåbara objekt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497 parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "tid"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr "packa upp onåbara objekt nyare än <tid>"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2501
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "skapa tunna paket"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2503
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "ignorera paket som har tillhörande .keep-fil"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2505
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "komprimeringsgrad för paket"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2507
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "göm inte incheckningar med ympningar (\"grafts\")"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [flaggor]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "packa allt"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "ta bort lösa referenser (standard)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:12
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <tid>] [--] [<huvud>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:132
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "ta inte bort, bara visa"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:133
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "rapportera borttagna objekt"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:136
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "låt tid gå ut för objekt äldre än <tid>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:14
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<flaggor>] [<arkiv> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "taggförkortning utan <tagg>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete godtar endast enkla målreferensnamn"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"För att välja ett av alternativen permanent, se push.default i \"git help "
+"config\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Uppströmsgrenen för din nuvarande gren stämmer inte överens\n"
+"med namnet på din aktuella gren. För att sända till uppströmsgrenen\n"
+"i fjärrarkivet använder du\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"För att sända till grenen med samma namn i fjärrarkivet använder du\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Du är inte på någon gren för närvarande.\n"
+"För att sända in historiken som leder till den aktuella (frånkopplat\n"
+"HEAD) situationen använder du\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<namn-på-fjärrgren>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Den aktuella grenen %s har ingen uppströmsgren.\n"
+"För att sända aktuell gren och ange fjärrarkiv som uppström använder du\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "Den aktuella grenen %s har flera uppströmsgrenar, vägrar sända."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Du sänder till fjärren \"%s\", som inte är uppströms för den\n"
+"aktuella grenen \"%s\", utan att tala om för mig vad som\n"
+"skall sändas för att uppdatera fjärrgrenen."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:151
+msgid ""
+"push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+"and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+"information.\n"
+"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+msgstr ""
+"push.default har inte ställts in; dess underförstådda värde\n"
+"ändras i Git 2.0 från \"matching\" till \"simple\". För att\n"
+"undertrycka det här meddelandet och behålla nuvarande beteende\n"
+"efter att förvalet ändras,\n"
+"skriver du:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"För att undertrycka meddelandet och välja det nya beteendet nu skriver du:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"Se \"git help config\" och sök efter \"push.default\" för ytterligare \n"
+"information. (Läget \"simple\" introducerades i Git 1.7.11. Använd det\n"
+"liknande läget \"current\" istället för \"simple\" om du ibland använder\n"
+"äldre versioner av Git.)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:199
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Du angav inga referensspecifikationer att sända, och push.default är "
+"\"nothing\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:206
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdateringar avvisades då änden på din befintliga gren är bakom\n"
+"dess fjärrmotsvarighet. Slå ihop fjärrändringarna (t.ex. \"git pull\")\n"
+"innan du sänder igen.\n"
+"Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forward\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:212
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdateringar avvisades då änden på en insänd gren är bakom dess\n"
+"fjärrmotsvarighet. Om det inte var meningen att sända in grenen, bör\n"
+"du specificera grenar att sända, eller ändra inställningsvariabeln\n"
+"\"push-default\" till \"simple\", \"current\" eller \"upstream\" för att "
+"endast\n"
+"sända aktuell gren."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:218
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdateringar avvisades då änden på en gren som sänds in är bakom dess\n"
+"fjärrmotsvarighet. Checka ut grenen och slå ihop fjärrändringarna (t.ex.\n"
+"\"git pull\") innan du sänder igen.\n"
+"Se avsnittet \"Note about fast-forward\" i \"git push --help\" för detaljer."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Sänder till %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "misslyckades sända vissa referenser till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "felaktigt arkiv \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:295
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Ingen destination har angivits.\n"
+"Ange antingen URL:en på kommandoraden eller ställ in ett uppströmsarkiv med\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <namn> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"och sänd sedan med hjälp av fjärrnamnet\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <namn>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:310
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all och --tags är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:311
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:316
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror och --tags är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:317
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror kan inte kombineras med referensspecifikationer"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:322
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all och --mirror är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:382
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:383
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "sänd alla referenser"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:384
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "spegla alla referenser"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:386
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "ta bort referenser"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr "sänd taggar (kan inte användas med --all eller --mirror)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:390
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "tvinga uppdateringar"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "check"
+msgstr "kontrollera"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "styr rekursiv insändning av undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:394
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "använd tunna paket"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "program för att ta emot paket"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "ställ in uppström för git pull/status"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:400
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "ta bort lokalt borttagna referenser"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:410
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete är imkompatibel med --all, --mirror och --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:412
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete kan inte användas utan referenser"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:36
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<fil>] (--empty | <träd-igt1> [<träd-igt2> [<träd-igt3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:108
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "skriv resulterande index till <fil>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:111
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "töm bara indexet"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "Sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "utför en sammanslagning i tillägg till en läsning"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr "3-vägssammanslagning om sammanslagning på filnivå ej krävs"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "3-vägssammanslagning när det finns tillägg och borttagningar"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "som -m, men kasta bort ej sammanslagna poster"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:122
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<underkatalog>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "läs in trädet i indexet under <underkatalog>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "uppdatera arbetskatalogen med resultatet från sammanslagningen"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "tillåt explicit ignorerade filer att skrivas över"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "kontrollera inte arbetskatalogen efter sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "uppdatera inte indexet eller arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "hoppa över att applicera filter för gles utcheckning"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "felsök unpack-trees"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:11
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <gren>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <namn> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <gammal> <ny>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:42
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | -d | <gren>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<grupp> | <fjärr>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <namn> <gren>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <namn> <nyurl> [<gammalurl>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <namn> <nyurl>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <namn> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:27
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<flaggor>] <namn> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:47
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <namn> <gren>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:48
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <namn> <gren>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:53
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<flaggor>] <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:58
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<flaggor>] <namn>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:63
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<flaggor>] [<grupp> | <fjärr>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Uppdaterar %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror är farlig och föråldrad; använd\n"
+"\t --mirror=fetch eller --mirror=push istället"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "okänt argument till mirror: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "hämta fjärrgrenarna"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr "importera alla taggar och associerade objekt vid hämtning"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "eller hämta inte några taggar alls (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "gren(ar) att spåra"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "huvudgren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:172
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:173
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr "ställ in arkiv som spegel att sända eller ta emot från"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "att ange en master-gren ger ingen mening med --mirror"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "att ange grenar att spåra ger mening bara med hämtningsspeglar"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "fjärrarkivet %s finns redan."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt namn på fjärrarkiv"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte skapa master \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "mer än en %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte hämta mappning för referensspecifikation %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(matchande)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(ta bort)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte tillämpa \"%s\" på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "Inget sådant fjärrarkiv: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte byta namn på konfigurationssektionen \"%s\" till \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort konfigurationssektionen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"Uppdaterar inte icke-standard hämtningsreferensspecifikation\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tUppdatera konfigurationen manuellt om nödvändigt."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte lägga till på \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "Kunde inte sätta \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades ta bort \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "misslyckades skapa \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort grenen %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Observera: En gren utanför hierarkin refs/remotes/ togs inte bort;\n"
+"för att ta bort den, använd:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Observera: Några grenar utanför hierarkin refs/remotes/ togs inte bort;\n"
+"för att ta bort dem, använd:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " ny (nästa hämtning sparar i remotes/%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " spårad"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " förlegad (använd \"git remote prune\" för att ta bort)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "ogiltig branch.%s.merge; kan inte ombasera över > 1 gren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "ombaseras på fjärren %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " sammanslås med fjärren %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    och med fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "sammanslås med fjärren %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr "   och med fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "skapa"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "ta bort"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "àjour"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "kan snabbspolas"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "lokal föråldrad"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s tvingar till %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s sänder till %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s tvingar till %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s sänder till %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1091
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "fråga inte fjärrar"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* fjärr %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  Hämt-URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(ingen URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  Sänd-URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  HEAD-gren: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  HEAD-gren (HEAD på fjärr är tvetydig, kan vara en av följande):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  Fjärrgren:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Fjärrgrenar:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (status inte förfrågad)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Lokal gren konfigurerad för \"git pull\":"
+msgstr[1] "  Lokala grenar konfigurerade för \"git pull\":"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  Lokala referenser speglas av \"git push\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Lokal referens konfigurerad för \"git push\"%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Lokala referenser konfigurerade för \"git push\"%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1199
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "sätt refs/remotes/<namn>/HEAD enligt fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1201
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "ta bort refs/remotes/<namn>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "Kan inte bestämma HEAD på fjärren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr "Flera HEAD-grenar på fjärren. Välj en explicit med:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ta bort %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "Inte en giltig referens: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "Kunde inte ställa in %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s kommer bli dinglande!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s har blivit dinglande!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "Rensar %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [skulle rensa] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " * [rensad] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1321
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "rensa fjärrar efter hämtning"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Ingen sådan fjärr \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1407
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "lägg till gren"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "ingen fjärr angavs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1436
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "manipulera URL:ar för sändning"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1438
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "lägg till URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1440
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "ta bort URL:ar"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete ger ingen mening"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "Felaktig gammalt URL-mönster: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "Ingen sådan URL hittades: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "Kommer inte ta bort alla icke-sänd-URL:er"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "var pratsam; måste skrivas före ett underkommando"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:17
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <objekt> <ersättning>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:18
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <objekt>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git replace -l [<mönster>]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:121
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "visa ersättningsreferenser"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:122
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "ta bort ersättningsreferenser"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:123
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "ersätt referensen om den finns"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:11
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:56
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "registrera rena lösningar i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<incheckning>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <incheckning> [--] <sökvägar>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<incheckning>] [--] [<sökvägar>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "blandad"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "mjuk"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "hård"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "sammanslagning"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "behåll"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "Du har inte en giltig HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "Kunde inte hitta träder för %s."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Kunde inte skriva ny indexfil."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD är nu på %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr "Kunde inte läsa indexet"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Oköade ändringar efter återställning:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "Kan inte utföra en %s återställning mitt i en sammanslagning."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:238
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "var tyst, rapportera endast fel"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:240
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "återställ HEAD och index"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:241
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "återställ endast HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "återställ HEAD, index och arbetskatalog"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:247
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "återställ HEAD men behåll lokala ändringar"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "Kan inte tolka objektet \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:308
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch är inkompatibel med --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:317
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--mixed rekommenderas inte med sökvägar; använd \"git reset -- <sökvägar>\"."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "Kan inte göra %s återställning med sökvägar."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "%s återställning tillåts inte i ett naket arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "Kunde inte återställa indexfilen till versionen \"%s\"."
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<argument>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "behåll \"--\" sänt som argument"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "sluta tolka efter första argument som inte är flagga"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [flaggor] -- [<argument>...]\n"
+"     eller: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<argument>...]\n"
+"     eller: git rev-parse [flaggor] [<argument>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Kör \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" för mer information om den första "
+"varianten."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git revert [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <underkommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [flaggor] <incheckning-igt>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <underkommando>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s kan inte användas med %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "avsluta revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "återuppta revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "avbryt revert- eller cherry-pick-sekvens"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "checka inte in automatiskt"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "redigera incheckningsmeddelandet"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "parent number"
+msgstr "nummer på förälder"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "sammanslagninsstrategi"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "alternativ"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:114
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "alternativ för sammanslagningsstrategi"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:125
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "lägg till incheckningsnamn"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "tillåt snabbspolning"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:127
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "behåll incheckningar som börjar som tomma"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:128
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "tillåt incheckningar med tomt meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:129
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "behåll redundanta, tomma incheckningar"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:133
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "programfel"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:223
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "\"revert\" misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:238
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "\"cherry-pick\" misslyckades"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:15
+msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [flaggor] [--] <fil>..."
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:64 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"undermodulen \"%s\" (eller en av dess undermoduler) använder en .git-"
+"katalog\n"
+"(använd \"rm -rf\" om du verkligen vill ta bort den och all dess historik)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\" har köat ändringar som skiljer sig både från filen och HEAD\n"
+"(använd -f för att tvinga borttagning)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\" har köade ändringar i indexet\n"
+"(använd --cached för att behålla filen eller -f för att tvinga borttagning)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"\"%s\" har lokala ändringar\n"
+"(använd --cached för att behålla filen eller -f för att tvinga borttagning)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:207
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "lista inte borttagna filer"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:208
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "ta bara bort från indexet"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:209
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "överstyr àjour-testet"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "tillåt rekursiv borttagning"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:212
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "avsluta med nollstatus även om inget träffades"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "tar inte bort \"%s\" rekursivt utan -r"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: kan inte ta bort %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgstr ""
+"git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-flaggor] [--] [<incheckning-id>... ]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "Författare saknas: %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "sortera utdata enligt antal incheckningar per författare"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "Undertryck beskrivningar, visa bara antal incheckningar"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Visa e-postadress för varje författare"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "Radbryt utdata"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<när>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<mönster>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<bas>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "visa fjärrspårande och lokala grenar"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "visa fjärrspårande grenar"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "färga \"*!+-\" enligt grenen"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "visa <n> ytterligare incheckningar efter gemensam anfader"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "synonym till more=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "undertyck namnsträngar"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "inkludera aktuell gren"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "namnge incheckningar med deras objektnamn"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "visa möjliga sammanslaningsbaser"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "visa referenser som inte kan nås från någon annan referens"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "visa incheckningar i topologisk ordning"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "visa endast incheckningar inte på den första grenen"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "visa sammanslagningar som endast kan nås från en spets"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+msgstr "visa incheckningar där ingen förälder kommer före dess barn"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<bas>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "visa <n> nyaste refloggposter med början på bas"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [mönster*] "
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=mönster] < reflista"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:165
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar (kan kombineras med huvuden)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "visa endast huvuden (kan kombineras med taggar)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:167
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr "striktare referenskontroll, kräver exakt referenssökväg"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170 builtin/show-ref.c:172
+msgid "show the HEAD reference"
+msgstr "visa HEAD-referensen"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "avreferera taggar till objekt-id"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "visa SHA1-hash endast med <n> siffror"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:180
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr "visa inte resultat på standard ut (användbart med --verify)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr "visa referenser från standard in som inte finns i lokalt arkiv"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref [flaggor] namn [ref]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] namn"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr ""
+"undertryck felmeddelanden för icke-symboliska (frånkopplade) referenser"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "ta bort symbolisk referens"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "förkorta ref-utdata"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "skäl"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "skäl till uppdateringen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:22
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <nyckel-id>] [-f] [-m <medd>|-F <fil>] <taggnamn> [<huvud>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <taggnamn>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
+"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<antal>]] [--contains <incheckning>] [--points-at <objekt>] \n"
+"\t\t[<mönster>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v <taggnamn>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "felformat objekt vid \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr "taggnamnet för långt: %.*s..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "taggen \"%s\" hittades inte."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Tog bort tagg \"%s\" (var %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr "kunde inte bekräfta taggen \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
+"# Rader som inleds med \"#\" ignoreras.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
+"# Rader som inleds med \"#\" kommer behållas; du kan själv ta bort dem om\n"
+"# du vill.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "kunde inte signera taggen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "kunde inte skriva tagg-filen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "felaktig objekttyp"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr "tagghuvud för stort."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "inget taggmeddelande?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "Taggmeddelandet har lämnats i %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr "flaggan \"points-at\" behöver ett object"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "felformat objektnamn \"%s\""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "lista taggnamn"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "visa <n> rader från varje taggmeddelande"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:451
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "ta bort taggar"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "verifiera taggar"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för att skapa taggar"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "annoterad tagg, behöver meddelande"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "taggmeddelande"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "annoterad och GPG-signerad tagg"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "använd annan nyckel för att signera taggen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:465
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "ersätt taggen om den finns"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "lista taggar i spalter"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:468
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "Alternativ för listning av taggar"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:471
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar som innehåller incheckningen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "visa endast taggar för objektet"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column och -n är inkompatibla"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "Flaggan -n är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "Flaggan --contains är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "Flaggan --points-at är endast tillåten tillsammans med -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "endast en av flaggorna -F eller -m tillåts."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "för många parametrar"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "\"%s\" är inte ett giltigt taggnamn."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "taggen \"%s\" finns redan"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr "%s: kan inte låsa referensen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr "%s: kan inte uppdatera referensen"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Uppdaterad tagg \"%s\" (var %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:401
+msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [flaggor] [--] [<fil>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:718
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr "fortsätt uppdatera även när index inte är àjour"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:721
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "refresh: ignorera undermoduler"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:724
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "ignorera inte nya filer"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:726
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "låt filer ersätta kataloger och omvänt"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:728
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "lägg märke till filer som saknas i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:730
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr "uppdatera även om indexet innehåller ej sammanslagna poster"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:733
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "uppdatera statusinformation"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:737
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "som --refresh, men ignorera assume-unchanged-inställning"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
+msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
+msgstr "<läge> <objekt> <sökväg>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:742
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "lägg till angiven post i indexet"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:747
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "överstyr exekveringsbiten för angivna filer"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:751
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "markera filer som \"ändras inte\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:754
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "rensa \"assume-unchanged\"-biten"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:757
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "markera filer som \"endast index\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:760
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "töm \"skip-worktree\"-biten"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:763
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr "lägg endast till indexet; lägg inte till innehållet i objektdatabasen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:765
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr "ta bort namngivna sökvägar även om de finns i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:767
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "med --stdin: indatarader termineras med null-byte"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:769
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "läs lista över sökvägar att uppdatera från standard in"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:773
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "lägg poster från från standard in till indexet"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:777
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "återfyll etapp 2 och 3 från angivna sökvägar"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:781
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "uppdatera endast poster som skiljer sig från HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:785
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "ignorera filer som saknas i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:788
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "raportera åtgärder på standard ut"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:790
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "(för porslin) glöm sparade olösta konflikter"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:794
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "skriv index i detta format"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:7
+msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [flaggor] -d <refnamn> [<gammaltvärde>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:8
+msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [flaggor]    <refnamn> <gammaltvärde> [<nyttvärde>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:19
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "ta bort referensen"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:21
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "uppdatera <refnamn> inte det den pekar på"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "uppdatera informationsfilerna från grunden"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <paket>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "pratsam"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "visa endast statistik"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tagg>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "visa innehåll för tag"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<prefix>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "visa trädobjekt för underkatalogen <prefix>"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "endast användbart vid felsökning"
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+"Se \"git help <kommando>\" för mer information om ett specifikt kommando."
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "ingen funktion (bakåtkompatibilitet)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "var mer pratsam"
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "var mer tyst"
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "använd <n> siffror för att visa SHA-1:or"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Lägg filinnehåll till indexet"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Binärsök för att hitta ändringen som introducerade ett fel"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Visa, skapa eller ta bort grenar"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr "Checka ut en gren eller filer i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Klona ett arkiv till en ny katalog"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Protokollför ändringar i arkivet"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "Visa ändringar mellan incheckningar, med arbetskatalogen, osv"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Hämta objekt och referenser från annat arkiv"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "Visa rader som motsvarar mönster"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "Skapa tomt git-arkiv eller ominitiera ett befintligt"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Visa incheckningsloggar"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "Slå ihop två eller flera utvecklingshistorier"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Flytta eller byt namn på en fil, katalog eller symbolisk länk"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Hämta från och slå ihop med annat arkiv eller en lokal gren"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "Uppdatera fjärr-referenser och tillhörande objekt"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr "Framåtanpassa lokala kommandon på uppdaterat uppströmshuvud"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Återställ aktuell HEAD till angivet tillstånd"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Ta bort filer från arbetskatalogen och från indexet"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Visa olika sorters objekt"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Visa status för arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "Skapa, visa, ta bort eller verifiera GPG-signerat taggobjekt"
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "Du måste ställa in din incheckarinformation först"
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Du verkar ha flyttat HEAD sedan \"am\" sist misslyckades.\n"
+"Återställer inte till ORIG_HEAD"
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"När du har löst problemet kör du \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr "Kan inte falla tillbaka på trevägssammanslagning."
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Arkivet saknar objekt som behövs för att falla tillbaka på 3-"
+"vägssammanslagning."
+
+#: git-am.sh:139
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "Använder indexinfo för att åteskapa ett basträd..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Har du handredigerat din patch?\n"
+"Den kan inte tillämpas på blobbar som antecknats i dess index."
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr ""
+"Faller tillbaka på att pacha grundversionen och trevägssammanslagning..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:179
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Misslyckads slå ihop ändringarna."
+
+#: git-am.sh:274
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Endast en StGIT-patchserie kan tillämpas åt gången"
+
+#: git-am.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr "Patchformatet $patch_format stöds inte."
+
+#: git-am.sh:363
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Misslyckades detektera patchformat."
+
+#: git-am.sh:389
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Flaggan -b/--binary har varit utan funktion länge, och\n"
+"kommer tas bort. Vi ber dig att inte använda den längre."
+
+#: git-am.sh:477
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "tidigare rebase-katalog $dotest finns fortfarande, men mbox angavs."
+
+#: git-am.sh:482
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr "Bestäm dig. --skip eller --abort?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:509
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "Lösningsoperation pågår inte, vi återupptar inte."
+
+#: git-am.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr "Smutsigt index: kan inte tillämpa patchar (smutsiga: $files)"
+
+#: git-am.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Patchen är tom. Delades den upp felaktigt?\n"
+"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#: git-am.sh:706
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr "Patchen har inte någon giltig e-postadress."
+
+#: git-am.sh:753
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"kan inte vara interaktiv om standard in inte är ansluten till en terminal."
+
+#: git-am.sh:757
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Incheckningskroppen är:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:764
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr "Tillämpa? Y=ja/N=nej/E=redigera/V=visa patch/A=godta alla "
+
+#: git-am.sh:800
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Tillämpar: $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:821
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Inga ändringar - glömde du använda \"git add\"?\n"
+"Om det inte är något kvar att köa kan det hända att något annat redan\n"
+"introducerat samma ändringar; kanske du bör hoppa över patchen."
+
+#: git-am.sh:829
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Du har fortfarande sökvägar som inte slagits samman i ditt index\n"
+"glömde du använda \"git add\"?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:845
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Inga ändringar -- Patchen har redan tillämpats."
+
+#: git-am.sh:855
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Patchen misslyckades vid $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:858
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+msgstr ""
+"En kopia av patchen som misslyckades finns i:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+
+#: git-am.sh:876
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "tillämpar på en tom historik"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Du måste starta med \"git bisect start\""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Vill du att jag ska göra det åt dig [Y=ja/N=nej]?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "flaggan känns inte igen: \"$arg\""
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "\"$arg\" verkar inte vara en giltig revision"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "Felaktigt HEAD - Jag behöver ett HEAD"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades checka ut \"$start_head\". Försök \"git bisect reset "
+"<giltiggren>\""
+
+# cogito-relaterat
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr "kör inte \"bisect\" på ett \"seeked\"-träd"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "Felaktigt HEAD - konstig symbolisk referens"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Felaktigt argument till bisect_write: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "Felaktig rev-indata: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr "Anropa \"bisect_state\" med minst ett argument."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "Felaktig rev-indata: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "\"git bisect bad\" kan bara ta ett argument."
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr "Varning: utför \"bisect\" med endast en dålig incheckning"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Är du säker [Y=ja/N=nej]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Du måste ange åtminstone en bra och en dålig version.\n"
+"(Du kan använda \"git bisect bad\" och \"git bisect good\" för detta.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Du måste starta med \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"Du måste sedan ange åtminstone en bra och en dålig version.\n"
+"(Du kan använda \"git bisect bad\" och \"git bisect good\" för detta.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Vi utför ingen bisect för tillfället."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "\"$invalid\" är inte en giltig incheckning"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Kunde inte checka ut original-HEAD \"$branch\".\n"
+"Försök \"git bisect reset <incheckning>\"."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Ingen loggfil angiven"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "kan inte läsa $file för uppspelning"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? vad menar du?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "kör $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
+"felkod $res från \"$command\" är < 0 eller >= 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen kan inte fortsätta längre"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"\"bisect\"-körningen misslyckades:\n"
+"\"bisect_state $state\" avslutades med felkoden $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "\"bisect\"-körningen lyckades"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in.\n"
+"Rätta dem i din arbetskatalog och använd sedan \"git add/rm <fil>\"\n"
+"där det är lämpligt för att ange lösning, eller använd \"git commit -a\"."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Du kan inte göra en \"pull\" då du har ändringar som inte checkats in."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr "uppdaterar en ofödd gren med ändringar som lagts till i indexet"
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+"Varning: fetch uppdaterade huvudet för aktuell gren.\n"
+"Varning: snabbspolar din arbetskatalog från\n"
+"Varning: incheckningen $orig_head."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:254
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop flera grenar i ett tomt huvud."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:258
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "Kan inte utföra en \"rebase\" ovanpå flera grenar"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:53
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
+msgstr ""
+"När du har löst problemet kör du \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Om du vill hoppa över patchen kör du istället \"git rebase --skip\".\n"
+"För att återställa originalgrenen och avbryta kör du \"git rebase --abort\"."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:160
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "Kroken pre-rebase vägrade ombaseringen."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:165
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "Det verkar som en git-am körs. Kan inte ombasera."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:296
+msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+msgstr "Flaggan --exec måste användas tillsammans med flaggan --interactive"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:301
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "Ingen ombasering pågår?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:312
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr "Åtgärden --edit-todo kan endast användas under interaktiv ombasering."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "Kan inte läsa HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:322
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"Du måste redigera alla sammanslagningskonflikter och\n"
+"därefter markera dem som lösta med git add"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:340
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Kunde inte flytta tillbaka till $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"Det verkar som katalogen $state_dir_base redan existerar, och\n"
+"jag undrar om du redan är mitt i en annan ombasering. Om så är\n"
+"fallet, försök\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"Om så inte är fallet, kör\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"och kör programmet igen. Jag avslutar ifall du fortfarande har\n"
+"något av värde där."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr "ogiltig uppström $upstream_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: mer än en sammanslagningsbas finns"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:431 git-rebase.sh:435
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: ingen sammanslagningsbas finns"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:440
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "Peka på en giltig incheckning: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:463
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr "ödesdigert: ingen sådan gren: $branch_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:483
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Checka in eller använd \"stash\" på dem."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "Aktuell gren $branch_name är à jour."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "Aktuell gren $branch_name är à jour, ombasering framtvingad."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Ändringar från $mb till $onto:"
+
+#. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+#: git-rebase.sh:524
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+"Först, spolar tillbaka huvudet för att spela av ditt arbete ovanpå det..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "Snabbspolade $branch_name till $onto_name."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "\"git stash clear\" med parametrar har inte implementerats"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Du har inte den första incheckningen ännu"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuellt tillstånd för indexet"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuellt tillstånd för arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Inga ändringar valda"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort temporärt index (kan inte inträffa)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "Kan inte registrera tillstånd för arbetskatalog"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"fel: felaktig flagga för \"stash save\": $option\n"
+"     För att ange ett meddelande, använd git stash save -- \"$option\""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "Inga lokala ändringar att spara"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "Kan inte initiera \"stash\""
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "Kan inte spara aktuell status"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort ändringar i arbetskatalogen"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "Ingen \"stash\" hittades."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "För många revisioner angivna: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference är inte en giltig referens."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "\"$args\" är inte en \"stash\"-liknande incheckning"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "\"$args\" är inte en \"stash\"-referens"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "kan inte uppdatera indexet"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "Kan inte tillämpa en \"stash\" mitt i en sammanslagning"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Konflikter i indexet. Testa utan --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "Kunde inte spara indexträd"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "Kan inte ta bort ändrade filer ur kön"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:475
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "Indexet har inte tagits ur kön."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Kastade ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: Kunde inte kasta \"stash\"-post"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:500
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "Inget grennamn angavs"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(För att återställa dem, skriv \"git stash apply\")"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr "kan inte ta bort en komponent från url:en \"$remoteurl\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Hittade ingen undermodulmappning i .gitmodules för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr "Misslyckades klona \"$url\" till undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr "Gitkatalog \"$a\" ingår i underkatalogsökvägen \"$b\" eller omvänt"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "arkiv-URL: \"$repo\" måste vara absolut eller börja med ./|../"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan i indexet"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"Följande sökvägar ignoreras av en av dina .gitignore-filer:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Använd -f om du verkligen vill lägga till den"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "Lägger till befintligt arkiv i \"$sm_path\" i indexet"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "\"$sm_path\" finns redan och är inte ett giltigt git-arkiv"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr "En git-katalog för \"$sm_name\" hittades lokalt med fjärr(ar):"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgstr ""
+"För att återanvända den lokala git-katalogen istället för att på nytt klona "
+"från"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+msgstr ""
+"använd flaggan \"--force\". Om den lokala git-katalogen inte är riktigt arkiv"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"eller om du är osäker på vad det innebär, välj nytt namn med flaggan \"--name"
+"\"."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr "Aktiverar lokal git-katalog för undermodulen \"$sm_name\" på nytt."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte checka ut undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades lägga till undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades registrera undermodulen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Går in i \"$prefix$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr ""
+"Stoppar på \"$sm_path\"; skriptet returnerade en status skild från noll."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "Hittade ingen url för undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\" i .gitmodules"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades registrera url för underkatalogsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Undermodulen \"$name\" ($url) registrerad för sökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Misslyckades registrera uppdateringsläge för undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:614
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Undermodulen \"$sm_path\" har inte initierats\n"
+"Kanske du vill köra \"update --init\"?"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hitta aktuell revision i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte hämta i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte ombasera \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökväg \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": ombaserade in i \"$sha1\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte slå ihop \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": sammanslagen i \"$sha1\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Kan inte checka ut \"$sha1\" i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\": checkade ut \"$sha1\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Misslyckades rekursera in i undermodulsökvägen \"$sm_path\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Flaggan --cached kan inte användas med flaggan --files"
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "oväntat läge $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckning $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckning $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Varning: $name innehåller inte incheckningar $sha1_src och $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:892
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:930
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "# Undermoduler ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:932
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "# Undermodulers ändringar att checka in:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Synkroniserar undermodul-url för \"$prefix$sm_path\""
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <namn> (-a | -d | <gren>])"
+
+#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
+#~ msgstr " 0 filer ändrade"
+
+#~ msgid " %d file changed"
+#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+#~ msgstr[0] " %d fil ändrad"
+#~ msgstr[1] " %d filer ändrade"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d tillägg(+)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d tillägg(+)"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d borttagning(-)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d borttagningar(-)"
+
+#~ msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+#~ msgstr "Packar arkivet automatiskt för optimal prestanda.\n"
+
+#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+#~ msgstr " (spåra med \"git add\")"
+
+#~ msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+#~ msgstr "-B kan inte användas med -b"
+
+#~ msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+#~ msgstr "--patch är inkompatibel med alla andra flaggor"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+#~ msgstr "--detcah kan inte användas med -b/-B/--orphan"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--detach kan inte användas med -t"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan och -b|-B kan inte användas samtidigt"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan kan inte användas med -t"
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "git checkout: -f och -m är inkompatibla"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "git checkout: uppdatera sökvägar är inkompatibelt med att växla gren."
+
+#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
+#~ msgstr "misslyckades sätta upp för diff"
+
+#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
+#~ msgstr "merge-recursive: disk full?"
+
+#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done misslyckades"
+
+#~ msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
+#~ msgstr "%s: har tagits bort/ändrat namn"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
+#~ msgstr "\"%s\": inte en dokumentationskatalog."
+
+#~ msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+#~ msgstr "Flaggan -d stöds inte lägre. Använd inte."
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick"
+
+#~ msgid "Please enter the commit message for your changes."
+#~ msgstr "Ange ett incheckningsmeddelande för dina ändringar."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte extrahera e-postadress från incheckarens identitet."
+
+#~ msgid "--"
+#~ msgstr "--"
+
+#~ msgid "# Changed but not updated:"
+#~ msgstr "# Ändrade men inte uppdaterade:"
+
+#~ msgid "A branch named '%s' already exists."
+#~ msgstr "Det finns redan en gren som heter \"%s\""
+
+#~ msgid "path '%s' does not have all 3 versions"
+#~ msgstr "sökvägen \"%s\" har inte alla 3 versionerna"
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: we do not like '%s' as a branch name."
+#~ msgstr "git checkout: vi tycker inte om \"%s\" som namn på en gren."
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: branch %s already exists"
+#~ msgstr "git checkout: grenen %s finns redan"
+
+#~ msgid "Paths with --interactive does not make sense."
+#~ msgstr "Kan inte ange sökvägar med --interactive."
+
+#~ msgid "No HEAD commit to compare with (yet)"
+#~ msgstr "Ingen HEAD-incheckning att jämföra med (ännu)"
+
+#~ msgid "cannot mix --fixed-strings and regexp"
+#~ msgstr "kan inte blanda --fixed-strings och reguljära uttryck"
+
+#~ msgid "%s; will overwrite!"
+#~ msgstr "%s; kommer skriva över!"
+
+#~ msgid "Failed to write current notes tree to database"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte skriva aktuellt anteckningsträd till databasen"
+
+# FIXME: Untranslatable!
+#
+#~ msgid "Refusing to %s notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+#~ msgstr "Vägrar %s anteckningar i %s (utanför refs/notes/)"
+
+#~ msgid "add"
+#~ msgstr "add"
+
+#~ msgid "copy"
+#~ msgstr "copy"
+
+#~ msgid "show"
+#~ msgstr "show"
+
+#~ msgid "remove"
+#~ msgstr "remove"
+
+#~ msgid "prune"
+#~ msgstr "prune"
+
+#~ msgid "The current branch %s is not tracking anything."
+#~ msgstr "Den aktuella grenen %s spårar ingenting."
+
+#~ msgid "No destination configured to push to."
+#~ msgstr "Har inte ställt in någon destination att sända till."
+
+#~ msgid "Reflog action message too long: %.*s..."
+#~ msgstr "Reflog-händelsemeddelande för långt: %.*s..."
+
+#~ msgid "Could not read commit message of %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte läsa incheckningsmeddelandet för %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract author email from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte hämta författarens e-postadress från %s"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract author time from %s"
+#~ msgstr "Kunde inte hämta författartid från %s"
+
+#~ msgid "No author information found in %s"
+#~ msgstr "Hittade ingen författarinformation i %s"
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --signoff"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick --ff kan inte användas med --signoff"
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --no-commit"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick --ff kan inte användas med --no-commit"
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with -x"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick --ff kan inte användas med -x"
+
+#~ msgid "cherry-pick --ff cannot be used with --edit"
+#~ msgstr "cherry-pick --ff kan inte användas med --edit"
+
+#~ msgid "committer info too long."
+#~ msgstr "incheckarinformation för lång."
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "#\n"
+#~ "# Write a tag message\n"
+#~ "#\n"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "\n"
+#~ "#\n"
+#~ "# Skriv ett taggmeddelande\n"
+#~ "#\n"
+
+#~ msgid "signing key value too long (%.10s...)"
+#~ msgstr "signeringsnyckelvärdet för långt (%.10s...)"
diff --git a/po/vi.po b/po/vi.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ccdf86
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/vi.po
@@ -0,0 +1,9699 @@
+# Vietnamese translation for GIT-CORE.
+# Copyright (C) 2012, Trần Ngọc Quân.
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the git-core package.
+# First translated by Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>, 2012.
+# Nguyễn Thái Ngọc Duy <pclouds@gmail.com>, 2012.
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: git-v1.8.0.1-347-gf94c3\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-11-30 12:40+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-11-30 13:40+0700\n"
+"Last-Translator: Trần Ngọc Quân <vnwildman@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: Vietnamese <translation-team-vi@lists.sourceforge.net>\n"
+"Language: vi\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=1;\n"
+"X-Poedit-SourceCharset: UTF-8\n"
+"X-Poedit-Basepath: ../\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "gợi ý: %.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Sửa chúng trong cây làm việc,\n"
+"và sau đó dùng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-tin>” dành riêng\n"
+"cho việc đánh dấu tập tin cần giải quyết và tạo lần chuyển giao,\n"
+"hoặc là dùng lệnh “git commit -a”."
+
+#: archive.c:10
+msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git archive [các-tùy-chọn] <tree-ish> [<đường-dẫn>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:11
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive --list"
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] [các-tùy-chọn] <tree-ish> [<đường-"
+"dẫn>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr "git archive --remote <kho> [--exec <lệnh>] --list"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr "fmt"
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr "định dạng lưu trữ"
+
+#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1084
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr "tiền tố"
+
+#: archive.c:324
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr "nối thêm tiền tố vào từng đường dẫn tập tin trong kho lưu"
+
+#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2390
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391 builtin/config.c:55 builtin/fast-export.c:642
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:715 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:540
+#: builtin/notes.c:697 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "tập-tin"
+
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr "ghi kho lưu vào tập tin này"
+
+#: archive.c:328
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "đọc .gitattributes trong thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: archive.c:329
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr "liệt kê các tập tin được lưu trữ vào stderr (đầu ra lỗi chuẩn)"
+
+#: archive.c:330
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr "chỉ lưu (không nén)"
+
+#: archive.c:331
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr "nén nhanh hơn"
+
+#: archive.c:339
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr "nén nhỏ hơn"
+
+#: archive.c:342
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr "liệt kê các kiểu nén được hỗ trợ"
+
+#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr "kho"
+
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr "nhận kho lưu từ kho chứa <kho> trên máy chủ"
+
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:619
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "lệnh"
+
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr "đường dẫn đến lệnh git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
+
+#: attr.c:259
+msgid ""
+"Negative patterns are forbidden in git attributes\n"
+"Use '\\!' for literal leading exclamation."
+msgstr ""
+"Mấu dạng phủ định bị cấm chỉ dùng trong các thuộc tính của git\n"
+"Dùng '\\!' cho các chuỗi văn bản có dấu chấm than."
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "“%s” không giống như tập tin v2 bundle (định dạng dump của git)"
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "phần đầu (header) không được thừa nhận: %s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:674
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể mở “%s”"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "Khó chứa thiếu những lần chuyển giao (commit) cần trước hết này:"
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:562 sequencer.c:994 builtin/log.c:290
+#: builtin/log.c:732 builtin/log.c:1319 builtin/log.c:1535 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "cài đặt việc di chuyển qua các điểm xét lại gặp lỗi"
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu (refs)"
+msgstr[1] "Bundle chứa %d tham chiếu (refs)"
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "Lệnh bundle ghi lại toàn bộ lịch sử."
+
+#: bundle.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu tham chiếu (refs) này"
+msgstr[1] "Lệnh bundle yêu cầu %d tham chiếu (refs) này"
+
+#: bundle.c:294
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list đã chết"
+
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1215 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "đối số không được thừa nhận: %s"
+
+#: bundle.c:335
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "th.chiếu “%s” bị loại trừ bởi các tùy chọn rev-list"
+
+#: bundle.c:380
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "Từ chối tạo một bundle trống rỗng."
+
+#: bundle.c:398
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "Không thể sản sinh pack-objects"
+
+#: bundle.c:416
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "pack-objects đã chết"
+
+#: bundle.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo “%s”"
+
+#: bundle.c:441
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "index-pack đã chết"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích %s"
+
+#: commit.c:52
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s không phải là một lần commit!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "hết bộ nhớ"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "Không thể chạy “git rev-list”"
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi vào rev-list: %s"
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đầu vào chuẩn stdin của rev-list: %s"
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "trong tương lai"
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu giây trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu giây trước"
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu phút trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu phút trước"
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu giờ trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu giờ trước"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu ngày trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu ngày trước"
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu tuần trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu tuần trước"
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu tháng trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu tháng trước"
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] "%lu năm"
+msgstr[1] "%lu năm"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s, %lu tháng trước"
+msgstr[1] "%s, %lu tháng trước"
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu năm trước"
+msgstr[1] "%lu năm trước"
+
+#: diff.c:111
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Gặp lỗi khi phân tích dirstat cắt bỏ phần trăm '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:116
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%s'\n"
+msgstr "  Không hiểu đối số dirstat '%s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown value for 'diff.submodule' config variable: '%s'"
+msgstr "Không hiểu giá trị cho biến cấu hình “diff.submodule”: `%s'"
+
+#: diff.c:237
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Tìm thấy các lỗi trong biến cấu hình “diff.dirstat”:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy chọn --dirstat/-X:\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:3508
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to parse --submodule option parameter: '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích đối số tùy chọn --submodule: `%s'"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "không thể chạy gpg."
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr "gpg đã không đồng ý dữ liệu"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg gặp lỗi khi ký dữ liệu"
+
+#: grep.c:1622
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "“%s”: không thể đọc %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1639
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "“%s”: %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr "“%s”: đọc ngắn %s"
+
+#: help.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn sàng để dùng trong “%s”"
+
+#: help.c:219
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "các lệnh git sẵn sàng để dùng từ một nơi khác trong $PATH của bạn"
+
+#: help.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"“%s” trông như là một lệnh git, nhưng chúng tôi không\n"
+"thể thực thi nó. Có lẽ là lệnh git-%s đã bị hỏng?"
+
+#: help.c:332
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "Ối chà. Hệ thống của bạn báo rằng chẳng có lệnh Git nào cả."
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"CẢNH BÁO: Bạn đã gọi lệnh Git có tên “%s”, mà nó lại không có sẵn.\n"
+"Giả định rằng ý bạn là “%s”"
+
+#: help.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr "trong %0.1f giây một cách tự động..."
+
+#: help.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git: “%s” không phải là một lệnh của git. Xem “git --help”."
+
+#: help.c:370
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"Có phải ý bạn là cái này không?"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"Có phải ý bạn là một trong số những cái này không?"
+
+#: merge.c:56
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đọc bộ nhớ tạm"
+
+#: merge.c:110 builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534
+#: builtin/clone.c:586
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "(commit sai)\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "addinfo_cache gặp lỗi đối với đường dẫn “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:268
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi xây dựng cây"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo đường dẫn “%s”%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "Gỡ bỏ %s để tạo chỗ (room) cho thư mục con\n"
+
+#. something else exists
+#. .. but not some other error (who really cares what?)
+#: merge-recursive.c:697 merge-recursive.c:718
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr ": có lẽ là một xung đột D/F?"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:708
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "từ chối đóng tập tin không được theo vết tại “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đọc đối tượng %s “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "đối tượng blob được mong đợi cho %s “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi mở “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo liên kết tượng trưng (symlink) “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "không hiểu phải làm gì với %06o %s “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:922
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thực hiện trộn nội bộ"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:926
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "Không thể thêm %s vào cơ sở dữ liệu"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:942
+msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không được hỗ trợ trong cây (tree)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1021 merge-recursive.c:1035
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s của %s "
+"còn lại trong cây (tree)."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1027 merge-recursive.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (%s/xóa): %s bị xóa trong %s và %s trong %s. Phiên bản %s của %s "
+"còn lại trong cây (tree) tại %s."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "đổi tên"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "đã đổi tên"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s là một thư mục trong %s thay vào đó thêm vào như là %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (đổi-tên/đổi-tên): Đổi tên \"%s\"->\"%s\" trong nhánh \"%s\" đổi "
+"tên \"%s\"->\"%s\" trong \"%s\"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1164
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr " (cần giải quyết)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (đổi-tên/đổi-tên): Đổi tên %s->%s trong %s. Đổi tên %s->%s trong %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1248
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "Đang đổi tên %s thành %s thay vì %s thành %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1447
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (đổi-tên/thêm): Đổi tên %s->%s trong %s. %s được thêm vào trong %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "Thêm hòa trộn %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1462 merge-recursive.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "Thay vào đó thêm vào %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc đối tượng %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "đối tượng %s không phải là một blob"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "sửa đổi"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "đã sửa"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1574
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "nội dung"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1581
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "thêm/thêm"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "Đã bỏ qua %s (đã có sẵn lần hòa trộn này)"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "Tự-động-hòa-trộn %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:893
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "mô-đun-con"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1634
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "XUNG ĐỘT (%s): Xung đột hòa trộn trong %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "Đang xóa %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1749
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "tập-tin/thư-mục"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1755
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "thư-mục/tập tin"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr ""
+"XUNG ĐỘT (%s): Ở đây không có thư mục nào có tên %s trong %s. Thêm %s như là "
+"%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1770
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "Thêm \"%s\""
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1787
+msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+msgstr "Việc hòa trộn hỏng nghiêm trọng, không nên để xảy ra."
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1806
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr "Đã cập nhật rồi!"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1815
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "hòa trộn cây (tree) %s và %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+msgstr "Đường dẫn chưa được xử lý??? %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1890
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "Đang trộn:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1903
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "tìm thấy %u tổ tiên chung:"
+msgstr[1] "tìm thấy %u tổ tiên chung:"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1940
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "hòa trộn không trả về lần chuyển giao (commit) nào"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1997
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s”"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:643
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "Không thể ghi bảng mục lục"
+
+#: parse-options.c:494
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "cách dùng: %s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "     hoặc: %s"
+
+#: parse-options.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: remote.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "Nhánh của bạn là đầu của “%s” bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+msgstr[1] "Nhánh của bạn là đầu của “%s” bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1637
+msgid "  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git push\" để xuất bản các lần chuyển giao nội bộ của bạn)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1640
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Nhánh của bạn thì ở đằng sau “%s” bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit), và có thể "
+"được fast-forward.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Nhánh của bạn thì ở đằng sau “%s” bởi %d lần chuyển giao (commit), và có thể "
+"được fast-forward.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1647
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git pull\" để cập nhật nhánh nội bộ của bạn)\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1650
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Nhánh của bạn và “%s” bị phân kỳ,\n"
+"và có %d và %d lần chuyển giao (commit) khác nhau cho từng cái,\n"
+"tương ứng với mỗi lần.\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Your branch and “%s” have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1659
+msgid "  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git pull\" để hòa trộn nhánh trên máy chủ vào trong nhánh của "
+"bạn)\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:761 builtin/merge.c:874 builtin/merge.c:984
+#: builtin/merge.c:994
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "Không thể mở “%s” để ghi"
+
+#: sequencer.c:125 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:764 builtin/merge.c:986
+#: builtin/merge.c:999
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi vào “%s”"
+
+#: sequencer.c:146
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"sau khi giải quyết các xung đột, đánh dấu đường dẫn đã sửa\n"
+"với lệnh “git add <đường_dẫn>” hoặc “git rm <đường_dẫn>”"
+
+#: sequencer.c:149
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"sau khi giải quyết các xung đột, đánh dấu đường dẫn đã sửa\n"
+"với lệnh “git add <đường_dẫn>” hoặc “git rm <đường_dẫn>”\n"
+"và chuyển giao (commit) kết quả bằng lệnh “git commit”"
+
+#: sequencer.c:162 sequencer.c:770 sequencer.c:853
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi vào %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:165
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr "Lỗi bao bọc %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh cherry-pick."
+
+#: sequencer.c:182
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr "Các thay đổi nội bộ của bạn có thể bị ghi đè bởi lệnh revert."
+
+#: sequencer.c:185
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "Chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi của bạn hay stash chúng để xử lý."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s: Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: sequencer.c:266
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "Không thể phân giải commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:287
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr "Không thể cập nhật cây bộ nhớ đệm\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:337
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "Không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) cha mẹ %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:403
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "Tập tin lưu mục lục của bạn không được hòa trộn."
+
+#: sequencer.c:406
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ"
+
+#: sequencer.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr ""
+"Lần chuyển giao (commit) %s là một lần hòa trộn nhưng không đưa ra tùy chọn -"
+"m."
+
+#: sequencer.c:429
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không có cha mẹ %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Luồng chính được chỉ ra nhưng lần chuyển giao (commit) %s không phải là một "
+"lần hòa trộn."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s: không thể phân tích lần chuyển giao mẹ của %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:448
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy thông điệp lần chuyển giao (commit) cho %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "không thể revert %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "không thể apply (áp dụng miếng vá) %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:565
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) trống rỗng đặt là hợp quy cách"
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi đọc bảng mục lục"
+
+#: sequencer.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s: gặp lỗi khi làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
+
+#: sequencer.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr "Không thể %s trong khi %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "Không phân tích được dòng %d."
+
+#: sequencer.c:663
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "Không có lần chuyển giao (commit) nào được phân tích."
+
+#: sequencer.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "Không thể mở %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:680
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "Không thể đọc %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:687
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Bảng chỉ thị không thể dùng được: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:715
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "Khóa không đúng: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "Giá trị không hợp lệ %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:730
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr "Bảng tùy chọn dị hình: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:751
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "một thao tác cherry-pick hoặc revert đang được thực hiện"
+
+#: sequencer.c:752
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "hãy thử \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:756
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục xếp dãy %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:772 sequencer.c:857
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr "Lỗi bao bọc %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:791 sequencer.c:925
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "không cherry-pick hay revert trong tiến trình"
+
+#: sequencer.c:793
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "không thể phân giải HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:795
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "không thể hủy bỏ từ một nhánh mà nó còn chưa được tạo ra"
+
+#: sequencer.c:817 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:820
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc %s: %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:821
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "kết thúc tập tin đột xuất"
+
+#: sequencer.c:827
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "tập tin HEAD “pre-cherry-pick” đã lưu “%s” bị hỏng"
+
+#: sequencer.c:850
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr "Không thể định dạng %s."
+
+#: sequencer.c:1012
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "Không thể revert một lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi tạo"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1013
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr "Không thể cherry-pick vào một đầu (head) trống rỗng"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD không chỉ đến một nhánh nào cả"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "Không có nhánh nào như thế: “%s”"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn (upstream) được cấu hình cho nhánh “%s”"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh thượng nguồn (upstream) “%s” không được lưu lại như là một nhánh "
+"“remote-tracking”"
+
+#: wrapper.c:408
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgstr "không thể truy cập “%s”: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr "không tìm thấy người dùng hiện tại trong tập tin passwd: %s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:427
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr "không có người dùng như vậy"
+
+#: wt-status.c:140
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "Những đường dẫn chưa được hòa trộn:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:167 wt-status.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git reset %s <tập-tin>...\" để bỏ một stage (trạng thái))"
+
+#: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git rm --cached <tập-tin>...\" để bỏ trạng thái (stage))"
+
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git add <tập-tin>...\" để đánh dấu là cần giải quyết)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git add/rm <tập-tin>...\" như là một cách  thích hợp để đánh dấu "
+"là cần được giải quyết)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git rm <tập-tin>...\" để đánh dấu là cần giải quyết)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "Những thay đổi sẽ được chuyển giao:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:206
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi không được đặt trạng thái (stage) cho lần chuyển giao (commit):"
+
+#: wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git add <tập-tin>...\" để cập nhật những gì cần chuyển giao "
+"(commit))"
+
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git add/rm <tập-tin>...\" để cập nhật những gì sẽ được chuyển giao)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git checkout -- <tập-tin>...\" để bỏ thay đổi trong thư mục làm "
+"việc)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (chuyển giao (commit) hoặc là loại bỏ các nội dung không-bị-theo-vết hay "
+"đã bị chỉnh sửa trong mô-đun-con)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git %s <tập-tin>...\" để thêm vào những gì cần chuyển giao "
+"(commit))"
+
+#: wt-status.c:244
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "lỗi"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "bị xóa bởi cả hai:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "được thêm vào bởi chúng tôi:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "bị xóa đi bởi họ:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "được thêm vào bởi họ:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "bị xóa bởi chúng tôi:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "được thêm vào bởi cả hai:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "bị sửa bởi cả hai:"
+
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) mới, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "nội dung được sửa đổi, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "nội dung chưa được theo dõi, "
+
+#: wt-status.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "tập tin mới:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "đã sao chép:     %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "đã xóa:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "đã sửa đổi:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "đã đổi tên:    %s -> %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:318
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr "đổi-kiểu: %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu:    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr "chưa hòa trộn:   %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr "lỗi: không lấy được trạng thái lệnh diff %c"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "Bạn có những đường dẫn chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột sau đó chạy \"git commit\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "Tất cả các xung đột đã được giải quyết nhưng bạn vẫn đang hòa trộn."
+
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git commit\" để hoàn tất việc hòa trộn)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:804
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "Bạn đang ở giữa của một phiên “am”."
+
+#: wt-status.c:807
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "Miếng vá hiện tại bị trống rỗng."
+
+#: wt-status.c:811
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git am --resolved\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:813
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --skip\" để bỏ qua lần vá này)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:815
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git am --abort\" để phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc rebase (tái cấu trúc)."
+
+#: wt-status.c:876
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  (sửa các xung đột và sau đó chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:878
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git rebase --skip\" để bỏ qua lần vá này)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:880
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git rebase --abort\" để check-out nhánh nguyên thủy)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:886
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:888
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện tại đang cắt đôi một lần chuyển giao trong khi đang thực hiện việc "
+"rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:891
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr ""
+"  (Một khi thư mục làm việc của bạn đã gọn gàng, chạy \"git rebase --continue"
+"\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:893
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện đang sửa một lần chuyển giao trong khi bạn thực hiện rebase."
+
+#: wt-status.c:896
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git commit --amend\" để tu bổ lần chuyển giao (commit) hiện tại)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:898
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr ""
+"  (dùng \"git rebase --continue\" một khi bạn cảm thấy hài lòng về những "
+"thay đổi của mình)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện nay đang thực hiện việc cherry-pick."
+
+#: wt-status.c:915
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  (khi tất cả các xung đột đã sửa xong: chạy lệnh \"git commit\")"
+
+#: wt-status.c:924
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "Bạn hiện tại đang thực hiện việc bisect (chia đôi)."
+
+#: wt-status.c:927
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  (dùng \"git bisect reset\" để quay trở lại nhánh nguyên thủy)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "Trên nhánh "
+
+#: wt-status.c:985
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "Hiện tại chẳng ở nhánh nào cả."
+
+#: wt-status.c:997
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi đầu"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1011
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "Những tập tin chưa được theo dõi"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1013
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "Những tập tin bị lờ đi"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1015
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "Những tập tin không bị theo vết không được liệt kê ra %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1017
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr " (dùng tùy chọn -u để hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1023
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "Không có thay đổi nào"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1028
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr ""
+"không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào commit (dùng \"git add\" và/hoặc \"git "
+"commit -a\")\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+#, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "không có thay đổi nào được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1034
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit) nhưng có những tập tin "
+"không được theo dấu vết hiện diện (dùng \"git add\" để đưa vào theo dõi)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1037
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr ""
+"không có gì được thêm vào lần chuyển giao (commit) nhưng có những tập tin "
+"không được theo dấu vết hiện diện\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr ""
+" không có gì để commit (tạo/sao-chép các tập tin và dùng \"git add\" để theo "
+"dõi dấu vết)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao (commit)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1046
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr ""
+"không có gì để chuyển giao (commit) (dùng -u để bỏ các tập tin cần theo dấu "
+"vết)\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1050
+#, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgstr "không có gì để chuyển giao (commit), thư mục làm việc sạch sẽ\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1158
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD (không nhánh)"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1164
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "Lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi tạo trên "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1179
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "đằng sau "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "phía trước "
+
+#: wt-status.c:1187
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr ", đằng sau "
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "bỏ liên kết (unlink) %s không thành công"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:19
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git add [các-tùy-chọn] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "trạng thái lệnh diff không như mong đợi %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:231
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "Đường dẫn “%s” thì ở trong mô-đun-con “%.*s”"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr ""
+"Các thay đổi không được lưu trạng thái sau khi làm tươi mới lại bảng mục lục:"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "pathspec “%s” không khớp với bất kỳ tập tin nào"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "“%s” nằm ngoài một liên kết tượng trưng"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "Không thể mở “%s” để ghi"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi ra miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy trạng thái về “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "Miếng vá trống rỗng. Đã bỏ qua."
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể apply (áp dụng miếng vá) “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:313
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các đường dẫn theo sau đây sẽ bị lờ đi bởi một trong các tập tin .gitignore "
+"của bạn:\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:206
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr "chạy thử"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1160
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1483
+#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "chi tiết"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:322
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "sửa bằng cách tương tác"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1031 builtin/reset.c:248
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr "chọn “hunks” một cách tương tác"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr "sửa diff hiện nay và áp dụng nó"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:325
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr "cho phép thêm các tập tin bị bỏ qua khác"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin được theo vết"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:327
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr "chỉ ghi lại sự việc mà đường dẫn sẽ được thêm vào sau"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:328
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+"thêm các thay đổi từ tất cả các tập tin có cũng như không được theo dõi dấu "
+"vết"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:329
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "không thêm, chỉ làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:330
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr "chie bỏ qua những tập tin mà nó không thể được thêm vào bởi vì gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:331
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr ""
+"kiểm tra xem - thậm chí thiếu - tập tin bị bỏ qua trong quá trình chạy thử"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "Sử dụng tùy chọn -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm chúng vào.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "chưa có tập tin nào được thêm vào"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:360
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "thêm tập tin gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:392
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A và -u xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:394
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn --ignore-missing chỉ có thể được dùng cùng với --dry-run"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "Không có gì được chỉ ra, không có gì được thêm vào.\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "Có lẽ bạn muốn là “git add .” phải không?\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:291 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:235
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị hỏng"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:370
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:57
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [các-tùy-chọn] [<miếng-vá>...]"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "không nhận ra tùy chọn về khoảng trắng “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "không nhận ra tùy chọn bỏ qua khoảng trắng “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuẩn bị biểu thức chính qui dấu vết thời gian (timestamp regexp) "
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:832
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "thi hành biểu thức chính quy trả về %d cho kết xuất: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy tên tập tin trong miếng vá tại dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - mong đợi /dev/null, đã nhận %s trên dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin mới mâu thuấn trên dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - tên tập tin cũ mâu thuấn trên dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:957
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply: git-diff sai - mong đợi /dev/null trên dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "chi tiết: dòng không được mong đợi: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "miếng vá phân mảnh mà không có phần đầu tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"phần đầu diff cho git  thiếu thông tin tên tập tin khi gỡ bỏ đi %d trong "
+"thành phần dẫn đầu tên của đường dẫn (dòng %d)"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"phần đầu diff cho git  thiếu thông tin tên tập tin khi gỡ bỏ đi %d trong "
+"thành phần dẫn đầu tên của đường dẫn (dòng %d)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "tập tin mới phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "tập tin đã xóa vẫn còn nội dung"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "miếng vá hỏng tại dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "tập tin mới %s phụ thuộc vào nội dung cũ"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "tập tin đã xóa %s vẫn còn nội dung"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** cảnh báo: tập tin %s trở nên trống rỗng nhưng không bị xóa"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân sai hỏng tại dòng %d: %.*s"
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được nhận ra tại dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "vá chỉ với “garbage” tại dòng %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc liên kết tượng trưng %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "không thể mở để đọc hay ghi %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2149
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr "ôi?"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "sai khởi đầu dòng: “%c”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
+msgstr[1] "Khối dữ liệu #%d thành công tại %d (offset %d dòng)."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "Nội dung bị giảm xuống (%ld/%ld) để áp dụng mảnh dữ liệu tại %d"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"Trong khi đang tìm kiếm cho:\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "thiếu dữ liệu của miếng vá định dạng nhị phân cho “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "miếng vá định dạng nhị phân không được áp dụng cho “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr ""
+"vá nhị phân cho “%s” tạo ra kết quả không chính xác (mong chờ %s, lại nhận "
+"%s)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "vá gặp lỗi: %s:%ld"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "không thể \"checkout\" %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "đọc %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "đường dẫn %s đã bị xóa/đổi tên"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s: không tồn tại trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s: không khớp trong mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "loại bỏ miếng vá để lại nội dung tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s: sai kiểu"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s có kiểu %o, mong chờ %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s: đã có từ trước trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s: đã sẵn có trong thư mục đang làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "chế độ mới (%o) của %s không khớp với chế độ cũ (%o) của %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s: miếng vá không được áp dụng"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "Đang kiểm tra miếng vá %s..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "make_cache_entry gặp lỗi đối với đường dẫn “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ bỏ %s từ mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr "miếng vá sai hỏng cho dự án con (subproject) %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy trạng thái về tập tin %s mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo “backing store” cho tập tin được tạo mới hơn %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "không thể thêm mục nhớ tạm cho %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "đang đóng tập tin “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin “%s” chế độ (mode) %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "Đã áp dụng miếng và %s một cách sạch sẽ."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "lỗi nội bộ"
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "Đang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối..."
+msgstr[1] "Đang áp dụng miếng vá %%s với %d lần từ chối..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "đang cắt cụt tên tập tin .rej thành %.*s.rej"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "Khối nhớ #%d được áp dụng gọn gàng."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "hunk #%d bị từ chối."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "không thừa nhận đầu vào"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "không thể đọc tập tin lưu bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/fetch.c:63
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "đường-dẫn"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "không áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đường dẫn đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "áp dụng các thay đổi khớp với đường dẫn đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "số"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ <số> phần dẫn đầu (slashe) từ đường dẫn diff cổ điển"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "lờ đi phần phụ thêm tạo ra bởi miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr ""
+"thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả từ lệnh diffstat cho đầu ra"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị số lượng các dòng được thêm vào và xóa đi theo ký hiệu thập phân"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "thay vì áp dụng một miếng vá, kết xuất kết quả cho đầu vào"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "thay vì áp dụng miếng vá, hãy xem xem miếng vá có thích hợp không"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "hãy chắc chắn là miếng vá thích hợp với bảng mục lục hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "áp dụng một miếng vá mà không động chạm đến cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr ""
+"đồng thời áp dụng miếng vá (dùng với tùy chọn --stat/--summary/--check)"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "thử hòa trộn kiểu three-way nếu việc vá không thể thực hiện được"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr ""
+"xây dựng bảng mục lục tạm thời trên cơ sở thông tin bảng mục lục được nhúng"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "các đường dẫn bị ngăn cách bởi ký tự NULL"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "đảm bảo rằng có ít nhất <n> dòng nội dung khớp"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "hành động"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "tìm thấy một dòng mới hoặc bị sửa đổi mà nó có lỗi do khoảng trắng"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "lờ đi sự thay đổi do khoảng trắng khi quét nội dung"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "áp dụng miếng vá theo chiều ngược"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "đừng hy vọng có ít nhất một dòng nội dung"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "để lại khối dữ liệu bị từ chối trong các tập tin *.rej tương ứng"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "cho phép chồng khối nhớ"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr ""
+"đã dò tìm thấy dung sai không chính xác thiếu dòng mới tại cuối tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "không tin số lượng dòng trong phần đầu khối dữ liệu"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "root"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "treo thêm <root> vào tất cả các tên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached ở ngoài một kho chứa"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể mở miếng vá “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
+msgstr[1] "đã chấm dứt %d lỗi khoảng trắng"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d dòng thêm khoảng trắng lỗi."
+msgstr[1] "%d dòng thêm khoảng trắng lỗi."
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin kho (lưu trữ, nén) “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "không thể chuyển hướng kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive: Máy chủ không có địa chỉ URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive: mong đợi ACK/NAK, nhận EOF"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive: NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "lỗi máy chủ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive: lỗi giao thức"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive: đã mong chờ một flush"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr "thực hiện “git bisect next”"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr ""
+"cập nhật BISECT_HEAD thay vì lấy ra (checking out) lần chuyển giao (commit) "
+"hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:25
+msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+msgstr "git blame [các-tùy-chọn] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] tập-tin"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr "[rev-opts] được mô tả trong git-rev-list(1)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2374
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr "Hiển thị các mục “blame” như là chúng ta thấy chúng, tăng dần"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2375
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+"Hiển thị SHA-1 trắng cho những lần chuyển giao biên giới (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2376
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Không coi các lần chuyển giao gốc là giới hạn (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2377
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thống kê công sức làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2378
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr "Hiển thị kết xuất điểm số có các mục tin “blame”"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2379
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr "Hiển thị tên tập tin gốc (Mặc định: auto)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2380
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Hiển thị số dòng gốc (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2381
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr "Hiển thị ở định dạng đã thiết kế cho sự tiêu dùng bằng máy"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2382
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr "Hiển thị định dạng “porcelain” với thông tin chuyển giao mỗi dòng"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2383
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Dùng cùng chế độ xuất ra vóigit-annotate (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2384
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Hiển thị dấu vết thời gian dạng thô (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2385
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Hiển thị SHA1 của lần chuyển giao (commit) dạng dài (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2386
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Không hiển thị tên tác giả và dấu vết thời gian (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2387
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử của tác giả thay vì tên (Mặc định: off)"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2388
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr "Bỏ qua các khác biệt do khoảng trắng gây ra"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2389
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr "Tiêu thụ thêm năng tài nguyên máy móc để tìm kiếm tốt hơn nữa"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2390
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr ""
+"Sử dụng điểm xét duyệt (revision) từ <tập tin> thay vì gọi “git-rev-list”"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2391
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "Sử dụng nội dung của <tập tin> như là ảnh cuối cùng"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392 builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "score"
+msgstr "điểm số"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2392
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr "Tìm các bản sao chép dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2393
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr "Tìm các di chuyển dòng trong và ngang qua tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "n,m"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2394
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr "Xử lý chỉ dòng vùng n,m, tính từ 1"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:23
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-chọn] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
+msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-chọn] [-l] [-f] <tên-nhánh> [<điểm-đầu>]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-chọn] [-r] (-d | -D) <tên-nhánh> ..."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+msgstr "git branch [các-tùy-chọn] (-m | -M) [<nhánh-cũ>] <nhánh-mới>"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"đang xóa nhánh “%s” mà nó lại đã được hòa trộn vào\n"
+"         “%s”, nhưng vẫn chưa được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"không xóa nhánh “%s” cái mà chưa được hòa trộn vào\n"
+"         “%s”, cho dù là nó đã được hòa trộn vào HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao (commit) cho “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:167
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh “%s” không được trộn một cách đầy đủ.\n"
+"Nếu bạn thực sự muốn xóa nó, thì chạy lệnh “git branch -D %s”."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:180
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:208
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "không thể dùng tùy chọn -a với -d"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:214
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm kiếm đối tượng chuyển giao (commit) cho HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr "Không thể xóa nhánh “%s” cái mà bạn hiện nay đang ở."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:236
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "không tìm thấy nhánh “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đang xóa nhánh máy chủ “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "Lỗi khi xoá bỏ nhánh “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Nhánh máy chủ \"%s\" đã bị xóa (từng là %s).\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:259
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s” đã bị xóa (từng là %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr "nhánh “%s” không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) nào cả"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:433
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: đằng sau %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:435
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr "[đằng sau %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: phía trước %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[phía trước %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s: trước %d, sau %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:447
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[trước %d, sau %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:560
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "(không nhánh)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr "một số tham chiếu đã không thể đọc được"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:638
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "không thể đổi tên nhánh hiện hành trong khi nó chẳng ở đâu cả."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "Sai tên nhánh: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:663
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "Đổi tên nhánh gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:667
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "Đã đổi tên nhánh khuyết danh “%s” đi"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên thành %s, nhưng HEAD lại không được cập nhật!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:678
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "Nhánh bị đổi tên, nhưng cập nhật tập tin cấu hình gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr "không thể ghi vào mẫu mô tả nhánh: %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:747
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn chung"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:749
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr "hiển thị mã băm và chủ đề, đưa ra hai lần cho nhánh thượng nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:750
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr "Thu hồi các thông điệp thông tin"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr "cài đặt chế độ theo vết (xem git-pull(1))"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:753
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr "thay đổi thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "sử dụng kết xuất có tô màu"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:758
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "thao tác trên nhánh “remote-tracking”"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:761 builtin/branch.c:767 builtin/branch.c:788
+#: builtin/branch.c:794 builtin/commit.c:1376 builtin/commit.c:1377
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378 builtin/commit.c:1379 builtin/tag.c:470
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "commit"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762 builtin/branch.c:768
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:774
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr "Hành động git-branch:"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:775
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "liệt kê cả nhánh “remote-tracking” và nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:777
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr "xóa một cách đầy đủ nhánh đã hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:778
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr "xoá nhánh (cho dù là chưa được hòa trộn)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:779
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr "di chuyển hay đổi tên một nhánh và reflog của nó"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:780
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr "di chuyển hoặc đổi tên một nhánh, thậm chí cả khi đích đã có sẵn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:781
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "liệt kê các tên nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:782
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr "tạo reflog của nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:784
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr "sửa mô tả cho nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:785
+msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
+msgstr "ép buộc tạo (khi đã sẵn tồn tại rồi)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "print only not merged branches"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:794
+msgid "print only merged branches"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các nhánh được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:798
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr "liệt kê các nhánh trong các cột"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:811
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi giải quyết HEAD như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:816 builtin/clone.c:561
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "không tìm thấy HEAD ở dưới refs/heads!"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:836
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column và --verbose xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:887
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "nhánh “%s” chưa sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:899
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr "Nhánh “%s” không có thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream)"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:914
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr ""
+"hai tùy chọn -a và -r áp dụng cho lệnh “git branch” không hợp lý đối với tên "
+"nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:917
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Cờ --set-upstream bị phản đối và sẽ bị xóa bỏ. Nên dùng --track hoặc --set-"
+"upstream-to\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:934
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nếu bạn muốn “%s” theo dõi “%s”, thực hiện lệnh sau:\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:935
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch -d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:936
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+msgstr "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "“%s” tốt\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để mà tạo một bundle."
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "Cần một kho chứa để mà bung một bundle."
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<kiểu>|--textconv) <đối tượng>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+msgstr "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <danh-sách-đối-tượng>"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr "<kiểu> là một trong số: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "hiển thị kiểu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "hiển thị kích thước đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr "thoát với 0 khi không có lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr "in nội dung đối tượng dạng dễ đọc"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr "với đối tượng blob, chạy lệnh textconv trên nội dung của đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị thông tin và nội dung của các đối tượng lấy từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "hiển thị các thông tin về đối tượng fed  từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+msgstr "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] tên-đường-dẫn..."
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr ""
+"git check-attr --stdin [-z] [-a | --all | attr...] < <danh-sách-đường-dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr "báo cáo tất cả các thuộc tính đặt trên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr "chỉ sử dụng .gitattributes từ bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "đọc tên tập tin từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
+msgstr "các đường dẫn được  ngăn cách bởi ký tự null"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
+msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git checkout-index [các-tùy-chọn] [--] [<tập-tin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr "lấy ra toàn bộ các tập tin trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr "ép buộc ghi đè lên tập tin đã sẵn có từ trước"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr ""
+"không cảnh báo cho những tập tin tồn tại và không có trong bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "không checkout các tập tin mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "cập nhật thông tin thống kê trong tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr " đọc danh sách đường dẫn từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr "ghi nội dung vào tập tin tạm"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "string"
+msgstr "chuỗi"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr "khi tạo các tập tin, nối thêm <chuỗi>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr "sao chép ra các tập tin từ trạng thái được đặt tên"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:25
+msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-chọn] <nhánh>"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:26
+msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git checkout [các-tùy-chọn] [<nhánh>] -- <tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s” không có các phiên bản của chúng ta"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s” không có các phiên bản của chúng"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s” không có tất cả các phiên bản cần thiết"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s” không có các phiên bản cần thiết"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s”: không thể hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể thêm kết quả hòa trộn cho “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
+#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "“%s” không thể được sử dụng với các đường dẫn cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "“%s” không thể được sử dụng với %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cập nhật các đường dẫn và chuyển đến nhánh “%s” cùng một lúc."
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "tập tin ghi bảng mục lục bị hỏng"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "đường dẫn “%s” không được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "bạn cần phải giải quyết bảng mục lục hiện tại của bạn trước đã!"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện reflog cho “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD hiện giờ tại"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đặt lại nhánh “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đã sẵn sàng trên “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đã chuyển tới và reset nhánh “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:618 builtin/checkout.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đã chuyển đến nhánh mới “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đã chuyển đến nhánh “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... và nhiều hơn %d.\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Cảnh báo: bạn đã rời bỏ %d lần chuyển giao (commit) lại đằng sau, không được "
+"kết nối đến\n"
+"bất kỳ nhánh nào của bạn:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Cảnh báo: bạn đã rời bỏ %d lần chuyển giao (commit) lại đằng sau, không được "
+"kết nối đến\n"
+"bất kỳ nhánh nào của bạn:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nếu bạn muốn giữ chúng bằng cách tạo ra một nhánh mới, đây có lẽ là một thời "
+"điểm thích hợp\n"
+"để làm thế bằng lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch tên_nhánh_mới %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "lỗi nội bộ trong khi di chuyển qua các điểm xét lại"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "Vị trí kế trước của HEAD là"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "Bạn tại nhánh mà nó chưa hề được sinh ra"
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "tham chiếu sai: %s"
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "tham chiếu không phải là một cây (tree):%s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:964
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "các đường dẫn không thể dùng cùng với các nhánh chuyển"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:967 builtin/checkout.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "“%s” không thể được sử dụng với các nhánh chuyển"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:978 builtin/checkout.c:983
+#: builtin/checkout.c:986
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "“%s” không thể được sử dụng với “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể chuyển nhánh đến một non-commit “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr "chặn các báo cáo tiến trình hoạt động"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1013 builtin/checkout.c:1015 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr "tạo và checkout một nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr "create/reset và checkout một nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1017
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "tạo reflog cho nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr "rời bỏ HEAD tại lần chuyển giao danh nghĩa"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "đặt thông tin thượng nguồn (upstream) cho nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new branch"
+msgstr "nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "nhánh mồ côi mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1022
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+"lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng ta cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+"lấy ra (checkout) phiên bản của chúng họ cho các tập tin chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1026
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr "ép buộc lấy ra (checkout) (bỏ đi những thay đổi nội bộ)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr "thực hiện hòa trộn kiểu 3-way với nhánh mới"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/merge.c:215
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin bị bỏ qua (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1029 builtin/log.c:1116 parse-options.h:241
+msgid "style"
+msgstr "kiểu"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr "xung đột kiểu (hòa trộn hay diff3)"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1033
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+msgstr "gợi ý thứ hai “git checkout không-nhánh-nào-như-vậy”"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1057
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn -b|-B và --orphan loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1074
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track cần tên một nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1081
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "Thiếu tên nhánh; hãy thử -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1116
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "đường dẫn đã cho không hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1123
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể cập nhật và chuyển thành nhánh “%s” cùng lúc\n"
+"Bạn đã có ý định checkout “%s” cái mà không thể được phân giải như là lần "
+"chuyển giao (commit)?"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1128
+#, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout: --detach không nhận một đối số đường dẫn “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1132
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force và --merge là xung khắc với nhau khi\n"
+"checkout bảng mục lục (index)."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:19
+msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <mẫu>] [-x | -X] [--] <đường-dẫn>..."
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:51
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr "không hiển thị tên của các tập tin đã gỡ bỏ"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:53
+msgid "force"
+msgstr "ép buộc"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:55
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ toàn bộ thư mục"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:717
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr "mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:57
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr "thêm <mẫu> vào trong qui tắc bỏ qua"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:58
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr "đồng thời gỡ bỏ cả các tập tin bị bỏ qua"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:60
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr "chỉ gỡ bỏ những tập tin bị bỏ qua"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x và -X không thể dùng cùng một lúc với nhau"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce được đặt thành true và không đưa ra tùy chọn  -n mà cũng "
+"không -f; từ chối lệnh dọn dẹp (clean)"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce mặc định được đặt thành true và không đưa ra tùy chọn  -n "
+"mà cũng không -f; từ chối lệnh dọn dẹp (clean)"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Có thể gỡ bỏ %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang gỡ bỏ %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi gỡ bỏ %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ bỏ %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr "Không xóa %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:36
+msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr "git clone [các-tùy-chọn] [--] <kho> [<t.mục>]"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
+#: builtin/push.c:399
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr "ép buộc báo cáo tiến trình"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:66
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr "không tạo một checkout"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "tạo kho chứa bare"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:72
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr "tạo kho bản sao (mirror) (ngụ ý là bare)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:74
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr "để nhân bản từ kho nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:76
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr "không sử dụng liên kết cứng nội bộ, luôn sao chép"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:78
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "cài đặt đây là kho chia sẻ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr "khởi tạo mô-đun-con trong bản sao"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "thư-mục-tạm"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr "thư mục mà tại đó các mẫu sẽ được dùng"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:86
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "tên"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr "dùng <tên> thay vì “origin” để theo dõi thượng nguồn (uptream)"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr "lấy ra nhánh (checkout <nhánh>) thay vì HEAD của máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr "đường dẫn đến git-upload-pack trên máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:662
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr "độ sâu"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr "tạo bản sao không đầy đủ cho mức sâu đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr "nhân bản (clone) chỉ một nhánh, HEAD hoặc --branch"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr "gitdir"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr "không dùng chung thư mục dành riêng cho git và thư mục làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:99
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr "khóa=giá trị"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "đặt cấu hình bên trong một kho chứa mới"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr "kho tham chiếu “%s” không phải là một thư mục nội bộ."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "tạo thư mục \"%s\" gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi stat (lấy trạng thái về) “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s tồn tại nhưng không phải là một thư mục"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "lỗi stat (lấy trạng thái về) %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tạo được liên kết mềm %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi chép tập tin tới “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "hoàn tất.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy nhánh máy chủ %s để nhân bản (clone)."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:552
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr "refers HEAD máy chủ  chỉ đến ref không tồn tại, không thể checkout.\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:690
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "Có quá nhiều đối số."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:694
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "Bạn phải chỉ định một kho để mà nhân bản (clone)."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:705
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "tùy chọn --bare và --origin %s xung khắc nhau."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:719
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "kho chứa “%s” chưa tồn tại"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:724
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth bị lờ đi khi nhân bản nội bộ; hãy sử dụng file:// để thay thế."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:734
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "đường dẫn đích “%s” đã có từ trước và không phải là một thư mục rỗng."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:744
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "cây làm việc “%s” đã sẵn tồn tại rồi."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:757 builtin/clone.c:771
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo các thư mục dẫn đầu của “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr "không thể tạo cây thư mục làm việc dir “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:779
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Đang nhân bản thành kho chứa bare “%s”...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "Đang nhân bản thành “%s”...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để nhân bản (clone) %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:872
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "Nhánh máy chủ %s không tìm thấy trong thượng nguồn (upstream) %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:879
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "Bạn hình như là đã nhân bản một kho trống rỗng."
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [options]"
+msgstr "git column [các-tùy-chọn]"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr "tìm kiếm biến cấu hình"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "bố cục để dùng"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr "Độ rộng tối đa"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trống vào bờ bên trái"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trắng vào tiếp giáp bên phải"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr "Chèn thêm khoảng trắng giữa các cột"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command phải là đối số đầu tiên"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:34
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git commit [các-tùy-chọn] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:39
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git status [các-tùy-chọn] [--] <mẫu-tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:44
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tên và địa chỉ thư điện tử của bạn được cấu hình một cách tự động trên cơ "
+"sở\n"
+"tài khoản và địa chỉ máy chủ của bạn. Xin hãy kiểm tra xem chúng có chính "
+"xác không.\n"
+"Bạn có thể chặn những thông báo kiểu này bằng cách cài đặt các thông tin "
+"trên một cách rõ ràng:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Tên của bạn\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"Sau khi thực hiện xong, bạn có thể sửa chữa định danh được sử dụng cho lần "
+"chuyển giao (commit) này với lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:56
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đã yêu cầu amend (tu bổ) phần lớn các lần chuyển giao (commit) gần đây, "
+"nhưng làm như thế\n"
+"có thể làm cho nó trở nên trống rỗng. Bạn có thể lặp lại lệnh của mình bằng "
+"--allow-empty,\n"
+"hoặc là bạn gỡ bỏ các lần chuyển giao một cách hoàn toàn bằng lệnh:\n"
+"\"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:61
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Lần cherry-pick trước hiện nay trống rỗng, có lẽ là bởi vì sự phân giải xung "
+"đột.\n"
+"Nếu bạn muốn chuyển giao nó cho dù thế nào đi nữa, sử dụng:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Nếu không, hãy thử dùng “git reset”\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:258
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi tháo dỡ HEAD đối tượng cây"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:300
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "không thể tạo bảng mục lục tạm thời"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:306
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "việc thêm tương tác gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:339 builtin/commit.c:360 builtin/commit.c:410
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới (new_index)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:391
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao (commit) cục bộ trong khi đang được hòa "
+"trộn."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:393
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể thực hiện việc chuyển giao (commit) bộ phận trong khi đang cherry-"
+"pick."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:403
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "không đọc được bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:423
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục tạm thời"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:511 builtin/commit.c:517
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:540
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "đối số --author bị dị hình"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:560
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr "Chuỗi thụt lề đầu dòng dị hình: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:598 builtin/commit.c:631 builtin/commit.c:954
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "không thể tìm kiếm commit (lần chuyển giao) %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:610 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "(đang đọc thông điệp nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn)\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:612
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "không thể đọc nhật ký từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "không đọc được tệp nhật ký “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:622
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "lần chuyển giao (commit) có ghi chú trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "không thể đọc MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:642
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "không thể đọc SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:707
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "không thể ghi mẫu commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nó trông giống với việc bạn đang chuyển giao một lần hòa trộn.\n"
+"Nếu không phải vậy, xin hãy gỡ bỏ tập tin\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"và thử lại.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Nó trông giống với việc bạn đang chuyển giao một lần cherry-pick.\n"
+"Nếu không phải vậy, xin hãy gỡ bỏ tập tin\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"và thử lại.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:735
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích các thay đổi của bạn. Những dòng "
+"được\n"
+"bắt đầu bằng “#” sẽ được bỏ qua, phần chú thích này nếu rỗng sẽ làm hủy bỏ "
+"lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:740
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích các thay đổi của bạn.Những dòng "
+"được\n"
+"bắt đầu bằng “#” sẽ được bỏ qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi nếu muốn.\n"
+"Phần chú thích này nếu rỗng sẽ làm hủy bỏ lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:753
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%sTác giả:    %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:760
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%sNgười chuyển giao (commit): %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:780
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "không đọc được bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:817
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi xây dựng cây"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:832 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "Xin hãy áp dụng thông điệp sử dụng hoặc là tùy chọn -m hoặc là -F.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:929
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy tác giả có sẵn với “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:944 builtin/commit.c:1148
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "Chế độ cho các tập tin không bị theo vết không hợp lệ “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:984
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "Sử dụng cả hai tùy chọn --reset-author và --author không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:995
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "Không có gì để amend (tu bổ) cả."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:998
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn -- không thể thực hiện amend (tu bổ)."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1000
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đang ở giữa của quá trình cherry-pick -- không thể thực hiện amend (tu "
+"bổ)."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1003
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "Các tùy chọn --squash và --fixup không thể sử dụng cùng với nhau"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1013
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "Chỉ một tùy chọn trong số -c/-C/-F/--fixup được sử dụng"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "Tùy chọn -m không thể được tổ hợp cùng với -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1023
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr ""
+"--reset-author chỉ có thể được sử dụng với tùy chọn -C, -c hay --amend."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1040
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr ""
+"Chỉ một trong các tùy chọn --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch được "
+"sử dụng."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1042
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "Không đường dẫn với các tùy chọn --include/--only không hợp lý."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr "Giỏi...  tu bổ cái cuối với bảng mục lục phi nghĩa."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr ""
+"Những đường dẫn rõ ràng được chỉ ra không có tùy chọn -i cũng không -o; đang "
+"giả định --only những-đường-dẫn..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1056 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "Chế độ dọn dẹp không hợp lệ %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1061
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "Các đường dẫn với tùy chọn -a không hợp lý."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1067 builtin/commit.c:1202
+msgid "--long and -z are incompatible"
+msgstr "hai tùy chọn -long và -z không tương thích với nhau"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1162 builtin/commit.c:1398
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở dạng súc tích"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1164 builtin/commit.c:1400
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr "hiển thị thông tin nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1166 builtin/commit.c:1402 builtin/push.c:389
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr "kết xuất dạng máy-có-thể-đọc"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1169 builtin/commit.c:1404
+msgid "show status in long format (default)"
+msgstr "hiển thị trạng thái ở định dạng dài (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1172 builtin/commit.c:1407
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr "chấm dứt các mục bằng NUL"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1174 builtin/commit.c:1410 builtin/fast-export.c:636
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr "chế độ"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1175 builtin/commit.c:1410
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị các tập tin chưa được theo dõi  dấu vết, các chế độ tùy chọn:  all, "
+"normal, no. (Mặc định: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1178
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin ẩn"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1179 parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "khi"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1180
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+"bỏ qua các thay đổi trong mô-đun con, tùy chọn khi: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Mặc định: all)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1182
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các tập-tin chưa được theo dõi trong các cột"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1256
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "không thể tìm thấy lần chuyển giao (commit) mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1258
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr ""
+"không thể phân tích cú pháp của đối tượng chuyển giao mới hơn đã được tạo"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1299
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "đã rời khỏi HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1301
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr " (root-commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1368
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr "không hiển thị tổng kết sau khi chuyển giao thành công"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1369
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr "hiển thị sự khác biệt trong mẫu tin nhắn chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1371
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "Các tùy chọn ghi chú commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1372 builtin/tag.c:459
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr "đọc chú thích từ tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "author"
+msgstr "tác giả"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1373
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "ghi đè tác giả cho commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374 builtin/gc.c:178
+msgid "date"
+msgstr "ngày tháng"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1374
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "ghi đè ngày tháng cho commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:537
+#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/tag.c:457
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "thông điệp"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1375
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "chú thích của lần commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1376
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao (commit) đã cho nhưng có cho sửa chữa"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1377
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr "dùng lại các ghi chú từ lần chuyển giao (commit) đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1378
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"dùng ghi chú có định dạng autosquash để sửa chữa lần chuyển giao đã chỉ ra"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1379
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+"dùng lời nhắn có định dạng tự động nén để nén lại các lần chuyển giao đã chỉ "
+"ra"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1380
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr ""
+"lần chuyển giao nhận tôi là tác giả (được dùng với tùy chọn -C/-c/--amend)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1381 builtin/log.c:1073 builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr "thêm dòng Signed-off-by:"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1382
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr "sử dụng tập tin mẫu đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1383
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "ép buộc sửa lần commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384
+msgid "default"
+msgstr "mặc định"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1384 builtin/tag.c:462
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr "làm thế nào để cắt bỏ khoảng trắng và #ghichú từ mẩu tin nhắn"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1385
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "bao gồm các trạng thái ghi mẫu ghi chú chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1386 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+msgid "key id"
+msgstr "id khóa"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387 builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr "ký lần commit dùng GPG"
+
+#. end commit message options
+#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr "Các tùy nội dung ghi chú commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1391
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr "chuyển giao tất cả các tập tin có thay đổi"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr "thêm các tập tin đã chỉ ra vào bảng mục lục để chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "thêm các tập-tin bằng tương tác"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "thêm các thay đổi bằng tương tác"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "chỉ chuyển giao các tập tin đã chỉ ra"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) pre-commit"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "hiển thị xem cái gì có thể được chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1408
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr "tu bổ (amend) lần commit trước"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr "vòng qua móc (hook) post-rewrite"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr "ok để ghi lại một thay đổi trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1417
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr "ok để ghi các thay đổi với lời nhắn trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1449
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1487 builtin/merge.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "không thể mở “%s” để đọc"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "Tập tin MERGE_HEAD sai hỏng (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1501
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "không thể đọc MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1520
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc thông điệp (message) commit (lần chuyển giao): %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1534
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Đang bỏ qua việc chuyển giao (commit); bạn đã không biên soạn thông điệp "
+"(message).\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1539
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Đang bỏ qua lần chuyển giao (commit) bởi vì thông điệp của nó trống rỗng.\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554 builtin/merge.c:832 builtin/merge.c:857
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi ghi đối tượng chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1575
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr "không thể khóa HEAD ref (tham chiếu)"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1579
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật ref (tham chiếu) HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"Kho chứa đã hoàn tất việc cập nhật, nhưng không thể ghi vào\n"
+"tập tin new_index (bảng mục lục mới). Hãy kiểm tra xem đĩa có bị đầy quá\n"
+"hay quota (hạn nghạch đĩa cứng) bị vượt quá, và sau đó \"git reset HEAD\" để "
+"khắc phục."
+
+#: builtin/config.c:7
+msgid "git config [options]"
+msgstr "git config [các-tùy-chọn]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:51
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr "Vị trí tập tin cấu hình"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:52
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "đặt tập tin cấu hình cần toàn cục"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:53
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr "sử dụng tập tin cấu hình hệ thống"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:54
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "dùng tập tin cấu hình của kho"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "sử dụng tập tin cấu hình đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "Hành động"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "lấy giá-trị: tên [value-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr "lấy tất cả giá-trị: khóa [value-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr "lấy giá trị cho regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr "thay thế tất cả các biến khớp mẫu: tên giá-trị [value_regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr "thêm biến mới: tên giá-trị"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ biến: tên [value-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ mọi cái khớp: tên [value-regex]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr "đổi tên chương: tên-cũ tên-mới"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr "gỡ bỏ chương: tên"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr "liệt kê tất"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr "mở một trình biên soạn"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68 builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "slot"
+msgstr "khe"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
+msgstr "tìm cấu hình màu sắc: [mặc định]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr "tìm các cài đặt về màu sắc: [stdout-là-tty]"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr "Kiểu"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr "giá trị là \"true\" hoặc \"false\""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr "giá trị ở dạng số thập phân"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr "giá trị là --bool hoặc --int"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr "giá trị là đường dẫn (tên tập tin hay thư mục)"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr "Khác"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr "chấm dứt giá trị với byte NUL"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr "tôn trọng kể cà các hướng trong tìm kiếm"
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
+msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+msgstr "git count-objects [-v]"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:15
+msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
+msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-chọn] <committish>*"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:16
+msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+msgstr "git describe [các-tùy-chọn] --dirty"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "thẻ đã được ghi chú %s không sẵn để dùng"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "thẻ được chú giải %s không có tên nhúng"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "thẻ “%s” đã thực sự ở đây “%s” rồi"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "Không phải tên đối tượng %s hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr "%s không phải là một đối tượng “%s” hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "không có thẻ nào khớp chính xác với “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang tìm kiếm để mô tả %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "việc tìm kiếm đã kết thúc tại %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thẻ được chú giải nào được mô tả là “%s”.\n"
+"Tuy nhiên, ở đây có những thẻ không được chú giải: hãy thử --tags."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thẻ (tag) có thể mô tả “%s”.\n"
+"Hãy thử --always, hoặt tạo một số thẻ."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "đã xuyên %lu qua lần chuyển giao (commit)\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"tìm thấy nhiều hơn %i thẻ (tag); đã liệt kê %i gần đây nhất\n"
+"bỏ đi tìm kiếm tại %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr "tìm các thẻ mà nó đến trước lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr "chiến lược tìm kiếm trên đầu ra lỗi chuẩn stderr"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ ref nào trong .git/refs"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
+msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+msgstr "sử dụng bất kỳ thẻ nào trong .git/refs/tags"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:407
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr "luôn dùng định dạng dài"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:410
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "chỉ xuất những gì khớp chính xác"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:412
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr "coi như  <n> thẻ gần đây nhất (mặc định: 10)"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:414
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "chỉ cân nhắc đến những thẻ khớp với  <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr "hiển thị đối tượng chuyển giao vắn tắt như là fallback"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr "dấu"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:418
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr "thêm <dấu> trên cây thư mục làm việc bẩn (mặc định \"-dirty\")"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long là xung khắc với tùy chọn --abbrev=0"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy các tên, không thể mô tả gì cả."
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr "--dirty là xung khắc với các tùy chọn dành cho chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "“%s”: không phải tập tin bình thường hay liên kết tượng trưng"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:228
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "tùy chọn sai: %s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:305
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "Không phải là kho git"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:348
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "đối tượng đã cho “%s” không hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr "đã chỉ ra nhiều hơn %d cây (tree): “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "đã cho nhiều hơn hai đối tượng blob: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:371
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "đã cho đối tượng không thể nắm giữ “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:22
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "hiển thị tiến triển sau <n> đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr "chọn điều khiển của thẻ đã ký"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr "chọn sự xử lý của các thẻ, cái mà đánh thẻ các đối tượng được lọc ra"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr "Đổ các đánh dấu này vào tập-tin"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr "nhập vào đánh dấu từ tập tin này"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr "Làm giả một cái thẻ khi thẻ bị thiếu một cái"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr "Xuất ra toàn bộ cây cho mỗi lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr "Sử dụng tính năng done để chấm dứt luồng dữ liệu"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr "Bỏ qua kết xuất của dữ liệu blob"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git fetch [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<kho-chứa> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr "git fetch [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<nhóm>"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr "git fetch --multiple [<các-tùy-chọn>] [(<kho> | <nhóm>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr "git fetch --all [<các-tùy-chọn>]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:60
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr "fetch từ tất cả các máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:62
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr "nối thêm vào .git/FETCH_HEAD thay vì ghi đè lên nó"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:64
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr "đường dẫn đến gói (pack) tải lên trên máy chủ cuối"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:65
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr "ép buộc ghi đè lên nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:67
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr "fetch từ nhiều máy chủ cùng lúc"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:69
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "lấy (fetch) tất cả các thẻ cùng với các đối tượng liên quan đến nó"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:71
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "không lấy (fetch) tất cả các thẻ (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:73
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr ""
+"cắt cụt (prune) các nhánh “remote-tracking” không còn tồn tại trên máy chủ "
+"nữa"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:74
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr "khi-cần"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:75
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr "điều khiển việc lấy về (fetch) đệ quy trong các mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:79
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr "giữ các gói đã tải về"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:81
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "cho phép cập nhật ref (tham chiếu) HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:84
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr "làm sâu hơn lịch sử của bản sao"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr "tmục"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "soạn sẵn cái này cho kết xuất đường dẫn mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr "chế độ mặc định cho đệ qui"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể tìm thấy máy chủ cho tham chiếu HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy đối tượng %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:259
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[đã cập nhật]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (không thể fetch (lấy) về nhánh hiện hành)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274 builtin/fetch.c:360
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[Bị từ chối]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:285
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[cập nhật thẻ]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:287 builtin/fetch.c:322 builtin/fetch.c:340
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr "  (không thể cập nhật tham chiếu (ref) nội bộ)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:305
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[thẻ mới]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:308
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[nhánh mới]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:311
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[ref (tham chiếu) mới]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "không thể cập nhật tham chiếu (ref) nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:356
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "cưỡng bức cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:362
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr "(non-fast-forward)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:393 builtin/fetch.c:685
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "không thể mở %s: %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:402
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s đã không gửi tất cả các đối tượng cần thiết\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:488
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "Từ %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"một số tham chiếu (refs) nội bộ không thể được cập nhật; hãy thử chạy\n"
+" “git remote prune %s” để bỏ đi những nhánh cũ, hay bị xung đột"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:549
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s sẽ trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   (%s đã trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý))"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:557
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[đã xóa]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "(không)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr ""
+"Từ chối việc lấy (fetch) vào trong nhánh hiện tại %s của một kho chứa không "
+"phải kho trần (bare)"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:709
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr "Không biết làm cách nào để lấy về (fetch) từ %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:786
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn \"%s\" có giá trị \"%s\" là không hợp lệ cho %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn \"%s\" bị bỏ qua với %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:891
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang lấy (fetch) %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:893 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "không thể fetch (lấy) %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:912
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr ""
+"Chưa chỉ ra kho chứa máy chủ.  Xin hãy chỉ định hoặc là URL hoặc\n"
+"tên máy chủ từ cái mà những điểm xét duyệt mới có thể được fetch (lấy về)."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:932
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "Bạn phải định rõ tên thẻ."
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:984
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "lệnh lấy về \"fetch --all\" không lấy đối số kho chứa"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:986
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "lệnh lấy về \"fetch --all\" không hợp lý với refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:997
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "không có nhóm máy chủ hay máy chủ như thế: %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1005
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "Việc lấy về cả một nhóm và chỉ định refspecs không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
+msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git fmt-merge-msg [-m <thông điệp>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <tập-tin>]"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:701
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:175
+#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "n"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr "gắn nhật ký với ít nhất <n> mục từ lệnh “shortlog”"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr "bí danh cho --log (không được dùng)"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+msgid "text"
+msgstr "văn bản"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr "dùng <văn bản thường> để bắt đầu ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "tập tin để đọc dữ liệu từ đó"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
+msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git for-each-ref [các-tùy-chọn] [<mẫu>]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho hệ vỏ (shell)"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho perl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho python"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+msgstr "trích dẫn để phù hợp cho tcl"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr "hiển thị chỉ <n> tham chiếu khớp"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format"
+msgstr "định dạng"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr "định dạng sẽ dùng cho đầu ra"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
+msgid "key"
+msgstr "khóa"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr "tên trường cần sắp xếp"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:608
+msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git fsck [các-tùy-chọn] [<đối-tượng>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr "hiển thị các đối tượng không thể đọc được"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "hiển thị các đối tượng không được quản lý"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr "báo cáo các thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:617
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr "báo cáo node gốc"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr "tạo “ index objects head nodes”"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:619
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr "tạo  reflogs head nodes (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:620
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr "cũng cân nhắc đến các đối tượng gói và thay thế"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:621
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr "cho phép kiểm tra hạn chế hơn"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:623
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr "ghi các đối tượng không được quản lý trong .git/lost-found"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr "hiển thị quá trình"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:22
+msgid "git gc [options]"
+msgstr "git gc [các-tùy-chọn]"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "%s không hợp lệ: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr "thư mục đối tượng dài một cách điên rồ  %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:179
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr "xóa bỏ các đối tượng không được tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:181
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr "cẩn thận hơn nữa (tăng thời gian chạy)"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:182
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr "bật chế độ auto-gc"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:222
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Tự động đóng gói kho chứa để tối ưu hóa hiệu suất làm việc.\n"
+"chạy lệnh \"git gc\" một cách thủ công. Hãy xem \"git help gc\" để biết thêm "
+"chi tiết.\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:249
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr ""
+"Có quá nhiều đối tượng tự do không được dùng đến; hãy chạy lệnh “git prune” "
+"để xóa bỏ chúng đi."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:22
+msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr "git grep [các-tùy-chọn] [-e] <mẫu> [<rev>...] [[--] <đường-dẫn>...]"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep: gặp lỗi tạo tuyến (thread): %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:365
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi với lệnh chdir: %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:443 builtin/grep.c:478
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "không thể đọc cây (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:493
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "không thể thực hiện lệnh grep (lọc tìm) từ đối tượng thuộc kiểu %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "chuyển đến `%c' cần một giá trị bằng số"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "không mở được “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:643
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr "tìm trong bảng mục lục thay vì trong cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:645
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr "tìm trong nội dung không được quản lý bởi git"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:647
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "tìm kiếm các tập tin được và chưa được theo dõi dấu vết"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:649
+msgid "search also in ignored files"
+msgstr "tìm cả trong các tập tin đã bị lờ đi"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:652
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr "hiển thị  những dòng không khớp với mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:654
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr "phân biệt chữ hoa/thường"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:656
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr "chỉ khớp mẫu tại đường ranh giới từ"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:658
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr "xử lý tập tin nhị phân như là dạng văn bản thường"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:660
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr "không khớp mẫu trong các tập tin nhị phân"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:663
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr "giảm xuống ít nhất mức <sâu>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:667
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr "dùng biểu thức chính qui POSIX có mở rộng"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:670
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr "sử dụng biểu thức chính quy kiểu POSIX (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:673
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr "diễn dịch các mẫu như là chuỗi cố định"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:676
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr "sử dụng biểu thức chính quy tương thích Perl"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:679
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr "hiển thị số của dòng"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:680
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr "không hiển thị tên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:681
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:683
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr "hiển thị tên tập tin tương đối với thư mục đỉnh (top)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:685
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên tập tin thay vì những dòng khớp với mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:687
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr "đồng nghĩa với --files-with-matches"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:690
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên cho những tập tin không khớp với mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:692
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "thêm NUL vào sau tên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:694
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr "hiển thị số lượng khớp thay vì những dòng khớp với mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:695
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr "tô sáng cái khớp"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:697
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr "hiển thị dòng trống giữa các lần khớp từ các tập tin khác biệt"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:699
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị tên tập tin một lần phía trên các lần khớp từ cùng một tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:702
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung phía trước và sau các lần khớp"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:705
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung trước khớp"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:707
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng nội dung sau khớp"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:708
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr "Dạng tắt cho -C SỐ"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:711
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr "hiển thị dòng vói tên hàm trước các lần khớp"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:713
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr "hiển thị hàm bao quanh"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:716
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr "đọc mẫu từ tập-tin"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:718
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr "match <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:720
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr "tổ hợp mẫu được chỉ ra với tùy chọn -e"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr "đưa ra gợi ý với trạng thái thoát mà không có kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những cái khớp từ tập tin mà nó khớp toàn bộ các mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:736
+msgid "show parse tree for grep expression"
+msgstr "hiển thị cây phân tích cú pháp cho biểu thức “grep” (tìm kiếm)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr "trang giấy"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:740
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin khớp trong trang giấy"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr "cho phép gọi grep(1) (bị bỏ qua bởi lần dịch này)"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:744 builtin/show-ref.c:184
+msgid "show usage"
+msgstr "hiển thị cách dùng"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:811
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "chưa chỉ ra mẫu."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr "đối tượng sai %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:866
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager chỉ làm việc trên cây-làm-việc"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:889
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached hay --untracked không được sử dụng với --no-index."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:894
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr ""
+"--no-index hay --untracked không được sử dụng cùng với các tùy chọn liên "
+"quan đến revs."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:897
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard không thể sử dụng cho nội dung lưu dấu vết."
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:905
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "cả hai --cached và các cây phải được chỉ ra."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:60
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<file>..."
+msgstr ""
+"git hash-object [-t <kiểu>] [-w] [--path=<tập-tin>|--no-filters] [--stdin] "
+"[--] <tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:61
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <danh-sách-đường-dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "type"
+msgstr "kiểu"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "kiểu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:73
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr "ghi đối tượng vào dữ liệu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:74
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr "đọc đối tượng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn stdin"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:76
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr "lưu các tập tin mà nó không có các bộ lọc"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:77
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr "xử lý tập tin như là nó đang ở thư mục này"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "hiển thị danh sách các câu lệnh người dùng có thể sử dụng"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr "hiển thị trang man"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr "hiển thị hướng dẫn sử dụng trong trình duyệt web"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr "hiện trang info"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [lệnh]"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "không nhận ra định dạng trợ giúp “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:93
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "Lỗi khởi chạy emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:106
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi phân tích phiên bản emacsclient."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "phiên bản của emacsclient “%d” quá cũ (< 22)."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi thực thi “%s”: %s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"“%s”: đường dẫn không hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
+"Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.cmd” để thay thế."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"“%s”: cmd (lệnh) hỗ trợ bộ trình chiếu man.\n"
+"Hãy cân nhắc đến việc sử dụng “man.<tool>.path” để thay thế."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:299
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "Những lệnh git hay được sử dụng nhất là:"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "“%s”: không rõ chương trình xem man."
+
+#: builtin/help.c:384
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng manpage tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:392
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "không có trình xem trợ giúp dạng info tiếp hợp với yêu cầu"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "cách sử dụng: %s%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "`git %s' được đặt bí danh thành `%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "kiểu đối tượng không khớp tại %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr "đối tượng của kiểu không mong đợi"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "không thể điền vào %d byte"
+msgstr[1] "không thể điền vào %d byte"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "vừa đúng lúc EOF"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "lỗi đọc ở đầu vào"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "sử dụng nhiều hơn số lượng byte mà nó sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "pack quá lớn so với định nghĩa hiện tại của kiểu off_t"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể mở packfile “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "chữ ký cho pack không khớp"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr "không hỗ trợ phiên bản pack %<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr "pack có đối tượng sai khoảng bù (offset) %lu: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "xả nén trả về %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "tràn giá trị khoảng bù cho đối tượng delta cơ sở"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "khoảng bù cơ sở cho delta nằm ngoài phạm vi"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "không hiểu kiểu đối tượng %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "không thể chạy hàm pread cho tập tin pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "tập tin pack bị kết thúc sớm, %lu byte bị thiếu"
+msgstr[1] "tập tin pack bị kết thúc sớm, %lu byte bị thiếu"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "sự mâu thuẫn xả nén nghiêm trọng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "SỰ VA CHẠM SHA1 ĐÃ XẢY RA VỚI %s!"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "không thể đọc đối tượng đã tồn tại %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "đối tượng blob không hợp lệ %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "%s không hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "Lỗi trong đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "Không phải tất cả các đối tượng con của %s là có thể với tới được"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi áp dụng delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "Đang nhận về các đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "Các đối tượng bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "pack bị sai hỏng (SHA1 không khớp)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "không thể fstat packfile"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "pack có phần thừa ở cuối"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ khi chạy hàm parse_pack_objects()"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "Đang phân giải các delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tuyến: %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "lộn xộn hơn cả điên rồ"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr "đầy đủ với %d đối tượng nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr "Tổng kiểm tra tail không như mong đợi cho %s (đĩa hỏng?)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "pack có %d delta chưa được giải quyết"
+msgstr[1] "pack có %d delta chưa được giải quyết"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "không thể xả đối tượng nối thêm (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "đối tượng nội bộ %s bị hỏng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi trong khi đóng tập tin pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể ghi tập tin giữ lại “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đóng tập tin giữ lại đã được ghi “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "không thể lưu tập tin pack"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "không thể lưu trữ tập tin ghi mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "sai pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr "số tuyến chỉ ra không hợp lệ (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr "không hỗ trợ đa tuyến, bỏ qua %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin pack đã sẵn có “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin “pack idx” cho “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "không delta: %d đối tượng"
+msgstr[1] "không delta: %d đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "chiều dài xích = %d: %lu đối tượng"
+msgstr[1] "chiều dài xích = %d: %lu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "Không thể quay lại cwd"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "%s sai"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin không thể được dùng mà không có --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "tên tập tin packfile “%s” không được kết thúc bằng đuôi “.pack”"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "dùng tùy chọn --verify mà không đưa ra tên packfile"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "Không thể làm %s được ghi bởi nhóm"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr "tên mẫu dài một cách điên rồ %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể lấy trạng thái (stat) về “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể stat (lấy trạng thái về) mẫu “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể opendir “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể readlink “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr "liên kết tượng trưng dài một cách điên rồ %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo liên kết tượng trưng (symlink) “%s” “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể sao chép %s sang %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "đang lờ đi mẫu %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr "đường dẫn mẫu dài một cách điên rồ  %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "các mẫu không được tìm thấy %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr "không sao chép các mẫu của phiên bản sai định dạng %d từ “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr "thư mục git điên rồ %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s đã có từ trước rồi"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "không thể nắm (handle) tập tin kiểu %d"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "không di chuyển được %s vào %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo liên kết git “%s”"
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s kho Git trong %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "Khởi tạo lại đã sẵn có rồi"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "Khởi tạo trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:422
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr " đã chia sẻ"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:441
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr "không nói chuyện được với lệnh cwd"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
+"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+msgstr ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<thư-mục-tạm>] [--shared[=<các-"
+"quyền>]] [thư-mục]"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr "các quyền"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr "chỉ ra cái mà kho git được chia sẻ giữa nhiều người dùng"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "im lặng"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "không thể mkdir (tạo thư mục): %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "không thể chdir (chuyển đổi thư mục) sang %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"%s (hoặc --work-tree=<thư-mục>) không cho phép không chỉ định %s (hoặc --git-"
+"dir=<thư-mục>)"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:579
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr "Không thể truy cập thư mục làm việc hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể truy cập cây (tree) làm việc “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:37
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git log [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<kể-từ>..<cho-đến>] [[--] <đường-dẫn>...]\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:38
+msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
+msgstr "   or: git show [các-tùy-chọn] <đối-tượng>..."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:100
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr "chặn mọi kết xuất từ diff"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:101
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "hiển thị mã nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:102
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr "các tùy chọn trang trí"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "Kết xuất cuối cùng: %d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:405 builtin/log.c:497
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc đối tượng %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:521
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "Không nhận ra kiểu: %d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:613
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers không có giá trị cụ thể"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:687
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "tên của thư mục kết xuất quá dài"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:698
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "Không thể mở tập tin miếng vá: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:712
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "Cần chính xác một vùng."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:720
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "Không phải là một vùng."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:794
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "”Cover letter” cần cho định dạng thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:867
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "in-reply-to điên rồ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:895
+msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+msgstr "git format-patch [các-tùy-chọn] [<kể-từ> | <vùng-xem-xét>]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:940
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "Hai thư mục kết xuất?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1068
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr "dùng [PATCH n/m] ngay cả với miếng vá đơn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1071
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr "dùng [VÁ] ngay cả với các miếng vá phức tạp"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1075
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr "hiển thị miếng vá ra đầu ra chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1077
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr "tạo bì thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1079
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr "sử dụng chỗi dãy số dạng đơn giản cho tên tập-tin xuất ra"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1080
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr "sfx"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1081
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr "sử dụng <sfx> thay cho “.patch”"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr "bắt đầu đánh số miếng vá từ <n> thay vì 1"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1085
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr "Dùng [<tiền-tố>] thay cho [VÁ]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1088
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr "lưu các tập tin kết quả trong <t.mục>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1091
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr "không strip/add [VÁ]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1094
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr "không kết xuất diff (những khác biệt) nhị phân"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1096
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr "không bao gồm miếng vá khớp với một lần chuyển giao thượng nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr "hiển thị định dạng miếng vá thay vì mặc định (miếng vá + thống kê)"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "Lời nhắn"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1101
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "đầu đề thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1102
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr "thêm đầu đề thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103 builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "email"
+msgstr "thư điện tử"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr "thêm To: đầu đề thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr "thêm Cc: đầu đề thư"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1107
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr "message-id"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr "dùng thư đầu tiên để trả lời <message-id>"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1109 builtin/log.c:1112
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr "ranh giới"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1110
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr "đính kèm miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1113
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "dùng miếng vá làm nội dung"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr "cho phép luồng lời nhắn, kiểu: “shallow”, “deep”"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1119
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr "chữ ký"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1120
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr "thêm chữ ký"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1122
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "không hiển thị các tên tập tin của miếng vá"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1163
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr "thông tin người chuyển giao không có thực %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1208
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n và  -k loại từ lẫn nhau."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1210
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix và -k xung khắc nhau."
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1218
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1220
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1222
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1245
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "đầu ra chuẩn, hay thư mục, chọn cái nào?"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1247
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể tạo thư mục “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1400
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tạo các tập tin kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1449
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr "git cherry [-v] [<thượng-nguồn> [<head> [<giới-hạn>]]]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1504
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy nhánh mạng bị theo vết, hãy chỉ định <thượng-nguồn> một cách "
+"thủ công.\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1517 builtin/log.c:1519 builtin/log.c:1531
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "Không hiểu lần chuyển giao (commit) %s"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-files [các-tùy-chọn] [<tập-tin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr "nhận dạng các trạng thái tập tin với thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr ""
+"dùng chữ cái viết thường cho các tập tin “assume unchanged” (giả định không "
+"thay đổi)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin được nhớ tạm vào đầu ra (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã xóa trong kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin đã bị sửa đổi ra kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin khác trong kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin bị bỏ qua trong kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị tên đối tượng của nội dung được lưu trạng thái ở kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin trên hệ thống tập tin mà nó cần được gỡ bỏ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên của các thư mục “khác”"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "không hiển thị thư mục rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tập tin chưa hòa trộn trong kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr "hiển thị thông tin resolve-undo"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "bỏ qua những tập tin khớp với một mẫu"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr "mẫu loại trừ được đọc từ <tập tin>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr "đọc thêm các mẫu ngoại trừ mỗi thư mục trong <tập tin>"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr "thêm loại trừ tiêu chuẩn kiểu git"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr "làm cho kết xuất liên quan đến thư mục ở mức cao nhất (gốc) của dự án"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr "nếu <tập tin> bất kỳ không ở trong bảng mục lục, xử lý nó như một lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr "tree-ish"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+"giả định rằng các đường dẫn đã bị gỡ bỏ kể từ <tree-ish> nay vẫn hiện diện"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr "hiển thị dữ liệu gỡ lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git ls-tree [<các-tùy-chọn>] <tree-ish> [<đường-dẫn>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các tree"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "đệ quy vào các thư mục con"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr "hiển thị cây khi đệ quy"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr "chấm dứt mục tin với byte NUL"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "gồm cả kích thước đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr "chỉ liệt kê tên tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr "dùng tên đường dẫn đầy đủ"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr "liệt kê cây mục tin; không chỉ thư mục hiện hành (ngụ ý --full-name)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:43
+msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git merge [các-tùy-chọn] [<commit>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:44
+msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge [các-tùy-chọn] <tin-nhắn> HEAD <commit>"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:45
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr "git merge --abort"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "switch `m' yêu cầu một giá trị"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy chiến lược hòa trộn “%s”.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "Các chiến lược sẵn sàng là:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "Các chiến lược tùy chỉnh sẵn sàng là:"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:183
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "không hiển thị thống kê khác biệt tại cuối của lần hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:186
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr "hiển thị thống kê khác biệt tại cuối của hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:187
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr "(đồng nghĩa với --stat)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:189
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr "thêm (ít nhất <n>) mục từ shortlog cho ghi chú chuyển giao hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:192
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "tạo một lần chuyển giao (commit) đưon thay vì thực hiện việc hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:194
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr "thực hiện chuyển giao nếu hòa trộn thành công (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:196
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "sửa chú thích trước khi chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:198
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "cho phép fast-forward (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr "bỏ qua nếu fast-forward không thể được"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:870 builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr "chiến lược"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "chiến lược hòa trộn sẽ dùng"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr "tùy_chọn=giá_trị"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr "tùy chọn cho chiến lược hòa trộn đã chọn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr ""
+"hòa trộn ghi chú của lần chuyển giao (dành cho hòa trộn non-fast-forward)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "bãi bỏ quá trình hòa trộn hiện tại đang thực hiện"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "không thể chạy stash."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "stash gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "không phải là một đối tượng hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "read-tree gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " (không có gì để squash)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Squash commit -- không cập nhật HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Đang ghi SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "Hoàn thành SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "Không thông điệp hòa trộn -- không cập nhật HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "“%s” không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) nào cả"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "Chuỗi branch.%s.mergeoptions sai: %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:628
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "lệnh git write-tree gặp lỗi khi ghi một cây"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:656
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "Không cầm nắm gì ngoài hai head hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "Không hiểu tùy chọn cho merge-recursive: -X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:684
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "không thể ghi %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:773
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc từ “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:782
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Vẫn chưa hòa trộn các lần chuyển giao (commit); sử dụng lệnh “git commit” để "
+"hoàn tất việc hòa trộn.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:788
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hãy nhập vào các thông tin để giải thích tại sao sự hòa trộn này là cần "
+"thiết,\n"
+"đặc biệt là khi nó hòa trộn thượng nguồn đã cập nhật vào trong một nhánh "
+"topic.\n"
+"\n"
+"Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#” sẽ được bỏ qua, và phần chú thích này nếu "
+"rỗng\n"
+"sẽ làm hủy bỏ lần chuyển giao (commit).\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:812
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "Chú thích của lần commit (chuyển giao) bị trống rỗng."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:824
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "Thần kỳ.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:889
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Việc tự động hòa trộn gặp lỗi; hãy sửa các xung đột sau đó chuyển giao "
+"(commit) kết quả.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:905
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "%s không phải là một lần commit (chuyển giao)"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:946
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "không phải nhánh hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:948
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "Không có máy chủ cho nhánh hiện hành."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:950
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "Không có thượng nguồn mặc định được định nghĩa cho nhánh hiện hành."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:955
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "Không nhánh mạng theo vết cho %s từ %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1042 builtin/merge.c:1199
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - không phải là một số thứ chúng tôi có thể hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1110
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr ""
+"Ở đây không có lần hòa trộn nào được hủy bỏ giữa chừng cả (thiếu MERGE_HEAD)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1126 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
+"Hãy chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1129 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc hòa trộng (MERGE_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1133
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại).\n"
+"Hãy chuyển giao (commit) các thay đổi trước khi bạn có thể hòa trộn."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1136
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "Bạn chưa kết thúc việc cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD vẫn tồn tại)."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1145
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --squash với --no-ff."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1150
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr "Bạn không thể kết hợp --no-ff với --ff-only."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1157
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr ""
+"Không chỉ ra lần chuyển giao (commit) và merge.defaultToUpstream chưa được "
+"đặt."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1189
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể hòa trộn một cách đúng đắn một lần chuyển giao (commit) vào một "
+"head rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1192
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "Squash commit vào một head trống rỗng vẫn chưa được hỗ trợ"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1194
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr ""
+"Chuyển giao (commit) không-fast-forward không hợp lý ở trong một head trống "
+"rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1309
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "Đang cập nhật %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "Đang thử hòa trộn kiểu “trivial in-index”...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1355
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "Không.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1387
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "Thực hiện lệnh fast-forward là không thể được, đang bỏ qua."
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1410 builtin/merge.c:1489
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "Đang tua lại cây thành thời xa xưa...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "Đang thử chiến lược hòa trộn %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1480
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "Không có chiến lược hòa trộn nào được nắm giữ (handle) sự hòa trộn.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1482
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "Hòa trộn với chiến lược %s gặp lỗi.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1491
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "Sử dụng %s để chuẩn bị giải quyết bằng tay.\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1503
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Hòa trộn tự động đã trở nên tốt; bị dừng trước khi việc chuyển giao được yêu "
+"cầu\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:26
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:27
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <lần commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:28
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr "git merge-base --independent <lần commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:98
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "xuất ra tất cả các ông bà, tổ tiên chung"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:99
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr "tìm tổ tiên của hòa trộn n-way đơn"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:100
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr "liệt kê các “rev” mà nó không thể đọc được từ cái khác"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:102
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr "là cha mẹ đầu tiên của cái khác?"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
+"file2"
+msgstr ""
+"git merge-file [các-tùy-chọn] [-L tên1 [-L gốc [-L tên2]]] tập-tin1 tập-tin-"
+"gốc tập-tin2"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr "gửi kết quả vào đầu ra tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr "dùng kiểu  hòa dựa trên diff3"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr "để tránh xung đột, sử dụng phiên bản của chúng ta"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr "để tránh xung đột, sử dụng phiên bản của họ"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr "để tránh xung đột, sử dụng phiên bản kết hợp"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr "để tránh xung đột, hãy sử dụng kích thước bộ tạo này"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr "không cảnh báo về các xung đột xảy ra"
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgstr "đặt nhãn cho tập-tin-1/tập-tin-gốc/tập-tin-2"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:67
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr "đầu vào được chấm dứt bởi NUL"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "cho phép thiếu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr "cho phép tạo nhiều hơn một cây"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:14
+msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr "git mv [các-tùy-chọn] <nguồn>... <đích>"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:64
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr "ép buộc di chuyển hay đổi tên thậm chí cả khi đích đã tồn tại"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:65
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "bỏ qua các lỗi liên quan đến di chuyển, đổi tên"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "Đang kiểm tra việc đổi tên của “%s” thành “%s”\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "nguồn sai"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "không thể di chuyển một thư mục vào trong chính nó được"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "không di chuyển được thư mục thông qua tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr "Hả? %.*s trong bảng mục lục à?"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "thư mục nguồn là trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "không nằm dưới sự quản lý mã nguồn"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "đích đã tồn tại sẵn rồi"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "đang ghi đè lên “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi đè"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "Nhiều nguồn cho cùng một đích"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s, nguồn=%s, đích=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "Đổi tên %s thành %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "đổi tên %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:175
+msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-chọn] <commit>..."
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:176
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-chọn] --all"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:177
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+msgstr "git name-rev [các-tùy-chọn] --stdin"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:229
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị tên (không SHA-1)"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:230
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr "chỉ dùng các thẻ để đặt tên cho các lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:232
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "chỉ sử dụng các tham chiếu (refs) khớp với <mẫu>"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:234
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr ""
+"liệt kê tất cả các lần chuyển giao có thể đọc được từ tất cả các tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:235
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr "đọc từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:236
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
+msgstr "cho phép hiển thị các tên `chưa định nghĩa`"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<đối-tượng>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <lời-nhắn> | -F <tập-tin> | (-c | "
+"-C) <đối-tượng>] [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <lời-nhắn> | -F <tập-tin> | (-c | -"
+"C) <đối-tượng>] [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <chiến-lược> ] <notes_ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:35
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<đối-tượng>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:36
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:37
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:42
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr "git notes [list [<đối tượng>]]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:47
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes add [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:52
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr "git notes copy [<các-tùy-chọn>] <từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:53
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr "git notes copy --stdin [<từ-đối-tượng> <đến-đối-tượng>]..."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:58
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes append [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<đối-tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:63
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes edit [<đối tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:68
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes show [<đối tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:73
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "git notes merge [<các-tùy-chọn>] <notes_ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:74
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --commit [<các-tùy-chọn>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:75
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes merge --abort [<các-tùy-chọn>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:80
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr "git notes remove [<đối tượng>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:85
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr "git notes prune [<các-tùy-chọn>]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:90
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr "git notes get-ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:142
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể khởi chạy “show” cho đối tượng “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:148
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr "không thể fdopen “show” (lệnh hiển thị) mô tả tập tin (fd) kết xuất"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi đóng đường ống cho lệnh “show” cho đối tượng “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:161
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi hoàn thành “show” cho đối tượng “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:178 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể tạo tập tin “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:192
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr ""
+"Xin hãy áp dụng nội dung của ghi chú sử dụng hoặc là tùy chọn -m hoặc là -F"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:213 builtin/notes.c:976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang gỡ bỏ ghi chú (note) cho đối tượng %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:218
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "không thể ghi đối tượng ghi chú (note)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:220
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:254 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể đọc “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:256 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể mở để đọc hay ghi “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275 builtin/notes.c:448 builtin/notes.c:450
+#: builtin/notes.c:510 builtin/notes.c:564 builtin/notes.c:647
+#: builtin/notes.c:652 builtin/notes.c:727 builtin/notes.c:769
+#: builtin/notes.c:971 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi giải quyết “%s” như là một tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đọc đối tượng “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:302
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể chuyển giao (commit) chưa được khởi tạo hoặc không được tham chiếu "
+"cây ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:343
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Giá trị notes.rewriteMode sai: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "Từ chối ghi đè ghi chú trong %s (nằm ngoài của refs/notes/)"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:380
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "Giá trị %s sai: “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:444
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "Dòng nhập vào dị hình: “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:459
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi sao chép ghi chú (note) từ “%s” tới “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:503 builtin/notes.c:557 builtin/notes.c:630
+#: builtin/notes.c:642 builtin/notes.c:715 builtin/notes.c:762
+#: builtin/notes.c:1036
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "quá nhiều đối số"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:516 builtin/notes.c:775
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "không tìm thấy ghi chú cho đối tượng %s."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một chuỗi"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "nội dung ghi chú (note) nằm trong một tập tin"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:700
+#: builtin/notes.c:703 builtin/tag.c:476
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "dùng lại nhưng có sửa chữa đối tượng note đã chỉ ra"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:547 builtin/notes.c:704
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "dùng lại đối tượng ghi chú (note) đã chỉ ra"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:549 builtin/notes.c:617
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "thay thế ghi chú trước"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:583
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể thêm các ghi chú. Đã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối tượng "
+"%s. Sử dụng tùy chọn “-f” để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:588 builtin/notes.c:665
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang ghi đè lên ghi chú cũ cho đối tượng %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:618
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "đọc các đối tượng từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:620
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr "tải cấu hình chép lại cho <lệnh> (ngầm định là --stdin)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:638
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "quá ít đối số"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:659
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể sao chép các ghi chú. Đã tìm thấy các ghi chú đã có sẵn cho đối "
+"tượng %s. Sử dụng tùy chọn “-f” để ghi đè lên các ghi chú cũ"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "Thiếu ghi chú trên đối tượng nguốn %s. Không thể sao chép."
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:720
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Các tùy chọn -m/-F/-c/-C đã cổ không còn dùng nữa cho lệnh con “edit”.\n"
+"Xin hãy sử dụng lệnh sau để thay thế: “git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C”.\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:867
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn chung"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:869
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn về hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:871
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+"phân giải các xung đột “notes” sử dụng chiến lược đã đưa ra (manual/ours/"
+"theirs/union/cat_sort_uniq)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:873
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr "Chuyển giao các note chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:875
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+"các note cuối cùng được hòa trộn bởi các note chưa hòa trộn của lần chuyển "
+"giao"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:877
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr "Hủy bỏ phân giải ghi chú (note) hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:879
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "bỏ qua hòa trộn các ghi chú (note)"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:974
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "Đối tượng %s không có ghi chú (note)\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr "cố gắng gỡ bỏ một note chưa từng tồn tại không phải là một lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:989
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "đọc tên đối tượng từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1070
+msgid "notes_ref"
+msgstr "notes_ref"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1071
+msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+msgstr "dùng “notes” từ <notes_ref>"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1106 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "Không hiểu câu lệnh con: %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
+msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects --stdout [các-tùy-chọn...] [< danh-sách-ref | < danh-sách-"
+"đối-tượng]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
+msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+"git pack-objects [các-tùy-chọn...] base-name [< danh-sách-ref | < danh-sách-"
+"đối-tượng]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "lỗi giải nén (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2397
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "phiên bản mục lục không được hỗ trợ %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2401
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "phiên bản mục lục sai “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2424
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "tùy chọn %s không chấp nhận dạng thức âm"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2428
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr "không thể phân tích giá trị “%s” cho tùy chọn %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2447
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr "không hiển thị bộ đo tiến trình"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2449
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr "hiển thị bộ đo tiến trình"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2451
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr "hiển thị bộ đo tiến triển trong suốt pha ghi đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2454
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr "tương tự --all-progress khi bộ đo tiến trình được xuất hiện"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr "phiên bản[,offset]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr "ghi tập tin bảng mục lục gói (pack) ở phiên bản định dạng idx đã cho"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2459
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "kcíh thước tối đa cho tập tin gói được tạo"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2461
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr "bỏ qua các đối tượng vay mượn từ kho đối tượng thay thế"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2463
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "bỏ qua các đối tượng đóng gói"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2465
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr "giới hạn cửa sổ đóng gói theo đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2467
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr "giới hạn cửa sổ đóng gói theo bộ nhớ cộng thêm với giới hạn đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2469
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr "độ dài tối đa của chuỗi móc xích “delta” được phép trong gói kết quả"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2471
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "dùng lại các delta sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2473
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "dùng lại các đối tượng sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2475
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr "dùng các đối tượng OFS_DELTA"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2477
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr "sử dụng các tuyến trình khi tìm kiếm cho các mẫu khớp delta tốt nhất"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2479
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr "không thể tạo kết xuất gói (pack) trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2481
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr " đọc tham số “revision” từ thiết bị nhập chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2483
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr "giới hạn các đối tượng thành những cái mà chúng vẫn chưa được đóng gói"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2486
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng có thể đọc được từ bất kỳ tham chiếu nào"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2489
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng được tham chiếu bởi các mục reflog"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2492
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr "xuất gói ra đầu ra tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2494
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr "bao gồm các đối tượng tham chiếu đến các đối tượng được đóng gói"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2496
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr "giữ lại các đối tượng không thể đọc được"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497 parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "thời-gian"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+"xả nén (gỡ khỏi gói) các đối tượng không thể đọc được mới hơn <thời-gian>"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2501
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr "tạo gói nhẹ"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2503
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr "bỏ qua các gói mà nó có tập tin .keep đi kèm"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2505
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr "mức nén gói"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2507
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "không ẩn các lần chuyển giao bởi “grafts”"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+msgstr "git pack-refs [các-tùy-chọn]"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr "đóng gói mọi thứ"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr "prune (cắt cụt) những tham chiếu (refs) bị mất (mặc định)"
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+msgstr "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:12
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <thời-gian>] [--] [<head>...]"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:132
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "không gỡ bỏ, chỉ hiển thị"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:133
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "báo cáo các đối tượng đã prune"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:136
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr "các đối tượng hết hạn cũ hơn khoảng <thời gian>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:14
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git push [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<kho-chứa> [<refspec>...]]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "dùng tốc ký tag không có <thẻ>"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete chỉ chấp nhận các tên tham chiếu (ref) dạng thường"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"Để chọn mỗi tùy chọn một cách cố định, xem push.default trong “git help "
+"config”."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh thượng nguồn (upstream) của nhánh hiện tại của bạn không khớp\n"
+"với tên của nhánh hiện tại của bạn.  Để push đến nhánh thượng nguồn\n"
+"trên máy chủ, sử dụng\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"Để push tới nhánh cùng tên trên máy chủ, sử dụng\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn hiện nay không ở một nhánh.\n"
+"Để push lịch sử hướng tới trạng thái hiện hành (HEAD đã bị tách rời)\n"
+"ngay bây giờ, sử dụng\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<tên-của-nhánh-máy-chủ>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Nhánh hiện tại %s không có nhánh thượng nguồn (upstream) nào.\n"
+"Để push (đẩy lên) nhánh hiện tại và đặt máy chủ như là thượng nguồn "
+"(upstream), sử dụng\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại %s có đa nhánh thượng nguồn (upstream), từ chối push."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đang push (đẩy lên) máy chủ “%s”, mà nó không phải là thượng nguồn "
+"(upstream) của\n"
+"nhánh hiện tại “%s” của bạn, mà không báo cho tôi biết là cái gì được push\n"
+"để cập nhật nhánh máy chủ nào."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:151
+msgid ""
+"push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+"and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+"information.\n"
+"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+msgstr ""
+"biến push.default chưa được đặt; giá trị ngầm định của nó\n"
+"đã được thay đổi trong Git 2.0 từ “matching” thành “simple”.\n"
+"Để không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và duy trì cách xử lý sau\n"
+"những thay đổi mặc định này, hãy chạy lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"Để không hiển thị nhắc nhở này và áp dụng cách xử lý mới, hãy chạy lệnh:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"Xem “git help config” và tìm đến “push.default” để có thêm thông tin.\n"
+"(chế độ “simple” được bắt đầu sử dụng từ Git 1.7.11. Sử dụng chế độ tương "
+"tự\n"
+"“current” thay vì “simple” nếu bạn thỉnh thoảng phải sử dụng bản Git cũ)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:199
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đã không chỉ ra một refspecs nào để push, và push.default là \"không là "
+"gì cả\"."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:206
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì đầu mút của nhánh được push nằm đằng sau bộ\n"
+"phận tương ứng của máy chủ. Hòa trộn với các thay đổi từ máy chủ (v.d. “git "
+"pull”)\n"
+"trước khi lại push lần nữa.\n"
+"Xem trong phần “Note about fast-forwards” từ lệnh “git push --help” để có "
+"thông tin chi tiết."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:212
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+"Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì đầu mút của nhánh được push nằm đằng sau bộ\n"
+"phận tương ứng của máy chủ. Nếu bạn không có ý định push nhánh đó, bạn có lẽ "
+"muốn\n"
+"chỉ định các nhánh để push hoặt là đặt nội dung cho biến cấu hình “push."
+"default”\n"
+"thành “simple”, “current” hoặc “upstream” để chỉ push nhánh hiện hành mà "
+"thôi."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:218
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"Việc cập nhật bị từ chối bởi vì đầu mút của nhánh được push nằm đằng sau bộ\n"
+"phận tương ứng của máy chủ. Checkou nhánh này và hòa trộn với các thay đổi "
+"từ máy chủ\n"
+"(v.d. “git pull”) trước khi lại push lần nữa.\n"
+"Xem trong phần “Note about fast-forwards” từ lệnh “git push --help” để có "
+"thông tin chi tiết."
+
+#: builtin/push.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "Đang push (đẩy) lên %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "gặp lỗi khi push (đẩy lên) một số tham chiếu (ref) đến “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "repository (kho) sai “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:295
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"Chưa cấu hình đích để push (đẩy lên).\n"
+"Hoặc là chỉ ra URL từ dòng lệnh hoặc là cấu hình một kho máy chủ sử dụng\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <tên> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"và sau đó push sử dụng tên máy chủ\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <tên>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:310
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all và --tags xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:311
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all không thể được tổ hợp cùng với refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:316
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror và --tags xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:317
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror không thể được tổ hợp cùng với refspecs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:322
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all và --mirror xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:382
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "kho"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:383
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr "push tất cả refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:384
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr "mirror tất cả refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:386
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "xóa refs"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr ""
+"các thẻ push (không thể sử dụng cùng với các tùy chọn --all hay --mirror)"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:390
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "ép buộc cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "check"
+msgstr "kiểm tra"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr "điều khiển việc đẩy lên (push) đệ qui của mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:394
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr "tạo gói nhẹ"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr "nhận về chương trình pack"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr "đặt thượng nguồn (upstream) cho git pull/status"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:400
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr "prune (cắt cụt) những tham chiếu (refs) bị gỡ bỏ"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:410
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete là xung khắc với các tùy chọn --all, --mirror và --tags"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:412
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete không hợp lý nếu không có bất kỳ tham chiếu (refs) nào"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:36
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<tiền-"
+"tố>] [-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] "
+"[--index-output=<tập-tin>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-"
+"ish3>]])"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:108
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "ghi mục lục kết quả vào <tập-tin>"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:111
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "chỉ với bảng mục lục trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "Hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr "thực hiện một hòa trộn thêm vào việc đọc"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr ""
+"hòa trộn kiểu “3-way” nếu không có tập tin mức hòa trộn nào được yêu cầu "
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr "hòa trộn 3-way trong sự hiện diện của “adds” và “removes”"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr "giống với -m, nhưng bỏ qua các mục chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:122
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "<thư-mục-con>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "đọc cây vào trong bảng mục lục dưới <thư_mục_con>/"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr "cập nhật cây làm việc với kết quả hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "gitignore"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr "cho phép các tập tin rõ ràng bị lờ đi được ghi đè"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "không kiểm tra cây làm việc sau hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr "không cập nhật bảng mục lục hay cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr "bỏ qua áp dụng bộ lọc lấy ra (checkout) thưa thớt"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr "gỡ lỗi unpack-trees"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:11
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote add [-t <nhánh>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <tên> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr "git remote rename <tên-cũ> <tên-mới>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr "git remote remove <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15 builtin/remote.c:42
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
+msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | -d | <nhánh>)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<nhóm> | <máy-chủ>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches [--add] <tên> <nhánh>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr "git remote set-url [--push] <tên> <url-mới> [<url-cũ>]"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --add <tên> <url-mới>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote set-url --delete <tên> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:27
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr "git remote add [<các-tùy-chọn>] <tên> <url>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:47
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches <tên> <nhánh>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:48
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr "git remote set-branches --add <tên> <nhánh>..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:53
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote show [<các-tùy-chọn>] <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:58
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr "git remote prune [<các-tùy-chọn>] <tên>"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:63
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr "git remote update [<các-tùy-chọn>] [<nhóm> | <máy-chủ>]..."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "Đang cập nhật %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror nguy hiểm và không dùng nữa; xin hãy\n"
+"\t sử dụng tùy chọn --mirror=fetch hoặc --mirror=push để thay thế"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "không hiểu tham số máy bản sao (mirror): %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "lấy về (fetch) các nhánh từ máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr ""
+"nhập vào tất cả các đối tượng thẻ và thành phần liên quan khi lấy về (fetch)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr "hoặc không lấy về (fetch) bất kỳ thẻ nào (--no-tags)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr "các nhánh theo vết"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "nhánh master"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:172
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr "push|fetch"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:173
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr "đặt máy chủ (remote) như là một máy bản sao để push hay fetch từ đó"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "đang chỉ định một nhánh master không hợp lý với tùy chọn --mirror"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "chỉ định những nhánh để theo vết chỉ hợp lý với các “fetch mirror”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "máy chủ %s đã tồn tại rồi."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "“%s” không phải tên máy chủ hợp lệ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể cài đặt nhánh master “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "nhiều hơn một %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy ánh xạ (map) fetch cho refspec %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "(mẫu)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "(xoá)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể nối thêm “%s” vào “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "Không có máy chủ nào như thế: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể đổi tên chương (section) cấu hình từ “%s” thành “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ bỏ chương (section) cấu hình “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"Không cập nhật “non-default fetch respec”\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tXin hãy cập nhật phần cấu hình một cách thủ công nếu thấy cần thiết."
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể nối thêm “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "Không thể đặt “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "việc xoá %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "tạo %s gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ bỏ nhánh %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"Chú ý: Một nhánh nằm ngoài hệ thống refs/remotes/ đã không được gỡ bỏ đi;\n"
+"để xóa đi, sử dụng:"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"Chú ý: Một số nhánh nằm ngoài hệ thống refs/remotes/ đã không được gỡ bỏ "
+"đi;\n"
+"để xóa đi, sử dụng:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " mới (lần lấy về tiếp theo sẽ lưu trong remotes/%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " được theo vết"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " cũ (dùng “git remote prune” để gỡ bỏ)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "branch.%s.merge không hợp lệ; không thể rebase về phía > 1 nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "thực hiện rebase trên máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " hòa trộn với máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    và với máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "hòa trộn với máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr "   và với máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "tạo"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "xoá"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "đã cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "có-thể-fast-forward"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "dữ liệu nội bộ đã cũ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s ép buộc thành %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s push tới %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s ép buộc thành %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s push tới %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1091
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "không truy vấn các máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* máy chủ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL để lấy về (fetch): %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(không có URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  URL để đẩy lên (push): %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  Nhánh HEAD: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  nhánh HEAD (HEAD máy chủ chưa rõ ràng, có lẽ là một trong số sau):\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  Nhánh trên máy chủ:%s"
+msgstr[1] "  Những nhánh trên máy chủ:%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr " (trạng thái không được yêu cầu)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  Nhánh nội bộ đã được cấu hình cho lệnh “git pull”:"
+msgstr[1] "  Những nhánh nội bộ đã được cấu hình cho lệnh “git pull”:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  refs nội bộ sẽ được phản chiếu bởi lệnh “git push”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  Tham chiếu nội bộ được cấu hình cho lệnh “git push”%s:"
+msgstr[1] "  Những tham chiếu nội bộ được cấu hình cho lệnh “git push”%s:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1199
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr "đặt refs/remotes/<tên>/HEAD cho phù hợp với máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1201
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr "xóa refs/remotes/<tên>/HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể xác định được HEAD máy chủ"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr "Nhiều nhánh HEAD máy chủ. Hãy chọn rõ ràng một:"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "Không thể xóa bỏ %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "Không phải là tham chiếu (ref) hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "Không thể cài đặt %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s sẽ trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý)!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s đã trở thành không đầu (không được quản lý)!"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "Đang xén bớt %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [nên xén bớt] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " *[đã xén bớ] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1321
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr "cắt máy chủ sau khi lấy về"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "Không có máy chủ nào có tên “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1407
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "thêm nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "chưa chỉ ra máy chủ nào"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1436
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr "đẩy các “URL” bằng tay"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1438
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr "thêm URL"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1440
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "xóa URLs"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete không hợp lý"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "Kiểu mẫu URL cũ không hợp lệ: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy URL như vậy: %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "Sẽ không xóa những địa chỉ URL không-push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr "chi tiết; phải được đặt trước một lệnh-con"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:17
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr "git replace [-f] <đối-tượng> <thay-thế>"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:18
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr "git replace -d <đối tượng>..."
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git replace -l [<mẫu>]"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:121
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr "liệt kê các refs thay thế"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:122
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr "xóa tham chiếu (refs) thay thế"
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:123
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr "thay thế tham chiếu (ref) nếu nó đã sẵn có"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:11
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:56
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "sổ ghi dọn sạch các phân giải trong bản mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <các-đường-dẫn>..."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<các-đường-dẫn>...]"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "pha trộn"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "mềm"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "cứng"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "giữ lại"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "Bạn không có HEAD nào hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của HEAD."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi tìm cây của %s."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "Không thể ghi tập tin lưu bảng mục lục mới."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD hiện giờ tại %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "Những thay đổi bị bỏ trạng thái (stage) sau khi reset:"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện một %s reset ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:238
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr "làm việc ở chế độ im lặng, chỉ hiển thị khi có lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:240
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr "đặt lại (reset) HEAD và bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:241
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr "chỉ đặt lại (reset) HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr "đặt lại HEAD, bảng mục lục và cây làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:247
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr "đặt lại HEAD nhưng giữ lại các thay đổi nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "không thể phân tích đối tượng “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:308
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch xung khắc với --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:317
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"--mixed với các đường dẫn không còn dùng nữa; hãy thay thế bằng lệnh “git "
+"reset -- <đường_dẫn>”."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh %s reset với các đường dẫn."
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "%s reset không được phép trên kho bare (trên máy chủ)"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "Không thể đặt lại (reset) bảng mục lục thành điểm xét lại “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git rev-parse --parseopt [các-tùy-chọn] -- [<th.số>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr "giữ `--` chuyển qua làm tham số"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr "dừng phân tích sau đối số đầu tiên không có tùy chọn"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [các-tùy-chọn] -- [<đ.số>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<đ.số>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [các-tùy-chọn] [<đ.số>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Chạy lệnh \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" để có thêm thông tin về cách dùng."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git revert [các-tùy-chọn] <commit-ish>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git revert <lệnh-con>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick [các-tùy-chọn] <commit-ish>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "git cherry-pick <lệnh-con>"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s: %s không thể được sử dụng với %s"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "kết thúc cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "phục hồi lại cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr "không cherry-pick hay revert liên tiếp nhau"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "không commit một cách tự động."
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "sửa lại chú thích cho commit"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "parent number"
+msgstr "số của cha mẹ"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "chiến lược hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "tùy chọn"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:114
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "tùy chọn cho chiến lược hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:125
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr "nối thêm tên lần chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "cho phép fast-forward"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:127
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "cấm khởi tạo lần chuyển giao trống rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:128
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "chấp nhận chuyển giao (commit) mà không ghi chú gì"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:129
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "giữ lại các lần chuyển giao dư thừa, rỗng"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:133
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "lỗi chương trình"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:223
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "revert gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:238
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "cherry-pick gặp lỗi"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:15
+msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git rm [các-tùy-chọn] [--] <tập-tin>..."
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:64 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"submodule '%s' (or one of its nested submodules) uses a .git directory\n"
+"(use 'rm -rf' if you really want to remove it including all of its history)"
+msgstr ""
+"mô-đun-con '%s' (hoặc cái nằm trong các mô-đun-con) dùng thư mục .git\n"
+"(dùng 'rm -rf' nếu bạn thực sự muốn gỡ bỏ nó cùng với tất cả lịch sử của "
+"chúng)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:174
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"“%s” có nội dung được lưu trạng thái khác biệt từ cả tập tin và cả HEAD\n"
+"(dùng tùy chọn -f để ép buộc gỡ bỏ)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:180
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"“%s” có các thay đổi được lưu trạng thái trong bảng mục lục\n"
+"(dùng tùy chọn --cached để giữ tập tin, hoặc -f để ép buộc gỡ bỏ)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:191
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"“%s” có các thay đổi nội bộ\n"
+"(dùng tùy chọn --cached để giữ tập tin, hoặc -f để ép buộc gỡ bỏ)"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:207
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "không liệt kê các tập tin đã gỡ bỏ"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:208
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "chỉ gỡ bỏ từ mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:209
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr "ghi đè lên kiểm tra cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:210
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr "cho phép gỡ bỏ đệ qui"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:212
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr "thoát ra với trạng thái khác không thậm chí nếu không có gì khớp"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:283
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "không thể gỡ bỏ “%s” một cách đệ qui mà không có tùy chọn -r"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:322
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm: không thể gỡ bỏ %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgstr "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "Thiếu tên tác giả: %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr "sắp xếp kết xuất tuân theo số lượng chuyển giao trên mỗi tác giả"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr "Chặn mọi mô tả lần chuyển giao, chỉ đưa ra số lượng lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr "Hiển thị thư điện tử cho từng tác giả"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr "Ngắt dòng khi quá dài"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<khi>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<nền>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking và nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "hiển thị các nhánh remote-tracking"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr "màu “*!+-” tương ứng với nhánh"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr "hiển thị thêm <n> lần chuyển giao sau cha mẹ chung"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr "đồng nghĩa với more=-1"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr "chặn các chuỗi đặt tên"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "bao gồm nhánh hiện hành"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "đặt tên các lần chuyển giao bằng các tên của đối tượng của chúng"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr "hiển thị mọi cơ sở có thể dùng để hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr "hiển thị các tham chiếu không thể được đọc bởi bất kỳ tham chiếu khác"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr "hiển thị các lần chuyển giao theo thứ tự tôpô"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các lần chuyển giao không nằm trên nhánh đầu tiên"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr "hiển thị các lần hòa trộn có thể đọc được chỉ từ một đầu mút"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+msgstr "hiển thị các lần chuyển giao nơi mà cha mẹ đến trước con của nó"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr "<n>[,<cơ sở>]"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr "hiển thị <n> các mục “ref-log” gần nhất kể từ nền (base)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+msgstr ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [mẫu*] "
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgstr "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=mẫu] < ref-list"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:165
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị thẻ (có thể tổ hợp cùng với đầu)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:166
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị đầu (có thể tổ hợp cùng với thẻ)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:167
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr ""
+"việc kiểm tra tham chiếu chính xác, đòi hỏi chính xác đường dẫn tham chiếu "
+"(ref)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:170 builtin/show-ref.c:172
+msgid "show the HEAD reference"
+msgstr "hiển thị tham chiếu của HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:174
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "bãi bỏ tham chiếu các thẻ thành ra các ID đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:176
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị mã băm SHA1 sử dụng <n> chữ số"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:180
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr ""
+"không hiển thị kết quả ra đầu ra chuẩn (stdout) (chỉ hữu dụng với --verify)"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr ""
+"hiển thị các tham chiếu (refs) từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn (stdin) cái mà không ở "
+"kho nội bộ"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref  [các-tùy-chọn] tên [t.chiếu]"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:8
+msgid "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] name"
+msgstr "git symbolic-ref -d [-q] tên"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr ""
+"chặn các thông tin lỗi cho các tham chiếu (refs) “non-symbolic” (bị tách ra)"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:41
+msgid "delete symbolic ref"
+msgstr "xóa tham chiếu (ref) tượng trưng"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:42
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr "làm ngắn kết xuất ref (tham chiếu)"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr "lý do"
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:43 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr "lý do cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:22
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <tập-tin>] <tên-thẻ> [<head>]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -d <tên-thẻ>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
+"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <đối-tượng>] \n"
+"\t\t[<mẫu>...]"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgstr "git tag -v <tên-thẻ>..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "đối tượng dị hình tại “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr "tên thẻ quá dài: %.*s..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "không tìm thấy tìm thấy thẻ “%s”."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Thẻ đã bị xóa “%s” (trước là %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr "không thể thẩm tra thẻ “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
+"# Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#” sẽ được bỏ qua.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Viết các ghi chú cho (thẻ) tag\n"
+"# Những dòng được bắt đầu bằng “#” sẽ được bỏ qua; bạn có thể xóa chúng đi "
+"nếu muốn.\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "không thể ký thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "không thể ghi vào tập tin lưu thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "kiểu đối tượng sai."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr "đầu thẻ (tag) quá lớn."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "không có thông điệp (message) cho thẻ (tag)?"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "Nội dung ghi chú còn lại %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr "chuyển đến “points-at” yêu cần một đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "tên đối tượng dị hình “%s”"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr "chỉ liệt kê tên các thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr "hiển thị <n> dòng cho mỗi ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:451
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "xóa thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr "thẩm tra thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn tạo tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "để chú giải cho thẻ, cần một lời ghi chú"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "tin nhắn cho thẻ (tag)"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr "thẻ chú giải và ký kiểu GPG"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "dùng kháo khác để ký thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:465
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr "thay thế nếu tag đó đã có trước"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr "hiển thị danh sách thẻ trong các cột"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:468
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr "Các tùy chọn liệt kê thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:471
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị những nhánh mà nó chứa lần chuyển giao"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị các thẻ của đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column và -n xung khắc nhau"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "tùy chọn -n chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "tùy chọn --contains chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "tùy chọn --points-at chỉ cho phép dùng với -l."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "chỉ có một tùy chọn -F hoặc -m là được phép."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "quá nhiều đối số"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "“%s” không phải thẻ hợp lệ."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "Thẻ “%s” đã tồn tại rồi"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr "%s: không thể khóa ref (tham chiếu)"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr "%s: không thể cập nhật ref (tham chiếu)"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "Đã cập nhật thẻ “%s” (trước là %s)\n"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:401
+msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git update-index [các-tùy-chọn] [<tập-tin>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:718
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr "tiếp tục làm mới ngay cả khi bảng mục lục cần được cập nhật"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:721
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr "refresh: lờ đi mô-đun-con"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:724
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "không bỏ qua các tập tin mới tạo"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:726
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr "để các tập tin thay thế các thư mục và “vice-versa”"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:728
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "thông báo các tập-tin thiếu trong thư-mục làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:730
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+"làm tươi mới thậm chí khi bảng mục lục chứa các mục tin chưa được hòa trộn"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:733
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr "lấy lại thông tin thống kê"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:737
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr "giống --refresh, nhưng bỏ qua các cài đặt “assume-unchanged”"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
+msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
+msgstr "<mode> <đối tượng> <đường dẫn>"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:742
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "thêm các tập tin đã chỉ ra vào bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr "(+/-)x"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:747
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr "ghi đè lên bít thi hành của các tập tin được liệt kê"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:751
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr "Đánh dấu các tập tin là \"không thay đổi\""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:754
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr "xóa bít  assumed-unchanged"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:757
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr "đánh dấu các tập tin là “chỉ-đọc”"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:760
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr "xóa bít skip-worktree"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:763
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+"chỉ thêm vào bảng mục lục; không thêm nội dung vào cơ sở dữ liệu đối tượng"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:765
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr ""
+"gỡ bỏ các đường dẫn được đặt tên thậm chí cả khi nó hiện diện trong thư mục "
+"làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:767
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr "với tùy chọn --stdin: các dòng đầu vào được chấm dứt bởi ký tự null"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:769
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "đọc danh sách đường dẫn cần cập nhật từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:773
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "không thể đọc các mục từ đầu vào tiêu chuẩn vào bảng mục lục"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:777
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr "phục hồi các trạng thái #2 và #3 cho các đường dẫn được liệt kê"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:781
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr "chỉ cập nhật các mục tin mà nó khác biệt so với HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:785
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr "bỏ qua các tập-tin thiếu trong thư-mục làm việc"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:788
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr "báo cáo các thao tác ra thiết bị xuất chuẩn"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:790
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr "(cho “porcelains”) quên các xung đột chưa được giải quyết đã ghi"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:794
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr "ghi mục lục ở định dạng này"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:7
+msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [các-tùy-chọn] -d <refname> [<biến-cũ>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:8
+msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr "git update-ref [các-tùy-chọn]    <refname> <biến-mới> [<biến-cũ>]"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:19
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr "xóa tham chiếu"
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:21
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr "cập nhật <tên-tham-chiếu> không phải cái nó chỉ tới"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr "git update-server-info [--force]"
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr "cập nhật các tập tin thông tin từ điểm xuất phát"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <gói>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "chi tiết"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr "chỉ hiển thị thống kê"
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+msgstr "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <thẻ>..."
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr "hiển thị nội dung của thẻ"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<tiền-tố>/]"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr "<iền tố>/"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr "ghi đối tượng cây (tree) cho <tiền tố> thư mục con"
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr "chỉ hữu ích khi cần gỡ lỗi"
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr ""
+"Chạy lệnh “git help <tên-lệnh>” để có thêm thông tin về lệnh được chỉ ra."
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "no-op (tương thích ngược)"
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "chi tiết hơn nữa"
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "im lặng hơn nữa"
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "sử dụng <n> chữ số để hiển thị SHA-1s"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "Thêm nội dung tập tin vào bảng mục lục"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "Tìm kiếm bằng điều tra nhị phân các thay đổi mà nó bắt đầu lỗi"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "Liệt kê, tạo hay là xóa các nhánh"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr "Lấy ra (checkout) một nhánh hay các đường dẫn tới cây làm việc"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "Nhân bản một kho chứa đến một thư mục mới"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "Ghi các thay đổi vào kho chứa"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr ""
+"Hiển thị các thay đổi giữa những lần chuyển giao (commit), commit và cây làm "
+"việc, v.v.."
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "Các đối tượng và tham chiếu được tải về từ kho chứa khác"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "In ra những dòng khớp với một mẫu"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr ""
+"Tạo một kho git trống rỗng hay khởi tạo lại một kho đã tồn tại từ trước"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "Hiển thị nhật ký các lần chuyển giao (commit)"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr ""
+"Hợp nhất hai hay nhiều hơn lịch sử của các nhà phát triển phần mềm lại với "
+"nhau"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "Di chuyển, đổi tên một tập tin, thư mục hay liên kết tượng trưng"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "Lấy về (fetch) và hòa trộn với kho khác hay nhánh nội bộ"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr ""
+"Cập nhật tham chiếu (refs) máy chủ cùng với các đối tượng liên quan đến nó"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr ""
+"Forward-port những lần chuyển giao nội bộ tới head thượng nguồn đã cập nhật"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "Đặt lại HEAD hiện hành thành một trạng thái được chỉ ra"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "Gỡ bỏ các tập tin từ cây làm việc và từ bảng mục lục"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "Hiển thị các kiểu khác nhau của các đối tượng"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "Hiển thị trạng thái cây làm việc"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr ""
+"Tạo, liệt kê, xóa hay xác thực một đối tượng thẻ (tag) mà nó được ký sử dụng "
+"GPG"
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "Bạn cần đặt thông tin về người chuyển giao mã nguồn trước đã"
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn có lẽ đã có HEAD đã bị di chuyển đi kể từ lần “am” thất bại cuối cùng.\n"
+"Không thể chuyển tới ORIG_HEAD"
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Khi bạn cần giải quyết vấn đề này hãy chạy lệnh \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"Nếu bạn có ý định bỏ qua miếng vá, thay vào đó bạn chạy \"$cmdline --skip"
+"\".\n"
+"Để phục hồi lại thành nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng việc vá lại thì chạy "
+"\"$cmdline --abort\"."
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr "Đang trở lại để hòa trộn kiểu “three-way”."
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "Kho thiếu đối tượng blob cần thiết để trở về trên “3-way merge”."
+
+#: git-am.sh:139
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr ""
+"Sử dụng thông tin trong bảng mục lục để cấu trúc lại một cây (tree) cơ sở..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn đã sửa miếng vá của mình bằng cách thủ công à?\n"
+"Nó không thể áp dụng các blob đã được ghi lại trong bảng mục lục của nó."
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "Đang trở lại để vá cơ sở và “3-way merge”..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:179
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi trộn vào các thay đổi."
+
+#: git-am.sh:274
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "Chỉ có một sê-ri miếng vá StGIT được áp dụng một lúc"
+
+#: git-am.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr "Định dạng miếng vá $patch_format không được hỗ trợ."
+
+#: git-am.sh:363
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "Dò tìm định dạng miếng vá gặp lỗi."
+
+#: git-am.sh:389
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"Tùy chọn -b/--binary đã không dùng từ lâu rồi, và\n"
+"nó sẽ được bỏ đi. Xin đừng sử dụng nó thêm nữa."
+
+#: git-am.sh:477
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "thư mục rebase trước $dotest vẫn chưa sẵn sàng nhưng mbox được đưa ra."
+
+#: git-am.sh:482
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr "Xin hãy rõ ràng. --skip hay --abort?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:509
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr ""
+"Thao tác phân giải không đang được tiến hành, chúng ta không phục hồi lại."
+
+#: git-am.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr "Bảng mục lục sai: không thể áp dụng các miếng vá (sai: $files)"
+
+#: git-am.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Miếng vá trống rỗng.  Nó đã bị chia cắt sai phải không?\n"
+"Nếu bạn thích bỏ qua miếng vá này, hãy chạy lệnh sau để thay thế \"$cmdline "
+"--skip\".\n"
+"Để phục hồi lại nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng vá lại hãy chạy lệnh \"$cmdline --"
+"abort\"."
+
+#: git-am.sh:706
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr "Miếng vá không có địa chỉ e-mail hợp lệ."
+
+#: git-am.sh:753
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr ""
+"không thể được tương tác mà không có stdin kết nối với một thiết bị cuối"
+
+#: git-am.sh:757
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "Thân của lần chuyển giao (commit) là:"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:764
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr ""
+"Áp dụng? đồng ý [y]/không [n]/chỉnh sửa [e]/hiển thị miếng [v]á/đồng ý tất "
+"cả [a] "
+
+#: git-am.sh:800
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Đang áp dụng (miếng vá): $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:821
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"Không có thay đổi nào - bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add” à?\n"
+"Nếu ở đây không có gì còn lại stage, tình cờ là có một số thứ khác\n"
+"đã sẵn được đưa vào với cùng nội dung thay đổi; bạn có lẽ muốn bỏ qua miếng "
+"vá này."
+
+#: git-am.sh:829
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn vẫn có những đường dẫn chưa được hòa trộn trong bảng mục lục của mình\n"
+"bạn đã quên sử dụng lệnh “git add” à?"
+
+#: git-am.sh:845
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "Không thay đổi gì cả -- Miếng vá đã được áp dụng rồi."
+
+#: git-am.sh:855
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "Vá gặp lỗi tại $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:858
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+msgstr ""
+"Bản sao chép của miếng vá mà nó gặp lỗi thì được tìm thấy trong:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+
+#: git-am.sh:876
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "áp dụng vào một lịch sử trống rỗng"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "Bạn cần khởi đầu bằng \"git bisect start\""
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Bạn có muốn tôi thực hiện điều này cho bạn không [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "không công nhận tùy chọn: “$arg”"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "”$arg” không có vẻ như là một sự xét lại hợp lệ"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "HEAD sai - Tôi cần một HEAD"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Việc checkout “$start_head” gặp lỗi. Hãy thử “git bisect reset "
+"<nhánh_hợp_lệ>”."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr "sẽ không bisect trêm cây được seek"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "HEAD sai - tham chiếu (ref) tượng trưng kỳ lạ"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "Đối số bisect_write sai: $state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "Đầu vào rev sai: $arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr "Hãy gọi lệnhl “bisect_state” với ít nhất một đối số."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "Đầu vào rev sai: $rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "“git bisect bad” có thể lấy chỉ một đối số."
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr ""
+"Cảnh báo: chỉ thực hiện việc bisect với một lần chuyển giao (commit) sai."
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "Bạn có chắc chắn chưa [Y/n]? "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm xét duyệt tốt và một điểm sai.\n"
+"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect bad\" và \"git bisect good\" cho cái đó.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn cần bắt đầu bằng lệnh \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"Bạn sau đó cần phải chỉ cho tôi ít nhất một điểm xét duyệt đúng và một điểm "
+"sai.\n"
+"(Bạn có thể sử dụng \"git bisect bad\" và \"git bisect good\" cho chúng.)"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "Chúng tôi không bisect."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "”$invalid” không phải là lần chuyển giao (commit) hợp lệ"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể check-out HEAD nguyên thủy của “$branch”.\n"
+"Hãy thử “git bisect reset <lần-chuyển-giao>”."
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tập tin ghi nhật ký"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "không thể đọc $file để thao diễn lại"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? bạn đang nói gì thế?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "đang chạy lệnh $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
+"mã trả về $res từ lệnh “$command” là < 0 hoặc >= 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "bisect không thể tiếp tục thêm được nữa"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"chạy bisect gặp lỗi:\n"
+"”bisect_state $state” đã thoát ra với mã lỗi $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "bisect chạy thành công"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Pull là không thể được bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn.\n"
+"Xin hãy sửa chữa chúng trước, và sau đó sử dụng lệnh “git add/rm <tập-tin>”\n"
+"để phê chuẩn việc đánh dấu đây cần được giải quyết, hoặc là sử dụng “git "
+"commit -a”."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr ""
+"Full là không thể thực hiện bởi vì bạn có những tập tin chưa được hòa trộn."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr ""
+"đang cập nhật một nhánh chưa được sinh ra với các thay đổi được thêm vào "
+"bảng mục lục"
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:229
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+"Cảnh báo: fetch đã cập nhật head nhánh hiện tại.\n"
+"Cảnh báo: đang fast-forward cây làm việc của bạn từ\n"
+"Cảnh báo: commit $orig_head."
+
+#: git-pull.sh:254
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr "Không thể hòa trộn nhiều nhánh và trong một head trống rỗng"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:258
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "Không thể thực hiện lệnh rebase (cơ cấu lại) trên nhiều nhánh"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:53
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
+msgstr ""
+"Khi bạn cần giải quyết vấn đề này hãy chạy lệnh \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"Nếu bạn có ý định bỏ qua miếng vá, thay vào đó bạn chạy \"git rebase --skip"
+"\".\n"
+"Để phục hồi lại thành nhánh nguyên thủy và dừng việc vá lại thì chạy \"git "
+"rebase --abort\"."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:160
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "Móc (hook) pre-rebase từ chối rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:165
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr ""
+"Hình như đang trong quá trình thực hiện lệnh git-am. Không thể chạy lệnh "
+"rebase."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:296
+msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn --exec phải được sử dụng cùng với tùy chọn --interactive"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:301
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "Không có tiến trình rebase nào phải không?"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:312
+msgid "The --edit-todo action can only be used during interactive rebase."
+msgstr ""
+"Hành động “--edit-todo” chỉ có thể dùng trong quá trình “rebase” (sửa lịch "
+"sử) tương tác."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:319
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "Không thể đọc HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:322
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"Bạn phải sửa tất cả các lần hòa trộn xung đột và sau\n"
+"đó đánh dấu chúng là cần xử lý sử dụng lệnh git add"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:340
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "Không thể quay trở lại $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"Hình như là ở đây sẵn có một thư mục $state_dir_base directory, và\n"
+"Tôi tự hỏi có phải bạn đang ở giữa một lệnh rebase khác.  Nếu đúng là\n"
+"như vậy, xin hãy thử\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"Nếu không phải thế, hãy thử\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"và chạy TÔI lần nữa.  TÔI  dừng lại trong trường hợp bạn vẫn\n"
+"có một số thứ quý giá ở đây.\n"
+"\n"
+"TÔI: là lệnh bạn vừa gọi!"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr "thượng nguồn không hợp lệ $upstream_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:428
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: ở đây có nhiều hơn một nền móng hòa trộn"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:431 git-rebase.sh:435
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: ở đây không có nền móng hòa trộn nào"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:440
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "Không chỉ đến một lần chuyển giao (commit) không hợp lệ: $onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:463
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr "nghiêm trọng: không có nhánh như thế: $branch_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:483
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "Xin hãy commit hoặc tạm cất (stash) chúng."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:501
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại $branch_name đã được cập nhật rồi."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "Nhánh hiện tại $branch_name đã được cập nhật rồi, lệnh rebase ép buộc."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "Thay đổi từ $mb thành $onto:"
+
+#. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+#: git-rebase.sh:524
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr ""
+"Trước tiên, di chuyển head để xem lại các công việc trên đỉnh của nó..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:532
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "Fast-forward $branch_name thành $onto_name."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr ""
+"git stash clear với các tham số là chưa được thực hiện (không nhận đối số)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "Bạn chưa còn có lần chuyển giao (commit) khởi tạo"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái bảng mục lục hiện hành"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái cây-làm-việc hiện hành"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "Chưa có thay đổi nào được chọn"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ bỏ bảng mục lục tạm thời (không thể xảy ra)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái cây làm việc hiện hành"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"lỗi: không hiểu tùy chọn cho “stash save”: $option\n"
+"       Để cung cấp một thông điệp, sử dụng git stash save -- “$option”"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "Không có thay đổi nội bộ nào được ghi lại"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "Không thể khởi tạo stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại trạng thái hiện hành"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "Không thể gỡ bỏ các thay đổi cây-làm-việc"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "Không tìm thấy stash nào."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "Chỉ ra quá nhiều điểm xét lại: $REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference không phải là tham chiếu hợp lệ"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "”$args” không phải là lần chuyển giao (commit) giống-stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "”$args” không phải tham chiếu đến stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "không thể làm tươi mới bảng mục lục"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "Không thể áp dụng một stash ở giữa của quá trình hòa trộn"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "Xung đột trong bảng mục lục. Hãy thử mà không dùng tùy chọn --index."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "Không thể ghi lại cây chỉ mục"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "Không thể bỏ trạng thía của các tập tin đã được sửa chữa"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:475
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "Bảng mục lục đã không được bỏ stash."
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "Đã hạ xuống ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}: Không thể xóa bỏ mục stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:500
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "Chưa chỉ ra tên của nhánh"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "(Để phục hồi lại chúng hãy gõ \"git stash apply\")"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:89
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr "không thể tháo bỏ một thành phần ra khỏi “$remoteurl” url"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:168
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy ánh xạ (mapping) mô-đun-con trong .gitmodules cho đường dẫn "
+"“$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr "Nhân bản “$url” vào đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path” gặp lỗi"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr ""
+"Gitdir “$a” là bộ phận của đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$b” hoặc \"vice versa\""
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:316
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr ""
+"repo URL: “$repo” phải là đường dẫn tuyệt đối hoặc là bắt đầu bằng ./|../"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "”$sm_path” thực sự đã tồn tại ở bảng mục lục rồi"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:337
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"Các đường dẫn theo sau đây sẽ bị lờ đi bởi một trong các tập tin .gitignore "
+"của bạn:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Sử dụng -f nếu bạn thực sự muốn thêm nó vào."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:355
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "Đang thêm repo có sẵn tại “$sm_path” vào bảng mục lục"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:357
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "”$sm_path” đã tồn tại từ trước và không phải là một kho git hợp lệ"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "A git directory for '$sm_name' is found locally with remote(s):"
+msgstr ""
+"Thư mục git cho '$sm_name' được tìm thấy một cách cục bộ với các máy chủ:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:367
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to reuse this local git directory instead of cloning again from"
+msgstr "Nếu bạn muốn dùng lại thư mục git nội bộ này thay vì nhân bản từ nó"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:369
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"use the '--force' option. If the local git directory is not the correct repo"
+msgstr ""
+"dùng tùy chọn '--force'. Nếu thư mục git nội bộ không phải là repo (kho) đúng"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"or you are unsure what this means choose another name with the '--name' "
+"option."
+msgstr ""
+"hay bạn không chắc chắn điều đó có nghĩa gì chọn tên khác với tùy chọn '--"
+"name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:372
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Reactivating local git directory for submodule '$sm_name'."
+msgstr ""
+"Phục hồi sự hoạt động của thư mục git nội bộ cho mô-đun-con '$sm_name'."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:384
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể checkout mô-đun con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:389
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi thêm mô-đun con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:394
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký với hệ thống mô-đun con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:437
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Đang nhập “$prefix$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:451
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "Dừng lại tại “$sm_path”; script trả về trạng thái khác không."
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:495
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy url cho đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path” trong .gitmodules"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:504
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký url cho đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:506
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Mô-đun-con “$name” ($url) được đăng ký cho đường dẫn “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:514
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Gặp lỗi khi đăng ký chế độ cập nhật cho đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:614
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+"Đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path” chưa được khởi tạo\n"
+"Có lẽ bạn muốn sử dụng lệnh “update --init”?"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:627
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Không tìm thấy điểm xét lại hiện hành trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:646
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể lấy về (fetch) trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:660
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể rebase “$sha1” trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:661
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”: được rebase vào trong “$sha1”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:666
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr ""
+"Không thể hòa trộn (merge) “$sha1” trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:667
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”: được hòa trộn vào “$sha1”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:672
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Không thể checkout “$sha1” trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:673
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "Đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”: được checkout “$sha1”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:695 git-submodule.sh:1017
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Gặp lỗi khi đệ quy vào trong đường dẫn mô-đun-con “$sm_path”"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:803
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "Tùy chọn --cached không thể dùng cùng với tùy chọn --files"
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "chế độ không như mong chờ $mod_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:861
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_src"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:864
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:867
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr ""
+"  Cảnh báo: $name không chứa những lần chuyển giao (commit) $sha1_src và "
+"$sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:892
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "blob"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:930
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "# Các mô-đun-con đã bị thay đổi nhưng chưa được cập nhật:"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:932
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "# Những thay đổi mô-đun-con được chuyển giao (commit):"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1080
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "Url Mô-đun-con đồng bộ hóa cho '$prefix$sm_path'"
+
+#~ msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
+#~ msgstr "git remote set-head <tên> (-a | -d | <nhánh>])"
+
+#~ msgid " 0 files changed"
+#~ msgstr " 0 có tập tin nào thay đổi cả"
+
+#~ msgid " %d file changed"
+#~ msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+#~ msgstr[0] " %d tập tin thay đổi"
+#~ msgstr[1] " %d tập tin thay đổi"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d thêm(+)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d thêm(+)"
+
+#~ msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+#~ msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+#~ msgstr[0] ", %d xóa(-)"
+#~ msgstr[1] ", %d xóa(-)"
+
+#~ msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+#~ msgstr "Tự động đóng gói kho chứa để tối ưu hóa hiệu suất làm việc.\n"
+
+#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+#~ msgstr " (dùng \"git add\" để theo dõi dấu vết)"
+
+#~ msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+#~ msgstr "tùy chọn -B không thể dùng -b"
+
+#~ msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+#~ msgstr "--patch xung khắc với tất cả các tùy chọn khác"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+#~ msgstr "--detach không thể được sử dụng với tùy chọn -b/-B/--orphan"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--detach không thể được sử dụng với tùy chọn -t"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "Tùy chọn --orphan và -b|-B loại từ lẫn nhau"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan không thể được sử dụng với tùy chọn -t"
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "git checkout: hai tùy chọn -f và -m xung khắc nhau"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "git checkout: việc cập nhật các đường dẫn là xung khắc với việc chuyển "
+#~ "đổi các nhánh."
+
+#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
+#~ msgstr "cài đặt diff gặp lỗi"
+
+#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
+#~ msgstr "merge-recursive: đĩa bị đầy?"
+
+#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done gặp lỗi"
+
+#~ msgid "-d option is no longer supported.  Do not use."
+#~ msgstr "Tùy chọn -d không còn được hỗ trợ nữa. Xin đừng sử dụng."
+
+#~ msgid "%s: has been deleted/renamed"
+#~ msgstr "%s: đã được xóa/thay-tên"
+
+#~ msgid "'%s': not a documentation directory."
+#~ msgstr "”%s”: không phải là một thư mục tài liệu."
+
+#~ msgid "--"
+#~ msgstr "--"
+
+#~ msgid "Could not extract email from committer identity."
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Không thể rút trích địa chỉ thư điện tử từ định danh người chuyển giao"
+
+#~ msgid "could not parse commit %s\n"
+#~ msgstr "không thể phân tích commit (lần chuyển giao) %s\n"
diff --git a/po/zh_CN.po b/po/zh_CN.po
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..46d158f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/po/zh_CN.po
@@ -0,0 +1,9520 @@
+# Chinese translations for Git package
+# Git 软件包的简体中文翻译.
+# Copyright (C) 2012 Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
+# This file is distributed under the same license as the Git package.
+# Contributers:
+#   - Jiang Xin <worldhello.net AT gmail.com>
+#   - Riku <lu.riku AT gmail.com>
+#   - Zhuang Ya <zhuangya AT me.com>
+#   - Lian Cheng <rhythm.mail AT gmail.com>
+#
+msgid ""
+msgstr ""
+"Project-Id-Version: Git\n"
+"Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-09-15 10:21+0800\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2012-09-07 17:56+0800\n"
+"Last-Translator: Jiang Xin <worldhello.net@gmail.com>\n"
+"Language-Team: GitHub <https://github.com/gotgit/git/>\n"
+"Language: zh_CN\n"
+"MIME-Version: 1.0\n"
+"Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n"
+"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
+"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=(n != 1);\n"
+
+#: advice.c:40
+#, c-format
+msgid "hint: %.*s\n"
+msgstr "提示：%.*s\n"
+
+#.
+#. * Message used both when 'git commit' fails and when
+#. * other commands doing a merge do.
+#.
+#: advice.c:70
+msgid ""
+"Fix them up in the work tree,\n"
+"and then use 'git add/rm <file>' as\n"
+"appropriate to mark resolution and make a commit,\n"
+"or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"请先在工作区改正文件，然后酌情使用\n"
+"'git add/rm <file>' 标记解决方案，\n"
+"或使用 'git commit -a'。"
+
+#: archive.c:10
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git archive [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: archive.c:11
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git archive --list"
+msgstr "git archive：NACK %s"
+
+#: archive.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] [options] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:13
+msgid "git archive --remote <repo> [--exec <cmd>] --list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "fmt"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:322
+msgid "archive format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:323 builtin/log.c:1079
+msgid "prefix"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:324
+msgid "prepend prefix to each pathname in the archive"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:325 builtin/archive.c:91 builtin/blame.c:2332
+#: builtin/blame.c:2333 builtin/config.c:56 builtin/fast-export.c:642
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:644 builtin/grep.c:800 builtin/hash-object.c:77
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:494 builtin/ls-files.c:497 builtin/notes.c:537
+#: builtin/notes.c:694 builtin/read-tree.c:107 parse-options.h:149
+msgid "file"
+msgstr "文件"
+
+#: archive.c:326 builtin/archive.c:92
+msgid "write the archive to this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:328
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read .gitattributes in working directory"
+msgstr "%s：已经存在于工作区中"
+
+#: archive.c:329
+msgid "report archived files on stderr"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:330
+msgid "store only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:331
+msgid "compress faster"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:339
+msgid "compress better"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:342
+msgid "list supported archive formats"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:344 builtin/archive.c:93 builtin/clone.c:85
+msgid "repo"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:345 builtin/archive.c:94
+msgid "retrieve the archive from remote repository <repo>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: archive.c:346 builtin/archive.c:95 builtin/notes.c:616
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "command"
+msgstr "运行 $command"
+
+#: archive.c:347 builtin/archive.c:96
+msgid "path to the remote git-upload-archive command"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: bundle.c:36
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not look like a v2 bundle file"
+msgstr "'%s' 不像是一个 v2 版本的包文件"
+
+#: bundle.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized header: %s%s (%d)"
+msgstr "未能识别的包头：%s%s (%d)"
+
+#: bundle.c:89 builtin/commit.c:714
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s'"
+msgstr "不能打开 '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:140
+msgid "Repository lacks these prerequisite commits:"
+msgstr "版本库缺少这些必备的提交："
+
+#: bundle.c:164 sequencer.c:557 sequencer.c:989 builtin/log.c:290
+#: builtin/log.c:727 builtin/log.c:1313 builtin/log.c:1529 builtin/merge.c:347
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:181
+msgid "revision walk setup failed"
+msgstr "版本遍历设置失败"
+
+#: bundle.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle contains %d ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle contains %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "这个包中含有 %d 个引用"
+msgstr[1] "这个包中含有 %d 个引用"
+
+#: bundle.c:192
+msgid "The bundle records a complete history."
+msgstr "这个包记录一个完整历史。"
+
+#: bundle.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "The bundle requires this ref"
+msgid_plural "The bundle requires these %d refs"
+msgstr[0] "这个包需要这个引用"
+msgstr[1] "这个包需要 %d 个这些引用"
+
+#: bundle.c:294
+msgid "rev-list died"
+msgstr "rev-list 终止"
+
+#: bundle.c:300 builtin/log.c:1209 builtin/shortlog.c:284
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized argument: %s"
+msgstr "未能识别的参数：%s"
+
+#: bundle.c:335
+#, c-format
+msgid "ref '%s' is excluded by the rev-list options"
+msgstr "引用 '%s' 被 rev-list 选项排除"
+
+#: bundle.c:380
+msgid "Refusing to create empty bundle."
+msgstr "不能创建空包。"
+
+#: bundle.c:398
+msgid "Could not spawn pack-objects"
+msgstr "不能生成 pack-objects 进程"
+
+#: bundle.c:416
+msgid "pack-objects died"
+msgstr "pack-objects 终止"
+
+#: bundle.c:419
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot create '%s'"
+msgstr "不能创建 '%s'"
+
+#: bundle.c:441
+msgid "index-pack died"
+msgstr "index-pack 终止"
+
+#: commit.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not parse %s"
+msgstr "不能解析 %s"
+
+#: commit.c:50
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s %s is not a commit!"
+msgstr "%s %s 不是一个提交!"
+
+#: compat/obstack.c:406 compat/obstack.c:408
+msgid "memory exhausted"
+msgstr "内存耗尽"
+
+#: connected.c:39
+msgid "Could not run 'git rev-list'"
+msgstr "不能执行 'git rev-list'"
+
+#: connected.c:48
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed write to rev-list: %s"
+msgstr "无法写入 rev-list：%s"
+
+#: connected.c:56
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close rev-list's stdin: %s"
+msgstr "无法关闭 rev-list 的标准输入：%s"
+
+#: date.c:95
+msgid "in the future"
+msgstr "在将来"
+
+#: date.c:101
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu second ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu seconds ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 秒钟之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 秒钟之前"
+
+#: date.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu minute ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu minutes ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 分钟之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 分钟之前"
+
+#: date.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu hour ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu hours ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 小时之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 小时之前"
+
+#: date.c:122
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu day ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu days ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 天之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 天之前"
+
+#: date.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu week ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu weeks ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 周之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 周之前"
+
+#: date.c:135
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 个月之前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 个月之前"
+
+#: date.c:146
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year"
+msgid_plural "%lu years"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 年"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 年"
+
+#: date.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, %lu month ago"
+msgid_plural "%s, %lu months ago"
+msgstr[0] "%s，%lu 个月之前"
+msgstr[1] "%s，%lu 个月之前"
+
+#: date.c:154 date.c:159
+#, c-format
+msgid "%lu year ago"
+msgid_plural "%lu years ago"
+msgstr[0] "%lu 年前"
+msgstr[1] "%lu 年前"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: diff.c:105
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Failed to parse dirstat cut-off percentage '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr "  无法解析 dirstat 阈值 '%.*s'\n"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: diff.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Unknown dirstat parameter '%.*s'\n"
+msgstr "  未知 dirstat 参数 '%.*s'\n"
+
+#: diff.c:210
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Found errors in 'diff.dirstat' config variable:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"发现配置变量 'diff.dirstat' 中的错误：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: diff.c:1401
+msgid " 0 files changed"
+msgstr " 0 个文件被修改"
+
+#: diff.c:1405
+#, c-format
+msgid " %d file changed"
+msgid_plural " %d files changed"
+msgstr[0] " %d 个文件被修改"
+msgstr[1] " %d 个文件被修改"
+
+#: diff.c:1422
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d insertion(+)"
+msgid_plural ", %d insertions(+)"
+msgstr[0] "，插入 %d 行(+)"
+msgstr[1] "，插入 %d 行(+)"
+
+#: diff.c:1433
+#, c-format
+msgid ", %d deletion(-)"
+msgid_plural ", %d deletions(-)"
+msgstr[0] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
+msgstr[1] "，删除 %d 行(-)"
+
+#: diff.c:3460
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Failed to parse --dirstat/-X option parameter:\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"无法解析 --dirstat/-X 选项的参数：\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:59
+msgid "could not run gpg."
+msgstr "不能执行 gpg。"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:71
+msgid "gpg did not accept the data"
+msgstr "gpg 没有接受数据"
+
+#: gpg-interface.c:82
+msgid "gpg failed to sign the data"
+msgstr "gpg 无法为数据签名"
+
+#: grep.c:1320
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unable to read %s"
+msgstr "'%s'：无法读取 %s"
+
+#: grep.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': %s"
+msgstr "'%s'：%s"
+
+#: grep.c:1348
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': short read %s"
+msgstr "'%s'：读取不完整 %s"
+
+#: help.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "available git commands in '%s'"
+msgstr "在 '%s' 下可用的 git 命令"
+
+#: help.c:219
+msgid "git commands available from elsewhere on your $PATH"
+msgstr "在 $PATH 路径中的其他地方可用的 git 命令"
+
+#: help.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' appears to be a git command, but we were not\n"
+"able to execute it. Maybe git-%s is broken?"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 像是一个 git 命令，但却无法运行。\n"
+"可能是 git-%s 受损？"
+
+#: help.c:332
+msgid "Uh oh. Your system reports no Git commands at all."
+msgstr "唉呀，您的系统中未发现 Git 命令。"
+
+#: help.c:354
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"WARNING: You called a Git command named '%s', which does not exist.\n"
+"Continuing under the assumption that you meant '%s'"
+msgstr ""
+"警告：您运行一个不存在的 Git 命令 '%s'。继续执行假定您要要运行的\n"
+"是 '%s'"
+
+#: help.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "in %0.1f seconds automatically..."
+msgstr "在 %0.1f 秒钟后自动运行..."
+
+#: help.c:366
+#, c-format
+msgid "git: '%s' is not a git command. See 'git --help'."
+msgstr "git：'%s' 不是一个 git 命令。参见 'git --help'。"
+
+#: help.c:370
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean this?"
+msgid_plural ""
+"\n"
+"Did you mean one of these?"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"\n"
+"您指的是这个么？"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"\n"
+"您指的是这其中的某一个么？"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:190
+#, c-format
+msgid "(bad commit)\n"
+msgstr "（坏提交）\n"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:206
+#, c-format
+msgid "addinfo_cache failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "为路径 '%s' addinfo_cache 失败"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:268
+msgid "error building trees"
+msgstr "无法创建树"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:672
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create path '%s'%s"
+msgstr "无法创建路径 '%s'%s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s to make room for subdirectory\n"
+msgstr "删除 %s 以便为子目录留出空间\n"
+
+#. something else exists
+#. .. but not some other error (who really cares what?)
+#: merge-recursive.c:697 merge-recursive.c:718
+msgid ": perhaps a D/F conflict?"
+msgstr "：可能是一个目录/文件冲突？"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:708
+#, c-format
+msgid "refusing to lose untracked file at '%s'"
+msgstr "拒绝丢弃 '%s' 中的未跟踪文件"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:748
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s '%s'"
+msgstr "不能读取对象 %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "blob expected for %s '%s'"
+msgstr "%s '%s' 应为二进制对象（blob）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:773 builtin/clone.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to open '%s'"
+msgstr "无法打开 '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:781
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to symlink '%s'"
+msgstr "无法创建符号链接 '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "do not know what to do with %06o %s '%s'"
+msgstr "不知道如何处理 %06o %s '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:922
+msgid "Failed to execute internal merge"
+msgstr "无法执行内部合并"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:926
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add %s to database"
+msgstr "不能添加 %s 至对象库"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:942
+msgid "unsupported object type in the tree"
+msgstr "在树中有不支持的对象类型"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1021 merge-recursive.c:1035
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree."
+msgstr ""
+"冲突（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 在 %6$s 中"
+"的版本被保留。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1027 merge-recursive.c:1040
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (%s/delete): %s deleted in %s and %s in %s. Version %s of %s left "
+"in tree at %s."
+msgstr ""
+"冲突（%1$s/删除）：%2$s 在 %3$s 中被删除，在 %5$s 中被 %4$s。%7$s 在 %6$s 中"
+"的版本保留于 %8$s 中。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "rename"
+msgstr "重命名"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1081
+msgid "renamed"
+msgstr "重命名"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is a directory in %s adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "%s 是 %s 中的一个目录而以 %s 为名被添加"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1159
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename \"%s\"->\"%s\" in branch \"%s\" rename \"%s"
+"\"->\"%s\" in \"%s\"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"冲突（重命名/重命名）：在分支 \"%3$s\" 中重命名 \"%1$s\"->\"%2$s\"，在分支 "
+"\"%6$s\" 中重命名 \"%4$s\"->\"%5$s\"%7$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1164
+msgid " (left unresolved)"
+msgstr "（留下未解决）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1218
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/rename): Rename %s->%s in %s. Rename %s->%s in %s"
+msgstr ""
+"冲突（重命名/重命名）：在 %3$s 中重命名 %1$s->%2$s，在 %6$s 中重命名 %4$s->"
+"%5$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1248
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s and %s to %s instead"
+msgstr "而是重命名 %s 至 %s 以及 %s 至 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1447
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (rename/add): Rename %s->%s in %s. %s added in %s"
+msgstr "冲突（重命名/添加）：在 %3$s 中重命名 %1$s->%2$s。在 %5$s 中添加 %4$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding merged %s"
+msgstr "添加合并后的 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1462 merge-recursive.c:1660
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding as %s instead"
+msgstr "而是以 %s 为名添加"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1513
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read object %s"
+msgstr "不能读取对象 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s is not a blob"
+msgstr "对象 %s 不是一个二进制对象（blob）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modify"
+msgstr "修改"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1564
+msgid "modified"
+msgstr "修改"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1574
+msgid "content"
+msgstr "内容"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1581
+msgid "add/add"
+msgstr "添加/添加"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1615
+#, c-format
+msgid "Skipped %s (merged same as existing)"
+msgstr "略过 %s（已经做过相同合并）"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1629
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto-merging %s"
+msgstr "自动合并 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1633 git-submodule.sh:869
+msgid "submodule"
+msgstr "子模组"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1634
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): Merge conflict in %s"
+msgstr "冲突（%s）：合并冲突于 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1724
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s"
+msgstr "删除 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1749
+msgid "file/directory"
+msgstr "文件/目录"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1755
+msgid "directory/file"
+msgstr "目录/文件"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1760
+#, c-format
+msgid "CONFLICT (%s): There is a directory with name %s in %s. Adding %s as %s"
+msgstr "冲突（%1$s）：在 %3$s 中有一个名为 %2$s 的目录。以 %5$s 为名添加 %4$s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1770
+#, c-format
+msgid "Adding %s"
+msgstr "添加 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1787
+msgid "Fatal merge failure, shouldn't happen."
+msgstr "严重的合并错误，不应发生。"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1806
+msgid "Already up-to-date!"
+msgstr "已经是最新的！"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1815
+#, c-format
+msgid "merging of trees %s and %s failed"
+msgstr "无法合并树 %s 和 %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unprocessed path??? %s"
+msgstr "未处理的路径??? %s"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1890
+msgid "Merging:"
+msgstr "合并："
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1903
+#, c-format
+msgid "found %u common ancestor:"
+msgid_plural "found %u common ancestors:"
+msgstr[0] "发现 %u 个共同祖先："
+msgstr[1] "发现 %u 个共同祖先："
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1940
+msgid "merge returned no commit"
+msgstr "合并未返回提交"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:1997
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'"
+msgstr "不能解析对象 '%s'"
+
+#: merge-recursive.c:2009 builtin/merge.c:696
+msgid "Unable to write index."
+msgstr "不能写入索引。"
+
+#: parse-options.c:494
+msgid "..."
+msgstr "..."
+
+#: parse-options.c:512
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s"
+msgstr "用法：%s"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: the colon here should align with the
+#. one in "usage: %s" translation
+#: parse-options.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "   or: %s"
+msgstr "  或：%s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: parse-options.c:519
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %s"
+msgstr "    %s"
+
+#: remote.c:1632
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n"
+msgid_plural "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n"
+msgstr[0] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个提交。\n"
+msgstr[1] "您的分支领先 '%s' 共 %d 个提交。\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1638
+#, c-format
+msgid "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, and can be fast-forwarded.\n"
+msgstr[0] "您的分支落后 '%s' 共 %d 个提交，并且可以快进。\n"
+msgstr[1] "您的分支落后 '%s' 共 %d 个提交，并且可以快进。\n"
+
+#: remote.c:1646
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commit each, respectively.\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+"and have %d and %d different commits each, respectively.\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"您的分支和 '%s' 出现了偏离，\n"
+"并且分别有 %d 和 %d 处不同的提交。\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"您的分支和 '%s' 出现了偏离，\n"
+"并且分别有 %d 和 %d 处不同的提交。\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:121 builtin/merge.c:864 builtin/merge.c:977
+#: builtin/merge.c:1087 builtin/merge.c:1097
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing"
+msgstr "不能为写入打开 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:123 builtin/merge.c:333 builtin/merge.c:867
+#: builtin/merge.c:1089 builtin/merge.c:1102
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to '%s'"
+msgstr "不能写入 '%s'"
+
+#: sequencer.c:144
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"
+msgstr ""
+"冲突解决完毕后，用 'git add <paths>' 或 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"命令标记修正后的文件"
+
+#: sequencer.c:147
+msgid ""
+"after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+"with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"and commit the result with 'git commit'"
+msgstr ""
+"冲突解决完毕后，用 'git add <paths>' 或 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+"对修正后的文件做标记，然后用 'git commit' 提交"
+
+#: sequencer.c:160 sequencer.c:765 sequencer.c:848
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not write to %s"
+msgstr "不能写入 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:163
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s"
+msgstr "错误收尾 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:178
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."
+msgstr "您的本地修改将被拣选操作覆盖。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:180
+msgid "Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."
+msgstr "您的本地修改将被还原操作覆盖。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:183
+msgid "Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."
+msgstr "提交您的修改或保存进度后再继续。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick"
+#: sequencer.c:233
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "%s：无法写入新索引文件"
+
+#: sequencer.c:261
+msgid "Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"
+msgstr "不能解析 HEAD 提交\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:282
+msgid "Unable to update cache tree\n"
+msgstr "不能更新缓存\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse commit %s\n"
+msgstr "不能解析提交 %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:332
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse parent commit %s\n"
+msgstr "不能解析父提交 %s\n"
+
+#: sequencer.c:398
+msgid "Your index file is unmerged."
+msgstr "您的索引文件未完成合并。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:401
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD"
+msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:416
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."
+msgstr "提交 %s 是一个合并提交但未提供 -m 选项。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "Commit %s does not have parent %d"
+msgstr "提交 %s 没有父提交 %d"
+
+#: sequencer.c:428
+#, c-format
+msgid "Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."
+msgstr "指定了主线但提交 %s 不是一个合并。"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+#. "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1
+#: sequencer.c:439
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"
+msgstr "%s：不能解析父提交 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot get commit message for %s"
+msgstr "不能得到 %s 的提交说明"
+
+#: sequencer.c:527
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not revert %s... %s"
+msgstr "不能还原 %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:528
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not apply %s... %s"
+msgstr "不能应用 %s... %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:560
+msgid "empty commit set passed"
+msgstr "提供了空的提交集"
+
+#: sequencer.c:568
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to read the index"
+msgstr "git %s：无法读取索引"
+
+#: sequencer.c:573
+#, c-format
+msgid "git %s: failed to refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s：无法刷新索引"
+
+#: sequencer.c:631
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot %s during a %s"
+msgstr "无法 %s 在一个 %s 过程中"
+
+#: sequencer.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse line %d."
+msgstr "不能解析第 %d 行。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:658
+msgid "No commits parsed."
+msgstr "没有提交被解析。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open %s"
+msgstr "不能打开 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:675
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read %s."
+msgstr "不能读取 %s。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unusable instruction sheet: %s"
+msgstr "无用的指令表单：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:710
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid key: %s"
+msgstr "无效键名：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:713
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid value for %s: %s"
+msgstr "%s 的值无效：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:725
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed options sheet: %s"
+msgstr "非法的选项表单：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:746
+msgid "a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"
+msgstr "一个拣选或还原操作已在进行"
+
+#: sequencer.c:747
+msgid "try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+msgstr "尝试 \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""
+
+#: sequencer.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create sequencer directory %s"
+msgstr "不能创建序列目录 %s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:767 sequencer.c:852
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error wrapping up %s."
+msgstr "错误收尾 %s。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:786 sequencer.c:920
+msgid "no cherry-pick or revert in progress"
+msgstr "拣选或还原操作并未进行"
+
+#: sequencer.c:788
+msgid "cannot resolve HEAD"
+msgstr "不能解析 HEAD"
+
+#: sequencer.c:790
+msgid "cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "不能从尚未建立的分支终止"
+
+#: sequencer.c:812 builtin/apply.c:4005
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s"
+msgstr "不能打开 %s：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:815
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read %s: %s"
+msgstr "不能读取 %s：%s"
+
+#: sequencer.c:816
+msgid "unexpected end of file"
+msgstr "意外的文件结束"
+
+#: sequencer.c:822
+#, c-format
+msgid "stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"
+msgstr "保存拣选提交前的 HEAD 文件 '%s' 损坏"
+
+#: sequencer.c:845
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not format %s."
+msgstr "不能格式化 %s。"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1007
+msgid "Can't revert as initial commit"
+msgstr "不能作为初始提交还原"
+
+#: sequencer.c:1008
+msgid "Can't cherry-pick into empty head"
+msgstr "不能拣选到空分支"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1044
+msgid "HEAD does not point to a branch"
+msgstr "HEAD 没有指向一个分支"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1047
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such branch: '%s'"
+msgstr "没有此分支：'%s'"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1049
+#, c-format
+msgid "No upstream configured for branch '%s'"
+msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
+
+#: sha1_name.c:1052
+#, c-format
+msgid "Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"
+msgstr "上游分支 '%s' 没有存储为一个远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: wrapper.c:408
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "unable to access '%s': %s"
+msgstr "不能创建 '%s'"
+
+#: wrapper.c:426
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"
+msgstr "无法在 passwd 文件中查询到该用户：%s"
+
+#: wrapper.c:427
+msgid "no such user"
+msgstr "无此用户"
+
+#: wt-status.c:140
+msgid "Unmerged paths:"
+msgstr "未合并的路径："
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:167 wt-status.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git reset %s <file>...\" 撤出暂存区）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:169 wt-status.c:196
+msgid "  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rm --cached <file>...\" 撤出暂存区）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:173
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git add <file>...\" 标记解决方案）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:175 wt-status.c:179
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  （酌情使用 \"git add/rm <file>...\" 标记解决方案）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:177
+msgid "  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rm <file>...\" 标记解决方案）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:188
+msgid "Changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "要提交的变更："
+
+#: wt-status.c:206
+msgid "Changes not staged for commit:"
+msgstr "尚未暂存以备提交的变更："
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:210
+msgid "  (use \"git add <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git add <file>...\" 更新要提交的内容）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:212
+msgid "  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" to update what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git add/rm <file>...\" 更新要提交的内容）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:213
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git checkout -- <file>...\" to discard changes in working directory)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git checkout -- <file>...\" 丢弃工作区的改动）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:215
+msgid "  (commit or discard the untracked or modified content in submodules)"
+msgstr "  （提交或丢弃子模组中未跟踪或修改的内容）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git %s <file>...\" 以包含要提交的内容）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:244
+msgid "bug"
+msgstr "bug"
+
+#: wt-status.c:249
+msgid "both deleted:"
+msgstr "双方删除："
+
+#: wt-status.c:250
+msgid "added by us:"
+msgstr "由我们添加："
+
+#: wt-status.c:251
+msgid "deleted by them:"
+msgstr "由他们删除："
+
+#: wt-status.c:252
+msgid "added by them:"
+msgstr "由他们添加："
+
+#: wt-status.c:253
+msgid "deleted by us:"
+msgstr "由我们删除："
+
+#: wt-status.c:254
+msgid "both added:"
+msgstr "双方添加："
+
+#: wt-status.c:255
+msgid "both modified:"
+msgstr "双方修改："
+
+#  译者：末尾两个字节可能被删减，如果翻译为中文标点会出现半个汉字
+#: wt-status.c:285
+msgid "new commits, "
+msgstr "新提交, "
+
+#  译者：末尾两个字节可能被删减，如果翻译为中文标点会出现半个汉字
+#: wt-status.c:287
+msgid "modified content, "
+msgstr "修改的内容, "
+
+#  译者：末尾两个字节可能被删减，如果翻译为中文标点会出现半个汉字
+#: wt-status.c:289
+msgid "untracked content, "
+msgstr "未跟踪的内容, "
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file:   %s"
+msgstr "新文件：    %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "copied:     %s -> %s"
+msgstr "拷贝：      %s -> %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:309
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted:    %s"
+msgstr "删除：      %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "modified:   %s"
+msgstr "修改：      %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:315
+#, c-format
+msgid "renamed:    %s -> %s"
+msgstr "重命名：    %s -> %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:318
+#, c-format
+msgid "typechange: %s"
+msgstr "类型变更：  %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:321
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown:    %s"
+msgstr "未知：      %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: wt-status.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "unmerged:   %s"
+msgstr "未合并：    %s"
+
+#: wt-status.c:327
+#, c-format
+msgid "bug: unhandled diff status %c"
+msgstr "bug：未处理的差异状态 %c"
+
+#: wt-status.c:785
+msgid "You have unmerged paths."
+msgstr "您有尚未合并的路径。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:788 wt-status.c:912
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  （解决冲突并运行 \"git commit\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:791
+msgid "All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."
+msgstr "所有冲突已解决但您仍处于合并中。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:794
+msgid "  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit\" 结束合并）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:804
+msgid "You are in the middle of an am session."
+msgstr "您正处于一个 am 过程中。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:807
+msgid "The current patch is empty."
+msgstr "当前的补丁为空。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:811
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"
+msgstr "  （解决冲突，然后运行 \"git am --resolved\"）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:813
+msgid "  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --skip\" 跳过此补丁）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:815
+msgid "  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git am --abort\" 恢复原有分支）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:873 wt-status.c:883
+msgid "You are currently rebasing."
+msgstr "您正在变基。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:876
+msgid "  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  （解决冲突，然后运行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:878
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --skip\" 跳过此补丁）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:880
+msgid "  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git rebase --abort\" 以检出原有分支）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:886
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  （所有冲突已解决：运行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:888
+msgid "You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "您正在变基过程中拆分一个提交。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:891
+msgid "  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"
+msgstr "  （一旦您工作目录提交干净后，运行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:893
+msgid "You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."
+msgstr "您正在变基过程中编辑一个提交。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:896
+msgid "  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git commit --amend\" 修补当前提交）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:898
+msgid ""
+"  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"
+msgstr "  （当您对您的修改满意后执行 \"git rebase --continue\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:908
+msgid "You are currently cherry-picking."
+msgstr "您正在做拣选操作。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:915
+msgid "  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"
+msgstr "  （解决所有冲突后，执行 \"git commit\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:924
+msgid "You are currently bisecting."
+msgstr "您正在做二分查找。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:927
+msgid "  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"
+msgstr "  （使用 \"git bisect reset\" 以回到原有分支）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:978
+msgid "On branch "
+msgstr "位于分支 "
+
+#: wt-status.c:985
+msgid "Not currently on any branch."
+msgstr "当前不在任何分支上。"
+
+#: wt-status.c:997
+msgid "Initial commit"
+msgstr "初始提交"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1011
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Untracked files"
+msgstr "未跟踪的"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1013
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Ignored files"
+msgstr "忽略的"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1015
+#, c-format
+msgid "Untracked files not listed%s"
+msgstr "未跟踪的文件没有列出%s"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1017
+msgid " (use -u option to show untracked files)"
+msgstr "（使用 -u 参数显示未跟踪的文件）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1023
+msgid "No changes"
+msgstr "没有修改"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1028
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"
+msgstr "（使用 \"git add\" 和/或 \"git commit -a\"）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1031
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "no changes added to commit\n"
+msgstr "修改尚未加入提交%s\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1034
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid ""
+"nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use \"git add\" to "
+"track)\n"
+msgstr "空提交但存在未跟踪文件%s\n"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1037
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"
+msgstr "空提交但存在未跟踪文件%s\n"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1040
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)\n"
+msgstr "（新建/拷贝的文件使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1043 wt-status.c:1048
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit\n"
+msgstr "无须提交%s\n"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1046
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"
+msgstr "（使用 -u 显示未跟踪文件）"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: wt-status.c:1050
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"
+msgstr "（干净的工作区）"
+
+#: wt-status.c:1158
+msgid "HEAD (no branch)"
+msgstr "HEAD（非分支）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#: wt-status.c:1164
+msgid "Initial commit on "
+msgstr "初始提交于 "
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#: wt-status.c:1179
+msgid "behind "
+msgstr "落后 "
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#: wt-status.c:1182 wt-status.c:1185
+msgid "ahead "
+msgstr "领先 "
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#: wt-status.c:1187
+msgid ", behind "
+msgstr "，落后 "
+
+#: compat/precompose_utf8.c:58 builtin/clone.c:341
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to unlink '%s'"
+msgstr "无法删除 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:19
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git add [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "unexpected diff status %c"
+msgstr "意外的差异状态 %c"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:67 builtin/commit.c:229
+msgid "updating files failed"
+msgstr "更新文件失败"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "remove '%s'\n"
+msgstr "删除 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Path '%s' is in submodule '%.*s'"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 属于模组 '%.*s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:192
+msgid "Unstaged changes after refreshing the index:"
+msgstr "刷新索引之后尚未被暂存的变更："
+
+#: builtin/add.c:195 builtin/add.c:460 builtin/rm.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "pathspec '%s' did not match any files"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 未匹配任何文件"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:209
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is beyond a symbolic link"
+msgstr "'%s' 位于符号链接中"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:276
+msgid "Could not read the index"
+msgstr "不能读取索引"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:286
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not open '%s' for writing."
+msgstr "不能打开 '%s' 以写入。"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:290
+msgid "Could not write patch"
+msgstr "不能生成补丁"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:295
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not stat '%s'"
+msgstr "不能查看文件状态 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:297
+msgid "Empty patch. Aborted."
+msgstr "空补丁。异常终止。"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not apply '%s'"
+msgstr "不能应用 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:313
+msgid "The following paths are ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+msgstr "下列路径根据您的一个 .gitignore 文件而被忽略：\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:319 builtin/clean.c:52 builtin/fetch.c:78 builtin/mv.c:63
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:76 builtin/push.c:388 builtin/remote.c:1253
+#: builtin/rm.c:133
+msgid "dry run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:320 builtin/apply.c:4354 builtin/commit.c:1187
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:82 builtin/fsck.c:613 builtin/log.c:1477
+#: builtin/mv.c:62 builtin/read-tree.c:112
+msgid "be verbose"
+msgstr "冗长输出"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:322
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "interactive picking"
+msgstr "交互式添加失败"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:323 builtin/checkout.c:1028 builtin/reset.c:248
+msgid "select hunks interactively"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:324
+msgid "edit current diff and apply"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:325
+msgid "allow adding otherwise ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:326
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "update tracked files"
+msgstr "无法存储包文件"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:327
+msgid "record only the fact that the path will be added later"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:328
+msgid "add changes from all tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:329
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't add, only refresh the index"
+msgstr "git %s：无法刷新索引"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:330
+msgid "just skip files which cannot be added because of errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:331
+msgid "check if - even missing - files are ignored in dry run"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/add.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid "Use -f if you really want to add them.\n"
+msgstr "使用 -f 参数如果您确实要添加它们。\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:354
+msgid "no files added"
+msgstr "没有文件被添加"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:360
+msgid "adding files failed"
+msgstr "添加文件失败"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:392
+msgid "-A and -u are mutually incompatible"
+msgstr "-A 和 -u 选项互斥"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:394
+msgid "Option --ignore-missing can only be used together with --dry-run"
+msgstr "选项 --ignore-missing 只能和 --dry-run 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:414
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nothing specified, nothing added.\n"
+msgstr "没有指定文件，也没有文件被添加。\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:415
+#, c-format
+msgid "Maybe you wanted to say 'git add .'?\n"
+msgstr "也许您想要执行 'git add .'？\n"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:421 builtin/clean.c:95 builtin/commit.c:289 builtin/mv.c:82
+#: builtin/rm.c:162
+msgid "index file corrupt"
+msgstr "索引文件损坏"
+
+#: builtin/add.c:481 builtin/apply.c:4450 builtin/mv.c:229 builtin/rm.c:260
+msgid "Unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "无法写入新索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:57
+msgid "git apply [options] [<patch>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace option '%s'"
+msgstr "未能识别的空白字符选项 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:125
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized whitespace ignore option '%s'"
+msgstr "未能识别的空白字符忽略选项 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:823
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot prepare timestamp regexp %s"
+msgstr "无法准备时间戳正则表达式 %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:832
+#, c-format
+msgid "regexec returned %d for input: %s"
+msgstr "regexec 返回 %d，输入为：%s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to find filename in patch at line %d"
+msgstr "不能在补丁的第 %d 行找到文件名"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:945
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null, got %s on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 应为 /dev/null，但在第 %2$d 行得到 %1$s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:949
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent new filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上新文件名不一致"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:950
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - inconsistent old filename on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行上旧文件名不一致"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:957
+#, c-format
+msgid "git apply: bad git-diff - expected /dev/null on line %d"
+msgstr "git apply：错误的 git-diff - 第 %d 行处应为 /dev/null"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1420
+#, c-format
+msgid "recount: unexpected line: %.*s"
+msgstr "recount：意外的行：%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1477
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch fragment without header at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "第 %d 行的补丁片段没有头信息：%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1494
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"component (line %d)"
+msgid_plural ""
+"git diff header lacks filename information when removing %d leading pathname "
+"components (line %d)"
+msgstr[0] "当移除 %d 个前导路径后 git diff 头缺乏文件名信息（第 %d 行）"
+msgstr[1] "当移除 %d 个前导路径后 git diff 头缺乏文件名信息（第 %d 行）"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1654
+msgid "new file depends on old contents"
+msgstr "新文件依赖旧内容"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1656
+msgid "deleted file still has contents"
+msgstr "删除的文件仍有内容"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1682
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch at line %d"
+msgstr "补丁在第 %d 行损坏"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1718
+#, c-format
+msgid "new file %s depends on old contents"
+msgstr "新文件 %s 依赖旧内容"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1720
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleted file %s still has contents"
+msgstr "删除的文件 %s 仍有内容"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1723
+#, c-format
+msgid "** warning: file %s becomes empty but is not deleted"
+msgstr "** 警告：文件 %s 成为空文件但并未删除"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1869
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt binary patch at line %d: %.*s"
+msgstr "二进制补丁在第 %d 行损坏：%.*s"
+
+#. there has to be one hunk (forward hunk)
+#: builtin/apply.c:1898
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized binary patch at line %d"
+msgstr "未能识别的二进制补丁位于第 %d 行"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:1984
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch with only garbage at line %d"
+msgstr "补丁文件的第 %d 行只有垃圾数据"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2074
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read symlink %s"
+msgstr "无法读取符号链接 %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2078
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to open or read %s"
+msgstr "不能打开或读取 %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2149
+msgid "oops"
+msgstr "哎哟"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2671
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid start of line: '%c'"
+msgstr "无效的行首字符：'%c'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d line)."
+msgid_plural "Hunk #%d succeeded at %d (offset %d lines)."
+msgstr[0] "块 #%d 成功应用于 %d (偏移 %d 行）"
+msgstr[1] "块 #%d 成功应用于 %d (偏移 %d 行）"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2801
+#, c-format
+msgid "Context reduced to (%ld/%ld) to apply fragment at %d"
+msgstr "上下文减少到（%ld/%ld）以在第 %d 行应用补丁片段"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2807
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"while searching for:\n"
+"%.*s"
+msgstr ""
+"当查询：\n"
+"%.*s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2826
+#, c-format
+msgid "missing binary patch data for '%s'"
+msgstr "缺失 '%s' 的二进制补丁数据"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2929
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch does not apply to '%s'"
+msgstr "二进制补丁未应用到 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2935
+#, c-format
+msgid "binary patch to '%s' creates incorrect result (expecting %s, got %s)"
+msgstr "到 '%s' 的二进制补丁产生了不正确的结果（应为 %s，却为 %s）"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:2956
+#, c-format
+msgid "patch failed: %s:%ld"
+msgstr "打补丁失败：%s:%ld"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3078
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot checkout %s"
+msgstr "不能检出 %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3123 builtin/apply.c:3132 builtin/apply.c:3176
+#, c-format
+msgid "read of %s failed"
+msgstr "读取 %s 失败"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3156 builtin/apply.c:3378
+#, c-format
+msgid "path %s has been renamed/deleted"
+msgstr "路径 %s 已经被重命名/删除"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3237 builtin/apply.c:3392
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not exist in index"
+msgstr "%s：不存在于索引中"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3241 builtin/apply.c:3384 builtin/apply.c:3406
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s"
+msgstr "%s：%s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3246 builtin/apply.c:3400
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: does not match index"
+msgstr "%s：和索引不匹配"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3348
+msgid "removal patch leaves file contents"
+msgstr "移除补丁仍留下了文件内容"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3417
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: wrong type"
+msgstr "%s：错误类型"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3419
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s has type %o, expected %o"
+msgstr "%s 的类型是 %o，应为 %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3520
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in index"
+msgstr "%s：已经存在于索引中"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3523
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: already exists in working directory"
+msgstr "%s：已经存在于工作区中"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3543
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o)"
+msgstr "%2$s 的新模式（%1$o）和旧模式（%3$o）不匹配"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3548
+#, c-format
+msgid "new mode (%o) of %s does not match old mode (%o) of %s"
+msgstr "%2$s 的新模式（%1$o）和 %4$s 的旧模式（%3$o）不匹配"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3556
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: patch does not apply"
+msgstr "%s：补丁未应用"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking patch %s..."
+msgstr "检查补丁 %s..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3624 builtin/checkout.c:215 builtin/reset.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "make_cache_entry failed for path '%s'"
+msgstr "对路径 '%s' 的 make_cache_entry 操作失败"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3767
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to remove %s from index"
+msgstr "不能从索引中移除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3795
+#, c-format
+msgid "corrupt patch for subproject %s"
+msgstr "子项目 %s 损坏的补丁"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3799
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to stat newly created file '%s'"
+msgstr "不能枚举新建文件 '%s' 的状态"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3804
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create backing store for newly created file %s"
+msgstr "不能为新建文件 %s 创建后端存储"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3807 builtin/apply.c:3915
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to add cache entry for %s"
+msgstr "无法为 %s 添加缓存条目"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3840
+#, c-format
+msgid "closing file '%s'"
+msgstr "关闭文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3889
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write file '%s' mode %o"
+msgstr "不能写文件 '%s' 权限 %o"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3976
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applied patch %s cleanly."
+msgstr "成功应用补丁 %s。"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3984
+msgid "internal error"
+msgstr "内部错误"
+
+#. Say this even without --verbose
+#: builtin/apply.c:3987
+#, c-format
+msgid "Applying patch %%s with %d reject..."
+msgid_plural "Applying patch %%s with %d rejects..."
+msgstr[0] "应用 %%s 个补丁，其中 %d 个被拒绝..."
+msgstr[1] "应用 %%s 个补丁，其中 %d 个被拒绝..."
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:3997
+#, c-format
+msgid "truncating .rej filename to %.*s.rej"
+msgstr "截短 .rej 文件名为 %.*s.rej"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4018
+#, c-format
+msgid "Hunk #%d applied cleanly."
+msgstr "第 #%d 个片段成功应用。"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4021
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rejected hunk #%d."
+msgstr "拒绝第 #%d 个片段。"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4171
+msgid "unrecognized input"
+msgstr "未能识别的输入"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4182
+msgid "unable to read index file"
+msgstr "无法读取索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4301 builtin/apply.c:4304 builtin/clone.c:91
+#: builtin/fetch.c:63
+msgid "path"
+msgstr "路径"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4302
+msgid "don't apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "不要应用与给出路径向匹配的变更"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4305
+msgid "apply changes matching the given path"
+msgstr "应用与给出路径向匹配的变更"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4307
+msgid "num"
+msgstr "数字"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4308
+msgid "remove <num> leading slashes from traditional diff paths"
+msgstr "从传统的 diff 路径中移除 <数字> 个前导路径"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4311
+msgid "ignore additions made by the patch"
+msgstr "忽略补丁中的添加的文件"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4313
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output diffstat for the input"
+msgstr "不应用补丁，而是显示输入的差异统计（diffstat）"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4317
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show number of added and deleted lines in decimal notation"
+msgstr "以数字方式显示添加或删除行的数量"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4319
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, output a summary for the input"
+msgstr "不应用补丁，而是显示输入的概要"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4321
+msgid "instead of applying the patch, see if the patch is applicable"
+msgstr "不应用补丁，而是查看补丁是否可应用"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4323
+msgid "make sure the patch is applicable to the current index"
+msgstr "确认补丁可以应用到当前索引"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4325
+msgid "apply a patch without touching the working tree"
+msgstr "应用补丁而不修改工作区"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4327
+msgid "also apply the patch (use with --stat/--summary/--check)"
+msgstr "还应用此补丁（与 --stat/--summary/--check 选项同时使用）"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4329
+msgid "attempt three-way merge if a patch does not apply"
+msgstr "如果一个补丁不能应用则尝试三路合并"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4331
+msgid "build a temporary index based on embedded index information"
+msgstr "创建一个临时索引基于嵌入的索引信息"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4333 builtin/checkout-index.c:197 builtin/ls-files.c:460
+msgid "paths are separated with NUL character"
+msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4336
+msgid "ensure at least <n> lines of context match"
+msgstr "确保至少匹配 <n> 行上下文"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4337
+msgid "action"
+msgstr "动作"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4338
+msgid "detect new or modified lines that have whitespace errors"
+msgstr "检查新增和修改的行中间的空白字符滥用"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4341 builtin/apply.c:4344
+msgid "ignore changes in whitespace when finding context"
+msgstr "查找上下文时忽略空白字符的变更"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4347
+msgid "apply the patch in reverse"
+msgstr "反向应用补丁"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4349
+msgid "don't expect at least one line of context"
+msgstr "无需至少一行上下文"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4351
+msgid "leave the rejected hunks in corresponding *.rej files"
+msgstr "将拒绝的补丁片段保存在对应的 *.rej 文件中"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4353
+msgid "allow overlapping hunks"
+msgstr "允许重叠的补丁片段"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4356
+msgid "tolerate incorrectly detected missing new-line at the end of file"
+msgstr "允许不正确的文件末尾换行符"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4359
+msgid "do not trust the line counts in the hunk headers"
+msgstr "不信任补丁片段的头信息中的行号"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4361
+msgid "root"
+msgstr "根目录"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4362
+msgid "prepend <root> to all filenames"
+msgstr "为所有文件名前添加 <根目录>"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4384
+msgid "--3way outside a repository"
+msgstr "--3way 在一个版本库之外"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4392
+msgid "--index outside a repository"
+msgstr "--index 在一个版本库之外"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4395
+msgid "--cached outside a repository"
+msgstr "--cached 在一个版本库之外"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4411
+#, c-format
+msgid "can't open patch '%s'"
+msgstr "不能打开补丁 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4425
+#, c-format
+msgid "squelched %d whitespace error"
+msgid_plural "squelched %d whitespace errors"
+msgstr[0] "抑制下仍有 %d 个空白字符误用"
+msgstr[1] "抑制下仍有 %d 个空白字符误用"
+
+#: builtin/apply.c:4431 builtin/apply.c:4441
+#, c-format
+msgid "%d line adds whitespace errors."
+msgid_plural "%d lines add whitespace errors."
+msgstr[0] "%d 行有空白字符误用。"
+msgstr[1] "%d 行有空白字符误用。"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:17
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create archive file '%s'"
+msgstr "不能创建归档文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:20
+msgid "could not redirect output"
+msgstr "不能重定向输出"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:37
+msgid "git archive: Remote with no URL"
+msgstr "git archive：未提供远程URL"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:58
+msgid "git archive: expected ACK/NAK, got EOF"
+msgstr "git archive：应为ACK/NACK，却得到EOF"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "git archive: NACK %s"
+msgstr "git archive：NACK %s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote error: %s"
+msgstr "远程错误：%s"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:66
+msgid "git archive: protocol error"
+msgstr "git archive：协议错误"
+
+#: builtin/archive.c:71
+msgid "git archive: expected a flush"
+msgstr "git archive：应为刷新"
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:7
+msgid "git bisect--helper --next-all [--no-checkout]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:17
+msgid "perform 'git bisect next'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bisect--helper.c:19
+msgid "update BISECT_HEAD instead of checking out the current commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:25
+msgid "git blame [options] [rev-opts] [rev] [--] file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:30 builtin/shortlog.c:15
+msgid "[rev-opts] are documented in git-rev-list(1)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2316
+msgid "Show blame entries as we find them, incrementally"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2317
+msgid "Show blank SHA-1 for boundary commits (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2318
+msgid "Do not treat root commits as boundaries (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2319
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Show work cost statistics"
+msgstr "显示工作区状态"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2320
+msgid "Show output score for blame entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2321
+msgid "Show original filename (Default: auto)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2322
+msgid "Show original linenumber (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2323
+msgid "Show in a format designed for machine consumption"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2324
+msgid "Show porcelain format with per-line commit information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2325
+msgid "Use the same output mode as git-annotate (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2326
+msgid "Show raw timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2327
+msgid "Show long commit SHA1 (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2328
+msgid "Suppress author name and timestamp (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2329
+msgid "Show author email instead of name (Default: off)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2330
+msgid "Ignore whitespace differences"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2331
+msgid "Spend extra cycles to find better match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2332
+msgid "Use revisions from <file> instead of calling git-rev-list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2333
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Use <file>'s contents as the final image"
+msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2334 builtin/blame.c:2335
+msgid "score"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2334
+msgid "Find line copies within and across files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2335
+msgid "Find line movements within and across files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2336
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "n,m"
+msgstr "数字"
+
+#: builtin/blame.c:2336
+msgid "Process only line range n,m, counting from 1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:23
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r | -a] [--merged | --no-merged]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:24
+msgid "git branch [options] [-l] [-f] <branchname> [<start-point>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:25
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git branch [options] [-r] (-d | -D) <branchname>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:26
+msgid "git branch [options] (-m | -M) [<oldbranch>] <newbranch>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#  译者：保持原换行格式，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串变长
+#: builtin/branch.c:145
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"deleting branch '%s' that has been merged to\n"
+"         '%s', but not yet merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"将要删除的分支 '%s' 已经被合并到\n"
+"         '%s'，但未合并到 HEAD。"
+
+#  译者：保持原换行格式，在输出时 %s 的替代内容会让字符串变长
+#: builtin/branch.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"not deleting branch '%s' that is not yet merged to\n"
+"         '%s', even though it is merged to HEAD."
+msgstr ""
+"并未删除分支 '%s'， 虽然它已经合并到 HEAD，\n"
+"         然而却尚未被合并到分支 '%s' 。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:181
+msgid "cannot use -a with -d"
+msgstr "不能将 -a 和 -d 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:187
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for HEAD"
+msgstr "无法查询 HEAD 指向的提交对象"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot delete the branch '%s' which you are currently on."
+msgstr "无法删除您当前所在的分支 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:203
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "远程分支 '%s' 未发现。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:204
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' not found."
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 未发现。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:211
+#, c-format
+msgid "Couldn't look up commit object for '%s'"
+msgstr "无法查询 '%s' 指向的提交对象"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The branch '%s' is not fully merged.\n"
+"If you are sure you want to delete it, run 'git branch -D %s'."
+msgstr ""
+"分支 '%s' 没有完全合并。\n"
+"如果您确认要删除它，执行 'git branch -D %s'。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:226
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting remote branch '%s'"
+msgstr "删除远程分支 '%s' 时出错"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Error deleting branch '%s'"
+msgstr "删除分支 '%s' 时出错"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted remote branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "已删除远程分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:235
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted branch %s (was %s).\n"
+msgstr "已删除分支 %s（曾为 %s）。\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:240
+msgid "Update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:338
+#, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not point at a commit"
+msgstr "分支 '%s' 未指向一个提交"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:410
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s：落后 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:412
+#, c-format
+msgid "[behind %d]"
+msgstr "[落后 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:416
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[%s：领先 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:418
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d]"
+msgstr "[领先 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:421
+#, c-format
+msgid "[%s: ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[%s：领先 %d，落后 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:424
+#, c-format
+msgid "[ahead %d, behind %d]"
+msgstr "[领先 %d，落后 %d]"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:537
+msgid "(no branch)"
+msgstr "（非分支）"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:602
+msgid "some refs could not be read"
+msgstr "一些引用不能读取"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:615
+msgid "cannot rename the current branch while not on any."
+msgstr "无法重命名当前分支因为不处于任何分支上。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:625
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid branch name: '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的分支名：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:640
+msgid "Branch rename failed"
+msgstr "分支重命名失败"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:644
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renamed a misnamed branch '%s' away"
+msgstr "重命名掉一个错误命名的旧分支 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:648
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch renamed to %s, but HEAD is not updated!"
+msgstr "分支重命名为 %s，但 HEAD 没有更新！"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:655
+msgid "Branch is renamed, but update of config-file failed"
+msgstr "分支被重命名，但更新 config 文件失败"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:670
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name %s"
+msgstr "非法的对象名 %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not write branch description template: %s"
+msgstr "不能写分支描述模版：%s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:724
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Generic options"
+msgstr "无效选项：%s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:726
+msgid "show hash and subject, give twice for upstream branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:727
+msgid "suppress informational messages"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:728
+msgid "set up tracking mode (see git-pull(1))"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:730
+msgid "change upstream info"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:734
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "use colored output"
+msgstr "不能输出重定向"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:735
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "act on remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "%s 没有来自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:738 builtin/branch.c:744 builtin/branch.c:765
+#: builtin/branch.c:771 builtin/commit.c:1395 builtin/commit.c:1396
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397 builtin/commit.c:1398 builtin/tag.c:470
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "commit"
+msgstr "（坏提交）\n"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:739 builtin/branch.c:745
+msgid "print only branches that contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:751
+msgid "Specific git-branch actions:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:752
+msgid "list both remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:754
+msgid "delete fully merged branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:755
+msgid "delete branch (even if not merged)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:756
+msgid "move/rename a branch and its reflog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:757
+msgid "move/rename a branch, even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:758
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "list branch names"
+msgstr "无效的分支名：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:759
+msgid "create the branch's reflog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:761
+msgid "edit the description for the branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:762
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "force creation (when already exists)"
+msgstr "远程 %s 已经存在。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:765
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "print only not merged branches"
+msgstr "无法移除分支 %s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:771
+msgid "print only merged branches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:775
+msgid "list branches in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:788
+msgid "Failed to resolve HEAD as a valid ref."
+msgstr "无法将 HEAD 解析为有效引用。"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:793 builtin/clone.c:561
+msgid "HEAD not found below refs/heads!"
+msgstr "HEAD 没有位于 /refs/heads 之下！"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:813
+msgid "--column and --verbose are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column 和 --verbose 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:864
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "branch '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "版本库 '%s' 不存在"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:876
+#, c-format
+msgid "Branch '%s' has no upstream information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:891
+msgid "-a and -r options to 'git branch' do not make sense with a branch name"
+msgstr "'git branch' 的 -a 和 -r 选项带一个分支名参数没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:894
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --"
+"track or --set-upstream-to\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:911
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"If you wanted to make '%s' track '%s', do this:\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:912
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "    git branch -d %s\n"
+msgstr "  HEAD分支：%s"
+
+#: builtin/branch.c:913
+#, c-format
+msgid "    git branch --set-upstream-to %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:47
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is okay\n"
+msgstr "%s 可以\n"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:56
+msgid "Need a repository to create a bundle."
+msgstr "需要一个版本库来创建包。"
+
+#: builtin/bundle.c:60
+msgid "Need a repository to unbundle."
+msgstr "需要一个版本库来解包。"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:247
+msgid "git cat-file (-t|-s|-e|-p|<type>|--textconv) <object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:248
+msgid "git cat-file (--batch|--batch-check) < <list_of_objects>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:266
+msgid "<type> can be one of: blob, tree, commit, tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:267
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show object type"
+msgstr "坏的对象类型。"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:268
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show object size"
+msgstr "坏对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:270
+msgid "exit with zero when there's no error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:271
+msgid "pretty-print object's content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:273
+msgid "for blob objects, run textconv on object's content"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:275
+msgid "show info and content of objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/cat-file.c:278
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show info about objects fed from the standard input"
+msgstr "不能从标准输入中读取日志信息"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:11
+msgid "git check-attr [-a | --all | attr...] [--] pathname..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:12
+msgid "git check-attr --stdin [-a | --all | attr...] < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:19
+msgid "report all attributes set on file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:20
+msgid "use .gitattributes only from the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:21 builtin/hash-object.c:75
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read file names from stdin"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/check-attr.c:23
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "input paths are terminated by a null character"
+msgstr "路径以 NUL 字符分隔"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:126
+msgid "git checkout-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:187
+msgid "check out all files in the index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:188
+msgid "force overwrite of existing files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:190
+msgid "no warning for existing files and files not in index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:192
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't checkout new files"
+msgstr "不能检出 %s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:194
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "update stat information in the index file"
+msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:200
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read list of paths from the standard input"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:202
+msgid "write the content to temporary files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:203 builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "string"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:204
+msgid "when creating files, prepend <string>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout-index.c:207
+msgid "copy out the files from named stage"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:25
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git checkout [options] <branch>"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:26
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git checkout [options] [<branch>] -- <file>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:116 builtin/checkout.c:149
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have our version"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有我们的版本"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:118 builtin/checkout.c:151
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have their version"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有他们的版本"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:134
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have all necessary versions"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有全部必须的版本"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:178
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' does not have necessary versions"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 没有必须的版本"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:195
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s': cannot merge"
+msgstr "path '%s'：无法合并"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unable to add merge result for '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为 '%s' 添加合并结果"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:236 builtin/checkout.c:239 builtin/checkout.c:242
+#: builtin/checkout.c:245
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with updating paths"
+msgstr "%s：%s 不能和 %s 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:248 builtin/checkout.c:251
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s：%s 不能和 %s 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:265 builtin/checkout.c:426
+msgid "corrupt index file"
+msgstr "损坏的索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:295 builtin/checkout.c:302
+#, c-format
+msgid "path '%s' is unmerged"
+msgstr "路径 '%s' 未合并"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:333 builtin/checkout.c:534 builtin/clone.c:586
+#: builtin/merge.c:811
+msgid "unable to write new index file"
+msgstr "无法写新的索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:448
+msgid "you need to resolve your current index first"
+msgstr "您需要先解决当前索引的冲突"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:569
+#, c-format
+msgid "Can not do reflog for '%s'\n"
+msgstr "不能对 '%s' 执行 reflog 操作\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:602
+msgid "HEAD is now at"
+msgstr "HEAD 目前位于"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:609
+#, c-format
+msgid "Reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "重置分支 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:612
+#, c-format
+msgid "Already on '%s'\n"
+msgstr "已经位于 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:616
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to and reset branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "切换并重置分支 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:618
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to a new branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "切换到一个新分支 '%s'\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:620
+#, c-format
+msgid "Switched to branch '%s'\n"
+msgstr "切换到分支 '%s'\n"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/checkout.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid " ... and %d more.\n"
+msgstr " ... 及其它 %d 个。\n"
+
+#. The singular version
+#: builtin/checkout.c:682
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commit behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Warning: you are leaving %d commits behind, not connected to\n"
+"any of your branches:\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[0] ""
+"警告：您正丢下 %d 个提交，未和任何分支关联：\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+msgstr[1] ""
+"警告：您正丢下 %d 个提交，未和任何分支关联：\n"
+"\n"
+"%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:700
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"If you want to keep them by creating a new branch, this may be a good time\n"
+"to do so with:\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+msgstr ""
+"如果您想要通过创建新分支保存他们，这可能是一个好时候。\n"
+"如下操作：\n"
+"\n"
+" git branch new_branch_name %s\n"
+"\n"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:730
+msgid "internal error in revision walk"
+msgstr "在版本遍历时遇到内部错误"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:734
+msgid "Previous HEAD position was"
+msgstr "之前的 HEAD 位置是"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:761 builtin/checkout.c:950
+msgid "You are on a branch yet to be born"
+msgstr "您位于一个尚未初始化的分支"
+
+#. case (1)
+#: builtin/checkout.c:886
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid reference: %s"
+msgstr "无效引用：%s"
+
+#. case (1): want a tree
+#: builtin/checkout.c:925
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference is not a tree: %s"
+msgstr "引用不是一个树：%s"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:961
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "paths cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "--ours/--theirs 和切换分支不兼容。"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:964 builtin/checkout.c:968
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with switching branches"
+msgstr "%s：%s 不能和 %s 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:972 builtin/checkout.c:975 builtin/checkout.c:980
+#: builtin/checkout.c:983
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "'%s' cannot be used with '%s'"
+msgstr "%s：%s 不能和 %s 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:988
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "Cannot switch branch to a non-commit '%s'"
+msgstr "无法切换分支到一个非提交。"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1009 builtin/gc.c:177
+msgid "suppress progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1010 builtin/checkout.c:1012 builtin/clone.c:89
+#: builtin/remote.c:169 builtin/remote.c:171
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "branch"
+msgstr "位于分支 "
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1011
+msgid "create and checkout a new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1013
+msgid "create/reset and checkout a branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1014
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "create reflog for new branch"
+msgstr "列出、创建或删除分支"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1015
+msgid "detach the HEAD at named commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1016
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "set upstream info for new branch"
+msgstr "尚未给分支 '%s' 设置上游"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "new branch"
+msgstr "[新分支]"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1018
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "new unparented branch"
+msgstr "没有当前分支。"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1019
+msgid "checkout our version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1021
+msgid "checkout their version for unmerged files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1023
+msgid "force checkout (throw away local modifications)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1024
+msgid "perform a 3-way merge with the new branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1025 builtin/merge.c:215
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "update ignored files (default)"
+msgstr "更新文件失败"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1026 builtin/log.c:1111 parse-options.h:241
+msgid "style"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1027
+msgid "conflict style (merge or diff3)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1030
+msgid "second guess 'git checkout no-such-branch'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1054
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "-b, -B and --orphan are mutually exclusive"
+msgstr "-n 和 -k 互斥。"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1071
+msgid "--track needs a branch name"
+msgstr "--track 需要一个分支名"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1078
+msgid "Missing branch name; try -b"
+msgstr "缺少分支名；尝试 -b"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1113
+msgid "invalid path specification"
+msgstr "无效的路径规格"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1120
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot update paths and switch to branch '%s' at the same time.\n"
+"Did you intend to checkout '%s' which can not be resolved as commit?"
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout：更新路径和切换分支不兼容。\n"
+"您是想要检出 '%s' 但未能将其解析为提交么？"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1125
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "git checkout: --detach does not take a path argument '%s'"
+msgstr "git checkout：--detach 不跟路径参数"
+
+#: builtin/checkout.c:1129
+msgid ""
+"git checkout: --ours/--theirs, --force and --merge are incompatible when\n"
+"checking out of the index."
+msgstr ""
+"git checkout：在从索引检出时，--ours/--theirs、--force 和 --merge 不兼容。"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:19
+msgid "git clean [-d] [-f] [-n] [-q] [-e <pattern>] [-x | -X] [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:51
+msgid "do not print names of files removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:53
+msgid "force"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:55
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "remove whole directories"
+msgstr "两个输出目录？"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:56 builtin/describe.c:413 builtin/grep.c:802
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:491 builtin/name-rev.c:231 builtin/show-ref.c:199
+msgid "pattern"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:57
+msgid "add <pattern> to ignore rules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:58
+msgid "remove ignored files, too"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:60
+msgid "remove only ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:78
+msgid "-x and -X cannot be used together"
+msgstr "-x 和 -X 不能同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:82
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce set to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce 设置为 true 且未提供 -n 或 -f 选项，拒绝执行清理动作"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:85
+msgid ""
+"clean.requireForce defaults to true and neither -n nor -f given; refusing to "
+"clean"
+msgstr ""
+"clean.requireForce 默认为 true 且未提供 -n 或 -f 选项，拒绝执行清理动作"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:155 builtin/clean.c:176
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would remove %s\n"
+msgstr "将删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:159 builtin/clean.c:179
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing %s\n"
+msgstr "正删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:162 builtin/clean.c:182
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to remove %s"
+msgstr "无法删除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:166
+#, c-format
+msgid "Would not remove %s\n"
+msgstr "不会删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clean.c:168
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not removing %s\n"
+msgstr "未删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:36
+msgid "git clone [options] [--] <repo> [<dir>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:64 builtin/fetch.c:82 builtin/merge.c:212
+#: builtin/push.c:399
+msgid "force progress reporting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:66
+msgid "don't create a checkout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:67 builtin/clone.c:69 builtin/init-db.c:488
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "create a bare repository"
+msgstr "不是一个 git 版本库"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:72
+msgid "create a mirror repository (implies bare)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:74
+msgid "to clone from a local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:76
+msgid "don't use local hardlinks, always copy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:78
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "setup as shared repository"
+msgstr "不是一个 git 版本库"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:80 builtin/clone.c:82
+msgid "initialize submodules in the clone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:83 builtin/init-db.c:485
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "template-directory"
+msgstr "文件/目录"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:84 builtin/init-db.c:486
+msgid "directory from which templates will be used"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:86
+msgid "reference repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:87 builtin/column.c:26 builtin/merge-file.c:44
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "name"
+msgstr "重命名"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:88
+msgid "use <name> instead of 'origin' to track upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:90
+msgid "checkout <branch> instead of the remote's HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:92
+msgid "path to git-upload-pack on the remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:93 builtin/fetch.c:83 builtin/grep.c:747
+msgid "depth"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:94
+msgid "create a shallow clone of that depth"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:96
+msgid "clone only one branch, HEAD or --branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:97 builtin/init-db.c:494
+msgid "gitdir"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:98 builtin/init-db.c:495
+msgid "separate git dir from working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:99
+msgid "key=value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:100
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "set config inside the new repository"
+msgstr "记录变更到版本库"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "reference repository '%s' is not a local directory."
+msgstr "引用版本库 '%s' 不是一个本地目录。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:306
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "无法创建目录 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:308 builtin/diff.c:77
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat '%s'"
+msgstr "无法枚举 '%s' 状态"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:310
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s exists and is not a directory"
+msgstr "%s 存在且不是一个目录"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:324
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to stat %s\n"
+msgstr "无法枚举 %s 状态\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:346
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to create link '%s'"
+msgstr "无法创建链接 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to copy file to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法拷贝文件至 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:373
+#, c-format
+msgid "done.\n"
+msgstr "完成。\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:443
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find remote branch %s to clone."
+msgstr "不能发现要克隆的远程分支 %s。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:552
+msgid "remote HEAD refers to nonexistent ref, unable to checkout.\n"
+msgstr "远程 HEAD 指向一个不存在的引用，无法检出。\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:642
+msgid "Too many arguments."
+msgstr "太多参数。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:646
+msgid "You must specify a repository to clone."
+msgstr "您必须指定一个版本库来克隆。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:657
+#, c-format
+msgid "--bare and --origin %s options are incompatible."
+msgstr "--bare 和 --origin %s 选项不兼容。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:671
+#, c-format
+msgid "repository '%s' does not exist"
+msgstr "版本库 '%s' 不存在"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:676
+msgid "--depth is ignored in local clones; use file:// instead."
+msgstr "--depth 在本地克隆被忽略，改为 file:// 协议试试。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "destination path '%s' already exists and is not an empty directory."
+msgstr "目标路径 '%s' 已经存在，并且不是一个空目录。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:696
+#, c-format
+msgid "working tree '%s' already exists."
+msgstr "工作区 '%s' 已经存在。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:709 builtin/clone.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create leading directories of '%s'"
+msgstr "不能为 '%s' 创建先导目录"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:712
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create work tree dir '%s'."
+msgstr "不能为 '%s' 创建工作区目录。"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into bare repository '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "克隆到裸版本库 '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:733
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cloning into '%s'...\n"
+msgstr "正克隆到 '%s'...\n"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:789
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to clone %s"
+msgstr "不知道如何克隆 %s"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:838
+#, c-format
+msgid "Remote branch %s not found in upstream %s"
+msgstr "远程分支 %s 在上游 %s 未发现"
+
+#: builtin/clone.c:845
+msgid "You appear to have cloned an empty repository."
+msgstr "您似乎克隆了一个空版本库。"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:9
+msgid "git column [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:26
+msgid "lookup config vars"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:27 builtin/column.c:28
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "layout to use"
+msgstr "本地已过时"
+
+#: builtin/column.c:29
+msgid "Maximum width"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:30
+msgid "Padding space on left border"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:31
+msgid "Padding space on right border"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:32
+msgid "Padding space between columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/column.c:51
+msgid "--command must be the first argument"
+msgstr "--command 必须是第一个参数"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:33
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git commit [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:38
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git status [options] [--] <filepattern>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:43
+msgid ""
+"Your name and email address were configured automatically based\n"
+"on your username and hostname. Please check that they are accurate.\n"
+"You can suppress this message by setting them explicitly:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"After doing this, you may fix the identity used for this commit with:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您的姓名和邮件地址基于登录名和主机名进行了自动设置。请检查它们正确\n"
+"与否。您可以通过下面的命令对其进行明确地设置以免再出现本提示信息：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git config --global user.name \"Your Name\"\n"
+"    git config --global user.email you@example.com\n"
+"\n"
+"设置完毕后，您可以用下面的命令来修正本次提交所使用的用户身份：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --amend --reset-author\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:55
+msgid ""
+"You asked to amend the most recent commit, but doing so would make\n"
+"it empty. You can repeat your command with --allow-empty, or you can\n"
+"remove the commit entirely with \"git reset HEAD^\".\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您要修补最近的提交，但这么做会让它成为空提交。您可以重复您的命令并带上\n"
+"--allow-empty 选项，或者您可用命令 \"git reset HEAD^\" 整个删除该提交。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:60
+msgid ""
+"The previous cherry-pick is now empty, possibly due to conflict resolution.\n"
+"If you wish to commit it anyway, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"Otherwise, please use 'git reset'\n"
+msgstr ""
+"之前的拣选操作现在是一个空提交，可能是由冲突解决导致的。如果您无论如何\n"
+"也要提交，使用命令：\n"
+"\n"
+"    git commit --allow-empty\n"
+"\n"
+"否则，请使用命令 'git reset'\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:256
+msgid "failed to unpack HEAD tree object"
+msgstr "无法解包 HEAD 树对象"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:298
+msgid "unable to create temporary index"
+msgstr "不能创建临时索引"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:304
+msgid "interactive add failed"
+msgstr "交互式添加失败"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:337 builtin/commit.c:358 builtin/commit.c:408
+msgid "unable to write new_index file"
+msgstr "无法写 new_index 文件"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:389
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a merge."
+msgstr "在合并过程中不能做部分提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:391
+msgid "cannot do a partial commit during a cherry-pick."
+msgstr "在拣选过程中不能做部分提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:401
+msgid "cannot read the index"
+msgstr "无法读取索引"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:421
+msgid "unable to write temporary index file"
+msgstr "无法写临时索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:510 builtin/commit.c:516
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid commit: %s"
+msgstr "无效的提交：%s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:539
+msgid "malformed --author parameter"
+msgstr "非法的 --author 参数"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:600
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed ident string: '%s'"
+msgstr "非法的身份字符串：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:638 builtin/commit.c:671 builtin/commit.c:985
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not lookup commit %s"
+msgstr "不能查询提交 %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:650 builtin/shortlog.c:296
+#, c-format
+msgid "(reading log message from standard input)\n"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:652
+msgid "could not read log from standard input"
+msgstr "不能从标准输入中读取日志信息"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read log file '%s'"
+msgstr "不能读取日志文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:662
+msgid "commit has empty message"
+msgstr "提交说明为空"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:678
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MSG"
+msgstr "不能读取 MERGE_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:682
+msgid "could not read SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "不能读取 SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read '%s'"
+msgstr "不能读取 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:738
+msgid "could not write commit template"
+msgstr "不能写提交模版"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:749
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a merge.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"似乎您正在做一个合并提交。如果不对，请删除文件\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"然后重试。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:754
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"It looks like you may be committing a cherry-pick.\n"
+"If this is not correct, please remove the file\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"and try again.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"似乎您正在做一个拣选提交。如果不对，请删除文件\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"然后重试。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:766
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"请为您的变更输入提交说明。以 '#' 开始的行将被忽略，而一个空的提交\n"
+"说明将会终止提交。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:771
+msgid ""
+"Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting\n"
+"with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you want to.\n"
+"An empty message aborts the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"请为您的变更输入提交说明。以 '#' 开始的行将被保留，您可以删除它们\n"
+"如果您想这样做的话。而一个空的提交说明将会终止提交。\n"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: builtin/commit.c:784
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sAuthor:    %s"
+msgstr "%s作者：     %s"
+
+#  译者：为保证在输出中对齐，注意调整句中空格！
+#: builtin/commit.c:791
+#, c-format
+msgid "%sCommitter: %s"
+msgstr "%s提交者：   %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:811
+msgid "Cannot read index"
+msgstr "无法读取索引"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:848
+msgid "Error building trees"
+msgstr "无法创建树对象"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:863 builtin/tag.c:361
+#, c-format
+msgid "Please supply the message using either -m or -F option.\n"
+msgstr "请使用 -m 或者 -F 选项提供提交说明。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:960
+#, c-format
+msgid "No existing author found with '%s'"
+msgstr "没有找到匹配 '%s' 的作者"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:975 builtin/commit.c:1175
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid untracked files mode '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的未追踪文件参数 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1015
+msgid "Using both --reset-author and --author does not make sense"
+msgstr "同时使用 --reset-author 和 --author 没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1026
+msgid "You have nothing to amend."
+msgstr "您没有可修补的提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1029
+msgid "You are in the middle of a merge -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "您正处于一个合并过程中 -- 无法修补提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1031
+msgid "You are in the middle of a cherry-pick -- cannot amend."
+msgstr "您正处于一个拣选过程中 -- 无法修补提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1034
+msgid "Options --squash and --fixup cannot be used together"
+msgstr "选项 --squash 和 --fixup 不能同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1044
+msgid "Only one of -c/-C/-F/--fixup can be used."
+msgstr "只能用一个 -c/-C/-F/--fixup 选项。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1046
+msgid "Option -m cannot be combined with -c/-C/-F/--fixup."
+msgstr "选项 -m 不能和 -c/-C/-F/--fixup 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1054
+msgid "--reset-author can be used only with -C, -c or --amend."
+msgstr "--reset-author 只能和 -C、-c 或 --amend 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1071
+msgid "Only one of --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch can be used."
+msgstr "只能用一个 --include/--only/--all/--interactive/--patch 选项。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1073
+msgid "No paths with --include/--only does not make sense."
+msgstr "参数 --include/--only 不跟路径没有意义。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1075
+msgid "Clever... amending the last one with dirty index."
+msgstr "聪明... 在索引不干净下修补最后的提交。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1077
+msgid "Explicit paths specified without -i nor -o; assuming --only paths..."
+msgstr "指定了明确的路径而没有使用 -i 或 -o 选项；认为是 --only paths..."
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1087 builtin/tag.c:577
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid cleanup mode %s"
+msgstr "无效的清理模式 %s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1092
+msgid "Paths with -a does not make sense."
+msgstr "路径和 -a 选项同时使用没有意义。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1189 builtin/commit.c:1417
+msgid "show status concisely"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1191 builtin/commit.c:1419
+msgid "show branch information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1193 builtin/commit.c:1421 builtin/push.c:389
+msgid "machine-readable output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1196 builtin/commit.c:1423
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1198 builtin/commit.c:1426 builtin/fast-export.c:636
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:639 builtin/tag.c:461
+msgid "mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1199 builtin/commit.c:1426
+msgid "show untracked files, optional modes: all, normal, no. (Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1202
+msgid "show ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1203 parse-options.h:151
+msgid "when"
+msgstr "何时"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1204
+msgid ""
+"ignore changes to submodules, optional when: all, dirty, untracked. "
+"(Default: all)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1206
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "list untracked files in columns"
+msgstr "无效的未追踪文件参数 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1275
+msgid "couldn't look up newly created commit"
+msgstr "无法找到新创建的提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1277
+msgid "could not parse newly created commit"
+msgstr "不能解析新创建的提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1318
+msgid "detached HEAD"
+msgstr "分离头指针"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: builtin/commit.c:1320
+msgid " (root-commit)"
+msgstr "（根提交）"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1387
+msgid "suppress summary after successful commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1388
+msgid "show diff in commit message template"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1390
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Commit message options"
+msgstr "不能得到 %s 的提交说明"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1391 builtin/tag.c:459
+msgid "read message from file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+msgid "author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1392
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "override author for commit"
+msgstr "合并未返回提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393 builtin/gc.c:178
+msgid "date"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1393
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "override date for commit"
+msgstr "合并未返回提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394 builtin/merge.c:206 builtin/notes.c:534
+#: builtin/notes.c:691 builtin/tag.c:457
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "message"
+msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1394
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "commit message"
+msgstr "空提交信息。"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1395
+msgid "reuse and edit message from specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1396
+msgid "reuse message from specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1397
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to fixup specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1398
+msgid "use autosquash formatted message to squash specified commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1399
+msgid "the commit is authored by me now (used with -C/-c/--amend)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1400 builtin/log.c:1068 builtin/revert.c:109
+msgid "add Signed-off-by:"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1401
+msgid "use specified template file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1402
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "force edit of commit"
+msgstr "合并未返回提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1403
+msgid "default"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1403 builtin/tag.c:462
+msgid "how to strip spaces and #comments from message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1404
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "include status in commit message template"
+msgstr "不能写提交模版"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1405 builtin/merge.c:213 builtin/tag.c:463
+msgid "key id"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1406 builtin/merge.c:214
+msgid "GPG sign commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#. end commit message options
+#: builtin/commit.c:1409
+msgid "Commit contents options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1410
+msgid "commit all changed files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1411
+msgid "add specified files to index for commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1412
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "interactively add files"
+msgstr "交互式添加失败"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1413
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "interactively add changes"
+msgstr "交互式添加失败"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1414
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "commit only specified files"
+msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1415
+msgid "bypass pre-commit hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1416
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show what would be committed"
+msgstr "要提交的变更："
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1424
+msgid "amend previous commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1425
+msgid "bypass post-rewrite hook"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1430
+msgid "ok to record an empty change"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1433
+msgid "ok to record a change with an empty message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1464
+msgid "could not parse HEAD commit"
+msgstr "不能解析 HEAD 提交"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1502 builtin/merge.c:508
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open '%s' for reading"
+msgstr "不能为读入打开 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1509
+#, c-format
+msgid "Corrupt MERGE_HEAD file (%s)"
+msgstr "损坏的 MERGE_HEAD 文件（%s）"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1516
+msgid "could not read MERGE_MODE"
+msgstr "不能读取 MERGE_MODE"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1535
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not read commit message: %s"
+msgstr "不能读取提交说明：%s"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1549
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit; you did not edit the message.\n"
+msgstr "终止提交；您未更改来自模版的提交说明。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1554
+#, c-format
+msgid "Aborting commit due to empty commit message.\n"
+msgstr "终止提交因为提交说明为空。\n"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1569 builtin/merge.c:935 builtin/merge.c:960
+msgid "failed to write commit object"
+msgstr "无法写提交对象"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1590
+msgid "cannot lock HEAD ref"
+msgstr "无法锁定 HEAD 引用"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1594
+msgid "cannot update HEAD ref"
+msgstr "无法更新 HEAD 引用"
+
+#: builtin/commit.c:1605
+msgid ""
+"Repository has been updated, but unable to write\n"
+"new_index file. Check that disk is not full or quota is\n"
+"not exceeded, and then \"git reset HEAD\" to recover."
+msgstr ""
+"版本库已更新，但无法写 new_index 文件。检查是否磁盘已满\n"
+"或磁盘配额已耗尽，然后执行 \"git reset HEAD\" 恢复。"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:7
+msgid "git config [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:52
+msgid "Config file location"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:53
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "use global config file"
+msgstr "无法更新 config 文件"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:54
+msgid "use system config file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:55
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "use repository config file"
+msgstr "需要一个版本库来解包。"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:56
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "use given config file"
+msgstr "未预期的文件结束"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:57
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Action"
+msgstr "动作"
+
+#: builtin/config.c:58
+msgid "get value: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:59
+msgid "get all values: key [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:60
+msgid "get values for regexp: name-regex [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:61
+msgid "replace all matching variables: name value [value_regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:62
+msgid "add a new variable: name value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:63
+msgid "remove a variable: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:64
+msgid "remove all matches: name [value-regex]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:65
+msgid "rename section: old-name new-name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:66
+msgid "remove a section: name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:67
+msgid "list all"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:68
+msgid "open an editor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69 builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "slot"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:69
+msgid "find the color configured: [default]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:70
+msgid "find the color setting: [stdout-is-tty]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:71
+msgid "Type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:72
+msgid "value is \"true\" or \"false\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:73
+msgid "value is decimal number"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:74
+msgid "value is --bool or --int"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:75
+msgid "value is a path (file or directory name)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:76
+msgid "Other"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:77
+msgid "terminate values with NUL byte"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/config.c:78
+msgid "respect include directives on lookup"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/count-objects.c:69
+msgid "git count-objects [-v]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:15
+msgid "git describe [options] <committish>*"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:16
+msgid "git describe [options] --dirty"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:234
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s not available"
+msgstr "注释 tag %s 无效"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:238
+#, c-format
+msgid "annotated tag %s has no embedded name"
+msgstr "注释 tag %s 没有嵌入名称"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:240
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' is really '%s' here"
+msgstr "tag '%s' 的确是在 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:267
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid object name %s"
+msgstr "不是一个有效的对象名 %s"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:270
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s is not a valid '%s' object"
+msgstr "%s 不是一个有效的 '%s' 对象"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:287
+#, c-format
+msgid "no tag exactly matches '%s'"
+msgstr "没有 tag 准确匹配 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:289
+#, c-format
+msgid "searching to describe %s\n"
+msgstr "搜索描述 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "finished search at %s\n"
+msgstr "完成搜索 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:353
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No annotated tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"However, there were unannotated tags: try --tags."
+msgstr ""
+"没有注释 tag 能描述 '%s'。\n"
+"然而，有非注释 tag：尝试 --tags。"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:357
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"No tags can describe '%s'.\n"
+"Try --always, or create some tags."
+msgstr ""
+"没有注释 tag 能描述 '%s'。\n"
+"尝试 --always，或者创建一些 tag。"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:378
+#, c-format
+msgid "traversed %lu commits\n"
+msgstr "已遍历 %lu 个提交\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:381
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"more than %i tags found; listed %i most recent\n"
+"gave up search at %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"发现多于 %i 个 tag，列出最近的 %i 个\n"
+"在 %s 放弃搜索\n"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:403
+msgid "find the tag that comes after the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:404
+msgid "debug search strategy on stderr"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:405
+msgid "use any ref in .git/refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:406
+msgid "use any tag in .git/refs/tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:407
+msgid "always use long format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:410
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only output exact matches"
+msgstr "没有 tag 准确匹配 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:412
+msgid "consider <n> most recent tags (default: 10)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:414
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only consider tags matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "输出和模式匹配的行"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:416 builtin/name-rev.c:238
+msgid "show abbreviated commit object as fallback"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:417
+msgid "mark"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:418
+msgid "append <mark> on dirty working tree (default: \"-dirty\")"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:436
+msgid "--long is incompatible with --abbrev=0"
+msgstr "--long 与 --abbrev=0 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:462
+msgid "No names found, cannot describe anything."
+msgstr "没有发现名称，无法描述任何东西。"
+
+#: builtin/describe.c:482
+msgid "--dirty is incompatible with committishes"
+msgstr "--dirty 不能与提交同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:79
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': not a regular file or symlink"
+msgstr "'%s'：不是一个正规文件或符号链接"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid option: %s"
+msgstr "无效选项：%s"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:301
+msgid "Not a git repository"
+msgstr "不是一个 git 版本库"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:344
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid object '%s' given."
+msgstr "提供了无效对象 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:349
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than %d trees given: '%s'"
+msgstr "提供了超过 %d 个树对象：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:359
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than two blobs given: '%s'"
+msgstr "提供了超过两个二进制对象（blob）：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/diff.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "unhandled object '%s' given."
+msgstr "提供了无法处理的对象 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:22
+msgid "git fast-export [rev-list-opts]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:635
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show progress after <n> objects"
+msgstr "显示各种类型的对象"
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:637
+msgid "select handling of signed tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:640
+msgid "select handling of tags that tag filtered objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:643
+msgid "Dump marks to this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:645
+msgid "Import marks from this file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:647
+msgid "Fake a tagger when tags lack one"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:649
+msgid "Output full tree for each commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:651
+msgid "Use the done feature to terminate the stream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fast-export.c:652
+msgid "Skip output of blob data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:20
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:21
+msgid "git fetch [<options>] <group>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:22
+msgid "git fetch --multiple [<options>] [(<repository> | <group>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:23
+msgid "git fetch --all [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:60
+msgid "fetch from all remotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:62
+msgid "append to .git/FETCH_HEAD instead of overwriting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:64
+msgid "path to upload pack on remote end"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:65
+msgid "force overwrite of local branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:67
+msgid "fetch from multiple remotes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:69
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "fetch all tags and associated objects"
+msgstr "更新远程引用和相关的对象"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:71
+msgid "do not fetch all tags (--no-tags)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:73
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "prune remote-tracking branches no longer on remote"
+msgstr "%s 没有来自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:74
+msgid "on-demand"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:75
+msgid "control recursive fetching of submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:79
+msgid "keep downloaded pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:81
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "allow updating of HEAD ref"
+msgstr "无法更新 HEAD 引用"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:84
+msgid "deepen history of shallow clone"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:85 builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "dir"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:86
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "prepend this to submodule path output"
+msgstr "无法递归进子模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:89
+msgid "default mode for recursion"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:201
+msgid "Couldn't find remote ref HEAD"
+msgstr "无法发现远程 HEAD 引用"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:254
+#, c-format
+msgid "object %s not found"
+msgstr "对象 %s 未发现"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:260
+msgid "[up to date]"
+msgstr "[最新]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:274
+#, c-format
+msgid "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  (can't fetch in current branch)"
+msgstr "! %-*s %-*s -> %s  （在当前分支下不能获取）"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:275 builtin/fetch.c:361
+msgid "[rejected]"
+msgstr "[已拒绝]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:286
+msgid "[tag update]"
+msgstr "[tag更新]"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/fetch.c:288 builtin/fetch.c:323 builtin/fetch.c:341
+msgid "  (unable to update local ref)"
+msgstr "  （不能更新本地引用）"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:306
+msgid "[new tag]"
+msgstr "[新tag]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:309
+msgid "[new branch]"
+msgstr "[新分支]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:312
+msgid "[new ref]"
+msgstr "[新引用]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:357
+msgid "unable to update local ref"
+msgstr "不能更新本地引用"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:357
+msgid "forced update"
+msgstr "强制更新"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:363
+msgid "(non-fast-forward)"
+msgstr "（非快进式）"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:394 builtin/fetch.c:686
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open %s: %s\n"
+msgstr "无法打开 %s：%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:403
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s did not send all necessary objects\n"
+msgstr "%s 未发送所有必须的对象\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:489
+#, c-format
+msgid "From %.*s\n"
+msgstr "来自 %.*s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:500
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"some local refs could not be updated; try running\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' to remove any old, conflicting branches"
+msgstr ""
+"一些本地引用不能被更新；尝试运行\n"
+" 'git remote prune %s' 来删除旧的、有冲突的分支"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/fetch.c:550
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s will become dangling)"
+msgstr "   （%s 将成为悬空状态）"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/fetch.c:551
+#, c-format
+msgid "   (%s has become dangling)"
+msgstr "   （%s 已成为悬空状态）"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:558
+msgid "[deleted]"
+msgstr "[已删除]"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:559 builtin/remote.c:1055
+msgid "(none)"
+msgstr "（无）"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:676
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to fetch into current branch %s of non-bare repository"
+msgstr "拒绝获取到非裸版本库的当前分支 %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:710
+#, c-format
+msgid "Don't know how to fetch from %s"
+msgstr "不知道如何从 %s 获取"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:787
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" value \"%s\" is not valid for %s"
+msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 的值 \"%s\" 对于 %s 是无效的"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:790
+#, c-format
+msgid "Option \"%s\" is ignored for %s\n"
+msgstr "选项 \"%s\" 为 %s 所忽略\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:892
+#, c-format
+msgid "Fetching %s\n"
+msgstr "正在获取 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:894 builtin/remote.c:100
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not fetch %s"
+msgstr "不能获取 %s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:913
+msgid ""
+"No remote repository specified.  Please, specify either a URL or a\n"
+"remote name from which new revisions should be fetched."
+msgstr "未指定远程版本库。请通过一个URL或远程版本库名指定，用以获取新提交。"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:933
+msgid "You need to specify a tag name."
+msgstr "您需要指定一个 tag 名称。"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:985
+msgid "fetch --all does not take a repository argument"
+msgstr "fetch --all 不能带一个版本库参数"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:987
+msgid "fetch --all does not make sense with refspecs"
+msgstr "fetch --all 带引用表达式没有任何意义"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote or remote group: %s"
+msgstr "没有这样的远程或远程组：%s"
+
+#: builtin/fetch.c:1006
+msgid "Fetching a group and specifying refspecs does not make sense"
+msgstr "获取组并指定引用表达式没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:13
+msgid "git fmt-merge-msg [-m <message>] [--log[=<n>]|--no-log] [--file <file>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:653 builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:656 builtin/grep.c:786
+#: builtin/merge.c:188 builtin/show-branch.c:656 builtin/show-ref.c:192
+#: builtin/tag.c:448 parse-options.h:133 parse-options.h:235
+msgid "n"
+msgstr "数字"
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:654
+msgid "populate log with at most <n> entries from shortlog"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:657
+msgid "alias for --log (deprecated)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:660
+msgid "text"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:661
+msgid "use <text> as start of message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fmt-merge-msg.c:662
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "file to read from"
+msgstr "不能读 %s"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:979
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git for-each-ref [options] [<pattern>]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:994
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for shells"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:996
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for perl"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:998
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for python"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1000
+msgid "quote placeholders suitably for tcl"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1003
+msgid "show only <n> matched refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1004
+msgid "format to use for the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1005
+msgid "key"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/for-each-ref.c:1006
+msgid "field name to sort on"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:608
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git fsck [options] [<object>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:614
+msgid "show unreachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:615
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show dangling objects"
+msgstr "索引对象中"
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:616
+msgid "report tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:617
+msgid "report root nodes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:618
+msgid "make index objects head nodes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:619
+msgid "make reflogs head nodes (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:620
+msgid "also consider packs and alternate objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:621
+msgid "enable more strict checking"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:623
+msgid "write dangling objects in .git/lost-found"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/fsck.c:624 builtin/prune.c:134
+msgid "show progress"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:22
+msgid "git gc [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:63
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid %s: '%s'"
+msgstr "无效的 %s：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:90
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long object directory %.*s"
+msgstr "不正常的长对象目录 %.*s"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:179
+msgid "prune unreferenced objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:181
+msgid "be more thorough (increased runtime)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:182
+msgid "enable auto-gc mode"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:221
+#, c-format
+msgid "Auto packing the repository for optimum performance.\n"
+msgstr "自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:224
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Auto packing the repository for optimum performance. You may also\n"
+"run \"git gc\" manually. See \"git help gc\" for more information.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"自动打包版本库以求最佳性能。您还可以手动运行 \"git gc\"。\n"
+"参见 \"git help gc\" 以获取更多信息。\n"
+
+#: builtin/gc.c:251
+msgid ""
+"There are too many unreachable loose objects; run 'git prune' to remove them."
+msgstr "有太多不可达的松散对象，运行 'git prune' 删除它们。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:22
+msgid "git grep [options] [-e] <pattern> [<rev>...] [[--] <path>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:216
+#, c-format
+msgid "grep: failed to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep：无法创建线程：%s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to chdir: %s"
+msgstr "无法切换目录：%s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:530 builtin/grep.c:564
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read tree (%s)"
+msgstr "无法读取树（%s）"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:578
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to grep from object of type %s"
+msgstr "无法抓取来自于 %s 类型的对象"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:636
+#, c-format
+msgid "switch `%c' expects a numerical value"
+msgstr "开关 `%c' 期望一个数字值"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:653
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open '%s'"
+msgstr "不能打开 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:728
+msgid "search in index instead of in the work tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:730
+msgid "find in contents not managed by git"
+msgstr ""
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: builtin/grep.c:732
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "search in both tracked and untracked files"
+msgstr "（使用 -u 参数显示未跟踪的文件）"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:734
+msgid "search also in ignored files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:737
+msgid "show non-matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:739
+msgid "case insensitive matching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:741
+msgid "match patterns only at word boundaries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:743
+msgid "process binary files as text"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:745
+msgid "don't match patterns in binary files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:748
+msgid "descend at most <depth> levels"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:752
+msgid "use extended POSIX regular expressions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:755
+msgid "use basic POSIX regular expressions (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:758
+msgid "interpret patterns as fixed strings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:761
+msgid "use Perl-compatible regular expressions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:764
+msgid "show line numbers"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:765
+msgid "don't show filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:766
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show filenames"
+msgstr "%s文件："
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:768
+msgid "show filenames relative to top directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:770
+msgid "show only filenames instead of matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:772
+msgid "synonym for --files-with-matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:775
+msgid "show only the names of files without match"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:777
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "print NUL after filenames"
+msgstr "为所有文件名前添加 <根目录>"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:779
+msgid "show the number of matches instead of matching lines"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:780
+msgid "highlight matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:782
+msgid "print empty line between matches from different files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:784
+msgid "show filename only once above matches from same file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:787
+msgid "show <n> context lines before and after matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:790
+msgid "show <n> context lines before matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:792
+msgid "show <n> context lines after matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:793
+msgid "shortcut for -C NUM"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:796
+msgid "show a line with the function name before matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:798
+msgid "show the surrounding function"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:801
+msgid "read patterns from file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:803
+msgid "match <pattern>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:805
+msgid "combine patterns specified with -e"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:817
+msgid "indicate hit with exit status without output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:819
+msgid "show only matches from files that match all patterns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:822
+msgid "pager"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:822
+msgid "show matching files in the pager"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:825
+msgid "allow calling of grep(1) (ignored by this build)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:826 builtin/show-ref.c:201
+msgid "show usage"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:917
+msgid "no pattern given."
+msgstr "未提供模式匹配。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:931
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad object %s"
+msgstr "坏对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:972
+msgid "--open-files-in-pager only works on the worktree"
+msgstr "--open-files-in-pager 仅用于工作区"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:995
+msgid "--cached or --untracked cannot be used with --no-index."
+msgstr "--cached 或 --untracked 不能与 --no-index 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1000
+msgid "--no-index or --untracked cannot be used with revs."
+msgstr "--no-index 或 --untracked 不能和版本同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1003
+msgid "--[no-]exclude-standard cannot be used for tracked contents."
+msgstr "--[no-]exclude-standard 不能用于已跟踪内容。"
+
+#: builtin/grep.c:1011
+msgid "both --cached and trees are given."
+msgstr "同时给出了 --cached 和树对象。"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:60
+msgid ""
+"git hash-object [-t <type>] [-w] [--path=<file>|--no-filters] [--stdin] [--] "
+"<file>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:61
+msgid "git hash-object  --stdin-paths < <list-of-paths>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+msgid "type"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:72
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "object type"
+msgstr "坏的对象类型。"
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:73
+msgid "write the object into the object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:74
+msgid "read the object from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:76
+msgid "store file as is without filters"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/hash-object.c:77
+msgid "process file as it were from this path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:43
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "print all available commands"
+msgstr "在 '%s' 下可用的 git 命令"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:44
+msgid "show man page"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:45
+msgid "show manual in web browser"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:47
+msgid "show info page"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:53
+msgid "git help [--all] [--man|--web|--info] [command]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/help.c:65
+#, c-format
+msgid "unrecognized help format '%s'"
+msgstr "未能识别的帮助格式 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:93
+msgid "Failed to start emacsclient."
+msgstr "无法启动 emacsclient。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:106
+msgid "Failed to parse emacsclient version."
+msgstr "无法解析 emacsclient 版本。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:114
+#, c-format
+msgid "emacsclient version '%d' too old (< 22)."
+msgstr "emacsclient 版本 '%d' 太老 (< 22)。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:132 builtin/help.c:160 builtin/help.c:169 builtin/help.c:177
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to exec '%s': %s"
+msgstr "无法执行 '%s'：%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': path for unsupported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.cmd' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s'：不支持的 man 手册查看器的路径。\n"
+"请使用 'man.<tool>.cmd'。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:229
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s': cmd for supported man viewer.\n"
+"Please consider using 'man.<tool>.path' instead."
+msgstr ""
+"'%s': 支持的 man 手册查看器命令。\n"
+"请使用 'man.<tool>.path'。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:299
+msgid "The most commonly used git commands are:"
+msgstr "最常用的 git 命令有："
+
+#: builtin/help.c:367
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s': unknown man viewer."
+msgstr "'%s'：未知的 man 查看器。"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:384
+msgid "no man viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "没有 man 查看器处理此请求"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:392
+msgid "no info viewer handled the request"
+msgstr "没有 info 查看器处理此请求"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:447 builtin/help.c:454
+#, c-format
+msgid "usage: %s%s"
+msgstr "用法：%s%s"
+
+#: builtin/help.c:470
+#, c-format
+msgid "`git %s' is aliased to `%s'"
+msgstr "`git %s' 是 `%s' 的别名"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:170
+#, c-format
+msgid "object type mismatch at %s"
+msgstr "%s 的对象类型不匹配"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:190
+msgid "object of unexpected type"
+msgstr "意外的类型的对象"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot fill %d byte"
+msgid_plural "cannot fill %d bytes"
+msgstr[0] "无法填充 %d 字节"
+msgstr[1] "无法填充 %d 字节"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:237
+msgid "early EOF"
+msgstr "过早的文件结束符（EOF）"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:238
+msgid "read error on input"
+msgstr "输入上的读错误"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:250
+msgid "used more bytes than were available"
+msgstr "用掉了超过可用的字节"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:257
+msgid "pack too large for current definition of off_t"
+msgstr "包太大超过了当前 off_t 的定义"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:273
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to create '%s'"
+msgstr "不能创建 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:278
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot open packfile '%s'"
+msgstr "无法打开包文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:292
+msgid "pack signature mismatch"
+msgstr "包签名不匹配"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack version %<PRIu32> unsupported"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:312
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has bad object at offset %lu: %s"
+msgstr "包中有错误的对象位于 %lu：%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:434
+#, c-format
+msgid "inflate returned %d"
+msgstr "解压缩返回 %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:483
+msgid "offset value overflow for delta base object"
+msgstr "偏移值覆盖了 delta 基准对象"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:491
+msgid "delta base offset is out of bound"
+msgstr "delta 基准偏移越界"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:499
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown object type %d"
+msgstr "未知对象类型 %d"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:530
+msgid "cannot pread pack file"
+msgstr "无法读取包文件"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:532
+#, c-format
+msgid "premature end of pack file, %lu byte missing"
+msgid_plural "premature end of pack file, %lu bytes missing"
+msgstr[0] "包文件过早结束，缺少 %lu 字节"
+msgstr[1] "包文件过早结束，缺少 %lu 字节"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:558
+msgid "serious inflate inconsistency"
+msgstr "解压缩严重的不一致"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:649 builtin/index-pack.c:655 builtin/index-pack.c:678
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:712 builtin/index-pack.c:721
+#, c-format
+msgid "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND WITH %s !"
+msgstr "发现 %s 出现 SHA1 冲突！"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:652 builtin/pack-objects.c:170
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to read %s"
+msgstr "不能读 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:718
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read existing object %s"
+msgstr "不能读取现存对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:732
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid blob object %s"
+msgstr "无效的二进制对象（blob）%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:747
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid %s"
+msgstr "无效的 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:749
+msgid "Error in object"
+msgstr "对象中出错"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:751
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not all child objects of %s are reachable"
+msgstr "%s 的所有子对象并非都可达"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:821 builtin/index-pack.c:847
+msgid "failed to apply delta"
+msgstr "无法应用 delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Receiving objects"
+msgstr "接收对象中"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:986
+msgid "Indexing objects"
+msgstr "索引对象中"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1012
+msgid "pack is corrupted (SHA1 mismatch)"
+msgstr "包冲突（SHA1 不匹配）"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1017
+msgid "cannot fstat packfile"
+msgstr "不能枚举包文件状态"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1020
+msgid "pack has junk at the end"
+msgstr "包的结尾有垃圾数据"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1031
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity in parse_pack_objects()"
+msgstr "parse_pack_objects() 中遇到不可理喻的问题"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1054
+msgid "Resolving deltas"
+msgstr "处理 delta 中"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1064
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "unable to create thread: %s"
+msgstr "grep：无法创建线程：%s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1106
+msgid "confusion beyond insanity"
+msgstr "不可理喻"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1112
+#, c-format
+msgid "completed with %d local objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1121
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unexpected tail checksum for %s (disk corruption?)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1125
+#, c-format
+msgid "pack has %d unresolved delta"
+msgid_plural "pack has %d unresolved deltas"
+msgstr[0] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
+msgstr[1] "包有 %d 个未解决的 delta"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1150
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to deflate appended object (%d)"
+msgstr "不能缩小附加对象（%d）"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1229
+#, c-format
+msgid "local object %s is corrupt"
+msgstr "本地对象 %s 已损坏"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1253
+msgid "error while closing pack file"
+msgstr "关闭包文件时出错"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1266
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot write keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "无法写保留文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot close written keep file '%s'"
+msgstr "无法关闭保留文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1287
+msgid "cannot store pack file"
+msgstr "无法存储包文件"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1298
+msgid "cannot store index file"
+msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1331
+#, fuzzy, c-format
+msgid "bad pack.indexversion=%<PRIu32>"
+msgstr "坏的索引版本 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1337
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid number of threads specified (%d)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1341 builtin/index-pack.c:1514
+#, c-format
+msgid "no threads support, ignoring %s"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1399
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack file '%s'"
+msgstr "无法打开现存包文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1401
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open existing pack idx file for '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为 %s 打开包索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1448
+#, c-format
+msgid "non delta: %d object"
+msgid_plural "non delta: %d objects"
+msgstr[0] "非 delta：%d 个对象"
+msgstr[1] "非 delta：%d 个对象"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1455
+#, c-format
+msgid "chain length = %d: %lu object"
+msgid_plural "chain length = %d: %lu objects"
+msgstr[0] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
+msgstr[1] "链长 = %d: %lu 对象"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1482
+msgid "Cannot come back to cwd"
+msgstr "无法返回当前工作目录"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1526 builtin/index-pack.c:1529
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1541 builtin/index-pack.c:1545
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad %s"
+msgstr "错误选项 %s"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1559
+msgid "--fix-thin cannot be used without --stdin"
+msgstr "--fix-thin 不能和 --stdin 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1563 builtin/index-pack.c:1573
+#, c-format
+msgid "packfile name '%s' does not end with '.pack'"
+msgstr "包名 '%s' 没有以 '.pack' 结尾"
+
+#: builtin/index-pack.c:1582
+msgid "--verify with no packfile name given"
+msgstr "--verify 没有提供包名参数"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:35
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not make %s writable by group"
+msgstr "不能设置 %s 为组可写"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:62
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template name %s"
+msgstr "太长的模版名 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:67
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat '%s'"
+msgstr "不能枚举 '%s' 状态"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:73
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot stat template '%s'"
+msgstr "不能枚举模版 '%s' 状态"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:80
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot opendir '%s'"
+msgstr "不能打开目录 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:97
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot readlink '%s'"
+msgstr "不能读取链接 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:99
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long symlink %s"
+msgstr "太长的符号链接 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot symlink '%s' '%s'"
+msgstr "不能自 '%s' 到 '%s' 创建符号链接"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot copy '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "不能拷贝 '%s' 至 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:110
+#, c-format
+msgid "ignoring template %s"
+msgstr "忽略模版 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "insanely long template path %s"
+msgstr "太长的模版路径 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:141
+#, c-format
+msgid "templates not found %s"
+msgstr "模版未找到 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:154
+#, c-format
+msgid "not copying templates of a wrong format version %d from '%s'"
+msgstr "没有从 '%2$s' 复制带有错误版本 %1$d 的模版"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:192
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane git directory %s"
+msgstr "不正常的 git 目录 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:323 builtin/init-db.c:326
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s already exists"
+msgstr "%s 已经存在"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:355
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to handle file type %d"
+msgstr "不能处理 %d 类型的文件"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:358
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to move %s to %s"
+msgstr "不能移动 %s 至 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:363
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create git link %s"
+msgstr "不能创建 git link %s"
+
+#.
+#. * TRANSLATORS: The first '%s' is either "Reinitialized
+#. * existing" or "Initialized empty", the second " shared" or
+#. * "", and the last '%s%s' is the verbatim directory name.
+#.
+#: builtin/init-db.c:420
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s%s Git repository in %s%s\n"
+msgstr "%s%s Git 版本库于 %s%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Reinitialized existing"
+msgstr "重新初始化现存的"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:421
+msgid "Initialized empty"
+msgstr "初始化空的"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: builtin/init-db.c:422
+msgid " shared"
+msgstr "共享"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:441
+msgid "cannot tell cwd"
+msgstr "无法获知当前路径"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:467
+msgid ""
+"git init [-q | --quiet] [--bare] [--template=<template-directory>] [--shared"
+"[=<permissions>]] [directory]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:490
+msgid "permissions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:491
+msgid "specify that the git repository is to be shared amongst several users"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:493 builtin/prune-packed.c:77
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "be quiet"
+msgstr "更加安静"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:522 builtin/init-db.c:529
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot mkdir %s"
+msgstr "不能创建目录 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:533
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot chdir to %s"
+msgstr "不能切换目录到 %s"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:555
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"%s (or --work-tree=<directory>) not allowed without specifying %s (or --git-"
+"dir=<directory>)"
+msgstr ""
+"不允许 %s（或 --work-tree=<directory>）而没有指定 %s（或 --git-"
+"dir=<directory>）"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:579
+msgid "Cannot access current working directory"
+msgstr "不能访问当前工作目录"
+
+#: builtin/init-db.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot access work tree '%s'"
+msgstr "不能访问工作区 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:37
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git log [<options>] [<since>..<until>] [[--] <path>...]\n"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:38
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "   or: git show [options] <object>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:100
+msgid "suppress diff output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:101
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show source"
+msgstr "坏的源"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:102
+msgid "decorate options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:189
+#, c-format
+msgid "Final output: %d %s\n"
+msgstr "最终输出：%d %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:403 builtin/log.c:494
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read object %s"
+msgstr "不能读取对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:518
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown type: %d"
+msgstr "未知类型：%d"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:608
+msgid "format.headers without value"
+msgstr "format.headers 没有值"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:682
+msgid "name of output directory is too long"
+msgstr "输出目录名太长"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:693
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot open patch file %s"
+msgstr "无法打开补丁文件 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:707
+msgid "Need exactly one range."
+msgstr "只需要一个范围。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:715
+msgid "Not a range."
+msgstr "不是一个范围。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:789
+msgid "Cover letter needs email format"
+msgstr "信封需要邮件地址格式"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:862
+#, c-format
+msgid "insane in-reply-to: %s"
+msgstr "不正常的 in-reply-to：%s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:890
+msgid "git format-patch [options] [<since> | <revision range>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:935
+msgid "Two output directories?"
+msgstr "两个输出目录？"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1063
+msgid "use [PATCH n/m] even with a single patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1066
+msgid "use [PATCH] even with multiple patches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1070
+msgid "print patches to standard out"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1072
+msgid "generate a cover letter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1074
+msgid "use simple number sequence for output file names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1075
+msgid "sfx"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1076
+msgid "use <sfx> instead of '.patch'"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1078
+msgid "start numbering patches at <n> instead of 1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1080
+msgid "Use [<prefix>] instead of [PATCH]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1083
+msgid "store resulting files in <dir>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1086
+msgid "don't strip/add [PATCH]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1089
+msgid "don't output binary diffs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1091
+msgid "don't include a patch matching a commit upstream"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1093
+msgid "show patch format instead of default (patch + stat)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1095
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Messaging"
+msgstr "合并："
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#: builtin/log.c:1096
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "header"
+msgstr "领先 "
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1097
+msgid "add email header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098 builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "email"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1098
+msgid "add To: header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1100
+msgid "add Cc: header"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1102
+msgid "message-id"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1103
+msgid "make first mail a reply to <message-id>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1104 builtin/log.c:1107
+msgid "boundary"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1105
+msgid "attach the patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1108
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "inline the patch"
+msgstr "忽略补丁中的添加的文件"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1112
+msgid "enable message threading, styles: shallow, deep"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1114
+msgid "signature"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1115
+msgid "add a signature"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1117
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't print the patch filenames"
+msgstr "无法打开补丁文件 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1157
+#, c-format
+msgid "bogus committer info %s"
+msgstr "虚假的提交者信息 %s"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1202
+msgid "-n and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "-n 和 -k 互斥。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1204
+msgid "--subject-prefix and -k are mutually exclusive."
+msgstr "--subject-prefix 和 -k 互斥。"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1212
+msgid "--name-only does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-only 无意义"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1214
+msgid "--name-status does not make sense"
+msgstr "--name-status 无意义"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1216
+msgid "--check does not make sense"
+msgstr "--check 无意义"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1239
+msgid "standard output, or directory, which one?"
+msgstr "标准输出或目录，哪一个？"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1241
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not create directory '%s'"
+msgstr "不能创建目录 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1394
+msgid "Failed to create output files"
+msgstr "无法创建输出文件"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1443
+msgid "git cherry [-v] [<upstream> [<head> [<limit>]]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1498
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not find a tracked remote branch, please specify <upstream> manually.\n"
+msgstr "不能找到跟踪的远程分支，请手工指定 <upstream>。\n"
+
+#: builtin/log.c:1511 builtin/log.c:1513 builtin/log.c:1525
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown commit %s"
+msgstr "未知提交 %s"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:408
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git ls-files [options] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:463
+msgid "identify the file status with tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:465
+msgid "use lowercase letters for 'assume unchanged' files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:467
+msgid "show cached files in the output (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:469
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show deleted files in the output"
+msgstr "删除的文件 %s 仍有内容"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:471
+msgid "show modified files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:473
+msgid "show other files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:475
+msgid "show ignored files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:478
+msgid "show staged contents' object name in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:480
+msgid "show files on the filesystem that need to be removed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:482
+msgid "show 'other' directories' name only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:485
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't show empty directories"
+msgstr "两个输出目录？"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:488
+msgid "show unmerged files in the output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:490
+msgid "show resolve-undo information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:492
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "skip files matching pattern"
+msgstr "输出和模式匹配的行"
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:495
+msgid "exclude patterns are read from <file>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:498
+msgid "read additional per-directory exclude patterns in <file>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:500
+msgid "add the standard git exclusions"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:503
+msgid "make the output relative to the project top directory"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:506
+msgid "if any <file> is not in the index, treat this as an error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:507
+msgid "tree-ish"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:508
+msgid "pretend that paths removed since <tree-ish> are still present"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-files.c:510
+msgid "show debugging data"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:27
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git ls-tree [<options>] <tree-ish> [<path>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:125
+msgid "only show trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:127
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "recurse into subtrees"
+msgstr "变基到远程 %s"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:129
+msgid "show trees when recursing"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:132
+msgid "terminate entries with NUL byte"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:133
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "include object size"
+msgstr "提供了无效对象 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:135 builtin/ls-tree.c:137
+msgid "list only filenames"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:140
+msgid "use full path names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/ls-tree.c:142
+msgid "list entire tree; not just current directory (implies --full-name)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:43
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git merge [options] [<commit>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:44
+msgid "git merge [options] <msg> HEAD <commit>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:45
+msgid "git merge --abort"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:90
+msgid "switch `m' requires a value"
+msgstr "开关 `m' 需要一个值"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:127
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not find merge strategy '%s'.\n"
+msgstr "不能找到合并策略 '%s'。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available strategies are:"
+msgstr "可用的策略有："
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:133
+#, c-format
+msgid "Available custom strategies are:"
+msgstr "可用的自定义策略有："
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:183
+msgid "do not show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:186
+msgid "show a diffstat at the end of the merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:187
+msgid "(synonym to --stat)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:189
+msgid "add (at most <n>) entries from shortlog to merge commit message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:192
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "create a single commit instead of doing a merge"
+msgstr "在合并过程中不能做部分提交。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:194
+msgid "perform a commit if the merge succeeds (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:196
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "edit message before committing"
+msgstr "尚未暂存以备提交的变更："
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:198
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "allow fast-forward (default)"
+msgstr "可快进"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:200
+msgid "abort if fast-forward is not possible"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:202 builtin/notes.c:867 builtin/revert.c:112
+msgid "strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:203
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "merge strategy to use"
+msgstr "尝试合并策略 %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:204
+msgid "option=value"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:205
+msgid "option for selected merge strategy"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:207
+msgid "merge commit message (for a non-fast-forward merge)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:211
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "abort the current in-progress merge"
+msgstr "无法保存当前索引状态"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:240
+msgid "could not run stash."
+msgstr "不能进行进度保存。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:245
+msgid "stash failed"
+msgstr "进度保存失败"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:250
+#, c-format
+msgid "not a valid object: %s"
+msgstr "不是一个有效对象：%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:269 builtin/merge.c:286
+msgid "read-tree failed"
+msgstr "读取树失败"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/merge.c:316
+msgid " (nothing to squash)"
+msgstr " （无可压缩）"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:329
+#, c-format
+msgid "Squash commit -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "压缩提交 -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:361
+msgid "Writing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "写入 SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:363
+msgid "Finishing SQUASH_MSG"
+msgstr "完成 SQUASH_MSG"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:386
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge message -- not updating HEAD\n"
+msgstr "无合并信息 -- 未更新 HEAD\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:436
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' does not point to a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' 没有指向一个提交"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:535
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad branch.%s.mergeoptions string: %s"
+msgstr "坏的 branch.%s.mergeoptions 字符串：%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:628
+msgid "git write-tree failed to write a tree"
+msgstr "git write-tree 无法写入一树对象"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:678
+msgid "failed to read the cache"
+msgstr "无法读取缓存"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:709
+msgid "Not handling anything other than two heads merge."
+msgstr "不能处理两个头合并之外的任何操作。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:723
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown option for merge-recursive: -X%s"
+msgstr "merge-recursive 的未知选项：-X%s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:737
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to write %s"
+msgstr "不能写 %s"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:876
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not read from '%s'"
+msgstr "不能从 '%s' 读取"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:885
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not committing merge; use 'git commit' to complete the merge.\n"
+msgstr "未提交合并，使用 'git commit' 完成此次合并。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:891
+msgid ""
+"Please enter a commit message to explain why this merge is necessary,\n"
+"especially if it merges an updated upstream into a topic branch.\n"
+"\n"
+"Lines starting with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts\n"
+"the commit.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"请输入一个提交信息以解释此合并的必要性，尤其是将一个更新后的上游分支\n"
+"合并到主题分支。\n"
+"\n"
+"以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略，而且空提交说明将会终止提交。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:915
+msgid "Empty commit message."
+msgstr "空提交信息。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:927
+#, c-format
+msgid "Wonderful.\n"
+msgstr "太棒了。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:992
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge failed; fix conflicts and then commit the result.\n"
+msgstr "自动合并失败，修正冲突然后提交修正的结果。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1008
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a commit"
+msgstr "'%s' 不是一个提交"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1049
+msgid "No current branch."
+msgstr "没有当前分支。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1051
+msgid "No remote for the current branch."
+msgstr "当前分支没有对应的远程版本库。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1053
+msgid "No default upstream defined for the current branch."
+msgstr "当前分支没有定义默认的上游分支。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1058
+#, c-format
+msgid "No remote tracking branch for %s from %s"
+msgstr "%s 没有来自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1145 builtin/merge.c:1302
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s - not something we can merge"
+msgstr "%s - 不能被合并"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1213
+msgid "There is no merge to abort (MERGE_HEAD missing)."
+msgstr "没有要终止的合并（MERGE_HEAD 丢失）。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1229 git-pull.sh:31
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"您尚未结束您的合并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。\n"
+"请在合并前先提交您的修改。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1232 git-pull.sh:34
+msgid "You have not concluded your merge (MERGE_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "您尚未结束您的合并（存在 MERGE_HEAD）。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1236
+msgid ""
+"You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists).\n"
+"Please, commit your changes before you can merge."
+msgstr ""
+"您尚未结束您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。\n"
+"请在合并前先提交您的修改。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1239
+msgid "You have not concluded your cherry-pick (CHERRY_PICK_HEAD exists)."
+msgstr "您尚未结束您的拣选（存在 CHERRY_PICK_HEAD）。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1248
+msgid "You cannot combine --squash with --no-ff."
+msgstr "您不能将 --squash 与 --no-ff 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1253
+msgid "You cannot combine --no-ff with --ff-only."
+msgstr "您不能将 --no-ff 与 --ff-only 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1260
+msgid "No commit specified and merge.defaultToUpstream not set."
+msgstr "未指定提交并且 merge.defaultToUpstream 未设置。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1292
+msgid "Can merge only exactly one commit into empty head"
+msgstr "只能将一个提交合并到空分支上"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1295
+msgid "Squash commit into empty head not supported yet"
+msgstr "尚不支持到空分支的压缩提交"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1297
+msgid "Non-fast-forward commit does not make sense into an empty head"
+msgstr "到空分支的非快进式提交没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1412
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s..%s\n"
+msgstr "更新 %s..%s\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1450
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying really trivial in-index merge...\n"
+msgstr "尝试非常小的索引内合并...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1457
+#, c-format
+msgid "Nope.\n"
+msgstr "无。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1489
+msgid "Not possible to fast-forward, aborting."
+msgstr "无法快进，终止。"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1512 builtin/merge.c:1591
+#, c-format
+msgid "Rewinding the tree to pristine...\n"
+msgstr "将树回滚至原始状态...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1516
+#, c-format
+msgid "Trying merge strategy %s...\n"
+msgstr "尝试合并策略 %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1582
+#, c-format
+msgid "No merge strategy handled the merge.\n"
+msgstr "没有合并策略处理此合并。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1584
+#, c-format
+msgid "Merge with strategy %s failed.\n"
+msgstr "使用策略 %s 合并失败。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1593
+#, c-format
+msgid "Using the %s to prepare resolving by hand.\n"
+msgstr "使用 %s 以准备手工解决。\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge.c:1605
+#, c-format
+msgid "Automatic merge went well; stopped before committing as requested\n"
+msgstr "自动合并进展顺利，按要求在提交前停止\n"
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:26
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] <commit> <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:27
+msgid "git merge-base [-a|--all] --octopus <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:28
+msgid "git merge-base --independent <commit>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:29
+msgid "git merge-base --is-ancestor <commit> <commit>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:98
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "output all common ancestors"
+msgstr "发现 %u 个共同祖先："
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:99
+msgid "find ancestors for a single n-way merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:100
+msgid "list revs not reachable from others"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-base.c:102
+msgid "is the first one ancestor of the other?"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:8
+msgid ""
+"git merge-file [options] [-L name1 [-L orig [-L name2]]] file1 orig_file "
+"file2"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:33
+msgid "send results to standard output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:34
+msgid "use a diff3 based merge"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:35
+msgid "for conflicts, use our version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:37
+msgid "for conflicts, use their version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:39
+msgid "for conflicts, use a union version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:42
+msgid "for conflicts, use this marker size"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:43
+msgid "do not warn about conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/merge-file.c:45
+msgid "set labels for file1/orig_file/file2"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:67
+msgid "git mktree [-z] [--missing] [--batch]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:153
+msgid "input is NUL terminated"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:154 builtin/write-tree.c:24
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "allow missing objects"
+msgstr "接收对象中"
+
+#: builtin/mktree.c:155
+msgid "allow creation of more than one tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:14
+msgid "git mv [options] <source>... <destination>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:64
+msgid "force move/rename even if target exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:65
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "skip move/rename errors"
+msgstr "程序错误"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:108
+#, c-format
+msgid "Checking rename of '%s' to '%s'\n"
+msgstr "检查 '%s' 到 '%s' 的重命名\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:112
+msgid "bad source"
+msgstr "坏的源"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:115
+msgid "can not move directory into itself"
+msgstr "不能将目录移动到自身"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:118
+msgid "cannot move directory over file"
+msgstr "不能将目录移动到文件"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid "Huh? %.*s is in index?"
+msgstr "嗯？%.*s 在索引中？"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:140
+msgid "source directory is empty"
+msgstr "源目录为空"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:171
+msgid "not under version control"
+msgstr "不在版本控制之下"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:173
+msgid "destination exists"
+msgstr "目标已存在"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:181
+#, c-format
+msgid "overwriting '%s'"
+msgstr "覆盖 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:184
+msgid "Cannot overwrite"
+msgstr "不能覆盖"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:187
+msgid "multiple sources for the same target"
+msgstr "同一目标具有多个源"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:202
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s, source=%s, destination=%s"
+msgstr "%s，源=%s，目标=%s"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "Renaming %s to %s\n"
+msgstr "重命名 %s 至 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/mv.c:215 builtin/remote.c:731
+#, c-format
+msgid "renaming '%s' failed"
+msgstr "重命名 '%s' 失败"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:175
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git name-rev [options] <commit>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:176
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --all"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:177
+msgid "git name-rev [options] --stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:229
+msgid "print only names (no SHA-1)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:230
+msgid "only use tags to name the commits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:232
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only use refs matching <pattern>"
+msgstr "输出和模式匹配的行"
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:234
+msgid "list all commits reachable from all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:235
+msgid "read from stdin"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/name-rev.c:236
+msgid "allow to print `undefined` names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:23
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] add [-f] [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:25
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] copy [-f] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:26
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] append [-m <msg> | -F <file> | (-c | -C) "
+"<object>] [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:27
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] edit [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:28
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] show [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:29
+msgid ""
+"git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] merge [-v | -q] [-s <strategy> ] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:30
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [-v | -q]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:31
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [-v | -q]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:32
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] remove [<object>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:33
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] prune [-n | -v]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:34
+msgid "git notes [--ref <notes_ref>] get-ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:39
+msgid "git notes [list [<object>]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:44
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git notes add [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:49
+msgid "git notes copy [<options>] <from-object> <to-object>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:50
+msgid "git notes copy --stdin [<from-object> <to-object>]..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:55
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git notes append [<options>] [<object>]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:60
+msgid "git notes edit [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:65
+msgid "git notes show [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:70
+msgid "git notes merge [<options>] <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:71
+msgid "git notes merge --commit [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:72
+msgid "git notes merge --abort [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:77
+msgid "git notes remove [<object>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:82
+msgid "git notes prune [<options>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:87
+msgid "git notes get-ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to start 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "不能为对象 '%s' 开始 'show'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:145
+msgid "can't fdopen 'show' output fd"
+msgstr "不能打开 'show' 输出文件句柄"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:155
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to close pipe to 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 的 'show' 关闭管道"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:158
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to finish 'show' for object '%s'"
+msgstr "无法为对象 '%s' 完成 'show'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:175 builtin/tag.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not create file '%s'"
+msgstr "不能创建文件 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:189
+msgid "Please supply the note contents using either -m or -F option"
+msgstr "请通过 -m 或 -F 选项为注解提供内容"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:210 builtin/notes.c:973
+#, c-format
+msgid "Removing note for object %s\n"
+msgstr "删除对象 %s 的注解\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:215
+msgid "unable to write note object"
+msgstr "不能写注解对象"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:217
+#, c-format
+msgid "The note contents has been left in %s"
+msgstr "注解内容被留在文件 %s 中"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:251 builtin/tag.c:542
+#, c-format
+msgid "cannot read '%s'"
+msgstr "不能读取 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:253 builtin/tag.c:545
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not open or read '%s'"
+msgstr "不能打开或读取 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:272 builtin/notes.c:445 builtin/notes.c:447
+#: builtin/notes.c:507 builtin/notes.c:561 builtin/notes.c:644
+#: builtin/notes.c:649 builtin/notes.c:724 builtin/notes.c:766
+#: builtin/notes.c:968 builtin/reset.c:293 builtin/tag.c:558
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to resolve '%s' as a valid ref."
+msgstr "无法解析 '%s' 为一个有效引用。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:275
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to read object '%s'."
+msgstr "无法读取对象 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:299
+msgid "Cannot commit uninitialized/unreferenced notes tree"
+msgstr "不能提交未初始化/未引用的注解树"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:340
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad notes.rewriteMode value: '%s'"
+msgstr "坏的 notes.rewriteMode 值：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:350
+#, c-format
+msgid "Refusing to rewrite notes in %s (outside of refs/notes/)"
+msgstr "拒绝向 %s（在 refs/notes/ 之外）写入注解"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: The first %s is the name of the
+#. environment variable, the second %s is its value
+#: builtin/notes.c:377
+#, c-format
+msgid "Bad %s value: '%s'"
+msgstr "坏的 %s 值：'%s'"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:441
+#, c-format
+msgid "Malformed input line: '%s'."
+msgstr "非法的输入行：'%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:456
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to copy notes from '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法从 '%s' 到 '%s' 拷贝注解"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:500 builtin/notes.c:554 builtin/notes.c:627
+#: builtin/notes.c:639 builtin/notes.c:712 builtin/notes.c:759
+#: builtin/notes.c:1033
+msgid "too many parameters"
+msgstr "参数太多"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:513 builtin/notes.c:772
+#, c-format
+msgid "No note found for object %s."
+msgstr "未发现对象 %s 的注解。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:535 builtin/notes.c:692
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "note contents as a string"
+msgstr "注解内容被留在文件 %s 中"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:538 builtin/notes.c:695
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "note contents in a file"
+msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:540 builtin/notes.c:543 builtin/notes.c:697
+#: builtin/notes.c:700 builtin/tag.c:476
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "object"
+msgstr "坏对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:541 builtin/notes.c:698
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "reuse and edit specified note object"
+msgstr "不能写注解对象"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:544 builtin/notes.c:701
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "reuse specified note object"
+msgstr "不能写注解对象"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:546 builtin/notes.c:614
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "replace existing notes"
+msgstr "不能读取现存对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:580
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot add notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr "不能添加注解。发现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:585 builtin/notes.c:662
+#, c-format
+msgid "Overwriting existing notes for object %s\n"
+msgstr "覆盖对象 %s 现存注解\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:615
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read objects from stdin"
+msgstr "坏对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:617
+msgid "load rewriting config for <command> (implies --stdin)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:635
+msgid "too few parameters"
+msgstr "参数太少"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Cannot copy notes. Found existing notes for object %s. Use '-f' to overwrite "
+"existing notes"
+msgstr "不能拷贝注解。发现对象 %s 已存在注解。使用 '-f' 覆盖现存注解"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:668
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing notes on source object %s. Cannot copy."
+msgstr "源对象 %s 缺少注解。不能拷贝。"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:717
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The -m/-F/-c/-C options have been deprecated for the 'edit' subcommand.\n"
+"Please use 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C' instead.\n"
+msgstr ""
+"子命令 'edit' 的选项 -m/-F/-c/-C 已弃用。\n"
+"请换用 'git notes add -f -m/-F/-c/-C'。\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:864
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "General options"
+msgstr "无效选项：%s"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:866
+msgid "Merge options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:868
+msgid ""
+"resolve notes conflicts using the given strategy (manual/ours/theirs/union/"
+"cat_sort_uniq)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:870
+msgid "Committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:872
+msgid "finalize notes merge by committing unmerged notes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:874
+msgid "Aborting notes merge resolution"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:876
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "abort notes merge"
+msgstr "path '%s'：无法合并"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:971
+#, c-format
+msgid "Object %s has no note\n"
+msgstr "对象 %s 没有注解\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:983
+msgid "attempt to remove non-existent note is not an error"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:986
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read object names from the standard input"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1067
+msgid "notes_ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1068
+msgid "use notes from <notes_ref>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/notes.c:1103 builtin/remote.c:1598
+#, c-format
+msgid "Unknown subcommand: %s"
+msgstr "未知子命令：%s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:23
+msgid "git pack-objects --stdout [options...] [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:24
+msgid "git pack-objects [options...] base-name [< ref-list | < object-list]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:183 builtin/pack-objects.c:186
+#, c-format
+msgid "deflate error (%d)"
+msgstr "压缩错误 (%d)"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2398
+#, c-format
+msgid "unsupported index version %s"
+msgstr "不支持的索引版本 %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2402
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad index version '%s'"
+msgstr "坏的索引版本 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2425
+#, c-format
+msgid "option %s does not accept negative form"
+msgstr "选项 %s 不接受否定格式"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2429
+#, c-format
+msgid "unable to parse value '%s' for option %s"
+msgstr "不能解析选项 %1$s 的值 '%2$s'"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2448
+msgid "do not show progress meter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2450
+msgid "show progress meter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2452
+msgid "show progress meter during object writing phase"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2455
+msgid "similar to --all-progress when progress meter is shown"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2456
+msgid "version[,offset]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2457
+msgid "write the pack index file in the specified idx format version"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2460
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "maximum size of each output pack file"
+msgstr "无法创建输出文件"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2462
+msgid "ignore borrowed objects from alternate object store"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2464
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "ignore packed objects"
+msgstr "不能读取对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2466
+msgid "limit pack window by objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2468
+msgid "limit pack window by memory in addition to object limit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2470
+msgid "maximum length of delta chain allowed in the resulting pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2472
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "reuse existing deltas"
+msgstr "处理 delta 中"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2474
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "reuse existing objects"
+msgstr "不能读取现存对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2476
+msgid "use OFS_DELTA objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2478
+msgid "use threads when searching for best delta matches"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2480
+msgid "do not create an empty pack output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2482
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read revision arguments from standard input"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2484
+msgid "limit the objects to those that are not yet packed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2487
+msgid "include objects reachable from any reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2490
+msgid "include objects referred by reflog entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2493
+msgid "output pack to stdout"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2495
+msgid "include tag objects that refer to objects to be packed"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2497
+msgid "keep unreachable objects"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2498 parse-options.h:141
+msgid "time"
+msgstr "时间"
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2499
+msgid "unpack unreachable objects newer than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2502
+msgid "create thin packs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2504
+msgid "ignore packs that have companion .keep file"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2506
+msgid "pack compression level"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-objects.c:2508
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "do not hide commits by grafts"
+msgstr "不能写提交模版"
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:6
+msgid "git pack-refs [options]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:14
+msgid "pack everything"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/pack-refs.c:15
+msgid "prune loose refs (default)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune-packed.c:7
+msgid "git prune-packed [-n|--dry-run] [-q|--quiet]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:12
+msgid "git prune [-n] [-v] [--expire <time>] [--] [<head>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:132
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "do not remove, show only"
+msgstr "不会删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:133
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "report pruned objects"
+msgstr "不能读取对象 %s"
+
+#: builtin/prune.c:136
+msgid "expire objects older than <time>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:14
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git push [<options>] [<repository> [<refspec>...]]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:45
+msgid "tag shorthand without <tag>"
+msgstr "tag 简写没有跟 <tag> 参数"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:64
+msgid "--delete only accepts plain target ref names"
+msgstr "--delete 只接受简单的目标引用名"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:99
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"To choose either option permanently, see push.default in 'git help config'."
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"为了永久地选择任一选项，参见 'git help config' 中的 push.default。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:102
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The upstream branch of your current branch does not match\n"
+"the name of your current branch.  To push to the upstream branch\n"
+"on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"To push to the branch of the same name on the remote, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+msgstr ""
+"如果您当前分支的上游分支和您当前分支名不匹配，为推送到远程的\n"
+"上游分支，使用\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:%s\n"
+"\n"
+"为推送至远程同名分支，使用\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s %s\n"
+"%s"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:121
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are not currently on a branch.\n"
+"To push the history leading to the current (detached HEAD)\n"
+"state now, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"您当前不在一个分支上。\n"
+"现在为推送当前（分离头指针）的历史，使用\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push %s HEAD:<name-of-remote-branch>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:128
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"The current branch %s has no upstream branch.\n"
+"To push the current branch and set the remote as upstream, use\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+msgstr ""
+"当前分支 %s 没有对应的上游分支。\n"
+"为推送当前分支并建立与远程上游的跟踪，使用\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push --set-upstream %s %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:136
+#, c-format
+msgid "The current branch %s has multiple upstream branches, refusing to push."
+msgstr "当前分支 %s 有多个上游分支，拒绝推送。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"You are pushing to remote '%s', which is not the upstream of\n"
+"your current branch '%s', without telling me what to push\n"
+"to update which remote branch."
+msgstr ""
+"您正推送至远程 '%s'（其并非当前分支 '%s' 的上游），\n"
+"而没有告诉我要推送什么、更新哪个远程分支。"
+
+#  译者：字符串首行行首要添加“warning: ”字串，故此首行要较其余行短
+#: builtin/push.c:151
+msgid ""
+"push.default is unset; its implicit value is changing in\n"
+"Git 2.0 from 'matching' to 'simple'. To squelch this message\n"
+"and maintain the current behavior after the default changes, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"To squelch this message and adopt the new behavior now, use:\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"See 'git help config' and search for 'push.default' for further "
+"information.\n"
+"(the 'simple' mode was introduced in Git 1.7.11. Use the similar mode\n"
+"'current' instead of 'simple' if you sometimes use older versions of Git)"
+msgstr ""
+"push.default 未设置，它的默认值将会在 Git 2.0 由 'matching'\n"
+"修改为 'simple'。若要不再显示本信息并在其默认值改变后维持当前使用习惯，\n"
+"进行如下设置：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default matching\n"
+"\n"
+"若要不再显示本信息并从现在开始采用新的使用习惯，设置：\n"
+"\n"
+"  git config --global push.default simple\n"
+"\n"
+"参见 'git help config' 并查找 'push.default' 以获取更多信息。\n"
+"（'simple' 模式由 Git 1.7.11 版本引入。如果您有时要使用老版本的 Git，\n"
+"为保持兼容，请用 'current' 代替 'simple' 模式）"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:199
+msgid ""
+"You didn't specify any refspecs to push, and push.default is \"nothing\"."
+msgstr "您没有为推送指定任何引用表达式，并且 push.default 为 \"nothing\"。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:206
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because the tip of your current branch is behind\n"
+"its remote counterpart. Merge the remote changes (e.g. 'git pull')\n"
+"before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"更新被拒绝，因为您当前分支的最新提交落后于其对应的远程分支。\n"
+"再次推送前，先与远程变更合并（如 'git pull'）。详见\n"
+"'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' 小节。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:212
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. If you did not intend to push that branch, you may want to\n"
+"specify branches to push or set the 'push.default' configuration variable\n"
+"to 'simple', 'current' or 'upstream' to push only the current branch."
+msgstr ""
+"更新被拒绝，因为推送的一个分支的最新提交落后于其对应的远程分支。\n"
+"如果您并非有意推送该分支，您可以在推送时指定要推送的分支，或者将\n"
+"配置变量 'push.default' 设置为 'simple'、'current' 或 'upstream'\n"
+"以便只推送当前分支。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:218
+msgid ""
+"Updates were rejected because a pushed branch tip is behind its remote\n"
+"counterpart. Check out this branch and merge the remote changes\n"
+"(e.g. 'git pull') before pushing again.\n"
+"See the 'Note about fast-forwards' in 'git push --help' for details."
+msgstr ""
+"更新被拒绝，因为推送的一个分支的最新提交落后于其对应的远程分支。\n"
+"检出该分支并与远程变更合并（如 'git pull'），然后再推送。详见\n"
+"'git push --help' 中的 'Note about fast-forwards' 小节。"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:258
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pushing to %s\n"
+msgstr "推送到 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:262
+#, c-format
+msgid "failed to push some refs to '%s'"
+msgstr "无法推送一些引用到 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:294
+#, c-format
+msgid "bad repository '%s'"
+msgstr "坏的版本库 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:295
+msgid ""
+"No configured push destination.\n"
+"Either specify the URL from the command-line or configure a remote "
+"repository using\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"and then push using the remote name\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+msgstr ""
+"没有配置推送目标。\n"
+"或者通过命令行指定URL，或者用下面命令配置一个远程版本库\n"
+"\n"
+"    git remote add <name> <url>\n"
+"\n"
+"然后使用该远程版本库名执行推送\n"
+"\n"
+"    git push <name>\n"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:310
+msgid "--all and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all 和 --tags 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:311
+msgid "--all can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--all 不能和引用表达式同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:316
+msgid "--mirror and --tags are incompatible"
+msgstr "--mirror 和 --tags 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:317
+msgid "--mirror can't be combined with refspecs"
+msgstr "--mirror 不能和引用表达式同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:322
+msgid "--all and --mirror are incompatible"
+msgstr "--all 和 --mirror 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:382
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "repository"
+msgstr "坏的版本库 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:383
+msgid "push all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:384
+msgid "mirror all refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:386
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "delete refs"
+msgstr "删除"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:387
+msgid "push tags (can't be used with --all or --mirror)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:390
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "force updates"
+msgstr "强制更新"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:391
+msgid "check"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:392
+msgid "control recursive pushing of submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:394
+msgid "use thin pack"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:395 builtin/push.c:396
+msgid "receive pack program"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:397
+msgid "set upstream for git pull/status"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:400
+msgid "prune locally removed refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/push.c:410
+msgid "--delete is incompatible with --all, --mirror and --tags"
+msgstr "--delete 与 --all、--mirror 及 --tags 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/push.c:412
+msgid "--delete doesn't make sense without any refs"
+msgstr "--delete 未接任何引用没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:36
+msgid ""
+"git read-tree [[-m [--trivial] [--aggressive] | --reset | --prefix=<prefix>] "
+"[-u [--exclude-per-directory=<gitignore>] | -i]] [--no-sparse-checkout] [--"
+"index-output=<file>] (--empty | <tree-ish1> [<tree-ish2> [<tree-ish3>]])"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:108
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "write resulting index to <file>"
+msgstr "损坏的索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:111
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only empty the index"
+msgstr "不能读取索引"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:113
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Merging"
+msgstr "合并："
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:115
+msgid "perform a merge in addition to a read"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:117
+msgid "3-way merge if no file level merging required"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:119
+msgid "3-way merge in presence of adds and removes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:121
+msgid "same as -m, but discard unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:122
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "<subdirectory>/"
+msgstr "目录/文件"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:123
+msgid "read the tree into the index under <subdirectory>/"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:126
+msgid "update working tree with merge result"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:128
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "gitignore"
+msgstr "忽略的"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:129
+msgid "allow explicitly ignored files to be overwritten"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:132
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't check the working tree after merging"
+msgstr "显示工作区状态"
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:133
+msgid "don't update the index or the work tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:135
+msgid "skip applying sparse checkout filter"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/read-tree.c:137
+msgid "debug unpack-trees"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:11
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:12
+msgid ""
+"git remote add [-t <branch>] [-m <master>] [-f] [--tags|--no-tags] [--"
+"mirror=<fetch|push>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:13 builtin/remote.c:32
+msgid "git remote rename <old> <new>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:14 builtin/remote.c:37
+msgid "git remote remove <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:15
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:16
+msgid "git remote [-v | --verbose] show [-n] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:17
+msgid "git remote prune [-n | --dry-run] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:18
+msgid ""
+"git remote [-v | --verbose] update [-p | --prune] [(<group> | <remote>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:19
+msgid "git remote set-branches [--add] <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:20 builtin/remote.c:68
+msgid "git remote set-url [--push] <name> <newurl> [<oldurl>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:21 builtin/remote.c:69
+msgid "git remote set-url --add <name> <newurl>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:22 builtin/remote.c:70
+msgid "git remote set-url --delete <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:27
+msgid "git remote add [<options>] <name> <url>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:42
+msgid "git remote set-head <name> (-a | -d | <branch>])"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:47
+msgid "git remote set-branches <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:48
+msgid "git remote set-branches --add <name> <branch>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:53
+msgid "git remote show [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:58
+msgid "git remote prune [<options>] <name>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:63
+msgid "git remote update [<options>] [<group> | <remote>]..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:98
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updating %s"
+msgstr "更新 %s 中"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:130
+msgid ""
+"--mirror is dangerous and deprecated; please\n"
+"\t use --mirror=fetch or --mirror=push instead"
+msgstr ""
+"--mirror 选项危险且过时，请使用 --mirror=fetch\n"
+"\t 或 --mirror=push"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:147
+#, c-format
+msgid "unknown mirror argument: %s"
+msgstr "未知的镜像参数：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:163
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "fetch the remote branches"
+msgstr "  远程分支：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:165
+msgid "import all tags and associated objects when fetching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:168
+msgid "or do not fetch any tag at all (--no-tags)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:170
+msgid "branch(es) to track"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:171
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "master branch"
+msgstr "  远程分支：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:172
+msgid "push|fetch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:173
+msgid "set up remote as a mirror to push to or fetch from"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:185
+msgid "specifying a master branch makes no sense with --mirror"
+msgstr "指定一个 master 分支并使用 --mirror 选项没有意义"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:187
+msgid "specifying branches to track makes sense only with fetch mirrors"
+msgstr "指定要跟踪的分支只在与获取镜像同时使用才有意义"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:195 builtin/remote.c:646
+#, c-format
+msgid "remote %s already exists."
+msgstr "远程 %s 已经存在。"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:199 builtin/remote.c:650
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid remote name"
+msgstr "'%s' 不是一个有效的远程名称"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:243
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup master '%s'"
+msgstr "无法设置 master '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:299
+#, c-format
+msgid "more than one %s"
+msgstr "多于一个 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:339
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not get fetch map for refspec %s"
+msgstr "无法得到引用表达式 %s 的获取列表"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:440 builtin/remote.c:448
+msgid "(matching)"
+msgstr "（匹配）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:452
+msgid "(delete)"
+msgstr "（删除）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:595 builtin/remote.c:601 builtin/remote.c:607
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "不能添加 '%s' 至 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:639 builtin/remote.c:792 builtin/remote.c:890
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote: %s"
+msgstr "没有这样的远程：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:656
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not rename config section '%s' to '%s'"
+msgstr "不能重命名配置小节 '%s' 到 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:662 builtin/remote.c:799
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove config section '%s'"
+msgstr "不能移除配置小节 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:677
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"Not updating non-default fetch refspec\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\tPlease update the configuration manually if necessary."
+msgstr ""
+"没有更新非默认的获取引用表达式\n"
+"\t%s\n"
+"\t如果必要请手动更新配置。"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:683
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not append '%s'"
+msgstr "不能追加 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:694
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not set '%s'"
+msgstr "不能设置 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:716
+#, c-format
+msgid "deleting '%s' failed"
+msgstr "删除 '%s' 失败"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:750
+#, c-format
+msgid "creating '%s' failed"
+msgstr "创建 '%s' 失败"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:764
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not remove branch %s"
+msgstr "无法移除分支 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:834
+msgid ""
+"Note: A branch outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy was not removed;\n"
+"to delete it, use:"
+msgid_plural ""
+"Note: Some branches outside the refs/remotes/ hierarchy were not removed;\n"
+"to delete them, use:"
+msgstr[0] "注意：ref/remotes 层级之外的一个分支未被移除。要删除它，使用："
+msgstr[1] "注意：ref/remotes 层级之外的一些分支未被移除。要删除它们，使用："
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:943
+#, c-format
+msgid " new (next fetch will store in remotes/%s)"
+msgstr " 新的（下一次获取将存储于 remotes/%s）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:946
+msgid " tracked"
+msgstr " 已跟踪"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:948
+msgid " stale (use 'git remote prune' to remove)"
+msgstr " 过时（使用 'git remote prune' 来移除）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:950
+msgid " ???"
+msgstr " ???"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:991
+#, c-format
+msgid "invalid branch.%s.merge; cannot rebase onto > 1 branch"
+msgstr "无效的 branch.%s.merge，不能变基到一个以上的分支"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:998
+#, c-format
+msgid "rebases onto remote %s"
+msgstr "变基到远程 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1001
+#, c-format
+msgid " merges with remote %s"
+msgstr " 与远程 %s 合并"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1002
+msgid "    and with remote"
+msgstr "    且有远程"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1004
+#, c-format
+msgid "merges with remote %s"
+msgstr "与远程 %s 合并"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1005
+msgid "   and with remote"
+msgstr "   且有远程"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1051
+msgid "create"
+msgstr "创建"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1054
+msgid "delete"
+msgstr "删除"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1058
+msgid "up to date"
+msgstr "最新"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1061
+msgid "fast-forwardable"
+msgstr "可快进"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1064
+msgid "local out of date"
+msgstr "本地已过时"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1071
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s 强制推送至 %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1074
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %-*s (%s)"
+msgstr "    %-*s 推送至 %-*s (%s)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1078
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s forces to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s 强制推送至 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1081
+#, c-format
+msgid "    %-*s pushes to %s"
+msgstr "    %-*s 推送至 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1091
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "do not query remotes"
+msgstr "不会删除 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1118
+#, c-format
+msgid "* remote %s"
+msgstr "* 远程 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1119
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Fetch URL: %s"
+msgstr "  获取地址：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1120 builtin/remote.c:1285
+msgid "(no URL)"
+msgstr "(无 URL)"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1129 builtin/remote.c:1131
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Push  URL: %s"
+msgstr "  推送地址：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1133 builtin/remote.c:1135 builtin/remote.c:1137
+#, c-format
+msgid "  HEAD branch: %s"
+msgstr "  HEAD分支：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1139
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"  HEAD branch (remote HEAD is ambiguous, may be one of the following):\n"
+msgstr "  HEAD 分支（远程 HEAD 模糊，可能是下列中的一个）：\n"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1151
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Remote branch:%s"
+msgid_plural "  Remote branches:%s"
+msgstr[0] "  远程分支：%s"
+msgstr[1] "  远程分支：%s"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#: builtin/remote.c:1154 builtin/remote.c:1181
+msgid " (status not queried)"
+msgstr "（状态未查询）"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1163
+msgid "  Local branch configured for 'git pull':"
+msgid_plural "  Local branches configured for 'git pull':"
+msgstr[0] "  为 'git pull' 配置的本地分支："
+msgstr[1] "  为 'git pull' 配置的本地分支："
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1171
+msgid "  Local refs will be mirrored by 'git push'"
+msgstr "  本地引用将在 'git push' 时被镜像"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1178
+#, c-format
+msgid "  Local ref configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgid_plural "  Local refs configured for 'git push'%s:"
+msgstr[0] "  为 'git push' 配置的本地引用%s："
+msgstr[1] "  为 'git push' 配置的本地引用%s："
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1199
+msgid "set refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD according to remote"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1201
+msgid "delete refs/remotes/<name>/HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1216
+msgid "Cannot determine remote HEAD"
+msgstr "无法确定远程 HEAD"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1218
+msgid "Multiple remote HEAD branches. Please choose one explicitly with:"
+msgstr "多个远程 HEAD 分支。请明确地选择一个用命令："
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1228
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not delete %s"
+msgstr "无法删除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1236
+#, c-format
+msgid "Not a valid ref: %s"
+msgstr "不是一个有效引用：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1238
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not setup %s"
+msgstr "不能设置 %s"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/remote.c:1274
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s will become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s 将成为悬空状态！"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: builtin/remote.c:1275
+#, c-format
+msgid " %s has become dangling!"
+msgstr " %s 已成为悬空状态！"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1281
+#, c-format
+msgid "Pruning %s"
+msgstr "修剪 %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1282
+#, c-format
+msgid "URL: %s"
+msgstr "URL：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1295
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [would prune] %s"
+msgstr " * [将删除] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1298
+#, c-format
+msgid " * [pruned] %s"
+msgstr " * [已删除] %s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1321
+msgid "prune remotes after fetching"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1387 builtin/remote.c:1461
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such remote '%s'"
+msgstr "没有此远程 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1407
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "add branch"
+msgstr "位于分支 "
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1414
+msgid "no remote specified"
+msgstr "未指定远程"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1436
+msgid "manipulate push URLs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1438
+msgid "add URL"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1440
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "delete URLs"
+msgstr "删除"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1447
+msgid "--add --delete doesn't make sense"
+msgstr "--add --delete 无意义"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1487
+#, c-format
+msgid "Invalid old URL pattern: %s"
+msgstr "无效的旧URL匹配模版：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1495
+#, c-format
+msgid "No such URL found: %s"
+msgstr "未找到此URL：%s"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1497
+msgid "Will not delete all non-push URLs"
+msgstr "将不会删除所有非推送URL地址"
+
+#: builtin/remote.c:1569
+msgid "be verbose; must be placed before a subcommand"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:17
+msgid "git replace [-f] <object> <replacement>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:18
+msgid "git replace -d <object>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:19
+msgid "git replace -l [<pattern>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:118
+msgid "list replace refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:119
+msgid "delete replace refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/replace.c:120
+msgid "replace the ref if it exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:11
+msgid "git rerere [clear | forget path... | status | remaining | diff | gc]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rerere.c:56
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "register clean resolutions in index"
+msgstr "%s：已经存在于索引中"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:25
+msgid ""
+"git reset [--mixed | --soft | --hard | --merge | --keep] [-q] [<commit>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:26
+msgid "git reset [-q] <commit> [--] <paths>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:27
+msgid "git reset --patch [<commit>] [--] [<paths>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "mixed"
+msgstr "混杂"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "soft"
+msgstr "软性"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "hard"
+msgstr "硬性"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "merge"
+msgstr "合并"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:33
+msgid "keep"
+msgstr "保持"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:77
+msgid "You do not have a valid HEAD."
+msgstr "您没有一个有效的 HEAD。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:79
+msgid "Failed to find tree of HEAD."
+msgstr "无法找到 HEAD 指向的树。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:85
+#, c-format
+msgid "Failed to find tree of %s."
+msgstr "无法找到 %s 指向的树。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:96
+msgid "Could not write new index file."
+msgstr "不能写入新的索引文件。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:106
+#, c-format
+msgid "HEAD is now at %s"
+msgstr "HEAD 现在位于 %s"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:130
+msgid "Could not read index"
+msgstr "不能读取索引"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:133
+msgid "Unstaged changes after reset:"
+msgstr "重置后撤出暂存区的变更："
+
+#  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s前后空格
+#: builtin/reset.c:223
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do a %s reset in the middle of a merge."
+msgstr "在合并过程中不能做%s重置操作。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:238
+msgid "be quiet, only report errors"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:240
+msgid "reset HEAD and index"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:241
+msgid "reset only HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:243 builtin/reset.c:245
+msgid "reset HEAD, index and working tree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:247
+msgid "reset HEAD but keep local changes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:303
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not parse object '%s'."
+msgstr "不能解析对象 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:308
+msgid "--patch is incompatible with --{hard,mixed,soft}"
+msgstr "--patch 与 --{hard,mixed,soft} 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:317
+msgid "--mixed with paths is deprecated; use 'git reset -- <paths>' instead."
+msgstr "--mixed 带路径已弃用，而是用 'git reset -- <paths>'。"
+
+#  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s前后空格
+#: builtin/reset.c:319
+#, c-format
+msgid "Cannot do %s reset with paths."
+msgstr "不能带路径进行%s重置。"
+
+#  译者：汉字之间无空格，故删除%s前后空格
+#: builtin/reset.c:331
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s reset is not allowed in a bare repository"
+msgstr "不能对裸版本库进行%s重置"
+
+#: builtin/reset.c:347
+#, c-format
+msgid "Could not reset index file to revision '%s'."
+msgstr "不能重置索引文件至版本 '%s'。"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:339
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:344
+msgid "keep the `--` passed as an arg"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:346
+msgid "stop parsing after the first non-option argument"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rev-parse.c:464
+msgid ""
+"git rev-parse --parseopt [options] -- [<args>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse --sq-quote [<arg>...]\n"
+"   or: git rev-parse [options] [<arg>...]\n"
+"\n"
+"Run \"git rev-parse --parseopt -h\" for more information on the first usage."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:22
+msgid "git revert [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:23
+msgid "git revert <subcommand>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:28
+msgid "git cherry-pick [options] <commit-ish>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:29
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git cherry-pick <subcommand>"
+msgstr "拣选失败"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:70 builtin/revert.c:92
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: %s cannot be used with %s"
+msgstr "%s：%s 不能和 %s 同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:103
+msgid "end revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:104
+msgid "resume revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:105
+msgid "cancel revert or cherry-pick sequence"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:106
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "don't automatically commit"
+msgstr "不能作为初始提交还原"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:107
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "edit the commit message"
+msgstr "空提交信息。"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:110
+msgid "parent number"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:112
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "merge strategy"
+msgstr "尝试合并策略 %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:113
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "option"
+msgstr "动作"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:114
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "option for merge strategy"
+msgstr "尝试合并策略 %s...\n"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:125
+msgid "append commit name"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:126
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "allow fast-forward"
+msgstr "（非快进式）"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:127
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "preserve initially empty commits"
+msgstr "不能作为初始提交还原"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:128
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "allow commits with empty messages"
+msgstr "提交说明为空"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:129
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "keep redundant, empty commits"
+msgstr "合并未返回提交"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:133
+msgid "program error"
+msgstr "程序错误"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:223
+msgid "revert failed"
+msgstr "还原失败"
+
+#: builtin/revert.c:238
+msgid "cherry-pick failed"
+msgstr "拣选失败"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:14
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git rm [options] [--] <file>..."
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:109
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has staged content different from both the file and the HEAD\n"
+"(use -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 暂存的内容和工作区及 HEAD 中的都不一样\n"
+"（使用 -f 强制删除）"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:115
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has changes staged in the index\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 有变更已暂存至索引中\n"
+"（使用 --cached 保存文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:119
+#, c-format
+msgid ""
+"'%s' has local modifications\n"
+"(use --cached to keep the file, or -f to force removal)"
+msgstr ""
+"'%s' 有本地修改\n"
+"（使用 --cached 保存文件，或用 -f 强制删除）"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:134
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "do not list removed files"
+msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:135
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only remove from the index"
+msgstr "不能从索引中移除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:136
+msgid "override the up-to-date check"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:137
+msgid "allow recursive removal"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:139
+msgid "exit with a zero status even if nothing matched"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:194
+#, c-format
+msgid "not removing '%s' recursively without -r"
+msgstr "未提供 -r 选项不会递归删除 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/rm.c:230
+#, c-format
+msgid "git rm: unable to remove %s"
+msgstr "git rm：不能删除 %s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:13
+msgid "git shortlog [-n] [-s] [-e] [-w] [rev-opts] [--] [<commit-id>... ]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:157
+#, c-format
+msgid "Missing author: %s"
+msgstr "缺少作者：%s"
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:253
+msgid "sort output according to the number of commits per author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:255
+msgid "Suppress commit descriptions, only provides commit count"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:257
+msgid "Show the email address of each author"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:258
+msgid "w[,i1[,i2]]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/shortlog.c:259
+msgid "Linewrap output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:9
+msgid ""
+"git show-branch [-a|--all] [-r|--remotes] [--topo-order | --date-order] [--"
+"current] [--color[=<when>] | --no-color] [--sparse] [--more=<n> | --list | --"
+"independent | --merge-base] [--no-name | --sha1-name] [--topics] [(<rev> | "
+"<glob>)...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:10
+msgid "git show-branch (-g|--reflog)[=<n>[,<base>]] [--list] [<ref>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:651
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show remote-tracking and local branches"
+msgstr "%s 没有来自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:653
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "show remote-tracking branches"
+msgstr "%s 没有来自 %s 的远程跟踪分支"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:655
+msgid "color '*!+-' corresponding to the branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:657
+msgid "show <n> more commits after the common ancestor"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:659
+msgid "synonym to more=-1"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:660
+msgid "suppress naming strings"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:662
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "include the current branch"
+msgstr "没有当前分支。"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:664
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "name commits with their object names"
+msgstr "不能写注解对象"
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:666
+msgid "show possible merge bases"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:668
+msgid "show refs unreachable from any other ref"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:670
+msgid "show commits in topological order"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:672
+msgid "show only commits not on the first branch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:674
+msgid "show merges reachable from only one tip"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:676
+msgid "show commits where no parent comes before its children"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:678
+msgid "<n>[,<base>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-branch.c:679
+msgid "show <n> most recent ref-log entries starting at base"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:10
+msgid ""
+"git show-ref [-q|--quiet] [--verify] [--head] [-d|--dereference] [-s|--hash"
+"[=<n>]] [--abbrev[=<n>]] [--tags] [--heads] [--] [pattern*] "
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:11
+msgid "git show-ref --exclude-existing[=pattern] < ref-list"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:182
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only show tags (can be combined with heads)"
+msgstr "--all 不能和引用表达式同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:183
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "only show heads (can be combined with tags)"
+msgstr "--all 不能和引用表达式同时使用"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:184
+msgid "stricter reference checking, requires exact ref path"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:187 builtin/show-ref.c:189
+msgid "show the HEAD reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:191
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "dereference tags into object IDs"
+msgstr "引用不是一个树：%s"
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:193
+msgid "only show SHA1 hash using <n> digits"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:197
+msgid "do not print results to stdout (useful with --verify)"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/show-ref.c:199
+msgid "show refs from stdin that aren't in local repository"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:7
+msgid "git symbolic-ref [options] name [ref]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:38
+msgid "suppress error message for non-symbolic (detached) refs"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:39
+msgid "shorten ref output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/symbolic-ref.c:40 builtin/update-ref.c:18
+msgid "reason of the update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:22
+msgid ""
+"git tag [-a|-s|-u <key-id>] [-f] [-m <msg>|-F <file>] <tagname> [<head>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:23
+msgid "git tag -d <tagname>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:24
+msgid ""
+"git tag -l [-n[<num>]] [--contains <commit>] [--points-at <object>] \n"
+"\t\t[<pattern>...]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:26
+msgid "git tag -v <tagname>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:60
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object at '%s'"
+msgstr "非法的对象于 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:207
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag name too long: %.*s..."
+msgstr "tag 名字太长：%.*s..."
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:212
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' not found."
+msgstr "tag '%s' 未发现。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:227
+#, c-format
+msgid "Deleted tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "已删除 tag '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:239
+#, c-format
+msgid "could not verify the tag '%s'"
+msgstr "不能校验 tag '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:249
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be ignored.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# 输入一个 tag 说明\n"
+"# 以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略。\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:256
+msgid ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# Write a tag message\n"
+"# Lines starting with '#' will be kept; you may remove them yourself if you "
+"want to.\n"
+"#\n"
+msgstr ""
+"\n"
+"#\n"
+"# 输入一个 tag 说明\n"
+"# 以 '#' 开头的行将被忽略，您可以删除它们如果您想这样做。\n"
+"#\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:298
+msgid "unable to sign the tag"
+msgstr "无法签署 tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:300
+msgid "unable to write tag file"
+msgstr "无法写 tag 文件"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:325
+msgid "bad object type."
+msgstr "坏的对象类型。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:338
+msgid "tag header too big."
+msgstr "tag 头信息太大。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:370
+msgid "no tag message?"
+msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:376
+#, c-format
+msgid "The tag message has been left in %s\n"
+msgstr "tag 说明被保留在 %s\n"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:425
+msgid "switch 'points-at' requires an object"
+msgstr "开关 'points-at' 需要一个对象"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:427
+#, c-format
+msgid "malformed object name '%s'"
+msgstr "非法的对象名 '%s'"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:447
+msgid "list tag names"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:449
+msgid "print <n> lines of each tag message"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:451
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "delete tags"
+msgstr "删除"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:452
+msgid "verify tags"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:454
+msgid "Tag creation options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:456
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "annotated tag, needs a message"
+msgstr "注释 tag %s 没有嵌入名称"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:458
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "tag message"
+msgstr "无 tag 说明？"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:460
+msgid "annotated and GPG-signed tag"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:464
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "use another key to sign the tag"
+msgstr "无法签署 tag"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:465
+msgid "replace the tag if exists"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:466
+msgid "show tag list in columns"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:468
+msgid "Tag listing options"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:471
+msgid "print only tags that contain the commit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:477
+msgid "print only tags of the object"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:506
+msgid "--column and -n are incompatible"
+msgstr "--column 和 -n 不兼容"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:523
+msgid "-n option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "-n 选项只允许和 -l 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:525
+msgid "--contains option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "--contains 选项只允许和 -l 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:527
+msgid "--points-at option is only allowed with -l."
+msgstr "--points-at 选项只允许和 -l 同时使用。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:535
+msgid "only one -F or -m option is allowed."
+msgstr "只允许一个 -F 或 -m 选项。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:555
+msgid "too many params"
+msgstr "太多参数"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:561
+#, c-format
+msgid "'%s' is not a valid tag name."
+msgstr "'%s' 不是一个有效的tag名称。"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:566
+#, c-format
+msgid "tag '%s' already exists"
+msgstr "tag '%s' 已存在"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:584
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot lock the ref"
+msgstr "%s：不能锁定引用"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:586
+#, c-format
+msgid "%s: cannot update the ref"
+msgstr "%s：不能更新引用"
+
+#: builtin/tag.c:588
+#, c-format
+msgid "Updated tag '%s' (was %s)\n"
+msgstr "已更新tag '%s'（曾为 %s）\n"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:401
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "git update-index [options] [--] [<file>...]"
+msgstr "git apply [选项] [<补丁>...]"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:717
+msgid "continue refresh even when index needs update"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:720
+msgid "refresh: ignore submodules"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:723
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "do not ignore new files"
+msgstr "无法存储索引文件"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:725
+msgid "let files replace directories and vice-versa"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:727
+msgid "notice files missing from worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:729
+msgid "refresh even if index contains unmerged entries"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:732
+msgid "refresh stat information"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:736
+msgid "like --refresh, but ignore assume-unchanged setting"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:740
+msgid "<mode> <object> <path>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:741
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "add the specified entry to the index"
+msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:745
+msgid "(+/-)x"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:746
+msgid "override the executable bit of the listed files"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:750
+msgid "mark files as \"not changing\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:753
+msgid "clear assumed-unchanged bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:756
+msgid "mark files as \"index-only\""
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:759
+msgid "clear skip-worktree bit"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:762
+msgid "add to index only; do not add content to object database"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:764
+msgid "remove named paths even if present in worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:766
+msgid "with --stdin: input lines are terminated by null bytes"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:768
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "read list of paths to be updated from standard input"
+msgstr "（正从标准输入中读取日志信息）\n"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:772
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "add entries from standard input to the index"
+msgstr "不能从标准输入中读取日志信息"
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:776
+msgid "repopulate stages #2 and #3 for the listed paths"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:780
+msgid "only update entries that differ from HEAD"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:784
+msgid "ignore files missing from worktree"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:787
+msgid "report actions to standard output"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:789
+msgid "(for porcelains) forget saved unresolved conflicts"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-index.c:793
+msgid "write index in this format"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:7
+msgid "git update-ref [options] -d <refname> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:8
+msgid "git update-ref [options]    <refname> <newval> [<oldval>]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:19
+msgid "delete the reference"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-ref.c:21
+msgid "update <refname> not the one it points to"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:6
+msgid "git update-server-info [--force]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/update-server-info.c:14
+msgid "update the info files from scratch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:56
+msgid "git verify-pack [-v|--verbose] [-s|--stat-only] <pack>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:66
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "verbose"
+msgstr "冗长输出"
+
+#: builtin/verify-pack.c:68
+msgid "show statistics only"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:17
+msgid "git verify-tag [-v|--verbose] <tag>..."
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/verify-tag.c:73
+msgid "print tag contents"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:13
+msgid "git write-tree [--missing-ok] [--prefix=<prefix>/]"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:26
+msgid "<prefix>/"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:27
+msgid "write tree object for a subdirectory <prefix>"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: builtin/write-tree.c:30
+msgid "only useful for debugging"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git.c:16
+msgid "See 'git help <command>' for more information on a specific command."
+msgstr "参见 'git help <command>' 以获得该特定命令的详细信息。"
+
+#: parse-options.h:156
+msgid "no-op (backward compatibility)"
+msgstr "空操作（向后兼容）"
+
+#: parse-options.h:228
+msgid "be more verbose"
+msgstr "更加详细"
+
+#: parse-options.h:230
+msgid "be more quiet"
+msgstr "更加安静"
+
+#: parse-options.h:236
+msgid "use <n> digits to display SHA-1s"
+msgstr "用 <n> 位数字显示 SHA-1 哈希值"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:8
+msgid "Add file contents to the index"
+msgstr "添加文件内容至索引"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:9
+msgid "Find by binary search the change that introduced a bug"
+msgstr "通过二分查找定位引入 bug 的变更"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:10
+msgid "List, create, or delete branches"
+msgstr "列出、创建或删除分支"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:11
+msgid "Checkout a branch or paths to the working tree"
+msgstr "检出一个分支或路径到工作区"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:12
+msgid "Clone a repository into a new directory"
+msgstr "克隆一个版本库到一个新目录"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:13
+msgid "Record changes to the repository"
+msgstr "记录变更到版本库"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:14
+msgid "Show changes between commits, commit and working tree, etc"
+msgstr "显示提交之间、提交和工作区之间等的差异"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:15
+msgid "Download objects and refs from another repository"
+msgstr "从另外一个版本库下载对象和引用"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:16
+msgid "Print lines matching a pattern"
+msgstr "输出和模式匹配的行"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:17
+msgid "Create an empty git repository or reinitialize an existing one"
+msgstr "创建一个空的 git 版本库或者重新初始化一个"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:18
+msgid "Show commit logs"
+msgstr "显示提交日志"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:19
+msgid "Join two or more development histories together"
+msgstr "合并两个或更多开发历史"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:20
+msgid "Move or rename a file, a directory, or a symlink"
+msgstr "移动或重命名一个文件、目录或符号链接"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:21
+msgid "Fetch from and merge with another repository or a local branch"
+msgstr "获取并合并另外的版本库或一个本地分支"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:22
+msgid "Update remote refs along with associated objects"
+msgstr "更新远程引用和相关的对象"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:23
+msgid "Forward-port local commits to the updated upstream head"
+msgstr "本地提交转移至更新后的上游分支中"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:24
+msgid "Reset current HEAD to the specified state"
+msgstr "重置当前HEAD到指定状态"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:25
+msgid "Remove files from the working tree and from the index"
+msgstr "从工作区和索引中删除文件"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:26
+msgid "Show various types of objects"
+msgstr "显示各种类型的对象"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:27
+msgid "Show the working tree status"
+msgstr "显示工作区状态"
+
+#: common-cmds.h:28
+msgid "Create, list, delete or verify a tag object signed with GPG"
+msgstr "创建、列出、删除或校验一个GPG签名的 tag 对象"
+
+#: git-am.sh:50
+msgid "You need to set your committer info first"
+msgstr "您需要先设置你的提交者信息"
+
+#: git-am.sh:95
+msgid ""
+"You seem to have moved HEAD since the last 'am' failure.\n"
+"Not rewinding to ORIG_HEAD"
+msgstr "您好像在上一次 'am' 失败后移动了 HEAD。未回退至 ORIG_HEAD"
+
+#: git-am.sh:105
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"$cmdline --resolved\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"$cmdline --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching, run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"当您解决了此问题后，执行 \"$cmdline --resolved\"。\n"
+"如果您想跳过此补丁，则执行 \"$cmdline --skip\"。\n"
+"要恢复原分支并停止打补丁，执行 \"$cmdline --abort\"。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:121
+msgid "Cannot fall back to three-way merge."
+msgstr "无法求助于三路合并。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:137
+msgid "Repository lacks necessary blobs to fall back on 3-way merge."
+msgstr "版本库缺乏必要的二进制对象（blob）以进行三路合并。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:139
+msgid "Using index info to reconstruct a base tree..."
+msgstr "更新索引信息以重建基树..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:154
+msgid ""
+"Did you hand edit your patch?\n"
+"It does not apply to blobs recorded in its index."
+msgstr ""
+"您是否曾手动编辑过您的补丁？\n"
+"无法应用补丁到索引中的二进制对象（blob）上。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:163
+msgid "Falling back to patching base and 3-way merge..."
+msgstr "转而在基础版本上打补丁及进行三路合并..."
+
+#: git-am.sh:179
+msgid "Failed to merge in the changes."
+msgstr "无法合并变更。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:274
+msgid "Only one StGIT patch series can be applied at once"
+msgstr "一次只能有一个 StGIT 补丁队列被应用"
+
+#: git-am.sh:361
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch format $patch_format is not supported."
+msgstr "不支持 $patch_format 补丁格式。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:363
+msgid "Patch format detection failed."
+msgstr "补丁格式检测失败。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:389
+msgid ""
+"The -b/--binary option has been a no-op for long time, and\n"
+"it will be removed. Please do not use it anymore."
+msgstr ""
+"参数 -b/--binary 已经很长时间不做任何实质操作了，并且将被删除。\n"
+"请不要再使用它了。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:477
+#, sh-format
+msgid "previous rebase directory $dotest still exists but mbox given."
+msgstr "之前的变基目录 $dotest 仍然存在但给出了mbox。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:482
+msgid "Please make up your mind. --skip or --abort?"
+msgstr "请下决心。--skip 或是 --abort ？"
+
+#: git-am.sh:509
+msgid "Resolve operation not in progress, we are not resuming."
+msgstr "解决操作未进行，我们不会继续。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:575
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dirty index: cannot apply patches (dirty: $files)"
+msgstr "脏的索引：不能应用补丁（脏文件：$files）"
+
+#: git-am.sh:679
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Patch is empty.  Was it split wrong?\n"
+"If you would prefer to skip this patch, instead run \"$cmdline --skip\".\n"
+"To restore the original branch and stop patching run \"$cmdline --abort\"."
+msgstr ""
+"补丁为空。是不是切分错误？\n"
+"如果您想要跳过这个补丁，执行 \"$cmdline --skip\"。\n"
+"要恢复原分支并停止打补丁，执行 \"$cmdline --abort\"。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:706
+msgid "Patch does not have a valid e-mail address."
+msgstr "补丁中没有一个有效的邮件地址。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:753
+msgid "cannot be interactive without stdin connected to a terminal."
+msgstr "标准输入没有和终端关联，不能进行交互式操作。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:757
+msgid "Commit Body is:"
+msgstr "提交内容为："
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [y], [n], [e], [v] and [a]
+#. in your translation. The program will only accept English
+#. input at this point.
+#: git-am.sh:764
+msgid "Apply? [y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+msgstr "应用？[y]es/[n]o/[e]dit/[v]iew patch/[a]ccept all "
+
+#: git-am.sh:800
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Applying: $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "正应用：$FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:821
+msgid ""
+"No changes - did you forget to use 'git add'?\n"
+"If there is nothing left to stage, chances are that something else\n"
+"already introduced the same changes; you might want to skip this patch."
+msgstr ""
+"没有变更 —— 您是不是忘了执行 'git add'？\n"
+"如果没有什么要添加到暂存区的，则很可能是其它提交已经引入了相同的变更。\n"
+"您也许想要跳过这个补丁。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:829
+msgid ""
+"You still have unmerged paths in your index\n"
+"did you forget to use 'git add'?"
+msgstr "您的索引中仍有未合并的路径。您是否忘了执行 'git add'？"
+
+#: git-am.sh:845
+msgid "No changes -- Patch already applied."
+msgstr "没有变更 -- 补丁已经应用过。"
+
+#: git-am.sh:855
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Patch failed at $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+msgstr "补丁失败于 $msgnum $FIRSTLINE"
+
+#: git-am.sh:858
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The copy of the patch that failed is found in:\n"
+"   $dotest/patch"
+msgstr ""
+
+#: git-am.sh:876
+msgid "applying to an empty history"
+msgstr "正应用到一个空历史上"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:48
+msgid "You need to start by \"git bisect start\""
+msgstr "您需要执行 \"git bisect start\" 来开始"
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:54
+msgid "Do you want me to do it for you [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "您想让我为您这样做么[Y/n]？ "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:95
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unrecognised option: '$arg'"
+msgstr "未能识别的选项：'$arg'"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:99
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$arg' does not appear to be a valid revision"
+msgstr "'$arg' 看起来不像是一个有效的版本"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:117
+msgid "Bad HEAD - I need a HEAD"
+msgstr "坏的 HEAD - 我需要一个 HEAD"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:130
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Checking out '$start_head' failed. Try 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'."
+msgstr "检出 '$start_head' 失败。尝试 'git bisect reset <validbranch>'。"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:140
+msgid "won't bisect on seeked tree"
+msgstr "不会在已查找过的树上二分查找"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:144
+msgid "Bad HEAD - strange symbolic ref"
+msgstr "坏的 HEAD - 奇怪的符号引用"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:189
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad bisect_write argument: $state"
+msgstr "坏的 bisect_write 参数：$state"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:218
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $arg"
+msgstr "输入坏的版本：$arg"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:232
+msgid "Please call 'bisect_state' with at least one argument."
+msgstr "请在调用 'bisect_state' 时跟至少一个参数。"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:244
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Bad rev input: $rev"
+msgstr "输入坏的版本：$rev"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:250
+msgid "'git bisect bad' can take only one argument."
+msgstr "'git bisect bad' 只能带一个参数。"
+
+#. have bad but not good.  we could bisect although
+#. this is less optimum.
+#: git-bisect.sh:273
+msgid "Warning: bisecting only with a bad commit."
+msgstr "警告：在仅有一个坏提交下进行二分查找。"
+
+#  译者：注意保持句尾空格
+#. TRANSLATORS: Make sure to include [Y] and [n] in your
+#. translation. The program will only accept English input
+#. at this point.
+#: git-bisect.sh:279
+msgid "Are you sure [Y/n]? "
+msgstr "您确认么[Y/n]？ "
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:289
+msgid ""
+"You need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"您需要给我至少一个好版本和一个坏版本。\n"
+"（您可以用 \"git bisect bad\" 和 \"git bisect good\" 命令来标识。）"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:292
+msgid ""
+"You need to start by \"git bisect start\".\n"
+"You then need to give me at least one good and one bad revisions.\n"
+"(You can use \"git bisect bad\" and \"git bisect good\" for that.)"
+msgstr ""
+"您需要执行 \"git bisect start\" 来开始。\n"
+"然后需要提供我至少一个好版本和一个坏版本。\n"
+"（您可以用 \"git bisect bad\" 和 \"git bisect good\" 命令来标识。）"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:347 git-bisect.sh:474
+msgid "We are not bisecting."
+msgstr "我们没有在二分查找。"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:354
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$invalid' is not a valid commit"
+msgstr "'$invalid' 不是一个有效的提交"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:363
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Could not check out original HEAD '$branch'.\n"
+"Try 'git bisect reset <commit>'."
+msgstr ""
+"不能检出原始 HEAD '$branch'。\n"
+"尝试 'git bisect reset <commit>'。"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:390
+msgid "No logfile given"
+msgstr "未提供日志文件"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:391
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot read $file for replaying"
+msgstr "不能读取 $file 来重放"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:408
+msgid "?? what are you talking about?"
+msgstr "?? 您在说什么?"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:420
+#, sh-format
+msgid "running $command"
+msgstr "运行 $command"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"exit code $res from '$command' is < 0 or >= 128"
+msgstr ""
+"二分查找运行失败：\n"
+"命令 '$command' 的退出码 $res 或者小于 0 或者大于等于 128"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:453
+msgid "bisect run cannot continue any more"
+msgstr "二分查找不能继续运行"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:459
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"bisect run failed:\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' exited with error code $res"
+msgstr ""
+"二分查找运行失败：\n"
+"'bisect_state $state' 退出码为 $res"
+
+#: git-bisect.sh:466
+msgid "bisect run success"
+msgstr "二分查找运行成功"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:21
+msgid ""
+"Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files.\n"
+"Please, fix them up in the work tree, and then use 'git add/rm <file>'\n"
+"as appropriate to mark resolution, or use 'git commit -a'."
+msgstr ""
+"Pull 不可用，因为您尚有未合并的文件。请先在工作区改正文件，\n"
+"然后酌情使用 'git add/rm <file>' 标记解决方案，\n"
+"或者使用 'git commit -a'。"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:25
+msgid "Pull is not possible because you have unmerged files."
+msgstr "Pull 不可用，因为您尚有未合并的文件。"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:197
+msgid "updating an unborn branch with changes added to the index"
+msgstr "更新尚未诞生的分支，变更添加至索引"
+
+#. The fetch involved updating the current branch.
+#. The working tree and the index file is still based on the
+#. $orig_head commit, but we are merging into $curr_head.
+#. First update the working tree to match $curr_head.
+#: git-pull.sh:228
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Warning: fetch updated the current branch head.\n"
+"Warning: fast-forwarding your working tree from\n"
+"Warning: commit $orig_head."
+msgstr ""
+"警告：fetch 更新了当前的分支。您的工作区\n"
+"警告：从原提交 $orig_head 快进。"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot merge multiple branches into empty head"
+msgstr "无法将多个分支合并到空分支"
+
+#: git-pull.sh:257
+msgid "Cannot rebase onto multiple branches"
+msgstr "无法变基到多个分支"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:52
+msgid ""
+"When you have resolved this problem, run \"git rebase --continue\".\n"
+"If you prefer to skip this patch, run \"git rebase --skip\" instead.\n"
+"To check out the original branch and stop rebasing, run \"git rebase --abort"
+"\"."
+msgstr ""
+"当您解决了此问题后，执行 \"git rebase --continue\"。\n"
+"如果您想跳过此补丁，则执行 \"git rebase --skip\"。\n"
+"要恢复原分支并停止变基，执行 \"git rebase --abort\"。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:159
+msgid "The pre-rebase hook refused to rebase."
+msgstr "钩子 pre-rebase 拒绝变基。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:164
+msgid "It looks like git-am is in progress. Cannot rebase."
+msgstr "似乎正处于在 git-am 的执行过程中。无法变基。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:295
+msgid "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option"
+msgstr "选项 --exec 必须和选项 --interactive 同时使用"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:300
+msgid "No rebase in progress?"
+msgstr "没有正在进行的变基？"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:313
+msgid "Cannot read HEAD"
+msgstr "不能读取 HEAD"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:316
+msgid ""
+"You must edit all merge conflicts and then\n"
+"mark them as resolved using git add"
+msgstr ""
+"您必须编辑所有的合并冲突，然后通过 git add\n"
+"命令将它们标记为已解决"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:334
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Could not move back to $head_name"
+msgstr "无法移回 $head_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:350
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"It seems that there is already a $state_dir_base directory, and\n"
+"I wonder if you are in the middle of another rebase.  If that is the\n"
+"case, please try\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"If that is not the case, please\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"and run me again.  I am stopping in case you still have something\n"
+"valuable there."
+msgstr ""
+"好像已有一个 $state_dir_base 目录，我怀疑您正处于另外一个变基过程中。\n"
+"如果是这样，请尝试执行\n"
+"\t$cmd_live_rebase\n"
+"如果不是这样，请执行\n"
+"\t$cmd_clear_stale_rebase\n"
+"然后再重新执行变基。为避免您丢失重要数据，我已经停止当前操作。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:395
+#, sh-format
+msgid "invalid upstream $upstream_name"
+msgstr "无效的上游 $upstream_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:419
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there are more than one merge bases"
+msgstr "$onto_name: 有一个以上的合并基准"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:422 git-rebase.sh:426
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$onto_name: there is no merge base"
+msgstr "$onto_name: 没有合并基准"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:431
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Does not point to a valid commit: $onto_name"
+msgstr "没有指向一个有效的提交：$onto_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:454
+#, sh-format
+msgid "fatal: no such branch: $branch_name"
+msgstr "严重错误：无此分支：$branch_name"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:474
+msgid "Please commit or stash them."
+msgstr "请提交或为它们保存进度。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date."
+msgstr "当前分支 $branch_name 是最新的。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:495
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Current branch $branch_name is up to date, rebase forced."
+msgstr "当前分支 $branch_name 是最新的，强制变基。"
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:506
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Changes from $mb to $onto:"
+msgstr "变更从 $mb 到 $onto："
+
+#. Detach HEAD and reset the tree
+#: git-rebase.sh:515
+msgid "First, rewinding head to replay your work on top of it..."
+msgstr "首先，重置头指针以便在上面重放您的工作..."
+
+#: git-rebase.sh:523
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Fast-forwarded $branch_name to $onto_name."
+msgstr "快进 $branch_name 至 $onto_name。"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:51
+msgid "git stash clear with parameters is unimplemented"
+msgstr "git stash clear 不支持参数"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:74
+msgid "You do not have the initial commit yet"
+msgstr "您尚未建立初始提交"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:89
+msgid "Cannot save the current index state"
+msgstr "无法保存当前索引状态"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:123 git-stash.sh:136
+msgid "Cannot save the current worktree state"
+msgstr "无法保存当前工作区状态"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:140
+msgid "No changes selected"
+msgstr "没有选择变更"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:143
+msgid "Cannot remove temporary index (can't happen)"
+msgstr "无法删除临时索引（不应发生）"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:156
+msgid "Cannot record working tree state"
+msgstr "不能记录工作区状态"
+
+#. TRANSLATORS: $option is an invalid option, like
+#. `--blah-blah'. The 7 spaces at the beginning of the
+#. second line correspond to "error: ". So you should line
+#. up the second line with however many characters the
+#. translation of "error: " takes in your language. E.g. in
+#. English this is:
+#.
+#. $ git stash save --blah-blah 2>&1 | head -n 2
+#. error: unknown option for 'stash save': --blah-blah
+#. To provide a message, use git stash save -- '--blah-blah'
+#: git-stash.sh:202
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"error: unknown option for 'stash save': $option\n"
+"       To provide a message, use git stash save -- '$option'"
+msgstr ""
+"错误：'stash save' 的未知选项：$option\n"
+"      要提供一个描述信息，使用 git stash save -- '$option'"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:223
+msgid "No local changes to save"
+msgstr "没有要保存的本地修改"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:227
+msgid "Cannot initialize stash"
+msgstr "无法初始化 stash"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:235
+msgid "Cannot save the current status"
+msgstr "无法保存当前状态"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:253
+msgid "Cannot remove worktree changes"
+msgstr "无法删除工作区变更"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:352
+msgid "No stash found."
+msgstr "未发现 stash。"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:359
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Too many revisions specified: $REV"
+msgstr "指定了太多的版本：$REV"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "$reference is not valid reference"
+msgstr "$reference 不是有效的引用"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:393
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash-like commit"
+msgstr "'$args' 不是 stash 样提交"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:404
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$args' is not a stash reference"
+msgstr "'$args' 不是一个 stash 引用"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:412
+msgid "unable to refresh index"
+msgstr "无法刷新索引"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:416
+msgid "Cannot apply a stash in the middle of a merge"
+msgstr "无法在合并过程中恢复进度"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:424
+msgid "Conflicts in index. Try without --index."
+msgstr "索引中有冲突。尝试不使用 --index。"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:426
+msgid "Could not save index tree"
+msgstr "不能保存索引树"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:460
+msgid "Cannot unstage modified files"
+msgstr "无法还原修改的文件"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:475
+msgid "Index was not unstashed."
+msgstr "索引的进度没有被恢复。"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:492
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Dropped ${REV} ($s)"
+msgstr "丢弃了 ${REV} ($s)"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:493
+#, sh-format
+msgid "${REV}: Could not drop stash entry"
+msgstr "${REV}：不能丢弃进度条目"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:500
+msgid "No branch name specified"
+msgstr "未指定分支名"
+
+#: git-stash.sh:571
+msgid "(To restore them type \"git stash apply\")"
+msgstr "（为恢复数据输入 \"git stash apply\"）"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:88
+#, sh-format
+msgid "cannot strip one component off url '$remoteurl'"
+msgstr "无法从 url '$remoteurl' 剥离一个组件"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:167
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No submodule mapping found in .gitmodules for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "未在 .gitmodules 中发现路径 '$sm_path' 的子模组映射"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:211
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Clone of '$url' into submodule path '$sm_path' failed"
+msgstr "无法克隆 '$url' 到子模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:223
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Gitdir '$a' is part of the submodule path '$b' or vice versa"
+msgstr "Gitdir '$a' 在子模组路径 '$b' 之下或者相反"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:312
+#, sh-format
+msgid "repo URL: '$repo' must be absolute or begin with ./|../"
+msgstr "版本库URL：'$repo' 必须是绝对路径或以 ./|../ 起始"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:329
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists in the index"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 已经存在于索引中"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:333
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"The following path is ignored by one of your .gitignore files:\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"Use -f if you really want to add it."
+msgstr ""
+"以下路径被您的一个 .gitignore 文件所忽略：\n"
+"$sm_path\n"
+"如果您确实想添加它，使用 -f 参数。"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:344
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Adding existing repo at '$sm_path' to the index"
+msgstr "添加位于 '$sm_path' 的现存版本库到索引"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:346
+#, sh-format
+msgid "'$sm_path' already exists and is not a valid git repo"
+msgstr "'$sm_path' 已存在且不是一个有效的 git 版本库"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:360
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "不能检出子模组 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:365
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to add submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法添加子模组 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:370
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register submodule '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法注册子模组 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:413
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Entering '$prefix$sm_path'"
+msgstr "正在进入 '$prefix$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:427
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Stopping at '$sm_path'; script returned non-zero status."
+msgstr "停止于 '$sm_path'，脚本返回非零值。"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:471
+#, sh-format
+msgid "No url found for submodule path '$sm_path' in .gitmodules"
+msgstr "在 .gitmodules 中未找到子模组路径 '$sm_path' 的 url"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:480
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register url for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法为子模组路径 '$sm_path' 注册 url"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:482
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule '$name' ($url) registered for path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "子模组 '$name' ($url) 已为路径 '$sm_path' 注册"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:490
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to register update mode for submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法为子模组路径 '$sm_path' 注册更新模式"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:590
+#, sh-format
+msgid ""
+"Submodule path '$sm_path' not initialized\n"
+"Maybe you want to use 'update --init'?"
+msgstr ""
+"子模组路径 '$sm_path' 没有初始化\n"
+"也许您想用 'update --init'？"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:603
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to find current revision in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在子模组路径 '$sm_path' 中找到当前版本"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:622
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to fetch in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在子模组路径 '$sm_path' 中获取"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:636
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to rebase '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在子模组路径 '$sm_path' 中变基 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:637
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': rebased into '$sha1'"
+msgstr "子模组路径 '$sm_path'：变基至 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:642
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to merge '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法合并 '$sha1' 到子模组路径 '$sm_path' 中"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:643
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': merged in '$sha1'"
+msgstr "子模组路径 '$sm_path'：已合并入 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:648
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Unable to checkout '$sha1' in submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法在子模组路径 '$sm_path' 中检出 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:649
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Submodule path '$sm_path': checked out '$sha1'"
+msgstr "子模组路径 '$sm_path'：检出 '$sha1'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:671 git-submodule.sh:995
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Failed to recurse into submodule path '$sm_path'"
+msgstr "无法递归进子模组路径 '$sm_path'"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:779
+msgid "The --cached option cannot be used with the --files option"
+msgstr "选项 --cached 不能和选项 --files 同时使用"
+
+#. unexpected type
+#: git-submodule.sh:819
+#, sh-format
+msgid "unexpected mode $mod_dst"
+msgstr "意外的模式 $mod_dst"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: git-submodule.sh:837
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_src"
+msgstr "  警告：$name 未包含提交 $sha1_src"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: git-submodule.sh:840
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commit $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  警告：$name 未包含提交 $sha1_dst"
+
+#  译者：注意保持前导空格
+#: git-submodule.sh:843
+#, sh-format
+msgid "  Warn: $name doesn't contain commits $sha1_src and $sha1_dst"
+msgstr "  警告：$name 未包含提交 $sha1_src 和 $sha1_dst"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:868
+msgid "blob"
+msgstr "二进制对象"
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:906
+msgid "# Submodules changed but not updated:"
+msgstr "# 子模组已修改但尚未更新："
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:908
+msgid "# Submodule changes to be committed:"
+msgstr "要提交的子模组变更："
+
+#: git-submodule.sh:1054
+#, sh-format
+msgid "Synchronizing submodule url for '$name'"
+msgstr "为 '$name' 同步子模组 url"
+
+#  译者：中文字符串拼接，可删除前导空格
+#~ msgid " (use \"git add\" to track)"
+#~ msgstr "（使用 \"git add\" 建立跟踪）"
+
+#~ msgid "-B cannot be used with -b"
+#~ msgstr "-B 不能和 -b 同时使用"
+
+#~ msgid "--patch is incompatible with all other options"
+#~ msgstr "--patch 选项和其他选项不兼容"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -b/-B/--orphan"
+#~ msgstr "--detach 不能和 -b/-B/--orphan 同时使用"
+
+#~ msgid "--detach cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--detach 不能和 -t 同时使用"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan and -b|-B are mutually exclusive"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan 和 -b|-B 互斥"
+
+#~ msgid "--orphan cannot be used with -t"
+#~ msgstr "--orphan 不能和 -t 同时使用"
+
+#~ msgid "git checkout: -f and -m are incompatible"
+#~ msgstr "git checkout：-f 和 -m 不兼容"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "git checkout: updating paths is incompatible with switching branches."
+#~ msgstr "git checkout：更新路径和切换分支不兼容。"
+
+#~ msgid "diff setup failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff 设置失败"
+
+#~ msgid "merge-recursive: disk full?"
+#~ msgstr "merge-recursive：磁盘已满？"
+
+#~ msgid "diff_setup_done failed"
+#~ msgstr "diff_setup_done 失败"
diff --git a/pretty.c b/pretty.c
index f45eb54..eae57ad 100644
--- a/pretty.c
+++ b/pretty.c
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "notes.h"
 #include "color.h"
 #include "reflog-walk.h"
+#include "gpg-interface.h"
 
 static char *user_format;
 static struct cmt_fmt_map {
@@ -230,7 +231,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int has_rfc822_specials(const char *s, int len)
+static int needs_rfc822_quoting(const char *s, int len)
 {
 	int i;
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
@@ -239,6 +240,17 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int last_line_length(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	/* How many bytes are already used on the last line? */
+	for (i = sb->len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+		if (sb->buf[i] == '\n')
+			break;
+	return sb->len - (i + 1);
+}
+
 static void add_rfc822_quoted(struct strbuf *out, const char *s, int len)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -260,57 +272,110 @@
 	strbuf_addch(out, '"');
 }
 
-static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch)
+enum rfc2047_type {
+	RFC2047_SUBJECT,
+	RFC2047_ADDRESS,
+};
+
+static int is_rfc2047_special(char ch, enum rfc2047_type type)
 {
-	return (non_ascii(ch) || (ch == '=') || (ch == '?') || (ch == '_'));
+	/*
+	 * rfc2047, section 4.2:
+	 *
+	 *    8-bit values which correspond to printable ASCII characters other
+	 *    than "=", "?", and "_" (underscore), MAY be represented as those
+	 *    characters.  (But see section 5 for restrictions.)  In
+	 *    particular, SPACE and TAB MUST NOT be represented as themselves
+	 *    within encoded words.
+	 */
+
+	/*
+	 * rule out non-ASCII characters and non-printable characters (the
+	 * non-ASCII check should be redundant as isprint() is not localized
+	 * and only knows about ASCII, but be defensive about that)
+	 */
+	if (non_ascii(ch) || !isprint(ch))
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * rule out special printable characters (' ' should be the only
+	 * whitespace character considered printable, but be defensive and use
+	 * isspace())
+	 */
+	if (isspace(ch) || ch == '=' || ch == '?' || ch == '_')
+		return 1;
+
+	/*
+	 * rfc2047, section 5.3:
+	 *
+	 *    As a replacement for a 'word' entity within a 'phrase', for example,
+	 *    one that precedes an address in a From, To, or Cc header.  The ABNF
+	 *    definition for 'phrase' from RFC 822 thus becomes:
+	 *
+	 *    phrase = 1*( encoded-word / word )
+	 *
+	 *    In this case the set of characters that may be used in a "Q"-encoded
+	 *    'encoded-word' is restricted to: <upper and lower case ASCII
+	 *    letters, decimal digits, "!", "*", "+", "-", "/", "=", and "_"
+	 *    (underscore, ASCII 95.)>.  An 'encoded-word' that appears within a
+	 *    'phrase' MUST be separated from any adjacent 'word', 'text' or
+	 *    'special' by 'linear-white-space'.
+	 */
+
+	if (type != RFC2047_ADDRESS)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* '=' and '_' are special cases and have been checked above */
+	return !(isalnum(ch) || ch == '!' || ch == '*' || ch == '+' || ch == '-' || ch == '/');
 }
 
-static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
-		       const char *encoding)
+static int needs_rfc2047_encoding(const char *line, int len,
+				  enum rfc2047_type type)
 {
-	static const int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2822 */
 	int i;
-	int line_len;
-
-	/* How many bytes are already used on the current line? */
-	for (i = sb->len - 1; i >= 0; i--)
-		if (sb->buf[i] == '\n')
-			break;
-	line_len = sb->len - (i+1);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		int ch = line[i];
 		if (non_ascii(ch) || ch == '\n')
-			goto needquote;
+			return 1;
 		if ((i + 1 < len) && (ch == '=' && line[i+1] == '?'))
-			goto needquote;
+			return 1;
 	}
-	strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, line, len, 0, 1, max_length - line_len);
-	return;
 
-needquote:
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void add_rfc2047(struct strbuf *sb, const char *line, int len,
+		       const char *encoding, enum rfc2047_type type)
+{
+	static const int max_encoded_length = 76; /* per rfc2047 */
+	int i;
+	int line_len = last_line_length(sb);
+
 	strbuf_grow(sb, len * 3 + strlen(encoding) + 100);
 	strbuf_addf(sb, "=?%s?q?", encoding);
 	line_len += strlen(encoding) + 5; /* 5 for =??q? */
 	for (i = 0; i < len; i++) {
 		unsigned ch = line[i] & 0xFF;
+		int is_special = is_rfc2047_special(ch, type);
 
-		if (line_len >= max_length - 2) {
+		/*
+		 * According to RFC 2047, we could encode the special character
+		 * ' ' (space) with '_' (underscore) for readability. But many
+		 * programs do not understand this and just leave the
+		 * underscore in place. Thus, we do nothing special here, which
+		 * causes ' ' to be encoded as '=20', avoiding this problem.
+		 */
+
+		if (line_len + 2 + (is_special ? 3 : 1) > max_encoded_length) {
 			strbuf_addf(sb, "?=\n =?%s?q?", encoding);
 			line_len = strlen(encoding) + 5 + 1; /* =??q? plus SP */
 		}
 
-		/*
-		 * We encode ' ' using '=20' even though rfc2047
-		 * allows using '_' for readability.  Unfortunately,
-		 * many programs do not understand this and just
-		 * leave the underscore in place.
-		 */
-		if (is_rfc2047_special(ch) || ch == ' ' || ch == '\n') {
+		if (is_special) {
 			strbuf_addf(sb, "=%02X", ch);
 			line_len += 3;
-		}
-		else {
+		} else {
 			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
 			line_len++;
 		}
@@ -322,53 +387,79 @@
 		  const char *what, struct strbuf *sb,
 		  const char *line, const char *encoding)
 {
-	char *date;
-	int namelen;
+	struct strbuf name;
+	struct strbuf mail;
+	struct ident_split ident;
+	int linelen;
+	char *line_end, *date;
+	const char *mailbuf, *namebuf;
+	size_t namelen, maillen;
+	int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2822 */
 	unsigned long time;
 	int tz;
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE)
 		return;
-	date = strchr(line, '>');
-	if (!date)
+
+	line_end = strchr(line, '\n');
+	if (!line_end) {
+		line_end = strchr(line, '\0');
+		if (!line_end)
+			return;
+	}
+
+	linelen = ++line_end - line;
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, line, linelen))
 		return;
-	namelen = ++date - line;
-	time = strtoul(date, &date, 10);
+
+
+	mailbuf = ident.mail_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	namebuf = ident.name_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+
+	if (pp->mailmap)
+		map_user(pp->mailmap, &mailbuf, &maillen, &namebuf, &namelen);
+
+	strbuf_init(&mail, 0);
+	strbuf_init(&name, 0);
+
+	strbuf_add(&mail, mailbuf, maillen);
+	strbuf_add(&name, namebuf, namelen);
+
+	namelen = name.len + mail.len + 3; /* ' ' + '<' + '>' */
+	time = strtoul(ident.date_begin, &date, 10);
 	tz = strtol(date, NULL, 10);
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL) {
-		char *name_tail = strchr(line, '<');
-		int display_name_length;
-		int final_line;
-		if (!name_tail)
-			return;
-		while (line < name_tail && isspace(name_tail[-1]))
-			name_tail--;
-		display_name_length = name_tail - line;
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, "From: ");
-		if (!has_rfc822_specials(line, display_name_length)) {
-			add_rfc2047(sb, line, display_name_length, encoding);
-		} else {
+		if (needs_rfc2047_encoding(name.buf, name.len, RFC2047_ADDRESS)) {
+			add_rfc2047(sb, name.buf, name.len,
+				    encoding, RFC2047_ADDRESS);
+			max_length = 76; /* per rfc2047 */
+		} else if (needs_rfc822_quoting(name.buf, name.len)) {
 			struct strbuf quoted = STRBUF_INIT;
-			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, line, display_name_length);
-			add_rfc2047(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len, encoding);
+			add_rfc822_quoted(&quoted, name.buf, name.len);
+			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, quoted.buf, quoted.len,
+							-6, 1, max_length);
 			strbuf_release(&quoted);
+		} else {
+			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, name.buf, name.len,
+						 -6, 1, max_length);
 		}
-		for (final_line = 0; final_line < sb->len; final_line++)
-			if (sb->buf[sb->len - final_line - 1] == '\n')
-				break;
-		if (namelen - display_name_length + final_line > 78) {
+		if (namelen - name.len + last_line_length(sb) > max_length)
 			strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
-			if (!isspace(name_tail[0]))
-				strbuf_addch(sb, ' ');
-		}
-		strbuf_add(sb, name_tail, namelen - display_name_length);
-		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+
+		strbuf_addf(sb, " <%s>\n", mail.buf);
 	} else {
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%.*s\n", what,
+		strbuf_addf(sb, "%s: %.*s%s <%s>\n", what,
 			      (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER) ? 4 : 0,
-			      "    ", namelen, line);
+			      "    ", name.buf, mail.buf);
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&mail);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+
 	switch (pp->fmt) {
 	case CMIT_FMT_MEDIUM:
 		strbuf_addf(sb, "Date:   %s\n", show_date(time, tz, pp->date_mode));
@@ -433,17 +524,20 @@
 	strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 }
 
-static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *key)
+static char *get_header(const struct commit *commit, const char *msg,
+			const char *key)
 {
 	int key_len = strlen(key);
-	const char *line = commit->buffer;
+	const char *line = msg;
 
-	for (;;) {
+	while (line) {
 		const char *eol = strchr(line, '\n'), *next;
 
 		if (line == eol)
 			return NULL;
 		if (!eol) {
+			warning("malformed commit (header is missing newline): %s",
+				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
 			eol = line + strlen(line);
 			next = NULL;
 		} else
@@ -455,6 +549,7 @@
 		}
 		line = next;
 	}
+	return NULL;
 }
 
 static char *replace_encoding_header(char *buf, const char *encoding)
@@ -494,28 +589,81 @@
 	static const char *utf8 = "UTF-8";
 	const char *use_encoding;
 	char *encoding;
+	char *msg = commit->buffer;
 	char *out;
 
-	if (!*output_encoding)
-		return NULL;
-	encoding = get_header(commit, "encoding");
+	if (!msg) {
+		enum object_type type;
+		unsigned long size;
+
+		msg = read_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1, &type, &size);
+		if (!msg)
+			die("Cannot read commit object %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+		if (type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+			die("Expected commit for '%s', got %s",
+			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), typename(type));
+	}
+
+	if (!output_encoding || !*output_encoding)
+		return msg;
+	encoding = get_header(commit, msg, "encoding");
 	use_encoding = encoding ? encoding : utf8;
-	if (!strcmp(use_encoding, output_encoding))
-		if (encoding) /* we'll strip encoding header later */
-			out = xstrdup(commit->buffer);
-		else
-			return NULL; /* nothing to do */
-	else
-		out = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
-				      output_encoding, use_encoding);
+	if (same_encoding(use_encoding, output_encoding)) {
+		/*
+		 * No encoding work to be done. If we have no encoding header
+		 * at all, then there's nothing to do, and we can return the
+		 * message verbatim (whether newly allocated or not).
+		 */
+		if (!encoding)
+			return msg;
+
+		/*
+		 * Otherwise, we still want to munge the encoding header in the
+		 * result, which will be done by modifying the buffer. If we
+		 * are using a fresh copy, we can reuse it. But if we are using
+		 * the cached copy from commit->buffer, we need to duplicate it
+		 * to avoid munging commit->buffer.
+		 */
+		out = msg;
+		if (out == commit->buffer)
+			out = xstrdup(out);
+	}
+	else {
+		/*
+		 * There's actual encoding work to do. Do the reencoding, which
+		 * still leaves the header to be replaced in the next step. At
+		 * this point, we are done with msg. If we allocated a fresh
+		 * copy, we can free it.
+		 */
+		out = reencode_string(msg, output_encoding, use_encoding);
+		if (out && msg != commit->buffer)
+			free(msg);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * This replacement actually consumes the buffer we hand it, so we do
+	 * not have to worry about freeing the old "out" here.
+	 */
 	if (out)
 		out = replace_encoding_header(out, output_encoding);
 
 	free(encoding);
-	return out;
+	/*
+	 * If the re-encoding failed, out might be NULL here; in that
+	 * case we just return the commit message verbatim.
+	 */
+	return out ? out : msg;
 }
 
-static int mailmap_name(char *email, int email_len, char *name, int name_len)
+void logmsg_free(char *msg, const struct commit *commit)
+{
+	if (msg != commit->buffer)
+		free(msg);
+}
+
+static int mailmap_name(const char **email, size_t *email_len,
+			const char **name, size_t *name_len)
 {
 	static struct string_list *mail_map;
 	if (!mail_map) {
@@ -530,78 +678,45 @@
 {
 	/* currently all placeholders have same length */
 	const int placeholder_len = 2;
-	int start, end, tz = 0;
+	int tz;
 	unsigned long date = 0;
-	char *ep;
-	const char *name_start, *name_end, *mail_start, *mail_end, *msg_end = msg+len;
-	char person_name[1024];
-	char person_mail[1024];
+	struct ident_split s;
+	const char *name, *mail;
+	size_t maillen, namelen;
 
-	/* advance 'end' to point to email start delimiter */
-	for (end = 0; end < len && msg[end] != '<'; end++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-
-	/*
-	 * When end points at the '<' that we found, it should have
-	 * matching '>' later, which means 'end' must be strictly
-	 * below len - 1.
-	 */
-	if (end >= len - 2)
+	if (split_ident_line(&s, msg, len) < 0)
 		goto skip;
 
-	/* Seek for both name and email part */
-	name_start = msg;
-	name_end = msg+end;
-	while (name_end > name_start && isspace(*(name_end-1)))
-		name_end--;
-	mail_start = msg+end+1;
-	mail_end = mail_start;
-	while (mail_end < msg_end && *mail_end != '>')
-		mail_end++;
-	if (mail_end == msg_end)
-		goto skip;
-	end = mail_end-msg;
+	name = s.name_begin;
+	namelen = s.name_end - s.name_begin;
+	mail = s.mail_begin;
+	maillen = s.mail_end - s.mail_begin;
 
-	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') { /* mailmap lookup */
-		strlcpy(person_name, name_start, name_end-name_start+1);
-		strlcpy(person_mail, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start+1);
-		mailmap_name(person_mail, sizeof(person_mail), person_name, sizeof(person_name));
-		name_start = person_name;
-		name_end = name_start + strlen(person_name);
-		mail_start = person_mail;
-		mail_end = mail_start +  strlen(person_mail);
-	}
+	if (part == 'N' || part == 'E') /* mailmap lookup */
+		mailmap_name(&mail, &maillen, &name, &namelen);
 	if (part == 'n' || part == 'N') {	/* name */
-		strbuf_add(sb, name_start, name_end-name_start);
+		strbuf_add(sb, name, namelen);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 	if (part == 'e' || part == 'E') {	/* email */
-		strbuf_add(sb, mail_start, mail_end-mail_start);
+		strbuf_add(sb, mail, maillen);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
-	/* advance 'start' to point to date start delimiter */
-	for (start = end + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	if (start >= len)
-		goto skip;
-	date = strtoul(msg + start, &ep, 10);
-	if (msg + start == ep)
+	if (!s.date_begin)
 		goto skip;
 
+	date = strtoul(s.date_begin, NULL, 10);
+
 	if (part == 't') {	/* date, UNIX timestamp */
-		strbuf_add(sb, msg + start, ep - (msg + start));
+		strbuf_add(sb, s.date_begin, s.date_end - s.date_begin);
 		return placeholder_len;
 	}
 
 	/* parse tz */
-	for (start = ep - msg + 1; start < len && isspace(msg[start]); start++)
-		; /* do nothing */
-	if (start + 1 < len) {
-		tz = strtoul(msg + start + 1, NULL, 10);
-		if (msg[start] == '-')
-			tz = -tz;
-	}
+	tz = strtoul(s.tz_begin + 1, NULL, 10);
+	if (*s.tz_begin == '-')
+		tz = -tz;
 
 	switch (part) {
 	case 'd':	/* date */
@@ -620,8 +735,9 @@
 
 skip:
 	/*
-	 * bogus commit, 'sb' cannot be updated, but we still need to
-	 * compute a valid return value.
+	 * reading from either a bogus commit, or a reflog entry with
+	 * %gn, %ge, etc.; 'sb' cannot be updated, but we still need
+	 * to compute a valid return value.
 	 */
 	if (part == 'n' || part == 'e' || part == 't' || part == 'd'
 	    || part == 'D' || part == 'r' || part == 'i')
@@ -640,6 +756,12 @@
 	const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx;
 	unsigned commit_header_parsed:1;
 	unsigned commit_message_parsed:1;
+	unsigned commit_signature_parsed:1;
+	struct {
+		char *gpg_output;
+		char good_bad;
+		char *signer;
+	} signature;
 	char *message;
 	size_t width, indent1, indent2;
 
@@ -822,6 +944,76 @@
 	c->indent2 = new_indent2;
 }
 
+static struct {
+	char result;
+	const char *check;
+} signature_check[] = {
+	{ 'G', ": Good signature from " },
+	{ 'B', ": BAD signature from " },
+};
+
+static void parse_signature_lines(struct format_commit_context *ctx)
+{
+	const char *buf = ctx->signature.gpg_output;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(signature_check); i++) {
+		const char *found = strstr(buf, signature_check[i].check);
+		const char *next;
+		if (!found)
+			continue;
+		ctx->signature.good_bad = signature_check[i].result;
+		found += strlen(signature_check[i].check);
+		next = strchrnul(found, '\n');
+		ctx->signature.signer = xmemdupz(found, next - found);
+		break;
+	}
+}
+
+static void parse_commit_signature(struct format_commit_context *ctx)
+{
+	struct strbuf payload = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf signature = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf gpg_output = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int status;
+
+	ctx->commit_signature_parsed = 1;
+
+	if (parse_signed_commit(ctx->commit->object.sha1,
+				&payload, &signature) <= 0)
+		goto out;
+	status = verify_signed_buffer(payload.buf, payload.len,
+				      signature.buf, signature.len,
+				      &gpg_output);
+	if (status && !gpg_output.len)
+		goto out;
+	ctx->signature.gpg_output = strbuf_detach(&gpg_output, NULL);
+	parse_signature_lines(ctx);
+
+ out:
+	strbuf_release(&gpg_output);
+	strbuf_release(&payload);
+	strbuf_release(&signature);
+}
+
+
+static int format_reflog_person(struct strbuf *sb,
+				char part,
+				struct reflog_walk_info *log,
+				enum date_mode dmode)
+{
+	const char *ident;
+
+	if (!log)
+		return 2;
+
+	ident = get_reflog_ident(log);
+	if (!ident)
+		return 2;
+
+	return format_person_part(sb, part, ident, strlen(ident), dmode);
+}
+
 static size_t format_commit_one(struct strbuf *sb, const char *placeholder,
 				void *context)
 {
@@ -835,12 +1027,19 @@
 	switch (placeholder[0]) {
 	case 'C':
 		if (placeholder[1] == '(') {
-			const char *end = strchr(placeholder + 2, ')');
+			const char *begin = placeholder + 2;
+			const char *end = strchr(begin, ')');
 			char color[COLOR_MAXLEN];
+
 			if (!end)
 				return 0;
-			color_parse_mem(placeholder + 2,
-					end - (placeholder + 2),
+			if (!prefixcmp(begin, "auto,")) {
+				if (!want_color(c->pretty_ctx->color))
+					return end - placeholder + 1;
+				begin += 5;
+			}
+			color_parse_mem(begin,
+					end - begin,
 					"--pretty format", color);
 			strbuf_addstr(sb, color);
 			return end - placeholder + 1;
@@ -957,23 +1156,55 @@
 				get_reflog_selector(sb,
 						    c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info,
 						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode,
+						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode_explicit,
 						    (placeholder[1] == 'd'));
 			return 2;
 		case 's':	/* reflog message */
 			if (c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info)
 				get_reflog_message(sb, c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info);
 			return 2;
+		case 'n':
+		case 'N':
+		case 'e':
+		case 'E':
+			return format_reflog_person(sb,
+						    placeholder[1],
+						    c->pretty_ctx->reflog_info,
+						    c->pretty_ctx->date_mode);
 		}
 		return 0;	/* unknown %g placeholder */
 	case 'N':
-		if (c->pretty_ctx->show_notes) {
-			format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, sb,
-				    get_log_output_encoding(), 0);
+		if (c->pretty_ctx->notes_message) {
+			strbuf_addstr(sb, c->pretty_ctx->notes_message);
 			return 1;
 		}
 		return 0;
 	}
 
+	if (placeholder[0] == 'G') {
+		if (!c->commit_signature_parsed)
+			parse_commit_signature(c);
+		switch (placeholder[1]) {
+		case 'G':
+			if (c->signature.gpg_output)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature.gpg_output);
+			break;
+		case '?':
+			switch (c->signature.good_bad) {
+			case 'G':
+			case 'B':
+				strbuf_addch(sb, c->signature.good_bad);
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'S':
+			if (c->signature.signer)
+				strbuf_addstr(sb, c->signature.signer);
+			break;
+		}
+		return 2;
+	}
+
+
 	/* For the rest we have to parse the commit header. */
 	if (!c->commit_header_parsed)
 		parse_commit_header(c);
@@ -1093,27 +1324,20 @@
 			   const struct pretty_print_context *pretty_ctx)
 {
 	struct format_commit_context context;
-	static const char utf8[] = "UTF-8";
-	const char *enc;
 	const char *output_enc = pretty_ctx->output_encoding;
 
 	memset(&context, 0, sizeof(context));
 	context.commit = commit;
 	context.pretty_ctx = pretty_ctx;
 	context.wrap_start = sb->len;
-	context.message = commit->buffer;
-	if (output_enc) {
-		enc = get_header(commit, "encoding");
-		enc = enc ? enc : utf8;
-		if (strcmp(enc, output_enc))
-			context.message = logmsg_reencode(commit, output_enc);
-	}
+	context.message = logmsg_reencode(commit, output_enc);
 
 	strbuf_expand(sb, format, format_commit_item, &context);
 	rewrap_message_tail(sb, &context, 0, 0, 0);
 
-	if (context.message != commit->buffer)
-		free(context.message);
+	logmsg_free(context.message, commit);
+	free(context.signature.gpg_output);
+	free(context.signature.signer);
 }
 
 static void pp_header(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
@@ -1141,7 +1365,7 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (!memcmp(line, "parent ", 7)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "parent ")) {
 			if (linelen != 48)
 				die("bad parent line in commit");
 			continue;
@@ -1165,11 +1389,11 @@
 		 * FULL shows both authors but not dates.
 		 * FULLER shows both authors and dates.
 		 */
-		if (!memcmp(line, "author ", 7)) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "author ")) {
 			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
 			pp_user_info(pp, "Author", sb, line + 7, encoding);
 		}
-		if (!memcmp(line, "committer ", 10) &&
+		if (!prefixcmp(line, "committer ") &&
 		    (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULL || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_FULLER)) {
 			strbuf_grow(sb, linelen + 80);
 			pp_user_info(pp, "Commit", sb, line + 10, encoding);
@@ -1183,6 +1407,7 @@
 		   const char *encoding,
 		   int need_8bit_cte)
 {
+	static const int max_length = 78; /* per rfc2047 */
 	struct strbuf title;
 
 	strbuf_init(&title, 80);
@@ -1192,7 +1417,12 @@
 	strbuf_grow(sb, title.len + 1024);
 	if (pp->subject) {
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, pp->subject);
-		add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len, encoding);
+		if (needs_rfc2047_encoding(title.buf, title.len, RFC2047_SUBJECT))
+			add_rfc2047(sb, title.buf, title.len,
+						encoding, RFC2047_SUBJECT);
+		else
+			strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(sb, title.buf, title.len,
+					 -last_line_length(sb), 1, max_length);
 	} else {
 		strbuf_addbuf(sb, &title);
 	}
@@ -1246,23 +1476,13 @@
 	}
 }
 
-char *reencode_commit_message(const struct commit *commit, const char **encoding_p)
-{
-	const char *encoding;
-
-	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
-	if (encoding_p)
-		*encoding_p = encoding;
-	return logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
-}
-
 void pretty_print_commit(const struct pretty_print_context *pp,
 			 const struct commit *commit,
 			 struct strbuf *sb)
 {
 	unsigned long beginning_of_body;
 	int indent = 4;
-	const char *msg = commit->buffer;
+	const char *msg;
 	char *reencoded;
 	const char *encoding;
 	int need_8bit_cte = pp->need_8bit_cte;
@@ -1272,10 +1492,8 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
-	reencoded = reencode_commit_message(commit, &encoding);
-	if (reencoded) {
-		msg = reencoded;
-	}
+	encoding = get_log_output_encoding();
+	msg = reencoded = logmsg_reencode(commit, encoding);
 
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_ONELINE || pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL)
 		indent = 0;
@@ -1332,11 +1550,7 @@
 	if (pp->fmt == CMIT_FMT_EMAIL && sb->len <= beginning_of_body)
 		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
 
-	if (pp->show_notes)
-		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, sb, encoding,
-				     NOTES_SHOW_HEADER | NOTES_INDENT);
-
-	free(reencoded);
+	logmsg_free(reencoded, commit);
 }
 
 void pp_commit_easy(enum cmit_fmt fmt, const struct commit *commit,
diff --git a/prompt.c b/prompt.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d851807
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prompt.c
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "prompt.h"
+#include "compat/terminal.h"
+
+static char *do_askpass(const char *cmd, const char *prompt)
+{
+	struct child_process pass;
+	const char *args[3];
+	static struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int err = 0;
+
+	args[0] = cmd;
+	args[1]	= prompt;
+	args[2] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&pass, 0, sizeof(pass));
+	pass.argv = args;
+	pass.out = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(&pass))
+		return NULL;
+
+	if (strbuf_read(&buffer, pass.out, 20) < 0)
+		err = 1;
+
+	close(pass.out);
+
+	if (finish_command(&pass))
+		err = 1;
+
+	if (err) {
+		error("unable to read askpass response from '%s'", cmd);
+		strbuf_release(&buffer);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_setlen(&buffer, strcspn(buffer.buf, "\r\n"));
+
+	return strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
+}
+
+char *git_prompt(const char *prompt, int flags)
+{
+	char *r = NULL;
+
+	if (flags & PROMPT_ASKPASS) {
+		const char *askpass;
+
+		askpass = getenv("GIT_ASKPASS");
+		if (!askpass)
+			askpass = askpass_program;
+		if (!askpass)
+			askpass = getenv("SSH_ASKPASS");
+		if (askpass && *askpass)
+			r = do_askpass(askpass, prompt);
+	}
+
+	if (!r)
+		r = git_terminal_prompt(prompt, flags & PROMPT_ECHO);
+	if (!r) {
+		/* prompts already contain ": " at the end */
+		die("could not read %s%s", prompt, strerror(errno));
+	}
+	return r;
+}
+
+char *git_getpass(const char *prompt)
+{
+	return git_prompt(prompt, PROMPT_ASKPASS);
+}
diff --git a/prompt.h b/prompt.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..04f321a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/prompt.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef PROMPT_H
+#define PROMPT_H
+
+#define PROMPT_ASKPASS (1<<0)
+#define PROMPT_ECHO    (1<<1)
+
+char *git_prompt(const char *prompt, int flags);
+char *git_getpass(const char *prompt);
+
+#endif /* PROMPT_H */
diff --git a/reachable.c b/reachable.c
index 3fc6b1d..bf79706 100644
--- a/reachable.c
+++ b/reachable.c
@@ -7,11 +7,25 @@
 #include "revision.h"
 #include "reachable.h"
 #include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "progress.h"
+
+struct connectivity_progress {
+	struct progress *progress;
+	unsigned long count;
+};
+
+static void update_progress(struct connectivity_progress *cp)
+{
+	cp->count++;
+	if ((cp->count & 1023) == 0)
+		display_progress(cp->progress, cp->count);
+}
 
 static void process_blob(struct blob *blob,
 			 struct object_array *p,
 			 struct name_path *path,
-			 const char *name)
+			 const char *name,
+			 struct connectivity_progress *cp)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &blob->object;
 
@@ -20,6 +34,7 @@
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	update_progress(cp);
 	/* Nothing to do, really .. The blob lookup was the important part */
 }
 
@@ -34,7 +49,8 @@
 static void process_tree(struct tree *tree,
 			 struct object_array *p,
 			 struct name_path *path,
-			 const char *name)
+			 const char *name,
+			 struct connectivity_progress *cp)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tree->object;
 	struct tree_desc desc;
@@ -46,6 +62,7 @@
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	update_progress(cp);
 	if (parse_tree(tree) < 0)
 		die("bad tree object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
 	add_object(obj, p, path, name);
@@ -57,23 +74,25 @@
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
 		if (S_ISDIR(entry.mode))
-			process_tree(lookup_tree(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path);
+			process_tree(lookup_tree(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path, cp);
 		else if (S_ISGITLINK(entry.mode))
 			process_gitlink(entry.sha1, p, &me, entry.path);
 		else
-			process_blob(lookup_blob(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path);
+			process_blob(lookup_blob(entry.sha1), p, &me, entry.path, cp);
 	}
 	free(tree->buffer);
 	tree->buffer = NULL;
 }
 
-static void process_tag(struct tag *tag, struct object_array *p, const char *name)
+static void process_tag(struct tag *tag, struct object_array *p,
+			const char *name, struct connectivity_progress *cp)
 {
 	struct object *obj = &tag->object;
 
 	if (obj->flags & SEEN)
 		return;
 	obj->flags |= SEEN;
+	update_progress(cp);
 
 	if (parse_tag(tag) < 0)
 		die("bad tag object %s", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1));
@@ -81,15 +100,18 @@
 		add_object(tag->tagged, p, NULL, name);
 }
 
-static void walk_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs)
+static void walk_commit_list(struct rev_info *revs,
+			     struct connectivity_progress *cp)
 {
 	int i;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct object_array objects = OBJECT_ARRAY_INIT;
 
 	/* Walk all commits, process their trees */
-	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL)
-		process_tree(commit->tree, &objects, NULL, "");
+	while ((commit = get_revision(revs)) != NULL) {
+		process_tree(commit->tree, &objects, NULL, "", cp);
+		update_progress(cp);
+	}
 
 	/* Then walk all the pending objects, recursively processing them too */
 	for (i = 0; i < revs->pending.nr; i++) {
@@ -97,15 +119,15 @@
 		struct object *obj = pending->item;
 		const char *name = pending->name;
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-			process_tag((struct tag *) obj, &objects, name);
+			process_tag((struct tag *) obj, &objects, name, cp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_TREE) {
-			process_tree((struct tree *)obj, &objects, NULL, name);
+			process_tree((struct tree *)obj, &objects, NULL, name, cp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (obj->type == OBJ_BLOB) {
-			process_blob((struct blob *)obj, &objects, NULL, name);
+			process_blob((struct blob *)obj, &objects, NULL, name, cp);
 			continue;
 		}
 		die("unknown pending object %s (%s)", sha1_to_hex(obj->sha1), name);
@@ -191,8 +213,11 @@
 		add_cache_tree(active_cache_tree, revs);
 }
 
-void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog)
+void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog,
+			    struct progress *progress)
 {
+	struct connectivity_progress cp;
+
 	/*
 	 * Set up revision parsing, and mark us as being interested
 	 * in all object types, not just commits.
@@ -211,11 +236,15 @@
 	if (mark_reflog)
 		for_each_reflog(add_one_reflog, revs);
 
+	cp.progress = progress;
+	cp.count = 0;
+
 	/*
 	 * Set up the revision walk - this will move all commits
 	 * from the pending list to the commit walking list.
 	 */
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(revs))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
-	walk_commit_list(revs);
+	walk_commit_list(revs, &cp);
+	display_progress(cp.progress, cp.count);
 }
diff --git a/reachable.h b/reachable.h
index 4075181..5d082ad 100644
--- a/reachable.h
+++ b/reachable.h
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 #ifndef REACHEABLE_H
 #define REACHEABLE_H
 
-extern void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog);
+struct progress;
+extern void mark_reachable_objects(struct rev_info *revs, int mark_reflog, struct progress *);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/read-cache.c b/read-cache.c
index 01a0e25..827ae55 100644
--- a/read-cache.c
+++ b/read-cache.c
@@ -12,9 +12,15 @@
 #include "commit.h"
 #include "blob.h"
 #include "resolve-undo.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "varint.h"
 
 static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int really);
 
+/* Mask for the name length in ce_flags in the on-disk index */
+
+#define CE_NAMEMASK  (0x0fff)
+
 /* Index extensions.
  *
  * The first letter should be 'A'..'Z' for extensions that are not
@@ -52,8 +58,8 @@
 
 	new = xmalloc(cache_entry_size(namelen));
 	copy_cache_entry(new, old);
-	new->ce_flags &= ~(CE_STATE_MASK | CE_NAMEMASK);
-	new->ce_flags |= (namelen >= CE_NAMEMASK ? CE_NAMEMASK : namelen);
+	new->ce_flags &= ~CE_STATE_MASK;
+	new->ce_namelen = namelen;
 	memcpy(new->name, new_name, namelen + 1);
 
 	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate->cache_tree, old->name);
@@ -157,16 +163,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int is_empty_blob_sha1(const unsigned char *sha1)
-{
-	static const unsigned char empty_blob_sha1[20] = {
-		0xe6,0x9d,0xe2,0x9b,0xb2,0xd1,0xd6,0x43,0x4b,0x8b,
-		0x29,0xae,0x77,0x5a,0xd8,0xc2,0xe4,0x8c,0x53,0x91
-	};
-
-	return !hashcmp(sha1, empty_blob_sha1);
-}
-
 static int ce_match_stat_basic(struct cache_entry *ce, struct stat *st)
 {
 	unsigned int changed = 0;
@@ -201,21 +197,25 @@
 	}
 	if (ce->ce_mtime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_mtime)
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
+	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
+	    ce->ce_ctime.sec != (unsigned int)st->st_ctime)
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 
 #ifdef USE_NSEC
-	if (ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
+	if (check_stat && ce->ce_mtime.nsec != ST_MTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= MTIME_CHANGED;
-	if (trust_ctime && ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
+	if (trust_ctime && check_stat &&
+	    ce->ce_ctime.nsec != ST_CTIME_NSEC(*st))
 		changed |= CTIME_CHANGED;
 #endif
 
-	if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
-	    ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
-		changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
-	if (ce->ce_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
-		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	if (check_stat) {
+		if (ce->ce_uid != (unsigned int) st->st_uid ||
+			ce->ce_gid != (unsigned int) st->st_gid)
+			changed |= OWNER_CHANGED;
+		if (ce->ce_ino != (unsigned int) st->st_ino)
+			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	}
 
 #ifdef USE_STDEV
 	/*
@@ -223,8 +223,8 @@
 	 * clients will have different views of what "device"
 	 * the filesystem is on
 	 */
-	if (ce->ce_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
-		changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
+	if (check_stat && ce->ce_dev != (unsigned int) st->st_dev)
+			changed |= INODE_CHANGED;
 #endif
 
 	if (ce->ce_size != (unsigned int) st->st_size)
@@ -403,10 +403,8 @@
 	return c1 - c2;
 }
 
-int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int flags1, const char *name2, int flags2)
+int cache_name_stage_compare(const char *name1, int len1, int stage1, const char *name2, int len2, int stage2)
 {
-	int len1 = flags1 & CE_NAMEMASK;
-	int len2 = flags2 & CE_NAMEMASK;
 	int len = len1 < len2 ? len1 : len2;
 	int cmp;
 
@@ -418,18 +416,19 @@
 	if (len1 > len2)
 		return 1;
 
-	/* Compare stages  */
-	flags1 &= CE_STAGEMASK;
-	flags2 &= CE_STAGEMASK;
-
-	if (flags1 < flags2)
+	if (stage1 < stage2)
 		return -1;
-	if (flags1 > flags2)
+	if (stage1 > stage2)
 		return 1;
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
+int cache_name_compare(const char *name1, int len1, const char *name2, int len2)
+{
+	return cache_name_stage_compare(name1, len1, 0, name2, len2, 0);
+}
+
+static int index_name_stage_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen, int stage)
 {
 	int first, last;
 
@@ -438,7 +437,7 @@
 	while (last > first) {
 		int next = (last + first) >> 1;
 		struct cache_entry *ce = istate->cache[next];
-		int cmp = cache_name_compare(name, namelen, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
+		int cmp = cache_name_stage_compare(name, namelen, stage, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
 		if (!cmp)
 			return next;
 		if (cmp < 0) {
@@ -450,6 +449,11 @@
 	return -first-1;
 }
 
+int index_name_pos(const struct index_state *istate, const char *name, int namelen)
+{
+	return index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, namelen, 0);
+}
+
 /* Remove entry, return true if there are more entries to go.. */
 int remove_index_entry_at(struct index_state *istate, int pos)
 {
@@ -589,7 +593,7 @@
 	size = cache_entry_size(namelen);
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, namelen);
-	ce->ce_flags = namelen;
+	ce->ce_namelen = namelen;
 	if (!intent_only)
 		fill_stat_cache_info(ce, st);
 	else
@@ -691,7 +695,8 @@
 
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
 	memcpy(ce->name, path, len);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
 
 	if (refresh)
@@ -828,7 +833,7 @@
 		}
 		len = slash - name;
 
-		pos = index_name_pos(istate, name, create_ce_flags(len, stage));
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, name, len, stage);
 		if (pos >= 0) {
 			/*
 			 * Found one, but not so fast.  This could
@@ -918,7 +923,7 @@
 	int new_only = option & ADD_CACHE_NEW_ONLY;
 
 	cache_tree_invalidate_path(istate->cache_tree, ce->name);
-	pos = index_name_pos(istate, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
+	pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
 
 	/* existing match? Just replace it. */
 	if (pos >= 0) {
@@ -950,7 +955,7 @@
 		if (!ok_to_replace)
 			return error("'%s' appears as both a file and as a directory",
 				     ce->name);
-		pos = index_name_pos(istate, ce->name, ce->ce_flags);
+		pos = index_name_stage_pos(istate, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), ce_stage(ce));
 		pos = -pos-1;
 	}
 	return pos + 1;
@@ -1001,7 +1006,8 @@
  */
 static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_ent(struct index_state *istate,
 					     struct cache_entry *ce,
-					     unsigned int options, int *err)
+					     unsigned int options, int *err,
+					     int *changed_ret)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	struct cache_entry *updated;
@@ -1033,6 +1039,8 @@
 	}
 
 	changed = ie_match_stat(istate, ce, &st, options);
+	if (changed_ret)
+		*changed_ret = changed;
 	if (!changed) {
 		/*
 		 * The path is unchanged.  If we were told to ignore
@@ -1102,19 +1110,31 @@
 	int first = 1;
 	int in_porcelain = (flags & REFRESH_IN_PORCELAIN);
 	unsigned int options = really ? CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID : 0;
-	const char *needs_update_fmt;
-	const char *needs_merge_fmt;
+	const char *modified_fmt;
+	const char *deleted_fmt;
+	const char *typechange_fmt;
+	const char *added_fmt;
+	const char *unmerged_fmt;
 
-	needs_update_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "M\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
-	needs_merge_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "U\t%s\n" : "%s: needs merge\n");
+	modified_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "M\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
+	deleted_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "D\t%s\n" : "%s: needs update\n");
+	typechange_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "T\t%s\n" : "%s needs update\n");
+	added_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "A\t%s\n" : "%s needs update\n");
+	unmerged_fmt = (in_porcelain ? "U\t%s\n" : "%s: needs merge\n");
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce, *new;
 		int cache_errno = 0;
+		int changed = 0;
+		int filtered = 0;
 
 		ce = istate->cache[i];
 		if (ignore_submodules && S_ISGITLINK(ce->ce_mode))
 			continue;
 
+		if (pathspec &&
+		    !match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), 0, seen))
+			filtered = 1;
+
 		if (ce_stage(ce)) {
 			while ((i < istate->cache_nr) &&
 			       ! strcmp(istate->cache[i]->name, ce->name))
@@ -1122,18 +1142,22 @@
 			i--;
 			if (allow_unmerged)
 				continue;
-			show_file(needs_merge_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
+			if (!filtered)
+				show_file(unmerged_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain,
+					  &first, header_msg);
 			has_errors = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (pathspec && !match_pathspec(pathspec, ce->name, strlen(ce->name), 0, seen))
+		if (filtered)
 			continue;
 
-		new = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno);
+		new = refresh_cache_ent(istate, ce, options, &cache_errno, &changed);
 		if (new == ce)
 			continue;
 		if (!new) {
+			const char *fmt;
+
 			if (not_new && cache_errno == ENOENT)
 				continue;
 			if (really && cache_errno == EINVAL) {
@@ -1145,7 +1169,17 @@
 			}
 			if (quiet)
 				continue;
-			show_file(needs_update_fmt, ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
+
+			if (cache_errno == ENOENT)
+				fmt = deleted_fmt;
+			else if (ce->ce_flags & CE_INTENT_TO_ADD)
+				fmt = added_fmt; /* must be before other checks */
+			else if (changed & TYPE_CHANGED)
+				fmt = typechange_fmt;
+			else
+				fmt = modified_fmt;
+			show_file(fmt,
+				  ce->name, in_porcelain, &first, header_msg);
 			has_errors = 1;
 			continue;
 		}
@@ -1157,18 +1191,77 @@
 
 static struct cache_entry *refresh_cache_entry(struct cache_entry *ce, int really)
 {
-	return refresh_cache_ent(&the_index, ce, really, NULL);
+	return refresh_cache_ent(&the_index, ce, really, NULL, NULL);
 }
 
+
+/*****************************************************************
+ * Index File I/O
+ *****************************************************************/
+
+#define INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT 3
+
+/*
+ * dev/ino/uid/gid/size are also just tracked to the low 32 bits
+ * Again - this is just a (very strong in practice) heuristic that
+ * the inode hasn't changed.
+ *
+ * We save the fields in big-endian order to allow using the
+ * index file over NFS transparently.
+ */
+struct ondisk_cache_entry {
+	struct cache_time ctime;
+	struct cache_time mtime;
+	unsigned int dev;
+	unsigned int ino;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned int uid;
+	unsigned int gid;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned short flags;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+/*
+ * This struct is used when CE_EXTENDED bit is 1
+ * The struct must match ondisk_cache_entry exactly from
+ * ctime till flags
+ */
+struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended {
+	struct cache_time ctime;
+	struct cache_time mtime;
+	unsigned int dev;
+	unsigned int ino;
+	unsigned int mode;
+	unsigned int uid;
+	unsigned int gid;
+	unsigned int size;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	unsigned short flags;
+	unsigned short flags2;
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY]; /* more */
+};
+
+/* These are only used for v3 or lower */
+#define align_flex_name(STRUCT,len) ((offsetof(struct STRUCT,name) + (len) + 8) & ~7)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_size(len) align_flex_name(ondisk_cache_entry,len)
+#define ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(len) align_flex_name(ondisk_cache_entry_extended,len)
+#define ondisk_ce_size(ce) (((ce)->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) ? \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_extended_size(ce_namelen(ce)) : \
+			    ondisk_cache_entry_size(ce_namelen(ce)))
+
 static int verify_hdr(struct cache_header *hdr, unsigned long size)
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int hdr_version;
 
 	if (hdr->hdr_signature != htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE))
 		return error("bad signature");
-	if (hdr->hdr_version != htonl(2) && hdr->hdr_version != htonl(3))
-		return error("bad index version");
+	hdr_version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
+	if (hdr_version < 2 || 4 < hdr_version)
+		return error("bad index version %d", hdr_version);
 	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
 	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, size - 20);
 	git_SHA1_Final(sha1, &c);
@@ -1202,63 +1295,116 @@
 	return read_index_from(istate, get_index_file());
 }
 
-static void convert_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk, struct cache_entry *ce)
+#ifndef NEEDS_ALIGNED_ACCESS
+#define ntoh_s(var) ntohs(var)
+#define ntoh_l(var) ntohl(var)
+#else
+static inline uint16_t ntoh_s_force_align(void *p)
 {
+	uint16_t x;
+	memcpy(&x, p, sizeof(x));
+	return ntohs(x);
+}
+static inline uint32_t ntoh_l_force_align(void *p)
+{
+	uint32_t x;
+	memcpy(&x, p, sizeof(x));
+	return ntohl(x);
+}
+#define ntoh_s(var) ntoh_s_force_align(&(var))
+#define ntoh_l(var) ntoh_l_force_align(&(var))
+#endif
+
+static struct cache_entry *cache_entry_from_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+						   unsigned int flags,
+						   const char *name,
+						   size_t len)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce = xmalloc(cache_entry_size(len));
+
+	ce->ce_ctime.sec = ntoh_l(ondisk->ctime.sec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.sec = ntoh_l(ondisk->mtime.sec);
+	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ntoh_l(ondisk->ctime.nsec);
+	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ntoh_l(ondisk->mtime.nsec);
+	ce->ce_dev   = ntoh_l(ondisk->dev);
+	ce->ce_ino   = ntoh_l(ondisk->ino);
+	ce->ce_mode  = ntoh_l(ondisk->mode);
+	ce->ce_uid   = ntoh_l(ondisk->uid);
+	ce->ce_gid   = ntoh_l(ondisk->gid);
+	ce->ce_size  = ntoh_l(ondisk->size);
+	ce->ce_flags = flags & ~CE_NAMEMASK;
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
+	hashcpy(ce->sha1, ondisk->sha1);
+	memcpy(ce->name, name, len);
+	ce->name[len] = '\0';
+	return ce;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Adjacent cache entries tend to share the leading paths, so it makes
+ * sense to only store the differences in later entries.  In the v4
+ * on-disk format of the index, each on-disk cache entry stores the
+ * number of bytes to be stripped from the end of the previous name,
+ * and the bytes to append to the result, to come up with its name.
+ */
+static unsigned long expand_name_field(struct strbuf *name, const char *cp_)
+{
+	const unsigned char *ep, *cp = (const unsigned char *)cp_;
+	size_t len = decode_varint(&cp);
+
+	if (name->len < len)
+		die("malformed name field in the index");
+	strbuf_remove(name, name->len - len, len);
+	for (ep = cp; *ep; ep++)
+		; /* find the end */
+	strbuf_add(name, cp, ep - cp);
+	return (const char *)ep + 1 - cp_;
+}
+
+static struct cache_entry *create_from_disk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+					    unsigned long *ent_size,
+					    struct strbuf *previous_name)
+{
+	struct cache_entry *ce;
 	size_t len;
 	const char *name;
+	unsigned int flags;
 
-	ce->ce_ctime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.sec);
-	ce->ce_mtime.sec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.sec);
-	ce->ce_ctime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->ctime.nsec);
-	ce->ce_mtime.nsec = ntohl(ondisk->mtime.nsec);
-	ce->ce_dev   = ntohl(ondisk->dev);
-	ce->ce_ino   = ntohl(ondisk->ino);
-	ce->ce_mode  = ntohl(ondisk->mode);
-	ce->ce_uid   = ntohl(ondisk->uid);
-	ce->ce_gid   = ntohl(ondisk->gid);
-	ce->ce_size  = ntohl(ondisk->size);
 	/* On-disk flags are just 16 bits */
-	ce->ce_flags = ntohs(ondisk->flags);
+	flags = ntoh_s(ondisk->flags);
+	len = flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
 
-	hashcpy(ce->sha1, ondisk->sha1);
-
-	len = ce->ce_flags & CE_NAMEMASK;
-
-	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
+	if (flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
 		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
 		int extended_flags;
 		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
-		extended_flags = ntohs(ondisk2->flags2) << 16;
+		extended_flags = ntoh_s(ondisk2->flags2) << 16;
 		/* We do not yet understand any bit out of CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS */
 		if (extended_flags & ~CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS)
 			die("Unknown index entry format %08x", extended_flags);
-		ce->ce_flags |= extended_flags;
+		flags |= extended_flags;
 		name = ondisk2->name;
 	}
 	else
 		name = ondisk->name;
 
-	if (len == CE_NAMEMASK)
-		len = strlen(name);
-	/*
-	 * NEEDSWORK: If the original index is crafted, this copy could
-	 * go unchecked.
-	 */
-	memcpy(ce->name, name, len + 1);
-}
+	if (!previous_name) {
+		/* v3 and earlier */
+		if (len == CE_NAMEMASK)
+			len = strlen(name);
+		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(ondisk, flags, name, len);
 
-static inline size_t estimate_cache_size(size_t ondisk_size, unsigned int entries)
-{
-	long per_entry;
+		*ent_size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
+	} else {
+		unsigned long consumed;
+		consumed = expand_name_field(previous_name, name);
+		ce = cache_entry_from_ondisk(ondisk, flags,
+					     previous_name->buf,
+					     previous_name->len);
 
-	per_entry = sizeof(struct cache_entry) - sizeof(struct ondisk_cache_entry);
-
-	/*
-	 * Alignment can cause differences. This should be "alignof", but
-	 * since that's a gcc'ism, just use the size of a pointer.
-	 */
-	per_entry += sizeof(void *);
-	return ondisk_size + entries*per_entry;
+		*ent_size = (name - ((char *)ondisk)) + consumed;
+	}
+	return ce;
 }
 
 /* remember to discard_cache() before reading a different cache! */
@@ -1266,16 +1412,15 @@
 {
 	int fd, i;
 	struct stat st;
-	unsigned long src_offset, dst_offset;
+	unsigned long src_offset;
 	struct cache_header *hdr;
 	void *mmap;
 	size_t mmap_size;
+	struct strbuf previous_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT, *previous_name;
 
-	errno = EBUSY;
 	if (istate->initialized)
 		return istate->cache_nr;
 
-	errno = ENOENT;
 	istate->timestamp.sec = 0;
 	istate->timestamp.nsec = 0;
 	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
@@ -1288,47 +1433,43 @@
 	if (fstat(fd, &st))
 		die_errno("cannot stat the open index");
 
-	errno = EINVAL;
 	mmap_size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
 	if (mmap_size < sizeof(struct cache_header) + 20)
 		die("index file smaller than expected");
 
 	mmap = xmmap(NULL, mmap_size, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
-	close(fd);
 	if (mmap == MAP_FAILED)
 		die_errno("unable to map index file");
+	close(fd);
 
 	hdr = mmap;
 	if (verify_hdr(hdr, mmap_size) < 0)
 		goto unmap;
 
+	istate->version = ntohl(hdr->hdr_version);
 	istate->cache_nr = ntohl(hdr->hdr_entries);
 	istate->cache_alloc = alloc_nr(istate->cache_nr);
 	istate->cache = xcalloc(istate->cache_alloc, sizeof(struct cache_entry *));
-
-	/*
-	 * The disk format is actually larger than the in-memory format,
-	 * due to space for nsec etc, so even though the in-memory one
-	 * has room for a few  more flags, we can allocate using the same
-	 * index size
-	 */
-	istate->alloc = xmalloc(estimate_cache_size(mmap_size, istate->cache_nr));
 	istate->initialized = 1;
 
+	if (istate->version == 4)
+		previous_name = &previous_name_buf;
+	else
+		previous_name = NULL;
+
 	src_offset = sizeof(*hdr);
-	dst_offset = 0;
 	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++) {
 		struct ondisk_cache_entry *disk_ce;
 		struct cache_entry *ce;
+		unsigned long consumed;
 
 		disk_ce = (struct ondisk_cache_entry *)((char *)mmap + src_offset);
-		ce = (struct cache_entry *)((char *)istate->alloc + dst_offset);
-		convert_from_disk(disk_ce, ce);
+		ce = create_from_disk(disk_ce, &consumed, previous_name);
 		set_index_entry(istate, i, ce);
 
-		src_offset += ondisk_ce_size(ce);
-		dst_offset += ce_size(ce);
+		src_offset += consumed;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&previous_name_buf);
 	istate->timestamp.sec = st.st_mtime;
 	istate->timestamp.nsec = ST_MTIME_NSEC(st);
 
@@ -1355,17 +1496,20 @@
 
 unmap:
 	munmap(mmap, mmap_size);
-	errno = EINVAL;
 	die("index file corrupt");
 }
 
 int is_index_unborn(struct index_state *istate)
 {
-	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->alloc && !istate->timestamp.sec);
+	return (!istate->cache_nr && !istate->timestamp.sec);
 }
 
 int discard_index(struct index_state *istate)
 {
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < istate->cache_nr; i++)
+		free(istate->cache[i]);
 	resolve_undo_clear_index(istate);
 	istate->cache_nr = 0;
 	istate->cache_changed = 0;
@@ -1374,8 +1518,6 @@
 	istate->name_hash_initialized = 0;
 	free_hash(&istate->name_hash);
 	cache_tree_free(&(istate->cache_tree));
-	free(istate->alloc);
-	istate->alloc = NULL;
 	istate->initialized = 0;
 
 	/* no need to throw away allocated active_cache */
@@ -1510,12 +1652,11 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce)
+/* Copy miscellaneous fields but not the name */
+static char *copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk,
+				       struct cache_entry *ce)
 {
-	int size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
-	struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
-	char *name;
-	int result;
+	short flags;
 
 	ondisk->ctime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_ctime.sec);
 	ondisk->mtime.sec = htonl(ce->ce_mtime.sec);
@@ -1528,16 +1669,60 @@
 	ondisk->gid  = htonl(ce->ce_gid);
 	ondisk->size = htonl(ce->ce_size);
 	hashcpy(ondisk->sha1, ce->sha1);
-	ondisk->flags = htons(ce->ce_flags);
+
+	flags = ce->ce_flags;
+	flags |= (ce_namelen(ce) >= CE_NAMEMASK ? CE_NAMEMASK : ce_namelen(ce));
+	ondisk->flags = htons(flags);
 	if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED) {
 		struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *ondisk2;
 		ondisk2 = (struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended *)ondisk;
 		ondisk2->flags2 = htons((ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED_FLAGS) >> 16);
-		name = ondisk2->name;
+		return ondisk2->name;
 	}
-	else
-		name = ondisk->name;
-	memcpy(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+	else {
+		return ondisk->name;
+	}
+}
+
+static int ce_write_entry(git_SHA_CTX *c, int fd, struct cache_entry *ce,
+			  struct strbuf *previous_name)
+{
+	int size;
+	struct ondisk_cache_entry *ondisk;
+	char *name;
+	int result;
+
+	if (!previous_name) {
+		size = ondisk_ce_size(ce);
+		ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
+		name = copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
+		memcpy(name, ce->name, ce_namelen(ce));
+	} else {
+		int common, to_remove, prefix_size;
+		unsigned char to_remove_vi[16];
+		for (common = 0;
+		     (ce->name[common] &&
+		      common < previous_name->len &&
+		      ce->name[common] == previous_name->buf[common]);
+		     common++)
+			; /* still matching */
+		to_remove = previous_name->len - common;
+		prefix_size = encode_varint(to_remove, to_remove_vi);
+
+		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_EXTENDED)
+			size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry_extended, name);
+		else
+			size = offsetof(struct ondisk_cache_entry, name);
+		size += prefix_size + (ce_namelen(ce) - common + 1);
+
+		ondisk = xcalloc(1, size);
+		name = copy_cache_entry_to_ondisk(ondisk, ce);
+		memcpy(name, to_remove_vi, prefix_size);
+		memcpy(name + prefix_size, ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
+
+		strbuf_splice(previous_name, common, to_remove,
+			      ce->name + common, ce_namelen(ce) - common);
+	}
 
 	result = ce_write(c, fd, ondisk, size);
 	free(ondisk);
@@ -1573,10 +1758,11 @@
 {
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	struct cache_header hdr;
-	int i, err, removed, extended;
+	int i, err, removed, extended, hdr_version;
 	struct cache_entry **cache = istate->cache;
 	int entries = istate->cache_nr;
 	struct stat st;
+	struct strbuf previous_name_buf = STRBUF_INIT, *previous_name;
 
 	for (i = removed = extended = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		if (cache[i]->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
@@ -1590,24 +1776,36 @@
 		}
 	}
 
+	if (!istate->version)
+		istate->version = INDEX_FORMAT_DEFAULT;
+
+	/* demote version 3 to version 2 when the latter suffices */
+	if (istate->version == 3 || istate->version == 2)
+		istate->version = extended ? 3 : 2;
+
+	hdr_version = istate->version;
+
 	hdr.hdr_signature = htonl(CACHE_SIGNATURE);
-	/* for extended format, increase version so older git won't try to read it */
-	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(extended ? 3 : 2);
+	hdr.hdr_version = htonl(hdr_version);
 	hdr.hdr_entries = htonl(entries - removed);
 
 	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
 	if (ce_write(&c, newfd, &hdr, sizeof(hdr)) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
+	previous_name = (hdr_version == 4) ? &previous_name_buf : NULL;
 	for (i = 0; i < entries; i++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = cache[i];
 		if (ce->ce_flags & CE_REMOVE)
 			continue;
 		if (!ce_uptodate(ce) && is_racy_timestamp(istate, ce))
 			ce_smudge_racily_clean_entry(ce);
-		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce) < 0)
+		if (is_null_sha1(ce->sha1))
+			return error("cache entry has null sha1: %s", ce->name);
+		if (ce_write_entry(&c, newfd, ce, previous_name) < 0)
 			return -1;
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&previous_name_buf);
 
 	/* Write extension data here */
 	if (istate->cache_tree) {
@@ -1660,11 +1858,12 @@
 		if (!ce_stage(ce))
 			continue;
 		unmerged = 1;
-		len = strlen(ce->name);
+		len = ce_namelen(ce);
 		size = cache_entry_size(len);
 		new_ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 		memcpy(new_ce->name, ce->name, len);
-		new_ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, 0) | CE_CONFLICTED;
+		new_ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(0) | CE_CONFLICTED;
+		new_ce->ce_namelen = len;
 		new_ce->ce_mode = ce->ce_mode;
 		if (add_index_entry(istate, new_ce, 0))
 			return error("%s: cannot drop to stage #0",
diff --git a/reflog-walk.c b/reflog-walk.c
index 5d81d39..b2fbdb2 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.c
+++ b/reflog-walk.c
@@ -50,9 +50,13 @@
 	for_each_reflog_ent(ref, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
 	if (reflogs->nr == 0) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		const char *name = resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL);
-		if (name)
+		const char *name;
+		void *name_to_free;
+		name = name_to_free = resolve_refdup(ref, sha1, 1, NULL);
+		if (name) {
 			for_each_reflog_ent(name, read_one_reflog, reflogs);
+			free(name_to_free);
+		}
 	}
 	if (reflogs->nr == 0) {
 		int len = strlen(ref);
@@ -122,7 +126,12 @@
 }
 
 struct commit_reflog {
-	int flag, recno;
+	int recno;
+	enum selector_type {
+		SELECTOR_NONE,
+		SELECTOR_INDEX,
+		SELECTOR_DATE
+	} selector;
 	struct complete_reflogs *reflogs;
 };
 
@@ -146,6 +155,7 @@
 	struct complete_reflogs *reflogs;
 	char *branch, *at = strchr(name, '@');
 	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog;
+	enum selector_type selector = SELECTOR_NONE;
 
 	if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
 		die ("Cannot walk reflogs for %s", name);
@@ -158,7 +168,10 @@
 		if (*ep != '}') {
 			recno = -1;
 			timestamp = approxidate(at + 2);
+			selector = SELECTOR_DATE;
 		}
+		else
+			selector = SELECTOR_INDEX;
 	} else
 		recno = 0;
 
@@ -168,11 +181,11 @@
 	else {
 		if (*branch == '\0') {
 			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			const char *head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
-			if (!head)
-				die ("No current branch");
 			free(branch);
-			branch = xstrdup(head);
+			branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
+			if (!branch)
+				die ("No current branch");
+
 		}
 		reflogs = read_complete_reflog(branch);
 		if (!reflogs || reflogs->nr == 0) {
@@ -196,7 +209,6 @@
 
 	commit_reflog = xcalloc(sizeof(struct commit_reflog), 1);
 	if (recno < 0) {
-		commit_reflog->flag = 1;
 		commit_reflog->recno = get_reflog_recno_by_time(reflogs, timestamp);
 		if (commit_reflog->recno < 0) {
 			free(branch);
@@ -205,6 +217,7 @@
 		}
 	} else
 		commit_reflog->recno = reflogs->nr - recno - 1;
+	commit_reflog->selector = selector;
 	commit_reflog->reflogs = reflogs;
 
 	add_commit_info(commit, commit_reflog, &info->reflogs);
@@ -243,7 +256,7 @@
 
 void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
 			 struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
-			 enum date_mode dmode,
+			 enum date_mode dmode, int force_date,
 			 int shorten)
 {
 	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
@@ -263,7 +276,8 @@
 	}
 
 	strbuf_addf(sb, "%s@{", printed_ref);
-	if (commit_reflog->flag || dmode) {
+	if (commit_reflog->selector == SELECTOR_DATE ||
+	    (commit_reflog->selector == SELECTOR_NONE && force_date)) {
 		info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
 		strbuf_addstr(sb, show_date(info->timestamp, info->tz, dmode));
 	} else {
@@ -291,8 +305,20 @@
 	strbuf_add(sb, info->message, len);
 }
 
+const char *get_reflog_ident(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info)
+{
+	struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
+	struct reflog_info *info;
+
+	if (!commit_reflog)
+		return NULL;
+
+	info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
+	return info->email;
+}
+
 void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info, int oneline,
-	enum date_mode dmode)
+			 enum date_mode dmode, int force_date)
 {
 	if (reflog_info && reflog_info->last_commit_reflog) {
 		struct commit_reflog *commit_reflog = reflog_info->last_commit_reflog;
@@ -300,7 +326,7 @@
 		struct strbuf selector = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 		info = &commit_reflog->reflogs->items[commit_reflog->recno+1];
-		get_reflog_selector(&selector, reflog_info, dmode, 0);
+		get_reflog_selector(&selector, reflog_info, dmode, force_date, 0);
 		if (oneline) {
 			printf("%s: %s", selector.buf, info->message);
 		}
diff --git a/reflog-walk.h b/reflog-walk.h
index 7bd2cd4..50265f5 100644
--- a/reflog-walk.h
+++ b/reflog-walk.h
@@ -11,12 +11,13 @@
 extern void fake_reflog_parent(struct reflog_walk_info *info,
 		struct commit *commit);
 extern void show_reflog_message(struct reflog_walk_info *info, int,
-		enum date_mode);
+				enum date_mode, int force_date);
 extern void get_reflog_message(struct strbuf *sb,
 		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
+extern const char *get_reflog_ident(struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info);
 extern void get_reflog_selector(struct strbuf *sb,
 		struct reflog_walk_info *reflog_info,
-		enum date_mode dmode,
+		enum date_mode dmode, int force_date,
 		int shorten);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/refs.c b/refs.c
index cab4394..2962825 100644
--- a/refs.c
+++ b/refs.c
@@ -4,22 +4,776 @@
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "dir.h"
 
-/* ISSYMREF=01 and ISPACKED=02 are public interfaces */
-#define REF_KNOWS_PEELED 04
-#define REF_BROKEN 010
+/*
+ * Make sure "ref" is something reasonable to have under ".git/refs/";
+ * We do not like it if:
+ *
+ * - any path component of it begins with ".", or
+ * - it has double dots "..", or
+ * - it has ASCII control character, "~", "^", ":" or SP, anywhere, or
+ * - it ends with a "/".
+ * - it ends with ".lock"
+ * - it contains a "\" (backslash)
+ */
 
-struct ref_entry {
-	unsigned char flag; /* ISSYMREF? ISPACKED? */
+/* Return true iff ch is not allowed in reference names. */
+static inline int bad_ref_char(int ch)
+{
+	if (((unsigned) ch) <= ' ' || ch == 0x7f ||
+	    ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':' || ch == '\\')
+		return 1;
+	/* 2.13 Pattern Matching Notation */
+	if (ch == '*' || ch == '?' || ch == '[') /* Unsupported */
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Try to read one refname component from the front of refname.  Return
+ * the length of the component found, or -1 if the component is not
+ * legal.
+ */
+static int check_refname_component(const char *refname, int flags)
+{
+	const char *cp;
+	char last = '\0';
+
+	for (cp = refname; ; cp++) {
+		char ch = *cp;
+		if (ch == '\0' || ch == '/')
+			break;
+		if (bad_ref_char(ch))
+			return -1; /* Illegal character in refname. */
+		if (last == '.' && ch == '.')
+			return -1; /* Refname contains "..". */
+		if (last == '@' && ch == '{')
+			return -1; /* Refname contains "@{". */
+		last = ch;
+	}
+	if (cp == refname)
+		return 0; /* Component has zero length. */
+	if (refname[0] == '.') {
+		if (!(flags & REFNAME_DOT_COMPONENT))
+			return -1; /* Component starts with '.'. */
+		/*
+		 * Even if leading dots are allowed, don't allow "."
+		 * as a component (".." is prevented by a rule above).
+		 */
+		if (refname[1] == '\0')
+			return -1; /* Component equals ".". */
+	}
+	if (cp - refname >= 5 && !memcmp(cp - 5, ".lock", 5))
+		return -1; /* Refname ends with ".lock". */
+	return cp - refname;
+}
+
+int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags)
+{
+	int component_len, component_count = 0;
+
+	while (1) {
+		/* We are at the start of a path component. */
+		component_len = check_refname_component(refname, flags);
+		if (component_len <= 0) {
+			if ((flags & REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN) &&
+					refname[0] == '*' &&
+					(refname[1] == '\0' || refname[1] == '/')) {
+				/* Accept one wildcard as a full refname component. */
+				flags &= ~REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN;
+				component_len = 1;
+			} else {
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		component_count++;
+		if (refname[component_len] == '\0')
+			break;
+		/* Skip to next component. */
+		refname += component_len + 1;
+	}
+
+	if (refname[component_len - 1] == '.')
+		return -1; /* Refname ends with '.'. */
+	if (!(flags & REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL) && component_count < 2)
+		return -1; /* Refname has only one component. */
+	return 0;
+}
+
+struct ref_entry;
+
+/*
+ * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
+ * describe a single cached reference.  This data structure only
+ * occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and only when
+ * (ref_entry->flag & REF_DIR) is zero.
+ */
+struct ref_value {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	unsigned char peeled[20];
+};
+
+struct ref_cache;
+
+/*
+ * Information used (along with the information in ref_entry) to
+ * describe a level in the hierarchy of references.  This data
+ * structure only occurs embedded in a union in struct ref_entry, and
+ * only when (ref_entry.flag & REF_DIR) is set.  In that case,
+ * (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) determines whether the references
+ * in the directory have already been read:
+ *
+ *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) unset -- a directory of loose
+ *         or packed references, already read.
+ *
+ *     (ref_entry.flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) set -- a directory of loose
+ *         references that hasn't been read yet (nor has any of its
+ *         subdirectories).
+ *
+ * Entries within a directory are stored within a growable array of
+ * pointers to ref_entries (entries, nr, alloc).  Entries 0 <= i <
+ * sorted are sorted by their component name in strcmp() order and the
+ * remaining entries are unsorted.
+ *
+ * Loose references are read lazily, one directory at a time.  When a
+ * directory of loose references is read, then all of the references
+ * in that directory are stored, and REF_INCOMPLETE stubs are created
+ * for any subdirectories, but the subdirectories themselves are not
+ * read.  The reading is triggered by get_ref_dir().
+ */
+struct ref_dir {
+	int nr, alloc;
+
+	/*
+	 * Entries with index 0 <= i < sorted are sorted by name.  New
+	 * entries are appended to the list unsorted, and are sorted
+	 * only when required; thus we avoid the need to sort the list
+	 * after the addition of every reference.
+	 */
+	int sorted;
+
+	/* A pointer to the ref_cache that contains this ref_dir. */
+	struct ref_cache *ref_cache;
+
+	struct ref_entry **entries;
+};
+
+/* ISSYMREF=0x01, ISPACKED=0x02, and ISBROKEN=0x04 are public interfaces */
+#define REF_KNOWS_PEELED 0x08
+
+/* ref_entry represents a directory of references */
+#define REF_DIR 0x10
+
+/*
+ * Entry has not yet been read from disk (used only for REF_DIR
+ * entries representing loose references)
+ */
+#define REF_INCOMPLETE 0x20
+
+/*
+ * A ref_entry represents either a reference or a "subdirectory" of
+ * references.
+ *
+ * Each directory in the reference namespace is represented by a
+ * ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR) set and containing a subdir member
+ * that holds the entries in that directory that have been read so
+ * far.  If (flags & REF_INCOMPLETE) is set, then the directory and
+ * its subdirectories haven't been read yet.  REF_INCOMPLETE is only
+ * used for loose reference directories.
+ *
+ * References are represented by a ref_entry with (flags & REF_DIR)
+ * unset and a value member that describes the reference's value.  The
+ * flag member is at the ref_entry level, but it is also needed to
+ * interpret the contents of the value field (in other words, a
+ * ref_value object is not very much use without the enclosing
+ * ref_entry).
+ *
+ * Reference names cannot end with slash and directories' names are
+ * always stored with a trailing slash (except for the top-level
+ * directory, which is always denoted by "").  This has two nice
+ * consequences: (1) when the entries in each subdir are sorted
+ * lexicographically by name (as they usually are), the references in
+ * a whole tree can be generated in lexicographic order by traversing
+ * the tree in left-to-right, depth-first order; (2) the names of
+ * references and subdirectories cannot conflict, and therefore the
+ * presence of an empty subdirectory does not block the creation of a
+ * similarly-named reference.  (The fact that reference names with the
+ * same leading components can conflict *with each other* is a
+ * separate issue that is regulated by is_refname_available().)
+ *
+ * Please note that the name field contains the fully-qualified
+ * reference (or subdirectory) name.  Space could be saved by only
+ * storing the relative names.  But that would require the full names
+ * to be generated on the fly when iterating in do_for_each_ref(), and
+ * would break callback functions, who have always been able to assume
+ * that the name strings that they are passed will not be freed during
+ * the iteration.
+ */
+struct ref_entry {
+	unsigned char flag; /* ISSYMREF? ISPACKED? */
+	union {
+		struct ref_value value; /* if not (flags&REF_DIR) */
+		struct ref_dir subdir; /* if (flags&REF_DIR) */
+	} u;
+	/*
+	 * The full name of the reference (e.g., "refs/heads/master")
+	 * or the full name of the directory with a trailing slash
+	 * (e.g., "refs/heads/"):
+	 */
 	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
 };
 
-struct ref_array {
-	int nr, alloc;
-	struct ref_entry **refs;
+static void read_loose_refs(const char *dirname, struct ref_dir *dir);
+
+static struct ref_dir *get_ref_dir(struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	struct ref_dir *dir;
+	assert(entry->flag & REF_DIR);
+	dir = &entry->u.subdir;
+	if (entry->flag & REF_INCOMPLETE) {
+		read_loose_refs(entry->name, dir);
+		entry->flag &= ~REF_INCOMPLETE;
+	}
+	return dir;
+}
+
+static struct ref_entry *create_ref_entry(const char *refname,
+					  const unsigned char *sha1, int flag,
+					  int check_name)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct ref_entry *ref;
+
+	if (check_name &&
+	    check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL|REFNAME_DOT_COMPONENT))
+		die("Reference has invalid format: '%s'", refname);
+	len = strlen(refname) + 1;
+	ref = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len);
+	hashcpy(ref->u.value.sha1, sha1);
+	hashclr(ref->u.value.peeled);
+	memcpy(ref->name, refname, len);
+	ref->flag = flag;
+	return ref;
+}
+
+static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
+
+static void free_ref_entry(struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
+		/*
+		 * Do not use get_ref_dir() here, as that might
+		 * trigger the reading of loose refs.
+		 */
+		clear_ref_dir(&entry->u.subdir);
+	}
+	free(entry);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a ref_entry to the end of dir (unsorted).  Entry is always
+ * stored directly in dir; no recursion into subdirectories is
+ * done.
+ */
+static void add_entry_to_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	ALLOC_GROW(dir->entries, dir->nr + 1, dir->alloc);
+	dir->entries[dir->nr++] = entry;
+	/* optimize for the case that entries are added in order */
+	if (dir->nr == 1 ||
+	    (dir->nr == dir->sorted + 1 &&
+	     strcmp(dir->entries[dir->nr - 2]->name,
+		    dir->entries[dir->nr - 1]->name) < 0))
+		dir->sorted = dir->nr;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Clear and free all entries in dir, recursively.
+ */
+static void clear_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < dir->nr; i++)
+		free_ref_entry(dir->entries[i]);
+	free(dir->entries);
+	dir->sorted = dir->nr = dir->alloc = 0;
+	dir->entries = NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Create a struct ref_entry object for the specified dirname.
+ * dirname is the name of the directory with a trailing slash (e.g.,
+ * "refs/heads/") or "" for the top-level directory.
+ */
+static struct ref_entry *create_dir_entry(struct ref_cache *ref_cache,
+					  const char *dirname, size_t len,
+					  int incomplete)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *direntry;
+	direntry = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len + 1);
+	memcpy(direntry->name, dirname, len);
+	direntry->name[len] = '\0';
+	direntry->u.subdir.ref_cache = ref_cache;
+	direntry->flag = REF_DIR | (incomplete ? REF_INCOMPLETE : 0);
+	return direntry;
+}
+
+static int ref_entry_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *one = *(struct ref_entry **)a;
+	struct ref_entry *two = *(struct ref_entry **)b;
+	return strcmp(one->name, two->name);
+}
+
+static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir);
+
+struct string_slice {
+	size_t len;
+	const char *str;
 };
 
+static int ref_entry_cmp_sslice(const void *key_, const void *ent_)
+{
+	const struct string_slice *key = key_;
+	const struct ref_entry *ent = *(const struct ref_entry * const *)ent_;
+	int cmp = strncmp(key->str, ent->name, key->len);
+	if (cmp)
+		return cmp;
+	return '\0' - (unsigned char)ent->name[key->len];
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return the entry with the given refname from the ref_dir
+ * (non-recursively), sorting dir if necessary.  Return NULL if no
+ * such entry is found.  dir must already be complete.
+ */
+static struct ref_entry *search_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir,
+					const char *refname, size_t len)
+{
+	struct ref_entry **r;
+	struct string_slice key;
+
+	if (refname == NULL || !dir->nr)
+		return NULL;
+
+	sort_ref_dir(dir);
+	key.len = len;
+	key.str = refname;
+	r = bsearch(&key, dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(*dir->entries),
+		    ref_entry_cmp_sslice);
+
+	if (r == NULL)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return *r;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Search for a directory entry directly within dir (without
+ * recursing).  Sort dir if necessary.  subdirname must be a directory
+ * name (i.e., end in '/').  If mkdir is set, then create the
+ * directory if it is missing; otherwise, return NULL if the desired
+ * directory cannot be found.  dir must already be complete.
+ */
+static struct ref_dir *search_for_subdir(struct ref_dir *dir,
+					 const char *subdirname, size_t len,
+					 int mkdir)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *entry = search_ref_dir(dir, subdirname, len);
+	if (!entry) {
+		if (!mkdir)
+			return NULL;
+		/*
+		 * Since dir is complete, the absence of a subdir
+		 * means that the subdir really doesn't exist;
+		 * therefore, create an empty record for it but mark
+		 * the record complete.
+		 */
+		entry = create_dir_entry(dir->ref_cache, subdirname, len, 0);
+		add_entry_to_dir(dir, entry);
+	}
+	return get_ref_dir(entry);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If refname is a reference name, find the ref_dir within the dir
+ * tree that should hold refname.  If refname is a directory name
+ * (i.e., ends in '/'), then return that ref_dir itself.  dir must
+ * represent the top-level directory and must already be complete.
+ * Sort ref_dirs and recurse into subdirectories as necessary.  If
+ * mkdir is set, then create any missing directories; otherwise,
+ * return NULL if the desired directory cannot be found.
+ */
+static struct ref_dir *find_containing_dir(struct ref_dir *dir,
+					   const char *refname, int mkdir)
+{
+	const char *slash;
+	for (slash = strchr(refname, '/'); slash; slash = strchr(slash + 1, '/')) {
+		size_t dirnamelen = slash - refname + 1;
+		struct ref_dir *subdir;
+		subdir = search_for_subdir(dir, refname, dirnamelen, mkdir);
+		if (!subdir) {
+			dir = NULL;
+			break;
+		}
+		dir = subdir;
+	}
+
+	return dir;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Find the value entry with the given name in dir, sorting ref_dirs
+ * and recursing into subdirectories as necessary.  If the name is not
+ * found or it corresponds to a directory entry, return NULL.
+ */
+static struct ref_entry *find_ref(struct ref_dir *dir, const char *refname)
+{
+	struct ref_entry *entry;
+	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, refname, 0);
+	if (!dir)
+		return NULL;
+	entry = search_ref_dir(dir, refname, strlen(refname));
+	return (entry && !(entry->flag & REF_DIR)) ? entry : NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Add a ref_entry to the ref_dir (unsorted), recursing into
+ * subdirectories as necessary.  dir must represent the top-level
+ * directory.  Return 0 on success.
+ */
+static int add_ref(struct ref_dir *dir, struct ref_entry *ref)
+{
+	dir = find_containing_dir(dir, ref->name, 1);
+	if (!dir)
+		return -1;
+	add_entry_to_dir(dir, ref);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emit a warning and return true iff ref1 and ref2 have the same name
+ * and the same sha1.  Die if they have the same name but different
+ * sha1s.
+ */
+static int is_dup_ref(const struct ref_entry *ref1, const struct ref_entry *ref2)
+{
+	if (strcmp(ref1->name, ref2->name))
+		return 0;
+
+	/* Duplicate name; make sure that they don't conflict: */
+
+	if ((ref1->flag & REF_DIR) || (ref2->flag & REF_DIR))
+		/* This is impossible by construction */
+		die("Reference directory conflict: %s", ref1->name);
+
+	if (hashcmp(ref1->u.value.sha1, ref2->u.value.sha1))
+		die("Duplicated ref, and SHA1s don't match: %s", ref1->name);
+
+	warning("Duplicated ref: %s", ref1->name);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Sort the entries in dir non-recursively (if they are not already
+ * sorted) and remove any duplicate entries.
+ */
+static void sort_ref_dir(struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	int i, j;
+	struct ref_entry *last = NULL;
+
+	/*
+	 * This check also prevents passing a zero-length array to qsort(),
+	 * which is a problem on some platforms.
+	 */
+	if (dir->sorted == dir->nr)
+		return;
+
+	qsort(dir->entries, dir->nr, sizeof(*dir->entries), ref_entry_cmp);
+
+	/* Remove any duplicates: */
+	for (i = 0, j = 0; j < dir->nr; j++) {
+		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[j];
+		if (last && is_dup_ref(last, entry))
+			free_ref_entry(entry);
+		else
+			last = dir->entries[i++] = entry;
+	}
+	dir->sorted = dir->nr = i;
+}
+
+#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 01
+
+static struct ref_entry *current_ref;
+
+static int do_one_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
+		      int flags, void *cb_data, struct ref_entry *entry)
+{
+	int retval;
+	if (prefixcmp(entry->name, base))
+		return 0;
+
+	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN)) {
+		if (entry->flag & REF_ISBROKEN)
+			return 0; /* ignore broken refs e.g. dangling symref */
+		if (!has_sha1_file(entry->u.value.sha1)) {
+			error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	current_ref = entry;
+	retval = fn(entry->name + trim, entry->u.value.sha1, entry->flag, cb_data);
+	current_ref = NULL;
+	return retval;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call fn for each reference in dir that has index in the range
+ * offset <= index < dir->nr.  Recurse into subdirectories that are in
+ * that index range, sorting them before iterating.  This function
+ * does not sort dir itself; it should be sorted beforehand.
+ */
+static int do_for_each_ref_in_dir(struct ref_dir *dir, int offset,
+				  const char *base,
+				  each_ref_fn fn, int trim, int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int i;
+	assert(dir->sorted == dir->nr);
+	for (i = offset; i < dir->nr; i++) {
+		struct ref_entry *entry = dir->entries[i];
+		int retval;
+		if (entry->flag & REF_DIR) {
+			struct ref_dir *subdir = get_ref_dir(entry);
+			sort_ref_dir(subdir);
+			retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dir(subdir, 0,
+							base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+		} else {
+			retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, entry);
+		}
+		if (retval)
+			return retval;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Call fn for each reference in the union of dir1 and dir2, in order
+ * by refname.  Recurse into subdirectories.  If a value entry appears
+ * in both dir1 and dir2, then only process the version that is in
+ * dir2.  The input dirs must already be sorted, but subdirs will be
+ * sorted as needed.
+ */
+static int do_for_each_ref_in_dirs(struct ref_dir *dir1,
+				   struct ref_dir *dir2,
+				   const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
+				   int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int retval;
+	int i1 = 0, i2 = 0;
+
+	assert(dir1->sorted == dir1->nr);
+	assert(dir2->sorted == dir2->nr);
+	while (1) {
+		struct ref_entry *e1, *e2;
+		int cmp;
+		if (i1 == dir1->nr) {
+			return do_for_each_ref_in_dir(dir2, i2,
+						      base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+		}
+		if (i2 == dir2->nr) {
+			return do_for_each_ref_in_dir(dir1, i1,
+						      base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+		}
+		e1 = dir1->entries[i1];
+		e2 = dir2->entries[i2];
+		cmp = strcmp(e1->name, e2->name);
+		if (cmp == 0) {
+			if ((e1->flag & REF_DIR) && (e2->flag & REF_DIR)) {
+				/* Both are directories; descend them in parallel. */
+				struct ref_dir *subdir1 = get_ref_dir(e1);
+				struct ref_dir *subdir2 = get_ref_dir(e2);
+				sort_ref_dir(subdir1);
+				sort_ref_dir(subdir2);
+				retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dirs(
+						subdir1, subdir2,
+						base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+				i1++;
+				i2++;
+			} else if (!(e1->flag & REF_DIR) && !(e2->flag & REF_DIR)) {
+				/* Both are references; ignore the one from dir1. */
+				retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, e2);
+				i1++;
+				i2++;
+			} else {
+				die("conflict between reference and directory: %s",
+				    e1->name);
+			}
+		} else {
+			struct ref_entry *e;
+			if (cmp < 0) {
+				e = e1;
+				i1++;
+			} else {
+				e = e2;
+				i2++;
+			}
+			if (e->flag & REF_DIR) {
+				struct ref_dir *subdir = get_ref_dir(e);
+				sort_ref_dir(subdir);
+				retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dir(
+						subdir, 0,
+						base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+			} else {
+				retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, e);
+			}
+		}
+		if (retval)
+			return retval;
+	}
+	if (i1 < dir1->nr)
+		return do_for_each_ref_in_dir(dir1, i1,
+					      base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+	if (i2 < dir2->nr)
+		return do_for_each_ref_in_dir(dir2, i2,
+					      base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return true iff refname1 and refname2 conflict with each other.
+ * Two reference names conflict if one of them exactly matches the
+ * leading components of the other; e.g., "foo/bar" conflicts with
+ * both "foo" and with "foo/bar/baz" but not with "foo/bar" or
+ * "foo/barbados".
+ */
+static int names_conflict(const char *refname1, const char *refname2)
+{
+	for (; *refname1 && *refname1 == *refname2; refname1++, refname2++)
+		;
+	return (*refname1 == '\0' && *refname2 == '/')
+		|| (*refname1 == '/' && *refname2 == '\0');
+}
+
+struct name_conflict_cb {
+	const char *refname;
+	const char *oldrefname;
+	const char *conflicting_refname;
+};
+
+static int name_conflict_fn(const char *existingrefname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+			    int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct name_conflict_cb *data = (struct name_conflict_cb *)cb_data;
+	if (data->oldrefname && !strcmp(data->oldrefname, existingrefname))
+		return 0;
+	if (names_conflict(data->refname, existingrefname)) {
+		data->conflicting_refname = existingrefname;
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return true iff a reference named refname could be created without
+ * conflicting with the name of an existing reference in array.  If
+ * oldrefname is non-NULL, ignore potential conflicts with oldrefname
+ * (e.g., because oldrefname is scheduled for deletion in the same
+ * operation).
+ */
+static int is_refname_available(const char *refname, const char *oldrefname,
+				struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	struct name_conflict_cb data;
+	data.refname = refname;
+	data.oldrefname = oldrefname;
+	data.conflicting_refname = NULL;
+
+	sort_ref_dir(dir);
+	if (do_for_each_ref_in_dir(dir, 0, "", name_conflict_fn,
+				   0, DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN,
+				   &data)) {
+		error("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'",
+		      data.conflicting_refname, refname);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Future: need to be in "struct repository"
+ * when doing a full libification.
+ */
+static struct ref_cache {
+	struct ref_cache *next;
+	struct ref_entry *loose;
+	struct ref_entry *packed;
+	/* The submodule name, or "" for the main repo. */
+	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
+} *ref_cache;
+
+static void clear_packed_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
+{
+	if (refs->packed) {
+		free_ref_entry(refs->packed);
+		refs->packed = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static void clear_loose_ref_cache(struct ref_cache *refs)
+{
+	if (refs->loose) {
+		free_ref_entry(refs->loose);
+		refs->loose = NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static struct ref_cache *create_ref_cache(const char *submodule)
+{
+	int len;
+	struct ref_cache *refs;
+	if (!submodule)
+		submodule = "";
+	len = strlen(submodule) + 1;
+	refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_cache) + len);
+	memcpy(refs->name, submodule, len);
+	return refs;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return a pointer to a ref_cache for the specified submodule. For
+ * the main repository, use submodule==NULL. The returned structure
+ * will be allocated and initialized but not necessarily populated; it
+ * should not be freed.
+ */
+static struct ref_cache *get_ref_cache(const char *submodule)
+{
+	struct ref_cache *refs = ref_cache;
+	if (!submodule)
+		submodule = "";
+	while (refs) {
+		if (!strcmp(submodule, refs->name))
+			return refs;
+		refs = refs->next;
+	}
+
+	refs = create_ref_cache(submodule);
+	refs->next = ref_cache;
+	ref_cache = refs;
+	return refs;
+}
+
+void invalidate_ref_cache(const char *submodule)
+{
+	struct ref_cache *refs = get_ref_cache(submodule);
+	clear_packed_ref_cache(refs);
+	clear_loose_ref_cache(refs);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Parse one line from a packed-refs file.  Write the SHA1 to sha1.
+ * Return a pointer to the refname within the line (null-terminated),
+ * or NULL if there was a problem.
+ */
 static const char *parse_ref_line(char *line, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	/*
@@ -48,170 +802,7 @@
 	return line;
 }
 
-static void add_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1,
-		    int flag, struct ref_array *refs,
-		    struct ref_entry **new_entry)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct ref_entry *entry;
-
-	/* Allocate it and add it in.. */
-	len = strlen(name) + 1;
-	entry = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len);
-	hashcpy(entry->sha1, sha1);
-	hashclr(entry->peeled);
-	if (check_refname_format(name, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL|REFNAME_DOT_COMPONENT))
-		die("Reference has invalid format: '%s'", name);
-	memcpy(entry->name, name, len);
-	entry->flag = flag;
-	if (new_entry)
-		*new_entry = entry;
-	ALLOC_GROW(refs->refs, refs->nr + 1, refs->alloc);
-	refs->refs[refs->nr++] = entry;
-}
-
-static int ref_entry_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
-{
-	struct ref_entry *one = *(struct ref_entry **)a;
-	struct ref_entry *two = *(struct ref_entry **)b;
-	return strcmp(one->name, two->name);
-}
-
-static void sort_ref_array(struct ref_array *array)
-{
-	int i = 0, j = 1;
-
-	/* Nothing to sort unless there are at least two entries */
-	if (array->nr < 2)
-		return;
-
-	qsort(array->refs, array->nr, sizeof(*array->refs), ref_entry_cmp);
-
-	/* Remove any duplicates from the ref_array */
-	for (; j < array->nr; j++) {
-		struct ref_entry *a = array->refs[i];
-		struct ref_entry *b = array->refs[j];
-		if (!strcmp(a->name, b->name)) {
-			if (hashcmp(a->sha1, b->sha1))
-				die("Duplicated ref, and SHA1s don't match: %s",
-				    a->name);
-			warning("Duplicated ref: %s", a->name);
-			free(b);
-			continue;
-		}
-		i++;
-		array->refs[i] = array->refs[j];
-	}
-	array->nr = i + 1;
-}
-
-static struct ref_entry *search_ref_array(struct ref_array *array, const char *name)
-{
-	struct ref_entry *e, **r;
-	int len;
-
-	if (name == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	if (!array->nr)
-		return NULL;
-
-	len = strlen(name) + 1;
-	e = xmalloc(sizeof(struct ref_entry) + len);
-	memcpy(e->name, name, len);
-
-	r = bsearch(&e, array->refs, array->nr, sizeof(*array->refs), ref_entry_cmp);
-
-	free(e);
-
-	if (r == NULL)
-		return NULL;
-
-	return *r;
-}
-
-/*
- * Future: need to be in "struct repository"
- * when doing a full libification.
- */
-static struct cached_refs {
-	struct cached_refs *next;
-	char did_loose;
-	char did_packed;
-	struct ref_array loose;
-	struct ref_array packed;
-	/* The submodule name, or "" for the main repo. */
-	char name[FLEX_ARRAY];
-} *cached_refs;
-
-static struct ref_entry *current_ref;
-
-static struct ref_array extra_refs;
-
-static void free_ref_array(struct ref_array *array)
-{
-	int i;
-	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++)
-		free(array->refs[i]);
-	free(array->refs);
-	array->nr = array->alloc = 0;
-	array->refs = NULL;
-}
-
-static void clear_cached_refs(struct cached_refs *ca)
-{
-	if (ca->did_loose)
-		free_ref_array(&ca->loose);
-	if (ca->did_packed)
-		free_ref_array(&ca->packed);
-	ca->did_loose = ca->did_packed = 0;
-}
-
-static struct cached_refs *create_cached_refs(const char *submodule)
-{
-	int len;
-	struct cached_refs *refs;
-	if (!submodule)
-		submodule = "";
-	len = strlen(submodule) + 1;
-	refs = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct cached_refs) + len);
-	memcpy(refs->name, submodule, len);
-	return refs;
-}
-
-/*
- * Return a pointer to a cached_refs for the specified submodule. For
- * the main repository, use submodule==NULL. The returned structure
- * will be allocated and initialized but not necessarily populated; it
- * should not be freed.
- */
-static struct cached_refs *get_cached_refs(const char *submodule)
-{
-	struct cached_refs *refs = cached_refs;
-	if (!submodule)
-		submodule = "";
-	while (refs) {
-		if (!strcmp(submodule, refs->name))
-			return refs;
-		refs = refs->next;
-	}
-
-	refs = create_cached_refs(submodule);
-	refs->next = cached_refs;
-	cached_refs = refs;
-	return refs;
-}
-
-static void invalidate_cached_refs(void)
-{
-	struct cached_refs *refs = cached_refs;
-	while (refs) {
-		clear_cached_refs(refs);
-		refs = refs->next;
-	}
-}
-
-static void read_packed_refs(FILE *f, struct ref_array *array)
+static void read_packed_refs(FILE *f, struct ref_dir *dir)
 {
 	struct ref_entry *last = NULL;
 	char refline[PATH_MAX];
@@ -219,7 +810,7 @@
 
 	while (fgets(refline, sizeof(refline), f)) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
-		const char *name;
+		const char *refname;
 		static const char header[] = "# pack-refs with:";
 
 		if (!strncmp(refline, header, sizeof(header)-1)) {
@@ -230,9 +821,10 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		name = parse_ref_line(refline, sha1);
-		if (name) {
-			add_ref(name, sha1, flag, array, &last);
+		refname = parse_ref_line(refline, sha1);
+		if (refname) {
+			last = create_ref_entry(refname, sha1, flag, 1);
+			add_ref(dir, last);
 			continue;
 		}
 		if (last &&
@@ -240,153 +832,120 @@
 		    strlen(refline) == 42 &&
 		    refline[41] == '\n' &&
 		    !get_sha1_hex(refline + 1, sha1))
-			hashcpy(last->peeled, sha1);
+			hashcpy(last->u.value.peeled, sha1);
 	}
-	sort_ref_array(array);
 }
 
-void add_extra_ref(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1, int flag)
+static struct ref_dir *get_packed_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
 {
-	add_ref(name, sha1, flag, &extra_refs, NULL);
-}
-
-void clear_extra_refs(void)
-{
-	free_ref_array(&extra_refs);
-}
-
-static struct ref_array *get_packed_refs(const char *submodule)
-{
-	struct cached_refs *refs = get_cached_refs(submodule);
-
-	if (!refs->did_packed) {
+	if (!refs->packed) {
 		const char *packed_refs_file;
 		FILE *f;
 
-		if (submodule)
-			packed_refs_file = git_path_submodule(submodule, "packed-refs");
+		refs->packed = create_dir_entry(refs, "", 0, 0);
+		if (*refs->name)
+			packed_refs_file = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "packed-refs");
 		else
 			packed_refs_file = git_path("packed-refs");
 		f = fopen(packed_refs_file, "r");
 		if (f) {
-			read_packed_refs(f, &refs->packed);
+			read_packed_refs(f, get_ref_dir(refs->packed));
 			fclose(f);
 		}
-		refs->did_packed = 1;
 	}
-	return &refs->packed;
+	return get_ref_dir(refs->packed);
 }
 
-static void get_ref_dir(const char *submodule, const char *base,
-			struct ref_array *array)
+void add_packed_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	DIR *dir;
+	add_ref(get_packed_refs(get_ref_cache(NULL)),
+			create_ref_entry(refname, sha1, REF_ISPACKED, 1));
+}
+
+/*
+ * Read the loose references from the namespace dirname into dir
+ * (without recursing).  dirname must end with '/'.  dir must be the
+ * directory entry corresponding to dirname.
+ */
+static void read_loose_refs(const char *dirname, struct ref_dir *dir)
+{
+	struct ref_cache *refs = dir->ref_cache;
+	DIR *d;
 	const char *path;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	int dirnamelen = strlen(dirname);
+	struct strbuf refname;
 
-	if (submodule)
-		path = git_path_submodule(submodule, "%s", base);
+	if (*refs->name)
+		path = git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", dirname);
 	else
-		path = git_path("%s", base);
+		path = git_path("%s", dirname);
 
+	d = opendir(path);
+	if (!d)
+		return;
 
-	dir = opendir(path);
+	strbuf_init(&refname, dirnamelen + 257);
+	strbuf_add(&refname, dirname, dirnamelen);
 
-	if (dir) {
-		struct dirent *de;
-		int baselen = strlen(base);
-		char *ref = xmalloc(baselen + 257);
+	while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
+		unsigned char sha1[20];
+		struct stat st;
+		int flag;
+		const char *refdir;
 
-		memcpy(ref, base, baselen);
-		if (baselen && base[baselen-1] != '/')
-			ref[baselen++] = '/';
-
-		while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-			unsigned char sha1[20];
-			struct stat st;
-			int flag;
-			int namelen;
-			const char *refdir;
-
-			if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
-				continue;
-			namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
-			if (namelen > 255)
-				continue;
-			if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".lock"))
-				continue;
-			memcpy(ref + baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
-			refdir = submodule
-				? git_path_submodule(submodule, "%s", ref)
-				: git_path("%s", ref);
-			if (stat(refdir, &st) < 0)
-				continue;
-			if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-				get_ref_dir(submodule, ref, array);
-				continue;
-			}
-			if (submodule) {
+		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
+			continue;
+		if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".lock"))
+			continue;
+		strbuf_addstr(&refname, de->d_name);
+		refdir = *refs->name
+			? git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", refname.buf)
+			: git_path("%s", refname.buf);
+		if (stat(refdir, &st) < 0) {
+			; /* silently ignore */
+		} else if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
+			strbuf_addch(&refname, '/');
+			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
+					 create_dir_entry(refs, refname.buf,
+							  refname.len, 1));
+		} else {
+			if (*refs->name) {
 				hashclr(sha1);
 				flag = 0;
-				if (resolve_gitlink_ref(submodule, ref, sha1) < 0) {
+				if (resolve_gitlink_ref(refs->name, refname.buf, sha1) < 0) {
 					hashclr(sha1);
-					flag |= REF_BROKEN;
+					flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 				}
-			} else
-				if (!resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, &flag)) {
-					hashclr(sha1);
-					flag |= REF_BROKEN;
-				}
-			add_ref(ref, sha1, flag, array, NULL);
+			} else if (read_ref_full(refname.buf, sha1, 1, &flag)) {
+				hashclr(sha1);
+				flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
+			}
+			add_entry_to_dir(dir,
+					 create_ref_entry(refname.buf, sha1, flag, 1));
 		}
-		free(ref);
-		closedir(dir);
+		strbuf_setlen(&refname, dirnamelen);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&refname);
+	closedir(d);
 }
 
-struct warn_if_dangling_data {
-	FILE *fp;
-	const char *refname;
-	const char *msg_fmt;
-};
-
-static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
-				   int flags, void *cb_data)
+static struct ref_dir *get_loose_refs(struct ref_cache *refs)
 {
-	struct warn_if_dangling_data *d = cb_data;
-	const char *resolves_to;
-	unsigned char junk[20];
-
-	if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
-		return 0;
-
-	resolves_to = resolve_ref(refname, junk, 0, NULL);
-	if (!resolves_to || strcmp(resolves_to, d->refname))
-		return 0;
-
-	fprintf(d->fp, d->msg_fmt, refname);
-	return 0;
-}
-
-void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname)
-{
-	struct warn_if_dangling_data data;
-
-	data.fp = fp;
-	data.refname = refname;
-	data.msg_fmt = msg_fmt;
-	for_each_rawref(warn_if_dangling_symref, &data);
-}
-
-static struct ref_array *get_loose_refs(const char *submodule)
-{
-	struct cached_refs *refs = get_cached_refs(submodule);
-
-	if (!refs->did_loose) {
-		get_ref_dir(submodule, "refs", &refs->loose);
-		sort_ref_array(&refs->loose);
-		refs->did_loose = 1;
+	if (!refs->loose) {
+		/*
+		 * Mark the top-level directory complete because we
+		 * are about to read the only subdirectory that can
+		 * hold references:
+		 */
+		refs->loose = create_dir_entry(refs, "", 0, 0);
+		/*
+		 * Create an incomplete entry for "refs/":
+		 */
+		add_entry_to_dir(get_ref_dir(refs->loose),
+				 create_dir_entry(refs, "refs/", 5, 1));
 	}
-	return &refs->loose;
+	return get_ref_dir(refs->loose);
 }
 
 /* We allow "recursive" symbolic refs. Only within reason, though */
@@ -395,39 +954,39 @@
 
 /*
  * Called by resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive() after it failed to read
- * from "name", which is "module/.git/<refname>". Find <refname> in
- * the packed-refs file for the submodule.
+ * from the loose refs in ref_cache refs. Find <refname> in the
+ * packed-refs file for the submodule.
  */
-static int resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(char *name, int pathlen, const char *refname, unsigned char *result)
+static int resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(struct ref_cache *refs,
+				      const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int retval = -1;
 	struct ref_entry *ref;
-	struct ref_array *array;
+	struct ref_dir *dir = get_packed_refs(refs);
 
-	/* being defensive: resolve_gitlink_ref() did this for us */
-	if (pathlen < 6 || memcmp(name + pathlen - 6, "/.git/", 6))
-		die("Oops");
-	name[pathlen - 6] = '\0'; /* make it path to the submodule */
-	array = get_packed_refs(name);
-	ref = search_ref_array(array, refname);
-	if (ref != NULL) {
-		memcpy(result, ref->sha1, 20);
-		retval = 0;
-	}
-	return retval;
+	ref = find_ref(dir, refname);
+	if (ref == NULL)
+		return -1;
+
+	memcpy(sha1, ref->u.value.sha1, 20);
+	return 0;
 }
 
-static int resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(char *name, int pathlen, const char *refname, unsigned char *result, int recursion)
+static int resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(struct ref_cache *refs,
+					 const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1,
+					 int recursion)
 {
-	int fd, len = strlen(refname);
+	int fd, len;
 	char buffer[128], *p;
+	char *path;
 
-	if (recursion > MAXDEPTH || len > MAXREFLEN)
+	if (recursion > MAXDEPTH || strlen(refname) > MAXREFLEN)
 		return -1;
-	memcpy(name + pathlen, refname, len+1);
-	fd = open(name, O_RDONLY);
+	path = *refs->name
+		? git_path_submodule(refs->name, "%s", refname)
+		: git_path("%s", refname);
+	fd = open(path, O_RDONLY);
 	if (fd < 0)
-		return resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(name, pathlen, refname, result);
+		return resolve_gitlink_packed_ref(refs, refname, sha1);
 
 	len = read(fd, buffer, sizeof(buffer)-1);
 	close(fd);
@@ -438,7 +997,7 @@
 	buffer[len] = 0;
 
 	/* Was it a detached head or an old-fashioned symlink? */
-	if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, result))
+	if (!get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1))
 		return 0;
 
 	/* Symref? */
@@ -448,35 +1007,24 @@
 	while (isspace(*p))
 		p++;
 
-	return resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(name, pathlen, p, result, recursion+1);
+	return resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(refs, p, sha1, recursion+1);
 }
 
-int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *result)
+int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int len = strlen(path), retval;
-	char *gitdir;
-	const char *tmp;
+	char *submodule;
+	struct ref_cache *refs;
 
 	while (len && path[len-1] == '/')
 		len--;
 	if (!len)
 		return -1;
-	gitdir = xmalloc(len + MAXREFLEN + 8);
-	memcpy(gitdir, path, len);
-	memcpy(gitdir + len, "/.git", 6);
-	len += 5;
+	submodule = xstrndup(path, len);
+	refs = get_ref_cache(submodule);
+	free(submodule);
 
-	tmp = read_gitfile(gitdir);
-	if (tmp) {
-		free(gitdir);
-		len = strlen(tmp);
-		gitdir = xmalloc(len + MAXREFLEN + 3);
-		memcpy(gitdir, tmp, len);
-	}
-	gitdir[len] = '/';
-	gitdir[++len] = '\0';
-	retval = resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(gitdir, len, refname, result, 0);
-	free(gitdir);
+	retval = resolve_gitlink_ref_recursive(refs, refname, sha1, 0);
 	return retval;
 }
 
@@ -484,32 +1032,32 @@
  * Try to read ref from the packed references.  On success, set sha1
  * and return 0; otherwise, return -1.
  */
-static int get_packed_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int get_packed_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	struct ref_array *packed = get_packed_refs(NULL);
-	struct ref_entry *entry = search_ref_array(packed, ref);
+	struct ref_dir *packed = get_packed_refs(get_ref_cache(NULL));
+	struct ref_entry *entry = find_ref(packed, refname);
 	if (entry) {
-		hashcpy(sha1, entry->sha1);
+		hashcpy(sha1, entry->u.value.sha1);
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
 
-const char *resolve_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag)
+const char *resolve_ref_unsafe(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag)
 {
 	int depth = MAXDEPTH;
 	ssize_t len;
 	char buffer[256];
-	static char ref_buffer[256];
-	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	static char refname_buffer[256];
 
 	if (flag)
 		*flag = 0;
 
-	if (check_refname_format(ref, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
+	if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
 		return NULL;
 
 	for (;;) {
+		char path[PATH_MAX];
 		struct stat st;
 		char *buf;
 		int fd;
@@ -517,7 +1065,7 @@
 		if (--depth < 0)
 			return NULL;
 
-		git_snpath(path, sizeof(path), "%s", ref);
+		git_snpath(path, sizeof(path), "%s", refname);
 
 		if (lstat(path, &st) < 0) {
 			if (errno != ENOENT)
@@ -526,17 +1074,17 @@
 			 * The loose reference file does not exist;
 			 * check for a packed reference.
 			 */
-			if (!get_packed_ref(ref, sha1)) {
+			if (!get_packed_ref(refname, sha1)) {
 				if (flag)
 					*flag |= REF_ISPACKED;
-				return ref;
+				return refname;
 			}
 			/* The reference is not a packed reference, either. */
 			if (reading) {
 				return NULL;
 			} else {
 				hashclr(sha1);
-				return ref;
+				return refname;
 			}
 		}
 
@@ -548,8 +1096,8 @@
 			buffer[len] = 0;
 			if (!prefixcmp(buffer, "refs/") &&
 					!check_refname_format(buffer, 0)) {
-				strcpy(ref_buffer, buffer);
-				ref = ref_buffer;
+				strcpy(refname_buffer, buffer);
+				refname = refname_buffer;
 				if (flag)
 					*flag |= REF_ISSYMREF;
 				continue;
@@ -582,24 +1130,31 @@
 		 */
 		if (prefixcmp(buffer, "ref:"))
 			break;
+		if (flag)
+			*flag |= REF_ISSYMREF;
 		buf = buffer + 4;
 		while (isspace(*buf))
 			buf++;
 		if (check_refname_format(buf, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
-			warning("symbolic reference in %s is formatted incorrectly",
-				path);
+			if (flag)
+				*flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 			return NULL;
 		}
-		ref = strcpy(ref_buffer, buf);
-		if (flag)
-			*flag |= REF_ISSYMREF;
+		refname = strcpy(refname_buffer, buf);
 	}
 	/* Please note that FETCH_HEAD has a second line containing other data. */
 	if (get_sha1_hex(buffer, sha1) || (buffer[40] != '\0' && !isspace(buffer[40]))) {
-		warning("reference in %s is formatted incorrectly", path);
+		if (flag)
+			*flag |= REF_ISBROKEN;
 		return NULL;
 	}
-	return ref;
+	return refname;
+}
+
+char *resolve_refdup(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flag)
+{
+	const char *ret = resolve_ref_unsafe(ref, sha1, reading, flag);
+	return ret ? xstrdup(ret) : NULL;
 }
 
 /* The argument to filter_refs */
@@ -609,74 +1164,75 @@
 	void *cb_data;
 };
 
-int read_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
+int read_ref_full(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1, int reading, int *flags)
 {
-	if (resolve_ref(ref, sha1, 1, NULL))
+	if (resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, sha1, reading, flags))
 		return 0;
 	return -1;
 }
 
-#define DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN 01
-static int do_one_ref(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, int trim,
-		      int flags, void *cb_data, struct ref_entry *entry)
+int read_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	if (prefixcmp(entry->name, base))
-		return 0;
-
-	if (!(flags & DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN)) {
-		if (entry->flag & REF_BROKEN)
-			return 0; /* ignore dangling symref */
-		if (!has_sha1_file(entry->sha1)) {
-			error("%s does not point to a valid object!", entry->name);
-			return 0;
-		}
-	}
-	current_ref = entry;
-	return fn(entry->name + trim, entry->sha1, entry->flag, cb_data);
+	return read_ref_full(refname, sha1, 1, NULL);
 }
 
-static int filter_refs(const char *ref, const unsigned char *sha, int flags,
-	void *data)
+int ref_exists(const char *refname)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	return !!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, sha1, 1, NULL);
+}
+
+static int filter_refs(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags,
+		       void *data)
 {
 	struct ref_filter *filter = (struct ref_filter *)data;
-	if (fnmatch(filter->pattern, ref, 0))
+	if (fnmatch(filter->pattern, refname, 0))
 		return 0;
-	return filter->fn(ref, sha, flags, filter->cb_data);
+	return filter->fn(refname, sha1, flags, filter->cb_data);
 }
 
-int peel_ref(const char *ref, unsigned char *sha1)
+int peel_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int flag;
 	unsigned char base[20];
 	struct object *o;
 
-	if (current_ref && (current_ref->name == ref
-		|| !strcmp(current_ref->name, ref))) {
+	if (current_ref && (current_ref->name == refname
+		|| !strcmp(current_ref->name, refname))) {
 		if (current_ref->flag & REF_KNOWS_PEELED) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, current_ref->peeled);
+			if (is_null_sha1(current_ref->u.value.peeled))
+			    return -1;
+			hashcpy(sha1, current_ref->u.value.peeled);
 			return 0;
 		}
-		hashcpy(base, current_ref->sha1);
+		hashcpy(base, current_ref->u.value.sha1);
 		goto fallback;
 	}
 
-	if (!resolve_ref(ref, base, 1, &flag))
+	if (read_ref_full(refname, base, 1, &flag))
 		return -1;
 
 	if ((flag & REF_ISPACKED)) {
-		struct ref_array *array = get_packed_refs(NULL);
-		struct ref_entry *r = search_ref_array(array, ref);
+		struct ref_dir *dir = get_packed_refs(get_ref_cache(NULL));
+		struct ref_entry *r = find_ref(dir, refname);
 
 		if (r != NULL && r->flag & REF_KNOWS_PEELED) {
-			hashcpy(sha1, r->peeled);
+			hashcpy(sha1, r->u.value.peeled);
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
 
 fallback:
-	o = parse_object(base);
-	if (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, ref, 0);
+	o = lookup_unknown_object(base);
+	if (o->type == OBJ_NONE) {
+		int type = sha1_object_info(base, NULL);
+		if (type < 0)
+			return -1;
+		o->type = type;
+	}
+
+	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		o = deref_tag_noverify(o);
 		if (o) {
 			hashcpy(sha1, o->sha1);
 			return 0;
@@ -685,52 +1241,75 @@
 	return -1;
 }
 
+struct warn_if_dangling_data {
+	FILE *fp;
+	const char *refname;
+	const char *msg_fmt;
+};
+
+static int warn_if_dangling_symref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+				   int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data *d = cb_data;
+	const char *resolves_to;
+	unsigned char junk[20];
+
+	if (!(flags & REF_ISSYMREF))
+		return 0;
+
+	resolves_to = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, junk, 0, NULL);
+	if (!resolves_to || strcmp(resolves_to, d->refname))
+		return 0;
+
+	fprintf(d->fp, d->msg_fmt, refname);
+	fputc('\n', d->fp);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname)
+{
+	struct warn_if_dangling_data data;
+
+	data.fp = fp;
+	data.refname = refname;
+	data.msg_fmt = msg_fmt;
+	for_each_rawref(warn_if_dangling_symref, &data);
+}
+
 static int do_for_each_ref(const char *submodule, const char *base, each_ref_fn fn,
 			   int trim, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
-	int retval = 0, i, p = 0, l = 0;
-	struct ref_array *packed = get_packed_refs(submodule);
-	struct ref_array *loose = get_loose_refs(submodule);
+	struct ref_cache *refs = get_ref_cache(submodule);
+	struct ref_dir *packed_dir = get_packed_refs(refs);
+	struct ref_dir *loose_dir = get_loose_refs(refs);
+	int retval = 0;
 
-	struct ref_array *extra = &extra_refs;
-
-	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, extra->refs[i]);
-
-	while (p < packed->nr && l < loose->nr) {
-		struct ref_entry *entry;
-		int cmp = strcmp(packed->refs[p]->name, loose->refs[l]->name);
-		if (!cmp) {
-			p++;
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (cmp > 0) {
-			entry = loose->refs[l++];
-		} else {
-			entry = packed->refs[p++];
-		}
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, entry);
-		if (retval)
-			goto end_each;
+	if (base && *base) {
+		packed_dir = find_containing_dir(packed_dir, base, 0);
+		loose_dir = find_containing_dir(loose_dir, base, 0);
 	}
 
-	if (l < loose->nr) {
-		p = l;
-		packed = loose;
+	if (packed_dir && loose_dir) {
+		sort_ref_dir(packed_dir);
+		sort_ref_dir(loose_dir);
+		retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dirs(
+				packed_dir, loose_dir,
+				base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+	} else if (packed_dir) {
+		sort_ref_dir(packed_dir);
+		retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dir(
+				packed_dir, 0,
+				base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
+	} else if (loose_dir) {
+		sort_ref_dir(loose_dir);
+		retval = do_for_each_ref_in_dir(
+				loose_dir, 0,
+				base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data);
 	}
 
-	for (; p < packed->nr; p++) {
-		retval = do_one_ref(base, fn, trim, flags, cb_data, packed->refs[p]);
-		if (retval)
-			goto end_each;
-	}
-
-end_each:
-	current_ref = NULL;
 	return retval;
 }
 
-
 static int do_head_ref(const char *submodule, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
@@ -743,7 +1322,7 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	if (resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 1, &flag))
+	if (!read_ref_full("HEAD", sha1, 1, &flag))
 		return fn("HEAD", sha1, flag, cb_data);
 
 	return 0;
@@ -823,7 +1402,7 @@
 	int flag;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%sHEAD", get_git_namespace());
-	if (resolve_ref(buf.buf, sha1, 1, &flag))
+	if (!read_ref_full(buf.buf, sha1, 1, &flag))
 		ret = fn(buf.buf, sha1, flag, cb_data);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 
@@ -881,101 +1460,6 @@
 			       DO_FOR_EACH_INCLUDE_BROKEN, cb_data);
 }
 
-/*
- * Make sure "ref" is something reasonable to have under ".git/refs/";
- * We do not like it if:
- *
- * - any path component of it begins with ".", or
- * - it has double dots "..", or
- * - it has ASCII control character, "~", "^", ":" or SP, anywhere, or
- * - it ends with a "/".
- * - it ends with ".lock"
- * - it contains a "\" (backslash)
- */
-
-/* Return true iff ch is not allowed in reference names. */
-static inline int bad_ref_char(int ch)
-{
-	if (((unsigned) ch) <= ' ' || ch == 0x7f ||
-	    ch == '~' || ch == '^' || ch == ':' || ch == '\\')
-		return 1;
-	/* 2.13 Pattern Matching Notation */
-	if (ch == '*' || ch == '?' || ch == '[') /* Unsupported */
-		return 1;
-	return 0;
-}
-
-/*
- * Try to read one refname component from the front of ref.  Return
- * the length of the component found, or -1 if the component is not
- * legal.
- */
-static int check_refname_component(const char *ref, int flags)
-{
-	const char *cp;
-	char last = '\0';
-
-	for (cp = ref; ; cp++) {
-		char ch = *cp;
-		if (ch == '\0' || ch == '/')
-			break;
-		if (bad_ref_char(ch))
-			return -1; /* Illegal character in refname. */
-		if (last == '.' && ch == '.')
-			return -1; /* Refname contains "..". */
-		if (last == '@' && ch == '{')
-			return -1; /* Refname contains "@{". */
-		last = ch;
-	}
-	if (cp == ref)
-		return -1; /* Component has zero length. */
-	if (ref[0] == '.') {
-		if (!(flags & REFNAME_DOT_COMPONENT))
-			return -1; /* Component starts with '.'. */
-		/*
-		 * Even if leading dots are allowed, don't allow "."
-		 * as a component (".." is prevented by a rule above).
-		 */
-		if (ref[1] == '\0')
-			return -1; /* Component equals ".". */
-	}
-	if (cp - ref >= 5 && !memcmp(cp - 5, ".lock", 5))
-		return -1; /* Refname ends with ".lock". */
-	return cp - ref;
-}
-
-int check_refname_format(const char *ref, int flags)
-{
-	int component_len, component_count = 0;
-
-	while (1) {
-		/* We are at the start of a path component. */
-		component_len = check_refname_component(ref, flags);
-		if (component_len < 0) {
-			if ((flags & REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN) &&
-					ref[0] == '*' &&
-					(ref[1] == '\0' || ref[1] == '/')) {
-				/* Accept one wildcard as a full refname component. */
-				flags &= ~REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN;
-				component_len = 1;
-			} else {
-				return -1;
-			}
-		}
-		component_count++;
-		if (ref[component_len] == '\0')
-			break;
-		/* Skip to next component. */
-		ref += component_len + 1;
-	}
-
-	if (ref[component_len - 1] == '.')
-		return -1; /* Refname ends with '.'. */
-	if (!(flags & REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL) && component_count < 2)
-		return -1; /* Refname has only one component. */
-	return 0;
-}
-
 const char *prettify_refname(const char *name)
 {
 	return name + (
@@ -995,13 +1479,6 @@
 	NULL
 };
 
-const char *ref_fetch_rules[] = {
-	"%.*s",
-	"refs/%.*s",
-	"refs/heads/%.*s",
-	NULL
-};
-
 int refname_match(const char *abbrev_name, const char *full_name, const char **rules)
 {
 	const char **p;
@@ -1019,7 +1496,7 @@
 static struct ref_lock *verify_lock(struct ref_lock *lock,
 	const unsigned char *old_sha1, int mustexist)
 {
-	if (!resolve_ref(lock->ref_name, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, NULL)) {
+	if (read_ref_full(lock->ref_name, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, NULL)) {
 		error("Can't verify ref %s", lock->ref_name);
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return NULL;
@@ -1052,33 +1529,100 @@
 	return result;
 }
 
-static int is_refname_available(const char *ref, const char *oldref,
-				struct ref_array *array, int quiet)
+/*
+ * *string and *len will only be substituted, and *string returned (for
+ * later free()ing) if the string passed in is a magic short-hand form
+ * to name a branch.
+ */
+static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
 {
-	int i, namlen = strlen(ref); /* e.g. 'foo/bar' */
-	for (i = 0; i < array->nr; i++ ) {
-		struct ref_entry *entry = array->refs[i];
-		/* entry->name could be 'foo' or 'foo/bar/baz' */
-		if (!oldref || strcmp(oldref, entry->name)) {
-			int len = strlen(entry->name);
-			int cmplen = (namlen < len) ? namlen : len;
-			const char *lead = (namlen < len) ? entry->name : ref;
-			if (!strncmp(ref, entry->name, cmplen) &&
-			    lead[cmplen] == '/') {
-				if (!quiet)
-					error("'%s' exists; cannot create '%s'",
-					      entry->name, ref);
-				return 0;
-			}
-		}
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, &buf);
+
+	if (ret == *len) {
+		size_t size;
+		*string = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
+		*len = size;
+		return (char *)*string;
 	}
-	return 1;
+
+	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags, int *type_p)
+int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
+{
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
+	const char **p, *r;
+	int refs_found = 0;
+
+	*ref = NULL;
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
+		char fullref[PATH_MAX];
+		unsigned char sha1_from_ref[20];
+		unsigned char *this_result;
+		int flag;
+
+		this_result = refs_found ? sha1_from_ref : sha1;
+		mksnpath(fullref, sizeof(fullref), *p, len, str);
+		r = resolve_ref_unsafe(fullref, this_result, 1, &flag);
+		if (r) {
+			if (!refs_found++)
+				*ref = xstrdup(r);
+			if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
+				break;
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && strcmp(fullref, "HEAD")) {
+			warning("ignoring dangling symref %s.", fullref);
+		} else if ((flag & REF_ISBROKEN) && strchr(fullref, '/')) {
+			warning("ignoring broken ref %s.", fullref);
+		}
+	}
+	free(last_branch);
+	return refs_found;
+}
+
+int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
+{
+	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
+	const char **p;
+	int logs_found = 0;
+
+	*log = NULL;
+	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
+		struct stat st;
+		unsigned char hash[20];
+		char path[PATH_MAX];
+		const char *ref, *it;
+
+		mksnpath(path, sizeof(path), *p, len, str);
+		ref = resolve_ref_unsafe(path, hash, 1, NULL);
+		if (!ref)
+			continue;
+		if (!stat(git_path("logs/%s", path), &st) &&
+		    S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			it = path;
+		else if (strcmp(ref, path) &&
+			 !stat(git_path("logs/%s", ref), &st) &&
+			 S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
+			it = ref;
+		else
+			continue;
+		if (!logs_found++) {
+			*log = xstrdup(it);
+			hashcpy(sha1, hash);
+		}
+		if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
+			break;
+	}
+	free(last_branch);
+	return logs_found;
+}
+
+static struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1_basic(const char *refname,
+					    const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+					    int flags, int *type_p)
 {
 	char *ref_file;
-	const char *orig_ref = ref;
+	const char *orig_refname = refname;
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	int last_errno = 0;
 	int type, lflags;
@@ -1088,27 +1632,27 @@
 	lock = xcalloc(1, sizeof(struct ref_lock));
 	lock->lock_fd = -1;
 
-	ref = resolve_ref(ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
-	if (!ref && errno == EISDIR) {
+	refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
+	if (!refname && errno == EISDIR) {
 		/* we are trying to lock foo but we used to
 		 * have foo/bar which now does not exist;
 		 * it is normal for the empty directory 'foo'
 		 * to remain.
 		 */
-		ref_file = git_path("%s", orig_ref);
+		ref_file = git_path("%s", orig_refname);
 		if (remove_empty_directories(ref_file)) {
 			last_errno = errno;
-			error("there are still refs under '%s'", orig_ref);
+			error("there are still refs under '%s'", orig_refname);
 			goto error_return;
 		}
-		ref = resolve_ref(orig_ref, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
+		refname = resolve_ref_unsafe(orig_refname, lock->old_sha1, mustexist, &type);
 	}
 	if (type_p)
 	    *type_p = type;
-	if (!ref) {
+	if (!refname) {
 		last_errno = errno;
 		error("unable to resolve reference %s: %s",
-			orig_ref, strerror(errno));
+			orig_refname, strerror(errno));
 		goto error_return;
 	}
 	missing = is_null_sha1(lock->old_sha1);
@@ -1118,7 +1662,7 @@
 	 * name is a proper prefix of our refname.
 	 */
 	if (missing &&
-	     !is_refname_available(ref, NULL, get_packed_refs(NULL), 0)) {
+	     !is_refname_available(refname, NULL, get_packed_refs(get_ref_cache(NULL)))) {
 		last_errno = ENOTDIR;
 		goto error_return;
 	}
@@ -1127,12 +1671,12 @@
 
 	lflags = LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR;
 	if (flags & REF_NODEREF) {
-		ref = orig_ref;
+		refname = orig_refname;
 		lflags |= LOCK_NODEREF;
 	}
-	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(ref);
-	lock->orig_ref_name = xstrdup(orig_ref);
-	ref_file = git_path("%s", ref);
+	lock->ref_name = xstrdup(refname);
+	lock->orig_ref_name = xstrdup(orig_refname);
+	ref_file = git_path("%s", refname);
 	if (missing)
 		lock->force_write = 1;
 	if ((flags & REF_NODEREF) && (type & REF_ISSYMREF))
@@ -1153,55 +1697,64 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
+struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *refname, const unsigned char *old_sha1)
 {
 	char refpath[PATH_MAX];
-	if (check_refname_format(ref, 0))
+	if (check_refname_format(refname, 0))
 		return NULL;
-	strcpy(refpath, mkpath("refs/%s", ref));
+	strcpy(refpath, mkpath("refs/%s", refname));
 	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(refpath, old_sha1, 0, NULL);
 }
 
-struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags)
+struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *refname,
+					 const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags)
 {
-	if (check_refname_format(ref, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
+	if (check_refname_format(refname, REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL))
 		return NULL;
-	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(ref, old_sha1, flags, NULL);
+	return lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, old_sha1, flags, NULL);
+}
+
+struct repack_without_ref_sb {
+	const char *refname;
+	int fd;
+};
+
+static int repack_without_ref_fn(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1,
+				 int flags, void *cb_data)
+{
+	struct repack_without_ref_sb *data = cb_data;
+	char line[PATH_MAX + 100];
+	int len;
+
+	if (!strcmp(data->refname, refname))
+		return 0;
+	len = snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s %s\n",
+		       sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname);
+	/* this should not happen but just being defensive */
+	if (len > sizeof(line))
+		die("too long a refname '%s'", refname);
+	write_or_die(data->fd, line, len);
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static struct lock_file packlock;
 
 static int repack_without_ref(const char *refname)
 {
-	struct ref_array *packed;
-	struct ref_entry *ref;
-	int fd, i;
-
-	packed = get_packed_refs(NULL);
-	ref = search_ref_array(packed, refname);
-	if (ref == NULL)
+	struct repack_without_ref_sb data;
+	struct ref_cache *refs = get_ref_cache(NULL);
+	struct ref_dir *packed = get_packed_refs(refs);
+	if (find_ref(packed, refname) == NULL)
 		return 0;
-	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&packlock, git_path("packed-refs"), 0);
-	if (fd < 0) {
+	data.refname = refname;
+	data.fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&packlock, git_path("packed-refs"), 0);
+	if (data.fd < 0) {
 		unable_to_lock_error(git_path("packed-refs"), errno);
 		return error("cannot delete '%s' from packed refs", refname);
 	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < packed->nr; i++) {
-		char line[PATH_MAX + 100];
-		int len;
-
-		ref = packed->refs[i];
-
-		if (!strcmp(refname, ref->name))
-			continue;
-		len = snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%s %s\n",
-			       sha1_to_hex(ref->sha1), ref->name);
-		/* this should not happen but just being defensive */
-		if (len > sizeof(line))
-			die("too long a refname '%s'", ref->name);
-		write_or_die(fd, line, len);
-	}
+	clear_packed_ref_cache(refs);
+	packed = get_packed_refs(refs);
+	do_for_each_ref_in_dir(packed, 0, "", repack_without_ref_fn, 0, 0, &data);
 	return commit_lock_file(&packlock);
 }
 
@@ -1210,35 +1763,27 @@
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	int err, i = 0, ret = 0, flag = 0;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, 0, &flag);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(refname, sha1, delopt, &flag);
 	if (!lock)
 		return 1;
 	if (!(flag & REF_ISPACKED) || flag & REF_ISSYMREF) {
 		/* loose */
-		const char *path;
-
-		if (!(delopt & REF_NODEREF)) {
-			i = strlen(lock->lk->filename) - 5; /* .lock */
-			lock->lk->filename[i] = 0;
-			path = lock->lk->filename;
-		} else {
-			path = git_path("%s", refname);
-		}
-		err = unlink_or_warn(path);
+		i = strlen(lock->lk->filename) - 5; /* .lock */
+		lock->lk->filename[i] = 0;
+		err = unlink_or_warn(lock->lk->filename);
 		if (err && errno != ENOENT)
 			ret = 1;
 
-		if (!(delopt & REF_NODEREF))
-			lock->lk->filename[i] = '.';
+		lock->lk->filename[i] = '.';
 	}
 	/* removing the loose one could have resurrected an earlier
 	 * packed one.  Also, if it was not loose we need to repack
 	 * without it.
 	 */
-	ret |= repack_without_ref(refname);
+	ret |= repack_without_ref(lock->ref_name);
 
 	unlink_or_warn(git_path("logs/%s", lock->ref_name));
-	invalidate_cached_refs();
+	invalidate_ref_cache(NULL);
 	unlock_ref(lock);
 	return ret;
 }
@@ -1252,104 +1797,98 @@
  */
 #define TMP_RENAMED_LOG  "logs/refs/.tmp-renamed-log"
 
-int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg)
+int rename_ref(const char *oldrefname, const char *newrefname, const char *logmsg)
 {
-	static const char renamed_ref[] = "RENAMED-REF";
 	unsigned char sha1[20], orig_sha1[20];
 	int flag = 0, logmoved = 0;
 	struct ref_lock *lock;
 	struct stat loginfo;
-	int log = !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", oldref), &loginfo);
+	int log = !lstat(git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname), &loginfo);
 	const char *symref = NULL;
+	struct ref_cache *refs = get_ref_cache(NULL);
 
 	if (log && S_ISLNK(loginfo.st_mode))
-		return error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldref);
+		return error("reflog for %s is a symlink", oldrefname);
 
-	symref = resolve_ref(oldref, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
+	symref = resolve_ref_unsafe(oldrefname, orig_sha1, 1, &flag);
 	if (flag & REF_ISSYMREF)
 		return error("refname %s is a symbolic ref, renaming it is not supported",
-			oldref);
+			oldrefname);
 	if (!symref)
-		return error("refname %s not found", oldref);
+		return error("refname %s not found", oldrefname);
 
-	if (!is_refname_available(newref, oldref, get_packed_refs(NULL), 0))
+	if (!is_refname_available(newrefname, oldrefname, get_packed_refs(refs)))
 		return 1;
 
-	if (!is_refname_available(newref, oldref, get_loose_refs(NULL), 0))
+	if (!is_refname_available(newrefname, oldrefname, get_loose_refs(refs)))
 		return 1;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(renamed_ref, NULL, 0, NULL);
-	if (!lock)
-		return error("unable to lock %s", renamed_ref);
-	lock->force_write = 1;
-	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg))
-		return error("unable to save current sha1 in %s", renamed_ref);
-
-	if (log && rename(git_path("logs/%s", oldref), git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG)))
+	if (log && rename(git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname), git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG)))
 		return error("unable to move logfile logs/%s to "TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
-			oldref, strerror(errno));
+			oldrefname, strerror(errno));
 
-	if (delete_ref(oldref, orig_sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
-		error("unable to delete old %s", oldref);
+	if (delete_ref(oldrefname, orig_sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
+		error("unable to delete old %s", oldrefname);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
 
-	if (resolve_ref(newref, sha1, 1, &flag) && delete_ref(newref, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
+	if (!read_ref_full(newrefname, sha1, 1, &flag) &&
+	    delete_ref(newrefname, sha1, REF_NODEREF)) {
 		if (errno==EISDIR) {
-			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("%s", newref))) {
-				error("Directory not empty: %s", newref);
+			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("%s", newrefname))) {
+				error("Directory not empty: %s", newrefname);
 				goto rollback;
 			}
 		} else {
-			error("unable to delete existing %s", newref);
+			error("unable to delete existing %s", newrefname);
 			goto rollback;
 		}
 	}
 
-	if (log && safe_create_leading_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newref))) {
-		error("unable to create directory for %s", newref);
+	if (log && safe_create_leading_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
+		error("unable to create directory for %s", newrefname);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
 
  retry:
-	if (log && rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", newref))) {
+	if (log && rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
 		if (errno==EISDIR || errno==ENOTDIR) {
 			/*
 			 * rename(a, b) when b is an existing
 			 * directory ought to result in ISDIR, but
 			 * Solaris 5.8 gives ENOTDIR.  Sheesh.
 			 */
-			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newref))) {
-				error("Directory not empty: logs/%s", newref);
+			if (remove_empty_directories(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname))) {
+				error("Directory not empty: logs/%s", newrefname);
 				goto rollback;
 			}
 			goto retry;
 		} else {
 			error("unable to move logfile "TMP_RENAMED_LOG" to logs/%s: %s",
-				newref, strerror(errno));
+				newrefname, strerror(errno));
 			goto rollback;
 		}
 	}
 	logmoved = log;
 
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newref, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(newrefname, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	if (!lock) {
-		error("unable to lock %s for update", newref);
+		error("unable to lock %s for update", newrefname);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
 	lock->force_write = 1;
 	hashcpy(lock->old_sha1, orig_sha1);
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, logmsg)) {
-		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", newref);
+		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", newrefname);
 		goto rollback;
 	}
 
 	return 0;
 
  rollback:
-	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldref, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	lock = lock_ref_sha1_basic(oldrefname, NULL, 0, NULL);
 	if (!lock) {
-		error("unable to lock %s for rollback", oldref);
+		error("unable to lock %s for rollback", oldrefname);
 		goto rollbacklog;
 	}
 
@@ -1357,17 +1896,17 @@
 	flag = log_all_ref_updates;
 	log_all_ref_updates = 0;
 	if (write_ref_sha1(lock, orig_sha1, NULL))
-		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", oldref);
+		error("unable to write current sha1 into %s", oldrefname);
 	log_all_ref_updates = flag;
 
  rollbacklog:
-	if (logmoved && rename(git_path("logs/%s", newref), git_path("logs/%s", oldref)))
+	if (logmoved && rename(git_path("logs/%s", newrefname), git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname)))
 		error("unable to restore logfile %s from %s: %s",
-			oldref, newref, strerror(errno));
+			oldrefname, newrefname, strerror(errno));
 	if (!logmoved && log &&
-	    rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", oldref)))
+	    rename(git_path(TMP_RENAMED_LOG), git_path("logs/%s", oldrefname)))
 		error("unable to restore logfile %s from "TMP_RENAMED_LOG": %s",
-			oldref, strerror(errno));
+			oldrefname, strerror(errno));
 
 	return 1;
 }
@@ -1424,16 +1963,16 @@
 	return cp - buf;
 }
 
-int log_ref_setup(const char *ref_name, char *logfile, int bufsize)
+int log_ref_setup(const char *refname, char *logfile, int bufsize)
 {
 	int logfd, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
 
-	git_snpath(logfile, bufsize, "logs/%s", ref_name);
+	git_snpath(logfile, bufsize, "logs/%s", refname);
 	if (log_all_ref_updates &&
-	    (!prefixcmp(ref_name, "refs/heads/") ||
-	     !prefixcmp(ref_name, "refs/remotes/") ||
-	     !prefixcmp(ref_name, "refs/notes/") ||
-	     !strcmp(ref_name, "HEAD"))) {
+	    (!prefixcmp(refname, "refs/heads/") ||
+	     !prefixcmp(refname, "refs/remotes/") ||
+	     !prefixcmp(refname, "refs/notes/") ||
+	     !strcmp(refname, "HEAD"))) {
 		if (safe_create_leading_directories(logfile) < 0)
 			return error("unable to create directory for %s",
 				     logfile);
@@ -1463,7 +2002,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int log_ref_write(const char *ref_name, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+static int log_ref_write(const char *refname, const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 			 const unsigned char *new_sha1, const char *msg)
 {
 	int logfd, result, written, oflags = O_APPEND | O_WRONLY;
@@ -1476,7 +2015,7 @@
 	if (log_all_ref_updates < 0)
 		log_all_ref_updates = !is_bare_repository();
 
-	result = log_ref_setup(ref_name, log_file, sizeof(log_file));
+	result = log_ref_setup(refname, log_file, sizeof(log_file));
 	if (result)
 		return result;
 
@@ -1537,7 +2076,7 @@
 		unlock_ref(lock);
 		return -1;
 	}
-	invalidate_cached_refs();
+	clear_loose_ref_cache(get_ref_cache(NULL));
 	if (log_ref_write(lock->ref_name, lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg) < 0 ||
 	    (strcmp(lock->ref_name, lock->orig_ref_name) &&
 	     log_ref_write(lock->orig_ref_name, lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg) < 0)) {
@@ -1560,7 +2099,7 @@
 		unsigned char head_sha1[20];
 		int head_flag;
 		const char *head_ref;
-		head_ref = resolve_ref("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, &head_flag);
+		head_ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, &head_flag);
 		if (head_ref && (head_flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 		    !strcmp(head_ref, lock->ref_name))
 			log_ref_write("HEAD", lock->old_sha1, sha1, logmsg);
@@ -1647,7 +2186,9 @@
 	return xmemdupz(line, ep - line);
 }
 
-int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *sha1, char **msg, unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt)
+int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
+		unsigned char *sha1, char **msg,
+		unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt)
 {
 	const char *logfile, *logdata, *logend, *rec, *lastgt, *lastrec;
 	char *tz_c;
@@ -1658,7 +2199,7 @@
 	void *log_mapped;
 	size_t mapsz;
 
-	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", ref);
+	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", refname);
 	logfd = open(logfile, O_RDONLY, 0);
 	if (logfd < 0)
 		die_errno("Unable to read log '%s'", logfile);
@@ -1751,14 +2292,14 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long ofs, void *cb_data)
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long ofs, void *cb_data)
 {
 	const char *logfile;
 	FILE *logfp;
 	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int ret = 0;
 
-	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", ref);
+	logfile = git_path("logs/%s", refname);
 	logfp = fopen(logfile, "r");
 	if (!logfp)
 		return -1;
@@ -1809,62 +2350,64 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return for_each_recent_reflog_ent(ref, fn, 0, cb_data);
+	return for_each_recent_reflog_ent(refname, fn, 0, cb_data);
 }
 
-static int do_for_each_reflog(const char *base, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+/*
+ * Call fn for each reflog in the namespace indicated by name.  name
+ * must be empty or end with '/'.  Name will be used as a scratch
+ * space, but its contents will be restored before return.
+ */
+static int do_for_each_reflog(struct strbuf *name, each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	DIR *dir = opendir(git_path("logs/%s", base));
+	DIR *d = opendir(git_path("logs/%s", name->buf));
 	int retval = 0;
+	struct dirent *de;
+	int oldlen = name->len;
 
-	if (dir) {
-		struct dirent *de;
-		int baselen = strlen(base);
-		char *log = xmalloc(baselen + 257);
+	if (!d)
+		return name->len ? errno : 0;
 
-		memcpy(log, base, baselen);
-		if (baselen && base[baselen-1] != '/')
-			log[baselen++] = '/';
+	while ((de = readdir(d)) != NULL) {
+		struct stat st;
 
-		while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
-			struct stat st;
-			int namelen;
-
-			if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
-				continue;
-			namelen = strlen(de->d_name);
-			if (namelen > 255)
-				continue;
-			if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".lock"))
-				continue;
-			memcpy(log + baselen, de->d_name, namelen+1);
-			if (stat(git_path("logs/%s", log), &st) < 0)
-				continue;
+		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
+			continue;
+		if (has_extension(de->d_name, ".lock"))
+			continue;
+		strbuf_addstr(name, de->d_name);
+		if (stat(git_path("logs/%s", name->buf), &st) < 0) {
+			; /* silently ignore */
+		} else {
 			if (S_ISDIR(st.st_mode)) {
-				retval = do_for_each_reflog(log, fn, cb_data);
+				strbuf_addch(name, '/');
+				retval = do_for_each_reflog(name, fn, cb_data);
 			} else {
 				unsigned char sha1[20];
-				if (!resolve_ref(log, sha1, 0, NULL))
-					retval = error("bad ref for %s", log);
+				if (read_ref_full(name->buf, sha1, 0, NULL))
+					retval = error("bad ref for %s", name->buf);
 				else
-					retval = fn(log, sha1, 0, cb_data);
+					retval = fn(name->buf, sha1, 0, cb_data);
 			}
 			if (retval)
 				break;
 		}
-		free(log);
-		closedir(dir);
+		strbuf_setlen(name, oldlen);
 	}
-	else if (*base)
-		return errno;
+	closedir(d);
 	return retval;
 }
 
 int for_each_reflog(each_ref_fn fn, void *cb_data)
 {
-	return do_for_each_reflog("", fn, cb_data);
+	int retval;
+	struct strbuf name;
+	strbuf_init(&name, PATH_MAX);
+	retval = do_for_each_reflog(&name, fn, cb_data);
+	strbuf_release(&name);
+	return retval;
 }
 
 int update_ref(const char *action, const char *refname,
@@ -1894,12 +2437,6 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int ref_exists(const char *refname)
-{
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	return !!resolve_ref(refname, sha1, 1, NULL);
-}
-
 struct ref *find_ref_by_name(const struct ref *list, const char *name)
 {
 	for ( ; list; list = list->next)
@@ -1931,7 +2468,7 @@
 	return;
 }
 
-char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict)
+char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict)
 {
 	int i;
 	static char **scanf_fmts;
@@ -1960,10 +2497,10 @@
 
 	/* bail out if there are no rules */
 	if (!nr_rules)
-		return xstrdup(ref);
+		return xstrdup(refname);
 
-	/* buffer for scanf result, at most ref must fit */
-	short_name = xstrdup(ref);
+	/* buffer for scanf result, at most refname must fit */
+	short_name = xstrdup(refname);
 
 	/* skip first rule, it will always match */
 	for (i = nr_rules - 1; i > 0 ; --i) {
@@ -1971,7 +2508,7 @@
 		int rules_to_fail = i;
 		int short_name_len;
 
-		if (1 != sscanf(ref, scanf_fmts[i], short_name))
+		if (1 != sscanf(refname, scanf_fmts[i], short_name))
 			continue;
 
 		short_name_len = strlen(short_name);
@@ -1989,7 +2526,6 @@
 		 */
 		for (j = 0; j < rules_to_fail; j++) {
 			const char *rule = ref_rev_parse_rules[j];
-			unsigned char short_objectname[20];
 			char refname[PATH_MAX];
 
 			/* skip matched rule */
@@ -2003,7 +2539,7 @@
 			 */
 			mksnpath(refname, sizeof(refname),
 				 rule, short_name_len, short_name);
-			if (!read_ref(refname, short_objectname))
+			if (ref_exists(refname))
 				break;
 		}
 
@@ -2016,5 +2552,5 @@
 	}
 
 	free(short_name);
-	return xstrdup(ref);
+	return xstrdup(refname);
 }
diff --git a/refs.h b/refs.h
index 0229c57..d6c2fe2 100644
--- a/refs.h
+++ b/refs.h
@@ -10,12 +10,16 @@
 	int force_write;
 };
 
-#define REF_ISSYMREF 01
-#define REF_ISPACKED 02
+#define REF_ISSYMREF 0x01
+#define REF_ISPACKED 0x02
+#define REF_ISBROKEN 0x04
 
 /*
- * Calls the specified function for each ref file until it returns nonzero,
- * and returns the value
+ * Calls the specified function for each ref file until it returns
+ * nonzero, and returns the value.  Please note that it is not safe to
+ * modify references while an iteration is in progress, unless the
+ * same callback function invocation that modifies the reference also
+ * returns a nonzero value to immediately stop the iteration.
  */
 typedef int each_ref_fn(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data);
 extern int head_ref(each_ref_fn, void *);
@@ -50,23 +54,23 @@
 extern void warn_dangling_symref(FILE *fp, const char *msg_fmt, const char *refname);
 
 /*
- * Extra refs will be listed by for_each_ref() before any actual refs
- * for the duration of this process or until clear_extra_refs() is
- * called. Only extra refs added before for_each_ref() is called will
- * be listed on a given call of for_each_ref().
+ * Add a reference to the in-memory packed reference cache.  To actually
+ * write the reference to the packed-refs file, call pack_refs().
  */
-extern void add_extra_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1, int flags);
-extern void clear_extra_refs(void);
+extern void add_packed_ref(const char *refname, const unsigned char *sha1);
+
 extern int ref_exists(const char *);
 
-extern int peel_ref(const char *, unsigned char *);
+extern int peel_ref(const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 /** Locks a "refs/" ref returning the lock on success and NULL on failure. **/
-extern struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
+extern struct ref_lock *lock_ref_sha1(const char *refname, const unsigned char *old_sha1);
 
 /** Locks any ref (for 'HEAD' type refs). */
 #define REF_NODEREF	0x01
-extern struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *ref, const unsigned char *old_sha1, int flags);
+extern struct ref_lock *lock_any_ref_for_update(const char *refname,
+						const unsigned char *old_sha1,
+						int flags);
 
 /** Close the file descriptor owned by a lock and return the status */
 extern int close_ref(struct ref_lock *lock);
@@ -80,16 +84,26 @@
 /** Writes sha1 into the ref specified by the lock. **/
 extern int write_ref_sha1(struct ref_lock *lock, const unsigned char *sha1, const char *msg);
 
+/*
+ * Invalidate the reference cache for the specified submodule.  Use
+ * submodule=NULL to invalidate the cache for the main module.  This
+ * function must be called if references are changed via a mechanism
+ * other than the refs API.
+ */
+extern void invalidate_ref_cache(const char *submodule);
+
 /** Setup reflog before using. **/
 int log_ref_setup(const char *ref_name, char *logfile, int bufsize);
 
 /** Reads log for the value of ref during at_time. **/
-extern int read_ref_at(const char *ref, unsigned long at_time, int cnt, unsigned char *sha1, char **msg, unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt);
+extern int read_ref_at(const char *refname, unsigned long at_time, int cnt,
+		       unsigned char *sha1, char **msg,
+		       unsigned long *cutoff_time, int *cutoff_tz, int *cutoff_cnt);
 
 /* iterate over reflog entries */
 typedef int each_reflog_ent_fn(unsigned char *osha1, unsigned char *nsha1, const char *, unsigned long, int, const char *, void *);
-int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
-int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *ref, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, void *cb_data);
+int for_each_recent_reflog_ent(const char *refname, each_reflog_ent_fn fn, long, void *cb_data);
 
 /*
  * Calls the specified function for each reflog file until it returns nonzero,
@@ -102,9 +116,9 @@
 #define REFNAME_DOT_COMPONENT 4
 
 /*
- * Return 0 iff ref has the correct format for a refname according to
- * the rules described in Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt.  If
- * REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL is set in flags, then accept one-level
+ * Return 0 iff refname has the correct format for a refname according
+ * to the rules described in Documentation/git-check-ref-format.txt.
+ * If REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL is set in flags, then accept one-level
  * reference names.  If REFNAME_REFSPEC_PATTERN is set in flags, then
  * allow a "*" wildcard character in place of one of the name
  * components.  No leading or repeated slashes are accepted.  If
@@ -112,16 +126,20 @@
  * components to start with "." (but not a whole component equal to
  * "." or "..").
  */
-extern int check_refname_format(const char *ref, int flags);
+extern int check_refname_format(const char *refname, int flags);
 
 extern const char *prettify_refname(const char *refname);
-extern char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *ref, int strict);
+extern char *shorten_unambiguous_ref(const char *refname, int strict);
 
 /** rename ref, return 0 on success **/
 extern int rename_ref(const char *oldref, const char *newref, const char *logmsg);
 
-/** resolve ref in nested "gitlink" repository */
-extern int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *name, const char *refname, unsigned char *result);
+/**
+ * Resolve refname in the nested "gitlink" repository that is located
+ * at path.  If the resolution is successful, return 0 and set sha1 to
+ * the name of the object; otherwise, return a non-zero value.
+ */
+extern int resolve_gitlink_ref(const char *path, const char *refname, unsigned char *sha1);
 
 /** lock a ref and then write its file */
 enum action_on_err { MSG_ON_ERR, DIE_ON_ERR, QUIET_ON_ERR };
diff --git a/remote-curl.c b/remote-curl.c
index 0e720ee..9a8b123 100644
--- a/remote-curl.c
+++ b/remote-curl.c
@@ -95,15 +95,16 @@
 	struct strbuf buffer = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct discovery *last = last_discovery;
 	char *refs_url;
-	int http_ret, is_http = 0, proto_git_candidate = 1;
+	int http_ret, maybe_smart = 0;
 
 	if (last && !strcmp(service, last->service))
 		return last;
 	free_discovery(last);
 
 	strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%sinfo/refs", url);
-	if (!prefixcmp(url, "http://") || !prefixcmp(url, "https://")) {
-		is_http = 1;
+	if ((!prefixcmp(url, "http://") || !prefixcmp(url, "https://")) &&
+	     git_env_bool("GIT_SMART_HTTP", 1)) {
+		maybe_smart = 1;
 		if (!strchr(url, '?'))
 			strbuf_addch(&buffer, '?');
 		else
@@ -113,19 +114,6 @@
 	refs_url = strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
 
 	http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
-
-	/* try again with "plain" url (no ? or & appended) */
-	if (http_ret != HTTP_OK && http_ret != HTTP_NOAUTH) {
-		free(refs_url);
-		strbuf_reset(&buffer);
-
-		proto_git_candidate = 0;
-		strbuf_addf(&buffer, "%sinfo/refs", url);
-		refs_url = strbuf_detach(&buffer, NULL);
-
-		http_ret = http_get_strbuf(refs_url, &buffer, HTTP_NO_CACHE);
-	}
-
 	switch (http_ret) {
 	case HTTP_OK:
 		break;
@@ -144,8 +132,7 @@
 	last->buf_alloc = strbuf_detach(&buffer, &last->len);
 	last->buf = last->buf_alloc;
 
-	if (is_http && proto_git_candidate
-		&& 5 <= last->len && last->buf[4] == '#') {
+	if (maybe_smart && 5 <= last->len && last->buf[4] == '#') {
 		/* smart HTTP response; validate that the service
 		 * pkt-line matches our request.
 		 */
@@ -188,7 +175,7 @@
 	return err;
 }
 
-static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads)
+static struct ref *parse_git_refs(struct discovery *heads, int for_push)
 {
 	struct ref *list = NULL;
 	struct async async;
@@ -200,7 +187,8 @@
 
 	if (start_async(&async))
 		die("cannot start thread to parse advertised refs");
-	get_remote_heads(async.out, &list, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+	get_remote_heads(async.out, &list,
+			for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, NULL);
 	close(async.out);
 	if (finish_async(&async))
 		die("ref parsing thread failed");
@@ -268,7 +256,7 @@
 		heads = discover_refs("git-upload-pack");
 
 	if (heads->proto_git)
-		return parse_git_refs(heads);
+		return parse_git_refs(heads, for_push);
 	return parse_info_refs(heads);
 }
 
@@ -289,6 +277,7 @@
 struct rpc_state {
 	const char *service_name;
 	const char **argv;
+	struct strbuf *stdin_preamble;
 	char *service_url;
 	char *hdr_content_type;
 	char *hdr_accept;
@@ -360,16 +349,17 @@
 
 static int run_slot(struct active_request_slot *slot)
 {
-	int err = 0;
+	int err;
 	struct slot_results results;
 
 	slot->results = &results;
 	slot->curl_result = curl_easy_perform(slot->curl);
 	finish_active_slot(slot);
 
-	if (results.curl_result != CURLE_OK) {
-		err |= error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
-			results.curl_result, results.http_code);
+	err = handle_curl_result(&results);
+	if (err != HTTP_OK && err != HTTP_REAUTH) {
+		error("RPC failed; result=%d, HTTP code = %ld",
+		      results.curl_result, results.http_code);
 	}
 
 	return err;
@@ -390,7 +380,7 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, rpc->service_url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, NULL);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, "0000");
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, 4);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, headers);
@@ -410,6 +400,7 @@
 	struct curl_slist *headers = NULL;
 	int use_gzip = rpc->gzip_request;
 	char *gzip_body = NULL;
+	size_t gzip_size = 0;
 	int err, large_request = 0;
 
 	/* Try to load the entire request, if we can fit it into the
@@ -434,21 +425,24 @@
 	}
 
 	if (large_request) {
-		err = probe_rpc(rpc);
-		if (err)
-			return err;
+		do {
+			err = probe_rpc(rpc);
+		} while (err == HTTP_REAUTH);
+		if (err != HTTP_OK)
+			return -1;
 	}
 
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_content_type);
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_accept);
+	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Expect:");
+
+retry:
 	slot = get_active_slot();
 
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_NOBODY, 0);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POST, 1);
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_URL, rpc->service_url);
-	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "");
-
-	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_content_type);
-	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, rpc->hdr_accept);
-	headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Expect:");
+	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_ENCODING, "gzip");
 
 	if (large_request) {
 		/* The request body is large and the size cannot be predicted.
@@ -467,24 +461,32 @@
 			fflush(stderr);
 		}
 
+	} else if (gzip_body) {
+		/*
+		 * If we are looping to retry authentication, then the previous
+		 * run will have set up the headers and gzip buffer already,
+		 * and we just need to send it.
+		 */
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, gzip_body);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, gzip_size);
+
 	} else if (use_gzip && 1024 < rpc->len) {
 		/* The client backend isn't giving us compressed data so
 		 * we can try to deflate it ourselves, this may save on.
 		 * the transfer time.
 		 */
-		size_t size;
 		git_zstream stream;
 		int ret;
 
 		memset(&stream, 0, sizeof(stream));
 		git_deflate_init_gzip(&stream, Z_BEST_COMPRESSION);
-		size = git_deflate_bound(&stream, rpc->len);
-		gzip_body = xmalloc(size);
+		gzip_size = git_deflate_bound(&stream, rpc->len);
+		gzip_body = xmalloc(gzip_size);
 
 		stream.next_in = (unsigned char *)rpc->buf;
 		stream.avail_in = rpc->len;
 		stream.next_out = (unsigned char *)gzip_body;
-		stream.avail_out = size;
+		stream.avail_out = gzip_size;
 
 		ret = git_deflate(&stream, Z_FINISH);
 		if (ret != Z_STREAM_END)
@@ -494,16 +496,16 @@
 		if (ret != Z_OK)
 			die("cannot deflate request; zlib end error %d", ret);
 
-		size = stream.total_out;
+		gzip_size = stream.total_out;
 
 		headers = curl_slist_append(headers, "Content-Encoding: gzip");
 		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, gzip_body);
-		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, size);
+		curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDSIZE, gzip_size);
 
 		if (options.verbosity > 1) {
 			fprintf(stderr, "POST %s (gzip %lu to %lu bytes)\n",
 				rpc->service_name,
-				(unsigned long)rpc->len, (unsigned long)size);
+				(unsigned long)rpc->len, (unsigned long)gzip_size);
 			fflush(stderr);
 		}
 	} else {
@@ -524,6 +526,10 @@
 	curl_easy_setopt(slot->curl, CURLOPT_FILE, rpc);
 
 	err = run_slot(slot);
+	if (err == HTTP_REAUTH && !large_request)
+		goto retry;
+	if (err != HTTP_OK)
+		err = -1;
 
 	curl_slist_free_all(headers);
 	free(gzip_body);
@@ -534,6 +540,7 @@
 {
 	const char *svc = rpc->service_name;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf *preamble = rpc->stdin_preamble;
 	struct child_process client;
 	int err = 0;
 
@@ -544,6 +551,8 @@
 	client.argv = rpc->argv;
 	if (start_command(&client))
 		exit(1);
+	if (preamble)
+		write_or_die(client.in, preamble->buf, preamble->len);
 	if (heads)
 		write_or_die(client.in, heads->buf, heads->len);
 
@@ -625,13 +634,14 @@
 	int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
 	struct rpc_state rpc;
+	struct strbuf preamble = STRBUF_INIT;
 	char *depth_arg = NULL;
-	const char **argv;
 	int argc = 0, i, err;
+	const char *argv[15];
 
-	argv = xmalloc((15 + nr_heads) * sizeof(char*));
 	argv[argc++] = "fetch-pack";
 	argv[argc++] = "--stateless-rpc";
+	argv[argc++] = "--stdin";
 	argv[argc++] = "--lock-pack";
 	if (options.followtags)
 		argv[argc++] = "--include-tag";
@@ -650,24 +660,27 @@
 		argv[argc++] = depth_arg;
 	}
 	argv[argc++] = url;
+	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
 		struct ref *ref = to_fetch[i];
 		if (!ref->name || !*ref->name)
 			die("cannot fetch by sha1 over smart http");
-		argv[argc++] = ref->name;
+		packet_buf_write(&preamble, "%s\n", ref->name);
 	}
-	argv[argc++] = NULL;
+	packet_buf_flush(&preamble);
 
 	memset(&rpc, 0, sizeof(rpc));
 	rpc.service_name = "git-upload-pack",
 	rpc.argv = argv;
+	rpc.stdin_preamble = &preamble;
 	rpc.gzip_request = 1;
 
 	err = rpc_service(&rpc, heads);
 	if (rpc.result.len)
 		safe_write(1, rpc.result.buf, rpc.result.len);
 	strbuf_release(&rpc.result);
-	free(argv);
+	strbuf_release(&preamble);
 	free(depth_arg);
 	return err;
 }
@@ -769,8 +782,11 @@
 		argv[argc++] = "--thin";
 	if (options.dry_run)
 		argv[argc++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (options.verbosity > 1)
+	if (options.verbosity == 0)
+		argv[argc++] = "--quiet";
+	else if (options.verbosity > 1)
 		argv[argc++] = "--verbose";
+	argv[argc++] = options.progress ? "--progress" : "--no-progress";
 	argv[argc++] = url;
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
 		argv[argc++] = specs[i];
@@ -804,7 +820,7 @@
 static void parse_push(struct strbuf *buf)
 {
 	char **specs = NULL;
-	int alloc_spec = 0, nr_spec = 0, i;
+	int alloc_spec = 0, nr_spec = 0, i, ret;
 
 	do {
 		if (!prefixcmp(buf->buf, "push ")) {
@@ -821,12 +837,13 @@
 			break;
 	} while (1);
 
-	if (push(nr_spec, specs))
-		exit(128); /* error already reported */
-
+	ret = push(nr_spec, specs);
 	printf("\n");
 	fflush(stdout);
 
+	if (ret)
+		exit(128); /* error already reported */
+
  free_specs:
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_spec; i++)
 		free(specs[i]);
@@ -859,7 +876,7 @@
 
 	url = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
 
-	http_init(remote, url);
+	http_init(remote, url, 0);
 
 	do {
 		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF) {
diff --git a/remote-testsvn.c b/remote-testsvn.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5ddf11c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/remote-testsvn.c
@@ -0,0 +1,344 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "url.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "vcs-svn/svndump.h"
+#include "notes.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
+
+static const char *url;
+static int dump_from_file;
+static const char *private_ref;
+static const char *remote_ref = "refs/heads/master";
+static const char *marksfilename, *notes_ref;
+struct rev_note { unsigned int rev_nr; };
+
+static int cmd_capabilities(const char *line);
+static int cmd_import(const char *line);
+static int cmd_list(const char *line);
+
+typedef int (*input_command_handler)(const char *);
+struct input_command_entry {
+	const char *name;
+	input_command_handler fn;
+	unsigned char batchable;	/* whether the command starts or is part of a batch */
+};
+
+static const struct input_command_entry input_command_list[] = {
+	{ "capabilities", cmd_capabilities, 0 },
+	{ "import", cmd_import, 1 },
+	{ "list", cmd_list, 0 },
+	{ NULL, NULL }
+};
+
+static int cmd_capabilities(const char *line)
+{
+	printf("import\n");
+	printf("bidi-import\n");
+	printf("refspec %s:%s\n\n", remote_ref, private_ref);
+	fflush(stdout);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void terminate_batch(void)
+{
+	/* terminate a current batch's fast-import stream */
+	printf("done\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+/* NOTE: 'ref' refers to a git reference, while 'rev' refers to a svn revision. */
+static char *read_ref_note(const unsigned char sha1[20])
+{
+	const unsigned char *note_sha1;
+	char *msg = NULL;
+	unsigned long msglen;
+	enum object_type type;
+
+	init_notes(NULL, notes_ref, NULL, 0);
+	if (!(note_sha1 = get_note(NULL, sha1)))
+		return NULL;	/* note tree not found */
+	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(note_sha1, &type, &msglen)))
+		error("Empty notes tree. %s", notes_ref);
+	else if (!msglen || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		error("Note contains unusable content. "
+			"Is something else using this notes tree? %s", notes_ref);
+		free(msg);
+		msg = NULL;
+	}
+	free_notes(NULL);
+	return msg;
+}
+
+static int parse_rev_note(const char *msg, struct rev_note *res)
+{
+	const char *key, *value, *end;
+	size_t len;
+
+	while (*msg) {
+		end = strchr(msg, '\n');
+		len = end ? end - msg : strlen(msg);
+
+		key = "Revision-number: ";
+		if (!prefixcmp(msg, key)) {
+			long i;
+			char *end;
+			value = msg + strlen(key);
+			i = strtol(value, &end, 0);
+			if (end == value || i < 0 || i > UINT32_MAX)
+				return -1;
+			res->rev_nr = i;
+			return 0;
+		}
+		msg += len + 1;
+	}
+	/* didn't find it */
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int note2mark_cb(const unsigned char *object_sha1,
+		const unsigned char *note_sha1, char *note_path,
+		void *cb_data)
+{
+	FILE *file = (FILE *)cb_data;
+	char *msg;
+	unsigned long msglen;
+	enum object_type type;
+	struct rev_note note;
+
+	if (!(msg = read_sha1_file(note_sha1, &type, &msglen)) ||
+			!msglen || type != OBJ_BLOB) {
+		free(msg);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	if (parse_rev_note(msg, &note))
+		return 2;
+	if (fprintf(file, ":%d %s\n", note.rev_nr, sha1_to_hex(object_sha1)) < 1)
+		return 3;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void regenerate_marks(void)
+{
+	int ret;
+	FILE *marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "w+");
+
+	if (!marksfile)
+		die_errno("Couldn't create mark file %s.", marksfilename);
+	ret = for_each_note(NULL, 0, note2mark_cb, marksfile);
+	if (ret)
+		die("Regeneration of marks failed, returned %d.", ret);
+	fclose(marksfile);
+}
+
+static void check_or_regenerate_marks(int latestrev)
+{
+	FILE *marksfile;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct strbuf line = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int found = 0;
+
+	if (latestrev < 1)
+		return;
+
+	init_notes(NULL, notes_ref, NULL, 0);
+	marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "r");
+	if (!marksfile) {
+		regenerate_marks();
+		marksfile = fopen(marksfilename, "r");
+		if (!marksfile)
+			die_errno("cannot read marks file %s!", marksfilename);
+		fclose(marksfile);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, ":%d ", latestrev);
+		while (strbuf_getline(&line, marksfile, '\n') != EOF) {
+			if (!prefixcmp(line.buf, sb.buf)) {
+				found++;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+		fclose(marksfile);
+		if (!found)
+			regenerate_marks();
+	}
+	free_notes(NULL);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	strbuf_release(&line);
+}
+
+static int cmd_import(const char *line)
+{
+	int code;
+	int dumpin_fd;
+	char *note_msg;
+	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	unsigned int startrev;
+	struct argv_array svndump_argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	struct child_process svndump_proc;
+
+	if (read_ref(private_ref, head_sha1))
+		startrev = 0;
+	else {
+		note_msg = read_ref_note(head_sha1);
+		if(note_msg == NULL) {
+			warning("No note found for %s.", private_ref);
+			startrev = 0;
+		} else {
+			struct rev_note note = { 0 };
+			if (parse_rev_note(note_msg, &note))
+				die("Revision number couldn't be parsed from note.");
+			startrev = note.rev_nr + 1;
+			free(note_msg);
+		}
+	}
+	check_or_regenerate_marks(startrev - 1);
+
+	if (dump_from_file) {
+		dumpin_fd = open(url, O_RDONLY);
+		if(dumpin_fd < 0)
+			die_errno("Couldn't open svn dump file %s.", url);
+	} else {
+		memset(&svndump_proc, 0, sizeof(struct child_process));
+		svndump_proc.out = -1;
+		argv_array_push(&svndump_argv, "svnrdump");
+		argv_array_push(&svndump_argv, "dump");
+		argv_array_push(&svndump_argv, url);
+		argv_array_pushf(&svndump_argv, "-r%u:HEAD", startrev);
+		svndump_proc.argv = svndump_argv.argv;
+
+		code = start_command(&svndump_proc);
+		if (code)
+			die("Unable to start %s, code %d", svndump_proc.argv[0], code);
+		dumpin_fd = svndump_proc.out;
+	}
+	/* setup marks file import/export */
+	printf("feature import-marks-if-exists=%s\n"
+			"feature export-marks=%s\n", marksfilename, marksfilename);
+
+	svndump_init_fd(dumpin_fd, STDIN_FILENO);
+	svndump_read(url, private_ref, notes_ref);
+	svndump_deinit();
+	svndump_reset();
+
+	close(dumpin_fd);
+	if (!dump_from_file) {
+		code = finish_command(&svndump_proc);
+		if (code)
+			warning("%s, returned %d", svndump_proc.argv[0], code);
+		argv_array_clear(&svndump_argv);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int cmd_list(const char *line)
+{
+	printf("? %s\n\n", remote_ref);
+	fflush(stdout);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int do_command(struct strbuf *line)
+{
+	const struct input_command_entry *p = input_command_list;
+	static struct string_list batchlines = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	static const struct input_command_entry *batch_cmd;
+	/*
+	 * commands can be grouped together in a batch.
+	 * Batches are ended by \n. If no batch is active the program ends.
+	 * During a batch all lines are buffered and passed to the handler function
+	 * when the batch is terminated.
+	 */
+	if (line->len == 0) {
+		if (batch_cmd) {
+			struct string_list_item *item;
+			for_each_string_list_item(item, &batchlines)
+				batch_cmd->fn(item->string);
+			terminate_batch();
+			batch_cmd = NULL;
+			string_list_clear(&batchlines, 0);
+			return 0;	/* end of the batch, continue reading other commands. */
+		}
+		return 1;	/* end of command stream, quit */
+	}
+	if (batch_cmd) {
+		if (prefixcmp(batch_cmd->name, line->buf))
+			die("Active %s batch interrupted by %s", batch_cmd->name, line->buf);
+		/* buffer batch lines */
+		string_list_append(&batchlines, line->buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	for (p = input_command_list; p->name; p++) {
+		if (!prefixcmp(line->buf, p->name) && (strlen(p->name) == line->len ||
+				line->buf[strlen(p->name)] == ' ')) {
+			if (p->batchable) {
+				batch_cmd = p;
+				string_list_append(&batchlines, line->buf);
+				return 0;
+			}
+			return p->fn(line->buf);
+		}
+	}
+	die("Unknown command '%s'\n", line->buf);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT, url_sb = STRBUF_INIT,
+			private_ref_sb = STRBUF_INIT, marksfilename_sb = STRBUF_INIT,
+			notes_ref_sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct remote *remote;
+	const char *url_in;
+
+	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
+	setup_git_directory();
+	if (argc < 2 || argc > 3) {
+		usage("git-remote-svn <remote-name> [<url>]");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	remote = remote_get(argv[1]);
+	url_in = (argc == 3) ? argv[2] : remote->url[0];
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(url_in, "file://")) {
+		dump_from_file = 1;
+		url = url_decode(url_in + sizeof("file://")-1);
+	} else {
+		dump_from_file = 0;
+		end_url_with_slash(&url_sb, url_in);
+		url = url_sb.buf;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_addf(&private_ref_sb, "refs/svn/%s/master", remote->name);
+	private_ref = private_ref_sb.buf;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&notes_ref_sb, "refs/notes/%s/revs", remote->name);
+	notes_ref = notes_ref_sb.buf;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&marksfilename_sb, "%s/info/fast-import/remote-svn/%s.marks",
+		get_git_dir(), remote->name);
+	marksfilename = marksfilename_sb.buf;
+
+	while (1) {
+		if (strbuf_getline(&buf, stdin, '\n') == EOF) {
+			if (ferror(stdin))
+				die("Error reading command stream");
+			else
+				die("Unexpected end of command stream");
+		}
+		if (do_command(&buf))
+			break;
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	strbuf_release(&url_sb);
+	strbuf_release(&private_ref_sb);
+	strbuf_release(&notes_ref_sb);
+	strbuf_release(&marksfilename_sb);
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/remote.c b/remote.c
index e52aa9b..e53a6eb 100644
--- a/remote.c
+++ b/remote.c
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 #include "dir.h"
 #include "tag.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+
+enum map_direction { FROM_SRC, FROM_DST };
 
 static struct refspec s_tag_refspec = {
 	0,
@@ -482,7 +485,7 @@
 		return;
 	default_remote_name = xstrdup("origin");
 	current_branch = NULL;
-	head_ref = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, &flag);
+	head_ref = resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", sha1, 0, &flag);
 	if (head_ref && (flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 	    !prefixcmp(head_ref, "refs/heads/")) {
 		current_branch =
@@ -803,59 +806,56 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *refspecs, int nr_refspec,
-		     const char *name)
+static int query_refspecs(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct refspec *query)
 {
 	int i;
-	char *ret = NULL;
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_refspec; i++) {
-		struct refspec *refspec = refspecs + i;
-		if (refspec->pattern) {
-			if (match_name_with_pattern(refspec->src, name,
-						    refspec->dst, &ret))
-				return ret;
-		} else if (!strcmp(refspec->src, name))
-			return xstrdup(refspec->dst);
-	}
-	return NULL;
-}
+	int find_src = !query->src;
 
-int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
-{
-	int find_src = refspec->src == NULL;
-	char *needle, **result;
-	int i;
+	if (find_src && !query->dst)
+		return error("query_refspecs: need either src or dst");
 
-	if (find_src) {
+	for (i = 0; i < ref_count; i++) {
+		struct refspec *refspec = &refs[i];
+		const char *key = find_src ? refspec->dst : refspec->src;
+		const char *value = find_src ? refspec->src : refspec->dst;
+		const char *needle = find_src ? query->dst : query->src;
+		char **result = find_src ? &query->src : &query->dst;
+
 		if (!refspec->dst)
-			return error("find_tracking: need either src or dst");
-		needle = refspec->dst;
-		result = &refspec->src;
-	} else {
-		needle = refspec->src;
-		result = &refspec->dst;
-	}
-
-	for (i = 0; i < remote->fetch_refspec_nr; i++) {
-		struct refspec *fetch = &remote->fetch[i];
-		const char *key = find_src ? fetch->dst : fetch->src;
-		const char *value = find_src ? fetch->src : fetch->dst;
-		if (!fetch->dst)
 			continue;
-		if (fetch->pattern) {
+		if (refspec->pattern) {
 			if (match_name_with_pattern(key, needle, value, result)) {
-				refspec->force = fetch->force;
+				query->force = refspec->force;
 				return 0;
 			}
 		} else if (!strcmp(needle, key)) {
 			*result = xstrdup(value);
-			refspec->force = fetch->force;
+			query->force = refspec->force;
 			return 0;
 		}
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
 
+char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *refspecs, int nr_refspec,
+		     const char *name)
+{
+	struct refspec query;
+
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	query.src = (char *)name;
+
+	if (query_refspecs(refspecs, nr_refspec, &query))
+		return NULL;
+
+	return query.dst;
+}
+
+int remote_find_tracking(struct remote *remote, struct refspec *refspec)
+{
+	return query_refspecs(remote->fetch, remote->fetch_refspec_nr, refspec);
+}
+
 static struct ref *alloc_ref_with_prefix(const char *prefix, size_t prefixlen,
 		const char *name)
 {
@@ -919,6 +919,27 @@
 	}
 }
 
+int ref_compare_name(const void *va, const void *vb)
+{
+	const struct ref *a = va, *b = vb;
+	return strcmp(a->name, b->name);
+}
+
+static void *ref_list_get_next(const void *a)
+{
+	return ((const struct ref *)a)->next;
+}
+
+static void ref_list_set_next(void *a, void *next)
+{
+	((struct ref *)a)->next = next;
+}
+
+void sort_ref_list(struct ref **l, int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *))
+{
+	*l = llist_mergesort(*l, ref_list_get_next, ref_list_set_next, cmp);
+}
+
 static int count_refspec_match(const char *pattern,
 			       struct ref *refs,
 			       struct ref **matched_ref)
@@ -981,16 +1002,20 @@
 	*tail = &ref->next;
 }
 
+static struct ref *alloc_delete_ref(void)
+{
+	struct ref *ref = alloc_ref("(delete)");
+	hashclr(ref->new_sha1);
+	return ref;
+}
+
 static struct ref *try_explicit_object_name(const char *name)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	struct ref *ref;
 
-	if (!*name) {
-		ref = alloc_ref("(delete)");
-		hashclr(ref->new_sha1);
-		return ref;
-	}
+	if (!*name)
+		return alloc_delete_ref();
 	if (get_sha1(name, sha1))
 		return NULL;
 	ref = alloc_ref(name);
@@ -1010,7 +1035,7 @@
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 
-	const char *r = resolve_ref(peer->name, sha1, 1, NULL);
+	const char *r = resolve_ref_unsafe(peer->name, sha1, 1, NULL);
 	if (!r)
 		return NULL;
 
@@ -1061,7 +1086,7 @@
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		int flag;
 
-		dst_value = resolve_ref(matched_src->name, sha1, 1, &flag);
+		dst_value = resolve_ref_unsafe(matched_src->name, sha1, 1, &flag);
 		if (!dst_value ||
 		    ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) &&
 		     prefixcmp(dst_value, "refs/heads/")))
@@ -1075,6 +1100,9 @@
 	case 0:
 		if (!memcmp(dst_value, "refs/", 5))
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_value, dst_tail);
+		else if (is_null_sha1(matched_src->new_sha1))
+			error("unable to delete '%s': remote ref does not exist",
+			      dst_value);
 		else if ((dst_guess = guess_ref(dst_value, matched_src)))
 			matched_dst = make_linked_ref(dst_guess, dst_tail);
 		else
@@ -1113,10 +1141,11 @@
 	return errs;
 }
 
-static const struct refspec *check_pattern_match(const struct refspec *rs,
-						 int rs_nr,
-						 const struct ref *src)
+static char *get_ref_match(const struct refspec *rs, int rs_nr, const struct ref *ref,
+		int send_mirror, int direction, const struct refspec **ret_pat)
 {
+	const struct refspec *pat;
+	char *name;
 	int i;
 	int matching_refs = -1;
 	for (i = 0; i < rs_nr; i++) {
@@ -1126,14 +1155,36 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (rs[i].pattern && match_name_with_pattern(rs[i].src, src->name,
-							     NULL, NULL))
-			return rs + i;
+		if (rs[i].pattern) {
+			const char *dst_side = rs[i].dst ? rs[i].dst : rs[i].src;
+			int match;
+			if (direction == FROM_SRC)
+				match = match_name_with_pattern(rs[i].src, ref->name, dst_side, &name);
+			else
+				match = match_name_with_pattern(dst_side, ref->name, rs[i].src, &name);
+			if (match) {
+				matching_refs = i;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
 	}
-	if (matching_refs != -1)
-		return rs + matching_refs;
-	else
+	if (matching_refs == -1)
 		return NULL;
+
+	pat = rs + matching_refs;
+	if (pat->matching) {
+		/*
+		 * "matching refs"; traditionally we pushed everything
+		 * including refs outside refs/heads/ hierarchy, but
+		 * that does not make much sense these days.
+		 */
+		if (!send_mirror && prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/heads/"))
+			return NULL;
+		name = xstrdup(ref->name);
+	}
+	if (ret_pat)
+		*ret_pat = pat;
+	return name;
 }
 
 static struct ref **tail_ref(struct ref **head)
@@ -1145,19 +1196,23 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Note. This is used only by "push"; refspec matching rules for
- * push and fetch are subtly different, so do not try to reuse it
- * without thinking.
+ * Given the set of refs the local repository has, the set of refs the
+ * remote repository has, and the refspec used for push, determine
+ * what remote refs we will update and with what value by setting
+ * peer_ref (which object is being pushed) and force (if the push is
+ * forced) in elements of "dst". The function may add new elements to
+ * dst (e.g. pushing to a new branch, done in match_explicit_refs).
  */
-int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
-	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int flags)
+int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
+		    int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int flags)
 {
 	struct refspec *rs;
 	int send_all = flags & MATCH_REFS_ALL;
 	int send_mirror = flags & MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+	int send_prune = flags & MATCH_REFS_PRUNE;
 	int errs;
 	static const char *default_refspec[] = { ":", NULL };
-	struct ref **dst_tail = tail_ref(dst);
+	struct ref *ref, **dst_tail = tail_ref(dst);
 
 	if (!nr_refspec) {
 		nr_refspec = 1;
@@ -1167,39 +1222,23 @@
 	errs = match_explicit_refs(src, *dst, &dst_tail, rs, nr_refspec);
 
 	/* pick the remainder */
-	for ( ; src; src = src->next) {
+	for (ref = src; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		struct ref *dst_peer;
 		const struct refspec *pat = NULL;
 		char *dst_name;
-		if (src->peer_ref)
+
+		if (ref->peer_ref)
 			continue;
 
-		pat = check_pattern_match(rs, nr_refspec, src);
-		if (!pat)
+		dst_name = get_ref_match(rs, nr_refspec, ref, send_mirror, FROM_SRC, &pat);
+		if (!dst_name)
 			continue;
 
-		if (pat->matching) {
-			/*
-			 * "matching refs"; traditionally we pushed everything
-			 * including refs outside refs/heads/ hierarchy, but
-			 * that does not make much sense these days.
-			 */
-			if (!send_mirror && prefixcmp(src->name, "refs/heads/"))
-				continue;
-			dst_name = xstrdup(src->name);
-
-		} else {
-			const char *dst_side = pat->dst ? pat->dst : pat->src;
-			if (!match_name_with_pattern(pat->src, src->name,
-						     dst_side, &dst_name))
-				die("Didn't think it matches any more");
-		}
 		dst_peer = find_ref_by_name(*dst, dst_name);
 		if (dst_peer) {
 			if (dst_peer->peer_ref)
 				/* We're already sending something to this ref. */
 				goto free_name;
-
 		} else {
 			if (pat->matching && !(send_all || send_mirror))
 				/*
@@ -1211,13 +1250,30 @@
 
 			/* Create a new one and link it */
 			dst_peer = make_linked_ref(dst_name, &dst_tail);
-			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, src->new_sha1);
+			hashcpy(dst_peer->new_sha1, ref->new_sha1);
 		}
-		dst_peer->peer_ref = copy_ref(src);
+		dst_peer->peer_ref = copy_ref(ref);
 		dst_peer->force = pat->force;
 	free_name:
 		free(dst_name);
 	}
+	if (send_prune) {
+		/* check for missing refs on the remote */
+		for (ref = *dst; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+			char *src_name;
+
+			if (ref->peer_ref)
+				/* We're already sending something to this ref. */
+				continue;
+
+			src_name = get_ref_match(rs, nr_refspec, ref, send_mirror, FROM_DST, NULL);
+			if (src_name) {
+				if (!find_ref_by_name(src, src_name))
+					ref->peer_ref = alloc_delete_ref();
+				free(src_name);
+			}
+		}
+	}
 	if (errs)
 		return -1;
 	return 0;
@@ -1229,6 +1285,8 @@
 	struct ref *ref;
 
 	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		int force_ref_update = ref->force || force_update;
+
 		if (ref->peer_ref)
 			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, ref->peer_ref->new_sha1);
 		else if (!send_mirror)
@@ -1241,34 +1299,41 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		/* This part determines what can overwrite what.
-		 * The rules are:
+		/*
+		 * Decide whether an individual refspec A:B can be
+		 * pushed.  The push will succeed if any of the
+		 * following are true:
 		 *
-		 * (0) you can always use --force or +A:B notation to
-		 *     selectively force individual ref pairs.
+		 * (1) the remote reference B does not exist
 		 *
-		 * (1) if the old thing does not exist, it is OK.
+		 * (2) the remote reference B is being removed (i.e.,
+		 *     pushing :B where no source is specified)
 		 *
-		 * (2) if you do not have the old thing, you are not allowed
-		 *     to overwrite it; you would not know what you are losing
-		 *     otherwise.
+		 * (3) the destination is not under refs/tags/, and
+		 *     if the old and new value is a commit, the new
+		 *     is a descendant of the old.
 		 *
-		 * (3) if both new and old are commit-ish, and new is a
-		 *     descendant of old, it is OK.
-		 *
-		 * (4) regardless of all of the above, removing :B is
-		 *     always allowed.
+		 * (4) it is forced using the +A:B notation, or by
+		 *     passing the --force argument
 		 */
 
-		ref->nonfastforward =
-			!ref->deletion &&
-			!is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1) &&
-			(!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1)
-			  || !ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1));
+		if (!ref->deletion && !is_null_sha1(ref->old_sha1)) {
+			int why = 0; /* why would this push require --force? */
 
-		if (ref->nonfastforward && !ref->force && !force_update) {
-			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
-			continue;
+			if (!prefixcmp(ref->name, "refs/tags/"))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+			else if (!has_sha1_file(ref->old_sha1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+			else if (!lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->old_sha1, 1) ||
+				 !lookup_commit_reference_gently(ref->new_sha1, 1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
+			else if (!ref_newer(ref->new_sha1, ref->old_sha1))
+				why = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD;
+
+			if (!force_ref_update)
+				ref->status = why;
+			else if (why)
+				ref->forced_update = 1;
 		}
 	}
 }
@@ -1314,6 +1379,16 @@
 	return refname_match(branch->merge[i]->src, refname, ref_fetch_rules);
 }
 
+static int ignore_symref_update(const char *refname)
+{
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	int flag;
+
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe(refname, sha1, 0, &flag))
+		return 0; /* non-existing refs are OK */
+	return (flag & REF_ISSYMREF);
+}
+
 static struct ref *get_expanded_map(const struct ref *remote_refs,
 				    const struct refspec *refspec)
 {
@@ -1327,7 +1402,8 @@
 		if (strchr(ref->name, '^'))
 			continue; /* a dereference item */
 		if (match_name_with_pattern(refspec->src, ref->name,
-					    refspec->dst, &expn_name)) {
+					    refspec->dst, &expn_name) &&
+		    !ignore_symref_update(expn_name)) {
 			struct ref *cpy = copy_ref(ref);
 
 			cpy->peer_ref = alloc_ref(expn_name);
@@ -1402,8 +1478,8 @@
 
 	for (rmp = &ref_map; *rmp; ) {
 		if ((*rmp)->peer_ref) {
-			if (check_refname_format((*rmp)->peer_ref->name + 5,
-				REFNAME_ALLOW_ONELEVEL)) {
+			if (prefixcmp((*rmp)->peer_ref->name, "refs/") ||
+			    check_refname_format((*rmp)->peer_ref->name, 0)) {
 				struct ref *ignore = *rmp;
 				error("* Ignoring funny ref '%s' locally",
 				      (*rmp)->peer_ref->name);
@@ -1451,7 +1527,8 @@
 	struct commit_list *list, *used;
 	int found = 0;
 
-	/* Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
+	/*
+	 * Both new and old must be commit-ish and new is descendant of
 	 * old.  Otherwise we require --force.
 	 */
 	o = deref_tag(parse_object(old_sha1), NULL, 0);
@@ -1507,13 +1584,13 @@
 	 * nothing to report.
 	 */
 	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
-	if (!resolve_ref(base, sha1, 1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref(base, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	theirs = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!theirs)
 		return 0;
 
-	if (!resolve_ref(branch->refname, sha1, 1, NULL))
+	if (read_ref(branch->refname, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	ours = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
 	if (!ours)
@@ -1571,20 +1648,40 @@
 
 	base = branch->merge[0]->dst;
 	base = shorten_unambiguous_ref(base, 0);
-	if (!num_theirs)
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch is ahead of '%s' "
-			    "by %d commit%s.\n",
-			    base, num_ours, (num_ours == 1) ? "" : "s");
-	else if (!num_ours)
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch is behind '%s' "
-			    "by %d commit%s, "
-			    "and can be fast-forwarded.\n",
-			    base, num_theirs, (num_theirs == 1) ? "" : "s");
-	else
-		strbuf_addf(sb, "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
-			    "and have %d and %d different commit(s) each, "
-			    "respectively.\n",
-			    base, num_ours, num_theirs);
+	if (!num_theirs) {
+		strbuf_addf(sb,
+			Q_("Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commit.\n",
+			   "Your branch is ahead of '%s' by %d commits.\n",
+			   num_ours),
+			base, num_ours);
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			strbuf_addf(sb,
+				_("  (use \"git push\" to publish your local commits)\n"));
+	} else if (!num_ours) {
+		strbuf_addf(sb,
+			Q_("Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commit, "
+			       "and can be fast-forwarded.\n",
+			   "Your branch is behind '%s' by %d commits, "
+			       "and can be fast-forwarded.\n",
+			   num_theirs),
+			base, num_theirs);
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			strbuf_addf(sb,
+				_("  (use \"git pull\" to update your local branch)\n"));
+	} else {
+		strbuf_addf(sb,
+			Q_("Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+			       "and have %d and %d different commit each, "
+			       "respectively.\n",
+			   "Your branch and '%s' have diverged,\n"
+			       "and have %d and %d different commits each, "
+			       "respectively.\n",
+			   num_theirs),
+			base, num_ours, num_theirs);
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			strbuf_addf(sb,
+				_("  (use \"git pull\" to merge the remote branch into yours)\n"));
+	}
 	return 1;
 }
 
@@ -1656,36 +1753,47 @@
 }
 
 struct stale_heads_info {
-	struct remote *remote;
 	struct string_list *ref_names;
 	struct ref **stale_refs_tail;
+	struct refspec *refs;
+	int ref_count;
 };
 
 static int get_stale_heads_cb(const char *refname,
 	const unsigned char *sha1, int flags, void *cb_data)
 {
 	struct stale_heads_info *info = cb_data;
-	struct refspec refspec;
-	memset(&refspec, 0, sizeof(refspec));
-	refspec.dst = (char *)refname;
-	if (!remote_find_tracking(info->remote, &refspec)) {
-		if (!((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
-		    string_list_has_string(info->ref_names, refspec.src))) {
-			struct ref *ref = make_linked_ref(refname, &info->stale_refs_tail);
-			hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
-		}
+	struct refspec query;
+	memset(&query, 0, sizeof(struct refspec));
+	query.dst = (char *)refname;
+
+	if (query_refspecs(info->refs, info->ref_count, &query))
+		return 0; /* No matches */
+
+	/*
+	 * If we did find a suitable refspec and it's not a symref and
+	 * it's not in the list of refs that currently exist in that
+	 * remote we consider it to be stale.
+	 */
+	if (!((flags & REF_ISSYMREF) ||
+	      string_list_has_string(info->ref_names, query.src))) {
+		struct ref *ref = make_linked_ref(refname, &info->stale_refs_tail);
+		hashcpy(ref->new_sha1, sha1);
 	}
+
+	free(query.src);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct remote *remote, struct ref *fetch_map)
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *fetch_map)
 {
 	struct ref *ref, *stale_refs = NULL;
 	struct string_list ref_names = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
 	struct stale_heads_info info;
-	info.remote = remote;
 	info.ref_names = &ref_names;
 	info.stale_refs_tail = &stale_refs;
+	info.refs = refs;
+	info.ref_count = ref_count;
 	for (ref = fetch_map; ref; ref = ref->next)
 		string_list_append(&ref_names, ref->name);
 	sort_string_list(&ref_names);
diff --git a/remote.h b/remote.h
index 9a30a9d..251d8fd 100644
--- a/remote.h
+++ b/remote.h
@@ -72,6 +72,8 @@
 struct ref *alloc_ref(const char *name);
 struct ref *copy_ref(const struct ref *ref);
 struct ref *copy_ref_list(const struct ref *ref);
+void sort_ref_list(struct ref **, int (*cmp)(const void *, const void *));
+int ref_compare_name(const void *, const void *);
 
 int check_ref_type(const struct ref *ref, int flags);
 
@@ -96,8 +98,8 @@
 char *apply_refspecs(struct refspec *refspecs, int nr_refspec,
 		     const char *name);
 
-int match_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
-	       int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int all);
+int match_push_refs(struct ref *src, struct ref **dst,
+		    int nr_refspec, const char **refspec, int all);
 void set_ref_status_for_push(struct ref *remote_refs, int send_mirror,
 	int force_update);
 
@@ -145,7 +147,8 @@
 enum match_refs_flags {
 	MATCH_REFS_NONE		= 0,
 	MATCH_REFS_ALL 		= (1 << 0),
-	MATCH_REFS_MIRROR	= (1 << 1)
+	MATCH_REFS_MIRROR	= (1 << 1),
+	MATCH_REFS_PRUNE	= (1 << 2)
 };
 
 /* Reporting of tracking info */
@@ -164,6 +167,6 @@
 			      int all);
 
 /* Return refs which no longer exist on remote */
-struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct remote *remote, struct ref *fetch_map);
+struct ref *get_stale_heads(struct refspec *refs, int ref_count, struct ref *fetch_map);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/rerere.c b/rerere.c
index dcb525a..a6a5cd5 100644
--- a/rerere.c
+++ b/rerere.c
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 	return git_path("rr-cache/%s/%s", hex, file);
 }
 
-int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex)
+static int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex)
 {
 	struct stat st;
 	return !stat(rerere_path(hex, "postimage"), &st);
@@ -524,7 +524,7 @@
 				continue;
 			hex = xstrdup(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			string_list_insert(rr, path)->util = hex;
-			if (mkdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex), 0755))
+			if (mkdir_in_gitdir(git_path("rr-cache/%s", hex)))
 				continue;
 			handle_file(path, NULL, rerere_path(hex, "preimage"));
 			fprintf(stderr, "Recorded preimage for '%s'\n", path);
@@ -544,13 +544,13 @@
 
 		if (has_rerere_resolution(name)) {
 			if (!merge(name, path)) {
-				if (rerere_autoupdate)
+				const char *msg;
+				if (rerere_autoupdate) {
 					string_list_insert(&update, path);
-				fprintf(stderr,
-					"%s '%s' using previous resolution.\n",
-					rerere_autoupdate
-					? "Staged" : "Resolved",
-					path);
+					msg = "Staged '%s' using previous resolution.\n";
+				} else
+					msg = "Resolved '%s' using previous resolution.\n";
+				fprintf(stderr, msg, path);
 				goto mark_resolved;
 			}
 		}
diff --git a/rerere.h b/rerere.h
index fcd8bc1..156d2aa 100644
--- a/rerere.h
+++ b/rerere.h
@@ -16,7 +16,6 @@
 extern int setup_rerere(struct string_list *, int);
 extern int rerere(int);
 extern const char *rerere_path(const char *hex, const char *file);
-extern int has_rerere_resolution(const char *hex);
 extern int rerere_forget(const char **);
 extern int rerere_remaining(struct string_list *);
 extern void rerere_clear(struct string_list *);
diff --git a/revision.c b/revision.c
index 8764dde..d7562ee 100644
--- a/revision.c
+++ b/revision.c
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@
 #include "decorate.h"
 #include "log-tree.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
+#include "mailmap.h"
 
 volatile show_early_output_fn_t show_early_output;
 
@@ -139,11 +140,32 @@
 
 void mark_parents_uninteresting(struct commit *commit)
 {
-	struct commit_list *parents = commit->parents;
+	struct commit_list *parents = NULL, *l;
+
+	for (l = commit->parents; l; l = l->next)
+		commit_list_insert(l->item, &parents);
 
 	while (parents) {
 		struct commit *commit = parents->item;
-		if (!(commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)) {
+		l = parents;
+		parents = parents->next;
+		free(l);
+
+		while (commit) {
+			/*
+			 * A missing commit is ok iff its parent is marked
+			 * uninteresting.
+			 *
+			 * We just mark such a thing parsed, so that when
+			 * it is popped next time around, we won't be trying
+			 * to parse it and get an error.
+			 */
+			if (!has_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1))
+				commit->object.parsed = 1;
+
+			if (commit->object.flags & UNINTERESTING)
+				break;
+
 			commit->object.flags |= UNINTERESTING;
 
 			/*
@@ -154,21 +176,13 @@
 			 * wasn't uninteresting), in which case we need
 			 * to mark its parents recursively too..
 			 */
-			if (commit->parents)
-				mark_parents_uninteresting(commit);
-		}
+			if (!commit->parents)
+				break;
 
-		/*
-		 * A missing commit is ok iff its parent is marked
-		 * uninteresting.
-		 *
-		 * We just mark such a thing parsed, so that when
-		 * it is popped next time around, we won't be trying
-		 * to parse it and get an error.
-		 */
-		if (!has_sha1_file(commit->object.sha1))
-			commit->object.parsed = 1;
-		parents = parents->next;
+			for (l = commit->parents->next; l; l = l->next)
+				commit_list_insert(l->item, &parents);
+			commit = commit->parents->item;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -332,6 +346,7 @@
 static void file_add_remove(struct diff_options *options,
 		    int addremove, unsigned mode,
 		    const unsigned char *sha1,
+		    int sha1_valid,
 		    const char *fullpath, unsigned dirty_submodule)
 {
 	int diff = addremove == '+' ? REV_TREE_NEW : REV_TREE_OLD;
@@ -345,6 +360,7 @@
 		 unsigned old_mode, unsigned new_mode,
 		 const unsigned char *old_sha1,
 		 const unsigned char *new_sha1,
+		 int old_sha1_valid, int new_sha1_valid,
 		 const char *fullpath,
 		 unsigned old_dirty_submodule, unsigned new_dirty_submodule)
 {
@@ -416,7 +432,7 @@
 static void try_to_simplify_commit(struct rev_info *revs, struct commit *commit)
 {
 	struct commit_list **pp, *parent;
-	int tree_changed = 0, tree_same = 0;
+	int tree_changed = 0, tree_same = 0, nth_parent = 0;
 
 	/*
 	 * If we don't do pruning, everything is interesting
@@ -444,6 +460,14 @@
 	while ((parent = *pp) != NULL) {
 		struct commit *p = parent->item;
 
+		/*
+		 * Do not compare with later parents when we care only about
+		 * the first parent chain, in order to avoid derailing the
+		 * traversal to follow a side branch that brought everything
+		 * in the path we are limited to by the pathspec.
+		 */
+		if (revs->first_parent_only && nth_parent++)
+			break;
 		if (parse_commit(p) < 0)
 			die("cannot simplify commit %s (because of %s)",
 			    sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1),
@@ -979,7 +1003,7 @@
 		flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 		arg++;
 	}
-	if (get_sha1(arg, sha1))
+	if (get_sha1_committish(arg, sha1))
 		return 0;
 	while (1) {
 		it = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, 0);
@@ -1025,9 +1049,9 @@
 
 	revs->commit_format = CMIT_FMT_DEFAULT;
 
+	init_grep_defaults();
+	grep_init(&revs->grep_filter, prefix);
 	revs->grep_filter.status_only = 1;
-	revs->grep_filter.pattern_tail = &(revs->grep_filter.pattern_list);
-	revs->grep_filter.header_tail = &(revs->grep_filter.header_list);
 	revs->grep_filter.regflags = REG_NEWLINE;
 
 	diff_setup(&revs->diffopt);
@@ -1093,16 +1117,16 @@
 	revs->limited = 1;
 }
 
-int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg_, struct rev_info *revs,
-			int flags,
-			int cant_be_filename)
+int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg_, struct rev_info *revs, int flags, unsigned revarg_opt)
 {
-	unsigned mode;
+	struct object_context oc;
 	char *dotdot;
 	struct object *object;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
 	int local_flags;
 	const char *arg = arg_;
+	int cant_be_filename = revarg_opt & REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME;
+	unsigned get_sha1_flags = 0;
 
 	dotdot = strstr(arg, "..");
 	if (dotdot) {
@@ -1111,17 +1135,29 @@
 		const char *this = arg;
 		int symmetric = *next == '.';
 		unsigned int flags_exclude = flags ^ UNINTERESTING;
+		static const char head_by_default[] = "HEAD";
 		unsigned int a_flags;
 
 		*dotdot = 0;
 		next += symmetric;
 
 		if (!*next)
-			next = "HEAD";
+			next = head_by_default;
 		if (dotdot == arg)
-			this = "HEAD";
-		if (!get_sha1(this, from_sha1) &&
-		    !get_sha1(next, sha1)) {
+			this = head_by_default;
+		if (this == head_by_default && next == head_by_default &&
+		    !symmetric) {
+			/*
+			 * Just ".."?  That is not a range but the
+			 * pathspec for the parent directory.
+			 */
+			if (!cant_be_filename) {
+				*dotdot = '.';
+				return -1;
+			}
+		}
+		if (!get_sha1_committish(this, from_sha1) &&
+		    !get_sha1_committish(next, sha1)) {
 			struct commit *a, *b;
 			struct commit_list *exclude;
 
@@ -1180,13 +1216,17 @@
 		local_flags = UNINTERESTING;
 		arg++;
 	}
-	if (get_sha1_with_mode(arg, sha1, &mode))
+
+	if (revarg_opt & REVARG_COMMITTISH)
+		get_sha1_flags = GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH;
+
+	if (get_sha1_with_context(arg, get_sha1_flags, sha1, &oc))
 		return revs->ignore_missing ? 0 : -1;
 	if (!cant_be_filename)
 		verify_non_filename(revs->prefix, arg);
 	object = get_reference(revs, arg, sha1, flags ^ local_flags);
 	add_rev_cmdline(revs, object, arg_, REV_CMD_REV, flags ^ local_flags);
-	add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, arg, mode);
+	add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, arg, oc.mode);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -1236,7 +1276,7 @@
 			}
 			die("options not supported in --stdin mode");
 		}
-		if (handle_revision_arg(sb.buf, revs, 0, 1))
+		if (handle_revision_arg(sb.buf, revs, 0, REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME))
 			die("bad revision '%s'", sb.buf);
 	}
 	if (seen_dashdash)
@@ -1273,7 +1313,7 @@
 	    !strcmp(arg, "--no-walk") || !strcmp(arg, "--do-walk") ||
 	    !strcmp(arg, "--bisect") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--glob=") ||
 	    !prefixcmp(arg, "--branches=") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--tags=") ||
-	    !prefixcmp(arg, "--remotes="))
+	    !prefixcmp(arg, "--remotes=") || !prefixcmp(arg, "--no-walk="))
 	{
 		unkv[(*unkc)++] = arg;
 		return 1;
@@ -1337,11 +1377,13 @@
 		revs->topo_order = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--simplify-merges")) {
 		revs->simplify_merges = 1;
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
 		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
 		revs->simplify_history = 0;
 		revs->limited = 1;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--simplify-by-decoration")) {
 		revs->simplify_merges = 1;
+		revs->topo_order = 1;
 		revs->rewrite_parents = 1;
 		revs->simplify_history = 0;
 		revs->simplify_by_decoration = 1;
@@ -1469,6 +1511,8 @@
 		revs->show_notes = 1;
 		revs->show_notes_given = 1;
 		revs->notes_opt.use_default_notes = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--show-signature")) {
+		revs->show_signature = 1;
 	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--show-notes=") ||
 		   !prefixcmp(arg, "--notes=")) {
 		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -1552,15 +1596,25 @@
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("committer", argv, &optarg))) {
 		add_header_grep(revs, GREP_HEADER_COMMITTER, optarg);
 		return argcount;
+	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("grep-reflog", argv, &optarg))) {
+		add_header_grep(revs, GREP_HEADER_REFLOG, optarg);
+		return argcount;
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("grep", argv, &optarg))) {
 		add_message_grep(revs, optarg);
 		return argcount;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--grep-debug")) {
+		revs->grep_filter.debug = 1;
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--basic-regexp")) {
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_BRE, &revs->grep_filter);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--extended-regexp") || !strcmp(arg, "-E")) {
-		revs->grep_filter.regflags |= REG_EXTENDED;
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_ERE, &revs->grep_filter);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--regexp-ignore-case") || !strcmp(arg, "-i")) {
 		revs->grep_filter.regflags |= REG_ICASE;
+		DIFF_OPT_SET(&revs->diffopt, PICKAXE_IGNORE_CASE);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--fixed-strings") || !strcmp(arg, "-F")) {
-		revs->grep_filter.fixed = 1;
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_FIXED, &revs->grep_filter);
+	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--perl-regexp")) {
+		grep_set_pattern_type_option(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_PCRE, &revs->grep_filter);
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--all-match")) {
 		revs->grep_filter.all_match = 1;
 	} else if ((argcount = parse_long_opt("encoding", argv, &optarg))) {
@@ -1663,7 +1717,18 @@
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--not")) {
 		*flags ^= UNINTERESTING;
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--no-walk")) {
-		revs->no_walk = 1;
+		revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED;
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(arg, "--no-walk=")) {
+		/*
+		 * Detached form ("--no-walk X" as opposed to "--no-walk=X")
+		 * not allowed, since the argument is optional.
+		 */
+		if (!strcmp(arg + 10, "sorted"))
+			revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED;
+		else if (!strcmp(arg + 10, "unsorted"))
+			revs->no_walk = REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED;
+		else
+			return error("invalid argument to --no-walk");
 	} else if (!strcmp(arg, "--do-walk")) {
 		revs->no_walk = 0;
 	} else {
@@ -1682,7 +1747,7 @@
  */
 int setup_revisions(int argc, const char **argv, struct rev_info *revs, struct setup_revision_opt *opt)
 {
-	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash, read_from_stdin, got_rev_arg = 0;
+	int i, flags, left, seen_dashdash, read_from_stdin, got_rev_arg = 0, revarg_opt;
 	struct cmdline_pathspec prune_data;
 	const char *submodule = NULL;
 
@@ -1691,21 +1756,28 @@
 		submodule = opt->submodule;
 
 	/* First, search for "--" */
-	seen_dashdash = 0;
-	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
-		const char *arg = argv[i];
-		if (strcmp(arg, "--"))
-			continue;
-		argv[i] = NULL;
-		argc = i;
-		if (argv[i + 1])
-			append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i + 1);
+	if (opt && opt->assume_dashdash) {
 		seen_dashdash = 1;
-		break;
+	} else {
+		seen_dashdash = 0;
+		for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
+			const char *arg = argv[i];
+			if (strcmp(arg, "--"))
+				continue;
+			argv[i] = NULL;
+			argc = i;
+			if (argv[i + 1])
+				append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i + 1);
+			seen_dashdash = 1;
+			break;
+		}
 	}
 
 	/* Second, deal with arguments and options */
 	flags = 0;
+	revarg_opt = opt ? opt->revarg_opt : 0;
+	if (seen_dashdash)
+		revarg_opt |= REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME;
 	read_from_stdin = 0;
 	for (left = i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
 		const char *arg = argv[i];
@@ -1741,7 +1813,8 @@
 			continue;
 		}
 
-		if (handle_revision_arg(arg, revs, flags, seen_dashdash)) {
+
+		if (handle_revision_arg(arg, revs, flags, revarg_opt)) {
 			int j;
 			if (seen_dashdash || *arg == '^')
 				die("bad revision '%s'", arg);
@@ -1753,7 +1826,7 @@
 			 * but the latter we have checked in the main loop.
 			 */
 			for (j = i; j < argc; j++)
-				verify_filename(revs->prefix, argv[j]);
+				verify_filename(revs->prefix, argv[j], j == i);
 
 			append_prune_data(&prune_data, argv + i);
 			break;
@@ -1792,11 +1865,11 @@
 	if (revs->def && !revs->pending.nr && !got_rev_arg) {
 		unsigned char sha1[20];
 		struct object *object;
-		unsigned mode;
-		if (get_sha1_with_mode(revs->def, sha1, &mode))
+		struct object_context oc;
+		if (get_sha1_with_context(revs->def, 0, sha1, &oc))
 			die("bad default revision '%s'", revs->def);
 		object = get_reference(revs, revs->def, sha1, 0);
-		add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, revs->def, mode);
+		add_pending_object_with_mode(revs, object, revs->def, oc.mode);
 	}
 
 	/* Did the user ask for any diff output? Run the diff! */
@@ -1823,9 +1896,10 @@
 	if (revs->combine_merges)
 		revs->ignore_merges = 0;
 	revs->diffopt.abbrev = revs->abbrev;
-	if (diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt) < 0)
-		die("diff_setup_done failed");
+	diff_setup_done(&revs->diffopt);
 
+	grep_commit_pattern_type(GREP_PATTERN_TYPE_UNSPECIFIED,
+				 &revs->grep_filter);
 	compile_grep_patterns(&revs->grep_filter);
 
 	if (revs->reverse && revs->reflog_info)
@@ -1841,6 +1915,8 @@
 
 	if (revs->reflog_info && revs->graph)
 		die("cannot combine --walk-reflogs with --graph");
+	if (!revs->reflog_info && revs->grep_filter.use_reflog_filter)
+		die("cannot use --grep-reflog without --walk-reflogs");
 
 	return left;
 }
@@ -1919,8 +1995,9 @@
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Do we know what commit all of our parents should be rewritten to?
-	 * Otherwise we are not ready to rewrite this one yet.
+	 * Do we know what commit all of our parents that matter
+	 * should be rewritten to?  Otherwise we are not ready to
+	 * rewrite this one yet.
 	 */
 	for (cnt = 0, p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
 		pst = locate_simplify_state(revs, p->item);
@@ -1928,6 +2005,8 @@
 			tail = &commit_list_insert(p->item, tail)->next;
 			cnt++;
 		}
+		if (revs->first_parent_only)
+			break;
 	}
 	if (cnt) {
 		tail = &commit_list_insert(commit, tail)->next;
@@ -1940,8 +2019,13 @@
 	for (p = commit->parents; p; p = p->next) {
 		pst = locate_simplify_state(revs, p->item);
 		p->item = pst->simplified;
+		if (revs->first_parent_only)
+			break;
 	}
-	cnt = remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
+	if (!revs->first_parent_only)
+		cnt = remove_duplicate_parents(commit);
+	else
+		cnt = 1;
 
 	/*
 	 * It is possible that we are a merge and one side branch
@@ -1985,25 +2069,31 @@
 
 static void simplify_merges(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
-	struct commit_list *list;
+	struct commit_list *list, *next;
 	struct commit_list *yet_to_do, **tail;
+	struct commit *commit;
 
-	if (!revs->topo_order)
-		sort_in_topological_order(&revs->commits, revs->lifo);
 	if (!revs->prune)
 		return;
 
 	/* feed the list reversed */
 	yet_to_do = NULL;
-	for (list = revs->commits; list; list = list->next)
-		commit_list_insert(list->item, &yet_to_do);
+	for (list = revs->commits; list; list = next) {
+		commit = list->item;
+		next = list->next;
+		/*
+		 * Do not free(list) here yet; the original list
+		 * is used later in this function.
+		 */
+		commit_list_insert(commit, &yet_to_do);
+	}
 	while (yet_to_do) {
 		list = yet_to_do;
 		yet_to_do = NULL;
 		tail = &yet_to_do;
 		while (list) {
-			struct commit *commit = list->item;
-			struct commit_list *next = list->next;
+			commit = list->item;
+			next = list->next;
 			free(list);
 			list = next;
 			tail = simplify_one(revs, commit, tail);
@@ -2015,9 +2105,10 @@
 	revs->commits = NULL;
 	tail = &revs->commits;
 	while (list) {
-		struct commit *commit = list->item;
-		struct commit_list *next = list->next;
 		struct merge_simplify_state *st;
+
+		commit = list->item;
+		next = list->next;
 		free(list);
 		list = next;
 		st = locate_simplify_state(revs, commit);
@@ -2038,10 +2129,16 @@
 	}
 }
 
+void reset_revision_walk(void)
+{
+	clear_object_flags(SEEN | ADDED | SHOWN);
+}
+
 int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs)
 {
 	int nr = revs->pending.nr;
 	struct object_array_entry *e, *list;
+	struct commit_list **next = &revs->commits;
 
 	e = list = revs->pending.objects;
 	revs->pending.nr = 0;
@@ -2052,7 +2149,7 @@
 		if (commit) {
 			if (!(commit->object.flags & SEEN)) {
 				commit->object.flags |= SEEN;
-				commit_list_insert_by_date(commit, &revs->commits);
+				next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
 			}
 		}
 		e++;
@@ -2060,6 +2157,8 @@
 	if (!revs->leak_pending)
 		free(list);
 
+	if (revs->no_walk != REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED)
+		commit_list_sort_by_date(&revs->commits);
 	if (revs->no_walk)
 		return 0;
 	if (revs->limited)
@@ -2121,13 +2220,93 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+static int commit_rewrite_person(struct strbuf *buf, const char *what, struct string_list *mailmap)
+{
+	char *person, *endp;
+	size_t len, namelen, maillen;
+	const char *name;
+	const char *mail;
+	struct ident_split ident;
+
+	person = strstr(buf->buf, what);
+	if (!person)
+		return 0;
+
+	person += strlen(what);
+	endp = strchr(person, '\n');
+	if (!endp)
+		return 0;
+
+	len = endp - person;
+
+	if (split_ident_line(&ident, person, len))
+		return 0;
+
+	mail = ident.mail_begin;
+	maillen = ident.mail_end - ident.mail_begin;
+	name = ident.name_begin;
+	namelen = ident.name_end - ident.name_begin;
+
+	if (map_user(mailmap, &mail, &maillen, &name, &namelen)) {
+		struct strbuf namemail = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+		strbuf_addf(&namemail, "%.*s <%.*s>",
+			    (int)namelen, name, (int)maillen, mail);
+
+		strbuf_splice(buf, ident.name_begin - buf->buf,
+			      ident.mail_end - ident.name_begin + 1,
+			      namemail.buf, namemail.len);
+
+		strbuf_release(&namemail);
+
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
 static int commit_match(struct commit *commit, struct rev_info *opt)
 {
+	int retval;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!opt->grep_filter.pattern_list && !opt->grep_filter.header_list)
 		return 1;
-	return grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter,
-			   NULL, /* we say nothing, not even filename */
-			   commit->buffer, strlen(commit->buffer));
+
+	/* Prepend "fake" headers as needed */
+	if (opt->grep_filter.use_reflog_filter) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, "reflog ");
+		get_reflog_message(&buf, opt->reflog_info);
+		strbuf_addch(&buf, '\n');
+	}
+
+	/* Copy the commit to temporary if we are using "fake" headers */
+	if (buf.len)
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, commit->buffer);
+
+	if (opt->grep_filter.header_list && opt->mailmap) {
+		if (!buf.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, commit->buffer);
+
+		commit_rewrite_person(&buf, "\nauthor ", opt->mailmap);
+		commit_rewrite_person(&buf, "\ncommitter ", opt->mailmap);
+	}
+
+	/* Append "fake" message parts as needed */
+	if (opt->show_notes) {
+		if (!buf.len)
+			strbuf_addstr(&buf, commit->buffer);
+		format_display_notes(commit->object.sha1, &buf,
+				     get_log_output_encoding(), 1);
+	}
+
+	/* Find either in the commit object, or in the temporary */
+	if (buf.len)
+		retval = grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	else
+		retval = grep_buffer(&opt->grep_filter,
+				     commit->buffer, strlen(commit->buffer));
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return retval;
 }
 
 static inline int want_ancestry(struct rev_info *revs)
@@ -2310,29 +2489,28 @@
 	}
 
 	/*
-	 * Now pick up what they want to give us
+	 * If our max_count counter has reached zero, then we are done. We
+	 * don't simply return NULL because we still might need to show
+	 * boundary commits. But we want to avoid calling get_revision_1, which
+	 * might do a considerable amount of work finding the next commit only
+	 * for us to throw it away.
+	 *
+	 * If it is non-zero, then either we don't have a max_count at all
+	 * (-1), or it is still counting, in which case we decrement.
 	 */
-	c = get_revision_1(revs);
-	if (c) {
-		while (0 < revs->skip_count) {
-			revs->skip_count--;
-			c = get_revision_1(revs);
-			if (!c)
-				break;
+	if (revs->max_count) {
+		c = get_revision_1(revs);
+		if (c) {
+			while (0 < revs->skip_count) {
+				revs->skip_count--;
+				c = get_revision_1(revs);
+				if (!c)
+					break;
+			}
 		}
-	}
 
-	/*
-	 * Check the max_count.
-	 */
-	switch (revs->max_count) {
-	case -1:
-		break;
-	case 0:
-		c = NULL;
-		break;
-	default:
-		revs->max_count--;
+		if (revs->max_count > 0)
+			revs->max_count--;
 	}
 
 	if (c)
diff --git a/revision.h b/revision.h
index 6aa53d1..5da09ee 100644
--- a/revision.h
+++ b/revision.h
@@ -41,6 +41,10 @@
 	} *rev;
 };
 
+#define REVISION_WALK_WALK 0
+#define REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_SORTED 1
+#define REVISION_WALK_NO_WALK_UNSORTED 2
+
 struct rev_info {
 	/* Starting list */
 	struct commit_list *commits;
@@ -62,7 +66,7 @@
 	/* Traversal flags */
 	unsigned int	dense:1,
 			prune:1,
-			no_walk:1,
+			no_walk:2,
 			show_all:1,
 			remove_empty_trees:1,
 			simplify_history:1,
@@ -107,9 +111,11 @@
 
 	/* Format info */
 	unsigned int	shown_one:1,
+			shown_dashes:1,
 			show_merge:1,
 			show_notes:1,
 			show_notes_given:1,
+			show_signature:1,
 			pretty_given:1,
 			abbrev_commit:1,
 			abbrev_commit_given:1,
@@ -129,6 +135,7 @@
 	const char	*mime_boundary;
 	const char	*patch_suffix;
 	int		numbered_files;
+	int		reroll_count;
 	char		*message_id;
 	struct string_list *ref_message_ids;
 	const char	*add_signoff;
@@ -137,6 +144,7 @@
 	const char	*subject_prefix;
 	int		no_inline;
 	int		show_log_size;
+	struct string_list *mailmap;
 
 	/* Filter by commit log message */
 	struct grep_opt	grep_filter;
@@ -182,6 +190,8 @@
 	const char *def;
 	void (*tweak)(struct rev_info *, struct setup_revision_opt *);
 	const char *submodule;
+	int assume_dashdash;
+	unsigned revarg_opt;
 };
 
 extern void init_revisions(struct rev_info *revs, const char *prefix);
@@ -189,8 +199,11 @@
 extern void parse_revision_opt(struct rev_info *revs, struct parse_opt_ctx_t *ctx,
 				 const struct option *options,
 				 const char * const usagestr[]);
-extern int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs,int flags,int cant_be_filename);
+#define REVARG_CANNOT_BE_FILENAME 01
+#define REVARG_COMMITTISH 02
+extern int handle_revision_arg(const char *arg, struct rev_info *revs, int flags, unsigned revarg_opt);
 
+extern void reset_revision_walk(void);
 extern int prepare_revision_walk(struct rev_info *revs);
 extern struct commit *get_revision(struct rev_info *revs);
 extern char *get_revision_mark(const struct rev_info *revs, const struct commit *commit);
diff --git a/run-command.c b/run-command.c
index 1c51043..12d4ddb 100644
--- a/run-command.c
+++ b/run-command.c
@@ -1,8 +1,71 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
 #include "argv-array.h"
 
+#ifndef SHELL_PATH
+# define SHELL_PATH "/bin/sh"
+#endif
+
+struct child_to_clean {
+	pid_t pid;
+	struct child_to_clean *next;
+};
+static struct child_to_clean *children_to_clean;
+static int installed_child_cleanup_handler;
+
+static void cleanup_children(int sig)
+{
+	while (children_to_clean) {
+		struct child_to_clean *p = children_to_clean;
+		children_to_clean = p->next;
+		kill(p->pid, sig);
+		free(p);
+	}
+}
+
+static void cleanup_children_on_signal(int sig)
+{
+	cleanup_children(sig);
+	sigchain_pop(sig);
+	raise(sig);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_children_on_exit(void)
+{
+	cleanup_children(SIGTERM);
+}
+
+static void mark_child_for_cleanup(pid_t pid)
+{
+	struct child_to_clean *p = xmalloc(sizeof(*p));
+	p->pid = pid;
+	p->next = children_to_clean;
+	children_to_clean = p;
+
+	if (!installed_child_cleanup_handler) {
+		atexit(cleanup_children_on_exit);
+		sigchain_push_common(cleanup_children_on_signal);
+		installed_child_cleanup_handler = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static void clear_child_for_cleanup(pid_t pid)
+{
+	struct child_to_clean **pp;
+
+	for (pp = &children_to_clean; *pp; pp = &(*pp)->next) {
+		struct child_to_clean *clean_me = *pp;
+
+		if (clean_me->pid == pid) {
+			*pp = clean_me->next;
+			free(clean_me);
+			return;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
 static inline void close_pair(int fd[2])
 {
 	close(fd[0]);
@@ -18,6 +81,70 @@
 }
 #endif
 
+static char *locate_in_PATH(const char *file)
+{
+	const char *p = getenv("PATH");
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (!p || !*p)
+		return NULL;
+
+	while (1) {
+		const char *end = strchrnul(p, ':');
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+
+		/* POSIX specifies an empty entry as the current directory. */
+		if (end != p) {
+			strbuf_add(&buf, p, end - p);
+			strbuf_addch(&buf, '/');
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, file);
+
+		if (!access(buf.buf, F_OK))
+			return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+
+		if (!*end)
+			break;
+		p = end + 1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int exists_in_PATH(const char *file)
+{
+	char *r = locate_in_PATH(file);
+	free(r);
+	return r != NULL;
+}
+
+int sane_execvp(const char *file, char * const argv[])
+{
+	if (!execvp(file, argv))
+		return 0; /* cannot happen ;-) */
+
+	/*
+	 * When a command can't be found because one of the directories
+	 * listed in $PATH is unsearchable, execvp reports EACCES, but
+	 * careful usability testing (read: analysis of occasional bug
+	 * reports) reveals that "No such file or directory" is more
+	 * intuitive.
+	 *
+	 * We avoid commands with "/", because execvp will not do $PATH
+	 * lookups in that case.
+	 *
+	 * The reassignment of EACCES to errno looks like a no-op below,
+	 * but we need to protect against exists_in_PATH overwriting errno.
+	 */
+	if (errno == EACCES && !strchr(file, '/'))
+		errno = exists_in_PATH(file) ? EACCES : ENOENT;
+	else if (errno == ENOTDIR && !strchr(file, '/'))
+		errno = ENOENT;
+	return -1;
+}
+
 static const char **prepare_shell_cmd(const char **argv)
 {
 	int argc, nargc = 0;
@@ -32,7 +159,11 @@
 		die("BUG: shell command is empty");
 
 	if (strcspn(argv[0], "|&;<>()$`\\\"' \t\n*?[#~=%") != strlen(argv[0])) {
+#ifndef WIN32
+		nargv[nargc++] = SHELL_PATH;
+#else
 		nargv[nargc++] = "sh";
+#endif
 		nargv[nargc++] = "-c";
 
 		if (argc < 2)
@@ -56,7 +187,7 @@
 {
 	const char **nargv = prepare_shell_cmd(argv);
 	trace_argv_printf(nargv, "trace: exec:");
-	execvp(nargv[0], (char **)nargv);
+	sane_execvp(nargv[0], (char **)nargv);
 	free(nargv);
 	return -1;
 }
@@ -95,7 +226,7 @@
 		fcntl(fd, F_SETFD, flags | FD_CLOEXEC);
 }
 
-static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0, int silent_exec_failure)
+static int wait_or_whine(pid_t pid, const char *argv0)
 {
 	int status, code = -1;
 	pid_t waiting;
@@ -111,13 +242,14 @@
 		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
 	} else if (WIFSIGNALED(status)) {
 		code = WTERMSIG(status);
-		error("%s died of signal %d", argv0, code);
+		if (code != SIGINT && code != SIGQUIT)
+			error("%s died of signal %d", argv0, code);
 		/*
 		 * This return value is chosen so that code & 0xff
 		 * mimics the exit code that a POSIX shell would report for
 		 * a program that died from this signal.
 		 */
-		code -= 128;
+		code += 128;
 	} else if (WIFEXITED(status)) {
 		code = WEXITSTATUS(status);
 		/*
@@ -130,6 +262,9 @@
 	} else {
 		error("waitpid is confused (%s)", argv0);
 	}
+
+	clear_child_for_cleanup(pid);
+
 	errno = failed_errno;
 	return code;
 }
@@ -263,22 +398,12 @@
 					unsetenv(*cmd->env);
 			}
 		}
-		if (cmd->preexec_cb) {
-			/*
-			 * We cannot predict what the pre-exec callback does.
-			 * Forgo parent notification.
-			 */
-			close(child_notifier);
-			child_notifier = -1;
-
-			cmd->preexec_cb();
-		}
 		if (cmd->git_cmd) {
 			execv_git_cmd(cmd->argv);
 		} else if (cmd->use_shell) {
 			execv_shell_cmd(cmd->argv);
 		} else {
-			execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
+			sane_execvp(cmd->argv[0], (char *const*) cmd->argv);
 		}
 		if (errno == ENOENT) {
 			if (!cmd->silent_exec_failure)
@@ -292,6 +417,8 @@
 	if (cmd->pid < 0)
 		error("cannot fork() for %s: %s", cmd->argv[0],
 			strerror(failed_errno = errno));
+	else if (cmd->clean_on_exit)
+		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid);
 
 	/*
 	 * Wait for child's execvp. If the execvp succeeds (or if fork()
@@ -306,12 +433,12 @@
 		 * At this point we know that fork() succeeded, but execvp()
 		 * failed. Errors have been reported to our stderr.
 		 */
-		wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0],
-			      cmd->silent_exec_failure);
+		wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0]);
 		failed_errno = errno;
 		cmd->pid = -1;
 	}
 	close(notify_pipe[0]);
+
 }
 #else
 {
@@ -356,6 +483,8 @@
 	failed_errno = errno;
 	if (cmd->pid < 0 && (!cmd->silent_exec_failure || errno != ENOENT))
 		error("cannot spawn %s: %s", cmd->argv[0], strerror(errno));
+	if (cmd->clean_on_exit && cmd->pid >= 0)
+		mark_child_for_cleanup(cmd->pid);
 
 	if (cmd->env)
 		free_environ(env);
@@ -409,7 +538,7 @@
 
 int finish_command(struct child_process *cmd)
 {
-	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0], cmd->silent_exec_failure);
+	return wait_or_whine(cmd->pid, cmd->argv[0]);
 }
 
 int run_command(struct child_process *cmd)
@@ -431,6 +560,7 @@
 	cmd->stdout_to_stderr = opt & RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR ? 1 : 0;
 	cmd->silent_exec_failure = opt & RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE ? 1 : 0;
 	cmd->use_shell = opt & RUN_USING_SHELL ? 1 : 0;
+	cmd->clean_on_exit = opt & RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT ? 1 : 0;
 }
 
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt)
@@ -540,6 +670,8 @@
 		exit(!!async->proc(proc_in, proc_out, async->data));
 	}
 
+	mark_child_for_cleanup(async->pid);
+
 	if (need_in)
 		close(fdin[0]);
 	else if (async->in)
@@ -593,7 +725,7 @@
 int finish_async(struct async *async)
 {
 #ifdef NO_PTHREADS
-	return wait_or_whine(async->pid, "child process", 0);
+	return wait_or_whine(async->pid, "child process");
 #else
 	void *ret = (void *)(intptr_t)(-1);
 
@@ -603,6 +735,15 @@
 #endif
 }
 
+char *find_hook(const char *name)
+{
+	char *path = git_path("hooks/%s", name);
+	if (access(path, X_OK) < 0)
+		path = NULL;
+
+	return path;
+}
+
 int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...)
 {
 	struct child_process hook;
@@ -612,11 +753,13 @@
 	va_list args;
 	int ret;
 
-	if (access(git_path("hooks/%s", name), X_OK) < 0)
+	p = find_hook(name);
+	if (!p)
 		return 0;
 
+	argv_array_push(&argv, p);
+
 	va_start(args, name);
-	argv_array_push(&argv, git_path("hooks/%s", name));
 	while ((p = va_arg(args, const char *)))
 		argv_array_push(&argv, p);
 	va_end(args);
diff --git a/run-command.h b/run-command.h
index 56491b9..221ce33 100644
--- a/run-command.h
+++ b/run-command.h
@@ -38,13 +38,14 @@
 	unsigned silent_exec_failure:1;
 	unsigned stdout_to_stderr:1;
 	unsigned use_shell:1;
-	void (*preexec_cb)(void);
+	unsigned clean_on_exit:1;
 };
 
 int start_command(struct child_process *);
 int finish_command(struct child_process *);
 int run_command(struct child_process *);
 
+extern char *find_hook(const char *name);
 extern int run_hook(const char *index_file, const char *name, ...);
 
 #define RUN_COMMAND_NO_STDIN 1
@@ -52,6 +53,7 @@
 #define RUN_COMMAND_STDOUT_TO_STDERR 4
 #define RUN_SILENT_EXEC_FAILURE 8
 #define RUN_USING_SHELL 16
+#define RUN_CLEAN_ON_EXIT 32
 int run_command_v_opt(const char **argv, int opt);
 
 /*
diff --git a/send-pack.c b/send-pack.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97ab336
--- /dev/null
+++ b/send-pack.c
@@ -0,0 +1,347 @@
+#include "builtin.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "pkt-line.h"
+#include "sideband.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "remote.h"
+#include "send-pack.h"
+#include "quote.h"
+#include "transport.h"
+#include "version.h"
+
+static int feed_object(const unsigned char *sha1, int fd, int negative)
+{
+	char buf[42];
+
+	if (negative && !has_sha1_file(sha1))
+		return 1;
+
+	memcpy(buf + negative, sha1_to_hex(sha1), 40);
+	if (negative)
+		buf[0] = '^';
+	buf[40 + negative] = '\n';
+	return write_or_whine(fd, buf, 41 + negative, "send-pack: send refs");
+}
+
+/*
+ * Make a pack stream and spit it out into file descriptor fd
+ */
+static int pack_objects(int fd, struct ref *refs, struct extra_have_objects *extra, struct send_pack_args *args)
+{
+	/*
+	 * The child becomes pack-objects --revs; we feed
+	 * the revision parameters to it via its stdin and
+	 * let its stdout go back to the other end.
+	 */
+	const char *argv[] = {
+		"pack-objects",
+		"--all-progress-implied",
+		"--revs",
+		"--stdout",
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+		NULL,
+	};
+	struct child_process po;
+	int i;
+
+	i = 4;
+	if (args->use_thin_pack)
+		argv[i++] = "--thin";
+	if (args->use_ofs_delta)
+		argv[i++] = "--delta-base-offset";
+	if (args->quiet || !args->progress)
+		argv[i++] = "-q";
+	if (args->progress)
+		argv[i++] = "--progress";
+	memset(&po, 0, sizeof(po));
+	po.argv = argv;
+	po.in = -1;
+	po.out = args->stateless_rpc ? -1 : fd;
+	po.git_cmd = 1;
+	if (start_command(&po))
+		die_errno("git pack-objects failed");
+
+	/*
+	 * We feed the pack-objects we just spawned with revision
+	 * parameters by writing to the pipe.
+	 */
+	for (i = 0; i < extra->nr; i++)
+		if (!feed_object(extra->array[i], po.in, 1))
+			break;
+
+	while (refs) {
+		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->old_sha1) &&
+		    !feed_object(refs->old_sha1, po.in, 1))
+			break;
+		if (!is_null_sha1(refs->new_sha1) &&
+		    !feed_object(refs->new_sha1, po.in, 0))
+			break;
+		refs = refs->next;
+	}
+
+	close(po.in);
+
+	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
+		char *buf = xmalloc(LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		while (1) {
+			ssize_t n = xread(po.out, buf, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+			if (n <= 0)
+				break;
+			send_sideband(fd, -1, buf, n, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		}
+		free(buf);
+		close(po.out);
+		po.out = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (finish_command(&po))
+		return -1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int receive_status(int in, struct ref *refs)
+{
+	struct ref *hint;
+	char line[1000];
+	int ret = 0;
+	int len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
+	if (len < 10 || memcmp(line, "unpack ", 7))
+		return error("did not receive remote status");
+	if (memcmp(line, "unpack ok\n", 10)) {
+		char *p = line + strlen(line) - 1;
+		if (*p == '\n')
+			*p = '\0';
+		error("unpack failed: %s", line + 7);
+		ret = -1;
+	}
+	hint = NULL;
+	while (1) {
+		char *refname;
+		char *msg;
+		len = packet_read_line(in, line, sizeof(line));
+		if (!len)
+			break;
+		if (len < 3 ||
+		    (memcmp(line, "ok ", 3) && memcmp(line, "ng ", 3))) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "protocol error: %s\n", line);
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		line[strlen(line)-1] = '\0';
+		refname = line + 3;
+		msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
+		if (msg)
+			*msg++ = '\0';
+
+		/* first try searching at our hint, falling back to all refs */
+		if (hint)
+			hint = find_ref_by_name(hint, refname);
+		if (!hint)
+			hint = find_ref_by_name(refs, refname);
+		if (!hint) {
+			warning("remote reported status on unknown ref: %s",
+					refname);
+			continue;
+		}
+		if (hint->status != REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT) {
+			warning("remote reported status on unexpected ref: %s",
+					refname);
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (line[0] == 'o' && line[1] == 'k')
+			hint->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
+		else {
+			hint->status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
+			ret = -1;
+		}
+		if (msg)
+			hint->remote_status = xstrdup(msg);
+		/* start our next search from the next ref */
+		hint = hint->next;
+	}
+	return ret;
+}
+
+static int sideband_demux(int in, int out, void *data)
+{
+	int *fd = data, ret;
+#ifdef NO_PTHREADS
+	close(fd[1]);
+#endif
+	ret = recv_sideband("send-pack", fd[0], out);
+	close(out);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
+	      int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+	      struct ref *remote_refs,
+	      struct extra_have_objects *extra_have)
+{
+	int in = fd[0];
+	int out = fd[1];
+	struct strbuf req_buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct ref *ref;
+	int new_refs;
+	int allow_deleting_refs = 0;
+	int status_report = 0;
+	int use_sideband = 0;
+	int quiet_supported = 0;
+	int agent_supported = 0;
+	unsigned cmds_sent = 0;
+	int ret;
+	struct async demux;
+
+	/* Does the other end support the reporting? */
+	if (server_supports("report-status"))
+		status_report = 1;
+	if (server_supports("delete-refs"))
+		allow_deleting_refs = 1;
+	if (server_supports("ofs-delta"))
+		args->use_ofs_delta = 1;
+	if (server_supports("side-band-64k"))
+		use_sideband = 1;
+	if (server_supports("quiet"))
+		quiet_supported = 1;
+	if (server_supports("agent"))
+		agent_supported = 1;
+
+	if (!remote_refs) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "No refs in common and none specified; doing nothing.\n"
+			"Perhaps you should specify a branch such as 'master'.\n");
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Finally, tell the other end!
+	 */
+	new_refs = 0;
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		if (!ref->peer_ref && !args->send_mirror)
+			continue;
+
+		/* Check for statuses set by set_ref_status_for_push() */
+		switch (ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+			continue;
+		default:
+			; /* do nothing */
+		}
+
+		if (ref->deletion && !allow_deleting_refs) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NODELETE;
+			continue;
+		}
+
+		if (!ref->deletion)
+			new_refs++;
+
+		if (args->dry_run) {
+			ref->status = REF_STATUS_OK;
+		} else {
+			char *old_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->old_sha1);
+			char *new_hex = sha1_to_hex(ref->new_sha1);
+			int quiet = quiet_supported && (args->quiet || !args->progress);
+
+			if (!cmds_sent && (status_report || use_sideband ||
+					   quiet || agent_supported)) {
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf,
+						 "%s %s %s%c%s%s%s%s%s",
+						 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name, 0,
+						 status_report ? " report-status" : "",
+						 use_sideband ? " side-band-64k" : "",
+						 quiet ? " quiet" : "",
+						 agent_supported ? " agent=" : "",
+						 agent_supported ? git_user_agent_sanitized() : ""
+						);
+			}
+			else
+				packet_buf_write(&req_buf, "%s %s %s",
+						 old_hex, new_hex, ref->name);
+			ref->status = status_report ?
+				REF_STATUS_EXPECTING_REPORT :
+				REF_STATUS_OK;
+			cmds_sent++;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (args->stateless_rpc) {
+		if (!args->dry_run && cmds_sent) {
+			packet_buf_flush(&req_buf);
+			send_sideband(out, -1, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len, LARGE_PACKET_MAX);
+		}
+	} else {
+		safe_write(out, req_buf.buf, req_buf.len);
+		packet_flush(out);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&req_buf);
+
+	if (use_sideband && cmds_sent) {
+		memset(&demux, 0, sizeof(demux));
+		demux.proc = sideband_demux;
+		demux.data = fd;
+		demux.out = -1;
+		if (start_async(&demux))
+			die("send-pack: unable to fork off sideband demultiplexer");
+		in = demux.out;
+	}
+
+	if (new_refs && cmds_sent) {
+		if (pack_objects(out, remote_refs, extra_have, args) < 0) {
+			for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				ref->status = REF_STATUS_NONE;
+			if (args->stateless_rpc)
+				close(out);
+			if (git_connection_is_socket(conn))
+				shutdown(fd[0], SHUT_WR);
+			if (use_sideband)
+				finish_async(&demux);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	if (args->stateless_rpc && cmds_sent)
+		packet_flush(out);
+
+	if (status_report && cmds_sent)
+		ret = receive_status(in, remote_refs);
+	else
+		ret = 0;
+	if (args->stateless_rpc)
+		packet_flush(out);
+
+	if (use_sideband && cmds_sent) {
+		if (finish_async(&demux)) {
+			error("error in sideband demultiplexer");
+			ret = -1;
+		}
+		close(demux.out);
+	}
+
+	if (ret < 0)
+		return ret;
+
+	if (args->porcelain)
+		return 0;
+
+	for (ref = remote_refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
+		switch (ref->status) {
+		case REF_STATUS_NONE:
+		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
+		case REF_STATUS_OK:
+			break;
+		default:
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/sequencer.c b/sequencer.c
index bc2c046..aef5e8a 100644
--- a/sequencer.c
+++ b/sequencer.c
@@ -1,19 +1,1082 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "sequencer.h"
-#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "object.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "tag.h"
+#include "run-command.h"
+#include "exec_cmd.h"
+#include "utf8.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+#include "rerere.h"
+#include "merge-recursive.h"
+#include "refs.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
-void remove_sequencer_state(int aggressive)
+#define GIT_REFLOG_ACTION "GIT_REFLOG_ACTION"
+
+const char sign_off_header[] = "Signed-off-by: ";
+
+static void remove_sequencer_state(void)
 {
 	struct strbuf seq_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct strbuf seq_old_dir = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&seq_dir, "%s", git_path(SEQ_DIR));
-	strbuf_addf(&seq_old_dir, "%s", git_path(SEQ_OLD_DIR));
-	remove_dir_recursively(&seq_old_dir, 0);
-	rename(git_path(SEQ_DIR), git_path(SEQ_OLD_DIR));
-	if (aggressive)
-		remove_dir_recursively(&seq_old_dir, 0);
+	remove_dir_recursively(&seq_dir, 0);
 	strbuf_release(&seq_dir);
-	strbuf_release(&seq_old_dir);
+}
+
+static const char *action_name(const struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	return opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
+}
+
+static char *get_encoding(const char *message);
+
+struct commit_message {
+	char *parent_label;
+	const char *label;
+	const char *subject;
+	char *reencoded_message;
+	const char *message;
+};
+
+static int get_message(struct commit *commit, struct commit_message *out)
+{
+	const char *encoding;
+	const char *abbrev, *subject;
+	int abbrev_len, subject_len;
+	char *q;
+
+	if (!commit->buffer)
+		return -1;
+	encoding = get_encoding(commit->buffer);
+	if (!encoding)
+		encoding = "UTF-8";
+	if (!git_commit_encoding)
+		git_commit_encoding = "UTF-8";
+
+	out->reencoded_message = NULL;
+	out->message = commit->buffer;
+	if (same_encoding(encoding, git_commit_encoding))
+		out->reencoded_message = reencode_string(commit->buffer,
+					git_commit_encoding, encoding);
+	if (out->reencoded_message)
+		out->message = out->reencoded_message;
+
+	abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+	abbrev_len = strlen(abbrev);
+
+	subject_len = find_commit_subject(out->message, &subject);
+
+	out->parent_label = xmalloc(strlen("parent of ") + abbrev_len +
+			      strlen("... ") + subject_len + 1);
+	q = out->parent_label;
+	q = mempcpy(q, "parent of ", strlen("parent of "));
+	out->label = q;
+	q = mempcpy(q, abbrev, abbrev_len);
+	q = mempcpy(q, "... ", strlen("... "));
+	out->subject = q;
+	q = mempcpy(q, subject, subject_len);
+	*q = '\0';
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void free_message(struct commit_message *msg)
+{
+	free(msg->parent_label);
+	free(msg->reencoded_message);
+}
+
+static char *get_encoding(const char *message)
+{
+	const char *p = message, *eol;
+
+	while (*p && *p != '\n') {
+		for (eol = p + 1; *eol && *eol != '\n'; eol++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		if (!prefixcmp(p, "encoding ")) {
+			char *result = xmalloc(eol - 8 - p);
+			strlcpy(result, p + 9, eol - 8 - p);
+			return result;
+		}
+		p = eol;
+		if (*p == '\n')
+			p++;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static void write_cherry_pick_head(struct commit *commit, const char *pseudoref)
+{
+	const char *filename;
+	int fd;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+	filename = git_path("%s", pseudoref);
+	fd = open(filename, O_WRONLY | O_CREAT, 0666);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not open '%s' for writing"), filename);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len || close(fd))
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to '%s'"), filename);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void print_advice(int show_hint, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	char *msg = getenv("GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP");
+
+	if (msg) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg);
+		/*
+		 * A conflict has occured but the porcelain
+		 * (typically rebase --interactive) wants to take care
+		 * of the commit itself so remove CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+		 */
+		unlink(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"));
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (show_hint) {
+		if (opts->no_commit)
+			advise(_("after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+				 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'"));
+		else
+			advise(_("after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths\n"
+				 "with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'\n"
+				 "and commit the result with 'git commit'"));
+	}
+}
+
+static void write_message(struct strbuf *msgbuf, const char *filename)
+{
+	static struct lock_file msg_file;
+
+	int msg_fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&msg_file, filename,
+					       LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	if (write_in_full(msg_fd, msgbuf->buf, msgbuf->len) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), filename);
+	strbuf_release(msgbuf);
+	if (commit_lock_file(&msg_file) < 0)
+		die(_("Error wrapping up %s"), filename);
+}
+
+static struct tree *empty_tree(void)
+{
+	return lookup_tree(EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+}
+
+static int error_dirty_index(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	if (read_cache_unmerged())
+		return error_resolve_conflict(action_name(opts));
+
+	/* Different translation strings for cherry-pick and revert */
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK)
+		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by cherry-pick."));
+	else
+		error(_("Your local changes would be overwritten by revert."));
+
+	if (advice_commit_before_merge)
+		advise(_("Commit your changes or stash them to proceed."));
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static int fast_forward_to(const unsigned char *to, const unsigned char *from,
+			   int unborn)
+{
+	struct ref_lock *ref_lock;
+
+	read_cache();
+	if (checkout_fast_forward(from, to, 1))
+		exit(1); /* the callee should have complained already */
+	ref_lock = lock_any_ref_for_update("HEAD", unborn ? null_sha1 : from, 0);
+	return write_ref_sha1(ref_lock, to, "cherry-pick");
+}
+
+static int do_recursive_merge(struct commit *base, struct commit *next,
+			      const char *base_label, const char *next_label,
+			      unsigned char *head, struct strbuf *msgbuf,
+			      struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct merge_options o;
+	struct tree *result, *next_tree, *base_tree, *head_tree;
+	int clean, index_fd;
+	const char **xopt;
+	static struct lock_file index_lock;
+
+	index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+
+	read_cache();
+
+	init_merge_options(&o);
+	o.ancestor = base ? base_label : "(empty tree)";
+	o.branch1 = "HEAD";
+	o.branch2 = next ? next_label : "(empty tree)";
+
+	head_tree = parse_tree_indirect(head);
+	next_tree = next ? next->tree : empty_tree();
+	base_tree = base ? base->tree : empty_tree();
+
+	for (xopt = opts->xopts; xopt != opts->xopts + opts->xopts_nr; xopt++)
+		parse_merge_opt(&o, *xopt);
+
+	clean = merge_trees(&o,
+			    head_tree,
+			    next_tree, base_tree, &result);
+
+	if (active_cache_changed &&
+	    (write_cache(index_fd, active_cache, active_nr) ||
+	     commit_locked_index(&index_lock)))
+		/* TRANSLATORS: %s will be "revert" or "cherry-pick" */
+		die(_("%s: Unable to write new index file"), action_name(opts));
+	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+
+	if (opts->signoff)
+		append_signoff(msgbuf, 0);
+
+	if (!clean) {
+		int i;
+		strbuf_addstr(msgbuf, "\nConflicts:\n");
+		for (i = 0; i < active_nr;) {
+			struct cache_entry *ce = active_cache[i++];
+			if (ce_stage(ce)) {
+				strbuf_addch(msgbuf, '\t');
+				strbuf_addstr(msgbuf, ce->name);
+				strbuf_addch(msgbuf, '\n');
+				while (i < active_nr && !strcmp(ce->name,
+						active_cache[i]->name))
+					i++;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return !clean;
+}
+
+static int is_index_unchanged(void)
+{
+	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	struct commit *head_commit;
+
+	if (!resolve_ref_unsafe("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL))
+		return error(_("Could not resolve HEAD commit\n"));
+
+	head_commit = lookup_commit(head_sha1);
+
+	/*
+	 * If head_commit is NULL, check_commit, called from
+	 * lookup_commit, would have indicated that head_commit is not
+	 * a commit object already.  parse_commit() will return failure
+	 * without further complaints in such a case.  Otherwise, if
+	 * the commit is invalid, parse_commit() will complain.  So
+	 * there is nothing for us to say here.  Just return failure.
+	 */
+	if (parse_commit(head_commit))
+		return -1;
+
+	if (!active_cache_tree)
+		active_cache_tree = cache_tree();
+
+	if (!cache_tree_fully_valid(active_cache_tree))
+		if (cache_tree_update(active_cache_tree, active_cache,
+				  active_nr, 0))
+			return error(_("Unable to update cache tree\n"));
+
+	return !hashcmp(active_cache_tree->sha1, head_commit->tree->object.sha1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * If we are cherry-pick, and if the merge did not result in
+ * hand-editing, we will hit this commit and inherit the original
+ * author date and name.
+ * If we are revert, or if our cherry-pick results in a hand merge,
+ * we had better say that the current user is responsible for that.
+ */
+static int run_git_commit(const char *defmsg, struct replay_opts *opts,
+			  int allow_empty)
+{
+	struct argv_array array;
+	int rc;
+
+	argv_array_init(&array);
+	argv_array_push(&array, "commit");
+	argv_array_push(&array, "-n");
+
+	if (opts->signoff)
+		argv_array_push(&array, "-s");
+	if (!opts->edit) {
+		argv_array_push(&array, "-F");
+		argv_array_push(&array, defmsg);
+	}
+
+	if (allow_empty)
+		argv_array_push(&array, "--allow-empty");
+
+	if (opts->allow_empty_message)
+		argv_array_push(&array, "--allow-empty-message");
+
+	rc = run_command_v_opt(array.argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+	argv_array_clear(&array);
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static int is_original_commit_empty(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	const unsigned char *ptree_sha1;
+
+	if (parse_commit(commit))
+		return error(_("Could not parse commit %s\n"),
+			     sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	if (commit->parents) {
+		struct commit *parent = commit->parents->item;
+		if (parse_commit(parent))
+			return error(_("Could not parse parent commit %s\n"),
+				sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+		ptree_sha1 = parent->tree->object.sha1;
+	} else {
+		ptree_sha1 = EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN; /* commit is root */
+	}
+
+	return !hashcmp(ptree_sha1, commit->tree->object.sha1);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Do we run "git commit" with "--allow-empty"?
+ */
+static int allow_empty(struct replay_opts *opts, struct commit *commit)
+{
+	int index_unchanged, empty_commit;
+
+	/*
+	 * Three cases:
+	 *
+	 * (1) we do not allow empty at all and error out.
+	 *
+	 * (2) we allow ones that were initially empty, but
+	 * forbid the ones that become empty;
+	 *
+	 * (3) we allow both.
+	 */
+	if (!opts->allow_empty)
+		return 0; /* let "git commit" barf as necessary */
+
+	index_unchanged = is_index_unchanged();
+	if (index_unchanged < 0)
+		return index_unchanged;
+	if (!index_unchanged)
+		return 0; /* we do not have to say --allow-empty */
+
+	if (opts->keep_redundant_commits)
+		return 1;
+
+	empty_commit = is_original_commit_empty(commit);
+	if (empty_commit < 0)
+		return empty_commit;
+	if (!empty_commit)
+		return 0;
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
+
+static int do_pick_commit(struct commit *commit, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	unsigned char head[20];
+	struct commit *base, *next, *parent;
+	const char *base_label, *next_label;
+	struct commit_message msg = { NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL };
+	char *defmsg = NULL;
+	struct strbuf msgbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int res, unborn = 0;
+
+	if (opts->no_commit) {
+		/*
+		 * We do not intend to commit immediately.  We just want to
+		 * merge the differences in, so let's compute the tree
+		 * that represents the "current" state for merge-recursive
+		 * to work on.
+		 */
+		if (write_cache_as_tree(head, 0, NULL))
+			die (_("Your index file is unmerged."));
+	} else {
+		unborn = get_sha1("HEAD", head);
+		if (unborn)
+			hashcpy(head, EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_BIN);
+		if (index_differs_from(unborn ? EMPTY_TREE_SHA1_HEX : "HEAD", 0))
+			return error_dirty_index(opts);
+	}
+	discard_cache();
+
+	if (!commit->parents) {
+		parent = NULL;
+	}
+	else if (commit->parents->next) {
+		/* Reverting or cherry-picking a merge commit */
+		int cnt;
+		struct commit_list *p;
+
+		if (!opts->mainline)
+			return error(_("Commit %s is a merge but no -m option was given."),
+				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+		for (cnt = 1, p = commit->parents;
+		     cnt != opts->mainline && p;
+		     cnt++)
+			p = p->next;
+		if (cnt != opts->mainline || !p)
+			return error(_("Commit %s does not have parent %d"),
+				sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1), opts->mainline);
+		parent = p->item;
+	} else if (0 < opts->mainline)
+		return error(_("Mainline was specified but commit %s is not a merge."),
+			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+	else
+		parent = commit->parents->item;
+
+	if (opts->allow_ff &&
+	    ((parent && !hashcmp(parent->object.sha1, head)) ||
+	     (!parent && unborn)))
+	     return fast_forward_to(commit->object.sha1, head, unborn);
+
+	if (parent && parse_commit(parent) < 0)
+		/* TRANSLATORS: The first %s will be "revert" or
+		   "cherry-pick", the second %s a SHA1 */
+		return error(_("%s: cannot parse parent commit %s"),
+			action_name(opts), sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+
+	if (get_message(commit, &msg) != 0)
+		return error(_("Cannot get commit message for %s"),
+			sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+	/*
+	 * "commit" is an existing commit.  We would want to apply
+	 * the difference it introduces since its first parent "prev"
+	 * on top of the current HEAD if we are cherry-pick.  Or the
+	 * reverse of it if we are revert.
+	 */
+
+	defmsg = git_pathdup("MERGE_MSG");
+
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT) {
+		base = commit;
+		base_label = msg.label;
+		next = parent;
+		next_label = msg.parent_label;
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "Revert \"");
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, msg.subject);
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "\"\n\nThis reverts commit ");
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+
+		if (commit->parents && commit->parents->next) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ", reversing\nchanges made to ");
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(parent->object.sha1));
+		}
+		strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ".\n");
+	} else {
+		const char *p;
+
+		base = parent;
+		base_label = msg.parent_label;
+		next = commit;
+		next_label = msg.label;
+
+		/*
+		 * Append the commit log message to msgbuf; it starts
+		 * after the tree, parent, author, committer
+		 * information followed by "\n\n".
+		 */
+		p = strstr(msg.message, "\n\n");
+		if (p) {
+			p += 2;
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, p);
+		}
+
+		if (opts->record_origin) {
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, "(cherry picked from commit ");
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, sha1_to_hex(commit->object.sha1));
+			strbuf_addstr(&msgbuf, ")\n");
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (!opts->strategy || !strcmp(opts->strategy, "recursive") || opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT) {
+		res = do_recursive_merge(base, next, base_label, next_label,
+					 head, &msgbuf, opts);
+		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
+	} else {
+		struct commit_list *common = NULL;
+		struct commit_list *remotes = NULL;
+
+		write_message(&msgbuf, defmsg);
+
+		commit_list_insert(base, &common);
+		commit_list_insert(next, &remotes);
+		res = try_merge_command(opts->strategy, opts->xopts_nr, opts->xopts,
+					common, sha1_to_hex(head), remotes);
+		free_commit_list(common);
+		free_commit_list(remotes);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * If the merge was clean or if it failed due to conflict, we write
+	 * CHERRY_PICK_HEAD for the subsequent invocation of commit to use.
+	 * However, if the merge did not even start, then we don't want to
+	 * write it at all.
+	 */
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK && !opts->no_commit && (res == 0 || res == 1))
+		write_cherry_pick_head(commit, "CHERRY_PICK_HEAD");
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT && ((opts->no_commit && res == 0) || res == 1))
+		write_cherry_pick_head(commit, "REVERT_HEAD");
+
+	if (res) {
+		error(opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT
+		      ? _("could not revert %s... %s")
+		      : _("could not apply %s... %s"),
+		      find_unique_abbrev(commit->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV),
+		      msg.subject);
+		print_advice(res == 1, opts);
+		rerere(opts->allow_rerere_auto);
+	} else {
+		int allow = allow_empty(opts, commit);
+		if (allow < 0)
+			return allow;
+		if (!opts->no_commit)
+			res = run_git_commit(defmsg, opts, allow);
+	}
+
+	free_message(&msg);
+	free(defmsg);
+
+	return res;
+}
+
+static void prepare_revs(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	/*
+	 * picking (but not reverting) ranges (but not individual revisions)
+	 * should be done in reverse
+	 */
+	if (opts->action == REPLAY_PICK && !opts->revs->no_walk)
+		opts->revs->reverse ^= 1;
+
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(opts->revs))
+		die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+
+	if (!opts->revs->commits)
+		die(_("empty commit set passed"));
+}
+
+static void read_and_refresh_cache(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	static struct lock_file index_lock;
+	int index_fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 0);
+	if (read_index_preload(&the_index, NULL) < 0)
+		die(_("git %s: failed to read the index"), action_name(opts));
+	refresh_index(&the_index, REFRESH_QUIET|REFRESH_UNMERGED, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+	if (the_index.cache_changed) {
+		if (write_index(&the_index, index_fd) ||
+		    commit_locked_index(&index_lock))
+			die(_("git %s: failed to refresh the index"), action_name(opts));
+	}
+	rollback_lock_file(&index_lock);
+}
+
+static int format_todo(struct strbuf *buf, struct commit_list *todo_list,
+		struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit_list *cur = NULL;
+	const char *sha1_abbrev = NULL;
+	const char *action_str = opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "pick";
+	const char *subject;
+	int subject_len;
+
+	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
+		sha1_abbrev = find_unique_abbrev(cur->item->object.sha1, DEFAULT_ABBREV);
+		subject_len = find_commit_subject(cur->item->buffer, &subject);
+		strbuf_addf(buf, "%s %s %.*s\n", action_str, sha1_abbrev,
+			subject_len, subject);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct commit *parse_insn_line(char *bol, char *eol, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	unsigned char commit_sha1[20];
+	enum replay_action action;
+	char *end_of_object_name;
+	int saved, status, padding;
+
+	if (!prefixcmp(bol, "pick")) {
+		action = REPLAY_PICK;
+		bol += strlen("pick");
+	} else if (!prefixcmp(bol, "revert")) {
+		action = REPLAY_REVERT;
+		bol += strlen("revert");
+	} else
+		return NULL;
+
+	/* Eat up extra spaces/ tabs before object name */
+	padding = strspn(bol, " \t");
+	if (!padding)
+		return NULL;
+	bol += padding;
+
+	end_of_object_name = bol + strcspn(bol, " \t\n");
+	saved = *end_of_object_name;
+	*end_of_object_name = '\0';
+	status = get_sha1(bol, commit_sha1);
+	*end_of_object_name = saved;
+
+	/*
+	 * Verify that the action matches up with the one in
+	 * opts; we don't support arbitrary instructions
+	 */
+	if (action != opts->action) {
+		const char *action_str;
+		action_str = action == REPLAY_REVERT ? "revert" : "cherry-pick";
+		error(_("Cannot %s during a %s"), action_str, action_name(opts));
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	if (status < 0)
+		return NULL;
+
+	return lookup_commit_reference(commit_sha1);
+}
+
+static int parse_insn_buffer(char *buf, struct commit_list **todo_list,
+			struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit_list **next = todo_list;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	char *p = buf;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 1; *p; i++) {
+		char *eol = strchrnul(p, '\n');
+		commit = parse_insn_line(p, eol, opts);
+		if (!commit)
+			return error(_("Could not parse line %d."), i);
+		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
+		p = *eol ? eol + 1 : eol;
+	}
+	if (!*todo_list)
+		return error(_("No commits parsed."));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void read_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
+			struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int fd, res;
+
+	fd = open(todo_file, O_RDONLY);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not open %s"), todo_file);
+	if (strbuf_read(&buf, fd, 0) < 0) {
+		close(fd);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		die(_("Could not read %s."), todo_file);
+	}
+	close(fd);
+
+	res = parse_insn_buffer(buf.buf, todo_list, opts);
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	if (res)
+		die(_("Unusable instruction sheet: %s"), todo_file);
+}
+
+static int populate_opts_cb(const char *key, const char *value, void *data)
+{
+	struct replay_opts *opts = data;
+	int error_flag = 1;
+
+	if (!value)
+		error_flag = 0;
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.no-commit"))
+		opts->no_commit = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.edit"))
+		opts->edit = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.signoff"))
+		opts->signoff = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.record-origin"))
+		opts->record_origin = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.allow-ff"))
+		opts->allow_ff = git_config_bool_or_int(key, value, &error_flag);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.mainline"))
+		opts->mainline = git_config_int(key, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy"))
+		git_config_string(&opts->strategy, key, value);
+	else if (!strcmp(key, "options.strategy-option")) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(opts->xopts, opts->xopts_nr + 1, opts->xopts_alloc);
+		opts->xopts[opts->xopts_nr++] = xstrdup(value);
+	} else
+		return error(_("Invalid key: %s"), key);
+
+	if (!error_flag)
+		return error(_("Invalid value for %s: %s"), key, value);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void read_populate_opts(struct replay_opts **opts_ptr)
+{
+	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
+
+	if (!file_exists(opts_file))
+		return;
+	if (git_config_from_file(populate_opts_cb, opts_file, *opts_ptr) < 0)
+		die(_("Malformed options sheet: %s"), opts_file);
+}
+
+static void walk_revs_populate_todo(struct commit_list **todo_list,
+				struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit *commit;
+	struct commit_list **next;
+
+	prepare_revs(opts);
+
+	next = todo_list;
+	while ((commit = get_revision(opts->revs)))
+		next = commit_list_append(commit, next);
+}
+
+static int create_seq_dir(void)
+{
+	const char *seq_dir = git_path(SEQ_DIR);
+
+	if (file_exists(seq_dir)) {
+		error(_("a cherry-pick or revert is already in progress"));
+		advise(_("try \"git cherry-pick (--continue | --quit | --abort)\""));
+		return -1;
+	}
+	else if (mkdir(seq_dir, 0777) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not create sequencer directory %s"), seq_dir);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void save_head(const char *head)
+{
+	const char *head_file = git_path(SEQ_HEAD_FILE);
+	static struct lock_file head_lock;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&head_lock, head_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s\n", head);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0)
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), head_file);
+	if (commit_lock_file(&head_lock) < 0)
+		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), head_file);
+}
+
+static int reset_for_rollback(const unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	const char *argv[4];	/* reset --merge <arg> + NULL */
+	argv[0] = "reset";
+	argv[1] = "--merge";
+	argv[2] = sha1_to_hex(sha1);
+	argv[3] = NULL;
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static int rollback_single_pick(void)
+{
+	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+
+	if (!file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) &&
+	    !file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD")))
+		return error(_("no cherry-pick or revert in progress"));
+	if (read_ref_full("HEAD", head_sha1, 0, NULL))
+		return error(_("cannot resolve HEAD"));
+	if (is_null_sha1(head_sha1))
+		return error(_("cannot abort from a branch yet to be born"));
+	return reset_for_rollback(head_sha1);
+}
+
+static int sequencer_rollback(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	const char *filename;
+	FILE *f;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	filename = git_path(SEQ_HEAD_FILE);
+	f = fopen(filename, "r");
+	if (!f && errno == ENOENT) {
+		/*
+		 * There is no multiple-cherry-pick in progress.
+		 * If CHERRY_PICK_HEAD or REVERT_HEAD indicates
+		 * a single-cherry-pick in progress, abort that.
+		 */
+		return rollback_single_pick();
+	}
+	if (!f)
+		return error(_("cannot open %s: %s"), filename,
+						strerror(errno));
+	if (strbuf_getline(&buf, f, '\n')) {
+		error(_("cannot read %s: %s"), filename, ferror(f) ?
+			strerror(errno) : _("unexpected end of file"));
+		fclose(f);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	fclose(f);
+	if (get_sha1_hex(buf.buf, sha1) || buf.buf[40] != '\0') {
+		error(_("stored pre-cherry-pick HEAD file '%s' is corrupt"),
+			filename);
+		goto fail;
+	}
+	if (reset_for_rollback(sha1))
+		goto fail;
+	remove_sequencer_state();
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return 0;
+fail:
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return -1;
+}
+
+static void save_todo(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	const char *todo_file = git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE);
+	static struct lock_file todo_lock;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = hold_lock_file_for_update(&todo_lock, todo_file, LOCK_DIE_ON_ERROR);
+	if (format_todo(&buf, todo_list, opts) < 0)
+		die(_("Could not format %s."), todo_file);
+	if (write_in_full(fd, buf.buf, buf.len) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		die_errno(_("Could not write to %s"), todo_file);
+	}
+	if (commit_lock_file(&todo_lock) < 0) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		die(_("Error wrapping up %s."), todo_file);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
+static void save_opts(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	const char *opts_file = git_path(SEQ_OPTS_FILE);
+
+	if (opts->no_commit)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.no-commit", "true");
+	if (opts->edit)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.edit", "true");
+	if (opts->signoff)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.signoff", "true");
+	if (opts->record_origin)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.record-origin", "true");
+	if (opts->allow_ff)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.allow-ff", "true");
+	if (opts->mainline) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		strbuf_addf(&buf, "%d", opts->mainline);
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.mainline", buf.buf);
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+	}
+	if (opts->strategy)
+		git_config_set_in_file(opts_file, "options.strategy", opts->strategy);
+	if (opts->xopts) {
+		int i;
+		for (i = 0; i < opts->xopts_nr; i++)
+			git_config_set_multivar_in_file(opts_file,
+							"options.strategy-option",
+							opts->xopts[i], "^$", 0);
+	}
+}
+
+static int pick_commits(struct commit_list *todo_list, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit_list *cur;
+	int res;
+
+	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, action_name(opts), 0);
+	if (opts->allow_ff)
+		assert(!(opts->signoff || opts->no_commit ||
+				opts->record_origin || opts->edit));
+	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
+
+	for (cur = todo_list; cur; cur = cur->next) {
+		save_todo(cur, opts);
+		res = do_pick_commit(cur->item, opts);
+		if (res)
+			return res;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Sequence of picks finished successfully; cleanup by
+	 * removing the .git/sequencer directory
+	 */
+	remove_sequencer_state();
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int continue_single_pick(void)
+{
+	const char *argv[] = { "commit", NULL };
+
+	if (!file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) &&
+	    !file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD")))
+		return error(_("no cherry-pick or revert in progress"));
+	return run_command_v_opt(argv, RUN_GIT_CMD);
+}
+
+static int sequencer_continue(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
+
+	if (!file_exists(git_path(SEQ_TODO_FILE)))
+		return continue_single_pick();
+	read_populate_opts(&opts);
+	read_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
+
+	/* Verify that the conflict has been resolved */
+	if (file_exists(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD")) ||
+	    file_exists(git_path("REVERT_HEAD"))) {
+		int ret = continue_single_pick();
+		if (ret)
+			return ret;
+	}
+	if (index_differs_from("HEAD", 0))
+		return error_dirty_index(opts);
+	todo_list = todo_list->next;
+	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
+}
+
+static int single_pick(struct commit *cmit, struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	setenv(GIT_REFLOG_ACTION, action_name(opts), 0);
+	return do_pick_commit(cmit, opts);
+}
+
+int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts)
+{
+	struct commit_list *todo_list = NULL;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+
+	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_NONE)
+		assert(opts->revs);
+
+	read_and_refresh_cache(opts);
+
+	/*
+	 * Decide what to do depending on the arguments; a fresh
+	 * cherry-pick should be handled differently from an existing
+	 * one that is being continued
+	 */
+	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE) {
+		remove_sequencer_state();
+		return 0;
+	}
+	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_ROLLBACK)
+		return sequencer_rollback(opts);
+	if (opts->subcommand == REPLAY_CONTINUE)
+		return sequencer_continue(opts);
+
+	/*
+	 * If we were called as "git cherry-pick <commit>", just
+	 * cherry-pick/revert it, set CHERRY_PICK_HEAD /
+	 * REVERT_HEAD, and don't touch the sequencer state.
+	 * This means it is possible to cherry-pick in the middle
+	 * of a cherry-pick sequence.
+	 */
+	if (opts->revs->cmdline.nr == 1 &&
+	    opts->revs->cmdline.rev->whence == REV_CMD_REV &&
+	    opts->revs->no_walk &&
+	    !opts->revs->cmdline.rev->flags) {
+		struct commit *cmit;
+		if (prepare_revision_walk(opts->revs))
+			die(_("revision walk setup failed"));
+		cmit = get_revision(opts->revs);
+		if (!cmit || get_revision(opts->revs))
+			die("BUG: expected exactly one commit from walk");
+		return single_pick(cmit, opts);
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * Start a new cherry-pick/ revert sequence; but
+	 * first, make sure that an existing one isn't in
+	 * progress
+	 */
+
+	walk_revs_populate_todo(&todo_list, opts);
+	if (create_seq_dir() < 0)
+		return -1;
+	if (get_sha1("HEAD", sha1)) {
+		if (opts->action == REPLAY_REVERT)
+			return error(_("Can't revert as initial commit"));
+		return error(_("Can't cherry-pick into empty head"));
+	}
+	save_head(sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	save_opts(opts);
+	return pick_commits(todo_list, opts);
+}
+
+static int ends_rfc2822_footer(struct strbuf *sb, int ignore_footer)
+{
+	int ch;
+	int hit = 0;
+	int i, j, k;
+	int len = sb->len - ignore_footer;
+	int first = 1;
+	const char *buf = sb->buf;
+
+	for (i = len - 1; i > 0; i--) {
+		if (hit && buf[i] == '\n')
+			break;
+		hit = (buf[i] == '\n');
+	}
+
+	while (i < len - 1 && buf[i] == '\n')
+		i++;
+
+	for (; i < len; i = k) {
+		for (k = i; k < len && buf[k] != '\n'; k++)
+			; /* do nothing */
+		k++;
+
+		if ((buf[k] == ' ' || buf[k] == '\t') && !first)
+			continue;
+
+		first = 0;
+
+		for (j = 0; i + j < len; j++) {
+			ch = buf[i + j];
+			if (ch == ':')
+				break;
+			if (isalnum(ch) ||
+			    (ch == '-'))
+				continue;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	}
+	return 1;
+}
+
+void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer)
+{
+	struct strbuf sob = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int i;
+
+	strbuf_addstr(&sob, sign_off_header);
+	strbuf_addstr(&sob, fmt_name(getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_NAME"),
+				getenv("GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL")));
+	strbuf_addch(&sob, '\n');
+	for (i = msgbuf->len - 1 - ignore_footer; i > 0 && msgbuf->buf[i - 1] != '\n'; i--)
+		; /* do nothing */
+	if (prefixcmp(msgbuf->buf + i, sob.buf)) {
+		if (!i || !ends_rfc2822_footer(msgbuf, ignore_footer))
+			strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0, "\n", 1);
+		strbuf_splice(msgbuf, msgbuf->len - ignore_footer, 0, sob.buf, sob.len);
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sob);
 }
diff --git a/sequencer.h b/sequencer.h
index 905d295..9d57d57 100644
--- a/sequencer.h
+++ b/sequencer.h
@@ -2,19 +2,52 @@
 #define SEQUENCER_H
 
 #define SEQ_DIR		"sequencer"
-#define SEQ_OLD_DIR	"sequencer-old"
 #define SEQ_HEAD_FILE	"sequencer/head"
 #define SEQ_TODO_FILE	"sequencer/todo"
 #define SEQ_OPTS_FILE	"sequencer/opts"
 
-/*
- * Removes SEQ_OLD_DIR and renames SEQ_DIR to SEQ_OLD_DIR, ignoring
- * any errors.  Intended to be used by 'git reset'.
- *
- * With the aggressive flag, it additionally removes SEQ_OLD_DIR,
- * ignoring any errors.  Inteded to be used by the sequencer's
- * '--reset' subcommand.
- */
-void remove_sequencer_state(int aggressive);
+enum replay_action {
+	REPLAY_REVERT,
+	REPLAY_PICK
+};
+
+enum replay_subcommand {
+	REPLAY_NONE,
+	REPLAY_REMOVE_STATE,
+	REPLAY_CONTINUE,
+	REPLAY_ROLLBACK
+};
+
+struct replay_opts {
+	enum replay_action action;
+	enum replay_subcommand subcommand;
+
+	/* Boolean options */
+	int edit;
+	int record_origin;
+	int no_commit;
+	int signoff;
+	int allow_ff;
+	int allow_rerere_auto;
+	int allow_empty;
+	int allow_empty_message;
+	int keep_redundant_commits;
+
+	int mainline;
+
+	/* Merge strategy */
+	const char *strategy;
+	const char **xopts;
+	size_t xopts_nr, xopts_alloc;
+
+	/* Only used by REPLAY_NONE */
+	struct rev_info *revs;
+};
+
+int sequencer_pick_revisions(struct replay_opts *opts);
+
+extern const char sign_off_header[];
+
+void append_signoff(struct strbuf *msgbuf, int ignore_footer);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/setup.c b/setup.c
index 61c22e6..2e1521b 100644
--- a/setup.c
+++ b/setup.c
@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "dir.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 static int inside_git_dir = -1;
 static int inside_work_tree = -1;
 
-char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
+static char *prefix_path_gently(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
 {
 	const char *orig = path;
 	char *sanitized;
@@ -31,7 +32,8 @@
 		if (strncmp(sanitized, work_tree, len) ||
 		    (len > root_len && sanitized[len] != '\0' && sanitized[len] != '/')) {
 		error_out:
-			die("'%s' is outside repository", orig);
+			free(sanitized);
+			return NULL;
 		}
 		if (sanitized[len] == '/')
 			len++;
@@ -40,12 +42,38 @@
 	return sanitized;
 }
 
+char *prefix_path(const char *prefix, int len, const char *path)
+{
+	char *r = prefix_path_gently(prefix, len, path);
+	if (!r)
+		die("'%s' is outside repository", path);
+	return r;
+}
+
+int path_inside_repo(const char *prefix, const char *path)
+{
+	int len = prefix ? strlen(prefix) : 0;
+	char *r = prefix_path_gently(prefix, len, path);
+	if (r) {
+		free(r);
+		return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int check_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
 {
 	const char *name;
 	struct stat st;
 
-	name = prefix ? prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg) : arg;
+	if (!prefixcmp(arg, ":/")) {
+		if (arg[2] == '\0') /* ":/" is root dir, always exists */
+			return 1;
+		name = arg + 2;
+	} else if (prefix)
+		name = prefix_filename(prefix, strlen(prefix), arg);
+	else
+		name = arg;
 	if (!lstat(name, &st))
 		return 1; /* file exists */
 	if (errno == ENOENT || errno == ENOTDIR)
@@ -53,24 +81,27 @@
 	die_errno("failed to stat '%s'", arg);
 }
 
-static void NORETURN die_verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
+static void NORETURN die_verify_filename(const char *prefix,
+					 const char *arg,
+					 int diagnose_misspelt_rev)
 {
-	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	unsigned mode;
-
+	if (!diagnose_misspelt_rev)
+		die("%s: no such path in the working tree.\n"
+		    "Use 'git <command> -- <path>...' to specify paths that do not exist locally.",
+		    arg);
 	/*
 	 * Saying "'(icase)foo' does not exist in the index" when the
 	 * user gave us ":(icase)foo" is just stupid.  A magic pathspec
 	 * begins with a colon and is followed by a non-alnum; do not
-	 * let get_sha1_with_mode_1(only_to_die=1) to even trigger.
+	 * let maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name() even trigger.
 	 */
 	if (!(arg[0] == ':' && !isalnum(arg[1])))
-		/* try a detailed diagnostic ... */
-		get_sha1_with_mode_1(arg, sha1, &mode, 1, prefix);
+		maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(arg, prefix);
 
 	/* ... or fall back the most general message. */
 	die("ambiguous argument '%s': unknown revision or path not in the working tree.\n"
-	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions", arg);
+	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+	    "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'", arg);
 
 }
 
@@ -80,14 +111,29 @@
  * as true, because even if such a filename were to exist, we want
  * it to be preceded by the "--" marker (or we want the user to
  * use a format like "./-filename")
+ *
+ * The "diagnose_misspelt_rev" is used to provide a user-friendly
+ * diagnosis when dying upon finding that "name" is not a pathname.
+ * If set to 1, the diagnosis will try to diagnose "name" as an
+ * invalid object name (e.g. HEAD:foo). If set to 0, the diagnosis
+ * will only complain about an inexisting file.
+ *
+ * This function is typically called to check that a "file or rev"
+ * argument is unambiguous. In this case, the caller will want
+ * diagnose_misspelt_rev == 1 when verifying the first non-rev
+ * argument (which could have been a revision), and
+ * diagnose_misspelt_rev == 0 for the next ones (because we already
+ * saw a filename, there's not ambiguity anymore).
  */
-void verify_filename(const char *prefix, const char *arg)
+void verify_filename(const char *prefix,
+		     const char *arg,
+		     int diagnose_misspelt_rev)
 {
 	if (*arg == '-')
 		die("bad flag '%s' used after filename", arg);
 	if (check_filename(prefix, arg))
 		return;
-	die_verify_filename(prefix, arg);
+	die_verify_filename(prefix, arg, diagnose_misspelt_rev);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -104,7 +150,8 @@
 	if (!check_filename(prefix, arg))
 		return;
 	die("ambiguous argument '%s': both revision and filename\n"
-	    "Use '--' to separate filenames from revisions", arg);
+	    "Use '--' to separate paths from revisions, like this:\n"
+	    "'git <command> [<revision>...] -- [<file>...]'", arg);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -206,6 +253,25 @@
 		return prefix_path(prefix, prefixlen, copyfrom);
 }
 
+/*
+ * N.B. get_pathspec() is deprecated in favor of the "struct pathspec"
+ * based interface - see pathspec_magic above.
+ *
+ * Arguments:
+ *  - prefix - a path relative to the root of the working tree
+ *  - pathspec - a list of paths underneath the prefix path
+ *
+ * Iterates over pathspec, prepending each path with prefix,
+ * and return the resulting list.
+ *
+ * If pathspec is empty, return a singleton list containing prefix.
+ *
+ * If pathspec and prefix are both empty, return an empty list.
+ *
+ * This is typically used by built-in commands such as add.c, in order
+ * to normalize argv arguments provided to the built-in into a list of
+ * paths to process, all relative to the root of the working tree.
+ */
 const char **get_pathspec(const char *prefix, const char **pathspec)
 {
 	const char *entry = *pathspec;
@@ -247,7 +313,7 @@
  *    a proper "ref:", or a regular file HEAD that has a properly
  *    formatted sha1 object name.
  */
-static int is_git_directory(const char *suspect)
+int is_git_directory(const char *suspect)
 {
 	char path[PATH_MAX];
 	size_t len = strlen(suspect);
@@ -569,27 +635,51 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static dev_t get_device_or_die(const char *path, const char *prefix)
+static dev_t get_device_or_die(const char *path, const char *prefix, int prefix_len)
 {
 	struct stat buf;
-	if (stat(path, &buf))
-		die_errno("failed to stat '%s%s%s'",
+	if (stat(path, &buf)) {
+		die_errno("failed to stat '%*s%s%s'",
+				prefix_len,
 				prefix ? prefix : "",
 				prefix ? "/" : "", path);
+	}
 	return buf.st_dev;
 }
 
 /*
+ * A "string_list_each_func_t" function that canonicalizes an entry
+ * from GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES using real_path_if_valid(), or
+ * discards it if unusable.
+ */
+static int canonicalize_ceiling_entry(struct string_list_item *item,
+				      void *unused)
+{
+	char *ceil = item->string;
+	const char *real_path;
+
+	if (!*ceil || !is_absolute_path(ceil))
+		return 0;
+	real_path = real_path_if_valid(ceil);
+	if (!real_path)
+		return 0;
+	free(item->string);
+	item->string = xstrdup(real_path);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/*
  * We cannot decide in this function whether we are in the work tree or
  * not, since the config can only be read _after_ this function was called.
  */
 static const char *setup_git_directory_gently_1(int *nongit_ok)
 {
 	const char *env_ceiling_dirs = getenv(CEILING_DIRECTORIES_ENVIRONMENT);
+	struct string_list ceiling_dirs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	static char cwd[PATH_MAX+1];
 	const char *gitdirenv, *ret;
 	char *gitfile;
-	int len, offset, ceil_offset;
+	int len, offset, offset_parent, ceil_offset = -1;
 	dev_t current_device = 0;
 	int one_filesystem = 1;
 
@@ -614,7 +704,14 @@
 	if (gitdirenv)
 		return setup_explicit_git_dir(gitdirenv, cwd, len, nongit_ok);
 
-	ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd, env_ceiling_dirs);
+	if (env_ceiling_dirs) {
+		string_list_split(&ceiling_dirs, env_ceiling_dirs, PATH_SEP, -1);
+		filter_string_list(&ceiling_dirs, 0,
+				   canonicalize_ceiling_entry, NULL);
+		ceil_offset = longest_ancestor_length(cwd, &ceiling_dirs);
+		string_list_clear(&ceiling_dirs, 0);
+	}
+
 	if (ceil_offset < 0 && has_dos_drive_prefix(cwd))
 		ceil_offset = 1;
 
@@ -631,7 +728,7 @@
 	 */
 	one_filesystem = !git_env_bool("GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM", 0);
 	if (one_filesystem)
-		current_device = get_device_or_die(".", NULL);
+		current_device = get_device_or_die(".", NULL, 0);
 	for (;;) {
 		gitfile = (char*)read_gitfile(DEFAULT_GIT_DIR_ENVIRONMENT);
 		if (gitfile)
@@ -653,11 +750,12 @@
 		if (is_git_directory("."))
 			return setup_bare_git_dir(cwd, offset, len, nongit_ok);
 
-		while (--offset > ceil_offset && cwd[offset] != '/');
-		if (offset <= ceil_offset)
+		offset_parent = offset;
+		while (--offset_parent > ceil_offset && cwd[offset_parent] != '/');
+		if (offset_parent <= ceil_offset)
 			return setup_nongit(cwd, nongit_ok);
 		if (one_filesystem) {
-			dev_t parent_device = get_device_or_die("..", cwd);
+			dev_t parent_device = get_device_or_die("..", cwd, offset);
 			if (parent_device != current_device) {
 				if (nongit_ok) {
 					if (chdir(cwd))
@@ -666,7 +764,7 @@
 					return NULL;
 				}
 				cwd[offset] = '\0';
-				die("Not a git repository (or any parent up to mount parent %s)\n"
+				die("Not a git repository (or any parent up to mount point %s)\n"
 				"Stopping at filesystem boundary (GIT_DISCOVERY_ACROSS_FILESYSTEM not set).", cwd);
 			}
 		}
@@ -674,6 +772,7 @@
 			cwd[offset] = '\0';
 			die_errno("Cannot change to '%s/..'", cwd);
 		}
+		offset = offset_parent;
 	}
 }
 
diff --git a/sha1-array.c b/sha1-array.c
index b2f47f9..6f4a224 100644
--- a/sha1-array.c
+++ b/sha1-array.c
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@
 	return hashcmp(a, b);
 }
 
-void sha1_array_sort(struct sha1_array *array)
+static void sha1_array_sort(struct sha1_array *array)
 {
 	qsort(array->sha1, array->nr, sizeof(*array->sha1), void_hashcmp);
 	array->sorted = 1;
diff --git a/sha1-array.h b/sha1-array.h
index 4499b5d..72bb33b 100644
--- a/sha1-array.h
+++ b/sha1-array.h
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #define SHA1_ARRAY_INIT { NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
 
 void sha1_array_append(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1);
-void sha1_array_sort(struct sha1_array *array);
 int sha1_array_lookup(struct sha1_array *array, const unsigned char *sha1);
 void sha1_array_clear(struct sha1_array *array);
 
diff --git a/sha1_file.c b/sha1_file.c
index 3401301..40b2329 100644
--- a/sha1_file.c
+++ b/sha1_file.c
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
  * creation etc.
  */
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 #include "delta.h"
 #include "pack.h"
 #include "blob.h"
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "pack-revindex.h"
 #include "sha1-lookup.h"
+#include "bulk-checkin.h"
+#include "streaming.h"
 
 #ifndef O_NOATIME
 #if defined(__linux__) && (defined(__i386__) || defined(__PPC__))
@@ -53,6 +56,8 @@
 	0
 };
 
+static struct packed_git *last_found_pack;
+
 static struct cached_object *find_cached_object(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	int i;
@@ -225,7 +230,6 @@
 struct alternate_object_database *alt_odb_list;
 static struct alternate_object_database **alt_odb_tail;
 
-static void read_info_alternates(const char * alternates, int depth);
 static int git_open_noatime(const char *name);
 
 /*
@@ -243,7 +247,7 @@
  * SHA1, an extra slash for the first level indirection, and the
  * terminating NUL.
  */
-static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char * entry, int len, const char * relative_base, int depth)
+static int link_alt_odb_entry(const char *entry, const char *relative_base, int depth)
 {
 	const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 	struct alternate_object_database *ent;
@@ -255,7 +259,7 @@
 		strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, real_path(relative_base));
 		strbuf_addch(&pathbuf, '/');
 	}
-	strbuf_add(&pathbuf, entry, len);
+	strbuf_addstr(&pathbuf, entry);
 
 	normalize_path_copy(pathbuf.buf, pathbuf.buf);
 
@@ -295,7 +299,7 @@
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
-	if (!memcmp(ent->base, objdir, pfxlen)) {
+	if (!strcmp(ent->base, objdir)) {
 		free(ent);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -313,10 +317,12 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static void link_alt_odb_entries(const char *alt, const char *ep, int sep,
+static void link_alt_odb_entries(const char *alt, int len, int sep,
 				 const char *relative_base, int depth)
 {
-	const char *cp, *last;
+	struct string_list entries = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+	char *alt_copy;
+	int i;
 
 	if (depth > 5) {
 		error("%s: ignoring alternate object stores, nesting too deep.",
@@ -324,33 +330,24 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
-	last = alt;
-	while (last < ep) {
-		cp = last;
-		if (cp < ep && *cp == '#') {
-			while (cp < ep && *cp != sep)
-				cp++;
-			last = cp + 1;
+	alt_copy = xmemdupz(alt, len);
+	string_list_split_in_place(&entries, alt_copy, sep, -1);
+	for (i = 0; i < entries.nr; i++) {
+		const char *entry = entries.items[i].string;
+		if (entry[0] == '\0' || entry[0] == '#')
 			continue;
+		if (!is_absolute_path(entry) && depth) {
+			error("%s: ignoring relative alternate object store %s",
+					relative_base, entry);
+		} else {
+			link_alt_odb_entry(entry, relative_base, depth);
 		}
-		while (cp < ep && *cp != sep)
-			cp++;
-		if (last != cp) {
-			if (!is_absolute_path(last) && depth) {
-				error("%s: ignoring relative alternate object store %s",
-						relative_base, last);
-			} else {
-				link_alt_odb_entry(last, cp - last,
-						relative_base, depth);
-			}
-		}
-		while (cp < ep && *cp == sep)
-			cp++;
-		last = cp;
 	}
+	string_list_clear(&entries, 0);
+	free(alt_copy);
 }
 
-static void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth)
+void read_info_alternates(const char * relative_base, int depth)
 {
 	char *map;
 	size_t mapsz;
@@ -374,7 +371,7 @@
 	map = xmmap(NULL, mapsz, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 	close(fd);
 
-	link_alt_odb_entries(map, map + mapsz, '\n', relative_base, depth);
+	link_alt_odb_entries(map, mapsz, '\n', relative_base, depth);
 
 	munmap(map, mapsz);
 }
@@ -388,7 +385,7 @@
 	if (commit_lock_file(lock))
 		die("could not close alternates file");
 	if (alt_odb_tail)
-		link_alt_odb_entries(alt, alt + strlen(alt), '\n', NULL, 0);
+		link_alt_odb_entries(alt, strlen(alt), '\n', NULL, 0);
 }
 
 void foreach_alt_odb(alt_odb_fn fn, void *cb)
@@ -412,7 +409,7 @@
 	if (!alt) alt = "";
 
 	alt_odb_tail = &alt_odb_list;
-	link_alt_odb_entries(alt, alt + strlen(alt), PATH_SEP, NULL, 0);
+	link_alt_odb_entries(alt, strlen(alt), PATH_SEP, NULL, 0);
 
 	read_info_alternates(get_object_directory(), 0);
 }
@@ -719,6 +716,8 @@
 			close_pack_index(p);
 			free(p->bad_object_sha1);
 			*pp = p->next;
+			if (last_found_pack == p)
+				last_found_pack = NULL;
 			free(p);
 			return;
 		}
@@ -726,6 +725,24 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static unsigned int get_max_fd_limit(void)
+{
+#ifdef RLIMIT_NOFILE
+	struct rlimit lim;
+
+	if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim))
+		die_errno("cannot get RLIMIT_NOFILE");
+
+	return lim.rlim_cur;
+#elif defined(_SC_OPEN_MAX)
+	return sysconf(_SC_OPEN_MAX);
+#elif defined(OPEN_MAX)
+	return OPEN_MAX;
+#else
+	return 1; /* see the caller ;-) */
+#endif
+}
+
 /*
  * Do not call this directly as this leaks p->pack_fd on error return;
  * call open_packed_git() instead.
@@ -742,13 +759,7 @@
 		return error("packfile %s index unavailable", p->pack_name);
 
 	if (!pack_max_fds) {
-		struct rlimit lim;
-		unsigned int max_fds;
-
-		if (getrlimit(RLIMIT_NOFILE, &lim))
-			die_errno("cannot get RLIMIT_NOFILE");
-
-		max_fds = lim.rlim_cur;
+		unsigned int max_fds = get_max_fd_limit();
 
 		/* Save 3 for stdin/stdout/stderr, 22 for work */
 		if (25 < max_fds)
@@ -1141,10 +1152,47 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map, unsigned long size, const char *type)
+/*
+ * With an in-core object data in "map", rehash it to make sure the
+ * object name actually matches "sha1" to detect object corruption.
+ * With "map" == NULL, try reading the object named with "sha1" using
+ * the streaming interface and rehash it to do the same.
+ */
+int check_sha1_signature(const unsigned char *sha1, void *map,
+			 unsigned long size, const char *type)
 {
 	unsigned char real_sha1[20];
-	hash_sha1_file(map, size, type, real_sha1);
+	enum object_type obj_type;
+	struct git_istream *st;
+	git_SHA_CTX c;
+	char hdr[32];
+	int hdrlen;
+
+	if (map) {
+		hash_sha1_file(map, size, type, real_sha1);
+		return hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1) ? -1 : 0;
+	}
+
+	st = open_istream(sha1, &obj_type, &size, NULL);
+	if (!st)
+		return -1;
+
+	/* Generate the header */
+	hdrlen = sprintf(hdr, "%s %lu", typename(obj_type), size) + 1;
+
+	/* Sha1.. */
+	git_SHA1_Init(&c);
+	git_SHA1_Update(&c, hdr, hdrlen);
+	for (;;) {
+		char buf[1024 * 16];
+		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
+
+		if (!readlen)
+			break;
+		git_SHA1_Update(&c, buf, readlen);
+	}
+	git_SHA1_Final(real_sha1, &c);
+	close_istream(st);
 	return hashcmp(sha1, real_sha1) ? -1 : 0;
 }
 
@@ -1201,6 +1249,11 @@
 
 		if (!fstat(fd, &st)) {
 			*size = xsize_t(st.st_size);
+			if (!*size) {
+				/* mmap() is forbidden on empty files */
+				error("object file %s is empty", sha1_file_name(sha1));
+				return NULL;
+			}
 			map = xmmap(NULL, *size, PROT_READ, MAP_PRIVATE, fd, 0);
 		}
 		close(fd);
@@ -1267,7 +1320,8 @@
 	while (c & 0x80) {
 		if (len <= used || bitsizeof(long) <= shift) {
 			error("bad object header");
-			return 0;
+			size = used = 0;
+			break;
 		}
 		c = buf[used++];
 		size += (c & 0x7f) << shift;
@@ -1987,7 +2041,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *p)
+int is_pack_valid(struct packed_git *p)
 {
 	/* An already open pack is known to be valid. */
 	if (p->pack_fd != -1)
@@ -2008,54 +2062,58 @@
 	return !open_packed_git(p);
 }
 
+static int fill_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1,
+			   struct pack_entry *e,
+			   struct packed_git *p)
+{
+	off_t offset;
+
+	if (p->num_bad_objects) {
+		unsigned i;
+		for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
+			if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
+				return 0;
+	}
+
+	offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
+	if (!offset)
+		return 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * We are about to tell the caller where they can locate the
+	 * requested object.  We better make sure the packfile is
+	 * still here and can be accessed before supplying that
+	 * answer, as it may have been deleted since the index was
+	 * loaded!
+	 */
+	if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
+		warning("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	e->offset = offset;
+	e->p = p;
+	hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
+	return 1;
+}
+
 static int find_pack_entry(const unsigned char *sha1, struct pack_entry *e)
 {
-	static struct packed_git *last_found = (void *)1;
 	struct packed_git *p;
-	off_t offset;
 
 	prepare_packed_git();
 	if (!packed_git)
 		return 0;
-	p = (last_found == (void *)1) ? packed_git : last_found;
 
-	do {
-		if (p->num_bad_objects) {
-			unsigned i;
-			for (i = 0; i < p->num_bad_objects; i++)
-				if (!hashcmp(sha1, p->bad_object_sha1 + 20 * i))
-					goto next;
-		}
+	if (last_found_pack && fill_pack_entry(sha1, e, last_found_pack))
+		return 1;
 
-		offset = find_pack_entry_one(sha1, p);
-		if (offset) {
-			/*
-			 * We are about to tell the caller where they can
-			 * locate the requested object.  We better make
-			 * sure the packfile is still here and can be
-			 * accessed before supplying that answer, as
-			 * it may have been deleted since the index
-			 * was loaded!
-			 */
-			if (!is_pack_valid(p)) {
-				error("packfile %s cannot be accessed", p->pack_name);
-				goto next;
-			}
-			e->offset = offset;
-			e->p = p;
-			hashcpy(e->sha1, sha1);
-			last_found = p;
-			return 1;
-		}
+	for (p = packed_git; p; p = p->next) {
+		if (p == last_found_pack || !fill_pack_entry(sha1, e, p))
+			continue;
 
-		next:
-		if (p == last_found)
-			p = packed_git;
-		else
-			p = p->next;
-		if (p == last_found)
-			p = p->next;
-	} while (p);
+		last_found_pack = p;
+		return 1;
+	}
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -2364,7 +2422,7 @@
 	unlink_or_warn(tmpfile);
 	if (ret) {
 		if (ret != EEXIST) {
-			return error("unable to write sha1 filename %s: %s\n", filename, strerror(ret));
+			return error("unable to write sha1 filename %s: %s", filename, strerror(ret));
 		}
 		/* FIXME!!! Collision check here ? */
 	}
@@ -2450,15 +2508,15 @@
 	git_SHA_CTX c;
 	unsigned char parano_sha1[20];
 	char *filename;
-	static char tmpfile[PATH_MAX];
+	static char tmp_file[PATH_MAX];
 
 	filename = sha1_file_name(sha1);
-	fd = create_tmpfile(tmpfile, sizeof(tmpfile), filename);
+	fd = create_tmpfile(tmp_file, sizeof(tmp_file), filename);
 	if (fd < 0) {
 		if (errno == EACCES)
-			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s\n", get_object_directory());
+			return error("insufficient permission for adding an object to repository database %s", get_object_directory());
 		else
-			return error("unable to create temporary sha1 filename %s: %s\n", tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+			return error("unable to create temporary file: %s", strerror(errno));
 	}
 
 	/* Set it up */
@@ -2503,12 +2561,12 @@
 		struct utimbuf utb;
 		utb.actime = mtime;
 		utb.modtime = mtime;
-		if (utime(tmpfile, &utb) < 0)
+		if (utime(tmp_file, &utb) < 0)
 			warning("failed utime() on %s: %s",
-				tmpfile, strerror(errno));
+				tmp_file, strerror(errno));
 	}
 
-	return move_temp_to_file(tmpfile, filename);
+	return move_temp_to_file(tmp_file, filename);
 }
 
 int write_sha1_file(const void *buf, unsigned long len, const char *type, unsigned char *returnsha1)
@@ -2616,7 +2674,7 @@
 	if ((type == OBJ_BLOB) && path) {
 		struct strbuf nbuf = STRBUF_INIT;
 		if (convert_to_git(path, buf, size, &nbuf,
-		                   write_object ? safe_crlf : 0)) {
+				   write_object ? safe_crlf : SAFE_CRLF_FALSE)) {
 			buf = strbuf_detach(&nbuf, &size);
 			re_allocated = 1;
 		}
@@ -2679,82 +2737,25 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * This creates one packfile per large blob, because the caller
- * immediately wants the result sha1, and fast-import can report the
- * object name via marks mechanism only by closing the created
- * packfile.
+ * This creates one packfile per large blob unless bulk-checkin
+ * machinery is "plugged".
  *
  * This also bypasses the usual "convert-to-git" dance, and that is on
  * purpose. We could write a streaming version of the converting
  * functions and insert that before feeding the data to fast-import
- * (or equivalent in-core API described above), but the primary
- * motivation for trying to stream from the working tree file and to
- * avoid mmaping it in core is to deal with large binary blobs, and
- * by definition they do _not_ want to get any conversion.
+ * (or equivalent in-core API described above). However, that is
+ * somewhat complicated, as we do not know the size of the filter
+ * result, which we need to know beforehand when writing a git object.
+ * Since the primary motivation for trying to stream from the working
+ * tree file and to avoid mmaping it in core is to deal with large
+ * binary blobs, they generally do not want to get any conversion, and
+ * callers should avoid this code path when filters are requested.
  */
 static int index_stream(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, size_t size,
 			enum object_type type, const char *path,
 			unsigned flags)
 {
-	struct child_process fast_import;
-	char export_marks[512];
-	const char *argv[] = { "fast-import", "--quiet", export_marks, NULL };
-	char tmpfile[512];
-	char fast_import_cmd[512];
-	char buf[512];
-	int len, tmpfd;
-
-	strcpy(tmpfile, git_path("hashstream_XXXXXX"));
-	tmpfd = git_mkstemp_mode(tmpfile, 0600);
-	if (tmpfd < 0)
-		die_errno("cannot create tempfile: %s", tmpfile);
-	if (close(tmpfd))
-		die_errno("cannot close tempfile: %s", tmpfile);
-	sprintf(export_marks, "--export-marks=%s", tmpfile);
-
-	memset(&fast_import, 0, sizeof(fast_import));
-	fast_import.in = -1;
-	fast_import.argv = argv;
-	fast_import.git_cmd = 1;
-	if (start_command(&fast_import))
-		die_errno("index-stream: git fast-import failed");
-
-	len = sprintf(fast_import_cmd, "blob\nmark :1\ndata %lu\n",
-		      (unsigned long) size);
-	write_or_whine(fast_import.in, fast_import_cmd, len,
-		       "index-stream: feeding fast-import");
-	while (size) {
-		char buf[10240];
-		size_t sz = size < sizeof(buf) ? size : sizeof(buf);
-		ssize_t actual;
-
-		actual = read_in_full(fd, buf, sz);
-		if (actual < 0)
-			die_errno("index-stream: reading input");
-		if (write_in_full(fast_import.in, buf, actual) != actual)
-			die_errno("index-stream: feeding fast-import");
-		size -= actual;
-	}
-	if (close(fast_import.in))
-		die_errno("index-stream: closing fast-import");
-	if (finish_command(&fast_import))
-		die_errno("index-stream: finishing fast-import");
-
-	tmpfd = open(tmpfile, O_RDONLY);
-	if (tmpfd < 0)
-		die_errno("index-stream: cannot open fast-import mark");
-	len = read(tmpfd, buf, sizeof(buf));
-	if (len < 0)
-		die_errno("index-stream: reading fast-import mark");
-	if (close(tmpfd) < 0)
-		die_errno("index-stream: closing fast-import mark");
-	if (unlink(tmpfile))
-		die_errno("index-stream: unlinking fast-import mark");
-	if (len != 44 ||
-	    memcmp(":1 ", buf, 3) ||
-	    get_sha1_hex(buf + 3, sha1))
-		die_errno("index-stream: unexpected fast-import mark: <%s>", buf);
-	return 0;
+	return index_bulk_checkin(sha1, fd, size, type, path, flags);
 }
 
 int index_fd(unsigned char *sha1, int fd, struct stat *st,
@@ -2765,7 +2766,8 @@
 
 	if (!S_ISREG(st->st_mode))
 		ret = index_pipe(sha1, fd, type, path, flags);
-	else if (size <= big_file_threshold || type != OBJ_BLOB)
+	else if (size <= big_file_threshold || type != OBJ_BLOB ||
+		 (path && would_convert_to_git(path, NULL, 0, 0)))
 		ret = index_core(sha1, fd, size, type, path, flags);
 	else
 		ret = index_stream(sha1, fd, size, type, path, flags);
diff --git a/sha1_name.c b/sha1_name.c
index ba976b4..95003c7 100644
--- a/sha1_name.c
+++ b/sha1_name.c
@@ -9,14 +9,82 @@
 
 static int get_sha1_oneline(const char *, unsigned char *, struct commit_list *);
 
-static int find_short_object_filename(int len, const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+typedef int (*disambiguate_hint_fn)(const unsigned char *, void *);
+
+struct disambiguate_state {
+	disambiguate_hint_fn fn;
+	void *cb_data;
+	unsigned char candidate[20];
+	unsigned candidate_exists:1;
+	unsigned candidate_checked:1;
+	unsigned candidate_ok:1;
+	unsigned disambiguate_fn_used:1;
+	unsigned ambiguous:1;
+	unsigned always_call_fn:1;
+};
+
+static void update_candidates(struct disambiguate_state *ds, const unsigned char *current)
+{
+	if (ds->always_call_fn) {
+		ds->ambiguous = ds->fn(current, ds->cb_data) ? 1 : 0;
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!ds->candidate_exists) {
+		/* this is the first candidate */
+		hashcpy(ds->candidate, current);
+		ds->candidate_exists = 1;
+		return;
+	} else if (!hashcmp(ds->candidate, current)) {
+		/* the same as what we already have seen */
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!ds->fn) {
+		/* cannot disambiguate between ds->candidate and current */
+		ds->ambiguous = 1;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	if (!ds->candidate_checked) {
+		ds->candidate_ok = ds->fn(ds->candidate, ds->cb_data);
+		ds->disambiguate_fn_used = 1;
+		ds->candidate_checked = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!ds->candidate_ok) {
+		/* discard the candidate; we know it does not satisify fn */
+		hashcpy(ds->candidate, current);
+		ds->candidate_checked = 0;
+		return;
+	}
+
+	/* if we reach this point, we know ds->candidate satisfies fn */
+	if (ds->fn(current, ds->cb_data)) {
+		/*
+		 * if both current and candidate satisfy fn, we cannot
+		 * disambiguate.
+		 */
+		ds->candidate_ok = 0;
+		ds->ambiguous = 1;
+	}
+
+	/* otherwise, current can be discarded and candidate is still good */
+}
+
+static void find_short_object_filename(int len, const char *hex_pfx, struct disambiguate_state *ds)
 {
 	struct alternate_object_database *alt;
 	char hex[40];
-	int found = 0;
 	static struct alternate_object_database *fakeent;
 
 	if (!fakeent) {
+		/*
+		 * Create a "fake" alternate object database that
+		 * points to our own object database, to make it
+		 * easier to get a temporary working space in
+		 * alt->name/alt->base while iterating over the
+		 * object databases including our own.
+		 */
 		const char *objdir = get_object_directory();
 		int objdir_len = strlen(objdir);
 		int entlen = objdir_len + 43;
@@ -27,33 +95,28 @@
 	}
 	fakeent->next = alt_odb_list;
 
-	sprintf(hex, "%.2s", name);
-	for (alt = fakeent; alt && found < 2; alt = alt->next) {
+	sprintf(hex, "%.2s", hex_pfx);
+	for (alt = fakeent; alt && !ds->ambiguous; alt = alt->next) {
 		struct dirent *de;
 		DIR *dir;
-		sprintf(alt->name, "%.2s/", name);
+		sprintf(alt->name, "%.2s/", hex_pfx);
 		dir = opendir(alt->base);
 		if (!dir)
 			continue;
-		while ((de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+
+		while (!ds->ambiguous && (de = readdir(dir)) != NULL) {
+			unsigned char sha1[20];
+
 			if (strlen(de->d_name) != 38)
 				continue;
-			if (memcmp(de->d_name, name + 2, len - 2))
+			if (memcmp(de->d_name, hex_pfx + 2, len - 2))
 				continue;
-			if (!found) {
-				memcpy(hex + 2, de->d_name, 38);
-				found++;
-			}
-			else if (memcmp(hex + 2, de->d_name, 38)) {
-				found = 2;
-				break;
-			}
+			memcpy(hex + 2, de->d_name, 38);
+			if (!get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1))
+				update_candidates(ds, sha1);
 		}
 		closedir(dir);
 	}
-	if (found == 1)
-		return get_sha1_hex(hex, sha1) == 0;
-	return found;
 }
 
 static int match_sha(unsigned len, const unsigned char *a, const unsigned char *b)
@@ -71,103 +134,157 @@
 	return 1;
 }
 
-static int find_short_packed_object(int len, const unsigned char *match, unsigned char *sha1)
+static void unique_in_pack(int len,
+			  const unsigned char *bin_pfx,
+			   struct packed_git *p,
+			   struct disambiguate_state *ds)
+{
+	uint32_t num, last, i, first = 0;
+	const unsigned char *current = NULL;
+
+	open_pack_index(p);
+	num = p->num_objects;
+	last = num;
+	while (first < last) {
+		uint32_t mid = (first + last) / 2;
+		const unsigned char *current;
+		int cmp;
+
+		current = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, mid);
+		cmp = hashcmp(bin_pfx, current);
+		if (!cmp) {
+			first = mid;
+			break;
+		}
+		if (cmp > 0) {
+			first = mid+1;
+			continue;
+		}
+		last = mid;
+	}
+
+	/*
+	 * At this point, "first" is the location of the lowest object
+	 * with an object name that could match "bin_pfx".  See if we have
+	 * 0, 1 or more objects that actually match(es).
+	 */
+	for (i = first; i < num && !ds->ambiguous; i++) {
+		current = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, i);
+		if (!match_sha(len, bin_pfx, current))
+			break;
+		update_candidates(ds, current);
+	}
+}
+
+static void find_short_packed_object(int len, const unsigned char *bin_pfx,
+				     struct disambiguate_state *ds)
 {
 	struct packed_git *p;
-	const unsigned char *found_sha1 = NULL;
-	int found = 0;
 
 	prepare_packed_git();
-	for (p = packed_git; p && found < 2; p = p->next) {
-		uint32_t num, last;
-		uint32_t first = 0;
-		open_pack_index(p);
-		num = p->num_objects;
-		last = num;
-		while (first < last) {
-			uint32_t mid = (first + last) / 2;
-			const unsigned char *now;
-			int cmp;
-
-			now = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, mid);
-			cmp = hashcmp(match, now);
-			if (!cmp) {
-				first = mid;
-				break;
-			}
-			if (cmp > 0) {
-				first = mid+1;
-				continue;
-			}
-			last = mid;
-		}
-		if (first < num) {
-			const unsigned char *now, *next;
-		       now = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, first);
-			if (match_sha(len, match, now)) {
-				next = nth_packed_object_sha1(p, first+1);
-			       if (!next|| !match_sha(len, match, next)) {
-					/* unique within this pack */
-					if (!found) {
-						found_sha1 = now;
-						found++;
-					}
-					else if (hashcmp(found_sha1, now)) {
-						found = 2;
-						break;
-					}
-				}
-				else {
-					/* not even unique within this pack */
-					found = 2;
-					break;
-				}
-			}
-		}
-	}
-	if (found == 1)
-		hashcpy(sha1, found_sha1);
-	return found;
+	for (p = packed_git; p && !ds->ambiguous; p = p->next)
+		unique_in_pack(len, bin_pfx, p, ds);
 }
 
 #define SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND (-1)
 #define SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS (-2)
 
-static int find_unique_short_object(int len, char *canonical,
-				    unsigned char *res, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int finish_object_disambiguation(struct disambiguate_state *ds,
+					unsigned char *sha1)
 {
-	int has_unpacked, has_packed;
-	unsigned char unpacked_sha1[20], packed_sha1[20];
+	if (ds->ambiguous)
+		return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
 
-	prepare_alt_odb();
-	has_unpacked = find_short_object_filename(len, canonical, unpacked_sha1);
-	has_packed = find_short_packed_object(len, res, packed_sha1);
-	if (!has_unpacked && !has_packed)
+	if (!ds->candidate_exists)
 		return SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND;
-	if (1 < has_unpacked || 1 < has_packed)
+
+	if (!ds->candidate_checked)
+		/*
+		 * If this is the only candidate, there is no point
+		 * calling the disambiguation hint callback.
+		 *
+		 * On the other hand, if the current candidate
+		 * replaced an earlier candidate that did _not_ pass
+		 * the disambiguation hint callback, then we do have
+		 * more than one objects that match the short name
+		 * given, so we should make sure this one matches;
+		 * otherwise, if we discovered this one and the one
+		 * that we previously discarded in the reverse order,
+		 * we would end up showing different results in the
+		 * same repository!
+		 */
+		ds->candidate_ok = (!ds->disambiguate_fn_used ||
+				    ds->fn(ds->candidate, ds->cb_data));
+
+	if (!ds->candidate_ok)
 		return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
-	if (has_unpacked != has_packed) {
-		hashcpy(sha1, (has_packed ? packed_sha1 : unpacked_sha1));
-		return 0;
-	}
-	/* Both have unique ones -- do they match? */
-	if (hashcmp(packed_sha1, unpacked_sha1))
-		return SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS;
-	hashcpy(sha1, packed_sha1);
+
+	hashcpy(sha1, ds->candidate);
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_short_sha1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
-			  int quietly)
+static int disambiguate_commit_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
 {
-	int i, status;
-	char canonical[40];
-	unsigned char res[20];
+	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	return kind == OBJ_COMMIT;
+}
 
-	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > 40)
-		return -1;
-	hashclr(res);
-	memset(canonical, 'x', 40);
+static int disambiguate_committish_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	int kind;
+
+	kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 1;
+	if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* We need to do this the hard way... */
+	obj = deref_tag(lookup_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (obj && obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int disambiguate_tree_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+{
+	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	return kind == OBJ_TREE;
+}
+
+static int disambiguate_treeish_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+{
+	struct object *obj;
+	int kind;
+
+	kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	if (kind == OBJ_TREE || kind == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		return 1;
+	if (kind != OBJ_TAG)
+		return 0;
+
+	/* We need to do this the hard way... */
+	obj = deref_tag(lookup_object(sha1), NULL, 0);
+	if (obj && (obj->type == OBJ_TREE || obj->type == OBJ_COMMIT))
+		return 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int disambiguate_blob_only(const unsigned char *sha1, void *cb_data_unused)
+{
+	int kind = sha1_object_info(sha1, NULL);
+	return kind == OBJ_BLOB;
+}
+
+static int prepare_prefixes(const char *name, int len,
+			    unsigned char *bin_pfx,
+			    char *hex_pfx)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	hashclr(bin_pfx);
+	memset(hex_pfx, 'x', 40);
 	for (i = 0; i < len ;i++) {
 		unsigned char c = name[i];
 		unsigned char val;
@@ -181,18 +298,76 @@
 		}
 		else
 			return -1;
-		canonical[i] = c;
+		hex_pfx[i] = c;
 		if (!(i & 1))
 			val <<= 4;
-		res[i >> 1] |= val;
+		bin_pfx[i >> 1] |= val;
 	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
-	status = find_unique_short_object(i, canonical, res, sha1);
+static int get_short_sha1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1,
+			  unsigned flags)
+{
+	int status;
+	char hex_pfx[40];
+	unsigned char bin_pfx[20];
+	struct disambiguate_state ds;
+	int quietly = !!(flags & GET_SHA1_QUIETLY);
+
+	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > 40)
+		return -1;
+	if (prepare_prefixes(name, len, bin_pfx, hex_pfx) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+
+	memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
+	if (flags & GET_SHA1_COMMIT)
+		ds.fn = disambiguate_commit_only;
+	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH)
+		ds.fn = disambiguate_committish_only;
+	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_TREE)
+		ds.fn = disambiguate_tree_only;
+	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_TREEISH)
+		ds.fn = disambiguate_treeish_only;
+	else if (flags & GET_SHA1_BLOB)
+		ds.fn = disambiguate_blob_only;
+
+	find_short_object_filename(len, hex_pfx, &ds);
+	find_short_packed_object(len, bin_pfx, &ds);
+	status = finish_object_disambiguation(&ds, sha1);
+
 	if (!quietly && (status == SHORT_NAME_AMBIGUOUS))
-		return error("short SHA1 %.*s is ambiguous.", len, canonical);
+		return error("short SHA1 %.*s is ambiguous.", len, hex_pfx);
 	return status;
 }
 
+
+int for_each_abbrev(const char *prefix, each_abbrev_fn fn, void *cb_data)
+{
+	char hex_pfx[40];
+	unsigned char bin_pfx[20];
+	struct disambiguate_state ds;
+	int len = strlen(prefix);
+
+	if (len < MINIMUM_ABBREV || len > 40)
+		return -1;
+	if (prepare_prefixes(prefix, len, bin_pfx, hex_pfx) < 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	prepare_alt_odb();
+
+	memset(&ds, 0, sizeof(ds));
+	ds.always_call_fn = 1;
+	ds.cb_data = cb_data;
+	ds.fn = fn;
+
+	find_short_object_filename(len, hex_pfx, &ds);
+	find_short_packed_object(len, bin_pfx, &ds);
+	return ds.ambiguous;
+}
+
 const char *find_unique_abbrev(const unsigned char *sha1, int len)
 {
 	int status, exists;
@@ -204,7 +379,7 @@
 		return hex;
 	while (len < 40) {
 		unsigned char sha1_ret[20];
-		status = get_short_sha1(hex, len, sha1_ret, 1);
+		status = get_short_sha1(hex, len, sha1_ret, GET_SHA1_QUIETLY);
 		if (exists
 		    ? !status
 		    : status == SHORT_NAME_NOT_FOUND) {
@@ -241,91 +416,6 @@
 	return slash;
 }
 
-/*
- * *string and *len will only be substituted, and *string returned (for
- * later free()ing) if the string passed in is a magic short-hand form
- * to name a branch.
- */
-static char *substitute_branch_name(const char **string, int *len)
-{
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
-	int ret = interpret_branch_name(*string, &buf);
-
-	if (ret == *len) {
-		size_t size;
-		*string = strbuf_detach(&buf, &size);
-		*len = size;
-		return (char *)*string;
-	}
-
-	return NULL;
-}
-
-int dwim_ref(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **ref)
-{
-	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
-	const char **p, *r;
-	int refs_found = 0;
-
-	*ref = NULL;
-	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
-		char fullref[PATH_MAX];
-		unsigned char sha1_from_ref[20];
-		unsigned char *this_result;
-		int flag;
-
-		this_result = refs_found ? sha1_from_ref : sha1;
-		mksnpath(fullref, sizeof(fullref), *p, len, str);
-		r = resolve_ref(fullref, this_result, 1, &flag);
-		if (r) {
-			if (!refs_found++)
-				*ref = xstrdup(r);
-			if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
-				break;
-		} else if ((flag & REF_ISSYMREF) && strcmp(fullref, "HEAD"))
-			warning("ignoring dangling symref %s.", fullref);
-	}
-	free(last_branch);
-	return refs_found;
-}
-
-int dwim_log(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1, char **log)
-{
-	char *last_branch = substitute_branch_name(&str, &len);
-	const char **p;
-	int logs_found = 0;
-
-	*log = NULL;
-	for (p = ref_rev_parse_rules; *p; p++) {
-		struct stat st;
-		unsigned char hash[20];
-		char path[PATH_MAX];
-		const char *ref, *it;
-
-		mksnpath(path, sizeof(path), *p, len, str);
-		ref = resolve_ref(path, hash, 1, NULL);
-		if (!ref)
-			continue;
-		if (!stat(git_path("logs/%s", path), &st) &&
-		    S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-			it = path;
-		else if (strcmp(ref, path) &&
-			 !stat(git_path("logs/%s", ref), &st) &&
-			 S_ISREG(st.st_mode))
-			it = ref;
-		else
-			continue;
-		if (!logs_found++) {
-			*log = xstrdup(it);
-			hashcpy(sha1, hash);
-		}
-		if (!warn_ambiguous_refs)
-			break;
-	}
-	free(last_branch);
-	return logs_found;
-}
-
 static inline int upstream_mark(const char *string, int len)
 {
 	const char *suffix[] = { "@{upstream}", "@{u}" };
@@ -340,7 +430,7 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1);
+static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned lookup_flags);
 
 static int get_sha1_basic(const char *str, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
@@ -377,7 +467,7 @@
 		ret = interpret_branch_name(str+at, &buf);
 		if (ret > 0) {
 			/* substitute this branch name and restart */
-			return get_sha1_1(buf.buf, buf.len, sha1);
+			return get_sha1_1(buf.buf, buf.len, sha1, 0);
 		} else if (ret == 0) {
 			return -1;
 		}
@@ -447,7 +537,7 @@
 		      unsigned char *result, int idx)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1);
+	int ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH);
 	struct commit *commit;
 	struct commit_list *p;
 
@@ -480,7 +570,7 @@
 	struct commit *commit;
 	int ret;
 
-	ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1);
+	ret = get_sha1_1(name, len, sha1, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH);
 	if (ret)
 		return ret;
 	commit = lookup_commit_reference(sha1);
@@ -526,6 +616,7 @@
 	unsigned char outer[20];
 	const char *sp;
 	unsigned int expected_type = 0;
+	unsigned lookup_flags = 0;
 	struct object *o;
 
 	/*
@@ -561,7 +652,10 @@
 	else
 		return -1;
 
-	if (get_sha1_1(name, sp - name - 2, outer))
+	if (expected_type == OBJ_COMMIT)
+		lookup_flags = GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH;
+
+	if (get_sha1_1(name, sp - name - 2, outer, lookup_flags))
 		return -1;
 
 	o = parse_object(outer);
@@ -610,6 +704,7 @@
 static int get_describe_name(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	const char *cp;
+	unsigned flags = GET_SHA1_QUIETLY | GET_SHA1_COMMIT;
 
 	for (cp = name + len - 1; name + 2 <= cp; cp--) {
 		char ch = *cp;
@@ -620,14 +715,14 @@
 			if (ch == 'g' && cp[-1] == '-') {
 				cp++;
 				len -= cp - name;
-				return get_short_sha1(cp, len, sha1, 1);
+				return get_short_sha1(cp, len, sha1, flags);
 			}
 		}
 	}
 	return -1;
 }
 
-static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1)
+static int get_sha1_1(const char *name, int len, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned lookup_flags)
 {
 	int ret, has_suffix;
 	const char *cp;
@@ -672,7 +767,7 @@
 	if (!ret)
 		return 0;
 
-	return get_short_sha1(name, len, sha1, 0);
+	return get_short_sha1(name, len, sha1, lookup_flags);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -854,7 +949,7 @@
 		struct strbuf sb;
 		strbuf_init(&sb, dots - name);
 		strbuf_add(&sb, name, dots - name);
-		st = get_sha1(sb.buf, sha1_tmp);
+		st = get_sha1_committish(sb.buf, sha1_tmp);
 		strbuf_release(&sb);
 	}
 	if (st)
@@ -863,7 +958,7 @@
 	if (!one)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (get_sha1(dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", sha1_tmp))
+	if (get_sha1_committish(dots[3] ? (dots + 3) : "HEAD", sha1_tmp))
 		return -1;
 	two = lookup_commit_reference_gently(sha1_tmp, 0);
 	if (!two)
@@ -941,10 +1036,22 @@
 	len = cp + tmp_len - name;
 	cp = xstrndup(name, cp - name);
 	upstream = branch_get(*cp ? cp : NULL);
-	if (!upstream
-	    || !upstream->merge
-	    || !upstream->merge[0]->dst)
-		return error("No upstream branch found for '%s'", cp);
+	/*
+	 * Upstream can be NULL only if cp refers to HEAD and HEAD
+	 * points to something different than a branch.
+	 */
+	if (!upstream)
+		return error(_("HEAD does not point to a branch"));
+	if (!upstream->merge || !upstream->merge[0]->dst) {
+		if (!ref_exists(upstream->refname))
+			return error(_("No such branch: '%s'"), cp);
+		if (!upstream->merge)
+			return error(_("No upstream configured for branch '%s'"),
+				     upstream->name);
+		return error(
+			_("Upstream branch '%s' not stored as a remote-tracking branch"),
+			upstream->merge[0]->src);
+	}
 	free(cp);
 	cp = shorten_unambiguous_ref(upstream->merge[0]->dst, 0);
 	strbuf_reset(buf);
@@ -978,7 +1085,52 @@
 int get_sha1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object_context unused;
-	return get_sha1_with_context(name, sha1, &unused);
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, 0, sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Many callers know that the user meant to name a committish by
+ * syntactical positions where the object name appears.  Calling this
+ * function allows the machinery to disambiguate shorter-than-unique
+ * abbreviated object names between committish and others.
+ *
+ * Note that this does NOT error out when the named object is not a
+ * committish. It is merely to give a hint to the disambiguation
+ * machinery.
+ */
+int get_sha1_committish(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_context unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_COMMITTISH,
+				     sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_treeish(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_context unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_TREEISH,
+				     sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_commit(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_context unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_COMMIT,
+				     sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_tree(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_context unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_TREE,
+				     sha1, &unused);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_blob(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1)
+{
+	struct object_context unused;
+	return get_sha1_with_context(name, GET_SHA1_BLOB,
+				     sha1, &unused);
 }
 
 /* Must be called only when object_name:filename doesn't exist. */
@@ -1077,16 +1229,6 @@
 }
 
 
-int get_sha1_with_mode_1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1, unsigned *mode,
-			 int only_to_die, const char *prefix)
-{
-	struct object_context oc;
-	int ret;
-	ret = get_sha1_with_context_1(name, sha1, &oc, only_to_die, prefix);
-	*mode = oc.mode;
-	return ret;
-}
-
 static char *resolve_relative_path(const char *rel)
 {
 	if (prefixcmp(rel, "./") && prefixcmp(rel, "../"))
@@ -1104,20 +1246,24 @@
 			   rel);
 }
 
-int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name, unsigned char *sha1,
-			    struct object_context *oc,
-			    int only_to_die, const char *prefix)
+static int get_sha1_with_context_1(const char *name,
+				   unsigned flags,
+				   const char *prefix,
+				   unsigned char *sha1,
+				   struct object_context *oc)
 {
 	int ret, bracket_depth;
 	int namelen = strlen(name);
 	const char *cp;
+	int only_to_die = flags & GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE;
 
 	memset(oc, 0, sizeof(*oc));
 	oc->mode = S_IFINVALID;
-	ret = get_sha1_1(name, namelen, sha1);
+	ret = get_sha1_1(name, namelen, sha1, flags);
 	if (!ret)
 		return ret;
-	/* sha1:path --> object name of path in ent sha1
+	/*
+	 * sha1:path --> object name of path in ent sha1
 	 * :path -> object name of absolute path in index
 	 * :./path -> object name of path relative to cwd in index
 	 * :[0-3]:path -> object name of path in index at stage
@@ -1192,7 +1338,7 @@
 			strncpy(object_name, name, cp-name);
 			object_name[cp-name] = '\0';
 		}
-		if (!get_sha1_1(name, cp-name, tree_sha1)) {
+		if (!get_sha1_1(name, cp-name, tree_sha1, GET_SHA1_TREEISH)) {
 			const char *filename = cp+1;
 			char *new_filename = NULL;
 
@@ -1200,7 +1346,7 @@
 			if (new_filename)
 				filename = new_filename;
 			ret = get_tree_entry(tree_sha1, filename, sha1, &oc->mode);
-			if (only_to_die) {
+			if (ret && only_to_die) {
 				diagnose_invalid_sha1_path(prefix, filename,
 							   tree_sha1, object_name);
 				free(object_name);
@@ -1219,3 +1365,22 @@
 	}
 	return ret;
 }
+
+/*
+ * Call this function when you know "name" given by the end user must
+ * name an object but it doesn't; the function _may_ die with a better
+ * diagnostic message than "no such object 'name'", e.g. "Path 'doc' does not
+ * exist in 'HEAD'" when given "HEAD:doc", or it may return in which case
+ * you have a chance to diagnose the error further.
+ */
+void maybe_die_on_misspelt_object_name(const char *name, const char *prefix)
+{
+	struct object_context oc;
+	unsigned char sha1[20];
+	get_sha1_with_context_1(name, GET_SHA1_ONLY_TO_DIE, prefix, sha1, &oc);
+}
+
+int get_sha1_with_context(const char *str, unsigned flags, unsigned char *sha1, struct object_context *orc)
+{
+	return get_sha1_with_context_1(str, flags, NULL, sha1, orc);
+}
diff --git a/shallow.c b/shallow.c
index a0363de..6be915f 100644
--- a/shallow.c
+++ b/shallow.c
@@ -72,8 +72,14 @@
 		}
 		if (parse_commit(commit))
 			die("invalid commit");
-		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		cur_depth++;
+		if (cur_depth >= depth) {
+			commit_list_insert(commit, &result);
+			commit->object.flags |= shallow_flag;
+			commit = NULL;
+			continue;
+		}
+		commit->object.flags |= not_shallow_flag;
 		for (p = commit->parents, commit = NULL; p; p = p->next) {
 			if (!p->item->util) {
 				int *pointer = xmalloc(sizeof(int));
diff --git a/shell.c b/shell.c
index abb8622..84b237f 100644
--- a/shell.c
+++ b/shell.c
@@ -137,6 +137,8 @@
 	int devnull_fd;
 	int count;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 
 	/*
diff --git a/show-index.c b/show-index.c
index 63f9da5..5a9eed7 100644
--- a/show-index.c
+++ b/show-index.c
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 	unsigned int version;
 	static unsigned int top_index[256];
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	if (argc != 1)
 		usage(show_index_usage);
 	if (fread(top_index, 2 * 4, 1, stdin) != 1)
diff --git a/strbuf.c b/strbuf.c
index 3ad2cc0..48e9abb 100644
--- a/strbuf.c
+++ b/strbuf.c
@@ -44,7 +44,9 @@
 
 char *strbuf_detach(struct strbuf *sb, size_t *sz)
 {
-	char *res = sb->alloc ? sb->buf : NULL;
+	char *res;
+	strbuf_grow(sb, 0);
+	res = sb->buf;
 	if (sz)
 		*sz = sb->len;
 	strbuf_init(sb, 0);
@@ -104,35 +106,30 @@
 	sb->buf[sb->len] = '\0';
 }
 
-struct strbuf **strbuf_split_buf(const char *str, size_t slen, int delim, int max)
+struct strbuf **strbuf_split_buf(const char *str, size_t slen,
+				 int terminator, int max)
 {
-	int alloc = 2, pos = 0;
-	const char *n, *p;
-	struct strbuf **ret;
+	struct strbuf **ret = NULL;
+	size_t nr = 0, alloc = 0;
 	struct strbuf *t;
 
-	ret = xcalloc(alloc, sizeof(struct strbuf *));
-	p = n = str;
-	while (n < str + slen) {
-		int len;
-		if (max <= 0 || pos + 1 < max)
-			n = memchr(n, delim, slen - (n - str));
-		else
-			n = NULL;
-		if (pos + 1 >= alloc) {
-			alloc = alloc * 2;
-			ret = xrealloc(ret, sizeof(struct strbuf *) * alloc);
+	while (slen) {
+		int len = slen;
+		if (max <= 0 || nr + 1 < max) {
+			const char *end = memchr(str, terminator, slen);
+			if (end)
+				len = end - str + 1;
 		}
-		if (!n)
-			n = str + slen - 1;
-		len = n - p + 1;
 		t = xmalloc(sizeof(struct strbuf));
 		strbuf_init(t, len);
-		strbuf_add(t, p, len);
-		ret[pos] = t;
-		ret[++pos] = NULL;
-		p = ++n;
+		strbuf_add(t, str, len);
+		ALLOC_GROW(ret, nr + 2, alloc);
+		ret[nr++] = t;
+		str += len;
+		slen -= len;
 	}
+	ALLOC_GROW(ret, nr + 1, alloc); /* In case string was empty */
+	ret[nr] = NULL;
 	return ret;
 }
 
@@ -207,6 +204,54 @@
 	va_end(ap);
 }
 
+static void add_lines(struct strbuf *out,
+			const char *prefix1,
+			const char *prefix2,
+			const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	while (size) {
+		const char *prefix;
+		const char *next = memchr(buf, '\n', size);
+		next = next ? (next + 1) : (buf + size);
+
+		prefix = (prefix2 && buf[0] == '\n') ? prefix2 : prefix1;
+		strbuf_addstr(out, prefix);
+		strbuf_add(out, buf, next - buf);
+		size -= next - buf;
+		buf = next;
+	}
+	strbuf_complete_line(out);
+}
+
+void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	static char prefix1[3];
+	static char prefix2[2];
+
+	if (prefix1[0] != comment_line_char) {
+		sprintf(prefix1, "%c ", comment_line_char);
+		sprintf(prefix2, "%c", comment_line_char);
+	}
+	add_lines(out, prefix1, prefix2, buf, size);
+}
+
+void strbuf_commented_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	va_list params;
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int incomplete_line = sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n';
+
+	va_start(params, fmt);
+	strbuf_vaddf(&buf, fmt, params);
+	va_end(params);
+
+	strbuf_add_commented_lines(sb, buf.buf, buf.len);
+	if (incomplete_line)
+		sb->buf[--sb->len] = '\0';
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+}
+
 void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 {
 	int len;
@@ -383,6 +428,22 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int strbuf_getwholeline_fd(struct strbuf *sb, int fd, int term)
+{
+	strbuf_reset(sb);
+
+	while (1) {
+		char ch;
+		ssize_t len = xread(fd, &ch, 1);
+		if (len <= 0)
+			return EOF;
+		strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+		if (ch == term)
+			break;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
 int strbuf_read_file(struct strbuf *sb, const char *path, size_t hint)
 {
 	int fd, len;
@@ -397,3 +458,96 @@
 
 	return len;
 }
+
+void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *prefix,
+		      const char *buf, size_t size)
+{
+	add_lines(out, prefix, NULL, buf, size);
+}
+
+void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *buf, const char *s)
+{
+	while (*s) {
+		size_t len = strcspn(s, "\"<>&");
+		strbuf_add(buf, s, len);
+		s += len;
+		switch (*s) {
+		case '"':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&quot;");
+			break;
+		case '<':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&lt;");
+			break;
+		case '>':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&gt;");
+			break;
+		case '&':
+			strbuf_addstr(buf, "&amp;");
+			break;
+		case 0:
+			return;
+		}
+		s++;
+	}
+}
+
+static int is_rfc3986_reserved(char ch)
+{
+	switch (ch) {
+		case '!': case '*': case '\'': case '(': case ')': case ';':
+		case ':': case '@': case '&': case '=': case '+': case '$':
+		case ',': case '/': case '?': case '#': case '[': case ']':
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int is_rfc3986_unreserved(char ch)
+{
+	return isalnum(ch) ||
+		ch == '-' || ch == '_' || ch == '.' || ch == '~';
+}
+
+static void strbuf_add_urlencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s, size_t len,
+				 int reserved)
+{
+	strbuf_grow(sb, len);
+	while (len--) {
+		char ch = *s++;
+		if (is_rfc3986_unreserved(ch) ||
+		    (!reserved && is_rfc3986_reserved(ch)))
+			strbuf_addch(sb, ch);
+		else
+			strbuf_addf(sb, "%%%02x", ch);
+	}
+}
+
+void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s,
+			     int reserved)
+{
+	strbuf_add_urlencode(sb, s, strlen(s), reserved);
+}
+
+int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int ret;
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	ret = vprintf(fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if (ret < 0 || putchar('\n') == EOF)
+		return -1;
+	return ret + 1;
+}
+
+int fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	int ret;
+	va_list ap;
+	va_start(ap, fmt);
+	ret = vfprintf(fp, fmt, ap);
+	va_end(ap);
+	if (ret < 0 || putc('\n', fp) == EOF)
+		return -1;
+	return ret + 1;
+}
diff --git a/strbuf.h b/strbuf.h
index 46a33f8..958822c 100644
--- a/strbuf.h
+++ b/strbuf.h
@@ -44,22 +44,56 @@
 extern void strbuf_ltrim(struct strbuf *);
 extern int strbuf_cmp(const struct strbuf *, const struct strbuf *);
 
+/*
+ * Split str (of length slen) at the specified terminator character.
+ * Return a null-terminated array of pointers to strbuf objects
+ * holding the substrings.  The substrings include the terminator,
+ * except for the last substring, which might be unterminated if the
+ * original string did not end with a terminator.  If max is positive,
+ * then split the string into at most max substrings (with the last
+ * substring containing everything following the (max-1)th terminator
+ * character).
+ *
+ * For lighter-weight alternatives, see string_list_split() and
+ * string_list_split_in_place().
+ */
 extern struct strbuf **strbuf_split_buf(const char *, size_t,
-					int delim, int max);
+					int terminator, int max);
+
+/*
+ * Split a NUL-terminated string at the specified terminator
+ * character.  See strbuf_split_buf() for more information.
+ */
 static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split_str(const char *str,
-					       int delim, int max)
+					       int terminator, int max)
 {
-	return strbuf_split_buf(str, strlen(str), delim, max);
+	return strbuf_split_buf(str, strlen(str), terminator, max);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Split a strbuf at the specified terminator character.  See
+ * strbuf_split_buf() for more information.
+ */
 static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split_max(const struct strbuf *sb,
-						int delim, int max)
+						int terminator, int max)
 {
-	return strbuf_split_buf(sb->buf, sb->len, delim, max);
+	return strbuf_split_buf(sb->buf, sb->len, terminator, max);
 }
-static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb, int delim)
+
+/*
+ * Split a strbuf at the specified terminator character.  See
+ * strbuf_split_buf() for more information.
+ */
+static inline struct strbuf **strbuf_split(const struct strbuf *sb,
+					   int terminator)
 {
-	return strbuf_split_max(sb, delim, 0);
+	return strbuf_split_max(sb, terminator, 0);
 }
+
+/*
+ * Free a NULL-terminated list of strbufs (for example, the return
+ * values of the strbuf_split*() functions).
+ */
 extern void strbuf_list_free(struct strbuf **);
 
 /*----- add data in your buffer -----*/
@@ -76,6 +110,8 @@
 extern void strbuf_splice(struct strbuf *, size_t pos, size_t len,
                           const void *, size_t);
 
+extern void strbuf_add_commented_lines(struct strbuf *out, const char *buf, size_t size);
+
 extern void strbuf_add(struct strbuf *, const void *, size_t);
 static inline void strbuf_addstr(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s) {
 	strbuf_add(sb, s, strlen(s));
@@ -97,9 +133,25 @@
 
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
 extern void strbuf_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf, 2, 3)))
+extern void strbuf_commented_addf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, ...);
 __attribute__((format (printf,2,0)))
 extern void strbuf_vaddf(struct strbuf *sb, const char *fmt, va_list ap);
 
+extern void strbuf_add_lines(struct strbuf *sb, const char *prefix, const char *buf, size_t size);
+
+/*
+ * Append s to sb, with the characters '<', '>', '&' and '"' converted
+ * into XML entities.
+ */
+extern void strbuf_addstr_xml_quoted(struct strbuf *sb, const char *s);
+
+static inline void strbuf_complete_line(struct strbuf *sb)
+{
+	if (sb->len && sb->buf[sb->len - 1] != '\n')
+		strbuf_addch(sb, '\n');
+}
+
 extern size_t strbuf_fread(struct strbuf *, size_t, FILE *);
 /* XXX: if read fails, any partial read is undone */
 extern ssize_t strbuf_read(struct strbuf *, int fd, size_t hint);
@@ -108,6 +160,7 @@
 
 extern int strbuf_getwholeline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
 extern int strbuf_getline(struct strbuf *, FILE *, int);
+extern int strbuf_getwholeline_fd(struct strbuf *, int, int);
 
 extern void stripspace(struct strbuf *buf, int skip_comments);
 extern int launch_editor(const char *path, struct strbuf *buffer, const char *const *env);
@@ -115,4 +168,12 @@
 extern int strbuf_branchname(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
 extern int strbuf_check_branch_ref(struct strbuf *sb, const char *name);
 
+extern void strbuf_addstr_urlencode(struct strbuf *, const char *,
+				    int reserved);
+
+__attribute__((format (printf,1,2)))
+extern int printf_ln(const char *fmt, ...);
+__attribute__((format (printf,2,3)))
+extern int fprintf_ln(FILE *fp, const char *fmt, ...);
+
 #endif /* STRBUF_H */
diff --git a/streaming.c b/streaming.c
index 71072e1..4d978e5 100644
--- a/streaming.c
+++ b/streaming.c
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@
 	return r;
 }
 
-ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *st, char *buf, size_t sz)
+ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *st, void *buf, size_t sz)
 {
 	return st->vtbl->read(st, buf, sz);
 }
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@
 	case OI_LOOSE:
 		return loose;
 	case OI_PACKED:
-		if (!oi->u.packed.is_delta && big_file_threshold <= size)
+		if (!oi->u.packed.is_delta && big_file_threshold < size)
 			return pack_non_delta;
 		/* fallthru */
 	default:
@@ -489,3 +489,58 @@
 
 	return st->u.incore.buf ? 0 : -1;
 }
+
+
+/****************************************************************
+ * Users of streaming interface
+ ****************************************************************/
+
+int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, unsigned const char *sha1, struct stream_filter *filter,
+		      int can_seek)
+{
+	struct git_istream *st;
+	enum object_type type;
+	unsigned long sz;
+	ssize_t kept = 0;
+	int result = -1;
+
+	st = open_istream(sha1, &type, &sz, filter);
+	if (!st)
+		return result;
+	if (type != OBJ_BLOB)
+		goto close_and_exit;
+	for (;;) {
+		char buf[1024 * 16];
+		ssize_t wrote, holeto;
+		ssize_t readlen = read_istream(st, buf, sizeof(buf));
+
+		if (!readlen)
+			break;
+		if (can_seek && sizeof(buf) == readlen) {
+			for (holeto = 0; holeto < readlen; holeto++)
+				if (buf[holeto])
+					break;
+			if (readlen == holeto) {
+				kept += holeto;
+				continue;
+			}
+		}
+
+		if (kept && lseek(fd, kept, SEEK_CUR) == (off_t) -1)
+			goto close_and_exit;
+		else
+			kept = 0;
+		wrote = write_in_full(fd, buf, readlen);
+
+		if (wrote != readlen)
+			goto close_and_exit;
+	}
+	if (kept && (lseek(fd, kept - 1, SEEK_CUR) == (off_t) -1 ||
+		     write(fd, "", 1) != 1))
+		goto close_and_exit;
+	result = 0;
+
+ close_and_exit:
+	close_istream(st);
+	return result;
+}
diff --git a/streaming.h b/streaming.h
index 589e857..1d05c2a 100644
--- a/streaming.h
+++ b/streaming.h
@@ -10,6 +10,8 @@
 
 extern struct git_istream *open_istream(const unsigned char *, enum object_type *, unsigned long *, struct stream_filter *);
 extern int close_istream(struct git_istream *);
-extern ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *, char *, size_t);
+extern ssize_t read_istream(struct git_istream *, void *, size_t);
+
+extern int stream_blob_to_fd(int fd, const unsigned char *, struct stream_filter *, int can_seek);
 
 #endif /* STREAMING_H */
diff --git a/string-list.c b/string-list.c
index d9810ab..aabb25e 100644
--- a/string-list.c
+++ b/string-list.c
@@ -7,10 +7,11 @@
 		int *exact_match)
 {
 	int left = -1, right = list->nr;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 
 	while (left + 1 < right) {
 		int middle = (left + right) / 2;
-		int compare = strcmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
+		int compare = cmp(string, list->items[middle].string);
 		if (compare < 0)
 			right = middle;
 		else if (compare > 0)
@@ -92,6 +93,24 @@
 	return list->items + i;
 }
 
+void string_list_remove_duplicates(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
+{
+	if (list->nr > 1) {
+		int src, dst;
+		compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
+		for (src = dst = 1; src < list->nr; src++) {
+			if (!cmp(list->items[dst - 1].string, list->items[src].string)) {
+				if (list->strdup_strings)
+					free(list->items[src].string);
+				if (free_util)
+					free(list->items[src].util);
+			} else
+				list->items[dst++] = list->items[src];
+		}
+		list->nr = dst;
+	}
+}
+
 int for_each_string_list(struct string_list *list,
 			 string_list_each_func_t fn, void *cb_data)
 {
@@ -102,6 +121,32 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
+void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
+			string_list_each_func_t want, void *cb_data)
+{
+	int src, dst = 0;
+	for (src = 0; src < list->nr; src++) {
+		if (want(&list->items[src], cb_data)) {
+			list->items[dst++] = list->items[src];
+		} else {
+			if (list->strdup_strings)
+				free(list->items[src].string);
+			if (free_util)
+				free(list->items[src].util);
+		}
+	}
+	list->nr = dst;
+}
+
+static int item_is_not_empty(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
+{
+	return *item->string != '\0';
+}
+
+void string_list_remove_empty_items(struct string_list *list, int free_util) {
+	filter_string_list(list, free_util, item_is_not_empty, NULL);
+}
+
 void string_list_clear(struct string_list *list, int free_util)
 {
 	if (list->items) {
@@ -148,24 +193,39 @@
 		printf("%s:%p\n", p->items[i].string, p->items[i].util);
 }
 
-struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list, const char *string)
+struct string_list_item *string_list_append_nodup(struct string_list *list,
+						  char *string)
 {
+	struct string_list_item *retval;
 	ALLOC_GROW(list->items, list->nr + 1, list->alloc);
-	list->items[list->nr].string =
-		list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string;
-	list->items[list->nr].util = NULL;
-	return list->items + list->nr++;
+	retval = &list->items[list->nr++];
+	retval->string = string;
+	retval->util = NULL;
+	return retval;
 }
 
+struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list,
+					    const char *string)
+{
+	return string_list_append_nodup(
+			list,
+			list->strdup_strings ? xstrdup(string) : (char *)string);
+}
+
+/* Yuck */
+static compare_strings_fn compare_for_qsort;
+
+/* Only call this from inside sort_string_list! */
 static int cmp_items(const void *a, const void *b)
 {
 	const struct string_list_item *one = a;
 	const struct string_list_item *two = b;
-	return strcmp(one->string, two->string);
+	return compare_for_qsort(one->string, two->string);
 }
 
 void sort_string_list(struct string_list *list)
 {
+	compare_for_qsort = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
 	qsort(list->items, list->nr, sizeof(*list->items), cmp_items);
 }
 
@@ -173,8 +233,10 @@
 						     const char *string)
 {
 	int i;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp = list->cmp ? list->cmp : strcmp;
+
 	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
-		if (!strcmp(string, list->items[i].string))
+		if (!cmp(string, list->items[i].string))
 			return list->items + i;
 	return NULL;
 }
@@ -194,3 +256,56 @@
 	list->items[i] = list->items[list->nr-1];
 	list->nr--;
 }
+
+int string_list_split(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+		      int delim, int maxsplit)
+{
+	int count = 0;
+	const char *p = string, *end;
+
+	if (!list->strdup_strings)
+		die("internal error in string_list_split(): "
+		    "list->strdup_strings must be set");
+	for (;;) {
+		count++;
+		if (maxsplit >= 0 && count > maxsplit) {
+			string_list_append(list, p);
+			return count;
+		}
+		end = strchr(p, delim);
+		if (end) {
+			string_list_append_nodup(list, xmemdupz(p, end - p));
+			p = end + 1;
+		} else {
+			string_list_append(list, p);
+			return count;
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+int string_list_split_in_place(struct string_list *list, char *string,
+			       int delim, int maxsplit)
+{
+	int count = 0;
+	char *p = string, *end;
+
+	if (list->strdup_strings)
+		die("internal error in string_list_split_in_place(): "
+		    "list->strdup_strings must not be set");
+	for (;;) {
+		count++;
+		if (maxsplit >= 0 && count > maxsplit) {
+			string_list_append(list, p);
+			return count;
+		}
+		end = strchr(p, delim);
+		if (end) {
+			*end = '\0';
+			string_list_append(list, p);
+			p = end + 1;
+		} else {
+			string_list_append(list, p);
+			return count;
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/string-list.h b/string-list.h
index 0684cb7..de6769c 100644
--- a/string-list.h
+++ b/string-list.h
@@ -5,10 +5,14 @@
 	char *string;
 	void *util;
 };
+
+typedef int (*compare_strings_fn)(const char *, const char *);
+
 struct string_list {
 	struct string_list_item *items;
 	unsigned int nr, alloc;
 	unsigned int strdup_strings:1;
+	compare_strings_fn cmp; /* NULL uses strcmp() */
 };
 
 #define STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP { NULL, 0, 0, 0 }
@@ -29,6 +33,22 @@
 #define for_each_string_list_item(item,list) \
 	for (item = (list)->items; item < (list)->items + (list)->nr; ++item)
 
+/*
+ * Apply want to each item in list, retaining only the ones for which
+ * the function returns true.  If free_util is true, call free() on
+ * the util members of any items that have to be deleted.  Preserve
+ * the order of the items that are retained.
+ */
+void filter_string_list(struct string_list *list, int free_util,
+			string_list_each_func_t want, void *cb_data);
+
+/*
+ * Remove any empty strings from the list.  If free_util is true, call
+ * free() on the util members of any items that have to be deleted.
+ * Preserve the order of the items that are retained.
+ */
+void string_list_remove_empty_items(struct string_list *list, int free_util);
+
 /* Use these functions only on sorted lists: */
 int string_list_has_string(const struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 int string_list_find_insert_index(const struct string_list *list, const char *string,
@@ -38,11 +58,64 @@
 						     int insert_at, const char *string);
 struct string_list_item *string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 
+/*
+ * Remove all but the first of consecutive entries with the same
+ * string value.  If free_util is true, call free() on the util
+ * members of any items that have to be deleted.
+ */
+void string_list_remove_duplicates(struct string_list *sorted_list, int free_util);
+
+
 /* Use these functions only on unsorted lists: */
+
+/*
+ * Add string to the end of list.  If list->strdup_string is set, then
+ * string is copied; otherwise the new string_list_entry refers to the
+ * input string.
+ */
 struct string_list_item *string_list_append(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
+
+/*
+ * Like string_list_append(), except string is never copied.  When
+ * list->strdup_strings is set, this function can be used to hand
+ * ownership of a malloc()ed string to list without making an extra
+ * copy.
+ */
+struct string_list_item *string_list_append_nodup(struct string_list *list, char *string);
+
 void sort_string_list(struct string_list *list);
 int unsorted_string_list_has_string(struct string_list *list, const char *string);
 struct string_list_item *unsorted_string_list_lookup(struct string_list *list,
 						     const char *string);
+
 void unsorted_string_list_delete_item(struct string_list *list, int i, int free_util);
+
+/*
+ * Split string into substrings on character delim and append the
+ * substrings to list.  The input string is not modified.
+ * list->strdup_strings must be set, as new memory needs to be
+ * allocated to hold the substrings.  If maxsplit is non-negative,
+ * then split at most maxsplit times.  Return the number of substrings
+ * appended to list.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', -1) -> ["foo", "bar", "baz"]
+ *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', 0) -> ["foo:bar:baz"]
+ *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:baz", ':', 1) -> ["foo", "bar:baz"]
+ *   string_list_split(l, "foo:bar:", ':', -1) -> ["foo", "bar", ""]
+ *   string_list_split(l, "", ':', -1) -> [""]
+ *   string_list_split(l, ":", ':', -1) -> ["", ""]
+ */
+int string_list_split(struct string_list *list, const char *string,
+		      int delim, int maxsplit);
+
+/*
+ * Like string_list_split(), except that string is split in-place: the
+ * delimiter characters in string are overwritten with NULs, and the
+ * new string_list_items point into string (which therefore must not
+ * be modified or freed while the string_list is in use).
+ * list->strdup_strings must *not* be set.
+ */
+int string_list_split_in_place(struct string_list *list, char *string,
+			       int delim, int maxsplit);
 #endif /* STRING_LIST_H */
diff --git a/submodule.c b/submodule.c
index 0fd10a0..9ba1496 100644
--- a/submodule.c
+++ b/submodule.c
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@
 	alt_odb->name[40] = '\0';
 	alt_odb->name[41] = '\0';
 	alt_odb_list = alt_odb;
+
+	/* add possible alternates from the submodule */
+	read_info_alternates(objects_directory.buf, 0);
 	prepare_alt_odb();
 done:
 	strbuf_release(&objects_directory);
@@ -123,45 +126,44 @@
 
 int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value)
 {
-	int len;
 	struct string_list_item *config;
-	struct strbuf submodname = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *name, *key;
+	int namelen;
 
-	var += 10;		/* Skip "submodule." */
+	if (parse_config_key(var, "submodule", &name, &namelen, &key) < 0 || !name)
+		return 0;
 
-	len = strlen(var);
-	if ((len > 5) && !strcmp(var + len - 5, ".path")) {
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 5);
+	if (!strcmp(key, "path")) {
 		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_name_for_path, value);
 		if (config)
 			free(config->util);
 		else
 			config = string_list_append(&config_name_for_path, xstrdup(value));
-		config->util = strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL);
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
-	} else if ((len > 23) && !strcmp(var + len - 23, ".fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 23);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, submodname.buf);
+		config->util = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "fetchrecursesubmodules")) {
+		char *name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
 		if (!config)
-			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name,
-						    strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL));
+			config = string_list_append(&config_fetch_recurse_submodules_for_name, name_cstr);
+		else
+			free(name_cstr);
 		config->util = (void *)(intptr_t)parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(var, value);
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
-	} else if ((len > 7) && !strcmp(var + len - 7, ".ignore")) {
+	} else if (!strcmp(key, "ignore")) {
+		char *name_cstr;
+
 		if (strcmp(value, "untracked") && strcmp(value, "dirty") &&
 		    strcmp(value, "all") && strcmp(value, "none")) {
 			warning("Invalid parameter \"%s\" for config option \"submodule.%s.ignore\"", value, var);
 			return 0;
 		}
 
-		strbuf_add(&submodname, var, len - 7);
-		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, submodname.buf);
-		if (config)
+		name_cstr = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		config = unsorted_string_list_lookup(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
+		if (config) {
 			free(config->util);
-		else
-			config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name,
-						    strbuf_detach(&submodname, NULL));
-		strbuf_release(&submodname);
+			free(name_cstr);
+		} else
+			config = string_list_append(&config_ignore_for_name, name_cstr);
 		config->util = xstrdup(value);
 		return 0;
 	}
@@ -255,7 +257,7 @@
 
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
-		unsigned dirty_submodule,
+		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
@@ -289,15 +291,15 @@
 		return;
 	}
 
-	strbuf_addf(&sb, "Submodule %s %s..", path,
+	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%sSubmodule %s %s..", meta, path,
 			find_unique_abbrev(one, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	if (!fast_backward && !fast_forward)
 		strbuf_addch(&sb, '.');
 	strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s", find_unique_abbrev(two, DEFAULT_ABBREV));
 	if (message)
-		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s\n", message);
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, " %s%s\n", message, reset);
 	else
-		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "");
+		strbuf_addf(&sb, "%s:%s\n", fast_backward ? " (rewind)" : "", reset);
 	fwrite(sb.buf, sb.len, 1, f);
 
 	if (!message) {
@@ -357,51 +359,38 @@
 					 void *data)
 {
 	int i;
-	int *needs_pushing = data;
+	struct string_list *needs_pushing = data;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < q->nr; i++) {
 		struct diff_filepair *p = q->queue[i];
 		if (!S_ISGITLINK(p->two->mode))
 			continue;
-		if (submodule_needs_pushing(p->two->path, p->two->sha1)) {
-			*needs_pushing = 1;
-			break;
-		}
+		if (submodule_needs_pushing(p->two->path, p->two->sha1))
+			string_list_insert(needs_pushing, p->two->path);
 	}
 }
 
-
-static void commit_need_pushing(struct commit *commit, struct commit_list *parent, int *needs_pushing)
+static void find_unpushed_submodule_commits(struct commit *commit,
+		struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 {
-	const unsigned char (*parents)[20];
-	unsigned int i, n;
 	struct rev_info rev;
 
-	n = commit_list_count(parent);
-	parents = xmalloc(n * sizeof(*parents));
-
-	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
-		hashcpy((unsigned char *)(parents + i), parent->item->object.sha1);
-		parent = parent->next;
-	}
-
 	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
 	rev.diffopt.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = collect_submodules_from_diff;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = needs_pushing;
-	diff_tree_combined(commit->object.sha1, parents, n, 1, &rev);
-
-	free(parents);
+	diff_tree_combined_merge(commit, 1, &rev);
 }
 
-int check_submodule_needs_pushing(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name)
+int find_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20],
+		const char *remotes_name, struct string_list *needs_pushing)
 {
 	struct rev_info rev;
 	struct commit *commit;
 	const char *argv[] = {NULL, NULL, "--not", "NULL", NULL};
 	int argc = ARRAY_SIZE(argv) - 1;
 	char *sha1_copy;
-	int needs_pushing = 0;
+
 	struct strbuf remotes_arg = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	strbuf_addf(&remotes_arg, "--remotes=%s", remotes_name);
@@ -413,13 +402,62 @@
 	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 
-	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) && !needs_pushing)
-		commit_need_pushing(commit, commit->parents, &needs_pushing);
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL)
+		find_unpushed_submodule_commits(commit, needs_pushing);
 
+	reset_revision_walk();
 	free(sha1_copy);
 	strbuf_release(&remotes_arg);
 
-	return needs_pushing;
+	return needs_pushing->nr;
+}
+
+static int push_submodule(const char *path)
+{
+	if (add_submodule_odb(path))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (for_each_remote_ref_submodule(path, has_remote, NULL) > 0) {
+		struct child_process cp;
+		const char *argv[] = {"push", NULL};
+
+		memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+		cp.argv = argv;
+		cp.env = local_repo_env;
+		cp.git_cmd = 1;
+		cp.no_stdin = 1;
+		cp.dir = path;
+		if (run_command(&cp))
+			return 0;
+		close(cp.out);
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name)
+{
+	int i, ret = 1;
+	struct string_list needs_pushing;
+
+	memset(&needs_pushing, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
+	needs_pushing.strdup_strings = 1;
+
+	if (!find_unpushed_submodules(new_sha1, remotes_name, &needs_pushing))
+		return 1;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing.nr; i++) {
+		const char *path = needs_pushing.items[i].string;
+		fprintf(stderr, "Pushing submodule '%s'\n", path);
+		if (!push_submodule(path)) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Unable to push submodule '%s'\n", path);
+			ret = 0;
+		}
+	}
+
+	string_list_clear(&needs_pushing, 0);
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 static int is_submodule_commit_present(const char *path, unsigned char sha1[20])
@@ -535,8 +573,7 @@
 			DIFF_OPT_SET(&diff_opts, RECURSIVE);
 			diff_opts.output_format |= DIFF_FORMAT_CALLBACK;
 			diff_opts.format_callback = submodule_collect_changed_cb;
-			if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
-				die("diff_setup_done failed");
+			diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
 			diff_tree_sha1(parent->item->object.sha1, commit->object.sha1, "", &diff_opts);
 			diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
 			diff_flush(&diff_opts);
@@ -550,13 +587,13 @@
 	initialized_fetch_ref_tips = 0;
 }
 
-int fetch_populated_submodules(int num_options, const char **options,
+int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
 			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
 			       int quiet)
 {
-	int i, result = 0, argc = 0, default_argc;
+	int i, result = 0;
 	struct child_process cp;
-	const char **argv;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct string_list_item *name_for_path;
 	const char *work_tree = get_git_work_tree();
 	if (!work_tree)
@@ -566,17 +603,13 @@
 		if (read_cache() < 0)
 			die("index file corrupt");
 
-	/* 6: "fetch" (options) --recurse-submodules-default default "--submodule-prefix" prefix NULL */
-	argv = xcalloc(num_options + 6, sizeof(const char *));
-	argv[argc++] = "fetch";
-	for (i = 0; i < num_options; i++)
-		argv[argc++] = options[i];
-	argv[argc++] = "--recurse-submodules-default";
-	default_argc = argc++;
-	argv[argc++] = "--submodule-prefix";
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "fetch");
+	for (i = 0; i < options->argc; i++)
+		argv_array_push(&argv, options->argv[i]);
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "--recurse-submodules-default");
+	/* default value, "--submodule-prefix" and its value are added later */
 
 	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
-	cp.argv = argv;
 	cp.env = local_repo_env;
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
 	cp.no_stdin = 1;
@@ -636,16 +669,21 @@
 			if (!quiet)
 				printf("Fetching submodule %s%s\n", prefix, ce->name);
 			cp.dir = submodule_path.buf;
-			argv[default_argc] = default_argv;
-			argv[argc] = submodule_prefix.buf;
+			argv_array_push(&argv, default_argv);
+			argv_array_push(&argv, "--submodule-prefix");
+			argv_array_push(&argv, submodule_prefix.buf);
+			cp.argv = argv.argv;
 			if (run_command(&cp))
 				result = 1;
+			argv_array_pop(&argv);
+			argv_array_pop(&argv);
+			argv_array_pop(&argv);
 		}
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_path);
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_git_dir);
 		strbuf_release(&submodule_prefix);
 	}
-	free(argv);
+	argv_array_clear(&argv);
 out:
 	string_list_clear(&changed_submodule_paths, 1);
 	return result;
@@ -689,7 +727,7 @@
 	cp.out = -1;
 	cp.dir = path;
 	if (start_command(&cp))
-		die("Could not run git status --porcelain");
+		die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain' in submodule %s", path);
 
 	len = strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024);
 	line = buf.buf;
@@ -714,12 +752,92 @@
 	close(cp.out);
 
 	if (finish_command(&cp))
-		die("git status --porcelain failed");
+		die("'git status --porcelain' failed in submodule %s", path);
 
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 	return dirty_submodule;
 }
 
+int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path)
+{
+	struct child_process cp;
+	const char *argv[] = {
+		"submodule",
+		"foreach",
+		"--quiet",
+		"--recursive",
+		"test -f .git",
+		NULL,
+	};
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	const char *git_dir;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s/.git", path);
+	git_dir = read_gitfile(buf.buf);
+	if (!git_dir) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	/* Now test that all nested submodules use a gitfile too */
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	cp.argv = argv;
+	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.no_stderr = 1;
+	cp.no_stdout = 1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+	if (run_command(&cp))
+		return 0;
+
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int ok_to_remove_submodule(const char *path)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+	ssize_t len;
+	struct child_process cp;
+	const char *argv[] = {
+		"status",
+		"--porcelain",
+		"-u",
+		"--ignore-submodules=none",
+		NULL,
+	};
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	int ok_to_remove = 1;
+
+	if ((lstat(path, &st) < 0) || is_empty_dir(path))
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!submodule_uses_gitfile(path))
+		return 0;
+
+	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
+	cp.argv = argv;
+	cp.env = local_repo_env;
+	cp.git_cmd = 1;
+	cp.no_stdin = 1;
+	cp.out = -1;
+	cp.dir = path;
+	if (start_command(&cp))
+		die("Could not run 'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' in submodule %s", path);
+
+	len = strbuf_read(&buf, cp.out, 1024);
+	if (len > 2)
+		ok_to_remove = 0;
+	close(cp.out);
+
+	if (finish_command(&cp))
+		die("'git status --porcelain -uall --ignore-submodules=none' failed in submodule %s", path);
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	return ok_to_remove;
+}
+
 static int find_first_merges(struct object_array *result, const char *path,
 		struct commit *a, struct commit *b)
 {
@@ -750,9 +868,10 @@
 		die("revision walk setup failed");
 	while ((commit = get_revision(&revs)) != NULL) {
 		struct object *o = &(commit->object);
-		if (in_merge_bases(b, &commit, 1))
+		if (in_merge_bases(b, commit))
 			add_object_array(o, NULL, &merges);
 	}
+	reset_revision_walk();
 
 	/* Now we've got all merges that contain a and b. Prune all
 	 * merges that contain another found merge and save them in
@@ -764,7 +883,7 @@
 		contains_another = 0;
 		for (j = 0; j < merges.nr; j++) {
 			struct commit *m2 = (struct commit *) merges.objects[j].item;
-			if (i != j && in_merge_bases(m2, &m1, 1)) {
+			if (i != j && in_merge_bases(m2, m1)) {
 				contains_another = 1;
 				break;
 			}
@@ -826,18 +945,18 @@
 	}
 
 	/* check whether both changes are forward */
-	if (!in_merge_bases(commit_base, &commit_a, 1) ||
-	    !in_merge_bases(commit_base, &commit_b, 1)) {
+	if (!in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_a) ||
+	    !in_merge_bases(commit_base, commit_b)) {
 		MERGE_WARNING(path, "commits don't follow merge-base");
 		return 0;
 	}
 
 	/* Case #1: a is contained in b or vice versa */
-	if (in_merge_bases(commit_a, &commit_b, 1)) {
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit_a, commit_b)) {
 		hashcpy(result, b);
 		return 1;
 	}
-	if (in_merge_bases(commit_b, &commit_a, 1)) {
+	if (in_merge_bases(commit_b, commit_a)) {
 		hashcpy(result, a);
 		return 1;
 	}
diff --git a/submodule.h b/submodule.h
index 80e04f3..3dc1b3f 100644
--- a/submodule.h
+++ b/submodule.h
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 #define SUBMODULE_H
 
 struct diff_options;
+struct argv_array;
 
 enum {
 	RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND = -1,
@@ -13,22 +14,26 @@
 void set_diffopt_flags_from_submodule_config(struct diff_options *diffopt,
 		const char *path);
 int submodule_config(const char *var, const char *value, void *cb);
-void gitmodules_config();
+void gitmodules_config(void);
 int parse_submodule_config_option(const char *var, const char *value);
 void handle_ignore_submodules_arg(struct diff_options *diffopt, const char *);
 int parse_fetch_recurse_submodules_arg(const char *opt, const char *arg);
 void show_submodule_summary(FILE *f, const char *path,
 		unsigned char one[20], unsigned char two[20],
-		unsigned dirty_submodule,
+		unsigned dirty_submodule, const char *meta,
 		const char *del, const char *add, const char *reset);
 void set_config_fetch_recurse_submodules(int value);
 void check_for_new_submodule_commits(unsigned char new_sha1[20]);
-int fetch_populated_submodules(int num_options, const char **options,
+int fetch_populated_submodules(const struct argv_array *options,
 			       const char *prefix, int command_line_option,
 			       int quiet);
 unsigned is_submodule_modified(const char *path, int ignore_untracked);
+int submodule_uses_gitfile(const char *path);
+int ok_to_remove_submodule(const char *path);
 int merge_submodule(unsigned char result[20], const char *path, const unsigned char base[20],
 		    const unsigned char a[20], const unsigned char b[20], int search);
-int check_submodule_needs_pushing(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name);
+int find_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name,
+		struct string_list *needs_pushing);
+int push_unpushed_submodules(unsigned char new_sha1[20], const char *remotes_name);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/symlinks.c b/symlinks.c
index 034943b..c2b41a8 100644
--- a/symlinks.c
+++ b/symlinks.c
@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 
+static int threaded_check_leading_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len);
+static int threaded_has_dirs_only_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len, int prefix_len);
+
 /*
  * Returns the length (on a path component basis) of the longest
  * common prefix match of 'name_a' and 'name_b'.
@@ -219,7 +222,20 @@
  */
 int check_leading_path(const char *name, int len)
 {
-	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+    return threaded_check_leading_path(&default_cache, name, len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return zero if path 'name' has a leading symlink component or
+ * if some leading path component does not exists.
+ *
+ * Return -1 if leading path exists and is a directory.
+ *
+ * Return path length if leading path exists and is neither a
+ * directory nor a symlink.
+ */
+static int threaded_check_leading_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len)
+{
 	int flags;
 	int match_len = lstat_cache_matchlen(cache, name, len, &flags,
 			   FL_SYMLINK|FL_NOENT|FL_DIR, USE_ONLY_LSTAT);
@@ -240,7 +256,18 @@
  */
 int has_dirs_only_path(const char *name, int len, int prefix_len)
 {
-	struct cache_def *cache = &default_cache;	/* FIXME */
+	return threaded_has_dirs_only_path(&default_cache, name, len, prefix_len);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Return non-zero if all path components of 'name' exists as a
+ * directory.  If prefix_len > 0, we will test with the stat()
+ * function instead of the lstat() function for a prefix length of
+ * 'prefix_len', thus we then allow for symlinks in the prefix part as
+ * long as those points to real existing directories.
+ */
+static int threaded_has_dirs_only_path(struct cache_def *cache, const char *name, int len, int prefix_len)
+{
 	return lstat_cache(cache, name, len,
 			   FL_DIR|FL_FULLPATH, prefix_len) &
 		FL_DIR;
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/00compile.t b/t/Git-SVN/00compile.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..c92fee4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/00compile.t
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More tests => 7;
+
+require_ok 'Git::SVN';
+require_ok 'Git::SVN::Utils';
+require_ok 'Git::SVN::Ra';
+require_ok 'Git::SVN::Log';
+require_ok 'Git::SVN::Migration';
+require_ok 'Git::IndexInfo';
+require_ok 'Git::SVN::GlobSpec';
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/add_path_to_url.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/add_path_to_url.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..bfbd878
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/add_path_to_url.t
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(
+	add_path_to_url
+);
+
+# A reference cannot be a hash key, so we use an array.
+my @tests = (
+	["http://x.com", "bar"]			=> 'http://x.com/bar',
+	["http://x.com", ""]			=> 'http://x.com',
+	["http://x.com/foo/", undef]		=> 'http://x.com/foo/',
+	["http://x.com/foo/", "/bar/baz/"]	=> 'http://x.com/foo/bar/baz/',
+	["http://x.com", 'per%cent']		=> 'http://x.com/per%25cent',
+);
+
+while(@tests) {
+	my($have, $want) = splice @tests, 0, 2;
+
+	my $args = join ", ", map { qq['$_'] } map { defined($_) ? $_ : 'undef' } @$have;
+	my $name = "add_path_to_url($args) eq $want";
+	is add_path_to_url(@$have), $want, $name;
+}
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/can_compress.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/can_compress.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d7b49b8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/can_compress.t
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(can_compress);
+
+# !! is the "convert this to boolean" operator.
+is !!can_compress(), !!eval { require Compress::Zlib };
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/canonicalize_url.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/canonicalize_url.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..05795ab
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/canonicalize_url.t
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+# Test our own home rolled URL canonicalizer.  Test the private one
+# directly because we can't predict what the SVN API is doing to do.
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils;
+my $canonicalize_url = \&Git::SVN::Utils::_canonicalize_url_ourselves;
+
+my %tests = (
+	"http://x.com"			=> "http://x.com",
+	"http://x.com/"			=> "http://x.com",
+	"http://x.com/foo/bar"		=> "http://x.com/foo/bar",
+	"http://x.com//foo//bar//"	=> "http://x.com/foo/bar",
+	"http://x.com/  /%/"		=> "http://x.com/%20%20/%25",
+);
+
+for my $arg (keys %tests) {
+	my $want = $tests{$arg};
+
+	is $canonicalize_url->($arg), $want, "canonicalize_url('$arg') => $want";
+}
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/collapse_dotdot.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/collapse_dotdot.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1da1cce
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/collapse_dotdot.t
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils;
+my $collapse_dotdot = \&Git::SVN::Utils::_collapse_dotdot;
+
+my %tests = (
+	"foo/bar/baz"			=> "foo/bar/baz",
+	".."				=> "..",
+	"foo/.."			=> "",
+	"/foo/bar/../../baz"		=> "/baz",
+	"deeply/.././deeply/nested"	=> "./deeply/nested",
+);
+
+for my $arg (keys %tests) {
+	my $want = $tests{$arg};
+
+	is $collapse_dotdot->($arg), $want, "_collapse_dotdot('$arg') => $want";
+}
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/fatal.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/fatal.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..49e1438
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/fatal.t
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+BEGIN {
+	# Override exit at BEGIN time before Git::SVN::Utils is loaded
+	# so it will see our local exit later.
+	*CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub(;$) {
+	return @_ ? CORE::exit($_[0]) : CORE::exit();
+	};
+}
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(fatal);
+
+# fatal()
+{
+	# Capture the exit code and prevent exit.
+	my $exit_status;
+	no warnings 'redefine';
+	local *CORE::GLOBAL::exit = sub { $exit_status = $_[0] || 0 };
+
+	# Trap fatal's message to STDERR
+	my $stderr;
+	close STDERR;
+	ok open STDERR, ">", \$stderr;
+
+	fatal "Some", "Stuff", "Happened";
+
+	is $stderr, "Some Stuff Happened\n";
+	is $exit_status, 1;
+}
diff --git a/t/Git-SVN/Utils/join_paths.t b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/join_paths.t
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d4488e7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/Git-SVN/Utils/join_paths.t
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+use Test::More 'no_plan';
+
+use Git::SVN::Utils qw(
+	join_paths
+);
+
+# A reference cannot be a hash key, so we use an array.
+my @tests = (
+	[]					=> '',
+	["/x.com", "bar"]			=> '/x.com/bar',
+	["x.com", ""]				=> 'x.com',
+	["/x.com/foo/", undef, "bar"]		=> '/x.com/foo/bar',
+	["x.com/foo/", "/bar/baz/"]		=> 'x.com/foo/bar/baz/',
+	["foo", "bar"]				=> 'foo/bar',
+	["/foo/bar", "baz", "/biff"]		=> '/foo/bar/baz/biff',
+	["", undef, "."]			=> '.',
+	[]					=> '',
+
+);
+
+while(@tests) {
+	my($have, $want) = splice @tests, 0, 2;
+
+	my $args = join ", ", map { qq['$_'] } map { defined($_) ? $_ : 'undef' } @$have;
+	my $name = "join_paths($args) eq '$want'";
+	is join_paths(@$have), $want, $name;
+}
diff --git a/t/Makefile b/t/Makefile
index 9046ec9..1923cc1 100644
--- a/t/Makefile
+++ b/t/Makefile
@@ -6,20 +6,22 @@
 -include ../config.mak.autogen
 -include ../config.mak
 
-#GIT_TEST_OPTS=--verbose --debug
+#GIT_TEST_OPTS = --verbose --debug
 SHELL_PATH ?= $(SHELL)
 PERL_PATH ?= /usr/bin/perl
 TAR ?= $(TAR)
 RM ?= rm -f
 PROVE ?= prove
 DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET ?= test
+TEST_LINT ?= test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
 
 # Shell quote;
 SHELL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(SHELL_PATH))
+PERL_PATH_SQ = $(subst ','\'',$(PERL_PATH))
 
-T = $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
-TSVN = $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
-TGITWEB = $(wildcard t95[0-9][0-9]-*.sh)
+T = $(sort $(wildcard t[0-9][0-9][0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+TSVN = $(sort $(wildcard t91[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
+TGITWEB = $(sort $(wildcard t95[0-9][0-9]-*.sh))
 
 all: $(DEFAULT_TEST_TARGET)
 
@@ -28,7 +30,7 @@
 
 prove: pre-clean $(TEST_LINT)
 	@echo "*** prove ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config $(PROVE) --exec '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $(GIT_PROVE_OPTS) $(T) :: $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
-	$(MAKE) clean
+	$(MAKE) clean-except-prove-cache
 
 $(T):
 	@echo "*** $@ ***"; GIT_CONFIG=.git/config '$(SHELL_PATH_SQ)' $@ $(GIT_TEST_OPTS)
@@ -36,12 +38,14 @@
 pre-clean:
 	$(RM) -r test-results
 
-clean:
+clean-except-prove-cache:
 	$(RM) -r 'trash directory'.* test-results
 	$(RM) -r valgrind/bin
+
+clean: clean-except-prove-cache
 	$(RM) .prove
 
-test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable
+test-lint: test-lint-duplicates test-lint-executable test-lint-shell-syntax
 
 test-lint-duplicates:
 	@dups=`echo $(T) | tr ' ' '\n' | sed 's/-.*//' | sort | uniq -d` && \
@@ -53,6 +57,9 @@
 		test -z "$$bad" || { \
 		echo >&2 "non-executable tests:" $$bad; exit 1; }
 
+test-lint-shell-syntax:
+	@'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' check-non-portable-shell.pl $(T)
+
 aggregate-results-and-cleanup: $(T)
 	$(MAKE) aggregate-results
 	$(MAKE) clean
@@ -73,6 +80,9 @@
 valgrind:
 	$(MAKE) GIT_TEST_OPTS="$(GIT_TEST_OPTS) --valgrind"
 
+perf:
+	$(MAKE) -C perf/ all
+
 # Smoke testing targets
 -include ../GIT-VERSION-FILE
 uname_S := $(shell sh -c 'uname -s 2>/dev/null || echo unknown')
@@ -82,7 +92,7 @@
 	mkdir -p test-results
 
 test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz: test-results
-	$(PERL_PATH) ./harness \
+	'$(PERL_PATH_SQ)' ./harness \
 		--archive="test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz" \
 		$(T)
 
@@ -111,4 +121,4 @@
 		http://smoke.git.nix.is/app/projects/process_add_report/1 \
 	| grep -v ^Redirecting
 
-.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind smoke smoke_report
+.PHONY: pre-clean $(T) aggregate-results clean valgrind perf
diff --git a/t/README b/t/README
index c85abaf..e4128e5 100644
--- a/t/README
+++ b/t/README
@@ -307,6 +307,25 @@
    Use test_done instead if you need to stop the tests early (see
    "Skipping tests" below).
 
+ - use '! git cmd' when you want to make sure the git command exits
+   with failure in a controlled way by calling "die()".  Instead,
+   use 'test_must_fail git cmd'.  This will signal a failure if git
+   dies in an unexpected way (e.g. segfault).
+
+ - use perl without spelling it as "$PERL_PATH". This is to help our
+   friends on Windows where the platform Perl often adds CR before
+   the end of line, and they bundle Git with a version of Perl that
+   does not do so, whose path is specified with $PERL_PATH.
+
+ - use sh without spelling it as "$SHELL_PATH", when the script can
+   be misinterpreted by broken platform shell (e.g. Solaris).
+
+ - chdir around in tests.  It is not sufficient to chdir to
+   somewhere and then chdir back to the original location later in
+   the test, as any intermediate step can fail and abort the test,
+   causing the next test to start in an unexpected directory.  Do so
+   inside a subshell if necessary.
+
  - Break the TAP output
 
    The raw output from your test may be interpreted by a TAP harness. TAP
@@ -342,9 +361,9 @@
 of the test_* functions (see the "Test harness library" section
 below), e.g.:
 
-    test_expect_success PERL 'I need Perl' "
-        '$PERL_PATH' -e 'hlagh() if unf_unf()'
-    "
+    test_expect_success PERL 'I need Perl' '
+        "$PERL_PATH" -e "hlagh() if unf_unf()"
+    '
 
 The advantage of skipping tests like this is that platforms that don't
 have the PERL and other optional dependencies get an indication of how
@@ -548,6 +567,19 @@
 		...
 	'
 
+ - test_pause
+
+	This command is useful for writing and debugging tests and must be
+	removed before submitting. It halts the execution of the test and
+	spawns a shell in the trash directory. Exit the shell to continue
+	the test. Example:
+
+	test_expect_success 'test' '
+		git do-something >actual &&
+		test_pause &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
 Prerequisites
 -------------
 
@@ -593,6 +625,15 @@
    Git was compiled with USE_LIBPCRE=YesPlease. Wrap any tests
    that use git-grep --perl-regexp or git-grep -P in these.
 
+ - CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
+
+   Test is run on a case insensitive file system.
+
+ - UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC
+
+   Test is run on a filesystem which converts decomposed utf-8 (nfd)
+   to precomposed utf-8 (nfc).
+
 Tips for Writing Tests
 ----------------------
 
@@ -658,76 +699,3 @@
 That'll generate a detailed cover report in the "cover_db_html"
 directory, which you can then copy to a webserver, or inspect locally
 in a browser.
-
-Smoke testing
--------------
-
-The Git test suite has support for smoke testing. Smoke testing is
-when you submit the results of a test run to a central server for
-analysis and aggregation.
-
-Running a smoke tester is an easy and valuable way of contributing to
-Git development, particularly if you have access to an uncommon OS on
-obscure hardware.
-
-After building Git you can generate a smoke report like this in the
-"t" directory:
-
-    make clean smoke
-
-You can also pass arguments via the environment. This should make it
-faster:
-
-    GIT_TEST_OPTS='--root=/dev/shm' TEST_JOBS=10 make clean smoke
-
-The "smoke" target will run the Git test suite with Perl's
-"TAP::Harness" module, and package up the results in a .tar.gz archive
-with "TAP::Harness::Archive". The former is included with Perl v5.10.1
-or later, but you'll need to install the latter from the CPAN. See the
-"Test coverage" section above for how you might do that.
-
-Once the "smoke" target finishes you'll see a message like this:
-
-    TAP Archive created at <path to git>/t/test-results/git-smoke.tar.gz
-
-To upload the smoke report you need to have curl(1) installed, then
-do:
-
-    make smoke_report
-
-To upload the report anonymously. Hopefully that'll return something
-like "Reported #7 added.".
-
-If you're going to be uploading reports frequently please request a
-user account by E-Mailing gitsmoke@v.nix.is. Once you have a username
-and password you'll be able to do:
-
-    SMOKE_USERNAME=<username> SMOKE_PASSWORD=<password> make smoke_report
-
-You can also add an additional comment to attach to the report, and/or
-a comma separated list of tags:
-
-    SMOKE_USERNAME=<username> SMOKE_PASSWORD=<password> \
-        SMOKE_COMMENT=<comment> SMOKE_TAGS=<tags> \
-        make smoke_report
-
-Once the report is uploaded it'll be made available at
-http://smoke.git.nix.is, here's an overview of Recent Smoke Reports
-for Git:
-
-    http://smoke.git.nix.is/app/projects/smoke_reports/1
-
-The reports will also be mirrored to GitHub every few hours:
-
-    http://github.com/gitsmoke/smoke-reports
-
-The Smolder SQLite database is also mirrored and made available for
-download:
-
-    http://github.com/gitsmoke/smoke-database
-
-Note that the database includes hashed (with crypt()) user passwords
-and E-Mail addresses. Don't use a valuable password for the smoke
-service if you have an account, or an E-Mail address you don't want to
-be publicly known. The user accounts are just meant to be convenient
-labels, they're not meant to be secure.
diff --git a/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8b5a71d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/check-non-portable-shell.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+# Test t0000..t9999.sh for non portable shell scripts
+# This script can be called with one or more filenames as parameters
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+
+my $exit_code=0;
+
+sub err {
+	my $msg = shift;
+	print "$ARGV:$.: error: $msg: $_\n";
+	$exit_code = 1;
+}
+
+while (<>) {
+	chomp;
+	/^\s*sed\s+-i/ and err 'sed -i is not portable';
+	/^\s*echo\s+-n/ and err 'echo -n is not portable (please use printf)';
+	/^\s*declare\s+/ and err 'arrays/declare not portable';
+	/^\s*[^#]\s*which\s/ and err 'which is not portable (please use type)';
+	/test\s+[^=]*==/ and err '"test a == b" is not portable (please use =)';
+	# this resets our $. for each file
+	close ARGV if eof;
+}
+exit $exit_code;
diff --git a/t/gitweb-lib.sh b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
index 292753f..ae2dc46 100644
--- a/t/gitweb-lib.sh
+++ b/t/gitweb-lib.sh
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 our \$project_maxdepth = 8;
 our \$home_link_str = 'projects';
 our \$site_name = '[localhost]';
+our \$site_html_head_string = '';
 our \$site_header = '';
 our \$site_footer = '';
 our \$home_text = 'indextext.html';
@@ -68,7 +69,7 @@
 	# written to web server logs, so we are not interested in that:
 	# we are interested only in properly formatted errors/warnings
 	rm -f gitweb.log &&
-	perl -- "$SCRIPT_NAME" \
+	"$PERL_PATH" -- "$SCRIPT_NAME" \
 		>gitweb.output 2>gitweb.log &&
 	perl -w -e '
 		open O, ">gitweb.headers";
diff --git a/t/harness b/t/harness
deleted file mode 100755
index f5c02f4..0000000
--- a/t/harness
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,21 +0,0 @@
-#!/usr/bin/perl
-use strict;
-use warnings;
-use Getopt::Long ();
-use TAP::Harness::Archive;
-
-Getopt::Long::Parser->new(
-	config => [ qw/ pass_through / ],
-)->getoptions(
-	'jobs:1'    => \(my $jobs = $ENV{TEST_JOBS}),
-	'archive=s' => \my $archive,
-) or die "$0: Couldn't getoptions()";
-
-TAP::Harness::Archive->new({
-	jobs             => $jobs,
-	archive          => $archive,
-	($ENV{GIT_TEST_OPTS}
-	 ? (test_args    => [ split /\s+/, $ENV{GIT_TEST_OPTS} ])
-	 : ()),
-	extra_properties => {},
-})->runtests(@ARGV);
diff --git a/t/lib-bash.sh b/t/lib-bash.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..11397f7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-bash.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Ensures that tests are run under Bash; primarily intended for running tests
+# of the completion script.
+
+if test -n "$BASH" && test -z "$POSIXLY_CORRECT"; then
+	# we are in full-on bash mode
+	true
+elif type bash >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+	# execute in full-on bash mode
+	unset POSIXLY_CORRECT
+	exec bash "$0" "$@"
+else
+	echo '1..0 #SKIP skipping bash completion tests; bash not available'
+	exit 0
+fi
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
diff --git a/t/lib-credential.sh b/t/lib-credential.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3c43ff1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-credential.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,293 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# Try a set of credential helpers; the expected stdin,
+# stdout and stderr should be provided on stdin,
+# separated by "--".
+check() {
+	credential_opts=
+	credential_cmd=$1
+	shift
+	for arg in "$@"; do
+		credential_opts="$credential_opts -c credential.helper='$arg'"
+	done
+	read_chunk >stdin &&
+	read_chunk >expect-stdout &&
+	read_chunk >expect-stderr &&
+	if ! eval "git $credential_opts credential $credential_cmd <stdin >stdout 2>stderr"; then
+		echo "git credential failed with code $?" &&
+		cat stderr &&
+		false
+	fi &&
+	if test_have_prereq MINGW
+	then
+		dos2unix -q stderr
+	fi &&
+	test_cmp expect-stdout stdout &&
+	test_cmp expect-stderr stderr
+}
+
+read_chunk() {
+	while read line; do
+		case "$line" in
+		--) break ;;
+		*) echo "$line" ;;
+		esac
+	done
+}
+
+# Clear any residual data from previous tests. We only
+# need this when testing third-party helpers which read and
+# write outside of our trash-directory sandbox.
+#
+# Don't bother checking for success here, as it is
+# outside the scope of tests and represents a best effort to
+# clean up after ourselves.
+helper_test_clean() {
+	reject $1 https example.com store-user
+	reject $1 https example.com user1
+	reject $1 https example.com user2
+	reject $1 http path.tld user
+	reject $1 https timeout.tld user
+}
+
+reject() {
+	(
+		echo protocol=$2
+		echo host=$3
+		echo username=$4
+	) | git -c credential.helper=$1 credential reject
+}
+
+helper_test() {
+	HELPER=$1
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) has no existing data" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''https://example.com'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://askpass-username@example.com'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) stores password" '
+		check approve $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=store-user
+		password=store-pass
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) can retrieve password" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=store-user
+		password=store-pass
+		--
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) requires matching protocol" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=http
+		host=example.com
+		--
+		protocol=http
+		host=example.com
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''http://example.com'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''http://askpass-username@example.com'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) requires matching host" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=other.tld
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=other.tld
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''https://other.tld'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://askpass-username@other.tld'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) requires matching username" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=other
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=other
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://other@example.com'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) requires matching path" '
+		test_config credential.usehttppath true &&
+		check approve $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=http
+		host=path.tld
+		path=foo.git
+		username=user
+		password=pass
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=http
+		host=path.tld
+		path=bar.git
+		--
+		protocol=http
+		host=path.tld
+		path=bar.git
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''http://path.tld/bar.git'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''http://askpass-username@path.tld/bar.git'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) can forget host" '
+		check reject $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''https://example.com'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://askpass-username@example.com'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) can store multiple users" '
+		check approve $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		password=pass1
+		EOF
+		check approve $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user2
+		password=pass2
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		password=pass1
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user2
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user2
+		password=pass2
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) can forget user" '
+		check reject $HELPER <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		EOF
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user1
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://user1@example.com'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) remembers other user" '
+		check fill $HELPER <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user2
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=example.com
+		username=user2
+		password=pass2
+		EOF
+	'
+}
+
+helper_test_timeout() {
+	HELPER="$*"
+
+	test_expect_success "helper ($HELPER) times out" '
+		check approve "$HELPER" <<-\EOF &&
+		protocol=https
+		host=timeout.tld
+		username=user
+		password=pass
+		EOF
+		sleep 2 &&
+		check fill "$HELPER" <<-\EOF
+		protocol=https
+		host=timeout.tld
+		--
+		protocol=https
+		host=timeout.tld
+		username=askpass-username
+		password=askpass-password
+		--
+		askpass: Username for '\''https://timeout.tld'\'':
+		askpass: Password for '\''https://askpass-username@timeout.tld'\'':
+		EOF
+	'
+}
+
+cat >askpass <<\EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+echo >&2 askpass: $*
+what=`echo $1 | cut -d" " -f1 | tr A-Z a-z | tr -cd a-z`
+echo "askpass-$what"
+EOF
+chmod +x askpass
+GIT_ASKPASS="$PWD/askpass"
+export GIT_ASKPASS
diff --git a/t/lib-gettext.sh b/t/lib-gettext.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ae8883a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-gettext.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/po/build/locale"
+GIT_PO_PATH="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/po"
+export GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR GIT_PO_PATH
+
+. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/git-sh-i18n
+
+if test_have_prereq GETTEXT && ! test_have_prereq GETTEXT_POISON
+then
+	# is_IS.UTF-8 on Solaris and FreeBSD, is_IS.utf8 on Debian
+	is_IS_locale=$(locale -a 2>/dev/null |
+		sed -n '/^is_IS\.[uU][tT][fF]-*8$/{
+		p
+		q
+	}')
+	# is_IS.ISO8859-1 on Solaris and FreeBSD, is_IS.iso88591 on Debian
+	is_IS_iso_locale=$(locale -a 2>/dev/null |
+		sed -n '/^is_IS\.[iI][sS][oO]8859-*1$/{
+		p
+		q
+	}')
+
+	# Export them as an environment variable so the t0202/test.pl Perl
+	# test can use it too
+	export is_IS_locale is_IS_iso_locale
+
+	if test -n "$is_IS_locale" &&
+		test $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME != "fallthrough"
+	then
+		# Some of the tests need the reference Icelandic locale
+		test_set_prereq GETTEXT_LOCALE
+
+		# Exporting for t0202/test.pl
+		GETTEXT_LOCALE=1
+		export GETTEXT_LOCALE
+		say "# lib-gettext: Found '$is_IS_locale' as an is_IS UTF-8 locale"
+	else
+		say "# lib-gettext: No is_IS UTF-8 locale available"
+	fi
+
+	if test -n "$is_IS_iso_locale" &&
+		test $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME != "fallthrough"
+	then
+		# Some of the tests need the reference Icelandic locale
+		test_set_prereq GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE
+
+		say "# lib-gettext: Found '$is_IS_iso_locale' as an is_IS ISO-8859-1 locale"
+	else
+		say "# lib-gettext: No is_IS ISO-8859-1 locale available"
+	fi
+fi
diff --git a/t/lib-git-daemon.sh b/t/lib-git-daemon.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87f0ad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-git-daemon.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+if test -z "$GIT_TEST_GIT_DAEMON"
+then
+	skip_all="git-daemon testing disabled (define GIT_TEST_GIT_DAEMON to enable)"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT=${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT-'8121'}
+
+GIT_DAEMON_PID=
+GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH="$PWD"/repo
+GIT_DAEMON_URL=git://127.0.0.1:$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT
+
+start_git_daemon() {
+	if test -n "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
+	then
+		error "start_git_daemon already called"
+	fi
+
+	mkdir -p "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
+
+	trap 'code=$?; stop_git_daemon; (exit $code); die' EXIT
+
+	say >&3 "Starting git daemon ..."
+	mkfifo git_daemon_output
+	git daemon --listen=127.0.0.1 --port="$LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT" \
+		--reuseaddr --verbose \
+		--base-path="$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH" \
+		"$@" "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH" \
+		>&3 2>git_daemon_output &
+	GIT_DAEMON_PID=$!
+	{
+		read line <&7
+		echo >&4 "$line"
+		cat <&7 >&4 &
+	} 7<git_daemon_output &&
+
+	# Check expected output
+	if test x"$(expr "$line" : "\[[0-9]*\] \(.*\)")" != x"Ready to rumble"
+	then
+		kill "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
+		wait "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
+		trap 'die' EXIT
+		error "git daemon failed to start"
+	fi
+}
+
+stop_git_daemon() {
+	if test -z "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
+	then
+		return
+	fi
+
+	trap 'die' EXIT
+
+	# kill git-daemon child of git
+	say >&3 "Stopping git daemon ..."
+	kill "$GIT_DAEMON_PID"
+	wait "$GIT_DAEMON_PID" >&3 2>&4
+	ret=$?
+	# expect exit with status 143 = 128+15 for signal TERM=15
+	if test $ret -ne 143
+	then
+		error "git daemon exited with status: $ret"
+	fi
+	GIT_DAEMON_PID=
+	rm -f git_daemon_output
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-git-p4.sh b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2098b9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/lib-git-p4.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,163 @@
+#
+# Library code for git p4 tests
+#
+
+# p4 tests never use the top-level repo; always build/clone into
+# a subdirectory called "$git"
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=NoThanks
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON
+then
+	skip_all='skipping git p4 tests; python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+( p4 -h && p4d -h ) >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping git p4 tests; no p4 or p4d'
+	test_done
+}
+
+# On cygwin, the NT version of Perforce can be used.  When giving
+# it paths, either on the command-line or in client specifications,
+# be sure to use the native windows form.
+#
+# Older versions of perforce were available compiled natively for
+# cygwin.  Those do not accept native windows paths, so make sure
+# not to convert for them.
+native_path() {
+	path="$1" &&
+	if test_have_prereq CYGWIN && ! p4 -V | grep -q CYGWIN
+	then
+		path=$(cygpath --windows "$path")
+	else
+		path=$(test-path-utils real_path "$path")
+	fi &&
+	echo "$path"
+}
+
+# Try to pick a unique port: guess a large number, then hope
+# no more than one of each test is running.
+#
+# This does not handle the case where somebody else is running the
+# same tests and has chosen the same ports.
+testid=${this_test#t}
+git_p4_test_start=9800
+P4DPORT=$((10669 + ($testid - $git_p4_test_start)))
+
+P4PORT=localhost:$P4DPORT
+P4CLIENT=client
+P4EDITOR=:
+export P4PORT P4CLIENT P4EDITOR
+
+db="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/db"
+cli="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli"
+git="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/git"
+pidfile="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/p4d.pid"
+
+start_p4d() {
+	mkdir -p "$db" "$cli" "$git" &&
+	rm -f "$pidfile" &&
+	(
+		cd "$db" &&
+		{
+			p4d -q -p $P4DPORT &
+			echo $! >"$pidfile"
+		}
+	) &&
+
+	# This gives p4d a long time to start up, as it can be
+	# quite slow depending on the machine.  Set this environment
+	# variable to something smaller to fail faster in, say,
+	# an automated test setup.  If the p4d process dies, that
+	# will be caught with the "kill -0" check below.
+	i=${P4D_START_PATIENCE:-300}
+	pid=$(cat "$pidfile")
+	ready=
+	while test $i -gt 0
+	do
+		# succeed when p4 client commands start to work
+		if p4 info >/dev/null 2>&1
+		then
+			ready=true
+			break
+		fi
+		# fail if p4d died
+		kill -0 $pid 2>/dev/null || break
+		echo waiting for p4d to start
+		sleep 1
+		i=$(( $i - 1 ))
+	done
+
+	if test -z "$ready"
+	then
+		# p4d failed to start
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	# build a client
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+
+	return 0
+}
+
+kill_p4d() {
+	pid=$(cat "$pidfile")
+	# it had better exist for the first kill
+	kill $pid &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5 ; do
+		kill $pid >/dev/null 2>&1 || break
+		sleep 1
+	done &&
+	# complain if it would not die
+	test_must_fail kill $pid >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	rm -rf "$db" "$cli" "$pidfile"
+}
+
+cleanup_git() {
+	rm -rf "$git" &&
+	mkdir "$git"
+}
+
+marshal_dump() {
+	what=$1 &&
+	line=${2:-1} &&
+	cat >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/marshal-dump.py" <<-EOF &&
+	import marshal
+	import sys
+	for i in range($line):
+	    d = marshal.load(sys.stdin)
+	print d['$what']
+	EOF
+	"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/marshal-dump.py"
+}
+
+#
+# Construct a client with this list of View lines
+#
+client_view() {
+	(
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		Client: $P4CLIENT
+		Description: $P4CLIENT
+		Root: $cli
+		AltRoots: $(native_path "$cli")
+		LineEnd: unix
+		View:
+		EOF
+		printf "\t%s\n" "$@"
+	) | p4 client -i
+}
+
+is_cli_file_writeable() {
+	# cygwin version of p4 does not set read-only attr,
+	# will be marked 444 but -w is true
+	file="$1" &&
+	if test_have_prereq CYGWIN && p4 -V | grep -q CYGWIN
+	then
+		stat=$(stat --format=%a "$file") &&
+		test $stat = 644
+	else
+		test -w "$file"
+	fi
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd.sh b/t/lib-httpd.sh
index f7dc078..02f442b 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd.sh
+++ b/t/lib-httpd.sh
@@ -43,6 +43,10 @@
 HTTPD_ROOT_PATH="$PWD"/httpd
 HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH=$HTTPD_ROOT_PATH/www
 
+# hack to suppress apache PassEnv warnings
+GIT_VALGRIND=$GIT_VALGRIND; export GIT_VALGRIND
+GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS=$GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS; export GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS
+
 if ! test -x "$LIB_HTTPD_PATH"
 then
 	skip_all="skipping test, no web server found at '$LIB_HTTPD_PATH'"
@@ -160,6 +164,45 @@
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success 'non-fast-forward push shows help message' '
-		test_i18ngrep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" output
+		test_i18ngrep "Updates were rejected because" output
 	'
 }
+
+setup_askpass_helper() {
+	test_expect_success 'setup askpass helper' '
+		write_script "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass" <<-\EOF &&
+		echo >>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-query" "askpass: $*" &&
+		cat "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-response"
+		EOF
+		GIT_ASKPASS="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass" &&
+		export GIT_ASKPASS &&
+		export TRASH_DIRECTORY
+	'
+}
+
+set_askpass() {
+	>"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-query" &&
+	echo "$*" >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-response"
+}
+
+expect_askpass() {
+	dest=$HTTPD_DEST
+	{
+		case "$1" in
+		none)
+			;;
+		pass)
+			echo "askpass: Password for 'http://$2@$dest': "
+			;;
+		both)
+			echo "askpass: Username for 'http://$dest': "
+			echo "askpass: Password for 'http://$2@$dest': "
+			;;
+		*)
+			false
+			;;
+		esac
+	} >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-expect" &&
+	test_cmp "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-expect" \
+		 "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/askpass-query"
+}
diff --git a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
index 0a4cdfa..fe76e84 100644
--- a/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
+++ b/t/lib-httpd/apache.conf
@@ -42,20 +42,28 @@
 </IfModule>
 </IfVersion>
 
-Alias /dumb/ www/
-Alias /auth/ www/auth/
+PassEnv GIT_VALGRIND
+PassEnv GIT_VALGRIND_OPTIONS
 
-<Location /smart/>
+Alias /dumb/ www/
+Alias /auth/dumb/ www/auth/dumb/
+
+<LocationMatch /smart/>
 	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
 	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
-</Location>
-<Location /smart_noexport/>
+</LocationMatch>
+<LocationMatch /smart_noexport/>
 	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
-</Location>
-ScriptAlias /smart/ ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/
-ScriptAlias /smart_noexport/ ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/
+</LocationMatch>
+<LocationMatch /smart_custom_env/>
+	SetEnv GIT_EXEC_PATH ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}
+	SetEnv GIT_HTTP_EXPORT_ALL
+	SetEnv GIT_COMMITTER_NAME "Custom User"
+	SetEnv GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL custom@example.com
+</LocationMatch>
+ScriptAliasMatch /smart_*[^/]*/(.*) ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend/$1
 <Directory ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}>
-	Options None
+	Options FollowSymlinks
 </Directory>
 <Files ${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/git-http-backend>
 	Options ExecCGI
@@ -84,6 +92,20 @@
 	Require valid-user
 </Location>
 
+<LocationMatch "^/auth-push/.*/git-receive-pack$">
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "git-auth"
+	AuthUserFile passwd
+	Require valid-user
+</LocationMatch>
+
+<LocationMatch "^/auth-fetch/.*/git-upload-pack$">
+	AuthType Basic
+	AuthName "git-auth"
+	AuthUserFile passwd
+	Require valid-user
+</LocationMatch>
+
 <IfDefine DAV>
 	LoadModule dav_module modules/mod_dav.so
 	LoadModule dav_fs_module modules/mod_dav_fs.so
@@ -92,6 +114,9 @@
 	<Location /dumb/>
 		Dav on
 	</Location>
+	<Location /auth/dumb>
+		Dav on
+	</Location>
 </IfDefine>
 
 <IfDefine SVN>
diff --git a/t/perf/.gitignore b/t/perf/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..982eb8e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+/build/
+/test-results/
+/trash directory*/
diff --git a/t/perf/Makefile b/t/perf/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..8c47155
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+-include ../../config.mak
+export GIT_TEST_OPTIONS
+
+all: perf
+
+perf: pre-clean
+	./run
+
+pre-clean:
+	rm -rf test-results
+
+clean:
+	rm -rf build "trash directory".* test-results
+
+.PHONY: all perf pre-clean clean
diff --git a/t/perf/README b/t/perf/README
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b2dbad4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/README
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+Git performance tests
+=====================
+
+This directory holds performance testing scripts for git tools.  The
+first part of this document describes the various ways in which you
+can run them.
+
+When fixing the tools or adding enhancements, you are strongly
+encouraged to add tests in this directory to cover what you are
+trying to fix or enhance.  The later part of this short document
+describes how your test scripts should be organized.
+
+
+Running Tests
+-------------
+
+The easiest way to run tests is to say "make".  This runs all
+the tests on the current git repository.
+
+    === Running 2 tests in this tree ===
+    [...]
+    Test                                     this tree
+    ---------------------------------------------------------
+    0001.1: rev-list --all                   0.54(0.51+0.02)
+    0001.2: rev-list --all --objects         6.14(5.99+0.11)
+    7810.1: grep worktree, cheap regex       0.16(0.16+0.35)
+    7810.2: grep worktree, expensive regex   7.90(29.75+0.37)
+    7810.3: grep --cached, cheap regex       3.07(3.02+0.25)
+    7810.4: grep --cached, expensive regex   9.39(30.57+0.24)
+
+You can compare multiple repositories and even git revisions with the
+'run' script:
+
+    $ ./run . origin/next /path/to/git-tree p0001-rev-list.sh
+
+where . stands for the current git tree.  The full invocation is
+
+    ./run [<revision|directory>...] [--] [<test-script>...]
+
+A '.' argument is implied if you do not pass any other
+revisions/directories.
+
+You can also manually test this or another git build tree, and then
+call the aggregation script to summarize the results:
+
+    $ ./p0001-rev-list.sh
+    [...]
+    $ GIT_BUILD_DIR=/path/to/other/git ./p0001-rev-list.sh
+    [...]
+    $ ./aggregate.perl . /path/to/other/git ./p0001-rev-list.sh
+
+aggregate.perl has the same invocation as 'run', it just does not run
+anything beforehand.
+
+You can set the following variables (also in your config.mak):
+
+    GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT
+	Number of times a test should be repeated for best-of-N
+	measurements.  Defaults to 5.
+
+    GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS
+	Options to use when automatically building a git tree for
+	performance testing.  E.g., -j6 would be useful.
+
+    GIT_PERF_REPO
+    GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO
+	Repositories to copy for the performance tests.  The normal
+	repo should be at least git.git size.  The large repo should
+	probably be about linux-2.6.git size for optimal results.
+	Both default to the git.git you are running from.
+
+You can also pass the options taken by ordinary git tests; the most
+useful one is:
+
+--root=<directory>::
+	Create "trash" directories used to store all temporary data during
+	testing under <directory>, instead of the t/ directory.
+	Using this option with a RAM-based filesystem (such as tmpfs)
+	can massively speed up the test suite.
+
+
+Naming Tests
+------------
+
+The performance test files are named as:
+
+	pNNNN-commandname-details.sh
+
+where N is a decimal digit.  The same conventions for choosing NNNN as
+for normal tests apply.
+
+
+Writing Tests
+-------------
+
+The perf script starts much like a normal test script, except it
+sources perf-lib.sh:
+
+	#!/bin/sh
+	#
+	# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
+	#
+
+	test_description='xxx performance test'
+	. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+After that you will want to use some of the following:
+
+	test_perf_default_repo  # sets up a "normal" repository
+	test_perf_large_repo    # sets up a "large" repository
+
+	test_perf_default_repo sub  # ditto, in a subdir "sub"
+
+        test_checkout_worktree  # if you need the worktree too
+
+At least one of the first two is required!
+
+You can use test_expect_success as usual.  For actual performance
+tests, use
+
+	test_perf 'descriptive string' '
+		command1 &&
+		command2
+	'
+
+test_perf spawns a subshell, for lack of better options.  This means
+that
+
+* you _must_ export all variables that you need in the subshell
+
+* you _must_ flag all variables that you want to persist from the
+  subshell with 'test_export':
+
+	test_perf 'descriptive string' '
+		foo=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		test_export foo
+	'
+
+  The so-exported variables are automatically marked for export in the
+  shell executing the perf test.  For your convenience, test_export is
+  the same as export in the main shell.
+
+  This feature relies on a bit of magic using 'set' and 'source'.
+  While we have tried to make sure that it can cope with embedded
+  whitespace and other special characters, it will not work with
+  multi-line data.
diff --git a/t/perf/aggregate.perl b/t/perf/aggregate.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..15f7fc1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/aggregate.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,166 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use Git;
+
+sub get_times {
+	my $name = shift;
+	open my $fh, "<", $name or return undef;
+	my $line = <$fh>;
+	return undef if not defined $line;
+	close $fh or die "cannot close $name: $!";
+	$line =~ /^(?:(\d+):)?(\d+):(\d+(?:\.\d+)?) (\d+(?:\.\d+)?) (\d+(?:\.\d+)?)$/
+		or die "bad input line: $line";
+	my $rt = ((defined $1 ? $1 : 0.0)*60+$2)*60+$3;
+	return ($rt, $4, $5);
+}
+
+sub format_times {
+	my ($r, $u, $s, $firstr) = @_;
+	if (!defined $r) {
+		return "<missing>";
+	}
+	my $out = sprintf "%.2f(%.2f+%.2f)", $r, $u, $s;
+	if (defined $firstr) {
+		if ($firstr > 0) {
+			$out .= sprintf " %+.1f%%", 100.0*($r-$firstr)/$firstr;
+		} elsif ($r == 0) {
+			$out .= " =";
+		} else {
+			$out .= " +inf";
+		}
+	}
+	return $out;
+}
+
+my (@dirs, %dirnames, %dirabbrevs, %prefixes, @tests);
+while (scalar @ARGV) {
+	my $arg = $ARGV[0];
+	my $dir;
+	last if -f $arg or $arg eq "--";
+	if (! -d $arg) {
+		my $rev = Git::command_oneline(qw(rev-parse --verify), $arg);
+		$dir = "build/".$rev;
+	} else {
+		$arg =~ s{/*$}{};
+		$dir = $arg;
+		$dirabbrevs{$dir} = $dir;
+	}
+	push @dirs, $dir;
+	$dirnames{$dir} = $arg;
+	my $prefix = $dir;
+	$prefix =~ tr/^a-zA-Z0-9/_/c;
+	$prefixes{$dir} = $prefix . '.';
+	shift @ARGV;
+}
+
+if (not @dirs) {
+	@dirs = ('.');
+}
+$dirnames{'.'} = $dirabbrevs{'.'} = "this tree";
+$prefixes{'.'} = '';
+
+shift @ARGV if scalar @ARGV and $ARGV[0] eq "--";
+
+@tests = @ARGV;
+if (not @tests) {
+	@tests = glob "p????-*.sh";
+}
+
+my @subtests;
+my %shorttests;
+for my $t (@tests) {
+	$t =~ s{(?:.*/)?(p(\d+)-[^/]+)\.sh$}{$1} or die "bad test name: $t";
+	my $n = $2;
+	my $fname = "test-results/$t.subtests";
+	open my $fp, "<", $fname or die "cannot open $fname: $!";
+	for (<$fp>) {
+		chomp;
+		/^(\d+)$/ or die "malformed subtest line: $_";
+		push @subtests, "$t.$1";
+		$shorttests{"$t.$1"} = "$n.$1";
+	}
+	close $fp or die "cannot close $fname: $!";
+}
+
+sub read_descr {
+	my $name = shift;
+	open my $fh, "<", $name or return "<error reading description>";
+	my $line = <$fh>;
+	close $fh or die "cannot close $name";
+	chomp $line;
+	return $line;
+}
+
+my %descrs;
+my $descrlen = 4; # "Test"
+for my $t (@subtests) {
+	$descrs{$t} = $shorttests{$t}.": ".read_descr("test-results/$t.descr");
+	$descrlen = length $descrs{$t} if length $descrs{$t}>$descrlen;
+}
+
+sub have_duplicate {
+	my %seen;
+	for (@_) {
+		return 1 if exists $seen{$_};
+		$seen{$_} = 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+sub have_slash {
+	for (@_) {
+		return 1 if m{/};
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+my %newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
+while (!have_duplicate(values %newdirabbrevs)) {
+	%dirabbrevs = %newdirabbrevs;
+	last if !have_slash(values %dirabbrevs);
+	%newdirabbrevs = %dirabbrevs;
+	for (values %newdirabbrevs) {
+		s{^[^/]*/}{};
+	}
+}
+
+my %times;
+my @colwidth = ((0)x@dirs);
+for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+	my $d = $dirs[$i];
+	my $w = length (exists $dirabbrevs{$d} ? $dirabbrevs{$d} : $dirnames{$d});
+	$colwidth[$i] = $w if $w > $colwidth[$i];
+}
+for my $t (@subtests) {
+	my $firstr;
+	for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+		my $d = $dirs[$i];
+		$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t} = [get_times("test-results/$prefixes{$d}$t.times")];
+		my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
+		my $w = length format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
+		$colwidth[$i] = $w if $w > $colwidth[$i];
+		$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
+	}
+}
+my $totalwidth = 3*@dirs+$descrlen;
+$totalwidth += $_ for (@colwidth);
+
+printf "%-${descrlen}s", "Test";
+for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+	my $d = $dirs[$i];
+	printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", (exists $dirabbrevs{$d} ? $dirabbrevs{$d} : $dirnames{$d});
+}
+print "\n";
+print "-"x$totalwidth, "\n";
+for my $t (@subtests) {
+	printf "%-${descrlen}s", $descrs{$t};
+	my $firstr;
+	for my $i (0..$#dirs) {
+		my $d = $dirs[$i];
+		my ($r,$u,$s) = @{$times{$prefixes{$d}.$t}};
+		printf "   %-$colwidth[$i]s", format_times($r,$u,$s,$firstr);
+		$firstr = $r unless defined $firstr;
+	}
+	print "\n";
+}
diff --git a/t/perf/min_time.perl b/t/perf/min_time.perl
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c1a2717
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/min_time.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+
+my $minrt = 1e100;
+my $min;
+
+while (<>) {
+	# [h:]m:s.xx U.xx S.xx
+	/^(?:(\d+):)?(\d+):(\d+(?:\.\d+)?) (\d+(?:\.\d+)?) (\d+(?:\.\d+)?)$/
+		or die "bad input line: $_";
+	my $rt = ((defined $1 ? $1 : 0.0)*60+$2)*60+$3;
+	if ($rt < $minrt) {
+		$min = $_;
+		$minrt = $rt;
+	}
+}
+
+if (!defined $min) {
+	die "no input found";
+}
+
+print $min;
diff --git a/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh b/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..cf8e1ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0000-perf-lib-sanity.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='Tests whether perf-lib facilities work'
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_perf 'test_perf_default_repo works' '
+	foo=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test_export foo
+'
+
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_perf 'test_checkout_worktree works' '
+	wt=$(find . | wc -l) &&
+	idx=$(git ls-files | wc -l) &&
+	test $wt -gt $idx
+'
+
+baz=baz
+test_export baz
+
+test_expect_success 'test_export works' '
+	echo "$foo" &&
+	test "$foo" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	echo "$baz" &&
+	test "$baz" = baz
+'
+
+test_perf 'export a weird var' '
+	bar="weird # variable" &&
+	test_export bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test_export works with weird vars' '
+	echo "$bar" &&
+	test "$bar" = "weird # variable"
+'
+
+test_perf 'important variables available in subshells' '
+	test -n "$HOME" &&
+	test -n "$TEST_DIRECTORY" &&
+	test -n "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+	test -n "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"
+'
+
+test_perf 'test-lib-functions correctly loaded in subshells' '
+	: >a &&
+	test_path_is_file a &&
+	: >b &&
+	test_cmp a b
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh b/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4f71a63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p0001-rev-list.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Tests history walking performance"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_perf 'rev-list --all' '
+	git rev-list --all >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'rev-list --all --objects' '
+	git rev-list --all --objects >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p4000-diff-algorithms.sh b/t/perf/p4000-diff-algorithms.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7e00c9d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p4000-diff-algorithms.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Tests diff generation performance"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_default_repo
+
+test_perf 'log -3000 (baseline)' '
+	git log -3000 >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'log --raw -3000 (tree-only)' '
+	git log --raw -3000 >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'log -p -3000 (Myers)' '
+	git log -p -3000 >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'log -p -3000 --histogram' '
+	git log -p -3000 --histogram >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_perf 'log -p -3000 --patience' '
+	git log -p -3000 --patience >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh b/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6cb5b0d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Tests index-pack performance"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+
+test_expect_success 'repack' '
+	git repack -ad &&
+	PACK=`ls .git/objects/pack/*.pack | head -n1` &&
+	test -f "$PACK" &&
+	export PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack 0 threads' '
+	GIT_DIR=t1 git index-pack --threads=1 --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack 1 thread ' '
+	GIT_DIR=t2 GIT_FORCE_THREADS=1 git index-pack --threads=1 --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack 2 threads' '
+	GIT_DIR=t3 git index-pack --threads=2 --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack 4 threads' '
+	GIT_DIR=t4 git index-pack --threads=4 --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack 8 threads' '
+	GIT_DIR=t5 git index-pack --threads=8 --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_perf 'index-pack default number of threads' '
+	GIT_DIR=t6 git index-pack --stdin < $PACK
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/p7810-grep.sh b/t/perf/p7810-grep.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9f4ade6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/p7810-grep.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="git-grep performance in various modes"
+
+. ./perf-lib.sh
+
+test_perf_large_repo
+test_checkout_worktree
+
+test_perf 'grep worktree, cheap regex' '
+	git grep some_nonexistent_string || :
+'
+test_perf 'grep worktree, expensive regex' '
+	git grep "^.* *some_nonexistent_string$" || :
+'
+test_perf 'grep --cached, cheap regex' '
+	git grep --cached some_nonexistent_string || :
+'
+test_perf 'grep --cached, expensive regex' '
+	git grep --cached "^.* *some_nonexistent_string$" || :
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/perf/perf-lib.sh b/t/perf/perf-lib.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a816fbc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/perf-lib.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,203 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2011 Thomas Rast
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ .
+
+# do the --tee work early; it otherwise confuses our careful
+# GIT_BUILD_DIR mangling
+case "$GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED, $* " in
+done,*)
+	# do not redirect again
+	;;
+*' --tee '*|*' --va'*)
+	mkdir -p test-results
+	BASE=test-results/$(basename "$0" .sh)
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL-sh} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	 echo $? > $BASE.exit) | tee $BASE.out
+	test "$(cat $BASE.exit)" = 0
+	exit
+	;;
+esac
+
+TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)/..
+TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
+if test -z "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED"; then
+	perf_results_prefix=
+else
+	perf_results_prefix=$(printf "%s" "${GIT_TEST_INSTALLED%/bin-wrappers}" | tr -c "[a-zA-Z0-9]" "[_*]")"."
+	# make the tested dir absolute
+	GIT_TEST_INSTALLED=$(cd "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED" && pwd)
+fi
+
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=t
+TEST_NO_MALLOC_CHECK=t
+
+. ../test-lib.sh
+
+# Variables from test-lib that are normally internal to the tests; we
+# need to export them for test_perf subshells
+export TEST_DIRECTORY TRASH_DIRECTORY GIT_BUILD_DIR GIT_TEST_CMP
+
+perf_results_dir=$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results
+mkdir -p "$perf_results_dir"
+rm -f "$perf_results_dir"/$(basename "$0" .sh).subtests
+
+if test -z "$GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT"; then
+	GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT=3
+fi
+die_if_build_dir_not_repo () {
+	if ! ( cd "$TEST_DIRECTORY/.." &&
+		    git rev-parse --build-dir >/dev/null 2>&1 ); then
+		error "No $1 defined, and your build directory is not a repo"
+	fi
+}
+
+if test -z "$GIT_PERF_REPO"; then
+	die_if_build_dir_not_repo '$GIT_PERF_REPO'
+	GIT_PERF_REPO=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+fi
+if test -z "$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO"; then
+	die_if_build_dir_not_repo '$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO'
+	GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO=$TEST_DIRECTORY/..
+fi
+
+test_perf_create_repo_from () {
+	test "$#" = 2 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 parameters to test-create-repo"
+	repo="$1"
+	source="$2"
+	source_git=$source/$(cd "$source" && git rev-parse --git-dir)
+	mkdir -p "$repo/.git"
+	(
+		cd "$repo/.git" &&
+		{ cp -Rl "$source_git/objects" . 2>/dev/null ||
+			cp -R "$source_git/objects" .; } &&
+		for stuff in "$source_git"/*; do
+			case "$stuff" in
+				*/objects|*/hooks|*/config)
+					;;
+				*)
+					cp -R "$stuff" . || break
+					;;
+			esac
+		done &&
+		cd .. &&
+		git init -q &&
+		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled 2>/dev/null
+	) || error "failed to copy repository '$source' to '$repo'"
+}
+
+# call at least one of these to establish an appropriately-sized repository
+test_perf_default_repo () {
+	test_perf_create_repo_from "${1:-$TRASH_DIRECTORY}" "$GIT_PERF_REPO"
+}
+test_perf_large_repo () {
+	if test "$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO" = "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"; then
+		echo "warning: \$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO is \$GIT_BUILD_DIR." >&2
+		echo "warning: This will work, but may not be a sufficiently large repo" >&2
+		echo "warning: for representative measurements." >&2
+	fi
+	test_perf_create_repo_from "${1:-$TRASH_DIRECTORY}" "$GIT_PERF_LARGE_REPO"
+}
+test_checkout_worktree () {
+	git checkout-index -u -a ||
+	error "git checkout-index failed"
+}
+
+# Performance tests should never fail.  If they do, stop immediately
+immediate=t
+
+test_run_perf_ () {
+	test_cleanup=:
+	test_export_="test_cleanup"
+	export test_cleanup test_export_
+	/usr/bin/time -f "%E %U %S" -o test_time.$i "$SHELL" -c '
+. '"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib-functions.sh'
+test_export () {
+	[ $# != 0 ] || return 0
+	test_export_="$test_export_\\|$1"
+	shift
+	test_export "$@"
+}
+'"$1"'
+ret=$?
+set | sed -n "s'"/'/'\\\\''/g"';s/^\\($test_export_\\)/export '"'&'"'/p" >test_vars
+exit $ret' >&3 2>&4
+	eval_ret=$?
+
+	if test $eval_ret = 0 || test -n "$expecting_failure"
+	then
+		test_eval_ "$test_cleanup"
+		. ./test_vars || error "failed to load updated environment"
+	fi
+	if test "$verbose" = "t" && test -n "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"; then
+		echo ""
+	fi
+	return "$eval_ret"
+}
+
+
+test_perf () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
+	test "$#" = 2 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	export test_prereq
+	if ! test_skip "$@"
+	then
+		base=$(basename "$0" .sh)
+		echo "$test_count" >>"$perf_results_dir"/$base.subtests
+		echo "$1" >"$perf_results_dir"/$base.$test_count.descr
+		if test -z "$verbose"; then
+			echo -n "perf $test_count - $1:"
+		else
+			echo "perf $test_count - $1:"
+		fi
+		for i in $(test_seq 1 $GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT); do
+			say >&3 "running: $2"
+			if test_run_perf_ "$2"
+			then
+				if test -z "$verbose"; then
+					echo -n " $i"
+				else
+					echo "* timing run $i/$GIT_PERF_REPEAT_COUNT:"
+				fi
+			else
+				test -z "$verbose" && echo
+				test_failure_ "$@"
+				break
+			fi
+		done
+		if test -z "$verbose"; then
+			echo " ok"
+		else
+			test_ok_ "$1"
+		fi
+		base="$perf_results_dir"/"$perf_results_prefix$(basename "$0" .sh)"."$test_count"
+		"$TEST_DIRECTORY"/perf/min_time.perl test_time.* >"$base".times
+	fi
+	echo >&3 ""
+}
+
+# We extend test_done to print timings at the end (./run disables this
+# and does it after running everything)
+test_at_end_hook_ () {
+	if test -z "$GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER"; then
+		( cd "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/perf && ./aggregate.perl $(basename "$0") )
+	fi
+}
+
+test_export () {
+	export "$@"
+}
diff --git a/t/perf/run b/t/perf/run
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..cfd7012
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/perf/run
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+case "$1" in
+	--help)
+		echo "usage: $0 [other_git_tree...] [--] [test_scripts]"
+		exit 0
+		;;
+esac
+
+die () {
+	echo >&2 "error: $*"
+	exit 1
+}
+
+run_one_dir () {
+	if test $# -eq 0; then
+		set -- p????-*.sh
+	fi
+	echo "=== Running $# tests in ${GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:-this tree} ==="
+	for t in "$@"; do
+		./$t $GIT_TEST_OPTS
+	done
+}
+
+unpack_git_rev () {
+	rev=$1
+	mkdir -p build/$rev
+	(cd "$(git rev-parse --show-cdup)" && git archive --format=tar $rev) |
+	(cd build/$rev && tar x)
+}
+build_git_rev () {
+	rev=$1
+	cp ../../config.mak build/$rev/config.mak
+	(cd build/$rev && make $GIT_PERF_MAKE_OPTS) ||
+	die "failed to build revision '$mydir'"
+}
+
+run_dirs_helper () {
+	mydir=${1%/}
+	shift
+	while test $# -gt 0 -a "$1" != -- -a ! -f "$1"; do
+		shift
+	done
+	if test $# -gt 0 -a "$1" = --; then
+		shift
+	fi
+	if [ ! -d "$mydir" ]; then
+		rev=$(git rev-parse --verify "$mydir" 2>/dev/null) ||
+		die "'$mydir' is neither a directory nor a valid revision"
+		if [ ! -d build/$rev ]; then
+			unpack_git_rev $rev
+		fi
+		build_git_rev $rev
+		mydir=build/$rev
+	fi
+	if test "$mydir" = .; then
+		unset GIT_TEST_INSTALLED
+	else
+		GIT_TEST_INSTALLED="$mydir/bin-wrappers"
+		export GIT_TEST_INSTALLED
+	fi
+	run_one_dir "$@"
+}
+
+run_dirs () {
+	while test $# -gt 0 -a "$1" != -- -a ! -f "$1"; do
+		run_dirs_helper "$@"
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER=t
+export GIT_PERF_AGGREGATING_LATER
+
+cd "$(dirname $0)"
+. ../../GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+
+if test $# = 0 -o "$1" = -- -o -f "$1"; then
+	set -- . "$@"
+fi
+run_dirs "$@"
+./aggregate.perl "$@"
diff --git a/t/t0000-basic.sh b/t/t0000-basic.sh
index f4e8f43..cefe33d 100755
--- a/t/t0000-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t0000-basic.sh
@@ -18,85 +18,212 @@
 modification *should* take notice and update the test vectors here.
 '
 
-################################################################
-# It appears that people try to run tests without building...
-
-../git >/dev/null
-if test $? != 1
-then
-	echo >&2 'You do not seem to have built git yet.'
-	exit 1
-fi
-
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 ################################################################
 # git init has been done in an empty repository.
 # make sure it is empty.
 
-find .git/objects -type f -print >should-be-empty
-test_expect_success \
-    '.git/objects should be empty after git init in an empty repo.' \
-    'cmp -s /dev/null should-be-empty'
+test_expect_success '.git/objects should be empty after git init in an empty repo' '
+	find .git/objects -type f -print >should-be-empty &&
+	test_line_count = 0 should-be-empty
+'
 
 # also it should have 2 subdirectories; no fan-out anymore, pack, and info.
 # 3 is counting "objects" itself
-find .git/objects -type d -print >full-of-directories
-test_expect_success \
-    '.git/objects should have 3 subdirectories.' \
-    'test $(wc -l < full-of-directories) = 3'
+test_expect_success '.git/objects should have 3 subdirectories' '
+	find .git/objects -type d -print >full-of-directories &&
+	test_line_count = 3 full-of-directories
+'
 
 ################################################################
 # Test harness
 test_expect_success 'success is reported like this' '
-    :
+	:
 '
 test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' '
-    false
+	false
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage (run in sub test-lib)' "
-    mkdir passing-todo &&
-    (cd passing-todo &&
-    cat >passing-todo.sh <<EOF &&
-#!$SHELL_PATH
+run_sub_test_lib_test () {
+	name="$1" descr="$2" # stdin is the body of the test code
+	mkdir "$name" &&
+	(
+		cd "$name" &&
+		cat >"$name.sh" <<-EOF &&
+		#!$SHELL_PATH
 
-test_description='A passing TODO test
+		test_description='$descr (run in sub test-lib)
 
-This is run in a sub test-lib so that we do not get incorrect passing
-metrics
-'
+		This is run in a sub test-lib so that we do not get incorrect
+		passing metrics
+		'
 
-# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
-TEST_DIRECTORY=\"$TEST_DIRECTORY\"
-. \"\$TEST_DIRECTORY\"/test-lib.sh
+		# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
+		. "\$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-lib.sh
+		EOF
+		cat >>"$name.sh" &&
+		chmod +x "$name.sh" &&
+		export TEST_DIRECTORY &&
+		./"$name.sh" >out 2>err
+	)
+}
 
-test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' '
-    :
-'
+check_sub_test_lib_test () {
+	name="$1" # stdin is the expected output from the test
+	(
+		cd "$name" &&
+		! test -s err &&
+		sed -e 's/^> //' -e 's/Z$//' >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect out
+	)
+}
 
-test_done
-EOF
-    chmod +x passing-todo.sh &&
-    ./passing-todo.sh >out 2>err &&
-    ! test -s err &&
-sed -e 's/^> //' >expect <<EOF &&
-> ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage
-> # fixed 1 known breakage(s)
-> # passed all 1 test(s)
-> 1..1
-EOF
-    test_cmp expect out)
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a fully passing test suite' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test full-pass '3 passing tests' <<-\\EOF &&
+	for i in 1 2 3
+	do
+		test_expect_success \"passing test #\$i\" 'true'
+	done
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test full-pass <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test #1
+	> ok 2 - passing test #2
+	> ok 3 - passing test #3
+	> # passed all 3 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
 "
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a partially passing test suite' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		partial-pass '2/3 tests passing' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test #1' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test #2' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test #3' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test partial-pass <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test #1
+	> not ok 2 - failing test #2
+	#	false
+	> ok 3 - passing test #3
+	> # failed 1 among 3 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a known breakage' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test failing-todo 'A failing TODO test' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test failing-todo <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> not ok 2 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # passed all remaining 1 test(s)
+	> 1..2
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test passing-todo 'A passing TODO test' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test passing-todo <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
+	> 1..1
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have fixed one of two known breakages (run in sub test-lib)' "
+	run_sub_test_lib_test partially-passing-todos \
+		'2 TODO tests, one passing' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'pretend we have a passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed another known breakage' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test partially-passing-todos <<-\\EOF
+	> not ok 1 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> ok 2 - pretend we have a passing test
+	> ok 3 - pretend we have fixed another known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # passed all remaining 1 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a pass, fail, and known breakage' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		mixed-results1 'mixed results #1' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test mixed-results1 <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> not ok 2 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 3 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> # still have 1 known breakage(s)
+	> # failed 1 among remaining 2 test(s)
+	> 1..3
+	EOF
+"
+
+test_expect_success 'pretend we have a mix of all possible results' "
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		mixed-results2 'mixed results #2' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'passing test' 'true'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_success 'failing test' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have a known breakage' 'false'
+	test_expect_failure 'pretend we have fixed a known breakage' 'true'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test mixed-results2 <<-\\EOF
+	> ok 1 - passing test
+	> ok 2 - passing test
+	> ok 3 - passing test
+	> ok 4 - passing test
+	> not ok 5 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 6 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 7 - failing test
+	> #	false
+	> not ok 8 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> not ok 9 - pretend we have a known breakage # TODO known breakage
+	> ok 10 - pretend we have fixed a known breakage # TODO known breakage vanished
+	> # 1 known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)
+	> # still have 2 known breakage(s)
+	> # failed 3 among remaining 7 test(s)
+	> 1..10
+	EOF
+"
+
 test_set_prereq HAVEIT
 haveit=no
 test_expect_success HAVEIT 'test runs if prerequisite is satisfied' '
-    test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
-    haveit=yes
+	test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
+	haveit=yes
 '
 donthaveit=yes
 test_expect_success DONTHAVEIT 'unmet prerequisite causes test to be skipped' '
-    donthaveit=no
+	donthaveit=no
 '
 if test $haveit$donthaveit != yesyes
 then
@@ -107,17 +234,17 @@
 test_set_prereq HAVETHIS
 haveit=no
 test_expect_success HAVETHIS,HAVEIT 'test runs if prerequisites are satisfied' '
-    test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
-    test_have_prereq HAVETHIS &&
-    haveit=yes
+	test_have_prereq HAVEIT &&
+	test_have_prereq HAVETHIS &&
+	haveit=yes
 '
 donthaveit=yes
 test_expect_success HAVEIT,DONTHAVEIT 'unmet prerequisites causes test to be skipped' '
-    donthaveit=no
+	donthaveit=no
 '
 donthaveiteither=yes
 test_expect_success DONTHAVEIT,HAVEIT 'unmet prerequisites causes test to be skipped' '
-    donthaveiteither=no
+	donthaveiteither=no
 '
 if test $haveit$donthaveit$donthaveiteither != yesyesyes
 then
@@ -125,9 +252,41 @@
 	exit 1
 fi
 
+test_lazy_prereq LAZY_TRUE true
+havetrue=no
+test_expect_success LAZY_TRUE 'test runs if lazy prereq is satisfied' '
+	havetrue=yes
+'
+donthavetrue=yes
+test_expect_success !LAZY_TRUE 'missing lazy prereqs skip tests' '
+	donthavetrue=no
+'
+
+if test "$havetrue$donthavetrue" != yesyes
+then
+	say 'bug in test framework: lazy prerequisites do not work'
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+test_lazy_prereq LAZY_FALSE false
+nothavefalse=no
+test_expect_success !LAZY_FALSE 'negative lazy prereqs checked' '
+	nothavefalse=yes
+'
+havefalse=yes
+test_expect_success LAZY_FALSE 'missing negative lazy prereqs will skip' '
+	havefalse=no
+'
+
+if test "$nothavefalse$havefalse" != yesyes
+then
+	say 'bug in test framework: negative lazy prerequisites do not work'
+	exit 1
+fi
+
 clean=no
 test_expect_success 'tests clean up after themselves' '
-    test_when_finished clean=yes
+	test_when_finished clean=yes
 '
 
 if test $clean != yes
@@ -137,106 +296,81 @@
 fi
 
 test_expect_success 'tests clean up even on failures' "
-    mkdir failing-cleanup &&
-    (cd failing-cleanup &&
-    cat >failing-cleanup.sh <<EOF &&
-#!$SHELL_PATH
-
-test_description='Failing tests with cleanup commands'
-
-# Point to the t/test-lib.sh, which isn't in ../ as usual
-TEST_DIRECTORY=\"$TEST_DIRECTORY\"
-. \"\$TEST_DIRECTORY\"/test-lib.sh
-
-test_expect_success 'tests clean up even after a failure' '
-    touch clean-after-failure &&
-    test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
-    (exit 1)
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'failure to clean up causes the test to fail' '
-    test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
-'
-
-test_done
-EOF
-    chmod +x failing-cleanup.sh &&
-    test_must_fail ./failing-cleanup.sh >out 2>err &&
-    ! test -s err &&
-    ! test -f \"trash directory.failing-cleanup/clean-after-failure\" &&
-sed -e 's/Z$//' -e 's/^> //' >expect <<\EOF &&
-> not ok - 1 tests clean up even after a failure
-> #	Z
-> #	    touch clean-after-failure &&
-> #	    test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
-> #	    (exit 1)
-> #	Z
-> not ok - 2 failure to clean up causes the test to fail
-> #	Z
-> #	    test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
-> #	Z
-> # failed 2 among 2 test(s)
-> 1..2
-EOF
-    test_cmp expect out)
+	test_must_fail run_sub_test_lib_test \
+		failing-cleanup 'Failing tests with cleanup commands' <<-\\EOF &&
+	test_expect_success 'tests clean up even after a failure' '
+		touch clean-after-failure &&
+		test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
+		(exit 1)
+	'
+	test_expect_success 'failure to clean up causes the test to fail' '
+		test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
+	'
+	test_done
+	EOF
+	check_sub_test_lib_test failing-cleanup <<-\\EOF
+	> not ok 1 - tests clean up even after a failure
+	> #	Z
+	> #	touch clean-after-failure &&
+	> #	test_when_finished rm clean-after-failure &&
+	> #	(exit 1)
+	> #	Z
+	> not ok 2 - failure to clean up causes the test to fail
+	> #	Z
+	> #	test_when_finished \"(exit 2)\"
+	> #	Z
+	> # failed 2 among 2 test(s)
+	> 1..2
+	EOF
 "
 
 ################################################################
 # Basics of the basics
 
 # updating a new file without --add should fail.
-test_expect_success 'git update-index without --add should fail adding.' '
-    test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
+test_expect_success 'git update-index without --add should fail adding' '
+	test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
 '
 
 # and with --add it should succeed, even if it is empty (it used to fail).
-test_expect_success \
-    'git update-index with --add should succeed.' \
-    'git update-index --add should-be-empty'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git write-tree' \
-    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
-
-# we know the shape and contents of the tree and know the object ID for it.
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate object ID of a known tree.' \
-    'test "$tree" = 7bb943559a305bdd6bdee2cef6e5df2413c3d30a'
-
-# Removing paths.
-rm -f should-be-empty full-of-directories
-test_expect_success 'git update-index without --remove should fail removing.' '
-    test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
+test_expect_success 'git update-index with --add should succeed' '
+	git update-index --add should-be-empty
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git update-index with --remove should be able to remove.' \
-    'git update-index --remove should-be-empty'
+test_expect_success 'writing tree out with git write-tree' '
+	tree=$(git write-tree)
+'
+
+# we know the shape and contents of the tree and know the object ID for it.
+test_expect_success 'validate object ID of a known tree' '
+	test "$tree" = 7bb943559a305bdd6bdee2cef6e5df2413c3d30a
+    '
+
+# Removing paths.
+test_expect_success 'git update-index without --remove should fail removing' '
+	rm -f should-be-empty full-of-directories &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index should-be-empty
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git update-index with --remove should be able to remove' '
+	git update-index --remove should-be-empty
+'
 
 # Empty tree can be written with recent write-tree.
-test_expect_success \
-    'git write-tree should be able to write an empty tree.' \
-    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
+test_expect_success 'git write-tree should be able to write an empty tree' '
+	tree=$(git write-tree)
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate object ID of a known tree.' \
-    'test "$tree" = 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904'
+test_expect_success 'validate object ID of a known tree' '
+	test "$tree" = 4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+'
 
 # Various types of objects
+
 # Some filesystems do not support symblic links; on such systems
 # some expected values are different
-mkdir path2 path3 path3/subp3
-paths='path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3'
-for p in $paths
-do
-    echo "hello $p" >$p
-done
 if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
 then
-	for p in $paths
-	do
-		ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym
-	done
 	expectfilter=cat
 	expectedtree=087704a96baf1c2d1c869a8b084481e121c88b5b
 	expectedptree1=21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3
@@ -248,135 +382,154 @@
 	expectedptree2=ce580448f0148b985a513b693fdf7d802cacb44f
 fi
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'adding various types of objects with git update-index --add.' \
-    'find path* ! -type d -print | xargs git update-index --add'
+
+test_expect_success 'adding various types of objects with git update-index --add' '
+	mkdir path2 path3 path3/subp3 &&
+	paths="path0 path2/file2 path3/file3 path3/subp3/file3" &&
+	(
+		for p in $paths
+		do
+			echo "hello $p" >$p || exit 1
+			if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+			then
+				ln -s "hello $p" ${p}sym || exit 1
+			fi
+		done
+	) &&
+	find path* ! -type d -print | xargs git update-index --add
+'
 
 # Show them and see that matches what we expect.
-test_expect_success \
-    'showing stage with git ls-files --stage' \
-    'git ls-files --stage >current'
+test_expect_success 'showing stage with git ls-files --stage' '
+	git ls-files --stage >current
+'
 
-$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
-100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0	path0
-120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0	path0sym
-100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0	path2/file2
-120000 d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38 0	path2/file2sym
-100644 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376 0	path3/file3
-120000 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f 0	path3/file3sym
-100644 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f 0	path3/subp3/file3
-120000 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c 0	path3/subp3/file3sym
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate git ls-files output for a known tree.' \
-    'test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'validate git ls-files output for a known tree' '
+	$expectfilter >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0	path0
+	120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0	path0sym
+	100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0	path2/file2
+	120000 d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38 0	path2/file2sym
+	100644 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376 0	path3/file3
+	120000 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f 0	path3/file3sym
+	100644 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f 0	path3/subp3/file3
+	120000 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c 0	path3/subp3/file3sym
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing tree out with git write-tree.' \
-    'tree=$(git write-tree)'
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$tree" = "$expectedtree"'
+test_expect_success 'writing tree out with git write-tree' '
+	tree=$(git write-tree)
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git ls-tree' \
-    'git ls-tree $tree >current'
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
-120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
-040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
-040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
-EOF
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'git ls-tree output for a known tree.' \
-    'test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+	test "$tree" = "$expectedtree"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree' '
+    git ls-tree $tree >current
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git ls-tree output for a known tree' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
+	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
+	040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
+	040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
 
 # This changed in ls-tree pathspec change -- recursive does
 # not show tree nodes anymore.
-test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git ls-tree -r' \
-    'git ls-tree -r $tree >current'
-$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
-100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
-120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
-100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
-120000 blob d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38	path2/file2sym
-100644 blob 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376	path3/file3
-120000 blob 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f	path3/file3sym
-100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
-120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'test_cmp expected current'
-
-# But with -r -t we can have both.
-test_expect_success \
-    'showing tree with git ls-tree -r -t' \
-    'git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current'
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
-120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
-040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
-100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
-120000 blob d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38	path2/file2sym
-040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
-100644 blob 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376	path3/file3
-120000 blob 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f	path3/file3sym
-040000 tree 3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2	path3/subp3
-100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
-120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
-EOF
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree.' \
-    'test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
-    'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3)'
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree1"'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix.' \
-    'ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)'
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate object ID for a known tree.' \
-    'test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree2"'
-
-cat >badobjects <<EOF
-100644 blob 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file1
-100644 blob 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file2
-100644 blob 3000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file3
-100644 blob 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file4
-100644 blob 5000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file5
-EOF
-
-rm .git/index
-test_expect_success \
-    'put invalid objects into the index.' \
-    'git update-index --index-info < badobjects'
-
-test_expect_success 'writing this tree without --missing-ok.' '
-    test_must_fail git write-tree
+test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree -r' '
+	git ls-tree -r $tree >current
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'writing this tree with --missing-ok.' \
-    'git write-tree --missing-ok'
+test_expect_success 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
+	$expectfilter >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
+	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
+	100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
+	120000 blob d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38	path2/file2sym
+	100644 blob 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376	path3/file3
+	120000 blob 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f	path3/file3sym
+	100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
+	120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+# But with -r -t we can have both.
+test_expect_success 'showing tree with git ls-tree -r -t' '
+	git ls-tree -r -t $tree >current
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'git ls-tree -r output for a known tree' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 blob f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154	path0
+	120000 blob 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01	path0sym
+	040000 tree 58a09c23e2ca152193f2786e06986b7b6712bdbe	path2
+	100644 blob 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7	path2/file2
+	120000 blob d8ce161addc5173867a3c3c730924388daedbc38	path2/file2sym
+	040000 tree 21ae8269cacbe57ae09138dcc3a2887f904d02b3	path3
+	100644 blob 0aa34cae68d0878578ad119c86ca2b5ed5b28376	path3/file3
+	120000 blob 8599103969b43aff7e430efea79ca4636466794f	path3/file3sym
+	040000 tree 3c5e5399f3a333eddecce7a9b9465b63f65f51e2	path3/subp3
+	100644 blob 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f	path3/subp3/file3
+	120000 blob 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c	path3/subp3/file3sym
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix' '
+	ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+	test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing partial tree out with git write-tree --prefix' '
+	ptree=$(git write-tree --prefix=path3/subp3)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate object ID for a known tree' '
+	test "$ptree" = "$expectedptree2"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'put invalid objects into the index' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	cat >badobjects <<-\EOF &&
+	100644 blob 1000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file1
+	100644 blob 2000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file2
+	100644 blob 3000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file3
+	100644 blob 4000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file4
+	100644 blob 5000000000000000000000000000000000000000	dir/file5
+	EOF
+	git update-index --index-info <badobjects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing this tree without --missing-ok' '
+	test_must_fail git write-tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing this tree with --missing-ok' '
+	git write-tree --missing-ok
+'
 
 
 ################################################################
-rm .git/index
-test_expect_success \
-    'git read-tree followed by write-tree should be idempotent.' \
-    'git read-tree $tree &&
-     test -f .git/index &&
-     newtree=$(git write-tree) &&
-     test "$newtree" = "$tree"'
+test_expect_success 'git read-tree followed by write-tree should be idempotent' '
+	rm -f .git/index
+	git read-tree $tree &&
+	test -f .git/index &&
+	newtree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	test "$newtree" = "$tree"
+'
 
-$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF
+test_expect_success 'validate git diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state' '
+	$expectfilter >expected <<\EOF &&
 :100644 100644 f87290f8eb2cbbea7857214459a0739927eab154 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0
 :120000 120000 15a98433ae33114b085f3eb3bb03b832b3180a01 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path0sym
 :100644 100644 3feff949ed00a62d9f7af97c15cd8a30595e7ac7 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path2/file2
@@ -386,45 +539,47 @@
 :100644 100644 00fb5908cb97c2564a9783c0c64087333b3b464f 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path3/subp3/file3
 :120000 120000 6649a1ebe9e9f1c553b66f5a6e74136a07ccc57c 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 M	path3/subp3/file3sym
 EOF
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate git diff-files output for a know cache/work tree state.' \
-    'git diff-files >current && test_cmp current expected >/dev/null'
+	git diff-files >current &&
+	test_cmp current expected
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git update-index --refresh should succeed.' \
-    'git update-index --refresh'
+test_expect_success 'git update-index --refresh should succeed' '
+	git update-index --refresh
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'no diff after checkout and git update-index --refresh.' \
-    'git diff-files >current && cmp -s current /dev/null'
+test_expect_success 'no diff after checkout and git update-index --refresh' '
+	git diff-files >current &&
+	cmp -s current /dev/null
+'
 
 ################################################################
 P=$expectedtree
-test_expect_success \
-    'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit.' \
-    'commit0=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P) &&
-     tree=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit0 |
-	 sed -n -e "s/^tree //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
-     test "z$tree" = "z$P"'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit.' \
-    'commit1=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0) &&
-     parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit1 |
-	 sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
-     test "z$commit0" = "z$parent"'
+test_expect_success 'git commit-tree records the correct tree in a commit' '
+	commit0=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P) &&
+	tree=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit0 |
+		 sed -n -e "s/^tree //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
+	test "z$tree" = "z$P"
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit.' \
-    'commit2=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0 -p $commit0) &&
-     parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
-	 sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
-	 sort -u) &&
-     test "z$commit0" = "z$parent" &&
-     numparent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
-	 sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
-	 wc -l) &&
-     test $numparent = 1'
+test_expect_success 'git commit-tree records the correct parent in a commit' '
+	commit1=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0) &&
+	parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit1 |
+		sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q") &&
+	test "z$commit0" = "z$parent"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git commit-tree omits duplicated parent in a commit' '
+	commit2=$(echo NO | git commit-tree $P -p $commit0 -p $commit0) &&
+	     parent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
+		sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
+		sort -u) &&
+	test "z$commit0" = "z$parent" &&
+	numparent=$(git show --pretty=raw $commit2 |
+		sed -n -e "s/^parent //p" -e "/^author /q" |
+		wc -l) &&
+	test $numparent = 1
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index D/F conflict' '
 	mv path0 tmp &&
@@ -435,24 +590,6 @@
 	test $numpath0 = 1
 '
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'real path works as expected' '
-	mkdir first &&
-	ln -s ../.git first/.git &&
-	mkdir second &&
-	ln -s ../first second/other &&
-	mkdir third &&
-	dir="$(cd .git; pwd -P)" &&
-	dir2=third/../second/other/.git &&
-	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2)" &&
-	file="$dir"/index &&
-	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2/index)" &&
-	basename=blub &&
-	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils real_path "$basename")" &&
-	ln -s ../first/file .git/syml &&
-	sym="$(cd first; pwd -P)"/file &&
-	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'very long name in the index handled sanely' '
 
 	a=a && # 1
diff --git a/t/t0003-attributes.sh b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
index dbb2623..43b2513 100755
--- a/t/t0003-attributes.sh
+++ b/t/t0003-attributes.sh
@@ -123,16 +123,6 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'check whether FS is case-insensitive' '
-	mkdir junk &&
-	echo good >junk/CamelCase &&
-	echo bad >junk/camelcase &&
-	if test "$(cat junk/CamelCase)" != good
-	then
-		test_set_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
-	fi
-'
-
 test_expect_success CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS 'additional case insensitivity tests' '
 	test_must_fail attr_check a/B/D/g "a/b/d/*" "-c core.ignorecase=0" &&
 	test_must_fail attr_check A/B/D/NO "a/b/d/*" "-c core.ignorecase=0" &&
@@ -159,6 +149,16 @@
 	(cd b && attr_check ../a/b/g a/b/g)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prefixes are not confused with leading directories' '
+	attr_check a_plus/g unspecified &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	a/g: test: a/g
+	a_plus/g: test: unspecified
+	EOF
+	git check-attr test a/g a_plus/g >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'core.attributesfile' '
 	attr_check global unspecified &&
 	git config core.attributesfile "$HOME/global-gitattributes" &&
@@ -196,6 +196,53 @@
 	attr_check subdir/a/i unspecified
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'negative patterns' '
+	echo "!f test=bar" >.gitattributes &&
+	test_must_fail git check-attr test -- f
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patterns starting with exclamation' '
+	echo "\!f test=foo" >.gitattributes &&
+	attr_check "!f" foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"**" test' '
+	echo "**/f foo=bar" >.gitattributes &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+f: foo: bar
+a/f: foo: bar
+a/b/f: foo: bar
+a/b/c/f: foo: bar
+EOF
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/c/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"**" with no slashes test' '
+	echo "a**f foo=bar" >.gitattributes &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual &&
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+f: foo: unspecified
+af: foo: bar
+axf: foo: bar
+a/f: foo: unspecified
+a/b/f: foo: unspecified
+a/b/c/f: foo: unspecified
+EOF
+	git check-attr foo -- "f" >actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "af" >>actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "axf" >>actual 2>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	git check-attr foo -- "a/b/c/f" >>actual 2>>err &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup bare' '
 	git clone --bare . bare.git &&
 	cd bare.git
diff --git a/t/t0006-date.sh b/t/t0006-date.sh
index 1d29810..e53cf6d 100755
--- a/t/t0006-date.sh
+++ b/t/t0006-date.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 	echo "$t -> $2" >expect
 	test_expect_${3:-success} "relative date ($2)" "
 	test-date show $t >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 	"
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t0007-git-var.sh b/t/t0007-git-var.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5868a87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0007-git-var.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic sanity checks for git var'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'get GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'get GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo "$GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" >expect &&
+	git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success !AUTOIDENT 'requested identites are strict' '
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+		test_must_fail git var GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
+	)
+'
+
+# For git var -l, we check only a representative variable;
+# testing the whole output would make our test too brittle with
+# respect to unrelated changes in the test suite's environment.
+test_expect_success 'git var -l lists variables' '
+	git var -l >actual &&
+	echo "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> $GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >expect &&
+	sed -n s/GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT=//p <actual >actual.author &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.author
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git var -l lists config' '
+	git var -l >actual &&
+	echo false >expect &&
+	sed -n s/core\\.bare=//p <actual >actual.bare &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.bare
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing and asking for variables are exclusive' '
+	test_must_fail git var -l GIT_COMMITTER_IDENT
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0008-ignores.sh b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d7df719
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0008-ignores.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,637 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description=check-ignore
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+init_vars () {
+	global_excludes="$(pwd)/global-excludes"
+}
+
+enable_global_excludes () {
+	init_vars &&
+	git config core.excludesfile "$global_excludes"
+}
+
+expect_in () {
+	dest="$HOME/expected-$1" text="$2"
+	if test -z "$text"
+	then
+		>"$dest" # avoid newline
+	else
+		echo "$text" >"$dest"
+	fi
+}
+
+expect () {
+	expect_in stdout "$1"
+}
+
+expect_from_stdin () {
+	cat >"$HOME/expected-stdout"
+}
+
+test_stderr () {
+	expected="$1"
+	expect_in stderr "$1" &&
+	test_cmp "$HOME/expected-stderr" "$HOME/stderr"
+}
+
+stderr_contains () {
+	regexp="$1"
+	if grep "$regexp" "$HOME/stderr"
+	then
+		return 0
+	else
+		echo "didn't find /$regexp/ in $HOME/stderr"
+		cat "$HOME/stderr"
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
+stderr_empty_on_success () {
+	expect_code="$1"
+	if test $expect_code = 0
+	then
+		test_stderr ""
+	else
+		# If we expect failure then stderr might or might not be empty
+		# due to --quiet - the caller can check its contents
+		return 0
+	fi
+}
+
+test_check_ignore () {
+	args="$1" expect_code="${2:-0}" global_args="$3"
+
+	init_vars &&
+	rm -f "$HOME/stdout" "$HOME/stderr" "$HOME/cmd" &&
+	echo git $global_args check-ignore $quiet_opt $verbose_opt $args \
+		>"$HOME/cmd" &&
+	test_expect_code "$expect_code" \
+		git $global_args check-ignore $quiet_opt $verbose_opt $args \
+		>"$HOME/stdout" 2>"$HOME/stderr" &&
+	test_cmp "$HOME/expected-stdout" "$HOME/stdout" &&
+	stderr_empty_on_success "$expect_code"
+}
+
+test_expect_success_multi () {
+	prereq=
+	if test $# -eq 4
+	then
+		prereq=$1
+		shift
+	fi
+	testname="$1" expect_verbose="$2" code="$3"
+
+	expect=$( echo "$expect_verbose" | sed -e 's/.*	//' )
+
+	test_expect_success $prereq "$testname" '
+		expect "$expect" &&
+		eval "$code"
+	'
+
+	for quiet_opt in '-q' '--quiet'
+	do
+		test_expect_success $prereq "$testname${quiet_opt:+ with $quiet_opt}" "
+			expect '' &&
+			$code
+		"
+	done
+	quiet_opt=
+
+	for verbose_opt in '-v' '--verbose'
+	do
+		test_expect_success $prereq "$testname${verbose_opt:+ with $verbose_opt}" "
+			expect '$expect_verbose' &&
+			$code
+		"
+	done
+	verbose_opt=
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	init_vars &&
+	mkdir -p a/b/ignored-dir a/submodule b &&
+	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
+	then
+		ln -s b a/symlink
+	fi &&
+	(
+		cd a/submodule &&
+		git init &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m"commit in submodule"
+	) &&
+	git add a/submodule &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >.gitignore &&
+		one
+		ignored-*
+	EOF
+	for dir in . a
+	do
+		: >$dir/not-ignored &&
+		: >$dir/ignored-and-untracked &&
+		: >$dir/ignored-but-in-index
+	done &&
+	git add -f ignored-but-in-index a/ignored-but-in-index &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >a/.gitignore &&
+		two*
+		*three
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >a/b/.gitignore &&
+		four
+		five
+		# this comment should affect the line numbers
+		six
+		ignored-dir/
+		# and so should this blank line:
+
+		!on*
+		!two
+	EOF
+	echo "seven" >a/b/ignored-dir/.gitignore &&
+	test -n "$HOME" &&
+	cat <<-\EOF >"$global_excludes" &&
+		globalone
+		!globaltwo
+		globalthree
+	EOF
+	cat <<-\EOF >>.git/info/exclude
+		per-repo
+	EOF
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test invalid inputs
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'empty command line' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: no path specified"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin with empty STDIN' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin" 1 </dev/null &&
+	if test -n "$quiet_opt"; then
+		test_stderr ""
+	else
+		test_stderr "no pathspec given."
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-q with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "-q one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--quiet with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--quiet one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+for verbose_opt in '-v' '--verbose'
+do
+	for quiet_opt in '-q' '--quiet'
+	do
+		test_expect_success "$quiet_opt $verbose_opt" "
+			expect '' &&
+			test_check_ignore '$quiet_opt $verbose_opt foo' 128 &&
+			stderr_contains 'fatal: cannot have both --quiet and --verbose'
+		"
+	done
+done
+
+test_expect_success '--quiet with multiple args' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--quiet one two" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: --quiet is only valid with a single pathname"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'erroneous use of --' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: no path specified"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin with superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '--stdin -z with superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin -z foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: cannot specify pathnames with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '-z without --stdin' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "-z" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: -z only makes sense with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi '-z without --stdin and superfluous arg' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "-z foo" 128 &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: -z only makes sense with --stdin"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'needs work tree' '' '
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		test_check_ignore "foo" 128
+	) &&
+	stderr_contains "fatal: This operation must be run in a work tree"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test standard ignores
+
+# First make sure that the presence of a file in the working tree
+# does not impact results, but that the presence of a file in the
+# index does.
+
+for subdir in '' 'a/'
+do
+	if test -z "$subdir"
+	then
+		where="at top-level"
+	else
+		where="in subdir $subdir"
+	fi
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "non-existent file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}non-existent' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "non-existent file $where ignored" \
+		".gitignore:1:one	${subdir}one" "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}one'
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing untracked file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}not-ignored' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing tracked file $where not ignored" '' "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}ignored-but-in-index' 1
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success_multi "existing untracked file $where ignored" \
+		".gitignore:2:ignored-*	${subdir}ignored-and-untracked" "
+		test_check_ignore '${subdir}ignored-and-untracked'
+	"
+done
+
+# Having established the above, from now on we mostly test against
+# files which do not exist in the working tree or index.
+
+test_expect_success 'sub-directory local ignore' '
+	expect "a/3-three" &&
+	test_check_ignore "a/3-three a/three-not-this-one"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sub-directory local ignore with --verbose'  '
+	expect "a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/3-three" &&
+	test_check_ignore "--verbose a/3-three a/three-not-this-one"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local ignore inside a sub-directory' '
+	expect "3-three" &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "3-three three-not-this-one"
+	)
+'
+test_expect_success 'local ignore inside a sub-directory with --verbose' '
+	expect "a/.gitignore:2:*three	3-three" &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--verbose 3-three three-not-this-one"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'nested include' \
+	'a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/one"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test ignored sub-directories
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'ignored sub-directory' \
+	'a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/ignored-dir"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple files inside ignored sub-directory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/ignored-dir/foo
+		a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo
+		a/b/ignored-dir/seven
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "a/b/ignored-dir/foo a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo a/b/ignored-dir/seven"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple files inside ignored sub-directory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/foo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	a/b/ignored-dir/seven
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v a/b/ignored-dir/foo a/b/ignored-dir/twoooo a/b/ignored-dir/seven"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cd to ignored sub-directory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		foo
+		twoooo
+		../one
+		seven
+		../../one
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd a/b/ignored-dir &&
+		test_check_ignore "foo twoooo ../one seven ../../one"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cd to ignored sub-directory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	foo
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	twoooo
+		a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	../one
+		a/b/.gitignore:5:ignored-dir/	seven
+		.gitignore:1:one	../../one
+	EOF
+	(
+		cd a/b/ignored-dir &&
+		test_check_ignore "-v foo twoooo ../one seven ../../one"
+	)
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of symlinks
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'symlink' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/symlink" 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'beyond a symlink' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/symlink/foo" 128 &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: '\''a/symlink/foo'\'' is beyond a symbolic link"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi SYMLINKS 'beyond a symlink from subdirectory' '' '
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "symlink/foo" 128
+	) &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: '\''symlink/foo'\'' is beyond a symbolic link"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of submodules
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'submodule' '' '
+	test_check_ignore "a/submodule/one" 128 &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: Path '\''a/submodule/one'\'' is in submodule '\''a/submodule'\''"
+'
+
+test_expect_success_multi 'submodule from subdirectory' '' '
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "submodule/one" 128
+	) &&
+	test_stderr "fatal: Path '\''a/submodule/one'\'' is in submodule '\''a/submodule'\''"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test handling of global ignore files
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore not yet enabled' '
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	per-repo
+		a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/globalthree
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	a/per-repo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v globalone per-repo a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored a/globaltwo"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore' '
+	enable_global_excludes &&
+	expect_from_stdin <<-\EOF &&
+		globalone
+		per-repo
+		globalthree
+		a/globalthree
+		a/per-repo
+		globaltwo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "globalone per-repo globalthree a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored globaltwo"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'global ignore with -v' '
+	enable_global_excludes &&
+	expect_from_stdin <<-EOF &&
+		$global_excludes:1:globalone	globalone
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	per-repo
+		$global_excludes:3:globalthree	globalthree
+		a/.gitignore:2:*three	a/globalthree
+		.git/info/exclude:7:per-repo	a/per-repo
+		$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	EOF
+	test_check_ignore "-v globalone per-repo globalthree a/globalthree a/per-repo not-ignored globaltwo"
+'
+
+############################################################################
+#
+# test --stdin
+
+cat <<-\EOF >stdin
+	one
+	not-ignored
+	a/one
+	a/not-ignored
+	a/b/on
+	a/b/one
+	a/b/one one
+	"a/b/one two"
+	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/not-ignored
+	a/b/two
+	a/b/twooo
+	globaltwo
+	a/globaltwo
+	a/b/globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-\EOF >expected-default
+	one
+	a/one
+	a/b/on
+	a/b/one
+	a/b/one one
+	a/b/one two
+	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/two
+	a/b/twooo
+	globaltwo
+	a/globaltwo
+	a/b/globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-EOF >expected-verbose
+	.gitignore:1:one	one
+	.gitignore:1:one	a/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/on
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	a/b/one two
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"a/b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	a/b/two
+	a/.gitignore:1:two*	a/b/twooo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	a/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	a/b/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	b/globaltwo
+EOF
+
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' stdin | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >stdin0
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-default | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >expected-default0
+sed -e 's/	"/	/' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-verbose | \
+	tr ":\t\n" "\0" >expected-verbose0
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-default &&
+	test_check_ignore "--stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin -q' '
+	expect "" &&
+	test_check_ignore "-q --stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose &&
+	test_check_ignore "-v --stdin" <stdin
+'
+
+for opts in '--stdin -z' '-z --stdin'
+do
+	test_expect_success "$opts" "
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-default0 &&
+		test_check_ignore '$opts' <stdin0
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts -q" "
+		expect "" &&
+		test_check_ignore '-q $opts' <stdin0
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts -v" "
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose0 &&
+		test_check_ignore '-v $opts' <stdin0
+	"
+done
+
+cat <<-\EOF >stdin
+	../one
+	../not-ignored
+	one
+	not-ignored
+	b/on
+	b/one
+	b/one one
+	"b/one two"
+	"b/one\"three"
+	b/two
+	b/not-ignored
+	b/twooo
+	../globaltwo
+	globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-\EOF >expected-default
+	../one
+	one
+	b/on
+	b/one
+	b/one one
+	b/one two
+	"b/one\"three"
+	b/two
+	b/twooo
+	../globaltwo
+	globaltwo
+	b/globaltwo
+	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+cat <<-EOF >expected-verbose
+	.gitignore:1:one	../one
+	.gitignore:1:one	one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/on
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one one
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	b/one two
+	a/b/.gitignore:8:!on*	"b/one\"three"
+	a/b/.gitignore:9:!two	b/two
+	a/.gitignore:1:two*	b/twooo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	../globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	b/globaltwo
+	$global_excludes:2:!globaltwo	../b/globaltwo
+EOF
+
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' stdin | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >stdin0
+sed -e 's/^"//' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-default | \
+	tr "\n" "\0" >expected-default0
+sed -e 's/	"/	/' -e 's/\\//' -e 's/"$//' expected-verbose | \
+	tr ":\t\n" "\0" >expected-verbose0
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin from subdirectory' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-default &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--stdin" <../stdin
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--stdin from subdirectory with -v' '
+	expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose &&
+	(
+		cd a &&
+		test_check_ignore "--stdin -v" <../stdin
+	)
+'
+
+for opts in '--stdin -z' '-z --stdin'
+do
+	test_expect_success "$opts from subdirectory" '
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-default0 &&
+		(
+			cd a &&
+			test_check_ignore "'"$opts"'" <../stdin0
+		)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$opts from subdirectory with -v" '
+		expect_from_stdin <expected-verbose0 &&
+		(
+			cd a &&
+			test_check_ignore "'"$opts"' -v" <../stdin0
+		)
+	'
+done
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0021-conversion.sh b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
index f19e651..e50f0f7 100755
--- a/t/t0021-conversion.sh
+++ b/t/t0021-conversion.sh
@@ -153,4 +153,41 @@
 	:
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'required filter success' '
+	git config filter.required.smudge cat &&
+	git config filter.required.clean cat &&
+	git config filter.required.required true &&
+
+	echo "*.r filter=required" >.gitattributes &&
+
+	echo test >test.r &&
+	git add test.r &&
+	rm -f test.r &&
+	git checkout -- test.r
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'required filter smudge failure' '
+	git config filter.failsmudge.smudge false &&
+	git config filter.failsmudge.clean cat &&
+	git config filter.failsmudge.required true &&
+
+	echo "*.fs filter=failsmudge" >.gitattributes &&
+
+	echo test >test.fs &&
+	git add test.fs &&
+	rm -f test.fs &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout -- test.fs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'required filter clean failure' '
+	git config filter.failclean.smudge cat &&
+	git config filter.failclean.clean false &&
+	git config filter.failclean.required true &&
+
+	echo "*.fc filter=failclean" >.gitattributes &&
+
+	echo test >test.fc &&
+	test_must_fail git add test.fc
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh b/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh
index aaed725..f9bbb91 100755
--- a/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh
+++ b/t/t0023-crlf-am.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 Subject: test1
 
 ---
- foo |    1 +
+ foo | 1 +
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 foo
 
diff --git a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
index ec6c1b3..5378787 100755
--- a/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
+++ b/t/t0024-crlf-archive.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,12 @@
 test_description='respect crlf in git archive'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-UNZIP=${UNZIP:-unzip}
+GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
+	test $? -ne 127
+'
 
 test_expect_success setup '
 
@@ -26,18 +31,11 @@
 
 '
 
-"$UNZIP" -v >/dev/null 2>&1
-if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
-	say "Skipping ZIP test, because unzip was not found"
-else
-	test_set_prereq UNZIP
-fi
-
 test_expect_success UNZIP 'zip archive' '
 
 	git archive --format=zip HEAD >test.zip &&
 
-	( mkdir unzipped && cd unzipped && unzip ../test.zip ) &&
+	( mkdir unzipped && cd unzipped && "$GIT_UNZIP" ../test.zip ) &&
 
 	test_cmp sample unzipped/sample
 
diff --git a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
index ccb0a3c..a8e84d8 100755
--- a/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
+++ b/t/t0030-stripspace.sh
@@ -397,4 +397,39 @@
 	test -z "$(echo "# comment" | git stripspace -s)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'strip comments with changed comment char' '
+	test ! -z "$(echo "; comment" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace)" &&
+	test -z "$(echo "; comment" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace -s)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with single line' '
+	printf "# foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with single line followed by empty line' '
+	printf "# foo\n#\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo\n\n" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with newline only' '
+	printf "#\n" >expect &&
+	printf "\n" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--comment-lines with single line' '
+	printf "# foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-c with changed comment char' '
+	printf "; foo\n" >expect &&
+	printf "foo" | git -c core.commentchar=";" stripspace -c >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
index a1e4616..244a43c 100755
--- a/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
+++ b/t/t0040-parse-options.sh
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@
 cat > expect << EOF
 usage: test-parse-options <options>
 
-    -b, --boolean         get a boolean
+    --yes                 get a boolean
+    -D, --no-doubt        begins with 'no-'
+    -B, --no-fear         be brave
+    -b, --boolean         increment by one
     -4, --or4             bitwise-or boolean with ...0100
     --neg-or4             same as --no-or4
 
@@ -48,11 +51,88 @@
 test_expect_success 'test help' '
 	test_must_fail test-parse-options -h > output 2> output.err &&
 	test ! -s output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 mv expect expect.err
 
+cat >expect.template <<EOF
+boolean: 0
+integer: 0
+timestamp: 0
+string: (not set)
+abbrev: 7
+verbose: 0
+quiet: no
+dry run: no
+file: (not set)
+EOF
+
+check() {
+	what="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	expect="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	sed "s/^$what .*/$what $expect/" <expect.template >expect &&
+	test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+}
+
+check_i18n() {
+	what="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	expect="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	sed "s/^$what .*/$what $expect/" <expect.template >expect &&
+	test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
+	test ! -s output.err &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+}
+
+check_unknown() {
+	case "$1" in
+	--*)
+		echo error: unknown option \`${1#--}\' >expect ;;
+	-*)
+		echo error: unknown switch \`${1#-}\' >expect ;;
+	esac &&
+	cat expect.err >>expect &&
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
+	test ! -s output &&
+	test_cmp expect output.err
+}
+
+check_unknown_i18n() {
+	case "$1" in
+	--*)
+		echo error: unknown option \`${1#--}\' >expect ;;
+	-*)
+		echo error: unknown switch \`${1#-}\' >expect ;;
+	esac &&
+	cat expect.err >>expect &&
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options $* >output 2>output.err &&
+	test ! -s output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output.err
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() #1' 'check boolean: 1 --yes'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() #2' 'check boolean: 1 --no-doubt'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() #3' 'check boolean: 1 -D'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() #4' 'check boolean: 1 --no-fear'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() #5' 'check boolean: 1 -B'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() is idempotent #1' 'check boolean: 1 --yes --yes'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() is idempotent #2' 'check boolean: 1 -DB'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() negation #1' 'check boolean: 0 -D --no-yes'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() negation #2' 'check boolean: 0 -D --no-no-doubt'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() no negation #1' 'check_unknown_i18n --fear'
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() no negation #2' 'check_unknown_i18n --no-no-fear'
+
+test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOL() positivation' 'check boolean: 0 -D --doubt'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 boolean: 2
 integer: 1729
@@ -180,6 +260,16 @@
 	test_cmp typo.err output.err
 '
 
+cat > typo.err << EOF
+error: did you mean \`--ambiguous\` (with two dashes ?)
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'detect possible typos' '
+	test_must_fail test-parse-options -ambiguous > output 2> output.err &&
+	test ! -s output &&
+	test_cmp typo.err output.err
+'
+
 cat > expect <<EOF
 boolean: 0
 integer: 0
@@ -244,8 +334,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'OPT_CALLBACK() and callback errors work' '
 	test_must_fail test-parse-options --no-length > output 2> output.err &&
-	test_cmp expect output &&
-	test_cmp expect.err output.err
+	test_i18ncmp expect output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect.err output.err
 '
 
 cat > expect <<EOF
@@ -296,7 +386,7 @@
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'OPT_BOOLEAN() with PARSE_OPT_NODASH works' '
+test_expect_success 'OPT_COUNTUP() with PARSE_OPT_NODASH works' '
 	test-parse-options + + + + + + > output 2> output.err &&
 	test ! -s output.err &&
 	test_cmp expect output
diff --git a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
index 1542cf6..05d78d2 100755
--- a/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
+++ b/t/t0050-filesystem.sh
@@ -7,78 +7,51 @@
 auml=$(printf '\303\244')
 aumlcdiar=$(printf '\141\314\210')
 
-case_insensitive=
-unibad=
-no_symlinks=
-test_expect_success 'see what we expect' '
-
-	test_case=test_expect_success &&
-	test_unicode=test_expect_success &&
-	mkdir junk &&
-	echo good >junk/CamelCase &&
-	echo bad >junk/camelcase &&
-	if test "$(cat junk/CamelCase)" != good
-	then
-		test_case=test_expect_failure &&
-		case_insensitive=t
-	fi &&
-	rm -fr junk &&
-	mkdir junk &&
-	>junk/"$auml" &&
-	case "$(cd junk && echo *)" in
-	"$aumlcdiar")
-		test_unicode=test_expect_failure &&
-		unibad=t
-		;;
-	*)	;;
-	esac &&
-	rm -fr junk &&
-	{
-		ln -s x y 2> /dev/null &&
-		test -h y 2> /dev/null ||
-		no_symlinks=1 &&
-		rm -f y
-	}
-'
-
-test "$case_insensitive" &&
+if test_have_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
+then
 	say "will test on a case insensitive filesystem"
-test "$unibad" &&
+	test_case=test_expect_failure
+else
+	test_case=test_expect_success
+fi
+
+if test_have_prereq UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC
+then
 	say "will test on a unicode corrupting filesystem"
-test "$no_symlinks" &&
+	test_unicode=test_expect_failure
+else
+	test_unicode=test_expect_success
+fi
+
+test_have_prereq SYMLINKS ||
 	say "will test on a filesystem lacking symbolic links"
 
-if test "$case_insensitive"
+if test_have_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS
 then
 test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init" '
-
 	test $(git config --bool core.ignorecase) = true
 '
 else
 test_expect_success "detection of case insensitive filesystem during repo init" '
-
 	test_must_fail git config --bool core.ignorecase >/dev/null ||
 	test $(git config --bool core.ignorecase) = false
 '
 fi
 
-if test "$no_symlinks"
+if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS
 then
 test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
-
-	v=$(git config --bool core.symlinks) &&
-	test "$v" = false
+	test_must_fail git config --bool core.symlinks ||
+	test "$(git config --bool core.symlinks)" = true
 '
 else
 test_expect_success "detection of filesystem w/o symlink support during repo init" '
-
-	test_must_fail git config --bool core.symlinks ||
-	test "$(git config --bool core.symlinks)" = true
+	v=$(git config --bool core.symlinks) &&
+	test "$v" = false
 '
 fi
 
 test_expect_success "setup case tests" '
-
 	git config core.ignorecase true &&
 	touch camelcase &&
 	git add camelcase &&
@@ -89,29 +62,23 @@
 	git mv tmp CamelCase &&
 	git commit -m "rename" &&
 	git checkout -f master
-
 '
 
 $test_case 'rename (case change)' '
-
 	git mv camelcase CamelCase &&
 	git commit -m "rename"
-
 '
 
-$test_case 'merge (case change)' '
-
+test_expect_success 'merge (case change)' '
 	rm -f CamelCase &&
 	rm -f camelcase &&
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	git merge topic
-
 '
 
 
 
-test_expect_failure 'add (with different case)' '
-
+test_expect_failure CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS 'add (with different case)' '
 	git reset --hard initial &&
 	rm camelcase &&
 	echo 1 >CamelCase &&
@@ -119,37 +86,30 @@
 	camel=$(git ls-files | grep -i camelcase) &&
 	test $(echo "$camel" | wc -l) = 1 &&
 	test "z$(git cat-file blob :$camel)" = z1
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success "setup unicode normalization tests" '
-
-  test_create_repo unicode &&
-  cd unicode &&
-  touch "$aumlcdiar" &&
-  git add "$aumlcdiar" &&
-  git commit -m initial &&
-  git tag initial &&
-  git checkout -b topic &&
-  git mv $aumlcdiar tmp &&
-  git mv tmp "$auml" &&
-  git commit -m rename &&
-  git checkout -f master
-
+	test_create_repo unicode &&
+	cd unicode &&
+	touch "$aumlcdiar" &&
+	git add "$aumlcdiar" &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	git checkout -b topic &&
+	git mv $aumlcdiar tmp &&
+	git mv tmp "$auml" &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	git checkout -f master
 '
 
 $test_unicode 'rename (silent unicode normalization)' '
-
- git mv "$aumlcdiar" "$auml" &&
- git commit -m rename
-
+	git mv "$aumlcdiar" "$auml" &&
+	git commit -m rename
 '
 
 $test_unicode 'merge (silent unicode normalization)' '
-
- git reset --hard initial &&
- git merge topic
-
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	git merge topic
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
index 53cf1f8..09a42a4 100755
--- a/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
+++ b/t/t0060-path-utils.sh
@@ -93,50 +93,94 @@
 norm_path /d1/.../d2 /d1/.../d2 POSIX
 norm_path /d1/..././../d2 /d1/d2 POSIX
 
-ancestor / "" -1
 ancestor / / -1
-ancestor /foo "" -1
-ancestor /foo : -1
-ancestor /foo ::. -1
-ancestor /foo ::..:: -1
 ancestor /foo / 0
 ancestor /foo /fo -1
 ancestor /foo /foo -1
-ancestor /foo /foo/ -1
 ancestor /foo /bar -1
-ancestor /foo /bar/ -1
 ancestor /foo /foo/bar -1
-ancestor /foo /foo:/bar/ -1
-ancestor /foo /foo/:/bar/ -1
-ancestor /foo /foo::/bar/ -1
-ancestor /foo /:/foo:/bar/ 0
-ancestor /foo /foo:/:/bar/ 0
-ancestor /foo /:/bar/:/foo 0
-ancestor /foo/bar "" -1
+ancestor /foo /foo:/bar -1
+ancestor /foo /:/foo:/bar 0
+ancestor /foo /foo:/:/bar 0
+ancestor /foo /:/bar:/foo 0
 ancestor /foo/bar / 0
 ancestor /foo/bar /fo -1
-ancestor /foo/bar foo -1
 ancestor /foo/bar /foo 4
-ancestor /foo/bar /foo/ 4
 ancestor /foo/bar /foo/ba -1
 ancestor /foo/bar /:/fo 0
 ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/foo/ba 4
 ancestor /foo/bar /bar -1
-ancestor /foo/bar /bar/ -1
-ancestor /foo/bar /fo: -1
-ancestor /foo/bar :/fo -1
-ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/bar/ 4
-ancestor /foo/bar /:/foo:/bar/ 4
-ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/:/bar/ 4
-ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/:/fo 0
-ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar/ 0
-ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/. 4
-ancestor /foo/bar .:/foo/.:.: 4
-ancestor /foo/bar /foo/./:.:/bar 4
-ancestor /foo/bar .:/bar -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /fo -1
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/foo:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar:/fo 0
+ancestor /foo/bar /:/bar 0
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /foo:/bar 4
+ancestor /foo/bar /bar -1
 
 test_expect_success 'strip_path_suffix' '
 	test c:/msysgit = $(test-path-utils strip_path_suffix \
 		c:/msysgit/libexec//git-core libexec/git-core)
 '
+
+test_expect_success 'absolute path rejects the empty string' '
+	test_must_fail test-path-utils absolute_path ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'real path rejects the empty string' '
+	test_must_fail test-path-utils real_path ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIX 'real path works on absolute paths 1' '
+	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
+	test "/" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "/")" &&
+	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "/$nopath")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'real path works on absolute paths 2' '
+	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
+	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
+	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
+	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d/$nopath")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success POSIX 'real path removes extra leading slashes' '
+	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
+	test "/" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "///")" &&
+	test "/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "///$nopath")" &&
+	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
+	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
+	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "//$d")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "//$d/$nopath")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'real path removes other extra slashes' '
+	nopath="hopefully-absent-path" &&
+	# Find an existing top-level directory for the remaining tests:
+	d=$(pwd -P | sed -e "s|^\([^/]*/[^/]*\)/.*|\1|") &&
+	test "$d" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d///")" &&
+	test "$d/$nopath" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$d///$nopath")"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'real path works on symlinks' '
+	mkdir first &&
+	ln -s ../.git first/.git &&
+	mkdir second &&
+	ln -s ../first second/other &&
+	mkdir third &&
+	dir="$(cd .git; pwd -P)" &&
+	dir2=third/../second/other/.git &&
+	test "$dir" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2)" &&
+	file="$dir"/index &&
+	test "$file" = "$(test-path-utils real_path $dir2/index)" &&
+	basename=blub &&
+	test "$dir/$basename" = "$(cd .git && test-path-utils real_path "$basename")" &&
+	ln -s ../first/file .git/syml &&
+	sym="$(cd first; pwd -P)"/file &&
+	test "$sym" = "$(test-path-utils real_path "$dir2/syml")"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0061-run-command.sh b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
index 8d4938f..17e969d 100755
--- a/t/t0061-run-command.sh
+++ b/t/t0061-run-command.sh
@@ -34,4 +34,17 @@
 	grep "fatal: cannot exec.*hello.sh" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success POSIXPERM 'unreadable directory in PATH' '
+	mkdir local-command &&
+	test_when_finished "chmod u+rwx local-command && rm -fr local-command" &&
+	git config alias.nitfol "!echo frotz" &&
+	chmod a-rx local-command &&
+	(
+		PATH=./local-command:$PATH &&
+		git nitfol >actual
+	) &&
+	echo frotz >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh b/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3d98eb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0062-revision-walking.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Heiko Voigt
+#
+
+test_description='Test revision walking api'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >run_twice_expected <<-EOF
+1st
+ > add b
+ > add a
+2nd
+ > add b
+ > add a
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo a > a &&
+	git add a &&
+	git commit -m "add a" &&
+	echo b > b &&
+	git add b &&
+	git commit -m "add b"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revision walking can be done twice' '
+	test-revision-walking run-twice > run_twice_actual
+	test_cmp run_twice_expected run_twice_actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0063-string-list.sh b/t/t0063-string-list.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dbfc05e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0063-string-list.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Michael Haggerty
+#
+
+test_description='Test string list functionality'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_split () {
+	cat >expected &&
+	test_expect_success "split $1 at $2, max $3" "
+		test-string-list split '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual &&
+		test-string-list split_in_place '$1' '$2' '$3' >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	"
+}
+
+test_split "foo:bar:baz" ":" "-1" <<EOF
+3
+[0]: "foo"
+[1]: "bar"
+[2]: "baz"
+EOF
+
+test_split "foo:bar:baz" ":" "0" <<EOF
+1
+[0]: "foo:bar:baz"
+EOF
+
+test_split "foo:bar:baz" ":" "1" <<EOF
+2
+[0]: "foo"
+[1]: "bar:baz"
+EOF
+
+test_split "foo:bar:baz" ":" "2" <<EOF
+3
+[0]: "foo"
+[1]: "bar"
+[2]: "baz"
+EOF
+
+test_split "foo:bar:" ":" "-1" <<EOF
+3
+[0]: "foo"
+[1]: "bar"
+[2]: ""
+EOF
+
+test_split "" ":" "-1" <<EOF
+1
+[0]: ""
+EOF
+
+test_split ":" ":" "-1" <<EOF
+2
+[0]: ""
+[1]: ""
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "test filter_string_list" '
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter - y)" &&
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter no y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter yes y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter no:yes y)" &&
+	test yes = "$(test-string-list filter yes:no y)" &&
+	test y1:y2 = "$(test-string-list filter y1:y2 y)" &&
+	test y2:y1 = "$(test-string-list filter y2:y1 y)" &&
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list filter x1:x2 y)"
+'
+
+test_expect_success "test remove_duplicates" '
+	test "x-" = "x$(test-string-list remove_duplicates -)" &&
+	test "x" = "x$(test-string-list remove_duplicates "")" &&
+	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a)" &&
+	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a)" &&
+	test a = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:a:a)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b)" &&
+	test a:b = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:b:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:b:c:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:b:b:c:c)" &&
+	test a:b:c = "$(test-string-list remove_duplicates a:a:a:b:b:b:c:c:c)"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
index 9bee8bf..da2c504 100755
--- a/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
+++ b/t/t0070-fundamental.sh
@@ -25,4 +25,9 @@
 	grep "cannotwrite/test" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'check for a bug in the regex routines' '
+	# if this test fails, re-build git with NO_REGEX=1
+	test-regex
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh b/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 99a314b..0000000
--- a/t/t0080-vcs-svn.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,117 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='check infrastructure for svn importer'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-uint32_max=4294967295
-
-test_expect_success 'obj pool: store data' '
-	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
-	0
-	1
-	EOF
-
-	test-obj-pool <<-\EOF >actual &&
-	alloc one 16
-	set one 13
-	test one 13
-	reset one
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'obj pool: NULL is offset ~0' '
-	echo "$uint32_max" >expected &&
-	echo null one | test-obj-pool >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'obj pool: out-of-bounds access' '
-	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
-	0
-	0
-	$uint32_max
-	$uint32_max
-	16
-	20
-	$uint32_max
-	EOF
-
-	test-obj-pool <<-\EOF >actual &&
-	alloc one 16
-	alloc two 16
-	offset one 20
-	offset two 20
-	alloc one 5
-	offset one 20
-	free one 1
-	offset one 20
-	reset one
-	reset two
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'obj pool: high-water mark' '
-	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
-	0
-	0
-	10
-	20
-	20
-	20
-	EOF
-
-	test-obj-pool <<-\EOF >actual &&
-	alloc one 10
-	committed one
-	alloc one 10
-	commit one
-	committed one
-	alloc one 10
-	free one 20
-	committed one
-	reset one
-	EOF
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'string pool' '
-	echo a does not equal b >expected.differ &&
-	echo a equals a >expected.match &&
-	echo equals equals equals >expected.matchmore &&
-
-	test-string-pool "a,--b" >actual.differ &&
-	test-string-pool "a,a" >actual.match &&
-	test-string-pool "equals-equals" >actual.matchmore &&
-	test_must_fail test-string-pool a,a,a &&
-	test_must_fail test-string-pool a &&
-
-	test_cmp expected.differ actual.differ &&
-	test_cmp expected.match actual.match &&
-	test_cmp expected.matchmore actual.matchmore
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'treap sort' '
-	cat <<-\EOF >unsorted &&
-	68
-	12
-	13
-	13
-	68
-	13
-	13
-	21
-	10
-	11
-	12
-	13
-	13
-	EOF
-	sort unsorted >expected &&
-
-	test-treap <unsorted >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6c33e28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0090-cache-tree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description="Test whether cache-tree is properly updated
+
+Tests whether various commands properly update and/or rewrite the
+cache-tree extension.
+"
+ . ./test-lib.sh
+
+cmp_cache_tree () {
+	test-dump-cache-tree >actual &&
+	sed "s/$_x40/SHA/" <actual >filtered &&
+	test_cmp "$1" filtered
+}
+
+# We don't bother with actually checking the SHA1:
+# test-dump-cache-tree already verifies that all existing data is
+# correct.
+test_shallow_cache_tree () {
+	printf "SHA  (%d entries, 0 subtrees)\n" $(git ls-files|wc -l) >expect &&
+	cmp_cache_tree expect
+}
+
+test_invalid_cache_tree () {
+	echo "invalid                                   (0 subtrees)" >expect &&
+	printf "SHA #(ref)  (%d entries, 0 subtrees)\n" $(git ls-files|wc -l) >>expect &&
+	cmp_cache_tree expect
+}
+
+test_no_cache_tree () {
+	: >expect &&
+	cmp_cache_tree expect
+}
+
+test_expect_failure 'initial commit has cache-tree' '
+	test_commit foo &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read-tree HEAD establishes cache-tree' '
+	git read-tree HEAD &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git-add invalidates cache-tree' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard; git read-tree HEAD" &&
+	echo "I changed this file" > foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	test_invalid_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update-index invalidates cache-tree' '
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard; git read-tree HEAD" &&
+	echo "I changed this file" > foo &&
+	git update-index --add foo &&
+	test_invalid_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'write-tree establishes cache-tree' '
+	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	git write-tree &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test-scrap-cache-tree works' '
+	git read-tree HEAD &&
+	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	test_no_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'second commit has cache-tree' '
+	test_commit bar &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard gives cache-tree' '
+	test-scrap-cache-tree &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard without index gives cache-tree' '
+	rm -f .git/index &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'checkout gives cache-tree' '
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	test_shallow_cache_tree
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0200-gettext-basic.sh b/t/t0200-gettext-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8853d8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0200-gettext-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+test_description='Gettext support for Git'
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success "sanity: \$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME is set (to $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME)" '
+    test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sanity: $TEXTDOMAIN is git' '
+    test $TEXTDOMAIN = "git"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'xgettext sanity: Perl _() strings are not extracted' '
+    ! grep "A Perl string xgettext will not get" "$GIT_PO_PATH"/is.po
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'xgettext sanity: Comment extraction with --add-comments' '
+    grep "TRANSLATORS: This is a test" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0200/* | wc -l >expect &&
+    grep "TRANSLATORS: This is a test" "$GIT_PO_PATH"/is.po  | wc -l >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'xgettext sanity: Comment extraction with --add-comments stops at statements' '
+    ! grep "This is a phony" "$GIT_PO_PATH"/is.po &&
+    ! grep "the above comment" "$GIT_PO_PATH"/is.po
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT 'sanity: $TEXTDOMAINDIR exists without NO_GETTEXT=YesPlease' '
+    test -d "$TEXTDOMAINDIR" &&
+    test "$TEXTDOMAINDIR" = "$GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT 'sanity: Icelandic locale was compiled' '
+    test -f "$TEXTDOMAINDIR/is/LC_MESSAGES/git.mo"
+'
+
+# TODO: When we have more locales, generalize this to test them
+# all. Maybe we'll need a dir->locale map for that.
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'sanity: gettext("") metadata is OK' '
+    # Return value may be non-zero
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "" >zero-expect &&
+    grep "Project-Id-Version: Git" zero-expect &&
+    grep "Git Mailing List <git@vger.kernel.org>" zero-expect &&
+    grep "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8" zero-expect &&
+    grep "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit" zero-expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'sanity: gettext(unknown) is passed through' '
+    printf "This is not a translation string"  >expect &&
+    gettext "This is not a translation string" >actual &&
+    eval_gettext "This is not a translation string" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# xgettext from C
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: C extraction of _() and N_() strings' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: C tilraunastrengur" >expect &&
+    printf "\n" >>expect &&
+    printf "Sjá '\''git help SKIPUN'\'' til að sjá hjálp fyrir tiltekna skipun." >>expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: A C test string" >actual &&
+    printf "\n" >>actual &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "See '\''git help COMMAND'\'' for more information on a specific command." >>actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: C extraction with %s' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: C tilraunastrengur %%s" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: A C test string %s" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# xgettext from Shell
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: Shell extraction' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Skeljartilraunastrengur" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: A Shell test string" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: Shell extraction with $variable' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Skeljartilraunastrengur með breytunni a var i able" >x-expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" variable="a var i able" eval_gettext "TEST: A Shell test \$variable" >x-actual &&
+    test_cmp x-expect x-actual
+'
+
+# xgettext from Perl
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: Perl extraction' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: A Perl test string" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'xgettext: Perl extraction with %s' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur með breytunni %%s" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: A Perl test variable %s" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'sanity: Some gettext("") data for real locale' '
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "" >real-locale &&
+    test -s real-locale
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0200/test.c b/t/t0200/test.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..584d45c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0200/test.c
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+/* This is a phony C program that's only here to test xgettext message extraction */
+
+const char help[] =
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	N_("See 'git help COMMAND' for more information on a specific command.");
+
+int main(void)
+{
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	puts(_("TEST: A C test string"));
+
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	printf(_("TEST: A C test string %s"), "variable");
+
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	printf(_("TEST: Hello World!"));
+
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	printf(_("TEST: Old English Runes"));
+
+	/* TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it. */
+	printf(_("TEST: ‘single’ and “double” quotes"));
+}
diff --git a/t/t0200/test.perl b/t/t0200/test.perl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..36fba34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0200/test.perl
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This is a phony Perl program that's only here to test xgettext
+# message extraction
+
+# so the above comment won't be folded into the next one by xgettext
+1;
+
+# TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+print __("TEST: A Perl test string");
+
+# TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+printf __("TEST: A Perl test variable %s"), "moo";
+
+# TRANSLATORS: If you see this, Git has a bug
+print _"TEST: A Perl string xgettext will not get";
diff --git a/t/t0200/test.sh b/t/t0200/test.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..022d607
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0200/test.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+# This is a phony Shell program that's only here to test xgettext
+# message extraction
+
+# so the above comment won't be folded into the next one by xgettext
+echo
+
+# TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+gettext "TEST: A Shell test string"
+
+# TRANSLATORS: This is a test. You don't need to translate it.
+eval_gettext "TEST: A Shell test \$variable"
+
+# TRANSLATORS: If you see this, Git has a bug
+_("TEST: A Shell string xgettext won't get")
diff --git a/t/t0201-gettext-fallbacks.sh b/t/t0201-gettext-fallbacks.sh
index 54d98b9..5d80a98 100755
--- a/t/t0201-gettext-fallbacks.sh
+++ b/t/t0201-gettext-fallbacks.sh
@@ -5,8 +5,24 @@
 
 test_description='Gettext Shell fallbacks'
 
-. ./test-lib.sh
-. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/git-sh-i18n
+GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS=YesPlease
+export GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success "sanity: \$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME is set (to $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME)" '
+    test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sanity: $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS is set' '
+    test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_TEST_FALLBACKS"
+'
+
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'sanity: $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" is fallthrough' '
+    echo fallthrough >expect &&
+    echo $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'gettext: our gettext() fallback has pass-through semantics' '
     printf "test" >expect &&
@@ -35,16 +51,16 @@
 test_expect_success 'eval_gettext: our eval_gettext() fallback can interpolate variables with spaces' '
     cmdline="git am" &&
     export cmdline;
-    printf "When you have resolved this problem run git am --resolved." >expect &&
-    eval_gettext "When you have resolved this problem run \$cmdline --resolved." >actual
+    printf "When you have resolved this problem, run git am --resolved." >expect &&
+    eval_gettext "When you have resolved this problem, run \$cmdline --resolved." >actual
     test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'eval_gettext: our eval_gettext() fallback can interpolate variables with spaces and quotes' '
     cmdline="git am" &&
     export cmdline;
-    printf "When you have resolved this problem run \"git am --resolved\"." >expect &&
-    eval_gettext "When you have resolved this problem run \"\$cmdline --resolved\"." >actual
+    printf "When you have resolved this problem, run \"git am --resolved\"." >expect &&
+    eval_gettext "When you have resolved this problem, run \"\$cmdline --resolved\"." >actual
     test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t0202-gettext-perl.sh b/t/t0202-gettext-perl.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..428ebb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0202-gettext-perl.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+test_description='Perl gettext interface (Git::I18N)'
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL; then
+	skip_all='skipping perl interface tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+"$PERL_PATH" -MTest::More -e 0 2>/dev/null || {
+	skip_all="Perl Test::More unavailable, skipping test"
+	test_done
+}
+
+# The external test will outputs its own plan
+test_external_has_tap=1
+
+test_external_without_stderr \
+    'Perl Git::I18N API' \
+    "$PERL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t0202/test.pl
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0202/test.pl b/t/t0202/test.pl
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2c10cb4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0202/test.pl
@@ -0,0 +1,110 @@
+#!/usr/bin/perl
+use 5.008;
+use lib (split(/:/, $ENV{GITPERLLIB}));
+use strict;
+use warnings;
+use POSIX qw(:locale_h);
+use Test::More tests => 8;
+use Git::I18N;
+
+my $has_gettext_library = $Git::I18N::__HAS_LIBRARY;
+
+ok(1, "Testing Git::I18N with " .
+	 ($has_gettext_library
+	  ? (defined $Locale::Messages::VERSION
+		 ? "Locale::Messages version $Locale::Messages::VERSION"
+		 # Versions of Locale::Messages before 1.17 didn't have a
+		 # $VERSION variable.
+		 : "Locale::Messages version <1.17")
+	  : "NO Perl gettext library"));
+ok(1, "Git::I18N is located at $INC{'Git/I18N.pm'}");
+
+{
+	my $exports = @Git::I18N::EXPORT;
+	ok($exports, "sanity: Git::I18N has $exports export(s)");
+}
+is_deeply(\@Git::I18N::EXPORT, \@Git::I18N::EXPORT_OK, "sanity: Git::I18N exports everything by default");
+
+# prototypes
+{
+	# Add prototypes here when modifying the public interface to add
+	# more gettext wrapper functions.
+	my %prototypes = (qw(
+		__	$
+	));
+	while (my ($sub, $proto) = each %prototypes) {
+		is(prototype(\&{"Git::I18N::$sub"}), $proto, "sanity: $sub has a $proto prototype");
+	}
+}
+
+# Test basic passthrough in the C locale
+{
+	local $ENV{LANGUAGE} = 'C';
+	local $ENV{LC_ALL}   = 'C';
+	local $ENV{LANG}     = 'C';
+
+	my ($got, $expect) = (('TEST: A Perl test string') x 2);
+
+	is(__($got), $expect, "Passing a string through __() in the C locale works");
+}
+
+# Test a basic message on different locales
+SKIP: {
+	unless ($ENV{GETTEXT_LOCALE}) {
+		# Can't reliably test __() with a non-C locales because the
+		# required locales may not be installed on the system.
+		#
+		# We test for these anyway as part of the shell
+		# tests. Skipping these here will eliminate failures on odd
+		# platforms with incomplete locale data.
+
+		skip "GETTEXT_LOCALE must be set by lib-gettext.sh for exhaustive Git::I18N tests", 2;
+	}
+
+	# The is_IS UTF-8 locale passed from lib-gettext.sh
+	my $is_IS_locale = $ENV{is_IS_locale};
+
+	my $test = sub {
+		my ($got, $expect, $msg, $locale) = @_;
+		# Maybe this system doesn't have the locale we're trying to
+		# test.
+		my $locale_ok = setlocale(LC_ALL, $locale);
+		is(__($got), $expect, "$msg a gettext library + <$locale> locale <$got> turns into <$expect>");
+	};
+
+	my $env_C = sub {
+		$ENV{LANGUAGE} = 'C';
+		$ENV{LC_ALL}   = 'C';
+	};
+
+	my $env_is = sub {
+		$ENV{LANGUAGE} = 'is';
+		$ENV{LC_ALL}   = $is_IS_locale;
+	};
+
+	# Translation's the same as the original
+	my ($got, $expect) = (('TEST: A Perl test string') x 2);
+
+	if ($has_gettext_library) {
+		{
+			local %ENV; $env_C->();
+			$test->($got, $expect, "With", 'C');
+		}
+
+		{
+			my ($got, $expect) = ($got, 'TILRAUN: Perl tilraunastrengur');
+			local %ENV; $env_is->();
+			$test->($got, $expect, "With", $is_IS_locale);
+		}
+	} else {
+		{
+			local %ENV; $env_C->();
+			$test->($got, $expect, "Without", 'C');
+		}
+
+		{
+			local %ENV; $env_is->();
+			$test->($got, $expect, "Without", 'is');
+		}
+	}
+}
diff --git a/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh b/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a212460
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0203-gettext-setlocale-sanity.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+test_description="The Git C functions aren't broken by setlocale(3)"
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'git show a ISO-8859-1 commit under C locale' '
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	test_commit "iso-c-commit" iso-under-c &&
+	git show >out 2>err &&
+	! test -s err &&
+	grep -q "iso-c-commit" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'git show a ISO-8859-1 commit under a UTF-8 locale' '
+	. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3901-8859-1.txt &&
+	test_commit "iso-utf8-commit" iso-under-utf8 &&
+	LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" git show >out 2>err &&
+	! test -s err &&
+	grep -q "iso-utf8-commit" out
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0204-gettext-reencode-sanity.sh b/t/t0204-gettext-reencode-sanity.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8437e51
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0204-gettext-reencode-sanity.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+test_description="Gettext reencoding of our *.po/*.mo files works"
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+# The constants used in a tricky observation for undefined behaviour
+RUNES="TILRAUN: ᚻᛖ ᚳᚹᚫᚦ ᚦᚫᛏ ᚻᛖ ᛒᚢᛞᛖ ᚩᚾ ᚦᚫᛗ ᛚᚪᚾᛞᛖ ᚾᚩᚱᚦᚹᛖᚪᚱᛞᚢᛗ ᚹᛁᚦ ᚦᚪ ᚹᛖᛥᚫ"
+PUNTS="TILRAUN: ?? ???? ??? ?? ???? ?? ??? ????? ??????????? ??? ?? ????"
+MSGKEY="TEST: Old English Runes"
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'gettext: Emitting UTF-8 from our UTF-8 *.mo files / Icelandic' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: Hello World!" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'gettext: Emitting UTF-8 from our UTF-8 *.mo files / Runes' '
+    printf "%s" "$RUNES" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "$MSGKEY" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE 'gettext: Emitting ISO-8859-1 from our UTF-8 *.mo files / Icelandic' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: Halló Heimur!" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO8859-1 >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_iso_locale" gettext "TEST: Hello World!" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE 'gettext: impossible ISO-8859-1 output' '
+	LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_iso_locale" gettext "$MSGKEY" >runes &&
+	case "$(cat runes)" in
+	"$MSGKEY")
+		say "Your system gives back the key to message catalog"
+		;;
+	"$PUNTS")
+		say "Your system replaces an impossible character with ?"
+		;;
+	"$RUNES")
+		say "Your system gives back the raw message for an impossible request"
+		;;
+	*)
+		say "We never saw the error behaviour your system exhibits"
+		false
+		;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'gettext: Fetching a UTF-8 msgid -> UTF-8' '
+    printf "TILRAUN: ‚einfaldar‘ og „tvöfaldar“ gæsalappir" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" gettext "TEST: ‘single’ and “double” quotes" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# How these quotes get transliterated depends on the gettext implementation:
+#
+#   Debian:  ,einfaldar' og ,,tvöfaldar" [GNU libintl]
+#   FreeBSD: `einfaldar` og "tvöfaldar"  [GNU libintl]
+#   Solaris: ?einfaldar? og ?tvöfaldar?  [Solaris libintl]
+#
+# Just make sure the contents are transliterated, and don't use grep -q
+# so that these differences are emitted under --verbose for curious
+# eyes.
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE 'gettext: Fetching a UTF-8 msgid -> ISO-8859-1' '
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_iso_locale" gettext "TEST: ‘single’ and “double” quotes" >actual &&
+    grep "einfaldar" actual &&
+    grep "$(echo tvöfaldar | iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO8859-1)" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_LOCALE 'gettext.c: git init UTF-8 -> UTF-8' '
+    printf "Bjó til tóma Git lind" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_locale" git init repo >actual &&
+    test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+    grep "^$(cat expect) " actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_ISO_LOCALE 'gettext.c: git init UTF-8 -> ISO-8859-1' '
+    printf "Bjó til tóma Git lind" >expect &&
+    LANGUAGE=is LC_ALL="$is_IS_iso_locale" git init repo >actual &&
+    test_when_finished "rm -rf repo" &&
+    grep "^$(cat expect | iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO8859-1) " actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh b/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2361590
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0205-gettext-poison.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Ævar Arnfjörð Bjarmason
+#
+
+test_description='Gettext Shell poison'
+
+. ./lib-gettext.sh
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON "sanity: \$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME is set (to $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME)" '
+    test -n "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON 'sanity: $GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" is poison' '
+    test "$GIT_INTERNAL_GETTEXT_SH_SCHEME" = "poison"
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON 'gettext: our gettext() fallback has poison semantics' '
+    printf "# GETTEXT POISON #" >expect &&
+    gettext "test" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    printf "# GETTEXT POISON #" >expect &&
+    gettext "test more words" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success GETTEXT_POISON 'eval_gettext: our eval_gettext() fallback has poison semantics' '
+    printf "# GETTEXT POISON #" >expect &&
+    eval_gettext "test" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual &&
+    printf "# GETTEXT POISON #" >expect &&
+    eval_gettext "test more words" >actual &&
+    test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0300-credentials.sh b/t/t0300-credentials.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..538ea5f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0300-credentials.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='basic credential helper tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-credential.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup helper scripts' '
+	cat >dump <<-\EOF &&
+	whoami=`echo $0 | sed s/.*git-credential-//`
+	echo >&2 "$whoami: $*"
+	OIFS=$IFS
+	IFS==
+	while read key value; do
+		echo >&2 "$whoami: $key=$value"
+		eval "$key=$value"
+	done
+	IFS=$OIFS
+	EOF
+
+	write_script git-credential-useless <<-\EOF &&
+	. ./dump
+	exit 0
+	EOF
+
+	write_script git-credential-verbatim <<-\EOF &&
+	user=$1; shift
+	pass=$1; shift
+	. ./dump
+	test -z "$user" || echo username=$user
+	test -z "$pass" || echo password=$pass
+	EOF
+
+	PATH="$PWD:$PATH"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_fill invokes helper' '
+	check fill "verbatim foo bar" <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_fill invokes multiple helpers' '
+	check fill useless "verbatim foo bar" <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	useless: get
+	verbatim: get
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_fill stops when we get a full response' '
+	check fill "verbatim one two" "verbatim three four" <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=one
+	password=two
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_fill continues through partial response' '
+	check fill "verbatim one \"\"" "verbatim two three" <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=two
+	password=three
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: username=one
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_fill passes along metadata' '
+	check fill "verbatim one two" <<-\EOF
+	protocol=ftp
+	host=example.com
+	path=foo.git
+	--
+	protocol=ftp
+	host=example.com
+	path=foo.git
+	username=one
+	password=two
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: protocol=ftp
+	verbatim: host=example.com
+	verbatim: path=foo.git
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_approve calls all helpers' '
+	check approve useless "verbatim one two" <<-\EOF
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	--
+	useless: store
+	useless: username=foo
+	useless: password=bar
+	verbatim: store
+	verbatim: username=foo
+	verbatim: password=bar
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not bother storing password-less credential' '
+	check approve useless <<-\EOF
+	username=foo
+	--
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'credential_reject calls all helpers' '
+	check reject useless "verbatim one two" <<-\EOF
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	--
+	useless: erase
+	useless: username=foo
+	useless: password=bar
+	verbatim: erase
+	verbatim: username=foo
+	verbatim: password=bar
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'usernames can be preserved' '
+	check fill "verbatim \"\" three" <<-\EOF
+	username=one
+	--
+	username=one
+	password=three
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: username=one
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'usernames can be overridden' '
+	check fill "verbatim two three" <<-\EOF
+	username=one
+	--
+	username=two
+	password=three
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: username=one
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not bother completing already-full credential' '
+	check fill "verbatim three four" <<-\EOF
+	username=one
+	password=two
+	--
+	username=one
+	password=two
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+# We can't test the basic terminal password prompt here because
+# getpass() tries too hard to find the real terminal. But if our
+# askpass helper is run, we know the internal getpass is working.
+test_expect_success 'empty helper list falls back to internal getpass' '
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=askpass-username
+	password=askpass-password
+	--
+	askpass: Username:
+	askpass: Password:
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'internal getpass does not ask for known username' '
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	username=foo
+	--
+	username=foo
+	password=askpass-password
+	--
+	askpass: Password:
+	EOF
+'
+
+HELPER="!f() {
+		cat >/dev/null
+		echo username=foo
+		echo password=bar
+	}; f"
+test_expect_success 'respect configured credentials' '
+	test_config credential.helper "$HELPER" &&
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	--
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'match configured credential' '
+	test_config credential.https://example.com.helper "$HELPER" &&
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	path=repo.git
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'do not match configured credential' '
+	test_config credential.https://foo.helper "$HELPER" &&
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=bar
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=bar
+	username=askpass-username
+	password=askpass-password
+	--
+	askpass: Username for '\''https://bar'\'':
+	askpass: Password for '\''https://askpass-username@bar'\'':
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull username from config' '
+	test_config credential.https://example.com.username foo &&
+	check fill <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=foo
+	password=askpass-password
+	--
+	askpass: Password for '\''https://foo@example.com'\'':
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http paths can be part of context' '
+	check fill "verbatim foo bar" <<-\EOF &&
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	path=foo.git
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: protocol=https
+	verbatim: host=example.com
+	EOF
+	test_config credential.https://example.com.useHttpPath true &&
+	check fill "verbatim foo bar" <<-\EOF
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	path=foo.git
+	--
+	protocol=https
+	host=example.com
+	path=foo.git
+	username=foo
+	password=bar
+	--
+	verbatim: get
+	verbatim: protocol=https
+	verbatim: host=example.com
+	verbatim: path=foo.git
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh b/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..82c8411
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0301-credential-cache.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='credential-cache tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-credential.sh
+
+test -z "$NO_UNIX_SOCKETS" || {
+	skip_all='skipping credential-cache tests, unix sockets not available'
+	test_done
+}
+
+# don't leave a stale daemon running
+trap 'code=$?; git credential-cache exit; (exit $code); die' EXIT
+
+helper_test cache
+helper_test_timeout cache --timeout=1
+
+# we can't rely on our "trap" above working after test_done,
+# as test_done will delete the trash directory containing
+# our socket, leaving us with no way to access the daemon.
+git credential-cache exit
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0302-credential-store.sh b/t/t0302-credential-store.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f61b40c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0302-credential-store.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='credential-store tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-credential.sh
+
+helper_test store
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t0303-credential-external.sh b/t/t0303-credential-external.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f028fd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t0303-credential-external.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='external credential helper tests
+
+This is a tool for authors of external helper tools to sanity-check
+their helpers. If you have written the "git-credential-foo" helper,
+you check it with:
+
+  make GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER=foo t0303-credential-external.sh
+
+This assumes that your helper is capable of both storing and
+retrieving credentials (some helpers may be read-only, and they will
+fail these tests).
+
+Please note that the individual tests do not verify all of the
+preconditions themselves, but rather build on each other. A failing
+test means that tests later in the sequence can return false "OK"
+results.
+
+If your helper supports time-based expiration with a configurable
+timeout, you can test that feature with:
+
+  make GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER=foo \
+       GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_TIMEOUT="foo --timeout=1" \
+       t0303-credential-external.sh
+
+If your helper requires additional setup before the tests are started,
+you can set GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_SETUP to a sequence of shell
+commands.
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-credential.sh
+
+if test -z "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER"; then
+	skip_all="used to test external credential helpers"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+test -z "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_SETUP" ||
+	eval "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_SETUP"
+
+# clean before the test in case there is cruft left
+# over from a previous run that would impact results
+helper_test_clean "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER"
+
+helper_test "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER"
+
+if test -z "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_TIMEOUT"; then
+	say "# skipping timeout tests (GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_TIMEOUT not set)"
+else
+	helper_test_timeout "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER_TIMEOUT"
+fi
+
+# clean afterwards so that we are good citizens
+# and don't leave cruft in the helper's storage, which
+# might be long-term system storage
+helper_test_clean "$GIT_TEST_CREDENTIAL_HELPER"
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
index 6d52b82..f83df8e 100755
--- a/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
+++ b/t/t1007-hash-object.sh
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@
 done
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt tree' '
-	echo abc >malformed-tree
+	echo abc >malformed-tree &&
 	test_must_fail git hash-object -t tree malformed-tree
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1010-mktree.sh b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
index b946f87..df573c4 100755
--- a/t/t1010-mktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1010-mktree.sh
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (1)' '
-	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top |
+	"$PERL_PATH" -e "print reverse <>" <top |
 	git mktree >actual &&
 	test_cmp tree actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-tree output in wrong order given to mktree (2)' '
-	perl -e "print reverse <>" <top.withsub |
+	"$PERL_PATH" -e "print reverse <>" <top.withsub |
 	git mktree >actual &&
 	test_cmp tree.withsub actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t1013-loose-object-format.sh b/t/t1013-loose-object-format.sh
index 0a9cedd..fbf5f2f 100755
--- a/t/t1013-loose-object-format.sh
+++ b/t/t1013-loose-object-format.sh
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	cp -R "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t1013/objects" .git/
+	cp -R "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t1013/objects" .git/ &&
 	git --version
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
index e23ac0e..1e2945e 100755
--- a/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
+++ b/t/t1020-subdirectory.sh
@@ -111,19 +111,19 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'alias expansion' '
 	(
-		git config alias.ss status &&
+		git config alias.test-status-alias status &&
 		cd dir &&
 		git status &&
-		git ss
+		git test-status-alias
 	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success NOT_MINGW '!alias expansion' '
 	pwd >expect &&
 	(
-		git config alias.test !pwd &&
+		git config alias.test-alias-directory !pwd &&
 		cd dir &&
-		git test >../actual
+		git test-alias-directory >../actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
@@ -131,9 +131,9 @@
 test_expect_success 'GIT_PREFIX for !alias' '
 	printf "dir/" >expect &&
 	(
-		git config alias.test "!sh -c \"printf \$GIT_PREFIX\"" &&
+		git config alias.test-alias-directory "!sh -c \"printf \$GIT_PREFIX\"" &&
 		cd dir &&
-		git test >../actual
+		git test-alias-directory >../actual
 	) &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
diff --git a/t/t1050-large.sh b/t/t1050-large.sh
index deba111..fd10528 100755
--- a/t/t1050-large.sh
+++ b/t/t1050-large.sh
@@ -6,22 +6,161 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-	git config core.bigfilethreshold 200k &&
-	echo X | dd of=large bs=1k seek=2000
+	# clone does not allow us to pass core.bigfilethreshold to
+	# new repos, so set core.bigfilethreshold globally
+	git config --global core.bigfilethreshold 200k &&
+	echo X | dd of=large1 bs=1k seek=2000 &&
+	echo X | dd of=large2 bs=1k seek=2000 &&
+	echo X | dd of=large3 bs=1k seek=2000 &&
+	echo Y | dd of=huge bs=1k seek=2500 &&
+	GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT=1500 &&
+	export GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'add a large file' '
-	git add large &&
-	# make sure we got a packfile and no loose objects
-	test -f .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack &&
-	test ! -f .git/objects/??/??????????????????????????????????????
+test_expect_success 'add a large file or two' '
+	git add large1 huge large2 &&
+	# make sure we got a single packfile and no loose objects
+	bad= count=0 idx= &&
+	for p in .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack
+	do
+		count=$(( $count + 1 ))
+		if test -f "$p" && idx=${p%.pack}.idx && test -f "$idx"
+		then
+			continue
+		fi
+		bad=t
+	done &&
+	test -z "$bad" &&
+	test $count = 1 &&
+	cnt=$(git show-index <"$idx" | wc -l) &&
+	test $cnt = 2 &&
+	for l in .git/objects/??/??????????????????????????????????????
+	do
+		test -f "$l" || continue
+		bad=t
+	done &&
+	test -z "$bad" &&
+
+	# attempt to add another copy of the same
+	git add large3 &&
+	bad= count=0 &&
+	for p in .git/objects/pack/pack-*.pack
+	do
+		count=$(( $count + 1 ))
+		if test -f "$p" && idx=${p%.pack}.idx && test -f "$idx"
+		then
+			continue
+		fi
+		bad=t
+	done &&
+	test -z "$bad" &&
+	test $count = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout a large file' '
-	large=$(git rev-parse :large) &&
-	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $large another &&
+	large1=$(git rev-parse :large1) &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $large1 another &&
 	git checkout another &&
-	cmp large another ;# this must not be test_cmp
+	cmp large1 another ;# this must not be test_cmp
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'packsize limit' '
+	test_create_repo mid &&
+	(
+		cd mid &&
+		git config core.bigfilethreshold 64k &&
+		git config pack.packsizelimit 256k &&
+
+		# mid1 and mid2 will fit within 256k limit but
+		# appending mid3 will bust the limit and will
+		# result in a separate packfile.
+		test-genrandom "a" $(( 66 * 1024 )) >mid1 &&
+		test-genrandom "b" $(( 80 * 1024 )) >mid2 &&
+		test-genrandom "c" $(( 128 * 1024 )) >mid3 &&
+		git add mid1 mid2 mid3 &&
+
+		count=0
+		for pi in .git/objects/pack/pack-*.idx
+		do
+			test -f "$pi" && count=$(( $count + 1 ))
+		done &&
+		test $count = 2 &&
+
+		(
+			git hash-object --stdin <mid1
+			git hash-object --stdin <mid2
+			git hash-object --stdin <mid3
+		) |
+		sort >expect &&
+
+		for pi in .git/objects/pack/pack-*.idx
+		do
+			git show-index <"$pi"
+		done |
+		sed -e "s/^[0-9]* \([0-9a-f]*\) .*/\1/" |
+		sort >actual &&
+
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --raw' '
+	git commit -q -m initial &&
+	echo modified >>large1 &&
+	git add large1 &&
+	git commit -q -m modified &&
+	git diff --raw HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'hash-object' '
+	git hash-object large1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file a large file' '
+	git cat-file blob :large1 >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cat-file a large file from a tag' '
+	git tag -m largefile largefiletag :large1 &&
+	git cat-file blob largefiletag >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git-show a large file' '
+	git show :large1 >/dev/null
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'index-pack' '
+	git clone file://"`pwd`"/.git foo &&
+	GIT_DIR=non-existent git index-pack --strict --verify foo/.git/objects/pack/*.pack
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'repack' '
+	git repack -ad
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pack-objects with large loose object' '
+	SHA1=`git hash-object huge` &&
+	test_create_repo loose &&
+	echo $SHA1 | git pack-objects --stdout |
+		GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT=0 GIT_DIR=loose/.git git unpack-objects &&
+	echo $SHA1 | GIT_DIR=loose/.git git pack-objects pack &&
+	test_create_repo packed &&
+	mv pack-* packed/.git/objects/pack &&
+	GIT_DIR=packed/.git git cat-file blob $SHA1 >actual &&
+	cmp huge actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'tar achiving' '
+	git archive --format=tar HEAD >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'zip achiving, store only' '
+	git archive --format=zip -0 HEAD >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'zip achiving, deflate' '
+	git archive --format=zip HEAD >/dev/null
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1051-large-conversion.sh b/t/t1051-large-conversion.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8b7640b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1051-large-conversion.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test conversion filters on large files'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+set_attr() {
+	test_when_finished 'rm -f .gitattributes' &&
+	echo "* $*" >.gitattributes
+}
+
+check_input() {
+	git read-tree --empty &&
+	git add small large &&
+	git cat-file blob :small >small.index &&
+	git cat-file blob :large | head -n 1 >large.index &&
+	test_cmp small.index large.index
+}
+
+check_output() {
+	rm -f small large &&
+	git checkout small large &&
+	head -n 1 large >large.head &&
+	test_cmp small large.head
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup input tests' '
+	printf "\$Id: foo\$\\r\\n" >small &&
+	cat small small >large &&
+	git config core.bigfilethreshold 20 &&
+	git config filter.test.clean "sed s/.*/CLEAN/"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autocrlf=true converts on input' '
+	test_config core.autocrlf true &&
+	check_input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'eol=crlf converts on input' '
+	set_attr eol=crlf &&
+	check_input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ident converts on input' '
+	set_attr ident &&
+	check_input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'user-defined filters convert on input' '
+	set_attr filter=test &&
+	check_input
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup output tests' '
+	echo "\$Id\$" >small &&
+	cat small small >large &&
+	git add small large &&
+	git config core.bigfilethreshold 7 &&
+	git config filter.test.smudge "sed s/.*/SMUDGE/"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'autocrlf=true converts on output' '
+	test_config core.autocrlf true &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'eol=crlf converts on output' '
+	set_attr eol=crlf &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'user-defined filters convert on output' '
+	set_attr filter=test &&
+	check_output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ident converts on output' '
+	set_attr ident &&
+	rm -f small large &&
+	git checkout small large &&
+	sed -n "s/Id: .*/Id: SHA/p" <small >small.clean &&
+	head -n 1 large >large.head &&
+	sed -n "s/Id: .*/Id: SHA/p" <large.head >large.clean &&
+	test_cmp small.clean large.clean
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
index c4414ff..f8457f9 100755
--- a/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
+++ b/t/t1100-commit-tree-options.sh
@@ -7,6 +7,9 @@
 
 This test checks that git commit-tree can create a specific commit
 object by defining all environment variables that it understands.
+
+Also make sure that command line parser understands the normal
+"flags first and then non flag arguments" command line.
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
@@ -42,4 +45,19 @@
     'compare commit' \
     'test_cmp expected commit'
 
+
+test_expect_success 'flags and then non flags' '
+	test_tick &&
+	echo comment text |
+	git commit-tree $(cat treeid) >commitid &&
+	echo comment text |
+	git commit-tree $(cat treeid) -p $(cat commitid) >childid-1 &&
+	echo comment text |
+	git commit-tree -p $(cat commitid) $(cat treeid) >childid-2 &&
+	test_cmp childid-1 childid-2 &&
+	git commit-tree $(cat treeid) -m foo >childid-3 &&
+	git commit-tree -m foo $(cat treeid) >childid-4 &&
+	test_cmp childid-3 childid-4
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
index 5e29e13..397ccb6 100755
--- a/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
+++ b/t/t1200-tutorial.sh
@@ -154,9 +154,9 @@
 cat > resolve.expect << EOF
 Updating VARIABLE..VARIABLE
 FASTFORWARD (no commit created; -m option ignored)
- example |    1 +
- hello   |    1 +
- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ example | 1 +
+ hello   | 1 +
+ 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'git resolve' '
diff --git a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
index 51caff0..3c96fda 100755
--- a/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
+++ b/t/t1300-repo-config.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@
 	WhatEver = Second
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'similar section' '
-	git config Cores.WhatEver Second
+	git config Cores.WhatEver Second &&
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
@@ -55,11 +55,13 @@
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'replace with non-match' \
-	'git config core.penguin kingpin !blue'
+test_expect_success 'replace with non-match' '
+	git config core.penguin kingpin !blue
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'replace with non-match (actually matching)' \
-	'git config core.penguin "very blue" !kingpin'
+test_expect_success 'replace with non-match (actually matching)' '
+	git config core.penguin "very blue" !kingpin
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [core]
@@ -108,8 +110,9 @@
 lines
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines' \
-	'git config --unset beta.baz'
+test_expect_success 'unset with cont. lines' '
+	git config --unset beta.baz
+'
 
 cat > expect <<\EOF
 [alpha]
@@ -133,8 +136,9 @@
 
 cp .git/config .git/config2
 
-test_expect_success 'multiple unset' \
-	'git config --unset-all beta.haha'
+test_expect_success 'multiple unset' '
+	git config --unset-all beta.haha
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -145,7 +149,9 @@
 [nextSection] noNewline = ouch
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'multiple unset is correct' 'test_cmp expect .git/config'
+test_expect_success 'multiple unset is correct' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
 cp .git/config2 .git/config
 
@@ -156,8 +162,9 @@
 
 rm .git/config2
 
-test_expect_success '--replace-all' \
-	'git config --replace-all beta.haha gamma'
+test_expect_success '--replace-all' '
+	git config --replace-all beta.haha gamma
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -169,7 +176,9 @@
 [nextSection] noNewline = ouch
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'all replaced' 'test_cmp expect .git/config'
+test_expect_success 'all replaced' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -200,7 +209,11 @@
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'get value' 'test alpha = $(git config beta.haha)'
+test_expect_success 'get value' '
+	echo alpha >expect &&
+	git config beta.haha >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -231,18 +244,30 @@
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'non-match' \
-	'git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for'
-
-test_expect_success 'non-match value' \
-	'test wow = $(git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for)'
-
-test_expect_success 'ambiguous get' '
-	test_must_fail git config --get nextsection.nonewline
+test_expect_success 'non-match' '
+	git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'get multivar' \
-	'git config --get-all nextsection.nonewline'
+test_expect_success 'non-match value' '
+	echo wow >expect &&
+	git config --get nextsection.nonewline !for >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multi-valued get returns final one' '
+	echo "wow2 for me" >expect &&
+	git config --get nextsection.nonewline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multi-valued get-all returns all' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	wow
+	wow2 for me
+	EOF
+	git config --get-all nextsection.nonewline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -259,10 +284,6 @@
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'ambiguous value' '
-	test_must_fail git config nextsection.nonewline
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'ambiguous unset' '
 	test_must_fail git config --unset nextsection.nonewline
 '
@@ -290,8 +311,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'correct key' 'git config 123456.a123 987'
 
-test_expect_success 'hierarchical section' \
-	'git config Version.1.2.3eX.Alpha beta'
+test_expect_success 'hierarchical section' '
+	git config Version.1.2.3eX.Alpha beta
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [beta] ; silly comment # another comment
@@ -307,7 +329,9 @@
 	Alpha = beta
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'hierarchical section value' 'test_cmp expect .git/config'
+test_expect_success 'hierarchical section value' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 beta.noindent=sillyValue
@@ -316,9 +340,10 @@
 version.1.2.3eX.alpha=beta
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'working --list' \
-	'git config --list > output && cmp output expect'
-
+test_expect_success 'working --list' '
+	git config --list > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 cat > expect << EOF
 EOF
 
@@ -332,8 +357,10 @@
 nextsection.nonewline wow2 for me
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success '--get-regexp' \
-	'git config --get-regexp in > output && cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success '--get-regexp' '
+	git config --get-regexp in >output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 wow2 for me
@@ -353,45 +380,52 @@
 	variable =
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'get variable with no value' \
-	'git config --get novalue.variable ^$'
+test_expect_success 'get variable with no value' '
+	git config --get novalue.variable ^$
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'get variable with empty value' \
-	'git config --get emptyvalue.variable ^$'
+test_expect_success 'get variable with empty value' '
+	git config --get emptyvalue.variable ^$
+'
 
 echo novalue.variable > expect
 
-test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with no value' \
-	'git config --get-regexp novalue > output &&
-	 cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with no value' '
+	git config --get-regexp novalue > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 echo 'novalue.variable true' > expect
 
-test_expect_success 'get-regexp --bool variable with no value' \
-	'git config --bool --get-regexp novalue > output &&
-	 cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'get-regexp --bool variable with no value' '
+	git config --bool --get-regexp novalue > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 echo 'emptyvalue.variable ' > expect
 
-test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with empty value' \
-	'git config --get-regexp emptyvalue > output &&
-	 cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'get-regexp variable with empty value' '
+	git config --get-regexp emptyvalue > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 echo true > expect
 
-test_expect_success 'get bool variable with no value' \
-	'git config --bool novalue.variable > output &&
-	 cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'get bool variable with no value' '
+	git config --bool novalue.variable > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 echo false > expect
 
-test_expect_success 'get bool variable with empty value' \
-	'git config --bool emptyvalue.variable > output &&
-	 cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'get bool variable with empty value' '
+	git config --bool emptyvalue.variable > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'no arguments, but no crash' '
 	test_must_fail git config >output 2>&1 &&
-	grep usage output
+	test_i18ngrep usage output
 '
 
 cat > .git/config << EOF
@@ -427,8 +461,9 @@
 	test_cmp expect .git/config
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (non-existing file should fail)' \
-	'test_must_fail git config --file non-existing-config -l'
+test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (non-existing file should fail)' '
+	test_must_fail git config --file non-existing-config -l
+'
 
 cat > other-config << EOF
 [ein]
@@ -444,20 +479,30 @@
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (--file)' \
-	'git config --file other-config -l > output && cmp output expect'
+test_expect_success 'alternative GIT_CONFIG (--file)' '
+	git config --file other-config -l > output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'refer config from subdirectory' '
 	mkdir x &&
 	(
 		cd x &&
-		echo strasse >expect
+		echo strasse >expect &&
 		git config --get --file ../other-config ein.bahn >actual &&
 		test_cmp expect actual
 	)
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'refer config from subdirectory via GIT_CONFIG' '
+	(
+		cd x &&
+		GIT_CONFIG=../other-config git config --get ein.bahn >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 [ein]
 	bahn = strasse
@@ -481,8 +526,9 @@
 weird
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename section" \
-	"git config --rename-section branch.eins branch.zwei"
+test_expect_success 'rename section' '
+	git config --rename-section branch.eins branch.zwei
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -495,17 +541,22 @@
 weird
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success 'rename succeeded' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
-test_expect_success "rename non-existing section" '
+test_expect_success 'rename non-existing section' '
 	test_must_fail git config --rename-section \
 		branch."world domination" branch.drei
 '
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success 'rename succeeded' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
-test_expect_success "rename another section" \
-	'git config --rename-section branch."1 234 blabl/a" branch.drei'
+test_expect_success 'rename another section' '
+	git config --rename-section branch."1 234 blabl/a" branch.drei
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -518,14 +569,17 @@
 weird
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success 'rename succeeded' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
 cat >> .git/config << EOF
 [branch "vier"] z = 1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename a section with a var on the same line" \
-	'git config --rename-section branch.vier branch.zwei'
+test_expect_success 'rename a section with a var on the same line' '
+	git config --rename-section branch.vier branch.zwei
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -540,13 +594,25 @@
 	z = 1
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "rename succeeded" "test_cmp expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success 'rename succeeded' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'renaming empty section name is rejected' '
+	test_must_fail git config --rename-section branch.zwei ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'renaming to bogus section is rejected' '
+	test_must_fail git config --rename-section branch.zwei "bogus name"
+'
 
 cat >> .git/config << EOF
   [branch "zwei"] a = 1 [branch "vier"]
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "remove section" "git config --remove-section branch.zwei"
+test_expect_success 'remove section' '
+	git config --remove-section branch.zwei
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 # Hallo
@@ -555,8 +621,9 @@
 weird
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success "section was removed properly" \
-	"test_cmp expect .git/config"
+test_expect_success 'section was removed properly' '
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
 cat > expect << EOF
 [gitcvs]
@@ -567,7 +634,6 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'section ending' '
-
 	rm -f .git/config &&
 	git config gitcvs.enabled true &&
 	git config gitcvs.ext.dbname %Ggitcvs1.%a.%m.sqlite &&
@@ -577,30 +643,25 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success numbers '
-
 	git config kilo.gram 1k &&
 	git config mega.ton 1m &&
-	k=$(git config --int --get kilo.gram) &&
-	test z1024 = "z$k" &&
-	m=$(git config --int --get mega.ton) &&
-	test z1048576 = "z$m"
+	echo 1024 >expect &&
+	echo 1048576 >>expect &&
+	git config --int --get kilo.gram >actual &&
+	git config --int --get mega.ton >>actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-cat > expect <<EOF
-fatal: bad config value for 'aninvalid.unit' in .git/config
-EOF
-
 test_expect_success 'invalid unit' '
-
 	git config aninvalid.unit "1auto" &&
-	s=$(git config aninvalid.unit) &&
-	test "z1auto" = "z$s" &&
-	if git config --int --get aninvalid.unit 2>actual
-	then
-		echo config should have failed
-		false
-	fi &&
-	cmp actual expect
+	echo 1auto >expect &&
+	git config aninvalid.unit >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	cat > expect <<-\EOF
+	fatal: bad config value for '\''aninvalid.unit'\'' in .git/config
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git config --int --get aninvalid.unit 2>actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
@@ -630,7 +691,7 @@
 	    git config --bool --get bool.true$i >>result
 	    git config --bool --get bool.false$i >>result
         done &&
-	cmp expect result'
+	test_cmp expect result'
 
 test_expect_success 'invalid bool (--get)' '
 
@@ -664,7 +725,7 @@
 	git config --bool bool.false2 "" &&
 	git config --bool bool.false3 nO &&
 	git config --bool bool.false4 FALSE &&
-	cmp expect .git/config'
+	test_cmp expect .git/config'
 
 cat > expect <<\EOF
 [int]
@@ -679,39 +740,37 @@
 	git config --int int.val1 01 &&
 	git config --int int.val2 -1 &&
 	git config --int int.val3 5m &&
-	cmp expect .git/config'
+	test_cmp expect .git/config
+'
 
-cat >expect <<\EOF
-[bool]
-	true1 = true
+test_expect_success 'get --bool-or-int' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	[bool]
+	true1
 	true2 = true
-	false1 = false
-	false2 = false
-[int]
+	false = false
+	[int]
 	int1 = 0
 	int2 = 1
 	int3 = -1
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success 'get --bool-or-int' '
-	rm -f .git/config &&
-	(
-		echo "[bool]"
-		echo true1
-		echo true2 = true
-		echo false = false
-		echo "[int]"
-		echo int1 = 0
-		echo int2 = 1
-		echo int3 = -1
-	) >>.git/config &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.true1) = true &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.true2) = true &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int bool.false) = false &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int1) = 0 &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int2) = 1 &&
-	test $(git config --bool-or-int int.int3) = -1
-
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	true
+	true
+	false
+	0
+	1
+	-1
+	EOF
+	{
+		git config --bool-or-int bool.true1 &&
+		git config --bool-or-int bool.true2 &&
+		git config --bool-or-int bool.false &&
+		git config --bool-or-int int.int1 &&
+		git config --bool-or-int int.int2 &&
+		git config --bool-or-int int.int3
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<\EOF
@@ -787,6 +846,11 @@
 	test_cmp expect result
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'get --path barfs on boolean variable' '
+	echo "[path]bool" >.git/config &&
+	test_must_fail git config --get --path path.bool
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 [quote]
 	leading = " test"
@@ -828,7 +892,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'value continued on next line' '
 	git config --list > result &&
-	cmp result expect
+	test_cmp result expect
 '
 
 cat > .git/config <<\EOF
@@ -864,11 +928,12 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'inner whitespace kept verbatim' '
 	git config section.val "foo 	  bar" &&
-	test "z$(git config section.val)" = "zfoo 	  bar"
+	echo "foo 	  bar" >expect &&
+	git config section.val >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinked configuration' '
-
 	ln -s notyet myconfig &&
 	GIT_CONFIG=myconfig git config test.frotz nitfol &&
 	test -h myconfig &&
@@ -877,9 +942,15 @@
 	GIT_CONFIG=myconfig git config test.xyzzy rezrov &&
 	test -h myconfig &&
 	test -f notyet &&
-	test "z$(GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.frotz)" = znitfol &&
-	test "z$(GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.xyzzy)" = zrezrov
-
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	nitfol
+	rezrov
+	EOF
+	{
+		GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.frotz &&
+		GIT_CONFIG=notyet git config test.xyzzy
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'nonexistent configuration' '
@@ -911,12 +982,20 @@
 	git commit -m 'initial commit' &&
 	git config branch.master.mergeoptions 'echo \"' &&
 	test_must_fail git merge master
-	"
+"
 
 test_expect_success 'git -c "key=value" support' '
-	test "z$(git -c core.name=value config core.name)" = zvalue &&
-	test "z$(git -c foo.CamelCase=value config foo.camelcase)" = zvalue &&
-	test "z$(git -c foo.flag config --bool foo.flag)" = ztrue &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	value
+	value
+	true
+	EOF
+	{
+		git -c core.name=value config core.name &&
+		git -c foo.CamelCase=value config foo.camelcase &&
+		git -c foo.flag config --bool foo.flag
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
 	test_must_fail git -c name=value config core.name
 '
 
@@ -960,4 +1039,52 @@
 	test_must_fail git -c "" rev-parse
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git config --edit works' '
+	git config -f tmp test.value no &&
+	echo test.value=yes >expect &&
+	GIT_EDITOR="echo [test]value=yes >" git config -f tmp --edit &&
+	git config -f tmp --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git config --edit respects core.editor' '
+	git config -f tmp test.value no &&
+	echo test.value=yes >expect &&
+	test_config core.editor "echo [test]value=yes >" &&
+	git config -f tmp --edit &&
+	git config -f tmp --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+# malformed configuration files
+test_expect_success 'barf on syntax error' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	# broken section line
+	[section]
+	key garbage
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
+	grep " line 3 " error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete section header' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	# broken section line
+	[section
+	key = value
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
+	grep " line 2 " error
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'barf on incomplete string' '
+	cat >.git/config <<-\EOF &&
+	# broken section line
+	[section]
+	key = "value string
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git config --get section.key >actual 2>error &&
+	grep " line 3 " error
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1304-default-acl.sh b/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
index 2b962cf..79045ab 100755
--- a/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
+++ b/t/t1304-default-acl.sh
@@ -14,16 +14,15 @@
 # We need an arbitrary other user give permission to using ACLs. root
 # is a good candidate: exists on all unices, and it has permission
 # anyway, so we don't create a security hole running the testsuite.
-
-setfacl_out="$(setfacl -m u:root:rwx . 2>&1)"
-setfacl_ret=$?
-
-if test $setfacl_ret != 0
-then
-	say "Unable to use setfacl (output: '$setfacl_out'; return code: '$setfacl_ret')"
-else
-	test_set_prereq SETFACL
-fi
+test_expect_success 'checking for a working acl setup' '
+	if setfacl -m d:m:rwx -m u:root:rwx . &&
+	   getfacl . | grep user:root:rwx &&
+	   touch should-have-readable-acl &&
+	   getfacl should-have-readable-acl | egrep "mask::?rw-"
+	then
+		test_set_prereq SETFACL
+	fi
+'
 
 if test -z "$LOGNAME"
 then
diff --git a/t/t1305-config-include.sh b/t/t1305-config-include.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a707076
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1305-config-include.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test config file include directives'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'include file by absolute path' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = \"$(pwd)/one\"" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git config test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'include file by relative path' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git config test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'chained relative paths' '
+	mkdir subdir &&
+	echo "[test]three = 3" >subdir/three &&
+	echo "[include]path = three" >subdir/two &&
+	echo "[include]path = subdir/two" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo 3 >expect &&
+	git config test.three >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'include paths get tilde-expansion' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = ~/one" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git config test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'include options can still be examined' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo one >expect &&
+	git config include.path >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing includes option and expansion' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	include.path=one
+	test.one=1
+	EOF
+	git config --list >actual.full &&
+	grep -v ^core actual.full >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single file lookup does not expand includes by default' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	test_must_fail git config -f .gitconfig test.one &&
+	test_must_fail git config --global test.one &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git config --includes -f .gitconfig test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single file list does not expand includes by default' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo "include.path=one" >expect &&
+	git config -f .gitconfig --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'writing config file does not expand includes' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	git config test.two 2 &&
+	echo 2 >expect &&
+	git config --no-includes test.two >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	test_must_fail git config --no-includes test.one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'config modification does not affect includes' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo "[include]path = one" >.gitconfig &&
+	git config test.one 2 &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git config -f one test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	1
+	2
+	EOF
+	git config --get-all test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'missing include files are ignored' '
+	cat >.gitconfig <<-\EOF &&
+	[include]path = foo
+	[test]value = yes
+	EOF
+	echo yes >expect &&
+	git config test.value >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'absolute includes from command line work' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	echo 1 >expect &&
+	git -c include.path="$PWD/one" config test.one >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'relative includes from command line fail' '
+	echo "[test]one = 1" >one &&
+	test_must_fail git -c include.path=one config test.one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'include cycles are detected' '
+	cat >.gitconfig <<-\EOF &&
+	[test]value = gitconfig
+	[include]path = cycle
+	EOF
+	cat >cycle <<-\EOF &&
+	[test]value = cycle
+	[include]path = .gitconfig
+	EOF
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	gitconfig
+	cycle
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git config --get-all test.value 2>stderr &&
+	grep "exceeded maximum include depth" stderr
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh b/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8b14ab1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1306-xdg-files.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Valentin Duperray, Lucien Kong, Franck Jonas,
+#		     Thomas Nguy, Khoi Nguyen
+#		     Grenoble INP Ensimag
+#
+
+test_description='Compatibility with $XDG_CONFIG_HOME/git/ files'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'read config: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig doesn'\''t' '
+	mkdir -p .config/git &&
+	echo "[alias]" >.config/git/config &&
+	echo "	myalias = !echo in_config" >>.config/git/config &&
+	echo in_config >expected &&
+	git myalias >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'read config: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig exists' '
+	>.gitconfig &&
+	echo "[alias]" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo "	myalias = !echo in_gitconfig" >>.gitconfig &&
+	echo in_gitconfig >expected &&
+	git myalias >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'read with --get: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig doesn'\''t' '
+	rm .gitconfig &&
+	echo "[user]" >.config/git/config &&
+	echo "	name = read_config" >>.config/git/config &&
+	echo read_config >expected &&
+	git config --get user.name >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"$XDG_CONFIG_HOME overrides $HOME/.config/git' '
+	mkdir -p "$HOME"/xdg/git &&
+	echo "[user]name = in_xdg" >"$HOME"/xdg/git/config &&
+	echo in_xdg >expected &&
+	XDG_CONFIG_HOME="$HOME"/xdg git config --get-all user.name >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'read with --get: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig exists' '
+	>.gitconfig &&
+	echo "[user]" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo "	name = read_gitconfig" >>.gitconfig &&
+	echo read_gitconfig >expected &&
+	git config --get user.name >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'read with --list: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig doesn'\''t' '
+	rm .gitconfig &&
+	echo user.name=read_config >expected &&
+	git config --global --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'read with --list: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig exists' '
+	>.gitconfig &&
+	echo "[user]" >.gitconfig &&
+	echo "	name = read_gitconfig" >>.gitconfig &&
+	echo user.name=read_gitconfig >expected &&
+	git config --global --list >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Setup' '
+	git init git &&
+	cd git &&
+	echo foo >to_be_excluded
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Exclusion of a file in the XDG ignore file' '
+	mkdir -p "$HOME"/.config/git/ &&
+	echo to_be_excluded >"$HOME"/.config/git/ignore &&
+	test_must_fail git add to_be_excluded
+'
+
+test_expect_success '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME overrides $HOME/.config/git/ignore' '
+	mkdir -p "$HOME"/xdg/git &&
+	echo content >excluded_by_xdg_only &&
+	echo excluded_by_xdg_only >"$HOME"/xdg/git/ignore &&
+	test_when_finished "git read-tree --empty" &&
+	(XDG_CONFIG_HOME="$HOME/xdg" &&
+	 export XDG_CONFIG_HOME &&
+	 git add to_be_excluded &&
+	 test_must_fail git add excluded_by_xdg_only
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Exclusion in both XDG and local ignore files' '
+	echo to_be_excluded >.gitignore &&
+	test_must_fail git add to_be_excluded
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Exclusion in a non-XDG global ignore file' '
+	rm .gitignore &&
+	echo >"$HOME"/.config/git/ignore &&
+	echo to_be_excluded >"$HOME"/my_gitignore &&
+	git config core.excludesfile "$HOME"/my_gitignore &&
+	test_must_fail git add to_be_excluded
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Checking XDG ignore file when HOME is unset' '
+	>expected &&
+	(sane_unset HOME &&
+	 git config --unset core.excludesfile &&
+	 git ls-files --exclude-standard --ignored >actual) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Checking attributes in the XDG attributes file' '
+	echo foo >f &&
+	git check-attr -a f >actual &&
+	test_line_count -eq 0 actual &&
+	echo "f attr_f" >"$HOME"/.config/git/attributes &&
+	echo "f: attr_f: set" >expected &&
+	git check-attr -a f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Checking XDG attributes when HOME is unset' '
+	>expected &&
+	(sane_unset HOME &&
+	 git check-attr -a f >actual) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '$XDG_CONFIG_HOME overrides $HOME/.config/git/attributes' '
+	mkdir -p "$HOME"/xdg/git &&
+	echo "f attr_f=xdg" >"$HOME"/xdg/git/attributes &&
+	echo "f: attr_f: xdg" >expected &&
+	XDG_CONFIG_HOME="$HOME/xdg" git check-attr -a f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'Checking attributes in both XDG and local attributes files' '
+	echo "f -attr_f" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "f: attr_f: unset" >expected &&
+	git check-attr -a f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'Checking attributes in a non-XDG global attributes file' '
+	test_might_fail rm .gitattributes &&
+	echo "f attr_f=test" >"$HOME"/my_gitattributes &&
+	git config core.attributesfile "$HOME"/my_gitattributes &&
+	echo "f: attr_f: test" >expected &&
+	git check-attr -a f >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'write: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig doesn'\''t' '
+	mkdir -p "$HOME"/.config/git &&
+	>"$HOME"/.config/git/config &&
+	test_might_fail rm "$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+	git config --global user.name "write_config" &&
+	echo "[user]" >expected &&
+	echo "	name = write_config" >>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$HOME"/.config/git/config
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'write: xdg file exists and ~/.gitconfig exists' '
+	>"$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+	git config --global user.name "write_gitconfig" &&
+	echo "[user]" >expected &&
+	echo "	name = write_gitconfig" >>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$HOME"/.gitconfig
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'write: ~/.config/git/ exists and config file doesn'\''t' '
+	test_might_fail rm "$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
+	test_might_fail rm "$HOME"/.config/git/config &&
+	git config --global user.name "write_gitconfig" &&
+	echo "[user]" >expected &&
+	echo "	name = write_gitconfig" >>expected &&
+	test_cmp expected "$HOME"/.gitconfig
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
index 4fd83a6..e415ee0 100755
--- a/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1400-update-ref.sh
@@ -74,6 +74,24 @@
 '
 rm -f .git/$m
 
+test_expect_success \
+	"create $m (by HEAD)" \
+	"git update-ref HEAD $A &&
+	 test $A"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success \
+	"pack refs" \
+	"git pack-refs --all"
+test_expect_success \
+	"move $m (by HEAD)" \
+	"git update-ref HEAD $B $A &&
+	 test $B"' = $(cat .git/'"$m"')'
+test_expect_success "delete $m (by HEAD) should remove both packed and loose $m" '
+	git update-ref -d HEAD $B &&
+	! grep "$m" .git/packed-refs &&
+	! test -f .git/$m
+'
+rm -f .git/$m
+
 cp -f .git/HEAD .git/HEAD.orig
 test_expect_success "delete symref without dereference" '
 	git update-ref --no-deref -d HEAD &&
diff --git a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
index 2c96551..36378b0 100755
--- a/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t1401-symbolic-ref.sh
@@ -33,4 +33,34 @@
 '
 reset_to_sane
 
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref deletes HEAD' '
+	git symbolic-ref -d HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/foo &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref deletes dangling HEAD' '
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/missing &&
+	git symbolic-ref -d HEAD &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/missing &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/HEAD
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref fails to delete missing FOO' '
+	echo "fatal: Cannot delete FOO, not a symbolic ref" >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref -d FOO >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
+test_expect_success 'symbolic-ref fails to delete real ref' '
+	echo "fatal: Cannot delete refs/heads/foo, not a symbolic ref" >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git symbolic-ref -d refs/heads/foo >actual 2>&1 &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/foo &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+reset_to_sane
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
index 1ae4d87..1a5a5f3 100755
--- a/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
+++ b/t/t1402-check-ref-format.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,8 @@
 		prereq=$1
 		shift
 	esac
-	test_expect_success $prereq "ref name '$1' is valid${2:+ with options $2}" "
+	desc="ref name '$1' is valid${2:+ with options $2}"
+	test_expect_success $prereq "$desc" "
 		git check-ref-format $2 '$1'
 	"
 }
@@ -22,7 +23,8 @@
 		prereq=$1
 		shift
 	esac
-	test_expect_success $prereq "ref name '$1' is invalid${2:+ with options $2}" "
+	desc="ref name '$1' is invalid${2:+ with options $2}"
+	test_expect_success $prereq "$desc" "
 		test_must_fail git check-ref-format $2 '$1'
 	"
 }
diff --git a/t/t1410-reflog.sh b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
index 252fc82..236b13a 100755
--- a/t/t1410-reflog.sh
+++ b/t/t1410-reflog.sh
@@ -100,8 +100,7 @@
 
 	check_fsck &&
 
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 4
+	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success rewind '
@@ -117,8 +116,7 @@
 
 	check_have A B C D E F G H I J K L &&
 
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 5
+	test_line_count = 5 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt and check' '
@@ -136,8 +134,7 @@
 		--stale-fix \
 		--all &&
 
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 5 &&
+	test_line_count = 5 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
 
 	check_fsck "missing blob $F"
 '
@@ -150,8 +147,7 @@
 		--stale-fix \
 		--all &&
 
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 2 &&
+	test_line_count = 2 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
 
 	check_fsck "dangling commit $K"
 '
@@ -217,9 +213,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'rewind2' '
 
 	test_tick && git reset --hard HEAD~2 &&
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 4
-
+	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--expire=never' '
@@ -228,9 +222,7 @@
 		--expire=never \
 		--expire-unreachable=never \
 		--all &&
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 4
-
+	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=never' '
@@ -238,8 +230,7 @@
 	git config gc.reflogexpire never &&
 	git config gc.reflogexpireunreachable never &&
 	git reflog expire --verbose --all &&
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 4
+	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc.reflogexpire=false' '
@@ -247,8 +238,7 @@
 	git config gc.reflogexpire false &&
 	git config gc.reflogexpireunreachable false &&
 	git reflog expire --verbose --all &&
-	loglen=$(wc -l <.git/logs/refs/heads/master) &&
-	test $loglen = 4 &&
+	test_line_count = 4 .git/logs/refs/heads/master &&
 
 	git config --unset gc.reflogexpire &&
 	git config --unset gc.reflogexpireunreachable
diff --git a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
index caa687b..9a105fe 100755
--- a/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
+++ b/t/t1411-reflog-show.sh
@@ -65,20 +65,73 @@
 '
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
-Reflog: HEAD@{1112911993 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using @{now} syntax shows reflog date (format=%gd)' '
+	git log -g -1 --format=%gd HEAD@{now} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
 Reflog message: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (multiline)' '
-	git log -g -1 --date=raw >tmp &&
+	git log -g -1 --date=default >tmp &&
 	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
-e46513e HEAD@{1112911993 -0700}: commit (initial): one
+e46513e HEAD@{Thu Apr 7 15:13:13 2005 -0700}: commit (initial): one
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (oneline)' '
-	git log -g -1 --oneline --date=raw >actual &&
+	git log -g -1 --oneline --date=default >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+HEAD@{1112911993 -0700}
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'using --date= shows reflog date (format=%gd)' '
+	git log -g -1 --format=%gd --date=raw >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+Reflog: HEAD@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
+Reflog message: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'log.date does not invoke "--date" magic (multiline)' '
+	test_config log.date raw &&
+	git log -g -1 >tmp &&
+	grep ^Reflog <tmp >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+e46513e HEAD@{0}: commit (initial): one
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'log.date does not invoke "--date" magic (oneline)' '
+	test_config log.date raw &&
+	git log -g -1 --oneline >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+HEAD@{0}
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'log.date does not invoke "--date" magic (format=%gd)' '
+	test_config log.date raw &&
+	git log -g -1 --format=%gd >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+HEAD@{0}
+EOF
+test_expect_success '--date magic does not override explicit @{0} syntax' '
+	git log -g -1 --format=%gd --date=raw HEAD@{0} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh b/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh
index 647d888..3acd895 100755
--- a/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh
+++ b/t/t1412-reflog-loop.sh
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reflog shows all entries' '
-	cat >expect <<-\EOF
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 		topic@{0} reset: moving to two
 		topic@{1} reset: moving to one
 		topic@{2} reset: moving to two
diff --git a/t/t1450-fsck.sh b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
index 523ce9c..d730734 100755
--- a/t/t1450-fsck.sh
+++ b/t/t1450-fsck.sh
@@ -27,12 +27,8 @@
 		git init &&
 		echo ../../../.git/objects >.git/objects/info/alternates &&
 		test_commit C fileC one &&
-		git fsck >../out 2>&1
+		git fsck --no-dangling >../actual 2>&1
 	) &&
-	{
-		grep -v dangling out >actual ||
-		:
-	} &&
 	test_cmp empty actual
 '
 
@@ -181,9 +177,7 @@
 	test_when_finished "remove_object $tag" &&
 	echo $tag >.git/refs/tags/wrong &&
 	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/tags/wrong" &&
-	test_must_fail git fsck --tags 2>out &&
-	cat out &&
-	grep "error in tag.*broken links" out
+	test_must_fail git fsck --tags
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cleaned up' '
@@ -191,4 +185,87 @@
 	test_cmp empty actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects' '
+	git rev-list --verify-objects --all >/dev/null 2>out &&
+	test_cmp empty out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-list --verify-objects with bad sha1' '
+	sha=$(echo blob | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	old=$(echo $sha | sed "s+^..+&/+") &&
+	new=$(dirname $old)/ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff &&
+	sha="$(dirname $new)$(basename $new)" &&
+	mv .git/objects/$old .git/objects/$new &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $sha" &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 $sha foo &&
+	test_when_finished "git read-tree -u --reset HEAD" &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $tree" &&
+	cmt=$(echo bogus | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	test_when_finished "remove_object $cmt" &&
+	git update-ref refs/heads/bogus $cmt &&
+	test_when_finished "git update-ref -d refs/heads/bogus" &&
+
+	test_might_fail git rev-list --verify-objects refs/heads/bogus >/dev/null 2>out &&
+	cat out &&
+	grep -q "error: sha1 mismatch 63ffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffffff" out
+'
+
+_bz='\0'
+_bz5="$_bz$_bz$_bz$_bz$_bz"
+_bz20="$_bz5$_bz5$_bz5$_bz5"
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices blob entry pointing to null sha1' '
+	(git init null-blob &&
+	 cd null-blob &&
+	 sha=$(printf "100644 file$_bz$_bz20" |
+	       git hash-object -w --stdin -t tree) &&
+	  git fsck 2>out &&
+	  cat out &&
+	  grep "warning.*null sha1" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices submodule entry pointing to null sha1' '
+	(git init null-commit &&
+	 cd null-commit &&
+	 sha=$(printf "160000 submodule$_bz$_bz20" |
+	       git hash-object -w --stdin -t tree) &&
+	  git fsck 2>out &&
+	  cat out &&
+	  grep "warning.*null sha1" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices "." and ".." in trees' '
+	(
+		git init dots &&
+		cd dots &&
+		blob=$(echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		tab=$(printf "\\t") &&
+		git mktree <<-EOF &&
+		100644 blob $blob$tab.
+		100644 blob $blob$tab..
+		EOF
+		git fsck 2>out &&
+		cat out &&
+		grep "warning.*\\." out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fsck notices ".git" in trees' '
+	(
+		git init dotgit &&
+		cd dotgit &&
+		blob=$(echo foo | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+		tab=$(printf "\\t") &&
+		git mktree <<-EOF &&
+		100644 blob $blob$tab.git
+		EOF
+		git fsck 2>out &&
+		cat out &&
+		grep "warning.*\\.git" out
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1501-worktree.sh b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
index 6384983..8f36aa9 100755
--- a/t/t1501-worktree.sh
+++ b/t/t1501-worktree.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup: core.worktree = relative path' '
-	unset GIT_WORK_TREE;
+	sane_unset GIT_WORK_TREE &&
 	GIT_DIR=repo.git &&
 	GIT_CONFIG="$(pwd)"/$GIT_DIR/config &&
 	export GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG &&
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'empty prefix is actually written out' '
+test_expect_success 'empty prefix is actually written out' '
 	echo >expected &&
 	(
 		cd work &&
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup: core.worktree = absolute path' '
-	unset GIT_WORK_TREE;
+	sane_unset GIT_WORK_TREE &&
 	GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/repo.git &&
 	GIT_CONFIG=$GIT_DIR/config &&
 	export GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG &&
@@ -334,7 +334,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'make_relative_path handles double slashes in GIT_DIR' '
-	>dummy_file
+	>dummy_file &&
 	echo git --git-dir="$(pwd)//repo.git" --work-tree="$(pwd)" add dummy_file &&
 	git --git-dir="$(pwd)//repo.git" --work-tree="$(pwd)" add dummy_file
 '
diff --git a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
index 1efd7f7..13c88c9 100755
--- a/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
+++ b/t/t1502-rev-parse-parseopt.sh
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'test --parseopt help output' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git rev-parse --parseopt -- -h > output < optionspec &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 cat > expect <<EOF
diff --git a/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
index d709ecf..4969edb 100755
--- a/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
+++ b/t/t1505-rev-parse-last.sh
@@ -32,32 +32,24 @@
 #
 # and 'side' should be the last branch
 
-test_rev_equivalent () {
-
-	git rev-parse "$1" > expect &&
-	git rev-parse "$2" > output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
-
-}
-
 test_expect_success '@{-1} works' '
-	test_rev_equivalent side @{-1}
+	test_cmp_rev side @{-1}
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{-1}~2 works' '
-	test_rev_equivalent side~2 @{-1}~2
+	test_cmp_rev side~2 @{-1}~2
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{-1}^2 works' '
-	test_rev_equivalent side^2 @{-1}^2
+	test_cmp_rev side^2 @{-1}^2
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{-1}@{1} works' '
-	test_rev_equivalent side@{1} @{-1}@{1}
+	test_cmp_rev side@{1} @{-1}@{1}
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{-2} works' '
-	test_rev_equivalent master @{-2}
+	test_cmp_rev master @{-2}
 '
 
 test_expect_success '@{-3} fails' '
diff --git a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
index 0843a1c..f950c10 100755
--- a/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
+++ b/t/t1506-rev-parse-diagnosis.sh
@@ -171,4 +171,29 @@
 	grep "BUG: startup_info struct is not initialized." error
 '
 
+test_expect_success '<commit>:file correctly diagnosed after a pathname' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse file.txt HEAD:file.txt 1>actual 2>error &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "exists on disk" error &&
+	test_i18ngrep "no such path in the working tree" error &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	file.txt
+	HEAD:file.txt
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dotdot is not an empty set' '
+	( H=$(git rev-parse HEAD) && echo $H && echo ^$H ) >expect &&
+
+	git rev-parse HEAD.. >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git rev-parse ..HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	echo .. >expect &&
+	git rev-parse .. >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
index a455551..d6e5761 100755
--- a/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t1507-rev-parse-upstream.sh
@@ -15,10 +15,18 @@
 	test_commit 3 &&
 	(cd clone &&
 	 test_commit 4 &&
-	 git branch --track my-side origin/side)
-
+	 git branch --track my-side origin/side &&
+	 git branch --track local-master master &&
+	 git remote add -t master master-only .. &&
+	 git fetch master-only &&
+	 git branch bad-upstream &&
+	 git config branch.bad-upstream.remote master-only &&
+	 git config branch.bad-upstream.merge refs/heads/side
+	)
 '
 
+sq="'"
+
 full_name () {
 	(cd clone &&
 	 git rev-parse --symbolic-full-name "$@")
@@ -29,6 +37,11 @@
 	 git show -s --pretty=format:%s "$@")
 }
 
+error_message () {
+	(cd clone &&
+	 test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify "$@")
+}
+
 test_expect_success '@{upstream} resolves to correct full name' '
 	test refs/remotes/origin/master = "$(full_name @{upstream})"
 '
@@ -78,7 +91,6 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'merge my-side@{u} records the correct name' '
 (
-	sq="'\''" &&
 	cd clone || exit
 	git checkout master || exit
 	git branch -D new ;# can fail but is ok
@@ -107,6 +119,69 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch@{u} works when tracking a local branch' '
+	test refs/heads/master = "$(full_name local-master@{u})"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message when no upstream' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	error: No upstream configured for branch ${sq}non-tracking${sq}
+	fatal: Needed a single revision
+	EOF
+	error_message non-tracking@{u} 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{u} error message when no upstream' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	error: No upstream configured for branch ${sq}master${sq}
+	fatal: Needed a single revision
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify @{u} 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message with misspelt branch' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	error: No such branch: ${sq}no-such-branch${sq}
+	fatal: Needed a single revision
+	EOF
+	error_message no-such-branch@{u} 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '@{u} error message when not on a branch' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	error: HEAD does not point to a branch
+	fatal: Needed a single revision
+	EOF
+	git checkout HEAD^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify @{u} 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'branch@{u} error message if upstream branch not fetched' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	error: Upstream branch ${sq}refs/heads/side${sq} not stored as a remote-tracking branch
+	fatal: Needed a single revision
+	EOF
+	error_message bad-upstream@{u} 2>actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull works when tracking a local branch' '
+(
+	cd clone &&
+	git checkout local-master &&
+	git pull
+)
+'
+
+# makes sense if the previous one succeeded
+test_expect_success '@{u} works when tracking a local branch' '
+	test refs/heads/master = "$(full_name @{u})"
+'
+
 cat >expect <<EOF
 commit 8f489d01d0cc65c3b0f09504ec50b5ed02a70bd5
 Reflog: master@{0} (C O Mitter <committer@example.com>)
diff --git a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
index ec50a9a..80aedfc 100755
--- a/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
+++ b/t/t1510-repo-setup.sh
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@
 	# like case #6.
 
 	setup_repo 22a "$here/22a/.git" "" unset &&
-	setup_repo 22ab . "" unset
+	setup_repo 22ab . "" unset &&
 	mkdir -p 22a/.git/sub 22a/sub &&
 	mkdir -p 22ab/.git/sub 22ab/sub &&
 	try_case 22a/.git unset . \
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@
 # Case #29: GIT_WORK_TREE(+core.worktree) overrides core.bare (gitfile case).
 test_expect_success '#29: setup' '
 	setup_repo 29 non-existent gitfile true &&
-	mkdir -p 29/sub/sub 29/wt/sub
+	mkdir -p 29/sub/sub 29/wt/sub &&
 	(
 		cd 29 &&
 		GIT_WORK_TREE="$here/29" &&
diff --git a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
index e043cb7..eaefc77 100755
--- a/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
+++ b/t/t1511-rev-parse-caret.sh
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	echo blob >a-blob &&
-	git tag -a -m blob blob-tag `git hash-object -w a-blob`
+	git tag -a -m blob blob-tag `git hash-object -w a-blob` &&
 	mkdir a-tree &&
 	echo moreblobs >a-tree/another-blob &&
 	git add . &&
diff --git a/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh b/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6b3d797
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t1512-rev-parse-disambiguation.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='object name disambiguation
+
+Create blobs, trees, commits and a tag that all share the same
+prefix, and make sure "git rev-parse" can take advantage of
+type information to disambiguate short object names that are
+not necessarily unique.
+
+The final history used in the test has five commits, with the bottom
+one tagged as v1.0.0.  They all have one regular file each.
+
+  +-------------------------------------------+
+  |                                           |
+  |           .-------b3wettvi---- ad2uee     |
+  |          /                   /            |
+  |  a2onsxbvj---czy8f73t--ioiley5o           |
+  |                                           |
+  +-------------------------------------------+
+
+'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'blob and tree' '
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		for i in 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
+		do
+			echo $i
+		done
+		echo
+		echo b1rwzyc3
+	) >a0blgqsjc &&
+
+	# create one blob 0000000000b36
+	git add a0blgqsjc &&
+
+	# create one tree 0000000000cdc
+	git write-tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'warn ambiguity when no candidate matches type hint' '
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify 000000000^{commit} 2>actual &&
+	grep "short SHA1 000000000 is ambiguous" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate tree-ish' '
+	# feed tree-ish in an unambiguous way
+	git rev-parse --verify 0000000000cdc:a0blgqsjc &&
+
+	# ambiguous at the object name level, but there is only one
+	# such tree-ish (the other is a blob)
+	git rev-parse --verify 000000000:a0blgqsjc
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate blob' '
+	sed -e "s/|$//" >patch <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
+	index 000000000..ffffff 100644
+	--- a/frotz
+	+++ b/frotz
+	@@ -10,3 +10,4 @@
+	 9
+	 |
+	 b1rwzyc3
+	+irwry
+	EOF
+	(
+		GIT_INDEX_FILE=frotz &&
+		export GIT_INDEX_FILE &&
+		git apply --build-fake-ancestor frotz patch &&
+		git cat-file blob :frotz >actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp a0blgqsjc actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate tree' '
+	commit=$(echo "d7xm" | git commit-tree 000000000) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse $commit^{tree}) = $(git rev-parse 0000000000cdc)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'first commit' '
+	# create one commit 0000000000e4f
+	git commit -m a2onsxbvj
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate commit-ish' '
+	# feed commit-ish in an unambiguous way
+	git rev-parse --verify 0000000000e4f^{commit} &&
+
+	# ambiguous at the object name level, but there is only one
+	# such commit (the others are tree and blob)
+	git rev-parse --verify 000000000^{commit} &&
+
+	# likewise
+	git rev-parse --verify 000000000^0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate commit' '
+	commit=$(echo "hoaxj" | git commit-tree 0000000000cdc -p 000000000) &&
+	test $(git rev-parse $commit^) = $(git rev-parse 0000000000e4f)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log name1..name2 takes only commit-ishes on both ends' '
+	git log 000000000..000000000 &&
+	git log ..000000000 &&
+	git log 000000000.. &&
+	git log 000000000...000000000 &&
+	git log ...000000000 &&
+	git log 000000000...
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse name1..name2 takes only commit-ishes on both ends' '
+	git rev-parse 000000000..000000000 &&
+	git rev-parse ..000000000 &&
+	git rev-parse 000000000..
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git log takes only commit-ish' '
+	git log 000000000
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset takes only commit-ish' '
+	git reset 000000000
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'first tag' '
+	# create one tag 0000000000f8f
+	git tag -a -m j7cp83um v1.0.0
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'two semi-ambiguous commit-ish' '
+	# Once the parser becomes ultra-smart, it could notice that
+	# 110282 before ^{commit} name many different objects, but
+	# that only two (HEAD and v1.0.0 tag) can be peeled to commit,
+	# and that peeling them down to commit yield the same commit
+	# without ambiguity.
+	git rev-parse --verify 110282^{commit} &&
+
+	# likewise
+	git log 000000000..000000000 &&
+	git log ..000000000 &&
+	git log 000000000.. &&
+	git log 000000000...000000000 &&
+	git log ...000000000 &&
+	git log 000000000...
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'three semi-ambiguous tree-ish' '
+	# Likewise for tree-ish.  HEAD, v1.0.0 and HEAD^{tree} share
+	# the prefix but peeling them to tree yields the same thing
+	git rev-parse --verify 000000000^{tree}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'parse describe name' '
+	# feed an unambiguous describe name
+	git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-0-g0000000000e4f &&
+
+	# ambiguous at the object name level, but there is only one
+	# such commit (others are blob, tree and tag)
+	git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-0-g000000000
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'more history' '
+	# commit 0000000000043
+	git mv a0blgqsjc d12cr3h8t &&
+	echo h62xsjeu >>d12cr3h8t &&
+	git add d12cr3h8t &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m czy8f73t &&
+
+	# commit 00000000008ec
+	git mv d12cr3h8t j000jmpzn &&
+	echo j08bekfvt >>j000jmpzn &&
+	git add j000jmpzn &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m ioiley5o &&
+
+	# commit 0000000005b0
+	git checkout v1.0.0^0 &&
+	git mv a0blgqsjc f5518nwu &&
+
+	for i in h62xsjeu j08bekfvt kg7xflhm
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >>f5518nwu &&
+	git add f5518nwu &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m b3wettvi &&
+	side=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+
+	# commit 000000000066
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	# If you use recursive, merge will fail and you will need to
+	# clean up a0blgqsjc as well.  If you use resolve, merge will
+	# succeed.
+	test_might_fail git merge --no-commit -s recursive $side &&
+	git rm -f f5518nwu j000jmpzn &&
+
+	test_might_fail git rm -f a0blgqsjc &&
+	(
+		git cat-file blob $side:f5518nwu
+		echo j3l0i9s6
+	) >ab2gs879 &&
+	git add ab2gs879 &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m ad2uee
+
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'parse describe name taking advantage of generation' '
+	# ambiguous at the object name level, but there is only one
+	# such commit at generation 0
+	git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-0-g000000000 &&
+
+	# likewise for generation 2 and 4
+	git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-2-g000000000 &&
+	git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-4-g000000000
+'
+
+# Note: because rev-parse does not even try to disambiguate based on
+# the generation number, this test currently succeeds for a wrong
+# reason.  When it learns to use the generation number, the previous
+# test should succeed, and also this test should fail because the
+# describe name used in the test with generation number can name two
+# commits.  Make sure that such a future enhancement does not randomly
+# pick one.
+test_expect_success 'parse describe name not ignoring ambiguity' '
+	# ambiguous at the object name level, and there are two such
+	# commits at generation 1
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify v1.0.0-1-g000000000
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ambiguous commit-ish' '
+	# Now there are many commits that begin with the
+	# common prefix, none of these should pick one at
+	# random.  They all should result in ambiguity errors.
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify 110282^{commit} &&
+
+	# likewise
+	test_must_fail git log 000000000..000000000 &&
+	test_must_fail git log ..000000000 &&
+	test_must_fail git log 000000000.. &&
+	test_must_fail git log 000000000...000000000 &&
+	test_must_fail git log ...000000000 &&
+	test_must_fail git log 000000000...
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rev-parse --disambiguate' '
+	# The test creates 16 objects that share the prefix and two
+	# commits created by commit-tree in earlier tests share a
+	# different prefix.
+	git rev-parse --disambiguate=000000000 >actual &&
+	test $(wc -l <actual) = 16 &&
+	test "$(sed -e "s/^\(.........\).*/\1/" actual | sort -u)" = 000000000
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
index 36cca14..0f4b289 100755
--- a/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
+++ b/t/t2004-checkout-cache-temp.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 git read-tree $t1 &&
 git checkout-index --temp -- path1 >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+test_line_count = 1 out &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
 test -f $p &&
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 rm -f path* .merge_* out .git/index &&
 git read-tree $t1 &&
 git checkout-index -a --temp >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 5 &&
+test_line_count = 5 out &&
 for f in path0 path1 path3 path4 asubdir/path5
 do
 	test $(grep $f out | cut "-d	" -f2) = $f &&
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@
 'checkout one stage 2 to temporary file' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index --stage=2 --temp -- path1 >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+test_line_count = 1 out &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
 test -f $p &&
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@
 'checkout all stage 2 to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index --all --stage=2 --temp >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 3 &&
+test_line_count = 3 out &&
 for f in path1 path2 path4
 do
 	test $(grep $f out | cut "-d	" -f2) = $f &&
@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@
 'checkout all stages/one file to nothing' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path0 >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 0'
+test_line_count = 0 out'
 
 test_expect_success \
 'checkout all stages/one file to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path1 >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+test_line_count = 1 out &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path1 &&
 cut "-d	" -f1 out | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
 test -f $s1 &&
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
 'checkout some stages/one file to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index --stage=all --temp -- path2 >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+test_line_count = 1 out &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = path2 &&
 cut "-d	" -f1 out | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
 test $s1 = . &&
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@
 'checkout all stages/all files to temporary files' '
 rm -f path* .merge_* out &&
 git checkout-index -a --stage=all --temp >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 5'
+test_line_count = 5 out'
 
 test_expect_success \
 '-- path0: no entry' '
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
 'checkout --temp within subdir' '
 (cd asubdir &&
  git checkout-index -a --stage=all >out &&
- test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+ test_line_count = 1 out &&
  test $(grep path5 out | cut "-d	" -f2) = path5 &&
  grep path5 out | cut "-d	" -f1 | (read s1 s2 s3 &&
  test -f ../$s1 &&
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@
 rm -f .git/index &&
 git read-tree $t4 &&
 git checkout-index --temp -a >out &&
-test $(wc -l <out) = 1 &&
+test_line_count = 1 out &&
 test $(cut "-d	" -f2 out) = a &&
 p=$(cut "-d	" -f1 out) &&
 test -f $p &&
diff --git a/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh b/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh
index b855983..57cbdfe 100755
--- a/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t2006-checkout-index-basic.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout-index --gobbledegook' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git checkout-index --gobbledegook 2>err &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage" err
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout-index -h in broken repository' '
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 		>.git/index &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git checkout-index -h >usage 2>&1
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
index 70edbb3..06b18f8 100755
--- a/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
+++ b/t/t2013-checkout-submodule.sh
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	git diff-files --quiet &&
 	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
+	git reset HEAD^ submodule &&
 	test_must_fail git diff-files --quiet &&
 	git reset submodule &&
 	git diff-files --quiet
diff --git a/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh b/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh
index c551d39..37bdced 100755
--- a/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh
+++ b/t/t2015-checkout-unborn.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='checkout from unborn branch protects contents'
+test_description='checkout from unborn branch'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -37,4 +37,24 @@
 	git checkout -b new origin
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'checking out another branch from unborn state' '
+	git checkout --orphan newroot &&
+	git checkout -b anothername &&
+	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/heads/newroot &&
+	git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+	echo refs/heads/anothername >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checking out in a newly created repo' '
+	test_create_repo empty &&
+	(
+		cd empty &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD >expect &&
+		test_must_fail git checkout &&
+		git symbolic-ref HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh b/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
index 0e3b858..655f278 100755
--- a/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
+++ b/t/t2017-checkout-orphan.sh
@@ -116,4 +116,10 @@
 	git reset --hard
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cannot --detach on an unborn branch' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout --orphan new &&
+	test_must_fail git checkout --detach
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh b/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
index 75874e8..2741262 100755
--- a/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t2018-checkout-branch.sh
@@ -189,12 +189,13 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'checkout -B to the current branch fails before merging' '
+test_expect_success 'checkout -B to the current branch works' '
 	git checkout branch1 &&
+	git checkout -B branch1-scratch &&
+
 	setup_dirty_mergeable &&
-	git commit -mfooble &&
-	test_must_fail git checkout -B branch1 initial &&
-	test_must_fail test_dirty_mergeable
+	git checkout -B branch1-scratch initial &&
+	test_dirty_mergeable
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
index 068fba4..5d68729 100755
--- a/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
+++ b/t/t2020-checkout-detach.sh
@@ -11,14 +11,13 @@
 	git symbolic-ref -q HEAD >/dev/null
 }
 
-ORPHAN_WARNING='you are leaving .* commit.*behind'
 PREV_HEAD_DESC='Previous HEAD position was'
 check_orphan_warning() {
-	test_i18ngrep "$ORPHAN_WARNING" "$1" &&
+	test_i18ngrep "you are leaving $2 behind" "$1" &&
 	test_i18ngrep ! "$PREV_HEAD_DESC" "$1"
 }
 check_no_orphan_warning() {
-	test_i18ngrep ! "$ORPHAN_WARNING" "$1" &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "you are leaving .* commit.*behind" "$1" &&
 	test_i18ngrep "$PREV_HEAD_DESC" "$1"
 }
 
@@ -110,12 +109,24 @@
 	git checkout --detach two &&
 	echo content >orphan &&
 	git add orphan &&
-	git commit -a -m orphan &&
+	git commit -a -m orphan1 &&
+	echo new content >orphan &&
+	git commit -a -m orphan2 &&
+	orphan2=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
 	git checkout master 2>stderr
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout warns on orphan commits: output' '
-	check_orphan_warning stderr
+	check_orphan_warning stderr "2 commits"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout warns orphaning 1 of 2 commits' '
+	git checkout "$orphan2" &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ 2>stderr
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout warns orphaning 1 of 2 commits: output' '
+	check_orphan_warning stderr "1 commit"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout does not warn leaving ref tip' '
@@ -140,6 +151,7 @@
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 Your branch is behind 'master' by 1 commit, and can be fast-forwarded.
+  (use "git pull" to update your local branch)
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'tracking count is accurate after orphan check' '
 	reset &&
@@ -148,7 +160,7 @@
 	git config branch.child.merge refs/heads/master &&
 	git checkout child^ &&
 	git checkout child >stdout &&
-	test_cmp expect stdout
+	test_i18ncmp expect stdout
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7e18985
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t2023-checkout-m.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='checkout -m -- <conflicted path>
+
+Ensures that checkout -m on a resolved file restores the conflicted file'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	test_commit both.txt both.txt initial &&
+	git branch topic &&
+	test_commit modified_in_master both.txt in_master &&
+	test_commit added_in_master each.txt in_master &&
+	git checkout topic &&
+	test_commit modified_in_topic both.txt in_topic &&
+	test_commit added_in_topic each.txt in_topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git merge master' '
+    test_must_fail git merge master
+'
+
+clean_branchnames () {
+	# Remove branch names after conflict lines
+	sed 's/^\([<>]\{5,\}\) .*$/\1/'
+}
+
+test_expect_success '-m restores 2-way conflicted+resolved file' '
+	cp each.txt each.txt.conflicted &&
+	echo resolved >each.txt &&
+	git add each.txt &&
+	git checkout -m -- each.txt &&
+	clean_branchnames <each.txt >each.txt.cleaned &&
+	clean_branchnames <each.txt.conflicted >each.txt.conflicted.cleaned &&
+	test_cmp each.txt.conflicted.cleaned each.txt.cleaned
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-m restores 3-way conflicted+resolved file' '
+	cp both.txt both.txt.conflicted &&
+	echo resolved >both.txt &&
+	git add both.txt &&
+	git checkout -m -- both.txt &&
+	clean_branchnames <both.txt >both.txt.cleaned &&
+	clean_branchnames <both.txt.conflicted >both.txt.conflicted.cleaned &&
+	test_cmp both.txt.conflicted.cleaned both.txt.cleaned
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh b/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
index cb7effe..f262065 100755
--- a/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
+++ b/t/t2030-unresolve-info.sh
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@
 	prime_resolve_undo &&
 	git update-index --unresolve fi/le &&
 	git ls-files -u >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 3
+	test_line_count = 3 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere and rerere forget' '
diff --git a/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
index 809fafe..a6405d3 100755
--- a/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t2107-update-index-basic.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index --nonsense dumps usage' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git update-index --nonsense 2>err &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" err
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'update-index -h with corrupt index' '
@@ -26,7 +26,26 @@
 		>.git/index &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git update-index -h >usage 2>&1
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git update-index" broken/usage
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cacheinfo does not accept blob null sha1' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git rev-parse :file >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 100644 $_z40 file &&
+	git rev-parse :file >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--cacheinfo does not accept gitlink null sha1' '
+	git init submodule &&
+	(cd submodule && test_commit foo) &&
+	git add submodule &&
+	git rev-parse :submodule >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --cacheinfo 160000 $_z40 submodule &&
+	git rev-parse :submodule >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
index 58a3299..2a4a749 100755
--- a/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
+++ b/t/t2203-add-intent.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 	! grep "$empty" actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cannot commit with i-t-a entry' '
+test_expect_success 'i-t-a entry is simply ignored' '
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -a -m initial &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -41,12 +41,14 @@
 	echo frotz >nitfol &&
 	git add rezrov &&
 	git add -N nitfol &&
-	test_must_fail git commit
+	git commit -m second &&
+	test $(git ls-tree HEAD -- nitfol | wc -l) = 0 &&
+	test $(git diff --name-only HEAD -- nitfol | wc -l) = 1
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'can commit with an unrelated i-t-a entry in index' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-	echo xyzzy >rezrov &&
+	echo bozbar >rezrov &&
 	echo frotz >nitfol &&
 	git add rezrov &&
 	git add -N nitfol &&
@@ -60,5 +62,25 @@
 	git commit -a -m all
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cache-tree invalidates i-t-a paths' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	: >dir/foo &&
+	git add dir/foo &&
+	git commit -m foo &&
+
+	: >dir/bar &&
+	git add -N dir/bar &&
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	echo dir/bar >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git write-tree >/dev/null &&
+
+	git diff --cached --name-only >actual &&
+	echo dir/bar >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
index e9160df..88be904 100755
--- a/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
+++ b/t/t3000-ls-files-others.sh
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd super &&
-		"$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" ../sub sub
+		"$SHELL_PATH" "$TEST_DIRECTORY/../contrib/workdir/git-new-workdir" ../sub sub
 		git ls-files --others --exclude-standard >../actual
 	) &&
 	echo sub/ >expect &&
diff --git a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
index c8fe978..efb7ebc 100755
--- a/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
+++ b/t/t3001-ls-files-others-exclude.sh
@@ -214,4 +214,28 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'pattern matches prefix completely' '
+	: >expect &&
+	git ls-files -i -o --exclude "/three/a.3[abc]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns' '
+	cat <<\EOF >expect &&
+a.1
+one/a.1
+one/two/a.1
+three/a.1
+EOF
+	git ls-files -o -i --exclude "**/a.1" >actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files with "**" patterns and no slashes' '
+	: >expect &&
+	git ls-files -o -i --exclude "one**a.1" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
index 490e052..8d9bc3c 100755
--- a/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t3004-ls-files-basic.sh
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files with nonsense option' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git ls-files --nonsense 2>actual &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-files -h in corrupt repository' '
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 		>.git/index &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git ls-files -h >usage 2>&1
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files " broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git ls-files " broken/usage
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh b/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..202ad65
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3006-ls-files-long.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='overly long paths'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	p=filefilefilefilefilefilefilefile &&
+	p=$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p &&
+	p=$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p$p &&
+
+	path_a=${p}_a &&
+	path_z=${p}_z &&
+
+	blob_a=$(echo frotz | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	blob_z=$(echo nitfol | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+
+	pat="100644 %s 0\t%s\n"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overly-long path by itself is not a problem' '
+	printf "$pat" "$blob_a" "$path_a" |
+	git update-index --add --index-info &&
+	echo "$path_a" >expect &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overly-long path does not replace another by mistake' '
+	printf "$pat" "$blob_a" "$path_a" "$blob_z" "$path_z" |
+	git update-index --add --index-info &&
+	(
+		echo "$path_a"
+		echo "$path_z"
+	) >expect &&
+	git ls-files >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
index 55ef189..a5e3da7 100755
--- a/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
+++ b/t/t3030-merge-recursive.sh
@@ -285,17 +285,7 @@
 	rm -fr [abcd] &&
 	git checkout -f "$c2" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c2" "$c1"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c2" "$c1"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive result' '
@@ -334,17 +324,7 @@
 	rm -fr [abcd] &&
 	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c5"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c5"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive remove conflict' '
@@ -388,17 +368,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c4"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c4"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
@@ -422,17 +392,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -f "$c4" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c4" "$c1"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c4" "$c1"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result the other way' '
@@ -456,17 +416,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -f "$c1" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c6"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c1" "$c6"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
@@ -490,17 +440,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout -f "$c6" &&
 
-	git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c6" "$c1"
-	status=$?
-	case "$status" in
-	1)
-		: happy
-		;;
-	*)
-		echo >&2 "why status $status!!!"
-		false
-		;;
-	esac
+	test_expect_code 1 git merge-recursive "$c0" -- "$c6" "$c1"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge-recursive d/f conflict result' '
diff --git a/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
index f6973e9..0a4ff6d 100755
--- a/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t3040-subprojects-basic.sh
@@ -3,81 +3,81 @@
 test_description='Basic subproject functionality'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'Super project creation' \
-    ': >Makefile &&
-    git add Makefile &&
-    git commit -m "Superproject created"'
+test_expect_success 'setup: create superproject' '
+	: >Makefile &&
+	git add Makefile &&
+	git commit -m "Superproject created"
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'setup: create subprojects' '
+	mkdir sub1 &&
+	( cd sub1 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
+	git commit -q -m "subproject 1" ) &&
+	mkdir sub2 &&
+	( cd sub2 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
+	git commit -q -m "subproject 2" ) &&
+	git update-index --add sub1 &&
+	git add sub2 &&
+	git commit -q -m "subprojects added" &&
+	git diff-tree --abbrev=5 HEAD^ HEAD |cut -d" " -f-3,5- >current &&
+	git branch save HEAD &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	:000000 160000 00000... A	sub1
+	:000000 160000 00000... A	sub2
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
 
-cat >expected <<EOF
-:000000 160000 00000... A	sub1
-:000000 160000 00000... A	sub2
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'create subprojects' \
-    'mkdir sub1 &&
-    ( cd sub1 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
-    git commit -q -m "subproject 1" ) &&
-    mkdir sub2 &&
-    ( cd sub2 && git init && : >Makefile && git add * &&
-    git commit -q -m "subproject 2" ) &&
-    git update-index --add sub1 &&
-    git add sub2 &&
-    git commit -q -m "subprojects added" &&
-    git diff-tree --abbrev=5 HEAD^ HEAD |cut -d" " -f-3,5- >current &&
-    test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'check if fsck ignores the subprojects' '
+	git fsck --full
+'
 
-git branch save HEAD
+test_expect_success 'check if commit in a subproject detected' '
+	( cd sub1 &&
+	echo "all:" >>Makefile &&
+	echo "	true" >>Makefile &&
+	git commit -q -a -m "make all" ) &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-files --exit-code
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if fsck ignores the subprojects' \
-    'git fsck --full'
+test_expect_success 'check if a changed subproject HEAD can be committed' '
+	git commit -q -a -m "sub1 changed" &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if commit in a subproject detected' \
-    '( cd sub1 &&
-    echo "all:" >>Makefile &&
-    echo "	true" >>Makefile &&
-    git commit -q -a -m "make all" ) && {
-        git diff-files --exit-code
-	test $? = 1
-    }'
+test_expect_success 'check if diff-index works for subproject elements' '
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-index --exit-code --cached save -- sub1
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if a changed subproject HEAD can be committed' \
-    'git commit -q -a -m "sub1 changed" && {
-	git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
-	test $? = 1
-    }'
+test_expect_success 'check if diff-tree works for subproject elements' '
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- sub1
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if diff-index works for subproject elements' \
-    'git diff-index --exit-code --cached save -- sub1
-    test $? = 1'
+test_expect_success 'check if git diff works for subproject elements' '
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if diff-tree works for subproject elements' \
-    'git diff-tree --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD -- sub1
-    test $? = 1'
+test_expect_success 'check if clone works' '
+	git ls-files -s >expected &&
+	git clone -l -s . cloned &&
+	( cd cloned && git ls-files -s ) >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'check if git diff works for subproject elements' \
-    'git diff --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
-    test $? = 1'
-
-test_expect_success 'check if clone works' \
-    'git ls-files -s >expected &&
-    git clone -l -s . cloned &&
-    ( cd cloned && git ls-files -s ) >current &&
-    test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success 'removing and adding subproject' \
-    'git update-index --force-remove -- sub2 &&
-    mv sub2 sub3 &&
-    git add sub3 &&
-    git commit -q -m "renaming a subproject" && {
-	git diff -M --name-status --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
-	test $? = 1
-    }'
+test_expect_success 'removing and adding subproject' '
+	git update-index --force-remove -- sub2 &&
+	mv sub2 sub3 &&
+	git add sub3 &&
+	git commit -q -m "renaming a subproject" &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git diff -M --name-status --exit-code HEAD^ HEAD
+'
 
 # the index must contain the object name the HEAD of the
 # subproject sub1 was at the point "save"
-test_expect_success 'checkout in superproject' \
-    'git checkout save &&
-    git diff-index --exit-code --raw --cached save -- sub1'
+test_expect_success 'checkout in superproject' '
+	git checkout save &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code --raw --cached save -- sub1
+'
 
 # just interesting what happened...
 # git diff --name-status -M save master
diff --git a/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4c37057
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3070-wildmatch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,238 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='wildmatch tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+match() {
+    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "wildmatch:    match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    else
+	test_expect_success "wildmatch: no match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch wildmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    fi
+    if [ $2 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "fnmatch:      match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+    elif [ $2 = 0 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "fnmatch:   no match '$3' '$4'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+	"
+#    else
+#	test_expect_success BROKEN_FNMATCH "fnmatch:       '$3' '$4'" "
+#	    ! test-wildmatch fnmatch '$3' '$4'
+#	"
+    fi
+}
+
+pathmatch() {
+    if [ $1 = 1 ]; then
+	test_expect_success "pathmatch:    match '$2' '$3'" "
+	    test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
+	"
+    else
+	test_expect_success "pathmatch: no match '$2' '$3'" "
+	    ! test-wildmatch pathmatch '$2' '$3'
+	"
+    fi
+}
+
+# Basic wildmat features
+match 1 1 foo foo
+match 0 0 foo bar
+match 1 1 '' ""
+match 1 1 foo '???'
+match 0 0 foo '??'
+match 1 1 foo '*'
+match 1 1 foo 'f*'
+match 0 0 foo '*f'
+match 1 1 foo '*foo*'
+match 1 1 foobar '*ob*a*r*'
+match 1 1 aaaaaaabababab '*ab'
+match 1 1 'foo*' 'foo\*'
+match 0 0 foobar 'foo\*bar'
+match 1 1 'f\oo' 'f\\oo'
+match 1 1 ball '*[al]?'
+match 0 0 ten '[ten]'
+match 0 1 ten '**[!te]'
+match 0 0 ten '**[!ten]'
+match 1 1 ten 't[a-g]n'
+match 0 0 ten 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 ton 't[!a-g]n'
+match 1 1 ton 't[^a-g]n'
+match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]]b'
+match 1 x a-b 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 x 'a]b' 'a[]-]b'
+match 0 x aab 'a[]-]b'
+match 1 x aab 'a[]a-]b'
+match 1 1 ']' ']'
+
+# Extended slash-matching features
+match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo*bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo**bar'
+match 0 1 'foobazbar' 'foo**bar'
+match 1 1 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/baz/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/b/a/z/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/bar'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar' 'foo/**/**/bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo?bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'foo[/]bar'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 1 'foo-bar' 'f[^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu][^eiu]r'
+match 1 0 'foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 x 'XXX/foo' '**/foo'
+match 1 0 'bar/baz/foo' '**/foo'
+match 0 0 'bar/baz/foo' '*/foo'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz' '**/bar/*'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar' '**/bar/*'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/' '**/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'foo/bar/baz' '**/bar**'
+match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 0 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '*/bar/**'
+match 1 0 'deep/foo/bar/baz/x' '**/bar/*/*'
+
+# Various additional tests
+match 0 0 'acrt' 'a[c-c]st'
+match 1 1 'acrt' 'a[c-c]rt'
+match 0 0 ']' '[!]-]'
+match 1 x 'a' '[!]-]'
+match 0 0 '' '\'
+match 0 x '\' '\'
+match 0 x 'XXX/\' '*/\'
+match 1 x 'XXX/\' '*/\\'
+match 1 1 'foo' 'foo'
+match 1 1 '@foo' '@foo'
+match 0 0 'foo' '@foo'
+match 1 1 '[ab]' '\[ab]'
+match 1 1 '[ab]' '[[]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:]ab]'
+match 0 x '[ab]' '[[::]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[[:digit]ab]'
+match 1 x '[ab]' '[\[:]ab]'
+match 1 1 '?a?b' '\??\?b'
+match 1 1 'abc' '\a\b\c'
+match 0 0 'foo' ''
+match 1 0 'foo/bar/baz/to' '**/t[o]'
+
+# Character class tests
+match 1 x 'a1B' '[[:alpha:]][[:digit:]][[:upper:]]'
+match 0 x 'a' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x 'A' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 x '1' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:spaci:]]'
+match 1 x ' ' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 0 x '.' '[[:digit:][:upper:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '.' '[[:digit:][:punct:][:space:]]'
+match 1 x '5' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x 'f' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x 'D' '[[:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '_' '[[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:graph:][:lower:][:print:][:punct:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '.' '[^[:alnum:][:alpha:][:blank:][:cntrl:][:digit:][:lower:][:space:][:upper:][:xdigit:]]'
+match 1 x '5' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 x 'b' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 1 x 'y' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+match 0 x 'q' '[a-c[:digit:]x-z]'
+
+# Additional tests, including some malformed wildmats
+match 1 x ']' '[\\-^]'
+match 0 0 '[' '[\\-^]'
+match 1 x '-' '[\-_]'
+match 1 x ']' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 '\]' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[\]]'
+match 0 0 'ab' 'a[]b'
+match 0 x 'a[]b' 'a[]b'
+match 0 x 'ab[' 'ab['
+match 0 0 'ab' '[!'
+match 0 0 'ab' '[-'
+match 1 1 '-' '[-]'
+match 0 0 '-' '[a-'
+match 0 0 '-' '[!a-'
+match 1 x '-' '[--A]'
+match 1 x '5' '[--A]'
+match 1 1 ' ' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 '$' '[ --]'
+match 1 1 '-' '[ --]'
+match 0 0 '0' '[ --]'
+match 1 x '-' '[---]'
+match 1 x '-' '[------]'
+match 0 0 'j' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 x '-' '[a-e-n]'
+match 1 x 'a' '[!------]'
+match 0 0 '[' '[]-a]'
+match 1 x '^' '[]-a]'
+match 0 0 '^' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 x '[' '[!]-a]'
+match 1 1 '^' '[a^bc]'
+match 1 x '-b]' '[a-]b]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[\]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[\\]'
+match 0 0 '\' '[!\\]'
+match 1 1 'G' '[A-\\]'
+match 0 0 'aaabbb' 'b*a'
+match 0 0 'aabcaa' '*ba*'
+match 1 1 ',' '[,]'
+match 1 1 ',' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[\\,]'
+match 1 1 '-' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 '+' '[,-.]'
+match 0 0 '-.]' '[,-.]'
+match 1 1 '2' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 '3' '[\1-\3]'
+match 0 0 '4' '[\1-\3]'
+match 1 1 '\' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 '[' '[[-\]]'
+match 1 1 ']' '[[-\]]'
+match 0 0 '-' '[[-\]]'
+
+# Test recursion and the abort code (use "wildtest -i" to see iteration counts)
+match 1 1 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-m-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-X-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 0 0 '-adobe-courier-bold-o-normal--12-120-75-75-/-70-iso8859-1' '-*-*-*-*-*-*-12-*-*-*-m-*-*-*'
+match 1 1 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/m/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 0 0 'XXX/adobe/courier/bold/o/normal//12/120/75/75/X/70/iso8859/1' 'XXX/*/*/*/*/*/*/12/*/*/*/m/*/*/*'
+match 1 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txt' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 0 'abcd/abcdefg/abcdefghijk/abcdefghijklmnop.txtz' '**/*a*b*g*n*t'
+match 0 x foo '*/*/*'
+match 0 x foo/bar '*/*/*'
+match 1 x foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
+match 0 x foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
+match 1 x foo/bb/aa/rr '**/**/**'
+match 1 x abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
+match 0 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*X*i'
+match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
+match 1 x ab/cXd/efXg/hi '**/*X*/**/*i'
+
+pathmatch 1 foo foo
+pathmatch 0 foo fo
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar foo/bar
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo**'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*arr'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**arr'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/*z'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bba/arr 'foo/**z'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo?bar'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bar 'foo[/]bar'
+pathmatch 0 foo '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 0 foo/bar '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bba/arr '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 foo/bb/aa/rr '*/*/*'
+pathmatch 1 abcXdefXghi '*X*i'
+pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*/*X*/*/*i'
+pathmatch 1 ab/cXd/efXg/hi '*Xg*i'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t3200-branch.sh b/t/t3200-branch.sh
index 2f5eada..80e6be3 100755
--- a/t/t3200-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t3200-branch.sh
@@ -3,11 +3,8 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2005 Amos Waterland
 #
 
-test_description='git branch --foo should not create bogus branch
+test_description='git branch assorted tests'
 
-This test runs git branch --help and checks that the argument is properly
-handled.  Specifically, that a bogus branch is not created.
-'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -22,7 +19,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch --help should not have created a bogus branch' '
-     git branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null;
+     test_might_fail git branch --help </dev/null >/dev/null 2>/dev/null &&
      test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/--help
 '
 
@@ -34,7 +31,7 @@
 		>.git/refs/heads/master &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git branch -h >usage 2>&1
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -75,6 +72,11 @@
         git branch l'
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'git branch -m dumps usage' \
+       'test_expect_code 129 git branch -m 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git branch" err'
+
+test_expect_success \
     'git branch -m m m/m should work' \
        'git branch -l m &&
         git branch -m m m/m &&
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'git branch -m n/n n should work' \
        'git branch -l n/n &&
-        git branch -m n/n n
+	git branch -m n/n n &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/logs/refs/heads/n'
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m o/o o should fail when o/p exists' '
@@ -110,6 +112,22 @@
 	git branch -M baz bam
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M master should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -M master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M master master should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch -M master master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -M master2 master2 should work when master is checked out' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch master2 &&
+	git branch -M master2 master2
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git branch -v -d t should work' '
 	git branch t &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/t &&
@@ -142,6 +160,83 @@
 	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/t
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git branch --column' '
+	COLUMNS=81 git branch --column=column >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+  a/b/c     bam       foo       l       * master    n         o/p       r
+  abc       bar       j/k       m/m       master2   o/o       q
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --column with an extremely long branch name' '
+	long=this/is/a/part/of/long/branch/name &&
+	long=z$long/$long/$long/$long &&
+	test_when_finished "git branch -d $long" &&
+	git branch $long &&
+	COLUMNS=80 git branch --column=column >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<EOF &&
+  a/b/c
+  abc
+  bam
+  bar
+  foo
+  j/k
+  l
+  m/m
+* master
+  master2
+  n
+  o/o
+  o/p
+  q
+  r
+  $long
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch with column.*' '
+	git config column.ui column &&
+	git config column.branch "dense" &&
+	COLUMNS=80 git branch >actual &&
+	git config --unset column.branch &&
+	git config --unset column.ui &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+  a/b/c   bam   foo   l   * master    n     o/p   r
+  abc     bar   j/k   m/m   master2   o/o   q
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch --column -v should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --column -v
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git branch -v with column.ui ignored' '
+	git config column.ui column &&
+	COLUMNS=80 git branch -v | cut -c -10 | sed "s/ *$//" >actual &&
+	git config --unset column.ui &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+  a/b/c
+  abc
+  bam
+  bar
+  foo
+  j/k
+  l
+  m/m
+* master
+  master2
+  n
+  o/o
+  o/p
+  q
+  r
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 mv .git/config .git/config-saved
 
 test_expect_success 'git branch -m q q2 without config should succeed' '
@@ -167,6 +262,25 @@
 	"test $(git config branch.s.dummy) = Hello &&
 	 test_must_fail git config branch.s/s/dummy"
 
+test_expect_success 'deleting a symref' '
+	git branch target &&
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/symref refs/heads/target &&
+	echo "Deleted branch symref (was refs/heads/target)." >expect &&
+	git branch -d symref >actual &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/target &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/symref &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deleting a dangling symref' '
+	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/dangling-symref nowhere &&
+	test_path_is_file .git/refs/heads/dangling-symref &&
+	echo "Deleted branch dangling-symref (was nowhere)." >expect &&
+	git branch -d dangling-symref >actual &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/refs/heads/dangling-symref &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'renaming a symref is not allowed' \
 '
 	git symbolic-ref refs/heads/master2 refs/heads/master &&
@@ -274,6 +388,76 @@
     'git tag foobar &&
      test_must_fail git branch --track my11 foobar'
 
+test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify HEAD' \
+    'test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
+     test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
+     git branch my12
+     git branch --set-upstream-to my12 &&
+     test "$(git config branch.master.remote)" = "." &&
+     test "$(git config branch.master.merge)" = "refs/heads/my12"'
+
+test_expect_success 'use --set-upstream-to modify a particular branch' \
+    'git branch my13
+     git branch --set-upstream-to master my13 &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my13.remote)" = "." &&
+     test "$(git config branch.my13.merge)" = "refs/heads/master"'
+
+test_expect_success '--unset-upstream should fail if given a non-existent branch' \
+    'test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream i-dont-exist'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on HEAD' \
+    'git branch my14
+     test_config branch.master.remote foo &&
+     test_config branch.master.merge foo &&
+     git branch --set-upstream-to my14 &&
+     git branch --unset-upstream &&
+     test_must_fail git config branch.master.remote &&
+     test_must_fail git config branch.master.merge &&
+     # fail for a branch without upstream set
+     test_must_fail git branch --unset-upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --unset-upstream on a particular branch' \
+    'git branch my15
+     git branch --set-upstream-to master my14 &&
+     git branch --unset-upstream my14 &&
+     test_must_fail git config branch.my14.remote &&
+     test_must_fail git config branch.my14.merge'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream shows message when creating a new branch that exists as remote-tracking' \
+    'git update-ref refs/remotes/origin/master HEAD &&
+     git branch --set-upstream origin/master 2>actual &&
+     test_when_finished git update-ref -d refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+     test_when_finished git branch -d origin/master &&
+     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
+
+If you wanted to make '"'master'"' track '"'origin/master'"', do this:
+
+    git branch -d origin/master
+    git branch --set-upstream-to origin/master
+EOF
+     test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream with two args only shows the deprecation message' \
+    'git branch --set-upstream master my13 2>actual &&
+     test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream master &&
+     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
+EOF
+     test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--set-upstream with one arg only shows the deprecation message if the branch existed' \
+    'git branch --set-upstream my13 2>actual &&
+     test_when_finished git branch --unset-upstream my13 &&
+     cat >expected <<EOF &&
+The --set-upstream flag is deprecated and will be removed. Consider using --track or --set-upstream-to
+EOF
+     test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 # Keep this test last, as it changes the current branch
 cat >expect <<EOF
 $_z40 $HEAD $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> 1117150200 +0000	branch: Created from master
@@ -599,4 +783,44 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'use --edit-description' '
+	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		echo "New contents" >"$1"
+	EOF
+	EDITOR=./editor git branch --edit-description &&
+		write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		git stripspace -s <"$1" >"EDITOR_OUTPUT"
+	EOF
+	EDITOR=./editor git branch --edit-description &&
+	echo "New contents" >expect &&
+	test_cmp EDITOR_OUTPUT expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'detect typo in branch name when using --edit-description' '
+	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		echo "New contents" >"$1"
+	EOF
+	(
+		EDITOR=./editor &&
+		export EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git branch --edit-description no-such-branch
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'refuse --edit-description on unborn branch for now' '
+	write_script editor <<-\EOF &&
+		echo "New contents" >"$1"
+	EOF
+	git checkout --orphan unborn &&
+	(
+		EDITOR=./editor &&
+		export EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git branch --edit-description
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--merged catches invalid object names' '
+	test_must_fail git branch --merged 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
index 5e29a05..7480d6e 100755
--- a/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
+++ b/t/t3300-funny-names.sh
@@ -11,188 +11,206 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+HT='	'
+
+echo 2>/dev/null > "Name with an${HT}HT"
+if ! test -f "Name with an${HT}HT"
+then
+	# since FAT/NTFS does not allow tabs in filenames, skip this test
+	skip_all='Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
+	test_done
+fi
+
 p0='no-funny'
 p1='tabs	," (dq) and spaces'
 p2='just space'
 
-cat >"$p0" <<\EOF
-1. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
-2. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
-3. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	cat >"$p0" <<-\EOF &&
+	1. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
+	2. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
+	3. A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy cat, oops dog.
+	EOF
 
-cat 2>/dev/null >"$p1" "$p0"
-echo 'Foo Bar Baz' >"$p2"
+	{ cat "$p0" >"$p1" || :; } &&
+	{ echo "Foo Bar Baz" >"$p2" || :; }
+'
 
-if test -f "$p1" && cmp "$p0" "$p1"
-then
-    test_set_prereq TABS_IN_FILENAMES
-else
-	# since FAT/NTFS does not allow tabs in filenames, skip this test
-	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
-fi
+test_expect_success 'setup: populate index and tree' '
+	git update-index --add "$p0" "$p2" &&
+	t0=$(git write-tree)
+'
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' "
-echo 'just space
-no-funny' >expected
-"
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git ls-files no-funny' \
-	'git update-index --add "$p0" "$p2" &&
+test_expect_success 'ls-files prints space in filename verbatim' '
+	printf "%s\n" "just space" no-funny >expected &&
 	git ls-files >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-t0=`git write-tree` &&
-echo "$t0" >t0 &&
-
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-just space
-no-funny
-"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git ls-files with-funny' \
-	'git update-index --add "$p1" &&
+test_expect_success 'setup: add funny filename' '
+	git update-index --add "$p1" &&
+	t1=$(git write-tree)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ls-files quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	just space
+	no-funny
+	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
 	git ls-files >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' "
-echo 'just space
-no-funny
-tabs	,\" (dq) and spaces' >expected
-"
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git ls-files -z with-funny' \
-	'git ls-files -z | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-t1=`git write-tree` &&
-echo "$t1" >t1 &&
-
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-just space
-no-funny
-"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git ls-tree with funny' \
-	'git ls-tree -r $t1 | sed -e "s/^[^	]*	//" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-A	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'ls-files -z does not quote funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	just space
+	no-funny
+	tabs	," (dq) and spaces
+	EOF
+	git ls-files -z >ls-files.z &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/\000/\012/" <ls-files.z >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-index with-funny' \
-	'git diff-index --name-status $t0 >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree with-funny' \
-	'git diff-tree --name-status $t0 $t1 >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' "
-echo 'A
-tabs	,\" (dq) and spaces' >expected
-"
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-index -z with-funny' \
-	'git diff-index -z --name-status $t0 | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree -z with-funny' \
-	'git diff-tree -z --name-status $t0 $t1 | perl -pe y/\\000/\\012/ >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-CNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'ls-tree quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	just space
+	no-funny
+	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git ls-tree -r $t1 >ls-tree &&
+	sed -e "s/^[^	]*	//" <ls-tree >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree -C with-funny' \
-	'git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder --name-status \
-		$t0 $t1 | sed -e 's/^C[0-9]*/CNUM/' >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-RNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff-index --name-status quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	A	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index --name-status $t0 >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git update-index --force-remove "$p0" &&
-	git diff-index -M --name-status \
-		$t0 | sed -e 's/^R[0-9]*/RNUM/' >current &&
-	test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-diff --git a/no-funny "b/tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-similarity index NUM%
-rename from no-funny
-rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree --name-status quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	A	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree --name-status $t0 $t1 >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
-	 sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-chmod +x "$p1" &&
-cat > expected <<\EOF
-diff --git a/no-funny "b/tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-old mode 100644
-new mode 100755
-similarity index NUM%
-rename from no-funny
-rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff-index -z does not quote funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	A
+	tabs	," (dq) and spaces
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -z --name-status $t0 >diff-index.z &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/\000/\012/" <diff-index.z >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree delete with-funny' \
-	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
-	 sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat >expected <<\EOF
- "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
- 1 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -z does not quote funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	A
+	tabs	," (dq) and spaces
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -z --name-status $t0 $t1 >diff-tree.z &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe y/\\000/\\012/ <diff-tree.z >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree rename with-funny applied' \
-	'git diff-index -M -p $t0 |
-	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
-
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expect' '
-cat > expected <<\EOF
- no-funny
- "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
- 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree --find-copies-harder quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	CNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-tree -C --find-copies-harder --name-status $t0 $t1 >out &&
+	sed -e "s/^C[0-9]*/CNUM/" <out >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff-tree delete with-funny applied' \
-	'git diff-index -p $t0 |
-	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'setup: remove unfunny index entry' '
+	git update-index --force-remove "$p0"
+'
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git apply non-git diff' \
-	'git diff-index -p $t0 |
-	 sed -ne "/^[-+@]/p" |
-	 git apply --stat | sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree -M quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	RNUM	no-funny	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -M --name-status $t0 >out &&
+	sed -e "s/^R[0-9]*/RNUM/" <out >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index -M -p quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/no-funny "b/tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	similarity index NUM%
+	rename from no-funny
+	rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -M -p $t0 >diff &&
+	sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup: mode change' '
+	chmod +x "$p1"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-index -M -p with mode change quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/no-funny "b/tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	old mode 100644
+	new mode 100755
+	similarity index NUM%
+	rename from no-funny
+	rename to "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -M -p $t0 >diff &&
+	sed -e "s/index [0-9]*%/index NUM%/" <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diffstat for rename quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	 "tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -M -p $t0 >diff &&
+	git apply --stat <diff >diffstat &&
+	sed -e "s/|.*//" -e "s/ *\$//" <diffstat >current &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'numstat for rename quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	0	0	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -M -p $t0 >diff &&
+	git apply --numstat <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'numstat without -M quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	0	3	no-funny
+	3	0	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -p $t0 >diff &&
+	git apply --numstat <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'numstat for non-git rename diff quotes funny filename' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	0	3	no-funny
+	3	0	"tabs\t,\" (dq) and spaces"
+	EOF
+	git diff-index -p $t0 >git-diff &&
+	sed -ne "/^[-+@]/p" <git-diff >diff &&
+	git apply --numstat <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expected current
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
index 4ec4d11..195bb97 100755
--- a/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
+++ b/t/t3310-notes-merge-manual-resolve.sh
@@ -324,7 +324,7 @@
 EOF
 	git notes merge --commit &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
-	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
 	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
 	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
@@ -386,10 +386,10 @@
 test_expect_success 'abort notes merge' '
 	git notes merge --abort &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
-	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
 	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
 	# m has not moved (still == y)
-	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)"
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
 	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
 	verify_notes w &&
 	verify_notes x &&
@@ -453,7 +453,7 @@
 	# Finalize merge
 	git notes merge --commit &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
-	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
 	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
 	# Merge commit has pre-merge y and pre-merge z as parents
 	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m^1)" = "$(cat pre_merge_y)" &&
@@ -525,9 +525,9 @@
 	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha3 &&
 	test -f .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE/$commit_sha4 &&
 	# Refs are unchanged
-	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
-	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" = "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)"
-	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" != "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)"
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/y)" = "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" != "$(git rev-parse NOTES_MERGE_PARTIAL^1)" &&
 	# Mention refs/notes/m, and its current and expected value in output
 	grep -q "refs/notes/m" output &&
 	grep -q "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" output &&
@@ -542,10 +542,10 @@
 test_expect_success 'resolve situation by aborting the notes merge' '
 	git notes merge --abort &&
 	# No .git/NOTES_MERGE_* files left
-	test_must_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
+	test_might_fail ls .git/NOTES_MERGE_* >output 2>/dev/null &&
 	test_cmp /dev/null output &&
 	# m has not moved (still == w)
-	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)"
+	test "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/m)" = "$(git rev-parse refs/notes/w)" &&
 	# Verify that other notes refs has not changed (w, x, y and z)
 	verify_notes w &&
 	verify_notes x &&
@@ -553,4 +553,23 @@
 	verify_notes z
 '
 
+cat >expect_notes <<EOF
+foo
+bar
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'switch cwd before committing notes merge' '
+	git notes add -m foo HEAD &&
+	git notes --ref=other add -m bar HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git notes merge refs/notes/other &&
+	(
+		cd .git/NOTES_MERGE_WORKTREE &&
+		echo "foo" > $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		echo "bar" >> $(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+		git notes merge --commit
+	) &&
+	git notes show HEAD > actual_notes &&
+	test_cmp expect_notes actual_notes
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3400-rebase.sh b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
index 6eaecec..1de0ebd 100755
--- a/t/t3400-rebase.sh
+++ b/t/t3400-rebase.sh
@@ -68,24 +68,24 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice' '
 	git rebase master >out &&
-	grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+	test_i18ngrep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice with --force' '
 	git rebase --force-rebase master >out &&
-	grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date, rebase forced" out
+	test_i18ngrep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date, rebase forced" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase against master twice from another branch' '
 	git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
 	git rebase master my-topic-branch >out &&
-	grep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
+	test_i18ngrep "Current branch my-topic-branch is up to date" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase fast-forward to master' '
 	git checkout my-topic-branch^ &&
 	git rebase my-topic-branch >out &&
-	grep "Fast-forwarded HEAD to my-topic-branch" out
+	test_i18ngrep "Fast-forwarded HEAD to my-topic-branch" out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'the rebase operation should not have destroyed author information' '
@@ -160,20 +160,18 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'fail when upstream arg is missing and not on branch' '
 	git checkout topic &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase >output.out &&
-	grep "You are not currently on a branch" output.out
+	test_must_fail git rebase
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail when upstream arg is missing and not configured' '
 	git checkout -b no-config topic &&
-	test_must_fail git rebase >output.out &&
-	grep "branch.no-config.merge" output.out
+	test_must_fail git rebase
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'default to @{upstream} when upstream arg is missing' '
 	git checkout -b default topic &&
-	git config branch.default.remote .
-	git config branch.default.merge refs/heads/master
+	git config branch.default.remote . &&
+	git config branch.default.merge refs/heads/master &&
 	git rebase &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse default~1)" = "$(git rev-parse master)"
 '
@@ -218,4 +216,27 @@
 	test "a note" = "$(git notes show HEAD)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase commit with an ancient timestamp' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	>old.one && git add old.one && test_tick &&
+	git commit --date="@12345 +0400" -m "Old one" &&
+	>old.two && git add old.two && test_tick &&
+	git commit --date="@23456 +0500" -m "Old two" &&
+	>old.three && git add old.three && test_tick &&
+	git commit --date="@34567 +0600" -m "Old three" &&
+
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^^ >actual &&
+	grep "author .* 12345 +0400$" actual &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ >actual &&
+	grep "author .* 23456 +0500$" actual &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >actual &&
+	grep "author .* 34567 +0600$" actual &&
+
+	git rebase --onto HEAD^^ HEAD^ &&
+
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >actual &&
+	grep "author .* 34567 +0600$" actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh b/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
index aea6685..58f4823 100755
--- a/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
+++ b/t/t3401-rebase-partial.sh
@@ -11,51 +11,59 @@
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'prepare repository with topic branch' \
-    'echo First > A &&
-     git update-index --add A &&
-     git commit -m "Add A." &&
-
-     git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
-
-     echo Second > B &&
-     git update-index --add B &&
-     git commit -m "Add B." &&
-
-     echo AnotherSecond > C &&
-     git update-index --add C &&
-     git commit -m "Add C." &&
-
-     git checkout -f master &&
-
-     echo Third >> A &&
-     git update-index A &&
-     git commit -m "Modify A."
+test_expect_success 'prepare repository with topic branch' '
+	test_commit A &&
+	git checkout -b my-topic-branch &&
+	test_commit B &&
+	test_commit C &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	test_commit A2 A.t
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'pick top patch from topic branch into master' \
-    'git cherry-pick my-topic-branch^0 &&
-     git checkout -f my-topic-branch &&
-     git branch master-merge master &&
-     git branch my-topic-branch-merge my-topic-branch
+test_expect_success 'pick top patch from topic branch into master' '
+	git cherry-pick C &&
+	git checkout -f my-topic-branch
 '
 
-test_debug \
-    'git cherry master &&
-     git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index master >/dev/null &&
-     gitk --all & sleep 1
+test_debug '
+	git cherry master &&
+	git format-patch -k --stdout --full-index master >/dev/null &&
+	gitk --all & sleep 1
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'rebase topic branch against new master and check git am did not get halted' \
-    'git rebase master && test ! -d .git/rebase-apply'
+test_expect_success 'rebase topic branch against new master and check git am did not get halted' '
+	git rebase master &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-apply
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'rebase --merge topic branch that was partially merged upstream' \
-	'git checkout -f my-topic-branch-merge &&
-	 git rebase --merge master-merge &&
-	 test ! -d .git/rebase-merge'
+test_expect_success 'rebase --merge topic branch that was partially merged upstream' '
+	git reset --hard C &&
+	git rebase --merge master &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/rebase-merge
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase ignores empty commit' '
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m empty &&
+	test_commit D &&
+	git rebase C &&
+	test "$(git log --format=%s C..)" = "D"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --keep-empty' '
+	git reset --hard D &&
+	git rebase --keep-empty C &&
+	test "$(git log --format=%s C..)" = "D
+empty"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --keep-empty keeps empty even if already in upstream' '
+	git reset --hard A &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m also-empty &&
+	git rebase --keep-empty D &&
+	test "$(git log --format=%s A..)" = "also-empty
+D
+empty"
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
index b981572..8462be1 100755
--- a/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3404-rebase-interactive.sh
@@ -29,12 +29,6 @@
 
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
 
-test_cmp_rev () {
-	git rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect.rev &&
-	git rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual.rev &&
-	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
-}
-
 set_fake_editor
 
 # WARNING: Modifications to the initial repository can change the SHA ID used
@@ -118,6 +112,17 @@
 	git rebase --continue
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i with exec of inexistent command' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	(
+	FAKE_LINES="exec_this-command-does-not-exist 1" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i HEAD^ >actual 2>&1
+	) &&
+	! grep "Maybe git-rebase is broken" actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'no changes are a nop' '
 	git checkout branch2 &&
 	git rebase -i F &&
@@ -247,6 +252,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'exchange two commits with -p' '
+	git checkout H &&
 	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase -i -p HEAD~2 &&
 	test H = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
 	test G = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
@@ -323,7 +329,7 @@
 	echo resolved > file1 &&
 	git add file1 &&
 	git rebase --continue > output &&
-	grep "^ file1 |    2 +-$" output
+	grep "^ file1 | 2 +-$" output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'multi-squash only fires up editor once' '
@@ -624,8 +630,38 @@
 	FAKE_LINES="1 squash 2 3" git rebase -i A
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule conflict setup' '
+	git tag submodule-base &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	(
+		cd sub && git checkout HEAD^ && echo 4 >elif &&
+		git add elif && git commit -m "submodule conflict"
+	) &&
+	git add sub &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "Conflict in submodule" &&
+	git tag submodule-topic
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i continue with only submodule staged' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i submodule-base &&
+	git add sub &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse submodule-base) != $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i continue with unstaged submodule' '
+	git checkout submodule-topic &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i submodule-base &&
+	git reset &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	test $(git rev-parse submodule-base) = $(git rev-parse HEAD)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'avoid unnecessary reset' '
 	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
 	test-chmtime =123456789 file3 &&
 	git update-index --refresh &&
 	HEAD=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
@@ -724,4 +760,178 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase -i --exec' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b execute &&
+	test_commit one_exec main.txt one_exec &&
+	test_commit two_exec main.txt two_exec &&
+	test_commit three_exec main.txt three_exec
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'running "git rebase -i --exec git show HEAD"' '
+	git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" HEAD~2 >actual &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 exec_git_show_HEAD 2 exec_git_show_HEAD" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~2 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,9d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'running "git rebase --exec git show HEAD -i"' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	git rebase --exec "git show HEAD" -i HEAD~2 >actual &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 exec_git_show_HEAD 2 exec_git_show_HEAD" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~2 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,9d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'running "git rebase -ix git show HEAD"' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	git rebase -ix "git show HEAD" HEAD~2 >actual &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 exec_git_show_HEAD 2 exec_git_show_HEAD" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~2 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,9d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with several <CMD>' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	git rebase -ix "git show HEAD; pwd" HEAD~2 >actual &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 exec_git_show_HEAD;_pwd 2 exec_git_show_HEAD;_pwd" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~2 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,9d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with several instances of --exec' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" --exec "pwd" HEAD~2 >actual &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="1 exec_git_show_HEAD exec_pwd 2
+				exec_git_show_HEAD exec_pwd" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~2 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,11d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -ix with --autosquash' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	git checkout -b autosquash &&
+	echo second >second.txt &&
+	git add second.txt &&
+	git commit -m "fixup! two_exec" &&
+	echo bis >bis.txt &&
+	git add bis.txt &&
+	git commit -m "fixup! two_exec" &&
+	(
+		git checkout -b autosquash_actual &&
+		git rebase -i --exec "git show HEAD" --autosquash HEAD~4 >actual
+	) &&
+	git checkout autosquash &&
+	(
+		git checkout -b autosquash_expected &&
+		FAKE_LINES="1 fixup 3 fixup 4 exec_git_show_HEAD 2 exec_git_show_HEAD" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		git rebase -i HEAD~4 >expect
+	) &&
+	sed -e "1,13d" expect >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --exec without -i shows error message' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --exec "git show HEAD" HEAD~2 2>actual &&
+	echo "The --exec option must be used with the --interactive option" >expected &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --exec without <CMD>' '
+	git reset --hard execute &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i --exec 2>tmp &&
+	sed -e "1d" tmp >actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -h >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root re-order and drop commits' '
+	git checkout E &&
+	FAKE_LINES="3 1 2 5" git rebase -i --root &&
+	test E = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test B = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test A = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test C = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test 0 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^^ | grep -c ^parent\ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root retain root commit author and message' '
+	git checkout A &&
+	echo B >file7 &&
+	git add file7 &&
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Twerp Snog" git commit -m "different author" &&
+	FAKE_LINES="2" git rebase -i --root &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -q "^author Twerp Snog" &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -q "^different author$"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root temporary sentinel commit' '
+	git checkout B &&
+	(
+		FAKE_LINES="2" &&
+		export FAKE_LINES &&
+		test_must_fail git rebase -i --root
+	) &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | grep "^tree 4b825dc642cb" &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase -i --root fixup root commit' '
+	git checkout B &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 fixup 2" git rebase -i --root &&
+	test A = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test B = $(git show HEAD:file1) &&
+	test 0 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | grep -c ^parent\ )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --edit-todo does not works on non-interactive rebase' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout conflict-branch &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --onto HEAD~2 HEAD~ &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --edit-todo &&
+	git rebase --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rebase --edit-todo can be used to modify todo' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout no-conflict-branch^0 &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 2 3" git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	FAKE_LINES="2 1" git rebase --edit-todo &&
+	git rebase --continue
+	test M = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | sed -ne \$p) &&
+	test L = $(git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -ne \$p)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
index e5ad67c..19eddad 100755
--- a/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
+++ b/t/t3405-rebase-malformed.sh
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 #!/bin/sh
 
-test_description='rebase should not insist on git message convention'
+test_description='rebase should handle arbitrary git message'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
@@ -12,6 +12,11 @@
 to oneline summary format.
 EOF
 
+cat >G <<\EOF
+commit log message containing a diff
+EOF
+
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	>file1 &&
@@ -19,8 +24,9 @@
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	git branch diff-in-message
 
-	git checkout -b side &&
+	git checkout -b multi-line-subject &&
 	cat F >file2 &&
 	git add file2 &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -28,6 +34,17 @@
 
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >F0 &&
 
+	git checkout diff-in-message &&
+	echo "commit log message containing a diff" >G &&
+	echo "" >>G
+	cat G >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git diff --cached >>G &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -F G &&
+
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >G0 &&
+
 	git checkout master &&
 
 	echo One >file1 &&
@@ -36,13 +53,20 @@
 	git commit -m "Second commit"
 '
 
-test_expect_success rebase '
+test_expect_success 'rebase commit with multi-line subject' '
 
-	git rebase master side &&
+	git rebase master multi-line-subject &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^\$/d" >F1 &&
 
 	test_cmp F0 F1 &&
 	test_cmp F F0
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'rebase commit with diff in message' '
+	git rebase master diff-in-message &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >G1 &&
+	test_cmp G0 G1 &&
+	test_cmp G G0
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
index fe5f936..e6a9a0d 100755
--- a/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
+++ b/t/t3406-rebase-message.sh
@@ -62,4 +62,16 @@
         ! grep "^ fileX |  *1 +$" diffstat.txt
 '
 
+# Output to stderr:
+#
+#     "Does not point to a valid commit: invalid-ref"
+#
+# NEEDSWORK: This "grep" is fine in real non-C locales, but
+# GETTEXT_POISON poisons the refname along with the enclosing
+# error message.
+test_expect_success 'rebase --onto outputs the invalid ref' '
+	test_must_fail git rebase --onto invalid-ref HEAD HEAD 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "invalid-ref" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
index ace8e54..dc81bf2 100755
--- a/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
+++ b/t/t3411-rebase-preserve-around-merges.sh
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@
 # And rebase G1..M1 onto E2
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase two levels of merge' '
+	git checkout A1 &&
 	test_commit G1 &&
 	test_commit H1 &&
 	test_commit I1 &&
diff --git a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
index 086c91c..0b52105 100755
--- a/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
+++ b/t/t3412-rebase-root.sh
@@ -22,8 +22,9 @@
 	test_commit 4 B
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rebase --root expects --onto' '
-	test_must_fail git rebase --root
+test_expect_success 'rebase --root fails with too many args' '
+	git checkout -B fail other &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --onto master --root fail fail
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup pre-rebase hook' '
@@ -42,7 +43,7 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'rebase --root --onto <newbase>' '
-	git checkout -b work &&
+	git checkout -b work other &&
 	git rebase --root --onto master &&
 	git log --pretty=tformat:"%s" > rebased &&
 	test_cmp expect rebased
diff --git a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
index b38be8e..a1e86c4 100755
--- a/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
+++ b/t/t3415-rebase-autosquash.sh
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase $2 -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code $1 &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
 	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep first | wc -l)
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase $2 -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code $1 &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
 	test 2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep first | wc -l)
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 4 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 4 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-missquash &&
 	test 0 = $(git rev-list final-missquash...HEAD | wc -l)
 '
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD~4 &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 4 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 4 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-multisquash &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^^:file1)" &&
 	test 2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^^ | grep first | wc -l) &&
@@ -130,7 +130,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD~4 &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 5 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 5 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-presquash &&
 	test 0 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^^:file1)" &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
@@ -147,7 +147,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-shasquash &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
 	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep squash | wc -l)
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-longshasquash &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
 	test 1 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep squash | wc -l)
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
 	git log --oneline >actual &&
-	test 3 = $(wc -l <actual) &&
+	test_line_count = 3 actual &&
 	git diff --exit-code final-commit-$1 &&
 	test 1 = "$(git cat-file blob HEAD^:file1)" &&
 	test $2 = $(git cat-file commit HEAD^ | grep first | wc -l)
diff --git a/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh b/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
index 1e855cd..2680375 100755
--- a/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
+++ b/t/t3418-rebase-continue.sh
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
 	test_commit "commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch" F3 32 &&
 	test_when_finished "rm -fr test-bin funny.was.run" &&
 	mkdir test-bin &&
-	cat >test-bin/git-merge-funny <<-EOF
+	cat >test-bin/git-merge-funny <<-EOF &&
 	#!$SHELL_PATH
 	case "\$1" in --opt) ;; *) exit 2 ;; esac
 	shift &&
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'rebase --continue remembers --rerere-autoupdate' '
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-* &&
 	git reset --hard commit-new-file-F3-on-topic-branch &&
-	git checkout master
+	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit "commit-new-file-F3" F3 3 &&
 	git config rerere.enabled true &&
 	test_must_fail git rebase -m master topic &&
diff --git a/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
index bd8efaf..e70ac10 100755
--- a/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
+++ b/t/t3419-rebase-patch-id.sh
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-	git commit --allow-empty -m initial
+	git commit --allow-empty -m initial &&
 	git tag root
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
index 595d2ff..6f489e2 100755
--- a/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
+++ b/t/t3501-revert-cherry-pick.sh
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
 	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --nonsense 2>msg &&
 	git diff --exit-code HEAD "$pos" &&
-	grep '[Uu]sage:' msg
+	test_i18ngrep '[Uu]sage:' msg
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'revert --nonsense' '
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
 	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
 	test_must_fail git revert --nonsense 2>msg &&
 	git diff --exit-code HEAD "$pos" &&
-	grep '[Uu]sage:' msg
+	test_i18ngrep '[Uu]sage:' msg
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick after renaming branch' '
@@ -100,4 +100,13 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'chery-pick on unborn branch' '
+	git checkout --orphan unborn &&
+	git rm --cached -r . &&
+	rm -rf * &&
+	git cherry-pick initial &&
+	git diff --quiet initial &&
+	! test_cmp_rev initial HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
index 0ab52da..e37547f 100755
--- a/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t3502-cherry-pick-merge.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout a^0 &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -m 1 b &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick -m 1 b &&
 	git diff --exit-code a --
 
 '
diff --git a/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
index c10b28c..a0c6e30 100755
--- a/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
+++ b/t/t3505-cherry-pick-empty.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,12 @@
 	echo third >> file1 &&
 	git add file1 &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit --allow-empty-message -m ""
+	git commit --allow-empty-message -m "" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	git checkout -b empty-branch2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "empty"
 
 '
 
@@ -48,4 +53,57 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a commit with an empty message with --allow-empty-message' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git cherry-pick --allow-empty-message empty-branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick an empty non-ff commit without --allow-empty' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo fourth >>file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m "fourth" &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick empty-branch2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick an empty non-ff commit with --allow-empty' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git cherry-pick --allow-empty empty-branch2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry pick with --keep-redundant-commits' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git cherry-pick --keep-redundant-commits HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a commit that becomes no-op (prep)' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git branch fork &&
+	echo foo >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "add file2 on master" &&
+
+	git checkout fork &&
+	echo foo >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "add file2 on the side"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a no-op without --keep-redundant' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout fork^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick a no-op with --keep-redundant' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout fork^0 &&
+	git cherry-pick --keep-redundant-commits master &&
+	git show -s --format='%s' >actual &&
+	echo "add file2 on master" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3506-cherry-pick-ff.sh b/t/t3506-cherry-pick-ff.sh
index 51ca391..373aad6 100755
--- a/t/t3506-cherry-pick-ff.sh
+++ b/t/t3506-cherry-pick-ff.sh
@@ -105,4 +105,12 @@
 	test "$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)" = "1df192cd8bc58a2b275d842cede4d221ad9000d1"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'chery-pick --ff on unborn branch' '
+	git checkout --orphan unborn &&
+	git rm --cached -r . &&
+	rm -rf * &&
+	git cherry-pick --ff first &&
+	test_cmp_rev first HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
index cb45574..223b984 100755
--- a/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
+++ b/t/t3507-cherry-pick-conflict.sh
@@ -11,12 +11,6 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_cmp_rev () {
-	git rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect.rev &&
-	git rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual.rev &&
-	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
-}
-
 pristine_detach () {
 	git checkout -f "$1^0" &&
 	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
@@ -30,6 +24,7 @@
 	test_commit initial foo a &&
 	test_commit base foo b &&
 	test_commit picked foo c &&
+	test_commit --signoff picked-signed foo d &&
 	git config advice.detachedhead false
 
 '
@@ -59,6 +54,20 @@
 	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'advice from failed cherry-pick --no-commit' "
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+
+	picked=\$(git rev-parse --short picked) &&
+	cat <<-EOF >expected &&
+	error: could not apply \$picked... picked
+	hint: after resolving the conflicts, mark the corrected paths
+	hint: with 'git add <paths>' or 'git rm <paths>'
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --no-commit picked 2>actual &&
+
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+"
+
 test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick sets CHERRY_PICK_HEAD' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
@@ -253,6 +262,60 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'failed revert sets REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
+	test_cmp_rev picked REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'successful revert does not set REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach base &&
+	git revert base &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert --no-commit sets REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach base &&
+	git revert --no-commit base &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev base REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert w/dirty tree does not set REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach base &&
+	echo foo > foo &&
+	test_must_fail git revert base &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP does not suppress REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	(
+		GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP="and then do something else" &&
+		GIT_REVERT_HELP="and then do something else, again" &&
+		export GIT_CHERRY_PICK_HELP GIT_REVERT_HELP &&
+		test_must_fail git revert picked
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev picked REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git reset clears REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
+	git reset &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed commit does not clear REVERT_HEAD' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
+	test_must_fail git commit &&
+	test_cmp_rev picked REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'revert conflict, diff3 -m style' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
 	git config merge.conflictstyle diff3 &&
@@ -272,4 +335,35 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'failed cherry-pick does not forget -s' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s picked &&
+	test_i18ngrep -e "Signed-off-by" .git/MERGE_MSG
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit after failed cherry-pick does not add duplicated -s' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s picked-signed &&
+	git commit -a -s &&
+	test $(git show -s |grep -c "Signed-off-by") = 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit after failed cherry-pick adds -s at the right place' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	git commit -a -s &&
+	pwd &&
+	cat <<EOF > expected &&
+picked
+
+Signed-off-by: C O Mitter <committer@example.com>
+
+Conflicts:
+	foo
+EOF
+
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%B > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
index 8e09fd0..4e7136b 100755
--- a/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
+++ b/t/t3508-cherry-pick-many-commits.sh
@@ -5,15 +5,11 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 check_head_differs_from() {
-	head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	arg=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") &&
-	test "$head" != "$arg"
+	! test_cmp_rev HEAD "$1"
 }
 
 check_head_equals() {
-	head=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
-	arg=$(git rev-parse --verify "$1") &&
-	test "$head" = "$arg"
+	test_cmp_rev HEAD "$1"
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -35,55 +31,84 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick first..fourth works' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git cherry-pick first..fourth &&
+	git diff --quiet other &&
+	git diff --quiet HEAD other &&
+	check_head_differs_from fourth
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick three one two works' '
+	git checkout -f first &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	git cherry-pick three one two &&
+	git diff --quiet three &&
+	git diff --quiet HEAD three &&
+	test "$(git log --reverse --format=%s first..)" = "three
+one
+two"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'output to keep user entertained during multi-pick' '
 	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
 	[master OBJID] second
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	[master OBJID] third
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	[master OBJID] fourth
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	EOF
 
 	git checkout -f master &&
 	git reset --hard first &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git cherry-pick first..fourth >actual &&
-	git diff --quiet other &&
-	git diff --quiet HEAD other &&
-
 	sed -e "s/$_x05[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/OBJID/" <actual >actual.fuzzy &&
-	test_cmp expected actual.fuzzy &&
-	check_head_differs_from fourth
+	test_line_count -ge 3 actual.fuzzy &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual.fuzzy
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --strategy resolve first..fourth works' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard first &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git cherry-pick --strategy resolve first..fourth &&
+	git diff --quiet other &&
+	git diff --quiet HEAD other &&
+	check_head_differs_from fourth
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'output during multi-pick indicates merge strategy' '
 	cat <<-\EOF >expected &&
 	Trying simple merge.
 	[master OBJID] second
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	Trying simple merge.
 	[master OBJID] third
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	Trying simple merge.
 	[master OBJID] fourth
 	 Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	EOF
 
 	git checkout -f master &&
 	git reset --hard first &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git cherry-pick --strategy resolve first..fourth >actual &&
-	git diff --quiet other &&
-	git diff --quiet HEAD other &&
 	sed -e "s/$_x05[0-9a-f][0-9a-f]/OBJID/" <actual >actual.fuzzy &&
-	test_cmp expected actual.fuzzy &&
-	check_head_differs_from fourth
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual.fuzzy
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --ff first..fourth works' '
diff --git a/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh b/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
index 3bca2b3..7b7a89d 100755
--- a/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
+++ b/t/t3510-cherry-pick-sequence.sh
@@ -2,6 +2,8 @@
 
 test_description='Test cherry-pick continuation features
 
+ +  conflicting: rewrites unrelated to conflicting
+  + yetanotherpick: rewrites foo to e
   + anotherpick: rewrites foo to d
   + picked: rewrites foo to c
   + unrelatedpick: rewrites unrelated to reallyunrelated
@@ -12,14 +14,18 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+# Repeat first match 10 times
+_r10='\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1\1'
+
 pristine_detach () {
-	git cherry-pick --reset &&
+	git cherry-pick --quit &&
 	git checkout -f "$1^0" &&
 	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
 	git clean -d -f -f -q -x
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
+	git config advice.detachedhead false &&
 	echo unrelated >unrelated &&
 	git add unrelated &&
 	test_commit initial foo a &&
@@ -27,22 +33,35 @@
 	test_commit unrelatedpick unrelated reallyunrelated &&
 	test_commit picked foo c &&
 	test_commit anotherpick foo d &&
-	git config advice.detachedhead false
-
+	test_commit yetanotherpick foo e &&
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_commit conflicting unrelated
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick persists data on failure' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick -s base..anotherpick &&
 	test_path_is_dir .git/sequencer &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/sequencer/head &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/sequencer/todo &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/sequencer/opts
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick mid-cherry-pick-sequence' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	test_cmp_rev picked CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	# "oops, I forgot that these patches rely on the change from base"
+	git checkout HEAD foo &&
+	git cherry-pick base &&
+	git cherry-pick picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	git diff --exit-code anotherpick
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick persists opts correctly' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s -m 1 --strategy=recursive -X patience -X ours base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick -s -m 1 --strategy=recursive -X patience -X ours initial..anotherpick &&
 	test_path_is_dir .git/sequencer &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/sequencer/head &&
 	test_path_is_file .git/sequencer/todo &&
@@ -70,22 +89,121 @@
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--reset does not complain when no cherry-pick is in progress' '
+test_expect_success '--quit does not complain when no cherry-pick is in progress' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	git cherry-pick --reset
+	git cherry-pick --quit
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--reset cleans up sequencer state' '
+test_expect_success '--abort requires cherry-pick in progress' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..picked &&
-	git cherry-pick --reset &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --abort
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--quit cleans up sequencer state' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --quit &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cherry-pick cleans up sequencer state when one commit is left' '
+test_expect_success '--quit keeps HEAD and conflicted index intact' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..picked &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:100644 100644 OBJID OBJID M	unrelated
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	unrelated
+	EOF
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --quit &&
 	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--abort to cancel multiple cherry-pick' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--abort to cancel single cherry-pick' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick --abort to cancel multiple revert' '
+	pristine_detach anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git revert base..picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev anotherpick HEAD &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'revert --abort works, too' '
+	pristine_detach anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git revert base..picked &&
+	git revert --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev anotherpick HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--abort to cancel single revert' '
+	pristine_detach anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git revert picked &&
+	git revert --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev anotherpick HEAD &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--abort keeps unrelated change, easy case' '
+	pristine_detach unrelatedpick &&
+	echo changed >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick picked..yetanotherpick &&
+	echo changed >unrelated &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_cmp expect unrelated
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--abort refuses to clobber unrelated change, harder case' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	echo changed >expect &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	echo changed >unrelated &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_cmp expect unrelated &&
+	git rev-list HEAD >log &&
+	test_line_count = 2 log &&
+	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh &&
+
+	git checkout unrelated &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cherry-pick still writes sequencer state when one commit is left' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
+	test_path_is_dir .git/sequencer &&
 	echo "resolved" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
@@ -106,29 +224,98 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--abort after last commit in sequence' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..picked &&
+	git cherry-pick --abort &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD &&
+	git update-index --refresh &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'cherry-pick does not implicitly stomp an existing operation' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
 	test-chmtime -v +0 .git/sequencer >expect &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick unrelatedpick &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick unrelatedpick &&
 	test-chmtime -v +0 .git/sequencer >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--continue complains when no cherry-pick is in progress' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--continue complains when there are unresolved conflicts' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--continue continues after conflicts are resolved' '
+test_expect_success '--continue of single cherry-pick' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
+	echo c >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick picked &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+
+	test_cmp expect foo &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD^ &&
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue of single revert' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	echo resolved >expect &&
+	echo "Revert \"picked\"" >expect.msg &&
+	test_must_fail git revert picked &&
+	echo resolved >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
+	test_cmp expect foo &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD^ &&
+	git diff-tree -s --pretty=tformat:%s HEAD >msg &&
+	test_cmp expect.msg msg &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify REVERT_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue after resolving conflicts' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	echo d >expect &&
+	cat >expect.log <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:100644 100644 OBJID OBJID M	foo
+	OBJID
+	:100644 100644 OBJID OBJID M	foo
+	OBJID
+	:100644 100644 OBJID OBJID M	unrelated
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	foo
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	unrelated
+	EOF
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual.log &&
+	test_cmp expect foo &&
+	test_cmp expect.log actual.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue after resolving conflicts and committing' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
 	echo "c" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
@@ -153,9 +340,32 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success '--continue asks for help after resolving patch to nil' '
+	pristine_detach conflicting &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick initial..picked &&
+
+	test_cmp_rev unrelatedpick CHERRY_PICK_HEAD &&
+	git checkout HEAD -- unrelated &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue 2>msg &&
+	test_i18ngrep "The previous cherry-pick is now empty" msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'follow advice and skip nil patch' '
+	pristine_detach conflicting &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick initial..picked &&
+
+	git checkout HEAD -- unrelated &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	git reset &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+
+	git rev-list initial..HEAD >commits &&
+	test_line_count = 3 commits
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--continue respects opts' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -x base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick -x base..anotherpick &&
 	echo "c" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
@@ -171,9 +381,32 @@
 	grep "cherry picked from" anotherpick_msg
 '
 
-test_expect_success '--signoff is not automatically propagated to resolved conflict' '
+test_expect_success '--continue of single-pick respects -x' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --signoff base..anotherpick &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -x picked &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >msg &&
+	grep "cherry picked from" msg
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--continue respects -x in first commit in multi-pick' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -x picked anotherpick &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ >msg &&
+	picked=$(git rev-parse --verify picked) &&
+	grep "cherry picked from.*$picked" msg
+'
+
+test_expect_failure '--signoff is automatically propagated to resolved conflict' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick --signoff base..anotherpick &&
 	echo "c" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
@@ -189,26 +422,93 @@
 	grep "Signed-off-by:" anotherpick_msg
 '
 
+test_expect_failure '--signoff dropped for implicit commit of resolution, multi-pick case' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s picked anotherpick &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD^^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD^ >msg &&
+	! grep Signed-off-by: msg
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'sign-off needs to be reaffirmed after conflict resolution, single-pick case' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -s picked &&
+	echo c >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD &&
+	test_cmp_rev initial HEAD^ &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >msg &&
+	! grep Signed-off-by: msg
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'malformed instruction sheet 1' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
 	echo "resolved" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
 	sed "s/pick /pick/" .git/sequencer/todo >new_sheet &&
 	cp new_sheet .git/sequencer/todo &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'malformed instruction sheet 2' '
 	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
 	echo "resolved" >foo &&
 	git add foo &&
 	git commit &&
 	sed "s/pick/revert/" .git/sequencer/todo >new_sheet &&
 	cp new_sheet .git/sequencer/todo &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick --continue
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'empty commit set' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick base..base
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'malformed instruction sheet 3' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	echo "resolved" >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit &&
+	sed "s/pick \([0-9a-f]*\)/pick $_r10/" .git/sequencer/todo >new_sheet &&
+	cp new_sheet .git/sequencer/todo &&
+	test_expect_code 128 git cherry-pick --continue
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'instruction sheet, fat-fingers version' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	echo "c" >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit &&
+	sed "s/pick \([0-9a-f]*\)/pick 	 \1 	/" .git/sequencer/todo >new_sheet &&
+	cp new_sheet .git/sequencer/todo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commit descriptions in insn sheet are optional' '
+	pristine_detach initial &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
+	echo "c" >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	git commit &&
+	cut -d" " -f1,2 .git/sequencer/todo >new_sheet &&
+	cp new_sheet .git/sequencer/todo &&
+	git cherry-pick --continue &&
+	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
+	git rev-list HEAD >commits &&
+	test_line_count = 4 commits
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3600-rm.sh b/t/t3600-rm.sh
index 9fd28bcf..37bf5f1 100755
--- a/t/t3600-rm.sh
+++ b/t/t3600-rm.sh
@@ -262,4 +262,364 @@
 	! test -d dir
 '
 
+cat >expect <<EOF
+D  submod
+EOF
+
+cat >expect.modified <<EOF
+ M submod
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rm removes empty submodules from work tree' '
+	mkdir submod &&
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $(git rev-parse HEAD) submod &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url ./. &&
+	git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path submod &&
+	git submodule init &&
+	git add .gitmodules &&
+	git commit -m "add submodule" &&
+	git rm submod &&
+	test ! -e submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm removes removed submodule from index' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	rm -rf submod &&
+	git rm submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm removes work tree of unmodified submodules' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	git rm submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm removes a submodule with a trailing /' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	git rm submod/ &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm fails when given a file with a trailing /' '
+	test_must_fail git rm empty/
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm succeeds when given a directory with a trailing /' '
+	git rm -r frotz/
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with different HEAD fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		git checkout HEAD^
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with modifications fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		echo X >empty
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with untracked files fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		echo X >untracked
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup submodule conflict' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	git checkout -b branch1 &&
+	echo 1 >nitfol &&
+	git add nitfol &&
+	git commit -m "added nitfol 1" &&
+	git checkout -b branch2 master &&
+	echo 2 >nitfol &&
+	git add nitfol &&
+	git commit -m "added nitfol 2" &&
+	git checkout -b conflict1 master &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		git fetch &&
+		git checkout branch1
+	) &&
+	git add submod &&
+	git commit -m "submod 1" &&
+	git checkout -b conflict2 master &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		git checkout branch2
+	) &&
+	git add submod &&
+	git commit -m "submod 2"
+'
+
+cat >expect.conflict <<EOF
+UU submod
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rm removes work tree of unmodified conflicted submodule' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	git rm submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with different HEAD fails unless forced' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		git checkout HEAD^
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with modifications fails unless forced' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		echo X >empty
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with untracked files fails unless forced' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		echo X >untracked
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted populated submodule with a .git directory fails even when forced' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		rm .git &&
+		cp -R ../.git/modules/sub .git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.conflict actual &&
+	git merge --abort &&
+	rm -rf submod
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a conflicted unpopulated submodule succeeds' '
+	git checkout conflict1 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict2 &&
+	git rm submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated submodule with a .git directory fails even when forced' '
+	git checkout -f master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		rm .git &&
+		cp -R ../.git/modules/sub .git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	! test -s actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	! test -s actual &&
+	rm -rf submod
+'
+
+cat >expect.deepmodified <<EOF
+ M submod/subsubmod
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup subsubmodule' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update &&
+	(cd submod &&
+		git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $(git rev-parse HEAD) subsubmod &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url ../. &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path subsubmod &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		git add .gitmodules &&
+		git commit -m "add subsubmodule" &&
+		git submodule update subsubmod
+	) &&
+	git commit -a -m "added deep submodule"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm recursively removes work tree of unmodified submodules' '
+	git rm submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with different nested HEAD fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update --recursive &&
+	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
+		git checkout HEAD^
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with nested modifications fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update --recursive &&
+	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
+		echo X >empty
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with nested untracked files fails unless forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update --recursive &&
+	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
+		echo X >untracked
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -f submod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect.modified actual &&
+	git rm -f submod &&
+	test ! -d submod &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rm of a populated nested submodule with a nested .git directory fails even when forced' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git submodule update --recursive &&
+	(cd submod/subsubmod &&
+		rm .git &&
+		cp -R ../../.git/modules/sub/modules/sub .git &&
+		GIT_WORK_TREE=. git config --unset core.worktree
+	) &&
+	test_must_fail git rm submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/subsubmod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	! test -s actual &&
+	test_must_fail git rm -f submod &&
+	test -d submod &&
+	test -d submod/subsubmod/.git &&
+	git status -s -uno --ignore-submodules=none > actual &&
+	! test -s actual &&
+	rm -rf submod
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3700-add.sh b/t/t3700-add.sh
index 575d950..874b3a6 100755
--- a/t/t3700-add.sh
+++ b/t/t3700-add.sh
@@ -179,6 +179,21 @@
 	test -z "`git diff-index HEAD -- foo`"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git add --refresh with pathspec' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo >foo && echo >bar && echo >baz &&
+	git add foo bar baz && H=$(git rev-parse :foo) && git rm -f foo &&
+	echo "100644 $H 3	foo" | git update-index --index-info &&
+	test-chmtime -60 bar baz &&
+	>expect &&
+	git add --refresh bar >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+
+	git diff-files --name-only >actual &&
+	! grep bar actual&&
+	grep baz actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success POSIXPERM,SANITY 'git add should fail atomically upon an unreadable file' '
 	git reset --hard &&
 	date >foo1 &&
diff --git a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
index 9e236f9..098a6ae 100755
--- a/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
+++ b/t/t3701-add-interactive.sh
@@ -330,4 +330,30 @@
 	! grep "^+15" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'patch mode ignores unmerged entries' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_commit conflict &&
+	test_commit non-conflict &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	test_commit side conflict.t &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit master conflict.t &&
+	test_must_fail git merge side &&
+	echo changed >non-conflict.t &&
+	echo y | git add -p >output &&
+	! grep a/conflict.t output &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	* Unmerged path conflict.t
+	diff --git a/non-conflict.t b/non-conflict.t
+	index f766221..5ea2ed4 100644
+	--- a/non-conflict.t
+	+++ b/non-conflict.t
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-non-conflict
+	+changed
+	EOF
+	git diff --cached >diff &&
+	test_cmp expected diff
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
index 1f62c15..37ddabb 100755
--- a/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t3900-i18n-commit.sh
@@ -34,6 +34,12 @@
 	test z = "z$E"
 '
 
+test_expect_failure 'UTF-16 refused because of NULs' '
+	echo UTF-16 >F &&
+	git commit -a -F "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t3900/UTF-16.txt
+'
+
+
 for H in ISO8859-1 eucJP ISO-2022-JP
 do
 	test_expect_success "$H setup" '
@@ -154,7 +160,7 @@
 		git config --unset-all i18n.commitencoding &&
 		git rebase --autosquash -i HEAD^^^ &&
 		git log --oneline >actual &&
-		test 3 = $(wc -l <actual)
+		test_line_count = 3 actual
 	'
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t3902-quoted.sh b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
index 534ee08..892f567 100755
--- a/t/t3902-quoted.sh
+++ b/t/t3902-quoted.sh
@@ -16,9 +16,8 @@
 if ! test -f "Name and an${HT}HT"
 then
 	# FAT/NTFS does not allow tabs in filenames
-	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
-else
-	test_set_prereq TABS_IN_FILENAMES
+	skip_all='Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
+	test_done
 fi
 
 for_each_name () {
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@
 	done
 }
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup' '
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 
 	mkdir "$FN" &&
 	for_each_name "echo initial >\"\$name\"" &&
@@ -45,7 +44,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expected files' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expected files' '
 cat >expect.quoted <<\EOF &&
 Name
 "Name and a\nLF"
@@ -75,74 +74,74 @@
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
 
 	git ls-files >current && test_cmp expect.quoted current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
 
 	git diff --name-only >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.quoted current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
 
 	git diff --name-only HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.quoted current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
 
 	git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.quoted current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from ls-tree' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-tree' '
 
 	git ls-tree --name-only -r HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.quoted current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setting core.quotepath' '
+test_expect_success 'setting core.quotepath' '
 
 	git config --bool core.quotepath false
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-files' '
 
 	git ls-files >current && test_cmp expect.raw current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-files' '
 
 	git diff --name-only >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.raw current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-index' '
 
 	git diff --name-only HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.raw current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from diff-tree' '
 
 	git diff --name-only HEAD^ HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.raw current
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'check fully quoted output from ls-tree' '
+test_expect_success 'check fully quoted output from ls-tree' '
 
 	git ls-tree --name-only -r HEAD >current &&
 	test_cmp expect.raw current
diff --git a/t/t3903-stash.sh b/t/t3903-stash.sh
index fcdb182..5dfbda7 100755
--- a/t/t3903-stash.sh
+++ b/t/t3903-stash.sh
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@
 	test $(git ls-files --modified | wc -l) -eq 1
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'stash show - stashes on stack, stash-like argument' '
+test_expect_success 'stash show format defaults to --stat' '
 	git stash clear &&
 	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
 	git reset --hard &&
@@ -443,10 +443,25 @@
 	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	 file |    1 +
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 file | 1 +
+	 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 	EOF
 	git stash show ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'stash show - stashes on stack, stash-like argument' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD" &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo foo >> file &&
+	git stash &&
+	test_when_finished "git stash drop" &&
+	echo bar >> file &&
+	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo "1	0	file" >expected &&
+	git stash show --numstat ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -480,11 +495,8 @@
 	echo foo >> file &&
 	STASH_ID=$(git stash create) &&
 	git reset --hard &&
-	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-	 file |    1 +
-	 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
-	EOF
-	git stash show ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
+	echo "1	0	file" >expected &&
+	git stash show --numstat ${STASH_ID} >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
@@ -598,7 +610,31 @@
 		git stash apply
 	) |
 	sed -e 1,2d >actual && # drop "Saved..." and "HEAD is now..."
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
+diff --git a/HEAD b/HEAD
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..fe0cbee
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/HEAD
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++file-not-a-ref
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'stash where working directory contains "HEAD" file' '
+	git stash clear &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo file-not-a-ref > HEAD &&
+	git add HEAD &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git stash &&
+	git diff-files --quiet &&
+	git diff-index --cached --quiet HEAD &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse stash^)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	git diff stash^..stash > output &&
+	test_cmp output expect
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
index 781fd71..70655c1 100755
--- a/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t3904-stash-patch.sh
@@ -7,7 +7,8 @@
 	mkdir dir &&
 	echo parent > dir/foo &&
 	echo dummy > bar &&
-	git add bar dir/foo &&
+	echo committed > HEAD &&
+	git add bar dir/foo HEAD &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	test_tick &&
 	test_commit second dir/foo head &&
@@ -17,47 +18,57 @@
 	save_head
 '
 
-# note: bar sorts before dir, so the first 'n' is always to skip 'bar'
+# note: order of files with unstaged changes: HEAD bar dir/foo
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'saying "n" does nothing' '
+	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state dir/foo work index &&
-	(echo n; echo n) | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
-	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
-	verify_saved_state bar
+	(echo n; echo n; echo n) | test_must_fail git stash save -p &&
+	verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
+	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p' '
-	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p &&
-	verify_state dir/foo head index &&
+	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p &&
+	verify_state HEAD committed HEADfile_index &&
 	verify_saved_state bar &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head index &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git stash apply &&
-	verify_state dir/foo work head &&
-	verify_state bar dummy dummy
+	verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work committed &&
+	verify_state bar dummy dummy &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work head
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git stash -p --no-keep-index' '
-	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
-	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
-	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save -p --no-keep-index &&
+	verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
 	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
+	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git stash apply --index &&
-	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
-	verify_state bar dummy bar_index
+	verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
+	verify_state bar dummy bar_index &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'git stash --no-keep-index -p' '
-	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	set_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
 	set_state bar bar_work bar_index &&
-	(echo n; echo y) | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
+	set_state dir/foo work index &&
+	(echo y; echo n; echo y) | git stash save --no-keep-index -p &&
+	verify_state HEAD committed committed &&
 	verify_state dir/foo head head &&
 	verify_state bar bar_work dummy &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git stash apply --index &&
-	verify_state dir/foo work index &&
-	verify_state bar dummy bar_index
+	verify_state HEAD HEADfile_work HEADfile_index &&
+	verify_state bar dummy bar_index &&
+	verify_state dir/foo work index
 '
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'none of this moved HEAD' '
diff --git a/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh b/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
index ef44fb2..a5e7e6b 100755
--- a/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
+++ b/t/t3905-stash-include-untracked.sh
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 	echo 3 > file &&
 	test_tick &&
 	echo 1 > file2 &&
+	echo 1 > HEAD &&
 	mkdir untracked &&
 	echo untracked >untracked/untracked &&
 	git stash --include-untracked &&
@@ -35,6 +36,13 @@
 '
 
 cat > expect.diff <<EOF
+diff --git a/HEAD b/HEAD
+new file mode 100644
+index 0000000..d00491f
+--- /dev/null
++++ b/HEAD
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++1
 diff --git a/file2 b/file2
 new file mode 100644
 index 0000000..d00491f
@@ -51,14 +59,16 @@
 +untracked
 EOF
 cat > expect.lstree <<EOF
+HEAD
 file2
 untracked
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'stash save --include-untracked stashed the untracked files' '
-	test "!" -f file2 &&
-	test ! -e untracked &&
-	git diff HEAD stash^3 -- file2 untracked >actual &&
+	test_path_is_missing file2 &&
+	test_path_is_missing untracked &&
+	test_path_is_missing HEAD &&
+	git diff HEAD stash^3 -- HEAD file2 untracked >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.diff actual &&
 	git ls-tree --name-only stash^3: >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect.lstree actual
@@ -75,6 +85,7 @@
 
 cat > expect <<EOF
  M file
+?? HEAD
 ?? actual
 ?? expect
 ?? file2
@@ -116,10 +127,12 @@
 
 git reset > /dev/null
 
+# Must direct output somewhere where it won't be considered an untracked file
 test_expect_success 'stash save --include-untracked -q is quiet' '
 	echo 1 > file5 &&
-	git stash save --include-untracked --quiet > output.out 2>&1 &&
-	test ! -s output.out
+	git stash save --include-untracked --quiet > .git/stash-output.out 2>&1 &&
+	test_line_count = 0 .git/stash-output.out &&
+	rm -f .git/stash-output.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash save --include-untracked removed files' '
@@ -133,7 +146,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'stash save --include-untracked removed files got stashed' '
 	git stash pop &&
-	test ! -f file
+	test_path_is_missing file
 '
 
 cat > .gitignore <<EOF
@@ -155,14 +168,14 @@
 test_expect_success 'stash save -u can stash with only untracked files different' '
 	echo 4 > file4 &&
 	git stash -u &&
-	test "!" -f file4
+	test_path_is_missing file4
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash save --all does not respect .gitignore' '
 	git stash -a &&
-	test "!" -f ignored &&
-	test "!" -e ignored.d &&
-	test "!" -f .gitignore
+	test_path_is_missing ignored &&
+	test_path_is_missing ignored.d &&
+	test_path_is_missing .gitignore
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'stash save --all is stash poppable' '
diff --git a/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh b/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..5fe57c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t3910-mac-os-precompose.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Torsten Bögershausen
+#
+
+test_description='utf-8 decomposed (nfd) converted to precomposed (nfc)'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! test_have_prereq UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC
+then
+	skip_all="filesystem does not corrupt utf-8"
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# create utf-8 variables
+Adiarnfc=`printf '\303\204'`
+Adiarnfd=`printf 'A\314\210'`
+
+Odiarnfc=`printf '\303\226'`
+Odiarnfd=`printf 'O\314\210'`
+AEligatu=`printf '\303\206'`
+Invalidu=`printf '\303\377'`
+
+
+#Create a string with 255 bytes (decomposed)
+Alongd=$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd$Adiarnfd #21 Byte
+Alongd=$Alongd$Alongd$Alongd                                           #63 Byte
+Alongd=$Alongd$Alongd$Alongd$Alongd$Adiarnfd                           #255 Byte
+
+#Create a string with 254 bytes (precomposed)
+Alongc=$AEligatu$AEligatu$AEligatu$AEligatu$AEligatu #10 Byte
+Alongc=$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc           #50 Byte
+Alongc=$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc$Alongc           #250 Byte
+Alongc=$Alongc$AEligatu$AEligatu                     #254 Byte
+
+test_expect_success "detect if nfd needed" '
+	precomposeunicode=`git config core.precomposeunicode` &&
+	test "$precomposeunicode" = false &&
+	git config core.precomposeunicode true
+'
+test_expect_success "setup" '
+	>x &&
+	git add x &&
+	git commit -m "1st commit" &&
+	git rm x &&
+	git commit -m "rm x"
+'
+test_expect_success "setup case mac" '
+	git checkout -b mac_os
+'
+# This will test nfd2nfc in readdir()
+test_expect_success "add file Adiarnfc" '
+	echo f.Adiarnfc >f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git add f.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git commit -m "add f.$Adiarnfc"
+'
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git stage()
+test_expect_success "stage file d.Adiarnfd/f.Adiarnfd" '
+	mkdir d.$Adiarnfd &&
+	echo d.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd >d.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd &&
+	git stage d.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd &&
+	git commit -m "add d.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd"
+'
+test_expect_success "add link Adiarnfc" '
+	ln -s d.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd l.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git add l.$Adiarnfc &&
+	git commit -m "add l.Adiarnfc"
+'
+# This will test git log
+test_expect_success "git log f.Adiar" '
+	git log f.$Adiarnfc > f.Adiarnfc.log &&
+	git log f.$Adiarnfd > f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	test -s f.Adiarnfc.log &&
+	test -s f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	test_cmp f.Adiarnfc.log f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	rm f.Adiarnfc.log f.Adiarnfd.log
+'
+# This will test git ls-files
+test_expect_success "git lsfiles f.Adiar" '
+	git ls-files f.$Adiarnfc > f.Adiarnfc.log &&
+	git ls-files f.$Adiarnfd > f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	test -s f.Adiarnfc.log &&
+	test -s f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	test_cmp f.Adiarnfc.log f.Adiarnfd.log &&
+	rm f.Adiarnfc.log f.Adiarnfd.log
+'
+# This will test git mv
+test_expect_success "git mv" '
+	git mv f.$Adiarnfd f.$Odiarnfc &&
+	git mv d.$Adiarnfd d.$Odiarnfc &&
+	git mv l.$Adiarnfd l.$Odiarnfc &&
+	git commit -m "mv Adiarnfd Odiarnfc"
+'
+# Files can be checked out as nfc
+# And the link has been corrected from nfd to nfc
+test_expect_success "git checkout nfc" '
+	rm f.$Odiarnfc &&
+	git checkout f.$Odiarnfc
+'
+# Make it possible to checkout files with their NFD names
+test_expect_success "git checkout file nfd" '
+	rm -f f.* &&
+	git checkout f.$Odiarnfd
+'
+# Make it possible to checkout links with their NFD names
+test_expect_success "git checkout link nfd" '
+	rm l.* &&
+	git checkout l.$Odiarnfd
+'
+test_expect_success "setup case mac2" '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b mac_os_2
+'
+# This will test nfd2nfc in git commit
+test_expect_success "commit file d2.Adiarnfd/f.Adiarnfd" '
+	mkdir d2.$Adiarnfd &&
+	echo d2.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd >d2.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd &&
+	git add d2.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd &&
+	git commit -m "add d2.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd" -- d2.$Adiarnfd/f.$Adiarnfd
+'
+test_expect_success "setup for long decomposed filename" '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b mac_os_long_nfd_fn
+'
+test_expect_success "Add long decomposed filename" '
+	echo longd >$Alongd &&
+	git add * &&
+	git commit -m "Long filename"
+'
+test_expect_success "setup for long precomposed filename" '
+	git checkout master &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b mac_os_long_nfc_fn
+'
+test_expect_success "Add long precomposed filename" '
+	echo longc >$Alongc &&
+	git add * &&
+	git commit -m "Long filename"
+'
+# Test if the global core.precomposeunicode stops autosensing
+# Must be the last test case
+test_expect_success "respect git config --global core.precomposeunicode" '
+	git config --global core.precomposeunicode true &&
+	rm -rf .git &&
+	git init &&
+	precomposeunicode=`git config core.precomposeunicode` &&
+	test "$precomposeunicode" = "true"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
index ff8c2f7..0591149 100755
--- a/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
+++ b/t/t4006-diff-mode.sh
@@ -8,23 +8,52 @@
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'setup' \
-    'echo frotz >rezrov &&
-     git update-index --add rezrov &&
-     tree=`git write-tree` &&
-     echo $tree'
+sed_script='s/\(:100644 100755\) \('"$_x40"'\) \2 /\1 X X /'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'chmod' \
-    'test_chmod +x rezrov &&
-     git diff-index $tree >current'
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo frotz >rezrov &&
+	git update-index --add rezrov &&
+	tree=`git write-tree` &&
+	echo $tree
+'
 
-sed -e 's/\(:100644 100755\) \('"$_x40"'\) \2 /\1 X X /' <current >check
-echo ":100644 100755 X X M	rezrov" >expected
+test_expect_success 'chmod' '
+	test_chmod +x rezrov &&
+	git diff-index $tree >current &&
+	sed -e "$sed_script" <current >check &&
+	echo ":100644 100755 X X M	rezrov" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected check
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'verify' \
-    'test_cmp expected check'
+test_expect_success 'prepare binary file' '
+	git commit -m rezrov &&
+	printf "\00\01\02\03\04\05\06" >binbin &&
+	git add binbin &&
+	git commit -m binbin
+'
+
+# test_expect_success '--stat output after text chmod' '
+# 	test_chmod -x rezrov &&
+# 	echo " 0 files changed" >expect &&
+# 	git diff HEAD --stat >actual &&
+#	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+# '
+#
+# test_expect_success '--shortstat output after text chmod' '
+# 	git diff HEAD --shortstat >actual &&
+# 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+# '
+#
+# test_expect_success '--stat output after binary chmod' '
+# 	test_chmod +x binbin &&
+# 	echo " 0 files changed" >expect &&
+# 	git diff HEAD --stat >actual &&
+# 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+# '
+#
+# test_expect_success '--shortstat output after binary chmod' '
+# 	git diff HEAD --shortstat >actual &&
+# 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+# '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
index fbc8cd8..af5134b 100755
--- a/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4010-diff-pathspec.sh
@@ -48,6 +48,14 @@
      compare_diff_raw current expected'
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
+:100644 100644 766498d93a4b06057a8e49d23f4068f1170ff38f 0a41e115ab61be0328a19b29f18cdcb49338d516 M	path1/file1
+EOF
+test_expect_success \
+    '"*file1" should show path1/file1' \
+    'git diff-index --cached $tree -- "*file1" >current &&
+     compare_diff_raw current expected'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
 :100644 100644 766498d93a4b06057a8e49d23f4068f1170ff38f 0a41e115ab61be0328a19b29f18cdcb49338d516 M	file0
 EOF
 test_expect_success \
diff --git a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
index 408a19c..f0d5041 100755
--- a/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
+++ b/t/t4011-diff-symlink.sh
@@ -9,85 +9,110 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
-cat > expected << EOF
-diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
-new file mode 120000
-index 0000000..7c465af
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/frotz
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+xyzzy
-\ No newline at end of file
-EOF
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff new symlink and file' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
+	new file mode 120000
+	index 0000000..7c465af
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/frotz
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+xyzzy
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	diff --git a/nitfol b/nitfol
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..7c465af
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/nitfol
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+xyzzy
+	EOF
+	ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
+	echo xyzzy >nitfol &&
+	git update-index &&
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	git update-index --add frotz nitfol &&
+	GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch expected current
+'
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff new symlink' \
-    'ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
-    git update-index &&
-    tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-    git update-index --add frotz &&
-    GIT_DIFF_OPTS=--unified=0 git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
-    compare_diff_patch current expected'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff unchanged symlink and file'  '
+	tree=$(git write-tree) &&
+	git update-index frotz nitfol &&
+	test -z "$(git diff-index --name-only $tree)"
+'
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff unchanged symlink' \
-    'tree=$(git write-tree) &&
-    git update-index frotz &&
-    test -z "$(git diff-index --name-only $tree)"'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff removed symlink and file' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
+	deleted file mode 120000
+	index 7c465af..0000000
+	--- a/frotz
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-xyzzy
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	diff --git a/nitfol b/nitfol
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index 7c465af..0000000
+	--- a/nitfol
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-xyzzy
+	EOF
+	mv frotz frotz2 &&
+	mv nitfol nitfol2 &&
+	git diff-index -M -p $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch expected current
+'
 
-cat > expected << EOF
-diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
-deleted file mode 120000
-index 7c465af..0000000
---- a/frotz
-+++ /dev/null
-@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--xyzzy
-\ No newline at end of file
-EOF
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff identical, but newly created symlink and file' '
+	>expected &&
+	rm -f frotz nitfol &&
+	echo xyzzy >nitfol &&
+	test-chmtime +10 nitfol &&
+	ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
+	git diff-index -M -p $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch expected current &&
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff removed symlink' \
-    'mv frotz frotz2 &&
-    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
-    compare_diff_patch current expected'
+	>expected &&
+	git diff-index -M -p -w $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch expected current
+'
 
-cat > expected << EOF
-diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
-EOF
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff different symlink and file' '
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
+	index 7c465af..df1db54 120000
+	--- a/frotz
+	+++ b/frotz
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-xyzzy
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	+yxyyz
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	diff --git a/nitfol b/nitfol
+	index 7c465af..df1db54 100644
+	--- a/nitfol
+	+++ b/nitfol
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-xyzzy
+	+yxyyz
+	EOF
+	rm -f frotz &&
+	ln -s yxyyz frotz &&
+	echo yxyyz >nitfol &&
+	git diff-index -M -p $tree >current &&
+	compare_diff_patch expected current
+'
 
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff identical, but newly created symlink' \
-    'ln -s xyzzy frotz &&
-    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
-    compare_diff_patch current expected'
-
-cat > expected << EOF
-diff --git a/frotz b/frotz
-index 7c465af..df1db54 120000
---- a/frotz
-+++ b/frotz
-@@ -1 +1 @@
--xyzzy
-\ No newline at end of file
-+yxyyz
-\ No newline at end of file
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff different symlink' \
-    'rm frotz &&
-    ln -s yxyyz frotz &&
-    git diff-index -M -p $tree > current &&
-    compare_diff_patch current expected'
-
-test_expect_success SYMLINKS \
-    'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' \
-    'ln -s narf pinky &&
-    ln -s take\ over brain &&
-    test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain > output 2> output.err &&
-    grep narf output &&
-    ! grep error output.err'
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'diff symlinks with non-existing targets' '
+	ln -s narf pinky &&
+	ln -s take\ over brain &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --no-index pinky brain >output 2>output.err &&
+	grep narf output &&
+	! test -s output.err
+'
 
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'setup symlinks with attributes' '
 	echo "*.bin diff=bin" >>.gitattributes &&
@@ -96,19 +121,19 @@
 	git add -N file.bin link.bin
 '
 
-cat >expect <<'EOF'
-diff --git a/file.bin b/file.bin
-index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
-Binary files a/file.bin and b/file.bin differ
-diff --git a/link.bin b/link.bin
-index e69de29..dce41ec 120000
---- a/link.bin
-+++ b/link.bin
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+file.bin
-\ No newline at end of file
-EOF
 test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'symlinks do not respect userdiff config by path' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/file.bin b/file.bin
+	index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+	Binary files a/file.bin and b/file.bin differ
+	diff --git a/link.bin b/link.bin
+	index e69de29..dce41ec 120000
+	--- a/link.bin
+	+++ b/link.bin
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+file.bin
+	\ No newline at end of file
+	EOF
 	git config diff.bin.binary true &&
 	git diff file.bin link.bin >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
diff --git a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
index 2d9f9a0..1215ae5 100755
--- a/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4012-diff-binary.sh
@@ -8,13 +8,21 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success 'prepare repository' \
-	'echo AIT >a && echo BIT >b && echo CIT >c && echo DIT >d &&
-	 git update-index --add a b c d &&
-	 echo git >a &&
-	 cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-binary-1.png >b &&
-	 echo git >c &&
-	 cat b b >d'
+cat >expect.binary-numstat <<\EOF
+1	1	a
+-	-	b
+1	1	c
+-	-	d
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare repository' '
+	echo AIT >a && echo BIT >b && echo CIT >c && echo DIT >d &&
+	git update-index --add a b c d &&
+	echo git >a &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-binary-1.png >b &&
+	echo git >c &&
+	cat b b >d
+'
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
  a |    2 +-
@@ -23,59 +31,74 @@
  d |  Bin
  4 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'diff without --binary' \
-	'git diff | git apply --stat --summary >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'apply --stat output for binary file change' '
+	git diff >diff &&
+	git apply --stat --summary <diff >current &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected current
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'diff with --binary' \
-	'git diff --binary | git apply --stat --summary >current &&
-	 test_cmp expected current'
+test_expect_success 'diff --shortstat output for binary file change' '
+	tail -n 1 expected >expect &&
+	git diff --shortstat >current &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --shortstat output for binary file change only' '
+	echo " 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)" >expected &&
+	git diff --shortstat -- b >current &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --numstat notices binary file change' '
+	git diff >diff &&
+	git apply --numstat <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary-numstat current
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --numstat understands diff --binary format' '
+	git diff --binary >diff &&
+	git apply --numstat <diff >current &&
+	test_cmp expect.binary-numstat current
+'
 
 # apply needs to be able to skip the binary material correctly
 # in order to report the line number of a corrupt patch.
-test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
-	'git diff | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
-	 if git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
-	 then
-		echo unhappy - should have detected an error
-		(exit 1)
-	 else
-		echo happy
-	 fi &&
-	 detected=`cat detected` &&
-	 detected=`expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$"` &&
-	 detected=`sed -ne "${detected}p" broken` &&
-	 test "$detected" = xCIT'
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' '
+	git diff >output &&
+	sed -e "s/-CIT/xCIT/" <output >broken &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected &&
+	detected=`cat detected` &&
+	detected=`expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$"` &&
+	detected=`sed -ne "${detected}p" broken` &&
+	test "$detected" = xCIT
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' \
-	'git diff --binary | sed -e 's/-CIT/xCIT/' >broken &&
-	 if git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected
-	 then
-		echo unhappy - should have detected an error
-		(exit 1)
-	 else
-		echo happy
-	 fi &&
-	 detected=`cat detected` &&
-	 detected=`expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$"` &&
-	 detected=`sed -ne "${detected}p" broken` &&
-	 test "$detected" = xCIT'
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'apply detecting corrupt patch correctly' '
+	git diff --binary | sed -e "s/-CIT/xCIT/" >broken &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --stat --summary broken 2>detected &&
+	detected=`cat detected` &&
+	detected=`expr "$detected" : "fatal.*at line \\([0-9]*\\)\$"` &&
+	detected=`sed -ne "${detected}p" broken` &&
+	test "$detected" = xCIT
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'initial commit' 'git commit -a -m initial'
 
 # Try removal (b), modification (d), and creation (e).
-test_expect_success 'diff-index with --binary' \
-	'echo AIT >a && mv b e && echo CIT >c && cat e >d &&
-	 git update-index --add --remove a b c d e &&
-	 tree0=`git write-tree` &&
-	 git diff --cached --binary >current &&
-	 git apply --stat --summary current'
+test_expect_success 'diff-index with --binary' '
+	echo AIT >a && mv b e && echo CIT >c && cat e >d &&
+	git update-index --add --remove a b c d e &&
+	tree0=`git write-tree` &&
+	git diff --cached --binary >current &&
+	git apply --stat --summary current
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'apply binary patch' \
-	'git reset --hard &&
-	 git apply --binary --index <current &&
-	 tree1=`git write-tree` &&
-	 test "$tree1" = "$tree0"'
+test_expect_success 'apply binary patch' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git apply --binary --index <current &&
+	tree1=`git write-tree` &&
+	test "$tree1" = "$tree0"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'diff --no-index with binary creation' '
 	echo Q | q_to_nul >binary &&
@@ -90,4 +113,23 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expect <<EOF
+ binfile  |   Bin 0 -> 1026 bytes
+ textfile | 10000 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --stat with binary files and big change count' '
+	printf "\01\00%1024d" 1 >binfile &&
+	git add binfile &&
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 10000; do
+		echo $i &&
+		i=$(($i + 1))
+	done >textfile &&
+	git add textfile &&
+	git diff --cached --stat binfile textfile >output &&
+	grep " | " output >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
index 93a6f20..e77c09c 100755
--- a/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
+++ b/t/t4013-diff-various.sh
@@ -128,7 +128,12 @@
 		} >"$actual" &&
 		if test -f "$expect"
 		then
-			test_cmp "$expect" "$actual" &&
+			case $cmd in
+			*format-patch* | *-stat*)
+				test_i18ncmp "$expect" "$actual";;
+			*)
+				test_cmp "$expect" "$actual";;
+			esac &&
 			rm -f "$actual"
 		else
 			# this is to help developing new tests.
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 3a9f78a..9951e36 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --patch-with-stat --summary master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --cc dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
index a61ad8c..cec33fa 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --patch-with-stat --summary side
 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_master
index 49f23b9..db3c0a7 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --patch-with-stat master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --cc dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_master
index cc6eb3b..d019867 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --stat --summary master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_side
index 50362be..12b2eee 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_--summary_side
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --stat --summary side
 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_master
index fae7f33..40b9179 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--cc_--stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff-tree --cc --stat master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty=oneline_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty=oneline_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
index d5c333a..817ed06 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty=oneline_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty=oneline_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 $ git diff-tree --pretty=oneline --root --patch-with-stat initial
 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a Initial
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 new file mode 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--patch-with-stat_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--patch-with-stat_side
index 4d30e7e..fe3f6b7 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--patch-with-stat_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--patch-with-stat_side
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
index 7dfa6af..06eb77e 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 new file mode 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--summary_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--summary_initial
index 43bfce2..680eab5 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--summary_initial
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_--summary_initial
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Initial
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_initial
index 9154aa4..9722d1b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_initial
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--pretty_--root_--stat_initial
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
     Initial
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
index 1562b62..ad69ffe 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_--root_--patch-with-stat_initial
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 $ git diff-tree --root --patch-with-stat initial
 444ac553ac7612cc88969031b02b3767fb8a353a
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 new file mode 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_master
index ac9f641..81c3021 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff-tree -c --stat --summary master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_side b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_side
index 2afcca1..e8dc12b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_--summary_side
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff-tree -c --stat --summary side
 c7a2ab9e8eac7b117442a607d5a9b3950ae34d5a
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_master
index c2fe6a9..89d59b1 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff-tree_-c_--stat_master
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff-tree -c --stat master
 59d314ad6f356dd08601a4cd5e530381da3e3c64
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_-r_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_-r_initial..side
index 9ed317a..be8d1ea 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_-r_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_-r_initial..side
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff --patch-with-stat -r initial..side
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_initial..side
index 8b50629..5424e6d 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--patch-with-stat_initial..side
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 $ git diff --patch-with-stat initial..side
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--stat_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--stat_initial..side
index 0517b5d..b7741e2 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff_--stat_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_--stat_initial..side
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff --stat initial..side
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.diff_-r_--stat_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.diff_-r_--stat_initial..side
index 245220d..5d514f5 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.diff_-r_--stat_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.diff_-r_--stat_initial..side
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 $ git diff -r --stat initial..side
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
index 52116d3..547ca06 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_--suffix=.diff_initial..side
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
index ce49bd6..52fedc1 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
index 5f1b238..1c3cde2 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
index 4a2364a..4717bd8 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--attach_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
index 43b81eb..02c4db7 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--numbered-files_initial..master
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
index ca3f60b..c7677c5 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_--subject-prefix=TESTCASE_initial..master
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
index 08f2301..5b3e34e 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
@@ -121,10 +121,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
index 07f1230..d13f8a8 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
index 29e00ab..caec553 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..master^^
@@ -14,9 +14,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
index 67633d4..d3a6762 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--inline_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
index 3b4e113..244d964 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--cover-letter_-n_initial..master^
@@ -10,10 +10,10 @@
   Second
   Third
 
- dir/sub |    4 ++++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file1   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 4 ++++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  4 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  create mode 100644 file1
  delete mode 100644 file2
@@ -28,9 +28,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -73,9 +73,9 @@
 Subject: [DIFFERENT_PREFIX 2/2] Third
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master
index f7752eb..bfc287a 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--no-numbered_initial..master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
 Subject: [PATCH] Third
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@
 Subject: [PATCH] Side
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master
index 8e67dbf..568f6f5 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_--numbered_initial..master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@
 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
index 7b89978..5f0352f 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
 Subject: [PATCH 2/3] Third
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -85,10 +85,10 @@
 Subject: [PATCH 3/3] Side
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
index b7f9725..2ae454d 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..master^
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
 This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@
 Subject: [PATCH 2/2] Third
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..side b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..side
index e765088..a7d52fb 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.format-patch_--stdout_initial..side
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 Subject: [PATCH] Side
 
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
index bd7f5c0..a18f147 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
index 14595a6..ae425c4 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
index 5a4e727..d5207ca 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -31,8 +31,8 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index df0aaa9..0fc1e8c 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
     Merge branch 'side'
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --cc dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -162,10 +162,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index c11b5f2c..dffc09d 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -55,9 +55,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -88,9 +88,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
index 5f0c98f..55aa980 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -12,10 +12,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -54,9 +54,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -127,10 +127,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 new file mode 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index e62c368..019d85f 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.log_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
     Merge branch 'side'
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --combined dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -162,10 +162,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side b/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
index 377f2b7..95a474e 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_--summary_side
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_side b/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_side
index fb14c53..974e99b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_--patch-with-stat_side
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_--summary_side b/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_--summary_side
index 5bd5977..a71492f 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_--summary_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_--summary_side
@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 
     Side
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_side b/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_side
index 3b22327..9be7124 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_side
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.show_--stat_side
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
     Side
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 $
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
index 6a467cc..c8b6af2 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master_--_dir_
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master
index 1e1bbe1..1ac431b 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
index 13789f1..b30c285 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--patch-with-stat_master_--_dir_
@@ -5,8 +5,8 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -24,8 +24,8 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -46,8 +46,8 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- 1 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..8422d40 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index e96ff1f..30aae78 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--cc_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
     Merge branch 'side'
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --cc dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -162,10 +162,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index 0291153..db90e51 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -123,10 +123,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
index 9b0349c..9a6cc92 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_--patch-with-stat_master
@@ -5,10 +5,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 35d242b..7289e35 100644
@@ -47,9 +47,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 index 8422d40..cead32e 100644
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -120,10 +120,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
 new file mode 100644
diff --git a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
index c0aff68..d1d32bd 100644
--- a/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
+++ b/t/t4013/diff.whatchanged_--root_-c_--patch-with-stat_--summary_master
@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@
 
     Merge branch 'side'
 
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
 
 diff --combined dir/sub
 index cead32e,7289e35..992913c
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@
 
     Side
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file3   |    4 ++++
- 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file3   | 4 ++++
+ 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file3
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@
 
     Third
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file1   |    3 +++
- 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file1   | 3 +++
+ 2 files changed, 5 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 file1
 
 diff --git a/dir/sub b/dir/sub
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@
     
     This is the second commit.
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 ---
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 ---
  3 files changed, 5 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
  delete mode 100644 file2
 
@@ -162,10 +162,10 @@
 
     Initial
 ---
- dir/sub |    2 ++
- file0   |    3 +++
- file2   |    3 +++
- 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ dir/sub | 2 ++
+ file0   | 3 +++
+ file2   | 3 +++
+ 3 files changed, 8 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 dir/sub
  create mode 100644 file0
  create mode 100644 file2
diff --git a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
index 6797512..7fa3647 100755
--- a/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
+++ b/t/t4014-format-patch.sh
@@ -110,73 +110,107 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'extra headers' '
 
-	git config format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>
+	git config format.headers "To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>
 " &&
-	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>
+	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>
 " &&
 	git format-patch --stdout master..side > patch2 &&
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" patch2 > hdrs2 &&
-	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" hdrs2 &&
-	grep "^Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs2
+	grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" hdrs2 &&
+	grep "^Cc: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs2
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'extra headers without newlines' '
 
-	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
-	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --add format.headers "Cc: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --stdout master..side >patch3 &&
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" patch3 > hdrs3 &&
-	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" hdrs3 &&
-	grep "^Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs3
+	grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" hdrs3 &&
+	grep "^Cc: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs3
 
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'extra headers with multiple To:s' '
 
-	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
-	git config --add format.headers "To: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --add format.headers "To: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --stdout master..side > patch4 &&
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" patch4 > hdrs4 &&
-	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" hdrs4 &&
-	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs4
+	grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" hdrs4 &&
+	grep "^ *S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" hdrs4
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'additional command line cc' '
+test_expect_success 'additional command line cc (ascii)' '
 
-	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --cc="S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch5 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" patch5 &&
+	grep "^ *S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" patch5
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'additional command line cc (rfc822)' '
+
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --cc="S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch5 &&
-	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" patch5 &&
-	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" patch5
+	grep "^Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" patch5 &&
+	grep "^ *\"S. E. Cipient\" <scipient@example.com>\$" patch5
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'command line headers' '
 
 	git config --unset-all format.headers &&
-	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch6 &&
-	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch6
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch6 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch6
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'configuration headers and command line headers' '
 
-	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
-	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch7 &&
-	grep "^Cc: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" patch7 &&
-	grep "^ *S. E. Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" patch7
+	git config --replace-all format.headers "Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --add-header="Cc: S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch7 &&
+	grep "^Cc: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>,\$" patch7 &&
+	grep "^ *S E Cipient <scipient@example.com>\$" patch7
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'command line To: header' '
+test_expect_success 'command line To: header (ascii)' '
 
 	git config --unset-all format.headers &&
-	git format-patch --to="R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch8 &&
-	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch8
+	git format-patch --to="R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch8 &&
+	grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch8
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'configuration To: header' '
+test_expect_failure 'command line To: header (rfc822)' '
+
+	git format-patch --to="R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch8 &&
+	grep "^To: \"R. E. Cipient\" <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch8
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'command line To: header (rfc2047)' '
+
+	git format-patch --to="R Ä Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch8 &&
+	grep "^To: =?UTF-8?q?R=20=C3=84=20Cipient?= <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch8
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configuration To: header (ascii)' '
+
+	git config format.to "R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch9 &&
+	grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch9
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'configuration To: header (rfc822)' '
 
 	git config format.to "R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch9 &&
-	grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch9
+	grep "^To: \"R. E. Cipient\" <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch9
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'configuration To: header (rfc2047)' '
+
+	git config format.to "R Ä Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout master..side | sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch9 &&
+	grep "^To: =?UTF-8?q?R=20=C3=84=20Cipient?= <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch9
 '
 
 # check_patch <patch>: Verify that <patch> looks like a half-sane
@@ -190,11 +224,11 @@
 test_expect_success '--no-to overrides config.to' '
 
 	git config --replace-all format.to \
-		"R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+		"R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --no-to --stdout master..side |
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch10 &&
 	check_patch patch10 &&
-	! grep "^To: R. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch10
+	! grep "^To: R E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch10
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--no-to and --to replaces config.to' '
@@ -212,21 +246,21 @@
 test_expect_success '--no-cc overrides config.cc' '
 
 	git config --replace-all format.cc \
-		"C. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+		"C E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --no-cc --stdout master..side |
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch12 &&
 	check_patch patch12 &&
-	! grep "^Cc: C. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch12
+	! grep "^Cc: C E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch12
 '
 
 test_expect_success '--no-add-header overrides config.headers' '
 
 	git config --replace-all format.headers \
-		"Header1: B. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
+		"Header1: B E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>" &&
 	git format-patch --no-add-header --stdout master..side |
 	sed -e "/^\$/q" >patch13 &&
 	check_patch patch13 &&
-	! grep "^Header1: B. E. Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch13
+	! grep "^Header1: B E Cipient <rcipient@example.com>\$" patch13
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'multiple files' '
@@ -237,13 +271,29 @@
 	ls patches/0001-Side-changes-1.patch patches/0002-Side-changes-2.patch patches/0003-Side-changes-3-with-n-backslash-n-in-it.patch
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reroll count' '
+	rm -fr patches &&
+	git format-patch -o patches --cover-letter --reroll-count 4 master..side >list &&
+	! grep -v "^patches/v4-000[0-3]-" list &&
+	sed -n -e "/^Subject: /p" $(cat list) >subjects &&
+	! grep -v "^Subject: \[PATCH v4 [0-3]/3\] " subjects
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reroll count (-v)' '
+	rm -fr patches &&
+	git format-patch -o patches --cover-letter -v4 master..side >list &&
+	! grep -v "^patches/v4-000[0-3]-" list &&
+	sed -n -e "/^Subject: /p" $(cat list) >subjects &&
+	! grep -v "^Subject: \[PATCH v4 [0-3]/3\] " subjects
+'
+
 check_threading () {
 	expect="$1" &&
 	shift &&
 	(git format-patch --stdout "$@"; echo $? > status.out) |
 	# Prints everything between the Message-ID and In-Reply-To,
 	# and replaces all Message-ID-lookalikes by a sequence number
-	perl -ne '
+	"$PERL_PATH" -ne '
 		if (/^(message-id|references|in-reply-to)/i) {
 			$printing = 1;
 		} elsif (/^\S/) {
@@ -518,11 +568,6 @@
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
----
- file |   16 ++++++++++++++++
- 1 files changed, 16 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
-
-diff --git a/file b/file
 index 40f36c6..2dc5c23 100644
 --- a/file
 +++ b/file
@@ -537,7 +582,9 @@
 test_expect_success 'format-patch respects -U' '
 
 	git format-patch -U4 -2 &&
-	sed -e "1,/^\$/d" -e "/^+5/q" < 0001-This-is-an-excessively-long-subject-line-for-a-messa.patch > output &&
+	sed -e "1,/^diff/d" -e "/^+5/q" \
+		<0001-This-is-an-excessively-long-subject-line-for-a-messa.patch \
+		>output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
@@ -619,8 +666,19 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'format-patch --signoff' '
-	git format-patch -1 --signoff --stdout |
-	grep "^Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>"
+	git format-patch -1 --signoff --stdout >out &&
+	grep "^Signed-off-by: $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL>" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'format-patch --notes --signoff' '
+	git notes --ref test add -m "test message" HEAD &&
+	git format-patch -1 --signoff --stdout --notes=test >out &&
+	# Three dashes must come after S-o-b
+	! sed "/^Signed-off-by: /q" out | grep "test message" &&
+	sed "1,/^Signed-off-by: /d" out | grep "test message" &&
+	# Notes message must come after three dashes
+	! sed "/^---$/q" out | grep "test message" &&
+	sed "1,/^---$/d" out | grep "test message"
 '
 
 echo "fatal: --name-only does not make sense" > expect.name-only
@@ -755,16 +813,14 @@
 M512=$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 Subject: [PATCH] foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
- bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
- foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
- bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
- foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
- bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
- foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
- bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
- foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo
+ bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
+ foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar foo bar
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long headers (ascii)' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long subject (ascii)' '
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m "$M512" &&
@@ -777,30 +833,31 @@
 M64=$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8
 M512=$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64$M64
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
-Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
- =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+Subject: [PATCH] =?UTF-8?q?f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar=20f=C3=B6=C3=B6=20bar?=
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long headers (rfc2047)' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long subject (rfc2047)' '
 	rm -rf patches/ &&
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -810,52 +867,80 @@
 	test_cmp expect subject
 '
 
-M8="foo_bar_"
-M64=$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8$M8
-cat >expect <<EOF
-From: $M64
- <foobar@foo.bar>
-EOF
-test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps non-quotable headers' '
-	rm -rf patches/ &&
-	echo content >>file &&
-	git add file &&
-	git commit -mfoo --author "$M64 <foobar@foo.bar>" &&
-	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
-	sed -n "/^From: /p; /^ /p; /^$/q" <patch >from &&
-	test_cmp expect from
-'
-
 check_author() {
 	echo content >>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME=$1 git commit -m author-check &&
 	git format-patch --stdout -1 >patch &&
-	grep ^From: patch >actual &&
+	sed -n "/^From: /p; /^ /p; /^$/q" <patch >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 }
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 From: "Foo B. Bar" <author@example.com>
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes dot in headers' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes dot in from-headers' '
 	check_author "Foo B. Bar"
 '
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 From: "Foo \"The Baz\" Bar" <author@example.com>
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes double-quote in headers' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch quotes double-quote in from-headers' '
 	check_author "Foo \"The Baz\" Bar"
 '
 
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
-From: =?UTF-8?q?"F=C3=B6o=20B.=20Bar"?= <author@example.com>
+From: =?UTF-8?q?F=C3=B6o=20Bar?= <author@example.com>
 EOF
-test_expect_success 'rfc2047-encoded headers also double-quote 822 specials' '
+test_expect_success 'format-patch uses rfc2047-encoded from-headers when necessary' '
+	check_author "Föo Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: =?UTF-8?q?F=C3=B6o=20B=2E=20Bar?= <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'rfc2047-encoded from-headers leave no rfc822 specials' '
 	check_author "Föo B. Bar"
 '
 
+cat >expect <<EOF
+From: foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_
+ <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps moderately long from-header (ascii)' '
+	check_author "foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_foo_bar_"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar
+ Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo
+ Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long from-header (ascii)' '
+	check_author "Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: "Foo.Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar
+ Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo
+ Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar" <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long from-header (rfc822)' '
+	check_author "Foo.Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar"
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+From: =?UTF-8?q?Fo=C3=B6=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar=20?=
+ =?UTF-8?q?Foo=20Bar=20Foo=20Bar?= <author@example.com>
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'format-patch wraps extremely long from-header (rfc2047)' '
+	check_author "Foö Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar Foo Bar"
+'
+
 cat >expect <<'EOF'
 Subject: header with . in it
 EOF
@@ -894,4 +979,46 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (1)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter master >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (2)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter rebuild-1~2..rebuild-1 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (3)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter ^master rebuild-1 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (4)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter master.. >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (5)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -2 HEAD >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cover letter using branch description (6)' '
+	git checkout rebuild-1 &&
+	test_config branch.rebuild-1.description hello &&
+	git format-patch --stdout --cover-letter -2 >actual &&
+	grep hello actual >/dev/null
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
index 9059bcd..cc3db13 100755
--- a/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
+++ b/t/t4015-diff-whitespace.sh
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@
 git diff -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with -w -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
-tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
+tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
 index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 --- a/x
@@ -111,19 +111,19 @@
 @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 -whitespace at beginning
 +	whitespace at beginning
- whitespace change
+ whitespace 	 change
 -whitespace in the middle
 +white space in the middle
- whitespace at end
+ whitespace at end__
  unchanged line
- CR at endQ
+ CR at end
 EOF
 git diff -b > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with -b' 'test_cmp expect out'
 git diff -b --ignore-space-at-eol > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with -b --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
 
-tr 'Q' '\015' << EOF > expect
+tr 'Q_' '\015 ' << EOF > expect
 diff --git a/x b/x
 index d99af23..8b32fb5 100644
 --- a/x
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@
 +	whitespace at beginning
 +whitespace 	 change
 +white space in the middle
- whitespace at end
+ whitespace at end__
  unchanged line
- CR at endQ
+ CR at end
 EOF
 git diff --ignore-space-at-eol > out
 test_expect_success 'another test, with --ignore-space-at-eol' 'test_cmp expect out'
diff --git a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
index ab0c2f0..cd543ec 100755
--- a/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
+++ b/t/t4016-diff-quote.sh
@@ -13,14 +13,12 @@
 P2='pathname with SP'
 P3='pathname
 with LF'
-if : 2>/dev/null >"$P1" && test -f "$P1" && rm -f "$P1"
-then
-	test_set_prereq TABS_IN_FILENAMES
-else
-	say 'Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
-fi
+echo 2>/dev/null >"$P1" && test -f "$P1" && rm -f "$P1" || {
+	skip_all='Your filesystem does not allow tabs in filenames'
+	test_done
+}
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES setup '
+test_expect_success setup '
 	echo P0.0 >"$P0.0" &&
 	echo P0.1 >"$P0.1" &&
 	echo P0.2 >"$P0.2" &&
@@ -40,7 +38,7 @@
 	:
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expected files' '
+test_expect_success 'setup expected files' '
 cat >expect <<\EOF
  rename pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0" (100%)
  rename pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0" (100%)
@@ -52,27 +50,38 @@
 EOF
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff --summary -M HEAD' '
+test_expect_success 'git diff --summary -M HEAD' '
 	git diff --summary -M HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'setup expected files' '
-cat >expect <<\EOF
- pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0"            |    0
- pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0"            |    0
- "pathname\twith HT.3" => "Rpathname\nwith LF.1" |    0
- pathname.2 => Rpathname with SP.0               |    0
- "pathname\twith HT.2" => Rpathname with SP.1    |    0
- pathname.0 => Rpathname.0                       |    0
- "pathname\twith HT.0" => Rpathname.1            |    0
- 7 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
-EOF
+test_expect_success 'git diff --numstat -M HEAD' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	0	0	pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0"
+	0	0	pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0"
+	0	0	"pathname\twith HT.3" => "Rpathname\nwith LF.1"
+	0	0	pathname.2 => Rpathname with SP.0
+	0	0	"pathname\twith HT.2" => Rpathname with SP.1
+	0	0	pathname.0 => Rpathname.0
+	0	0	"pathname\twith HT.0" => Rpathname.1
+	EOF
+	git diff --numstat -M HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success TABS_IN_FILENAMES 'git diff --stat -M HEAD' '
+test_expect_success 'git diff --stat -M HEAD' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	 pathname.1 => "Rpathname\twith HT.0"            | 0
+	 pathname.3 => "Rpathname\nwith LF.0"            | 0
+	 "pathname\twith HT.3" => "Rpathname\nwith LF.1" | 0
+	 pathname.2 => Rpathname with SP.0               | 0
+	 "pathname\twith HT.2" => Rpathname with SP.1    | 0
+	 pathname.0 => Rpathname.0                       | 0
+	 "pathname\twith HT.0" => Rpathname.1            | 0
+	 7 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	EOF
 	git diff --stat -M HEAD >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
index b68c56b..082d3e8 100755
--- a/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
+++ b/t/t4018-diff-funcname.sh
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@
 	grep "^@@.*@@ $1" diff
 }
 
-for p in bibtex cpp csharp fortran html java objc pascal perl php python ruby tex
+for p in ada bibtex cpp csharp fortran html java matlab objc pascal perl php python ruby tex
 do
 	test_expect_success "builtin $p pattern compiles" '
 		echo "*.java diff=$p" >.gitattributes &&
diff --git a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
index 083f62d..2e7d73f 100755
--- a/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
+++ b/t/t4020-diff-external.sh
@@ -48,7 +48,53 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'typechange diff' '
+	rm -f file &&
+	ln -s elif file &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff  | {
+		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
+		test "z$path" = zfile &&
+		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newmode" = z120000 &&
+		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
+		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
+	} &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF=echo git diff --no-ext-diff >actual &&
+	git diff >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.external' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo third >file &&
+	test_config diff.external echo &&
+	git diff | {
+		read path oldfile oldhex oldmode newfile newhex newmode &&
+		test "z$path" = zfile &&
+		test "z$oldmode" = z100644 &&
+		test "z$newhex" = "z$_z40" &&
+		test "z$newmode" = z100644 &&
+		oh=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD:file) &&
+		test "z$oh" = "z$oldhex"
+	}
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.external should apply only to diff' '
+	test_config diff.external echo &&
+	git log -p -1 HEAD |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.external and --no-ext-diff' '
+	test_config diff.external echo &&
+	git diff --no-ext-diff |
+	grep "^diff --git a/file b/file"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'diff attribute' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo third >file &&
 
 	git config diff.parrot.command echo &&
 
@@ -113,12 +159,25 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF trumps diff.external' '
+	>.gitattributes &&
+	test_config diff.external "echo ext-global" &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF="echo ext-env" git diff | grep ext-env
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'attributes trump GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF and diff.external' '
+	test_config diff.foo.command "echo ext-attribute" &&
+	test_config diff.external "echo ext-global" &&
+	echo "file diff=foo" >.gitattributes &&
+	GIT_EXTERNAL_DIFF="echo ext-env" git diff | grep ext-attribute
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'no diff with -diff' '
 	echo >.gitattributes "file -diff" &&
 	git diff | grep Binary
 '
 
-echo NULZbetweenZwords | perl -pe 'y/Z/\000/' > file
+echo NULZbetweenZwords | "$PERL_PATH" -pe 'y/Z/\000/' > file
 
 test_expect_success 'force diff with "diff"' '
 	echo >.gitattributes "file diff" &&
diff --git a/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
index c00a94b..2d030a4 100755
--- a/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
+++ b/t/t4022-diff-rewrite.sh
@@ -66,5 +66,35 @@
 	grep -v "Linus Torvalds" actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'prepare a file that ends with an incomplete line' '
+	test_seq 1 99 >seq &&
+	printf 100 >>seq &&
+	git add seq &&
+	git commit seq -m seq
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'rewrite the middle 90% of sequence file and terminate with newline' '
+	test_seq 1 5 >seq &&
+	test_seq 9331 9420 >>seq &&
+	test_seq 96 100 >>seq
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'confirm that sequence file is considered a rewrite' '
+	git diff -B seq >res &&
+	grep "dissimilarity index" res
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no newline at eof is on its own line without -B' '
+	git diff seq >res &&
+	grep "^\\\\ " res &&
+	! grep "^..*\\\\ " res
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no newline at eof is on its own line with -B' '
+	git diff -B seq >res &&
+	grep "^\\\\ " res &&
+	! grep "^..*\\\\ " res
+'
+
 test_done
 
diff --git a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
index 3ccc237..36e2f07 100755
--- a/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
+++ b/t/t4029-diff-trailing-space.sh
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@
      git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty true &&
      git diff f > actual &&
      test_cmp exp actual &&
-     perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -p -e "s/^\$/ /" exp &&
      git config --bool diff.suppressBlankEmpty false &&
      git diff f > actual &&
      test_cmp exp actual &&
diff --git a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
index 88c5619..53ec330 100755
--- a/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t4030-diff-textconv.sh
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 cat >hexdump <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
-perl -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
+"$PERL_PATH" -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
 EOF
 chmod +x hexdump
 
@@ -84,14 +84,42 @@
 	git reset --soft HEAD@{1}
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep-diff (-G) operates on textconv data (add)' '
+	echo one >expect &&
+	git log --root --format=%s -G0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep-diff (-G) operates on textconv data (modification)' '
+	echo two >expect &&
+	git log --root --format=%s -G1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pickaxe (-S) operates on textconv data (add)' '
+	echo one >expect &&
+	git log --root --format=%s -S0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pickaxe (-S) operates on textconv data (modification)' '
+	echo two >expect &&
+	git log --root --format=%s -S1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat >expect.stat <<'EOF'
- file |  Bin 2 -> 4 bytes
- 1 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ file | Bin 2 -> 4 bytes
+ 1 file changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'diffstat does not run textconv' '
 	echo file diff=fail >.gitattributes &&
 	git diff --stat HEAD^ HEAD >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect.stat actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect.stat actual &&
+
+	head -n1 <expect.stat >expect.line1 &&
+	head -n1 <actual >actual.line1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.line1 actual.line1
 '
 # restore working setup
 echo file diff=foo >.gitattributes
diff --git a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
index 7d7470f..eacc669 100755
--- a/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4031-diff-rewrite-binary.sh
@@ -44,17 +44,23 @@
 	grep "GIT binary patch" diff
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'rewrite diff --stat shows binary changes' '
+test_expect_success 'rewrite diff --numstat shows binary changes' '
+	git diff -B --numstat --summary >diff &&
+	grep -e "-	-	" diff &&
+	grep " rewrite file" diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --stat counts binary rewrite as 0 lines' '
 	git diff -B --stat --summary >diff &&
 	grep "Bin" diff &&
-	grep "0 insertions.*0 deletions" diff &&
+	test_i18ngrep "0 insertions.*0 deletions" diff &&
 	grep " rewrite file" diff
 '
 
 {
 	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH"
 	cat <<'EOF'
-perl -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
+"$PERL_PATH" -e '$/ = undef; $_ = <>; s/./ord($&)/ge; print $_' < "$1"
 EOF
 } >dump
 chmod +x dump
diff --git a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
index c374aa4..40ab333 100755
--- a/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
+++ b/t/t4034-diff-words.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='word diff colors'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/diff-lib.sh
 
 cat >pre.simple <<-\EOF
 	h(4)
@@ -293,12 +294,18 @@
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain --word-diff=none
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'unset default driver' '
+	test_unconfig diff.wordregex
+'
+
+test_language_driver ada
 test_language_driver bibtex
 test_language_driver cpp
 test_language_driver csharp
 test_language_driver fortran
 test_language_driver html
 test_language_driver java
+test_language_driver matlab
 test_language_driver objc
 test_language_driver pascal
 test_language_driver perl
@@ -333,4 +340,49 @@
 	word_diff --word-diff=plain
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'word-diff with no newline at EOF' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	diff --git a/pre b/post
+	index 7bf316e..3dd0303 100644
+	--- a/pre
+	+++ b/post
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	a a [-a-]{+ab+} a a
+	EOF
+	printf "%s" "a a a a a" >pre &&
+	printf "%s" "a a ab a a" >post &&
+	word_diff --word-diff=plain
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup history with two files' '
+	echo "a b; c" >a.tex &&
+	echo "a b; c" >z.txt &&
+	git add a.tex z.txt &&
+	git commit -minitial &&
+
+	# modify both
+	echo "a bx; c" >a.tex &&
+	echo "a bx; c" >z.txt &&
+	git commit -mmodified -a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wordRegex for the first file does not apply to the second' '
+	echo "*.tex diff=tex" >.gitattributes &&
+	git config diff.tex.wordRegex "[a-z]+|." &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+		diff --git a/a.tex b/a.tex
+		--- a/a.tex
+		+++ b/a.tex
+		@@ -1 +1 @@
+		a [-b-]{+bx+}; c
+		diff --git a/z.txt b/z.txt
+		--- a/z.txt
+		+++ b/z.txt
+		@@ -1 +1 @@
+		a [-b;-]{+bx;+} c
+	EOF
+	git diff --word-diff HEAD~ >actual &&
+	compare_diff_patch expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4034/ada/expect b/t/t4034/ada/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be2376e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ada/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index d96fdd1..df21bb0 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,13 +1,13 @@<RESET>
+Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Hello World<RED>!<RESET><GREEN>?<RESET>");
+1 1e<RED>-<RESET>10 16#FE12#E2 3.141_592 '<RED>x<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>'
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>**<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>(<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>)
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>:=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/= <RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>,<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>=><RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET>..<RED>b<RESET>
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
+<GREEN>x<RESET><><RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>
diff --git a/t/t4034/ada/post b/t/t4034/ada/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..df21bb0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ada/post
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Hello World?");
+1 1e10 16#FE12#E2 3.141_592 'y'
+x+y x-y
+x*y x/y
+x**y
+x(y)
+x:=y
+x=y x/= y
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y
+x,y
+x=>y
+x..y
+x<>y
diff --git a/t/t4034/ada/pre b/t/t4034/ada/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d96fdd1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/ada/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+Ada.Text_IO.Put_Line("Hello World!");
+1 1e-10 16#FE12#E2 3.141_592 'x'
+a+b a-b
+a*b a/b
+a**b
+a(b)
+a:=b
+a=b a/= b
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b
+a,b
+a=>b
+a..b
+a<>b
diff --git a/t/t4034/matlab/expect b/t/t4034/matlab/expect
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..72cf3e9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/matlab/expect
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<BOLD>diff --git a/pre b/post<RESET>
+<BOLD>index dc204db..70e05f0 100644<RESET>
+<BOLD>--- a/pre<RESET>
+<BOLD>+++ b/post<RESET>
+<CYAN>@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@<RESET>
+(<RED>1<RESET><GREEN>0<RESET>) (<RED>-1e10<RESET><GREEN>-0e10<RESET>) '<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>';
+[<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>] {<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>} <RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>.<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
+~<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>;
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.*<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>/<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>./<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>^<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.^<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.\<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>.';
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>+<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>-<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>&<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>&&<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>|<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>||<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET><<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET><=<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>><RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>>=<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>==<RED>b a<RESET><GREEN>y x<RESET>~=<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
+<RED>a<RESET><GREEN>x<RESET>,<RED>b<RESET><GREEN>y<RESET>;
diff --git a/t/t4034/matlab/post b/t/t4034/matlab/post
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..70e05f0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/matlab/post
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(0) (-0e10) 'y';
+[x] {x} x.y;
+~x;
+x*y x.*y x/y x./y x^y x.^y x.\y x.';
+x+y x-y;
+x&y x&&y x|y x||y;
+x<y x<=y x>y x>=y;
+x==y x~=y;
+x,y;
diff --git a/t/t4034/matlab/pre b/t/t4034/matlab/pre
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..dc204db
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4034/matlab/pre
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+(1) (-1e10) 'b';
+[a] {a} a.b;
+~a;
+a*b a.*b a/b a./b a^b a.^b a.\b a.';
+a+b a-b;
+a&b a&&b a|b a||b;
+a<b a<=b a>b a>=b;
+a==b a~=b;
+a,b;
diff --git a/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
index e747e84..231412d 100755
--- a/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
+++ b/t/t4035-diff-quiet.sh
@@ -10,71 +10,142 @@
 	git commit -m first &&
 	echo 2 >b &&
 	git add . &&
-	git commit -a -m second
+	git commit -a -m second &&
+	mkdir -p test-outside/repo && (
+		cd test-outside/repo &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "1 1" >a &&
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -m 1
+	) &&
+	mkdir -p test-outside/non/git && (
+		cd test-outside/non/git &&
+		echo "1 1" >a &&
+		echo "1 1" >matching-file &&
+		echo "1 1 " >trailing-space &&
+		echo "1   1" >extra-space &&
+		echo "2" >never-match
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD' '
 	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD >cnt
-	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- a' '
 	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD -- a >cnt
-	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 0 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
 	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
-	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 # this diff outputs one line: sha1 of the given head
 test_expect_success 'echo HEAD | git diff-tree --stdin' '
 	echo $(git rev-parse HEAD) | git diff-tree --quiet --stdin >cnt
-	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 1
+	test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 1 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree HEAD HEAD' '
 	git diff-tree --quiet HEAD HEAD >cnt
-	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 0 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
 	git diff-files --quiet >cnt
-	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 0 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
 	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD >cnt
-	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 0 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
 	git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD^ >cnt
-	test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD^' '
 	echo text >>b &&
 	echo 3 >c &&
 	git add . && {
 		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD^ >cnt
-		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+		test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 	}
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
 	git commit -m "text in b" && {
 		git diff-tree --quiet -Stext HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
-		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+		test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 	}
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-tree -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b' '
 	git diff-tree --quiet -Snot-found HEAD^ HEAD -- b >cnt
-	test $? = 0 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+	test $? = 0 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-files' '
 	echo 3 >>c && {
 		git diff-files --quiet >cnt
-		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+		test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 	}
 '
 test_expect_success 'git diff-index --cached HEAD' '
 	git update-index c && {
 		git diff-index --quiet --cached HEAD >cnt
-		test $? = 1 && test $(wc -l <cnt) = 0
+		test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 0 cnt
 	}
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git diff, one file outside repo' '
+	(
+		cd test-outside/repo &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet a ../non/git/matching-file &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet a ../non/git/extra-space
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff, both files outside repo' '
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/test-outside" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd test-outside/non/git &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet a matching-file &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet a extra-space
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --ignore-space-at-eol, one file outside repo' '
+	(
+		cd test-outside/repo &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-space-at-eol a ../non/git/trailing-space &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet --ignore-space-at-eol a ../non/git/extra-space
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --ignore-space-at-eol, both files outside repo' '
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/test-outside" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd test-outside/non/git &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-space-at-eol a trailing-space &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet --ignore-space-at-eol a extra-space
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --ignore-all-space, one file outside repo' '
+	(
+		cd test-outside/repo &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a ../non/git/trailing-space &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a ../non/git/extra-space &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a ../non/git/never-match
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --ignore-all-space, both files outside repo' '
+	(
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/test-outside" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		cd test-outside/non/git &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a trailing-space &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a extra-space &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git diff --quiet --ignore-all-space a never-match
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
index bf9a752..32d4a60 100755
--- a/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
+++ b/t/t4041-diff-submodule-option.sh
@@ -11,18 +11,18 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 add_file () {
-	sm=$1
-	shift
-	owd=$(pwd)
-	cd "$sm"
-	for name; do
-		echo "$name" > "$name" &&
-		git add "$name" &&
-		test_tick &&
-		git commit -m "Add $name"
-	done >/dev/null
-	git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7
-	cd "$owd"
+	(
+		cd "$1" &&
+		shift &&
+		for name
+		do
+			echo "$name" >"$name" &&
+			git add "$name" &&
+			test_tick &&
+			git commit -m "Add $name" || exit
+		done >/dev/null &&
+		git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD
+	)
 }
 commit_file () {
 	test_tick &&
@@ -33,92 +33,133 @@
 add_file . foo >/dev/null
 
 head1=$(add_file sm1 foo1 foo2)
+fullhead1=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 
-test_expect_success 'added submodule' "
+test_expect_success 'added submodule' '
 	git add sm1 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'added submodule, set diff.submodule' '
+	git config diff.submodule log &&
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff --cached >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head1 (new submodule)
+	EOF
+	git config --unset diff.submodule &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--submodule=short overrides diff.submodule' '
+	test_config diff.submodule log &&
+	git add sm1 &&
+	git diff --submodule=short --cached >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 160000
+	index 0000000..$head1
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.submodule does not affect plumbing' '
+	test_config diff.submodule log &&
+	git diff-index -p HEAD >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 160000
+	index 0000000..$head1
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
 head2=$(add_file sm1 foo3)
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
-  > Add foo3
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	  > Add foo3
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward)' '
 	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
-  > Add foo3
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	  > Add foo3
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule' '
 	git diff --submodule >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
-  > Add foo3
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head1..$head2:
+	  > Add foo3
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-fullhead1=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head1)
-fullhead2=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head2)
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule=short' "
+fullhead2=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(forward) --submodule=short' '
 	git diff --submodule=short >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-index $head1..$head2 160000
---- a/sm1
-+++ b/sm1
-@@ -1 +1 @@
--Subproject commit $fullhead1
-+Subproject commit $fullhead2
-EOF
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	index $head1..$head2 160000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -1 +1 @@
+	-Subproject commit $fullhead1
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead2
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
 head3=$(
 	cd sm1 &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD~2 >/dev/null &&
-	git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7
+	git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD
 )
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward)' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head2..$head3 (rewind):
-  < Add foo3
-  < Add foo2
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head2..$head3 (rewind):
+	  < Add foo3
+	  < Add foo2
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5) &&
-head4_full=$(GIT_DIR=sm1/.git git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' "
+head4=$(add_file sm1 foo4 foo5)
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule(backward and forward)' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head2...$head4:
-  > Add foo5
-  > Add foo4
-  < Add foo3
-  < Add foo2
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head2...$head4:
+	  > Add foo5
+	  > Add foo4
+	  < Add foo3
+	  < Add foo2
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
 mv sm1 sm1-bak &&
@@ -128,319 +169,319 @@
 rm -f sm1 &&
 mv sm1-bak sm1
 
-test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' "
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob), --cached' '
 	git diff --submodule=log --cached >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 41fbea9...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..9da5fb8
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/sm1
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+sm1
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..$head5
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+sm1
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' '
 	git diff --submodule=log >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-deleted file mode 100644
-index 9da5fb8..0000000
---- a/sm1
-+++ /dev/null
-@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--sm1
-Submodule sm1 0000000...$head4 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index $head5..0000000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-sm1
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head4 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 rm -rf sm1 &&
 git checkout-index sm1
-test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' "
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(submodule->blob)' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-new file mode 100644
-index 0000000..$head5
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/sm1
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+sm1
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	new file mode 100644
+	index 0000000..$head5
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm1
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+sm1
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 rm -f sm1 &&
 test_create_repo sm1 &&
 head6=$(add_file sm1 foo6 foo7)
-fullhead6=$(cd sm1; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head6)
-test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' "
+fullhead6=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
+test_expect_success 'nonexistent commit' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head4...$head6 (commits not present)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head4...$head6 (commits not present)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 commit_file
-test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' "
+test_expect_success 'typechanged submodule(blob->submodule)' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-deleted file mode 100644
-index $head5..0000000
---- a/sm1
-+++ /dev/null
-@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--sm1
-Submodule sm1 0000000...$head6 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	deleted file mode 100644
+	index $head5..0000000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-sm1
+	Submodule sm1 0000000...$head6 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 commit_file sm1 &&
-test_expect_success 'submodule is up to date' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule is up to date' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-EOF
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content' '
 	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' '
 	echo new > sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule contains modifed content' "
+test_expect_success 'submodule contains modifed content' '
 	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 (cd sm1; git commit -mchange foo6 >/dev/null) &&
-head8=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --verify HEAD | cut -c1-7) &&
-test_expect_success 'submodule is modified' "
+head8=$(cd sm1; git rev-parse --short --verify HEAD) &&
+test_expect_success 'submodule is modified' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content' '
 	echo new > sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (untracked ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (dirty ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked content (all ignored)' '
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=all --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content' '
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains untracked content
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (untracked ignored)' '
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=untracked --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (dirty ignored)' '
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules=dirty --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains untracked and modifed content (all ignored)' '
 	echo modification >> sm1/foo6 &&
 	git diff-index -p --ignore-submodules --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	! test -s actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains modifed content' "
+test_expect_success 'modified submodule contains modifed content' '
 	rm -f sm1/new-file &&
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 contains modified content
-Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
-  > change
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 contains modified content
+	Submodule sm1 $head6..$head8:
+	  > change
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 rm -rf sm1
-test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' "
+test_expect_success 'deleted submodule' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 test_create_repo sm2 &&
 head7=$(add_file sm2 foo8 foo9) &&
 git add sm2
 
-test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' "
+test_expect_success 'multiple submodules' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'path filter' "
+test_expect_success 'path filter' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD sm2 >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 commit_file sm2
-test_expect_success 'given commit' "
+test_expect_success 'given commit' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=log HEAD^ >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule' "
+test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule HEAD^ >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
-fullhead7=$(cd sm2; git rev-list --max-count=1 $head7)
+fullhead7=$(cd sm2; git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 
-test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule=short' "
+test_expect_success 'given commit --submodule=short' '
 	git diff-index -p --submodule=short HEAD^ >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
-deleted file mode 160000
-index $head6..0000000
---- a/sm1
-+++ /dev/null
-@@ -1 +0,0 @@
--Subproject commit $fullhead6
-diff --git a/sm2 b/sm2
-new file mode 160000
-index 0000000..$head7
---- /dev/null
-+++ b/sm2
-@@ -0,0 +1 @@
-+Subproject commit $fullhead7
-EOF
+	diff --git a/sm1 b/sm1
+	deleted file mode 160000
+	index $head6..0000000
+	--- a/sm1
+	+++ /dev/null
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-Subproject commit $fullhead6
+	diff --git a/sm2 b/sm2
+	new file mode 160000
+	index 0000000..$head7
+	--- /dev/null
+	+++ b/sm2
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+Subproject commit $fullhead7
+	EOF
 	test_cmp expected actual
-"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'setup .git file for sm2' '
 	(cd sm2 &&
@@ -452,9 +493,43 @@
 test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with .git file' '
 	git diff --submodule HEAD^ >actual &&
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
-Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
-Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
-EOF
+	Submodule sm1 $head6...0000000 (submodule deleted)
+	Submodule sm2 0000000...$head7 (new submodule)
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff --submodule with objects referenced by alternates' '
+	mkdir sub_alt &&
+	(cd sub_alt &&
+		git init &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		git add a &&
+		git commit -m a
+	) &&
+	mkdir super &&
+	(cd super &&
+		git clone -s ../sub_alt sub &&
+		git init &&
+		git add sub &&
+		git commit -m "sub a"
+	) &&
+	(cd sub_alt &&
+		sha1_before=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+		echo b >b &&
+		git add b &&
+		git commit -m b
+		sha1_after=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
+		echo "Submodule sub $sha1_before..$sha1_after:
+  > b" >../expected
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+		(cd sub &&
+			git fetch &&
+			git checkout origin/master
+		) &&
+		git diff --submodule > ../actual
+	)
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
index 91f8198..04a44d5 100755
--- a/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
+++ b/t/t4042-diff-textconv-caching.sh
@@ -106,4 +106,12 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+# The point here is to test that we can log the notes cache and still use it to
+# produce a diff later (older versions of git would segfault on this). It's
+# much more likely to come up in the real world with "log --all -p", but using
+# --no-walk lets us reliably reproduce the order of traversal.
+test_expect_success 'log notes cache and still use cache for -p' '
+	git log --no-walk -p refs/notes/textconv/magic HEAD
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4043-diff-rename-binary.sh b/t/t4043-diff-rename-binary.sh
index 0601281..2a2cf91 100755
--- a/t/t4043-diff-rename-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4043-diff-rename-binary.sh
@@ -23,9 +23,8 @@
 '
 
 cat > expected <<\EOF
- bar => sub/bar |  Bin 5 -> 5 bytes
- foo => sub/foo |    0
- 2 files changed, 0 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+-	-	bar => sub/bar
+0	0	foo => sub/foo
 
 diff --git a/bar b/sub/bar
 similarity index 100%
@@ -38,7 +37,8 @@
 EOF
 
 test_expect_success 'git show -C -C report renames' '
-	git show -C -C --raw --binary --stat | tail -n 12 > current &&
+	git show -C -C --raw --binary --numstat >patch-with-stat &&
+	tail -n 11 patch-with-stat >current &&
 	test_cmp expected current
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
index 8a3c63b..3950f50 100755
--- a/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
+++ b/t/t4045-diff-relative.sh
@@ -29,15 +29,27 @@
 "
 }
 
+check_numstat() {
+expect=$1; shift
+cat >expected <<EOF
+1	0	$expect
+EOF
+test_expect_success "--numstat $*" "
+	echo '1	0	$expect' >expected &&
+	git diff --numstat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+"
+}
+
 check_stat() {
 expect=$1; shift
 cat >expected <<EOF
- $expect |    1 +
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ $expect | 1 +
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
 EOF
 test_expect_success "--stat $*" "
 	git diff --stat $* HEAD^ >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 "
 }
 
@@ -52,7 +64,7 @@
 "
 }
 
-for type in diff stat raw; do
+for type in diff numstat stat raw; do
 	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir/
 	check_$type file2 --relative=subdir
 	check_$type dir/file2 --relative=sub
diff --git a/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh b/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
index 29e80a5..ed7e093 100755
--- a/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
+++ b/t/t4047-diff-dirstat.sh
@@ -252,50 +252,47 @@
 '
 
 cat <<EOF >expect_diff_stat
- changed/text             |    2 +-
- dst/copy/changed/text    |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/copy/rearranged/text |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/copy/unchanged/text  |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/move/changed/text    |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/move/rearranged/text |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/move/unchanged/text  |   10 ++++++++++
- rearranged/text          |    2 +-
- src/move/changed/text    |   10 ----------
- src/move/rearranged/text |   10 ----------
- src/move/unchanged/text  |   10 ----------
- 11 files changed, 62 insertions(+), 32 deletions(-)
+1	1	changed/text
+10	0	dst/copy/changed/text
+10	0	dst/copy/rearranged/text
+10	0	dst/copy/unchanged/text
+10	0	dst/move/changed/text
+10	0	dst/move/rearranged/text
+10	0	dst/move/unchanged/text
+1	1	rearranged/text
+0	10	src/move/changed/text
+0	10	src/move/rearranged/text
+0	10	src/move/unchanged/text
 EOF
 
 cat <<EOF >expect_diff_stat_M
- changed/text                      |    2 +-
- dst/copy/changed/text             |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/copy/rearranged/text          |   10 ++++++++++
- dst/copy/unchanged/text           |   10 ++++++++++
- {src => dst}/move/changed/text    |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/move/rearranged/text |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/move/unchanged/text  |    0
- rearranged/text                   |    2 +-
- 8 files changed, 34 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)
+1	1	changed/text
+10	0	dst/copy/changed/text
+10	0	dst/copy/rearranged/text
+10	0	dst/copy/unchanged/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/move/changed/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/move/rearranged/text
+0	0	{src => dst}/move/unchanged/text
+1	1	rearranged/text
 EOF
 
 cat <<EOF >expect_diff_stat_CC
- changed/text                      |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/copy/changed/text    |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/copy/rearranged/text |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/copy/unchanged/text  |    0
- {src => dst}/move/changed/text    |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/move/rearranged/text |    2 +-
- {src => dst}/move/unchanged/text  |    0
- rearranged/text                   |    2 +-
- 8 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)
+1	1	changed/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/copy/changed/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/copy/rearranged/text
+0	0	{src => dst}/copy/unchanged/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/move/changed/text
+1	1	{src => dst}/move/rearranged/text
+0	0	{src => dst}/move/unchanged/text
+1	1	rearranged/text
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'sanity check setup (--stat)' '
-	git diff --stat HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat &&
+test_expect_success 'sanity check setup (--numstat)' '
+	git diff --numstat HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat &&
 	test_cmp expect_diff_stat actual_diff_stat &&
-	git diff --stat -M HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat_M &&
+	git diff --numstat -M HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat_M &&
 	test_cmp expect_diff_stat_M actual_diff_stat_M &&
-	git diff --stat -C -C HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat_CC &&
+	git diff --numstat -C -C HEAD^..HEAD >actual_diff_stat_CC &&
 	test_cmp expect_diff_stat_CC actual_diff_stat_CC
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4049-diff-stat-count.sh b/t/t4049-diff-stat-count.sh
index 641e70d..5b594e8 100755
--- a/t/t4049-diff-stat-count.sh
+++ b/t/t4049-diff-stat-count.sh
@@ -4,22 +4,65 @@
 test_description='diff --stat-count'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-test_expect_success setup '
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	>a &&
 	>b &&
 	>c &&
 	>d &&
 	git add a b c d &&
-	chmod +x c d &&
+	git commit -m initial
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mode-only change show as a 0-line change' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_chmod +x b d &&
 	echo a >a &&
-	echo b >b &&
+	echo c >c &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF
-	 a |    1 +
-	 b |    1 +
-	 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+	 a | 1 +
+	 b | 0
+	 ...
+	 4 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
+	EOF
+	git diff --stat --stat-count=2 HEAD >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'binary changes do not count in lines' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo a >a &&
+	echo c >c &&
+	cat "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/test-binary-1.png >d &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF
+	 a | 1 +
+	 c | 1 +
+	 ...
+	 3 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
 	EOF
 	git diff --stat --stat-count=2 >actual &&
-	test_cmp expect actual
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exclude unmerged entries from total file count' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo a >a &&
+	echo b >b &&
+	git ls-files -s a >x &&
+	git rm -f d &&
+	for stage in 1 2 3
+	do
+		sed -e "s/ 0	a/ $stage	d/" x
+	done |
+	git update-index --index-info &&
+	echo d >d &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF
+	 a | 1 +
+	 b | 1 +
+	 ...
+	 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+)
+	EOF
+	git diff --stat --stat-count=2 >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh b/t/t4051-diff-function-context.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
diff --git a/t/t4052-stat-output.sh b/t/t4052-stat-output.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b68afef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4052-stat-output.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,336 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Zbigniew Jędrzejewski-Szmek
+#
+
+test_description='test --stat output of various commands'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
+
+# 120 character name
+name=aaaaaaaaaa
+name=$name$name$name$name$name$name$name$name$name$name$name$name
+test_expect_success 'preparation' '
+	>"$name" &&
+	git add "$name" &&
+	git commit -m message &&
+	echo a >"$name" &&
+	git commit -m message "$name"
+'
+
+while read cmd args
+do
+	cat >expect <<-'EOF'
+	 ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "$cmd: small change with long name gives more space to the name" '
+		git $cmd $args >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	cat >expect <<-'EOF'
+	 ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=width: a long name is given more room when the bar is short" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat=40 >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-width=width with long name" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-width=40 >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	cat >expect <<-'EOF'
+	 ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1 +
+	EOF
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=...,name-width with long name" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat=60,30 >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-name-width with long name" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-name-width=30 >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+format-patch -1 --stdout
+diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+show --stat
+log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+
+test_expect_success 'preparation for big change tests' '
+	>abcd &&
+	git add abcd &&
+	git commit -m message &&
+	i=0 &&
+	while test $i -lt 1000
+	do
+		echo $i && i=$(($i + 1))
+	done >abcd &&
+	git commit -m message abcd
+'
+
+cat >expect80 <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect80-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect200 <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect200-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read verb expect cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd $verb COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect" actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+respects expect200 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+respects expect200 show --stat
+respects expect200 log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+cat >expect40 <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect40-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read verb expect cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd $verb not enough COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=40 git $cmd $args >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect" actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb not enough COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=40 git $cmd $args --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+respects expect40 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+respects expect40 show --stat
+respects expect40 log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+cat >expect40 <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect40-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read verb expect cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd $verb statGraphWidth config" '
+		git -c diff.statGraphWidth=26 $cmd $args >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect" actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb statGraphWidth config" '
+		git -c diff.statGraphWidth=26 $cmd $args --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+respects expect40 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+respects expect40 show --stat
+respects expect40 log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect-graph <<'EOF'
+|  abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=width with big change" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat=40 >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-width=width with big change" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-width=40 >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-graph-width with big change" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-graph-width=26 >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-width=width --graph with big change" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-width=40 --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect-graph actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat-graph-width --graph with big change" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-graph-width=26 --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect-graph actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+format-patch -1 --stdout
+diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+show --stat
+log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'preparation for long filename tests' '
+	cp abcd aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa &&
+	git add aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa &&
+	git commit -m message
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+ ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect-graph <<'EOF'
+|  ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=width with big change is more balanced" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-width=60 >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --stat=width --graph with big change is balanced" '
+		git $cmd $args --stat-width=60 --graph >output &&
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect-graph actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+format-patch -1 --stdout
+diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+show --stat
+log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+cat >expect80 <<'EOF'
+ ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect80-graph <<'EOF'
+|  ...aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect200 <<'EOF'
+ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect200-graph <<'EOF'
+|  aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+while read verb expect cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success "$cmd $verb COLUMNS (long filename)" '
+		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect" actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success "$cmd --graph $verb COLUMNS (long filename)" '
+		COLUMNS=200 git $cmd $args --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+respects expect200 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+respects expect200 show --stat
+respects expect200 log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+cat >expect1 <<'EOF'
+ ...aaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++
+EOF
+cat >expect1-graph <<'EOF'
+|  ...aaaaaaa | 1000 ++++++
+EOF
+while read verb expect cmd args
+do
+	test_expect_success COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1 \
+		"$cmd $verb prefix greater than COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=1 git $cmd $args >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect" actual
+	'
+
+	test "$cmd" != diff || continue
+
+	test_expect_success COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1 \
+		"$cmd --graph $verb prefix greater than COLUMNS (big change)" '
+		COLUMNS=1 git $cmd $args --graph >output
+		grep " | " output >actual &&
+		test_cmp "$expect-graph" actual
+	'
+done <<\EOF
+ignores expect80 format-patch -1 --stdout
+respects expect1 diff HEAD^ HEAD --stat
+respects expect1 show --stat
+respects expect1 log -1 --stat
+EOF
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+ abcd | 1000 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'merge --stat respects COLUMNS (big change)' '
+	git checkout -b branch HEAD^^ &&
+	COLUMNS=100 git merge --stat --no-ff master^ >output &&
+	grep " | " output >actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<'EOF'
+ aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa | 1000 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'merge --stat respects COLUMNS (long filename)' '
+	COLUMNS=100 git merge --stat --no-ff master >output &&
+	grep " | " output >actual
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh b/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..979e983
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4053-diff-no-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='diff --no-index'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	mkdir a &&
+	mkdir b &&
+	echo 1 >a/1 &&
+	echo 2 >a/2 &&
+	git init repo &&
+	echo 1 >repo/a &&
+	mkdir -p non/git &&
+	echo 1 >non/git/a &&
+	echo 1 >non/git/b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --no-index directories' '
+	git diff --no-index a b >cnt
+	test $? = 1 && test_line_count = 14 cnt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git diff --no-index relative path outside repo' '
+	(
+		cd repo &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --no-index a ../non/git/a &&
+		test_expect_code 0 git diff --no-index ../non/git/a ../non/git/b
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh b/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0843c87
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4054-diff-bogus-tree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,83 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test diff with a bogus tree containing the null sha1'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+empty_tree=4b825dc642cb6eb9a060e54bf8d69288fbee4904
+
+test_expect_success 'create bogus tree' '
+	bogus_tree=$(
+		printf "100644 fooQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQQ" |
+		q_to_nul |
+		git hash-object -w --stdin -t tree
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create tree with matching file' '
+	echo bar >foo &&
+	git add foo &&
+	good_tree=$(git write-tree)
+	blob=$(git rev-parse :foo)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (addition)' '
+	echo ":000000 100644 $_z40 $_z40 A	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $empty_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (removal)' '
+	echo ":100644 000000 $_z40 $_z40 D	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $bogus_tree $empty_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (modification)' '
+	echo ":100644 100644 $blob $_z40 M	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $good_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (other direction)' '
+	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree $bogus_tree $good_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (reverse)' '
+	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-tree -R $good_tree $bogus_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'raw diff shows null sha1 (index)' '
+	echo ":100644 100644 $_z40 $blob M	foo" >expect &&
+	git diff-index $bogus_tree >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (addition)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $empty_tree $bogus_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (removal)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $bogus_tree $empty_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (modification)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $good_tree $bogus_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (other direction)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -p $bogus_tree $good_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (reverse)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-tree -R -p $good_tree $bogus_tree
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'patch fails due to bogus sha1 (index)' '
+	test_must_fail git diff-index -p $bogus_tree
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4055-diff-context.sh b/t/t4055-diff-context.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..97172b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4055-diff-context.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Mozilla Foundation
+#
+
+test_description='diff.context configuration'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	cat >template <<-\EOF &&
+	firstline
+	b
+	c
+	d
+	e
+	f
+	preline
+	TARGET
+	postline
+	i
+	j
+	k
+	l
+	m
+	n
+	EOF
+	sed "/TARGET/d" >x <template &&
+	git update-index --add x &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	sed "s/TARGET/ADDED/" >x <template &&
+	git update-index --add x &&
+	git commit -m next &&
+
+	sed "s/TARGET/MODIFIED/" >x <template
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'the default number of context lines is 3' '
+	git diff >output &&
+	! grep "^ d" output &&
+	grep "^ e" output &&
+	grep "^ j" output &&
+	! grep "^ k" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.context honored by "log"' '
+	git log -1 -p >output &&
+	! grep firstline output &&
+	git config diff.context 8 &&
+	git log -1 -p >output &&
+	grep "^ firstline" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'The -U option overrides diff.context' '
+	git config diff.context 8 &&
+	git log -U4 -1 >output &&
+	! grep "^ firstline" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff.context honored by "diff"' '
+	git config diff.context 8 &&
+	git diff >output &&
+	grep "^ firstline" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'plumbing not affected' '
+	git config diff.context 8 &&
+	git diff-files -p >output &&
+	! grep "^ firstline" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'non-integer config parsing' '
+	git config diff.context no &&
+	test_must_fail git diff 2>output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "bad config value" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'negative integer config parsing' '
+	git config diff.context -1 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff 2>output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "bad config file" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-U0 is valid, so is diff.context=0' '
+	git config diff.context 0 &&
+	git diff >output &&
+	grep "^-ADDED" output &&
+	grep "^+MODIFIED" output
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
index 9b433de..744b8e5 100755
--- a/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
+++ b/t/t4100-apply-stat.sh
@@ -17,13 +17,13 @@
 	test_expect_success "$title" '
 		git apply --stat --summary \
 			<"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4100/t-apply-$num.patch" >current &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
+		test_i18ncmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
 	'
 
 	test_expect_success "$title with recount" '
 		sed -e "$UNC" <"$TEST_DIRECTORY/t4100/t-apply-$num.patch" |
 		git apply --recount --stat --summary >current &&
-		test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
+		test_i18ncmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t4100/t-apply-$num.expect current
 	'
 done <<\EOF
 rename
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect
index eef7f2e..55a55c3 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-8.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
  t/t4100-apply-stat.sh |    2 +-
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect
index eef7f2e..55a55c3 100644
--- a/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect
+++ b/t/t4100/t-apply-9.expect
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
  t/t4100-apply-stat.sh |    2 +-
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
diff --git a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
index dbbf56c..b1b906b 100755
--- a/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t4103-apply-binary.sh
@@ -8,30 +8,28 @@
 '
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-# setup
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	cat >file1 <<-\EOF &&
+	A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
+	A tiny little penguin runs around in circles.
+	There is a flag with Linux written on it.
+	A slow black-and-white panda just sits there,
+	munching on his bamboo.
+	EOF
+	cat file1 >file2 &&
+	cat file1 >file4 &&
 
-cat >file1 <<EOF
-A quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
-A tiny little penguin runs around in circles.
-There is a flag with Linux written on it.
-A slow black-and-white panda just sits there,
-munching on his bamboo.
-EOF
-cat file1 >file2
-cat file1 >file4
-
-test_expect_success 'setup' "
 	git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file4 &&
-	git commit -m 'Initial Version' 2>/dev/null &&
+	git commit -m "Initial Version" 2>/dev/null &&
 
 	git checkout -b binary &&
-	perl -pe 'y/x/\000/' <file1 >file3 &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/x/\000/" <file1 >file3 &&
 	cat file3 >file4 &&
 	git add file2 &&
-	perl -pe 'y/\000/v/' <file3 >file1 &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/\000/v/" <file3 >file1 &&
 	rm -f file2 &&
 	git update-index --add --remove file1 file2 file3 file4 &&
-	git commit -m 'Second Version' &&
+	git commit -m "Second Version" &&
 
 	git diff-tree -p master binary >B.diff &&
 	git diff-tree -p -C master binary >C.diff &&
@@ -42,17 +40,25 @@
 	git diff-tree -p --full-index master binary >B-index.diff &&
 	git diff-tree -p -C --full-index master binary >C-index.diff &&
 
+	git diff-tree -p --binary --no-prefix master binary -- file3 >B0.diff &&
+
 	git init other-repo &&
-	(cd other-repo &&
-	 git fetch .. master &&
-	 git reset --hard FETCH_HEAD
+	(
+		cd other-repo &&
+		git fetch .. master &&
+		git reset --hard FETCH_HEAD
 	)
-"
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff -- should not fail.' \
 	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --stat --summary B.diff'
 
+test_expect_success 'stat binary -p0 diff -- should not fail.' '
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git apply --stat -p0 B0.diff
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'stat binary diff (copy) -- should not fail.' \
 	'git checkout master &&
 	 git apply --stat --summary C.diff'
@@ -143,4 +149,10 @@
 	 git apply --allow-binary-replacement --index CF.diff &&
 	 test -z "$(git diff --name-status binary)"'
 
+test_expect_success 'apply binary -p0 diff' '
+	do_reset &&
+	git apply -p0 --index B0.diff &&
+	test -z "$(git diff --name-status binary -- file3)"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh b/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..fa5d4ef
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4108-apply-threeway.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,157 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply --3way'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+create_file () {
+	for i
+	do
+		echo "$i"
+	done
+}
+
+sanitize_conflicted_diff () {
+	sed -e '
+		/^index /d
+		s/^\(+[<>][<>][<>][<>]*\) .*/\1/
+	'
+}
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	test_tick &&
+	create_file >one 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 &&
+	cat one >two &&
+	git add one two &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	git branch side &&
+
+	test_tick &&
+	create_file >one 1 two 3 4 5 six 7 &&
+	create_file >two 1 two 3 4 5 6 7 &&
+	git commit -a -m master &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	create_file >one 1 2 3 4 five 6 7 &&
+	create_file >two 1 2 3 4 five 6 7 &&
+	git commit -a -m side &&
+
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply without --3way' '
+	git diff side^ side >P.diff &&
+
+	# should fail to apply
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --index P.diff &&
+	# should leave things intact
+	git diff-files --exit-code &&
+	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply with --3way' '
+	# Merging side should be similar to applying this patch
+	git diff ...side >P.diff &&
+
+	# The corresponding conflicted merge
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-commit side &&
+	git ls-files -s >expect.ls &&
+	git diff HEAD | sanitize_conflicted_diff >expect.diff &&
+
+	# should fail to apply
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --index --3way P.diff &&
+	git ls-files -s >actual.ls &&
+	git diff HEAD | sanitize_conflicted_diff >actual.diff &&
+
+	# The result should resemble the corresponding merge
+	test_cmp expect.ls actual.ls &&
+	test_cmp expect.diff actual.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply with --3way with rerere enabled' '
+	git config rerere.enabled true &&
+
+	# Merging side should be similar to applying this patch
+	git diff ...side >P.diff &&
+
+	# The corresponding conflicted merge
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-commit side &&
+
+	# Manually resolve and record the resolution
+	create_file 1 two 3 4 five six 7 >one &&
+	git rerere &&
+	cat one >expect &&
+
+	# should fail to apply
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --index --3way P.diff &&
+
+	# but rerere should have replayed the recorded resolution
+	test_cmp expect one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply -3 with add/add conflict setup' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+
+	git checkout -b adder &&
+	create_file 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 >three &&
+	create_file 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 >four &&
+	git add three four &&
+	git commit -m "add three and four" &&
+
+	git checkout -b another adder^ &&
+	create_file 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 >three &&
+	create_file 1 2 3 four 5 6 7 >four &&
+	git add three four &&
+	git commit -m "add three and four" &&
+
+	# Merging another should be similar to applying this patch
+	git diff adder...another >P.diff &&
+
+	git checkout adder^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git merge --no-commit another &&
+	git ls-files -s >expect.ls &&
+	git diff HEAD | sanitize_conflicted_diff >expect.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply -3 with add/add conflict' '
+	# should fail to apply ...
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout adder^0 &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --index --3way P.diff &&
+	# ... and leave conflicts in the index and in the working tree
+	git ls-files -s >actual.ls &&
+	git diff HEAD | sanitize_conflicted_diff >actual.diff &&
+
+	# The result should resemble the corresponding merge
+	test_cmp expect.ls actual.ls &&
+	test_cmp expect.diff actual.diff
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply -3 with add/add conflict (dirty working tree)' '
+	# should fail to apply ...
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout adder^0 &&
+	echo >>four &&
+	cat four >four.save &&
+	cat three >three.save &&
+	git ls-files -s >expect.ls &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --index --3way P.diff &&
+	# ... and should not touch anything
+	git ls-files -s >actual.ls &&
+	test_cmp expect.ls actual.ls &&
+	test_cmp four.save four &&
+	test_cmp three.save three
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
index 2298ece..fca8153 100755
--- a/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
+++ b/t/t4116-apply-reverse.sh
@@ -12,14 +12,14 @@
 test_expect_success setup '
 
 	for i in a b c d e f g h i j k l m n; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
-	perl -pe "y/ijk/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/ijk/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git add file1 file2 &&
 	git commit -m initial &&
 	git tag initial &&
 
 	for i in a b c g h i J K L m o n p q; do echo $i; done >file1 &&
-	perl -pe "y/mon/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/mon/\\000\\001\\002/" <file1 >file2 &&
 
 	git commit -a -m second &&
 	git tag second &&
diff --git a/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh b/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
index e9ccd16..8e15ecb 100755
--- a/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
+++ b/t/t4117-apply-reject.sh
@@ -46,6 +46,14 @@
 	cat file1 >saved.file1
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'apply --reject is incompatible with --3way' '
+	test_when_finished "cat saved.file1 >file1" &&
+	git diff >patch.0 &&
+	git checkout file1 &&
+	test_must_fail git apply --reject --3way patch.0 &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'apply without --reject should fail' '
 
 	if git apply patch.1
diff --git a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
index a33d510..c5fecdf 100755
--- a/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
+++ b/t/t4120-apply-popt.sh
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'apply with too large -p' '
 	cp file1.saved file1 &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --stat -p3 patch.file 2>err &&
-	grep "removing 3 leading" err
+	test_i18ngrep "removing 3 leading" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply (-p2) traditional diff with funny filenames' '
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'apply with too large -p and fancy filename' '
 	cp file1.saved file1 &&
 	test_must_fail git apply --stat -p3 patch.escaped 2>err &&
-	grep "removing 3 leading" err
+	test_i18ngrep "removing 3 leading" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'apply (-p2) diff, mode change only' '
diff --git a/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
index 94373ca..b1361ce 100755
--- a/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
+++ b/t/t4131-apply-fake-ancestor.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 	test_commit 1 &&
 	test_commit 2 &&
 	mkdir sub &&
-	test_commit 3 sub/3 &&
+	test_commit 3 sub/3.t &&
 	test_commit 4
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
index 94da990..2ecb421 100755
--- a/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
+++ b/t/t4133-apply-filenames.sh
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'apply diff with inconsistent filenames in headers' '
 	test_must_fail git apply bad1.patch 2>err &&
-	grep "inconsistent new filename" err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "inconsistent new filename" err &&
 	test_must_fail git apply bad2.patch 2>err &&
-	grep "inconsistent old filename" err
+	test_i18ngrep "inconsistent old filename" err
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4136-apply-check.sh b/t/t4136-apply-check.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a321f7c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4136-apply-check.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git apply should exit non-zero with unrecognized input.'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit 1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply --check exits non-zero with unrecognized input' '
+	test_must_fail git apply --check - <<-\EOF
+	I am not a patch
+	I look nothing like a patch
+	git apply must fail
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4150-am.sh b/t/t4150-am.sh
index d7d9ccc..cdafd7e 100755
--- a/t/t4150-am.sh
+++ b/t/t4150-am.sh
@@ -123,6 +123,7 @@
 	git commit -m "added another file" &&
 
 	git format-patch --stdout master >lorem-move.patch &&
+	git format-patch --no-prefix --stdout master >lorem-zero.patch &&
 
 	git checkout -b rename &&
 	git mv file renamed &&
@@ -136,7 +137,7 @@
 	git format-patch -M --stdout lorem^ >rename-add.patch &&
 
 	# reset time
-	unset test_tick &&
+	sane_unset test_tick &&
 	test_tick
 '
 
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'am --signoff does not add Signed-off-by: line if already there' '
 	git format-patch --stdout HEAD^ >patch3 &&
-	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2," patch3 >patch4 &&
+	sed -e "/^Subject/ s,\[PATCH,Re: Re: Re: & 1/5 v2] [foo," patch3 >patch4 &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout HEAD^ &&
@@ -259,7 +260,17 @@
 	git am --keep patch4 &&
 	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD >actual &&
-	grep "Re: Re: Re: \[PATCH 1/5 v2\] third" actual
+	grep "Re: Re: Re: \[PATCH 1/5 v2\] \[foo\] third" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'am --keep-non-patch really keeps the non-patch part' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	git am --keep-non-patch patch4 &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git cat-file commit HEAD >actual &&
+	grep "^\[foo\] third" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'am -3 falls back to 3-way merge' '
@@ -276,6 +287,20 @@
 	git diff --exit-code lorem
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am -3 -p0 can read --no-prefix patch' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b lorem3 master2 &&
+	sed -n -e "3,\$p" msg >file &&
+	head -n 9 msg >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "copied stuff" &&
+	git am -3 -p0 lorem-zero.patch &&
+	! test -d .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git diff --exit-code lorem
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'am can rename a file' '
 	grep "^rename from" rename.patch &&
 	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
@@ -495,4 +520,14 @@
 	! test -s output.out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'am empty-file does not infloop' '
+	rm -fr .git/rebase-apply &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	touch empty-file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	test_must_fail git am empty-file 2>actual &&
+	echo Patch format detection failed. >expected &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4200-rerere.sh b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
index 36255d6..7f6666f 100755
--- a/t/t4200-rerere.sh
+++ b/t/t4200-rerere.sh
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@
 	test_might_fail git config --unset rerere.enabled &&
 	test_must_fail git merge first &&
 
-	sha1=$(perl -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
+	sha1=$("$PERL_PATH" -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
 	rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1 &&
 	grep "^=======\$" $rr/preimage &&
 	! test -f $rr/postimage &&
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	test_must_fail git merge first &&
 
-	sha1=$(perl -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
+	sha1=$("$PERL_PATH" -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
 	rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1 &&
 	grep ^=======$ $rr/preimage
 '
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 	git config rerere.enabled true &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	test_must_fail git merge first &&
-	sha1=$(perl -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
+	sha1=$("$PERL_PATH" -pe "s/	.*//" .git/MERGE_RR) &&
 	rr=.git/rr-cache/$sha1
 '
 
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere clear' '
 	rm $rr/postimage &&
-	echo "$sha1	a1" | perl -pe "y/\012/\000/" >.git/MERGE_RR &&
+	echo "$sha1	a1" | "$PERL_PATH" -pe "y/\012/\000/" >.git/MERGE_RR &&
 	git rerere clear &&
 	! test -d $rr
 '
@@ -382,13 +382,13 @@
 	git update-index --index-info <failedmerge &&
 	cp file3.conflict file3 &&
 	test_must_fail git rerere --no-no-rerere-autoupdate 2>err &&
-	grep [Uu]sage err &&
+	test_i18ngrep [Uu]sage err &&
 	test_must_fail git update-index --refresh
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'rerere -h' '
 	test_must_fail git rerere -h >help &&
-	grep [Uu]sage help
+	test_i18ngrep [Uu]sage help
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
index 6872ba1..5493500 100755
--- a/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
+++ b/t/t4201-shortlog.sh
@@ -120,6 +120,30 @@
 	test_cmp expect out
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'shortlog should add newline when input line matches wraplen' '
+	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
+A U Thor (2):
+      bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb: bbbbbbbb bbb bbbb bbbbbbb bb bbbb bbb bbbbb bbbbbb
+      aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa: aaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaa aa aaaa aa aaa
+
+EOF
+	git shortlog -w >out <<\EOF &&
+commit 0000000000000000000000000000000000000001
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700
+
+    aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa: aaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa aaaa aaaaaaaa aa aaaa aa aaa
+
+commit 0000000000000000000000000000000000000002
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+Date:   Thu Apr 7 15:14:13 2005 -0700
+
+    bbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbbb: bbbbbbbb bbb bbbb bbbbbbb bb bbbb bbb bbbbb bbbbbb
+
+EOF
+	test_cmp expect out
+'
+
 iconvfromutf8toiso88591() {
 	printf "%s" "$*" | iconv -f UTF-8 -t ISO8859-1
 }
diff --git a/t/t4202-log.sh b/t/t4202-log.sh
index 983e34b..fa686b8 100755
--- a/t/t4202-log.sh
+++ b/t/t4202-log.sh
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@
   commit.
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'format %w(12,1,2)' '
+test_expect_success 'format %w(11,1,2)' '
 
-	git log -2 --format="%w(12,1,2)This is the %s commit." > actual &&
+	git log -2 --format="%w(11,1,2)This is the %s commit." > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -178,11 +178,21 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git log --no-walk=sorted <commits> sorts by commit time' '
+	git log --no-walk=sorted --oneline 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat > expect << EOF
 5d31159 fourth
 804a787 sixth
 394ef78 fifth
 EOF
+test_expect_success 'git log --no-walk=unsorted <commits> leaves list of commits as given' '
+	git log --no-walk=unsorted --oneline 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git show <commits> leaves list of commits as given' '
 	git show --oneline -s 5d31159 804a787 394ef78 > actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -220,6 +230,12 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'log -F -E --grep=<ere> uses ere' '
+	echo second >expect &&
+	git log -1 --pretty="tformat:%s" -F -E --grep=s.c.nd >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 cat > expect <<EOF
 * Second
 * sixth
@@ -264,6 +280,16 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'log --raw --graph -m with merge' '
+	git log --raw --graph --oneline -m master | head -n 500 >actual &&
+	grep "initial" actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'diff-tree --graph' '
+	git diff-tree --graph master^ | head -n 500 >actual &&
+	grep "one" actual
+'
+
 cat > expect <<\EOF
 *   commit master
 |\  Merge: A B
@@ -346,11 +372,11 @@
 '
 
 cat > expect <<\EOF
-*   Merge commit 'reach'
+*   Merge tag 'reach'
 |\
 | \
 |  \
-*-. \   Merge commit 'octopus-a'; commit 'octopus-b'
+*-. \   Merge tags 'octopus-a' and 'octopus-b'
 |\ \ \
 * | | | seventh
 | | * | octopus-b
@@ -516,4 +542,301 @@
 	)
 '
 
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+*   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION
+| |
+| * commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     reach
+| | ---
+| |  reach.t | 1 +
+| |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| |
+| | diff --git a/reach.t b/reach.t
+| | new file mode 100644
+| | index 0000000..10c9591
+| | --- /dev/null
+| | +++ b/reach.t
+| | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | +reach
+| |
+|  \
+*-. \   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|\ \ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | |
+| | | |     Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION
+| | | |
+| | * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | |
+| | |       octopus-b
+| | |   ---
+| | |    octopus-b.t | 1 +
+| | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | |
+| | |   diff --git a/octopus-b.t b/octopus-b.t
+| | |   new file mode 100644
+| | |   index 0000000..d5fcad0
+| | |   --- /dev/null
+| | |   +++ b/octopus-b.t
+| | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | |   +octopus-b
+| | |
+| * | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| |/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |       octopus-a
+| |   ---
+| |    octopus-a.t | 1 +
+| |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| |
+| |   diff --git a/octopus-a.t b/octopus-a.t
+| |   new file mode 100644
+| |   index 0000000..11ee015
+| |   --- /dev/null
+| |   +++ b/octopus-a.t
+| |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| |   +octopus-a
+| |
+* | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|       seventh
+|   ---
+|    seventh.t | 1 +
+|    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+|
+|   diff --git a/seventh.t b/seventh.t
+|   new file mode 100644
+|   index 0000000..9744ffc
+|   --- /dev/null
+|   +++ b/seventh.t
+|   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+|   +seventh
+|
+*   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |     Merge branch 'tangle'
+| |
+| *   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| |\  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | |
+| | |     Merge branch 'side' (early part) into tangle
+| | |
+| * |   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| |\ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | |
+| | | |     Merge branch 'master' (early part) into tangle
+| | | |
+| * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | |
+| | | |     tangle-a
+| | | | ---
+| | | |  tangle-a | 1 +
+| | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | | |
+| | | | diff --git a/tangle-a b/tangle-a
+| | | | new file mode 100644
+| | | | index 0000000..7898192
+| | | | --- /dev/null
+| | | | +++ b/tangle-a
+| | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | | | +a
+| | | |
+* | | |   commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|\ \ \ \  Merge: MERGE_PARENTS
+| | | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | | |
+| | | | |     Merge branch 'side'
+| | | | |
+| * | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | |_|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |/| |
+| | | |       side-2
+| | | |   ---
+| | | |    2 | 1 +
+| | | |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | | |
+| | | |   diff --git a/2 b/2
+| | | |   new file mode 100644
+| | | |   index 0000000..0cfbf08
+| | | |   --- /dev/null
+| | | |   +++ b/2
+| | | |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | | |   +2
+| | | |
+| * | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | |
+| | | |     side-1
+| | | | ---
+| | | |  1 | 1 +
+| | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | | |
+| | | | diff --git a/1 b/1
+| | | | new file mode 100644
+| | | | index 0000000..d00491f
+| | | | --- /dev/null
+| | | | +++ b/1
+| | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | | | +1
+| | | |
+* | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | | |
+| | | |     Second
+| | | | ---
+| | | |  one | 1 +
+| | | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | | |
+| | | | diff --git a/one b/one
+| | | | new file mode 100644
+| | | | index 0000000..9a33383
+| | | | --- /dev/null
+| | | | +++ b/one
+| | | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | | | +case
+| | | |
+* | | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| |_|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|/| |
+| | |       sixth
+| | |   ---
+| | |    a/two | 1 -
+| | |    1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)
+| | |
+| | |   diff --git a/a/two b/a/two
+| | |   deleted file mode 100644
+| | |   index 9245af5..0000000
+| | |   --- a/a/two
+| | |   +++ /dev/null
+| | |   @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+| | |   -ni
+| | |
+* | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| | | Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| | |
+| | |     fifth
+| | | ---
+| | |  a/two | 1 +
+| | |  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| | |
+| | | diff --git a/a/two b/a/two
+| | | new file mode 100644
+| | | index 0000000..9245af5
+| | | --- /dev/null
+| | | +++ b/a/two
+| | | @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| | | +ni
+| | |
+* | | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|/ /  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+| |
+| |       fourth
+| |   ---
+| |    ein | 1 +
+| |    1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+| |
+| |   diff --git a/ein b/ein
+| |   new file mode 100644
+| |   index 0000000..9d7e69f
+| |   --- /dev/null
+| |   +++ b/ein
+| |   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+| |   +ichi
+| |
+* | commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+|/  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|       third
+|   ---
+|    ichi | 1 +
+|    one  | 1 -
+|    2 files changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
+|
+|   diff --git a/ichi b/ichi
+|   new file mode 100644
+|   index 0000000..9d7e69f
+|   --- /dev/null
+|   +++ b/ichi
+|   @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+|   +ichi
+|   diff --git a/one b/one
+|   deleted file mode 100644
+|   index 9d7e69f..0000000
+|   --- a/one
+|   +++ /dev/null
+|   @@ -1 +0,0 @@
+|   -ichi
+|
+* commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+| Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+|
+|     second
+| ---
+|  one | 2 +-
+|  1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)
+|
+| diff --git a/one b/one
+| index 5626abf..9d7e69f 100644
+| --- a/one
+| +++ b/one
+| @@ -1 +1 @@
+| -one
+| +ichi
+|
+* commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME
+  Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+
+      initial
+  ---
+   one | 1 +
+   1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
+
+  diff --git a/one b/one
+  new file mode 100644
+  index 0000000..5626abf
+  --- /dev/null
+  +++ b/one
+  @@ -0,0 +1 @@
+  +one
+EOF
+
+sanitize_output () {
+	sed -e 's/ *$//' \
+	    -e 's/commit [0-9a-f]*$/commit COMMIT_OBJECT_NAME/' \
+	    -e 's/Merge: [ 0-9a-f]*$/Merge: MERGE_PARENTS/' \
+	    -e 's/Merge tag.*/Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION/' \
+	    -e 's/Merge commit.*/Merge HEADS DESCRIPTION/' \
+	    -e 's/, 0 deletions(-)//' \
+	    -e 's/, 0 insertions(+)//' \
+	    -e 's/ 1 files changed, / 1 file changed, /' \
+	    -e 's/, 1 deletions(-)/, 1 deletion(-)/' \
+	    -e 's/, 1 insertions(+)/, 1 insertion(+)/'
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'log --graph with diff and stats' '
+	git log --graph --pretty=short --stat -p >actual &&
+	sanitize_output >actual.sanitized <actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect actual.sanitized
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dotdot is a parent directory' '
+	mkdir -p a/b &&
+	( echo sixth && echo fifth ) >expect &&
+	( cd a/b && git log --format=%s .. ) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
index 1f182f6..842b754 100755
--- a/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
+++ b/t/t4203-mailmap.sh
@@ -149,6 +149,104 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'setup mailmap blob tests' '
+	git checkout -b map &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	cat >just-bugs <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy <bugs@company.xx>
+	EOF
+	cat >both <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy <author@example.com>
+	Blob Guy <bugs@company.xx>
+	EOF
+	git add just-bugs both &&
+	git commit -m "my mailmaps" &&
+	echo "Repo Guy <author@example.com>" >.mailmap &&
+	echo "Internal Guy <author@example.com>" >internal.map
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob set' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (1):
+	      second
+
+	Repo Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:just-bugs shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob overrides .mailmap' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (2):
+	      initial
+	      second
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:both shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.file overrides mailmap.blob' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Blob Guy (1):
+	      second
+
+	Internal Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	EOF
+	git \
+	  -c mailmap.blob=map:both \
+	  -c mailmap.file=internal.map \
+	  shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob can be missing' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	Repo Guy (1):
+	      initial
+
+	nick1 (1):
+	      second
+
+	EOF
+	git -c mailmap.blob=map:nonexistent shortlog HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob defaults to off in non-bare repo' '
+	git init non-bare &&
+	(
+		cd non-bare &&
+		test_commit one .mailmap "Fake Name <author@example.com>" &&
+		echo "     1	Fake Name" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		rm .mailmap &&
+		echo "     1	A U Thor" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'mailmap.blob defaults to HEAD:.mailmap in bare repo' '
+	git clone --bare non-bare bare &&
+	(
+		cd bare &&
+		echo "     1	Fake Name" >expect &&
+		git shortlog -ns HEAD >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup after mailmap.blob tests' '
+	rm -f .mailmap
+'
+
 # Extended mailmap configurations should give us the following output for shortlog
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 A U Thor <author@example.com> (1):
@@ -239,6 +337,62 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: CTO <cto@company.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Other Author <other@author.xx>
+Author: Some Dude <some@dude.xx>
+Author: A U Thor <author@example.com>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Log output with log.mailmap' '
+	git -c log.mailmap=True log | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Grep author with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap --author Santa | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+cat >expect <<\EOF
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+Author: Santa Claus <santa.claus@northpole.xx>
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Grep author with log.mailmap' '
+	git -c log.mailmap=True log --author Santa | grep Author >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+>expect
+
+test_expect_success 'Only grep replaced author with --use-mailmap' '
+	git log --use-mailmap --author "<cto@coompany.xx>" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 # git blame
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 ^OBJI (A U Thor     DATE 1) one
diff --git a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
index 2ae9faa..98a43d4 100755
--- a/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
+++ b/t/t4205-log-pretty-formats.sh
@@ -71,4 +71,32 @@
 	test_must_fail git log --pretty=test-foo
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'NUL separation' '
+	printf "add bar\0initial" >expected &&
+	git log -z --pretty="format:%s" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NUL termination' '
+	printf "add bar\0initial\0" >expected &&
+	git log -z --pretty="tformat:%s" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'NUL separation with --stat' '
+	stat0_part=$(git diff --stat HEAD^ HEAD) &&
+	stat1_part=$(git diff-tree --no-commit-id --stat --root HEAD^) &&
+	printf "add bar\n$stat0_part\n\0initial\n$stat1_part\n" >expected &&
+	git log -z --stat --pretty="format:%s" >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'NUL termination with --stat' '
+	stat0_part=$(git diff --stat HEAD^ HEAD) &&
+	stat1_part=$(git diff-tree --no-commit-id --stat --root HEAD^) &&
+	printf "add bar\n$stat0_part\n\0initial\n$stat1_part\n\0" >expected &&
+	git log -z --stat --pretty="tformat:%s" >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
index 2c482b6..72300b5 100755
--- a/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
+++ b/t/t4208-log-magic-pathspec.sh
@@ -11,11 +11,24 @@
 	mkdir sub
 '
 
-test_expect_success '"git log :/" should be ambiguous' '
-	test_must_fail git log :/ 2>error &&
+test_expect_success '"git log :/" should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log :/
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log :/a" should be ambiguous (applied both rev and worktree)' '
+	: >a &&
+	test_must_fail git log :/a 2>error &&
 	grep ambiguous error
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git log :/a -- " should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log :/a --
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git log -- :/a" should not be ambiguous' '
+	git log -- :/a
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"git log :" should be ambiguous' '
 	test_must_fail git log : 2>error &&
 	grep ambiguous error
diff --git a/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh b/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..eed7273
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t4209-log-pickaxe.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='log --grep/--author/--regexp-ignore-case/-S/-G'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success setup '
+	>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+
+	echo Picked >file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -a --author="Another Person <another@example.com>" -m second
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep' '
+	git log --grep=initial --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD^ >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep --regexp-ignore-case' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case --grep=InItial --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD^ >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep -i' '
+	git log -i --grep=InItial --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD^ >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --author --regexp-ignore-case' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case --author=person --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --author -i' '
+	git log -i --author=person --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G (nomatch)' '
+	git log -Gpicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G (match)' '
+	git log -GPicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G --regexp-ignore-case (nomatch)' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case -Gpickle --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G -i (nomatch)' '
+	git log -i -Gpickle --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G --regexp-ignore-case (match)' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case -Gpicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -G -i (match)' '
+	git log -i -Gpicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S (nomatch)' '
+	git log -Spicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S (match)' '
+	git log -SPicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S --regexp-ignore-case (match)' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case -Spicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S -i (match)' '
+	git log -i -Spicked --format=%H >actual &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S --regexp-ignore-case (nomatch)' '
+	git log --regexp-ignore-case -Spickle --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log -S -i (nomatch)' '
+	git log -i -Spickle --format=%H >actual &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t4253-am-keep-cr-dos.sh b/t/t4253-am-keep-cr-dos.sh
index 735e55d..553fe3e 100755
--- a/t/t4253-am-keep-cr-dos.sh
+++ b/t/t4253-am-keep-cr-dos.sh
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 	git diff --exit-code master
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'am with dos files config am.keepcr overriden by --no-keep-cr' '
+test_expect_success 'am with dos files config am.keepcr overridden by --no-keep-cr' '
 	git config am.keepcr 1 &&
 	git checkout -b dosfiles-conf-keepcr-override initial &&
 	git format-patch -k initial..master &&
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 	git diff --exit-code master
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'am with unix files config am.keepcr overriden by --no-keep-cr' '
+test_expect_success 'am with unix files config am.keepcr overridden by --no-keep-cr' '
 	git config am.keepcr 1 &&
 	git checkout -b unixfiles-conf-keepcr-override initial &&
 	cp -f file1 file &&
diff --git a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
index 46c3fe7..d0b2a45 100755
--- a/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t4300-merge-tree.sh
@@ -254,4 +254,48 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'turn file to tree' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	rm initial-file &&
+	mkdir initial-file &&
+	test_commit "turn-file-to-tree" "initial-file/ONE" "CCC" &&
+	git merge-tree initial initial turn-file-to-tree >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	added in remote
+	  their  100644 43aa4fdec31eb92e1fdc2f0ce6ea9ddb7c32bcf7 initial-file/ONE
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+CCC
+	removed in remote
+	  base   100644 e79c5e8f964493290a409888d5413a737e8e5dd5 initial-file
+	  our    100644 e79c5e8f964493290a409888d5413a737e8e5dd5 initial-file
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-initial
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'turn tree to file' '
+	git reset --hard initial &&
+	mkdir dir &&
+	test_commit "add-tree" "dir/path" "AAA" &&
+	test_commit "add-another-tree" "dir/another" "BBB" &&
+	rm -fr dir &&
+	test_commit "make-file" "dir" "CCC" &&
+	git merge-tree add-tree add-another-tree make-file >actual &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	added in local
+	  our    100644 ba629238ca89489f2b350e196ca445e09d8bb834 dir/another
+	removed in remote
+	  base   100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d dir/path
+	  our    100644 43d5a8ed6ef6c00ff775008633f95787d088285d dir/path
+	@@ -1 +0,0 @@
+	-AAA
+	added in remote
+	  their  100644 43aa4fdec31eb92e1fdc2f0ce6ea9ddb7c32bcf7 dir
+	@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+	+CCC
+	EOF
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
index d906898..3fbd366 100755
--- a/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
+++ b/t/t5000-tar-tree.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
-UNZIP=${UNZIP:-unzip}
 GZIP=${GZIP:-gzip}
 GUNZIP=${GUNZIP:-gzip -d}
 
@@ -84,6 +83,12 @@
     'git archive vs. git tar-tree' \
     'test_cmp b.tar b2.tar'
 
+test_expect_success 'git archive on large files' '
+    test_config core.bigfilethreshold 1 &&
+    git archive HEAD >b3.tar &&
+    test_cmp b.tar b3.tar
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
     'git archive in a bare repo' \
     '(cd bare.git && git archive HEAD) >b3.tar'
@@ -96,7 +101,7 @@
     'git archive --output=b4.tar HEAD &&
     test_cmp b.tar b4.tar'
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'git archive --remote' \
+test_expect_success 'git archive --remote' \
     'git archive --remote=. HEAD >b5.tar &&
     test_cmp b.tar b5.tar'
 
@@ -175,73 +180,23 @@
       test_cmp a/substfile2 g/prefix/a/substfile2
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-    'git archive --format=zip' \
-    'git archive --format=zip HEAD >d.zip'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git archive --format=zip in a bare repo' \
-    '(cd bare.git && git archive --format=zip HEAD) >d1.zip'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git archive --format=zip vs. the same in a bare repo' \
-    'test_cmp d.zip d1.zip'
-
-test_expect_success 'git archive --format=zip with --output' \
-    'git archive --format=zip --output=d2.zip HEAD &&
-    test_cmp d.zip d2.zip'
-
-test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, inferring format' '
-	git archive --output=d3.zip HEAD &&
-	test_cmp d.zip d3.zip
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, override inferred format' '
 	git archive --format=tar --output=d4.zip HEAD &&
 	test_cmp b.tar d4.zip
 '
 
-$UNZIP -v >/dev/null 2>&1
-if [ $? -eq 127 ]; then
-	say "Skipping ZIP tests, because unzip was not found"
-else
-	test_set_prereq UNZIP
-fi
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'extract ZIP archive' \
-    '(mkdir d && cd d && $UNZIP ../d.zip)'
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'validate filenames' \
-    '(cd d/a && find .) | sort >d.lst &&
-     test_cmp a.lst d.lst'
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'validate file contents' \
-    'diff -r a d/a'
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'git archive --format=zip with prefix' \
-    'git archive --format=zip --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >e.zip'
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'extract ZIP archive with prefix' \
-    '(mkdir e && cd e && $UNZIP ../e.zip)'
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'validate filenames with prefix' \
-    '(cd e/prefix/a && find .) | sort >e.lst &&
-     test_cmp a.lst e.lst'
-
-test_expect_success UNZIP \
-    'validate file contents with prefix' \
-    'diff -r a e/prefix/a'
-
 test_expect_success \
     'git archive --list outside of a git repo' \
     'GIT_DIR=some/non-existing/directory git archive --list'
 
+test_expect_success 'clients cannot access unreachable commits' '
+	test_commit unreachable &&
+	sha1=`git rev-parse HEAD` &&
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git archive $sha1 >remote.tar &&
+	test_must_fail git archive --remote=. $sha1 >remote.tar
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'git-archive --prefix=olde-' '
 	git archive --prefix=olde- >h.tar HEAD &&
 	(
@@ -257,7 +212,8 @@
 test_expect_success 'setup tar filters' '
 	git config tar.tar.foo.command "tr ab ba" &&
 	git config tar.bar.command "tr ab ba" &&
-	git config tar.bar.remote true
+	git config tar.bar.remote true &&
+	git config tar.invalid baz
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'archive --list mentions user filter' '
@@ -266,7 +222,7 @@
 	grep "^bar\$" output
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'archive --list shows only enabled remote filters' '
+test_expect_success 'archive --list shows only enabled remote filters' '
 	git archive --list --remote=. >output &&
 	! grep "^tar\.foo\$" output &&
 	grep "^bar\$" output
@@ -298,7 +254,7 @@
 	test_cmp b.tar config-implicittar.foo
 '
 
-test_expect_success NOT_MINGW 'only enabled filters are available remotely' '
+test_expect_success 'only enabled filters are available remotely' '
 	test_must_fail git archive --remote=. --format=tar.foo HEAD \
 		>remote.tar.foo &&
 	git archive --remote=. --format=bar >remote.bar HEAD &&
@@ -341,12 +297,12 @@
 	test_cmp b.tar j.tar
 '
 
-test_expect_success GZIP,NOT_MINGW 'remote tar.gz is allowed by default' '
+test_expect_success GZIP 'remote tar.gz is allowed by default' '
 	git archive --remote=. --format=tar.gz HEAD >remote.tar.gz &&
 	test_cmp j.tgz remote.tar.gz
 '
 
-test_expect_success GZIP,NOT_MINGW 'remote tar.gz can be disabled' '
+test_expect_success GZIP 'remote tar.gz can be disabled' '
 	git config tar.tar.gz.remote false &&
 	test_must_fail git archive --remote=. --format=tar.gz HEAD \
 		>remote.tar.gz
diff --git a/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh b/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0c847fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5002-archive-attr-pattern.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git archive attribute pattern tests'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_exists() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 exists" "test -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_missing() {
+	test_expect_success " $1 does not exist" "test ! -e $1"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo ignored >ignored &&
+	echo ignored export-ignore >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add ignored &&
+
+	mkdir not-ignored-dir &&
+	echo ignored-in-tree >not-ignored-dir/ignored &&
+	echo not-ignored-in-tree >not-ignored-dir/ignored-only-if-dir &&
+	git add not-ignored-dir &&
+
+	mkdir ignored-only-if-dir &&
+	echo ignored by ignored dir >ignored-only-if-dir/ignored-by-ignored-dir &&
+	echo ignored-only-if-dir/ export-ignore >>.git/info/attributes &&
+	git add ignored-only-if-dir &&
+
+
+	mkdir -p one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-only-if-dir &&
+	echo ignored by ignored dir >one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-only-if-dir/ignored-by-ignored-dir &&
+	git add one-level-lower &&
+
+	git commit -m. &&
+
+	git clone --bare . bare &&
+	cp .git/info/attributes bare/info/attributes
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive' '
+	git archive HEAD >archive.tar &&
+	(mkdir archive && cd archive && "$TAR" xf -) <archive.tar
+'
+
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored
+test_expect_missing	archive/not-ignored-dir/ignored
+test_expect_exists	archive/not-ignored-dir/ignored-only-if-dir
+test_expect_exists	archive/not-ignored-dir/
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-only-if-dir/
+test_expect_missing	archive/ignored-ony-if-dir/ignored-by-ignored-dir
+test_expect_exists	archive/one-level-lower/
+test_expect_missing	archive/one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-only-if-dir/
+test_expect_missing	archive/one-level-lower/two-levels-lower/ignored-ony-if-dir/ignored-by-ignored-dir
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..7cfe9ca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5003-archive-zip.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git archive --format=zip test'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+GIT_UNZIP=${GIT_UNZIP:-unzip}
+
+SUBSTFORMAT=%H%n
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNZIP '
+	"$GIT_UNZIP" -v
+	test $? -ne 127
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq UNZIP_SYMLINKS '
+	(
+		mkdir unzip-symlinks &&
+		cd unzip-symlinks &&
+		"$GIT_UNZIP" "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5003/infozip-symlinks.zip &&
+		test -h symlink
+	)
+'
+
+check_zip() {
+	zipfile=$1.zip
+	listfile=$1.lst
+	dir=$1
+	dir_with_prefix=$dir/$2
+
+	test_expect_success UNZIP " extract ZIP archive" '
+		(mkdir $dir && cd $dir && "$GIT_UNZIP" ../$zipfile)
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success UNZIP " validate filenames" "
+		(cd ${dir_with_prefix}a && find .) | sort >$listfile &&
+		test_cmp a.lst $listfile
+	"
+
+	test_expect_success UNZIP " validate file contents" "
+		diff -r a ${dir_with_prefix}a
+	"
+}
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'populate workdir' \
+    'mkdir a b c &&
+     echo simple textfile >a/a &&
+     mkdir a/bin &&
+     cp /bin/sh a/bin &&
+     printf "A\$Format:%s\$O" "$SUBSTFORMAT" >a/substfile1 &&
+     printf "A not substituted O" >a/substfile2 &&
+     (p=long_path_to_a_file && cd a &&
+      for depth in 1 2 3 4 5; do mkdir $p && cd $p; done &&
+      echo text >file_with_long_path)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS,UNZIP_SYMLINKS 'add symlink' '
+	ln -s a a/symlink_to_a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare file list' '
+	(cd a && find .) | sort >a.lst
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'add ignored file' \
+    'echo ignore me >a/ignored &&
+     echo ignored export-ignore >.git/info/attributes'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'add files to repository' \
+    'find a -type f | xargs git update-index --add &&
+     find a -type l | xargs git update-index --add &&
+     treeid=`git write-tree` &&
+     echo $treeid >treeid &&
+     git update-ref HEAD $(TZ=GMT GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="2005-05-27 22:00:00" \
+     git commit-tree $treeid </dev/null)'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'create bare clone' \
+    'git clone --bare . bare.git &&
+     cp .git/info/attributes bare.git/info/attributes'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'remove ignored file' \
+    'rm a/ignored'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip' \
+    'git archive --format=zip HEAD >d.zip'
+
+check_zip d
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip in a bare repo' \
+    '(cd bare.git && git archive --format=zip HEAD) >d1.zip'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip vs. the same in a bare repo' \
+    'test_cmp d.zip d1.zip'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --format=zip with --output' \
+    'git archive --format=zip --output=d2.zip HEAD &&
+    test_cmp d.zip d2.zip'
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive with --output, inferring format' '
+	git archive --output=d3.zip HEAD &&
+	test_cmp d.zip d3.zip
+'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'git archive --format=zip with prefix' \
+    'git archive --format=zip --prefix=prefix/ HEAD >e.zip'
+
+check_zip e prefix/
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive -0 --format=zip on large files' '
+	test_config core.bigfilethreshold 1 &&
+	git archive -0 --format=zip HEAD >large.zip
+'
+
+check_zip large
+
+test_expect_success 'git archive --format=zip on large files' '
+	test_config core.bigfilethreshold 1 &&
+	git archive --format=zip HEAD >large-compressed.zip
+'
+
+check_zip large-compressed
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5003/infozip-symlinks.zip b/t/t5003/infozip-symlinks.zip
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..065728c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5003/infozip-symlinks.zip
Binary files differ
diff --git a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
index ebc36c1..3e64a7a 100755
--- a/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
+++ b/t/t5100-mailinfo.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 	'git mailsplit -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/sample.mbox >last &&
 	last=`cat last` &&
 	echo total is $last &&
-	test `cat last` = 16'
+	test `cat last` = 17'
 
 check_mailinfo () {
 	mail=$1 opt=$2
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@
 	git mailsplit -d3 -o. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain &&
 	test_cmp "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t5100/nul-plain 001 &&
 	(cat 001 | git mailinfo msg patch) &&
-	test 4 = $(wc -l < patch)
+	test_line_count = 4 patch
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5100/info0017 b/t/t5100/info0017
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d2bc89f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/info0017
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+Author: A U Thor
+Email: a.u.thor@example.com
+Subject: A E I O U
+Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2012 14:23:44 -0700
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/msg0017 b/t/t5100/msg0017
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..2ee0900
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/msg0017
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+New content here
+
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0001 b/t/t5100/patch0001
index 8ce1551..02c9774 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0001
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0001
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0002 b/t/t5100/patch0002
index 8ce1551..02c9774 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0002
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0002
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0003 b/t/t5100/patch0003
index 8ce1551..02c9774 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0003
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0003
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0005 b/t/t5100/patch0005
index 7d24b24..ab7a383 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0005
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0005
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 ---
 
- Documentation/git-cvsimport-script.txt |    9 ++++++++-
- git-cvsimport-script                   |    4 ++--
+ Documentation/git-cvsimport-script.txt | 9 ++++++++-
+ git-cvsimport-script                   | 4 ++--
  2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 50452f9c0c2df1f04d83a26266ba704b13861632
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0006 b/t/t5100/patch0006
index 8ce1551..02c9774 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0006
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0006
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0010 b/t/t5100/patch0010
index f055481..436821c 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0010
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0010
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
+ builtin-mailinfo.c | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0011 b/t/t5100/patch0011
index 8841d3c..0988713 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0011
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0011
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c  |    4 ++--
+ builtin-mailinfo.c  | 4 ++--
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
 index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0014 b/t/t5100/patch0014
index 124efd2..3f3825f 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0014
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0014
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ builtin-mailinfo.c | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
  1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors b/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors
index 124efd2..3f3825f 100644
--- a/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0014--scissors
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ builtin-mailinfo.c | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
  1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
diff --git a/t/t5100/patch0017 b/t/t5100/patch0017
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..35cf84c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5100/patch0017
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++New content
diff --git a/t/t5100/sample.mbox b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
index de10312..8b2ae06 100644
--- a/t/t5100/sample.mbox
+++ b/t/t5100/sample.mbox
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 Here is a patch from A U Thor.
 
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 Hope this helps.
 
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@
 Hopefully this would fix the problem stated there.
 
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
@@ -249,8 +249,8 @@
 Signed-off-by: David K=E5gedal <davidk@lysator.liu.se>
 ---
 
- Documentation/git-cvsimport-script.txt |    9 ++++++++-
- git-cvsimport-script                   |    4 ++--
+ Documentation/git-cvsimport-script.txt | 9 ++++++++-
+ git-cvsimport-script                   | 4 ++--
  2 files changed, 10 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)
 
 50452f9c0c2df1f04d83a26266ba704b13861632
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@
 Here is a patch from A U Thor.
 
 ---
- foo |    2 +-
+ foo | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/foo b/foo
@@ -449,7 +449,7 @@
 Signed-off-by: Lukas Sandström <lukass@etek.chalmers.se>
 Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c |    2 +-
+ builtin-mailinfo.c | 2 +-
  1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@
 Here comes a commit log message, and
 its second line is here.
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c  |    4 ++--
+ builtin-mailinfo.c  | 4 ++--
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
 index 3e5fe51..aabfe5c 100644
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@
 
 Signed-off-by: Junio C Hamano <gitster@pobox.com>
 ---
- builtin-mailinfo.c |   37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
+ builtin-mailinfo.c | 37 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++-
  1 files changed, 36 insertions(+), 1 deletions(-)
 
 diff --git a/builtin-mailinfo.c b/builtin-mailinfo.c
@@ -683,3 +683,19 @@
 @@ -0,0 +1 @@
 +content
 
+From nobody Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
+From: A U Thor <a.u.thor@example.com>
+Subject: A E I O U
+Date: Mon, 17 Sep 2012 14:23:44 -0700
+MIME-Version: 1.0
+Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-2022-jp"
+Content-type: text/plain; charset="UTF-8"
+
+New content here
+
+diff --git a/foo b/foo
+index e69de29..d95f3ad 100644
+--- a/foo
++++ b/foo
+@@ -0,0 +1 @@
++New content
diff --git a/t/t5150-request-pull.sh b/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
index 9cc0a42..432f98c 100755
--- a/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5150-request-pull.sh
@@ -67,9 +67,11 @@
 
 	cat <<-\EOT >read-request.sed &&
 	#!/bin/sed -nf
+	# Note that a request could ask for "tag $tagname"
 	/ in the git repository at:$/!d
 	n
 	/^$/ n
+	s/ tag \([^ ]*\)$/ tag--\1/
 	s/^[ 	]*\(.*\) \([^ ]*\)/please pull\
 	\1\
 	\2/p
@@ -86,13 +88,14 @@
 	s/$downstream_url_for_sed/URL/g
 	s/for-upstream/BRANCH/g
 	s/mnemonic.txt/FILENAME/g
+	s/^version [0-9]/VERSION/
 	/^ FILENAME | *[0-9]* [-+]*\$/ b diffstat
 	/^AUTHOR ([0-9]*):\$/ b shortlog
 	p
 	b
 	: diffstat
 	n
-	/ [0-9]* files changed/ {
+	/ [0-9]* files* changed/ {
 		a\\
 	DIFFSTAT
 		b
@@ -176,10 +179,7 @@
 		read repository &&
 		read branch
 	} <digest &&
-	{
-		test "$branch" = master ||
-		test "$branch" = for-upstream
-	}
+	test "$branch" = tags/full
 
 '
 
@@ -193,8 +193,17 @@
 	  SUBJECT (DATE)
 
 	are available in the git repository at:
+
 	  URL BRANCH
 
+	for you to fetch changes up to OBJECT_NAME:
+
+	  SUBJECT (DATE)
+
+	----------------------------------------------------------------
+	VERSION
+
+	----------------------------------------------------------------
 	SHORTLOG
 
 	DIFFSTAT
@@ -207,7 +216,7 @@
 		git request-pull initial "$downstream_url" >../request
 	) &&
 	<request sed -nf fuzz.sed >request.fuzzy &&
-	test_cmp expect request.fuzzy
+	test_i18ncmp expect request.fuzzy
 
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
index 602806d..a07c871 100755
--- a/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
+++ b/t/t5300-pack-object.sh
@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'setup' \
     'rm -f .git/index* &&
-     perl -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
-     perl -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
-     perl -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -e "print \"a\" x 4096;" > a &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -e "print \"b\" x 4096;" > b &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -e "print \"c\" x 4096;" > c &&
      test-genrandom "seed a" 2097152 > a_big &&
      test-genrandom "seed b" 2097152 > b_big &&
      git update-index --add a a_big b b_big c &&
@@ -38,6 +38,10 @@
     'pack without delta' \
     'packname_1=$(git pack-objects --window=0 test-1 <obj-list)'
 
+test_expect_success \
+    'pack-objects with bogus arguments' \
+    'test_must_fail git pack-objects --window=0 test-1 blah blah <obj-list'
+
 rm -fr .git2
 mkdir .git2
 
@@ -125,7 +129,7 @@
 cd "$TRASH"
 
 test_expect_success 'compare delta flavors' '
-	perl -e '\''
+	"$PERL_PATH" -e '\''
 		defined($_ = -s $_) or die for @ARGV;
 		exit 1 if $ARGV[0] <= $ARGV[1];
 	'\'' test-2-$packname_2.pack test-3-$packname_3.pack
@@ -412,6 +416,11 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'make sure index-pack detects the SHA1 collision' \
     'test_must_fail git index-pack -o bad.idx test-3.pack 2>msg &&
-     grep "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND" msg'
+     test_i18ngrep "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND" msg'
+
+test_expect_success \
+    'make sure index-pack detects the SHA1 collision (large blobs)' \
+    'test_must_fail git -c core.bigfilethreshold=1 index-pack -o bad.idx test-3.pack 2>msg &&
+     test_i18ngrep "SHA1 COLLISION FOUND" msg'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
index f8fa924..fe82025 100755
--- a/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
+++ b/t/t5302-pack-index.sh
@@ -74,6 +74,10 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
+    'pack-objects --index-version=2, is not accepted' \
+    'test_must_fail git pack-objects --index-version=2, test-3 <obj-list'
+
+test_expect_success \
     'index v2: force some 64-bit offsets with pack-objects' \
     'pack3=$(git pack-objects --index-version=2,0x40000 test-3 <obj-list)'
 
diff --git a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
index 5f6cd4f..5b1250f 100755
--- a/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
+++ b/t/t5303-pack-corruption-resilience.sh
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@
     'create_new_pack &&
      git prune-packed &&
      chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
-     perl -i.bak -pe "s/ base /abcdef/" ${pack}.pack &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -pe "s/ base /abcdef/" ${pack}.pack &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@
     'create_new_pack &&
      git prune-packed &&
      chmod +w ${pack}.pack &&
-     perl -i.bak -pe "s/ delta1 /abcdefgh/" ${pack}.pack &&
+     "$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -pe "s/ delta1 /abcdefgh/" ${pack}.pack &&
      git cat-file blob $blob_1 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_2 > /dev/null &&
      test_must_fail git cat-file blob $blob_3 > /dev/null'
diff --git a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
index 0eace37..129fc88 100755
--- a/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5400-send-pack.sh
@@ -145,6 +145,40 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'receive-pack runs auto-gc in remote repo' '
+	rm -rf parent child &&
+	git init parent &&
+	(
+	    # Setup a repo with 2 packs
+	    cd parent &&
+	    echo "Some text" >file.txt &&
+	    git add . &&
+	    git commit -m "Initial commit" &&
+	    git repack -adl &&
+	    echo "Some more text" >>file.txt &&
+	    git commit -a -m "Second commit" &&
+	    git repack
+	) &&
+	cp -R parent child &&
+	(
+	    # Set the child to auto-pack if more than one pack exists
+	    cd child &&
+	    git config gc.autopacklimit 1 &&
+	    git branch test_auto_gc &&
+	    # And create a file that follows the temporary object naming
+	    # convention for the auto-gc to remove
+	    : >.git/objects/tmp_test_object &&
+	    test-chmtime =-1209601 .git/objects/tmp_test_object
+	) &&
+	(
+	    cd parent &&
+	    echo "Even more text" >>file.txt &&
+	    git commit -a -m "Third commit" &&
+	    git send-pack ../child HEAD:refs/heads/test_auto_gc
+	) &&
+	test ! -e child/.git/objects/tmp_test_object
+'
+
 rewound_push_setup() {
 	rm -rf parent child &&
 	mkdir parent &&
diff --git a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
index bafcca7..354d32c 100755
--- a/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
+++ b/t/t5500-fetch-pack.sh
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@
 	git symbolic-ref HEAD refs/heads/B
 '
 
-pull_to_client 1st "B A" $((11*3))
+pull_to_client 1st "refs/heads/B refs/heads/A" $((11*3))
 
 test_expect_success 'post 1st pull setup' '
 	add A11 $A10 &&
@@ -110,12 +110,37 @@
 	done
 '
 
-pull_to_client 2nd "B" $((64*3))
+pull_to_client 2nd "refs/heads/B" $((64*3))
 
-pull_to_client 3rd "A" $((1*3))
+pull_to_client 3rd "refs/heads/A" $((1*3))
+
+test_expect_success 'single branch clone' '
+	git clone --single-branch "file://$(pwd)/." singlebranch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single branch object count' '
+	GIT_DIR=singlebranch/.git git count-objects -v |
+		grep "^in-pack:" > count.singlebranch &&
+	echo "in-pack: 198" >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected count.singlebranch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single given branch clone' '
+	git clone --single-branch --branch A "file://$(pwd)/." branch-a &&
+	test_must_fail git --git-dir=branch-a/.git rev-parse origin/B
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth 1' '
+	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow0 &&
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow0/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 1
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow' '
-	git clone --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow
+	git clone --no-single-branch --depth 2 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
@@ -123,7 +148,7 @@
 		cd shallow &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow &&
-	grep "^in-pack: 18" count.shallow
+	grep "^in-pack: 12" count.shallow
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count (part 2)' '
@@ -240,12 +265,214 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow depth count' '
+	test "`git --git-dir=shallow/.git rev-list --count HEAD`" = 11
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
 	(
 		cd shallow &&
 		git count-objects -v
 	) > count.shallow &&
-	grep "^count: 52" count.shallow
+	grep "^count: 55" count.shallow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --no-shallow on full repo' '
+	test_must_fail git fetch --noshallow
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --depth --no-shallow' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch --depth=1 --noshallow
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'turn shallow to complete repository' '
+	(
+		cd shallow &&
+		git fetch --unshallow &&
+		! test -f .git/shallow &&
+		git fsck --full
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow without --no-single-branch' '
+	git clone --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	(
+		cd shallow2 &&
+		git count-objects -v
+	) > count.shallow2 &&
+	grep "^in-pack: 3" count.shallow2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow with --branch' '
+	git clone --depth 1 --branch A "file://$(pwd)/." shallow3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow object count' '
+	echo "in-pack: 3" > count3.expected &&
+	GIT_DIR=shallow3/.git git count-objects -v |
+		grep "^in-pack" > count3.actual &&
+	test_cmp count3.expected count3.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone shallow with detached HEAD' '
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	git clone --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow5 &&
+	git checkout - &&
+	GIT_DIR=shallow5/.git git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^ >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow clone pulling tags' '
+	git tag -a -m A TAGA1 A &&
+	git tag -a -m B TAGB1 B &&
+	git tag TAGA2 A &&
+	git tag TAGB2 B &&
+	git clone --depth 1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow6 &&
+
+	cat >taglist.expected <<\EOF &&
+TAGB1
+TAGB2
+EOF
+	GIT_DIR=shallow6/.git git tag -l >taglist.actual &&
+	test_cmp taglist.expected taglist.actual &&
+
+	echo "in-pack: 4" > count6.expected &&
+	GIT_DIR=shallow6/.git git count-objects -v |
+		grep "^in-pack" > count6.actual &&
+	test_cmp count6.expected count6.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shallow cloning single tag' '
+	git clone --depth 1 --branch=TAGB1 "file://$(pwd)/." shallow7 &&
+	cat >taglist.expected <<\EOF &&
+TAGB1
+TAGB2
+EOF
+	GIT_DIR=shallow7/.git git tag -l >taglist.actual &&
+	test_cmp taglist.expected taglist.actual &&
+
+	echo "in-pack: 4" > count7.expected &&
+	GIT_DIR=shallow7/.git git count-objects -v |
+		grep "^in-pack" > count7.actual &&
+	test_cmp count7.expected count7.actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup tests for the --stdin parameter' '
+	for head in C D E F
+	do
+		add $head
+	done &&
+	for head in A B C D E F
+	do
+		git tag $head $head
+	done &&
+	cat >input <<-\EOF
+	refs/heads/C
+	refs/heads/A
+	refs/heads/D
+	refs/tags/C
+	refs/heads/B
+	refs/tags/A
+	refs/heads/E
+	refs/tags/B
+	refs/tags/E
+	refs/tags/D
+	EOF
+	sort <input >expect &&
+	(
+		echo refs/heads/E &&
+		echo refs/tags/E &&
+		cat input
+	) >input.dup
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch refs from cmdline' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git fetch-pack --no-progress .. $(cat ../input)
+	) >output &&
+	cut -d " " -f 2 <output | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch refs from stdin' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git fetch-pack --stdin --no-progress .. <../input
+	) >output &&
+	cut -d " " -f 2 <output | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch mixed refs from cmdline and stdin' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		tail -n +5 ../input |
+		git fetch-pack --stdin --no-progress .. $(head -n 4 ../input)
+	) >output &&
+	cut -d " " -f 2 <output | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test duplicate refs from stdin' '
+	(
+	cd client &&
+	git fetch-pack --stdin --no-progress .. <../input.dup
+	) >output &&
+	cut -d " " -f 2 <output | sort >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'set up tests of missing reference' '
+	cat >expect-error <<-\EOF
+	error: no such remote ref refs/heads/xyzzy
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test lonely missing ref' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy
+	) >/dev/null 2>error-m &&
+	test_cmp expect-error error-m
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test missing ref after existing' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/A refs/heads/xyzzy
+	) >/dev/null 2>error-em &&
+	test_cmp expect-error error-em
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test missing ref before existing' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		test_must_fail git fetch-pack --no-progress .. refs/heads/xyzzy refs/heads/A
+	) >/dev/null 2>error-me &&
+	test_cmp expect-error error-me
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --all, --depth, and explicit head' '
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git fetch-pack --no-progress --all --depth=1 .. refs/heads/A
+	) >out-adh 2>error-adh
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'test --all, --depth, and explicit tag' '
+	git tag OLDTAG refs/heads/B~5 &&
+	(
+		cd client &&
+		git fetch-pack --no-progress --all --depth=1 .. refs/tags/OLDTAG
+	) >out-adt 2>error-adt
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh b/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh
index b5ced84..1bc57ac 100755
--- a/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh
+++ b/t/t5501-fetch-push-alternates.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 		done
 	) &&
 	(
-		git clone --reference=original "file:///$(pwd)/original" one &&
+		git clone --reference=original "file://$(pwd)/original" one &&
 		cd one &&
 		echo Z >count &&
 		git add count &&
diff --git a/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh b/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
index 8341fc4..69ee13c 100755
--- a/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
+++ b/t/t5504-fetch-receive-strict.sh
@@ -58,6 +58,11 @@
 	)
 '
 
+cat >exp <<EOF
+To dst
+!	refs/heads/master:refs/heads/test	[remote rejected] (missing necessary objects)
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success 'push without strict' '
 	rm -rf dst &&
 	git init dst &&
@@ -66,7 +71,8 @@
 		git config fetch.fsckobjects false &&
 		git config transfer.fsckobjects false
 	) &&
-	git push dst master:refs/heads/test
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst master:refs/heads/test >act &&
+	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with !receive.fsckobjects' '
@@ -77,9 +83,15 @@
 		git config receive.fsckobjects false &&
 		git config transfer.fsckobjects true
 	) &&
-	git push dst master:refs/heads/test
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst master:refs/heads/test >act &&
+	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
+cat >exp <<EOF
+To dst
+!	refs/heads/master:refs/heads/test	[remote rejected] (unpacker error)
+EOF
+
 test_expect_success 'push with receive.fsckobjects' '
 	rm -rf dst &&
 	git init dst &&
@@ -88,7 +100,8 @@
 		git config receive.fsckobjects true &&
 		git config transfer.fsckobjects false
 	) &&
-	test_must_fail git push dst master:refs/heads/test
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst master:refs/heads/test >act &&
+	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push with transfer.fsckobjects' '
@@ -98,7 +111,8 @@
 		cd dst &&
 		git config transfer.fsckobjects true
 	) &&
-	test_must_fail git push dst master:refs/heads/test
+	test_must_fail git push --porcelain dst master:refs/heads/test >act &&
+	test_cmp exp act
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5505-remote.sh b/t/t5505-remote.sh
index e8af615..ccc55eb 100755
--- a/t/t5505-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5505-remote.sh
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'remote information for the origin' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'remote information for the origin' '
 (
 	cd test &&
 	tokens_match origin "$(git remote)" &&
@@ -66,8 +66,6 @@
 	cd test &&
 	git remote add -f second ../two &&
 	tokens_match "origin second" "$(git remote)" &&
-	check_remote_track origin master side &&
-	check_remote_track second master side another &&
 	check_tracking_branch second master side another &&
 	git for-each-ref "--format=%(refname)" refs/remotes |
 	sed -e "/^refs\/remotes\/origin\//d" \
@@ -77,6 +75,14 @@
 )
 '
 
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'check remote tracking' '
+(
+	cd test &&
+	check_remote_track origin master side &&
+	check_remote_track second master side another
+)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'remote forces tracking branches' '
 (
 	cd test &&
@@ -95,7 +101,7 @@
 )
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'remove remote' '
+test_expect_success C_LOCALE_OUTPUT 'remove remote' '
 (
 	cd test &&
 	tokens_match origin "$(git remote)" &&
@@ -125,14 +131,14 @@
 	} &&
 	git tag footag &&
 	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
-	git remote rm oops 2>actual1 &&
+	git remote remove oops 2>actual1 &&
 	git branch foobranch &&
 	git config --add remote.oops.fetch "+refs/*:refs/*" &&
 	git remote rm oops 2>actual2 &&
 	git branch -d foobranch &&
 	git tag -d footag &&
-	test_cmp expect1 actual1 &&
-	test_cmp expect2 actual2
+	test_i18ncmp expect1 actual1 &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect2 actual2
 )
 '
 
@@ -192,7 +198,7 @@
 	 git config --add remote.two.push refs/heads/master:refs/heads/another &&
 	 git remote show origin two > output &&
 	 git branch -d rebase octopus &&
-	 test_cmp expect output)
+	 test_i18ncmp expect output)
 '
 
 cat > test/expect << EOF
@@ -217,7 +223,7 @@
 	 cd test &&
 	 git remote show -n origin > output &&
 	 mv ../one.unreachable ../one &&
-	 test_cmp expect output)
+	 test_i18ncmp expect output)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'prune' '
@@ -255,7 +261,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'set-head --auto fails w/multiple HEADs' '
 	(cd test &&
 	 test_must_fail git remote set-head --auto two >output 2>&1 &&
-	test_cmp expect output)
+	test_i18ncmp expect output)
 '
 
 cat >test/expect <<EOF
@@ -285,7 +291,7 @@
 	 test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/origin/side &&
 	(cd ../one &&
 	 git branch -m side side2) &&
-	 test_cmp expect output)
+	 test_i18ncmp expect output)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add --mirror && prune' '
@@ -672,7 +678,7 @@
 	git clone one five &&
 	origin_url=$(pwd)/one &&
 	(cd five &&
-	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git remote remove origin &&
 	 mkdir -p .git/remotes &&
 	 cat ../remotes_origin > .git/remotes/origin &&
 	 git remote rename origin origin &&
@@ -705,7 +711,7 @@
 		cd seven &&
 		git remote prune origin
 	) >err 2>&1 &&
-	grep "has become dangling" err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "has become dangling" err &&
 
 	: And the dangling symref will not cause other annoying errors &&
 	(
diff --git a/t/t5510-fetch.sh b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
index 7e433b1..d7a19a1 100755
--- a/t/t5510-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5510-fetch.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,14 @@
 	test "$2" = $(grep '^[0-9a-f]\{40\} ' verify.out | wc -l)
 }
 
+convert_bundle_to_pack () {
+	while read x && test -n "$x"
+	do
+		:;
+	done
+	cat
+}
+
 test_expect_success setup '
 	echo >file original &&
 	git add file &&
@@ -70,12 +78,62 @@
 	master_in_two=`cd ../two && git rev-parse master` &&
 	one_in_two=`cd ../two && git rev-parse one` &&
 	{
-		echo "$master_in_two	not-for-merge"
 		echo "$one_in_two	"
+		echo "$master_in_two	not-for-merge"
 	} >expected &&
 	cut -f -2 .git/FETCH_HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual'
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch --prune on its own works as expected' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone . prune &&
+	cd prune &&
+	git fetch origin refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/extrabranch &&
+
+	git fetch --prune origin &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse origin/extrabranch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --prune with a branch name keeps branches' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone . prune-branch &&
+	cd prune-branch &&
+	git fetch origin refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/extrabranch &&
+
+	git fetch --prune origin master &&
+	git rev-parse origin/extrabranch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --prune with a namespace keeps other namespaces' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone . prune-namespace &&
+	cd prune-namespace &&
+
+	git fetch --prune origin refs/heads/a/*:refs/remotes/origin/a/* &&
+	git rev-parse origin/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --prune --tags does not delete the remote-tracking branches' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone . prune-tags &&
+	cd prune-tags &&
+	git fetch origin refs/heads/master:refs/tags/sometag &&
+
+	git fetch --prune --tags origin &&
+	git rev-parse origin/master &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse somebranch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch --prune --tags with branch does not delete other remote-tracking branches' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git clone . prune-tags-branch &&
+	cd prune-tags-branch &&
+	git fetch origin refs/heads/master:refs/remotes/origin/extrabranch &&
+
+	git fetch --prune --tags origin master &&
+	git rev-parse origin/extrabranch
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch tags when there is no tags' '
 
     cd "$D" &&
@@ -104,6 +162,36 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch uses remote ref names to describe new refs' '
+	cd "$D" &&
+	git init descriptive &&
+	(
+		cd descriptive &&
+		git config remote.o.url .. &&
+		git config remote.o.fetch "refs/heads/*:refs/crazyheads/*" &&
+		git config --add remote.o.fetch "refs/others/*:refs/heads/*" &&
+		git fetch o
+	) &&
+	git tag -a -m "Descriptive tag" descriptive-tag &&
+	git branch descriptive-branch &&
+	git checkout descriptive-branch &&
+	echo "Nuts" >crazy &&
+	git add crazy &&
+	git commit -a -m "descriptive commit" &&
+	git update-ref refs/others/crazy HEAD &&
+	(
+		cd descriptive &&
+		git fetch o 2>actual &&
+		grep " -> refs/crazyheads/descriptive-branch$" actual |
+		test_i18ngrep "new branch" &&
+		grep " -> descriptive-tag$" actual |
+		test_i18ngrep "new tag" &&
+		grep " -> crazy$" actual |
+		test_i18ngrep "new ref"
+	) &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'fetch must not resolve short tag name' '
 
 	cd "$D" &&
@@ -116,7 +204,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'fetch must not resolve short remote name' '
+test_expect_success 'fetch can now resolve short remote name' '
 
 	cd "$D" &&
 	git update-ref refs/remotes/six/HEAD HEAD &&
@@ -125,8 +213,7 @@
 	cd six &&
 	git init &&
 
-	test_must_fail git fetch .. six:six
-
+	git fetch .. six:six
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'create bundle 1' '
@@ -157,13 +244,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle 1 has only 3 files ' '
 	cd "$D" &&
-	(
-		while read x && test -n "$x"
-		do
-			:;
-		done
-		cat
-	) <bundle1 >bundle.pack &&
+	convert_bundle_to_pack <bundle1 >bundle.pack &&
 	git index-pack bundle.pack &&
 	test_bundle_object_count bundle.pack 3
 '
@@ -180,13 +261,7 @@
 	git add file2 &&
 	git commit -m add.file2 file2 &&
 	git bundle create bundle3 -1 HEAD &&
-	(
-		while read x && test -n "$x"
-		do
-			:;
-		done
-		cat
-	) <bundle3 >bundle.pack &&
+	convert_bundle_to_pack <bundle3 >bundle.pack &&
 	git index-pack bundle.pack &&
 	test_bundle_object_count bundle.pack 3
 '
@@ -384,14 +459,31 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success "should be able to fetch with duplicate refspecs" '
-        mkdir dups &&
-        cd dups &&
-        git init &&
-        git config branch.master.remote three &&
-        git config remote.three.url ../three/.git &&
-        git config remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
-        git config --add remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
-        git fetch three
+	mkdir dups &&
+	(
+		cd dups &&
+		git init &&
+		git config branch.master.remote three &&
+		git config remote.three.url ../three/.git &&
+		git config remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
+		git config --add remote.three.fetch +refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/* &&
+		git fetch three
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'all boundary commits are excluded' '
+	test_commit base &&
+	test_commit oneside &&
+	git checkout HEAD^ &&
+	test_commit otherside &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge otherside &&
+	ad=$(git log --no-walk --format=%ad HEAD) &&
+	git bundle create twoside-boundary.bdl master --since="$ad" &&
+	convert_bundle_to_pack <twoside-boundary.bdl >twoside-boundary.pack &&
+	pack=$(git index-pack --fix-thin --stdin <twoside-boundary.pack) &&
+	test_bundle_object_count .git/objects/pack/pack-${pack##pack	}.pack 3
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
index 5c546c9..d16e5d3 100755
--- a/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
+++ b/t/t5512-ls-remote.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success setup '
-
 	>file &&
 	git add file &&
 	test_tick &&
@@ -18,45 +17,33 @@
 	) >expected.all &&
 
 	git remote add self "$(pwd)/.git"
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-remote --tags .git' '
-
 	git ls-remote --tags .git >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected.tag actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-remote .git' '
-
 	git ls-remote .git >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected.all actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-remote --tags self' '
-
 	git ls-remote --tags self >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected.tag actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ls-remote self' '
-
 	git ls-remote self >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected.all actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'dies when no remote specified and no default remotes found' '
-
 	test_must_fail git ls-remote
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'use "origin" when no remote specified' '
-
 	URL="$(pwd)/.git" &&
 	echo "From $URL" >exp_err &&
 
@@ -65,18 +52,14 @@
 
 	test_cmp exp_err actual_err &&
 	test_cmp expected.all actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'suppress "From <url>" with -q' '
-
 	git ls-remote -q 2>actual_err &&
 	test_must_fail test_cmp exp_err actual_err
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'use branch.<name>.remote if possible' '
-
 	#
 	# Test that we are indeed using branch.<name>.remote, not "origin", even
 	# though the "origin" remote has been set.
@@ -99,28 +82,24 @@
 	git ls-remote 2>actual_err >actual &&
 	test_cmp exp_err actual_err &&
 	test_cmp exp actual
-
 '
 
-cat >exp <<EOF
-fatal: 'refs*master' does not appear to be a git repository
-fatal: The remote end hung up unexpectedly
-EOF
 test_expect_success 'confuses pattern as remote when no remote specified' '
-	#
-	# Do not expect "git ls-remote <pattern>" to work; ls-remote, correctly,
-	# confuses <pattern> for <remote>. Although ugly, this behaviour is akin
-	# to the confusion of refspecs for remotes by git-fetch and git-push,
-	# eg:
-	#
-	#   $ git fetch branch
-	#
+	cat >exp <<-\EOF &&
+	fatal: '\''refs*master'\'' does not appear to be a git repository
+	fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
 
+	Please make sure you have the correct access rights
+	and the repository exists.
+	EOF
+	#
+	# Do not expect "git ls-remote <pattern>" to work; ls-remote needs
+	# <remote> if you want to feed <pattern>, just like you cannot say
+	# fetch <branch>.
 	# We could just as easily have used "master"; the "*" emphasizes its
 	# role as a pattern.
 	test_must_fail git ls-remote refs*master >actual 2>&1 &&
 	test_cmp exp actual
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'die with non-2 for wrong repository even with --exit-code' '
diff --git a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
index 227dd56..0f81409 100755
--- a/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
+++ b/t/t5514-fetch-multiple.sh
@@ -151,4 +151,34 @@
 	 test_cmp ../expect output)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all --no-tags' '
+	>expect &&
+	git clone one test5 &&
+	git clone test5 test6 &&
+	(cd test5 && git tag test-tag) &&
+	(
+		cd test6 &&
+		git fetch --all --no-tags &&
+		git tag >output
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect test6/output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git fetch --all --tags' '
+	echo test-tag >expect &&
+	git clone one test7 &&
+	git clone test7 test8 &&
+	(
+		cd test7 &&
+		test_commit test-tag &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd test8 &&
+		git fetch --all --tags &&
+		git tag >output
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect test8/output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default
index 2e0414f..a1bc3d5 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-branches-default
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
index ca2cc1d..12ab08e 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-default-merge
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
index 7d947cd..5442752 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-merge_branches-default
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-default-merge branches-default
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
index ec39c54..498a761 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # br-branches-default-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
index 6bf42e2..0857f13 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default-octopus_branches-default
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
 # br-branches-default-octopus branches-default
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default_branches-default
index 4a2bf3c..8cbd718 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-default_branches-default
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-branches-default branches-default
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one
index 12ac8d2..c98f670 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
index b4b3b35..54a7742 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-one-merge
-8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
index 2ecef38..b4d1bb0 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-merge_branches-one
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-one-merge branches-one
-8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
index 96e3029..97c4b54 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-one-octopus
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
index 55e0bad..df705f7 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one-octopus_branches-one
@@ -1,9 +1,9 @@
 # br-branches-one-octopus branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one_branches-one
index 281fa09..96890e5 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-branches-one_branches-one
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-branches-one branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit
index e2fa9c8..68fc927 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge
index ec1a723..5ce764a 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-explicit-merge
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge_config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge_config-explicit
index 54f6891..b1152b7 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge_config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-merge_config-explicit
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-explicit-merge config-explicit
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus
index 7011dfc..110577b 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-explicit-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus_config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus_config-explicit
index bdad51f..a29dd8b 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus_config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit-octopus_config-explicit
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-explicit-octopus config-explicit
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit_config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit_config-explicit
index 1b237dd..b19b016 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit_config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-explicit_config-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob
index e75ec2f..946d70c 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge
index ce8f739..89f2596 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-glob-merge
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge_config-glob
index 5817bed..2ba4832 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-merge_config-glob
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-glob-merge config-glob
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
index 938e532..64994df 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-glob-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
index c9225bf..681a725 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob-octopus_config-glob
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-config-glob-octopus config-glob
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob_config-glob
index a6c20f9..19daf0c 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-config-glob_config-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit
index 83534d2..ab44bc5 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge
index a9064dd..d018b35 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-explicit-merge
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge_remote-explicit
index 732a37e..0d3d780 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge_remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-merge_remote-explicit
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-explicit-merge remote-explicit
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus
index ecf020d..6f84304 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-explicit-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus_remote-explicit
index af77531..3546a83 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus_remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit-octopus_remote-explicit
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-explicit-octopus remote-explicit
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit_remote-explicit
index 51fae56..01e014e 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit_remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-explicit_remote-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob
index 94e6ad3..09bfcee 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge
index 09362e2..7e1a433 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-glob-merge
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge_remote-glob
index e2eabec..53571bb 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-merge_remote-glob
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-glob-merge remote-glob
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
index b08e046..c7c8b6d 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-glob-octopus
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
index d4d547c..36076fb 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob-octopus_remote-glob
@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 # br-remote-glob-octopus remote-glob
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8		branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	branch 'master' of ../
+0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob_remote-glob
index 646dbc8..20ba5cb 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-remote-glob_remote-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig
index 65ce6d9..887ccfc 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_--tags_.._.git b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_--tags_.._.git
index 8258c80..1669cc4 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_--tags_.._.git
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_--tags_.._.git
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # br-unconfig --tags ../.git
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
index f02bab2..7411536 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		tag 'tag-one' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
index 85de411..7726983 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # br-unconfig ../.git tag tag-one-tree tag tag-three-file
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
index 0da2337..7b3750c 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # br-unconfig ../.git tag tag-one tag tag-three
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		tag 'tag-one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		tag 'tag-three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899		tag 'tag-three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-default
index fc7041e..da30e3c 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-default
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-unconfig branches-default
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-one
index e94cde7..e461431 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_branches-one
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # br-unconfig branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-explicit
index 01a283e..ed323c9 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-glob
index 3a556c5..2372ed0 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_config-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-explicit
index db216df..6318dd1 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-glob
index aee65c2..1d9afad 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.br-unconfig_remote-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master b/t/t5515/fetch.master
index 950fd07..9b29d67 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_--tags_.._.git b/t/t5515/fetch.master_--tags_.._.git
index 0e59950..8a74935 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_--tags_.._.git
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_--tags_.._.git
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # master --tags ../.git
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
index 8286852..0672d12 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_one_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		tag 'tag-one' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
index 2e133ef..0fd737c 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one-tree_tag_tag-three-file
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # master ../.git tag tag-one-tree tag tag-three-file
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
index 92b18b4..e488986 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_.._.git_tag_tag-one_tag_tag-three
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 # master ../.git tag tag-one tag tag-three
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		tag 'tag-one' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b		tag 'tag-three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899		tag 'tag-three' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-default b/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-default
index 603d6d2..2eedd3b 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-default
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-default
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # master branches-default
 754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f		branch 'master' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-one b/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-one
index fe9bb0b..901ce21 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-one
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_branches-one
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # master branches-one
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689		branch 'one' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-explicit
index 4be97c7..251c826 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-glob
index cb0726f..27c158e 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_config-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-explicit b/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-explicit
index 44a1ca8..b3cfe6b 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-explicit
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-explicit
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-glob b/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-glob
index 724e8db..118befd 100644
--- a/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-glob
+++ b/t/t5515/fetch.master_remote-glob
@@ -3,9 +3,9 @@
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	branch 'one' of ../
 0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	branch 'three' of ../
 6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	branch 'two' of ../
-754b754407bf032e9a2f9d5a9ad05ca79a6b228f	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
+6c9dec2b923228c9ff994c6cfe4ae16c12408dc5	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-master' of ../
 8e32a6d901327a23ef831511badce7bf3bf46689	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one' of ../
 22feea448b023a2d864ef94b013735af34d238ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-one-tree' of ../
-0567da4d5edd2ff4bb292a465ba9e64dcad9536b	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
+c61a82b60967180544e3c19f819ddbd0c9f89899	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three' of ../
 0e3b14047d3ee365f4f2a1b673db059c3972589c	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-three-file' of ../
-6134ee8f857693b96ff1cc98d3e2fd62b199e5a8	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
+525b7fb068d59950d185a8779dc957c77eed73ba	not-for-merge	tag 'tag-two' of ../
diff --git a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
index b69cf57..8f024a0 100755
--- a/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5516-fetch-push.sh
@@ -368,7 +368,7 @@
 		git branch -D frotz
 	fi &&
 	git tag -f frotz &&
-	git push testrepo frotz &&
+	git push -f testrepo frotz &&
 	check_push_result $the_commit tags/frotz &&
 	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/frotz
 
@@ -929,6 +929,27 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push requires --force to update lightweight tag' '
+	mk_test heads/master &&
+	mk_child child1 &&
+	mk_child child2 &&
+	(
+		cd child1 &&
+		git tag Tag &&
+		git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "file1" &&
+		git tag -f Tag &&
+		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag &&
+		git push --force ../child2 Tag &&
+		git tag -f Tag &&
+		test_must_fail git push ../child2 Tag HEAD~ &&
+		git push --force ../child2 Tag
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'push --porcelain' '
 	mk_empty &&
 	echo >.git/foo  "To testrepo" &&
@@ -979,4 +1000,20 @@
 	test_cmp .git/foo .git/bar
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push --prune' '
+	mk_test heads/master heads/second heads/foo heads/bar &&
+	git push --prune testrepo &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit heads/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/second &&
+	! check_push_result $the_first_commit heads/foo heads/bar
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --prune refspec' '
+	mk_test tmp/master tmp/second tmp/foo tmp/bar &&
+	git push --prune testrepo "refs/heads/*:refs/tmp/*" &&
+	check_push_result $the_commit tmp/master &&
+	check_push_result $the_first_commit tmp/second &&
+	! check_push_result $the_first_commit tmp/foo tmp/bar
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5520-pull.sh b/t/t5520-pull.sh
index 0e5eb67..35304b4 100755
--- a/t/t5520-pull.sh
+++ b/t/t5520-pull.sh
@@ -94,16 +94,35 @@
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
 	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
 '
+test_expect_success 'pull.rebase' '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git config --bool pull.rebase true &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset pull.rebase" &&
+	git pull . copy &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
+	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase' '
 	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
-	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase 1 &&
+	git config --bool branch.to-rebase.rebase true &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset branch.to-rebase.rebase" &&
 	git pull . copy &&
-	git config branch.to-rebase.rebase 0 &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) = $(git rev-parse copy) &&
 	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'branch.to-rebase.rebase should override pull.rebase' '
+	git reset --hard before-rebase &&
+	git config --bool pull.rebase true &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset pull.rebase" &&
+	git config --bool branch.to-rebase.rebase false &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset branch.to-rebase.rebase" &&
+	git pull . copy &&
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^) != $(git rev-parse copy) &&
+	test new = $(git show HEAD:file2)
+'
+
 test_expect_success '--rebase with rebased upstream' '
 
 	git remote add -f me . &&
diff --git a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
index c229fe6..3683df1 100755
--- a/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
+++ b/t/t5523-push-upstream.sh
@@ -101,11 +101,19 @@
 	! grep "Writing objects" err
 '
 
-test_expect_failure TTY 'push --no-progress suppresses progress' '
+test_expect_success TTY 'push --no-progress suppresses progress' '
 	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
 
 	test_terminal git push -u --no-progress upstream master >out 2>err &&
+	! grep "Unpacking objects" err &&
 	! grep "Writing objects" err
 '
 
+test_expect_success TTY 'quiet push' '
+	ensure_fresh_upstream &&
+
+	test_terminal git push --quiet --no-progress upstream master 2>&1 | tee output &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh b/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..edea9f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5527-fetch-odd-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test fetching of oddly-named refs'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# afterwards we will have:
+#  HEAD - two
+#  refs/for/refs/heads/master - one
+#  refs/heads/master - three
+test_expect_success 'setup repo with odd suffix ref' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	git update-ref refs/for/refs/heads/master HEAD &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m three &&
+	git checkout HEAD^
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'suffix ref is ignored during fetch' '
+	git clone --bare file://"$PWD" suffix &&
+	echo three >expect &&
+	git --git-dir=suffix log -1 --format=%s refs/heads/master >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5528-push-default.sh b/t/t5528-push-default.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..4736da8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5528-push-default.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check various push.default settings'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup bare remotes' '
+	git init --bare repo1 &&
+	git remote add parent1 repo1 &&
+	git init --bare repo2 &&
+	git remote add parent2 repo2 &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git push parent1 HEAD &&
+	git push parent2 HEAD
+'
+
+# $1 = local revision
+# $2 = remote revision (tested to be equal to the local one)
+check_pushed_commit () {
+	git log -1 --format='%h %s' "$1" >expect &&
+	git --git-dir=repo1 log -1 --format='%h %s' "$2" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+# $1 = push.default value
+# $2 = expected target branch for the push
+test_push_success () {
+	git -c push.default="$1" push &&
+	check_pushed_commit HEAD "$2"
+}
+
+# $1 = push.default value
+# check that push fails and does not modify any remote branch
+test_push_failure () {
+	git --git-dir=repo1 log --no-walk --format='%h %s' --all >expect &&
+	test_must_fail git -c push.default="$1" push &&
+	git --git-dir=repo1 log --no-walk --format='%h %s' --all >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success '"upstream" pushes to configured upstream' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote parent1 &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge refs/heads/foo &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_push_success upstream foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"upstream" does not push on unconfigured remote' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_unconfig branch.master.remote &&
+	test_config push.default upstream &&
+	test_commit three &&
+	test_push_failure upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"upstream" does not push on unconfigured branch' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote parent1 &&
+	test_unconfig branch.master.merge &&
+	test_config push.default upstream
+	test_commit four &&
+	test_push_failure upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"upstream" does not push when remotes do not match' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_config branch.master.remote parent1 &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge refs/heads/foo &&
+	test_config push.default upstream &&
+	test_commit five &&
+	test_must_fail git push parent2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push from/to new branch with upstream, matching and simple' '
+	git checkout -b new-branch &&
+	test_push_failure simple &&
+	test_push_failure matching &&
+	test_push_failure upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push from/to new branch with current creates remote branch' '
+	test_config branch.new-branch.remote repo1 &&
+	git checkout new-branch &&
+	test_push_success current new-branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to existing branch, with no upstream configured' '
+	test_config branch.master.remote repo1 &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_push_failure simple &&
+	test_push_failure upstream
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to existing branch, upstream configured with same name' '
+	test_config branch.master.remote repo1 &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge refs/heads/master &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit six &&
+	test_push_success upstream master &&
+	test_commit seven &&
+	test_push_success simple master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to existing branch, upstream configured with different name' '
+	test_config branch.master.remote repo1 &&
+	test_config branch.master.merge refs/heads/other-name &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit eight &&
+	test_push_success upstream other-name &&
+	test_commit nine &&
+	test_push_failure simple &&
+	git --git-dir=repo1 log -1 --format="%h %s" "other-name" >expect-other-name &&
+	test_push_success current master &&
+	git --git-dir=repo1 log -1 --format="%h %s" "other-name" >actual-other-name &&
+	test_cmp expect-other-name actual-other-name
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
index 6b2a5f4..c983d36 100755
--- a/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
+++ b/t/t5530-upload-pack-error.sh
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@
 	printf "0032want %s\n00000009done\n0000" \
 		$(git rev-parse HEAD) >input &&
 	test_must_fail git upload-pack . <input >/dev/null 2>output.err &&
-	grep "unable to read" output.err &&
-	grep "pack-objects died" output.err
+	test_i18ngrep "unable to read" output.err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "pack-objects died" output.err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt repo differently' '
diff --git a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
index 30bec4b..1947c28 100755
--- a/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5531-deep-submodule-push.sh
@@ -119,4 +119,98 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push unpushed submodules when not needed' '
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		(
+			cd gar/bage &&
+			git checkout master &&
+			>junk5 &&
+			git add junk5 &&
+			git commit -m "Fifth junk" &&
+			git push &&
+			git rev-parse origin/master >../../../expected
+		) &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Fifth commit for gar/bage" &&
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule.git &&
+		git rev-parse master >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push unpushed submodules when not needed 2' '
+	(
+		cd submodule.git &&
+		git rev-parse master >../expected
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		(
+			cd gar/bage &&
+			>junk6 &&
+			git add junk6 &&
+			git commit -m "Sixth junk"
+		) &&
+		>junk2 &&
+		git add junk2 &&
+		git commit -m "Second junk for work" &&
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule.git &&
+		git rev-parse master >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push unpushed submodules recursively' '
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		(
+			cd gar/bage &&
+			git checkout master &&
+			> junk7 &&
+			git add junk7 &&
+			git commit -m "Seventh junk" &&
+			git rev-parse master >../../../expected
+		) &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Seventh commit for gar/bage" &&
+		git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule.git &&
+		git rev-parse master >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push unpushable submodule recursively fails' '
+	(
+		cd work &&
+		(
+			cd gar/bage &&
+			git rev-parse origin/master >../../../expected &&
+			git checkout master~0 &&
+			> junk8 &&
+			git add junk8 &&
+			git commit -m "Eighth junk"
+		) &&
+		git add gar/bage &&
+		git commit -m "Eighth commit for gar/bage" &&
+		test_must_fail git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand ../pub.git master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd submodule.git &&
+		git rev-parse master >../actual
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
index 62f2460..5531bd1 100755
--- a/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
+++ b/t/t5532-fetch-proxy.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 cat >proxy <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
 echo >&2 "proxying for $*"
-cmd=`perl -e '
+cmd=`"$PERL_PATH" -e '
 	read(STDIN, $buf, 4);
 	my $n = hex($buf) - 4;
 	read(STDIN, $buf, $n);
diff --git a/t/t5535-fetch-push-symref.sh b/t/t5535-fetch-push-symref.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8ed58d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5535-fetch-push-symref.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='avoiding conflicting update thru symref aliasing'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	test_commit one &&
+	git clone . src &&
+	git clone src dst1 &&
+	git clone src dst2 &&
+	test_commit two &&
+	( cd src && git pull )
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push' '
+	(
+		cd src &&
+		git push ../dst1 "refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*"
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote src "refs/remotes/*" >expect &&
+	git ls-remote dst1 "refs/remotes/*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	( cd src && git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD ) >expect &&
+	( cd dst1 && git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD ) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch' '
+	(
+		cd dst2 &&
+		git fetch ../src "refs/remotes/*:refs/remotes/*"
+	) &&
+	git ls-remote src "refs/remotes/*" >expect &&
+	git ls-remote dst2 "refs/remotes/*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	( cd src && git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD ) >expect &&
+	( cd dst2 && git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD ) >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5540-http-push.sh b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
index 64767d8..01d0d95 100755
--- a/t/t5540-http-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5540-http-push.sh
@@ -40,6 +40,14 @@
 	mv test_repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'create password-protected repository' '
+	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb" &&
+	cp -Rf "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git" \
+	       "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/test_repo.git"
+'
+
+setup_askpass_helper
+
 test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
 	cd "$ROOT_PATH" &&
 	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
@@ -101,7 +109,7 @@
 	# By reset, we force git to retrieve the packed object
 	(cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone_packed &&
 	 git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	 git remote rm origin &&
+	 git remote remove origin &&
 	 git reflog expire --expire=0 --all &&
 	 git prune &&
 	 git push -f -v $HTTPD_URL/dumb/test_repo_packed.git master)
@@ -144,6 +152,31 @@
 test_http_push_nonff "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/test_repo.git \
 	"$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone master
 
+test_expect_success 'push to password-protected repository (user in URL)' '
+	test_commit pw-user &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL_USER/auth/dumb/test_repo.git" HEAD &&
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/test_repo.git" \
+		rev-parse --verify HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'user was prompted only once for password' '
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'push to password-protected repository (no user in URL)' '
+	test_commit pw-nouser &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/test_repo.git" HEAD &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host
+	git rev-parse --verify HEAD >expect &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/test_repo.git" \
+		rev-parse --verify HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5541-http-push.sh b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
index a73c826..4b4b4a6 100755
--- a/t/t5541-http-push.sh
+++ b/t/t5541-http-push.sh
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
 ROOT_PATH="$PWD"
 LIB_HTTPD_PORT=${LIB_HTTPD_PORT-'5541'}
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-httpd.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 start_httpd
 
 test_expect_success 'setup remote repository' '
@@ -29,11 +30,14 @@
 	git clone --bare test_repo test_repo.git &&
 	cd test_repo.git &&
 	git config http.receivepack true &&
+	git config core.logallrefupdates true &&
 	ORIG_HEAD=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	cd - &&
 	mv test_repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"
 '
 
+setup_askpass_helper
+
 cat >exp <<EOF
 GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
@@ -62,7 +66,10 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'clone remote repository' '
 	rm -rf test_repo_clone &&
-	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/test_repo.git test_repo_clone
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/test_repo.git test_repo_clone &&
+	(
+		cd test_repo_clone && git config push.default matching
+	)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push to remote repository (standard)' '
@@ -95,6 +102,32 @@
 	test_must_fail git show-ref --verify refs/remotes/origin/dev
 '
 
+cat >"$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git/hooks/update" <<EOF
+#!/bin/sh
+exit 1
+EOF
+chmod a+x "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git/hooks/update"
+
+cat >exp <<EOF
+remote: error: hook declined to update refs/heads/dev2
+To http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/smart/test_repo.git
+ ! [remote rejected] dev2 -> dev2 (hook declined)
+error: failed to push some refs to 'http://127.0.0.1:$LIB_HTTPD_PORT/smart/test_repo.git'
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'rejected update prints status' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	git checkout -b dev2 &&
+	: >path4 &&
+	git add path4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m dev2 &&
+	test_must_fail git push origin dev2 2>act &&
+	sed -e "/^remote: /s/ *$//" <act >cmp &&
+	test_cmp exp cmp
+'
+rm -f "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git/hooks/update"
+
 cat >exp <<EOF
 
 GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1 200
@@ -106,6 +139,8 @@
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+GET  /smart/test_repo.git/info/refs?service=git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
+POST /smart/test_repo.git/git-receive-pack HTTP/1.1 200
 EOF
 test_expect_success 'used receive-pack service' '
 	sed -e "
@@ -138,7 +173,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'push fails for non-fast-forward refs unmatched by remote helper: our output' '
-	test_i18ngrep "To prevent you from losing history, non-fast-forward updates were rejected" \
+	test_i18ngrep "Updates were rejected because" \
 		output
 '
 
@@ -154,5 +189,111 @@
 	 test $HEAD = $(git rev-parse --verify HEAD))
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'push --all can push to empty repo' '
+	d=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/empty-all.git &&
+	git init --bare "$d" &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" config http.receivepack true &&
+	git push --all "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/empty-all.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --mirror can push to empty repo' '
+	d=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/empty-mirror.git &&
+	git init --bare "$d" &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" config http.receivepack true &&
+	git push --mirror "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/empty-mirror.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --all to repo with alternates' '
+	s=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git &&
+	d=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/alternates-all.git &&
+	git clone --bare --shared "$s" "$d" &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" config http.receivepack true &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" repack -adl &&
+	git push --all "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/alternates-all.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --mirror to repo with alternates' '
+	s=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git &&
+	d=$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/alternates-mirror.git &&
+	git clone --bare --shared "$s" "$d" &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" config http.receivepack true &&
+	git --git-dir="$d" repack -adl &&
+	git push --mirror "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/alternates-mirror.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'push shows progress when stderr is a tty' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit noisy &&
+	test_terminal git push >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^Writing objects" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'push --quiet silences status and progress' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit quiet &&
+	test_terminal git push --quiet >output 2>&1 &&
+	test_cmp /dev/null output
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY 'push --no-progress silences progress but not status' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit no-progress &&
+	test_terminal git push --no-progress >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^To http" output &&
+	! grep "^Writing objects"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push --progress shows progress to non-tty' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit progress &&
+	git push --progress >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep "^To http" output &&
+	grep "^Writing objects" output
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http push gives sane defaults to reflog' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit reflog-test &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL"/smart/test_repo.git &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git" \
+		log -g -1 --format="%gn <%ge>" >actual &&
+	echo "anonymous <anonymous@http.127.0.0.1>" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http push respects GIT_COMMITTER_* in reflog' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH"/test_repo_clone &&
+	test_commit custom-reflog-test &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL"/smart_custom_env/test_repo.git &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git" \
+		log -g -1 --format="%gn <%ge>" >actual &&
+	echo "Custom User <custom@example.com>" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push over smart http with auth' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH/test_repo_clone" &&
+	echo push-auth-test >expect &&
+	test_commit push-auth-test &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL"/auth/smart/test_repo.git &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git" \
+		log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push to auth-only-for-push repo' '
+	cd "$ROOT_PATH/test_repo_clone" &&
+	echo push-half-auth >expect &&
+	test_commit push-half-auth &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git push "$HTTPD_URL"/auth-push/smart/test_repo.git &&
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/test_repo.git" \
+		log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
index 311a33c..80d20c8 100755
--- a/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5550-http-fetch.sh
@@ -13,17 +13,22 @@
 start_httpd
 
 test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
-	echo content >file &&
+	echo content1 >file &&
 	git add file &&
 	git commit -m one
+	echo content2 >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m two
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository' '
-	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+test_expect_success 'create http-accessible bare repository with loose objects' '
+	cp -R .git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
-	 git --bare init &&
+	 git config core.bare true &&
+	 mkdir -p hooks &&
 	 echo "exec git update-server-info" >hooks/post-update &&
-	 chmod +x hooks/post-update
+	 chmod +x hooks/post-update &&
+	 hooks/post-update
 	) &&
 	git remote add public "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
 	git push public master:master
@@ -36,53 +41,60 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'create password-protected repository' '
-	mkdir "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/" &&
+	mkdir -p "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/" &&
 	cp -Rf "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
-	       "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/repo.git"
+	       "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/auth/dumb/repo.git"
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'setup askpass helpers' '
-	cat >askpass <<-EOF &&
-	#!/bin/sh
-	echo >>"$PWD/askpass-query" "askpass: \$*" &&
-	cat "$PWD/askpass-response"
-	EOF
-	chmod +x askpass &&
-	GIT_ASKPASS="$PWD/askpass" &&
-	export GIT_ASKPASS &&
-	>askpass-expect-none &&
-	echo "askpass: Password for '\''$HTTPD_DEST'\'': " >askpass-expect-pass &&
-	{ echo "askpass: Username for '\''$HTTPD_DEST'\'': " &&
-	  cat askpass-expect-pass
-	} >askpass-expect-both
-'
+setup_askpass_helper
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning password-protected repository can fail' '
-	>askpass-query &&
-	echo wrong >askpass-response &&
-	test_must_fail git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/repo.git" clone-auth-fail &&
-	test_cmp askpass-expect-both askpass-query
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	test_must_fail git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-fail &&
+	expect_askpass both wrong
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http auth can use user/pass in URL' '
-	>askpass-query &&
-	echo wrong >askpass-reponse &&
-	git clone "$HTTPD_URL_USER_PASS/auth/repo.git" clone-auth-none &&
-	test_cmp askpass-expect-none askpass-query
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL_USER_PASS/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-none &&
+	expect_askpass none
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http auth can use just user in URL' '
-	>askpass-query &&
-	echo user@host >askpass-response &&
-	git clone "$HTTPD_URL_USER/auth/repo.git" clone-auth-pass &&
-	test_cmp askpass-expect-pass askpass-query
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL_USER/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-pass &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'http auth can request both user and pass' '
-	>askpass-query &&
-	echo user@host >askpass-response &&
-	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/repo.git" clone-auth-both &&
-	test_cmp askpass-expect-both askpass-query
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-both &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http auth respects credential helper config' '
+	test_config_global credential.helper "!f() {
+		cat >/dev/null
+		echo username=user@host
+		echo password=user@host
+	}; f" &&
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-helper &&
+	expect_askpass none
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'http auth can get username from config' '
+	test_config_global "credential.$HTTPD_URL.username" user@host &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-user &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'configured username does not override URL' '
+	test_config_global "credential.$HTTPD_URL.username" wrong &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone "$HTTPD_URL_USER/auth/dumb/repo.git" clone-auth-user2 &&
+	expect_askpass pass user@host
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fetch changes via http' '
@@ -118,8 +130,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'fetch packed objects' '
 	cp -R "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo.git "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
 	(cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
-	 git --bare repack &&
-	 git --bare prune-packed
+	 git --bare repack -a -d
 	) &&
 	git clone $HTTPD_URL/dumb/repo_pack.git
 '
diff --git a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
index 26d3557..c5cd2e3 100755
--- a/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
+++ b/t/t5551-http-fetch.sh
@@ -27,16 +27,19 @@
 	git push public master:master
 '
 
+setup_askpass_helper
+
 cat >exp <<EOF
 > GET /smart/repo.git/info/refs?service=git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
 > Accept: */*
+> Accept-Encoding: gzip
 > Pragma: no-cache
 < HTTP/1.1 200 OK
 < Pragma: no-cache
 < Cache-Control: no-cache, max-age=0, must-revalidate
 < Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-advertisement
 > POST /smart/repo.git/git-upload-pack HTTP/1.1
-> Accept-Encoding: deflate, gzip
+> Accept-Encoding: gzip
 > Content-Type: application/x-git-upload-pack-request
 > Accept: application/x-git-upload-pack-result
 > Content-Length: xxx
@@ -109,5 +112,81 @@
 	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart-redir-temp/repo.git --quiet repo-t
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone from password-protected repository' '
+	echo two >expect &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone --bare "$HTTPD_URL/auth/smart/repo.git" smart-auth &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host &&
+	git --git-dir=smart-auth log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone from auth-only-for-push repository' '
+	echo two >expect &&
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	git clone --bare "$HTTPD_URL/auth-push/smart/repo.git" smart-noauth &&
+	expect_askpass none &&
+	git --git-dir=smart-noauth log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone from auth-only-for-objects repository' '
+	echo two >expect &&
+	set_askpass user@host &&
+	git clone --bare "$HTTPD_URL/auth-fetch/smart/repo.git" half-auth &&
+	expect_askpass both user@host &&
+	git --git-dir=half-auth log -1 --format=%s >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-op half-auth fetch does not require a password' '
+	set_askpass wrong &&
+	git --git-dir=half-auth fetch &&
+	expect_askpass none
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disable dumb http on server' '
+	git --git-dir="$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" \
+		config http.getanyfile false
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'GIT_SMART_HTTP can disable smart http' '
+	(GIT_SMART_HTTP=0 &&
+	 export GIT_SMART_HTTP &&
+	 cd clone &&
+	 test_must_fail git fetch)
+'
+
+test -n "$GIT_TEST_LONG" && test_set_prereq EXPENSIVE
+
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'create 50,000 tags in the repo' '
+	(
+	cd "$HTTPD_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	for i in `test_seq 50000`
+	do
+		echo "commit refs/heads/too-many-refs"
+		echo "mark :$i"
+		echo "committer git <git@example.com> $i +0000"
+		echo "data 0"
+		echo "M 644 inline bla.txt"
+		echo "data 4"
+		echo "bla"
+		# make every commit dangling by always
+		# rewinding the branch after each commit
+		echo "reset refs/heads/too-many-refs"
+		echo "from :1"
+	done | git fast-import --export-marks=marks &&
+
+	# now assign tags to all the dangling commits we created above
+	tag=$("$PERL_PATH" -e "print \"bla\" x 30") &&
+	sed -e "s/^:\(.\+\) \(.\+\)$/\2 refs\/tags\/$tag-\1/" <marks >>packed-refs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success EXPENSIVE 'clone the 50,000 tag repo to check OS command line overflow' '
+	git clone $HTTPD_URL/smart/repo.git too-many-refs 2>err &&
+	test_line_count = 0 err
+'
+
 stop_httpd
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh b/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
index 0ad7ce0..ef98d95 100755
--- a/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
+++ b/t/t5560-http-backend-noserver.sh
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 GET() {
 	REQUEST_METHOD="GET" && export REQUEST_METHOD &&
 	run_backend "/repo.git/$1" &&
-	unset REQUEST_METHOD &&
+	sane_unset REQUEST_METHOD &&
 	if ! grep "Status" act.out >act
 	then
 		printf "Status: 200 OK\r\n" >act
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@
 	REQUEST_METHOD="POST" && export REQUEST_METHOD &&
 	CONTENT_TYPE="application/x-$1-request" && export CONTENT_TYPE &&
 	run_backend "/repo.git/$1" "$2" &&
-	unset REQUEST_METHOD &&
-	unset CONTENT_TYPE &&
+	sane_unset REQUEST_METHOD &&
+	sane_unset CONTENT_TYPE &&
 	if ! grep "Status" act.out >act
 	then
 		printf "Status: 200 OK\r\n" >act
diff --git a/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..a3a4e47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5570-git-daemon.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test fetching over git protocol'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT=${LIB_GIT_DAEMON_PORT-5570}
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-git-daemon.sh
+start_git_daemon
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	echo content >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create git-accessible bare repository' '
+	mkdir "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 : >git-daemon-export-ok
+	) &&
+	git remote add public "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git" &&
+	git push public master:master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone git repository' '
+	git clone "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo.git" clone &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch changes via git protocol' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git push public &&
+	(cd clone && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp file clone/file
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'remote detects correct HEAD' '
+	git push public master:other &&
+	(cd clone &&
+	 git remote set-head -d origin &&
+	 git remote set-head -a origin &&
+	 git symbolic-ref refs/remotes/origin/HEAD > output &&
+	 echo refs/remotes/origin/master > expect &&
+	 test_cmp expect output
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare pack objects' '
+	cp -R "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo.git "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git &&
+	 git --bare repack -a -d
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt pack' '
+	cp -R "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
+	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad1.git &&
+	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack` &&
+	 chmod u+w $p &&
+	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
+	) &&
+	mkdir repo_bad1.git &&
+	(cd repo_bad1.git &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo_bad1.git" &&
+	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack/pack-*.pack | wc -l`
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch notices corrupt idx' '
+	cp -R "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_pack.git "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
+	(cd "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH"/repo_bad2.git &&
+	 p=`ls objects/pack/pack-*.idx` &&
+	 chmod u+w $p &&
+	 printf %0256d 0 | dd of=$p bs=256 count=1 seek=1 conv=notrunc
+	) &&
+	mkdir repo_bad2.git &&
+	(cd repo_bad2.git &&
+	 git --bare init &&
+	 test_must_fail git --bare fetch "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/repo_bad2.git" &&
+	 test 0 = `ls objects/pack | wc -l`
+	)
+'
+
+test_remote_error()
+{
+	do_export=YesPlease
+	while test $# -gt 0
+	do
+		case $1 in
+		-x)
+			shift
+			chmod -x "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git"
+			;;
+		-n)
+			shift
+			do_export=
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+		esac
+	done
+
+	msg=$1
+	shift
+	cmd=$1
+	shift
+	repo=$1
+	shift || error "invalid number of arguments"
+
+	if test -x "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/$repo"
+	then
+		if test -n "$do_export"
+		then
+			: >"$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/$repo/git-daemon-export-ok"
+		else
+			rm -f "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/$repo/git-daemon-export-ok"
+		fi
+	fi
+
+	test_must_fail git "$cmd" "$GIT_DAEMON_URL/$repo" "$@" 2>output &&
+	echo "fatal: remote error: $msg: /$repo" >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+	ret=$?
+	chmod +x "$GIT_DAEMON_DOCUMENT_ROOT_PATH/repo.git"
+	(exit $ret)
+}
+
+msg="access denied or repository not exported"
+test_expect_success 'clone non-existent' "test_remote_error    '$msg' clone nowhere.git    "
+test_expect_success 'push disabled'      "test_remote_error    '$msg' push  repo.git master"
+test_expect_success 'read access denied' "test_remote_error -x '$msg' fetch repo.git       "
+test_expect_success 'not exported'       "test_remote_error -n '$msg' fetch repo.git       "
+
+stop_git_daemon
+start_git_daemon --informative-errors
+
+test_expect_success 'clone non-existent' "test_remote_error    'no such repository'      clone nowhere.git    "
+test_expect_success 'push disabled'      "test_remote_error    'service not enabled'     push  repo.git master"
+test_expect_success 'read access denied' "test_remote_error -x 'no such repository'      fetch repo.git       "
+test_expect_success 'not exported'       "test_remote_error -n 'repository not exported' fetch repo.git       "
+
+stop_git_daemon
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6f9916a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5571-pre-push-hook.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='check pre-push hooks'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+# Setup hook that always succeeds
+HOOKDIR="$(git rev-parse --git-dir)/hooks"
+HOOK="$HOOKDIR/pre-push"
+mkdir -p "$HOOKDIR"
+write_script "$HOOK" <<EOF
+cat >/dev/null
+exit 0
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	git config push.default upstream &&
+	git init --bare repo1 &&
+	git remote add parent1 repo1 &&
+	test_commit one &&
+	git push parent1 HEAD:foreign
+'
+write_script "$HOOK" <<EOF
+cat >/dev/null
+exit 1
+EOF
+
+COMMIT1="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT1
+
+test_expect_success 'push with failing hook' '
+	test_commit two &&
+	test_must_fail git push parent1 HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--no-verify bypasses hook' '
+	git push --no-verify parent1 HEAD
+'
+
+COMMIT2="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT2
+
+write_script "$HOOK" <<'EOF'
+echo "$1" >actual
+echo "$2" >>actual
+cat >>actual
+EOF
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/heads/master $COMMIT2 refs/heads/foreign $COMMIT1
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push with hook' '
+	git push parent1 master:foreign &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add a branch' '
+	git checkout -b other parent1/foreign &&
+	test_commit three
+'
+
+COMMIT3="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
+export COMMIT3
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/heads/other $COMMIT3 refs/heads/foreign $COMMIT2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push to default' '
+	git push &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+refs/tags/one $COMMIT1 refs/tags/tag1 $_z40
+HEAD~ $COMMIT2 refs/heads/prev $_z40
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push non-branches' '
+	git push parent1 one:tag1 HEAD~:refs/heads/prev &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+parent1
+repo1
+(delete) $_z40 refs/heads/prev $COMMIT2
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push delete' '
+	git push parent1 :prev &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+repo1
+repo1
+HEAD $COMMIT3 refs/heads/other $_z40
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'push to URL' '
+	git push repo1 HEAD &&
+	diff expected actual
+'
+
+# Test that filling pipe buffers doesn't cause failure
+# Too slow to leave enabled for general use
+if false
+then
+	printf 'parent1\nrepo1\n' >expected
+	nr=1000
+	while test $nr -lt 2000
+	do
+		nr=$(( $nr + 1 ))
+		git branch b/$nr $COMMIT3
+		echo "refs/heads/b/$nr $COMMIT3 refs/heads/b/$nr $_z40" >>expected
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success 'push many refs' '
+		git push parent1 "refs/heads/b/*:refs/heads/b/*" &&
+		diff expected actual
+	'
+fi
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
index ee06d28..4435693 100755
--- a/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
+++ b/t/t5600-clone-fail-cleanup.sh
@@ -37,6 +37,16 @@
 
 test_expect_success \
     'successful clone must leave the directory' \
-    'cd bar'
+    'test -d bar'
+
+test_expect_success 'failed clone --separate-git-dir should not leave any directories' '
+	mkdir foo/.git/objects.bak/ &&
+	mv foo/.git/objects/* foo/.git/objects.bak/ &&
+	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir gitdir foo worktree &&
+	test_must_fail test -e gitdir &&
+	test_must_fail test -e worktree &&
+	mv foo/.git/objects.bak/* foo/.git/objects/ &&
+	rmdir foo/.git/objects.bak
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5601-clone.sh b/t/t5601-clone.sh
index e810314..67869b4 100755
--- a/t/t5601-clone.sh
+++ b/t/t5601-clone.sh
@@ -9,10 +9,13 @@
 	rm -fr .git &&
 	test_create_repo src &&
 	(
-		cd src
-		>file
-		git add file
-		git commit -m initial
+		cd src &&
+		>file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m initial &&
+		echo 1 >file &&
+		git add file &&
+		git commit -m updated
 	)
 
 '
@@ -88,6 +91,26 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone --mirror with detached HEAD' '
+
+	( cd src && git checkout HEAD^ && git rev-parse HEAD >../expected ) &&
+	git clone --mirror src mirror.detached &&
+	( cd src && git checkout - ) &&
+	GIT_DIR=mirror.detached git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --bare with detached HEAD' '
+
+	( cd src && git checkout HEAD^ && git rev-parse HEAD >../expected ) &&
+	git clone --bare src bare.detached &&
+	( cd src && git checkout - ) &&
+	GIT_DIR=bare.detached git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone --bare names the local repository <name>.git' '
 
 	git clone --bare src &&
@@ -206,6 +229,20 @@
 	git clone dst/.git dst2
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'fetch from .git gitfile' '
+	(
+		cd dst2 &&
+		git fetch ../dst/.git
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch from gitfile parent' '
+	(
+		cd dst2 &&
+		git fetch ../dst
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'clone separate gitdir where target already exists' '
 	rm -rf dst &&
 	test_must_fail git clone --separate-git-dir realgitdir src dst
@@ -234,4 +271,13 @@
 	grep /src/\\.git/objects target-10/objects/info/alternates
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'clone checking out a tag' '
+	git clone --branch=some-tag src dst.tag &&
+	GIT_DIR=src/.git git rev-parse some-tag >expected &&
+	test_cmp expected dst.tag/.git/HEAD &&
+	GIT_DIR=dst.tag/.git git config remote.origin.fetch >fetch.actual &&
+	echo "+refs/heads/*:refs/remotes/origin/*" >fetch.expected &&
+	test_cmp fetch.expected fetch.actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
index 895f559..c47d450 100755
--- a/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
+++ b/t/t5700-clone-reference.sh
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' \
-'test `wc -l <C/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 2'
+'test_line_count = 2 C/.git/objects/info/alternates'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -52,18 +52,18 @@
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-rm -f "$U"
+rm -f "$U.D"
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning with reference (no -l -s)' \
-'GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D 3>"$U"'
+'GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git clone --reference B "file://$(pwd)/A" D 3>"$U.D"'
 
 test_expect_success 'fetched no objects' \
-'! grep "^want" "$U"'
+'! grep "^want" "$U.D"'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'existence of info/alternates' \
-'test `wc -l <D/.git/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+'test_line_count = 1 D/.git/objects/info/alternates'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -146,4 +146,39 @@
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
+test_expect_success 'clone with reference from a tagged repository' '
+	(
+		cd A && git tag -a -m 'tagged' HEAD
+	) &&
+	git clone --reference=A A I
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare branched repository' '
+	git clone A J &&
+	(
+		cd J &&
+		git checkout -b other master^ &&
+		echo other >otherfile &&
+		git add otherfile &&
+		git commit -m other &&
+		git checkout master
+	)
+'
+
+rm -f "$U.K"
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch with incomplete alternates' '
+	git init K &&
+	echo "$base_dir/A/.git/objects" >K/.git/objects/info/alternates &&
+	(
+		cd K &&
+		git remote add J "file://$base_dir/J" &&
+		GIT_DEBUG_SEND_PACK=3 git fetch J 3>"$U.K"
+	) &&
+	master_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/heads/master) &&
+	! grep "^want $master_object" "$U.K" &&
+	tag_object=$(cd A && git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname)" refs/tags/HEAD) &&
+	! grep "^want $tag_object" "$U.K"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
index 6972258..7ff6e0e 100755
--- a/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
+++ b/t/t5701-clone-local.sh
@@ -3,7 +3,10 @@
 test_description='test local clone'
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
-D=`pwd`
+repo_is_hardlinked() {
+	find "$1/objects" -type f -links 1 >output &&
+	test_line_count = 0 output
+}
 
 test_expect_success 'preparing origin repository' '
 	: >file && git add . && git commit -m1 &&
@@ -19,105 +22,72 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local clone without .git suffix' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone -l -s a b &&
-	cd b &&
+	(cd b &&
 	test "$(GIT_CONFIG=.git/config git config --bool core.bare)" = false &&
-	git fetch
+	git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local clone with .git suffix' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone -l -s a.git c &&
-	cd c &&
-	git fetch
+	(cd c && git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local clone from x' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone -l -s x y &&
-	cd y &&
-	git fetch
+	(cd y && git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local clone from x.git that does not exist' '
-	cd "$D" &&
-	if git clone -l -s x.git z
-	then
-		echo "Oops, should have failed"
-		false
-	else
-		echo happy
-	fi
+	test_must_fail git clone -l -s x.git z
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'With -no-hardlinks, local will make a copy' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone --bare --no-hardlinks x w &&
-	cd w &&
-	linked=$(find objects -type f ! -links 1 | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 = $linked
+	! repo_is_hardlinked w
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'Even without -l, local will make a hardlink' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	rm -fr w &&
 	git clone -l --bare x w &&
-	cd w &&
-	copied=$(find objects -type f -links 1 | wc -l) &&
-	test 0 = $copied
+	repo_is_hardlinked w
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'local clone of repo with nonexistent ref in HEAD' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	echo "ref: refs/heads/nonexistent" > a.git/HEAD &&
 	git clone a d &&
-	cd d &&
+	(cd d &&
 	git fetch &&
-	test ! -e .git/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD'
+	test ! -e .git/refs/remotes/origin/HEAD)
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle clone without .bundle suffix' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone dir/b3 &&
-	cd b3 &&
-	git fetch
+	(cd b3 && git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle clone with .bundle suffix' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone b1.bundle &&
-	cd b1 &&
-	git fetch
+	(cd b1 && git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle clone from b4' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone b4 bdl &&
-	cd bdl &&
-	git fetch
+	(cd bdl && git fetch)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle clone from b4.bundle that does not exist' '
-	cd "$D" &&
-	if git clone b4.bundle bb
-	then
-		echo "Oops, should have failed"
-		false
-	else
-		echo happy
-	fi
+	test_must_fail git clone b4.bundle bb
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'bundle clone with nonexistent HEAD' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	git clone b2.bundle b2 &&
-	cd b2 &&
+	(cd b2 &&
 	git fetch &&
-	test ! -e .git/refs/heads/master
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone empty repository' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	mkdir empty &&
 	(cd empty &&
 	 git init &&
@@ -135,7 +105,6 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'clone empty repository, and then push should not segfault.' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	rm -fr empty/ empty-clone/ &&
 	mkdir empty &&
 	(cd empty && git init) &&
@@ -145,16 +114,24 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning non-existent directory fails' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	rm -rf does-not-exist &&
 	test_must_fail git clone does-not-exist
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning non-git directory fails' '
-	cd "$D" &&
 	rm -rf not-a-git-repo not-a-git-repo-clone &&
 	mkdir not-a-git-repo &&
 	test_must_fail git clone not-a-git-repo not-a-git-repo-clone
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cloning file:// does not hardlink' '
+	git clone --bare file://"$(pwd)"/a non-local &&
+	! repo_is_hardlinked non-local
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning a local path with --no-local does not hardlink' '
+	git clone --bare --no-local a force-nonlocal &&
+	! repo_is_hardlinked force-nonlocal
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5704-bundle.sh b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
index 728ccd8..9e43731 100755
--- a/t/t5704-bundle.sh
+++ b/t/t5704-bundle.sh
@@ -4,53 +4,58 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
-
-	: > file &&
-	git add file &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m initial &&
+	test_commit initial &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git tag -m tag tag &&
-	: > file2 &&
-	git add file2 &&
-	: > file3 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m second &&
-	git add file3 &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m third
-
+	test_commit second &&
+	test_commit third &&
+	git tag -d initial &&
+	git tag -d second &&
+	git tag -d third
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'tags can be excluded by rev-list options' '
-
 	git bundle create bundle --all --since=7.Apr.2005.15:16:00.-0700 &&
 	git ls-remote bundle > output &&
 	! grep tag output
-
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'die if bundle file cannot be created' '
-
 	mkdir adir &&
 	test_must_fail git bundle create adir --all
-
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'bundle --stdin' '
-
 	echo master | git bundle create stdin-bundle.bdl --stdin &&
 	git ls-remote stdin-bundle.bdl >output &&
 	grep master output
-
 '
 
 test_expect_failure 'bundle --stdin <rev-list options>' '
-
 	echo master | git bundle create hybrid-bundle.bdl --stdin tag &&
 	git ls-remote hybrid-bundle.bdl >output &&
 	grep master output
+'
 
+test_expect_success 'empty bundle file is rejected' '
+	: >empty-bundle &&
+	test_must_fail git fetch empty-bundle
+'
+
+# This triggers a bug in older versions where the resulting line (with
+# --pretty=oneline) was longer than a 1024-char buffer.
+test_expect_success 'ridiculously long subject in boundary' '
+	: >file4 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git add file4 &&
+	printf "%01200d\n" 0 | git commit -F - &&
+	test_commit fifth &&
+	git bundle create long-subject-bundle.bdl HEAD^..HEAD &&
+	git bundle list-heads long-subject-bundle.bdl >heads &&
+	test -s heads &&
+	git fetch long-subject-bundle.bdl &&
+	sed -n "/^-/{p;q;}" long-subject-bundle.bdl >boundary &&
+	grep "^-[0-9a-f]\\{40\\} " boundary
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh b/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
index f3f9a76..56be67e 100755
--- a/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t5706-clone-branch.sh
@@ -57,12 +57,8 @@
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'clone -b with bogus branch chooses HEAD' '
-	git clone -b bogus parent clone-bogus &&
-	(cd clone-bogus &&
-	 check_HEAD master &&
-	 check_file one
-	)
+test_expect_success 'clone -b with bogus branch' '
+	test_must_fail git clone -b bogus parent clone-bogus
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5709-clone-refspec.sh b/t/t5709-clone-refspec.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6f1ea98
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5709-clone-refspec.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test refspec written by clone-command'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	# Make two branches, "master" and "side"
+	echo one >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	echo two >file &&
+	git commit -a -m two &&
+	git tag two &&
+	echo three >file &&
+	git commit -a -m three &&
+	git checkout -b side &&
+	echo four >file &&
+	git commit -a -m four &&
+	git checkout master &&
+
+	# default clone
+	git clone . dir_all &&
+
+	# default --single that follows HEAD=master
+	git clone --single-branch . dir_master &&
+
+	# default --single that follows HEAD=side
+	git checkout side &&
+	git clone --single-branch . dir_side &&
+
+	# explicit --single that follows side
+	git checkout master &&
+	git clone --single-branch --branch side . dir_side2 &&
+
+	# default --single with --mirror
+	git clone --single-branch --mirror . dir_mirror &&
+
+	# default --single with --branch and --mirror
+	git clone --single-branch --mirror --branch side . dir_mirror_side &&
+
+	# --single that does not know what branch to follow
+	git checkout two^ &&
+	git clone --single-branch . dir_detached &&
+
+	# explicit --single with tag
+	git clone --single-branch --branch two . dir_tag &&
+
+	# advance both "master" and "side" branches
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo five >file &&
+	git commit -a -m five &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	echo six >file &&
+	git commit -a -m six &&
+
+	# update tag
+	git tag -d two && git tag two
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'by default all branches will be kept updated' '
+	(
+		cd dir_all && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	) &&
+	# follow both master and side
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'by default no tags will be kept updated' '
+	(
+		cd dir_all && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
+	test_must_fail test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at master' '
+	(
+		cd dir_master && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	) &&
+	# only follow master
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads/master >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch while HEAD pointing at side' '
+	(
+		cd dir_side && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	) &&
+	# only follow side
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads/side >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch side' '
+	(
+		cd dir_side2 && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	) &&
+	# only follow side
+	git for-each-ref refs/heads/side >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch with tag fetches updated tag' '
+	(
+		cd dir_tag && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/tags >../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs/tags >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with --mirror' '
+	(
+		cd dir_mirror && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs > ../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with explicit --branch and --mirror' '
+	(
+		cd dir_mirror_side && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs > ../actual
+	) &&
+	git for-each-ref refs >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--single-branch with detached' '
+	(
+		cd dir_detached && git fetch &&
+		git for-each-ref refs/remotes/origin |
+		sed -e "/HEAD$/d" \
+		    -e "s|/remotes/origin/|/heads/|" >../actual
+	)
+	# nothing
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
index ef7127c..aa04529 100755
--- a/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
+++ b/t/t5710-info-alternate.sh
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@
 
 test_valid_repo() {
 	git fsck --full > fsck.log &&
-	test `wc -l < fsck.log` = 0
+	test_line_count = 0 fsck.log
 }
 
 base_dir=`pwd`
diff --git a/t/t5800-remote-helpers.sh b/t/t5800-remote-testpy.sh
similarity index 65%
rename from t/t5800-remote-helpers.sh
rename to t/t5800-remote-testpy.sh
index 1c62001..1e683d4 100755
--- a/t/t5800-remote-helpers.sh
+++ b/t/t5800-remote-testpy.sh
@@ -3,12 +3,12 @@
 # Copyright (c) 2010 Sverre Rabbelier
 #
 
-test_description='Test remote-helper import and export commands'
+test_description='Test python remote-helper framework'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON ; then
-	skip_all='skipping git-remote-hg tests, python not available'
+	skip_all='skipping python remote-helper tests, python not available'
 	test_done
 fi
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@
 if sys.hexversion < 0x02040000:
     sys.exit(1)
 ' || {
-	skip_all='skipping git-remote-hg tests, python version < 2.4'
+	skip_all='skipping python remote-helper tests, python version < 2.4'
 	test_done
 }
 
@@ -38,12 +38,12 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning from local repo' '
-	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" localclone &&
+	git clone "testpy::${PWD}/server" localclone &&
 	test_cmp public/file localclone/file
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'cloning from remote repo' '
-	git clone "testgit::file://${PWD}/server" clone &&
+	git clone "testpy::file://${PWD}/server" clone &&
 	test_cmp public/file clone/file
 '
 
@@ -72,6 +72,19 @@
 	compare_refs localclone HEAD server HEAD
 '
 
+# Generally, skip this test.  It demonstrates a now-fixed race in
+# git-remote-testpy, but is too slow to leave in for general use.
+: test_expect_success 'racily pushing to local repo' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf server2 localclone2" &&
+	cp -R server server2 &&
+	git clone "testpy::${PWD}/server2" localclone2 &&
+	(cd localclone2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m three &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY=2 git push) &&
+	compare_refs localclone2 HEAD server2 HEAD
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'synch with changes from localclone' '
 	(cd clone &&
 	 git pull)
@@ -132,4 +145,25 @@
 	compare_refs clone HEAD server refs/heads/new-refspec
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'proper failure checks for fetching' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	cd localclone &&
+	test_must_fail git fetch 2>&1 | \
+		grep "Error while running fast-import"
+	)
+'
+
+# We sleep to give fast-export a chance to catch the SIGPIPE
+test_expect_failure 'proper failure checks for pushing' '
+	(GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_FAILURE &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY=1 &&
+	export GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_SLEEPY &&
+	cd localclone &&
+	test_must_fail git push --all 2>&1 | \
+		grep "Error while running fast-export"
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f387027
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5801-remote-helpers.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2010 Sverre Rabbelier
+#
+
+test_description='Test remote-helper import and export commands'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+if ! type "${BASH-bash}" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-testgit tests, bash not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+compare_refs() {
+	git --git-dir="$1/.git" rev-parse --verify $2 >expect &&
+	git --git-dir="$3/.git" rev-parse --verify $4 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'setup repository' '
+	git init server &&
+	(cd server &&
+	 echo content >file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 git commit -m one)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning from local repo' '
+	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" local &&
+	test_cmp server/file local/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create new commit on remote' '
+	(cd server &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m two)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling from local repo' '
+	(cd local && git pull) &&
+	test_cmp server/file local/file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pushing to local repo' '
+	(cd local &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m three &&
+	git push) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch new branch' '
+	(cd server &&
+	 git reset --hard &&
+	 git checkout -b new &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m five
+	) &&
+	(cd local &&
+	 git fetch origin new
+	) &&
+	compare_refs server HEAD local FETCH_HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch multiple branches' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git fetch
+	) &&
+	compare_refs server master local refs/remotes/origin/master &&
+	compare_refs server new local refs/remotes/origin/new
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push when remote has extra refs' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git reset --hard origin/master &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m six &&
+	 git push
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local master server master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push new branch by name' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git checkout -b new-name  &&
+	 echo content >>file &&
+	 git commit -a -m seven &&
+	 git push origin new-name
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server refs/heads/new-name
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'push new branch with old:new refspec' '
+	(cd local &&
+	 git push origin new-name:new-refspec
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local HEAD server refs/heads/new-refspec
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cloning without refspec' '
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" \
+	git clone "testgit::${PWD}/server" local2 &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling without refspecs' '
+	(cd local2 &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" git pull) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'pushing without refspecs' '
+	test_when_finished "(cd local2 && git reset --hard origin)" &&
+	(cd local2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m ten &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="" git push) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling with straight refspec' '
+	(cd local2 &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="*:*" git pull) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'pushing with straight refspec' '
+	test_when_finished "(cd local2 && git reset --hard origin)" &&
+	(cd local2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m eleven &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_REFSPEC="*:*" git push) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pulling without marks' '
+	(cd local2 &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS=1 git pull) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'pushing without marks' '
+	test_when_finished "(cd local2 && git reset --hard origin)" &&
+	(cd local2 &&
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m twelve &&
+	GIT_REMOTE_TESTGIT_NO_MARKS=1 git push) &&
+	compare_refs local2 HEAD server HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push all with existing object' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git branch dup2 master &&
+	git push origin --all
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local dup2 server dup2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'push ref with existing object' '
+	(cd local &&
+	git branch dup master &&
+	git push origin dup
+	) &&
+	compare_refs local dup server dup
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh b/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..3d5b418
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t5900-repo-selection.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='selecting remote repo in ambiguous cases'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+reset() {
+	rm -rf foo foo.git fetch clone
+}
+
+make_tree() {
+	git init "$1" &&
+	(cd "$1" && test_commit "$1")
+}
+
+make_bare() {
+	git init --bare "$1" &&
+	(cd "$1" &&
+	 tree=`git hash-object -w -t tree /dev/null` &&
+	 commit=$(echo "$1" | git commit-tree $tree) &&
+	 git update-ref HEAD $commit
+	)
+}
+
+get() {
+	git init --bare fetch &&
+	(cd fetch && git fetch "../$1") &&
+	git clone "$1" clone
+}
+
+check() {
+	echo "$1" >expect &&
+	(cd fetch && git log -1 --format=%s FETCH_HEAD) >actual.fetch &&
+	(cd clone && git log -1 --format=%s HEAD) >actual.clone &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.fetch &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.clone
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'find .git dir in worktree' '
+	reset &&
+	make_tree foo &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'automagically add .git suffix' '
+	reset &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'automagically add .git suffix to worktree' '
+	reset &&
+	make_tree foo.git &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prefer worktree foo over bare foo.git' '
+	reset &&
+	make_tree foo &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prefer bare foo over bare foo.git' '
+	reset &&
+	make_bare foo &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'disambiguate with full foo.git' '
+	reset &&
+	make_bare foo &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	get foo.git &&
+	check foo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'we are not fooled by non-git foo directory' '
+	reset &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	mkdir foo &&
+	get foo &&
+	check foo.git
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prefer inner .git over outer bare' '
+	reset &&
+	make_tree foo &&
+	make_bare foo.git &&
+	mv foo/.git foo.git &&
+	get foo.git &&
+	check foo
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
index d918cc0..3fc3b74 100755
--- a/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
+++ b/t/t6006-rev-list-format.sh
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 test_description='git rev-list --pretty=format test'
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
 test_tick
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -11,12 +12,24 @@
 '
 
 # usage: test_format name format_string <expected_output
-test_format() {
+test_format () {
 	cat >expect.$1
 	test_expect_success "format $1" "
-git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
-test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
-"
+		git rev-list --pretty=format:'$2' master >output.$1 &&
+		test_cmp expect.$1 output.$1
+	"
+}
+
+# Feed to --format to provide predictable colored sequences.
+AUTO_COLOR='%C(auto,red)foo%C(auto,reset)'
+has_color () {
+	printf '\033[31mfoo\033[m\n' >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$1"
+}
+
+has_no_color () {
+	echo foo >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect "$1"
 }
 
 test_format percent %%h <<'EOF'
@@ -124,6 +137,48 @@
 [1;31;43mfoo[m
 EOF
 
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) does not enable color by default' '
+	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_no_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.diff' '
+	git -c color.diff=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) enables colors for color.ui' '
+	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color' '
+	git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color >actual &&
+	has_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --no-color' '
+	git -c color.ui=always log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --no-color >actual &&
+	has_no_color actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success TTY '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout is tty)' '
+	(
+		TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
+		test_terminal \
+			git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+		has_color actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '%C(auto) respects --color=auto (stdout not tty)' '
+	(
+		TERM=vt100 && export TERM &&
+		git log --format=$AUTO_COLOR -1 --color=auto >actual &&
+		has_no_color actual
+	)
+'
+
 cat >commit-msg <<'EOF'
 Test printing of complex bodies
 
@@ -188,23 +243,23 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'del LF before empty (1)' '
 	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%n%-b%nThanks%n" HEAD^^ >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 2
+	test_line_count = 2 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'del LF before empty (2)' '
 	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%n%-b%nThanks%n" HEAD >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 6 &&
+	test_line_count = 6 actual &&
 	grep "^$" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add LF before non-empty (1)' '
 	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%+b%nThanks%n" HEAD^^ >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 2
+	test_line_count = 2 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add LF before non-empty (2)' '
 	git show -s --pretty=format:"%s%+b%nThanks%n" HEAD >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 6 &&
+	test_line_count = 6 actual &&
 	grep "^$" actual
 '
 
@@ -267,13 +322,27 @@
 	test_cmp expect.gd-short actual.gd-short
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reflog identity' '
+	echo "C O Mitter:committer@example.com" >expect &&
+	git log -g -1 --format="%gn:%ge" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'oneline with empty message' '
 	git commit -m "dummy" --allow-empty &&
 	git commit -m "dummy" --allow-empty &&
 	git filter-branch --msg-filter "sed -e s/dummy//" HEAD^^.. &&
 	git rev-list --oneline HEAD >test.txt &&
-	test $(git rev-list --oneline HEAD | wc -l) -eq 5 &&
-	test $(git rev-list --oneline --graph HEAD | wc -l) -eq 5
+	test_line_count = 5 test.txt &&
+	git rev-list --oneline --graph HEAD >testg.txt &&
+	test_line_count = 5 testg.txt
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single-character name is parsed correctly' '
+	git commit --author="a <a@example.com>" --allow-empty -m foo &&
+	echo "a <a@example.com>" >expect &&
+	git log -1 --format="%an <%ae>" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh b/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh
index e51eb41..bbb0581 100755
--- a/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t6011-rev-list-with-bad-commit.sh
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'corrupt second commit object' \
    '
-   perl -i.bak -pe "s/second commit/socond commit/" .git/objects/pack/*.pack &&
+   "$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -pe "s/second commit/socond commit/" .git/objects/pack/*.pack &&
    test_must_fail git fsck --full
    '
 
diff --git a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
index af34a1e..839ad97 100755
--- a/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
+++ b/t/t6012-rev-list-simplify.sh
@@ -86,5 +86,6 @@
 check_result 'I E C B A' --simplify-merges -- file
 check_result 'I B A' -- file
 check_result 'I B A' --topo-order -- file
+check_result 'H' --first-parent -- another-file
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
index 59fc2f0..892a537 100755
--- a/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
+++ b/t/t6013-rev-list-reverse-parents.sh
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--reverse --parents --full-history combines correctly' '
 	git rev-list --parents --full-history master -- foo |
-		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
 	git rev-list --reverse --parents --full-history master -- foo \
 		> actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success '--boundary does too' '
 	git rev-list --boundary --parents --full-history master ^root -- foo |
-		perl -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -e "print reverse <>" > expected &&
 	git rev-list --boundary --reverse --parents --full-history \
 		master ^root -- foo > actual &&
 	test_cmp actual expected
diff --git a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
index 9d8584e..c680f78 100755
--- a/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6022-merge-rename.sh
@@ -242,10 +242,10 @@
 	rm -f A M N &&
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git checkout change+rename &&
-	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change | grep "^Skipped B" &&
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change | test_i18ngrep "^Skipped B" &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
 	git checkout change &&
-	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename | grep "^Skipped B"
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=3 git merge change+rename | test_i18ngrep "^Skipped B"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup for rename + d/f conflicts' '
@@ -303,9 +303,9 @@
 	git checkout -q renamed-file-has-no-conflicts^0 &&
 	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive dir-in-way >output &&
 
-	grep "CONFLICT (modify/delete): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
-	grep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
-	grep "Adding as dir~HEAD instead" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (modify/delete): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Adding as dir~HEAD instead" output &&
 
 	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
 	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
@@ -325,9 +325,9 @@
 	test_must_fail git merge --strategy=recursive renamed-file-has-no-conflicts >output 2>errors &&
 
 	! grep "error: refusing to lose untracked file at" errors &&
-	grep "CONFLICT (modify/delete): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
-	grep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
-	grep "Adding as dir~renamed-file-has-no-conflicts instead" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (modify/delete): dir/file-in-the-way" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Auto-merging dir" output &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Adding as dir~renamed-file-has-no-conflicts instead" output &&
 
 	test 3 -eq "$(git ls-files -u | wc -l)" &&
 	test 2 -eq "$(git ls-files -u dir/file-in-the-way | wc -l)" &&
@@ -884,4 +884,20 @@
 	! grep "refusing to lose untracked file" errors.txt
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'do not follow renames for empty files' '
+	git checkout -f -b empty-base &&
+	>empty1 &&
+	git add empty1 &&
+	git commit -m base &&
+	echo content >empty1 &&
+	git add empty1 &&
+	git commit -m fill &&
+	git checkout -b empty-topic HEAD^ &&
+	git mv empty1 empty2 &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	test_must_fail git merge empty-base &&
+	>expect &&
+	test_cmp expect empty2
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
index a91644e..c518e9c 100755
--- a/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
+++ b/t/t6028-merge-up-to-date.sh
@@ -16,7 +16,12 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m second &&
 	git tag c1 &&
-	git branch test
+	git branch test &&
+	echo third >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m third &&
+	git tag c2
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'merge -s recursive up-to-date' '
@@ -74,4 +79,14 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'merge fast-forward octopus' '
+
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge c1 c2
+	expect=$(git rev-parse c2) &&
+	current=$(git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	test "$expect" = "$current"
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
index c6f1f9f..3e0e15f 100755
--- a/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
+++ b/t/t6030-bisect-porcelain.sh
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@
 	cp .git/BISECT_START saved &&
 	test_must_fail git bisect start $HASH4 foo -- &&
 	git branch > branch.output &&
-	grep "* (no branch)" branch.output > /dev/null &&
+	test_i18ngrep "* (no branch)" branch.output > /dev/null &&
 	test_cmp saved .git/BISECT_START
 '
 test_expect_success 'bisect start: no ".git/BISECT_START" if mistaken rev' '
@@ -480,7 +480,7 @@
 	git merge -m "merge HASH7 and SIDE_HASH7" "$HASH7" &&
 	B_HASH=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	git merge-base --all "$A_HASH" "$B_HASH" > merge_bases.txt &&
-	test $(wc -l < merge_bases.txt) = "2" &&
+	test_line_count = 2 merge_bases.txt &&
 	grep "$HASH5" merge_bases.txt &&
 	grep "$SIDE_HASH5" merge_bases.txt
 '
@@ -676,9 +676,7 @@
 check_same()
 {
 	echo "Checking $1 is the same as $2" &&
-	git rev-parse "$1" > expected.same &&
-	git rev-parse "$2" > expected.actual &&
-	test_cmp expected.same expected.actual
+	test_cmp_rev "$1" "$2"
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'bisect: --no-checkout - start commit bad' '
diff --git a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
index fdb6c25..15beecc 100755
--- a/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
+++ b/t/t6032-merge-large-rename.sh
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'massive simple rename does not spam added files' '
-	unset GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
+	sane_unset GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY &&
 	git merge --no-stat simple-rename | grep -v Removing >output &&
-	test 5 -gt "$(wc -l < output)"
+	test_line_count -lt 5 output
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
index 2cf42c7..3889eca 100755
--- a/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
+++ b/t/t6037-merge-ours-theirs.sh
@@ -53,7 +53,19 @@
 	! grep 1 file
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'pull with -X' '
+test_expect_success 'binary file with -Xours/-Xtheirs' '
+	echo file binary >.gitattributes &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git merge -s recursive -X theirs side &&
+	git diff --exit-code side HEAD -- file &&
+
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git merge -s recursive -X ours side &&
+	git diff --exit-code master HEAD -- file
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull passes -X to underlying merge' '
 	git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -Xours . side &&
 	git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -X ours . side &&
 	git reset --hard master && git pull -s recursive -Xtheirs . side &&
diff --git a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
index 19272bc..ec2b516 100755
--- a/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
+++ b/t/t6040-tracking-info.sh
@@ -71,13 +71,13 @@
 	(
 		cd test && git checkout b1
 	) >actual &&
-	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'checkout with local tracked branch' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git checkout follower >actual &&
-	grep "is ahead of" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "is ahead of" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status' '
@@ -87,14 +87,14 @@
 		# reports nothing to commit
 		test_must_fail git commit --dry-run
 	) >actual &&
-	grep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
+	test_i18ngrep "have 1 and 1 different" actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'fail to track lightweight tags' '
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag light &&
 	test_must_fail git branch --track lighttrack light >actual &&
-	test_must_fail grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "set up to track" actual &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout lighttrack
 '
 
@@ -102,7 +102,7 @@
 	git checkout master &&
 	git tag -m heavy heavy &&
 	test_must_fail git branch --track heavytrack heavy >actual &&
-	test_must_fail grep "set up to track" actual &&
+	test_i18ngrep ! "set up to track" actual &&
 	test_must_fail git checkout heavytrack
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh b/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
index 32591f9..411550d 100755
--- a/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
+++ b/t/t6042-merge-rename-corner-cases.sh
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@
 	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
 	test 0 -eq $(git ls-files -o | wc -l) &&
 
-	test 6 -eq $(wc -l < c) &&
+	test_line_count = 6 c &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:a) = $(git rev-parse B:a) &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD:b) = $(git rev-parse A:b)
 '
@@ -380,7 +380,7 @@
 	git checkout B^0 &&
 
 	test_must_fail git merge -s recursive C^0 >out &&
-	grep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
+	test_i18ngrep "CONFLICT (rename/rename)" out &&
 
 	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -s | wc -l) &&
 	test 2 -eq $(git ls-files -u | wc -l) &&
diff --git a/t/t6050-replace.sh b/t/t6050-replace.sh
index 5c87f28..decdc33 100755
--- a/t/t6050-replace.sh
+++ b/t/t6050-replace.sh
@@ -140,6 +140,17 @@
      test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace)"
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git replace" resolves sha1' '
+     SHORTHASH2=$(git rev-parse --short=8 $HASH2) &&
+     git replace -d $SHORTHASH2 &&
+     git replace $SHORTHASH2 $R &&
+     git show $HASH2 | grep "O Thor" &&
+     test_must_fail git replace $HASH2 $R &&
+     git replace -f $HASH2 $R &&
+     test_must_fail git replace -f &&
+     test "$HASH2" = "$(git replace)"
+'
+
 # This creates a side branch where the bug in H2
 # does not appear because P2 is created by applying
 # H2 and squashing H5 into it.
diff --git a/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..39ef619
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t6130-pathspec-noglob.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test globbing (and noglob) of pathspec limiting'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'create commits with glob characters' '
+	test_commit unrelated bar &&
+	test_commit vanilla foo &&
+	# insert file "f*" in the commit, but in a way that avoids
+	# the name "f*" in the worktree, because it is not allowed
+	# on Windows (the tests below do not depend on the presence
+	# of the file in the worktree)
+	git update-index --add --cacheinfo 100644 "$(git rev-parse HEAD:foo)" "f*" &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m star &&
+	test_commit bracket "f[o][o]"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'vanilla pathspec matches literally' '
+	echo vanilla >expect &&
+	git log --format=%s -- foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'star pathspec globs' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	bracket
+	star
+	vanilla
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'bracket pathspec globs and matches literal brackets' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	bracket
+	vanilla
+	EOF
+	git log --format=%s -- "f[o][o]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (vanilla)' '
+	echo vanilla >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (star)' '
+	echo star >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob option matches literally (bracket)' '
+	echo bracket >expect &&
+	git --literal-pathspecs log --format=%s -- "f[o][o]" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no-glob environment variable works' '
+	echo star >expect &&
+	GIT_LITERAL_PATHSPECS=1 git log --format=%s -- "f*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
index 9a16806..992c2a0 100755
--- a/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
+++ b/t/t6200-fmt-merge-msg.sh
@@ -35,15 +35,18 @@
 
 	echo "l3" >two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m "Left #3" &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Another Committer" \
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Author" git commit -a -m "Left #3" &&
 
 	echo "l4" >two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m "Left #4" &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Another Committer" \
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Author" git commit -a -m "Left #4" &&
 
 	echo "l5" >two &&
 	test_tick &&
-	git commit -a -m "Left #5" &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="Another Committer" \
+	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="Another Author" git commit -a -m "Left #5" &&
 	git tag tag-l5 &&
 
 	git checkout right &&
@@ -99,6 +102,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -144,6 +149,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left: (5 commits)
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -159,6 +166,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -181,6 +190,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left: (5 commits)
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -196,6 +207,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF &&
 	Merge branch ${apos}left${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -225,6 +238,8 @@
 	cat >expected.log <<-EOF &&
 	Sync with left
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* ${apos}left${apos} of $(pwd):
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -256,6 +271,8 @@
 	cat >expected <<-EOF
 	Merge branches ${apos}left${apos} and ${apos}right${apos}
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -379,6 +396,8 @@
 	  Common #2
 	  Common #1
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* tag ${apos}tag-l5${apos}:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
@@ -407,6 +426,8 @@
 	  Common #2
 	  Common #1
 
+	# By Another Author (3) and A U Thor (2)
+	# Via Another Committer
 	* left:
 	  Left #5
 	  Left #4
diff --git a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
index 1721784..752f5cb 100755
--- a/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
+++ b/t/t6300-for-each-ref.sh
@@ -456,4 +456,14 @@
 body contents
 $sig"
 
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+408fe76d02a785a006c2e9c669b7be5589ede96d <committer@example.com> refs/tags/master
+90b5ebede4899eda64893bc2a4c8f1d6fb6dfc40 <committer@example.com> refs/tags/bogo
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'Verify sort with multiple keys' '
+	git for-each-ref --format="%(objectname) %(taggeremail) %(refname)" --sort=objectname --sort=taggeremail \
+		refs/tags/bogo refs/tags/master > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t6500-gc.sh b/t/t6500-gc.sh
index 82f3639..b1a6365 100755
--- a/t/t6500-gc.sh
+++ b/t/t6500-gc.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'gc --gobbledegook' '
 	test_expect_code 129 git gc --nonsense 2>err &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git gc" err
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git gc" err
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'gc -h with invalid configuration' '
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@
 		echo "[gc] pruneexpire = CORRUPT" >>.git/config &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git gc -h >usage 2>&1
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage" broken/usage
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
index e022773..1e7a209 100755
--- a/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
+++ b/t/t7003-filter-branch.sh
@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	test_commit A &&
-	test_commit B &&
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="@0 +0000" GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="@0 +0000" &&
+	test_commit --notick B &&
 	git checkout -b branch B &&
 	test_commit D &&
 	mkdir dir &&
@@ -166,10 +167,11 @@
 	test_tick &&
 	GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="B V Uips" git commit -m bvuips &&
 	git branch preserved-author &&
-	git filter-branch -f --msg-filter "cat; \
+	(sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	 git filter-branch -f --msg-filter "cat; \
 			test \$GIT_COMMIT != $(git rev-parse master) || \
 			echo Hallo" \
-		preserved-author &&
+		preserved-author) &&
 	test 1 = $(git rev-list --author="B V Uips" preserved-author | wc -l)
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t7004-tag.sh b/t/t7004-tag.sh
index e93ac73..f5a79b1 100755
--- a/t/t7004-tag.sh
+++ b/t/t7004-tag.sh
@@ -263,6 +263,50 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'listing tags in column' '
+	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l --column=row >actual &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+a1      aa1     cba     t210    t211
+v0.2.1  v1.0    v1.0.1  v1.1.3
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing tags in column with column.*' '
+	git config column.tag row &&
+	git config column.ui dense &&
+	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l >actual &&
+	git config --unset column.ui &&
+	git config --unset column.tag &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+a1      aa1   cba     t210    t211
+v0.2.1  v1.0  v1.0.1  v1.1.3
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing tag with -n --column should fail' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --column -n
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'listing tags -n in column with column.ui ignored' '
+	git config column.ui "row dense" &&
+	COLUMNS=40 git tag -l -n >actual &&
+	git config --unset column.ui &&
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+a1              Foo
+aa1             Foo
+cba             Foo
+t210            Foo
+t211            Foo
+v0.2.1          Foo
+v1.0            Foo
+v1.0.1          Foo
+v1.1.3          Foo
+EOF
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 # creating and verifying lightweight tags:
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -586,6 +630,19 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'annotations for blobs are empty' '
+	blob=$(git hash-object -w --stdin <<-\EOF
+	Blob paragraph 1.
+
+	Blob paragraph 2.
+	EOF
+	) &&
+	git tag tag-blob $blob &&
+	echo "tag-blob        " >expect &&
+	git tag -n1 -l tag-blob >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 # trying to verify annotated non-signed tags:
 
 test_expect_success GPG \
@@ -1009,12 +1066,12 @@
 '
 
 # usage with rfc1991 signatures
-echo "rfc1991" > gpghome/gpg.conf
 get_tag_header rfc1991-signed-tag $commit commit $time >expect
 echo "RFC1991 signed tag" >>expect
 echo '-----BEGIN PGP MESSAGE-----' >>expect
 test_expect_success GPG \
 	'creating a signed tag with rfc1991' '
+	echo "rfc1991" >gpghome/gpg.conf &&
 	git tag -s -m "RFC1991 signed tag" rfc1991-signed-tag $commit &&
 	get_tag_msg rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -1028,6 +1085,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success GPG \
 	'reediting a signed tag body omits signature' '
+	echo "rfc1991" >gpghome/gpg.conf &&
 	echo "RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
 	GIT_EDITOR=./fakeeditor git tag -f -s rfc1991-signed-tag $commit &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
@@ -1035,11 +1093,13 @@
 
 test_expect_success GPG \
 	'verifying rfc1991 signature' '
+	echo "rfc1991" >gpghome/gpg.conf &&
 	git tag -v rfc1991-signed-tag
 '
 
 test_expect_success GPG \
 	'list tag with rfc1991 signature' '
+	echo "rfc1991" >gpghome/gpg.conf &&
 	echo "rfc1991-signed-tag RFC1991 signed tag" >expect &&
 	git tag -l -n1 rfc1991-signed-tag >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual &&
@@ -1269,4 +1329,43 @@
 	test_must_fail git tag -v -s
 '
 
+# check points-at
+
+test_expect_success '--points-at cannot be used in non-list mode' '
+	test_must_fail git tag --points-at=v4.0 foo
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--points-at finds lightweight tags' '
+	echo v4.0 >expect &&
+	git tag --points-at v4.0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--points-at finds annotated tags of commits' '
+	git tag -m "v4.0, annotated" annotated-v4.0 v4.0 &&
+	echo annotated-v4.0 >expect &&
+	git tag -l --points-at v4.0 "annotated*" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--points-at finds annotated tags of tags' '
+	git tag -m "describing the v4.0 tag object" \
+		annotated-again-v4.0 annotated-v4.0 &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	annotated-again-v4.0
+	annotated-v4.0
+	EOF
+	git tag --points-at=annotated-v4.0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple --points-at are OR-ed together' '
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	v2.0
+	v3.0
+	EOF
+	git tag --points-at=v2.0 --points-at=v3.0 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7006-pager.sh b/t/t7006-pager.sh
index 320e1d1..ff25908 100755
--- a/t/t7006-pager.sh
+++ b/t/t7006-pager.sh
@@ -6,11 +6,6 @@
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-pager.sh
 . "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-terminal.sh
 
-cleanup_fail() {
-	echo >&2 cleanup failed
-	(exit 1)
-}
-
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
 	sane_unset GIT_PAGER GIT_PAGER_IN_USE &&
 	test_unconfig core.pager &&
@@ -22,9 +17,7 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'some commands use a pager' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_terminal git log &&
 	test -e paginated.out
 '
@@ -45,49 +38,37 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'some commands do not use a pager' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_terminal git rev-list HEAD &&
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no pager when stdout is a pipe' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	git log | cat &&
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no pager when stdout is a regular file' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	git log >file &&
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'git --paginate rev-list uses a pager' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_terminal git --paginate rev-list HEAD &&
 	test -e paginated.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'no pager even with --paginate when stdout is a pipe' '
-	rm -f file paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f file paginated.out &&
 	git --paginate log | cat &&
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'no pager with --no-pager' '
-	rm -f paginated.out ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f paginated.out &&
 	test_terminal git --no-pager log &&
 	! test -e paginated.out
 '
@@ -136,9 +117,7 @@
 }
 
 test_expect_success 'tests can detect color' '
-	rm -f colorful.log colorless.log ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	rm -f colorful.log colorless.log &&
 	git log --no-color >colorless.log &&
 	git log --color >colorful.log &&
 	! colorful colorless.log &&
@@ -147,18 +126,14 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'no color when stdout is a regular file' '
 	rm -f colorless.log &&
-	test_config color.ui auto ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	test_config color.ui auto &&
 	git log >colorless.log &&
 	! colorful colorless.log
 '
 
 test_expect_success TTY 'color when writing to a pager' '
 	rm -f paginated.out &&
-	test_config color.ui auto ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	test_config color.ui auto &&
 	(
 		TERM=vt100 &&
 		export TERM &&
@@ -181,9 +156,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'color when writing to a file intended for a pager' '
 	rm -f colorful.log &&
-	test_config color.ui auto ||
-	cleanup_fail &&
-
+	test_config color.ui auto &&
 	(
 		TERM=vt100 &&
 		GIT_PAGER_IN_USE=true &&
@@ -242,9 +215,7 @@
 	$test_expectation SIMPLEPAGER,TTY "$cmd - default pager is used by default" "
 		sane_unset PAGER GIT_PAGER &&
 		test_unconfig core.pager &&
-		rm -f default_pager_used ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -f default_pager_used &&
 		cat >\$less <<-\EOF &&
 		#!/bin/sh
 		wc >default_pager_used
@@ -265,9 +236,7 @@
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - PAGER overrides default pager" "
 		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
 		test_unconfig core.pager &&
-		rm -f PAGER_used ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -f PAGER_used &&
 		PAGER='wc >PAGER_used' &&
 		export PAGER &&
 		$full_command &&
@@ -292,9 +261,7 @@
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - repository-local core.pager setting $used_if_wanted" "
 		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
-		rm -f core.pager_used ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -f core.pager_used &&
 		PAGER=wc &&
 		export PAGER &&
 		test_config core.pager 'wc >core.pager_used' &&
@@ -321,9 +288,7 @@
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - core.pager $used_if_wanted from subdirectory" "
 		sane_unset GIT_PAGER &&
 		rm -f core.pager_used &&
-		rm -fr sub ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -fr sub &&
 		PAGER=wc &&
 		stampname=\$(pwd)/core.pager_used &&
 		export PAGER stampname &&
@@ -341,9 +306,7 @@
 	parse_args "$@"
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "$cmd - GIT_PAGER overrides core.pager" "
-		rm -f GIT_PAGER_used ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -f GIT_PAGER_used &&
 		test_config core.pager wc &&
 		GIT_PAGER='wc >GIT_PAGER_used' &&
 		export GIT_PAGER &&
@@ -356,9 +319,7 @@
 	parse_args "$@"
 
 	$test_expectation TTY "no pager for '$cmd'" "
-		rm -f GIT_PAGER_used ||
-		cleanup_fail &&
-
+		rm -f GIT_PAGER_used &&
 		GIT_PAGER='wc >GIT_PAGER_used' &&
 		export GIT_PAGER &&
 		$full_command &&
diff --git a/t/t7007-show.sh b/t/t7007-show.sh
index cce222f..e41fa00 100755
--- a/t/t7007-show.sh
+++ b/t/t7007-show.sh
@@ -17,4 +17,107 @@
 	test_must_fail git --no-pager show foo-tag
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'set up a bit of history' '
+	test_commit main1 &&
+	test_commit main2 &&
+	test_commit main3 &&
+	git tag -m "annotated tag" annotated &&
+	git checkout -b side HEAD^^ &&
+	test_commit side2 &&
+	test_commit side3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing two commits' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	EOF
+	git show main2 main3 >actual &&
+	grep ^commit actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing a range walks (linear)' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	EOF
+	git show main1..main3 >actual &&
+	grep ^commit actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing a range walks (Y shape, ^ first)' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	EOF
+	git show ^side3 main3 >actual &&
+	grep ^commit actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing a range walks (Y shape, ^ last)' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	EOF
+	git show main3 ^side3 >actual &&
+	grep ^commit actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing with -N walks' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	EOF
+	git show -2 main3 >actual &&
+	grep ^commit actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing annotated tag' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	tag annotated
+	commit $(git rev-parse annotated^{commit})
+	EOF
+	git show annotated >actual &&
+	grep -E "^(commit|tag)" actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing annotated tag plus commit' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	tag annotated
+	commit $(git rev-parse annotated^{commit})
+	commit $(git rev-parse side3)
+	EOF
+	git show annotated side3 >actual &&
+	grep -E "^(commit|tag)" actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'showing range' '
+	cat >expect <<-EOF &&
+	commit $(git rev-parse main3)
+	commit $(git rev-parse main2)
+	EOF
+	git show ^side3 annotated >actual &&
+	grep -E "^(commit|tag)" actual >actual.filtered &&
+	test_cmp expect actual.filtered
+'
+
+test_expect_success '-s suppresses diff' '
+	echo main3 >expect &&
+	git show -s --format=%s main3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '--quiet suppresses diff' '
+	echo main3 >expect &&
+	git show --quiet --format=%s main3 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh b/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
index 917a264..26f8319 100755
--- a/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
+++ b/t/t7008-grep-binary.sh
@@ -99,4 +99,50 @@
 	test_must_fail git grep -f f a
 "
 
+test_expect_success 'grep respects binary diff attribute' '
+	echo text >t &&
+	git add t &&
+	echo t:text >expect &&
+	git grep text t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo "t -diff" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "Binary file t matches" >expect &&
+	git grep text t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --cached respects binary diff attribute' '
+	git grep --cached text t >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep --cached respects binary diff attribute (2)' '
+	git add .gitattributes &&
+	rm .gitattributes &&
+	git grep --cached text t >actual &&
+	test_when_finished "git rm --cached .gitattributes" &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout .gitattributes" &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep revision respects binary diff attribute' '
+	git commit -m new &&
+	echo "Binary file HEAD:t matches" >expect &&
+	git grep text HEAD -- t >actual &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset HEAD^" &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep respects not-binary diff attribute' '
+	echo binQary | q_to_nul >b &&
+	git add b &&
+	echo "Binary file b matches" >expect &&
+	git grep bin b >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	echo "b diff" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "b:binQary" >expect &&
+	git grep bin b | nul_to_q >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
index b8cb490..f4f38a5 100755
--- a/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
+++ b/t/t7060-wtstatus.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,9 @@
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 # On branch side
+# You have unmerged paths.
+#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+#
 # Unmerged paths:
 #   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
 #
@@ -118,4 +121,97 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+
+test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with add and rm advice (deleted by them)' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit init main.txt init &&
+	git checkout -b second_branch &&
+	git rm main.txt &&
+	git commit -m "main.txt deleted on second_branch" &&
+	test_commit second conflict.txt second &&
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_commit on_second main.txt on_second &&
+	test_commit master conflict.txt master &&
+	test_must_fail git merge second_branch &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch master
+	# You have unmerged paths.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both added:         conflict.txt
+	#	deleted by them:    main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout -b conflict &&
+	test_commit one main.txt one &&
+	git branch conflict_second &&
+	git mv main.txt sub_master.txt &&
+	git commit -m "main.txt renamed in sub_master.txt" &&
+	git checkout conflict_second &&
+	git mv main.txt sub_second.txt &&
+	git commit -m "main.txt renamed in sub_second.txt"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with add and rm advice (both deleted)' '
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch conflict_second
+	# You have unmerged paths.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git add/rm <file>..." as appropriate to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both deleted:       main.txt
+	#	added by them:      sub_master.txt
+	#	added by us:        sub_second.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when conflicts with only rm advice (both deleted)' '
+	git reset --hard conflict_second &&
+	test_must_fail git merge conflict &&
+	git add sub_master.txt &&
+	git add sub_second.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch conflict_second
+	# You have unmerged paths.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#
+	#	new file:   sub_master.txt
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git rm <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both deleted:       main.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..0da1214
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7061-wtstatus-ignore.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-status ignored files'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+?? untracked/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with --ignored' '
+	echo "ignored" >.gitignore &&
+	mkdir untracked &&
+	: >untracked/ignored &&
+	: >untracked/uncommitted &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+?? untracked/uncommitted
+!! untracked/ignored
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with --ignored -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! ignored/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored directory with --ignore' '
+	rm -rf untracked &&
+	mkdir ignored &&
+	: >ignored/uncommitted &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! ignored/uncommitted
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored directory with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! untracked-ignored/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with ignored files with --ignore' '
+	rm -rf ignored &&
+	mkdir untracked-ignored &&
+	mkdir untracked-ignored/test &&
+	: >untracked-ignored/ignored &&
+	: >untracked-ignored/test/ignored &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! untracked-ignored/ignored
+!! untracked-ignored/test/ignored
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status untracked directory with ignored files with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with --ignore' '
+	rm -rf untracked-ignored &&
+	mkdir tracked &&
+	: >tracked/committed &&
+	git add tracked/committed &&
+	git commit -m. &&
+	echo "tracked" >.gitignore &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and uncommitted file with --ignore' '
+	: >tracked/uncommitted &&
+	git status --porcelain --ignored >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+?? .gitignore
+?? actual
+?? expected
+!! tracked/uncommitted
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'status ignored tracked directory and uncommitted file with --ignore -u' '
+	git status --porcelain --ignored -u >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7102-reset.sh b/t/t7102-reset.sh
index b096dc8..df82ec9 100755
--- a/t/t7102-reset.sh
+++ b/t/t7102-reset.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,8 @@
 
 	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
 	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
-	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file"
+	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file" &&
+	head5=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD)
 '
 # git log --pretty=oneline # to see those SHA1 involved
 
@@ -56,7 +57,7 @@
 	test_must_fail git reset --mixed aaaaaa &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft aaaaaa &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard aaaaaa &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reset --soft with unmerged index should fail' '
@@ -74,7 +75,7 @@
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard -- first &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft HEAD^ -- first &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard HEAD^ -- first &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'giving unrecognized options should fail' '
@@ -86,7 +87,7 @@
 	test_must_fail git reset --soft -o &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard --other &&
 	test_must_fail git reset --hard -o &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -110,7 +111,7 @@
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -133,27 +134,27 @@
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch3 branch4 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'resetting to HEAD with no changes should succeed and do nothing' '
 	git reset --hard &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --hard HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --soft &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --soft HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --mixed &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset --mixed HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+		check_changes $head5 &&
 	git reset HEAD &&
-		check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+		check_changes $head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -176,7 +177,7 @@
 	git reset --soft HEAD^ &&
 	check_changes d1a4bc3abce4829628ae2dcb0d60ef3d1a78b1c4 &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
-			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+			$head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -193,7 +194,7 @@
 	git commit -a -C ORIG_HEAD &&
 	check_changes 3d3b7be011a58ca0c179ae45d94e6c83c0b0cd0d &&
 	test "$(git rev-parse ORIG_HEAD)" = \
-			3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+			$head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@
 	echo "1st line 2nd file" >secondfile &&
 	echo "2nd line 2nd file" >>secondfile &&
 	git commit -a -m "modify 2nd file" &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 >.diff_expect
@@ -341,15 +342,15 @@
 test_expect_success \
 	'--hard reset to ORIG_HEAD should clear a fast-forward merge' '
 	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+	check_changes $head5 &&
 
 	git pull . branch1 &&
 	git reset --hard ORIG_HEAD &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc &&
+	check_changes $head5 &&
 
 	git checkout master &&
 	git branch -D branch1 branch2 &&
-	check_changes 3ec39651e7f44ea531a5de18a9fa791c0fd370fc
+	check_changes $head5
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
@@ -388,7 +389,8 @@
 	echo 4 > file4 &&
 	echo 5 > file1 &&
 	git add file1 file3 file4 &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
+	git reset HEAD -- file1 file2 file3 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	git diff > output &&
 	test_cmp output expect &&
 	git diff --cached > output &&
@@ -402,7 +404,8 @@
 	>sub/file2 &&
 	git update-index --add sub/file1 sub/file2 &&
 	T=$(git write-tree) &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD sub/file2 &&
+	git reset HEAD sub/file2 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	U=$(git write-tree) &&
 	echo "$T" &&
 	echo "$U" &&
@@ -440,7 +443,8 @@
 		echo "100644 $F3 3	file2"
 	} | git update-index --index-info &&
 	git ls-files -u &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD file2 &&
+	git reset HEAD file2 &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	git diff-index --exit-code --cached HEAD
 '
 
@@ -449,7 +453,8 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset secondfile &&
+	git reset secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet -- secondfile &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test -f secondfile &&
 	test ! -s secondfile
@@ -474,7 +479,8 @@
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
 	rm -f secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset HEAD secondfile &&
+	git reset HEAD secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test ! -f secondfile
 
@@ -486,9 +492,18 @@
 	>secondfile &&
 	git add secondfile &&
 	rm -f secondfile &&
-	test_must_fail git reset -- secondfile &&
+	git reset -- secondfile &&
+	test_must_fail git diff --quiet &&
 	test -z "$(git diff --cached --name-only)" &&
 	test ! -f secondfile
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'reset with paths accepts tree' '
+	# for simpler tests, drop last commit containing added files
+	git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+	git reset HEAD^^{tree} -- . &&
+	git diff --cached HEAD^ --exit-code &&
+	git diff HEAD --exit-code
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7106-reset-sequence.sh b/t/t7106-reset-sequence.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 4956caa..0000000
--- a/t/t7106-reset-sequence.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,44 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='Test interaction of reset --hard with sequencer
-
-  + anotherpick: rewrites foo to d
-  + picked: rewrites foo to c
-  + unrelatedpick: rewrites unrelated to reallyunrelated
-  + base: rewrites foo to b
-  + initial: writes foo as a, unrelated as unrelated
-'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-pristine_detach () {
-	git cherry-pick --reset &&
-	git checkout -f "$1^0" &&
-	git read-tree -u --reset HEAD &&
-	git clean -d -f -f -q -x
-}
-
-test_expect_success setup '
-	echo unrelated >unrelated &&
-	git add unrelated &&
-	test_commit initial foo a &&
-	test_commit base foo b &&
-	test_commit unrelatedpick unrelated reallyunrelated &&
-	test_commit picked foo c &&
-	test_commit anotherpick foo d &&
-	git config advice.detachedhead false
-
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'reset --hard cleans up sequencer state, providing one-level undo' '
-	pristine_detach initial &&
-	test_must_fail git cherry-pick base..anotherpick &&
-	test_path_is_dir .git/sequencer &&
-	git reset --hard &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer &&
-	test_path_is_dir .git/sequencer-old &&
-	git reset --hard &&
-	test_path_is_missing .git/sequencer-old
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8062cf5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7106-reset-unborn-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git reset should work on unborn branch'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	echo a >a &&
+	echo b >b
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset' '
+	git add a b &&
+	git reset &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset HEAD' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a b &&
+	test_must_fail git reset HEAD
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset $file' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a b &&
+	git reset a &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "b"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset -p' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	echo y | git reset -p &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = ""
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --soft is a no-op' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git reset --soft
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "a"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reset --hard' '
+	rm .git/index &&
+	git add a &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test "$(git ls-files)" = "" &&
+	test_path_is_missing a
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7201-co.sh b/t/t7201-co.sh
index 07fb53a..be9672e 100755
--- a/t/t7201-co.sh
+++ b/t/t7201-co.sh
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
 	test_i18ngrep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
-	test 1 -eq $(wc -l <messages) &&
+	test_line_count = 1 messages &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
@@ -247,7 +247,7 @@
 	git checkout -f renamer && git clean -f &&
 	git checkout renamer^ 2>messages &&
 	test_i18ngrep "HEAD is now at 7329388" messages &&
-	test 1 -lt $(wc -l <messages) &&
+	test_line_count -gt 1 messages &&
 	H=$(git rev-parse --verify HEAD) &&
 	M=$(git show-ref -s --verify refs/heads/master) &&
 	test "z$H" = "z$M" &&
diff --git a/t/t7300-clean.sh b/t/t7300-clean.sh
index 800b536..ccfb54d 100755
--- a/t/t7300-clean.sh
+++ b/t/t7300-clean.sh
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'nested git work tree' '
-	rm -fr foo bar &&
-	mkdir foo bar &&
+	rm -fr foo bar baz &&
+	mkdir -p foo bar baz/boo &&
 	(
 		cd foo &&
 		git init &&
@@ -412,15 +412,24 @@
 		cd bar &&
 		>goodbye.people
 	) &&
+	(
+		cd baz/boo &&
+		git init &&
+		>deeper.world
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -a -m deeply.nested
+	) &&
 	git clean -f -d &&
 	test -f foo/.git/index &&
 	test -f foo/hello.world &&
+	test -f baz/boo/.git/index &&
+	test -f baz/boo/deeper.world &&
 	! test -d bar
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'force removal of nested git work tree' '
-	rm -fr foo bar &&
-	mkdir foo bar &&
+	rm -fr foo bar baz &&
+	mkdir -p foo bar baz/boo &&
 	(
 		cd foo &&
 		git init &&
@@ -432,9 +441,17 @@
 		cd bar &&
 		>goodbye.people
 	) &&
+	(
+		cd baz/boo &&
+		git init &&
+		>deeper.world
+		git add . &&
+		git commit -a -m deeply.nested
+	) &&
 	git clean -f -f -d &&
 	! test -d foo &&
-	! test -d bar
+	! test -d bar &&
+	! test -d baz
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'git clean -e' '
diff --git a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
index 695f7af..2683cba 100755
--- a/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t7400-submodule-basic.sh
@@ -79,6 +79,15 @@
 		cd addtest &&
 		git submodule add -q "$submodurl" submod >actual &&
 		test ! -s actual &&
+		echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/submod" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect submod/.git &&
+		(
+			cd submod &&
+			git config core.worktree >actual &&
+			echo "../../../submod" >expect &&
+			test_cmp expect actual &&
+			rm -f actual expect
+		) &&
 		git submodule init
 	) &&
 
@@ -124,6 +133,7 @@
 	(
 		cd addtest &&
 		git submodule add -b initial "$submodurl" submod-branch &&
+		test "initial" = "$(git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submod-branch.branch)" &&
 		git submodule init
 	) &&
 
@@ -225,7 +235,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status should only print one line' '
 	git submodule status >lines &&
-	test $(wc -l <lines) = 1
+	test_line_count = 1 lines
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup - fetch commit name from submodule' '
@@ -249,6 +259,27 @@
 	test_cmp expect url
 '
 
+test_failure_with_unknown_submodule () {
+	test_must_fail git submodule $1 no-such-submodule 2>output.err &&
+	grep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'init should fail with unknown submodule' '
+	test_failure_with_unknown_submodule init
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'update should fail with unknown submodule' '
+	test_failure_with_unknown_submodule update
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'status should fail with unknown submodule' '
+	test_failure_with_unknown_submodule status
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync should fail with unknown submodule' '
+	test_failure_with_unknown_submodule sync
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'update should fail when path is used by a file' '
 	echo hello >expect &&
 
@@ -408,11 +439,8 @@
 	git checkout second
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'submodule <invalid-path> warns' '
-
-	git submodule no-such-submodule 2> output.err &&
-	grep "^error: .*no-such-submodule" output.err
-
+test_expect_success 'submodule <invalid-subcommand> fails' '
+	test_must_fail git submodule no-such-subcommand
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'add submodules without specifying an explicit path' '
@@ -474,21 +502,72 @@
 		git add sub &&
 		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.path sub &&
 		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub.url ../subrepo &&
-		cp .git/config pristine-.git-config
+		cp .git/config pristine-.git-config &&
+		cp .gitmodules pristine-.gitmodules
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'relative path works with URL' '
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with URL - ssh://hostname/repo' '
 	(
 		cd reltest &&
 		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
 		git config remote.origin.url ssh://hostname/repo &&
 		git submodule init &&
 		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = ssh://hostname/subrepo
 	)
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'relative path works with user@host:path' '
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with port-qualified URL - ssh://hostname:22/repo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ssh://hostname:22/repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = ssh://hostname:22/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+# About the choice of the path in the next test:
+# - double-slash side-steps path mangling issues on Windows
+# - it is still an absolute local path
+# - there cannot be a server with a blank in its name just in case the
+#   path is used erroneously to access a //server/share style path
+test_expect_success '../subrepo path works with local path - //somewhere else/repo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url "//somewhere else/repo" &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = "//somewhere else/subrepo"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with file URL - file:///tmp/repo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url file:///tmp/repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = file:///tmp/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with helper URL- helper:://hostname/repo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url helper:://hostname/repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = helper:://hostname/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with scp-style URL - user@host:repo' '
 	(
 		cd reltest &&
 		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
@@ -498,4 +577,184 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with scp-style URL - user@host:path/to/repo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url user@host:path/to/repo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = user@host:path/to/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - foo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url foo &&
+		# actual: fails with an error
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - foo/bar' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url foo/bar &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = foo/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - ./foo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ./foo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - ./foo/bar' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ./foo/bar &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = foo/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - ../foo' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ../foo &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = ../subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../subrepo works with relative local path - ../foo/bar' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ../foo/bar &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.sub.url)" = ../foo/subrepo
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '../bar/a/b/c works with relative local path - ../foo/bar.git' '
+	(
+		cd reltest &&
+		cp pristine-.git-config .git/config &&
+		cp pristine-.gitmodules .gitmodules &&
+		mkdir -p a/b/c &&
+		(cd a/b/c; git init) &&
+		git config remote.origin.url ../foo/bar.git &&
+		git submodule add ../bar/a/b/c ./a/b/c &&
+		git submodule init &&
+		test "$(git config submodule.a/b/c.url)" = ../foo/bar/a/b/c
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'moving the superproject does not break submodules' '
+	(
+		cd addtest &&
+		git submodule status >expect
+	)
+	mv addtest addtest2 &&
+	(
+		cd addtest2 &&
+		git submodule status >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add --name allows to replace a submodule with another at the same path' '
+	(
+		cd addtest2 &&
+		(
+			cd repo &&
+			echo "$submodurl/repo" >expect &&
+			git config remote.origin.url >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual &&
+			echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/repo" >expect &&
+			test_cmp expect .git
+		) &&
+		rm -rf repo &&
+		git rm repo &&
+		git submodule add -q --name repo_new "$submodurl/bare.git" repo >actual &&
+		test ! -s actual &&
+		echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/submod" >expect &&
+		test_cmp expect submod/.git &&
+		(
+			cd repo &&
+			echo "$submodurl/bare.git" >expect &&
+			git config remote.origin.url >actual &&
+			test_cmp expect actual &&
+			echo "gitdir: ../.git/modules/repo_new" >expect &&
+			test_cmp expect .git
+		) &&
+		echo "repo" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo.path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual&&
+		echo "$submodurl/repo" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo "$submodurl/bare.git" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo "$submodurl/repo" >expect &&
+		git config submodule.repo.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo "$submodurl/bare.git" >expect &&
+		git config submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule add with an existing name fails unless forced' '
+	(
+		cd addtest2 &&
+		rm -rf repo &&
+		git rm repo &&
+		test_must_fail git submodule add -q --name repo_new "$submodurl/repo.git" repo &&
+		test ! -d repo &&
+		echo "repo" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual&&
+		echo "$submodurl/bare.git" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo "$submodurl/bare.git" >expect &&
+		git config submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		git submodule add -f -q --name repo_new "$submodurl/repo.git" repo &&
+		test -d repo &&
+		echo "repo" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.path >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual&&
+		echo "$submodurl/repo.git" >expect &&
+		git config -f .gitmodules submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual &&
+		echo "$submodurl/repo.git" >expect &&
+		git config submodule.repo_new.url >actual &&
+		test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
index 3620215..94e26c4 100755
--- a/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
+++ b/t/t7403-submodule-sync.sh
@@ -17,16 +17,25 @@
 	git commit -m upstream &&
 	git clone . super &&
 	git clone super submodule &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 git submodule add ../submodule sub-submodule &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "sub-submodule"
+	) &&
 	(cd super &&
 	 git submodule add ../submodule submodule &&
 	 test_tick &&
 	 git commit -m "submodule"
 	) &&
 	git clone super super-clone &&
-	(cd super-clone && git submodule update --init) &&
+	(cd super-clone && git submodule update --init --recursive) &&
 	git clone super empty-clone &&
 	(cd empty-clone && git submodule init) &&
-	git clone super top-only-clone
+	git clone super top-only-clone &&
+	git clone super relative-clone &&
+	(cd relative-clone && git submodule update --init --recursive) &&
+	git clone super recursive-clone &&
+	(cd recursive-clone && git submodule update --init --recursive)
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'change submodule' '
@@ -44,6 +53,11 @@
 	 git pull
 	) &&
 	mv submodule moved-submodule &&
+	(cd moved-submodule &&
+	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.sub-submodule.url ../moved-submodule &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -a -m moved-sub-submodule
+	) &&
 	(cd super &&
 	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule.url ../moved-submodule &&
 	 test_tick &&
@@ -59,6 +73,9 @@
 	test -d "$(cd super-clone/submodule &&
 	 git config remote.origin.url
 	)" &&
+	test ! -d "$(cd super-clone/submodule/sub-submodule &&
+	 git config remote.origin.url
+	)" &&
 	(cd super-clone/submodule &&
 	 git checkout master &&
 	 git pull
@@ -68,6 +85,25 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync --recursive" should update all submodule URLs' '
+	(cd super-clone &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  git pull --no-recurse-submodules
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule sync --recursive
+	) &&
+	test -d "$(cd super-clone/submodule &&
+	 git config remote.origin.url
+	)" &&
+	test -d "$(cd super-clone/submodule/sub-submodule &&
+	 git config remote.origin.url
+	)" &&
+	(cd super-clone/submodule/sub-submodule &&
+	 git checkout master &&
+	 git pull
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" should update known submodule URLs' '
 	(cd empty-clone &&
 	 git pull &&
@@ -86,4 +122,107 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form foo' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin foo &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual fails with: "cannot strip off url foo
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form foo/bar' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin foo/bar &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual foo/submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	(cd submodule/sub-submodule &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" != "../../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync --recursive" propagates changes in origin' '
+	(cd recursive-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin foo/bar &&
+	 git submodule sync --recursive &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual foo/submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	(cd submodule/sub-submodule &&
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form ./foo' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin ./foo &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual ./submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form ./foo/bar' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin ./foo/bar &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual ./foo/submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form ../foo' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin ../foo &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual ../submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../../submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form ../foo/bar' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin ../foo/bar &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 #actual ../foo/submodule
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../../foo/submodule"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success '"git submodule sync" handles origin URL of the form ../foo/bar with deeply nested submodule' '
+	(cd relative-clone &&
+	 git remote set-url origin ../foo/bar &&
+	 mkdir -p a/b/c &&
+	 ( cd a/b/c &&
+	   git init &&
+	   :> .gitignore &&
+	   git add .gitignore &&
+	   test_tick &&
+	   git commit -m "initial commit" ) &&
+	 git submodule add ../bar/a/b/c ./a/b/c &&
+	 git submodule sync &&
+	(cd a/b/c &&
+	 #actual ../foo/bar/a/b/c
+	 test "$(git config remote.origin.url)" = "../../../../foo/bar/a/b/c"
+	)
+	)
+'
+
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
index 33b292b..4975ec0 100755
--- a/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
+++ b/t/t7406-submodule-update.sh
@@ -123,6 +123,49 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --force forcibly checks out submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  rm -f file
+	 ) &&
+	 git submodule update --force submodule &&
+	 (cd submodule &&
+	  test "$(git status -s file)" = ""
+	 )
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update --remote should fetch upstream changes' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 echo line4 >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "upstream line4"
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 test "$(git log -1 --oneline)" = "$(GIT_DIR=../../submodule/.git git log -1 --oneline)"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'local config should override .gitmodules branch' '
+	(cd submodule &&
+	 git checkout -b test-branch &&
+	 echo line5 >> file &&
+	 git add file &&
+	 test_tick &&
+	 git commit -m "upstream line5" &&
+	 git checkout master
+	) &&
+	(cd super &&
+	 git config submodule.submodule.branch test-branch &&
+	 git submodule update --remote --force submodule &&
+	 cd submodule &&
+	 test "$(git log -1 --oneline)" = "$(GIT_DIR=../../submodule/.git git log -1 --oneline test-branch)"
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'submodule update --rebase staying on master' '
 	(cd super/submodule &&
 	  git checkout master
@@ -367,7 +410,7 @@
 	 git submodule init &&
 	 git commit -am "new_submodule" &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../expect
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../expect
 	 ) &&
 	 (cd submodule &&
 	  test_commit "update_submodule" file
@@ -384,7 +427,7 @@
 	 git checkout HEAD^ &&
 	 test_must_fail git submodule update &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../actual
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../actual
 	 ) &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
@@ -413,7 +456,7 @@
 	  test_commit "update_submodule_again_again" file
 	 ) &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../expect &&
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../expect &&
 	  test_commit "update_submodule2_again" file
 	 ) &&
 	 git add submodule &&
@@ -428,7 +471,7 @@
 	 ) &&
 	 test_must_fail git submodule update --recursive &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../actual
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../actual
 	 ) &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
@@ -460,12 +503,12 @@
 	 ) &&
 	 git checkout HEAD^ &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../expect
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../expect
 	 ) &&
 	 git config submodule.submodule.update merge &&
 	 test_must_fail git submodule update &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../actual
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../actual
 	 ) &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
@@ -495,12 +538,12 @@
 	 ) &&
 	 git checkout HEAD^ &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../expect
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../expect
 	 ) &&
 	 git config submodule.submodule.update rebase &&
 	 test_must_fail git submodule update &&
 	 (cd submodule2 &&
-	  git rev-parse --max-count=1 HEAD > ../actual
+	  git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../actual
 	 ) &&
 	 test_cmp expect actual
 	)
@@ -611,4 +654,42 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'submodule add properly re-creates deeper level submodules' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git reset --hard master &&
+	 rm -rf deeper/ &&
+	 git submodule add --force ../submodule deeper/submodule
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule update properly revives a moved submodule' '
+	(cd super &&
+	 git commit -am "pre move" &&
+	 git status >expect&&
+	 H=$(cd submodule2; git rev-parse HEAD) &&
+	 git rm --cached submodule2 &&
+	 rm -rf submodule2 &&
+	 mkdir -p "moved/sub module" &&
+	 git update-index --add --cacheinfo 160000 $H "moved/sub module" &&
+	 git config -f .gitmodules submodule.submodule2.path "moved/sub module"
+	 git commit -am "post move" &&
+	 git submodule update &&
+	 git status >actual &&
+	 test_cmp expect actual
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'submodule update can handle symbolic links in pwd' '
+	mkdir -p linked/dir &&
+	ln -s linked/dir linkto &&
+	(
+		cd linkto &&
+		git clone "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"/super_update_r2 super &&
+		(
+			cd super &&
+			git submodule update --init --recursive
+		)
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
index 9b69fe2..107b4b7 100755
--- a/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
+++ b/t/t7407-submodule-foreach.sh
@@ -226,14 +226,14 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-sed -e "/nested1 /s/.*/+$nested1sha1 nested1 (file2~1)/;/sub[1-3]/d" < expect > expect2
+sed -e "/nested2 /s/.*/+$nested2sha1 nested1\/nested2 (file2~1)/;/sub[1-3]/d" < expect > expect2
 mv -f expect2 expect
 
 test_expect_success 'ensure "status --cached --recursive" preserves the --cached flag' '
 	(
 		cd clone3 &&
 		(
-			cd nested1 &&
+			cd nested1/nested2 &&
 			test_commit file2
 		) &&
 		git submodule status --cached --recursive -- nested1 > ../actual
diff --git a/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
index ab37c36..b770b2f 100755
--- a/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
+++ b/t/t7408-submodule-reference.sh
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-test_expect_success 'preparing supermodule' \
+test_expect_success 'preparing superproject' \
 'test_create_repo super && cd super &&
 echo file > file &&
 git add file &&
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'after add: existence of info/alternates' \
-'test `wc -l <super/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+'test_line_count = 1 super/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
-test_expect_success 'cloning supermodule' \
+test_expect_success 'cloning superproject' \
 'git clone super super-clone'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 cd "$base_dir"
 
 test_expect_success 'after update: existence of info/alternates' \
-'test `wc -l <super-clone/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates` = 1'
+'test_line_count = 1 super-clone/.git/modules/sub/objects/info/alternates'
 
 cd "$base_dir"
 
diff --git a/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2fec13d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7409-submodule-detached-worktree.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Daniel Graña
+#
+
+test_description='Test submodules on detached working tree
+
+This test verifies that "git submodule" initialization, update and addition works
+on detahced working trees
+'
+
+TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO=1
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working tree' '
+	git init --bare remote &&
+	test_create_repo bundle1 &&
+	(
+		cd bundle1 &&
+		test_commit "shoot" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD >../expect
+	) &&
+	mkdir home &&
+	(
+		cd home &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		git clone --bare ../remote .dotfiles &&
+		git submodule add ../bundle1 .vim/bundle/sogood &&
+		test_commit "sogood" &&
+		(
+			unset GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_DIR &&
+			cd .vim/bundle/sogood &&
+			git rev-parse --verify HEAD >actual &&
+			test_cmp ../../../../expect actual
+		) &&
+		git push origin master
+	) &&
+	mkdir home2 &&
+	(
+		cd home2 &&
+		git clone --bare ../remote .dotfiles &&
+		export GIT_WORK_TREE="$(pwd)" GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git submodule update --init &&
+		(
+			unset GIT_WORK_TREE GIT_DIR &&
+			cd .vim/bundle/sogood &&
+			git rev-parse --verify HEAD >actual &&
+			test_cmp ../../../../expect actual
+		)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submodule on detached working pointed by core.worktree' '
+	mkdir home3 &&
+	(
+		cd home3 &&
+		export GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		git clone --bare ../remote "$GIT_DIR" &&
+		git config core.bare false &&
+		git config core.worktree .. &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git submodule add ../bundle1 .vim/bundle/dupe &&
+		test_commit "dupe" &&
+		git push origin master
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd home &&
+		export GIT_DIR="$(pwd)/.dotfiles" &&
+		git config core.bare false &&
+		git config core.worktree .. &&
+		git pull &&
+		git submodule update --init &&
+		test -f .vim/bundle/dupe/shoot.t
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment b/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..c4dccff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7500/add-content-and-comment
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+echo "commit message" >> "$1"
+echo "# comment" >> "$1"
+exit 0
+
diff --git a/t/t7501-commit.sh b/t/t7501-commit.sh
index 3ad0436..195e747 100755
--- a/t/t7501-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7501-commit.sh
@@ -8,39 +8,41 @@
 
 test_description='git commit'
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/diff-lib.sh"
+
+author='The Real Author <someguy@his.email.org>'
 
 test_tick
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"initial status" \
-	"echo 'bongo bongo' >file &&
-	 git add file"
-
-test_expect_success "Constructing initial commit" '
+test_expect_success 'initial status' '
+	echo bongo bongo >file &&
+	git add file &&
 	git status >actual &&
 	test_i18ngrep "Initial commit" actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"fail initial amend" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit --amend"
+test_expect_success 'fail initial amend' '
+	test_must_fail git commit --amend
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"initial commit" \
-	"git commit -m initial"
+test_expect_success 'setup: initial commit' '
+	git commit -m initial
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"invalid options 1" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit -m foo -m bar -F file"
+test_expect_success '-m and -F do not mix' '
+	git checkout HEAD file && echo >>file && git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m foo -m bar -F file
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"invalid options 2" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit -C HEAD -m illegal"
+test_expect_success '-m and -C do not mix' '
+	git checkout HEAD file && echo >>file && git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -C HEAD -m illegal
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"using paths with -a" \
-	"echo King of the bongo >file &&
-	test_must_fail git commit -m foo -a file"
+test_expect_success 'paths and -a do not mix' '
+	echo King of the bongo >file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m foo -a file
+'
 
 test_expect_success PERL 'can use paths with --interactive' '
 	echo bong-o-bong >file &&
@@ -50,139 +52,200 @@
 	git reset --hard HEAD^
 '
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"using invalid commit with -C" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit -C bogus"
+test_expect_success 'using invalid commit with -C' '
+	test_must_fail git commit -C bogus
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"testing nothing to commit" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit -m initial"
+test_expect_success 'nothing to commit' '
+	test_must_fail git commit -m initial
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"next commit" \
-	"echo 'bongo bongo bongo' >file \
-	 git commit -m next -a"
+test_expect_success 'setup: non-initial commit' '
+	echo bongo bongo bongo >file &&
+	git commit -m next -a
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"commit message from non-existing file" \
-	"echo 'more bongo: bongo bongo bongo bongo' >file && \
-	 test_must_fail git commit -F gah -a"
+test_expect_success 'commit message from non-existing file' '
+	echo more bongo: bongo bongo bongo bongo >file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -F gah -a
+'
 
-# Empty except stray tabs and spaces on a few lines.
-sed -e 's/@$//' >msg <<EOF
-		@
+test_expect_success 'empty commit message' '
+	# Empty except stray tabs and spaces on a few lines.
+	sed -e "s/@//g" >msg <<-\EOF &&
+		@		@
+		@@
+		@  @
+		@Signed-off-by: hula@
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git commit -F msg -a
+'
 
-  @
-Signed-off-by: hula
-EOF
-test_expect_success \
-	"empty commit message" \
-	"test_must_fail git commit -F msg -a"
+test_expect_success 'template "emptyness" check does not kick in with -F' '
+	git checkout HEAD file && echo >>file && git add file &&
+	git commit -t file -F file
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"commit message from file" \
-	"echo 'this is the commit message, coming from a file' >msg && \
-	 git commit -F msg -a"
+test_expect_success 'template "emptyness" check' '
+	git checkout HEAD file && echo >>file && git add file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -t file 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "did not edit" err
+'
 
-cat >editor <<\EOF
-#!/bin/sh
-sed -e "s/a file/an amend commit/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
-mv "$1-" "$1"
-EOF
-chmod 755 editor
+test_expect_success 'setup: commit message from file' '
+	git checkout HEAD file && echo >>file && git add file &&
+	echo this is the commit message, coming from a file >msg &&
+	git commit -F msg -a
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"amend commit" \
-	"EDITOR=./editor git commit --amend"
+test_expect_success 'amend commit' '
+	cat >editor <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	sed -e "s/a file/an amend commit/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 editor &&
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit --amend
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"passing -m and -F" \
-	"echo 'enough with the bongos' >file && \
-	 test_must_fail git commit -F msg -m amending ."
+test_expect_success 'amend --only ignores staged contents' '
+	cp file file.expect &&
+	echo changed >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --no-edit --amend --only &&
+	git cat-file blob HEAD:file >file.actual &&
+	test_cmp file.expect file.actual &&
+	git diff --exit-code
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"using message from other commit" \
-	"git commit -C HEAD^ ."
+test_expect_success 'set up editor' '
+	cat >editor <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	sed -e "s/unamended/amended/g" <"$1" >"$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 editor
+'
 
-cat >editor <<\EOF
-#!/bin/sh
-sed -e "s/amend/older/g"  < "$1" > "$1-"
-mv "$1-" "$1"
-EOF
-chmod 755 editor
+test_expect_success 'amend without launching editor' '
+	echo unamended >expect &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "unamended" &&
+	echo needs more bongo >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit --no-edit --amend &&
+	git diff --exit-code HEAD -- file &&
+	git diff-tree -s --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"editing message from other commit" \
-	"echo 'hula hula' >file && \
-	 EDITOR=./editor git commit -c HEAD^ -a"
+test_expect_success '--amend --edit' '
+	echo amended >expect &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "unamended" &&
+	echo bongo again >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit --edit --amend &&
+	git diff-tree -s --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"message from stdin" \
-	"echo 'silly new contents' >file && \
-	 echo commit message from stdin | git commit -F - -a"
+test_expect_success '--amend --edit of empty message' '
+	cat >replace <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	echo "amended" >"$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 replace &&
+	git commit --allow-empty --allow-empty-message -m "" &&
+	echo more bongo >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	EDITOR=./replace git commit --edit --amend &&
+	git diff-tree -s --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	./replace expect &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"overriding author from command line" \
-	"echo 'gak' >file && \
-	 git commit -m 'author' --author 'Rubber Duck <rduck@convoy.org>' -a >output 2>&1"
+test_expect_success '-m --edit' '
+	echo amended >expect &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m buffer &&
+	echo bongo bongo >file &&
+	git add file &&
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit -m unamended --edit &&
+	git diff-tree -s  --format=%s HEAD >msg &&
+	test_cmp expect msg
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"commit --author output mentions author" \
-	"grep Rubber.Duck output"
+test_expect_success '-m and -F do not mix' '
+	echo enough with the bongos >file &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -F msg -m amending .
+'
 
-test_expect_success PERL \
-	"interactive add" \
-	"echo 7 | git commit --interactive | grep 'What now'"
+test_expect_success 'using message from other commit' '
+	git commit -C HEAD^ .
+'
 
-test_expect_success PERL \
-	"commit --interactive doesn't change index if editor aborts" \
-	"echo zoo >file &&
+test_expect_success 'editing message from other commit' '
+	cat >editor <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	sed -e "s/amend/older/g"  < "$1" > "$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 editor &&
+	echo hula hula >file &&
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit -c HEAD^ -a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'message from stdin' '
+	echo silly new contents >file &&
+	echo commit message from stdin |
+	git commit -F - -a
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overriding author from command line' '
+	echo gak >file &&
+	git commit -m author \
+		--author "Rubber Duck <rduck@convoy.org>" -a >output 2>&1 &&
+	grep Rubber.Duck output
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'interactive add' '
+	echo 7 |
+	git commit --interactive |
+	grep "What now"
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL "commit --interactive doesn't change index if editor aborts" '
+	echo zoo >file &&
 	test_must_fail git diff --exit-code >diff1 &&
-	(echo u ; echo '*' ; echo q) |
-	(EDITOR=: && export EDITOR &&
-	 test_must_fail git commit --interactive) &&
+	(echo u ; echo "*" ; echo q) |
+	(
+		EDITOR=: &&
+		export EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit --interactive
+	) &&
 	git diff >diff2 &&
-	test_cmp diff1 diff2"
+	compare_diff_patch diff1 diff2
+'
 
-test_expect_success \
-	"showing committed revisions" \
-	"git rev-list HEAD >current"
+test_expect_success 'editor not invoked if -F is given' '
+	cat >editor <<-\EOF &&
+	#!/bin/sh
+	sed -e s/good/bad/g <"$1" >"$1-"
+	mv "$1-" "$1"
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 editor &&
 
-cat >editor <<\EOF
-#!/bin/sh
-sed -e "s/good/bad/g" < "$1" > "$1-"
-mv "$1-" "$1"
-EOF
-chmod 755 editor
+	echo A good commit message. >msg &&
+	echo moo >file &&
 
-cat >msg <<EOF
-A good commit message.
-EOF
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F msg &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%s >subject &&
+	grep -q good subject &&
 
-test_expect_success \
-	'editor not invoked if -F is given' '
-	 echo "moo" >file &&
-	 EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F msg &&
-	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good &&
-	 echo "quack" >file &&
-	 echo "Another good message." | EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F - &&
-	 git show -s --pretty=format:"%s" | grep -q good
-	 '
-# We could just check the head sha1, but checking each commit makes it
-# easier to isolate bugs.
-
-cat >expected <<\EOF
-72c0dc9855b0c9dadcbfd5a31cab072e0cb774ca
-9b88fc14ce6b32e3d9ee021531a54f18a5cf38a2
-3536bbb352c3a1ef9a420f5b4242d48578b92aa7
-d381ac431806e53f3dd7ac2f1ae0534f36d738b9
-4fd44095ad6334f3ef72e4c5ec8ddf108174b54a
-402702b49136e7587daa9280e91e4bb7cb2179f7
-EOF
-
-test_expect_success \
-    'validate git rev-list output.' \
-    'test_cmp expected current'
+	echo quack >file &&
+	echo Another good message. |
+	EDITOR=./editor git commit -a -F - &&
+	git show -s --pretty=format:%s >subject &&
+	grep -q good subject
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'partial commit that involves removal (1)' '
 
@@ -216,7 +279,6 @@
 
 '
 
-author="The Real Author <someguy@his.email.org>"
 test_expect_success 'amend commit to fix author' '
 
 	oldtick=$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE &&
@@ -345,7 +407,6 @@
 
 '
 
-author="The Real Author <someguy@his.email.org>"
 test_expect_success 'amend commit to fix author' '
 
 	oldtick=$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE &&
@@ -372,15 +433,8 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'same tree (single parent)' '
 
-	git reset --hard
-
-	if git commit -m empty
-	then
-		echo oops -- should have complained
-		false
-	else
-		: happy
-	fi
+	git reset --hard &&
+	test_must_fail git commit -m empty
 
 '
 
@@ -458,4 +512,16 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'commit a file whose name is a dash' '
+	git reset --hard &&
+	for i in 1 2 3 4 5
+	do
+		echo $i
+	done >./- &&
+	git add ./- &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m "add dash" >output </dev/null &&
+	test_i18ngrep " changed, 5 insertions" output
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7502-commit.sh b/t/t7502-commit.sh
index 3f3adc3..cbd7a45 100755
--- a/t/t7502-commit.sh
+++ b/t/t7502-commit.sh
@@ -4,6 +4,15 @@
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
+commit_msg_is () {
+	expect=commit_msg_is.expect
+	actual=commit_msg_is.actual
+
+	printf "%s" "$(git log --pretty=format:%s%b -1)" >$actual &&
+	printf "%s" "$1" >$expect &&
+	test_i18ncmp $expect $actual
+}
+
 # Arguments: [<prefix] [<commit message>] [<commit options>]
 check_summary_oneline() {
 	test_tick &&
@@ -168,7 +177,7 @@
 	git config --unset color.diff
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-t)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-t)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >expect &&
@@ -178,7 +187,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -F expect -a &&
@@ -187,7 +196,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim,-m)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (verbatim option,-m)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	git commit --cleanup=verbatim -m "$(cat expect)" -a &&
@@ -196,7 +205,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (whitespace option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo "# text";echo; } >text &&
@@ -207,7 +216,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo "# text";echo sample;echo; } >text &&
@@ -218,7 +227,7 @@
 
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e)' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F,-e)' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	{ echo;echo sample;echo; } >text &&
@@ -231,48 +240,111 @@
 # Please enter the commit message for your changes. Lines starting
 # with '#' will be ignored, and an empty message aborts the commit." >expect
 
-test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip,-F,-e): output' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit messages (strip option,-F,-e): output' '
 	test_i18ncmp expect actual
 '
 
-echo "#
-# Author:    $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL>
-#" >> expect
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (fail on invalid cleanup mode option)' '
+	test_must_fail git commit --cleanup=non-existent
+'
 
-test_expect_success 'author different from committer' '
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (fail on invalid cleanup mode configuration)' '
+	test_must_fail git -c commit.cleanup=non-existent commit
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (no config and no option uses default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	git commit --no-status &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (option overrides default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	git commit --cleanup=whitespace --no-status &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message # comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (config overrides default)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --no-status &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message # comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (option overrides config)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_set_editor "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/t7500/add-content-and-comment &&
+	git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --cleanup=default &&
+	commit_msg_is "commit message"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (default, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (whitespace option, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git commit --cleanup=whitespace --no-status -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup commit message (whitespace config, -m)' '
+	echo content >>file &&
+	git add file &&
+	git -c commit.cleanup=whitespace commit --no-status -m "message #comment " &&
+	commit_msg_is "message #comment"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'message shows author when it is not equal to committer' '
 	echo >>negative &&
-	test_might_fail git commit -e -m "sample" &&
-	head -n 7 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG >actual &&
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	git commit -e -m "sample" -a &&
+	test_i18ngrep \
+	  "^# Author: *A U Thor <author@example.com>\$" \
+	  .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 '
 
-mv expect expect.tmp
-sed '$d' < expect.tmp > expect
-rm -f expect.tmp
-echo "# Committer:
-#" >> expect
-
-test_expect_success 'committer is automatic' '
+test_expect_success AUTOIDENT 'message shows committer when it is automatic' '
 
 	echo >>negative &&
 	(
 		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
 		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
-		# must fail because there is no change
-		test_must_fail git commit -e -m "sample"
+		git commit -e -m "sample" -a
 	) &&
-	head -n 8 .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG |	\
-	sed "s/^# Committer: .*/# Committer:/" >actual
-	test_i18ncmp expect actual
+	# the ident is calculated from the system, so we cannot
+	# check the actual value, only that it is there
+	test_i18ngrep "^# Committer: " .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
 '
 
-pwd=`pwd`
-cat >> .git/FAKE_EDITOR << EOF
-#! /bin/sh
-echo editor started > "$pwd/.git/result"
+write_script .git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
+echo editor started > "$(pwd)/.git/result"
 exit 0
 EOF
-chmod +x .git/FAKE_EDITOR
+
+test_expect_success !AUTOIDENT 'do not fire editor when committer is bogus' '
+	>.git/result
+	>expect &&
+
+	echo >>negative &&
+	(
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+		sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
+		GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/.git/FAKE_EDITOR\"" &&
+		export GIT_EDITOR &&
+		test_must_fail git commit -e -m sample -a
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expect .git/result
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'do not fire editor in the presence of conflicts' '
 
@@ -293,16 +365,14 @@
 	test_must_fail git cherry-pick -n master &&
 	echo "editor not started" >.git/result &&
 	(
-		GIT_EDITOR="$(pwd)/.git/FAKE_EDITOR" &&
+		GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/.git/FAKE_EDITOR\"" &&
 		export GIT_EDITOR &&
 		test_must_fail git commit
 	) &&
 	test "$(cat .git/result)" = "editor not started"
 '
 
-pwd=`pwd`
-cat >.git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
-#! $SHELL_PATH
+write_script .git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
 # kill -TERM command added below.
 EOF
 
@@ -335,17 +405,16 @@
 	git reset --hard &&
 	git commit -s -m "hello: kitty" --allow-empty &&
 	git cat-file commit HEAD | sed -e "1,/^$/d" >actual &&
-	test $(wc -l <actual) = 3
+	test_line_count = 3 actual
 
 '
 
-cat >.git/FAKE_EDITOR <<EOF
-#!$SHELL_PATH
-mv "\$1" "\$1.orig"
+write_script .git/FAKE_EDITOR <<\EOF
+mv "$1" "$1.orig"
 (
 	echo message
-	cat "\$1.orig"
-) >"\$1"
+	cat "$1.orig"
+) >"$1"
 EOF
 
 echo '## Custom template' >template
@@ -448,4 +517,11 @@
 
 try_commit_status_combo
 
+test_expect_success 'commit --status with custom comment character' '
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset core.commentchar" &&
+	git config core.commentchar ";" &&
+	try_commit --status &&
+	test_i18ngrep "^; Changes to be committed:" .git/COMMIT_EDITMSG
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
index ee7f0cd..984889b 100755
--- a/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7503-pre-commit-hook.sh
@@ -118,4 +118,22 @@
 	git checkout -- file
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'check the author in hook' '
+	write_script "$HOOK" <<-\EOF &&
+	test "$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME" = "New Author" &&
+	test "$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL" = "newauthor@example.com"
+	EOF
+	test_must_fail git commit --allow-empty -m "by a.u.thor" &&
+	(
+		GIT_AUTHOR_NAME="New Author" &&
+		GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL="newauthor@example.com" &&
+		export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+		git commit --allow-empty -m "by new.author via env" &&
+		git show -s
+	) &&
+	git commit --author="New Author <newauthor@example.com>" \
+		--allow-empty -m "by new.author via command line" &&
+	git show -s
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
index 5b4b694..3573751 100755
--- a/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
+++ b/t/t7505-prepare-commit-msg-hook.sh
@@ -167,5 +167,19 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'with failing hook (merge)' '
+
+	git checkout -B other HEAD@{1} &&
+	echo "more" >> file &&
+	git add file &&
+	rm -f "$HOOK" &&
+	git commit -m other &&
+	write_script "$HOOK" <<-EOF
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	git checkout - &&
+	test_must_fail git merge other
+
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7508-status.sh b/t/t7508-status.sh
index 905255a..a79c032 100755
--- a/t/t7508-status.sh
+++ b/t/t7508-status.sh
@@ -59,6 +59,30 @@
 	test_i18ngrep "use \"git rm --cached <file>\.\.\.\" to unstage" output
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status --column' '
+	COLUMNS=50 git status --column="column dense" >output &&
+	cat >expect <<\EOF &&
+# On branch master
+# Changes to be committed:
+#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+#
+#	new file:   dir2/added
+#
+# Changes not staged for commit:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+#
+#	modified:   dir1/modified
+#
+# Untracked files:
+#   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+#
+#	dir1/untracked dir2/untracked untracked
+#	dir2/modified  output
+EOF
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
 cat >expect <<\EOF
 # On branch master
 # Changes to be committed:
@@ -189,7 +213,7 @@
 	#	untracked
 	EOF
 	git status --ignored >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'status with gitignore (nothing untracked)' '
@@ -247,7 +271,7 @@
 	#	untracked
 	EOF
 	git status --ignored >output &&
-	test_cmp expect output
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
 '
 
 rm -f .gitignore
@@ -271,6 +295,15 @@
 
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'status -s -z -b' '
+	tr "\\n" Q <expect >expect.q &&
+	mv expect.q expect &&
+	git status -s -z -b >output &&
+	nul_to_q <output >output.q &&
+	mv output.q output &&
+	test_cmp expect output
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup dir3' '
 	mkdir dir3 &&
 	: >dir3/untracked1 &&
@@ -647,9 +680,14 @@
 git config --unset color.status
 git config --unset color.ui
 
-test_expect_success 'status --porcelain ignores -b' '
+test_expect_success 'status --porcelain respects -b' '
 
 	git status --porcelain -b >output &&
+	{
+		echo "## master" &&
+		cat expect
+	} >tmp &&
+	mv tmp expect &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 
 '
@@ -903,7 +941,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'status -z implies porcelain' '
 	git status --porcelain |
-	perl -pe "s/\012/\000/g" >expect &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe "s/\012/\000/g" >expect &&
 	git status -z >output &&
 	test_cmp expect output
 '
@@ -1216,6 +1254,56 @@
 '
 
 cat > expect << EOF
+; On branch master
+; Changes to be committed:
+;   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+;
+;	modified:   sm
+;
+; Changes not staged for commit:
+;   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+;   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+;
+;	modified:   dir1/modified
+;	modified:   sm (new commits)
+;
+; Submodule changes to be committed:
+;
+; * sm $head...$new_head (1):
+;   > Add bar
+;
+; Submodules changed but not updated:
+;
+; * sm $new_head...$head2 (1):
+;   > 2nd commit
+;
+; Untracked files:
+;   (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+;
+;	.gitmodules
+;	dir1/untracked
+;	dir2/modified
+;	dir2/untracked
+;	expect
+;	output
+;	untracked
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success "status (core.commentchar with submodule summary)" '
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset core.commentchar" &&
+	git config core.commentchar ";" &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+test_expect_success "status (core.commentchar with two chars with submodule summary)" '
+	test_when_finished "git config --unset core.commentchar" &&
+	git config core.commentchar ";;" &&
+	git status >output &&
+	test_i18ncmp expect output
+'
+
+cat > expect << EOF
 # On branch master
 # Changes not staged for commit:
 #   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
diff --git a/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh b/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1d3c56f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7510-signed-commit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='signed commit tests'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/lib-gpg.sh"
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'create signed commits' '
+	echo 1 >file && git add file &&
+	test_tick && git commit -S -m initial &&
+	git tag initial &&
+	git branch side &&
+
+	echo 2 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -S -m second &&
+	git tag second &&
+
+	git checkout side &&
+	echo 3 >elif && git add elif &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "third on side" &&
+
+	git checkout master &&
+	test_tick && git merge -S side &&
+	git tag merge &&
+
+	echo 4 >file && test_tick && git commit -a -m "fourth unsigned" &&
+	git tag fourth-unsigned &&
+
+	test_tick && git commit --amend -S -m "fourth signed" &&
+	git tag fourth-signed
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'show signatures' '
+	(
+		for commit in initial second merge master
+		do
+			git show --pretty=short --show-signature $commit >actual &&
+			grep "Good signature from" actual || exit 1
+			! grep "BAD signature from" actual || exit 1
+			echo $commit OK
+		done
+	) &&
+	(
+		for commit in merge^2 fourth-unsigned
+		do
+			git show --pretty=short --show-signature $commit >actual &&
+			grep "Good signature from" actual && exit 1
+			! grep "BAD signature from" actual || exit 1
+			echo $commit OK
+		done
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'detect fudged signature' '
+	git cat-file commit master >raw &&
+
+	sed -e "s/fourth signed/4th forged/" raw >forged1 &&
+	git hash-object -w -t commit forged1 >forged1.commit &&
+	git show --pretty=short --show-signature $(cat forged1.commit) >actual1 &&
+	grep "BAD signature from" actual1 &&
+	! grep "Good signature from" actual1
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'detect fudged signature with NUL' '
+	git cat-file commit master >raw &&
+	cat raw >forged2 &&
+	echo Qwik | tr "Q" "\000" >>forged2 &&
+	git hash-object -w -t commit forged2 >forged2.commit &&
+	git show --pretty=short --show-signature $(cat forged2.commit) >actual2 &&
+	grep "BAD signature from" actual2 &&
+	! grep "Good signature from" actual2
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'amending already signed commit' '
+	git checkout fourth-signed^0 &&
+	git commit --amend -S --no-edit &&
+	git show -s --show-signature HEAD >actual &&
+	grep "Good signature from" actual &&
+	! grep "BAD signature from" actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7511-status-index.sh b/t/t7511-status-index.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b5fdc04
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7511-status-index.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git status with certain file name lengths'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+files="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z"
+
+check() {
+	len=$1
+	prefix=$2
+
+	for i in $files
+	do
+		: >$prefix$i
+	done
+
+	test_expect_success "status, filename length $len" "
+		git add $prefix* &&
+		git status
+	"
+	rm $prefix* .git/index
+}
+
+check  1
+check  2 p
+check  3 px
+check  4 pre
+check  5 pref
+check  6 prefi
+check  7 prefix
+check  8 prefix-
+check  9 prefix-p
+check 10 prefix-pr
+check 11 prefix-pre
+check 12 prefix-pref
+check 13 prefix-prefi
+check 14 prefix-prefix
+check 15 prefix-prefix-
+check 16 prefix-prefix-p
+check 17 prefix-prefix-pr
+check 18 prefix-prefix-pre
+check 19 prefix-prefix-pref
+check 20 prefix-prefix-prefi
+check 21 prefix-prefix-prefix
+check 22 prefix-prefix-prefix-
+check 23 prefix-prefix-prefix-p
+check 24 prefix-prefix-prefix-pr
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7512-status-help.sh b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b3f6eb9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t7512-status-help.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,649 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Valentin Duperray, Lucien Kong, Franck Jonas,
+#		     Thomas Nguy, Khoi Nguyen
+#		     Grenoble INP Ensimag
+#
+
+test_description='git status advices'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-rebase.sh
+
+set_fake_editor
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for conflicts' '
+	test_commit init main.txt init &&
+	git branch conflicts &&
+	test_commit on_master main.txt on_master &&
+	git checkout conflicts &&
+	test_commit on_conflicts main.txt on_conflicts
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when conflicts unresolved' '
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch conflicts
+	# You have unmerged paths.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both modified:      main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when conflicts resolved before commit' '
+	git reset --hard conflicts &&
+	test_must_fail git merge master &&
+	echo one >main.txt &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch conflicts
+	# All conflicts fixed but you are still merging.
+	#   (use "git commit" to conclude merge)
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b rebase_conflicts &&
+	test_commit one_rebase main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_rebase main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_rebase main.txt three
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when rebase in progress before resolving conflicts' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently rebasing.
+	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git rebase --continue")
+	#   (use "git rebase --skip" to skip this patch)
+	#   (use "git rebase --abort" to check out the original branch)
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both modified:      main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when rebase in progress before rebase --continue' '
+	git reset --hard rebase_conflicts &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
+	echo three >main.txt &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently rebasing.
+	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for rebase_i_conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b rebase_i_conflicts &&
+	test_commit one_unmerge main.txt one_unmerge &&
+	git branch rebase_i_conflicts_second &&
+	test_commit one_master main.txt one_master &&
+	git checkout rebase_i_conflicts_second &&
+	test_commit one_second main.txt one_second
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i when conflicts unresolved' '
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently rebasing.
+	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git rebase --continue")
+	#   (use "git rebase --skip" to skip this patch)
+	#   (use "git rebase --abort" to check out the original branch)
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both modified:      main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status during rebase -i after resolving conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard rebase_i_conflicts_second &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase -i rebase_i_conflicts &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently rebasing.
+	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#   (use "git reset HEAD <file>..." to unstage)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when rebasing -i in edit mode' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b rebase_i_edit &&
+	test_commit one_rebase_i main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_rebase_i main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_rebase_i main.txt three &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~2 &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when splitting a commit' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b split_commit &&
+	test_commit one_split main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_split main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_split main.txt three &&
+	test_commit four_split main.txt four &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes not staged for commit:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+	#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status after editing the last commit with --amend during a rebase -i' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b amend_last &&
+	test_commit one_amend main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_amend main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_amend main.txt three &&
+	test_commit four_amend main.txt four &&
+	FAKE_LINES="1 2 edit 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for several edits' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b several_edits &&
+	test_commit one_edits main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_edits main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_edits main.txt three &&
+	test_commit four_edits main.txt four
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit' '
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and split' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes not staged for commit:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+	#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (continue first edit) second edit and amend' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git commit --amend -m "foo" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git commit --amend -m "a" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and split' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git commit --amend -m "b" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes not staged for commit:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+	#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (amend first edit) second edit and amend' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git commit --amend -m "c" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git commit --amend -m "d" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	git commit -m "e" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and split' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	git commit --amend -m "f" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (Once your working directory is clean, run "git rebase --continue")
+	#
+	# Changes not staged for commit:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to update what will be committed)
+	#   (use "git checkout -- <file>..." to discard changes in working directory)
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status: (split first edit) second edit and amend' '
+	git reset --hard several_edits &&
+	FAKE_LINES="edit 1 edit 2 3" &&
+	export FAKE_LINES &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD~3 &&
+	git reset HEAD^ &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	git commit --amend -m "g" &&
+	git rebase --continue &&
+	git commit --amend -m "h" &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently editing a commit during a rebase.
+	#   (use "git commit --amend" to amend the current commit)
+	#   (use "git rebase --continue" once you are satisfied with your changes)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare am_session' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b am_session &&
+	test_commit one_am one.txt "one" &&
+	test_commit two_am two.txt "two" &&
+	test_commit three_am three.txt "three"
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status in an am session: file already exists' '
+	git checkout -b am_already_exists &&
+	test_when_finished "rm Maildir/* && git am --abort" &&
+	git format-patch -1 -oMaildir &&
+	test_must_fail git am Maildir/*.patch &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch am_already_exists
+	# You are in the middle of an am session.
+	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git am --resolved")
+	#   (use "git am --skip" to skip this patch)
+	#   (use "git am --abort" to restore the original branch)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status in an am session: file does not exist' '
+	git reset --hard am_session &&
+	git checkout -b am_not_exists &&
+	git rm three.txt &&
+	git commit -m "delete three.txt" &&
+	test_when_finished "rm Maildir/* && git am --abort" &&
+	git format-patch -1 -oMaildir &&
+	test_must_fail git am Maildir/*.patch &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch am_not_exists
+	# You are in the middle of an am session.
+	#   (fix conflicts and then run "git am --resolved")
+	#   (use "git am --skip" to skip this patch)
+	#   (use "git am --abort" to restore the original branch)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status in an am session: empty patch' '
+	git reset --hard am_session &&
+	git checkout -b am_empty &&
+	test_when_finished "rm Maildir/* && git am --abort" &&
+	git format-patch -3 -oMaildir &&
+	git rm one.txt two.txt three.txt &&
+	git commit -m "delete all am_empty" &&
+	echo error >Maildir/0002-two_am.patch &&
+	test_must_fail git am Maildir/*.patch &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch am_empty
+	# You are in the middle of an am session.
+	# The current patch is empty.
+	#   (use "git am --skip" to skip this patch)
+	#   (use "git am --abort" to restore the original branch)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when bisecting' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b bisect &&
+	test_commit one_bisect main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_bisect main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_bisect main.txt three &&
+	test_when_finished "git bisect reset" &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	git bisect bad &&
+	git bisect good one_bisect &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently bisecting.
+	#   (use "git bisect reset" to get back to the original branch)
+	#
+	nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when rebase conflicts with statushints disabled' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b statushints_disabled &&
+	test_when_finished "git config --local advice.statushints true" &&
+	git config --local advice.statushints false &&
+	test_commit one_statushints main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_statushints main.txt two &&
+	test_commit three_statushints main.txt three &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase HEAD^ --onto HEAD^^ &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# Not currently on any branch.
+	# You are currently rebasing.
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#	both modified:      main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'prepare for cherry-pick conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard master &&
+	git checkout -b cherry_branch &&
+	test_commit one_cherry main.txt one &&
+	test_commit two_cherries main.txt two &&
+	git checkout -b cherry_branch_second &&
+	test_commit second_cherry main.txt second &&
+	git checkout cherry_branch &&
+	test_commit three_cherries main.txt three
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when cherry-picking before resolving conflicts' '
+	test_when_finished "git cherry-pick --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick cherry_branch_second &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch cherry_branch
+	# You are currently cherry-picking.
+	#   (fix conflicts and run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Unmerged paths:
+	#   (use "git add <file>..." to mark resolution)
+	#
+	#	both modified:      main.txt
+	#
+	no changes added to commit (use "git add" and/or "git commit -a")
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'status when cherry-picking after resolving conflicts' '
+	git reset --hard cherry_branch &&
+	test_when_finished "git cherry-pick --abort" &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick cherry_branch_second &&
+	echo end >main.txt &&
+	git add main.txt &&
+	cat >expected <<-\EOF &&
+	# On branch cherry_branch
+	# You are currently cherry-picking.
+	#   (all conflicts fixed: run "git commit")
+	#
+	# Changes to be committed:
+	#
+	#	modified:   main.txt
+	#
+	# Untracked files not listed (use -u option to show untracked files)
+	EOF
+	git status --untracked-files=no >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
+'
+
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t7600-merge.sh b/t/t7600-merge.sh
index 3008e4e..5e19598 100755
--- a/t/t7600-merge.sh
+++ b/t/t7600-merge.sh
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 '
 
 . ./test-lib.sh
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY"/lib-gpg.sh
 
 printf '%s\n' 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >file
 printf '%s\n' '1 X' 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 >file.1
@@ -38,8 +39,8 @@
 >empty
 
 create_merge_msgs () {
-	echo "Merge commit 'c2'" >msg.1-5 &&
-	echo "Merge commit 'c2'; commit 'c3'" >msg.1-5-9 &&
+	echo "Merge tag 'c2'" >msg.1-5 &&
+	echo "Merge tags 'c2' and 'c3'" >msg.1-5-9 &&
 	{
 		echo "Squashed commit of the following:" &&
 		echo &&
@@ -57,7 +58,7 @@
 	} >squash.1-5-9 &&
 	echo >msg.nolog &&
 	{
-		echo "* commit 'c3':" &&
+		echo "* tag 'c3':" &&
 		echo "  commit 3" &&
 		echo
 	} >msg.log
@@ -96,7 +97,11 @@
 
 verify_mergeheads () {
 	printf '%s\n' "$@" >mergehead.expected &&
-	test_cmp mergehead.expected .git/MERGE_HEAD
+	while read sha1 rest
+	do
+		git rev-parse $sha1
+	done <.git/MERGE_HEAD >mergehead.actual &&
+	test_cmp mergehead.expected mergehead.actual
 }
 
 verify_no_mergehead () {
@@ -152,7 +157,7 @@
 		>.git/index &&
 		test_expect_code 129 git merge -h 2>usage
 	) &&
-	grep "[Uu]sage: git merge" broken/usage
+	test_i18ngrep "[Uu]sage: git merge" broken/usage
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'reject non-strategy with a git-merge-foo name' '
@@ -666,4 +671,28 @@
 	test_cmp actual expected
 '
 
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge --ff-only tag' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "A newer commit" &&
+	git tag -s -m "A newer commit" signed &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+
+	git merge --ff-only signed &&
+	git rev-parse signed^0 >expect &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
+test_expect_success GPG 'merge --no-edit tag should skip editor' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git commit --allow-empty -m "A newer commit" &&
+	git tag -f -s -m "A newer commit" signed &&
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+
+	EDITOR=false git merge --no-edit signed &&
+	git rev-parse signed^0 >expect &&
+	git rev-parse HEAD^2 >actual &&
+	test_cmp actual expect
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
index 61f36ba..955f09f 100755
--- a/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
+++ b/t/t7602-merge-octopus-many.sh
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@
 Trying simple merge with c3
 Trying simple merge with c4
 Merge made by the 'octopus' strategy.
- c2.c |    1 +
- c3.c |    1 +
- c4.c |    1 +
- 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ c2.c | 1 +
+ c3.c | 1 +
+ c4.c | 1 +
+ 3 files changed, 3 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 c2.c
  create mode 100644 c3.c
  create mode 100644 c4.c
@@ -66,30 +66,28 @@
 test_expect_success 'merge output uses pretty names' '
 	git reset --hard c1 &&
 	git merge c2 c3 c4 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
-Already up-to-date with c4
-Trying simple merge with c5
-Merge made by the 'octopus' strategy.
- c5.c |    1 +
- 1 files changed, 1 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+Merge made by the 'recursive' strategy.
+ c5.c | 1 +
+ 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)
  create mode 100644 c5.c
 EOF
 
-test_expect_success 'merge up-to-date output uses pretty names' '
-	git merge c4 c5 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+test_expect_success 'merge reduces irrelevant remote heads' '
+	GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=0 git merge c4 c5 >actual &&
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
 cat >expected <<\EOF
 Fast-forwarding to: c1
 Trying simple merge with c2
 Merge made by the 'octopus' strategy.
- c1.c |    1 +
- c2.c |    1 +
- 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 0 deletions(-)
+ c1.c | 1 +
+ c2.c | 1 +
+ 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)
  create mode 100644 c1.c
  create mode 100644 c2.c
 EOF
@@ -97,7 +95,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'merge fast-forward output uses pretty names' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	git merge c1 c2 >actual &&
-	test_cmp actual expected
+	test_i18ncmp expected actual
 '
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh b/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh
index 7e17eb4..9894895 100755
--- a/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh
+++ b/t/t7603-merge-reduce-heads.sh
@@ -57,7 +57,36 @@
 	test -f c2.c &&
 	test -f c3.c &&
 	test -f c4.c &&
-	test -f c5.c
+	test -f c5.c &&
+	git show --format=%s -s >actual &&
+	! grep c1 actual &&
+	grep c2 actual &&
+	grep c3 actual &&
+	! grep c4 actual &&
+	grep c5 actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'pull c2, c3, c4, c5 into c1' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git pull . c2 c3 c4 c5 &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" != "$(git rev-parse HEAD)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c1)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^1)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c2)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^2)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c3)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^3)" &&
+	test "$(git rev-parse c5)" = "$(git rev-parse HEAD^4)" &&
+	git diff --exit-code &&
+	test -f c0.c &&
+	test -f c1.c &&
+	test -f c2.c &&
+	test -f c3.c &&
+	test -f c4.c &&
+	test -f c5.c &&
+	git show --format=%s -s >actual &&
+	! grep c1 actual &&
+	grep c2 actual &&
+	grep c3 actual &&
+	! grep c4 actual &&
+	grep c5 actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'setup' '
@@ -113,4 +142,23 @@
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^1) = $(git rev-parse E2) &&
 	test $(git rev-parse HEAD^2) = $(git rev-parse I2)
 '
+
+test_expect_success 'fast-forward to redundant refs' '
+	git reset --hard c0 &&
+	git merge c4 c5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge result' '
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse c5)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge up-to-date redundant refs' '
+	git reset --hard c5 &&
+	git merge c0 c4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge result' '
+	test $(git rev-parse HEAD) = $(git rev-parse c5)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
index 9114785..89619cf 100755
--- a/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
+++ b/t/t7604-merge-custom-message.sh
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@
 
 	cp exp.subject exp.log &&
 	echo >>exp.log "" &&
-	echo >>exp.log "* commit 'c2':" &&
+	echo >>exp.log "* tag 'c2':" &&
 	echo >>exp.log "  c2"
 }
 
diff --git a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
index aa74184..6547eb8 100755
--- a/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
+++ b/t/t7607-merge-overwrite.sh
@@ -92,6 +92,15 @@
 	test_cmp important c1.c
 '
 
+test_expect_failure 'will not overwrite unstaged changes in renamed file' '
+	git reset --hard c1 &&
+	git mv c1.c other.c &&
+	git commit -m rename &&
+	cp important other.c &&
+	git merge c1a &&
+	test_cmp important other.c
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'will not overwrite untracked subtree' '
 	git reset --hard c0 &&
 	rm -rf sub &&
diff --git a/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
index 9225fa6..8e7e0a5 100755
--- a/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
+++ b/t/t7608-merge-messages.sh
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit master-3 &&
 	git merge tag-1 &&
-	check_oneline "Merge commit Qtag-1Q"
+	check_oneline "Merge tag Qtag-1Q"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'ambiguous tag' '
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@
 	git checkout master &&
 	test_commit master-4 &&
 	git merge ambiguous &&
-	check_oneline "Merge commit QambiguousQ"
+	check_oneline "Merge tag QambiguousQ"
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'remote-tracking branch' '
diff --git a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
index 4aab2a7..bc38737 100755
--- a/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
+++ b/t/t7610-mergetool.sh
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
     echo branch1 change >file1 &&
     echo branch1 newfile >file2 &&
     echo branch1 spaced >"spaced name" &&
+    echo branch1 both added >both &&
     echo branch1 change file11 >file11 &&
     echo branch1 change file13 >file13 &&
     echo branch1 sub >subdir/file3 &&
@@ -50,14 +51,26 @@
 	git checkout -b submod-branch1
     ) &&
     git add file1 "spaced name" file11 file13 file2 subdir/file3 submod &&
+    git add both &&
     git rm file12 &&
     git commit -m "branch1 changes" &&
 
+    git checkout -b stash1 master &&
+    echo stash1 change file11 >file11 &&
+    git add file11 &&
+    git commit -m "stash1 changes" &&
+
+    git checkout -b stash2 master &&
+    echo stash2 change file11 >file11 &&
+    git add file11 &&
+    git commit -m "stash2 changes" &&
+
     git checkout master &&
     git submodule update -N &&
     echo master updated >file1 &&
     echo master new >file2 &&
     echo master updated spaced >"spaced name" &&
+    echo master both added >both &&
     echo master updated file12 >file12 &&
     echo master updated file14 >file14 &&
     echo master new sub >subdir/file3 &&
@@ -69,18 +82,22 @@
 	git checkout -b submod-master
     ) &&
     git add file1 "spaced name" file12 file14 file2 subdir/file3 submod &&
+    git add both &&
     git rm file11 &&
     git commit -m "master updates" &&
 
     git config merge.tool mytool &&
     git config mergetool.mytool.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
-    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true
+    git config mergetool.mytool.trustExitCode true &&
+    git config mergetool.mybase.cmd "cat \"\$BASE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
+    git config mergetool.mybase.trustExitCode true
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'custom mergetool' '
     git checkout -b test1 branch1 &&
     git submodule update -N &&
     test_must_fail git merge master >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 "spaced name" >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -101,6 +118,7 @@
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file2 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool "spaced name" >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -131,6 +149,7 @@
 	cd subdir &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool ../file1 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "" | git mergetool ../file2 ../spaced\ name >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+	( yes "" | git mergetool ../both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "d" | git mergetool ../file11 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "d" | git mergetool ../file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
 	( yes "l" | git mergetool ../submod >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
@@ -184,7 +203,35 @@
     git reset --hard
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'conflicted stash sets up rerere'  '
+    git config rerere.enabled true &&
+    git checkout stash1 &&
+    echo "Conflicting stash content" >file11 &&
+    git stash &&
+
+    git checkout --detach stash2 &&
+    test_must_fail git stash apply &&
+
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    conflicts="$(git rerere remaining)" &&
+    test "$conflicts" = "file11" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" != "No files need merging" &&
+
+    git commit -am "save the stash resolution" &&
+
+    git reset --hard stash2 &&
+    test_must_fail git stash apply &&
+
+    test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
+    conflicts="$(git rerere remaining)" &&
+    test -z "$conflicts" &&
+    output="$(git mergetool --no-prompt)" &&
+    test "$output" = "No files need merging"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'mergetool takes partial path' '
+    git reset --hard
     git config rerere.enabled false &&
     git checkout -b test12 branch1 &&
     git submodule update -N &&
@@ -212,6 +259,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
@@ -228,6 +276,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     test ! -e submod &&
@@ -241,6 +290,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     test ! -e submod &&
@@ -256,6 +306,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge test6 &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
@@ -279,6 +330,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     rmdir submod && mv submod-movedaside submod &&
@@ -294,6 +346,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge master &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     git submodule update -N &&
@@ -309,6 +362,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "r" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     test -d submod.orig &&
@@ -324,6 +378,7 @@
     test_must_fail git merge test7 &&
     test -n "$(git ls-files -u)" &&
     ( yes "" | git mergetool file1 file2 spaced\ name subdir/file3 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
+    ( yes "" | git mergetool both>/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "d" | git mergetool file11 file12 >/dev/null 2>&1 ) &&
     ( yes "l" | git mergetool submod ) &&
     test "$(cat submod/bar)" = "master submodule" &&
@@ -445,4 +500,26 @@
     git submodule update -N
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'file with no base' '
+    git checkout -b test13 branch1 &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    git mergetool --no-prompt --tool mybase -- both &&
+    >expected &&
+    test_cmp both expected &&
+    git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'custom commands override built-ins' '
+    git checkout -b test14 branch1 &&
+    git config mergetool.defaults.cmd "cat \"\$REMOTE\" >\"\$MERGED\"" &&
+    git config mergetool.defaults.trustExitCode true &&
+    test_must_fail git merge master &&
+    git mergetool --no-prompt --tool defaults -- both &&
+    echo master both added >expected &&
+    test_cmp both expected &&
+    git config --unset mergetool.defaults.cmd &&
+    git config --unset mergetool.defaults.trustExitCode &&
+    git reset --hard master >/dev/null 2>&1
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
index 200ab61..b8d4cde 100755
--- a/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
+++ b/t/t7701-repack-unpack-unreachable.sh
@@ -95,4 +95,18 @@
 	compare_mtimes < mtimes
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'do not bother loosening old objects' '
+	obj1=$(echo one | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	obj2=$(echo two | git hash-object -w --stdin) &&
+	pack1=$(echo $obj1 | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
+	pack2=$(echo $obj2 | git pack-objects .git/objects/pack/pack) &&
+	git prune-packed &&
+	git cat-file -p $obj1 &&
+	git cat-file -p $obj2 &&
+	test-chmtime =-86400 .git/objects/pack/pack-$pack2.pack &&
+	git repack -A -d --unpack-unreachable=1.hour.ago &&
+	git cat-file -p $obj1 &&
+	test_must_fail git cat-file -p $obj2
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7800-difftool.sh b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
index 395adfc..eb1d3f8 100755
--- a/t/t7800-difftool.sh
+++ b/t/t7800-difftool.sh
@@ -38,7 +38,17 @@
 prompt_given()
 {
 	prompt="$1"
-	test "$prompt" = "Hit return to launch 'test-tool': branch"
+	test "$prompt" = "Launch 'test-tool' [Y/n]: branch"
+}
+
+stdin_contains()
+{
+	grep >/dev/null "$1"
+}
+
+stdin_doesnot_contain()
+{
+	! stdin_contains "$1"
 }
 
 # Create a file on master and change it on branch
@@ -66,6 +76,17 @@
 	test "$diff" = "branch"
 '
 
+# Ensures that a custom difftool.<tool>.cmd overrides built-ins
+test_expect_success PERL 'custom commands override built-ins' '
+	restore_test_defaults &&
+	git config difftool.defaults.cmd "cat \$REMOTE" &&
+
+	diff=$(git difftool --tool defaults --no-prompt branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "master" &&
+
+	git config --unset difftool.defaults.cmd
+'
+
 # Ensures that git-difftool ignores bogus --tool values
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool ignores bad --tool values' '
 	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --tool=bad-tool branch)
@@ -73,6 +94,17 @@
 	test "$diff" = ""
 '
 
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool forwards arguments to diff' '
+	>for-diff &&
+	git add for-diff &&
+	echo changes>for-diff &&
+	git add for-diff &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --cached --no-prompt -- for-diff) &&
+	test "$diff" = "" &&
+	git reset -- for-diff &&
+	rm for-diff
+'
+
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool honors --gui' '
 	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
 	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
@@ -84,6 +116,19 @@
 	restore_test_defaults
 '
 
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui last setting wins' '
+	git config diff.guitool bogus-tool &&
+	git difftool --no-prompt --gui --no-gui &&
+
+	git config merge.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config diff.tool bogus-tool &&
+	git config diff.guitool test-tool &&
+	diff=$(git difftool --no-prompt --no-gui --gui branch) &&
+	test "$diff" = "branch" &&
+
+	restore_test_defaults
+'
+
 test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --gui works without configured diff.guitool' '
 	git config diff.tool test-tool &&
 
@@ -265,4 +310,79 @@
 	test "$diff" = branch
 '
 
+# Create a second file on master and a different version on branch
+test_expect_success PERL 'setup with 2 files different' '
+	echo m2 >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -m "added file2" &&
+
+	git checkout branch &&
+	echo br2 >file2 &&
+	git add file2 &&
+	git commit -a -m "branch changed file2" &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the first file' '
+	diff=$( (echo n; echo) | git difftool -x cat branch ) &&
+
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains m2 &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains br2 &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain master &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain branch
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'say no to the second file' '
+	diff=$( (echo; echo n) | git difftool -x cat branch ) &&
+
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains master &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains branch &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain m2 &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_doesnot_contain br2
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --tool-help' '
+	tool_help=$(git difftool --tool-help) &&
+	echo "$tool_help" | stdin_contains tool
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'setup change in subdirectory' '
+	git checkout master &&
+	mkdir sub &&
+	echo master >sub/sub &&
+	git add sub/sub &&
+	git commit -m "added sub/sub" &&
+	echo test >>file &&
+	echo test >>sub/sub &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m "modified both"
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool -d' '
+	diff=$(git difftool -d --extcmd ls branch) &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --extcmd ls branch) &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff ignores --prompt' '
+	diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --prompt --extcmd ls branch) &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
+	echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+'
+
+test_expect_success PERL 'difftool --dir-diff from subdirectory' '
+	(
+		cd sub &&
+		diff=$(git difftool --dir-diff --extcmd ls branch) &&
+		echo "$diff" | stdin_contains sub &&
+		echo "$diff" | stdin_contains file
+	)
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t7810-grep.sh b/t/t7810-grep.sh
index 81263b7..f698001 100755
--- a/t/t7810-grep.sh
+++ b/t/t7810-grep.sh
@@ -47,6 +47,13 @@
 	echo vvv >t/v &&
 	mkdir t/a &&
 	echo vvv >t/a/v &&
+	{
+		echo "line without leading space1"
+		echo " line with leading space1"
+		echo " line with leading space2"
+		echo " line with leading space3"
+		echo "line without leading space2"
+	} >space &&
 	git add . &&
 	test_tick &&
 	git commit -m initial
@@ -243,9 +250,109 @@
 		git -c grep.extendedRegexp=true grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
 		test_cmp expected actual
 	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.patterntype=basic" '
+		echo "ab:a+bc" >expected &&
+		git -c grep.patterntype=basic grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.patterntype=extended" '
+		echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+		git -c grep.patterntype=extended grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.patterntype=fixed" '
+		echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+		git -c grep.patterntype=fixed grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success LIBPCRE "grep $L with grep.patterntype=perl" '
+		echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+		git -c grep.patterntype=perl grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.patternType=default and grep.extendedRegexp=true" '
+		echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.patternType=default \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=true \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success "grep $L with grep.extendedRegexp=true and grep.patternType=default" '
+		echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=true \
+			-c grep.patternType=default \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'grep $L with grep.patternType=extended and grep.extendedRegexp=false' '
+		echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.patternType=extended \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=false \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'grep $L with grep.patternType=basic and grep.extendedRegexp=true' '
+		echo "ab:a+bc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.patternType=basic \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=true \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'grep $L with grep.extendedRegexp=false and grep.patternType=extended' '
+		echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=false \
+			-c grep.patternType=extended \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
+
+	test_expect_success 'grep $L with grep.extendedRegexp=true and grep.patternType=basic' '
+		echo "ab:a+bc" >expected &&
+		git \
+			-c grep.extendedRegexp=true \
+			-c grep.patternType=basic \
+			grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+		test_cmp expected actual
+	'
 done
 
 cat >expected <<EOF
+file
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'grep -l -C' '
+	git grep -l -C1 foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
+file:5
+EOF
+test_expect_success 'grep -l -C' '
+	git grep -c -C1 foo >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -L -C' '
+	git ls-files >expected &&
+	git grep -L -C1 nonexistent_string >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<EOF
 file:foo mmap bar_mmap
 EOF
 
@@ -322,6 +429,11 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep, multiple patterns' '
+	git grep "$(cat patterns)" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 cat >expected <<EOF
 file:foo mmap bar
 file:foo_mmap bar
@@ -365,17 +477,6 @@
 	test_cmp empty actual
 '
 
-# Create 1024 file names that sort between "y" and "z" to make sure
-# the two files are handled by different calls to an external grep.
-# This depends on MAXARGS in builtin-grep.c being 1024 or less.
-c32="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v"
-test_expect_success 'grep -C1, hunk mark between files' '
-	for a in $c32; do for b in $c32; do : >y-$a$b; done; done &&
-	git add y-?? &&
-	git grep -C1 "^[yz]" >actual &&
-	test_cmp expected actual
-'
-
 test_expect_success 'grep -C1 hunk mark between files' '
 	git grep -C1 "^[yz]" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
@@ -401,31 +502,41 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (1)' '
 	git log --author=author --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	{
+		echo third && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (2)' '
 	git log --author=" * " -F --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	( echo second ) >expect &&
+	{
+		echo second
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (3)' '
 	git log --author="^A U" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	{
+		echo third && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (4)' '
 	git log --author="frotz\.com>$" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	( echo second ) >expect &&
+	{
+		echo second
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
 test_expect_success 'log grep (5)' '
 	git log --author=Thor -F --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
-	( echo third ; echo initial ) >expect &&
+	{
+		echo third && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -435,11 +546,49 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'log --grep --author implicitly uses all-match' '
-	# grep matches initial and second but not third
-	# author matches only initial and third
-	git log --author="A U Thor" --grep=s --grep=l --format=%s >actual &&
-	echo initial >expect &&
+test_expect_success 'log grep (7)' '
+	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	echo third >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (8)' '
+	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --grep-reflog="commit: second" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo third && echo second
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (9)' '
+	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --author="Thor" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	echo third >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log grep (9)' '
+	git log -g --grep-reflog="commit: third" --author="non-existant" --pretty=tformat:%s >actual &&
+	: >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep-reflog can only be used under -g' '
+	test_must_fail git log --grep-reflog="commit: third"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log with multiple --grep uses union' '
+	git log --grep=i --grep=r --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo fourth && echo third && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --all-match with multiple --grep uses intersection' '
+	git log --all-match --grep=i --grep=r --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo third
+	} >expect &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -451,7 +600,47 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'log with --grep and multiple --author uses all-match' '
+test_expect_success 'log --all-match with multiple --author still uses union' '
+	git log --all-match --author="Thor" --author="Aster" --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+	    echo third && echo second && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep --author uses intersection' '
+	# grep matches only third and fourth
+	# author matches only initial and third
+	git log --author="A U Thor" --grep=r --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo third
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep --grep --author takes union of greps and intersects with author' '
+	# grep matches initial and second but not third
+	# author matches only initial and third
+	git log --author="A U Thor" --grep=s --grep=l --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo initial
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log ---all-match -grep --author --author still takes union of authors and intersects with grep' '
+	# grep matches only initial and third
+	# author matches all but second
+	git log --all-match --author="Thor" --author="Night" --grep=i --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+	    echo third && echo initial
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --grep --author --author takes union of authors and intersects with grep' '
+	# grep matches only initial and third
+	# author matches all but second
 	git log --author="Thor" --author="Night" --grep=i --format=%s >actual &&
 	{
 	    echo third && echo initial
@@ -459,9 +648,25 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'log with --grep and multiple --author uses all-match' '
-	git log --author="Thor" --author="Night" --grep=q --format=%s >actual &&
-	>expect &&
+test_expect_success 'log --all-match --grep --grep --author takes intersection' '
+	# grep matches only third
+	# author matches only initial and third
+	git log --all-match --author="A U Thor" --grep=i --grep=r --format=%s >actual &&
+	{
+		echo third
+	} >expect &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --author does not search in timestamp' '
+	: >expect &&
+	git log --author="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'log --committer does not search in timestamp' '
+	: >expect &&
+	git log --committer="$GIT_COMMITTER_DATE" >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
@@ -523,6 +728,20 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+hello.c=	printf("Hello world.\n");
+hello.c:	return 0;
+hello.c-	/* char ?? */
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -W with userdiff' '
+	test_when_finished "rm -f .gitattributes" &&
+	git config diff.custom.xfuncname "(printf.*|})$" &&
+	echo "hello.c diff=custom" >.gitattributes &&
+	git grep -W return >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep from a subdirectory to search wider area (1)' '
 	mkdir -p s &&
 	(
@@ -724,44 +943,147 @@
 	test_must_fail git grep -G "a["
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=basic' '
+	test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=basic grep "a["
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -E invalidpattern properly dies ' '
 	test_must_fail git grep -E "a["
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=extended' '
+	test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=extended grep "a["
+'
+
 test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P invalidpattern properly dies ' '
 	test_must_fail git grep -P "a["
 '
 
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep invalidpattern properly dies with grep.patternType=perl' '
+	test_must_fail git -c grep.patterntype=perl grep "a["
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -G -E -F pattern' '
 	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
 	git grep -G -E -F "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=basic, =extended, =fixed' '
+	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -E -F -G pattern' '
 	echo "ab:a+bc" >expected &&
 	git grep -E -F -G "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=extended, =fixed, =basic' '
+	echo "ab:a+bc" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -F -G -E pattern' '
 	echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
 	git grep -F -G -E "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =extended' '
+	echo "ab:abc" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
+		grep "a+b*c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'grep -G -F -P -E pattern' '
 	>empty &&
 	test_must_fail git grep -G -F -P -E "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
 	test_cmp empty actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =perl, =extended' '
+	>empty &&
+	test_must_fail git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		-c grep.patterntype=perl \
+		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
+		grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
 test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -G -F -E -P pattern' '
 	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
 	git grep -G -F -E -P "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep pattern with grep.patternType=fixed, =basic, =extended, =perl' '
+	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		-c grep.patterntype=extended \
+		-c grep.patterntype=perl \
+		grep "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P pattern with grep.patternType=fixed' '
+	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		grep -P "a\x{2b}b\x{2a}c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -F pattern with grep.patternType=basic' '
+	echo "ab:a+b*c" >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=basic \
+		grep -F "*c" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -G pattern with grep.patternType=fixed' '
+	{
+		echo "ab:a+b*c"
+		echo "ab:a+bc"
+	} >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		grep -G "a+b" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'grep -E pattern with grep.patternType=fixed' '
+	{
+		echo "ab:a+b*c"
+		echo "ab:a+bc"
+		echo "ab:abc"
+	} >expected &&
+	git \
+		-c grep.patterntype=fixed \
+		grep -E "a+" ab >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_config() {
 	git config "$1" "$2" &&
 	test_when_finished "git config --unset $1"
@@ -857,4 +1179,20 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+cat >expected <<EOF
+space: line with leading space1
+space: line with leading space2
+space: line with leading space3
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -E "^ "' '
+	git grep -E "^ " space >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success LIBPCRE 'grep -P "^ "' '
+	git grep -P "^ " space >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh b/t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh
index ba19ac1..9c353ab 100755
--- a/t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh
+++ b/t/t8004-blame-with-conflicts.sh
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@
 	git blame file2
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'blame runs on conflicted file in stages 1,3' '
+test_expect_success 'blame does not crash with conflicted file in stages 1,3' '
 	git blame file1
 '
 
diff --git a/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh b/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
index 32ec82a..bf6caa4 100755
--- a/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
+++ b/t/t8006-blame-textconv.sh
@@ -10,11 +10,12 @@
 cat >helper <<'EOF'
 #!/bin/sh
 grep -q '^bin: ' "$1" || { echo "E: $1 is not \"binary\" file" 1>&2; exit 1; }
-sed 's/^bin: /converted: /' "$1"
+"$PERL_PATH" -p -e 's/^bin: /converted: /' "$1"
 EOF
 chmod +x helper
 
 test_expect_success 'setup ' '
+	echo "bin: test number 0" >zero.bin &&
 	echo "bin: test 1" >one.bin &&
 	echo "bin: test number 2" >two.bin &&
 	if test_have_prereq SYMLINKS; then
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@
 
 test_expect_success 'setup textconv filters' '
 	echo "*.bin diff=test" >.gitattributes &&
+	echo "zero.bin eol=crlf" >>.gitattributes &&
 	git config diff.test.textconv ./helper &&
 	git config diff.test.cachetextconv false
 '
@@ -74,6 +76,15 @@
 	test_cmp expected result
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'blame --textconv with local changes' '
+	test_when_finished "git checkout zero.bin" &&
+	printf "bin: updated number 0\015" >zero.bin &&
+	git blame --textconv zero.bin >blame &&
+	expect="(Not Committed Yet ....-..-.. ..:..:.. +0000 1)" &&
+	expect="$expect converted: updated number 0" &&
+	expr "$(find_blame <blame)" : "^$expect"
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'setup +cachetextconv' '
 	git config diff.test.cachetextconv true
 '
diff --git a/t/t9001-send-email.sh b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
index 8c12c65..97d6f4c 100755
--- a/t/t9001-send-email.sh
+++ b/t/t9001-send-email.sh
@@ -191,17 +191,44 @@
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'Prompting works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
-	(echo "Example <from@example.com>"
-	 echo "to@example.com"
+	(echo "to@example.com"
 	 echo ""
 	) | GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
 		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
 		$patches \
 		2>errors &&
-		grep "^From: Example <from@example.com>\$" msgtxt1 &&
+		grep "^From: A U Thor <author@example.com>\$" msgtxt1 &&
 		grep "^To: to@example.com\$" msgtxt1
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ,AUTOIDENT 'implicit ident is allowed' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+	sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
+	sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 git send-email \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--to=to@example.com \
+		$patches </dev/null 2>errors
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ,!AUTOIDENT 'broken implicit ident aborts send-email' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+	sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_NAME &&
+	sane_unset GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL &&
+	GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY=1 && export GIT_SEND_EMAIL_NOTTY &&
+	test_must_fail git send-email \
+		--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+		--to=to@example.com \
+		$patches </dev/null 2>errors &&
+	test_i18ngrep "tell me who you are" errors
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'tocmd works' '
 	clean_fake_sendmail &&
 	cp $patches tocmd.patch &&
@@ -841,6 +868,88 @@
 	grep "^Subject: =?UTF-8?q?utf8-s=C3=BCbj=C3=ABct?=" msgtxt1
 '
 
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'utf8 author is correctly passed on' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	test_commit weird_author &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard HEAD^" &&
+	git commit --amend --author "Füñný Nâmé <odd_?=mail@example.com>" &&
+	git format-patch --stdout -1 >funny_name.patch &&
+	git send-email --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  funny_name.patch &&
+	grep "^From: Füñný Nâmé <odd_?=mail@example.com>" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'sendemail.composeencoding works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git config sendemail.composeencoding iso-8859-1 &&
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "echo utf8 body: àéìöú >>\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose --subject foo \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ '--compose-encoding works' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "echo utf8 body: àéìöú >>\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose-encoding iso-8859-1 \
+	  --compose --subject foo \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ '--compose-encoding overrides sendemail.composeencoding' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	git config sendemail.composeencoding iso-8859-1 &&
+	(echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" &&
+	 echo "echo utf8 body: àéìöú >>\"\$1\""
+	) >fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	chmod +x fake-editor-utf8 &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor-utf8\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose-encoding iso-8859-2 \
+	  --compose --subject foo \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^utf8 body" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-2" msgtxt1
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ '--compose-encoding adds correct MIME for subject' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	  GIT_EDITOR="\"$(pwd)/fake-editor\"" \
+	  git send-email \
+	  --compose-encoding iso-8859-2 \
+	  --compose --subject utf8-sübjëct \
+	  --from="Example <nobody@example.com>" \
+	  --to=nobody@example.com \
+	  --smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+	  $patches &&
+	grep "^fake edit" msgtxt1 &&
+	grep "^Subject: =?iso-8859-2?q?utf8-s=C3=BCbj=C3=ABct?=" msgtxt1
+'
+
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'detects ambiguous reference/file conflict' '
 	echo master > master &&
 	git add master &&
@@ -1061,6 +1170,23 @@
 '
 
 test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect' '
+cat >expected <<EOF
+Subject: subject goes here
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'ASCII subject is not RFC2047 quoted' '
+	clean_fake_sendmail &&
+	echo bogus |
+	git send-email --from=author@example.com --to=nobody@example.com \
+			--smtp-server="$(pwd)/fake.sendmail" \
+			--8bit-encoding=UTF-8 \
+			email-using-8bit >stdout &&
+	grep "Subject" msgtxt1 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success $PREREQ 'setup expect' '
 cat >content-type-decl <<EOF
 MIME-Version: 1.0
 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
diff --git a/t/t9002-column.sh b/t/t9002-column.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..8998352
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9002-column.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,180 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git column'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'setup' '
+	cat >lista <<\EOF
+one
+two
+three
+four
+five
+six
+seven
+eight
+nine
+ten
+eleven
+EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'never' '
+	git column --indent=Z --mode=never <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp lista actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'always' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+Zone
+Ztwo
+Zthree
+Zfour
+Zfive
+Zsix
+Zseven
+Zeight
+Znine
+Zten
+Zeleven
+EOF
+	git column --indent=Z --mode=plain <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '80 columns' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one    two    three  four   five   six    seven  eight  nine   ten    eleven
+EOF
+	COLUMNS=80 git column --mode=column <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat >expected <<\EOF
+one
+two
+three
+four
+five
+six
+seven
+eight
+nine
+ten
+eleven
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1 'COLUMNS = 1' '
+	COLUMNS=1 git column --mode=column <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'width = 1' '
+	git column --mode=column --width=1 <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+COLUMNS=20
+export COLUMNS
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one    seven
+two    eight
+three  nine
+four   ten
+five   eleven
+six
+EOF
+	git column --mode=column <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, nodense' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one    seven
+two    eight
+three  nine
+four   ten
+five   eleven
+six
+EOF
+	git column --mode=column,nodense < lista > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, dense' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one   five  nine
+two   six   ten
+three seven eleven
+four  eight
+EOF
+	git column --mode=column,dense < lista > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, padding 2' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one     seven
+two     eight
+three   nine
+four    ten
+five    eleven
+six
+EOF
+	git column --mode=column --padding 2 <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, indented' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+  one    seven
+  two    eight
+  three  nine
+  four   ten
+  five   eleven
+  six
+EOF
+	git column --mode=column --indent="  " <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, row first' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one    two
+three  four
+five   six
+seven  eight
+nine   ten
+eleven
+EOF
+	git column --mode=row <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, row first, nodense' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one    two
+three  four
+five   six
+seven  eight
+nine   ten
+eleven
+EOF
+	git column --mode=row,nodense <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success '20 columns, row first, dense' '
+	cat >expected <<\EOF &&
+one   two    three
+four  five   six
+seven eight  nine
+ten   eleven
+EOF
+	git column --mode=row,dense <lista >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
index 6f6175a..b7eed24 100755
--- a/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
+++ b/t/t9010-svn-fe.sh
@@ -5,8 +5,27 @@
 . ./test-lib.sh
 
 reinit_git () {
+	if ! test_declared_prereq PIPE
+	then
+		echo >&4 "reinit_git: need to declare PIPE prerequisite"
+		return 127
+	fi
 	rm -fr .git &&
-	git init
+	rm -f stream backflow &&
+	git init &&
+	mkfifo stream backflow
+}
+
+try_dump () {
+	input=$1 &&
+	maybe_fail_svnfe=${2:+test_$2} &&
+	maybe_fail_fi=${3:+test_$3} &&
+
+	{
+		$maybe_fail_svnfe test-svn-fe "$input" >stream 3<backflow &
+	} &&
+	$maybe_fail_fi git fast-import --cat-blob-fd=3 <stream 3>backflow &&
+	wait $!
 }
 
 properties () {
@@ -35,21 +54,27 @@
 
 >empty
 
-test_expect_success 'empty dump' '
+test_expect_success 'setup: have pipes?' '
+	rm -f frob &&
+	if mkfifo frob
+	then
+		test_set_prereq PIPE
+	fi
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'empty dump' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 2" >input &&
-	test-svn-fe input >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream
+	try_dump input
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'v4 dumps not supported' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'v4 dumps not supported' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 4" >v4.dump &&
-	test_must_fail test-svn-fe v4.dump >stream &&
-	test_cmp empty stream
+	try_dump v4.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'empty revision' '
+test_expect_failure PIPE 'empty revision' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
 	cat >emptyrev.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -64,13 +89,12 @@
 	Content-length: 0
 
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe emptyrev.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump emptyrev.dump &&
 	git log -p --format="rev <%an, %ae>: %s" HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'empty properties' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'empty properties' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "rev <nobody, nobody@local>: %s\n" "" "" >expect &&
 	cat >emptyprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -88,13 +112,12 @@
 
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe emptyprop.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump emptyprop.dump &&
 	git log -p --format="rev <%an, %ae>: %s" HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'author name and commit message' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'author name and commit message' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "<author@example.com, author@example.com@local>" >expect.author &&
 	cat >message <<-\EOF &&
@@ -121,15 +144,14 @@
 		echo &&
 		cat props
 	} >log.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe log.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump log.dump &&
 	git log -p --format="%B" HEAD >actual.log &&
 	git log --format="<%an, %ae>" >actual.author &&
 	test_cmp message actual.log &&
 	test_cmp expect.author actual.author
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'unsupported properties are ignored' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo author >expect &&
 	cat >extraprop.dump <<-\EOF &&
@@ -149,13 +171,12 @@
 	author
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe extraprop.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump extraprop.dump &&
 	git log -p --format=%an HEAD >actual &&
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'timestamp and empty file' '
+test_expect_failure PIPE 'timestamp and empty file' '
 	echo author@example.com >expect.author &&
 	echo 1999-01-01 >expect.date &&
 	echo file >expect.files &&
@@ -186,8 +207,7 @@
 
 		EOF
 	} >emptyfile.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe emptyfile.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump emptyfile.dump &&
 	git log --format=%an HEAD >actual.author &&
 	git log --date=short --format=%ad HEAD >actual.date &&
 	git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD >actual.files &&
@@ -198,7 +218,7 @@
 	test_cmp empty file
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'directory with files' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'directory with files' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	printf "%s\n" directory/file1 directory/file2 >expect.files &&
 	echo hi >hi &&
@@ -242,8 +262,7 @@
 		EOF
 		text_no_props hi
 	} >directory.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe directory.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump directory.dump &&
 
 	git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD >actual.files &&
 	git checkout HEAD directory &&
@@ -252,7 +271,107 @@
 	test_cmp hi directory/file2
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'node without action' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'branch name with backslash' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	sort <<-\EOF >expect.branch-files &&
+	trunk/file1
+	trunk/file2
+	"branches/UpdateFOPto094\\/file1"
+	"branches/UpdateFOPto094\\/file2"
+	EOF
+
+	echo hi >hi &&
+	echo hello >hello &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author author@example.com \
+			svn:date "1999-02-02T00:01:02.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "add directory with some files in it" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props.setup &&
+	{
+		properties \
+			svn:author brancher@example.com \
+			svn:date "2007-12-06T21:38:34.000000Z" \
+			svn:log "Updating fop to .94 and adjust fo-stylesheets" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >props.branch &&
+	{
+		cat <<-EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props.setup) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props.setup) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props.setup &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Node-path: trunk
+		Node-kind: dir
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: branches
+		Node-kind: dir
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: trunk/file1
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		EOF
+		text_no_props hello &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		Node-path: trunk/file2
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		EOF
+		text_no_props hi &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Revision-number: 2
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <props.branch) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(wc -c <props.branch) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat props.branch &&
+		cat <<-\EOF
+
+		Node-path: branches/UpdateFOPto094\
+		Node-kind: dir
+		Node-action: add
+		Node-copyfrom-rev: 1
+		Node-copyfrom-path: trunk
+
+		Node-kind: dir
+		Node-action: add
+		Prop-content-length: 34
+		Content-length: 34
+
+		K 13
+		svn:mergeinfo
+		V 0
+
+		PROPS-END
+		EOF
+	} >branch.dump &&
+	try_dump branch.dump &&
+
+	git ls-tree -r --name-only HEAD |
+	sort >actual.branch-files &&
+	test_cmp expect.branch-files actual.branch-files
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'node without action' '
+	reinit_git &&
 	cat >inaction.dump <<-\EOF &&
 	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
 
@@ -269,10 +388,11 @@
 
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test_must_fail test-svn-fe inaction.dump
+	try_dump inaction.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'action: add node without text' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'action: add node without text' '
+	reinit_git &&
 	cat >textless.dump <<-\EOF &&
 	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
 
@@ -290,10 +410,10 @@
 
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test_must_fail test-svn-fe textless.dump
+	try_dump textless.dump must_fail
 '
 
-test_expect_failure 'change file mode but keep old content' '
+test_expect_failure PIPE 'change file mode but keep old content' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -356,8 +476,7 @@
 
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe filemode.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump filemode.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
@@ -370,7 +489,7 @@
 	test_cmp hello actual.target
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'NUL in property value' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in property value' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	echo "commit message" >expect.message &&
 	{
@@ -391,13 +510,12 @@
 		echo &&
 		cat props
 	} >nulprop.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe nulprop.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump nulprop.dump &&
 	git diff-tree --always -s --format=%s HEAD >actual.message &&
 	test_cmp expect.message actual.message
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'NUL in log message, file content, and property name' '
 	# Caveat: svnadmin 1.6.16 (r1073529) truncates at \0 in the
 	# svn:specialQnotreally example.
 	reinit_git &&
@@ -458,8 +576,7 @@
 		link hello
 		EOF
 	} >8bitclean.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe 8bitclean.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump 8bitclean.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
@@ -478,7 +595,7 @@
 	test_cmp expect.hello2 actual.hello2
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'change file mode and reiterate content' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -490,7 +607,7 @@
 	EOF
 	echo "link hello" >expect.blob &&
 	echo hello >hello &&
-	cat >filemode.dump <<-\EOF &&
+	cat >filemode2.dump <<-\EOF &&
 	SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
 
 	Revision-number: 1
@@ -545,8 +662,7 @@
 	PROPS-END
 	link hello
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe filemode.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump filemode2.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
@@ -559,7 +675,8 @@
 	test_cmp hello actual.target
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'deltas not supported' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas supported' '
+	reinit_git &&
 	{
 		# (old) h + (inline) ello + (old) \n
 		printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "Q\003\006\005\004" "\001Q\0204\001\002" "ello" |
@@ -619,10 +736,10 @@
 		echo PROPS-END &&
 		cat delta
 	} >delta.dump &&
-	test_must_fail test-svn-fe delta.dump
+	try_dump delta.dump
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'property deltas supported' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'property deltas supported' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -678,8 +795,7 @@
 		PROPS-END
 		EOF
 	} >propdelta.dump &&
-	test-svn-fe propdelta.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump propdelta.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --stdin |
@@ -688,7 +804,7 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'properties on /' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'properties on /' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat <<-\EOF >expect &&
 	OBJID
@@ -733,8 +849,7 @@
 
 	PROPS-END
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe changeroot.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump changeroot.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --always --stdin |
@@ -743,7 +858,7 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
-test_expect_success 'deltas for typechange' '
+test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas for typechange' '
 	reinit_git &&
 	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
 	OBJID
@@ -819,8 +934,7 @@
 	PROPS-END
 	link testing 321
 	EOF
-	test-svn-fe deleteprop.dump >stream &&
-	git fast-import <stream &&
+	try_dump deleteprop.dump &&
 	{
 		git rev-list HEAD |
 		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
@@ -829,6 +943,143 @@
 	test_cmp expect actual
 '
 
+test_expect_success PIPE 'deltas need not consume the whole preimage' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	cat >expect <<-\EOF &&
+	OBJID
+	:120000 100644 OBJID OBJID T	postimage
+	OBJID
+	:100644 120000 OBJID OBJID T	postimage
+	OBJID
+	:000000 100644 OBJID OBJID A	postimage
+	EOF
+	echo "first preimage" >expect.1 &&
+	printf target >expect.2 &&
+	printf lnk >expect.3 &&
+	{
+		printf "SVNQ%b%b%b" "QQ\017\001\017" "\0217" "first preimage\n" |
+		q_to_nul
+	} >delta.1 &&
+	{
+		properties svn:special "*" &&
+		echo PROPS-END
+	} >symlink.props &&
+	{
+		printf "SVNQ%b%b%b" "Q\002\013\004\012" "\0201\001\001\0211" "lnk target" |
+		q_to_nul
+	} >delta.2 &&
+	{
+		printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\004\003\004Q" "\001Q\002\002" |
+		q_to_nul
+	} >delta.3 &&
+	{
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: postimage
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Text-delta: true
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		EOF
+		echo Text-content-length: $(wc -c <delta.1) &&
+		echo Content-length: $((10 + $(wc -c <delta.1))) &&
+		echo &&
+		echo PROPS-END &&
+		cat delta.1 &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Revision-number: 2
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: postimage
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: change
+		Text-delta: true
+		EOF
+		echo Prop-content-length: $(wc -c <symlink.props) &&
+		echo Text-content-length: $(wc -c <delta.2) &&
+		echo Content-length: $(($(wc -c <symlink.props) + $(wc -c <delta.2))) &&
+		echo &&
+		cat symlink.props &&
+		cat delta.2 &&
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+
+		Revision-number: 3
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: postimage
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: change
+		Text-delta: true
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		EOF
+		echo Text-content-length: $(wc -c <delta.3) &&
+		echo Content-length: $((10 + $(wc -c <delta.3))) &&
+		echo &&
+		echo PROPS-END &&
+		cat delta.3 &&
+		echo
+	} >deltapartial.dump &&
+	try_dump deltapartial.dump &&
+	{
+		git rev-list HEAD |
+		git diff-tree --root --stdin |
+		sed "s/$_x40/OBJID/g"
+	} >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual &&
+	git show HEAD:postimage >actual.3 &&
+	git show HEAD^:postimage >actual.2 &&
+	git show HEAD^^:postimage >actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.1 actual.1 &&
+	test_cmp expect.2 actual.2 &&
+	test_cmp expect.3 actual.3
+'
+
+test_expect_success PIPE 'no hang for delta trying to read past end of preimage' '
+	reinit_git &&
+	{
+		# COPY 1
+		printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\001\001\002Q" "\001Q" |
+		q_to_nul
+	} >greedy.delta &&
+	{
+		cat <<-\EOF &&
+		SVN-fs-dump-format-version: 3
+
+		Revision-number: 1
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		Content-length: 10
+
+		PROPS-END
+
+		Node-path: bootstrap
+		Node-kind: file
+		Node-action: add
+		Text-delta: true
+		Prop-content-length: 10
+		EOF
+		echo Text-content-length: $(wc -c <greedy.delta) &&
+		echo Content-length: $((10 + $(wc -c <greedy.delta))) &&
+		echo &&
+		echo PROPS-END &&
+		cat greedy.delta &&
+		echo
+	} >greedydelta.dump &&
+	try_dump greedydelta.dump must_fail might_fail
+'
 
 test_expect_success 'set up svn repo' '
 	svnconf=$PWD/svnconf &&
@@ -844,12 +1095,12 @@
 	fi
 '
 
-test_expect_success SVNREPO 't9135/svn.dump' '
-	git init simple-git &&
-	test-svn-fe "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9135/svn.dump" >simple.fe &&
+test_expect_success SVNREPO,PIPE 't9135/svn.dump' '
+	mkdir -p simple-git &&
 	(
 		cd simple-git &&
-		git fast-import <../simple.fe
+		reinit_git &&
+		try_dump "$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9135/svn.dump"
 	) &&
 	(
 		cd simple-svnco &&
diff --git a/t/t9011-svn-da.sh b/t/t9011-svn-da.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..b38d16f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9011-svn-da.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,248 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='test parsing of svndiff0 files
+
+Using the "test-svn-fe -d" helper, check that svn-fe correctly
+interprets deltas using various facilities (some from the spec,
+some only learned from practice).
+'
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+>empty
+printf foo >preimage
+
+test_expect_success 'reject empty delta' '
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage empty 0
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'delta can empty file' '
+	printf "SVNQ" | q_to_nul >clear.delta &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.delta 4 >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject svndiff2' '
+	printf "SVN\002" >bad.filetype &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage bad.filetype 4
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'one-window empty delta' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.onewindow &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.onewindow 9 >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject incomplete window header' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.onewindow &&
+	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQ" | q_to_nul >clear.partialwindow &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.onewindow 6 &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.partialwindow 6
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject declared delta longer than actual delta' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.onewindow &&
+	printf "SVNQ%s" "QQ" | q_to_nul >clear.partialwindow &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.onewindow 14 &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.partialwindow 9
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'two-window empty delta' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s%s" "QQQQQ" "QQQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.twowindow &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.twowindow 14 >actual &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.twowindow 13 &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'noisy zeroes' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s" \
+		"RRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRRQQQQQ" |
+		tr R "\200" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.noisy &&
+	len=$(wc -c <clear.noisy) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisy $len &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject variable-length int in magic' '
+	printf "SVNRQ" | tr R "\200" | q_to_nul >clear.badmagic &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.badmagic 5
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject truncated integer' '
+	printf "SVNQ%s%s" "QQQQQ" "QQQQRRQ" |
+		tr R "\200" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.fullint &&
+	printf "SVNQ%s%s" "QQQQQ" "QQQQRR" |
+		tr RT "\201" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.partialint &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.fullint 15 &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.fullint 16 &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.partialint 15
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'nonempty (but unused) preimage view' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b" "Q\003QQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.readpreimage &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.readpreimage 9 >actual &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preimage view: right endpoint cannot backtrack' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\003QQQ" "Q\002QQQ" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.backtrack &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.backtrack 14
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preimage view: left endpoint can advance' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\003QQQ" "\001\002QQQ" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.preshrink &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\003QQQ" "\001\001QQQ" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.shrinkbacktrack &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.preshrink 14 >actual &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.shrinkbacktrack 14 &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preimage view: offsets compared by value' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "\001\001QQQ" "\0200Q\003QQQ" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.noisybacktrack &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "\001\001QQQ" "\0200\001\002QQQ" |
+		q_to_nul >clear.noisyadvance &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisybacktrack 15 &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.noisyadvance 15 &&
+	test_cmp empty actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'preimage view: reject truncated preimage' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b" "\010QQQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.lateemptyread &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b" "\010\001QQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.latenonemptyread &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b" "\001\010QQQ" | q_to_nul >clear.longread &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.lateemptyread 9 &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.latenonemptyread 9 &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage clear.longread 9
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'forbid unconsumed inline data' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%s%b%s" "QQQQ\003" "bar" "QQQQ\001" "x" |
+		q_to_nul >inline.clear &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage inline.clear 18 >actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject truncated inline data' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%s" "QQQQ\003" "b" | q_to_nul >inline.trunc &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage inline.trunc 10
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reject truncated inline data (after instruction section)' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "QQ\001\001\003" "\0201" "b" | q_to_nul >insn.trunc &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage insn.trunc 11
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copyfrom_data' '
+	echo hi >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%b" "QQ\003\001\003" "\0203" "hi\n" | q_to_nul >copydat &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copydat 13 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'multiple copyfrom_data' '
+	echo hi >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%b%b%b" "QQ\003\002\003" "\0201\0202" "hi\n" \
+		"QQQ\002Q" "\0200Q" | q_to_nul >copy.multi &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copy.multi) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copy.multi $len >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'incomplete multiple insn' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%b" "QQ\003\002\003" "\0203\0200" "hi\n" |
+		q_to_nul >copy.partial &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copy.partial) &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage copy.partial $len
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'catch attempt to copy missing data' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s%b%s" "QQ\002\002\001" "\0201\0201" "X" \
+			"QQQQ\002" "YZ" |
+		q_to_nul >copy.incomplete &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copy.incomplete) &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage copy.incomplete $len
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copyfrom target to repeat data' '
+	printf foofoo >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "QQ\006\004\003" "\0203\0100\003Q" "foo" |
+		q_to_nul >copytarget.repeat &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copytarget.repeat) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copytarget.repeat $len >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copyfrom target out of order' '
+	printf foooof >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" \
+		"QQ\006\007\003" "\0203\0101\002\0101\001\0101Q" "foo" |
+		q_to_nul >copytarget.reverse &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copytarget.reverse) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copytarget.reverse $len >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'catch copyfrom future' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "QQ\004\004\003" "\0202\0101\002\0201" "XYZ" |
+		q_to_nul >copytarget.infuture &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copytarget.infuture) &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage copytarget.infuture $len
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copy to sustain' '
+	printf XYXYXYXYXYXZ >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "QQ\014\004\003" "\0202\0111Q\0201" "XYZ" |
+		q_to_nul >copytarget.sustain &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copytarget.sustain) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copytarget.sustain $len >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'catch copy that overflows' '
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "QQ\003\003\001" "\0201\0177Q" X |
+		q_to_nul >copytarget.overflow &&
+	len=$(wc -c <copytarget.overflow) &&
+	test_must_fail test-svn-fe -d preimage copytarget.overflow $len
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copyfrom source' '
+	printf foo >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\003\003\002Q" "\003Q" | q_to_nul >copysource.all &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copysource.all 11 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'copy backwards' '
+	printf oof >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b" "Q\003\003\006Q" "\001\002\001\001\001Q" |
+		q_to_nul >copysource.rev &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copysource.rev 15 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'offsets are relative to window' '
+	printf fo >expect &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%b%b" "Q\003\001\002Q" "\001Q" \
+		"\002\001\001\002Q" "\001Q" |
+		q_to_nul >copysource.two &&
+	test-svn-fe -d preimage copysource.two 18 >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'example from notes/svndiff' '
+	printf aaaaccccdddddddd >expect &&
+	printf aaaabbbbcccc >source &&
+	printf "SVNQ%b%b%s" "Q\014\020\007\001" \
+		"\004Q\004\010\0201\0107\010" d |
+		q_to_nul >delta.example &&
+	len=$(wc -c <delta.example) &&
+	test-svn-fe -d source delta.example $len >actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..2d2f016
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9020-remote-svn.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='tests remote-svn'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+MARKSPATH=.git/info/fast-import/remote-svn
+
+if ! test_have_prereq PYTHON
+then
+	skip_all='skipping remote-svn tests, python not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+
+# Override svnrdump with our simulator
+PATH="$HOME:$PATH"
+export PATH PYTHON_PATH GIT_BUILD_DIR
+
+write_script "$HOME/svnrdump" <<\EOF
+exec "$PYTHON_PATH" "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/svn-fe/svnrdump_sim.py" "$@"
+EOF
+
+init_git () {
+	rm -fr .git &&
+	git init &&
+	#git remote add svnsim testsvn::sim:///$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9020/example.svnrdump
+	# let's reuse an exisiting dump file!?
+	git remote add svnsim testsvn::sim://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump
+	git remote add svnfile testsvn::file://$TEST_DIRECTORY/t9154/svn.dump
+}
+
+if test -e "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/git-remote-testsvn"
+then
+	test_set_prereq REMOTE_SVN
+fi
+
+test_debug '
+	git --version
+	type git
+	type svnrdump
+'
+
+test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'simple fetch' '
+	init_git &&
+	git fetch svnsim &&
+	test_cmp .git/refs/svn/svnsim/master .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master  &&
+	cp .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master master.good
+'
+
+test_debug '
+	cat .git/refs/svn/svnsim/master
+	cat .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'repeated fetch, nothing shall change' '
+	git fetch svnsim &&
+	test_cmp master.good .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'fetch from a file:// url gives the same result' '
+	git fetch svnfile
+'
+
+test_expect_failure REMOTE_SVN 'the sha1 differ because the git-svn-id line in the commit msg contains the url' '
+	test_cmp .git/refs/remotes/svnfile/master .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master
+'
+
+test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'mark-file regeneration' '
+	# filter out any other marks, that can not be regenerated. Only up to 3 digit revisions are allowed here
+	grep ":[0-9]\{1,3\} " $MARKSPATH/svnsim.marks > $MARKSPATH/svnsim.marks.old &&
+	rm $MARKSPATH/svnsim.marks &&
+	git fetch svnsim &&
+	test_cmp $MARKSPATH/svnsim.marks.old $MARKSPATH/svnsim.marks
+'
+
+test_expect_success REMOTE_SVN 'incremental imports must lead to the same head' '
+	export SVNRMAX=3 &&
+	init_git &&
+	git fetch svnsim &&
+	test_cmp .git/refs/svn/svnsim/master .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master  &&
+	unset SVNRMAX &&
+	git fetch svnsim &&
+	test_cmp master.good .git/refs/remotes/svnsim/master
+'
+
+test_debug 'git branch -a'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
index b041516..4fea8d9 100755
--- a/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
+++ b/t/t9100-git-svn-basic.sh
@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@
 	git update-index --add dir/file/file &&
 	git commit -m '$name' &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch" || true
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch
+"
 
 
 name='detect node change from directory to file #1'
@@ -79,7 +80,8 @@
 	git update-index --add -- bar &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch2' || true
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch2
+'
 
 
 name='detect node change from file to directory #2'
@@ -92,9 +94,12 @@
 	echo yyy > bar/zzz/yyy &&
 	git update-index --add bar/zzz/yyy &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
-	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch3' || true
-
+	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch3 &&
+	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	test -d "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz &&
+	test -e "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz/yyy
+'
 
 name='detect node change from directory to file #2'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
@@ -107,7 +112,8 @@
 	git update-index --add -- dir &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	test_must_fail git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
-		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch4' || true
+		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch4
+'
 
 
 name='remove executable bit from a file'
@@ -134,10 +140,10 @@
 	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/exec.sh'
 
 
-name='executable file becomes a symlink to bar/zzz (file)'
+name='executable file becomes a symlink to file'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
 	rm exec.sh &&
-	ln -s bar/zzz exec.sh &&
+	ln -s file exec.sh &&
 	git update-index exec.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
@@ -148,19 +154,19 @@
 name='new symlink is added to a file that was also just made executable'
 
 test_expect_success "$name" '
-	chmod +x bar/zzz &&
-	ln -s bar/zzz exec-2.sh &&
-	git update-index --add bar/zzz exec-2.sh &&
+	chmod +x file &&
+	ln -s file exec-2.sh &&
+	git update-index --add file exec-2.sh &&
 	git commit -m "$name" &&
 	git svn set-tree --find-copies-harder --rmdir \
 		${remotes_git_svn}..mybranch5 &&
 	svn_cmd up "$SVN_TREE" &&
-	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/bar/zzz &&
+	test -x "$SVN_TREE"/file &&
 	test -h "$SVN_TREE"/exec-2.sh'
 
 name='modify a symlink to become a file'
 test_expect_success "$name" '
-	echo git help > help || true &&
+	echo git help >help &&
 	rm exec-2.sh &&
 	cp help exec-2.sh &&
 	git update-index exec-2.sh &&
@@ -195,14 +201,15 @@
 rm -f expected
 if test_have_prereq UTF8
 then
-	echo tree bf522353586b1b883488f2bc73dab0d9f774b9a9 > expected
+	echo tree dc68b14b733e4ec85b04ab6f712340edc5dc936e > expected
 fi
 cat >> expected <<\EOF
-tree 83654bb36f019ae4fe77a0171f81075972087624
-tree 031b8d557afc6fea52894eaebb45bec52f1ba6d1
-tree 0b094cbff17168f24c302e297f55bfac65eb8bd3
-tree d667270a1f7b109f5eb3aaea21ede14b56bfdd6e
-tree 56a30b966619b863674f5978696f4a3594f2fca9
+tree c3322890dcf74901f32d216f05c5044f670ce632
+tree d3ccd5035feafd17b030c5732e7808cc49122853
+tree d03e1630363d4881e68929d532746b20b0986b83
+tree 149d63cd5878155c846e8c55d7d8487de283f89e
+tree 312b76e4f64ce14893aeac8591eb3960b065e247
+tree 149d63cd5878155c846e8c55d7d8487de283f89e
 tree d667270a1f7b109f5eb3aaea21ede14b56bfdd6e
 tree 8f51f74cf0163afc9ad68a4b1537288c4558b5a4
 EOF
@@ -299,5 +306,13 @@
 	git svn fetch ) &&
 	rm -rf bare-repo
 	'
+test_expect_success 'git-svn works in in a repository with a gitdir: link' '
+	mkdir worktree gitdir &&
+	( cd worktree &&
+	git svn init "$svnrepo" &&
+	git init --separate-git-dir ../gitdir &&
+	git svn fetch ) &&
+	rm -rf worktree gitdir
+	'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
index 289fc31..ee73013 100755
--- a/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
+++ b/t/t9107-git-svn-migrate.sh
@@ -27,15 +27,17 @@
 head=`git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/git-svn-HEAD^0`
 test_expect_success 'git-svn-HEAD is a real HEAD' "test -n '$head'"
 
+svnrepo_escaped=`echo $svnrepo | sed 's/ /%20/'`
+
 test_expect_success 'initialize old-style (v0) git svn layout' '
 	mkdir -p "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn/info "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info &&
 	echo "$svnrepo" > "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn/info/url &&
 	echo "$svnrepo" > "$GIT_DIR"/svn/info/url &&
 	git svn migrate &&
-	! test -d "$GIT_DIR"/git svn &&
+	! test -d "$GIT_DIR"/git-svn &&
 	git rev-parse --verify refs/${remotes_git_svn}^0 &&
 	git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/svn^0 &&
-	test "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.url)" = "$svnrepo" &&
+	test "$(git config --get svn-remote.svn.url)" = "$svnrepo_escaped" &&
 	test `git config --get svn-remote.svn.fetch` = \
              ":refs/${remotes_git_svn}"
 	'
diff --git a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
index 63fc982..15f93b4 100755
--- a/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
+++ b/t/t9118-git-svn-funky-branch-names.sh
@@ -28,10 +28,15 @@
 	svn_cmd cp -m "trailing .lock" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
 			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/trailing_dotlock.lock" &&
 	svn_cmd cp -m "reflog" "$svnrepo/pr ject/trunk" \
-			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/not-a%40{0}reflog" &&
+			"$svnrepo/pr ject/branches/not-a@{0}reflog@" &&
 	start_httpd
 	'
 
+# SVN 1.7 will truncate "not-a%40{0]" to just "not-a".
+# Look at what SVN wound up naming the branch and use that.
+# Be sure to escape the @ if it shows up.
+non_reflog=`svn_cmd ls "$svnrepo/pr ject/branches" | grep not-a | sed 's/\///' | sed 's/@/%40/'`
+
 test_expect_success 'test clone with funky branch names' '
 	git svn clone -s "$svnrepo/pr ject" project &&
 	(
@@ -42,7 +47,7 @@
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/%2Eleading_dot" &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/trailing_dot%2E" &&
 		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/trailing_dotlock%2Elock" &&
-		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/not-a%40{0}reflog"
+		git rev-parse "refs/remotes/$non_reflog"
 	)
 	'
 
diff --git a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
index 8cfdfe7..9a40f1e 100755
--- a/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
+++ b/t/t9129-git-svn-i18n-commitencoding.sh
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
 compare_svn_head_with () {
 	# extract just the log message and strip out committer info.
 	# don't use --limit here since svn 1.1.x doesn't have it,
-	LC_ALL="$a_utf8_locale" svn log `git svn info --url` | perl -w -e '
+	LC_ALL="$a_utf8_locale" svn log `git svn info --url` | "$PERL_PATH" -w -e '
 		use bytes;
 		$/ = ("-"x72) . "\n";
 		my @x = <STDIN>;
diff --git a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
index b324c49..c3443ce 100755
--- a/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
+++ b/t/t9130-git-svn-authors-file.sh
@@ -96,8 +96,8 @@
 		rm -r "$GIT_DIR" &&
 		test x = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
 		test_config="$HOME"/.gitconfig &&
-		unset GIT_DIR &&
-		unset GIT_CONFIG &&
+		sane_unset GIT_DIR &&
+		sane_unset GIT_CONFIG &&
 		git config --global \
 		  svn.authorsfile "$HOME"/svn-authors &&
 		test x"$HOME"/svn-authors = x"$(git config svn.authorsfile)" &&
diff --git a/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
index d60da63..c17aa31 100755
--- a/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
+++ b/t/t9137-git-svn-dcommit-clobber-series.sh
@@ -20,8 +20,8 @@
 	test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x61 &&
 	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo" tmp &&
 	(cd tmp &&
-		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^58$/5588/" file &&
-		perl -i.bak -p -e "s/^61$/6611/" file &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -p -e "s/^58$/5588/" file &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -p -e "s/^61$/6611/" file &&
 		poke file &&
 		test x"`sed -n -e 58p < file`" = x5588 &&
 		test x"`sed -n -e 61p < file`" = x6611 &&
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@
 test_expect_success 'change file but in unrelated area' "
 	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4 &&
 	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7 &&
-	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^4\$/4444/' file &&
-	perl -i.bak -p -e 's/^7\$/7777/' file &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -p -e 's/^4\$/4444/' file &&
+	"$PERL_PATH" -i.bak -p -e 's/^7\$/7777/' file &&
 	test x\"\`sed -n -e 4p < file\`\" = x4444 &&
 	test x\"\`sed -n -e 7p < file\`\" = x7777 &&
 	git commit -m '4 => 4444, 7 => 7777' file &&
diff --git a/t/t9154-git-svn-fancy-glob.sh b/t/t9154-git-svn-fancy-glob.sh
index a6a56a6..b780e0e 100755
--- a/t/t9154-git-svn-fancy-glob.sh
+++ b/t/t9154-git-svn-fancy-glob.sh
@@ -21,6 +21,15 @@
 	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/blue
 	"
 
+test_expect_success 'add gre branch' "
+	GIT_CONFIG=.git/svn/.metadata git config --unset svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev &&
+	git config svn-remote.svn.branches 'branches/{red,gre}:refs/remotes/*' &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	git rev-parse refs/remotes/red &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/green &&
+	test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/blue
+	"
+
 test_expect_success 'add green branch' "
 	GIT_CONFIG=.git/svn/.metadata git config --unset svn-remote.svn.branches-maxRev &&
 	git config svn-remote.svn.branches 'branches/{red,green}:refs/remotes/*' &&
diff --git a/t/t9162-git-svn-dcommit-interactive.sh b/t/t9162-git-svn-dcommit-interactive.sh
old mode 100644
new mode 100755
diff --git a/t/t9163-git-svn-reset-clears-caches.sh b/t/t9163-git-svn-reset-clears-caches.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..cd4c662
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9163-git-svn-reset-clears-caches.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Peter Baumann
+#
+
+test_description='git svn reset clears memoized caches'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+svn_ver="$(svn --version --quiet)"
+case $svn_ver in
+0.* | 1.[0-4].*)
+	skip_all="skipping git-svn test - SVN too old ($svn_ver)"
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+# ... a  -  b - m   <- trunk
+#      \       /
+#       ... c       <- branch1
+#
+# SVN Commits not interesting for this test are abbreviated with "..."
+#
+test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "create trunk" "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m "create branches" "$svnrepo/branches" &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	(
+		cd "$SVN_TREE" &&
+		touch foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "a" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m branch "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		touch bar &&
+		svn_cmd add bar &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m b &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+		touch baz &&
+		svn_cmd add baz &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m c &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		svn_cmd merge "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "m"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf "$SVN_TREE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'fetch to merge-base (a)' '
+	git svn init -s "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch --revision BASE:3
+'
+
+# git svn rebase looses the merge commit
+#
+# ... a  -  b - m  <- trunk
+#      \
+#       ... c
+#
+test_expect_success 'rebase looses SVN merge (m)' '
+	git svn rebase &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	test 1 = $(git cat-file -p master|grep parent|wc -l)
+'
+
+# git svn fetch creates correct history with merge commit
+#
+# ... a  -  b - m  <- trunk
+#      \       /
+#       ... c      <- branch1
+#
+test_expect_success 'reset and fetch gets the SVN merge (m) correctly' '
+	git svn reset -r 3 &&
+	git reset --hard trunk &&
+	git svn fetch &&
+	test 2 = $(git cat-file -p trunk|grep parent|wc -l)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh b/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..d8464d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9164-git-svn-dcommit-concurrent.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Robert Luberda
+#
+
+test_description='concurrent git svn dcommit'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+
+
+test_expect_success 'setup svn repository' '
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work.svn &&
+	(
+		cd work.svn &&
+		echo >file && echo > auto_updated_file
+		svn_cmd add file auto_updated_file &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "initial commit"
+	) &&
+	svn_cmd checkout "$svnrepo" work-auto-commits.svn
+'
+N=0
+next_N()
+{
+	N=$(( $N + 1 ))
+}
+
+# Setup SVN repository hooks to emulate SVN failures or concurrent commits
+# The function adds
+# either pre-commit  hook, which causes SVN commit given in second argument
+#                    to fail
+# or     post-commit hook, which creates a new commit (a new line added to
+#                    auto_updated_file) after given SVN commit
+# The first argument contains a type of the hook
+# The second argument contains a number (not SVN revision) of commit
+# the hook should be applied for (each time the hook is run, the given
+# number is decreased by one until it gets 0, in which case the hook
+# will execute its real action)
+setup_hook()
+{
+	hook_type="$1"  # "pre-commit" or "post-commit"
+	skip_revs="$2"
+	[ "$hook_type" = "pre-commit" ] ||
+		[ "$hook_type" = "post-commit" ] ||
+		{ echo "ERROR: invalid argument ($hook_type)" \
+			"passed to setup_hook" >&2 ; return 1; }
+	echo "cnt=$skip_revs" > "$hook_type-counter"
+	rm -f "$rawsvnrepo/hooks/"*-commit # drop previous hooks
+	hook="$rawsvnrepo/hooks/$hook_type"
+	cat > "$hook" <<- 'EOF1'
+		#!/bin/sh
+		set -e
+		cd "$1/.."  # "$1" is repository location
+		exec >> svn-hook.log 2>&1
+		hook="$(basename "$0")"
+		echo "*** Executing $hook $@"
+		set -x
+		. ./$hook-counter
+		cnt="$(($cnt - 1))"
+		echo "cnt=$cnt" > ./$hook-counter
+		[ "$cnt" = "0" ] || exit 0
+EOF1
+	if [ "$hook_type" = "pre-commit" ]; then
+		echo "echo 'commit disallowed' >&2; exit 1" >>"$hook"
+	else
+		echo "PATH=\"$PATH\"; export PATH" >>"$hook"
+		echo "svnconf=\"$svnconf\"" >>"$hook"
+		cat >>"$hook" <<- 'EOF2'
+			cd work-auto-commits.svn
+			svn up --config-dir "$svnconf"
+			echo "$$" >> auto_updated_file
+			svn commit --config-dir "$svnconf" \
+				-m "auto-committing concurrent change"
+			exit 0
+EOF2
+	fi
+	chmod 755 "$hook"
+}
+
+check_contents()
+{
+	gitdir="$1"
+	(cd ../work.svn && svn_cmd up) &&
+	test_cmp file ../work.svn/file &&
+	test_cmp auto_updated_file ../work.svn/auto_updated_file
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'check if post-commit hook creates a concurrent commit' '
+	setup_hook post-commit 1 &&
+	(
+		cd work.svn &&
+		cp auto_updated_file au_file_saved &&
+		echo 1 >> file &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "changing file" &&
+		svn_cmd up &&
+		test_must_fail test_cmp auto_updated_file au_file_saved
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check if pre-commit hook fails' '
+	setup_hook pre-commit 2 &&
+	(
+		cd work.svn &&
+		echo 2 >> file &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "changing file once again" &&
+		echo 3 >> file &&
+		test_must_fail svn_cmd commit -m "this commit should fail" &&
+		svn_cmd revert file
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit error handling' '
+	setup_hook pre-commit 2 &&
+	next_N && git svn clone "$svnrepo" work$N.git &&
+	(
+		cd work$N.git &&
+		echo 1 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.1" &&
+		echo 2 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.2" &&
+		echo 3 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.3" &&
+		# should fail to dcommit 2nd and 3rd change
+		# but still should leave the repository in reasonable state
+		test_must_fail git svn dcommit &&
+		git update-index --refresh &&
+		git show HEAD~2   | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		! git show HEAD~1 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		! git show HEAD   | grep -q git-svn-id
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit concurrent change in non-changed file' '
+	setup_hook post-commit 2 &&
+	next_N && git svn clone "$svnrepo" work$N.git &&
+	(
+		cd work$N.git &&
+		echo 1 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.1" &&
+		echo 2 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.2" &&
+		echo 3 >> file && git commit -am "commit change $N.3" &&
+		# should rebase and leave the repository in reasonable state
+		git svn dcommit &&
+		git update-index --refresh &&
+		check_contents &&
+		git show HEAD~3 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		git show HEAD~2 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		git show HEAD~1 | grep -q auto-committing &&
+		git show HEAD   | grep -q git-svn-id
+	)
+'
+
+# An utility function used in the following test
+delete_first_line()
+{
+	file="$1" &&
+	sed 1d < "$file" > "${file}.tmp" &&
+	rm "$file" &&
+	mv "${file}.tmp" "$file"
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit concurrent non-conflicting change' '
+	setup_hook post-commit 2 &&
+	next_N && git svn clone "$svnrepo" work$N.git &&
+	(
+		cd work$N.git &&
+		cat file >> auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.1" &&
+		delete_first_line auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.2" &&
+		delete_first_line auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.3" &&
+		# should rebase and leave the repository in reasonable state
+		git svn dcommit &&
+		git update-index --refresh &&
+		check_contents &&
+		git show HEAD~3 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		git show HEAD~2 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		git show HEAD~1 | grep -q auto-committing &&
+		git show HEAD   | grep -q git-svn-id
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit --no-rebase concurrent non-conflicting change' '
+	setup_hook post-commit 2 &&
+	next_N && git svn clone "$svnrepo" work$N.git &&
+	(
+		cd work$N.git &&
+		cat file >> auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.1" &&
+		delete_first_line auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.2" &&
+		delete_first_line auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.3" &&
+		# should fail as rebase is needed
+		test_must_fail git svn dcommit --no-rebase &&
+		# but should leave HEAD unchanged
+		git update-index --refresh &&
+		! git show HEAD~2 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		! git show HEAD~1 | grep -q git-svn-id &&
+		! git show HEAD   | grep -q git-svn-id
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'dcommit fails on concurrent conflicting change' '
+	setup_hook post-commit 1 &&
+	next_N && git svn clone "$svnrepo" work$N.git &&
+	(
+		cd work$N.git &&
+		echo a >> file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.1" &&
+		echo b >> auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.2" &&
+		echo c >> auto_updated_file &&
+			git commit -am "commit change $N.3" &&
+		test_must_fail git svn dcommit && # rebase should fail
+		test_must_fail git update-index --refresh
+	)
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh b/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..13ae7e3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9165-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Steven Walter
+#
+
+test_description='git svn merge detection'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+svn_ver="$(svn --version --quiet)"
+case $svn_ver in
+0.* | 1.[0-4].*)
+	skip_all="skipping git-svn test - SVN too old ($svn_ver)"
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/branches &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	(
+		cd "$SVN_TREE" &&
+		touch foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "initial commit" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m branch "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		touch bar &&
+		svn_cmd add bar &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m branch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		touch baz &&
+		svn_cmd add baz &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+		touch bar2 &&
+		svn_cmd add bar2 &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m trunk &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd merge "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "merge trunk"
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+		svn_cmd merge --reintegrate "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "merge branch2"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf "$SVN_TREE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone svn repo' '
+	git svn init -s "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge commit' 'x=$(git rev-parse HEAD^2) &&
+	y=$(git rev-parse branch2) &&
+	test "x$x" = "x$y"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9166-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch2.sh b/t/t9166-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch2.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..af0ec0e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9166-git-svn-fetch-merge-branch-of-branch2.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Steven Walter
+#
+
+test_description='git svn merge detection'
+. ./lib-git-svn.sh
+
+svn_ver="$(svn --version --quiet)"
+case $svn_ver in
+0.* | 1.[0-4].*)
+	skip_all="skipping git-svn test - SVN too old ($svn_ver)"
+	test_done
+	;;
+esac
+
+test_expect_success 'initialize source svn repo' '
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+	svn_cmd mkdir -m x "$svnrepo"/branches &&
+	svn_cmd co "$svnrepo"/trunk "$SVN_TREE" &&
+	(
+		cd "$SVN_TREE" &&
+		touch foo &&
+		svn_cmd add foo &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "initial commit" &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m branch "$svnrepo"/trunk "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 &&
+		touch bar &&
+		svn_cmd add bar &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m branch1 &&
+		svn_cmd cp -m branch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch1 "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		touch baz &&
+		svn_cmd add baz &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd switch "$svnrepo"/trunk &&
+		svn_cmd merge --reintegrate "$svnrepo"/branches/branch2 &&
+		svn_cmd commit -m "merge branch2"
+	) &&
+	rm -rf "$SVN_TREE"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone svn repo' '
+	git svn init -s "$svnrepo" &&
+	git svn fetch
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify merge commit' 'x=$(git rev-parse HEAD^2) &&
+	y=$(git rev-parse branch2) &&
+	test "x$x" = "x$y"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
index 41db05c..3fb3368 100755
--- a/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
+++ b/t/t9200-git-cvsexportcommit.sh
@@ -19,14 +19,15 @@
     test_done
 fi
 
-CVSROOT=$(pwd)/cvsroot
-CVSWORK=$(pwd)/cvswork
-GIT_DIR=$(pwd)/.git
+CVSROOT=$PWD/tmpcvsroot
+CVSWORK=$PWD/cvswork
+GIT_DIR=$PWD/.git
 export CVSROOT CVSWORK GIT_DIR
 
 rm -rf "$CVSROOT" "$CVSWORK"
-mkdir "$CVSROOT" &&
+
 cvs init &&
+test -d "$CVSROOT" &&
 cvs -Q co -d "$CVSWORK" . &&
 echo >empty &&
 git add empty &&
@@ -321,7 +322,7 @@
 
 	(mkdir shared &&
 	 cd shared &&
-	 unset GIT_DIR &&
+	 sane_unset GIT_DIR &&
 	 cvs co . &&
 	 git init &&
 	 git add " space" &&
diff --git a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
index 438aaf6..2fcf269 100755
--- a/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
+++ b/t/t9300-fast-import.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 # This could be written as "head -c $1", but IRIX "head" does not
 # support the -c option.
 head_c () {
-	perl -e '
+	"$PERL_PATH" -e '
 		my $len = $ARGV[1];
 		while ($len > 0) {
 			my $s;
@@ -24,6 +24,13 @@
 	' - "$1"
 }
 
+verify_packs () {
+	for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack
+	do
+		git verify-pack "$@" "$p" || return
+	done
+}
+
 file2_data='file2
 second line of EOF'
 
@@ -105,9 +112,10 @@
     'A: create pack from stdin' \
     'git fast-import --export-marks=marks.out <input &&
 	 git whatchanged master'
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 author $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
@@ -252,9 +260,11 @@
 	'A: verify marks import does not crash' \
 	'git fast-import --import-marks=marks.out <input &&
 	 git whatchanged verify--import-marks'
-test_expect_success \
-	'A: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'A: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
+
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 7123f7f44e39be127c5eb701e5968176ee9d78b1 A	copy-of-file2
 EOF
@@ -514,9 +524,11 @@
     'C: incremental import create pack from stdin' \
     'git fast-import <input &&
 	 git whatchanged branch'
-test_expect_success \
-	'C: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'C: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'C: validate reuse existing blob' \
 	'test $newf = `git rev-parse --verify branch:file2/newf` &&
@@ -572,9 +584,10 @@
     'D: inline data in commit' \
     'git fast-import <input &&
 	 git whatchanged branch'
-test_expect_success \
-	'D: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'D: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :000000 100755 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 35a59026a33beac1569b1c7f66f3090ce9c09afc A	newdir/exec.sh
@@ -618,9 +631,10 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'E: rfc2822 date, --date-format=rfc2822' \
     'git fast-import --date-format=rfc2822 <input'
-test_expect_success \
-	'E: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'E: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 author $GIT_AUTHOR_NAME <$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL> 1170778938 -0500
@@ -669,9 +683,10 @@
 		fi
 	 fi
 	'
-test_expect_success \
-	'F: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'F: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 tree `git rev-parse branch~1^{tree}`
@@ -705,9 +720,11 @@
 test_expect_success \
     'G: non-fast-forward update forced' \
     'git fast-import --force <input'
-test_expect_success \
-	'G: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'G: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'G: branch changed, but logged' \
 	'test $old_branch != `git rev-parse --verify branch^0` &&
@@ -742,9 +759,10 @@
     'H: deletall, add 1' \
     'git fast-import <input &&
 	 git whatchanged H'
-test_expect_success \
-	'H: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'H: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 cat >expect <<EOF
 :100755 000000 f1fb5da718392694d0076d677d6d0e364c79b0bc 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 D	file2/newf
@@ -1307,6 +1325,45 @@
 	INPUT_END'
 
 test_expect_success \
+	'N: reject foo/ syntax in copy source' \
+	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+	commit refs/heads/N5C
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	copy with invalid syntax
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	C file2/ file3
+	INPUT_END'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: reject foo/ syntax in rename source' \
+	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+	commit refs/heads/N5D
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	rename with invalid syntax
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	R file2/ file3
+	INPUT_END'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'N: reject foo/ syntax in ls argument' \
+	'test_must_fail git fast-import <<-INPUT_END
+	commit refs/heads/N5E
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	copy with invalid syntax
+	COMMIT
+
+	from refs/heads/branch^0
+	ls "file2/"
+	INPUT_END'
+
+test_expect_success \
 	'N: copy to root by id and modify' \
 	'echo "hello, world" >expect.foo &&
 	 echo hello >expect.bar &&
@@ -1600,7 +1657,7 @@
 INPUT_END
 
 test_expect_success \
-	'P: supermodule & submodule mix' \
+	'P: superproject & submodule mix' \
 	'git fast-import <input &&
 	 git checkout subuse1 &&
 	 rm -rf sub && mkdir sub && (cd sub &&
@@ -1818,9 +1875,10 @@
 	'Q: commit notes' \
 	'git fast-import <input &&
 	 git whatchanged notes-test'
-test_expect_success \
-	'Q: verify pack' \
-	'for p in .git/objects/pack/*.pack;do git verify-pack $p||exit;done'
+
+test_expect_success 'Q: verify pack' '
+	verify_packs
+'
 
 commit1=$(git rev-parse notes-test~2)
 commit2=$(git rev-parse notes-test^)
@@ -2059,7 +2117,7 @@
     grep :1 git.marks'
 
 test_expect_success \
-    'R: export-marks options can be overriden by commandline options' \
+    'R: export-marks options can be overridden by commandline options' \
     'cat input | git fast-import --export-marks=other.marks &&
     grep :1 other.marks'
 
@@ -2577,13 +2635,14 @@
 	'R: blob bigger than threshold' \
 	'test_create_repo R &&
 	 git --git-dir=R/.git fast-import --big-file-threshold=1 <input'
-test_expect_success \
-	'R: verify created pack' \
-	': >verify &&
-	 for p in R/.git/objects/pack/*.pack;
-	 do
-	   git verify-pack -v $p >>verify || exit;
-	 done'
+
+test_expect_success 'R: verify created pack' '
+	(
+		cd R &&
+		verify_packs -v > ../verify
+	)
+'
+
 test_expect_success \
 	'R: verify written objects' \
 	'git --git-dir=R/.git cat-file blob big-file:big1 >actual &&
@@ -2596,4 +2655,291 @@
 	'n=$(grep $a verify | wc -l) &&
 	 test 1 = $n'
 
+###
+### series S
+###
+#
+# Make sure missing spaces and EOLs after mark references
+# cause errors.
+#
+# Setup:
+#
+#   1--2--4
+#    \   /
+#     -3-
+#
+#   commit marks:  301, 302, 303, 304
+#   blob marks:              403, 404, resp.
+#   note mark:          202
+#
+# The error message when a space is missing not at the
+# end of the line is:
+#
+#   Missing space after ..
+#
+# or when extra characters come after the mark at the end
+# of the line:
+#
+#   Garbage after ..
+#
+# or when the dataref is neither "inline " or a known SHA1,
+#
+#   Invalid dataref ..
+#
+test_tick
+
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/heads/S
+mark :301
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit 1
+COMMIT
+M 100644 inline hello.c
+data <<BLOB
+blob 1
+BLOB
+
+commit refs/heads/S
+mark :302
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+commit 2
+COMMIT
+from :301
+M 100644 inline hello.c
+data <<BLOB
+blob 2
+BLOB
+
+blob
+mark :403
+data <<BLOB
+blob 3
+BLOB
+
+blob
+mark :202
+data <<BLOB
+note 2
+BLOB
+INPUT_END
+
+test_expect_success 'S: initialize for S tests' '
+	git fast-import --export-marks=marks <input
+'
+
+#
+# filemodify, three datarefs
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: filemodify with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit N
+	COMMIT
+	M 100644 :403x hello.c
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after mark" err
+'
+
+# inline is misspelled; fast-import thinks it is some unknown dataref
+test_expect_success 'S: filemodify with garbage after inline must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit N
+	COMMIT
+	M 100644 inlineX hello.c
+	data <<BLOB
+	inline
+	BLOB
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "nvalid dataref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'S: filemodify with garbage after sha1 must fail' '
+	sha1=$(grep :403 marks | cut -d\  -f2) &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit N
+	COMMIT
+	M 100644 ${sha1}x hello.c
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after SHA1" err
+'
+
+#
+# notemodify, three ways to say dataref
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garabge after mark dataref must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit S note dataref markref
+	COMMIT
+	N :202x :302
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after mark" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garbage after inline dataref must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit S note dataref inline
+	COMMIT
+	N inlineX :302
+	data <<BLOB
+	note blob
+	BLOB
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "nvalid dataref" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garbage after sha1 dataref must fail' '
+	sha1=$(grep :202 marks | cut -d\  -f2) &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit S note dataref sha1
+	COMMIT
+	N ${sha1}x :302
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after SHA1" err
+'
+
+#
+# notemodify, mark in committish
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: notemodify with garbarge after mark committish must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/Snotes
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit S note committish
+	COMMIT
+	N :202 :302x
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "after mark" err
+'
+
+#
+# from
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: from with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	# no &&
+	git fast-import --import-marks=marks --export-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err
+	commit refs/heads/S2
+	mark :303
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit 3
+	COMMIT
+	from :301x
+	M 100644 :403 hello.c
+	EOF
+
+	ret=$? &&
+	echo returned $ret &&
+	test $ret -ne 0 && # failed, but it created the commit
+
+	# go create the commit, need it for merge test
+	git fast-import --import-marks=marks --export-marks=marks <<-EOF &&
+	commit refs/heads/S2
+	mark :303
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	commit 3
+	COMMIT
+	from :301
+	M 100644 :403 hello.c
+	EOF
+
+	# now evaluate the error
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "after mark" err
+'
+
+
+#
+# merge
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: merge with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	commit refs/heads/S
+	mark :304
+	committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<COMMIT
+	merge 4
+	COMMIT
+	from :302
+	merge :303x
+	M 100644 :403 hello.c
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "after mark" err
+'
+
+#
+# tag, from markref
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: tag with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	tag refs/tags/Stag
+	from :302x
+	tagger $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+	data <<TAG
+	tag S
+	TAG
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "after mark" err
+'
+
+#
+# cat-blob markref
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: cat-blob with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	cat-blob :403x
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "after mark" err
+'
+
+#
+# ls markref
+#
+test_expect_success 'S: ls with garbage after mark must fail' '
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	ls :302x hello.c
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after mark" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'S: ls with garbage after sha1 must fail' '
+	sha1=$(grep :302 marks | cut -d\  -f2) &&
+	test_must_fail git fast-import --import-marks=marks <<-EOF 2>err &&
+	ls ${sha1}x hello.c
+	EOF
+	cat err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "space after tree-ish" err
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
index 463254c..83acf68 100755
--- a/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
+++ b/t/t9301-fast-import-notes.sh
@@ -505,9 +505,63 @@
 	test_cmp expect_non-note3 actual
 
 '
+
+# Change the notes for the three top commits
+test_tick
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
+commit refs/notes/many_notes
+committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+data <<COMMIT
+changing notes for the top three commits
+COMMIT
+from refs/notes/many_notes^0
+INPUT_END
+
+rm expect
+i=$num_commits
+j=0
+while test $j -lt 3
+do
+	cat >>input <<INPUT_END
+N inline refs/heads/many_commits~$j
+data <<EOF
+changed note for commit #$i
+EOF
+INPUT_END
+	cat >>expect <<EXPECT_END
+    commit #$i
+    changed note for commit #$i
+EXPECT_END
+	i=$(($i - 1))
+	j=$(($j + 1))
+done
+
+test_expect_success 'change a few existing notes' '
+
+	git fast-import <input &&
+	GIT_NOTES_REF=refs/notes/many_notes git log -n3 refs/heads/many_commits |
+	    grep "^    " > actual &&
+	test_cmp expect actual
+
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'verify that changing notes respect existing fanout' '
+
+	# None of the entries in the top-level notes tree should be a full SHA1
+	git ls-tree --name-only refs/notes/many_notes |
+	while read path
+	do
+		if test $(expr length "$path") -ge 40
+		then
+			return 1
+		fi
+	done
+
+'
+
 remaining_notes=10
 test_tick
-cat >>input <<INPUT_END
+cat >input <<INPUT_END
 commit refs/notes/many_notes
 committer $GIT_COMMITTER_NAME <$GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL> $GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
 data <<COMMIT
@@ -516,12 +570,11 @@
 from refs/notes/many_notes^0
 INPUT_END
 
-i=$remaining_notes
-while test $i -lt $num_commits
+i=$(($num_commits - $remaining_notes))
+for sha1 in $(git rev-list -n $i refs/heads/many_commits)
 do
-	i=$(($i + 1))
 	cat >>input <<INPUT_END
-N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 :$i
+N 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000 $sha1
 INPUT_END
 done
 
diff --git a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
index 950d0ff..9320b4f 100755
--- a/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
+++ b/t/t9350-fast-export.sh
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@
 	git checkout -b marks master &&
 	git fast-export --export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD &&
 	test -s tmp-marks &&
-	test $(wc -l < tmp-marks) -eq 3 &&
+	test_line_count = 3 tmp-marks &&
 	test $(
 		git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks\
 		--export-marks=tmp-marks HEAD |
@@ -101,7 +101,7 @@
 		grep ^commit\  |
 		wc -l) \
 	-eq 1 &&
-	test $(wc -l < tmp-marks) -eq 4
+	test_line_count = 4 tmp-marks
 
 '
 
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@
 (
 	cd limit-by-paths &&
 	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=drop mytag -- there > output &&
-	test_cmp output expected
+	test_cmp expected output
 )
 '
 
@@ -320,7 +320,7 @@
 (
 	cd limit-by-paths &&
 	git fast-export --tag-of-filtered-object=rewrite mytag -- there > output &&
-	test_cmp output expected
+	test_cmp expected output
 )
 '
 
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@
 	(
 		cd limit-by-paths &&
 		git fast-export master~2..master~1 > output &&
-		test_cmp output expected
+		test_cmp expected output
 	)
 '
 
@@ -424,13 +424,13 @@
 		--cacheinfo 100644 $blob "path with \\backslash" \
 		--cacheinfo 100644 $blob "path with space" &&
 	 git commit -m addition &&
-	 git ls-files -z -s | perl -0pe "s{\\t}{$&subdir/}" >index &&
+	 git ls-files -z -s | "$PERL_PATH" -0pe "s{\\t}{$&subdir/}" >index &&
 	 git read-tree --empty &&
 	 git update-index -z --index-info <index &&
 	 git commit -m rename &&
 	 git read-tree --empty &&
 	 git commit -m deletion &&
-	 git fast-export HEAD >export.out &&
+	 git fast-export -M HEAD >export.out &&
 	 git rev-list HEAD >expect &&
 	 git init result &&
 	 cd result &&
@@ -440,4 +440,63 @@
 	)
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'test bidirectionality' '
+	>marks-cur &&
+	>marks-new &&
+	git init marks-test &&
+	git fast-export --export-marks=marks-cur --import-marks=marks-cur --branches | \
+	git --git-dir=marks-test/.git fast-import --export-marks=marks-new --import-marks=marks-new &&
+	(cd marks-test &&
+	git reset --hard &&
+	echo Wohlauf > file &&
+	git commit -a -m "back in time") &&
+	git --git-dir=marks-test/.git fast-export --export-marks=marks-new --import-marks=marks-new --branches | \
+	git fast-import --export-marks=marks-cur --import-marks=marks-cur
+'
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+blob
+mark :13
+data 5
+bump
+
+commit refs/heads/master
+mark :14
+author A U Thor <author@example.com> 1112912773 -0700
+committer C O Mitter <committer@example.com> 1112912773 -0700
+data 5
+bump
+from :12
+M 100644 :13 file
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'avoid uninteresting refs' '
+	> tmp-marks &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > /dev/null &&
+	git tag v1.0 &&
+	git branch uninteresting &&
+	echo bump > file &&
+	git commit -a -m bump &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks ^uninteresting ^v1.0 master > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
+cat > expected << EOF
+reset refs/heads/master
+from :14
+
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success 'refs are updated even if no commits need to be exported' '
+	> tmp-marks &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > /dev/null &&
+	git fast-export --import-marks=tmp-marks \
+		--export-marks=tmp-marks master > actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual
+'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
index 9199550..9502f24 100755
--- a/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
+++ b/t/t9400-git-cvsserver-server.sh
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@
 Line 0
 =======
 LINE 0
->>>>>>> merge.3
+>>>>>>> merge.1.3
 EOF
 
 for i in 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
@@ -476,14 +476,14 @@
     cd cvswork &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs update &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs status | grep "^File: status.file" >../out &&
-    test $(wc -l <../out) = 2
+    test_line_count = 2 ../out
 '
 
 cd "$WORKDIR"
 test_expect_success 'cvs status (nonrecursive)' '
     cd cvswork &&
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs status -l | grep "^File: status.file" >../out &&
-    test $(wc -l <../out) = 1
+    test_line_count = 1 ../out
 '
 
 cd "$WORKDIR"
@@ -500,8 +500,78 @@
 cd "$WORKDIR"
 test_expect_success 'cvs co -c (shows module database)' '
     GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs co -c > out &&
-    grep "^master[	 ]\+master$" < out &&
-    ! grep -v "^master[	 ]\+master$" < out
+    grep "^master[	 ][ 	]*master$" <out &&
+    ! grep -v "^master[	 ][ 	]*master$" <out
+'
+
+#------------
+# CVS LOG
+#------------
+
+# Known issues with git-cvsserver current log output:
+#  - Hard coded "lines: +2 -3" placeholder, instead of real numbers.
+#  - CVS normally does not internally add a blank first line
+#    nor a last line with nothing but a space to log messages.
+#  - The latest cvs 1.12.x server sends +0000 timezone (with some hidden "MT"
+#    tagging in the protocol), and if cvs 1.12.x client sees the MT tags,
+#    it converts to local time zone.  git-cvsserver doesn't do the +0000
+#    or the MT tags...
+#  - The latest 1.12.x releases add a "commitid:" field on to the end of the
+#    "date:" line (after "lines:").  Maybe we could stick git's commit id
+#    in it?  Or does CVS expect a certain number of bits (too few for
+#    a full sha1)?
+#
+# Given the above, expect the following test to break if git-cvsserver's
+# log output is improved.  The test is just to ensure it doesn't
+# accidentally get worse.
+
+sed -e 's/^x//' -e 's/SP$/ /' > "$WORKDIR/expect" <<EOF
+x
+xRCS file: $WORKDIR/gitcvs.git/master/merge,v
+xWorking file: merge
+xhead: 1.4
+xbranch:
+xlocks: strict
+xaccess list:
+xsymbolic names:
+xkeyword substitution: kv
+xtotal revisions: 4;	selected revisions: 4
+xdescription:
+x----------------------------
+xrevision 1.4
+xdate: __DATE__;  author: author;  state: Exp;  lines: +2 -3
+x
+xMerge test (no-op)
+xSP
+x----------------------------
+xrevision 1.3
+xdate: __DATE__;  author: author;  state: Exp;  lines: +2 -3
+x
+xMerge test (conflict)
+xSP
+x----------------------------
+xrevision 1.2
+xdate: __DATE__;  author: author;  state: Exp;  lines: +2 -3
+x
+xMerge test (merge)
+xSP
+x----------------------------
+xrevision 1.1
+xdate: __DATE__;  author: author;  state: Exp;  lines: +2 -3
+x
+xMerge test (pre-merge)
+xSP
+x=============================================================================
+EOF
+expectStat="$?"
+
+cd "$WORKDIR"
+test_expect_success 'cvs log' '
+    cd cvswork &&
+    test x"$expectStat" = x"0" &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs log merge >../out &&
+    sed -e "s%2[0-9][0-9][0-9]/[01][0-9]/[0-3][0-9] [0-2][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]%__DATE__%" ../out > ../actual &&
+    test_cmp ../expect ../actual
 '
 
 #------------
diff --git a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
index ff6d6fb..1c5bc84 100755
--- a/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
+++ b/t/t9401-git-cvsserver-crlf.sh
@@ -38,6 +38,25 @@
     fi
 }
 
+check_status_options() {
+    (cd "$1" &&
+    GIT_CONFIG="$git_config" cvs -Q status "$2" > "${WORKDIR}/status.out" 2>&1
+    )
+    if [ x"$?" != x"0" ] ; then
+	echo "Error from cvs status: $1 $2" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+	return 1;
+    fi
+    got="$(sed -n -e 's/^[ 	]*Sticky Options:[ 	]*//p' "${WORKDIR}/status.out")"
+    expect="$3"
+    if [ x"$expect" = x"" ] ; then
+	expect="(none)"
+    fi
+    test x"$got" = x"$expect"
+    stat=$?
+    echo "cvs status: $1 $2 $stat '$3' '$got'" >> "${WORKDIR}/marked.log"
+    return $stat
+}
+
 cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
 if test $? -ne 1
 then
@@ -233,6 +252,22 @@
     marked_as cvswork2/subdir newfile.c ""
 '
 
+test_expect_success 'cvs status - sticky options' '
+    check_status_options cvswork2 textfile.c "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 binfile.bin -kb &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 .gitattributes "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 mixedUp.c -kb &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 multiline.c -kb &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 multilineTxt.c "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2/subdir withCr.bin -kb &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 subdir/withCr.bin -kb &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2/subdir file.h "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2 subdir/file.h "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2/subdir unspecified.other "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2/subdir newfile.bin "" &&
+    check_status_options cvswork2/subdir newfile.c ""
+'
+
 test_expect_success 'add text (guess)' '
     (cd cvswork &&
     echo "simpleText" > simpleText.c &&
diff --git a/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..735a018
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9402-git-cvsserver-refs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git-cvsserver and git refspecs
+
+tests ability for git-cvsserver to switch between and compare
+tags, branches and other git refspecs'
+
+. ./test-lib.sh
+
+#########
+
+check_start_tree() {
+	rm -f "$WORKDIR/list.expected"
+	echo "start $1" >>"${WORKDIR}/check.log"
+}
+
+check_file() {
+	sandbox="$1"
+	file="$2"
+	ver="$3"
+	GIT_DIR=$SERVERDIR git show "${ver}:${file}" \
+		>"$WORKDIR/check.got" 2>"$WORKDIR/check.stderr"
+	test_cmp "$WORKDIR/check.got" "$sandbox/$file"
+	stat=$?
+	echo "check_file $sandbox $file $ver : $stat" >>"$WORKDIR/check.log"
+	echo "$file" >>"$WORKDIR/list.expected"
+	return $stat
+}
+
+check_end_tree() {
+	sandbox="$1" &&
+	find "$sandbox" -name CVS -prune -o -type f -print >"$WORKDIR/list.actual" &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.expected" >expected &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.actual" | sed -e "s%cvswork/%%" >actual &&
+	test_cmp expected actual &&
+	rm expected actual
+}
+
+check_end_full_tree() {
+	sandbox="$1" &&
+	sort <"$WORKDIR/list.expected" >expected &&
+	find "$sandbox" -name CVS -prune -o -type f -print |
+	sed -e "s%$sandbox/%%" | sort >act1 &&
+	test_cmp expected act1 &&
+	git ls-tree --name-only -r "$2" | sort >act2 &&
+	test_cmp expected act2 &&
+	rm expected act1 act2
+}
+
+#########
+
+check_diff() {
+	diffFile="$1"
+	vOld="$2"
+	vNew="$3"
+	rm -rf diffSandbox
+	git clone -q -n . diffSandbox &&
+	(
+		cd diffSandbox &&
+		git checkout "$vOld" &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"../$diffFile" &&
+		git diff --exit-code "$vNew"
+	) >check_diff_apply.out 2>&1
+}
+
+#########
+
+cvs >/dev/null 2>&1
+if test $? -ne 1
+then
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, cvs not found'
+	test_done
+fi
+if ! test_have_prereq PERL
+then
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, perl not available'
+	test_done
+fi
+"$PERL_PATH" -e 'use DBI; use DBD::SQLite' >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
+	skip_all='skipping git-cvsserver tests, Perl SQLite interface unavailable'
+	test_done
+}
+
+unset GIT_DIR GIT_CONFIG
+WORKDIR=$(pwd)
+SERVERDIR=$(pwd)/gitcvs.git
+git_config="$SERVERDIR/config"
+CVSROOT=":fork:$SERVERDIR"
+CVSWORK="$(pwd)/cvswork"
+CVS_SERVER=git-cvsserver
+export CVSROOT CVS_SERVER
+
+rm -rf "$CVSWORK" "$SERVERDIR"
+test_expect_success 'setup v1, b1' '
+	echo "Simple text file" >textfile.c &&
+	echo "t2" >t2 &&
+	mkdir adir &&
+	echo "adir/afile line1" >adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line2" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line3" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/afile line4" >>adir/afile &&
+	echo "adir/a2file" >>adir/a2file &&
+	mkdir adir/bdir &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/bfile line 1" >adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/bfile line 2" >>adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	echo "adir/bdir/b2file" >adir/bdir/b2file &&
+	git add textfile.c t2 adir &&
+	git commit -q -m "First Commit (v1)" &&
+	git tag v1 &&
+	git branch b1 &&
+	git clone -q --bare "$WORKDIR/.git" "$SERVERDIR" >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
+	GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config --bool gitcvs.enabled true &&
+	GIT_DIR="$SERVERDIR" git config gitcvs.logfile "$SERVERDIR/gitcvs.log"
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co v1' '
+	cvs -f -Q co -r v1 -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+rm -rf cvswork
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b1' '
+	cvs -f co -r b1 -d cvswork master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b1 [cvswork3]' '
+	cvs -f co -r b1 -d cvswork3 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'edit cvswork3 and save diff' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		sed -e "s/line1/line1 - data/" adir/afile >adir/afileNEW &&
+		mv -f adir/afileNEW adir/afile &&
+		echo "afile5" >adir/afile5 &&
+		rm t2 &&
+		cvs -f add adir/afile5 &&
+		cvs -f rm t2 &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvswork3edit.diff"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup v1.2 on b1' '
+	git checkout b1 &&
+	echo "new v1.2" >t3 &&
+	rm t2 &&
+	sed -e "s/line3/line3 - more data/" adir/afile >adir/afileNEW &&
+	mv -f adir/afileNEW adir/afile &&
+	rm adir/a2file &&
+	echo "a3file" >>adir/a3file &&
+	echo "bfile line 3" >>adir/bdir/bfile &&
+	rm adir/bdir/b2file &&
+	echo "b3file" >adir/bdir/b3file &&
+	mkdir cdir &&
+	echo "cdir/cfile" >cdir/cfile &&
+	git add -A cdir adir t3 t2 &&
+	git commit -q -m 'v1.2' &&
+	git tag v1.2 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b1:b1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs -f up (on b1 adir)' '
+	( cd cvswork/adir && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (on b1 /)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+# Make sure "CVS/Tag" files didn't get messed up:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (on b1 /) (again; check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+# update to another version:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r v1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r v1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (again; check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -d ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup simple b2' '
+	git branch b2 v1 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b2:b2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs co b2 [into cvswork2]' '
+	cvs -f co -r b2 -d cvswork2 master >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_tree cvswork
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root dir edit [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 && echo "Line 2" >>textfile.c &&
+		! cvs -f diff -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit1.diff" &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "edit textfile.c" textfile.c
+	) >cvsEdit1.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'root dir rm file [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 &&
+		cvs -f rm -f t2 &&
+		cvs -f diff -u >../cvsEdit2-empty.diff &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit2-N.diff" &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "rm t2"
+	) >cvsEdit2.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir edit/add/rm files [cvswork2]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork2 &&
+		sed -e "s/line 1/line 1 (v2)/" adir/bdir/bfile >adir/bdir/bfileNEW &&
+		mv -f adir/bdir/bfileNEW adir/bdir/bfile &&
+		rm adir/bdir/b2file &&
+		cd adir &&
+		cvs -f rm bdir/b2file &&
+		echo "4th file" >bdir/b4file &&
+		cvs -f add bdir/b4file &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3.diff" &&
+		git fetch gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+		(
+		  cd .. &&
+		  ! cvs -f diff -u -N -r v1.2 >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff" &&
+		  ! cvs -f diff -u -N -r v1.2 -r v1 >"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff"
+		) &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "various add/rm/edit"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate result of edits [cvswork2]' '
+	git fetch gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+	git tag v2 b2 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b2:b2 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate basic diffs saved during above cvswork2 edits' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit1.diff | wc -l) = 1 &&
+	test ! -s cvsEdit2-empty.diff &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit2-N.diff | wc -l) = 1 &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3.diff | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	rm -rf diffSandbox &&
+	git clone -q -n . diffSandbox &&
+	(
+		cd diffSandbox &&
+		git checkout v1 &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit1.diff" &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit2-N.diff" &&
+		git apply -p0 --directory=adir --index <"$WORKDIR/cvsEdit3.diff" &&
+		git diff --exit-code v2
+	) >"check_diff_apply.out" 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate v1.2 diff saved during last cvswork2 edit' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff | wc -l) = 9 &&
+	check_diff cvsEdit3-v1.2.diff v1.2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'validate v1.2 v1 diff saved during last cvswork2 edit' '
+	test $(grep Index: cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff | wc -l) = 9 &&
+	check_diff cvsEdit3-v1.2-v1.diff v1.2 v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up [cvswork2]' '
+	( cd cvswork2 && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork2 adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork2 v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r b2 [back to cvswork]' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r b2 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r b1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r b1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1.2
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -A' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -A ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs up (check CVS/Tag files)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+# This is not really legal CVS, but it seems to work anyway:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r heads/b1' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r heads/b1 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork t3 v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b3file v1.2 &&
+	check_file cvswork cdir/cfile v1.2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1.2
+'
+
+# But this should work even if CVS client checks -r more carefully:
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r heads_-s-b2 (cvsserver escape mechanism)' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r heads_-s-b2 ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v2 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b4file v2 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v2
+'
+
+v1hash=$(git rev-parse v1)
+test_expect_success 'cvs up -r $(git rev-parse v1)' '
+	test -n "$v1hash" &&
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f up -r "$v1hash" ) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork &&
+	check_file cvswork textfile.c v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork t2 v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/afile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/a2file v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/bfile v1 &&
+	check_file cvswork adir/bdir/b2file v1 &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork v1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -r v1 -u' '
+	( cd cvswork && cvs -f diff -r v1 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -u' '
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2' '
+	( cd cvswork && ! cvs -f diff -N -r v2 -r v1.2 -u ) >cvsDiff.out 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v2 v1.2 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'apply early [cvswork3] diff to b3' '
+	git clone -q . gitwork3 &&
+	(
+		cd gitwork3 &&
+		git checkout -b b3 v1 &&
+		git apply -p0 --index <"$WORKDIR/cvswork3edit.diff" &&
+		git commit -m "cvswork3 edits applied"
+	) &&
+	git fetch gitwork3 b3:b3 &&
+	git tag v3 b3
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check [cvswork3] diff' '
+	( cd cvswork3 && ! cvs -f diff -N -u ) >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out" 2>cvs.log &&
+	test ! -s cvs.log &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsDiff.out | wc -l) = 3 &&
+	test_cmp cvsDiff.out cvswork3edit.diff &&
+	check_diff cvsDiff.out v1 v3 >check_diff.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'merge early [cvswork3] b3 with b1' '
+	( cd gitwork3 && git merge "message" HEAD b1 ) &&
+	git fetch gitwork3 b3:b3 &&
+	git tag v3merged b3 &&
+	git push --tags gitcvs.git b3:b3
+'
+
+# This test would fail if cvsserver properly created a ".#afile"* file
+# for the merge.
+# TODO: Validate that the .# file was saved properly, and then
+#   delete/ignore it when checking the tree.
+test_expect_success 'cvs up dirty [cvswork3]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		cvs -f up &&
+		! cvs -f diff -N -u >"$WORKDIR/cvsDiff.out"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	test -s cvsDiff.out &&
+	test $(grep Index: cvsDiff.out | wc -l) = 2 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t3 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile5 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 cdir/cfile v3merged &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v3merged
+'
+
+# TODO: test cvs status
+
+test_expect_success 'cvs commit [cvswork3]' '
+	(
+		cd cvswork3 &&
+		cvs -f commit -m "dirty sandbox after auto-merge"
+	) >cvs.log 2>&1 &&
+	check_start_tree cvswork3 &&
+	check_file cvswork3 textfile.c v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 t3 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/a3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/afile5 v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/bfile v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 adir/bdir/b3file v3merged &&
+	check_file cvswork3 cdir/cfile v3merged &&
+	check_end_full_tree cvswork3 v3merged &&
+	git fetch gitcvs.git b3:b4 &&
+	git tag v4.1 b4 &&
+	git diff --exit-code v4.1 v3merged >check_diff_apply.out 2>&1
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
index 5329715..90bb605 100755
--- a/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
+++ b/t/t9500-gitweb-standalone-no-errors.sh
@@ -274,6 +274,53 @@
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;hp=foo-becomes-a-directory;h=foo-symlinked-to-bar"'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# commitdiff testing (incomplete lines)
+
+test_expect_success 'setup incomplete lines' '
+	cat >file<<-\EOF &&
+	Dominus regit me,
+	et nihil mihi deerit.
+	In loco pascuae ibi me collocavit,
+	super aquam refectionis educavit me;
+	animam meam convertit,
+	deduxit me super semitas jusitiae,
+	propter nomen suum.
+	CHANGE_ME
+	EOF
+	git commit -a -m "Preparing for incomplete lines" &&
+	echo "incomplete" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m "Add incomplete line" &&
+	git tag incomplete_lines_add &&
+	sed -e s/CHANGE_ME/change_me/ <file >file+ &&
+	mv -f file+ file &&
+	git commit -a -m "Incomplete context line" &&
+	git tag incomplete_lines_ctx &&
+	echo "Dominus regit me," >file &&
+	echo "incomplete line" | tr -d "\\012" >>file &&
+	git commit -a -m "Change incomplete line" &&
+	git tag incomplete_lines_chg
+	echo "Dominus regit me," >file &&
+	git commit -a -m "Remove incomplete line" &&
+	git tag incomplete_lines_rem
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commitdiff(1): addition of incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_add"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commitdiff(1): incomplete line as context line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_ctx"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commitdiff(1): change incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_chg"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'commitdiff(1): removal of incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_rem"
+'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # commit, commitdiff: merge, large
 test_expect_success \
 	'Create a merge' \
@@ -282,7 +329,8 @@
 	 git add b &&
 	 git commit -a -m "On branch" &&
 	 git checkout master &&
-	 git pull . b'
+	 git pull . b &&
+	 git tag merge_commit'
 
 test_expect_success \
 	'commit(0): merge commit' \
@@ -332,6 +380,29 @@
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=b"'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# side-by-side diff
+
+test_expect_success 'side-by-side: addition of incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_add;ds=sidebyside"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side-by-side: incomplete line as context line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_ctx;ds=sidebyside"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side-by-side: changed incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_chg;ds=sidebyside"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side-by-side: removal of incomplete line' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=incomplete_lines_rem;ds=sidebyside"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'side-by-side: merge commit' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=commitdiff;h=merge_commit;ds=sidebyside"
+'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # tags testing
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -404,6 +475,14 @@
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:foo/"'
 
 test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch (non-existent)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/non-existent"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'path_info: project/branch:filename (non-existent branch)' \
+	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/non-existent:non-existent"'
+
+test_expect_success \
 	'path_info: project/branch:file (non-existent)' \
 	'gitweb_run "" "/.git/master:non-existent"'
 
@@ -559,6 +638,45 @@
 	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=tree"'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# searching
+
+cat >>gitweb_config.perl <<\EOF
+
+# enable search
+$feature{'search'}{'default'} = [1];
+$feature{'grep'}{'default'} = [1];
+$feature{'pickaxe'}{'default'} = [1];
+EOF
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: preparation' \
+	'echo "1st MATCH" >>file &&
+	 echo "2nd MATCH" >>file &&
+	 echo "MATCH" >>bar &&
+	 git add file bar &&
+	 git commit -m "Added MATCH word"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: commit author' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=search;h=HEAD;st=author;s=A+U+Thor"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: commit message' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=search;h=HEAD;st=commitr;s=MATCH"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: grep' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=search;h=HEAD;st=grep;s=MATCH"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: pickaxe' \
+	'gitweb_run "p=.git;a=search;h=HEAD;st=pickaxe;s=MATCH"'
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'search: projects' \
+	'gitweb_run "a=project_list;s=.git"'
+
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # non-ASCII in README.html
 
 test_expect_success \
@@ -660,4 +778,13 @@
 	'echo "\$projects_list_group_categories = 1;" >>gitweb_config.perl &&
 	 gitweb_run'
 
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# unborn branches
+
+test_expect_success \
+	'unborn HEAD: "summary" page (with "heads" subview)' \
+	'git checkout orphan_branch || git checkout --orphan orphan_branch &&
+	 test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	 gitweb_run "p=.git;a=summary"'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
index 26102ee..ef86948 100755
--- a/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
+++ b/t/t9501-gitweb-standalone-http-status.sh
@@ -12,6 +12,13 @@
 
 . ./gitweb-lib.sh
 
+#
+# Gitweb only provides the functionality tested by the 'modification times'
+# tests if it can access a date parser from one of these modules:
+#
+perl -MHTTP::Date -e 0 >/dev/null 2>&1 && test_set_prereq DATE_PARSER
+perl -MTime::ParseDate -e 0 >/dev/null 2>&1 && test_set_prereq DATE_PARSER
+
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # snapshot settings
 
@@ -92,7 +99,7 @@
 test_expect_success 'snapshots: bad tree-ish id (tagged object)' '
 	echo object > tag-object &&
 	git add tag-object &&
-	git commit -m "Object to be tagged" &&
+	test_tick && git commit -m "Object to be tagged" &&
 	git tag tagged-object `git hash-object tag-object` &&
 	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=tagged-object;sf=tgz" &&
 	grep "400 - Object is not a tree-ish" gitweb.output
@@ -112,6 +119,64 @@
 '
 test_debug 'cat gitweb.output'
 
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# modification times (Last-Modified and If-Modified-Since)
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed last-modified' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom;h=master" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers &&
+	grep "Last-modified: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed if-modified-since (modified)' '
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom;h=master" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: feed if-modified-since (unmodified)' '
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=atom;h=master" &&
+	grep "Status: 304 Not Modified" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot last-modified' '
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers &&
+	grep "Last-modified: Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (modified)' '
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: snapshot if-modified-since (unmodified)' '
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Thu, 7 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=master;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 304 Not Modified" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
+test_expect_success DATE_PARSER 'modification: tree snapshot' '
+	ID=`git rev-parse --verify HEAD^{tree}` &&
+	export HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE="Wed, 6 Apr 2005 22:14:13 +0000" &&
+	test_when_finished "unset HTTP_IF_MODIFIED_SINCE" &&
+	gitweb_run "p=.git;a=snapshot;h=$ID;sf=tgz" &&
+	grep "Status: 200 OK" gitweb.headers &&
+	! grep -i "last-modified" gitweb.headers
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
 
 # ----------------------------------------------------------------------
 # load checking
@@ -134,4 +199,14 @@
 EOF
 
 
+# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
+# invalid arguments
+
+test_expect_success 'invalid arguments: invalid regexp (in project search)' '
+	gitweb_run "a=project_list;s=*\.git;sr=1" &&
+	grep "Status: 400" gitweb.headers &&
+	grep "400 - Invalid.*regexp" gitweb.body
+'
+test_debug 'cat gitweb.headers'
+
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh b/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh
index 731e64c..86dfee2 100755
--- a/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh
+++ b/t/t9502-gitweb-standalone-parse-output.sh
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
 	echo "basename=$basename"
 	grep "filename=.*$basename.tar" gitweb.headers >/dev/null 2>&1 &&
 	"$TAR" tf gitweb.body >file_list &&
-	! grep -v "^$prefix/" file_list
+	! grep -v -e "^$prefix$" -e "^$prefix/" -e "^pax_global_header$" file_list
 }
 
 test_expect_success setup '
@@ -185,5 +185,20 @@
 	test_cmp expected actual
 '
 
+xss() {
+	echo >&2 "Checking $1..." &&
+	gitweb_run "$1" &&
+	if grep "$TAG" gitweb.body; then
+		echo >&2 "xss: $TAG should have been quoted in output"
+		return 1
+	fi
+	return 0
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'xss checks' '
+	TAG="<magic-xss-tag>" &&
+	xss "a=rss&p=$TAG" &&
+	xss "a=rss&p=foo.git&f=$TAG"
+'
 
 test_done
diff --git a/t/t9604-cvsimport-timestamps.sh b/t/t9604-cvsimport-timestamps.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1fd5142
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9604-cvsimport-timestamps.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git cvsimport timestamps'
+. ./lib-cvs.sh
+
+setup_cvs_test_repository t9604
+
+test_expect_success 'check timestamps are UTC (TZ=CST6CDT)' '
+
+	TZ=CST6CDT git cvsimport -p"-x" -C module-1 module &&
+	git cvsimport -p"-x" -C module-1 module &&
+	(
+		cd module-1 &&
+		git log --format="%s %ai"
+	) >actual-1 &&
+	cat >expect-1 <<-EOF &&
+	Rev 16 2006-10-29 07:00:01 +0000
+	Rev 15 2006-10-29 06:59:59 +0000
+	Rev 14 2006-04-02 08:00:01 +0000
+	Rev 13 2006-04-02 07:59:59 +0000
+	Rev 12 2005-12-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev 11 2005-11-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev 10 2005-10-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  9 2005-09-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  8 2005-08-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  7 2005-07-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  6 2005-06-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  5 2005-05-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  4 2005-04-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  3 2005-03-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  2 2005-02-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	Rev  1 2005-01-01 00:00:00 +0000
+	EOF
+	test_cmp actual-1 expect-1
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'check timestamps with author-specific timezones' '
+
+	cat >cvs-authors <<-EOF &&
+	user1=User One <user1@domain.org>
+	user2=User Two <user2@domain.org> CST6CDT
+	user3=User Three <user3@domain.org> EST5EDT
+	user4=User Four <user4@domain.org> MST7MDT
+	EOF
+	git cvsimport -p"-x" -A cvs-authors -C module-2 module &&
+	(
+		cd module-2 &&
+		git log --format="%s %ai %an"
+	) >actual-2 &&
+	cat >expect-2 <<-EOF &&
+	Rev 16 2006-10-29 01:00:01 -0600 User Two
+	Rev 15 2006-10-29 01:59:59 -0500 User Two
+	Rev 14 2006-04-02 03:00:01 -0500 User Two
+	Rev 13 2006-04-02 01:59:59 -0600 User Two
+	Rev 12 2005-11-30 17:00:00 -0700 User Four
+	Rev 11 2005-10-31 19:00:00 -0500 User Three
+	Rev 10 2005-09-30 19:00:00 -0500 User Two
+	Rev  9 2005-09-01 00:00:00 +0000 User One
+	Rev  8 2005-07-31 18:00:00 -0600 User Four
+	Rev  7 2005-06-30 20:00:00 -0400 User Three
+	Rev  6 2005-05-31 19:00:00 -0500 User Two
+	Rev  5 2005-05-01 00:00:00 +0000 User One
+	Rev  4 2005-03-31 17:00:00 -0700 User Four
+	Rev  3 2005-02-28 19:00:00 -0500 User Three
+	Rev  2 2005-01-31 18:00:00 -0600 User Two
+	Rev  1 2005-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 User One
+	EOF
+	test_cmp actual-2 expect-2
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9604/cvsroot/.gitattributes b/t/t9604/cvsroot/.gitattributes
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..562b12e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9604/cvsroot/.gitattributes
@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+* -whitespace
diff --git a/t/t9604/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore b/t/t9604/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bb9b34
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9604/cvsroot/CVSROOT/.gitignore
@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+history
+val-tags
diff --git a/t/t9604/cvsroot/module/a,v b/t/t9604/cvsroot/module/a,v
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..80658c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9604/cvsroot/module/a,v
@@ -0,0 +1,264 @@
+head	1.16;
+access;
+symbols;
+locks; strict;
+comment	@# @;
+
+
+1.16
+date	2006.10.29.07.00.01;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.15;
+
+1.15
+date	2006.10.29.06.59.59;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.14;
+
+1.14
+date	2006.04.02.08.00.01;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.13;
+
+1.13
+date	2006.04.02.07.59.59;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.12;
+
+1.12
+date	2005.12.01.00.00.00;	author user4;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.11;
+
+1.11
+date	2005.11.01.00.00.00;	author user3;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.10;
+
+1.10
+date	2005.10.01.00.00.00;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.9;
+
+1.9
+date	2005.09.01.00.00.00;	author user1;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.8;
+
+1.8
+date	2005.08.01.00.00.00;	author user4;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.7;
+
+1.7
+date	2005.07.01.00.00.00;	author user3;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.6;
+
+1.6
+date	2005.06.01.00.00.00;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.5;
+
+1.5
+date	2005.05.01.00.00.00;	author user1;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.4;
+
+1.4
+date	2005.04.01.00.00.00;	author user4;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.3;
+
+1.3
+date	2005.03.01.00.00.00;	author user3;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.2;
+
+1.2
+date	2005.02.01.00.00.00;	author user2;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	1.1;
+
+1.1
+date	2005.01.01.00.00.00;	author user1;	state Exp;
+branches;
+next	;
+
+
+desc
+@@
+
+
+1.16
+log
+@Rev 16
+@
+text
+@Rev 16
+@
+
+
+1.15
+log
+@Rev 15
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 15
+@
+
+
+1.14
+log
+@Rev 14
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 14
+@
+
+
+1.13
+log
+@Rev 13
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 13
+@
+
+
+1.12
+log
+@Rev 12
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 12
+@
+
+
+1.11
+log
+@Rev 11
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 11
+@
+
+
+1.10
+log
+@Rev 10
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 10
+@
+
+
+1.9
+log
+@Rev  9
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 9
+@
+
+
+1.8
+log
+@Rev  8
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 8
+@
+
+
+1.7
+log
+@Rev  7
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 7
+@
+
+
+1.6
+log
+@Rev  6
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 6
+@
+
+
+1.5
+log
+@Rev  5
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 5
+@
+
+
+1.4
+log
+@Rev  4
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 4
+@
+
+
+1.3
+log
+@Rev  3
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 3
+@
+
+
+1.2
+log
+@Rev  2
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 2
+@
+
+
+1.1
+log
+@Rev  1
+@
+text
+@d1 1
+a1 1
+Rev 1
+@
diff --git a/t/t9700-perl-git.sh b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
index 3787186..435d896 100755
--- a/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
+++ b/t/t9700-perl-git.sh
@@ -43,7 +43,11 @@
      git config --add test.booltrue true &&
      git config --add test.boolfalse no &&
      git config --add test.boolother other &&
-     git config --add test.int 2k
+     git config --add test.int 2k &&
+     git config --add test.path "~/foo" &&
+     git config --add test.pathexpanded "$HOME/foo" &&
+     git config --add test.pathmulti foo &&
+     git config --add test.pathmulti bar
      '
 
 # The external test will outputs its own plan
diff --git a/t/t9700/test.pl b/t/t9700/test.pl
index 13ba96e..0d4e366 100755
--- a/t/t9700/test.pl
+++ b/t/t9700/test.pl
@@ -33,6 +33,10 @@
 is($r->config_int("test.nonexistent"), undef, "config_int: nonexistent");
 ok($r->config_bool("test.booltrue"), "config_bool: true");
 ok(!$r->config_bool("test.boolfalse"), "config_bool: false");
+is($r->config_path("test.path"), $r->config("test.pathexpanded"),
+   "config_path: ~/foo expansion");
+is_deeply([$r->config_path("test.pathmulti")], ["foo", "bar"],
+   "config_path: multiple values");
 our $ansi_green = "\x1b[32m";
 is($r->get_color("color.test.slot1", "red"), $ansi_green, "get_color");
 # Cannot test $r->get_colorbool("color.foo")) because we do not
@@ -42,8 +46,7 @@
 # Save and restore STDERR; we will probably extract this into a
 # "dies_ok" method and possibly move the STDERR handling to Git.pm.
 open our $tmpstderr, ">&STDERR" or die "cannot save STDERR"; close STDERR;
-eval { $r->config("test.dupstring") };
-ok($@, "config: duplicate entry in scalar context fails");
+is($r->config("test.dupstring"), "value2", "config: multivar");
 eval { $r->config_bool("test.boolother") };
 ok($@, "config_bool: non-boolean values fail");
 open STDERR, ">&", $tmpstderr or die "cannot restore STDERR";
diff --git a/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..665607c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9800-git-p4-basic.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,210 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file1" &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		p4 add file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file2"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic git p4 clone' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 1 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'depot typo error' '
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --dest="$git" /depot 2>errs &&
+	grep "Depot paths must start with" errs
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git p4 clone @all' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git p4 sync uninitialized repo' '
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 sync 2>errs &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Perhaps you never did" errs
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Create a git repo by hand.  Add a commit so that HEAD is valid.
+# Test imports a new p4 repository into a new git branch.
+#
+test_expect_success 'git p4 sync new branch' '
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit head &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/depot //depot@all &&
+		git log --oneline p4/depot >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone two dirs' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir sub1 sub2 &&
+		echo sub1/f1 >sub1/f1 &&
+		echo sub2/f2 >sub2/f2 &&
+		p4 add sub1/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "sub1/f1" &&
+		p4 add sub2/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "sub2/f2"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/sub1 //depot/sub2 &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git ls-files >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 1 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone two dirs, @all' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo sub1/f3 >sub1/f3 &&
+		p4 add sub1/f3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "sub1/f3"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/sub1@all //depot/sub2@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git ls-files >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines &&
+		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone two dirs, @all, conflicting files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo sub2/f3 >sub2/f3 &&
+		p4 add sub2/f3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "sub2/f3"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/sub1@all //depot/sub2@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git ls-files >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines &&
+		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 4 lines &&
+		echo sub2/f3 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected f3
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exit when p4 fails to produce marshaled output' '
+	mkdir badp4dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm badp4dir/p4 && rmdir badp4dir" &&
+	cat >badp4dir/p4 <<-EOF &&
+	#!$SHELL_PATH
+	exit 1
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 badp4dir/p4 &&
+	(
+		PATH="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/badp4dir:$PATH" &&
+		export PATH &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot >errs 2>&1
+	) &&
+	cat errs &&
+	! test_i18ngrep Traceback errs
+'
+
+# Hide a file from p4d, make sure we catch its complaint.  This won't fail in
+# p4 changes, files, or describe; just in p4 print.  If P4CLIENT is unset, the
+# message will include "Librarian checkout".
+test_expect_success 'exit gracefully for p4 server errors' '
+	test_when_finished "mv \"$db\"/depot/file1,v,hidden \"$db\"/depot/file1,v" &&
+	mv "$db"/depot/file1,v "$db"/depot/file1,v,hidden &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_expect_code 1 git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@1 >out 2>err &&
+	test_i18ngrep "Error from p4 print" err
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --bare should make a bare repository' '
+	rm -rf "$git" &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --bare //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git &&
+		git config --get --bool core.bare true &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/HEAD &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify HEAD
+	)
+'
+
+# Sleep a bit so that the top-most p4 change did not happen "now".  Then
+# import the repo and make sure that the initial import has the same time
+# as the top-most change.
+test_expect_success 'initial import time from top change time' '
+	p4change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | marshal_dump change) &&
+	p4time=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | marshal_dump time) &&
+	sleep 3 &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		gittime=$(git show -s --raw --pretty=format:%at HEAD) &&
+		echo $p4time $gittime &&
+		test $p4time = $gittime
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unresolvable host in P4PORT should display error' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		P4PORT=nosuchhost:65537 &&
+		export P4PORT &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 sync >out 2>err &&
+		grep "connect to nosuchhost" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9800-git-p4.sh b/t/t9800-git-p4.sh
deleted file mode 100755
index 01ba041..0000000
--- a/t/t9800-git-p4.sh
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,476 +0,0 @@
-#!/bin/sh
-
-test_description='git-p4 tests'
-
-. ./test-lib.sh
-
-( p4 -h && p4d -h ) >/dev/null 2>&1 || {
-	skip_all='skipping git-p4 tests; no p4 or p4d'
-	test_done
-}
-
-GITP4=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/fast-import/git-p4
-P4DPORT=10669
-
-export P4PORT=localhost:$P4DPORT
-
-db="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/db"
-cli="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli"
-git="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/git"
-
-test_debug 'echo p4d -q -d -r "$db" -p $P4DPORT'
-test_expect_success setup '
-	mkdir -p "$db" &&
-	p4d -q -d -r "$db" -p $P4DPORT &&
-	mkdir -p "$cli" &&
-	mkdir -p "$git" &&
-	export P4PORT=localhost:$P4DPORT
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add p4 files' '
-	cd "$cli" &&
-	p4 client -i <<-EOF &&
-	Client: client
-	Description: client
-	Root: $cli
-	View: //depot/... //client/...
-	EOF
-	export P4CLIENT=client &&
-	echo file1 >file1 &&
-	p4 add file1 &&
-	p4 submit -d "file1" &&
-	echo file2 >file2 &&
-	p4 add file2 &&
-	p4 submit -d "file2" &&
-	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-cleanup_git() {
-	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
-	rm -rf "$git" &&
-	mkdir "$git"
-}
-
-test_expect_success 'basic git-p4 clone' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git log --oneline >lines &&
-	test_line_count = 1 lines
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git-p4 clone @all' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git log --oneline >lines &&
-	test_line_count = 2 lines
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'git-p4 sync uninitialized repo' '
-	test_create_repo "$git" &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	test_must_fail "$GITP4" sync
-'
-
-#
-# Create a git repo by hand.  Add a commit so that HEAD is valid.
-# Test imports a new p4 repository into a new git branch.
-#
-test_expect_success 'git-p4 sync new branch' '
-	test_create_repo "$git" &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	test_commit head &&
-	"$GITP4" sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/depot //depot@all &&
-	git log --oneline p4/depot >lines &&
-	test_line_count = 2 lines
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'exit when p4 fails to produce marshaled output' '
-	badp4dir="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/badp4dir" &&
-	mkdir -p "$badp4dir" &&
-	test_when_finished "rm -rf $badp4dir" &&
-	cat >"$badp4dir"/p4 <<-EOF &&
-	#!$SHELL_PATH
-	exit 1
-	EOF
-	chmod 755 "$badp4dir"/p4 &&
-	PATH="$badp4dir:$PATH" "$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot >errs 2>&1 ; retval=$? &&
-	test $retval -eq 1 &&
-	test_must_fail grep -q Traceback errs
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'add p4 files with wildcards in the names' '
-	cd "$cli" &&
-	echo file-wild-hash >file-wild#hash &&
-	echo file-wild-star >file-wild\*star &&
-	echo file-wild-at >file-wild@at &&
-	echo file-wild-percent >file-wild%percent &&
-	p4 add -f file-wild* &&
-	p4 submit -d "file wildcards"
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'wildcard files git-p4 clone' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	test -f file-wild#hash &&
-	test -f file-wild\*star &&
-	test -f file-wild@at &&
-	test -f file-wild%percent
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'clone bare' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" --bare //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	test ! -d .git &&
-	bare=`git config --get core.bare` &&
-	test "$bare" = true
-'
-
-p4_add_user() {
-    name=$1
-    fullname=$2
-    p4 user -f -i <<EOF &&
-User: $name
-Email: $name@localhost
-FullName: $fullname
-EOF
-    p4 passwd -P secret $name
-}
-
-p4_grant_admin() {
-    name=$1
-    p4 protect -o |\
-	awk "{print}END{print \"    admin user $name * //depot/...\"}" |\
-	p4 protect -i
-}
-
-p4_check_commit_author() {
-    file=$1
-    user=$2
-    if p4 changes -m 1 //depot/$file | grep $user > /dev/null ; then
-	return 0
-    else
-	echo "file $file not modified by user $user" 1>&2
-	return 1
-    fi
-}
-
-make_change_by_user() {
-	file=$1 name=$2 email=$3 &&
-	echo "username: a change by $name" >>"$file" &&
-	git add "$file" &&
-	git commit --author "$name <$email>" -m "a change by $name"
-}
-
-# Test username support, submitting as user 'alice'
-test_expect_success 'preserve users' '
-	p4_add_user alice Alice &&
-	p4_add_user bob Bob &&
-	p4_grant_admin alice &&
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	echo "username: a change by alice" >> file1 &&
-	echo "username: a change by bob" >> file2 &&
-	git commit --author "Alice <alice@localhost>" -m "a change by alice" file1 &&
-	git commit --author "Bob <bob@localhost>" -m "a change by bob" file2 &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-	P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit --preserve-user &&
-	p4_check_commit_author file1 alice &&
-	p4_check_commit_author file2 bob
-'
-
-# Test username support, submitting as bob, who lacks admin rights. Should
-# not submit change to p4 (git diff should show deltas).
-test_expect_success 'refuse to preserve users without perms' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-	echo "username-noperms: a change by alice" >> file1 &&
-	git commit --author "Alice <alice@localhost>" -m "perms: a change by alice" file1 &&
-	! P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=bob P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit --preserve-user &&
-	! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master > /dev/null
-'
-
-# What happens with unknown author? Without allowMissingP4Users it should fail.
-test_expect_success 'preserve user where author is unknown to p4' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-	echo "username-bob: a change by bob" >> file1 &&
-	git commit --author "Bob <bob@localhost>" -m "preserve: a change by bob" file1 &&
-	echo "username-unknown: a change by charlie" >> file1 &&
-	git commit --author "Charlie <charlie@localhost>" -m "preserve: a change by charlie" file1 &&
-	! P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit --preserve-user &&
-	! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master > /dev/null &&
-	echo "$0: repeat with allowMissingP4Users enabled" &&
-	git config git-p4.allowMissingP4Users true &&
-	git config git-p4.preserveUser true &&
-	P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit &&
-	git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master > /dev/null &&
-	p4_check_commit_author file1 alice
-'
-
-# If we're *not* using --preserve-user, git-p4 should warn if we're submitting
-# changes that are not all ours.
-# Test: user in p4 and user unknown to p4.
-# Test: warning disabled and user is the same.
-test_expect_success 'not preserving user with mixed authorship' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-	p4_add_user derek Derek &&
-
-	make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Derek derek@localhost &&
-	P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit >actual &&
-	grep "git author derek@localhost does not match" actual &&
-
-	make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@localhost &&
-	P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit >actual &&
-	grep "git author charlie@localhost does not match" actual &&
-
-	make_change_by_user usernamefile3 alice alice@localhost &&
-	P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit >actual &&
-	! grep "git author.*does not match" actual &&
-
-	git config git-p4.skipUserNameCheck true &&
-	make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@localhost &&
-	P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret "$GITP4" commit >actual &&
-	! grep "git author.*does not match" actual &&
-
-	p4_check_commit_author usernamefile3 alice
-'
-
-marshal_dump() {
-	what=$1
-	python -c 'import marshal, sys; d = marshal.load(sys.stdin); print d["'$what'"]'
-}
-
-# Sleep a bit so that the top-most p4 change did not happen "now".  Then
-# import the repo and make sure that the initial import has the same time
-# as the top-most change.
-test_expect_success 'initial import time from top change time' '
-	p4change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | marshal_dump change) &&
-	p4time=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | marshal_dump time) &&
-	sleep 3 &&
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	gittime=$(git show -s --raw --pretty=format:%at HEAD) &&
-	echo $p4time $gittime &&
-	test $p4time = $gittime
-'
-
-# Rename a file and confirm that rename is not detected in P4.
-# Rename the new file again with detectRenames option enabled and confirm that
-# this is detected in P4.
-# Rename the new file again adding an extra line, configure a big threshold in
-# detectRenames and confirm that rename is not detected in P4.
-# Repeat, this time with a smaller threshold and confirm that the rename is
-# detected in P4.
-test_expect_success 'detect renames' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-
-	git mv file1 file4 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Rename file1 to file4" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file4 &&
-	! p4 filelog //depot/file4 | grep -q "branch from" &&
-
-	git mv file4 file5 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Rename file4 to file5" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
-	git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file5 &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file5 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file4" &&
-
-	git mv file5 file6 &&
-	echo update >>file6 &&
-	git add file6 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Rename file5 to file6 with changes" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
-	level=$(git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/R0*//") &&
-	test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 0 && test "$level" -lt 98 &&
-	git config git-p4.detectRenames $((level + 2)) &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file6 &&
-	! p4 filelog //depot/file6 | grep -q "branch from" &&
-
-	git mv file6 file7 &&
-	echo update >>file7 &&
-	git add file7 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Rename file6 to file7 with changes" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
-	level=$(git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/R0*//") &&
-	test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 2 && test "$level" -lt 100 &&
-	git config git-p4.detectRenames $((level - 2)) &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file7 &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file7 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file6"
-'
-
-# Copy a file and confirm that copy is not detected in P4.
-# Copy a file with detectCopies option enabled and confirm that copy is not
-# detected in P4.
-# Modify and copy a file with detectCopies option enabled and confirm that copy
-# is detected in P4.
-# Copy a file with detectCopies and detectCopiesHarder options enabled and
-# confirm that copy is detected in P4.
-# Modify and copy a file, configure a bigger threshold in detectCopies and
-# confirm that copy is not detected in P4.
-# Modify and copy a file, configure a smaller threshold in detectCopies and
-# confirm that copy is detected in P4.
-test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
-
-	cp file2 file8 &&
-	git add file8 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file8" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file8 &&
-	! p4 filelog //depot/file8 | grep -q "branch from" &&
-
-	cp file2 file9 &&
-	git add file9 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file9" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
-	git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file9 &&
-	! p4 filelog //depot/file9 | grep -q "branch from" &&
-
-	echo "file2" >>file2 &&
-	cp file2 file10 &&
-	git add file2 file10 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Modify and copy file2 to file10" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file10 &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file10 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
-
-	cp file2 file11 &&
-	git add file11 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file11" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
-	src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-	test "$src" = file10 &&
-	git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file11 &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file11 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
-
-	cp file2 file12 &&
-	echo "some text" >>file12 &&
-	git add file12 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file12 with changes" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
-	level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
-	test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 0 && test "$level" -lt 98 &&
-	src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-	test "$src" = file10 &&
-	git config git-p4.detectCopies $((level + 2)) &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file12 &&
-	! p4 filelog //depot/file12 | grep -q "branch from" &&
-
-	cp file2 file13 &&
-	echo "different text" >>file13 &&
-	git add file13 &&
-	git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file13 with changes" &&
-	git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
-	level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
-	test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 2 && test "$level" -lt 100 &&
-	src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
-	test "$src" = file10 &&
-	git config git-p4.detectCopies $((level - 2)) &&
-	"$GITP4" submit &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file13 &&
-	p4 filelog //depot/file13 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file"
-'
-
-# Create a simple branch structure in P4 depot to check if it is correctly
-# cloned.
-test_expect_success 'add simple p4 branches' '
-	cd "$cli" &&
-	mkdir branch1 &&
-	cd branch1 &&
-	echo file1 >file1 &&
-	echo file2 >file2 &&
-	p4 add file1 file2 &&
-	p4 submit -d "branch1" &&
-	p4 integrate //depot/branch1/... //depot/branch2/... &&
-	p4 submit -d "branch2" &&
-	echo file3 >file3 &&
-	p4 add file3 &&
-	p4 submit -d "add file3 in branch1" &&
-	p4 open file2 &&
-	echo update >>file2 &&
-	p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
-	p4 integrate //depot/branch1/... //depot/branch3/... &&
-	p4 submit -d "branch3" &&
-	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
-'
-
-# Configure branches through git-config and clone them.
-# All files are tested to make sure branches were cloned correctly.
-# Finally, make an update to branch1 on P4 side to check if it is imported
-# correctly by git-p4.
-test_expect_success 'git-p4 clone simple branches' '
-	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
-	test_create_repo "$git" &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
-	git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
-	"$GITP4" clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
-	git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
-	git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
-	test -f file1 &&
-	test -f file2 &&
-	test -f file3 &&
-	grep -q update file2 &&
-	git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
-	test -f file1 &&
-	test -f file2 &&
-	test ! -f file3 &&
-	! grep -q update file2 &&
-	git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
-	test -f file1 &&
-	test -f file2 &&
-	test -f file3 &&
-	grep -q update file2 &&
-	cd "$cli" &&
-	cd branch1 &&
-	p4 edit file2 &&
-	echo file2_ >>file2 &&
-	p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
-	cd "$git" &&
-	git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
-	"$GITP4" rebase &&
-	grep -q file2_ file2
-'
-
-test_expect_success 'shutdown' '
-	pid=`pgrep -f p4d` &&
-	test -n "$pid" &&
-	test_debug "ps wl `echo $pid`" &&
-	kill $pid
-'
-
-test_done
diff --git a/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh b/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..9730821
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9801-git-p4-branch.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,494 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 tests for p4 branches'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# 1: //depot/main/f1
+# 2: //depot/main/f2
+# 3: integrate //depot/main/... -> //depot/branch1/...
+# 4: //depot/main/f4
+# 5: //depot/branch1/f5
+# .: named branch branch2
+# 6: integrate -b branch2
+# 7: //depot/branch2/f7
+# 8: //depot/main/f8
+#
+test_expect_success 'basic p4 branches' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		echo f1 >main/f1 &&
+		p4 add main/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f1" &&
+
+		echo f2 >main/f2 &&
+		p4 add main/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f2" &&
+
+		p4 integrate //depot/main/... //depot/branch1/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "integrate main to branch1" &&
+
+		echo f4 >main/f4 &&
+		p4 add main/f4 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f4" &&
+
+		echo f5 >branch1/f5 &&
+		p4 add branch1/f5 &&
+		p4 submit -d "branch1/f5" &&
+
+		p4 branch -i <<-EOF &&
+		Branch: branch2
+		View: //depot/main/... //depot/branch2/...
+		EOF
+
+		p4 integrate -b branch2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "integrate main to branch2" &&
+
+		echo f7 >branch2/f7 &&
+		p4 add branch2/f7 &&
+		p4 submit -d "branch2/f7" &&
+
+		echo f8 >main/f8 &&
+		p4 add main/f8 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f8"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import main, no branch detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/main@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 4 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import branch1, no branch detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/branch1@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 2 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import branch2, no branch detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/branch2@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 2 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import depot, no branch detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 8 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import depot, branch detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+
+		# 4 main commits
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 4 wc &&
+
+		# 3 main, 1 integrate, 1 on branch2
+		git rev-list p4/depot/branch2 >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 5 wc &&
+
+		# no branch1, since no p4 branch created for it
+		test_must_fail git show-ref p4/depot/branch1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'import depot, branch detection, branchList branch definition' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList main:branch1 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+
+		git log --oneline --graph --decorate --all &&
+
+		# 4 main commits
+		git rev-list master >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 4 wc &&
+
+		# 3 main, 1 integrate, 1 on branch2
+		git rev-list p4/depot/branch2 >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 5 wc &&
+
+		# 2 main, 1 integrate, 1 on branch1
+		git rev-list p4/depot/branch1 >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 4 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'restart p4d' '
+	kill_p4d &&
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# 1: //depot/branch1/file1
+#    //depot/branch1/file2
+# 2: integrate //depot/branch1/... -> //depot/branch2/...
+# 3: //depot/branch1/file3
+# 4: //depot/branch1/file2 (edit)
+# 5: integrate //depot/branch1/... -> //depot/branch3/...
+#
+## Create a simple branch structure in P4 depot.
+test_expect_success 'add simple p4 branches' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir branch1 &&
+		cd branch1 &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		p4 add file1 file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Create branch1" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/... //depot/branch2/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch2 from branch1" &&
+		echo file3 >file3 &&
+		p4 add file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "add file3 in branch1" &&
+		p4 open file2 &&
+		echo update >>file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/... //depot/branch3/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch3 from branch1"
+	)
+'
+
+# Configure branches through git-config and clone them.
+# All files are tested to make sure branches were cloned correctly.
+# Finally, make an update to branch1 on P4 side to check if it is imported
+# correctly by git p4.
+test_expect_success 'git p4 clone simple branches' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test -f file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test ! -f file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
+		test -f file1 &&
+		test -f file2 &&
+		test -f file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		cd branch1 &&
+		p4 edit file2 &&
+		echo file2_ >>file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "update file2 in branch1" &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		git p4 rebase &&
+		grep file2_ file2
+	)
+'
+
+# Create a complex branch structure in P4 depot to check if they are correctly
+# cloned. The branches are created from older changelists to check if git p4 is
+# able to correctly detect them.
+# The final expected structure is:
+# `branch1
+# | `- file1
+# | `- file2 (updated)
+# | `- file3
+# `branch2
+# | `- file1
+# | `- file2
+# `branch3
+# | `- file1
+# | `- file2 (updated)
+# | `- file3
+# `branch4
+# | `- file1
+# | `- file2
+# `branch5
+#   `- file1
+#   `- file2
+#   `- file3
+test_expect_success 'git p4 add complex branches' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		changelist=$(p4 changes -m1 //depot/... | cut -d" " -f2) &&
+		changelist=$(($changelist - 5)) &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/...@$changelist //depot/branch4/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch4 from branch1@${changelist}" &&
+		changelist=$(($changelist + 2)) &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/...@$changelist //depot/branch5/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate branch5 from branch1@${changelist}"
+	)
+'
+
+# Configure branches through git-config and clone them. git p4 will only be able
+# to clone the original structure if it is able to detect the origin changelist
+# of each branch.
+test_expect_success 'git p4 clone complex branches' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch4 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch5 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch4 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch5 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/git-p4-tmp
+	)
+'
+
+# Move branch3/file3 to branch4/file3 in a single changelist
+test_expect_success 'git p4 submit to two branches in a single changelist' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch3/file3 //depot/branch4/file3 &&
+		p4 delete //depot/branch3/file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Move branch3/file3 to branch4/file3"
+	)
+'
+
+# Confirm that changes to two branches done in a single changelist
+# are correctly imported by git p4
+test_expect_success 'git p4 sync changes to two branches in the same changelist' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch4 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch5 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch4 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch5 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing .git/git-p4-tmp
+	)
+'
+
+# Create a branch by integrating a single file
+test_expect_success 'git p4 file subset branch' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 integrate //depot/branch1/file1 //depot/branch6/file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "Integrate file1 alone from branch1 to branch6"
+	)
+'
+
+# Check if git p4 creates a new branch containing a single file,
+# instead of keeping the old files from the original branch
+test_expect_failure 'git p4 clone file subset branch' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.branchList branch1:branch2 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch3 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch4 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch5 &&
+		git config --add git-p4.branchList branch1:branch6 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch3 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3 &&
+		grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch4 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch5 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3 &&
+		! grep update file2 &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch6 &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file3
+	)
+'
+
+# From a report in http://stackoverflow.com/questions/11893688
+# where --use-client-spec caused branch prefixes not to be removed;
+# every file in git appeared into a subdirectory of the branch name.
+test_expect_success 'use-client-spec detect-branches setup' '
+	rm -rf "$cli" &&
+	mkdir "$cli" &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		client_view "//depot/usecs/... //client/..." &&
+		mkdir b1 &&
+		echo b1/b1-file1 >b1/b1-file1 &&
+		p4 add b1/b1-file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "b1/b1-file1" &&
+
+		p4 integrate //depot/usecs/b1/... //depot/usecs/b2/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "b1 -> b2" &&
+		p4 branch -i <<-EOF &&
+		Branch: b2
+		View: //depot/usecs/b1/... //depot/usecs/b2/...
+		EOF
+
+		echo b2/b2-file2 >b2/b2-file2 &&
+		p4 add b2/b2-file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "b2/b2-file2"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use-client-spec detect-branches files in top-level' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --detect-branches --use-client-spec //depot/usecs@all &&
+		git checkout -b master p4/usecs/b1 &&
+		test_path_is_file b1-file1 &&
+		test_path_is_missing b2-file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing b1 &&
+		test_path_is_missing b2 &&
+
+		git checkout -b b2 p4/usecs/b2 &&
+		test_path_is_file b1-file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file b2-file2 &&
+		test_path_is_missing b1 &&
+		test_path_is_missing b2
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use-client-spec detect-branches skips branches setup' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		p4 integrate //depot/usecs/b1/... //depot/usecs/b3/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "b1 -> b3" &&
+		p4 branch -i <<-EOF &&
+		Branch: b3
+		View: //depot/usecs/b1/... //depot/usecs/b3/...
+		EOF
+
+		echo b3/b3-file3 >b3/b3-file3 &&
+		p4 add b3/b3-file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "b3/b3-file3"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use-client-spec detect-branches skips branches' '
+	client_view "//depot/usecs/... //client/..." \
+		    "-//depot/usecs/b3/... //client/b3/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --detect-branches --use-client-spec //depot/usecs@all &&
+		test_must_fail git rev-parse refs/remotes/p4/usecs/b3
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..eeefa67
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9802-git-p4-filetype.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 filetype tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# This series of tests checks newline handling  Both p4 and
+# git store newlines as \n, and have options to choose how
+# newlines appear in checked-out files.
+#
+test_expect_success 'p4 client newlines, unix' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		printf "unix\ncrlf\n" >f-unix &&
+		printf "unix\r\ncrlf\r\n" >f-unix-as-crlf &&
+		p4 add -t text f-unix &&
+		p4 submit -d f-unix &&
+
+		# LineEnd: unix; should be no change after sync
+		cp f-unix f-unix-orig &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-orig f-unix &&
+
+		# make sure stored in repo as unix newlines
+		# use sed to eat python-appened newline
+		p4 -G print //depot/f-unix | marshal_dump data 2 |\
+		    sed \$d >f-unix-p4-print &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-orig f-unix-p4-print &&
+
+		# switch to win, make sure lf -> crlf
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:win/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-unix-as-crlf f-unix
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'p4 client newlines, win' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:win/" | p4 client -i &&
+		printf "win\r\ncrlf\r\n" >f-win &&
+		printf "win\ncrlf\n" >f-win-as-lf &&
+		p4 add -t text f-win &&
+		p4 submit -d f-win &&
+
+		# LineEnd: win; should be no change after sync
+		cp f-win f-win-orig &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-win-orig f-win &&
+
+		# make sure stored in repo as unix newlines
+		# use sed to eat python-appened newline
+		p4 -G print //depot/f-win | marshal_dump data 2 |\
+		    sed \$d >f-win-p4-print &&
+		test_cmp f-win-as-lf f-win-p4-print &&
+
+		# switch to unix, make sure lf -> crlf
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f &&
+		test_cmp f-win-as-lf f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'ensure blobs store only lf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+
+		# verify the files in .git are stored only with newlines
+		o=$(git ls-tree p4/master -- f-unix | cut -f1 | cut -d\  -f3) &&
+		git cat-file blob $o >f-unix-blob &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-orig f-unix-blob &&
+
+		o=$(git ls-tree p4/master -- f-win | cut -f1 | cut -d\  -f3) &&
+		git cat-file blob $o >f-win-blob &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-as-lf f-win-blob &&
+
+		rm f-unix-blob f-win-blob
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitattributes setting eol=lf produces lf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		# checkout the files and make sure core.eol works as planned
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "* eol=lf" >.gitattributes &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-orig f-unix &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-as-lf f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitattributes setting eol=crlf produces crlf newlines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		# checkout the files and make sure core.eol works as planned
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		echo "* eol=crlf" >.gitattributes &&
+		git p4 sync //depot@all &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-unix-as-crlf f-unix &&
+		test_cmp "$cli"/f-win-orig f-win
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'crlf cleanup' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		rm f-unix-orig f-unix-as-crlf &&
+		rm f-win-orig f-win-as-lf &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		p4 sync -f
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'utf-16 file create' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		# p4 saves this verbatim
+		printf "three\nline\ntext\n" >f-ascii &&
+		p4 add -t text f-ascii &&
+
+		# p4 adds \377\376 header
+		cp f-ascii f-ascii-as-utf16 &&
+		p4 add -t utf16 f-ascii-as-utf16 &&
+
+		# p4 saves this exactly as iconv produced it
+		printf "three\nline\ntext\n" | iconv -f ascii -t utf-16 >f-utf16 &&
+		p4 add -t utf16 f-utf16 &&
+
+		# this also is unchanged
+		cp f-utf16 f-utf16-as-text &&
+		p4 add -t text f-utf16-as-text &&
+
+		p4 submit -d "f files" &&
+
+		# force update of client files
+		p4 sync -f
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'utf-16 file test' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		test_cmp "$cli/f-ascii" f-ascii &&
+		test_cmp "$cli/f-ascii-as-utf16" f-ascii-as-utf16 &&
+		test_cmp "$cli/f-utf16" f-utf16 &&
+		test_cmp "$cli/f-utf16-as-text" f-utf16-as-text
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'keyword file create' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		printf "id\n\$Id\$\n\$Author\$\ntext\n" >k-text-k &&
+		p4 add -t text+k k-text-k &&
+
+		cp k-text-k k-text-ko &&
+		p4 add -t text+ko k-text-ko &&
+
+		cat k-text-k | iconv -f ascii -t utf-16 >k-utf16-k &&
+		p4 add -t utf16+k k-utf16-k &&
+
+		cp k-utf16-k k-utf16-ko &&
+		p4 add -t utf16+ko k-utf16-ko &&
+
+		p4 submit -d "k files" &&
+		p4 sync -f
+	)
+'
+
+build_smush() {
+	cat >k_smush.py <<-\EOF &&
+	import re, sys
+	sys.stdout.write(re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$]*\$', r'$\1$', sys.stdin.read()))
+	EOF
+	cat >ko_smush.py <<-\EOF
+	import re, sys
+	sys.stdout.write(re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$', r'$\1$', sys.stdin.read()))
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'keyword file test' '
+	build_smush &&
+	test_when_finished rm -f k_smush.py ko_smush.py &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		# text, ensure unexpanded
+		"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/k_smush.py" <"$cli/k-text-k" >cli-k-text-k-smush &&
+		test_cmp cli-k-text-k-smush k-text-k &&
+		"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ko_smush.py" <"$cli/k-text-ko" >cli-k-text-ko-smush &&
+		test_cmp cli-k-text-ko-smush k-text-ko &&
+
+		# utf16, even though p4 expands keywords, git p4 does not
+		# try to undo that
+		test_cmp "$cli/k-utf16-k" k-utf16-k &&
+		test_cmp "$cli/k-utf16-ko" k-utf16-ko
+	)
+'
+
+build_gendouble() {
+	cat >gendouble.py <<-\EOF
+	import sys
+	import struct
+
+	s = struct.pack(">LL18s",
+			0x00051607,  # AppleDouble
+			0x00020000,  # version 2
+			""           # pad to 26 bytes
+	)
+	sys.stdout.write(s)
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'ignore apple' '
+	test_when_finished rm -f gendouble.py &&
+	build_gendouble &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test-genrandom apple 1024 >double.png &&
+		"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/gendouble.py" >%double.png &&
+		p4 add -t apple double.png &&
+		p4 submit -d appledouble
+	) &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test ! -f double.png
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh b/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..fbacff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9803-git-p4-shell-metachars.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,112 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 transparency to shell metachars in filenames'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file1"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'shell metachars in filenames' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		echo f1 >foo\$bar &&
+		git add foo\$bar &&
+		echo f2 >"file with spaces" &&
+		git add "file with spaces" &&
+		git commit -m "add files" &&
+		P4EDITOR=touch git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		test -e "file with spaces" &&
+		test -e "foo\$bar"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'deleting with shell metachars' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		git rm foo\$bar &&
+		git rm file\ with\ spaces &&
+		git commit -m "remove files" &&
+		P4EDITOR=touch git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		test ! -e "file with spaces" &&
+		test ! -e foo\$bar
+	)
+'
+
+# Create a branch with a shell metachar in its name
+#
+# 1. //depot/main
+# 2. //depot/branch$3
+
+test_expect_success 'branch with shell char' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_create_repo "$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		echo f1 >main/f1 &&
+		p4 add main/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f1" &&
+
+		p4 integrate //depot/main/... //depot/branch\$3/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "integrate main to branch\$3" &&
+
+		echo f1 >branch\$3/shell_char_branch_file &&
+		p4 add branch\$3/shell_char_branch_file &&
+		p4 submit -d "branch\$3/shell_char_branch_file" &&
+
+		p4 branch -i <<-EOF &&
+		Branch: branch\$3
+		View: //depot/main/... //depot/branch\$3/...
+		EOF
+
+		p4 edit main/f1 &&
+		echo "a change" >> main/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "a change" main/f1 &&
+
+		p4 integrate -b branch\$3 &&
+		p4 resolve -am branch\$3/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "integrate main to branch\$3" &&
+
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		git config git-p4.branchList main:branch\$3 &&
+		git p4 clone --dest=. --detect-branches //depot@all &&
+		git log --all --graph --decorate --stat &&
+		git reset --hard p4/depot/branch\$3 &&
+		test -f shell_char_branch_file &&
+		test -f f1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9804-git-p4-label.sh b/t/t9804-git-p4-label.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..e30f80e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9804-git-p4-label.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 label tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+# Basic p4 label tests.
+#
+# Note: can't have more than one label per commit - others
+# are silently discarded.
+#
+test_expect_success 'basic p4 labels' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		echo f1 >main/f1 &&
+		p4 add main/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f1" &&
+
+		echo f2 >main/f2 &&
+		p4 add main/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f2" &&
+
+		echo f3 >main/file_with_\$metachar &&
+		p4 add main/file_with_\$metachar &&
+		p4 submit -d "file with metachar" &&
+
+		p4 tag -l tag_f1_only main/f1 &&
+		p4 tag -l tag_with\$_shell_char main/... &&
+
+		echo f4 >main/f4 &&
+		p4 add main/f4 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f4" &&
+
+		p4 label -i <<-EOF &&
+		Label: long_label
+		Description:
+		   A Label first line
+		   A Label second line
+		View:	//depot/...
+		EOF
+
+		p4 tag -l long_label ... &&
+
+		p4 labels ... &&
+
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" --detect-labels //depot@all &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		git tag &&
+		git tag >taglist &&
+		test_line_count = 3 taglist &&
+
+		cd main &&
+		git checkout tag_tag_f1_only &&
+		! test -f f2 &&
+		git checkout tag_tag_with\$_shell_char &&
+		test -f f1 && test -f f2 && test -f file_with_\$metachar &&
+
+		git show tag_long_label | grep -q "A Label second line"
+	)
+'
+
+# Test some label corner cases:
+#
+# - two tags on the same file; both should be available
+# - a tag that is only on one file; this kind of tag
+#   cannot be imported (at least not easily).
+
+test_expect_failure 'two labels on the same changelist' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		p4 edit main/f1 main/f2 &&
+		echo "hello world" >main/f1 &&
+		echo "not in the tag" >main/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f[12]: testing two labels" &&
+
+		p4 tag -l tag_f1_1 main/... &&
+		p4 tag -l tag_f1_2 main/... &&
+
+		p4 labels ... &&
+
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" --detect-labels //depot@all &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+
+		git tag | grep tag_f1 &&
+		git tag | grep -q tag_f1_1 &&
+		git tag | grep -q tag_f1_2 &&
+
+		cd main &&
+
+		git checkout tag_tag_f1_1 &&
+		ls &&
+		test -f f1 &&
+
+		git checkout tag_tag_f1_2 &&
+		ls &&
+		test -f f1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh b/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..ff2cc79
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9805-git-p4-skip-submit-edit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 skipSubmitEdit config variables'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1"
+	)
+'
+
+# this works because EDITOR is set to :
+test_expect_success 'no config, unedited, say yes' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "change 2" &&
+		echo y | git p4 submit &&
+		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 2 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'no config, unedited, say no' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "change 3 (not really)" &&
+		printf "bad response\nn\n" | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit &&
+		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 2 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'skipSubmitEdit' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# will fail if editor is even invoked
+		git config core.editor /bin/false &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "change 3" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 3 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'skipSubmitEditCheck' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "change 4" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 4 wc
+	)
+'
+
+# check the normal case, where the template really is edited
+test_expect_success 'no config, edited' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_when_finished "rm ed.sh" &&
+	cat >ed.sh <<-EOF &&
+		#!$SHELL_PATH
+		sleep 1
+		touch "\$1"
+		exit 0
+	EOF
+	chmod 755 ed.sh &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git commit -a -m "change 5" &&
+		P4EDITOR="" EDITOR="\"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/ed.sh\"" git p4 submit &&
+		p4 changes //depot/... >wc &&
+		test_line_count = 5 wc
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..254d428
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9806-git-p4-options.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 options'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1" &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		p4 add file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 2" &&
+		echo file3 >file3 &&
+		p4 add file3 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 3"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone no --git-dir' '
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --git-dir=xx //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --branch should checkout master' '
+	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rev-parse refs/remotes/p4/sb >sb &&
+		git rev-parse refs/heads/master >master &&
+		test_cmp sb master &&
+		git rev-parse HEAD >head &&
+		test_cmp sb head
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync when no master branch prints a nice error' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot@2 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 sync 2>err &&
+		grep "Error: no branch refs/remotes/p4/master" err
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync --branch builds the full ref name correctly' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+
+		git p4 sync --branch=b1 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/b1 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=p4/b2 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/b2 &&
+
+		git p4 sync --import-local --branch=h1 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p4/h1 &&
+		git p4 sync --import-local --branch=p4/h2 //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/heads/p4/h2 &&
+
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/stuff //depot &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/stuff
+	)
+'
+
+# engages --detect-branches code, which will do filename filtering so
+# no sync to either b1 or b2
+test_expect_success 'sync when two branches but no master should noop' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/b1 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=refs/remotes/p4/b2 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b1 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b2 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'sync --branch updates specific branch, no detection' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git init &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b1 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 //depot@2 &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b1 >show &&
+		grep "Initial import" show &&
+		git show -s --format=%s refs/remotes/p4/b2 >show &&
+		grep "change 3" show
+	)
+'
+
+# allows using the refname "p4" as a short name for p4/master
+test_expect_success 'clone creates HEAD symbolic reference' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/master >master &&
+		git rev-parse --verify p4 >p4 &&
+		test_cmp master p4
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --branch creates HEAD symbolic reference' '
+	git p4 clone --branch=refs/remotes/p4/sb --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rev-parse --verify refs/remotes/p4/sb >sb &&
+		git rev-parse --verify p4 >p4 &&
+		test_cmp sb p4
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --changesfile' '
+	test_when_finished "rm cf" &&
+	printf "1\n3\n" >cf &&
+	git p4 clone --changesfile="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cf" --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_missing file2 &&
+		test_path_is_file file3
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --changesfile, @all' '
+	test_when_finished "rm cf" &&
+	printf "1\n3\n" >cf &&
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --changesfile="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cf" --dest="$git" //depot@all
+'
+
+# imports both master and p4/master in refs/heads
+# requires --import-local on sync to find p4 refs/heads
+# does not update master on sync, just p4/master
+test_expect_success 'clone/sync --import-local' '
+	git p4 clone --import-local --dest="$git" //depot@1,2 &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline refs/heads/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+		git log --oneline refs/heads/p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 sync &&
+
+		git p4 sync --import-local &&
+		git log --oneline refs/heads/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines &&
+		git log --oneline refs/heads/p4/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 3 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --max-changes' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --max-changes 2 //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git log --oneline refs/heads/master >lines &&
+		test_line_count = 2 lines
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'clone --keep-path' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p sub/dir &&
+		echo f4 >sub/dir/f4 &&
+		p4 add sub/dir/f4 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 4"
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" --keep-path //depot/sub/dir@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_path_is_missing f4 &&
+		test_path_is_file sub/dir/f4
+	) &&
+	cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot/sub/dir@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_path_is_file f4 &&
+		test_path_is_missing sub/dir/f4
+	)
+'
+
+# clone --use-client-spec must still specify a depot path
+# if given, it should rearrange files according to client spec
+# when it has view lines that match the depot path
+# XXX: should clone/sync just use the client spec exactly, rather
+# than needing depot paths?
+test_expect_success 'clone --use-client-spec' '
+	(
+		# big usage message
+		exec >/dev/null &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 clone --dest="$git" --use-client-spec
+	) &&
+	# build a different client
+	cli2="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/cli2" &&
+	mkdir -p "$cli2" &&
+	test_when_finished "rmdir \"$cli2\"" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		# group P4CLIENT and cli changes in a sub-shell
+		P4CLIENT=client2 &&
+		cli="$cli2" &&
+		client_view "//depot/sub/... //client2/bus/..." &&
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" --use-client-spec //depot/... &&
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
+			test_path_is_missing file1
+		) &&
+		cleanup_git &&
+		# same thing again, this time with variable instead of option
+		(
+			cd "$git" &&
+			git init &&
+			git config git-p4.useClientSpec true &&
+			git p4 sync //depot/... &&
+			git checkout -b master p4/master &&
+			test_path_is_file bus/dir/f4 &&
+			test_path_is_missing file1
+		)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit works with no p4/master' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=b1 //depot@1,2 --destination="$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit submit-1-branch &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --branch=b1
+	)
+'
+
+# The sync/rebase part post-submit will engage detect-branches
+# machinery which will not do anything in this particular test.
+test_expect_success 'submit works with two branches' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --branch=b1 //depot@1,2 --destination="$git" &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --branch=b2 //depot@1,3 &&
+		test_commit submit-2-branches &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1fb7bc7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9807-git-p4-submit.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,419 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 submit'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'is_cli_file_writeable function' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo a >a &&
+		is_cli_file_writeable a &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file1 &&
+		rm a
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit with no client dir' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		git add file2 &&
+		git commit -m "git commit 2" &&
+		rm -rf "$cli" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_path_is_file file2
+	)
+'
+
+# make two commits, but tell it to apply only from HEAD^
+test_expect_success 'submit --origin' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file3" &&
+		test_commit "file4" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit --origin=HEAD^
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "file3.t" &&
+		test_path_is_file "file4.t"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --dry-run' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "dry-run1" &&
+		test_commit "dry-run2" &&
+		git p4 submit --dry-run >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Would apply" out
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "dry-run1.t" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "dry-run2.t"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --dry-run --export-labels' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo dry-run1 >dry-run1 &&
+		git add dry-run1 &&
+		git commit -m "dry-run1" dry-run1 &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		echo dry-run2 >dry-run2 &&
+		git add dry-run2 &&
+		git commit -m "dry-run2" dry-run2 &&
+		git tag -m "dry-run-tag1" dry-run-tag1 HEAD^ &&
+		git p4 submit --dry-run --export-labels >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Would create p4 label" out
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file "dry-run1" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "dry-run2"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit with allowSubmit' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file5" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.allowSubmit "nobranch" &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit &&
+		git config git-p4.allowSubmit "nobranch,master" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit with master branch name from argv' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_commit "file6" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit nobranch &&
+		git branch otherbranch &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^ &&
+		test_commit "file7" &&
+		git p4 submit otherbranch
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file "file6.t" &&
+		test_path_is_missing "file7.t"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Basic submit tests, the five handled cases
+#
+
+test_expect_success 'submit modify' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo line >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m file1 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file file1 &&
+		test_line_count = 2 file1
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit add' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo file13 >file13 &&
+		git add file13 &&
+		git commit -m file13 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file file13
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit delete' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git rm file4.t &&
+		git commit -m "delete file4.t" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing file4.t
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit copy' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
+		cp file5.t file5.ta &&
+		git add file5.ta &&
+		git commit -m "copy to file5.ta" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file file5.ta &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file5.ta
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit rename' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git mv file6.t file6.ta &&
+		git commit -m "rename file6.t to file6.ta" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing file6.t &&
+		test_path_is_file file6.ta &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable file6.ta
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Converting git commit message to p4 change description, including
+# parsing out the optional Jobs: line.
+#
+test_expect_success 'simple one-line description' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo desc2 >desc2 &&
+		git add desc2 &&
+		cat >msg <<-EOF &&
+		One-line description line for desc2.
+		EOF
+		git commit -F - <msg &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		# marshal_dump always adds a newline
+		p4 -G describe $change | marshal_dump desc | sed \$d >pmsg &&
+		test_cmp msg pmsg
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'description with odd formatting' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo desc3 >desc3 &&
+		git add desc3 &&
+		(
+			printf "subject line\n\n\tExtra tab\nline.\n\n" &&
+			printf "Description:\n\tBogus description marker\n\n" &&
+			# git commit eats trailing newlines; only use one
+			printf "Files:\n\tBogus descs marker\n"
+		) >msg &&
+		git commit -F - <msg &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		# marshal_dump always adds a newline
+		p4 -G describe $change | marshal_dump desc | sed \$d >pmsg &&
+		test_cmp msg pmsg
+	)
+'
+
+make_job() {
+	name="$1" &&
+	tab="$(printf \\t)" &&
+	p4 job -o | \
+	sed -e "/^Job:/s/.*/Job: $name/" \
+	    -e "/^Description/{ n; s/.*/$tab job text/; }" | \
+	p4 job -i
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'description with Jobs section at end' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo desc4 >desc4 &&
+		git add desc4 &&
+		echo 6060842 >jobname &&
+		(
+			printf "subject line\n\n\tExtra tab\nline.\n\n" &&
+			printf "Files:\n\tBogus files marker\n" &&
+			printf "Junk: 3164175\n" &&
+			printf "Jobs: $(cat jobname)\n"
+		) >msg &&
+		git commit -F - <msg &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# build a job
+		make_job $(cat jobname) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		# marshal_dump always adds a newline
+		p4 -G describe $change | marshal_dump desc | sed \$d >pmsg &&
+		# make sure Jobs line and all following is gone
+		sed "/^Jobs:/,\$d" msg >jmsg &&
+		test_cmp jmsg pmsg &&
+		# make sure p4 knows about job
+		p4 -G describe $change | marshal_dump job0 >job0 &&
+		test_cmp jobname job0
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'description with Jobs and values on separate lines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo desc5 >desc5 &&
+		git add desc5 &&
+		echo PROJ-6060842 >jobname1 &&
+		echo PROJ-6060847 >jobname2 &&
+		(
+			printf "subject line\n\n\tExtra tab\nline.\n\n" &&
+			printf "Files:\n\tBogus files marker\n" &&
+			printf "Junk: 3164175\n" &&
+			printf "Jobs:\n" &&
+			printf "\t$(cat jobname1)\n" &&
+			printf "\t$(cat jobname2)\n"
+		) >msg &&
+		git commit -F - <msg &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# build two jobs
+		make_job $(cat jobname1) &&
+		make_job $(cat jobname2) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		change=$(p4 -G changes -m 1 //depot/... | \
+			 marshal_dump change) &&
+		# marshal_dump always adds a newline
+		p4 -G describe $change | marshal_dump desc | sed \$d >pmsg &&
+		# make sure Jobs line and all following is gone
+		sed "/^Jobs:/,\$d" msg >jmsg &&
+		test_cmp jmsg pmsg &&
+		# make sure p4 knows about the two jobs
+		p4 -G describe $change >change &&
+		(
+			marshal_dump job0 <change &&
+			marshal_dump job1 <change
+		) | sort >jobs &&
+		cat jobname1 jobname2 | sort >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected jobs
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'description with Jobs section and bogus following text' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo desc6 >desc6 &&
+		git add desc6 &&
+		echo 6060843 >jobname &&
+		(
+			printf "subject line\n\n\tExtra tab\nline.\n\n" &&
+			printf "Files:\n\tBogus files marker\n" &&
+			printf "Junk: 3164175\n" &&
+			printf "Jobs: $(cat jobname)\n" &&
+			printf "MoreJunk: 3711\n"
+		) >msg &&
+		git commit -F - <msg &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# build a job
+		make_job $(cat jobname) &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 submit 2>err &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Unknown field name" err
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert desc6 &&
+		rm desc6
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'submit --prepare-p4-only' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo prep-only-add >prep-only-add &&
+		git add prep-only-add &&
+		git commit -m "prep only add" &&
+		git p4 submit --prepare-p4-only >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "prepared for submission" out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "must be deleted" out
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file prep-only-add &&
+		p4 fstat -T action prep-only-add | grep -w add
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh b/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..dc92e60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9808-git-p4-chdir.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 relative chdir'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "change 1"
+	)
+'
+
+# P4 reads from P4CONFIG file to find its server params, if the
+# environment variable is set
+test_expect_success 'P4CONFIG and absolute dir clone' '
+	printf "P4PORT=$P4PORT\nP4CLIENT=$P4CLIENT\n" >p4config &&
+	test_when_finished "rm p4config" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		P4CONFIG=p4config && export P4CONFIG &&
+		sane_unset P4PORT P4CLIENT &&
+		git p4 clone --verbose --dest="$git" //depot
+	)
+'
+
+# same thing, but with relative directory name, note missing $ on --dest
+test_expect_success 'P4CONFIG and relative dir clone' '
+	printf "P4PORT=$P4PORT\nP4CLIENT=$P4CLIENT\n" >p4config &&
+	test_when_finished "rm p4config" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		P4CONFIG=p4config && export P4CONFIG &&
+		sane_unset P4PORT P4CLIENT &&
+		git p4 clone --verbose --dest="git" //depot
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh b/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..77f6349
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9809-git-p4-client-view.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,843 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 client view'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# Verify these files exist, exactly.  Caller creates
+# a list of files in file "files".
+#
+check_files_exist() {
+	ok=0 &&
+	num=$# &&
+	for arg ; do
+		test_path_is_file "$arg" &&
+		ok=$(($ok + 1))
+	done &&
+	test $ok -eq $num &&
+	test_line_count = $num files
+}
+
+#
+# Sync up the p4 client, make sure the given files (and only
+# those) exist.
+#
+client_verify() {
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		find . -type f ! -name files >files &&
+		check_files_exist "$@"
+	)
+}
+
+#
+# Make sure the named files, exactly, exist.
+#
+git_verify() {
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git ls-files >files &&
+		check_files_exist "$@"
+	)
+}
+
+# //depot
+#   - dir1
+#     - file11
+#     - file12
+#   - dir2
+#     - file21
+#     - file22
+init_depot() {
+	for d in 1 2 ; do
+		mkdir -p dir$d &&
+		for f in 1 2 ; do
+			echo dir$d/file$d$f >dir$d/file$d$f &&
+			p4 add dir$d/file$d$f &&
+			p4 submit -d "dir$d/file$d$f"
+		done
+	done &&
+	find . -type f ! -name files >files &&
+	check_files_exist dir1/file11 dir1/file12 \
+			  dir2/file21 dir2/file22
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		init_depot
+	)
+'
+
+# double % for printf
+test_expect_success 'unsupported view wildcard %%n' '
+	client_view "//depot/%%%%1/sub/... //client/sub/%%%%1/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'unsupported view wildcard *' '
+	client_view "//depot/*/bar/... //client/*/bar/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard ... only supported at end of spec 1' '
+	client_view "//depot/.../file11 //client/.../file11" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard ... only supported at end of spec 2' '
+	client_view "//depot/.../a/... //client/.../a/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	test_must_fail git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic map' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli1/..." &&
+	files="cli1/file11 cli1/file12" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'client view with no mappings' '
+	client_view &&
+	client_verify &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'single file map' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/file11 //client/file11" &&
+	files="file11" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'later mapping takes precedence (entire repo)' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli1/..." \
+		    "//depot/... //client/cli2/..." &&
+	files="cli2/dir1/file11 cli2/dir1/file12
+	       cli2/dir2/file21 cli2/dir2/file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'later mapping takes precedence (partial repo)' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file21 file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+# Reading the view backwards,
+#   dir2 goes to cli12
+#   dir1 cannot go to cli12 since it was filled by dir2
+#   dir1 also does not go to cli3, since the second rule
+#     noticed that it matched, but was already filled
+test_expect_success 'depot path matching rejected client path' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli3/..." \
+		    "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli12/..." \
+		    "//depot/dir2/... //client/cli12/..." &&
+	files="cli12/file21 cli12/file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+# since both have the same //client/..., the exclusion
+# rule keeps everything out
+test_expect_success 'exclusion wildcard, client rhs same (odd)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." \
+		    "-//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	client_verify &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exclusion wildcard, client rhs different (normal)' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." \
+		    "-//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." &&
+	files="dir1/file11 dir1/file12" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exclusion single file' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." \
+		    "-//depot/dir2/file22 //client/file22" &&
+	files="dir1/file11 dir1/file12 dir2/file21" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay wildcard' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/cli/..." &&
+	files="cli/file11 cli/file12 cli/file21 cli/file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay single file' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/cli/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/file21 //client/cli/file21" &&
+	files="cli/file11 cli/file12 cli/file21" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'exclusion with later inclusion' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." \
+		    "-//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." \
+		    "//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2incl/..." &&
+	files="dir1/file11 dir1/file12 dir2incl/file21 dir2incl/file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quotes on rhs only' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... \"//client/cdir 1/...\"" &&
+	client_verify "cdir 1/file11" "cdir 1/file12" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify "cdir 1/file11" "cdir 1/file12"
+'
+
+#
+# Submit tests
+#
+
+# clone sets variable
+test_expect_success 'clone --use-client-spec sets useClientSpec' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config --bool git-p4.useClientSpec >actual &&
+		echo true >true &&
+		test_cmp actual true
+	)
+'
+
+# clone just a subdir of the client spec
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	files="dir1/file11 dir1/file12 dir2/file21 dir2/file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	git_verify dir1/file11 dir1/file12
+'
+
+#
+# submit back, see what happens:  five cases
+#
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit modify' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo line >>dir1/file12 &&
+		git add dir1/file12 &&
+		git commit -m dir1/file12 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/file12 &&
+		test_line_count = 2 dir1/file12
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit add' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo file13 >dir1/file13 &&
+		git add dir1/file13 &&
+		git commit -m dir1/file13 &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/file13
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit delete' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git rm dir1/file12 &&
+		git commit -m "delete dir1/file12" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing dir1/file12
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit copy' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		cp dir1/file11 dir1/file11a &&
+		git add dir1/file11a &&
+		git commit -m "copy to dir1/file11a" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/file11a &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable dir1/file11a
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'subdir clone, submit rename' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git mv dir1/file13 dir1/file13a &&
+		git commit -m "rename dir1/file13 to dir1/file13a" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing dir1/file13 &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/file13a &&
+		! is_cli_file_writeable dir1/file13a
+	)
+'
+
+# see t9800 for the non-client-spec case, and the rest of the wildcard tests
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, client-spec case' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot/dir1 &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo git-wild-hash >dir1/git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo git-wild-star >dir1/git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		echo git-wild-at >dir1/git-wild@at &&
+		echo git-wild-percent >dir1/git-wild%percent &&
+		git add dir1/git-wild* &&
+		git commit -m "add some wildcard filenames" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild@at &&
+		test_path_is_file dir1/git-wild%percent
+	) &&
+	(
+		# delete these carefully, cannot just do "p4 delete"
+		# on files with wildcards; but git-p4 knows how
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rm dir1/git-wild* &&
+		git commit -m "clean up the wildcards" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'reinit depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		rm files &&
+		p4 delete */* &&
+		p4 submit -d "delete all files" &&
+		init_depot
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# What happens when two files of the same name are overlayed together?
+# The last-listed file should take preference.
+#
+# //depot
+#   - dir1
+#     - file11
+#     - file12
+#     - filecollide
+#   - dir2
+#     - file21
+#     - file22
+#     - filecollide
+#
+test_expect_success 'overlay collision setup' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir1/filecollide >dir1/filecollide &&
+		p4 add dir1/filecollide &&
+		p4 submit -d dir1/filecollide &&
+		echo dir2/filecollide >dir2/filecollide &&
+		p4 add dir2/filecollide &&
+		p4 submit -d dir2/filecollide
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay collision 1 to 2' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 filecollide" &&
+	echo dir2/filecollide >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/filecollide &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/filecollide
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'overlay collision 2 to 1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir1/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 filecollide" &&
+	echo dir1/filecollide >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/filecollide &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/filecollide
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay collision delete 2' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		p4 delete dir2/filecollide &&
+		p4 submit -d "remove dir2/filecollide"
+	)
+'
+
+# no filecollide, got deleted with dir2
+test_expect_failure 'overlay collision 1 to 2, but 2 deleted' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay collision update 1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/dir1/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		p4 open dir1/filecollide &&
+		echo dir1/filecollide update >dir1/filecollide &&
+		p4 submit -d "update dir1/filecollide"
+	)
+'
+
+# still no filecollide, dir2 still wins with the deletion even though the
+# change to dir1 is more recent
+test_expect_failure 'overlay collision 1 to 2, but 2 deleted, then 1 updated' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay collision delete filecollides' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		p4 delete dir1/filecollide dir2/filecollide &&
+		p4 submit -d "remove filecollides"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Overlays as part of sync, rather than initial checkout:
+#   1.  add a file in dir1
+#   2.  sync to include it
+#   3.  add same file in dir2
+#   4.  sync, make sure content switches as dir2 has priority
+#   5.  add another file in dir1
+#   6.  sync
+#   7.  add/delete same file in dir2
+#   8.  sync, make sure it disappears, again dir2 wins
+#   9.  cleanup
+#
+# //depot
+#   - dir1
+#     - file11
+#     - file12
+#     - colA
+#     - colB
+#   - dir2
+#     - file21
+#     - file22
+#     - colA
+#     - colB
+#
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: add colA in dir1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/dir1/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir1/colA >dir1/colA &&
+		p4 add dir1/colA &&
+		p4 submit -d dir1/colA
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: initial git checkout' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA" &&
+	echo dir1/colA >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colA &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: add colA in dir2' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir2/colA >dir2/colA &&
+		p4 add dir2/colA &&
+		p4 submit -d dir2/colA
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: colA content switch' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA" &&
+	echo dir2/colA >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colA &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: add colB in dir1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/dir1/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir1/colB >dir1/colB &&
+		p4 add dir1/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d dir1/colB
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: colB appears' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA colB" &&
+	echo dir1/colB >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colB &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colB
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: add/delete colB in dir2' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir2/colB >dir2/colB &&
+		p4 add dir2/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d dir2/colB &&
+		p4 delete dir2/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d "delete dir2/colB"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: colB disappears' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir2/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync: cleanup' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		p4 delete dir1/colA dir2/colA dir1/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d "remove overlay sync files"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Overlay tests again, but swapped so dir1 has priority.
+#   1.  add a file in dir1
+#   2.  sync to include it
+#   3.  add same file in dir2
+#   4.  sync, make sure content does not switch
+#   5.  add another file in dir1
+#   6.  sync
+#   7.  add/delete same file in dir2
+#   8.  sync, make sure it is still there
+#   9.  cleanup
+#
+# //depot
+#   - dir1
+#     - file11
+#     - file12
+#     - colA
+#     - colB
+#   - dir2
+#     - file21
+#     - file22
+#     - colA
+#     - colB
+#
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: add colA in dir1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/dir1/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir1/colA >dir1/colA &&
+		p4 add dir1/colA &&
+		p4 submit -d dir1/colA
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: initial git checkout' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir1/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA" &&
+	echo dir1/colA >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colA &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: add colA in dir2' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir2/colA >dir2/colA &&
+		p4 add dir2/colA &&
+		p4 submit -d dir2/colA
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'overlay sync swap: colA no content switch' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir1/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA" &&
+	echo dir1/colA >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colA &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colA
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: add colB in dir1' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir1/... //client/dir1/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir1/colB >dir1/colB &&
+		p4 add dir1/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d dir1/colB
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: colB appears' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir1/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA colB" &&
+	echo dir1/colB >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colB &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$git"/colB
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: add/delete colB in dir2' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/dir2/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		echo dir2/colB >dir2/colB &&
+		p4 add dir2/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d dir2/colB &&
+		p4 delete dir2/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d "delete dir2/colB"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'overlay sync swap: colB no change' '
+	client_view "//depot/dir2/... //client/..." \
+		    "+//depot/dir1/... //client/..." &&
+	files="file11 file12 file21 file22 colA colB" &&
+	echo dir1/colB >actual &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colB &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --use-client-spec &&
+		git merge --ff-only p4/master
+	) &&
+	git_verify $files &&
+	test_cmp actual "$cli"/colB
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'overlay sync swap: cleanup' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		p4 delete dir1/colA dir2/colA dir1/colB &&
+		p4 submit -d "remove overlay sync files"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Rename directories to test quoting in depot-side mappings
+# //depot
+#    - "dir 1"
+#       - file11
+#       - file12
+#    - "dir 2"
+#       - file21
+#       - file22
+#
+test_expect_success 'rename files to introduce spaces' '
+	client_view "//depot/... //client/..." &&
+	client_verify dir1/file11 dir1/file12 \
+		      dir2/file21 dir2/file22 &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open dir1/... &&
+		p4 move dir1/... "dir 1"/... &&
+		p4 open dir2/... &&
+		p4 move dir2/... "dir 2"/... &&
+		p4 submit -d "rename with spaces"
+	) &&
+	client_verify "dir 1/file11" "dir 1/file12" \
+		      "dir 2/file21" "dir 2/file22"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quotes on lhs only' '
+	client_view "\"//depot/dir 1/...\" //client/cdir1/..." &&
+	files="cdir1/file11 cdir1/file12" &&
+	client_verify $files &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	client_verify $files
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'quotes on both sides' '
+	client_view "\"//depot/dir 1/...\" \"//client/cdir 1/...\"" &&
+	client_verify "cdir 1/file11" "cdir 1/file12" &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --use-client-spec --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	git_verify "cdir 1/file11" "cdir 1/file12"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh b/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..34fbc90
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9810-git-p4-rcs.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 rcs keywords'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+#
+# Make one file with keyword lines at the top, and
+# enough plain text to be able to test modifications
+# far away from the keywords.
+#
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		cat <<-\EOF >filek &&
+		$Id$
+		/* $Revision$ */
+		# $Change$
+		line4
+		line5
+		line6
+		line7
+		line8
+		EOF
+		sed "s/Revision/Revision: do not scrub me/" <filek >fileko &&
+		sed "s/Id/Id: do not scrub me/" <fileko >file_text &&
+		p4 add -t text+k filek &&
+		p4 submit -d "filek" &&
+		p4 add -t text+ko fileko &&
+		p4 submit -d "fileko" &&
+		p4 add -t text file_text &&
+		p4 submit -d "file_text"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Generate these in a function to make it easy to use single quote marks.
+#
+write_scrub_scripts () {
+	cat >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/scrub_k.py" <<-\EOF &&
+	import re, sys
+	sys.stdout.write(re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header|Author|Date|DateTime|Change|File|Revision):[^$]*\$', r'$\1$', sys.stdin.read()))
+	EOF
+	cat >"$TRASH_DIRECTORY/scrub_ko.py" <<-\EOF
+	import re, sys
+	sys.stdout.write(re.sub(r'(?i)\$(Id|Header):[^$]*\$', r'$\1$', sys.stdin.read()))
+	EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'scrub scripts' '
+	write_scrub_scripts
+'
+
+#
+# Compare $cli/file to its scrubbed version, should be different.
+# Compare scrubbed $cli/file to $git/file, should be same.
+#
+scrub_k_check () {
+	file="$1" &&
+	scrub="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/$file" &&
+	"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/scrub_k.py" <"$git/$file" >"$scrub" &&
+	! test_cmp "$cli/$file" "$scrub" &&
+	test_cmp "$git/$file" "$scrub" &&
+	rm "$scrub"
+}
+scrub_ko_check () {
+	file="$1" &&
+	scrub="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/$file" &&
+	"$PYTHON_PATH" "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/scrub_ko.py" <"$git/$file" >"$scrub" &&
+	! test_cmp "$cli/$file" "$scrub" &&
+	test_cmp "$git/$file" "$scrub" &&
+	rm "$scrub"
+}
+
+#
+# Modify far away from keywords.  If no RCS lines show up
+# in the diff, there is no conflict.
+#
+test_expect_success 'edit far away from RCS lines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		sed "s/^line7/line7 edit/" <filek >filek.tmp &&
+		mv -f filek.tmp filek &&
+		git commit -m "filek line7 edit" filek &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		scrub_k_check filek
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Modify near the keywords.  This will require RCS scrubbing.
+#
+test_expect_success 'edit near RCS lines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		sed "s/^line4/line4 edit/" <filek >filek.tmp &&
+		mv -f filek.tmp filek &&
+		git commit -m "filek line4 edit" filek &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		scrub_k_check filek
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Modify the keywords themselves.  This also will require RCS scrubbing.
+#
+test_expect_success 'edit keyword lines' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		sed "/Revision/d" <filek >filek.tmp &&
+		mv -f filek.tmp filek &&
+		git commit -m "filek remove Revision line" filek &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		scrub_k_check filek
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Scrubbing text+ko files should not alter all keywords, just Id, Header.
+#
+test_expect_success 'scrub ko files differently' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		sed "s/^line4/line4 edit/" <fileko >fileko.tmp &&
+		mv -f fileko.tmp fileko &&
+		git commit -m "fileko line4 edit" fileko &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		scrub_ko_check fileko &&
+		! scrub_k_check fileko
+	)
+'
+
+# hack; git p4 submit should do it on its own
+test_expect_success 'cleanup after failure' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert ...
+	)
+'
+
+# perl $File:: bug check
+test_expect_success 'ktext expansion should not expand multi-line $File::' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		cat >lv.pm <<-\EOF
+		my $wanted = sub { my $f = $File::Find::name;
+				    if ( -f && $f =~ /foo/ ) {
+		EOF
+		p4 add -t ktext lv.pm &&
+		p4 submit -d "lv.pm"
+	) &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_cmp "$cli/lv.pm" lv.pm
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Do not scrub anything but +k or +ko files.  Sneak a change into
+# the cli file so that submit will get a conflict.  Make sure that
+# scrubbing doesn't make a mess of things.
+#
+# This might happen only if the git repo is behind the p4 repo at
+# submit time, and there is a conflict.
+#
+test_expect_success 'do not scrub plain text' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		sed "s/^line4/line4 edit/" <file_text >file_text.tmp &&
+		mv -f file_text.tmp file_text &&
+		git commit -m "file_text line4 edit" file_text &&
+		(
+			cd "$cli" &&
+			p4 open file_text &&
+			sed "s/^line5/line5 p4 edit/" <file_text >file_text.tmp &&
+			mv -f file_text.tmp file_text &&
+			p4 submit -d "file5 p4 edit"
+		) &&
+		echo s | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit &&
+		(
+			# make sure the file is not left open
+			cd "$cli" &&
+			! p4 fstat -T action file_text
+		)
+	)
+'
+
+# hack; git p4 submit should do it on its own
+test_expect_success 'cleanup after failure 2' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 revert ...
+	)
+'
+
+create_kw_file () {
+	cat <<\EOF >"$1"
+/* A file
+	Id: $Id$
+	Revision: $Revision$
+	File: $File$
+ */
+int main(int argc, const char **argv) {
+	return 0;
+}
+EOF
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'add kwfile' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "file 1" &&
+		create_kw_file kwfile1.c &&
+		p4 add kwfile1.c &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add rcw kw file" kwfile1.c
+	)
+'
+
+p4_append_to_file () {
+	f="$1" &&
+	p4 edit -t ktext "$f" &&
+	echo "/* $(date) */" >>"$f" &&
+	p4 submit -d "appending a line in p4"
+}
+
+# Create some files with RCS keywords. If they get modified
+# elsewhere then the version number gets bumped which then
+# results in a merge conflict if we touch the RCS kw lines,
+# even though the change itself would otherwise apply cleanly.
+test_expect_success 'cope with rcs keyword expansion damage' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		(cd "$cli" && p4_append_to_file kwfile1.c) &&
+		old_lines=$(wc -l <kwfile1.c) &&
+		"$PERL_PATH" -n -i -e "print unless m/Revision:/" kwfile1.c &&
+		new_lines=$(wc -l <kwfile1.c) &&
+		test $new_lines = $(($old_lines - 1)) &&
+
+		git add kwfile1.c &&
+		git commit -m "Zap an RCS kw line" &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		git p4 rebase &&
+		git diff p4/master &&
+		git p4 commit &&
+		echo "try modifying in both" &&
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 edit kwfile1.c &&
+		echo "line from p4" >>kwfile1.c &&
+		p4 submit -d "add a line in p4" kwfile1.c &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo "line from git at the top" | cat - kwfile1.c >kwfile1.c.new &&
+		mv kwfile1.c.new kwfile1.c &&
+		git commit -m "Add line in git at the top" kwfile1.c &&
+		git p4 rebase &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cope with rcs keyword file deletion' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo "\$Revision\$" >kwdelfile.c &&
+		p4 add -t ktext kwdelfile.c &&
+		p4 submit -d "Add file to be deleted" &&
+		cat kwdelfile.c &&
+		grep 1 kwdelfile.c
+	) &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		grep Revision kwdelfile.c &&
+		git rm -f kwdelfile.c &&
+		git commit -m "Delete a file containing RCS keywords" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		! test -f kwdelfile.c
+	)
+'
+
+# If you add keywords in git of the form $Header$ then everything should
+# work fine without any special handling.
+test_expect_success 'Add keywords in git which match the default p4 values' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo "NewKW: \$Revision\$" >>kwfile1.c &&
+		git add kwfile1.c &&
+		git commit -m "Adding RCS keywords in git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		test -f kwfile1.c &&
+		grep "NewKW.*Revision.*[0-9]" kwfile1.c
+
+	)
+'
+
+# If you add keywords in git of the form $Header:#1$ then things will fail
+# unless git-p4 takes steps to scrub the *git* commit.
+#
+test_expect_failure 'Add keywords in git which do not match the default p4 values' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo "NewKW2: \$Revision:1\$" >>kwfile1.c &&
+		git add kwfile1.c &&
+		git commit -m "Adding RCS keywords in git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.attemptRCSCleanup true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync &&
+		grep "NewKW2.*Revision.*[0-9]" kwfile1.c
+
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh b/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..095238f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9811-git-p4-label-import.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 label tests'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+# Basic p4 label import tests.
+#
+test_expect_success 'basic p4 labels' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		echo f1 >main/f1 &&
+		p4 add main/f1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f1" &&
+
+		echo f2 >main/f2 &&
+		p4 add main/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f2" &&
+
+		echo f3 >main/file_with_\$metachar &&
+		p4 add main/file_with_\$metachar &&
+		p4 submit -d "file with metachar" &&
+
+		p4 tag -l TAG_F1_ONLY main/f1 &&
+		p4 tag -l TAG_WITH\$_SHELL_CHAR main/... &&
+		p4 tag -l this_tag_will_be\ skipped main/... &&
+
+		echo f4 >main/f4 &&
+		p4 add main/f4 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f4" &&
+
+		p4 label -i <<-EOF &&
+		Label: TAG_LONG_LABEL
+		Description:
+		   A Label first line
+		   A Label second line
+		View:	//depot/...
+		EOF
+
+		p4 tag -l TAG_LONG_LABEL ... &&
+
+		p4 labels ... &&
+
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.labelImportRegexp ".*TAG.*" &&
+		git p4 sync --import-labels --verbose &&
+
+		git tag &&
+		git tag >taglist &&
+		test_line_count = 3 taglist &&
+
+		cd main &&
+		git checkout TAG_F1_ONLY &&
+		! test -f f2 &&
+		git checkout TAG_WITH\$_SHELL_CHAR &&
+		test -f f1 && test -f f2 && test -f file_with_\$metachar &&
+
+		git show TAG_LONG_LABEL | grep -q "A Label second line"
+	)
+'
+# Test some label corner cases:
+#
+# - two tags on the same file; both should be available
+# - a tag that is only on one file; this kind of tag
+#   cannot be imported (at least not easily).
+
+test_expect_success 'two labels on the same changelist' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		mkdir -p main &&
+
+		p4 edit main/f1 main/f2 &&
+		echo "hello world" >main/f1 &&
+		echo "not in the tag" >main/f2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "main/f[12]: testing two labels" &&
+
+		p4 tag -l TAG_F1_1 main/... &&
+		p4 tag -l TAG_F1_2 main/... &&
+
+		p4 labels ... &&
+
+		git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --import-labels &&
+
+		git tag | grep TAG_F1 &&
+		git tag | grep -q TAG_F1_1 &&
+		git tag | grep -q TAG_F1_2 &&
+
+		cd main &&
+
+		git checkout TAG_F1_1 &&
+		ls &&
+		test -f f1 &&
+
+		git checkout TAG_F1_2 &&
+		ls &&
+		test -f f1
+	)
+'
+
+# Export some git tags to p4
+test_expect_success 'export git tags to p4' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git tag -m "A tag created in git:xyzzy" GIT_TAG_1 &&
+		echo "hello world" >main/f10 &&
+		git add main/f10 &&
+		git commit -m "Adding file for export test" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		git tag -m "Another git tag" GIT_TAG_2 &&
+		git tag LIGHTWEIGHT_TAG &&
+		git p4 rebase --import-labels --verbose &&
+		git p4 submit --export-labels --verbose
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		p4 labels ... | grep GIT_TAG_1 &&
+		p4 labels ... | grep GIT_TAG_2 &&
+		p4 labels ... | grep LIGHTWEIGHT_TAG &&
+		p4 label -o GIT_TAG_1 | grep "tag created in git:xyzzy" &&
+		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_1 &&
+		! test -f main/f10
+		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_2 &&
+		test -f main/f10
+	)
+'
+
+# Export a tag from git where an affected file is deleted later on
+# Need to create git tags after rebase, since only then can the
+# git commits be mapped to p4 changelists.
+test_expect_success 'export git tags to p4 with deletion' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 sync --import-labels &&
+		echo "deleted file" >main/deleted_file &&
+		git add main/deleted_file &&
+		git commit -m "create deleted file" &&
+		git rm main/deleted_file &&
+		echo "new file" >main/f11 &&
+		git add main/f11 &&
+		git commit -m "delete the deleted file" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		git p4 rebase --import-labels --verbose &&
+		git tag -m "tag on deleted file" GIT_TAG_ON_DELETED HEAD~1 &&
+		git tag -m "tag after deletion" GIT_TAG_AFTER_DELETION HEAD &&
+		git p4 submit --export-labels --verbose
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_ON_DELETED &&
+		test -f main/deleted_file &&
+		p4 sync ...@GIT_TAG_AFTER_DELETION &&
+		! test -f main/deleted_file &&
+		echo "checking label contents" &&
+		p4 label -o GIT_TAG_ON_DELETED | grep "tag on deleted file"
+	)
+'
+
+# Create a tag in git that cannot be exported to p4
+test_expect_success 'tag that cannot be exported' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git checkout -b a_branch &&
+		echo "hello" >main/f12 &&
+		git add main/f12 &&
+		git commit -m "adding f12" &&
+		git tag -m "tag on a_branch" GIT_TAG_ON_A_BRANCH &&
+		git checkout master &&
+		git p4 submit --export-labels
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 sync ... &&
+		!(p4 labels | grep GIT_TAG_ON_A_BRANCH)
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'use git config to enable import/export of tags' '
+	git p4 clone --verbose --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.exportLabels true &&
+		git config git-p4.importLabels true &&
+		git tag CFG_A_GIT_TAG &&
+		git p4 rebase --verbose &&
+		git p4 submit --verbose &&
+		git tag &&
+		git tag | grep TAG_F1_1
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 labels &&
+		p4 labels | grep CFG_A_GIT_TAG
+	)
+'
+
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh b/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..6763325
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9812-git-p4-wildcards.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,168 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 wildcards'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'add p4 files with wildcards in the names' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		printf "file2\nhas\nsome\nrandom\ntext\n" >file2 &&
+		p4 add file2 &&
+		echo file-wild-hash >file-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo file-wild-star >file-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		echo file-wild-at >file-wild@at &&
+		echo file-wild-percent >file-wild%percent &&
+		p4 add -f file-wild* &&
+		p4 submit -d "file wildcards"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files git p4 clone' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test -f file-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test -f file-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		test -f file-wild@at &&
+		test -f file-wild%percent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, add' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo git-wild-hash >git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo git-wild-star >git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		echo git-wild-at >git-wild@at &&
+		echo git-wild-percent >git-wild%percent &&
+		git add git-wild* &&
+		git commit -m "add some wildcard filenames" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_file git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		test_path_is_file git-wild@at &&
+		test_path_is_file git-wild%percent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, modify' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo new-line >>git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			echo new-line >>git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		echo new-line >>git-wild@at &&
+		echo new-line >>git-wild%percent &&
+		git add git-wild* &&
+		git commit -m "modify the wildcard files" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_line_count = 2 git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_line_count = 2 git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		test_line_count = 2 git-wild@at &&
+		test_line_count = 2 git-wild%percent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, copy' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		cp file2 git-wild-cp#hash &&
+		git add git-wild-cp#hash &&
+		cp git-wild#hash file-wild-3 &&
+		git add file-wild-3 &&
+		git commit -m "wildcard copies" &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file git-wild-cp#hash &&
+		test_path_is_file file-wild-3
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, rename' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git mv git-wild@at file-wild-4 &&
+		git mv file-wild-3 git-wild-cp%percent &&
+		git commit -m "wildcard renames" &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing git-wild@at &&
+		test_path_is_file git-wild-cp%percent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'wildcard files submit back to p4, delete' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rm git-wild* &&
+		git commit -m "delete the wildcard files" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing git-wild#hash &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_MINGW NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			test_path_is_missing git-wild\*star
+		fi &&
+		test_path_is_missing git-wild@at &&
+		test_path_is_missing git-wild%percent
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh b/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f2e85e5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9813-git-p4-preserve-users.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 preserve users'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		echo file1 >file1 &&
+		echo file2 >file2 &&
+		p4 add file1 file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "add files"
+	)
+'
+
+p4_add_user() {
+	name=$1 fullname=$2 &&
+	p4 user -f -i <<-EOF &&
+	User: $name
+	Email: $name@localhost
+	FullName: $fullname
+	EOF
+	p4 passwd -P secret $name
+}
+
+p4_grant_admin() {
+	name=$1 &&
+	{
+		p4 protect -o &&
+		echo "    admin user $name * //depot/..."
+	} | p4 protect -i
+}
+
+p4_check_commit_author() {
+	file=$1 user=$2 &&
+	p4 changes -m 1 //depot/$file | grep -q $user
+}
+
+make_change_by_user() {
+	file=$1 name=$2 email=$3 &&
+	echo "username: a change by $name" >>"$file" &&
+	git add "$file" &&
+	git commit --author "$name <$email>" -m "a change by $name"
+}
+
+# Test username support, submitting as user 'alice'
+test_expect_success 'preserve users' '
+	p4_add_user alice Alice &&
+	p4_add_user bob Bob &&
+	p4_grant_admin alice &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo "username: a change by alice" >>file1 &&
+		echo "username: a change by bob" >>file2 &&
+		git commit --author "Alice <alice@localhost>" -m "a change by alice" file1 &&
+		git commit --author "Bob <bob@localhost>" -m "a change by bob" file2 &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
+		p4_check_commit_author file1 alice &&
+		p4_check_commit_author file2 bob
+	)
+'
+
+# Test username support, submitting as bob, who lacks admin rights. Should
+# not submit change to p4 (git diff should show deltas).
+test_expect_success 'refuse to preserve users without perms' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		echo "username-noperms: a change by alice" >>file1 &&
+		git commit --author "Alice <alice@localhost>" -m "perms: a change by alice" file1 &&
+		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=bob P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
+		! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master
+	)
+'
+
+# What happens with unknown author? Without allowMissingP4Users it should fail.
+test_expect_success 'preserve user where author is unknown to p4' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		echo "username-bob: a change by bob" >>file1 &&
+		git commit --author "Bob <bob@localhost>" -m "preserve: a change by bob" file1 &&
+		echo "username-unknown: a change by charlie" >>file1 &&
+		git commit --author "Charlie <charlie@localhost>" -m "preserve: a change by charlie" file1 &&
+		P4EDITOR=touch P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
+		test_must_fail git p4 commit --preserve-user &&
+		! git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master &&
+
+		echo "$0: repeat with allowMissingP4Users enabled" &&
+		git config git-p4.allowMissingP4Users true &&
+		git config git-p4.preserveUser true &&
+		git p4 commit &&
+		git diff --exit-code HEAD..p4/master &&
+		p4_check_commit_author file1 alice
+	)
+'
+
+# If we're *not* using --preserve-user, git-p4 should warn if we're submitting
+# changes that are not all ours.
+# Test: user in p4 and user unknown to p4.
+# Test: warning disabled and user is the same.
+test_expect_success 'not preserving user with mixed authorship' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEditCheck true &&
+		p4_add_user derek Derek &&
+
+		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Derek derek@localhost &&
+		P4EDITOR=cat P4USER=alice P4PASSWD=secret &&
+		export P4EDITOR P4USER P4PASSWD &&
+		git p4 commit |\
+		grep "git author derek@localhost does not match" &&
+
+		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@localhost &&
+		git p4 commit |\
+		grep "git author charlie@localhost does not match" &&
+
+		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 alice alice@localhost &&
+		git p4 commit |\
+		test_must_fail grep "git author.*does not match" &&
+
+		git config git-p4.skipUserNameCheck true &&
+		make_change_by_user usernamefile3 Charlie charlie@localhost &&
+		git p4 commit |\
+		test_must_fail grep "git author.*does not match" &&
+
+		p4_check_commit_author usernamefile3 alice
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh b/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..be802e0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9814-git-p4-rename.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,241 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 rename'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+# We rely on this behavior to detect for p4 move availability.
+test_expect_success 'p4 help unknown returns 1' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		(
+			p4 help client >errs 2>&1
+			echo $? >retval
+		)
+		echo 0 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected retval &&
+		rm retval &&
+		(
+			p4 help nosuchcommand >errs 2>&1
+			echo $? >retval
+		)
+		echo 1 >expected &&
+		test_cmp expected retval &&
+		rm retval
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'create files' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		cat >file1 <<-EOF &&
+		A large block of text
+		in file1 that will generate
+		enough context so that rename
+		and copy detection will find
+		something interesting to do.
+		EOF
+		cat >file2 <<-EOF &&
+		/*
+		 * This blob looks a bit
+		 * different.
+		 */
+		int main(int argc, char **argv)
+		{
+			char text[200];
+
+			strcpy(text, "copy/rename this");
+			printf("text is %s\n", text);
+			return 0;
+		}
+		EOF
+		p4 add file1 file2 &&
+		p4 submit -d "add files"
+	)
+'
+
+# Rename a file and confirm that rename is not detected in P4.
+# Rename the new file again with detectRenames option enabled and confirm that
+# this is detected in P4.
+# Rename the new file again adding an extra line, configure a big threshold in
+# detectRenames and confirm that rename is not detected in P4.
+# Repeat, this time with a smaller threshold and confirm that the rename is
+# detected in P4.
+test_expect_success 'detect renames' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+
+		git mv file1 file4 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Rename file1 to file4" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file4 >filelog &&
+		! grep " from //depot" filelog &&
+
+		git mv file4 file5 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Rename file4 to file5" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file5 >filelog &&
+		grep " from //depot/file4" filelog &&
+
+		git mv file5 file6 &&
+		echo update >>file6 &&
+		git add file6 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Rename file5 to file6 with changes" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
+		level=$(git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/R0*//") &&
+		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 0 && test "$level" -lt 98 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames $(($level + 2)) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file6 >filelog &&
+		! grep " from //depot" filelog &&
+
+		git mv file6 file7 &&
+		echo update >>file7 &&
+		git add file7 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Rename file6 to file7 with changes" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD &&
+		level=$(git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/R0*//") &&
+		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 2 && test "$level" -lt 100 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames $(($level - 2)) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file7 >filelog &&
+		grep " from //depot/file6" filelog
+	)
+'
+
+# Copy a file and confirm that copy is not detected in P4.
+# Copy a file with detectCopies option enabled and confirm that copy is not
+# detected in P4.
+# Modify and copy a file with detectCopies option enabled and confirm that copy
+# is detected in P4.
+# Copy a file with detectCopies and detectCopiesHarder options enabled and
+# confirm that copy is detected in P4.
+# Modify and copy a file, configure a bigger threshold in detectCopies and
+# confirm that copy is not detected in P4.
+# Modify and copy a file, configure a smaller threshold in detectCopies and
+# confirm that copy is detected in P4.
+test_expect_success 'detect copies' '
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot@all &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+
+		cp file2 file8 &&
+		git add file8 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file8" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file8 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file8 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		cp file2 file9 &&
+		git add file9 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file9" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file9 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file9 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		echo "file2" >>file2 &&
+		cp file2 file10 &&
+		git add file2 file10 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Modify and copy file2 to file10" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C HEAD &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file10 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file10 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
+
+		cp file2 file11 &&
+		git add file11 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file11" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
+		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
+		test "$src" = file10 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file11 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file11 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file" &&
+
+		cp file2 file12 &&
+		echo "some text" >>file12 &&
+		git add file12 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file12 with changes" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
+		level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
+		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 0 && test "$level" -lt 98 &&
+		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
+		test "$src" = file10 -o "$src" = file11 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies $(($level + 2)) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file12 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file12 | test_must_fail grep -q "branch from" &&
+
+		cp file2 file13 &&
+		echo "different text" >>file13 &&
+		git add file13 &&
+		git commit -a -m "Copy file2 to file13 with changes" &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD &&
+		level=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f1 | cut -d" " -f5 | sed "s/C0*//") &&
+		test -n "$level" && test "$level" -gt 2 && test "$level" -lt 100 &&
+		src=$(git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | sed 1d | cut -f2) &&
+		test "$src" = file10 -o "$src" = file11 -o "$src" = file12 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies $(($level - 2)) &&
+		git p4 submit &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file13 &&
+		p4 filelog //depot/file13 | grep -q "branch from //depot/file"
+	)
+'
+
+# See if configurables can be set, and in particular if the run.move.allow
+# variable exists, which allows admins to disable the "p4 move" command.
+test_expect_success 'p4 configure command and run.move.allow are available' '
+	p4 configure show run.move.allow >out ; retval=$? &&
+	test $retval = 0 &&
+	{
+		egrep ^run.move.allow: out &&
+		test_set_prereq P4D_HAVE_CONFIGURABLE_RUN_MOVE_ALLOW ||
+		true
+	} || true
+'
+
+# If move can be disabled, turn it off and test p4 move handling
+test_expect_success P4D_HAVE_CONFIGURABLE_RUN_MOVE_ALLOW \
+		    'do not use p4 move when administratively disabled' '
+	test_when_finished "p4 configure set run.move.allow=1" &&
+	p4 configure set run.move.allow=0 &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo move-disallow-file >move-disallow-file &&
+		p4 add move-disallow-file &&
+		p4 submit -d "add move-disallow-file"
+	) &&
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git mv move-disallow-file move-disallow-file-moved &&
+		git commit -m "move move-disallow-file" &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..1243d96
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9815-git-p4-submit-fail.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+test_description='git p4 submit failure handling'
+
+. ./lib-git-p4.sh
+
+test_expect_success 'start p4d' '
+	start_p4d
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'init depot' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 client -o | sed "/LineEnd/s/:.*/:unix/" | p4 client -i &&
+		echo line1 >file1 &&
+		p4 add file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line1 in file1"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on one commit' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line2 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line2 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		# now this commit should cause a conflict
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		echo line3 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line3 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "No commits applied" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on second of two commits' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line3 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line3 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# this commit is okay
+		test_commit "first_commit_okay" &&
+		# now this submit should cause a conflict
+		echo line4 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line4 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Applied only the commits" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on first of two commits, skip' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line4 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line4 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# this submit should cause a conflict
+		echo line5 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line5 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		# but this commit is okay
+		test_commit "okay_commit_after_skip" &&
+		echo s | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Applied only the commits" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on first of two commits, quit' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line7 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line7 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# this submit should cause a conflict
+		echo line8 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line8 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		# but this commit is okay
+		test_commit "okay_commit_after_quit" &&
+		echo q | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "No commits applied" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict cli and config options' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git p4 submit --conflict=ask &&
+		git p4 submit --conflict=skip &&
+		git p4 submit --conflict=quit &&
+		test_expect_code 2 git p4 submit --conflict=foo &&
+		test_expect_code 2 git p4 submit --conflict &&
+		git config git-p4.conflict foo &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit &&
+		git config --unset git-p4.conflict &&
+		git p4 submit
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on first of two commits, --conflict=skip' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line9 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line9 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# this submit should cause a conflict
+		echo line10 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line10 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		# but this commit is okay
+		test_commit "okay_commit_after_auto_skip" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit --conflict=skip >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "Applied only the commits" out
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'conflict on first of two commits, --conflict=quit' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo line11 >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "line11 in file1"
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# this submit should cause a conflict
+		echo line12 >>file1 &&
+		git add file1 &&
+		git commit -m "line12 in file1 will conflict" &&
+		# but this commit is okay
+		test_commit "okay_commit_after_auto_quit" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit --conflict=quit >out &&
+		test_i18ngrep "No commits applied" out
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Cleanup after submit fail, all cases.  Some modifications happen
+# before trying to apply the patch.  Make sure these are unwound
+# properly.  Put each one in a diff along with something that will
+# obviously conflict.  Make sure it is back to normal after.
+#
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup edit p4 populate' '
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		echo text file >text &&
+		p4 add text &&
+		echo text+x file >text+x &&
+		chmod 755 text+x &&
+		p4 add text+x &&
+		p4 submit -d "populate p4"
+	)
+'
+
+setup_conflict() {
+	# clone before modifying file1 to force it to conflict
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	# ticks outside subshells
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		p4 open file1 &&
+		echo $test_tick >>file1 &&
+		p4 submit -d "$test_tick in file1"
+	) &&
+	test_tick &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git config git-p4.skipSubmitEdit true &&
+		# easy conflict
+		echo $test_tick >>file1 &&
+		git add file1
+		# caller will add more and submit
+	)
+}
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup edit after submit fail' '
+	setup_conflict &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo another line >>text &&
+		git add text &&
+		git commit -m "conflict" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		# make sure it is not open
+		! p4 fstat -T action text
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup add after submit fail' '
+	setup_conflict &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo new file >textnew &&
+		git add textnew &&
+		git commit -m "conflict" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		# make sure it is not there
+		# and that p4 thinks it is not added
+		#   P4 returns 0 both for "not there but added" and
+		#   "not there", so grep.
+		test_path_is_missing textnew &&
+		p4 fstat -T action textnew 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup delete after submit fail' '
+	setup_conflict &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rm text+x &&
+		git commit -m "conflict" &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		# make sure it is there
+		test_path_is_file text+x &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text+x
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup copy after submit fail' '
+	setup_conflict &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		cp text text2 &&
+		git add text2 &&
+		git commit -m "conflict" &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
+		# make sure setup is okay
+		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | grep text2 | grep C100 &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing text2 &&
+		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup rename after submit fail' '
+	setup_conflict &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git mv text text2 &&
+		git commit -m "conflict" &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		# make sure setup is okay
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | grep text2 | grep R100 &&
+		test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing text2 &&
+		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+	)
+'
+
+#
+# Cleanup after deciding not to submit during editTemplate.  This
+# involves unwinding more work, because files have been added, deleted
+# and chmod-ed now.  Same approach as above.
+#
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup edit after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo line >>text &&
+		git add text &&
+		git commit -m text &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit &&
+		git reset --hard HEAD^
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text &&
+		test_cmp "$git"/text text
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup add after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		echo line >textnew &&
+		git add textnew &&
+		git commit -m textnew &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing textnew &&
+		p4 fstat -T action textnew 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup delete after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git rm text &&
+		git commit -m "rm text" &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file text &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup copy after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		cp text text2 &&
+		git add text2 &&
+		git commit -m text2 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopies true &&
+		git config git-p4.detectCopiesHarder true &&
+		git diff-tree -r -C --find-copies-harder HEAD | grep text2 | grep C100 &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing text2 &&
+		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup rename after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		git mv text text2 &&
+		git commit -m text2 &&
+		git config git-p4.detectRenames true &&
+		git diff-tree -r -M HEAD | grep text2 | grep R100 &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_missing text2 &&
+		p4 fstat -T action text2 2>&1 | grep "no such file"
+		test_path_is_file text &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'cleanup chmod after submit cancel' '
+	test_when_finished cleanup_git &&
+	git p4 clone --dest="$git" //depot &&
+	(
+		cd "$git" &&
+		test_chmod +x text &&
+		test_chmod -x text+x &&
+		git add text text+x &&
+		git commit -m "chmod texts" &&
+		echo n | test_expect_code 1 git p4 submit
+	) &&
+	(
+		cd "$cli" &&
+		test_path_is_file text &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text &&
+		test_path_is_file text+x &&
+		! p4 fstat -T action text+x &&
+		if test_have_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
+		then
+			stat --format=%A text | egrep ^-r-- &&
+			stat --format=%A text+x | egrep ^-r-x
+		fi
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'kill p4d' '
+	kill_p4d
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9902-completion.sh b/t/t9902-completion.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..adc1372
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9902-completion.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 Felipe Contreras
+#
+
+test_description='test bash completion'
+
+. ./lib-bash.sh
+
+complete ()
+{
+	# do nothing
+	return 0
+}
+
+# Be careful when updating this list:
+#
+# (1) The build tree may have build artifact from different branch, or
+#     the user's $PATH may have a random executable that may begin
+#     with "git-check" that are not part of the subcommands this build
+#     will ship, e.g.  "check-ignore".  The tests for completion for
+#     subcommand names tests how "check" is expanded; we limit the
+#     possible candidates to "checkout" and "check-attr" to make sure
+#     "check-attr", which is known by the filter function as a
+#     subcommand to be thrown out, while excluding other random files
+#     that happen to begin with "check" to avoid letting them get in
+#     the way.
+#
+# (2) A test makes sure that common subcommands are included in the
+#     completion for "git <TAB>", and a plumbing is excluded.  "add",
+#     "filter-branch" and "ls-files" are listed for this.
+
+GIT_TESTING_COMMAND_COMPLETION='add checkout check-attr filter-branch ls-files'
+
+. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-completion.bash"
+
+# We don't need this function to actually join words or do anything special.
+# Also, it's cleaner to avoid touching bash's internal completion variables.
+# So let's override it with a minimal version for testing purposes.
+_get_comp_words_by_ref ()
+{
+	while [ $# -gt 0 ]; do
+		case "$1" in
+		cur)
+			cur=${_words[_cword]}
+			;;
+		prev)
+			prev=${_words[_cword-1]}
+			;;
+		words)
+			words=("${_words[@]}")
+			;;
+		cword)
+			cword=$_cword
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done
+}
+
+print_comp ()
+{
+	local IFS=$'\n'
+	echo "${COMPREPLY[*]}" > out
+}
+
+run_completion ()
+{
+	local -a COMPREPLY _words
+	local _cword
+	_words=( $1 )
+	(( _cword = ${#_words[@]} - 1 ))
+	__git_wrap__git_main && print_comp
+}
+
+# Test high-level completion
+# Arguments are:
+# 1: typed text so far (cur)
+# 2: expected completion
+test_completion ()
+{
+	if test $# -gt 1
+	then
+		printf '%s\n' "$2" >expected
+	else
+		sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected
+	fi &&
+	run_completion "$1" &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+}
+
+# Test __gitcomp.
+# The first argument is the typed text so far (cur); the rest are
+# passed to __gitcomp.  Expected output comes is read from the
+# standard input, like test_completion().
+test_gitcomp ()
+{
+	local -a COMPREPLY &&
+	sed -e 's/Z$//' >expected &&
+	cur="$1" &&
+	shift &&
+	__gitcomp "$@" &&
+	print_comp &&
+	test_cmp expected out
+}
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - trailing space - options' '
+	test_gitcomp "--re" "--dry-run --reuse-message= --reedit-message=
+		--reset-author" <<-EOF
+	--reuse-message=Z
+	--reedit-message=Z
+	--reset-author Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - trailing space - config keys' '
+	test_gitcomp "br" "branch. branch.autosetupmerge
+		branch.autosetuprebase browser." <<-\EOF
+	branch.Z
+	branch.autosetupmerge Z
+	branch.autosetuprebase Z
+	browser.Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - option parameter' '
+	test_gitcomp "--strategy=re" "octopus ours recursive resolve subtree" \
+		"" "re" <<-\EOF
+	recursive Z
+	resolve Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - prefix' '
+	test_gitcomp "branch.me" "remote merge mergeoptions rebase" \
+		"branch.maint." "me" <<-\EOF
+	branch.maint.merge Z
+	branch.maint.mergeoptions Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '__gitcomp - suffix' '
+	test_gitcomp "branch.me" "master maint next pu" "branch." \
+		"ma" "." <<-\EOF
+	branch.master.Z
+	branch.maint.Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'basic' '
+	run_completion "git \"\"" &&
+	# built-in
+	grep -q "^add \$" out &&
+	# script
+	grep -q "^filter-branch \$" out &&
+	# plumbing
+	! grep -q "^ls-files \$" out &&
+
+	run_completion "git f" &&
+	! grep -q -v "^f" out
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'double dash "git" itself' '
+	test_completion "git --" <<-\EOF
+	--paginate Z
+	--no-pager Z
+	--git-dir=
+	--bare Z
+	--version Z
+	--exec-path Z
+	--exec-path=
+	--html-path Z
+	--info-path Z
+	--work-tree=
+	--namespace=
+	--no-replace-objects Z
+	--help Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'double dash "git checkout"' '
+	test_completion "git checkout --" <<-\EOF
+	--quiet Z
+	--ours Z
+	--theirs Z
+	--track Z
+	--no-track Z
+	--merge Z
+	--conflict=
+	--orphan Z
+	--patch Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'general options' '
+	test_completion "git --ver" "--version " &&
+	test_completion "git --hel" "--help " &&
+	test_completion "git --exe" <<-\EOF &&
+	--exec-path Z
+	--exec-path=
+	EOF
+	test_completion "git --htm" "--html-path " &&
+	test_completion "git --pag" "--paginate " &&
+	test_completion "git --no-p" "--no-pager " &&
+	test_completion "git --git" "--git-dir=" &&
+	test_completion "git --wor" "--work-tree=" &&
+	test_completion "git --nam" "--namespace=" &&
+	test_completion "git --bar" "--bare " &&
+	test_completion "git --inf" "--info-path " &&
+	test_completion "git --no-r" "--no-replace-objects "
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'general options plus command' '
+	test_completion "git --version check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --paginate check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --git-dir=foo check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --bare check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --exec-path=foo check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --html-path check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --no-pager check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --work-tree=foo check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --namespace=foo check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --paginate check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --info-path check" "checkout " &&
+	test_completion "git --no-replace-objects check" "checkout "
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'git --help completion' '
+	test_completion "git --help ad" "add " &&
+	test_completion "git --help core" "core-tutorial "
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for ref completion' '
+	echo content >file1 &&
+	echo more >file2 &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m one &&
+	git branch mybranch &&
+	git tag mytag
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'checkout completes ref names' '
+	test_completion "git checkout m" <<-\EOF
+	master Z
+	mybranch Z
+	mytag Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'show completes all refs' '
+	test_completion "git show m" <<-\EOF
+	master Z
+	mybranch Z
+	mytag Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success '<ref>: completes paths' '
+	test_completion "git show mytag:f" <<-\EOF
+	file1 Z
+	file2 Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'complete tree filename with spaces' '
+	echo content >"name with spaces" &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m spaces &&
+	test_completion "git show HEAD:nam" <<-\EOF
+	name with spaces Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_failure 'complete tree filename with metacharacters' '
+	echo content >"name with \${meta}" &&
+	git add . &&
+	git commit -m meta &&
+	test_completion "git show HEAD:nam" <<-\EOF
+	name with ${meta} Z
+	name with spaces Z
+	EOF
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'send-email' '
+	test_completion "git send-email --cov" "--cover-letter " &&
+	test_completion "git send-email ma" "master "
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
new file mode 100755
index 0000000..f17c1f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/t9903-bash-prompt.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,456 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2012 SZEDER Gábor
+#
+
+test_description='test git-specific bash prompt functions'
+
+. ./lib-bash.sh
+
+. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR/contrib/completion/git-prompt.sh"
+
+actual="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/actual"
+
+test_expect_success 'setup for prompt tests' '
+	mkdir -p subdir/subsubdir &&
+	git init otherrepo &&
+	echo 1 > file &&
+	git add file &&
+	test_tick &&
+	git commit -m initial &&
+	git tag -a -m msg1 t1 &&
+	git checkout -b b1 &&
+	echo 2 > file &&
+	git commit -m "second b1" file &&
+	echo 3 > file &&
+	git commit -m "third b1" file &&
+	git tag -a -m msg2 t2 &&
+	git checkout -b b2 master &&
+	echo 0 > file &&
+	git commit -m "second b2" file &&
+	git checkout master
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - from command line (through $__git_dir)' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	(
+		__git_dir="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - repo as argument' '
+	echo "otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	__gitdir "otherrepo" > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - remote as argument' '
+	echo "remote" > expected &&
+	__gitdir "remote" > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - .git directory in cwd' '
+	echo ".git" > expected &&
+	__gitdir > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - .git directory in parent' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/.git" > expected &&
+	(
+		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - cwd is a .git directory' '
+	echo "." > expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - parent is a .git directory' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/.git" > expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git/refs/heads &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in cwd' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - $GIT_DIR set while .git directory in parent' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		cd subdir &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - non-existing $GIT_DIR' '
+	(
+		GIT_DIR="$TRASH_DIRECTORY/non-existing" &&
+		export GIT_DIR &&
+		test_must_fail __gitdir
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in cwd' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "gitdir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > subdir/.git &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
+	(
+		cd subdir &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - gitfile in parent' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	echo "gitdir: $TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > subdir/.git &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f subdir/.git" &&
+	(
+		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success SYMLINKS 'gitdir - resulting path avoids symlinks' '
+	echo "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/otherrepo/.git" > expected &&
+	mkdir otherrepo/dir &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf otherrepo/dir" &&
+	ln -s otherrepo/dir link &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -f link" &&
+	(
+		cd link &&
+		__gitdir > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'gitdir - not a git repository' '
+	(
+		cd subdir/subsubdir &&
+		GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES="$TRASH_DIRECTORY" &&
+		export GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES &&
+		test_must_fail __gitdir
+	)
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - branch name' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - detached head' '
+	printf " ((%s...))" $(git log -1 --format="%h" b1^) > expected &&
+	git checkout b1^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - contains' '
+	printf " ((t2~1))" > expected &&
+	git checkout b1^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE=contains &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - branch' '
+	printf " ((b1~1))" > expected &&
+	git checkout b1^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE=branch &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - describe' '
+	printf " ((t1-1-g%s))" $(git log -1 --format="%h" b1^) > expected &&
+	git checkout b1^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_DESCRIBE_STYLE=describe &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - describe detached head - default' '
+	printf " ((t2))" > expected &&
+	git checkout --detach b1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - inside .git directory' '
+	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - deep inside .git directory' '
+	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
+	(
+		cd .git/refs/heads &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - inside bare repository' '
+	printf " (BARE:master)" > expected &&
+	git init --bare bare.git &&
+	test_when_finished "rm -rf bare.git" &&
+	(
+		cd bare.git &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - interactive rebase' '
+	printf " (b1|REBASE-i)" > expected
+	echo "#!$SHELL_PATH" >fake_editor.sh &&
+	cat >>fake_editor.sh <<\EOF &&
+echo "edit $(git log -1 --format="%h")" > "$1"
+EOF
+	test_when_finished "rm -f fake_editor.sh" &&
+	chmod a+x fake_editor.sh &&
+	test_set_editor "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/fake_editor.sh" &&
+	git checkout b1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	git rebase -i HEAD^ &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort"
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - rebase merge' '
+	printf " (b2|REBASE-m)" > expected &&
+	git checkout b2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase --merge b1 b2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - rebase' '
+	printf " ((t2)|REBASE)" > expected &&
+	git checkout b2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	test_must_fail git rebase b1 b2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git rebase --abort" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - merge' '
+	printf " (b1|MERGING)" > expected &&
+	git checkout b1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git checkout master" &&
+	test_must_fail git merge b2 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - cherry-pick' '
+	printf " (master|CHERRY-PICKING)" > expected &&
+	test_must_fail git cherry-pick b1 &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - bisect' '
+	printf " (master|BISECTING)" > expected &&
+	git bisect start &&
+	test_when_finished "git bisect reset" &&
+	__git_ps1 > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - clean' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - dirty worktree' '
+	printf " (master *)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - dirty index' '
+	printf " (master +)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git add -u &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - dirty index and worktree' '
+	printf " (master *+)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty index" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	git add -u &&
+	echo "dirty worktree" > file &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - before root commit' '
+	printf " (master #)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		cd otherrepo &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - disabled by config' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	test_config bash.showDirtyState false &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - dirty status indicator - not shown inside .git directory' '
+	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
+	echo "dirty" > file &&
+	test_when_finished "git reset --hard" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWDIRTYSTATE=y &&
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - stash status indicator - no stash' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - stash status indicator - stash' '
+	printf " (master $)" > expected &&
+	echo 2 >file &&
+	git stash &&
+	test_when_finished "git stash drop" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - stash status indicator - not shown inside .git directory' '
+	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
+	echo 2 >file &&
+	git stash &&
+	test_when_finished "git stash drop" &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWSTASHSTATE=y &&
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - no untracked files' '
+	printf " (master)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		cd otherrepo &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - untracked files' '
+	printf " (master %%)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - untracked files status indicator - not shown inside .git directory' '
+	printf " (GIT_DIR!)" > expected &&
+	(
+		GIT_PS1_SHOWUNTRACKEDFILES=y &&
+		cd .git &&
+		__git_ps1 > "$actual"
+	) &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_expect_success 'prompt - format string starting with dash' '
+	printf -- "-master" > expected &&
+	__git_ps1 "-%s" > "$actual" &&
+	test_cmp expected "$actual"
+'
+
+test_done
diff --git a/t/test-lib-functions.sh b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa62d01
--- /dev/null
+++ b/t/test-lib-functions.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,674 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+#
+# Copyright (c) 2005 Junio C Hamano
+#
+# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+# the Free Software Foundation, either version 2 of the License, or
+# (at your option) any later version.
+#
+# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+# GNU General Public License for more details.
+#
+# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+# along with this program.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ .
+
+# The semantics of the editor variables are that of invoking
+# sh -c "$EDITOR \"$@\"" files ...
+#
+# If our trash directory contains shell metacharacters, they will be
+# interpreted if we just set $EDITOR directly, so do a little dance with
+# environment variables to work around this.
+#
+# In particular, quoting isn't enough, as the path may contain the same quote
+# that we're using.
+test_set_editor () {
+	FAKE_EDITOR="$1"
+	export FAKE_EDITOR
+	EDITOR='"$FAKE_EDITOR"'
+	export EDITOR
+}
+
+test_decode_color () {
+	awk '
+		function name(n) {
+			if (n == 0) return "RESET";
+			if (n == 1) return "BOLD";
+			if (n == 30) return "BLACK";
+			if (n == 31) return "RED";
+			if (n == 32) return "GREEN";
+			if (n == 33) return "YELLOW";
+			if (n == 34) return "BLUE";
+			if (n == 35) return "MAGENTA";
+			if (n == 36) return "CYAN";
+			if (n == 37) return "WHITE";
+			if (n == 40) return "BLACK";
+			if (n == 41) return "BRED";
+			if (n == 42) return "BGREEN";
+			if (n == 43) return "BYELLOW";
+			if (n == 44) return "BBLUE";
+			if (n == 45) return "BMAGENTA";
+			if (n == 46) return "BCYAN";
+			if (n == 47) return "BWHITE";
+		}
+		{
+			while (match($0, /\033\[[0-9;]*m/) != 0) {
+				printf "%s<", substr($0, 1, RSTART-1);
+				codes = substr($0, RSTART+2, RLENGTH-3);
+				if (length(codes) == 0)
+					printf "%s", name(0)
+				else {
+					n = split(codes, ary, ";");
+					sep = "";
+					for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
+						printf "%s%s", sep, name(ary[i]);
+						sep = ";"
+					}
+				}
+				printf ">";
+				$0 = substr($0, RSTART + RLENGTH, length($0) - RSTART - RLENGTH + 1);
+			}
+			print
+		}
+	'
+}
+
+nul_to_q () {
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
+}
+
+q_to_nul () {
+	"$PERL_PATH" -pe 'y/Q/\000/'
+}
+
+q_to_cr () {
+	tr Q '\015'
+}
+
+q_to_tab () {
+	tr Q '\011'
+}
+
+append_cr () {
+	sed -e 's/$/Q/' | tr Q '\015'
+}
+
+remove_cr () {
+	tr '\015' Q | sed -e 's/Q$//'
+}
+
+# In some bourne shell implementations, the "unset" builtin returns
+# nonzero status when a variable to be unset was not set in the first
+# place.
+#
+# Use sane_unset when that should not be considered an error.
+
+sane_unset () {
+	unset "$@"
+	return 0
+}
+
+test_tick () {
+	if test -z "${test_tick+set}"
+	then
+		test_tick=1112911993
+	else
+		test_tick=$(($test_tick + 60))
+	fi
+	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$test_tick -0700"
+	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$test_tick -0700"
+	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+}
+
+# Stop execution and start a shell. This is useful for debugging tests and
+# only makes sense together with "-v".
+#
+# Be sure to remove all invocations of this command before submitting.
+
+test_pause () {
+	if test "$verbose" = t; then
+		"$SHELL_PATH" <&6 >&3 2>&4
+	else
+		error >&5 "test_pause requires --verbose"
+	fi
+}
+
+# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents>]]"
+#
+# This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
+# message.  It will also add a tag with <message> as name.
+#
+# Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
+
+test_commit () {
+	notick= &&
+	signoff= &&
+	while test $# != 0
+	do
+		case "$1" in
+		--notick)
+			notick=yes
+			;;
+		--signoff)
+			signoff="$1"
+			;;
+		*)
+			break
+			;;
+		esac
+		shift
+	done &&
+	file=${2:-"$1.t"} &&
+	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
+	git add "$file" &&
+	if test -z "$notick"
+	then
+		test_tick
+	fi &&
+	git commit $signoff -m "$1" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
+# can be a tag pointing to the commit-to-merge.
+
+test_merge () {
+	test_tick &&
+	git merge -m "$1" "$2" &&
+	git tag "$1"
+}
+
+# This function helps systems where core.filemode=false is set.
+# Use it instead of plain 'chmod +x' to set or unset the executable bit
+# of a file in the working directory and add it to the index.
+
+test_chmod () {
+	chmod "$@" &&
+	git update-index --add "--chmod=$@"
+}
+
+# Unset a configuration variable, but don't fail if it doesn't exist.
+test_unconfig () {
+	git config --unset-all "$@"
+	config_status=$?
+	case "$config_status" in
+	5) # ok, nothing to unset
+		config_status=0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return $config_status
+}
+
+# Set git config, automatically unsetting it after the test is over.
+test_config () {
+	test_when_finished "test_unconfig '$1'" &&
+	git config "$@"
+}
+
+test_config_global () {
+	test_when_finished "test_unconfig --global '$1'" &&
+	git config --global "$@"
+}
+
+write_script () {
+	{
+		echo "#!${2-"$SHELL_PATH"}" &&
+		cat
+	} >"$1" &&
+	chmod +x "$1"
+}
+
+# Use test_set_prereq to tell that a particular prerequisite is available.
+# The prerequisite can later be checked for in two ways:
+#
+# - Explicitly using test_have_prereq.
+#
+# - Implicitly by specifying the prerequisite tag in the calls to
+#   test_expect_{success,failure,code}.
+#
+# The single parameter is the prerequisite tag (a simple word, in all
+# capital letters by convention).
+
+test_set_prereq () {
+	satisfied_prereq="$satisfied_prereq$1 "
+}
+satisfied_prereq=" "
+lazily_testable_prereq= lazily_tested_prereq=
+
+# Usage: test_lazy_prereq PREREQ 'script'
+test_lazy_prereq () {
+	lazily_testable_prereq="$lazily_testable_prereq$1 "
+	eval test_prereq_lazily_$1=\$2
+}
+
+test_run_lazy_prereq_ () {
+	script='
+mkdir -p "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/prereq-test-dir" &&
+(
+	cd "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/prereq-test-dir" &&'"$2"'
+)'
+	say >&3 "checking prerequisite: $1"
+	say >&3 "$script"
+	test_eval_ "$script"
+	eval_ret=$?
+	rm -rf "$TRASH_DIRECTORY/prereq-test-dir"
+	if test "$eval_ret" = 0; then
+		say >&3 "prerequisite $1 ok"
+	else
+		say >&3 "prerequisite $1 not satisfied"
+	fi
+	return $eval_ret
+}
+
+test_have_prereq () {
+	# prerequisites can be concatenated with ','
+	save_IFS=$IFS
+	IFS=,
+	set -- $*
+	IFS=$save_IFS
+
+	total_prereq=0
+	ok_prereq=0
+	missing_prereq=
+
+	for prerequisite
+	do
+		case "$prerequisite" in
+		!*)
+			negative_prereq=t
+			prerequisite=${prerequisite#!}
+			;;
+		*)
+			negative_prereq=
+		esac
+
+		case " $lazily_tested_prereq " in
+		*" $prerequisite "*)
+			;;
+		*)
+			case " $lazily_testable_prereq " in
+			*" $prerequisite "*)
+				eval "script=\$test_prereq_lazily_$prerequisite" &&
+				if test_run_lazy_prereq_ "$prerequisite" "$script"
+				then
+					test_set_prereq $prerequisite
+				fi
+				lazily_tested_prereq="$lazily_tested_prereq$prerequisite "
+			esac
+			;;
+		esac
+
+		total_prereq=$(($total_prereq + 1))
+		case "$satisfied_prereq" in
+		*" $prerequisite "*)
+			satisfied_this_prereq=t
+			;;
+		*)
+			satisfied_this_prereq=
+		esac
+
+		case "$satisfied_this_prereq,$negative_prereq" in
+		t,|,t)
+			ok_prereq=$(($ok_prereq + 1))
+			;;
+		*)
+			# Keep a list of missing prerequisites; restore
+			# the negative marker if necessary.
+			prerequisite=${negative_prereq:+!}$prerequisite
+			if test -z "$missing_prereq"
+			then
+				missing_prereq=$prerequisite
+			else
+				missing_prereq="$prerequisite,$missing_prereq"
+			fi
+		esac
+	done
+
+	test $total_prereq = $ok_prereq
+}
+
+test_declared_prereq () {
+	case ",$test_prereq," in
+	*,$1,*)
+		return 0
+		;;
+	esac
+	return 1
+}
+
+test_expect_failure () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
+	test "$#" = 2 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
+	export test_prereq
+	if ! test_skip "$@"
+	then
+		say >&3 "checking known breakage: $2"
+		if test_run_ "$2" expecting_failure
+		then
+			test_known_broken_ok_ "$1"
+		else
+			test_known_broken_failure_ "$1"
+		fi
+	fi
+	echo >&3 ""
+}
+
+test_expect_success () {
+	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
+	test "$#" = 2 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
+	export test_prereq
+	if ! test_skip "$@"
+	then
+		say >&3 "expecting success: $2"
+		if test_run_ "$2"
+		then
+			test_ok_ "$1"
+		else
+			test_failure_ "$@"
+		fi
+	fi
+	echo >&3 ""
+}
+
+# test_external runs external test scripts that provide continuous
+# test output about their progress, and succeeds/fails on
+# zero/non-zero exit code.  It outputs the test output on stdout even
+# in non-verbose mode, and announces the external script with "# run
+# <n>: ..." before running it.  When providing relative paths, keep in
+# mind that all scripts run in "trash directory".
+# Usage: test_external description command arguments...
+# Example: test_external 'Perl API' perl ../path/to/test.pl
+test_external () {
+	test "$#" = 4 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
+	test "$#" = 3 ||
+	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
+	descr="$1"
+	shift
+	export test_prereq
+	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
+	then
+		# Announce the script to reduce confusion about the
+		# test output that follows.
+		say_color "" "# run $test_count: $descr ($*)"
+		# Export TEST_DIRECTORY, TRASH_DIRECTORY and GIT_TEST_LONG
+		# to be able to use them in script
+		export TEST_DIRECTORY TRASH_DIRECTORY GIT_TEST_LONG
+		# Run command; redirect its stderr to &4 as in
+		# test_run_, but keep its stdout on our stdout even in
+		# non-verbose mode.
+		"$@" 2>&4
+		if [ "$?" = 0 ]
+		then
+			if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
+				test_ok_ "$descr"
+			else
+				say_color "" "# test_external test $descr was ok"
+				test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
+			fi
+		else
+			if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
+				test_failure_ "$descr" "$@"
+			else
+				say_color error "# test_external test $descr failed: $@"
+				test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
+			fi
+		fi
+	fi
+}
+
+# Like test_external, but in addition tests that the command generated
+# no output on stderr.
+test_external_without_stderr () {
+	# The temporary file has no (and must have no) security
+	# implications.
+	tmp=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
+	stderr="$tmp/git-external-stderr.$$.tmp"
+	test_external "$@" 4> "$stderr"
+	[ -f "$stderr" ] || error "Internal error: $stderr disappeared."
+	descr="no stderr: $1"
+	shift
+	say >&3 "# expecting no stderr from previous command"
+	if [ ! -s "$stderr" ]; then
+		rm "$stderr"
+
+		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
+			test_ok_ "$descr"
+		else
+			say_color "" "# test_external_without_stderr test $descr was ok"
+			test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
+		fi
+	else
+		if [ "$verbose" = t ]; then
+			output=`echo; echo "# Stderr is:"; cat "$stderr"`
+		else
+			output=
+		fi
+		# rm first in case test_failure exits.
+		rm "$stderr"
+		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
+			test_failure_ "$descr" "$@" "$output"
+		else
+			say_color error "# test_external_without_stderr test $descr failed: $@: $output"
+			test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
+		fi
+	fi
+}
+
+# debugging-friendly alternatives to "test [-f|-d|-e]"
+# The commands test the existence or non-existence of $1. $2 can be
+# given to provide a more precise diagnosis.
+test_path_is_file () {
+	if ! [ -f "$1" ]
+	then
+		echo "File $1 doesn't exist. $*"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+test_path_is_dir () {
+	if ! [ -d "$1" ]
+	then
+		echo "Directory $1 doesn't exist. $*"
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+test_path_is_missing () {
+	if [ -e "$1" ]
+	then
+		echo "Path exists:"
+		ls -ld "$1"
+		if [ $# -ge 1 ]; then
+			echo "$*"
+		fi
+		false
+	fi
+}
+
+# test_line_count checks that a file has the number of lines it
+# ought to. For example:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'produce exactly one line of output' '
+#		do something >output &&
+#		test_line_count = 1 output
+#	'
+#
+# is like "test $(wc -l <output) = 1" except that it passes the
+# output through when the number of lines is wrong.
+
+test_line_count () {
+	if test $# != 3
+	then
+		error "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test_line_count"
+	elif ! test $(wc -l <"$3") "$1" "$2"
+	then
+		echo "test_line_count: line count for $3 !$1 $2"
+		cat "$3"
+		return 1
+	fi
+}
+
+# This is not among top-level (test_expect_success | test_expect_failure)
+# but is a prefix that can be used in the test script, like:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'complain and die' '
+#           do something &&
+#           do something else &&
+#	    test_must_fail git checkout ../outerspace
+#	'
+#
+# Writing this as "! git checkout ../outerspace" is wrong, because
+# the failure could be due to a segv.  We want a controlled failure.
+
+test_must_fail () {
+	"$@"
+	exit_code=$?
+	if test $exit_code = 0; then
+		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command succeeded: $*"
+		return 1
+	elif test $exit_code -gt 129 -a $exit_code -le 192; then
+		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: died by signal: $*"
+		return 1
+	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
+		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command not found: $*"
+		return 1
+	fi
+	return 0
+}
+
+# Similar to test_must_fail, but tolerates success, too.  This is
+# meant to be used in contexts like:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'some command works without configuration' '
+#		test_might_fail git config --unset all.configuration &&
+#		do something
+#	'
+#
+# Writing "git config --unset all.configuration || :" would be wrong,
+# because we want to notice if it fails due to segv.
+
+test_might_fail () {
+	"$@"
+	exit_code=$?
+	if test $exit_code -gt 129 -a $exit_code -le 192; then
+		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: died by signal: $*"
+		return 1
+	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
+		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: command not found: $*"
+		return 1
+	fi
+	return 0
+}
+
+# Similar to test_must_fail and test_might_fail, but check that a
+# given command exited with a given exit code. Meant to be used as:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
+#		test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
+#	'
+
+test_expect_code () {
+	want_code=$1
+	shift
+	"$@"
+	exit_code=$?
+	if test $exit_code = $want_code
+	then
+		return 0
+	fi
+
+	echo >&2 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code, we wanted $want_code $*"
+	return 1
+}
+
+# test_cmp is a helper function to compare actual and expected output.
+# You can use it like:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'foo works' '
+#		echo expected >expected &&
+#		foo >actual &&
+#		test_cmp expected actual
+#	'
+#
+# This could be written as either "cmp" or "diff -u", but:
+# - cmp's output is not nearly as easy to read as diff -u
+# - not all diff versions understand "-u"
+
+test_cmp() {
+	$GIT_TEST_CMP "$@"
+}
+
+# Tests that its two parameters refer to the same revision
+test_cmp_rev () {
+	git rev-parse --verify "$1" >expect.rev &&
+	git rev-parse --verify "$2" >actual.rev &&
+	test_cmp expect.rev actual.rev
+}
+
+# Print a sequence of numbers or letters in increasing order.  This is
+# similar to GNU seq(1), but the latter might not be available
+# everywhere (and does not do letters).  It may be used like:
+#
+#	for i in `test_seq 100`; do
+#		for j in `test_seq 10 20`; do
+#			for k in `test_seq a z`; do
+#				echo $i-$j-$k
+#			done
+#		done
+#	done
+
+test_seq () {
+	case $# in
+	1)	set 1 "$@" ;;
+	2)	;;
+	*)	error "bug in the test script: not 1 or 2 parameters to test_seq" ;;
+	esac
+	"$PERL_PATH" -le 'print for $ARGV[0]..$ARGV[1]' -- "$@"
+}
+
+# This function can be used to schedule some commands to be run
+# unconditionally at the end of the test to restore sanity:
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'test core.capslock' '
+#		git config core.capslock true &&
+#		test_when_finished "git config --unset core.capslock" &&
+#		hello world
+#	'
+#
+# That would be roughly equivalent to
+#
+#	test_expect_success 'test core.capslock' '
+#		git config core.capslock true &&
+#		hello world
+#		git config --unset core.capslock
+#	'
+#
+# except that the greeting and config --unset must both succeed for
+# the test to pass.
+#
+# Note that under --immediate mode, no clean-up is done to help diagnose
+# what went wrong.
+
+test_when_finished () {
+	test_cleanup="{ $*
+		} && (exit \"\$eval_ret\"); eval_ret=\$?; $test_cleanup"
+}
+
+# Most tests can use the created repository, but some may need to create more.
+# Usage: test_create_repo <directory>
+test_create_repo () {
+	test "$#" = 1 ||
+	error "bug in the test script: not 1 parameter to test-create-repo"
+	repo="$1"
+	mkdir -p "$repo"
+	(
+		cd "$repo" || error "Cannot setup test environment"
+		"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-init" "--template=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
+		error "cannot run git init -- have you built things yet?"
+		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
+	) || exit
+}
diff --git a/t/test-lib.sh b/t/test-lib.sh
index bdd9513..9e7f6b4 100644
--- a/t/test-lib.sh
+++ b/t/test-lib.sh
@@ -15,6 +15,38 @@
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/ .
 
+# Keep the original TERM for say_color
+ORIGINAL_TERM=$TERM
+
+# Test the binaries we have just built.  The tests are kept in
+# t/ subdirectory and are run in 'trash directory' subdirectory.
+if test -z "$TEST_DIRECTORY"
+then
+	# We allow tests to override this, in case they want to run tests
+	# outside of t/, e.g. for running tests on the test library
+	# itself.
+	TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
+fi
+if test -z "$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY"
+then
+	# Similarly, override this to store the test-results subdir
+	# elsewhere
+	TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY=$TEST_DIRECTORY
+fi
+GIT_BUILD_DIR="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/..
+
+################################################################
+# It appears that people try to run tests without building...
+"$GIT_BUILD_DIR/git" >/dev/null
+if test $? != 1
+then
+	echo >&2 'error: you do not seem to have built git yet.'
+	exit 1
+fi
+
+. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
+export PERL_PATH SHELL_PATH
+
 # if --tee was passed, write the output not only to the terminal, but
 # additionally to the file test-results/$BASENAME.out, too.
 case "$GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED, $* " in
@@ -24,16 +56,13 @@
 *' --tee '*|*' --va'*)
 	mkdir -p test-results
 	BASE=test-results/$(basename "$0" .sh)
-	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL-sh} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
+	(GIT_TEST_TEE_STARTED=done ${SHELL_PATH} "$0" "$@" 2>&1;
 	 echo $? > $BASE.exit) | tee $BASE.out
 	test "$(cat $BASE.exit)" = 0
 	exit
 	;;
 esac
 
-# Keep the original TERM for say_color
-ORIGINAL_TERM=$TERM
-
 # For repeatability, reset the environment to known value.
 LANG=C
 LC_ALL=C
@@ -42,9 +71,11 @@
 TERM=dumb
 export LANG LC_ALL PAGER TERM TZ
 EDITOR=:
-unset VISUAL
-unset EMAIL
-unset $(perl -e '
+# A call to "unset" with no arguments causes at least Solaris 10
+# /usr/xpg4/bin/sh and /bin/ksh to bail out.  So keep the unsets
+# deriving from the command substitution clustered with the other
+# ones.
+unset VISUAL EMAIL LANGUAGE COLUMNS $("$PERL_PATH" -e '
 	my @env = keys %ENV;
 	my $ok = join("|", qw(
 		TRACE
@@ -54,33 +85,59 @@
 		.*_TEST
 		PROVE
 		VALGRIND
+		UNZIP
+		PERF_
 	));
 	my @vars = grep(/^GIT_/ && !/^GIT_($ok)/o, @env);
 	print join("\n", @vars);
 ')
+unset XDG_CONFIG_HOME
 GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL=author@example.com
 GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='A U Thor'
 GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL=committer@example.com
 GIT_COMMITTER_NAME='C O Mitter'
 GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY=5
-export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY
+GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT=no
+export GIT_MERGE_VERBOSITY GIT_MERGE_AUTOEDIT
 export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
 export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
 export EDITOR
 
+# Add libc MALLOC and MALLOC_PERTURB test
+# only if we are not executing the test with valgrind
+if expr " $GIT_TEST_OPTS " : ".* --valgrind " >/dev/null ||
+   test -n "$TEST_NO_MALLOC_CHECK"
+then
+	setup_malloc_check () {
+		: nothing
+	}
+	teardown_malloc_check () {
+		: nothing
+	}
+else
+	setup_malloc_check () {
+		MALLOC_CHECK_=3	MALLOC_PERTURB_=165
+		export MALLOC_CHECK_ MALLOC_PERTURB_
+	}
+	teardown_malloc_check () {
+		unset MALLOC_CHECK_ MALLOC_PERTURB_
+	}
+fi
+
 # Protect ourselves from common misconfiguration to export
 # CDPATH into the environment
 unset CDPATH
 
 unset GREP_OPTIONS
+unset UNZIP
 
 case $(echo $GIT_TRACE |tr "[A-Z]" "[a-z]") in
-	1|2|true)
-		echo "* warning: Some tests will not work if GIT_TRACE" \
-			"is set as to trace on STDERR ! *"
-		echo "* warning: Please set GIT_TRACE to something" \
-			"other than 1, 2 or true ! *"
-		;;
+1|2|true)
+	echo "* warning: Some tests will not work if GIT_TRACE" \
+		"is set as to trace on STDERR ! *"
+	echo "* warning: Please set GIT_TRACE to something" \
+		"other than 1, 2 or true ! *"
+	;;
 esac
 
 # Convenience
@@ -96,6 +153,8 @@
 LF='
 '
 
+export _x05 _x40 _z40 LF
+
 # Each test should start with something like this, after copyright notices:
 #
 # test_description='Description of this test...
@@ -145,17 +204,25 @@
 	esac
 done
 
-if test -n "$color"; then
+if test -n "$color"
+then
 	say_color () {
 		(
 		TERM=$ORIGINAL_TERM
 		export TERM
 		case "$1" in
-			error) tput bold; tput setaf 1;; # bold red
-			skip)  tput bold; tput setaf 2;; # bold green
-			pass)  tput setaf 2;;            # green
-			info)  tput setaf 3;;            # brown
-			*) test -n "$quiet" && return;;
+		error)
+			tput bold; tput setaf 1;; # bold red
+		skip)
+			tput setaf 4;; # blue
+		warn)
+			tput setaf 3;; # brown/yellow
+		pass)
+			tput setaf 2;; # green
+		info)
+			tput setaf 6;; # cyan
+		*)
+			test -n "$quiet" && return;;
 		esac
 		shift
 		printf "%s" "$*"
@@ -167,7 +234,7 @@
 	say_color() {
 		test -z "$1" && test -n "$quiet" && return
 		shift
-		echo "$*"
+		printf "%s\n" "$*"
 	}
 fi
 
@@ -191,6 +258,7 @@
 fi
 
 exec 5>&1
+exec 6<&0
 if test "$verbose" = "t"
 then
 	exec 4>&2 3>&1
@@ -220,221 +288,9 @@
 GIT_EXIT_OK=
 trap 'die' EXIT
 
-# The semantics of the editor variables are that of invoking
-# sh -c "$EDITOR \"$@\"" files ...
-#
-# If our trash directory contains shell metacharacters, they will be
-# interpreted if we just set $EDITOR directly, so do a little dance with
-# environment variables to work around this.
-#
-# In particular, quoting isn't enough, as the path may contain the same quote
-# that we're using.
-test_set_editor () {
-	FAKE_EDITOR="$1"
-	export FAKE_EDITOR
-	EDITOR='"$FAKE_EDITOR"'
-	export EDITOR
-}
-
-test_decode_color () {
-	awk '
-		function name(n) {
-			if (n == 0) return "RESET";
-			if (n == 1) return "BOLD";
-			if (n == 30) return "BLACK";
-			if (n == 31) return "RED";
-			if (n == 32) return "GREEN";
-			if (n == 33) return "YELLOW";
-			if (n == 34) return "BLUE";
-			if (n == 35) return "MAGENTA";
-			if (n == 36) return "CYAN";
-			if (n == 37) return "WHITE";
-			if (n == 40) return "BLACK";
-			if (n == 41) return "BRED";
-			if (n == 42) return "BGREEN";
-			if (n == 43) return "BYELLOW";
-			if (n == 44) return "BBLUE";
-			if (n == 45) return "BMAGENTA";
-			if (n == 46) return "BCYAN";
-			if (n == 47) return "BWHITE";
-		}
-		{
-			while (match($0, /\033\[[0-9;]*m/) != 0) {
-				printf "%s<", substr($0, 1, RSTART-1);
-				codes = substr($0, RSTART+2, RLENGTH-3);
-				if (length(codes) == 0)
-					printf "%s", name(0)
-				else {
-					n = split(codes, ary, ";");
-					sep = "";
-					for (i = 1; i <= n; i++) {
-						printf "%s%s", sep, name(ary[i]);
-						sep = ";"
-					}
-				}
-				printf ">";
-				$0 = substr($0, RSTART + RLENGTH, length($0) - RSTART - RLENGTH + 1);
-			}
-			print
-		}
-	'
-}
-
-nul_to_q () {
-	perl -pe 'y/\000/Q/'
-}
-
-q_to_nul () {
-	perl -pe 'y/Q/\000/'
-}
-
-q_to_cr () {
-	tr Q '\015'
-}
-
-q_to_tab () {
-	tr Q '\011'
-}
-
-append_cr () {
-	sed -e 's/$/Q/' | tr Q '\015'
-}
-
-remove_cr () {
-	tr '\015' Q | sed -e 's/Q$//'
-}
-
-# In some bourne shell implementations, the "unset" builtin returns
-# nonzero status when a variable to be unset was not set in the first
-# place.
-#
-# Use sane_unset when that should not be considered an error.
-
-sane_unset () {
-	unset "$@"
-	return 0
-}
-
-test_tick () {
-	if test -z "${test_tick+set}"
-	then
-		test_tick=1112911993
-	else
-		test_tick=$(($test_tick + 60))
-	fi
-	GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$test_tick -0700"
-	GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="$test_tick -0700"
-	export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
-}
-
-# Call test_commit with the arguments "<message> [<file> [<contents>]]"
-#
-# This will commit a file with the given contents and the given commit
-# message.  It will also add a tag with <message> as name.
-#
-# Both <file> and <contents> default to <message>.
-
-test_commit () {
-	file=${2:-"$1.t"}
-	echo "${3-$1}" > "$file" &&
-	git add "$file" &&
-	test_tick &&
-	git commit -m "$1" &&
-	git tag "$1"
-}
-
-# Call test_merge with the arguments "<message> <commit>", where <commit>
-# can be a tag pointing to the commit-to-merge.
-
-test_merge () {
-	test_tick &&
-	git merge -m "$1" "$2" &&
-	git tag "$1"
-}
-
-# This function helps systems where core.filemode=false is set.
-# Use it instead of plain 'chmod +x' to set or unset the executable bit
-# of a file in the working directory and add it to the index.
-
-test_chmod () {
-	chmod "$@" &&
-	git update-index --add "--chmod=$@"
-}
-
-# Unset a configuration variable, but don't fail if it doesn't exist.
-test_unconfig () {
-	git config --unset-all "$@"
-	config_status=$?
-	case "$config_status" in
-	5) # ok, nothing to unset
-		config_status=0
-		;;
-	esac
-	return $config_status
-}
-
-# Set git config, automatically unsetting it after the test is over.
-test_config () {
-	test_when_finished "test_unconfig '$1'" &&
-	git config "$@"
-}
-
-# Use test_set_prereq to tell that a particular prerequisite is available.
-# The prerequisite can later be checked for in two ways:
-#
-# - Explicitly using test_have_prereq.
-#
-# - Implicitly by specifying the prerequisite tag in the calls to
-#   test_expect_{success,failure,code}.
-#
-# The single parameter is the prerequisite tag (a simple word, in all
-# capital letters by convention).
-
-test_set_prereq () {
-	satisfied="$satisfied$1 "
-}
-satisfied=" "
-
-test_have_prereq () {
-	# prerequisites can be concatenated with ','
-	save_IFS=$IFS
-	IFS=,
-	set -- $*
-	IFS=$save_IFS
-
-	total_prereq=0
-	ok_prereq=0
-	missing_prereq=
-
-	for prerequisite
-	do
-		total_prereq=$(($total_prereq + 1))
-		case $satisfied in
-		*" $prerequisite "*)
-			ok_prereq=$(($ok_prereq + 1))
-			;;
-		*)
-			# Keep a list of missing prerequisites
-			if test -z "$missing_prereq"
-			then
-				missing_prereq=$prerequisite
-			else
-				missing_prereq="$prerequisite,$missing_prereq"
-			fi
-		esac
-	done
-
-	test $total_prereq = $ok_prereq
-}
-
-test_declared_prereq () {
-	case ",$test_prereq," in
-	*,$1,*)
-		return 0
-		;;
-	esac
-	return 1
-}
+# The user-facing functions are loaded from a separate file so that
+# test_perf subshells can have them too
+. "$TEST_DIRECTORY/test-lib-functions.sh"
 
 # You are not expected to call test_ok_ and test_failure_ directly, use
 # the text_expect_* functions instead.
@@ -446,7 +302,7 @@
 
 test_failure_ () {
 	test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
-	say_color error "not ok - $test_count $1"
+	say_color error "not ok $test_count - $1"
 	shift
 	echo "$@" | sed -e 's/^/#	/'
 	test "$immediate" = "" || { GIT_EXIT_OK=t; exit 1; }
@@ -454,12 +310,12 @@
 
 test_known_broken_ok_ () {
 	test_fixed=$(($test_fixed+1))
-	say_color "" "ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
+	say_color error "ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage vanished"
 }
 
 test_known_broken_failure_ () {
 	test_broken=$(($test_broken+1))
-	say_color skip "not ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
+	say_color warn "not ok $test_count - $@ # TODO known breakage"
 }
 
 test_debug () {
@@ -469,7 +325,7 @@
 test_eval_ () {
 	# This is a separate function because some tests use
 	# "return" to end a test_expect_success block early.
-	eval >&3 2>&4 "$*"
+	eval </dev/null >&3 2>&4 "$*"
 }
 
 test_run_ () {
@@ -480,9 +336,12 @@
 
 	if test -z "$immediate" || test $eval_ret = 0 || test -n "$expecting_failure"
 	then
+		setup_malloc_check
 		test_eval_ "$test_cleanup"
+		teardown_malloc_check
 	fi
-	if test "$verbose" = "t" && test -n "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"; then
+	if test "$verbose" = "t" && test -n "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"
+	then
 		echo ""
 	fi
 	return "$eval_ret"
@@ -522,320 +381,20 @@
 	esac
 }
 
-test_expect_failure () {
-	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
-	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-failure"
-	export test_prereq
-	if ! test_skip "$@"
-	then
-		say >&3 "checking known breakage: $2"
-		if test_run_ "$2" expecting_failure
-		then
-			test_known_broken_ok_ "$1"
-		else
-			test_known_broken_failure_ "$1"
-		fi
-	fi
-	echo >&3 ""
-}
-
-test_expect_success () {
-	test "$#" = 3 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
-	test "$#" = 2 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 2 or 3 parameters to test-expect-success"
-	export test_prereq
-	if ! test_skip "$@"
-	then
-		say >&3 "expecting success: $2"
-		if test_run_ "$2"
-		then
-			test_ok_ "$1"
-		else
-			test_failure_ "$@"
-		fi
-	fi
-	echo >&3 ""
-}
-
-# test_external runs external test scripts that provide continuous
-# test output about their progress, and succeeds/fails on
-# zero/non-zero exit code.  It outputs the test output on stdout even
-# in non-verbose mode, and announces the external script with "# run
-# <n>: ..." before running it.  When providing relative paths, keep in
-# mind that all scripts run in "trash directory".
-# Usage: test_external description command arguments...
-# Example: test_external 'Perl API' perl ../path/to/test.pl
-test_external () {
-	test "$#" = 4 && { test_prereq=$1; shift; } || test_prereq=
-	test "$#" = 3 ||
-	error >&5 "bug in the test script: not 3 or 4 parameters to test_external"
-	descr="$1"
-	shift
-	export test_prereq
-	if ! test_skip "$descr" "$@"
-	then
-		# Announce the script to reduce confusion about the
-		# test output that follows.
-		say_color "" "# run $test_count: $descr ($*)"
-		# Export TEST_DIRECTORY, TRASH_DIRECTORY and GIT_TEST_LONG
-		# to be able to use them in script
-		export TEST_DIRECTORY TRASH_DIRECTORY GIT_TEST_LONG
-		# Run command; redirect its stderr to &4 as in
-		# test_run_, but keep its stdout on our stdout even in
-		# non-verbose mode.
-		"$@" 2>&4
-		if [ "$?" = 0 ]
-		then
-			if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
-				test_ok_ "$descr"
-			else
-				say_color "" "# test_external test $descr was ok"
-				test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
-			fi
-		else
-			if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
-				test_failure_ "$descr" "$@"
-			else
-				say_color error "# test_external test $descr failed: $@"
-				test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
-			fi
-		fi
-	fi
-}
-
-# Like test_external, but in addition tests that the command generated
-# no output on stderr.
-test_external_without_stderr () {
-	# The temporary file has no (and must have no) security
-	# implications.
-	tmp=${TMPDIR:-/tmp}
-	stderr="$tmp/git-external-stderr.$$.tmp"
-	test_external "$@" 4> "$stderr"
-	[ -f "$stderr" ] || error "Internal error: $stderr disappeared."
-	descr="no stderr: $1"
-	shift
-	say >&3 "# expecting no stderr from previous command"
-	if [ ! -s "$stderr" ]; then
-		rm "$stderr"
-
-		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
-			test_ok_ "$descr"
-		else
-			say_color "" "# test_external_without_stderr test $descr was ok"
-			test_success=$(($test_success + 1))
-		fi
-	else
-		if [ "$verbose" = t ]; then
-			output=`echo; echo "# Stderr is:"; cat "$stderr"`
-		else
-			output=
-		fi
-		# rm first in case test_failure exits.
-		rm "$stderr"
-		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
-			test_failure_ "$descr" "$@" "$output"
-		else
-			say_color error "# test_external_without_stderr test $descr failed: $@: $output"
-			test_failure=$(($test_failure + 1))
-		fi
-	fi
-}
-
-# debugging-friendly alternatives to "test [-f|-d|-e]"
-# The commands test the existence or non-existence of $1. $2 can be
-# given to provide a more precise diagnosis.
-test_path_is_file () {
-	if ! [ -f "$1" ]
-	then
-		echo "File $1 doesn't exist. $*"
-		false
-	fi
-}
-
-test_path_is_dir () {
-	if ! [ -d "$1" ]
-	then
-		echo "Directory $1 doesn't exist. $*"
-		false
-	fi
-}
-
-test_path_is_missing () {
-	if [ -e "$1" ]
-	then
-		echo "Path exists:"
-		ls -ld "$1"
-		if [ $# -ge 1 ]; then
-			echo "$*"
-		fi
-		false
-	fi
-}
-
-# test_line_count checks that a file has the number of lines it
-# ought to. For example:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'produce exactly one line of output' '
-#		do something >output &&
-#		test_line_count = 1 output
-#	'
-#
-# is like "test $(wc -l <output) = 1" except that it passes the
-# output through when the number of lines is wrong.
-
-test_line_count () {
-	if test $# != 3
-	then
-		error "bug in the test script: not 3 parameters to test_line_count"
-	elif ! test $(wc -l <"$3") "$1" "$2"
-	then
-		echo "test_line_count: line count for $3 !$1 $2"
-		cat "$3"
-		return 1
-	fi
-}
-
-# This is not among top-level (test_expect_success | test_expect_failure)
-# but is a prefix that can be used in the test script, like:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'complain and die' '
-#           do something &&
-#           do something else &&
-#	    test_must_fail git checkout ../outerspace
-#	'
-#
-# Writing this as "! git checkout ../outerspace" is wrong, because
-# the failure could be due to a segv.  We want a controlled failure.
-
-test_must_fail () {
-	"$@"
-	exit_code=$?
-	if test $exit_code = 0; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command succeeded: $*"
-		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code -gt 129 -a $exit_code -le 192; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: died by signal: $*"
-		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
-		echo >&2 "test_must_fail: command not found: $*"
-		return 1
-	fi
-	return 0
-}
-
-# Similar to test_must_fail, but tolerates success, too.  This is
-# meant to be used in contexts like:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'some command works without configuration' '
-#		test_might_fail git config --unset all.configuration &&
-#		do something
-#	'
-#
-# Writing "git config --unset all.configuration || :" would be wrong,
-# because we want to notice if it fails due to segv.
-
-test_might_fail () {
-	"$@"
-	exit_code=$?
-	if test $exit_code -gt 129 -a $exit_code -le 192; then
-		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: died by signal: $*"
-		return 1
-	elif test $exit_code = 127; then
-		echo >&2 "test_might_fail: command not found: $*"
-		return 1
-	fi
-	return 0
-}
-
-# Similar to test_must_fail and test_might_fail, but check that a
-# given command exited with a given exit code. Meant to be used as:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'Merge with d/f conflicts' '
-#		test_expect_code 1 git merge "merge msg" B master
-#	'
-
-test_expect_code () {
-	want_code=$1
-	shift
-	"$@"
-	exit_code=$?
-	if test $exit_code = $want_code
-	then
-		return 0
-	fi
-
-	echo >&2 "test_expect_code: command exited with $exit_code, we wanted $want_code $*"
-	return 1
-}
-
-# test_cmp is a helper function to compare actual and expected output.
-# You can use it like:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'foo works' '
-#		echo expected >expected &&
-#		foo >actual &&
-#		test_cmp expected actual
-#	'
-#
-# This could be written as either "cmp" or "diff -u", but:
-# - cmp's output is not nearly as easy to read as diff -u
-# - not all diff versions understand "-u"
-
-test_cmp() {
-	$GIT_TEST_CMP "$@"
-}
-
-# This function can be used to schedule some commands to be run
-# unconditionally at the end of the test to restore sanity:
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'test core.capslock' '
-#		git config core.capslock true &&
-#		test_when_finished "git config --unset core.capslock" &&
-#		hello world
-#	'
-#
-# That would be roughly equivalent to
-#
-#	test_expect_success 'test core.capslock' '
-#		git config core.capslock true &&
-#		hello world
-#		git config --unset core.capslock
-#	'
-#
-# except that the greeting and config --unset must both succeed for
-# the test to pass.
-#
-# Note that under --immediate mode, no clean-up is done to help diagnose
-# what went wrong.
-
-test_when_finished () {
-	test_cleanup="{ $*
-		} && (exit \"\$eval_ret\"); eval_ret=\$?; $test_cleanup"
-}
-
-# Most tests can use the created repository, but some may need to create more.
-# Usage: test_create_repo <directory>
-test_create_repo () {
-	test "$#" = 1 ||
-	error "bug in the test script: not 1 parameter to test-create-repo"
-	repo="$1"
-	mkdir -p "$repo"
-	(
-		cd "$repo" || error "Cannot setup test environment"
-		"$GIT_EXEC_PATH/git-init" "--template=$GIT_BUILD_DIR/templates/blt/" >&3 2>&4 ||
-		error "cannot run git init -- have you built things yet?"
-		mv .git/hooks .git/hooks-disabled
-	) || exit
+# stub; perf-lib overrides it
+test_at_end_hook_ () {
+	:
 }
 
 test_done () {
 	GIT_EXIT_OK=t
 
-	if test -z "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"; then
-		test_results_dir="$TEST_DIRECTORY/test-results"
+	if test -z "$HARNESS_ACTIVE"
+	then
+		test_results_dir="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/test-results"
 		mkdir -p "$test_results_dir"
-		test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${0%.sh}-$$.counts"
+		base=${0##*/}
+		test_results_path="$test_results_dir/${base%.sh}-$$.counts"
 
 		cat >>"$test_results_path" <<-EOF
 		total $test_count
@@ -849,22 +408,35 @@
 
 	if test "$test_fixed" != 0
 	then
-		say_color pass "# fixed $test_fixed known breakage(s)"
+		say_color error "# $test_fixed known breakage(s) vanished; please update test(s)"
 	fi
 	if test "$test_broken" != 0
 	then
-		say_color error "# still have $test_broken known breakage(s)"
-		msg="remaining $(($test_count-$test_broken)) test(s)"
+		say_color warn "# still have $test_broken known breakage(s)"
+	fi
+	if test "$test_broken" != 0 || test "$test_fixed" != 0
+	then
+		test_remaining=$(( $test_count - $test_broken - $test_fixed ))
+		msg="remaining $test_remaining test(s)"
 	else
+		test_remaining=$test_count
 		msg="$test_count test(s)"
 	fi
 	case "$test_failure" in
 	0)
 		# Maybe print SKIP message
+		if test -n "$skip_all" && test $test_count -gt 0
+		then
+			error "Can't use skip_all after running some tests"
+		fi
 		[ -z "$skip_all" ] || skip_all=" # SKIP $skip_all"
 
-		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
-			say_color pass "# passed all $msg"
+		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0
+		then
+			if test $test_remaining -gt 0
+			then
+				say_color pass "# passed all $msg"
+			fi
 			say "1..$test_count$skip_all"
 		fi
 
@@ -872,10 +444,13 @@
 		cd "$(dirname "$remove_trash")" &&
 		rm -rf "$(basename "$remove_trash")"
 
+		test_at_end_hook_
+
 		exit 0 ;;
 
 	*)
-		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0; then
+		if test $test_external_has_tap -eq 0
+		then
 			say_color error "# failed $test_failure among $msg"
 			say "1..$test_count"
 		fi
@@ -885,17 +460,6 @@
 	esac
 }
 
-# Test the binaries we have just built.  The tests are kept in
-# t/ subdirectory and are run in 'trash directory' subdirectory.
-if test -z "$TEST_DIRECTORY"
-then
-	# We allow tests to override this, in case they want to run tests
-	# outside of t/, e.g. for running tests on the test library
-	# itself.
-	TEST_DIRECTORY=$(pwd)
-fi
-GIT_BUILD_DIR="$TEST_DIRECTORY"/..
-
 if test -n "$valgrind"
 then
 	make_symlink () {
@@ -966,22 +530,26 @@
 	PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin:$PATH
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_VALGRIND/bin
 	export GIT_VALGRIND
-elif test -n "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED" ; then
+elif test -n "$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED"
+then
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$($GIT_TEST_INSTALLED/git --exec-path)  ||
 	error "Cannot run git from $GIT_TEST_INSTALLED."
 	PATH=$GIT_TEST_INSTALLED:$GIT_BUILD_DIR:$PATH
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=${GIT_TEST_EXEC_PATH:-$GIT_EXEC_PATH}
 else # normal case, use ../bin-wrappers only unless $with_dashes:
 	git_bin_dir="$GIT_BUILD_DIR/bin-wrappers"
-	if ! test -x "$git_bin_dir/git" ; then
-		if test -z "$with_dashes" ; then
+	if ! test -x "$git_bin_dir/git"
+	then
+		if test -z "$with_dashes"
+		then
 			say "$git_bin_dir/git is not executable; using GIT_EXEC_PATH"
 		fi
 		with_dashes=t
 	fi
 	PATH="$git_bin_dir:$PATH"
 	GIT_EXEC_PATH=$GIT_BUILD_DIR
-	if test -n "$with_dashes" ; then
+	if test -n "$with_dashes"
+	then
 		PATH="$GIT_BUILD_DIR:$PATH"
 	fi
 fi
@@ -991,8 +559,6 @@
 GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM=1
 export PATH GIT_EXEC_PATH GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR GIT_CONFIG_NOSYSTEM GIT_ATTR_NOSYSTEM
 
-. "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/GIT-BUILD-OPTIONS
-
 if test -z "$GIT_TEST_CMP"
 then
 	if test -n "$GIT_TEST_CMP_USE_COPIED_CONTEXT"
@@ -1018,7 +584,8 @@
 	}
 fi
 
-if ! test -x "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/test-chmtime; then
+if ! test -x "$GIT_BUILD_DIR"/test-chmtime
+then
 	echo >&2 'You need to build test-chmtime:'
 	echo >&2 'Run "make test-chmtime" in the source (toplevel) directory'
 	exit 1
@@ -1029,7 +596,7 @@
 test -n "$root" && test="$root/$test"
 case "$test" in
 /*) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$test" ;;
- *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_DIRECTORY/$test" ;;
+ *) TRASH_DIRECTORY="$TEST_OUTPUT_DIRECTORY/$test" ;;
 esac
 test ! -z "$debug" || remove_trash=$TRASH_DIRECTORY
 rm -fr "$test" || {
@@ -1041,7 +608,12 @@
 HOME="$TRASH_DIRECTORY"
 export HOME
 
-test_create_repo "$test"
+if test -z "$TEST_NO_CREATE_REPO"
+then
+	test_create_repo "$test"
+else
+	mkdir -p "$test"
+fi
 # Use -P to resolve symlinks in our working directory so that the cwd
 # in subprocesses like git equals our $PWD (for pathname comparisons).
 cd -P "$test" || exit 1
@@ -1052,7 +624,7 @@
 do
 	case "$this_test" in
 	$skp)
-		say_color skip >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
+		say_color info >&3 "skipping test $this_test altogether"
 		skip_all="skip all tests in $this_test"
 		test_done
 	esac
@@ -1094,12 +666,14 @@
 	# backslashes in pathspec are converted to '/'
 	# exec does not inherit the PID
 	test_set_prereq MINGW
+	test_set_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
 	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
 	;;
 *CYGWIN*)
 	test_set_prereq POSIXPERM
 	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
 	test_set_prereq NOT_MINGW
+	test_set_prereq CYGWIN
 	test_set_prereq SED_STRIPS_CR
 	;;
 *)
@@ -1107,18 +681,22 @@
 	test_set_prereq BSLASHPSPEC
 	test_set_prereq EXECKEEPSPID
 	test_set_prereq NOT_MINGW
+	test_set_prereq NOT_CYGWIN
 	;;
 esac
 
+( COLUMNS=1 && test $COLUMNS = 1 ) && test_set_prereq COLUMNS_CAN_BE_1
 test -z "$NO_PERL" && test_set_prereq PERL
 test -z "$NO_PYTHON" && test_set_prereq PYTHON
 test -n "$USE_LIBPCRE" && test_set_prereq LIBPCRE
+test -z "$NO_GETTEXT" && test_set_prereq GETTEXT
 
 # Can we rely on git's output in the C locale?
 if test -n "$GETTEXT_POISON"
 then
 	GIT_GETTEXT_POISON=YesPlease
 	export GIT_GETTEXT_POISON
+	test_set_prereq GETTEXT_POISON
 else
 	test_set_prereq C_LOCALE_OUTPUT
 fi
@@ -1149,9 +727,35 @@
 	fi
 }
 
-# test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
-ln -s x y 2>/dev/null && test -h y 2>/dev/null && test_set_prereq SYMLINKS
-rm -f y
+test_lazy_prereq SYMLINKS '
+	# test whether the filesystem supports symbolic links
+	ln -s x y && test -h y
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq CASE_INSENSITIVE_FS '
+	echo good >CamelCase &&
+	echo bad >camelcase &&
+	test "$(cat CamelCase)" != good
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq UTF8_NFD_TO_NFC '
+	# check whether FS converts nfd unicode to nfc
+	auml=$(printf "\303\244")
+	aumlcdiar=$(printf "\141\314\210")
+	>"$auml" &&
+	case "$(echo *)" in
+	"$aumlcdiar")
+		true ;;
+	*)
+		false ;;
+	esac
+'
+
+test_lazy_prereq AUTOIDENT '
+	sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_NAME &&
+	sane_unset GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL &&
+	git var GIT_AUTHOR_IDENT
+'
 
 # When the tests are run as root, permission tests will report that
 # things are writable when they shouldn't be.
diff --git a/t/test-terminal.perl b/t/test-terminal.perl
index ee01eb9..1fb373f 100755
--- a/t/test-terminal.perl
+++ b/t/test-terminal.perl
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@
 	} elsif ($? & 127) {
 		my $code = $? & 127;
 		warn "died of signal $code";
-		return $code - 128;
+		return $code + 128;
 	} else {
 		return $? >> 8;
 	}
@@ -69,6 +69,10 @@
 }
 my $master_out = new IO::Pty;
 my $master_err = new IO::Pty;
+$master_out->set_raw();
+$master_err->set_raw();
+$master_out->slave->set_raw();
+$master_err->slave->set_raw();
 my $pid = start_child(\@ARGV, $master_out->slave, $master_err->slave);
 close $master_out->slave;
 close $master_err->slave;
diff --git a/tag.c b/tag.c
index 3aa186d..78d272b 100644
--- a/tag.c
+++ b/tag.c
@@ -24,6 +24,18 @@
 	return o;
 }
 
+struct object *deref_tag_noverify(struct object *o)
+{
+	while (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
+		o = parse_object(o->sha1);
+		if (o && o->type == OBJ_TAG && ((struct tag *)o)->tagged)
+			o = ((struct tag *)o)->tagged;
+		else
+			o = NULL;
+	}
+	return o;
+}
+
 struct tag *lookup_tag(const unsigned char *sha1)
 {
 	struct object *obj = lookup_object(sha1);
diff --git a/tag.h b/tag.h
index 5ee88e6..bc8a1e4 100644
--- a/tag.h
+++ b/tag.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 extern int parse_tag_buffer(struct tag *item, const void *data, unsigned long size);
 extern int parse_tag(struct tag *item);
 extern struct object *deref_tag(struct object *, const char *, int);
+extern struct object *deref_tag_noverify(struct object *);
 extern size_t parse_signature(const char *buf, unsigned long size);
 
 #endif /* TAG_H */
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
index b187c4b..18c4829 100755
--- a/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-commit.sample
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@
 # If you want to allow non-ascii filenames set this variable to true.
 allownonascii=$(git config hooks.allownonascii)
 
+# Redirect output to stderr.
+exec 1>&2
+
 # Cross platform projects tend to avoid non-ascii filenames; prevent
 # them from being added to the repository. We exploit the fact that the
 # printable range starts at the space character and ends with tilde.
@@ -25,8 +28,8 @@
 	# Note that the use of brackets around a tr range is ok here, (it's
 	# even required, for portability to Solaris 10's /usr/bin/tr), since
 	# the square bracket bytes happen to fall in the designated range.
-	test "$(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A -z $against |
-	  LC_ALL=C tr -d '[ -~]\0')"
+	test $(git diff --cached --name-only --diff-filter=A -z $against |
+	  LC_ALL=C tr -d '[ -~]\0' | wc -c) != 0
 then
 	echo "Error: Attempt to add a non-ascii file name."
 	echo
@@ -43,4 +46,5 @@
 	exit 1
 fi
 
+# If there are whitespace errors, print the offending file names and fail.
 exec git diff-index --check --cached $against --
diff --git a/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..15ab6d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/templates/hooks--pre-push.sample
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+
+# An example hook script to verify what is about to be pushed.  Called by "git
+# push" after it has checked the remote status, but before anything has been
+# pushed.  If this script exits with a non-zero status nothing will be pushed.
+#
+# This hook is called with the following parameters:
+#
+# $1 -- Name of the remote to which the push is being done
+# $2 -- URL to which the push is being done
+#
+# If pushing without using a named remote those arguments will be equal.
+#
+# Information about the commits which are being pushed is supplied as lines to
+# the standard input in the form:
+#
+#   <local ref> <local sha1> <remote ref> <remote sha1>
+#
+# This sample shows how to prevent push of commits where the log message starts
+# with "WIP" (work in progress).
+
+remote="$1"
+url="$2"
+
+z40=0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
+
+IFS=' '
+while read local_ref local_sha remote_ref remote_sha
+do
+	if [ "$local_sha" = $z40 ]
+	then
+		# Handle delete
+	else
+		if [ "$remote_sha" = $z40 ]
+		then
+			# New branch, examine all commits
+			range="$local_sha"
+		else
+			# Update to existing branch, examine new commits
+			range="$remote_sha..$local_sha"
+		fi
+
+		# Check for WIP commit
+		commit=`git rev-list -n 1 --grep '^WIP' "$range"`
+		if [ -n "$commit" ]
+		then
+			echo "Found WIP commit in $local_ref, not pushing"
+			exit 1
+		fi
+	fi
+done
+
+exit 0
diff --git a/test-date.c b/test-date.c
index 6bcd5b0..10afaab 100644
--- a/test-date.c
+++ b/test-date.c
@@ -7,13 +7,14 @@
 
 static void show_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
 {
-	char buf[128];
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
 	for (; *argv; argv++) {
 		time_t t = atoi(*argv);
-		show_date_relative(t, 0, now, buf, sizeof(buf));
-		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, buf);
+		show_date_relative(t, 0, now, &buf);
+		printf("%s -> %s\n", *argv, buf.buf);
 	}
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
 static void parse_dates(char **argv, struct timeval *now)
diff --git a/test-dump-cache-tree.c b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
index 1f73f1e..a6ffdf3 100644
--- a/test-dump-cache-tree.c
+++ b/test-dump-cache-tree.c
@@ -59,6 +59,6 @@
 	struct cache_tree *another = cache_tree();
 	if (read_cache() < 0)
 		die("unable to read index file");
-	cache_tree_update(another, active_cache, active_nr, 0, 1);
+	cache_tree_update(another, active_cache, active_nr, WRITE_TREE_DRY_RUN);
 	return dump_cache_tree(active_cache_tree, another, "");
 }
diff --git a/test-line-buffer.c b/test-line-buffer.c
index 7ec9b13..ef1d7ba 100644
--- a/test-line-buffer.c
+++ b/test-line-buffer.c
@@ -87,6 +87,5 @@
 		die("input error");
 	if (ferror(stdout))
 		die("output error");
-	buffer_reset(&stdin_buf);
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/test-mergesort.c b/test-mergesort.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3f388b4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-mergesort.c
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "mergesort.h"
+
+struct line {
+	char *text;
+	struct line *next;
+};
+
+static void *get_next(const void *a)
+{
+	return ((const struct line *)a)->next;
+}
+
+static void set_next(void *a, void *b)
+{
+	((struct line *)a)->next = b;
+}
+
+static int compare_strings(const void *a, const void *b)
+{
+	const struct line *x = a, *y = b;
+	return strcmp(x->text, y->text);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
+{
+	struct line *line, *p = NULL, *lines = NULL;
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		if (strbuf_getwholeline(&sb, stdin, '\n'))
+			break;
+		line = xmalloc(sizeof(struct line));
+		line->text = strbuf_detach(&sb, NULL);
+		if (p) {
+			line->next = p->next;
+			p->next = line;
+		} else {
+			line->next = NULL;
+			lines = line;
+		}
+		p = line;
+	}
+
+	lines = llist_mergesort(lines, get_next, set_next, compare_strings);
+
+	while (lines) {
+		printf("%s", lines->text);
+		lines = lines->next;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-obj-pool.c b/test-obj-pool.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 5018863..0000000
--- a/test-obj-pool.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,116 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * test-obj-pool.c: code to exercise the svn importer's object pool
- */
-
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "vcs-svn/obj_pool.h"
-
-enum pool { POOL_ONE, POOL_TWO };
-obj_pool_gen(one, int, 1)
-obj_pool_gen(two, int, 4096)
-
-static uint32_t strtouint32(const char *s)
-{
-	char *end;
-	uintmax_t n = strtoumax(s, &end, 10);
-	if (*s == '\0' || (*end != '\n' && *end != '\0'))
-		die("invalid offset: %s", s);
-	return (uint32_t) n;
-}
-
-static void handle_command(const char *command, enum pool pool, const char *arg)
-{
-	switch (*command) {
-	case 'a':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "alloc ")) {
-			uint32_t n = strtouint32(arg);
-			printf("%"PRIu32"\n",
-				pool == POOL_ONE ?
-				one_alloc(n) : two_alloc(n));
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'c':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "commit ")) {
-			pool == POOL_ONE ? one_commit() : two_commit();
-			return;
-		}
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "committed ")) {
-			printf("%"PRIu32"\n",
-				pool == POOL_ONE ?
-				one_pool.committed : two_pool.committed);
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'f':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "free ")) {
-			uint32_t n = strtouint32(arg);
-			pool == POOL_ONE ? one_free(n) : two_free(n);
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'n':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "null ")) {
-			printf("%"PRIu32"\n",
-				pool == POOL_ONE ?
-				one_offset(NULL) : two_offset(NULL));
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'o':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "offset ")) {
-			uint32_t n = strtouint32(arg);
-			printf("%"PRIu32"\n",
-				pool == POOL_ONE ?
-				one_offset(one_pointer(n)) :
-				two_offset(two_pointer(n)));
-			return;
-		}
-	case 'r':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "reset ")) {
-			pool == POOL_ONE ? one_reset() : two_reset();
-			return;
-		}
-	case 's':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "set ")) {
-			uint32_t n = strtouint32(arg);
-			if (pool == POOL_ONE)
-				*one_pointer(n) = 1;
-			else
-				*two_pointer(n) = 1;
-			return;
-		}
-	case 't':
-		if (!prefixcmp(command, "test ")) {
-			uint32_t n = strtouint32(arg);
-			printf("%d\n", pool == POOL_ONE ?
-				*one_pointer(n) : *two_pointer(n));
-			return;
-		}
-	default:
-		die("unrecognized command: %s", command);
-	}
-}
-
-static void handle_line(const char *line)
-{
-	const char *arg = strchr(line, ' ');
-	enum pool pool;
-
-	if (arg && !prefixcmp(arg + 1, "one"))
-		pool = POOL_ONE;
-	else if (arg && !prefixcmp(arg + 1, "two"))
-		pool = POOL_TWO;
-	else
-		die("no pool specified: %s", line);
-
-	handle_command(line, pool, arg + strlen("one "));
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("test-obj-str < script");
-
-	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF)
-		handle_line(sb.buf);
-	strbuf_release(&sb);
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/test-parse-options.c b/test-parse-options.c
index 36487c4..3c9510a 100644
--- a/test-parse-options.c
+++ b/test-parse-options.c
@@ -37,7 +37,11 @@
 		NULL
 	};
 	struct option options[] = {
-		OPT_BOOLEAN('b', "boolean", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
+		OPT_BOOL(0, "yes", &boolean, "get a boolean"),
+		OPT_BOOL('D', "no-doubt", &boolean, "begins with 'no-'"),
+		{ OPTION_SET_INT, 'B', "no-fear", &boolean, NULL,
+		  "be brave", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG, NULL, 1 },
+		OPT_COUNTUP('b', "boolean", &boolean, "increment by one"),
 		OPT_BIT('4', "or4", &boolean,
 			"bitwise-or boolean with ...0100", 4),
 		OPT_NEGBIT(0, "neg-or4", &boolean, "same as --no-or4", 4),
@@ -62,11 +66,11 @@
 		OPT_ARGUMENT("quux", "means --quux"),
 		OPT_NUMBER_CALLBACK(&integer, "set integer to NUM",
 			number_callback),
-		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, '+', NULL, &boolean, NULL, "same as -b",
 		  PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG | PARSE_OPT_NODASH },
-		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
 		  "positive ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
-		{ OPTION_BOOLEAN, 0, "no-ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
+		{ OPTION_COUNTUP, 0, "no-ambiguous", &ambiguous, NULL,
 		  "negative ambiguity", PARSE_OPT_NOARG | PARSE_OPT_NONEG },
 		OPT_GROUP("Standard options"),
 		OPT__ABBREV(&abbrev),
diff --git a/test-path-utils.c b/test-path-utils.c
index 3bc20e9..0092cbf 100644
--- a/test-path-utils.c
+++ b/test-path-utils.c
@@ -1,4 +1,32 @@
 #include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+/*
+ * A "string_list_each_func_t" function that normalizes an entry from
+ * GIT_CEILING_DIRECTORIES.  If the path is unusable for some reason,
+ * die with an explanation.
+ */
+static int normalize_ceiling_entry(struct string_list_item *item, void *unused)
+{
+	const char *ceil = item->string;
+	int len = strlen(ceil);
+	char buf[PATH_MAX+1];
+
+	if (len == 0)
+		die("Empty path is not supported");
+	if (len > PATH_MAX)
+		die("Path \"%s\" is too long", ceil);
+	if (!is_absolute_path(ceil))
+		die("Path \"%s\" is not absolute", ceil);
+	if (normalize_path_copy(buf, ceil) < 0)
+		die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", ceil);
+	len = strlen(buf);
+	if (len > 1 && buf[len-1] == '/')
+		die("Normalized path \"%s\" ended with slash", buf);
+	free(item->string);
+	item->string = xstrdup(buf);
+	return 1;
+}
 
 int main(int argc, char **argv)
 {
@@ -30,7 +58,28 @@
 	}
 
 	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "longest_ancestor_length")) {
-		int len = longest_ancestor_length(argv[2], argv[3]);
+		int len;
+		struct string_list ceiling_dirs = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		char *path = xstrdup(argv[2]);
+
+		/*
+		 * We have to normalize the arguments because under
+		 * Windows, bash mangles arguments that look like
+		 * absolute POSIX paths or colon-separate lists of
+		 * absolute POSIX paths into DOS paths (e.g.,
+		 * "/foo:/foo/bar" might be converted to
+		 * "D:\Src\msysgit\foo;D:\Src\msysgit\foo\bar"),
+		 * whereas longest_ancestor_length() requires paths
+		 * that use forward slashes.
+		 */
+		if (normalize_path_copy(path, path))
+			die("Path \"%s\" could not be normalized", argv[2]);
+		string_list_split(&ceiling_dirs, argv[3], PATH_SEP, -1);
+		filter_string_list(&ceiling_dirs, 0,
+				   normalize_ceiling_entry, NULL);
+		len = longest_ancestor_length(path, &ceiling_dirs);
+		string_list_clear(&ceiling_dirs, 0);
+		free(path);
 		printf("%d\n", len);
 		return 0;
 	}
diff --git a/test-regex.c b/test-regex.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5bfd54
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-regex.c
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+#include <git-compat-util.h>
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	char *pat = "[^={} \t]+";
+	char *str = "={}\nfred";
+	regex_t r;
+	regmatch_t m[1];
+
+	if (regcomp(&r, pat, REG_EXTENDED | REG_NEWLINE))
+		die("failed regcomp() for pattern '%s'", pat);
+	if (regexec(&r, str, 1, m, 0))
+		die("no match of pattern '%s' to string '%s'", pat, str);
+
+	/* http://sourceware.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=3957  */
+	if (m[0].rm_so == 3) /* matches '\n' when it should not */
+		die("regex bug confirmed: re-build git with NO_REGEX=1");
+
+	exit(0);
+}
diff --git a/test-revision-walking.c b/test-revision-walking.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3ade02c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-revision-walking.c
@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+/*
+ * test-revision-walking.c: test revision walking API.
+ *
+ * (C) 2012 Heiko Voigt <hvoigt@hvoigt.net>
+ *
+ * This code is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ * it under the terms of the GNU General Public License version 2 as
+ * published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ */
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "commit.h"
+#include "diff.h"
+#include "revision.h"
+
+static void print_commit(struct commit *commit)
+{
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+	struct pretty_print_context ctx = {0};
+	ctx.date_mode = DATE_NORMAL;
+	format_commit_message(commit, " %m %s", &sb, &ctx);
+	printf("%s\n", sb.buf);
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+}
+
+static int run_revision_walk(void)
+{
+	struct rev_info rev;
+	struct commit *commit;
+	const char *argv[] = {NULL, "--all", NULL};
+	int argc = ARRAY_SIZE(argv) - 1;
+	int got_revision = 0;
+
+	init_revisions(&rev, NULL);
+	setup_revisions(argc, argv, &rev, NULL);
+	if (prepare_revision_walk(&rev))
+		die("revision walk setup failed");
+
+	while ((commit = get_revision(&rev)) != NULL) {
+		print_commit(commit);
+		got_revision = 1;
+	}
+
+	reset_revision_walk();
+	return got_revision;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc < 2)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "run-twice")) {
+		printf("1st\n");
+		if (!run_revision_walk())
+			return 1;
+		printf("2nd\n");
+		if (!run_revision_walk())
+			return 1;
+
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "check usage\n");
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/test-scrap-cache-tree.c b/test-scrap-cache-tree.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4728013
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-scrap-cache-tree.c
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "tree.h"
+#include "cache-tree.h"
+
+static struct lock_file index_lock;
+
+int main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	int fd = hold_locked_index(&index_lock, 1);
+	if (read_cache() < 0)
+		die("unable to read index file");
+	active_cache_tree = NULL;
+	if (write_cache(fd, active_cache, active_nr)
+	    || commit_lock_file(&index_lock))
+		die("unable to write index file");
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/test-string-list.c b/test-string-list.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..00ce6c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-string-list.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
+
+/*
+ * Parse an argument into a string list.  arg should either be a
+ * ':'-separated list of strings, or "-" to indicate an empty string
+ * list (as opposed to "", which indicates a string list containing a
+ * single empty string).  list->strdup_strings must be set.
+ */
+static void parse_string_list(struct string_list *list, const char *arg)
+{
+	if (!strcmp(arg, "-"))
+		return;
+
+	(void)string_list_split(list, arg, ':', -1);
+}
+
+static void write_list(const struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < list->nr; i++)
+		printf("[%d]: \"%s\"\n", i, list->items[i].string);
+}
+
+static void write_list_compact(const struct string_list *list)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (!list->nr)
+		printf("-\n");
+	else {
+		printf("%s", list->items[0].string);
+		for (i = 1; i < list->nr; i++)
+			printf(":%s", list->items[i].string);
+		printf("\n");
+	}
+}
+
+static int prefix_cb(struct string_list_item *item, void *cb_data)
+{
+	const char *prefix = (const char *)cb_data;
+	return !prefixcmp(item->string, prefix);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	if (argc == 5 && !strcmp(argv[1], "split")) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		int i;
+		const char *s = argv[2];
+		int delim = *argv[3];
+		int maxsplit = atoi(argv[4]);
+
+		i = string_list_split(&list, s, delim, maxsplit);
+		printf("%d\n", i);
+		write_list(&list);
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 5 && !strcmp(argv[1], "split_in_place")) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_NODUP;
+		int i;
+		char *s = xstrdup(argv[2]);
+		int delim = *argv[3];
+		int maxsplit = atoi(argv[4]);
+
+		i = string_list_split_in_place(&list, s, delim, maxsplit);
+		printf("%d\n", i);
+		write_list(&list);
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+		free(s);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 4 && !strcmp(argv[1], "filter")) {
+		/*
+		 * Retain only the items that have the specified prefix.
+		 * Arguments: list|- prefix
+		 */
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+		const char *prefix = argv[3];
+
+		parse_string_list(&list, argv[2]);
+		filter_string_list(&list, 0, prefix_cb, (void *)prefix);
+		write_list_compact(&list);
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc == 3 && !strcmp(argv[1], "remove_duplicates")) {
+		struct string_list list = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+
+		parse_string_list(&list, argv[2]);
+		string_list_remove_duplicates(&list, 0);
+		write_list_compact(&list);
+		string_list_clear(&list, 0);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "%s: unknown function name: %s\n", argv[0],
+		argv[1] ? argv[1] : "(there was none)");
+	return 1;
+}
diff --git a/test-string-pool.c b/test-string-pool.c
deleted file mode 100644
index c5782e6..0000000
--- a/test-string-pool.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,31 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * test-string-pool.c: code to exercise the svn importer's string pool
- */
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-#include "vcs-svn/string_pool.h"
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	const uint32_t unequal = pool_intern("does not equal");
-	const uint32_t equal = pool_intern("equals");
-	uint32_t buf[3];
-	uint32_t n;
-
-	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("test-string-pool <string>,<string>");
-
-	n = pool_tok_seq(3, buf, ",-", argv[1]);
-	if (n >= 3)
-		die("too many strings");
-	if (n <= 1)
-		die("too few strings");
-
-	buf[2] = buf[1];
-	buf[1] = (buf[0] == buf[2]) ? equal : unequal;
-	pool_print_seq(3, buf, ' ', stdout);
-	fputc('\n', stdout);
-
-	pool_reset();
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/test-subprocess.c b/test-subprocess.c
index 8926bc5..f2d4c0d 100644
--- a/test-subprocess.c
+++ b/test-subprocess.c
@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 
-int main(int argc, char **argv)
+int main(int argc, const char **argv)
 {
 	struct child_process cp;
 	int nogit = 0;
@@ -9,12 +9,12 @@
 	setup_git_directory_gently(&nogit);
 	if (nogit)
 		die("No git repo found");
-	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "--setup-work-tree")) {
+	if (argc > 1 && !strcmp(argv[1], "--setup-work-tree")) {
 		setup_work_tree();
 		argv++;
 	}
 	memset(&cp, 0, sizeof(cp));
 	cp.git_cmd = 1;
-	cp.argv = (const char **)argv+1;
+	cp.argv = argv + 1;
 	return run_command(&cp);
 }
diff --git a/test-svn-fe.c b/test-svn-fe.c
index b42ba78..0f2d9a4 100644
--- a/test-svn-fe.c
+++ b/test-svn-fe.c
@@ -4,15 +4,49 @@
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "vcs-svn/svndump.h"
+#include "vcs-svn/svndiff.h"
+#include "vcs-svn/sliding_window.h"
+#include "vcs-svn/line_buffer.h"
+
+static const char test_svnfe_usage[] =
+	"test-svn-fe (<dumpfile> | [-d] <preimage> <delta> <len>)";
+
+static int apply_delta(int argc, char *argv[])
+{
+	struct line_buffer preimage = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
+	struct line_buffer delta = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
+	struct sliding_view preimage_view = SLIDING_VIEW_INIT(&preimage, -1);
+
+	if (argc != 5)
+		usage(test_svnfe_usage);
+
+	if (buffer_init(&preimage, argv[2]))
+		die_errno("cannot open preimage");
+	if (buffer_init(&delta, argv[3]))
+		die_errno("cannot open delta");
+	if (svndiff0_apply(&delta, (off_t) strtoull(argv[4], NULL, 0),
+					&preimage_view, stdout))
+		return 1;
+	if (buffer_deinit(&preimage))
+		die_errno("cannot close preimage");
+	if (buffer_deinit(&delta))
+		die_errno("cannot close delta");
+	strbuf_release(&preimage_view.buf);
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
 {
-	if (argc != 2)
-		usage("test-svn-fe <file>");
-	if (svndump_init(argv[1]))
-		return 1;
-	svndump_read(NULL);
-	svndump_deinit();
-	svndump_reset();
-	return 0;
+	if (argc == 2) {
+		if (svndump_init(argv[1]))
+			return 1;
+		svndump_read(NULL, "refs/heads/master", "refs/notes/svn/revs");
+		svndump_deinit();
+		svndump_reset();
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (argc >= 2 && !strcmp(argv[1], "-d"))
+		return apply_delta(argc, argv);
+	usage(test_svnfe_usage);
 }
diff --git a/test-treap.c b/test-treap.c
deleted file mode 100644
index ab8c951..0000000
--- a/test-treap.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,70 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * test-treap.c: code to exercise the svn importer's treap structure
- */
-
-#include "cache.h"
-#include "vcs-svn/obj_pool.h"
-#include "vcs-svn/trp.h"
-
-struct int_node {
-	uintmax_t n;
-	struct trp_node children;
-};
-
-obj_pool_gen(node, struct int_node, 3)
-
-static int node_cmp(struct int_node *a, struct int_node *b)
-{
-	return (a->n > b->n) - (a->n < b->n);
-}
-
-trp_gen(static, treap_, struct int_node, children, node, node_cmp)
-
-static void strtonode(struct int_node *item, const char *s)
-{
-	char *end;
-	item->n = strtoumax(s, &end, 10);
-	if (*s == '\0' || (*end != '\n' && *end != '\0'))
-		die("invalid integer: %s", s);
-}
-
-int main(int argc, char *argv[])
-{
-	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
-	struct trp_root root = { ~0 };
-	uint32_t item;
-
-	if (argc != 1)
-		usage("test-treap < ints");
-
-	while (strbuf_getline(&sb, stdin, '\n') != EOF) {
-		struct int_node *node = node_pointer(node_alloc(1));
-
-		item = node_offset(node);
-		strtonode(node, sb.buf);
-		node = treap_insert(&root, node_pointer(item));
-		if (node_offset(node) != item)
-			die("inserted %"PRIu32" in place of %"PRIu32"",
-				node_offset(node), item);
-	}
-
-	item = node_offset(treap_first(&root));
-	while (~item) {
-		uint32_t next;
-		struct int_node *tmp = node_pointer(node_alloc(1));
-
-		tmp->n = node_pointer(item)->n;
-		next = node_offset(treap_next(&root, node_pointer(item)));
-
-		treap_remove(&root, node_pointer(item));
-		item = node_offset(treap_nsearch(&root, tmp));
-
-		if (item != next && (!~item || node_pointer(item)->n != tmp->n))
-			die("found %"PRIuMAX" in place of %"PRIuMAX"",
-				~item ? node_pointer(item)->n : ~(uintmax_t) 0,
-				~next ? node_pointer(next)->n : ~(uintmax_t) 0);
-		printf("%"PRIuMAX"\n", tmp->n);
-	}
-	node_reset();
-	return 0;
-}
diff --git a/test-wildmatch.c b/test-wildmatch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..a3e2643
--- /dev/null
+++ b/test-wildmatch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,100 @@
+#ifdef USE_WILDMATCH
+#undef USE_WILDMATCH  /* We need real fnmatch implementation here */
+#endif
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+
+static int perf(int ac, char **av)
+{
+	struct timeval tv1, tv2;
+	struct stat st;
+	int fd, i, n, flags1 = 0, flags2 = 0;
+	char *buffer, *p;
+	uint32_t usec1, usec2;
+	const char *lang;
+	const char *file = av[0];
+	const char *pattern = av[1];
+
+	lang = getenv("LANG");
+	if (lang && strcmp(lang, "C"))
+		die("Please test it on C locale.");
+
+	if ((fd = open(file, O_RDONLY)) == -1 || fstat(fd, &st))
+		die_errno("file open");
+
+	buffer = xmalloc(st.st_size + 2);
+	if (read(fd, buffer, st.st_size) != st.st_size)
+		die_errno("read");
+
+	buffer[st.st_size] = '\0';
+	buffer[st.st_size + 1] = '\0';
+	for (i = 0; i < st.st_size; i++)
+		if (buffer[i] == '\n')
+			buffer[i] = '\0';
+
+	n = atoi(av[2]);
+	if (av[3] && !strcmp(av[3], "pathname")) {
+		flags1 = WM_PATHNAME;
+		flags2 = FNM_PATHNAME;
+	}
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		for (p = buffer; *p; p += strlen(p) + 1)
+			wildmatch(pattern, p, flags1, NULL);
+	}
+	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
+
+	usec1 = (uint32_t)tv2.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv2.tv_usec;
+	usec1 -= (uint32_t)tv1.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv1.tv_usec;
+	printf("wildmatch %ds %dus\n",
+	       (int)(usec1 / 1000000),
+	       (int)(usec1 % 1000000));
+
+	gettimeofday(&tv1, NULL);
+	for (i = 0; i < n; i++) {
+		for (p = buffer; *p; p += strlen(p) + 1)
+			fnmatch(pattern, p, flags2);
+	}
+	gettimeofday(&tv2, NULL);
+
+	usec2 = (uint32_t)tv2.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv2.tv_usec;
+	usec2 -= (uint32_t)tv1.tv_sec * 1000000 + tv1.tv_usec;
+	if (usec2 > usec1)
+		printf("fnmatch   %ds %dus or %.2f%% slower\n",
+		       (int)((usec2 - usec1) / 1000000),
+		       (int)((usec2 - usec1) % 1000000),
+		       (float)(usec2 - usec1) / usec1 * 100);
+	else
+		printf("fnmatch   %ds %dus or %.2f%% faster\n",
+		       (int)((usec1 - usec2) / 1000000),
+		       (int)((usec1 - usec2) % 1000000),
+		       (float)(usec1 - usec2) / usec1 * 100);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "perf"))
+		return perf(argc - 2, argv + 2);
+
+	for (i = 2; i < argc; i++) {
+		if (argv[i][0] == '/')
+			die("Forward slash is not allowed at the beginning of the\n"
+			    "pattern because Windows does not like it. Use `XXX/' instead.");
+		else if (!strncmp(argv[i], "XXX/", 4))
+			argv[i] += 3;
+	}
+	if (!strcmp(argv[1], "wildmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "iwildmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], WM_PATHNAME | WM_CASEFOLD, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "pathmatch"))
+		return !!wildmatch(argv[3], argv[2], 0, NULL);
+	else if (!strcmp(argv[1], "fnmatch"))
+		return !!fnmatch(argv[3], argv[2], FNM_PATHNAME);
+	else
+		return 1;
+}
diff --git a/trace.c b/trace.c
index d953416..5ec0e3b 100644
--- a/trace.c
+++ b/trace.c
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@
 static const char err_msg[] = "Could not trace into fd given by "
 	"GIT_TRACE environment variable";
 
-void trace_vprintf(const char *key, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
+static void trace_vprintf(const char *key, const char *fmt, va_list ap)
 {
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
diff --git a/transport-helper.c b/transport-helper.c
index 6f227e2..cb3ef7d 100644
--- a/transport-helper.c
+++ b/transport-helper.c
@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "string-list.h"
 #include "thread-utils.h"
+#include "sigchain.h"
+#include "argv-array.h"
 
 static int debug;
 
@@ -18,6 +20,7 @@
 	FILE *out;
 	unsigned fetch : 1,
 		import : 1,
+		bidi_import : 1,
 		export : 1,
 		option : 1,
 		push : 1,
@@ -100,6 +103,7 @@
 static struct child_process *get_helper(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	struct child_process *helper;
 	const char **refspecs = NULL;
@@ -121,11 +125,10 @@
 	helper->in = -1;
 	helper->out = -1;
 	helper->err = 0;
-	helper->argv = xcalloc(4, sizeof(*helper->argv));
-	strbuf_addf(&buf, "git-remote-%s", data->name);
-	helper->argv[0] = strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
-	helper->argv[1] = transport->remote->name;
-	helper->argv[2] = remove_ext_force(transport->url);
+	argv_array_pushf(&argv, "git-remote-%s", data->name);
+	argv_array_push(&argv, transport->remote->name);
+	argv_array_push(&argv, remove_ext_force(transport->url));
+	helper->argv = argv_array_detach(&argv, NULL);
 	helper->git_cmd = 0;
 	helper->silent_exec_failure = 1;
 
@@ -177,6 +180,8 @@
 			data->push = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(capname, "import"))
 			data->import = 1;
+		else if (!strcmp(capname, "bidi-import"))
+			data->bidi_import = 1;
 		else if (!strcmp(capname, "export"))
 			data->export = 1;
 		else if (!data->refspecs && !prefixcmp(capname, "refspec ")) {
@@ -198,7 +203,7 @@
 			data->import_marks = strbuf_detach(&arg, NULL);
 		} else if (mandatory) {
 			die("Unknown mandatory capability %s. This remote "
-			    "helper probably needs newer version of Git.\n",
+			    "helper probably needs newer version of Git.",
 			    capname);
 		}
 	}
@@ -220,22 +225,27 @@
 static int disconnect_helper(struct transport *transport)
 {
 	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
-	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 	int res = 0;
 
 	if (data->helper) {
 		if (debug)
 			fprintf(stderr, "Debug: Disconnecting.\n");
 		if (!data->no_disconnect_req) {
-			strbuf_addf(&buf, "\n");
-			sendline(data, &buf);
+			/*
+			 * Ignore write errors; there's nothing we can do,
+			 * since we're about to close the pipe anyway. And the
+			 * most likely error is EPIPE due to the helper dying
+			 * to report an error itself.
+			 */
+			sigchain_push(SIGPIPE, SIG_IGN);
+			xwrite(data->helper->in, "\n", 1);
+			sigchain_pop(SIGPIPE);
 		}
 		close(data->helper->in);
 		close(data->helper->out);
 		fclose(data->out);
 		res = finish_command(data->helper);
-		free((char *)data->helper->argv[0]);
-		free(data->helper->argv);
+		argv_array_free_detached(data->helper->argv);
 		free(data->helper);
 		data->helper = NULL;
 	}
@@ -369,14 +379,23 @@
 static int get_importer(struct transport *transport, struct child_process *fastimport)
 {
 	struct child_process *helper = get_helper(transport);
+	struct helper_data *data = transport->data;
+	struct argv_array argv = ARGV_ARRAY_INIT;
+	int cat_blob_fd, code;
 	memset(fastimport, 0, sizeof(*fastimport));
 	fastimport->in = helper->out;
-	fastimport->argv = xcalloc(5, sizeof(*fastimport->argv));
-	fastimport->argv[0] = "fast-import";
-	fastimport->argv[1] = "--quiet";
+	argv_array_push(&argv, "fast-import");
+	argv_array_push(&argv, debug ? "--stats" : "--quiet");
 
+	if (data->bidi_import) {
+		cat_blob_fd = xdup(helper->in);
+		argv_array_pushf(&argv, "--cat-blob-fd=%d", cat_blob_fd);
+	}
+	fastimport->argv = argv.argv;
 	fastimport->git_cmd = 1;
-	return start_command(fastimport);
+
+	code = start_command(fastimport);
+	return code;
 }
 
 static int get_exporter(struct transport *transport,
@@ -431,12 +450,33 @@
 	}
 
 	write_constant(data->helper->in, "\n");
+	/*
+	 * remote-helpers that advertise the bidi-import capability are required to
+	 * buffer the complete batch of import commands until this newline before
+	 * sending data to fast-import.
+	 * These helpers read back data from fast-import on their stdin, which could
+	 * be mixed with import commands, otherwise.
+	 */
 
 	if (finish_command(&fastimport))
 		die("Error while running fast-import");
-	free(fastimport.argv);
-	fastimport.argv = NULL;
+	argv_array_free_detached(fastimport.argv);
 
+	/*
+	 * The fast-import stream of a remote helper that advertises
+	 * the "refspec" capability writes to the refs named after the
+	 * right hand side of the first refspec matching each ref we
+	 * were fetching.
+	 *
+	 * (If no "refspec" capability was specified, for historical
+	 * reasons we default to *:*.)
+	 *
+	 * Store the result in to_fetch[i].old_sha1.  Callers such
+	 * as "git fetch" can use the value to write feedback to the
+	 * terminal, populate FETCH_HEAD, and determine what new value
+	 * should be written to peer_ref if the update is a
+	 * fast-forward or this is a forced update.
+	 */
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++) {
 		char *private;
 		posn = to_fetch[i];
@@ -592,7 +632,7 @@
 		status = REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT;
 		refname = buf->buf + 6;
 	} else
-		die("expected ok/error, helper said '%s'\n", buf->buf);
+		die("expected ok/error, helper said '%s'", buf->buf);
 
 	msg = strchr(refname, ' ');
 	if (msg) {
@@ -621,6 +661,21 @@
 			free(msg);
 			msg = NULL;
 		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "already exists")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "fetch first")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
+		else if (!strcmp(msg, "needs force")) {
+			status = REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
+			free(msg);
+			msg = NULL;
+		}
 	}
 
 	if (*ref)
@@ -680,6 +735,7 @@
 		/* Check for statuses set by set_ref_status_for_push() */
 		switch (ref->status) {
 		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD:
+		case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
 		case REF_STATUS_UPTODATE:
 			continue;
 		default:
diff --git a/transport.c b/transport.c
index c048ef1..886ffd8 100644
--- a/transport.c
+++ b/transport.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "branch.h"
 #include "url.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "string-list.h"
 
 /* rsync support */
 
@@ -163,7 +164,7 @@
 		/* Follow symbolic refs (mainly for HEAD). */
 		localname = ref->peer_ref->name;
 		remotename = ref->name;
-		tmp = resolve_ref(localname, sha, 1, &flag);
+		tmp = resolve_ref_unsafe(localname, sha, 1, &flag);
 		if (tmp && flag & REF_ISSYMREF &&
 			!prefixcmp(tmp, "refs/heads/"))
 			localname = tmp;
@@ -215,7 +216,7 @@
 	rsync.argv = args;
 	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
 	args[0] = "rsync";
-	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 0) ? "-rv" : "-r";
+	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 1) ? "-rv" : "-r";
 	args[2] = buf.buf;
 	args[3] = temp_dir.buf;
 	args[4] = NULL;
@@ -268,7 +269,7 @@
 	rsync.argv = args;
 	rsync.stdout_to_stderr = 1;
 	args[0] = "rsync";
-	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 0) ? "-rv" : "-r";
+	args[1] = (transport->verbose > 1) ? "-rv" : "-r";
 	args[2] = "--ignore-existing";
 	args[3] = "--exclude";
 	args[4] = "info";
@@ -351,7 +352,7 @@
 	args[i++] = "-a";
 	if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_DRY_RUN)
 		args[i++] = "--dry-run";
-	if (transport->verbose > 0)
+	if (transport->verbose > 1)
 		args[i++] = "-v";
 	args[i++] = "--ignore-existing";
 	args[i++] = "--exclude";
@@ -474,8 +475,12 @@
 	} else if (!strcmp(name, TRANS_OPT_DEPTH)) {
 		if (!value)
 			opts->depth = 0;
-		else
-			opts->depth = atoi(value);
+		else {
+			char *end;
+			opts->depth = strtol(value, &end, 0);
+			if (*end)
+				die("transport: invalid depth option '%s'", value);
+		}
 		return 0;
 	}
 	return 1;
@@ -502,7 +507,7 @@
 	struct ref *refs;
 
 	connect_setup(transport, for_push, 0);
-	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs, 0, NULL,
+	get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs,
 			 for_push ? REF_NORMAL : 0, &data->extra_have);
 	data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 
@@ -513,8 +518,7 @@
 			       int nr_heads, struct ref **to_fetch)
 {
 	struct git_transport_data *data = transport->data;
-	char **heads = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(*heads));
-	char **origh = xmalloc(nr_heads * sizeof(*origh));
+	struct string_list sought = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
 	const struct ref *refs;
 	char *dest = xstrdup(transport->url);
 	struct fetch_pack_args args;
@@ -527,23 +531,23 @@
 	args.lock_pack = 1;
 	args.use_thin_pack = data->options.thin;
 	args.include_tag = data->options.followtags;
-	args.verbose = (transport->verbose > 0);
+	args.verbose = (transport->verbose > 1);
 	args.quiet = (transport->verbose < 0);
 	args.no_progress = !transport->progress;
 	args.depth = data->options.depth;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
-		origh[i] = heads[i] = xstrdup(to_fetch[i]->name);
+		string_list_append(&sought, to_fetch[i]->name);
 
 	if (!data->got_remote_heads) {
 		connect_setup(transport, 0, 0);
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs_tmp, 0, NULL, 0, NULL);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &refs_tmp, 0, NULL);
 		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 	}
 
 	refs = fetch_pack(&args, data->fd, data->conn,
 			  refs_tmp ? refs_tmp : transport->remote_refs,
-			  dest, nr_heads, heads, &transport->pack_lockfile);
+			  dest, &sought, &transport->pack_lockfile);
 	close(data->fd[0]);
 	close(data->fd[1]);
 	if (finish_connect(data->conn))
@@ -553,10 +557,7 @@
 
 	free_refs(refs_tmp);
 
-	for (i = 0; i < nr_heads; i++)
-		free(origh[i]);
-	free(origh);
-	free(heads);
+	string_list_clear(&sought, 0);
 	free(dest);
 	return (refs ? 0 : -1);
 }
@@ -658,7 +659,7 @@
 		const char *msg;
 
 		strcpy(quickref, status_abbrev(ref->old_sha1));
-		if (ref->nonfastforward) {
+		if (ref->forced_update) {
 			strcat(quickref, "...");
 			type = '+';
 			msg = "forced update";
@@ -694,6 +695,18 @@
 		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
 						 "non-fast-forward", porcelain);
 		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "already exists", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "fetch first", porcelain);
+		break;
+	case REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE:
+		print_ref_status('!', "[rejected]", ref, ref->peer_ref,
+						 "needs force", porcelain);
+		break;
 	case REF_STATUS_REMOTE_REJECT:
 		print_ref_status('!', "[remote rejected]", ref,
 						 ref->deletion ? NULL : ref->peer_ref,
@@ -713,10 +726,14 @@
 }
 
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
-				  int verbose, int porcelain, int *nonfastforward)
+				  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
 	struct ref *ref;
 	int n = 0;
+	unsigned char head_sha1[20];
+	char *head;
+
+	head = resolve_refdup("HEAD", head_sha1, 1, NULL);
 
 	if (verbose) {
 		for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next)
@@ -728,14 +745,24 @@
 		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_OK)
 			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
 
-	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	for (ref = refs; ref; ref = ref->next) {
 		if (ref->status != REF_STATUS_NONE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_UPTODATE &&
 		    ref->status != REF_STATUS_OK)
 			n += print_one_push_status(ref, dest, n, porcelain);
-		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD)
-			*nonfastforward = 1;
+		if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD) {
+			if (head != NULL && !strcmp(head, ref->name))
+				*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD;
+			else
+				*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_FETCH_FIRST) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_FETCH_FIRST;
+		} else if (ref->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE) {
+			*reject_reasons |= REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE;
+		}
 	}
 }
 
@@ -772,8 +799,7 @@
 		struct ref *tmp_refs;
 		connect_setup(transport, 1, 0);
 
-		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &tmp_refs, 0, NULL, REF_NORMAL,
-				 NULL);
+		get_remote_heads(data->fd[0], &tmp_refs, REF_NORMAL, NULL);
 		data->got_remote_heads = 1;
 	}
 
@@ -907,7 +933,7 @@
 		ret->fetch = fetch_objs_via_rsync;
 		ret->push = rsync_transport_push;
 		ret->smart_options = NULL;
-	} else if (is_local(url) && is_file(url)) {
+	} else if (is_local(url) && is_file(url) && is_bundle(url, 1)) {
 		struct bundle_transport_data *data = xcalloc(1, sizeof(*data));
 		ret->data = data;
 		ret->get_refs_list = get_refs_from_bundle;
@@ -981,7 +1007,7 @@
 void transport_set_verbosity(struct transport *transport, int verbosity,
 	int force_progress)
 {
-	if (verbosity >= 2)
+	if (verbosity >= 1)
 		transport->verbose = verbosity <= 3 ? verbosity : 3;
 	if (verbosity < 0)
 		transport->verbose = -1;
@@ -990,18 +1016,97 @@
 	 * Rules used to determine whether to report progress (processing aborts
 	 * when a rule is satisfied):
 	 *
-	 *   1. Report progress, if force_progress is 1 (ie. --progress).
-	 *   2. Don't report progress, if verbosity < 0 (ie. -q/--quiet ).
-	 *   3. Report progress if isatty(2) is 1.
+	 *   . Report progress, if force_progress is 1 (ie. --progress).
+	 *   . Don't report progress, if force_progress is 0 (ie. --no-progress).
+	 *   . Don't report progress, if verbosity < 0 (ie. -q/--quiet ).
+	 *   . Report progress if isatty(2) is 1.
 	 **/
-	transport->progress = force_progress || (verbosity >= 0 && isatty(2));
+	if (force_progress >= 0)
+		transport->progress = !!force_progress;
+	else
+		transport->progress = verbosity >= 0 && isatty(2);
+}
+
+static void die_with_unpushed_submodules(struct string_list *needs_pushing)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "The following submodule paths contain changes that can\n"
+			"not be found on any remote:\n");
+	for (i = 0; i < needs_pushing->nr; i++)
+		printf("  %s\n", needs_pushing->items[i].string);
+	fprintf(stderr, "\nPlease try\n\n"
+			"	git push --recurse-submodules=on-demand\n\n"
+			"or cd to the path and use\n\n"
+			"	git push\n\n"
+			"to push them to a remote.\n\n");
+
+	string_list_clear(needs_pushing, 0);
+
+	die("Aborting.");
+}
+
+static int run_pre_push_hook(struct transport *transport,
+			     struct ref *remote_refs)
+{
+	int ret = 0, x;
+	struct ref *r;
+	struct child_process proc;
+	struct strbuf buf;
+	const char *argv[4];
+
+	if (!(argv[0] = find_hook("pre-push")))
+		return 0;
+
+	argv[1] = transport->remote->name;
+	argv[2] = transport->url;
+	argv[3] = NULL;
+
+	memset(&proc, 0, sizeof(proc));
+	proc.argv = argv;
+	proc.in = -1;
+
+	if (start_command(&proc)) {
+		finish_command(&proc);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	strbuf_init(&buf, 256);
+
+	for (r = remote_refs; r; r = r->next) {
+		if (!r->peer_ref) continue;
+		if (r->status == REF_STATUS_REJECT_NONFASTFORWARD) continue;
+		if (r->status == REF_STATUS_UPTODATE) continue;
+
+		strbuf_reset(&buf);
+		strbuf_addf( &buf, "%s %s %s %s\n",
+			 r->peer_ref->name, sha1_to_hex(r->new_sha1),
+			 r->name, sha1_to_hex(r->old_sha1));
+
+		if (write_in_full(proc.in, buf.buf, buf.len) != buf.len) {
+			ret = -1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+
+	x = close(proc.in);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = x;
+
+	x = finish_command(&proc);
+	if (!ret)
+		ret = x;
+
+	return ret;
 }
 
 int transport_push(struct transport *transport,
 		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
-		   int *nonfastforward)
+		   unsigned int *reject_reasons)
 {
-	*nonfastforward = 0;
+	*reject_reasons = 0;
 	transport_verify_remote_names(refspec_nr, refspec);
 
 	if (transport->push) {
@@ -1025,9 +1130,11 @@
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_ALL;
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR)
 			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_MIRROR;
+		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE)
+			match_flags |= MATCH_REFS_PRUNE;
 
-		if (match_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
-			       refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
+		if (match_push_refs(local_refs, &remote_refs,
+				    refspec_nr, refspec, match_flags)) {
 			return -1;
 		}
 
@@ -1035,12 +1142,31 @@
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_MIRROR,
 			flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_FORCE);
 
-		if ((flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK) && !is_bare_repository()) {
+		if (!(flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK))
+			if (run_pre_push_hook(transport, remote_refs))
+				return -1;
+
+		if ((flags & TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND) && !is_bare_repository()) {
 			struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
 			for (; ref; ref = ref->next)
 				if (!is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1) &&
-				    check_submodule_needs_pushing(ref->new_sha1,transport->remote->name))
-					die("There are unpushed submodules, aborting.");
+				    !push_unpushed_submodules(ref->new_sha1,
+					    transport->remote->name))
+				    die ("Failed to push all needed submodules!");
+		}
+
+		if ((flags & (TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND |
+			      TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK)) && !is_bare_repository()) {
+			struct ref *ref = remote_refs;
+			struct string_list needs_pushing;
+
+			memset(&needs_pushing, 0, sizeof(struct string_list));
+			needs_pushing.strdup_strings = 1;
+			for (; ref; ref = ref->next)
+				if (!is_null_sha1(ref->new_sha1) &&
+				    find_unpushed_submodules(ref->new_sha1,
+					    transport->remote->name, &needs_pushing))
+					die_with_unpushed_submodules(&needs_pushing);
 		}
 
 		push_ret = transport->push_refs(transport, remote_refs, flags);
@@ -1050,7 +1176,7 @@
 		if (!quiet || err)
 			transport_print_push_status(transport->url, remote_refs,
 					verbose | porcelain, porcelain,
-					nonfastforward);
+					reject_reasons);
 
 		if (flags & TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM)
 			set_upstreams(transport, remote_refs, pretend);
@@ -1145,7 +1271,7 @@
 }
 
 /*
- * Strip username (and password) from an url and return
+ * Strip username (and password) from a URL and return
  * it in a newly allocated string.
  */
 char *transport_anonymize_url(const char *url)
diff --git a/transport.h b/transport.h
index 059b330..a3450e9 100644
--- a/transport.h
+++ b/transport.h
@@ -102,8 +102,12 @@
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PORCELAIN 16
 #define TRANSPORT_PUSH_SET_UPSTREAM 32
 #define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_CHECK 64
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_PRUNE 128
+#define TRANSPORT_RECURSE_SUBMODULES_ON_DEMAND 256
+#define TRANSPORT_PUSH_NO_HOOK 512
 
 #define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH (2 * DEFAULT_ABBREV + 3)
+#define TRANSPORT_SUMMARY(x) (int)(TRANSPORT_SUMMARY_WIDTH + strlen(x) - gettext_width(x)), (x)
 
 /* Returns a transport suitable for the url */
 struct transport *transport_get(struct remote *, const char *);
@@ -137,9 +141,15 @@
 void transport_set_verbosity(struct transport *transport, int verbosity,
 	int force_progress);
 
+#define REJECT_NON_FF_HEAD     0x01
+#define REJECT_NON_FF_OTHER    0x02
+#define REJECT_ALREADY_EXISTS  0x04
+#define REJECT_FETCH_FIRST     0x08
+#define REJECT_NEEDS_FORCE     0x10
+
 int transport_push(struct transport *connection,
 		   int refspec_nr, const char **refspec, int flags,
-		   int * nonfastforward);
+		   unsigned int * reject_reasons);
 
 const struct ref *transport_get_remote_refs(struct transport *transport);
 
@@ -165,9 +175,14 @@
 int transport_refs_pushed(struct ref *ref);
 
 void transport_print_push_status(const char *dest, struct ref *refs,
-		  int verbose, int porcelain, int *nonfastforward);
+		  int verbose, int porcelain, unsigned int *reject_reasons);
 
 typedef void alternate_ref_fn(const struct ref *, void *);
 extern void for_each_alternate_ref(alternate_ref_fn, void *);
 
+struct send_pack_args;
+extern int send_pack(struct send_pack_args *args,
+		     int fd[], struct child_process *conn,
+		     struct ref *remote_refs,
+		     struct extra_have_objects *extra_have);
 #endif
diff --git a/tree-diff.c b/tree-diff.c
index b3cc2e4..ba01563 100644
--- a/tree-diff.c
+++ b/tree-diff.c
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@
 	sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t1, &path1, &mode1);
 	sha2 = tree_entry_extract(t2, &path2, &mode2);
 
-	pathlen1 = tree_entry_len(path1, sha1);
-	pathlen2 = tree_entry_len(path2, sha2);
+	pathlen1 = tree_entry_len(&t1->entry);
+	pathlen2 = tree_entry_len(&t2->entry);
 	cmp = base_name_compare(path1, pathlen1, mode1, path2, pathlen2, mode2);
 	if (cmp < 0) {
 		show_entry(opt, "-", t1, base);
@@ -49,12 +49,12 @@
 	if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE) && S_ISDIR(mode1)) {
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE)) {
 			opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2,
-				    sha1, sha2, base->buf, 0, 0);
+				    sha1, sha2, 1, 1, base->buf, 0, 0);
 		}
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 		diff_tree_sha1(sha1, sha2, base->buf, opt);
 	} else {
-		opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, base->buf, 0, 0);
+		opt->change(opt, mode1, mode2, sha1, sha2, 1, 1, base->buf, 0, 0);
 	}
 	strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
 	return 0;
@@ -64,14 +64,14 @@
 static void show_tree(struct diff_options *opt, const char *prefix,
 		      struct tree_desc *desc, struct strbuf *base)
 {
-	int match = 0;
+	enum interesting match = entry_not_interesting;
 	for (; desc->size; update_tree_entry(desc)) {
-		if (match != 2) {
+		if (match != all_entries_interesting) {
 			match = tree_entry_interesting(&desc->entry, base, 0,
 						       &opt->pathspec);
-			if (match < 0)
+			if (match == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				break;
-			if (match == 0)
+			if (match == entry_not_interesting)
 				continue;
 		}
 		show_entry(opt, prefix, desc, base);
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@
 	unsigned mode;
 	const char *path;
 	const unsigned char *sha1 = tree_entry_extract(desc, &path, &mode);
-	int pathlen = tree_entry_len(path, sha1);
+	int pathlen = tree_entry_len(&desc->entry);
 	int old_baselen = base->len;
 
 	strbuf_add(base, path, pathlen);
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@
 			die("corrupt tree sha %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 
 		if (DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, TREE_IN_RECURSIVE))
-			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, base->buf, 0);
+			opt->add_remove(opt, *prefix, mode, sha1, 1, base->buf, 0);
 
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 
@@ -108,18 +108,19 @@
 		show_tree(opt, prefix, &inner, base);
 		free(tree);
 	} else
-		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, base->buf, 0);
+		opt->add_remove(opt, prefix[0], mode, sha1, 1, base->buf, 0);
 
 	strbuf_setlen(base, old_baselen);
 }
 
 static void skip_uninteresting(struct tree_desc *t, struct strbuf *base,
-			       struct diff_options *opt, int *match)
+			       struct diff_options *opt,
+			       enum interesting *match)
 {
 	while (t->size) {
 		*match = tree_entry_interesting(&t->entry, base, 0, &opt->pathspec);
 		if (*match) {
-			if (*match < 0)
+			if (*match == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				t->size = 0;
 			break;
 		}
@@ -132,7 +133,8 @@
 {
 	struct strbuf base;
 	int baselen = strlen(base_str);
-	int t1_match = 0, t2_match = 0;
+	enum interesting t1_match = entry_not_interesting;
+	enum interesting t2_match = entry_not_interesting;
 
 	/* Enable recursion indefinitely */
 	opt->pathspec.recursive = DIFF_OPT_TST(opt, RECURSIVE);
@@ -207,10 +209,10 @@
 	diff_opts.output_format = DIFF_FORMAT_NO_OUTPUT;
 	diff_opts.single_follow = opt->pathspec.raw[0];
 	diff_opts.break_opt = opt->break_opt;
+	diff_opts.rename_score = opt->rename_score;
 	paths[0] = NULL;
 	diff_tree_setup_paths(paths, &diff_opts);
-	if (diff_setup_done(&diff_opts) < 0)
-		die("unable to set up diff options to follow renames");
+	diff_setup_done(&diff_opts);
 	diff_tree(t1, t2, base, &diff_opts);
 	diffcore_std(&diff_opts);
 	diff_tree_release_paths(&diff_opts);
diff --git a/tree-walk.c b/tree-walk.c
index 418107e..6e30ef9 100644
--- a/tree-walk.c
+++ b/tree-walk.c
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@
 
 char *make_traverse_path(char *path, const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
-	int len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+	int len = tree_entry_len(n);
 	int pathlen = info->pathlen;
 
 	path[pathlen + len] = 0;
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@
 			break;
 		path[--pathlen] = '/';
 		n = &info->name;
-		len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+		len = tree_entry_len(n);
 		info = info->prev;
 		pathlen -= len;
 	}
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@
 	 * The caller wants "first" from this tree, or nothing.
 	 */
 	path = a->path;
-	len = tree_entry_len(a->path, a->sha1);
+	len = tree_entry_len(a);
 	switch (check_entry_match(first, first_len, path, len)) {
 	case -1:
 		entry_clear(a);
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@
 	while (probe.size) {
 		entry_extract(&probe, a);
 		path = a->path;
-		len = tree_entry_len(a->path, a->sha1);
+		len = tree_entry_len(a);
 		switch (check_entry_match(first, first_len, path, len)) {
 		case -1:
 			entry_clear(a);
@@ -362,7 +362,7 @@
 			e = entry + i;
 			if (!e->path)
 				continue;
-			len = tree_entry_len(e->path, e->sha1);
+			len = tree_entry_len(e);
 			if (!first) {
 				first = e->path;
 				first_len = len;
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@
 				/* Cull the ones that are not the earliest */
 				if (!e->path)
 					continue;
-				len = tree_entry_len(e->path, e->sha1);
+				len = tree_entry_len(e);
 				if (name_compare(e->path, len, first, first_len))
 					entry_clear(e);
 			}
@@ -434,8 +434,8 @@
 		int entrylen, cmp;
 
 		sha1 = tree_entry_extract(t, &entry, mode);
+		entrylen = tree_entry_len(&t->entry);
 		update_tree_entry(t);
-		entrylen = tree_entry_len(entry, sha1);
 		if (entrylen > namelen)
 			continue;
 		cmp = memcmp(name, entry, entrylen);
@@ -465,7 +465,6 @@
 	int retval;
 	void *tree;
 	unsigned long size;
-	struct tree_desc t;
 	unsigned char root[20];
 
 	tree = read_object_with_reference(tree_sha1, tree_type, &size, root);
@@ -478,19 +477,24 @@
 		return 0;
 	}
 
-	init_tree_desc(&t, tree, size);
-	retval = find_tree_entry(&t, name, sha1, mode);
+	if (!size) {
+		retval = -1;
+	} else {
+		struct tree_desc t;
+		init_tree_desc(&t, tree, size);
+		retval = find_tree_entry(&t, name, sha1, mode);
+	}
 	free(tree);
 	return retval;
 }
 
 static int match_entry(const struct name_entry *entry, int pathlen,
 		       const char *match, int matchlen,
-		       int *never_interesting)
+		       enum interesting *never_interesting)
 {
 	int m = -1; /* signals that we haven't called strncmp() */
 
-	if (*never_interesting) {
+	if (*never_interesting != entry_not_interesting) {
 		/*
 		 * We have not seen any match that sorts later
 		 * than the current path.
@@ -518,7 +522,7 @@
 		 * the variable to -1 and that is what will be
 		 * returned, allowing the caller to terminate early.
 		 */
-		*never_interesting = 0;
+		*never_interesting = entry_not_interesting;
 	}
 
 	if (pathlen > matchlen)
@@ -569,40 +573,84 @@
 }
 
 /*
+ * Perform matching on the leading non-wildcard part of
+ * pathspec. item->nowildcard_len must be greater than zero. Return
+ * non-zero if base is matched.
+ */
+static int match_wildcard_base(const struct pathspec_item *item,
+			       const char *base, int baselen,
+			       int *matched)
+{
+	const char *match = item->match;
+	/* the wildcard part is not considered in this function */
+	int matchlen = item->nowildcard_len;
+
+	if (baselen) {
+		int dirlen;
+		/*
+		 * Return early if base is longer than the
+		 * non-wildcard part but it does not match.
+		 */
+		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
+			*matched = matchlen;
+			return !strncmp(base, match, matchlen);
+		}
+
+		dirlen = matchlen;
+		while (dirlen && match[dirlen - 1] != '/')
+			dirlen--;
+
+		/*
+		 * Return early if base is shorter than the
+		 * non-wildcard part but it does not match. Note that
+		 * base ends with '/' so we are sure it really matches
+		 * directory
+		 */
+		if (strncmp(base, match, baselen))
+			return 0;
+		*matched = baselen;
+	} else
+		*matched = 0;
+	/*
+	 * we could have checked entry against the non-wildcard part
+	 * that is not in base and does similar never_interesting
+	 * optimization as in match_entry. For now just be happy with
+	 * base comparison.
+	 */
+	return entry_interesting;
+}
+
+/*
  * Is a tree entry interesting given the pathspec we have?
  *
  * Pre-condition: either baselen == base_offset (i.e. empty path)
  * or base[baselen-1] == '/' (i.e. with trailing slash).
- *
- * Return:
- *  - 2 for "yes, and all subsequent entries will be"
- *  - 1 for yes
- *  - zero for no
- *  - negative for "no, and no subsequent entries will be either"
  */
-int tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
-			   struct strbuf *base, int base_offset,
-			   const struct pathspec *ps)
+enum interesting tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *entry,
+					struct strbuf *base, int base_offset,
+					const struct pathspec *ps)
 {
 	int i;
 	int pathlen, baselen = base->len - base_offset;
-	int never_interesting = ps->has_wildcard ? 0 : -1;
+	enum interesting never_interesting = ps->has_wildcard ?
+		entry_not_interesting : all_entries_not_interesting;
 
 	if (!ps->nr) {
 		if (!ps->recursive || ps->max_depth == -1)
-			return 2;
-		return !!within_depth(base->buf + base_offset, baselen,
-				      !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
-				      ps->max_depth);
+			return all_entries_interesting;
+		return within_depth(base->buf + base_offset, baselen,
+				    !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
+				    ps->max_depth) ?
+			entry_interesting : entry_not_interesting;
 	}
 
-	pathlen = tree_entry_len(entry->path, entry->sha1);
+	pathlen = tree_entry_len(entry);
 
 	for (i = ps->nr - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
 		const struct pathspec_item *item = ps->items+i;
 		const char *match = item->match;
 		const char *base_str = base->buf + base_offset;
-		int matchlen = item->len;
+		int matchlen = item->len, matched = 0;
 
 		if (baselen >= matchlen) {
 			/* If it doesn't match, move along... */
@@ -610,12 +658,13 @@
 				goto match_wildcards;
 
 			if (!ps->recursive || ps->max_depth == -1)
-				return 2;
+				return all_entries_interesting;
 
-			return !!within_depth(base_str + matchlen + 1,
-					      baselen - matchlen - 1,
-					      !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
-					      ps->max_depth);
+			return within_depth(base_str + matchlen + 1,
+					    baselen - matchlen - 1,
+					    !!S_ISDIR(entry->mode),
+					    ps->max_depth) ?
+				entry_interesting : entry_not_interesting;
 		}
 
 		/* Either there must be no base, or the base must match. */
@@ -623,46 +672,68 @@
 			if (match_entry(entry, pathlen,
 					match + baselen, matchlen - baselen,
 					&never_interesting))
-				return 1;
+				return entry_interesting;
 
-			if (ps->items[i].use_wildcard) {
-				if (!fnmatch(match + baselen, entry->path, 0))
-					return 1;
+			if (item->nowildcard_len < item->len) {
+				if (!git_fnmatch(match + baselen, entry->path,
+						 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+						 item->nowildcard_len - baselen))
+					return entry_interesting;
 
 				/*
 				 * Match all directories. We'll try to
 				 * match files later on.
 				 */
 				if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
-					return 1;
+					return entry_interesting;
 			}
 
 			continue;
 		}
 
 match_wildcards:
-		if (!ps->items[i].use_wildcard)
+		if (item->nowildcard_len == item->len)
 			continue;
 
+		if (item->nowildcard_len &&
+		    !match_wildcard_base(item, base_str, baselen, &matched))
+			return entry_not_interesting;
+
 		/*
 		 * Concatenate base and entry->path into one and do
 		 * fnmatch() on it.
+		 *
+		 * While we could avoid concatenation in certain cases
+		 * [1], which saves a memcpy and potentially a
+		 * realloc, it turns out not worth it. Measurement on
+		 * linux-2.6 does not show any clear improvements,
+		 * partly because of the nowildcard_len optimization
+		 * in git_fnmatch(). Avoid micro-optimizations here.
+		 *
+		 * [1] if match_wildcard_base() says the base
+		 * directory is already matched, we only need to match
+		 * the rest, which is shorter so _in theory_ faster.
 		 */
 
 		strbuf_add(base, entry->path, pathlen);
 
-		if (!fnmatch(match, base->buf + base_offset, 0)) {
+		if (!git_fnmatch(match, base->buf + base_offset,
+				 item->flags & PATHSPEC_ONESTAR ? GFNM_ONESTAR : 0,
+				 item->nowildcard_len)) {
 			strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
-			return 1;
+			return entry_interesting;
 		}
 		strbuf_setlen(base, base_offset + baselen);
 
 		/*
 		 * Match all directories. We'll try to match files
 		 * later on.
+		 * max_depth is ignored but we may consider support it
+		 * in future, see
+		 * http://thread.gmane.org/gmane.comp.version-control.git/163757/focus=163840
 		 */
 		if (ps->recursive && S_ISDIR(entry->mode))
-			return 1;
+			return entry_interesting;
 	}
 	return never_interesting; /* No matches */
 }
diff --git a/tree-walk.h b/tree-walk.h
index 0089581..2bf0db9 100644
--- a/tree-walk.h
+++ b/tree-walk.h
@@ -20,9 +20,9 @@
 	return desc->entry.sha1;
 }
 
-static inline int tree_entry_len(const char *name, const unsigned char *sha1)
+static inline int tree_entry_len(const struct name_entry *ne)
 {
-	return (const char *)sha1 - name - 1;
+	return (const char *)ne->sha1 - ne->path - 1;
 }
 
 void update_tree_entry(struct tree_desc *);
@@ -58,9 +58,19 @@
 
 static inline int traverse_path_len(const struct traverse_info *info, const struct name_entry *n)
 {
-	return info->pathlen + tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+	return info->pathlen + tree_entry_len(n);
 }
 
-extern int tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *, struct strbuf *, int, const struct pathspec *ps);
+/* in general, positive means "kind of interesting" */
+enum interesting {
+	all_entries_not_interesting = -1, /* no, and no subsequent entries will be either */
+	entry_not_interesting = 0,
+	entry_interesting = 1,
+	all_entries_interesting = 2 /* yes, and all subsequent entries will be */
+};
+
+extern enum interesting tree_entry_interesting(const struct name_entry *,
+					       struct strbuf *, int,
+					       const struct pathspec *ps);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/tree.c b/tree.c
index 698ecf7..62fed63 100644
--- a/tree.c
+++ b/tree.c
@@ -22,7 +22,8 @@
 	ce = xcalloc(1, size);
 
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(baselen + len, stage);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = baselen + len;
 	memcpy(ce->name, base, baselen);
 	memcpy(ce->name + baselen, pathname, len+1);
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, sha1);
@@ -52,7 +53,8 @@
 	struct tree_desc desc;
 	struct name_entry entry;
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	int len, retval = 0, oldlen = base->len;
+	int len, oldlen = base->len;
+	enum interesting retval = entry_not_interesting;
 
 	if (parse_tree(tree))
 		return -1;
@@ -60,11 +62,11 @@
 	init_tree_desc(&desc, tree->buffer, tree->size);
 
 	while (tree_entry(&desc, &entry)) {
-		if (retval != 2) {
+		if (retval != all_entries_interesting) {
 			retval = tree_entry_interesting(&entry, base, 0, pathspec);
-			if (retval < 0)
+			if (retval == all_entries_not_interesting)
 				break;
-			if (retval == 0)
+			if (retval == entry_not_interesting)
 				continue;
 		}
 
@@ -99,7 +101,7 @@
 		else
 			continue;
 
-		len = tree_entry_len(entry.path, entry.sha1);
+		len = tree_entry_len(&entry);
 		strbuf_add(base, entry.path, len);
 		strbuf_addch(base, '/');
 		retval = read_tree_1(lookup_tree(sha1),
@@ -132,8 +134,8 @@
 
 	ce1 = *((const struct cache_entry **)a_);
 	ce2 = *((const struct cache_entry **)b_);
-	return cache_name_compare(ce1->name, ce1->ce_flags,
-				  ce2->name, ce2->ce_flags);
+	return cache_name_stage_compare(ce1->name, ce1->ce_namelen, ce_stage(ce1),
+				  ce2->name, ce2->ce_namelen, ce_stage(ce2));
 }
 
 int read_tree(struct tree *tree, int stage, struct pathspec *match)
diff --git a/unix-socket.c b/unix-socket.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..01f119f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/unix-socket.c
@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "unix-socket.h"
+
+static int unix_stream_socket(void)
+{
+	int fd = socket(AF_UNIX, SOCK_STREAM, 0);
+	if (fd < 0)
+		die_errno("unable to create socket");
+	return fd;
+}
+
+static int chdir_len(const char *orig, int len)
+{
+	char *path = xmemdupz(orig, len);
+	int r = chdir(path);
+	free(path);
+	return r;
+}
+
+struct unix_sockaddr_context {
+	char orig_dir[PATH_MAX];
+};
+
+static void unix_sockaddr_cleanup(struct unix_sockaddr_context *ctx)
+{
+	if (!ctx->orig_dir[0])
+		return;
+	/*
+	 * If we fail, we can't just return an error, since we have
+	 * moved the cwd of the whole process, which could confuse calling
+	 * code.  We are better off to just die.
+	 */
+	if (chdir(ctx->orig_dir) < 0)
+		die("unable to restore original working directory");
+}
+
+static int unix_sockaddr_init(struct sockaddr_un *sa, const char *path,
+			      struct unix_sockaddr_context *ctx)
+{
+	int size = strlen(path) + 1;
+
+	ctx->orig_dir[0] = '\0';
+	if (size > sizeof(sa->sun_path)) {
+		const char *slash = find_last_dir_sep(path);
+		const char *dir;
+
+		if (!slash) {
+			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		dir = path;
+		path = slash + 1;
+		size = strlen(path) + 1;
+		if (size > sizeof(sa->sun_path)) {
+			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		if (!getcwd(ctx->orig_dir, sizeof(ctx->orig_dir))) {
+			errno = ENAMETOOLONG;
+			return -1;
+		}
+		if (chdir_len(dir, slash - dir) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+
+	memset(sa, 0, sizeof(*sa));
+	sa->sun_family = AF_UNIX;
+	memcpy(sa->sun_path, path, size);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int unix_stream_connect(const char *path)
+{
+	int fd, saved_errno;
+	struct sockaddr_un sa;
+	struct unix_sockaddr_context ctx;
+
+	if (unix_sockaddr_init(&sa, path, &ctx) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	fd = unix_stream_socket();
+	if (connect(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0)
+		goto fail;
+	unix_sockaddr_cleanup(&ctx);
+	return fd;
+
+fail:
+	saved_errno = errno;
+	unix_sockaddr_cleanup(&ctx);
+	close(fd);
+	errno = saved_errno;
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int unix_stream_listen(const char *path)
+{
+	int fd, saved_errno;
+	struct sockaddr_un sa;
+	struct unix_sockaddr_context ctx;
+
+	if (unix_sockaddr_init(&sa, path, &ctx) < 0)
+		return -1;
+	fd = unix_stream_socket();
+
+	unlink(path);
+	if (bind(fd, (struct sockaddr *)&sa, sizeof(sa)) < 0)
+		goto fail;
+
+	if (listen(fd, 5) < 0)
+		goto fail;
+
+	unix_sockaddr_cleanup(&ctx);
+	return fd;
+
+fail:
+	saved_errno = errno;
+	unix_sockaddr_cleanup(&ctx);
+	close(fd);
+	errno = saved_errno;
+	return -1;
+}
diff --git a/unix-socket.h b/unix-socket.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..e271aee
--- /dev/null
+++ b/unix-socket.h
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+#ifndef UNIX_SOCKET_H
+#define UNIX_SOCKET_H
+
+int unix_stream_connect(const char *path);
+int unix_stream_listen(const char *path);
+
+#endif /* UNIX_SOCKET_H */
diff --git a/unpack-trees.c b/unpack-trees.c
index 8282f5e..09e53df 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.c
+++ b/unpack-trees.c
@@ -102,21 +102,28 @@
 		opts->unpack_rejects[i].strdup_strings = 1;
 }
 
+static void do_add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
+			 unsigned int set, unsigned int clear)
+{
+	clear |= CE_HASHED | CE_UNHASHED;
+
+	if (set & CE_REMOVE)
+		set |= CE_WT_REMOVE;
+
+	ce->next = NULL;
+	ce->ce_flags = (ce->ce_flags & ~clear) | set;
+	add_index_entry(&o->result, ce,
+			ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD | ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+}
+
 static void add_entry(struct unpack_trees_options *o, struct cache_entry *ce,
 	unsigned int set, unsigned int clear)
 {
 	unsigned int size = ce_size(ce);
 	struct cache_entry *new = xmalloc(size);
 
-	clear |= CE_HASHED | CE_UNHASHED;
-
-	if (set & CE_REMOVE)
-		set |= CE_WT_REMOVE;
-
 	memcpy(new, ce, size);
-	new->next = NULL;
-	new->ce_flags = (new->ce_flags & ~clear) | set;
-	add_index_entry(&o->result, new, ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_ADD|ADD_CACHE_OK_TO_REPLACE);
+	do_add_entry(o, new, set, clear);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -446,7 +453,7 @@
 	newinfo.prev = info;
 	newinfo.pathspec = info->pathspec;
 	newinfo.name = *p;
-	newinfo.pathlen += tree_entry_len(p->path, p->sha1) + 1;
+	newinfo.pathlen += tree_entry_len(p) + 1;
 	newinfo.conflicts |= df_conflicts;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++, dirmask >>= 1) {
@@ -495,7 +502,7 @@
 	ce_len -= pathlen;
 	ce_name = ce->name + pathlen;
 
-	len = tree_entry_len(n->path, n->sha1);
+	len = tree_entry_len(n);
 	return df_name_compare(ce_name, ce_len, S_IFREG, n->path, len, n->mode);
 }
 
@@ -532,7 +539,8 @@
 	struct cache_entry *ce = xcalloc(1, cache_entry_size(len));
 
 	ce->ce_mode = create_ce_mode(n->mode);
-	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(len, stage);
+	ce->ce_flags = create_ce_flags(stage);
+	ce->ce_namelen = len;
 	hashcpy(ce->sha1, n->sha1);
 	make_traverse_path(ce->name, info, n);
 
@@ -587,7 +595,7 @@
 
 	for (i = 0; i < n; i++)
 		if (src[i] && src[i] != o->df_conflict_entry)
-			add_entry(o, src[i], 0, 0);
+			do_add_entry(o, src[i], 0, 0);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -626,7 +634,7 @@
 	struct unpack_trees_options *o = info->data;
 	struct index_state *index = o->src_index;
 	int pfxlen = info->pathlen;
-	int p_len = tree_entry_len(p->path, p->sha1);
+	int p_len = tree_entry_len(p);
 
 	for (pos = o->cache_bottom; pos < index->cache_nr; pos++) {
 		struct cache_entry *ce = index->cache[pos];
@@ -772,7 +780,7 @@
 	if (unpack_nondirectories(n, mask, dirmask, src, names, info) < 0)
 		return -1;
 
-	if (src[0]) {
+	if (o->merge && src[0]) {
 		if (ce_stage(src[0]))
 			mark_ce_used_same_name(src[0], o);
 		else
@@ -829,7 +837,8 @@
 {
 	struct cache_entry **cache_end;
 	int dtype = DT_DIR;
-	int ret = excluded_from_list(prefix, prefix_len, basename, &dtype, el);
+	int ret = is_excluded_from_list(prefix, prefix_len,
+					basename, &dtype, el);
 
 	prefix[prefix_len++] = '/';
 
@@ -848,7 +857,7 @@
 	 * with ret (iow, we know in advance the incl/excl
 	 * decision for the entire directory), clear flag here without
 	 * calling clear_ce_flags_1(). That function will call
-	 * the expensive excluded_from_list() on every entry.
+	 * the expensive is_excluded_from_list() on every entry.
 	 */
 	return clear_ce_flags_1(cache, cache_end - cache,
 				prefix, prefix_len,
@@ -931,7 +940,8 @@
 
 		/* Non-directory */
 		dtype = ce_to_dtype(ce);
-		ret = excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce), name, &dtype, el);
+		ret = is_excluded_from_list(ce->name, ce_namelen(ce),
+					    name, &dtype, el);
 		if (ret < 0)
 			ret = defval;
 		if (ret > 0)
@@ -1010,16 +1020,21 @@
 	if (!core_apply_sparse_checkout || !o->update)
 		o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 	if (!o->skip_sparse_checkout) {
-		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(git_path("info/sparse-checkout"), "", 0, NULL, &el, 0) < 0)
+		if (add_excludes_from_file_to_list(git_path("info/sparse-checkout"), "", 0, &el, 0) < 0)
 			o->skip_sparse_checkout = 1;
 		else
 			o->el = &el;
 	}
 
+	if (o->dir) {
+		o->path_exclude_check = xmalloc(sizeof(struct path_exclude_check));
+		path_exclude_check_init(o->path_exclude_check, o->dir);
+	}
 	memset(&o->result, 0, sizeof(o->result));
 	o->result.initialized = 1;
 	o->result.timestamp.sec = o->src_index->timestamp.sec;
 	o->result.timestamp.nsec = o->src_index->timestamp.nsec;
+	o->result.version = o->src_index->version;
 	o->merge_size = len;
 	mark_all_ce_unused(o->src_index);
 
@@ -1139,7 +1154,11 @@
 		*o->dst_index = o->result;
 
 done:
-	free_excludes(&el);
+	clear_exclude_list(&el);
+	if (o->path_exclude_check) {
+		path_exclude_check_clear(o->path_exclude_check);
+		free(o->path_exclude_check);
+	}
 	return ret;
 
 return_failed:
@@ -1202,7 +1221,7 @@
 			return 0;
 		/*
 		 * NEEDSWORK: the current default policy is to allow
-		 * submodule to be out of sync wrt the supermodule
+		 * submodule to be out of sync wrt the superproject
 		 * index.  This needs to be tightened later for
 		 * submodules that are marked to be automatically
 		 * checked out.
@@ -1280,7 +1299,7 @@
 	 * First let's make sure we do not have a local modification
 	 * in that directory.
 	 */
-	namelen = strlen(ce->name);
+	namelen = ce_namelen(ce);
 	for (i = locate_in_src_index(ce, o);
 	     i < o->src_index->cache_nr;
 	     i++) {
@@ -1355,7 +1374,8 @@
 	if (ignore_case && icase_exists(o, name, len, st))
 		return 0;
 
-	if (o->dir && excluded(o->dir, name, &dtype))
+	if (o->dir &&
+	    is_path_excluded(o->path_exclude_check, name, -1, &dtype))
 		/*
 		 * ce->name is explicitly excluded, so it is Ok to
 		 * overwrite it.
@@ -1785,7 +1805,7 @@
 	struct cache_entry *a = src[1];
 
 	if (o->merge_size != 1)
-		return error("Cannot do a bind merge of %d trees\n",
+		return error("Cannot do a bind merge of %d trees",
 			     o->merge_size);
 	if (a && old)
 		return o->gently ? -1 :
@@ -1816,7 +1836,7 @@
 
 	if (old && same(old, a)) {
 		int update = 0;
-		if (o->reset && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old)) {
+		if (o->reset && o->update && !ce_uptodate(old) && !ce_skip_worktree(old)) {
 			struct stat st;
 			if (lstat(old->name, &st) ||
 			    ie_match_stat(o->src_index, old, &st, CE_MATCH_IGNORE_VALID|CE_MATCH_IGNORE_SKIP_WORKTREE))
diff --git a/unpack-trees.h b/unpack-trees.h
index 5e432f5..ec74a9f 100644
--- a/unpack-trees.h
+++ b/unpack-trees.h
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 	const char *prefix;
 	int cache_bottom;
 	struct dir_struct *dir;
+	struct path_exclude_check *path_exclude_check;
 	struct pathspec *pathspec;
 	merge_fn_t fn;
 	const char *msgs[NB_UNPACK_TREES_ERROR_TYPES];
diff --git a/upload-pack.c b/upload-pack.c
index 470cffd..7c05b15 100644
--- a/upload-pack.c
+++ b/upload-pack.c
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@
 #include "list-objects.h"
 #include "run-command.h"
 #include "sigchain.h"
+#include "version.h"
 
 static const char upload_pack_usage[] = "git upload-pack [--strict] [--timeout=<n>] <dir>";
 
@@ -585,6 +586,7 @@
 		write_str_in_full(debug_fd, "#S\n");
 	for (;;) {
 		struct object *o;
+		const char *features;
 		unsigned char sha1_buf[20];
 		len = packet_read_line(0, line, sizeof(line));
 		reset_timeout();
@@ -601,6 +603,8 @@
 			object = parse_object(sha1);
 			if (!object)
 				die("did not find object for %s", line);
+			if (object->type != OBJ_COMMIT)
+				die("invalid shallow object %s", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
 			object->flags |= CLIENT_SHALLOW;
 			add_object_array(object, NULL, &shallows);
 			continue;
@@ -616,23 +620,26 @@
 		    get_sha1_hex(line+5, sha1_buf))
 			die("git upload-pack: protocol error, "
 			    "expected to get sha, not '%s'", line);
-		if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack_detailed"))
+
+		features = line + 45;
+
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "multi_ack_detailed"))
 			multi_ack = 2;
-		else if (strstr(line+45, "multi_ack"))
+		else if (parse_feature_request(features, "multi_ack"))
 			multi_ack = 1;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "no-done"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "no-done"))
 			no_done = 1;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "thin-pack"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "thin-pack"))
 			use_thin_pack = 1;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "ofs-delta"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "ofs-delta"))
 			use_ofs_delta = 1;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "side-band-64k"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "side-band-64k"))
 			use_sideband = LARGE_PACKET_MAX;
-		else if (strstr(line+45, "side-band"))
+		else if (parse_feature_request(features, "side-band"))
 			use_sideband = DEFAULT_PACKET_MAX;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "no-progress"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "no-progress"))
 			no_progress = 1;
-		if (strstr(line+45, "include-tag"))
+		if (parse_feature_request(features, "include-tag"))
 			use_include_tag = 1;
 
 		o = lookup_object(sha1_buf);
@@ -665,10 +672,17 @@
 	if (depth == 0 && shallows.nr == 0)
 		return;
 	if (depth > 0) {
-		struct commit_list *result, *backup;
+		struct commit_list *result = NULL, *backup = NULL;
 		int i;
-		backup = result = get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
-			SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
+		if (depth == INFINITE_DEPTH)
+			for (i = 0; i < shallows.nr; i++) {
+				struct object *object = shallows.objects[i].item;
+				object->flags |= NOT_SHALLOW;
+			}
+		else
+			backup = result =
+				get_shallow_commits(&want_obj, depth,
+						    SHALLOW, NOT_SHALLOW);
 		while (result) {
 			struct object *object = &result->item->object;
 			if (!(object->flags & (CLIENT_SHALLOW|NOT_SHALLOW))) {
@@ -720,16 +734,16 @@
 	static const char *capabilities = "multi_ack thin-pack side-band"
 		" side-band-64k ofs-delta shallow no-progress"
 		" include-tag multi_ack_detailed";
-	struct object *o = parse_object(sha1);
+	struct object *o = lookup_unknown_object(sha1);
 	const char *refname_nons = strip_namespace(refname);
-
-	if (!o)
-		die("git upload-pack: cannot find object %s:", sha1_to_hex(sha1));
+	unsigned char peeled[20];
 
 	if (capabilities)
-		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons,
+		packet_write(1, "%s %s%c%s%s agent=%s\n",
+			     sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons,
 			     0, capabilities,
-			     stateless_rpc ? " no-done" : "");
+			     stateless_rpc ? " no-done" : "",
+			     git_user_agent_sanitized());
 	else
 		packet_write(1, "%s %s\n", sha1_to_hex(sha1), refname_nons);
 	capabilities = NULL;
@@ -737,11 +751,8 @@
 		o->flags |= OUR_REF;
 		nr_our_refs++;
 	}
-	if (o->type == OBJ_TAG) {
-		o = deref_tag(o, refname, 0);
-		if (o)
-			packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(o->sha1), refname_nons);
-	}
+	if (!peel_ref(refname, peeled))
+		packet_write(1, "%s %s^{}\n", sha1_to_hex(peeled), refname_nons);
 	return 0;
 }
 
@@ -784,6 +795,8 @@
 	int i;
 	int strict = 0;
 
+	git_setup_gettext();
+
 	packet_trace_identity("upload-pack");
 	git_extract_argv0_path(argv[0]);
 	read_replace_refs = 0;
diff --git a/usage.c b/usage.c
index a2a6678..40b3de5 100644
--- a/usage.c
+++ b/usage.c
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
+static int dying;
+
 void vreportf(const char *prefix, const char *err, va_list params)
 {
 	char msg[4096];
@@ -82,6 +84,12 @@
 {
 	va_list params;
 
+	if (dying) {
+		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die handler\n", stderr);
+		exit(128);
+	}
+	dying = 1;
+
 	va_start(params, err);
 	die_routine(err, params);
 	va_end(params);
@@ -94,6 +102,13 @@
 	char str_error[256], *err;
 	int i, j;
 
+	if (dying) {
+		fputs("fatal: recursion detected in die_errno handler\n",
+			stderr);
+		exit(128);
+	}
+	dying = 1;
+
 	err = strerror(errno);
 	for (i = j = 0; err[i] && j < sizeof(str_error) - 1; ) {
 		if ((str_error[j++] = err[i++]) != '%')
@@ -115,6 +130,7 @@
 	va_end(params);
 }
 
+#undef error
 int error(const char *err, ...)
 {
 	va_list params;
diff --git a/userdiff.c b/userdiff.c
index bf553ad..ea43a03 100644
--- a/userdiff.c
+++ b/userdiff.c
@@ -14,6 +14,15 @@
 	{ name, NULL, -1, { pattern, REG_EXTENDED | REG_ICASE }, \
 	  word_regex "|[^[:space:]]|[\xc0-\xff][\x80-\xbf]+" }
 static struct userdiff_driver builtin_drivers[] = {
+IPATTERN("ada",
+	 "!^(.*[ \t])?(is new|renames|is separate)([ \t].*)?$\n"
+	 "!^[ \t]*with[ \t].*$\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*((procedure|function)[ \t]+.*)$\n"
+	 "^[ \t]*((package|protected|task)[ \t]+.*)$",
+	 /* -- */
+	 "[a-zA-Z][a-zA-Z0-9_]*"
+	 "|[0-9][-+0-9#_.eE]"
+	 "|=>|\\.\\.|\\*\\*|:=|/=|>=|<=|<<|>>|<>"),
 IPATTERN("fortran",
 	 "!^([C*]|[ \t]*!)\n"
 	 "!^[ \t]*MODULE[ \t]+PROCEDURE[ \t]\n"
@@ -37,6 +46,9 @@
 	 "|[-+0-9.e]+[fFlL]?|0[xXbB]?[0-9a-fA-F]+[lL]?"
 	 "|[-+*/<>%&^|=!]="
 	 "|--|\\+\\+|<<=?|>>>?=?|&&|\\|\\|"),
+PATTERNS("matlab",
+	 "^[[:space:]]*((classdef|function)[[:space:]].*)$|^%%[[:space:]].*$",
+	 "[a-zA-Z_][a-zA-Z0-9_]*|[-+0-9.e]+|[=~<>]=|\\.[*/\\^']|\\|\\||&&"),
 PATTERNS("objc",
 	 /* Negate C statements that can look like functions */
 	 "!^[ \t]*(do|for|if|else|return|switch|while)\n"
@@ -115,7 +127,7 @@
 	 /* Jump targets or access declarations */
 	 "!^[ \t]*[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*:.*$\n"
 	 /* C/++ functions/methods at top level */
-	 "^([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]*::[ \t]*[^[:space:]]+)?){1,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
+	 "^([A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t*]+[A-Za-z_][A-Za-z_0-9]*([ \t]*::[ \t]*[^[:space:]]+)?){1,}[ \t]*\\([^;]*)$\n"
 	 /* compound type at top level */
 	 "^((struct|class|enum)[^;]*)$",
 	 /* -- */
@@ -172,49 +184,13 @@
 	return NULL;
 }
 
-static struct userdiff_driver *parse_driver(const char *var,
-		const char *value, const char *type)
-{
-	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
-	const char *dot;
-	const char *name;
-	int namelen;
-
-	if (prefixcmp(var, "diff."))
-		return NULL;
-	dot = strrchr(var, '.');
-	if (dot == var + 4)
-		return NULL;
-	if (strcmp(type, dot+1))
-		return NULL;
-
-	name = var + 5;
-	namelen = dot - name;
-	drv = userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, namelen);
-	if (!drv) {
-		ALLOC_GROW(drivers, ndrivers+1, drivers_alloc);
-		drv = &drivers[ndrivers++];
-		memset(drv, 0, sizeof(*drv));
-		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
-		drv->binary = -1;
-	}
-	return drv;
-}
-
 static int parse_funcname(struct userdiff_funcname *f, const char *k,
 		const char *v, int cflags)
 {
 	if (git_config_string(&f->pattern, k, v) < 0)
 		return -1;
 	f->cflags = cflags;
-	return 1;
-}
-
-static int parse_string(const char **d, const char *k, const char *v)
-{
-	if (git_config_string(d, k, v) < 0)
-		return -1;
-	return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int parse_tristate(int *b, const char *k, const char *v)
@@ -223,33 +199,47 @@
 		*b = -1;
 	else
 		*b = git_config_bool(k, v);
-	return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 static int parse_bool(int *b, const char *k, const char *v)
 {
 	*b = git_config_bool(k, v);
-	return 1;
+	return 0;
 }
 
 int userdiff_config(const char *k, const char *v)
 {
 	struct userdiff_driver *drv;
+	const char *name, *type;
+	int namelen;
 
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "funcname")))
+	if (parse_config_key(k, "diff", &name, &namelen, &type) || !name)
+		return 0;
+
+	drv = userdiff_find_by_namelen(name, namelen);
+	if (!drv) {
+		ALLOC_GROW(drivers, ndrivers+1, drivers_alloc);
+		drv = &drivers[ndrivers++];
+		memset(drv, 0, sizeof(*drv));
+		drv->name = xmemdupz(name, namelen);
+		drv->binary = -1;
+	}
+
+	if (!strcmp(type, "funcname"))
 		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, 0);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "xfuncname")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "xfuncname"))
 		return parse_funcname(&drv->funcname, k, v, REG_EXTENDED);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "binary")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "binary"))
 		return parse_tristate(&drv->binary, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "command")))
-		return parse_string(&drv->external, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "textconv")))
-		return parse_string(&drv->textconv, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "cachetextconv")))
+	if (!strcmp(type, "command"))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->external, k, v);
+	if (!strcmp(type, "textconv"))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->textconv, k, v);
+	if (!strcmp(type, "cachetextconv"))
 		return parse_bool(&drv->textconv_want_cache, k, v);
-	if ((drv = parse_driver(k, v, "wordregex")))
-		return parse_string(&drv->word_regex, k, v);
+	if (!strcmp(type, "wordregex"))
+		return git_config_string(&drv->word_regex, k, v);
 
 	return 0;
 }
diff --git a/utf8.c b/utf8.c
index 8acbc66..a4ee665 100644
--- a/utf8.c
+++ b/utf8.c
@@ -323,7 +323,7 @@
  * If indent is negative, assume that already -indent columns have been
  * consumed (and no extra indent is necessary for the first line).
  */
-int strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
+void strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
 		const char *text, int indent1, int indent2, int width)
 {
 	int indent, w, assume_utf8 = 1;
@@ -332,7 +332,7 @@
 
 	if (width <= 0) {
 		strbuf_add_indented_text(buf, text, indent1, indent2);
-		return 1;
+		return;
 	}
 
 retry:
@@ -353,17 +353,17 @@
 
 		c = *text;
 		if (!c || isspace(c)) {
-			if (w < width || !space) {
+			if (w <= width || !space) {
 				const char *start = bol;
 				if (!c && text == start)
-					return w;
+					return;
 				if (space)
 					start = space;
 				else
 					strbuf_addchars(buf, ' ', indent);
 				strbuf_add(buf, start, text - start);
 				if (!c)
-					return w;
+					return;
 				space = text;
 				if (c == '\t')
 					w |= 0x07;
@@ -405,13 +405,12 @@
 	}
 }
 
-int strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
+void strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
 			     int indent, int indent2, int width)
 {
 	char *tmp = xstrndup(data, len);
-	int r = strbuf_add_wrapped_text(buf, tmp, indent, indent2, width);
+	strbuf_add_wrapped_text(buf, tmp, indent, indent2, width);
 	free(tmp);
-	return r;
 }
 
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name)
@@ -423,6 +422,13 @@
 	return 0;
 }
 
+int same_encoding(const char *src, const char *dst)
+{
+	if (is_encoding_utf8(src) && is_encoding_utf8(dst))
+		return 1;
+	return !strcasecmp(src, dst);
+}
+
 /*
  * Given a buffer and its encoding, return it re-encoded
  * with iconv.  If the conversion fails, returns NULL.
@@ -433,19 +439,12 @@
 #else
 	typedef char * iconv_ibp;
 #endif
-char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding)
+char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv)
 {
-	iconv_t conv;
-	size_t insz, outsz, outalloc;
+	size_t outsz, outalloc;
 	char *out, *outpos;
 	iconv_ibp cp;
 
-	if (!in_encoding)
-		return NULL;
-	conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
-	if (conv == (iconv_t) -1)
-		return NULL;
-	insz = strlen(in);
 	outsz = insz;
 	outalloc = outsz + 1; /* for terminating NUL */
 	out = xmalloc(outalloc);
@@ -459,7 +458,6 @@
 			size_t sofar;
 			if (errno != E2BIG) {
 				free(out);
-				iconv_close(conv);
 				return NULL;
 			}
 			/* insz has remaining number of bytes.
@@ -478,6 +476,20 @@
 			break;
 		}
 	}
+	return out;
+}
+
+char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding)
+{
+	iconv_t conv;
+	char *out;
+
+	if (!in_encoding)
+		return NULL;
+	conv = iconv_open(out_encoding, in_encoding);
+	if (conv == (iconv_t) -1)
+		return NULL;
+	out = reencode_string_iconv(in, strlen(in), conv);
 	iconv_close(conv);
 	return out;
 }
diff --git a/utf8.h b/utf8.h
index 81f2c82..a214238 100644
--- a/utf8.h
+++ b/utf8.h
@@ -7,13 +7,15 @@
 int utf8_strwidth(const char *string);
 int is_utf8(const char *text);
 int is_encoding_utf8(const char *name);
+int same_encoding(const char *, const char *);
 
-int strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
+void strbuf_add_wrapped_text(struct strbuf *buf,
 		const char *text, int indent, int indent2, int width);
-int strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
+void strbuf_add_wrapped_bytes(struct strbuf *buf, const char *data, int len,
 			     int indent, int indent2, int width);
 
 #ifndef NO_ICONV
+char *reencode_string_iconv(const char *in, size_t insz, iconv_t conv);
 char *reencode_string(const char *in, const char *out_encoding, const char *in_encoding);
 #else
 #define reencode_string(a,b,c) NULL
diff --git a/varint.c b/varint.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4ed7729
--- /dev/null
+++ b/varint.c
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+#include "varint.h"
+
+uintmax_t decode_varint(const unsigned char **bufp)
+{
+	const unsigned char *buf = *bufp;
+	unsigned char c = *buf++;
+	uintmax_t val = c & 127;
+	while (c & 128) {
+		val += 1;
+		if (!val || MSB(val, 7))
+			return 0; /* overflow */
+		c = *buf++;
+		val = (val << 7) + (c & 127);
+	}
+	*bufp = buf;
+	return val;
+}
+
+int encode_varint(uintmax_t value, unsigned char *buf)
+{
+	unsigned char varint[16];
+	unsigned pos = sizeof(varint) - 1;
+	varint[pos] = value & 127;
+	while (value >>= 7)
+		varint[--pos] = 128 | (--value & 127);
+	if (buf)
+		memcpy(buf, varint + pos, sizeof(varint) - pos);
+	return sizeof(varint) - pos;
+}
diff --git a/varint.h b/varint.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0321195
--- /dev/null
+++ b/varint.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef VARINT_H
+#define VARINT_H
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+
+extern int encode_varint(uintmax_t, unsigned char *);
+extern uintmax_t decode_varint(const unsigned char **);
+
+#endif /* VARINT_H */
diff --git a/vcs-svn/LICENSE b/vcs-svn/LICENSE
index 0a5e3c4..eb91858 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/LICENSE
+++ b/vcs-svn/LICENSE
@@ -1,8 +1,7 @@
 Copyright (C) 2010 David Barr <david.barr@cordelta.com>.
 All rights reserved.
 
-Copyright (C) 2008 Jason Evans <jasone@canonware.com>.
-All rights reserved.
+Copyright (C) 2010 Jonathan Nieder <jrnieder@gmail.com>.
 
 Copyright (C) 2005 Stefan Hegny, hydrografix Consulting GmbH,
 Frankfurt/Main, Germany
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
index 99ed70b..f2b23c8 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.c
@@ -3,38 +3,97 @@
  * See LICENSE for details.
  */
 
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "quote.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
-#include "line_buffer.h"
 #include "repo_tree.h"
-#include "string_pool.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+#include "svndiff.h"
+#include "sliding_window.h"
+#include "line_buffer.h"
 
 #define MAX_GITSVN_LINE_LEN 4096
 
 static uint32_t first_commit_done;
+static struct line_buffer postimage = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
+static struct line_buffer report_buffer = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
 
-void fast_export_delete(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path)
+/* NEEDSWORK: move to fast_export_init() */
+static int init_postimage(void)
+{
+	static int postimage_initialized;
+	if (postimage_initialized)
+		return 0;
+	postimage_initialized = 1;
+	return buffer_tmpfile_init(&postimage);
+}
+
+void fast_export_init(int fd)
+{
+	first_commit_done = 0;
+	if (buffer_fdinit(&report_buffer, fd))
+		die_errno("cannot read from file descriptor %d", fd);
+}
+
+void fast_export_deinit(void)
+{
+	if (buffer_deinit(&report_buffer))
+		die_errno("error closing fast-import feedback stream");
+}
+
+void fast_export_delete(const char *path)
 {
 	putchar('D');
 	putchar(' ');
-	pool_print_seq(depth, path, '/', stdout);
+	quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
 	putchar('\n');
 }
 
-void fast_export_modify(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
-			uint32_t mark)
+static void fast_export_truncate(const char *path, uint32_t mode)
+{
+	fast_export_modify(path, mode, "inline");
+	printf("data 0\n\n");
+}
+
+void fast_export_modify(const char *path, uint32_t mode, const char *dataref)
 {
 	/* Mode must be 100644, 100755, 120000, or 160000. */
-	printf("M %06"PRIo32" :%"PRIu32" ", mode, mark);
-	pool_print_seq(depth, path, '/', stdout);
+	if (!dataref) {
+		fast_export_truncate(path, mode);
+		return;
+	}
+	printf("M %06"PRIo32" %s ", mode, dataref);
+	quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
 	putchar('\n');
 }
 
+void fast_export_begin_note(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+		const char *log, unsigned long timestamp, const char *note_ref)
+{
+	static int firstnote = 1;
+	size_t loglen = strlen(log);
+	printf("commit %s\n", note_ref);
+	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %ld +0000\n", author, author, "local", timestamp);
+	printf("data %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t)loglen);
+	fwrite(log, loglen, 1, stdout);
+	if (firstnote) {
+		if (revision > 1)
+			printf("from %s^0", note_ref);
+		firstnote = 0;
+	}
+	fputc('\n', stdout);
+}
+
+void fast_export_note(const char *committish, const char *dataref)
+{
+	printf("N %s %s\n", dataref, committish);
+}
+
 static char gitsvnline[MAX_GITSVN_LINE_LEN];
-void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+void fast_export_begin_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
 			const struct strbuf *log,
 			const char *uuid, const char *url,
-			unsigned long timestamp)
+			unsigned long timestamp, const char *local_ref)
 {
 	static const struct strbuf empty = STRBUF_INIT;
 	if (!log)
@@ -46,7 +105,8 @@
 	} else {
 		*gitsvnline = '\0';
 	}
-	printf("commit refs/heads/master\n");
+	printf("commit %s\n", local_ref);
+	printf("mark :%"PRIu32"\n", revision);
 	printf("committer %s <%s@%s> %ld +0000\n",
 		   *author ? author : "nobody",
 		   *author ? author : "nobody",
@@ -57,15 +117,44 @@
 	printf("%s\n", gitsvnline);
 	if (!first_commit_done) {
 		if (revision > 1)
-			printf("from refs/heads/master^0\n");
+			printf("from :%"PRIu32"\n", revision - 1);
 		first_commit_done = 1;
 	}
-	repo_diff(revision - 1, revision);
-	fputc('\n', stdout);
+}
 
+void fast_export_end_commit(uint32_t revision)
+{
 	printf("progress Imported commit %"PRIu32".\n\n", revision);
 }
 
+static void ls_from_rev(uint32_t rev, const char *path)
+{
+	/* ls :5 path/to/old/file */
+	printf("ls :%"PRIu32" ", rev);
+	quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 0);
+	putchar('\n');
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static void ls_from_active_commit(const char *path)
+{
+	/* ls "path/to/file" */
+	printf("ls \"");
+	quote_c_style(path, NULL, stdout, 1);
+	printf("\"\n");
+	fflush(stdout);
+}
+
+static const char *get_response_line(void)
+{
+	const char *line = buffer_read_line(&report_buffer);
+	if (line)
+		return line;
+	if (buffer_ferror(&report_buffer))
+		die_errno("error reading from fast-import");
+	die("unexpected end of fast-import feedback");
+}
+
 static void die_short_read(struct line_buffer *input)
 {
 	if (buffer_ferror(input))
@@ -73,16 +162,178 @@
 	die("invalid dump: unexpected end of file");
 }
 
-void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
+static int ends_with(const char *s, size_t len, const char *suffix)
 {
+	const size_t suffixlen = strlen(suffix);
+	if (len < suffixlen)
+		return 0;
+	return !memcmp(s + len - suffixlen, suffix, suffixlen);
+}
+
+static int parse_cat_response_line(const char *header, off_t *len)
+{
+	size_t headerlen = strlen(header);
+	uintmax_t n;
+	const char *type;
+	const char *end;
+
+	if (ends_with(header, headerlen, " missing"))
+		return error("cat-blob reports missing blob: %s", header);
+	type = strstr(header, " blob ");
+	if (!type)
+		return error("cat-blob header has wrong object type: %s", header);
+	n = strtoumax(type + strlen(" blob "), (char **) &end, 10);
+	if (end == type + strlen(" blob "))
+		return error("cat-blob header does not contain length: %s", header);
+	if (memchr(type + strlen(" blob "), '-', end - type - strlen(" blob ")))
+		return error("cat-blob header contains negative length: %s", header);
+	if (n == UINTMAX_MAX || n > maximum_signed_value_of_type(off_t))
+		return error("blob too large for current definition of off_t");
+	*len = n;
+	if (*end)
+		return error("cat-blob header contains garbage after length: %s", header);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void check_preimage_overflow(off_t a, off_t b)
+{
+	if (signed_add_overflows(a, b))
+		die("blob too large for current definition of off_t");
+}
+
+static long apply_delta(off_t len, struct line_buffer *input,
+			const char *old_data, uint32_t old_mode)
+{
+	long ret;
+	struct sliding_view preimage = SLIDING_VIEW_INIT(&report_buffer, 0);
+	FILE *out;
+
+	if (init_postimage() || !(out = buffer_tmpfile_rewind(&postimage)))
+		die("cannot open temporary file for blob retrieval");
+	if (old_data) {
+		const char *response;
+		printf("cat-blob %s\n", old_data);
+		fflush(stdout);
+		response = get_response_line();
+		if (parse_cat_response_line(response, &preimage.max_off))
+			die("invalid cat-blob response: %s", response);
+		check_preimage_overflow(preimage.max_off, 1);
+	}
+	if (old_mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
+		strbuf_addstr(&preimage.buf, "link ");
+		check_preimage_overflow(preimage.max_off, strlen("link "));
+		preimage.max_off += strlen("link ");
+		check_preimage_overflow(preimage.max_off, 1);
+	}
+	if (svndiff0_apply(input, len, &preimage, out))
+		die("cannot apply delta");
+	if (old_data) {
+		/* Read the remainder of preimage and trailing newline. */
+		assert(!signed_add_overflows(preimage.max_off, 1));
+		preimage.max_off++;	/* room for newline */
+		if (move_window(&preimage, preimage.max_off - 1, 1))
+			die("cannot seek to end of input");
+		if (preimage.buf.buf[0] != '\n')
+			die("missing newline after cat-blob response");
+	}
+	ret = buffer_tmpfile_prepare_to_read(&postimage);
+	if (ret < 0)
+		die("cannot read temporary file for blob retrieval");
+	strbuf_release(&preimage.buf);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+void fast_export_buf_to_data(const struct strbuf *data)
+{
+	printf("data %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t)data->len);
+	fwrite(data->buf, data->len, 1, stdout);
+	fputc('\n', stdout);
+}
+
+void fast_export_data(uint32_t mode, off_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
+{
+	assert(len >= 0);
 	if (mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
 		/* svn symlink blobs start with "link " */
+		if (len < 5)
+			die("invalid dump: symlink too short for \"link\" prefix");
 		len -= 5;
 		if (buffer_skip_bytes(input, 5) != 5)
 			die_short_read(input);
 	}
-	printf("blob\nmark :%"PRIu32"\ndata %"PRIu32"\n", mark, len);
+	printf("data %"PRIuMAX"\n", (uintmax_t) len);
 	if (buffer_copy_bytes(input, len) != len)
 		die_short_read(input);
 	fputc('\n', stdout);
 }
+
+static int parse_ls_response(const char *response, uint32_t *mode,
+					struct strbuf *dataref)
+{
+	const char *tab;
+	const char *response_end;
+
+	assert(response);
+	response_end = response + strlen(response);
+
+	if (*response == 'm') {	/* Missing. */
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	/* Mode. */
+	if (response_end - response < (signed) strlen("100644") ||
+	    response[strlen("100644")] != ' ')
+		die("invalid ls response: missing mode: %s", response);
+	*mode = 0;
+	for (; *response != ' '; response++) {
+		char ch = *response;
+		if (ch < '0' || ch > '7')
+			die("invalid ls response: mode is not octal: %s", response);
+		*mode *= 8;
+		*mode += ch - '0';
+	}
+
+	/* ' blob ' or ' tree ' */
+	if (response_end - response < (signed) strlen(" blob ") ||
+	    (response[1] != 'b' && response[1] != 't'))
+		die("unexpected ls response: not a tree or blob: %s", response);
+	response += strlen(" blob ");
+
+	/* Dataref. */
+	tab = memchr(response, '\t', response_end - response);
+	if (!tab)
+		die("invalid ls response: missing tab: %s", response);
+	strbuf_add(dataref, response, tab - response);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int fast_export_ls_rev(uint32_t rev, const char *path,
+				uint32_t *mode, struct strbuf *dataref)
+{
+	ls_from_rev(rev, path);
+	return parse_ls_response(get_response_line(), mode, dataref);
+}
+
+int fast_export_ls(const char *path, uint32_t *mode, struct strbuf *dataref)
+{
+	ls_from_active_commit(path);
+	return parse_ls_response(get_response_line(), mode, dataref);
+}
+
+void fast_export_blob_delta(uint32_t mode,
+				uint32_t old_mode, const char *old_data,
+				off_t len, struct line_buffer *input)
+{
+	long postimage_len;
+
+	assert(len >= 0);
+	postimage_len = apply_delta(len, input, old_data, old_mode);
+	if (mode == REPO_MODE_LNK) {
+		buffer_skip_bytes(&postimage, strlen("link "));
+		postimage_len -= strlen("link ");
+	}
+	printf("data %ld\n", postimage_len);
+	buffer_copy_bytes(&postimage, postimage_len);
+	fputc('\n', stdout);
+}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
index 33a8fe9..c8b5adb 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/fast_export.h
@@ -1,16 +1,31 @@
 #ifndef FAST_EXPORT_H_
 #define FAST_EXPORT_H_
 
-#include "line_buffer.h"
 struct strbuf;
+struct line_buffer;
 
-void fast_export_delete(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path);
-void fast_export_modify(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
-			uint32_t mark);
-void fast_export_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
-			const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid,
-			const char *url, unsigned long timestamp);
-void fast_export_blob(uint32_t mode, uint32_t mark, uint32_t len,
-		      struct line_buffer *input);
+void fast_export_init(int fd);
+void fast_export_deinit(void);
+
+void fast_export_delete(const char *path);
+void fast_export_modify(const char *path, uint32_t mode, const char *dataref);
+void fast_export_note(const char *committish, const char *dataref);
+void fast_export_begin_note(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+		const char *log, unsigned long timestamp, const char *note_ref);
+void fast_export_begin_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
+			const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid,const char *url,
+			unsigned long timestamp, const char *local_ref);
+void fast_export_end_commit(uint32_t revision);
+void fast_export_data(uint32_t mode, off_t len, struct line_buffer *input);
+void fast_export_buf_to_data(const struct strbuf *data);
+void fast_export_blob_delta(uint32_t mode,
+			uint32_t old_mode, const char *old_data,
+			off_t len, struct line_buffer *input);
+
+/* If there is no such file at that rev, returns -1, errno == ENOENT. */
+int fast_export_ls_rev(uint32_t rev, const char *path,
+			uint32_t *mode_out, struct strbuf *dataref_out);
+int fast_export_ls(const char *path,
+			uint32_t *mode_out, struct strbuf *dataref_out);
 
 #endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
index c390387..57cc1ce 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.c
@@ -91,10 +91,10 @@
 	return buf->line_buffer;
 }
 
-void buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf,
-				struct strbuf *sb, uint32_t size)
+size_t buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf,
+				struct strbuf *sb, size_t size)
 {
-	strbuf_fread(sb, size, buf->infile);
+	return strbuf_fread(sb, size, buf->infile);
 }
 
 off_t buffer_copy_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t nbytes)
@@ -124,7 +124,3 @@
 	}
 	return done;
 }
-
-void buffer_reset(struct line_buffer *buf)
-{
-}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
index d0b22dd..ee23b4f 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/line_buffer.h
@@ -14,7 +14,6 @@
 int buffer_init(struct line_buffer *buf, const char *filename);
 int buffer_fdinit(struct line_buffer *buf, int fd);
 int buffer_deinit(struct line_buffer *buf);
-void buffer_reset(struct line_buffer *buf);
 
 int buffer_tmpfile_init(struct line_buffer *buf);
 FILE *buffer_tmpfile_rewind(struct line_buffer *buf);	/* prepare to write. */
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@
 int buffer_ferror(struct line_buffer *buf);
 char *buffer_read_line(struct line_buffer *buf);
 int buffer_read_char(struct line_buffer *buf);
-void buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf, struct strbuf *sb, uint32_t len);
+size_t buffer_read_binary(struct line_buffer *buf, struct strbuf *sb, size_t len);
 /* Returns number of bytes read (not necessarily written). */
 off_t buffer_copy_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t len);
 off_t buffer_skip_bytes(struct line_buffer *buf, off_t len);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/obj_pool.h b/vcs-svn/obj_pool.h
deleted file mode 100644
index deb6eb8..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/obj_pool.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,61 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
- * See LICENSE for details.
- */
-
-#ifndef OBJ_POOL_H_
-#define OBJ_POOL_H_
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-
-#define MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
-
-#define obj_pool_gen(pre, obj_t, initial_capacity) \
-static struct { \
-	uint32_t committed; \
-	uint32_t size; \
-	uint32_t capacity; \
-	obj_t *base; \
-} pre##_pool = {0, 0, 0, NULL}; \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED uint32_t pre##_alloc(uint32_t count) \
-{ \
-	uint32_t offset; \
-	if (pre##_pool.size + count > pre##_pool.capacity) { \
-		while (pre##_pool.size + count > pre##_pool.capacity) \
-			if (pre##_pool.capacity) \
-				pre##_pool.capacity *= 2; \
-			else \
-				pre##_pool.capacity = initial_capacity; \
-		pre##_pool.base = realloc(pre##_pool.base, \
-					pre##_pool.capacity * sizeof(obj_t)); \
-	} \
-	offset = pre##_pool.size; \
-	pre##_pool.size += count; \
-	return offset; \
-} \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void pre##_free(uint32_t count) \
-{ \
-	pre##_pool.size -= count; \
-} \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED uint32_t pre##_offset(obj_t *obj) \
-{ \
-	return obj == NULL ? ~0 : obj - pre##_pool.base; \
-} \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED obj_t *pre##_pointer(uint32_t offset) \
-{ \
-	return offset >= pre##_pool.size ? NULL : &pre##_pool.base[offset]; \
-} \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void pre##_commit(void) \
-{ \
-	pre##_pool.committed = pre##_pool.size; \
-} \
-static MAYBE_UNUSED void pre##_reset(void) \
-{ \
-	free(pre##_pool.base); \
-	pre##_pool.base = NULL; \
-	pre##_pool.size = 0; \
-	pre##_pool.capacity = 0; \
-	pre##_pool.committed = 0; \
-}
-
-#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
index a21d89d..67d27f0 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.c
@@ -4,323 +4,45 @@
  */
 
 #include "git-compat-util.h"
-
-#include "string_pool.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 #include "repo_tree.h"
-#include "obj_pool.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
 
-#include "trp.h"
-
-struct repo_dirent {
-	uint32_t name_offset;
-	struct trp_node children;
-	uint32_t mode;
-	uint32_t content_offset;
-};
-
-struct repo_dir {
-	struct trp_root entries;
-};
-
-struct repo_commit {
-	uint32_t root_dir_offset;
-};
-
-/* Memory pools for commit, dir and dirent */
-obj_pool_gen(commit, struct repo_commit, 4096)
-obj_pool_gen(dir, struct repo_dir, 4096)
-obj_pool_gen(dent, struct repo_dirent, 4096)
-
-static uint32_t active_commit;
-static uint32_t mark;
-
-static int repo_dirent_name_cmp(const void *a, const void *b);
-
-/* Treap for directory entries */
-trp_gen(static, dent_, struct repo_dirent, children, dent, repo_dirent_name_cmp)
-
-uint32_t next_blob_mark(void)
+const char *repo_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out)
 {
-	return mark++;
-}
+	int err;
+	static struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-static struct repo_dir *repo_commit_root_dir(struct repo_commit *commit)
-{
-	return dir_pointer(commit->root_dir_offset);
-}
-
-static struct repo_dirent *repo_first_dirent(struct repo_dir *dir)
-{
-	return dent_first(&dir->entries);
-}
-
-static int repo_dirent_name_cmp(const void *a, const void *b)
-{
-	const struct repo_dirent *dent1 = a, *dent2 = b;
-	uint32_t a_offset = dent1->name_offset;
-	uint32_t b_offset = dent2->name_offset;
-	return (a_offset > b_offset) - (a_offset < b_offset);
-}
-
-static int repo_dirent_is_dir(struct repo_dirent *dent)
-{
-	return dent != NULL && dent->mode == REPO_MODE_DIR;
-}
-
-static struct repo_dir *repo_dir_from_dirent(struct repo_dirent *dent)
-{
-	if (!repo_dirent_is_dir(dent))
+	strbuf_reset(&buf);
+	err = fast_export_ls(path, mode_out, &buf);
+	if (err) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			die_errno("BUG: unexpected fast_export_ls error");
+		/* Treat missing paths as directories. */
+		*mode_out = REPO_MODE_DIR;
 		return NULL;
-	return dir_pointer(dent->content_offset);
-}
-
-static struct repo_dir *repo_clone_dir(struct repo_dir *orig_dir)
-{
-	uint32_t orig_o, new_o;
-	orig_o = dir_offset(orig_dir);
-	if (orig_o >= dir_pool.committed)
-		return orig_dir;
-	new_o = dir_alloc(1);
-	orig_dir = dir_pointer(orig_o);
-	*dir_pointer(new_o) = *orig_dir;
-	return dir_pointer(new_o);
-}
-
-static struct repo_dirent *repo_read_dirent(uint32_t revision,
-					    const uint32_t *path)
-{
-	uint32_t name = 0;
-	struct repo_dirent *key = dent_pointer(dent_alloc(1));
-	struct repo_dir *dir = NULL;
-	struct repo_dirent *dent = NULL;
-	dir = repo_commit_root_dir(commit_pointer(revision));
-	while (~(name = *path++)) {
-		key->name_offset = name;
-		dent = dent_search(&dir->entries, key);
-		if (dent == NULL || !repo_dirent_is_dir(dent))
-			break;
-		dir = repo_dir_from_dirent(dent);
 	}
-	dent_free(1);
-	return dent;
+	return buf.buf;
 }
 
-static void repo_write_dirent(const uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode,
-			      uint32_t content_offset, uint32_t del)
+void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst)
 {
-	uint32_t name, revision, dir_o = ~0, parent_dir_o = ~0;
-	struct repo_dir *dir;
-	struct repo_dirent *key;
-	struct repo_dirent *dent = NULL;
-	revision = active_commit;
-	dir = repo_commit_root_dir(commit_pointer(revision));
-	dir = repo_clone_dir(dir);
-	commit_pointer(revision)->root_dir_offset = dir_offset(dir);
-	while (~(name = *path++)) {
-		parent_dir_o = dir_offset(dir);
+	int err;
+	uint32_t mode;
+	static struct strbuf data = STRBUF_INIT;
 
-		key = dent_pointer(dent_alloc(1));
-		key->name_offset = name;
-
-		dent = dent_search(&dir->entries, key);
-		if (dent == NULL)
-			dent = key;
-		else
-			dent_free(1);
-
-		if (dent == key) {
-			dent->mode = REPO_MODE_DIR;
-			dent->content_offset = 0;
-			dent = dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
-		}
-
-		if (dent_offset(dent) < dent_pool.committed) {
-			dir_o = repo_dirent_is_dir(dent) ?
-					dent->content_offset : ~0;
-			dent_remove(&dir->entries, dent);
-			dent = dent_pointer(dent_alloc(1));
-			dent->name_offset = name;
-			dent->mode = REPO_MODE_DIR;
-			dent->content_offset = dir_o;
-			dent = dent_insert(&dir->entries, dent);
-		}
-
-		dir = repo_dir_from_dirent(dent);
-		dir = repo_clone_dir(dir);
-		dent->content_offset = dir_offset(dir);
-	}
-	if (dent == NULL)
+	strbuf_reset(&data);
+	err = fast_export_ls_rev(revision, src, &mode, &data);
+	if (err) {
+		if (errno != ENOENT)
+			die_errno("BUG: unexpected fast_export_ls_rev error");
+		fast_export_delete(dst);
 		return;
-	dent->mode = mode;
-	dent->content_offset = content_offset;
-	if (del && ~parent_dir_o)
-		dent_remove(&dir_pointer(parent_dir_o)->entries, dent);
-}
-
-uint32_t repo_read_path(const uint32_t *path)
-{
-	uint32_t content_offset = 0;
-	struct repo_dirent *dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
-	if (dent != NULL)
-		content_offset = dent->content_offset;
-	return content_offset;
-}
-
-uint32_t repo_read_mode(const uint32_t *path)
-{
-	struct repo_dirent *dent = repo_read_dirent(active_commit, path);
-	if (dent == NULL)
-		die("invalid dump: path to be modified is missing");
-	return dent->mode;
-}
-
-void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const uint32_t *src, const uint32_t *dst)
-{
-	uint32_t mode = 0, content_offset = 0;
-	struct repo_dirent *src_dent;
-	src_dent = repo_read_dirent(revision, src);
-	if (src_dent != NULL) {
-		mode = src_dent->mode;
-		content_offset = src_dent->content_offset;
-		repo_write_dirent(dst, mode, content_offset, 0);
 	}
+	fast_export_modify(dst, mode, data.buf);
 }
 
-void repo_add(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark)
+void repo_delete(const char *path)
 {
-	repo_write_dirent(path, mode, blob_mark, 0);
-}
-
-void repo_delete(uint32_t *path)
-{
-	repo_write_dirent(path, 0, 0, 1);
-}
-
-static void repo_git_add_r(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, struct repo_dir *dir);
-
-static void repo_git_add(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, struct repo_dirent *dent)
-{
-	if (repo_dirent_is_dir(dent))
-		repo_git_add_r(depth, path, repo_dir_from_dirent(dent));
-	else
-		fast_export_modify(depth, path,
-				   dent->mode, dent->content_offset);
-}
-
-static void repo_git_add_r(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, struct repo_dir *dir)
-{
-	struct repo_dirent *de = repo_first_dirent(dir);
-	while (de) {
-		path[depth] = de->name_offset;
-		repo_git_add(depth + 1, path, de);
-		de = dent_next(&dir->entries, de);
-	}
-}
-
-static void repo_diff_r(uint32_t depth, uint32_t *path, struct repo_dir *dir1,
-			struct repo_dir *dir2)
-{
-	struct repo_dirent *de1, *de2;
-	de1 = repo_first_dirent(dir1);
-	de2 = repo_first_dirent(dir2);
-
-	while (de1 && de2) {
-		if (de1->name_offset < de2->name_offset) {
-			path[depth] = de1->name_offset;
-			fast_export_delete(depth + 1, path);
-			de1 = dent_next(&dir1->entries, de1);
-			continue;
-		}
-		if (de1->name_offset > de2->name_offset) {
-			path[depth] = de2->name_offset;
-			repo_git_add(depth + 1, path, de2);
-			de2 = dent_next(&dir2->entries, de2);
-			continue;
-		}
-		path[depth] = de1->name_offset;
-
-		if (de1->mode == de2->mode &&
-		    de1->content_offset == de2->content_offset) {
-			; /* No change. */
-		} else if (repo_dirent_is_dir(de1) && repo_dirent_is_dir(de2)) {
-			repo_diff_r(depth + 1, path,
-				    repo_dir_from_dirent(de1),
-				    repo_dir_from_dirent(de2));
-		} else if (!repo_dirent_is_dir(de1) && !repo_dirent_is_dir(de2)) {
-			repo_git_add(depth + 1, path, de2);
-		} else {
-			fast_export_delete(depth + 1, path);
-			repo_git_add(depth + 1, path, de2);
-		}
-		de1 = dent_next(&dir1->entries, de1);
-		de2 = dent_next(&dir2->entries, de2);
-	}
-	while (de1) {
-		path[depth] = de1->name_offset;
-		fast_export_delete(depth + 1, path);
-		de1 = dent_next(&dir1->entries, de1);
-	}
-	while (de2) {
-		path[depth] = de2->name_offset;
-		repo_git_add(depth + 1, path, de2);
-		de2 = dent_next(&dir2->entries, de2);
-	}
-}
-
-static uint32_t path_stack[REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH];
-
-void repo_diff(uint32_t r1, uint32_t r2)
-{
-	repo_diff_r(0,
-		    path_stack,
-		    repo_commit_root_dir(commit_pointer(r1)),
-		    repo_commit_root_dir(commit_pointer(r2)));
-}
-
-void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
-		const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid, const char *url,
-		unsigned long timestamp)
-{
-	fast_export_commit(revision, author, log, uuid, url, timestamp);
-	dent_commit();
-	dir_commit();
-	active_commit = commit_alloc(1);
-	commit_pointer(active_commit)->root_dir_offset =
-		commit_pointer(active_commit - 1)->root_dir_offset;
-}
-
-static void mark_init(void)
-{
-	uint32_t i;
-	mark = 0;
-	for (i = 0; i < dent_pool.size; i++)
-		if (!repo_dirent_is_dir(dent_pointer(i)) &&
-		    dent_pointer(i)->content_offset > mark)
-			mark = dent_pointer(i)->content_offset;
-	mark++;
-}
-
-void repo_init(void)
-{
-	mark_init();
-	if (commit_pool.size == 0) {
-		/* Create empty tree for commit 0. */
-		commit_alloc(1);
-		commit_pointer(0)->root_dir_offset = dir_alloc(1);
-		dir_pointer(0)->entries.trp_root = ~0;
-		dir_commit();
-	}
-	/* Preallocate next commit, ready for changes. */
-	active_commit = commit_alloc(1);
-	commit_pointer(active_commit)->root_dir_offset =
-		commit_pointer(active_commit - 1)->root_dir_offset;
-}
-
-void repo_reset(void)
-{
-	pool_reset();
-	commit_reset();
-	dir_reset();
-	dent_reset();
+	fast_export_delete(path);
 }
diff --git a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
index 37bde2e..889c6a3 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/repo_tree.h
@@ -8,15 +8,11 @@
 #define REPO_MODE_EXE 0100755
 #define REPO_MODE_LNK 0120000
 
-#define REPO_MAX_PATH_LEN 4096
-#define REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH 1000
-
 uint32_t next_blob_mark(void);
-void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const uint32_t *src, const uint32_t *dst);
-void repo_add(uint32_t *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark);
-uint32_t repo_read_path(const uint32_t *path);
-uint32_t repo_read_mode(const uint32_t *path);
-void repo_delete(uint32_t *path);
+void repo_copy(uint32_t revision, const char *src, const char *dst);
+void repo_add(const char *path, uint32_t mode, uint32_t blob_mark);
+const char *repo_read_path(const char *path, uint32_t *mode_out);
+void repo_delete(const char *path);
 void repo_commit(uint32_t revision, const char *author,
 		const struct strbuf *log, const char *uuid, const char *url,
 		long unsigned timestamp);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f11d490
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.c
@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
+ * See LICENSE for details.
+ */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "sliding_window.h"
+#include "line_buffer.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+static int input_error(struct line_buffer *file)
+{
+	if (!buffer_ferror(file))
+		return error("delta preimage ends early");
+	return error("cannot read delta preimage: %s", strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static int skip_or_whine(struct line_buffer *file, off_t gap)
+{
+	if (buffer_skip_bytes(file, gap) != gap)
+		return input_error(file);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_to_fill_or_whine(struct line_buffer *file,
+				struct strbuf *buf, size_t width)
+{
+	buffer_read_binary(file, buf, width - buf->len);
+	if (buf->len != width)
+		return input_error(file);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_offset_overflow(off_t offset, uintmax_t len)
+{
+	if (len > maximum_signed_value_of_type(off_t))
+		return error("unrepresentable length in delta: "
+				"%"PRIuMAX" > OFF_MAX", len);
+	if (signed_add_overflows(offset, (off_t) len))
+		return error("unrepresentable offset in delta: "
+				"%"PRIuMAX" + %"PRIuMAX" > OFF_MAX",
+				(uintmax_t) offset, len);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int move_window(struct sliding_view *view, off_t off, size_t width)
+{
+	off_t file_offset;
+	assert(view);
+	assert(view->width <= view->buf.len);
+	assert(!check_offset_overflow(view->off, view->buf.len));
+
+	if (check_offset_overflow(off, width))
+		return -1;
+	if (off < view->off || off + width < view->off + view->width)
+		return error("invalid delta: window slides left");
+	if (view->max_off >= 0 && view->max_off < off + (off_t) width)
+		return error("delta preimage ends early");
+
+	file_offset = view->off + view->buf.len;
+	if (off < file_offset) {
+		/* Move the overlapping region into place. */
+		strbuf_remove(&view->buf, 0, off - view->off);
+	} else {
+		/* Seek ahead to skip the gap. */
+		if (skip_or_whine(view->file, off - file_offset))
+			return -1;
+		strbuf_setlen(&view->buf, 0);
+	}
+
+	if (view->buf.len > width)
+		; /* Already read. */
+	else if (read_to_fill_or_whine(view->file, &view->buf, width))
+		return -1;
+
+	view->off = off;
+	view->width = width;
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/sliding_window.h b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b43a825
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vcs-svn/sliding_window.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef SLIDING_WINDOW_H_
+#define SLIDING_WINDOW_H_
+
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+struct sliding_view {
+	struct line_buffer *file;
+	off_t off;
+	size_t width;
+	off_t max_off;	/* -1 means unlimited */
+	struct strbuf buf;
+};
+
+#define SLIDING_VIEW_INIT(input, len)	{ (input), 0, 0, (len), STRBUF_INIT }
+
+extern int move_window(struct sliding_view *view, off_t off, size_t width);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/string_pool.c b/vcs-svn/string_pool.c
deleted file mode 100644
index 8af8d54..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/string_pool.c
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,102 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
- * See LICENSE for details.
- */
-
-#include "git-compat-util.h"
-#include "trp.h"
-#include "obj_pool.h"
-#include "string_pool.h"
-
-static struct trp_root tree = { ~0 };
-
-struct node {
-	uint32_t offset;
-	struct trp_node children;
-};
-
-/* Two memory pools: one for struct node, and another for strings */
-obj_pool_gen(node, struct node, 4096)
-obj_pool_gen(string, char, 4096)
-
-static char *node_value(struct node *node)
-{
-	return node ? string_pointer(node->offset) : NULL;
-}
-
-static int node_cmp(struct node *a, struct node *b)
-{
-	return strcmp(node_value(a), node_value(b));
-}
-
-/* Build a Treap from the node structure (a trp_node w/ offset) */
-trp_gen(static, tree_, struct node, children, node, node_cmp)
-
-const char *pool_fetch(uint32_t entry)
-{
-	return node_value(node_pointer(entry));
-}
-
-uint32_t pool_intern(const char *key)
-{
-	/* Canonicalize key */
-	struct node *match = NULL, *node;
-	uint32_t key_len;
-	if (key == NULL)
-		return ~0;
-	key_len = strlen(key) + 1;
-	node = node_pointer(node_alloc(1));
-	node->offset = string_alloc(key_len);
-	strcpy(node_value(node), key);
-	match = tree_search(&tree, node);
-	if (!match) {
-		tree_insert(&tree, node);
-	} else {
-		node_free(1);
-		string_free(key_len);
-		node = match;
-	}
-	return node_offset(node);
-}
-
-uint32_t pool_tok_r(char *str, const char *delim, char **saveptr)
-{
-	char *token = strtok_r(str, delim, saveptr);
-	return token ? pool_intern(token) : ~0;
-}
-
-void pool_print_seq(uint32_t len, uint32_t *seq, char delim, FILE *stream)
-{
-	uint32_t i;
-	for (i = 0; i < len && ~seq[i]; i++) {
-		fputs(pool_fetch(seq[i]), stream);
-		if (i < len - 1 && ~seq[i + 1])
-			fputc(delim, stream);
-	}
-}
-
-uint32_t pool_tok_seq(uint32_t sz, uint32_t *seq, const char *delim, char *str)
-{
-	char *context = NULL;
-	uint32_t token = ~0;
-	uint32_t length;
-
-	if (sz == 0)
-		return ~0;
-	if (str)
-		token = pool_tok_r(str, delim, &context);
-	for (length = 0; length < sz; length++) {
-		seq[length] = token;
-		if (token == ~0)
-			return length;
-		token = pool_tok_r(NULL, delim, &context);
-	}
-	seq[sz - 1] = ~0;
-	return sz;
-}
-
-void pool_reset(void)
-{
-	node_reset();
-	string_reset();
-}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/string_pool.h b/vcs-svn/string_pool.h
deleted file mode 100644
index 222fb66..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/string_pool.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,11 +0,0 @@
-#ifndef STRING_POOL_H_
-#define STRING_POOL_H_
-
-uint32_t pool_intern(const char *key);
-const char *pool_fetch(uint32_t entry);
-uint32_t pool_tok_r(char *str, const char *delim, char **saveptr);
-void pool_print_seq(uint32_t len, uint32_t *seq, char delim, FILE *stream);
-uint32_t pool_tok_seq(uint32_t sz, uint32_t *seq, const char *delim, char *str);
-void pool_reset(void);
-
-#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/string_pool.txt b/vcs-svn/string_pool.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 1b41f15..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/string_pool.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,43 +0,0 @@
-string_pool API
-===============
-
-The string_pool API provides facilities for replacing strings
-with integer keys that can be more easily compared and stored.
-The facilities are designed so that one could teach Git without
-too much trouble to store the information needed for these keys to
-remain valid over multiple executions.
-
-Functions
----------
-
-pool_intern::
-	Include a string in the string pool and get its key.
-	If that string is already in the pool, retrieves its
-	existing key.
-
-pool_fetch::
-	Retrieve the string associated to a given key.
-
-pool_tok_r::
-	Extract the key of the next token from a string.
-	Interface mimics strtok_r.
-
-pool_print_seq::
-	Print a sequence of strings named by key to a file, using the
-	specified delimiter to separate them.
-
-	If NULL (key ~0) appears in the sequence, the sequence ends
-	early.
-
-pool_tok_seq::
-	Split a string into tokens, storing the keys of segments
-	into a caller-provided array.
-
-	Unless sz is 0, the array will always be ~0-terminated.
-	If there is not enough room for all the tokens, the
-	array holds as many tokens as fit in the entries before
-	the terminating ~0.  Return value is the index after the
-	last token, or sz if the tokens did not fit.
-
-pool_reset::
-	Deallocate storage for the string pool.
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndiff.c b/vcs-svn/svndiff.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74c97c4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndiff.c
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
+ * See LICENSE for details.
+ */
+
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "sliding_window.h"
+#include "line_buffer.h"
+#include "svndiff.h"
+
+/*
+ * svndiff0 applier
+ *
+ * See http://svn.apache.org/repos/asf/subversion/trunk/notes/svndiff.
+ *
+ * svndiff0 ::= 'SVN\0' window*
+ * window ::= int int int int int instructions inline_data;
+ * instructions ::= instruction*;
+ * instruction ::= view_selector int int
+ *   | copyfrom_data int
+ *   | packed_view_selector int
+ *   | packed_copyfrom_data
+ *   ;
+ * view_selector ::= copyfrom_source
+ *   | copyfrom_target
+ *   ;
+ * copyfrom_source ::= # binary 00 000000;
+ * copyfrom_target ::= # binary 01 000000;
+ * copyfrom_data ::= # binary 10 000000;
+ * packed_view_selector ::= # view_selector OR-ed with 6 bit value;
+ * packed_copyfrom_data ::= # copyfrom_data OR-ed with 6 bit value;
+ * int ::= highdigit* lowdigit;
+ * highdigit ::= # binary 1000 0000 OR-ed with 7 bit value;
+ * lowdigit ::= # 7 bit value;
+ */
+
+#define INSN_MASK	0xc0
+#define INSN_COPYFROM_SOURCE	0x00
+#define INSN_COPYFROM_TARGET	0x40
+#define INSN_COPYFROM_DATA	0x80
+#define OPERAND_MASK	0x3f
+
+#define VLI_CONTINUE	0x80
+#define VLI_DIGIT_MASK	0x7f
+#define VLI_BITS_PER_DIGIT 7
+
+struct window {
+	struct sliding_view *in;
+	struct strbuf out;
+	struct strbuf instructions;
+	struct strbuf data;
+};
+
+#define WINDOW_INIT(w)	{ (w), STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT, STRBUF_INIT }
+
+static void window_release(struct window *ctx)
+{
+	strbuf_release(&ctx->out);
+	strbuf_release(&ctx->instructions);
+	strbuf_release(&ctx->data);
+}
+
+static int write_strbuf(struct strbuf *sb, FILE *out)
+{
+	if (fwrite(sb->buf, 1, sb->len, out) == sb->len)	/* Success. */
+		return 0;
+	return error("cannot write delta postimage: %s", strerror(errno));
+}
+
+static int error_short_read(struct line_buffer *input)
+{
+	if (buffer_ferror(input))
+		return error("error reading delta: %s", strerror(errno));
+	return error("invalid delta: unexpected end of file");
+}
+
+static int read_chunk(struct line_buffer *delta, off_t *delta_len,
+		      struct strbuf *buf, size_t len)
+{
+	assert(*delta_len >= 0);
+	strbuf_reset(buf);
+	if (len > (uintmax_t) *delta_len ||
+	    buffer_read_binary(delta, buf, len) != len)
+		return error_short_read(delta);
+	*delta_len -= buf->len;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_magic(struct line_buffer *in, off_t *len)
+{
+	static const char magic[] = {'S', 'V', 'N', '\0'};
+	struct strbuf sb = STRBUF_INIT;
+
+	if (read_chunk(in, len, &sb, sizeof(magic))) {
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (memcmp(sb.buf, magic, sizeof(magic))) {
+		strbuf_release(&sb);
+		return error("invalid delta: unrecognized file type");
+	}
+	strbuf_release(&sb);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_int(struct line_buffer *in, uintmax_t *result, off_t *len)
+{
+	uintmax_t rv = 0;
+	off_t sz;
+	for (sz = *len; sz; sz--) {
+		const int ch = buffer_read_char(in);
+		if (ch == EOF)
+			break;
+
+		rv <<= VLI_BITS_PER_DIGIT;
+		rv += (ch & VLI_DIGIT_MASK);
+		if (ch & VLI_CONTINUE)
+			continue;
+
+		*result = rv;
+		*len = sz - 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return error_short_read(in);
+}
+
+static int parse_int(const char **buf, size_t *result, const char *end)
+{
+	size_t rv = 0;
+	const char *pos;
+	for (pos = *buf; pos != end; pos++) {
+		unsigned char ch = *pos;
+
+		rv <<= VLI_BITS_PER_DIGIT;
+		rv += (ch & VLI_DIGIT_MASK);
+		if (ch & VLI_CONTINUE)
+			continue;
+
+		*result = rv;
+		*buf = pos + 1;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return error("invalid delta: unexpected end of instructions section");
+}
+
+static int read_offset(struct line_buffer *in, off_t *result, off_t *len)
+{
+	uintmax_t val;
+	if (read_int(in, &val, len))
+		return -1;
+	if (val > maximum_signed_value_of_type(off_t))
+		return error("unrepresentable offset in delta: %"PRIuMAX"", val);
+	*result = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int read_length(struct line_buffer *in, size_t *result, off_t *len)
+{
+	uintmax_t val;
+	if (read_int(in, &val, len))
+		return -1;
+	if (val > SIZE_MAX)
+		return error("unrepresentable length in delta: %"PRIuMAX"", val);
+	*result = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int copyfrom_source(struct window *ctx, const char **instructions,
+			   size_t nbytes, const char *insns_end)
+{
+	size_t offset;
+	if (parse_int(instructions, &offset, insns_end))
+		return -1;
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(offset, nbytes) ||
+	    offset + nbytes > ctx->in->width)
+		return error("invalid delta: copies source data outside view");
+	strbuf_add(&ctx->out, ctx->in->buf.buf + offset, nbytes);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int copyfrom_target(struct window *ctx, const char **instructions,
+			   size_t nbytes, const char *instructions_end)
+{
+	size_t offset;
+	if (parse_int(instructions, &offset, instructions_end))
+		return -1;
+	if (offset >= ctx->out.len)
+		return error("invalid delta: copies from the future");
+	for (; nbytes > 0; nbytes--)
+		strbuf_addch(&ctx->out, ctx->out.buf[offset++]);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int copyfrom_data(struct window *ctx, size_t *data_pos, size_t nbytes)
+{
+	const size_t pos = *data_pos;
+	if (unsigned_add_overflows(pos, nbytes) ||
+	    pos + nbytes > ctx->data.len)
+		return error("invalid delta: copies unavailable inline data");
+	strbuf_add(&ctx->out, ctx->data.buf + pos, nbytes);
+	*data_pos += nbytes;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int parse_first_operand(const char **buf, size_t *out, const char *end)
+{
+	size_t result = (unsigned char) *(*buf)++ & OPERAND_MASK;
+	if (result) {	/* immediate operand */
+		*out = result;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	return parse_int(buf, out, end);
+}
+
+static int execute_one_instruction(struct window *ctx,
+				const char **instructions, size_t *data_pos)
+{
+	unsigned int instruction;
+	const char *insns_end = ctx->instructions.buf + ctx->instructions.len;
+	size_t nbytes;
+	assert(ctx);
+	assert(instructions && *instructions);
+	assert(data_pos);
+
+	instruction = (unsigned char) **instructions;
+	if (parse_first_operand(instructions, &nbytes, insns_end))
+		return -1;
+	switch (instruction & INSN_MASK) {
+	case INSN_COPYFROM_SOURCE:
+		return copyfrom_source(ctx, instructions, nbytes, insns_end);
+	case INSN_COPYFROM_TARGET:
+		return copyfrom_target(ctx, instructions, nbytes, insns_end);
+	case INSN_COPYFROM_DATA:
+		return copyfrom_data(ctx, data_pos, nbytes);
+	default:
+		return error("invalid delta: unrecognized instruction");
+	}
+}
+
+static int apply_window_in_core(struct window *ctx)
+{
+	const char *instructions;
+	size_t data_pos = 0;
+
+	/*
+	 * Fill ctx->out.buf using data from the source, target,
+	 * and inline data views.
+	 */
+	for (instructions = ctx->instructions.buf;
+	     instructions != ctx->instructions.buf + ctx->instructions.len;
+	     )
+		if (execute_one_instruction(ctx, &instructions, &data_pos))
+			return -1;
+	if (data_pos != ctx->data.len)
+		return error("invalid delta: does not copy all inline data");
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int apply_one_window(struct line_buffer *delta, off_t *delta_len,
+			    struct sliding_view *preimage, FILE *out)
+{
+	int rv = -1;
+	struct window ctx = WINDOW_INIT(preimage);
+	size_t out_len;
+	size_t instructions_len;
+	size_t data_len;
+	assert(delta_len);
+
+	/* "source view" offset and length already handled; */
+	if (read_length(delta, &out_len, delta_len) ||
+	    read_length(delta, &instructions_len, delta_len) ||
+	    read_length(delta, &data_len, delta_len) ||
+	    read_chunk(delta, delta_len, &ctx.instructions, instructions_len) ||
+	    read_chunk(delta, delta_len, &ctx.data, data_len))
+		goto error_out;
+	strbuf_grow(&ctx.out, out_len);
+	if (apply_window_in_core(&ctx))
+		goto error_out;
+	if (ctx.out.len != out_len) {
+		rv = error("invalid delta: incorrect postimage length");
+		goto error_out;
+	}
+	if (write_strbuf(&ctx.out, out))
+		goto error_out;
+	rv = 0;
+error_out:
+	window_release(&ctx);
+	return rv;
+}
+
+int svndiff0_apply(struct line_buffer *delta, off_t delta_len,
+			struct sliding_view *preimage, FILE *postimage)
+{
+	assert(delta && preimage && postimage && delta_len >= 0);
+
+	if (read_magic(delta, &delta_len))
+		return -1;
+	while (delta_len) {	/* For each window: */
+		off_t pre_off = -1;
+		size_t pre_len;
+
+		if (read_offset(delta, &pre_off, &delta_len) ||
+		    read_length(delta, &pre_len, &delta_len) ||
+		    move_window(preimage, pre_off, pre_len) ||
+		    apply_one_window(delta, &delta_len, preimage, postimage))
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndiff.h b/vcs-svn/svndiff.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..74eb464
--- /dev/null
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndiff.h
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+#ifndef SVNDIFF_H_
+#define SVNDIFF_H_
+
+struct line_buffer;
+struct sliding_view;
+
+extern int svndiff0_apply(struct line_buffer *delta, off_t delta_len,
+		struct sliding_view *preimage, FILE *postimage);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndump.c b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
index bc79222..31d1d83 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndump.c
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndump.c
@@ -11,7 +11,6 @@
 #include "repo_tree.h"
 #include "fast_export.h"
 #include "line_buffer.h"
-#include "string_pool.h"
 #include "strbuf.h"
 #include "svndump.h"
 
@@ -21,31 +20,35 @@
  */
 #define constcmp(s, ref) memcmp(s, ref, sizeof(ref) - 1)
 
+#define REPORT_FILENO 3
+
 #define NODEACT_REPLACE 4
 #define NODEACT_DELETE 3
 #define NODEACT_ADD 2
 #define NODEACT_CHANGE 1
 #define NODEACT_UNKNOWN 0
 
-#define DUMP_CTX 0
-#define REV_CTX  1
-#define NODE_CTX 2
+/* States: */
+#define DUMP_CTX 0	/* dump metadata */
+#define REV_CTX  1	/* revision metadata */
+#define NODE_CTX 2	/* node metadata */
+#define INTERNODE_CTX 3	/* between nodes */
 
-#define LENGTH_UNKNOWN (~0)
 #define DATE_RFC2822_LEN 31
 
 static struct line_buffer input = LINE_BUFFER_INIT;
 
 static struct {
-	uint32_t action, propLength, textLength, srcRev, type;
-	uint32_t src[REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH], dst[REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH];
+	uint32_t action, srcRev, type;
+	off_t prop_length, text_length;
+	struct strbuf src, dst;
 	uint32_t text_delta, prop_delta;
 } node_ctx;
 
 static struct {
 	uint32_t revision;
 	unsigned long timestamp;
-	struct strbuf log, author;
+	struct strbuf log, author, note;
 } rev_ctx;
 
 static struct {
@@ -57,11 +60,13 @@
 {
 	node_ctx.type = 0;
 	node_ctx.action = NODEACT_UNKNOWN;
-	node_ctx.propLength = LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
-	node_ctx.textLength = LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
-	node_ctx.src[0] = ~0;
+	node_ctx.prop_length = -1;
+	node_ctx.text_length = -1;
+	strbuf_reset(&node_ctx.src);
 	node_ctx.srcRev = 0;
-	pool_tok_seq(REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH, node_ctx.dst, "/", fname);
+	strbuf_reset(&node_ctx.dst);
+	if (fname)
+		strbuf_addstr(&node_ctx.dst, fname);
 	node_ctx.text_delta = 0;
 	node_ctx.prop_delta = 0;
 }
@@ -72,6 +77,7 @@
 	rev_ctx.timestamp = 0;
 	strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.log);
 	strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.author);
+	strbuf_reset(&rev_ctx.note);
 }
 
 static void reset_dump_ctx(const char *url)
@@ -169,7 +175,7 @@
 		int ch;
 
 		if (!type || t[1] != ' ')
-			die("invalid property line: %s\n", t);
+			die("invalid property line: %s", t);
 		len = atoi(&t[2]);
 		strbuf_reset(&val);
 		buffer_read_binary(&input, &val, len);
@@ -195,35 +201,39 @@
 			strbuf_reset(&key);
 			continue;
 		default:
-			die("invalid property line: %s\n", t);
+			die("invalid property line: %s", t);
 		}
 	}
 }
 
 static void handle_node(void)
 {
-	uint32_t mark = 0;
 	const uint32_t type = node_ctx.type;
-	const int have_props = node_ctx.propLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
-	const int have_text = node_ctx.textLength != LENGTH_UNKNOWN;
+	const int have_props = node_ctx.prop_length != -1;
+	const int have_text = node_ctx.text_length != -1;
+	/*
+	 * Old text for this node:
+	 *  NULL	- directory or bug
+	 *  empty_blob	- empty
+	 *  "<dataref>"	- data retrievable from fast-import
+	 */
+	static const char *const empty_blob = "::empty::";
+	const char *old_data = NULL;
+	uint32_t old_mode = REPO_MODE_BLB;
 
-	if (node_ctx.text_delta)
-		die("text deltas not supported");
-	if (have_text)
-		mark = next_blob_mark();
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_DELETE) {
 		if (have_text || have_props || node_ctx.srcRev)
 			die("invalid dump: deletion node has "
 				"copyfrom info, text, or properties");
-		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst);
+		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		return;
 	}
 	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_REPLACE) {
-		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst);
+		repo_delete(node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		node_ctx.action = NODEACT_ADD;
 	}
 	if (node_ctx.srcRev) {
-		repo_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src, node_ctx.dst);
+		repo_copy(node_ctx.srcRev, node_ctx.src.buf, node_ctx.dst.buf);
 		if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD)
 			node_ctx.action = NODEACT_CHANGE;
 	}
@@ -231,23 +241,27 @@
 		die("invalid dump: directories cannot have text attached");
 
 	/*
-	 * Decide on the new content (mark) and mode (node_ctx.type).
+	 * Find old content (old_data) and decide on the new mode.
 	 */
-	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE && !~*node_ctx.dst) {
+	if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE && !*node_ctx.dst.buf) {
 		if (type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
 			die("invalid dump: root of tree is not a regular file");
+		old_data = NULL;
 	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_CHANGE) {
 		uint32_t mode;
-		if (!have_text)
-			mark = repo_read_path(node_ctx.dst);
-		mode = repo_read_mode(node_ctx.dst);
+		old_data = repo_read_path(node_ctx.dst.buf, &mode);
 		if (mode == REPO_MODE_DIR && type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
 			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a directory into a file");
 		if (mode != REPO_MODE_DIR && type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
 			die("invalid dump: cannot modify a file into a directory");
 		node_ctx.type = mode;
+		old_mode = mode;
 	} else if (node_ctx.action == NODEACT_ADD) {
-		if (!have_text && type != REPO_MODE_DIR)
+		if (type == REPO_MODE_DIR)
+			old_data = NULL;
+		else if (have_text)
+			old_data = empty_blob;
+		else
 			die("invalid dump: adds node without text");
 	} else {
 		die("invalid dump: Node-path block lacks Node-action");
@@ -259,28 +273,56 @@
 	if (have_props) {
 		if (!node_ctx.prop_delta)
 			node_ctx.type = type;
-		if (node_ctx.propLength)
+		if (node_ctx.prop_length)
 			read_props();
 	}
 
 	/*
 	 * Save the result.
 	 */
-	repo_add(node_ctx.dst, node_ctx.type, mark);
-	if (have_text)
-		fast_export_blob(node_ctx.type, mark,
-				 node_ctx.textLength, &input);
+	if (type == REPO_MODE_DIR)	/* directories are not tracked. */
+		return;
+	assert(old_data);
+	if (old_data == empty_blob)
+		/* For the fast_export_* functions, NULL means empty. */
+		old_data = NULL;
+	if (!have_text) {
+		fast_export_modify(node_ctx.dst.buf, node_ctx.type, old_data);
+		return;
+	}
+	if (!node_ctx.text_delta) {
+		fast_export_modify(node_ctx.dst.buf, node_ctx.type, "inline");
+		fast_export_data(node_ctx.type, node_ctx.text_length, &input);
+		return;
+	}
+	fast_export_modify(node_ctx.dst.buf, node_ctx.type, "inline");
+	fast_export_blob_delta(node_ctx.type, old_mode, old_data,
+				node_ctx.text_length, &input);
 }
 
-static void handle_revision(void)
+static void begin_revision(const char *remote_ref)
 {
-	if (rev_ctx.revision)
-		repo_commit(rev_ctx.revision, rev_ctx.author.buf,
-			&rev_ctx.log, dump_ctx.uuid.buf, dump_ctx.url.buf,
-			rev_ctx.timestamp);
+	if (!rev_ctx.revision)	/* revision 0 gets no git commit. */
+		return;
+	fast_export_begin_commit(rev_ctx.revision, rev_ctx.author.buf,
+		&rev_ctx.log, dump_ctx.uuid.buf, dump_ctx.url.buf,
+		rev_ctx.timestamp, remote_ref);
 }
 
-void svndump_read(const char *url)
+static void end_revision(const char *note_ref)
+{
+	struct strbuf mark = STRBUF_INIT;
+	if (rev_ctx.revision) {
+		fast_export_end_commit(rev_ctx.revision);
+		fast_export_begin_note(rev_ctx.revision, "remote-svn",
+				"Note created by remote-svn.", rev_ctx.timestamp, note_ref);
+		strbuf_addf(&mark, ":%"PRIu32, rev_ctx.revision);
+		fast_export_note(mark.buf, "inline");
+		fast_export_buf_to_data(&rev_ctx.note);
+	}
+}
+
+void svndump_read(const char *url, const char *local_ref, const char *notes_ref)
 {
 	char *val;
 	char *t;
@@ -318,23 +360,30 @@
 				continue;
 			if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
 				handle_node();
+			if (active_ctx == REV_CTX)
+				begin_revision(local_ref);
 			if (active_ctx != DUMP_CTX)
-				handle_revision();
+				end_revision(notes_ref);
 			active_ctx = REV_CTX;
 			reset_rev_ctx(atoi(val));
+			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			break;
 		case sizeof("Node-path"):
-			if (prefixcmp(t, "Node-"))
+			if (constcmp(t, "Node-"))
 				continue;
 			if (!constcmp(t + strlen("Node-"), "path")) {
 				if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
 					handle_node();
+				if (active_ctx == REV_CTX)
+					begin_revision(local_ref);
 				active_ctx = NODE_CTX;
 				reset_node_ctx(val);
+				strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 				break;
 			}
 			if (constcmp(t + strlen("Node-"), "kind"))
 				continue;
+			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			if (!strcmp(val, "dir"))
 				node_ctx.type = REPO_MODE_DIR;
 			else if (!strcmp(val, "file"))
@@ -345,6 +394,7 @@
 		case sizeof("Node-action"):
 			if (constcmp(t, "Node-action"))
 				continue;
+			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			if (!strcmp(val, "delete")) {
 				node_ctx.action = NODEACT_DELETE;
 			} else if (!strcmp(val, "add")) {
@@ -361,22 +411,37 @@
 		case sizeof("Node-copyfrom-path"):
 			if (constcmp(t, "Node-copyfrom-path"))
 				continue;
-			pool_tok_seq(REPO_MAX_PATH_DEPTH, node_ctx.src, "/", val);
+			strbuf_reset(&node_ctx.src);
+			strbuf_addstr(&node_ctx.src, val);
+			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			break;
 		case sizeof("Node-copyfrom-rev"):
 			if (constcmp(t, "Node-copyfrom-rev"))
 				continue;
 			node_ctx.srcRev = atoi(val);
+			strbuf_addf(&rev_ctx.note, "%s\n", t);
 			break;
 		case sizeof("Text-content-length"):
-			if (!constcmp(t, "Text-content-length")) {
-				node_ctx.textLength = atoi(val);
+			if (constcmp(t, "Text") && constcmp(t, "Prop"))
+				continue;
+			if (constcmp(t + 4, "-content-length"))
+				continue;
+			{
+				char *end;
+				uintmax_t len;
+
+				len = strtoumax(val, &end, 10);
+				if (!isdigit(*val) || *end)
+					die("invalid dump: non-numeric length %s", val);
+				if (len > maximum_signed_value_of_type(off_t))
+					die("unrepresentable length in dump: %s", val);
+
+				if (*t == 'T')
+					node_ctx.text_length = (off_t) len;
+				else
+					node_ctx.prop_length = (off_t) len;
 				break;
 			}
-			if (constcmp(t, "Prop-content-length"))
-				continue;
-			node_ctx.propLength = atoi(val);
-			break;
 		case sizeof("Text-delta"):
 			if (!constcmp(t, "Text-delta")) {
 				node_ctx.text_delta = !strcmp(val, "true");
@@ -399,7 +464,7 @@
 				read_props();
 			} else if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX) {
 				handle_node();
-				active_ctx = REV_CTX;
+				active_ctx = INTERNODE_CTX;
 			} else {
 				fprintf(stderr, "Unexpected content length header: %"PRIu32"\n", len);
 				if (buffer_skip_bytes(&input, len) != len)
@@ -411,32 +476,55 @@
 		die_short_read();
 	if (active_ctx == NODE_CTX)
 		handle_node();
+	if (active_ctx == REV_CTX)
+		begin_revision(local_ref);
 	if (active_ctx != DUMP_CTX)
-		handle_revision();
+		end_revision(notes_ref);
+}
+
+static void init(int report_fd)
+{
+	fast_export_init(report_fd);
+	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.uuid, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.url, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.log, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.author, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.note, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&node_ctx.src, 4096);
+	strbuf_init(&node_ctx.dst, 4096);
+	reset_dump_ctx(NULL);
+	reset_rev_ctx(0);
+	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
+	return;
 }
 
 int svndump_init(const char *filename)
 {
 	if (buffer_init(&input, filename))
-		return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename, strerror(errno));
-	repo_init();
-	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.uuid, 4096);
-	strbuf_init(&dump_ctx.url, 4096);
-	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.log, 4096);
-	strbuf_init(&rev_ctx.author, 4096);
-	reset_dump_ctx(NULL);
-	reset_rev_ctx(0);
-	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
+		return error("cannot open %s: %s", filename ? filename : "NULL", strerror(errno));
+	init(REPORT_FILENO);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int svndump_init_fd(int in_fd, int back_fd)
+{
+	if(buffer_fdinit(&input, xdup(in_fd)))
+		return error("cannot open fd %d: %s", in_fd, strerror(errno));
+	init(xdup(back_fd));
 	return 0;
 }
 
 void svndump_deinit(void)
 {
-	repo_reset();
+	fast_export_deinit();
 	reset_dump_ctx(NULL);
 	reset_rev_ctx(0);
 	reset_node_ctx(NULL);
 	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.log);
+	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.author);
+	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.note);
+	strbuf_release(&node_ctx.src);
+	strbuf_release(&node_ctx.dst);
 	if (buffer_deinit(&input))
 		fprintf(stderr, "Input error\n");
 	if (ferror(stdout))
@@ -445,8 +533,6 @@
 
 void svndump_reset(void)
 {
-	buffer_reset(&input);
-	repo_reset();
 	strbuf_release(&dump_ctx.uuid);
 	strbuf_release(&dump_ctx.url);
 	strbuf_release(&rev_ctx.log);
diff --git a/vcs-svn/svndump.h b/vcs-svn/svndump.h
index df9ceb0..b8eb129 100644
--- a/vcs-svn/svndump.h
+++ b/vcs-svn/svndump.h
@@ -2,7 +2,8 @@
 #define SVNDUMP_H_
 
 int svndump_init(const char *filename);
-void svndump_read(const char *url);
+int svndump_init_fd(int in_fd, int back_fd);
+void svndump_read(const char *url, const char *local_ref, const char *notes_ref);
 void svndump_deinit(void);
 void svndump_reset(void);
 
diff --git a/vcs-svn/trp.h b/vcs-svn/trp.h
deleted file mode 100644
index c32b918..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/trp.h
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,237 +0,0 @@
-/*
- * C macro implementation of treaps.
- *
- * Usage:
- *   #include <stdint.h>
- *   #include "trp.h"
- *   trp_gen(...)
- *
- * Licensed under a two-clause BSD-style license.
- * See LICENSE for details.
- */
-
-#ifndef TRP_H_
-#define TRP_H_
-
-#define MAYBE_UNUSED __attribute__((__unused__))
-
-/* Node structure. */
-struct trp_node {
-	uint32_t trpn_left;
-	uint32_t trpn_right;
-};
-
-/* Root structure. */
-struct trp_root {
-	uint32_t trp_root;
-};
-
-/* Pointer/Offset conversion. */
-#define trpn_pointer(a_base, a_offset) (a_base##_pointer(a_offset))
-#define trpn_offset(a_base, a_pointer) (a_base##_offset(a_pointer))
-#define trpn_modify(a_base, a_offset) \
-	do { \
-		if ((a_offset) < a_base##_pool.committed) { \
-			uint32_t old_offset = (a_offset);\
-			(a_offset) = a_base##_alloc(1); \
-			*trpn_pointer(a_base, a_offset) = \
-				*trpn_pointer(a_base, old_offset); \
-		} \
-	} while (0)
-
-/* Left accessors. */
-#define trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, a_node) \
-	(trpn_pointer(a_base, a_node)->a_field.trpn_left)
-#define trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, a_node, a_left) \
-	do { \
-		trpn_modify(a_base, a_node); \
-		trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, a_node) = (a_left); \
-	} while (0)
-
-/* Right accessors. */
-#define trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, a_node) \
-	(trpn_pointer(a_base, a_node)->a_field.trpn_right)
-#define trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, a_node, a_right) \
-	do { \
-		trpn_modify(a_base, a_node); \
-		trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, a_node) = (a_right); \
-	} while (0)
-
-/*
- * Fibonacci hash function.
- * The multiplier is the nearest prime to (2^32 times (√5 - 1)/2).
- * See Knuth §6.4: volume 3, 3rd ed, p518.
- */
-#define trpn_hash(a_node) (uint32_t) (2654435761u * (a_node))
-
-/* Priority accessors. */
-#define trp_prio_get(a_node) trpn_hash(a_node)
-
-/* Node initializer. */
-#define trp_node_new(a_base, a_field, a_node) \
-	do { \
-		trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, (a_node), ~0); \
-		trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, (a_node), ~0); \
-	} while (0)
-
-/* Internal utility macros. */
-#define trpn_first(a_base, a_field, a_root, r_node) \
-	do { \
-		(r_node) = (a_root); \
-		if ((r_node) == ~0) \
-			return NULL; \
-		while (~trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, (r_node))) \
-			(r_node) = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, (r_node)); \
-	} while (0)
-
-#define trpn_rotate_left(a_base, a_field, a_node, r_node) \
-	do { \
-		(r_node) = trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, (a_node)); \
-		trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, (a_node), \
-			trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, (r_node))); \
-		trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, (r_node), (a_node)); \
-	} while (0)
-
-#define trpn_rotate_right(a_base, a_field, a_node, r_node) \
-	do { \
-		(r_node) = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, (a_node)); \
-		trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, (a_node), \
-			trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, (r_node))); \
-		trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, (r_node), (a_node)); \
-	} while (0)
-
-#define trp_gen(a_attr, a_pre, a_type, a_field, a_base, a_cmp) \
-a_attr a_type MAYBE_UNUSED *a_pre##first(struct trp_root *treap) \
-{ \
-	uint32_t ret; \
-	trpn_first(a_base, a_field, treap->trp_root, ret); \
-	return trpn_pointer(a_base, ret); \
-} \
-a_attr a_type MAYBE_UNUSED *a_pre##next(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *node) \
-{ \
-	uint32_t ret; \
-	uint32_t offset = trpn_offset(a_base, node); \
-	if (~trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, offset)) { \
-		trpn_first(a_base, a_field, \
-			trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, offset), ret); \
-	} else { \
-		uint32_t tnode = treap->trp_root; \
-		ret = ~0; \
-		while (1) { \
-			int cmp = (a_cmp)(trpn_pointer(a_base, offset), \
-				trpn_pointer(a_base, tnode)); \
-			if (cmp < 0) { \
-				ret = tnode; \
-				tnode = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, tnode); \
-			} else if (cmp > 0) { \
-				tnode = trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, tnode); \
-			} else { \
-				break; \
-			} \
-		} \
-	} \
-	return trpn_pointer(a_base, ret); \
-} \
-a_attr a_type MAYBE_UNUSED *a_pre##search(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *key) \
-{ \
-	int cmp; \
-	uint32_t ret = treap->trp_root; \
-	while (~ret && (cmp = (a_cmp)(key, trpn_pointer(a_base, ret)))) { \
-		if (cmp < 0) { \
-			ret = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, ret); \
-		} else { \
-			ret = trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, ret); \
-		} \
-	} \
-	return trpn_pointer(a_base, ret); \
-} \
-a_attr a_type MAYBE_UNUSED *a_pre##nsearch(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *key) \
-{ \
-	int cmp; \
-	uint32_t ret = treap->trp_root; \
-	while (~ret && (cmp = (a_cmp)(key, trpn_pointer(a_base, ret)))) { \
-		if (cmp < 0) { \
-			if (!~trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, ret)) \
-				break; \
-			ret = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, ret); \
-		} else { \
-			ret = trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, ret); \
-		} \
-	} \
-	return trpn_pointer(a_base, ret); \
-} \
-a_attr uint32_t MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##insert_recurse(uint32_t cur_node, uint32_t ins_node) \
-{ \
-	if (cur_node == ~0) { \
-		return ins_node; \
-	} else { \
-		uint32_t ret; \
-		int cmp = (a_cmp)(trpn_pointer(a_base, ins_node), \
-					trpn_pointer(a_base, cur_node)); \
-		if (cmp < 0) { \
-			uint32_t left = a_pre##insert_recurse( \
-				trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node), ins_node); \
-			trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, cur_node, left); \
-			if (trp_prio_get(left) < trp_prio_get(cur_node)) \
-				trpn_rotate_right(a_base, a_field, cur_node, ret); \
-			else \
-				ret = cur_node; \
-		} else { \
-			uint32_t right = a_pre##insert_recurse( \
-				trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node), ins_node); \
-			trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, cur_node, right); \
-			if (trp_prio_get(right) < trp_prio_get(cur_node)) \
-				trpn_rotate_left(a_base, a_field, cur_node, ret); \
-			else \
-				ret = cur_node; \
-		} \
-		return ret; \
-	} \
-} \
-a_attr a_type *MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##insert(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *node) \
-{ \
-	uint32_t offset = trpn_offset(a_base, node); \
-	trp_node_new(a_base, a_field, offset); \
-	treap->trp_root = a_pre##insert_recurse(treap->trp_root, offset); \
-	return trpn_pointer(a_base, offset); \
-} \
-a_attr uint32_t MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##remove_recurse(uint32_t cur_node, uint32_t rem_node) \
-{ \
-	int cmp = a_cmp(trpn_pointer(a_base, rem_node), \
-			trpn_pointer(a_base, cur_node)); \
-	if (cmp == 0) { \
-		uint32_t ret; \
-		uint32_t left = trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node); \
-		uint32_t right = trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node); \
-		if (left == ~0) { \
-			if (right == ~0) \
-				return ~0; \
-		} else if (right == ~0 || trp_prio_get(left) < trp_prio_get(right)) { \
-			trpn_rotate_right(a_base, a_field, cur_node, ret); \
-			right = a_pre##remove_recurse(cur_node, rem_node); \
-			trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, ret, right); \
-			return ret; \
-		} \
-		trpn_rotate_left(a_base, a_field, cur_node, ret); \
-		left = a_pre##remove_recurse(cur_node, rem_node); \
-		trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, ret, left); \
-		return ret; \
-	} else if (cmp < 0) { \
-		uint32_t left = a_pre##remove_recurse( \
-			trp_left_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node), rem_node); \
-		trp_left_set(a_base, a_field, cur_node, left); \
-		return cur_node; \
-	} else { \
-		uint32_t right = a_pre##remove_recurse( \
-			trp_right_get(a_base, a_field, cur_node), rem_node); \
-		trp_right_set(a_base, a_field, cur_node, right); \
-		return cur_node; \
-	} \
-} \
-a_attr void MAYBE_UNUSED a_pre##remove(struct trp_root *treap, a_type *node) \
-{ \
-	treap->trp_root = a_pre##remove_recurse(treap->trp_root, \
-		trpn_offset(a_base, node)); \
-} \
-
-#endif
diff --git a/vcs-svn/trp.txt b/vcs-svn/trp.txt
deleted file mode 100644
index 177ebca..0000000
--- a/vcs-svn/trp.txt
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,109 +0,0 @@
-Motivation
-==========
-
-Treaps provide a memory-efficient binary search tree structure.
-Insertion/deletion/search are about as about as fast in the average
-case as red-black trees and the chances of worst-case behavior are
-vanishingly small, thanks to (pseudo-)randomness.  The bad worst-case
-behavior is a small price to pay, given that treaps are much simpler
-to implement.
-
-API
-===
-
-The trp API generates a data structure and functions to handle a
-large growing set of objects stored in a pool.
-
-The caller:
-
-. Specifies parameters for the generated functions with the
-  trp_gen(static, foo_, ...) macro.
-
-. Allocates a `struct trp_root` variable and sets it to {~0}.
-
-. Adds new nodes to the set using `foo_insert`.  Any pointers
-  to existing nodes cannot be relied upon any more, so the caller
-  might retrieve them anew with `foo_pointer`.
-
-. Can find a specific item in the set using `foo_search`.
-
-. Can iterate over items in the set using `foo_first` and `foo_next`.
-
-. Can remove an item from the set using `foo_remove`.
-
-Example:
-
-----
-struct ex_node {
-	const char *s;
-	struct trp_node ex_link;
-};
-static struct trp_root ex_base = {~0};
-obj_pool_gen(ex, struct ex_node, 4096);
-trp_gen(static, ex_, struct ex_node, ex_link, ex, strcmp)
-struct ex_node *item;
-
-item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
-item->s = "hello";
-ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
-item = ex_pointer(ex_alloc(1));
-item->s = "goodbye";
-ex_insert(&ex_base, item);
-for (item = ex_first(&ex_base); item; item = ex_next(&ex_base, item))
-	printf("%s\n", item->s);
-----
-
-Functions
----------
-
-trp_gen(attr, foo_, node_type, link_field, pool, cmp)::
-
-	Generate a type-specific treap implementation.
-+
-. The storage class for generated functions will be 'attr' (e.g., `static`).
-. Generated function names are prefixed with 'foo_' (e.g., `treap_`).
-. Treap nodes will be of type 'node_type' (e.g., `struct treap_node`).
-  This type must be a struct with at least one `struct trp_node` field
-  to point to its children.
-. The field used to access child nodes will be 'link_field'.
-. All treap nodes must lie in the 'pool' object pool.
-. Treap nodes must be totally ordered by the 'cmp' relation, with the
-  following prototype:
-+
-int (*cmp)(node_type \*a, node_type \*b)
-+
-and returning a value less than, equal to, or greater than zero
-according to the result of comparison.
-
-node_type {asterisk}foo_insert(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
-
-	Insert node into treap.  If inserted multiple times,
-	a node will appear in the treap multiple times.
-+
-The return value is the address of the node within the treap,
-which might differ from `node` if `pool_alloc` had to call
-`realloc` to expand the pool.
-
-void foo_remove(struct trp_root *treap, node_type \*node)::
-
-	Remove node from treap.  Caller must ensure node is
-	present in treap before using this function.
-
-node_type *foo_search(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
-
-	Search for a node that matches key.  If no match is found,
-	result is NULL.
-
-node_type *foo_nsearch(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*key)::
-
-	Like `foo_search`, but if the key is missing return what
-	would be key's successor, were key in treap (NULL if no
-	successor).
-
-node_type *foo_first(struct trp_root \*treap)::
-
-	Find the first item from the treap, in sorted order.
-
-node_type *foo_next(struct trp_root \*treap, node_type \*node)::
-
-	Find the next item.
diff --git a/version.c b/version.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6106a80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/version.c
@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+#include "git-compat-util.h"
+#include "version.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
+
+const char git_version_string[] = GIT_VERSION;
+
+const char *git_user_agent(void)
+{
+	static const char *agent = NULL;
+
+	if (!agent) {
+		agent = getenv("GIT_USER_AGENT");
+		if (!agent)
+			agent = GIT_USER_AGENT;
+	}
+
+	return agent;
+}
+
+const char *git_user_agent_sanitized(void)
+{
+	static const char *agent = NULL;
+
+	if (!agent) {
+		struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+		int i;
+
+		strbuf_addstr(&buf, git_user_agent());
+		strbuf_trim(&buf);
+		for (i = 0; i < buf.len; i++) {
+			if (buf.buf[i] <= 32 || buf.buf[i] >= 127)
+				buf.buf[i] = '.';
+		}
+		agent = buf.buf;
+	}
+
+	return agent;
+}
diff --git a/version.h b/version.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6911a4f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/version.h
@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+#ifndef VERSION_H
+#define VERSION_H
+
+extern const char git_version_string[];
+
+const char *git_user_agent(void);
+const char *git_user_agent_sanitized(void);
+
+#endif /* VERSION_H */
diff --git a/wildmatch.c b/wildmatch.c
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7192bdc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wildmatch.c
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+/*
+**  Do shell-style pattern matching for ?, \, [], and * characters.
+**  It is 8bit clean.
+**
+**  Written by Rich $alz, mirror!rs, Wed Nov 26 19:03:17 EST 1986.
+**  Rich $alz is now <rsalz@bbn.com>.
+**
+**  Modified by Wayne Davison to special-case '/' matching, to make '**'
+**  work differently than '*', and to fix the character-class code.
+*/
+
+#include "cache.h"
+#include "wildmatch.h"
+
+typedef unsigned char uchar;
+
+/* What character marks an inverted character class? */
+#define NEGATE_CLASS	'!'
+#define NEGATE_CLASS2	'^'
+
+#define CC_EQ(class, len, litmatch) ((len) == sizeof (litmatch)-1 \
+				    && *(class) == *(litmatch) \
+				    && strncmp((char*)class, litmatch, len) == 0)
+
+#if defined STDC_HEADERS || !defined isascii
+# define ISASCII(c) 1
+#else
+# define ISASCII(c) isascii(c)
+#endif
+
+#ifdef isblank
+# define ISBLANK(c) (ISASCII(c) && isblank(c))
+#else
+# define ISBLANK(c) ((c) == ' ' || (c) == '\t')
+#endif
+
+#ifdef isgraph
+# define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII(c) && isgraph(c))
+#else
+# define ISGRAPH(c) (ISASCII(c) && isprint(c) && !isspace(c))
+#endif
+
+#define ISPRINT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isprint(c))
+#define ISDIGIT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isdigit(c))
+#define ISALNUM(c) (ISASCII(c) && isalnum(c))
+#define ISALPHA(c) (ISASCII(c) && isalpha(c))
+#define ISCNTRL(c) (ISASCII(c) && iscntrl(c))
+#define ISLOWER(c) (ISASCII(c) && islower(c))
+#define ISPUNCT(c) (ISASCII(c) && ispunct(c))
+#define ISSPACE(c) (ISASCII(c) && isspace(c))
+#define ISUPPER(c) (ISASCII(c) && isupper(c))
+#define ISXDIGIT(c) (ISASCII(c) && isxdigit(c))
+
+/* Match pattern "p" against "text" */
+static int dowild(const uchar *p, const uchar *text, unsigned int flags)
+{
+	uchar p_ch;
+	const uchar *pattern = p;
+
+	for ( ; (p_ch = *p) != '\0'; text++, p++) {
+		int matched, match_slash, negated;
+		uchar t_ch, prev_ch;
+		if ((t_ch = *text) == '\0' && p_ch != '*')
+			return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+		if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(t_ch))
+			t_ch = tolower(t_ch);
+		if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(p_ch))
+			p_ch = tolower(p_ch);
+		switch (p_ch) {
+		case '\\':
+			/* Literal match with following character.  Note that the test
+			 * in "default" handles the p[1] == '\0' failure case. */
+			p_ch = *++p;
+			/* FALLTHROUGH */
+		default:
+			if (t_ch != p_ch)
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		case '?':
+			/* Match anything but '/'. */
+			if ((flags & WM_PATHNAME) && t_ch == '/')
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		case '*':
+			if (*++p == '*') {
+				const uchar *prev_p = p - 2;
+				while (*++p == '*') {}
+				if (!(flags & WM_PATHNAME))
+					/* without WM_PATHNAME, '*' == '**' */
+					match_slash = 1;
+				else if ((prev_p < pattern || *prev_p == '/') &&
+				    (*p == '\0' || *p == '/' ||
+				     (p[0] == '\\' && p[1] == '/'))) {
+					/*
+					 * Assuming we already match 'foo/' and are at
+					 * <star star slash>, just assume it matches
+					 * nothing and go ahead match the rest of the
+					 * pattern with the remaining string. This
+					 * helps make foo/<*><*>/bar (<> because
+					 * otherwise it breaks C comment syntax) match
+					 * both foo/bar and foo/a/bar.
+					 */
+					if (p[0] == '/' &&
+					    dowild(p + 1, text, flags) == WM_MATCH)
+						return WM_MATCH;
+					match_slash = 1;
+				} else
+					return WM_ABORT_MALFORMED;
+			} else
+				/* without WM_PATHNAME, '*' == '**' */
+				match_slash = flags & WM_PATHNAME ? 0 : 1;
+			if (*p == '\0') {
+				/* Trailing "**" matches everything.  Trailing "*" matches
+				 * only if there are no more slash characters. */
+				if (!match_slash) {
+					if (strchr((char*)text, '/') != NULL)
+						return WM_NOMATCH;
+				}
+				return WM_MATCH;
+			} else if (!match_slash && *p == '/') {
+				/*
+				 * _one_ asterisk followed by a slash
+				 * with WM_PATHNAME matches the next
+				 * directory
+				 */
+				const char *slash = strchr((char*)text, '/');
+				if (!slash)
+					return WM_NOMATCH;
+				text = (const uchar*)slash;
+				/* the slash is consumed by the top-level for loop */
+				break;
+			}
+			while (1) {
+				if (t_ch == '\0')
+					break;
+				/*
+				 * Try to advance faster when an asterisk is
+				 * followed by a literal. We know in this case
+				 * that the the string before the literal
+				 * must belong to "*".
+				 * If match_slash is false, do not look past
+				 * the first slash as it cannot belong to '*'.
+				 */
+				if (!is_glob_special(*p)) {
+					p_ch = *p;
+					if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(p_ch))
+						p_ch = tolower(p_ch);
+					while ((t_ch = *text) != '\0' &&
+					       (match_slash || t_ch != '/')) {
+						if ((flags & WM_CASEFOLD) && ISUPPER(t_ch))
+							t_ch = tolower(t_ch);
+						if (t_ch == p_ch)
+							break;
+						text++;
+					}
+					if (t_ch != p_ch)
+						return WM_NOMATCH;
+				}
+				if ((matched = dowild(p, text, flags)) != WM_NOMATCH) {
+					if (!match_slash || matched != WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR)
+						return matched;
+				} else if (!match_slash && t_ch == '/')
+					return WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR;
+				t_ch = *++text;
+			}
+			return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+		case '[':
+			p_ch = *++p;
+#ifdef NEGATE_CLASS2
+			if (p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS2)
+				p_ch = NEGATE_CLASS;
+#endif
+			/* Assign literal 1/0 because of "matched" comparison. */
+			negated = p_ch == NEGATE_CLASS ? 1 : 0;
+			if (negated) {
+				/* Inverted character class. */
+				p_ch = *++p;
+			}
+			prev_ch = 0;
+			matched = 0;
+			do {
+				if (!p_ch)
+					return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+				if (p_ch == '\\') {
+					p_ch = *++p;
+					if (!p_ch)
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					if (t_ch == p_ch)
+						matched = 1;
+				} else if (p_ch == '-' && prev_ch && p[1] && p[1] != ']') {
+					p_ch = *++p;
+					if (p_ch == '\\') {
+						p_ch = *++p;
+						if (!p_ch)
+							return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					}
+					if (t_ch <= p_ch && t_ch >= prev_ch)
+						matched = 1;
+					p_ch = 0; /* This makes "prev_ch" get set to 0. */
+				} else if (p_ch == '[' && p[1] == ':') {
+					const uchar *s;
+					int i;
+					for (s = p += 2; (p_ch = *p) && p_ch != ']'; p++) {} /*SHARED ITERATOR*/
+					if (!p_ch)
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					i = p - s - 1;
+					if (i < 0 || p[-1] != ':') {
+						/* Didn't find ":]", so treat like a normal set. */
+						p = s - 2;
+						p_ch = '[';
+						if (t_ch == p_ch)
+							matched = 1;
+						continue;
+					}
+					if (CC_EQ(s,i, "alnum")) {
+						if (ISALNUM(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "alpha")) {
+						if (ISALPHA(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "blank")) {
+						if (ISBLANK(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "cntrl")) {
+						if (ISCNTRL(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "digit")) {
+						if (ISDIGIT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "graph")) {
+						if (ISGRAPH(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "lower")) {
+						if (ISLOWER(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "print")) {
+						if (ISPRINT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "punct")) {
+						if (ISPUNCT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "space")) {
+						if (ISSPACE(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "upper")) {
+						if (ISUPPER(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else if (CC_EQ(s,i, "xdigit")) {
+						if (ISXDIGIT(t_ch))
+							matched = 1;
+					} else /* malformed [:class:] string */
+						return WM_ABORT_ALL;
+					p_ch = 0; /* This makes "prev_ch" get set to 0. */
+				} else if (t_ch == p_ch)
+					matched = 1;
+			} while (prev_ch = p_ch, (p_ch = *++p) != ']');
+			if (matched == negated ||
+			    ((flags & WM_PATHNAME) && t_ch == '/'))
+				return WM_NOMATCH;
+			continue;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return *text ? WM_NOMATCH : WM_MATCH;
+}
+
+/* Match the "pattern" against the "text" string. */
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
+	      unsigned int flags, struct wildopts *wo)
+{
+	return dowild((const uchar*)pattern, (const uchar*)text, flags);
+}
diff --git a/wildmatch.h b/wildmatch.h
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..4090c8f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/wildmatch.h
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#ifndef WILDMATCH_H
+#define WILDMATCH_H
+
+#define WM_CASEFOLD 1
+#define WM_PATHNAME 2
+
+#define WM_ABORT_MALFORMED 2
+#define WM_NOMATCH 1
+#define WM_MATCH 0
+#define WM_ABORT_ALL -1
+#define WM_ABORT_TO_STARSTAR -2
+
+struct wildopts;
+
+int wildmatch(const char *pattern, const char *text,
+	      unsigned int flags,
+	      struct wildopts *wo);
+#endif
diff --git a/wrap-for-bin.sh b/wrap-for-bin.sh
index 09feb1f..53a8dd0 100644
--- a/wrap-for-bin.sh
+++ b/wrap-for-bin.sh
@@ -15,7 +15,8 @@
 	export GIT_TEMPLATE_DIR
 fi
 GITPERLLIB='@@BUILD_DIR@@/perl/blib/lib'
+GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR='@@BUILD_DIR@@/po/build/locale'
 PATH='@@BUILD_DIR@@/bin-wrappers:'"$PATH"
-export GIT_EXEC_PATH GITPERLLIB PATH
+export GIT_EXEC_PATH GITPERLLIB PATH GIT_TEXTDOMAINDIR
 
 exec "${GIT_EXEC_PATH}/@@PROG@@" "$@"
diff --git a/wrapper.c b/wrapper.c
index 85f09df..bac59d2 100644
--- a/wrapper.c
+++ b/wrapper.c
@@ -9,6 +9,18 @@
 
 static void (*try_to_free_routine)(size_t size) = do_nothing;
 
+static void memory_limit_check(size_t size)
+{
+	static int limit = -1;
+	if (limit == -1) {
+		const char *env = getenv("GIT_ALLOC_LIMIT");
+		limit = env ? atoi(env) * 1024 : 0;
+	}
+	if (limit && size > limit)
+		die("attempting to allocate %"PRIuMAX" over limit %d",
+		    (intmax_t)size, limit);
+}
+
 try_to_free_t set_try_to_free_routine(try_to_free_t routine)
 {
 	try_to_free_t old = try_to_free_routine;
@@ -32,7 +44,10 @@
 
 void *xmalloc(size_t size)
 {
-	void *ret = malloc(size);
+	void *ret;
+
+	memory_limit_check(size);
+	ret = malloc(size);
 	if (!ret && !size)
 		ret = malloc(1);
 	if (!ret) {
@@ -79,7 +94,10 @@
 
 void *xrealloc(void *ptr, size_t size)
 {
-	void *ret = realloc(ptr, size);
+	void *ret;
+
+	memory_limit_check(size);
+	ret = realloc(ptr, size);
 	if (!ret && !size)
 		ret = realloc(ptr, 1);
 	if (!ret) {
@@ -95,7 +113,10 @@
 
 void *xcalloc(size_t nmemb, size_t size)
 {
-	void *ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
+	void *ret;
+
+	memory_limit_check(size * nmemb);
+	ret = calloc(nmemb, size);
 	if (!ret && (!nmemb || !size))
 		ret = calloc(1, 1);
 	if (!ret) {
@@ -208,7 +229,7 @@
 		int saved_errno = errno;
 		const char *nonrelative_template;
 
-		if (!template[0])
+		if (strlen(template) != strlen(origtemplate))
 			template = origtemplate;
 
 		nonrelative_template = absolute_path(template);
@@ -381,3 +402,36 @@
 {
 	return S_ISGITLINK(mode) ? rmdir_or_warn(file) : unlink_or_warn(file);
 }
+
+void warn_on_inaccessible(const char *path)
+{
+	warning(_("unable to access '%s': %s"), path, strerror(errno));
+}
+
+int access_or_warn(const char *path, int mode)
+{
+	int ret = access(path, mode);
+	if (ret && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+		warn_on_inaccessible(path);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+int access_or_die(const char *path, int mode)
+{
+	int ret = access(path, mode);
+	if (ret && errno != ENOENT && errno != ENOTDIR)
+		die_errno(_("unable to access '%s'"), path);
+	return ret;
+}
+
+struct passwd *xgetpwuid_self(void)
+{
+	struct passwd *pw;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	pw = getpwuid(getuid());
+	if (!pw)
+		die(_("unable to look up current user in the passwd file: %s"),
+		    errno ? strerror(errno) : _("no such user"));
+	return pw;
+}
diff --git a/write_or_die.c b/write_or_die.c
index d45b536..960f448 100644
--- a/write_or_die.c
+++ b/write_or_die.c
@@ -34,12 +34,7 @@
 			return;
 	}
 	if (fflush(f)) {
-		/*
-		 * On Windows, EPIPE is returned only by the first write()
-		 * after the reading end has closed its handle; subsequent
-		 * write()s return EINVAL.
-		 */
-		if (errno == EPIPE || errno == EINVAL)
+		if (errno == EPIPE)
 			exit(0);
 		die_errno("write failure on '%s'", desc);
 	}
diff --git a/wt-status.c b/wt-status.c
index 8836a52..aa2734f 100644
--- a/wt-status.c
+++ b/wt-status.c
@@ -11,6 +11,8 @@
 #include "remote.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "submodule.h"
+#include "column.h"
+#include "strbuf.h"
 
 static char default_wt_status_colors[][COLOR_MAXLEN] = {
 	GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, /* WT_STATUS_HEADER */
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@
 
 	strbuf_vaddf(&sb, fmt, ap);
 	if (!sb.len) {
-		strbuf_addch(&sb, '#');
+		strbuf_addch(&sb, comment_line_char);
 		if (!trail)
 			strbuf_addch(&sb, ' ');
 		color_print_strbuf(s->fp, color, &sb);
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@
 
 		strbuf_reset(&linebuf);
 		if (at_bol) {
-			strbuf_addch(&linebuf, '#');
+			strbuf_addch(&linebuf, comment_line_char);
 			if (*line != '\n' && *line != '\t')
 				strbuf_addch(&linebuf, ' ');
 		}
@@ -98,8 +100,8 @@
 	va_end(ap);
 }
 
-void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
-			const char *fmt, ...)
+static void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color,
+			       const char *fmt, ...)
 {
 	va_list ap;
 
@@ -111,7 +113,6 @@
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	unsigned char sha1[20];
-	const char *head;
 
 	memset(s, 0, sizeof(*s));
 	memcpy(s->color_palette, default_wt_status_colors,
@@ -119,8 +120,7 @@
 	s->show_untracked_files = SHOW_NORMAL_UNTRACKED_FILES;
 	s->use_color = -1;
 	s->relative_paths = 1;
-	head = resolve_ref("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
-	s->branch = head ? xstrdup(head) : NULL;
+	s->branch = resolve_refdup("HEAD", sha1, 0, NULL);
 	s->reference = "HEAD";
 	s->fp = stdout;
 	s->index_file = get_index_file();
@@ -131,9 +131,34 @@
 
 static void wt_status_print_unmerged_header(struct wt_status *s)
 {
+	int i;
+	int del_mod_conflict = 0;
+	int both_deleted = 0;
+	int not_deleted = 0;
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
 
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("Unmerged paths:"));
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct string_list_item *it = &(s->change.items[i]);
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
+
+		switch (d->stagemask) {
+		case 0:
+			break;
+		case 1:
+			both_deleted = 1;
+			break;
+		case 3:
+		case 5:
+			del_mod_conflict = 1;
+			break;
+		default:
+			not_deleted = 1;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	if (s->whence != FROM_COMMIT)
@@ -142,7 +167,17 @@
 		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git reset %s <file>...\" to unstage)"), s->reference);
 	else
 		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git rm --cached <file>...\" to unstage)"));
-	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"));
+
+	if (!both_deleted) {
+		if (!del_mod_conflict)
+			status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add <file>...\" to mark resolution)"));
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"));
+	} else if (!del_mod_conflict && !not_deleted) {
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git rm <file>...\" to mark resolution)"));
+	} else {
+		status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git add/rm <file>...\" as appropriate to mark resolution)"));
+	}
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, "");
 }
 
@@ -186,7 +221,7 @@
 					 const char *how)
 {
 	const char *c = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
-	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("%s files:"), what);
+	status_printf_ln(s, c, "%s:", what);
 	if (!advice_status_hints)
 		return;
 	status_printf_ln(s, c, _("  (use \"git %s <file>...\" to include in what will be committed)"), how);
@@ -396,7 +431,7 @@
 	if (s->ignore_submodule_arg) {
 		DIFF_OPT_SET(&rev.diffopt, OVERRIDE_SUBMODULE_CONFIG);
 		handle_ignore_submodules_arg(&rev.diffopt, s->ignore_submodule_arg);
-    }
+	}
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback = wt_status_collect_changed_cb;
 	rev.diffopt.format_callback_data = s;
 	init_pathspec(&rev.prune_data, s->pathspec);
@@ -481,7 +516,9 @@
 
 	if (s->show_ignored_files) {
 		dir.nr = 0;
-		dir.flags = DIR_SHOW_IGNORED | DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
+		dir.flags = DIR_SHOW_IGNORED;
+		if (s->show_untracked_files != SHOW_ALL_UNTRACKED_FILES)
+			dir.flags |= DIR_SHOW_OTHER_DIRECTORIES;
 		fill_directory(&dir, s->pathspec);
 		for (i = 0; i < dir.nr; i++) {
 			struct dir_entry *ent = dir.entries[i];
@@ -643,6 +680,8 @@
 {
 	int i;
 	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	static struct string_list output = STRING_LIST_INIT_DUP;
+	struct column_options copts;
 
 	if (!l->nr)
 		return;
@@ -651,12 +690,33 @@
 
 	for (i = 0; i < l->nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
+		const char *path;
 		it = &(l->items[i]);
+		path = quote_path(it->string, strlen(it->string),
+				  &buf, s->prefix);
+		if (column_active(s->colopts)) {
+			string_list_append(&output, path);
+			continue;
+		}
 		status_printf(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "\t");
 		status_printf_more(s, color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED, s),
-			"%s\n", quote_path(it->string, strlen(it->string),
-					    &buf, s->prefix));
+				   "%s\n", path);
 	}
+
+	strbuf_release(&buf);
+	if (!column_active(s->colopts))
+		return;
+
+	strbuf_addf(&buf, "%s#\t%s",
+		    color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s),
+		    color(WT_STATUS_UNTRACKED, s));
+	memset(&copts, 0, sizeof(copts));
+	copts.padding = 1;
+	copts.indent = buf.buf;
+	if (want_color(s->use_color))
+		copts.nl = GIT_COLOR_RESET "\n";
+	print_columns(&output, s->colopts, &copts);
+	string_list_clear(&output, 0);
 	strbuf_release(&buf);
 }
 
@@ -702,8 +762,215 @@
 
 	for (cp = sb.buf; (ep = strchr(cp, '\n')) != NULL; cp = ep + 1)
 		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s),
-				 "# %.*s", (int)(ep - cp), cp);
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "#");
+				 "%c %.*s", comment_line_char,
+				 (int)(ep - cp), cp);
+	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "%c",
+			 comment_line_char);
+}
+
+static int has_unmerged(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
+		struct wt_status_change_data *d;
+		d = s->change.items[i].util;
+		if (d->stagemask)
+			return 1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void show_merge_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+				struct wt_status_state *state,
+				const char *color)
+{
+	if (has_unmerged(s)) {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You have unmerged paths."));
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"));
+	} else {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("All conflicts fixed but you are still merging."));
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (use \"git commit\" to conclude merge)"));
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static void show_am_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+				struct wt_status_state *state,
+				const char *color)
+{
+	status_printf_ln(s, color,
+		_("You are in the middle of an am session."));
+	if (state->am_empty_patch)
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("The current patch is empty."));
+	if (advice_status_hints) {
+		if (!state->am_empty_patch)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (fix conflicts and then run \"git am --resolved\")"));
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("  (use \"git am --skip\" to skip this patch)"));
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("  (use \"git am --abort\" to restore the original branch)"));
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static char *read_line_from_git_path(const char *filename)
+{
+	struct strbuf buf = STRBUF_INIT;
+	FILE *fp = fopen(git_path("%s", filename), "r");
+	if (!fp) {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+	strbuf_getline(&buf, fp, '\n');
+	if (!fclose(fp)) {
+		return strbuf_detach(&buf, NULL);
+	} else {
+		strbuf_release(&buf);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+}
+
+static int split_commit_in_progress(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	int split_in_progress = 0;
+	char *head = read_line_from_git_path("HEAD");
+	char *orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("ORIG_HEAD");
+	char *rebase_amend = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/amend");
+	char *rebase_orig_head = read_line_from_git_path("rebase-merge/orig-head");
+
+	if (!head || !orig_head || !rebase_amend || !rebase_orig_head ||
+	    !s->branch || strcmp(s->branch, "HEAD"))
+		return split_in_progress;
+
+	if (!strcmp(rebase_amend, rebase_orig_head)) {
+		if (strcmp(head, rebase_amend))
+			split_in_progress = 1;
+	} else if (strcmp(orig_head, rebase_orig_head)) {
+		split_in_progress = 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!s->amend && !s->nowarn && !s->workdir_dirty)
+		split_in_progress = 0;
+
+	free(head);
+	free(orig_head);
+	free(rebase_amend);
+	free(rebase_orig_head);
+	return split_in_progress;
+}
+
+static void show_rebase_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+				struct wt_status_state *state,
+				const char *color)
+{
+	struct stat st;
+
+	if (has_unmerged(s)) {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently rebasing."));
+		if (advice_status_hints) {
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (fix conflicts and then run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (use \"git rebase --skip\" to skip this patch)"));
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (use \"git rebase --abort\" to check out the original branch)"));
+		}
+	} else if (state->rebase_in_progress || !stat(git_path("MERGE_MSG"), &st)) {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently rebasing."));
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
+	} else if (split_commit_in_progress(s)) {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently splitting a commit during a rebase."));
+		if (advice_status_hints)
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (Once your working directory is clean, run \"git rebase --continue\")"));
+	} else {
+		status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently editing a commit during a rebase."));
+		if (advice_status_hints && !s->amend) {
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (use \"git commit --amend\" to amend the current commit)"));
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (use \"git rebase --continue\" once you are satisfied with your changes)"));
+		}
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static void show_cherry_pick_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+					struct wt_status_state *state,
+					const char *color)
+{
+	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently cherry-picking."));
+	if (advice_status_hints) {
+		if (has_unmerged(s))
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (fix conflicts and run \"git commit\")"));
+		else
+			status_printf_ln(s, color,
+				_("  (all conflicts fixed: run \"git commit\")"));
+	}
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static void show_bisect_in_progress(struct wt_status *s,
+				struct wt_status_state *state,
+				const char *color)
+{
+	status_printf_ln(s, color, _("You are currently bisecting."));
+	if (advice_status_hints)
+		status_printf_ln(s, color,
+			_("  (use \"git bisect reset\" to get back to the original branch)"));
+	wt_status_print_trailer(s);
+}
+
+static void wt_status_print_state(struct wt_status *s)
+{
+	const char *state_color = color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s);
+	struct wt_status_state state;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
+
+	if (!stat(git_path("MERGE_HEAD"), &st)) {
+		state.merge_in_progress = 1;
+	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply"), &st)) {
+		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/applying"), &st)) {
+			state.am_in_progress = 1;
+			if (!stat(git_path("rebase-apply/patch"), &st) && !st.st_size)
+				state.am_empty_patch = 1;
+		} else {
+			state.rebase_in_progress = 1;
+		}
+	} else if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge"), &st)) {
+		if (!stat(git_path("rebase-merge/interactive"), &st))
+			state.rebase_interactive_in_progress = 1;
+		else
+			state.rebase_in_progress = 1;
+	} else if (!stat(git_path("CHERRY_PICK_HEAD"), &st)) {
+		state.cherry_pick_in_progress = 1;
+	}
+	if (!stat(git_path("BISECT_LOG"), &st))
+		state.bisect_in_progress = 1;
+
+	if (state.merge_in_progress)
+		show_merge_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
+	else if (state.am_in_progress)
+		show_am_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
+	else if (state.rebase_in_progress || state.rebase_interactive_in_progress)
+		show_rebase_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
+	else if (state.cherry_pick_in_progress)
+		show_cherry_pick_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
+	if (state.bisect_in_progress)
+		show_bisect_in_progress(s, &state, state_color);
 }
 
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s)
@@ -728,6 +995,7 @@
 			wt_status_print_tracking(s);
 	}
 
+	wt_status_print_state(s);
 	if (s->is_initial) {
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), "");
 		status_printf_ln(s, color(WT_STATUS_HEADER, s), _("Initial commit"));
@@ -744,9 +1012,9 @@
 		wt_status_print_submodule_summary(s, 1);  /* unstaged */
 	}
 	if (s->show_untracked_files) {
-		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked"), "add");
+		wt_status_print_other(s, &s->untracked, _("Untracked files"), "add");
 		if (s->show_ignored_files)
-			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored"), "add -f");
+			wt_status_print_other(s, &s->ignored, _("Ignored files"), "add -f");
 	} else if (s->commitable)
 		status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("Untracked files not listed%s"),
 			advice_status_hints
@@ -759,27 +1027,35 @@
 			status_printf_ln(s, GIT_COLOR_NORMAL, _("No changes"));
 		else if (s->nowarn)
 			; /* nothing */
-		else if (s->workdir_dirty)
-			printf(_("no changes added to commit%s\n"),
-				advice_status_hints
-				? _(" (use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")") : "");
-		else if (s->untracked.nr)
-			printf(_("nothing added to commit but untracked files present%s\n"),
-				advice_status_hints
-				? _(" (use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
-		else if (s->is_initial)
-			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
-				? _(" (create/copy files and use \"git add\" to track)") : "");
-		else if (!s->show_untracked_files)
-			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
-				? _(" (use -u to show untracked files)") : "");
-		else
-			printf(_("nothing to commit%s\n"), advice_status_hints
-				? _(" (working directory clean)") : "");
+		else if (s->workdir_dirty) {
+			if (advice_status_hints)
+				printf(_("no changes added to commit "
+					 "(use \"git add\" and/or \"git commit -a\")\n"));
+			else
+				printf(_("no changes added to commit\n"));
+		} else if (s->untracked.nr) {
+			if (advice_status_hints)
+				printf(_("nothing added to commit but untracked files "
+					 "present (use \"git add\" to track)\n"));
+			else
+				printf(_("nothing added to commit but untracked files present\n"));
+		} else if (s->is_initial) {
+			if (advice_status_hints)
+				printf(_("nothing to commit (create/copy files "
+					 "and use \"git add\" to track)\n"));
+			else
+				printf(_("nothing to commit\n"));
+		} else if (!s->show_untracked_files) {
+			if (advice_status_hints)
+				printf(_("nothing to commit (use -u to show untracked files)\n"));
+			else
+				printf(_("nothing to commit\n"));
+		} else
+			printf(_("nothing to commit, working directory clean\n"));
 	}
 }
 
-static void wt_shortstatus_unmerged(int null_termination, struct string_list_item *it,
+static void wt_shortstatus_unmerged(struct string_list_item *it,
 			   struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
@@ -795,7 +1071,7 @@
 	case 7: how = "UU"; break; /* both modified */
 	}
 	color_fprintf(s->fp, color(WT_STATUS_UNMERGED, s), "%s", how);
-	if (null_termination) {
+	if (s->null_termination) {
 		fprintf(stdout, " %s%c", it->string, 0);
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -806,7 +1082,7 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static void wt_shortstatus_status(int null_termination, struct string_list_item *it,
+static void wt_shortstatus_status(struct string_list_item *it,
 			 struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	struct wt_status_change_data *d = it->util;
@@ -820,7 +1096,7 @@
 	else
 		putchar(' ');
 	putchar(' ');
-	if (null_termination) {
+	if (s->null_termination) {
 		fprintf(stdout, "%s%c", it->string, 0);
 		if (d->head_path)
 			fprintf(stdout, "%s%c", d->head_path, 0);
@@ -848,10 +1124,10 @@
 	}
 }
 
-static void wt_shortstatus_other(int null_termination, struct string_list_item *it,
+static void wt_shortstatus_other(struct string_list_item *it,
 				 struct wt_status *s, const char *sign)
 {
-	if (null_termination) {
+	if (s->null_termination) {
 		fprintf(stdout, "%s %s%c", sign, it->string, 0);
 	} else {
 		struct strbuf onebuf = STRBUF_INIT;
@@ -891,8 +1167,8 @@
 	if (s->is_initial)
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, _("Initial commit on "));
 	if (!stat_tracking_info(branch, &num_ours, &num_theirs)) {
-		color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, branch_color_local,
-			"%s", branch_name);
+		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_local, "%s", branch_name);
+		fputc(s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n', s->fp);
 		return;
 	}
 
@@ -916,14 +1192,15 @@
 		color_fprintf(s->fp, branch_color_remote, "%d", num_theirs);
 	}
 
-	color_fprintf_ln(s->fp, header_color, "]");
+	color_fprintf(s->fp, header_color, "]");
+	fputc(s->null_termination ? '\0' : '\n', s->fp);
 }
 
-void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination, int show_branch)
+void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	int i;
 
-	if (show_branch)
+	if (s->show_branch)
 		wt_shortstatus_print_tracking(s);
 
 	for (i = 0; i < s->change.nr; i++) {
@@ -933,28 +1210,28 @@
 		it = &(s->change.items[i]);
 		d = it->util;
 		if (d->stagemask)
-			wt_shortstatus_unmerged(null_termination, it, s);
+			wt_shortstatus_unmerged(it, s);
 		else
-			wt_shortstatus_status(null_termination, it, s);
+			wt_shortstatus_status(it, s);
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < s->untracked.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
 
 		it = &(s->untracked.items[i]);
-		wt_shortstatus_other(null_termination, it, s, "??");
+		wt_shortstatus_other(it, s, "??");
 	}
 	for (i = 0; i < s->ignored.nr; i++) {
 		struct string_list_item *it;
 
 		it = &(s->ignored.items[i]);
-		wt_shortstatus_other(null_termination, it, s, "!!");
+		wt_shortstatus_other(it, s, "!!");
 	}
 }
 
-void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination)
+void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s)
 {
 	s->use_color = 0;
 	s->relative_paths = 0;
 	s->prefix = NULL;
-	wt_shortstatus_print(s, null_termination, 0);
+	wt_shortstatus_print(s);
 }
diff --git a/wt-status.h b/wt-status.h
index 682b4c8..236b41f 100644
--- a/wt-status.h
+++ b/wt-status.h
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@
 	enum untracked_status_type show_untracked_files;
 	const char *ignore_submodule_arg;
 	char color_palette[WT_STATUS_MAXSLOT][COLOR_MAXLEN];
+	unsigned colopts;
+	int null_termination;
+	int show_branch;
 
 	/* These are computed during processing of the individual sections */
 	int commitable;
@@ -68,18 +71,26 @@
 	struct string_list ignored;
 };
 
+struct wt_status_state {
+	int merge_in_progress;
+	int am_in_progress;
+	int am_empty_patch;
+	int rebase_in_progress;
+	int rebase_interactive_in_progress;
+	int cherry_pick_in_progress;
+	int bisect_in_progress;
+};
+
 void wt_status_prepare(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_print(struct wt_status *s);
 void wt_status_collect(struct wt_status *s);
 
-void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination, int show_branch);
-void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s, int null_termination);
+void wt_shortstatus_print(struct wt_status *s);
+void wt_porcelain_print(struct wt_status *s);
 
 void status_printf_ln(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 	;
 void status_printf(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
 	;
-void status_printf_more(struct wt_status *s, const char *color, const char *fmt, ...)
-	__attribute__((format(printf, 3, 4)));
 
 #endif /* STATUS_H */
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.c b/xdiff-interface.c
index 0e2c169..ecfa05f 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.c
+++ b/xdiff-interface.c
@@ -156,50 +156,6 @@
 	return ret;
 }
 
-struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state {
-	xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn consume;
-	void *consume_callback_data;
-};
-
-static int process_diff(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
-			xdemitconf_t const *xecfg)
-{
-	long s1, s2, same, p_next, t_next;
-	xdchange_t *xch, *xche;
-	struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state *state = ecb->priv;
-	xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn = state->consume;
-	void *consume_callback_data = state->consume_callback_data;
-
-	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
-		xche = xdl_get_hunk(xch, xecfg);
-
-		s1 = XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
-		s2 = XDL_MAX(xch->i2 - xecfg->ctxlen, 0);
-		same = s2 + XDL_MAX(xch->i1 - s1, 0);
-		p_next = xche->i1 + xche->chg1;
-		t_next = xche->i2 + xche->chg2;
-
-		fn(consume_callback_data, same, p_next, t_next);
-	}
-	return 0;
-}
-
-int xdi_diff_hunks(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
-		   xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
-		   xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t *xecfg)
-{
-	struct xdiff_emit_hunk_state state;
-	xdemitcb_t ecb;
-
-	memset(&state, 0, sizeof(state));
-	memset(&ecb, 0, sizeof(ecb));
-	state.consume = fn;
-	state.consume_callback_data = consume_callback_data;
-	xecfg->emit_func = (void (*)())process_diff;
-	ecb.priv = &state;
-	return xdi_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xecfg, &ecb);
-}
-
 int read_mmfile(mmfile_t *ptr, const char *filename)
 {
 	struct stat st;
diff --git a/xdiff-interface.h b/xdiff-interface.h
index 49d1116..eff7762 100644
--- a/xdiff-interface.h
+++ b/xdiff-interface.h
@@ -4,15 +4,11 @@
 #include "xdiff/xdiff.h"
 
 typedef void (*xdiff_emit_consume_fn)(void *, char *, unsigned long);
-typedef void (*xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn)(void *, long, long, long);
 
 int xdi_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
 int xdi_diff_outf(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
 		  xdiff_emit_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
 		  xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t const *xecfg);
-int xdi_diff_hunks(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2,
-		   xdiff_emit_hunk_consume_fn fn, void *consume_callback_data,
-		   xpparam_t const *xpp, xdemitconf_t *xecfg);
 int parse_hunk_header(char *line, int len,
 		      int *ob, int *on,
 		      int *nb, int *nn);
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiff.h b/xdiff/xdiff.h
index 00d36c3..219a3bb 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiff.h
+++ b/xdiff/xdiff.h
@@ -32,14 +32,12 @@
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE (1 << 2)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE (1 << 3)
 #define XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL (1 << 4)
-#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 5)
-#define XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF (1 << 6)
 #define XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS (XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_CHANGE | XDF_IGNORE_WHITESPACE_AT_EOL)
 
-#define XDL_PATCH_NORMAL '-'
-#define XDL_PATCH_REVERSE '+'
-#define XDL_PATCH_MODEMASK ((1 << 8) - 1)
-#define XDL_PATCH_IGNOREBSPACE (1 << 8)
+#define XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF (1 << 5)
+#define XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF (1 << 6)
+#define XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK (XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF | XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
+#define XDF_DIFF_ALG(x) ((x) & XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK)
 
 #define XDL_EMIT_FUNCNAMES (1 << 0)
 #define XDL_EMIT_COMMON (1 << 1)
@@ -88,13 +86,17 @@
 
 typedef long (*find_func_t)(const char *line, long line_len, char *buffer, long buffer_size, void *priv);
 
+typedef int (*xdl_emit_hunk_consume_func_t)(long start_a, long count_a,
+					    long start_b, long count_b,
+					    void *cb_data);
+
 typedef struct s_xdemitconf {
 	long ctxlen;
 	long interhunkctxlen;
 	unsigned long flags;
 	find_func_t find_func;
 	void *find_func_priv;
-	void (*emit_func)();
+	xdl_emit_hunk_consume_func_t hunk_func;
 } xdemitconf_t;
 
 typedef struct s_bdiffparam {
diff --git a/xdiff/xdiffi.c b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
index 75a3922..1b7012a 100644
--- a/xdiff/xdiffi.c
+++ b/xdiff/xdiffi.c
@@ -328,10 +328,10 @@
 	xdalgoenv_t xenv;
 	diffdata_t dd1, dd2;
 
-	if (xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF)
+	if (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) == XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF)
 		return xdl_do_patience_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe);
 
-	if (xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
+	if (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) == XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
 		return xdl_do_histogram_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe);
 
 	if (xdl_prepare_env(mf1, mf2, xpp, xe) < 0) {
@@ -538,13 +538,26 @@
 	}
 }
 
+static int xdl_call_hunk_func(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
+			      xdemitconf_t const *xecfg)
+{
+	xdchange_t *xch, *xche;
+
+	for (xch = xscr; xch; xch = xche->next) {
+		xche = xdl_get_hunk(xch, xecfg);
+		if (xecfg->hunk_func(xch->i1, xche->i1 + xche->chg1 - xch->i1,
+				     xch->i2, xche->i2 + xche->chg2 - xch->i2,
+				     ecb->priv) < 0)
+			return -1;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
 
 int xdl_diff(mmfile_t *mf1, mmfile_t *mf2, xpparam_t const *xpp,
 	     xdemitconf_t const *xecfg, xdemitcb_t *ecb) {
 	xdchange_t *xscr;
 	xdfenv_t xe;
-	emit_func_t ef = xecfg->emit_func ?
-		(emit_func_t)xecfg->emit_func : xdl_emit_diff;
+	emit_func_t ef = xecfg->hunk_func ? xdl_call_hunk_func : xdl_emit_diff;
 
 	if (xdl_do_diff(mf1, mf2, xpp, &xe) < 0) {
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xemit.c b/xdiff/xemit.c
index 2e669c3..d11dbf9 100644
--- a/xdiff/xemit.c
+++ b/xdiff/xemit.c
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@
 
 static int xdl_emit_common(xdfenv_t *xe, xdchange_t *xscr, xdemitcb_t *ecb,
                            xdemitconf_t const *xecfg) {
-	xdfile_t *xdf = &xe->xdf1;
+	xdfile_t *xdf = &xe->xdf2;
 	const char *rchg = xdf->rchg;
 	long ix;
 
@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@
 		/*
 		 * Emit pre-context.
 		 */
-		for (; s1 < xch->i1; s1++)
-			if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf1, s1, " ", ecb) < 0)
+		for (; s2 < xch->i2; s2++)
+			if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf2, s2, " ", ecb) < 0)
 				return -1;
 
 		for (s1 = xch->i1, s2 = xch->i2;; xch = xch->next) {
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@
 			 * Merge previous with current change atom.
 			 */
 			for (; s1 < xch->i1 && s2 < xch->i2; s1++, s2++)
-				if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf1, s1, " ", ecb) < 0)
+				if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf2, s2, " ", ecb) < 0)
 					return -1;
 
 			/*
@@ -239,8 +239,8 @@
 		/*
 		 * Emit post-context.
 		 */
-		for (s1 = xche->i1 + xche->chg1; s1 < e1; s1++)
-			if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf1, s1, " ", ecb) < 0)
+		for (s2 = xche->i2 + xche->chg2; s2 < e2; s2++)
+			if (xdl_emit_record(&xe->xdf2, s2, " ", ecb) < 0)
 				return -1;
 	}
 
diff --git a/xdiff/xhistogram.c b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
index 18f6f99..bf99787 100644
--- a/xdiff/xhistogram.c
+++ b/xdiff/xhistogram.c
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@
 		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
 {
 	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xpp.flags = index->xpp->flags & ~XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF;
+	xpp.flags = index->xpp->flags & ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 
 	return xdl_fall_back_diff(index->env, &xpp,
 				  line1, count1, line2, count2);
diff --git a/xdiff/xpatience.c b/xdiff/xpatience.c
index fdd7d02..04e1a1a 100644
--- a/xdiff/xpatience.c
+++ b/xdiff/xpatience.c
@@ -288,7 +288,7 @@
 		int line1, int count1, int line2, int count2)
 {
 	xpparam_t xpp;
-	xpp.flags = map->xpp->flags & ~XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF;
+	xpp.flags = map->xpp->flags & ~XDF_DIFF_ALGORITHM_MASK;
 
 	return xdl_fall_back_diff(map->env, &xpp,
 				  line1, count1, line2, count2);
diff --git a/xdiff/xprepare.c b/xdiff/xprepare.c
index e419f4f..63a22c6 100644
--- a/xdiff/xprepare.c
+++ b/xdiff/xprepare.c
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@
 	if (!(recs = (xrecord_t **) xdl_malloc(narec * sizeof(xrecord_t *))))
 		goto abort;
 
-	if (xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
+	if (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) == XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF)
 		hbits = hsize = 0;
 	else {
 		hbits = xdl_hashbits((unsigned int) narec);
@@ -209,8 +209,8 @@
 			crec->ha = hav;
 			recs[nrec++] = crec;
 
-			if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF) &&
-				xdl_classify_record(pass, cf, rhash, hbits, crec) < 0)
+			if ((XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) != XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF) &&
+			    xdl_classify_record(pass, cf, rhash, hbits, crec) < 0)
 				goto abort;
 		}
 	}
@@ -273,16 +273,15 @@
 	 * (nrecs) will be updated correctly anyway by
 	 * xdl_prepare_ctx().
 	 */
-	sample = xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF ? XDL_GUESS_NLINES2 : XDL_GUESS_NLINES1;
+	sample = (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) == XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF
+		  ? XDL_GUESS_NLINES2 : XDL_GUESS_NLINES1);
 
 	enl1 = xdl_guess_lines(mf1, sample) + 1;
 	enl2 = xdl_guess_lines(mf2, sample) + 1;
 
-	if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF) &&
-		xdl_init_classifier(&cf, enl1 + enl2 + 1, xpp->flags) < 0) {
-
+	if (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) != XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF &&
+	    xdl_init_classifier(&cf, enl1 + enl2 + 1, xpp->flags) < 0)
 		return -1;
-	}
 
 	if (xdl_prepare_ctx(1, mf1, enl1, xpp, &cf, &xe->xdf1) < 0) {
 
@@ -296,9 +295,9 @@
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if (!(xpp->flags & XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF) &&
-			!(xpp->flags & XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF) &&
-			xdl_optimize_ctxs(&cf, &xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
+	if ((XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) != XDF_PATIENCE_DIFF) &&
+	    (XDF_DIFF_ALG(xpp->flags) != XDF_HISTOGRAM_DIFF) &&
+	    xdl_optimize_ctxs(&cf, &xe->xdf1, &xe->xdf2) < 0) {
 
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf2);
 		xdl_free_ctx(&xe->xdf1);
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.c b/xdiff/xutils.c
index 0de084e..9504eae 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.c
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.c
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@
  *
  */
 
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 #include "xinclude.h"
 
 
@@ -120,35 +122,6 @@
 	return data;
 }
 
-
-void *xdl_cha_first(chastore_t *cha) {
-	chanode_t *sncur;
-
-	if (!(cha->sncur = sncur = cha->head))
-		return NULL;
-
-	cha->scurr = 0;
-
-	return (char *) sncur + sizeof(chanode_t) + cha->scurr;
-}
-
-
-void *xdl_cha_next(chastore_t *cha) {
-	chanode_t *sncur;
-
-	if (!(sncur = cha->sncur))
-		return NULL;
-	cha->scurr += cha->isize;
-	if (cha->scurr == sncur->icurr) {
-		if (!(sncur = cha->sncur = sncur->next))
-			return NULL;
-		cha->scurr = 0;
-	}
-
-	return (char *) sncur + sizeof(chanode_t) + cha->scurr;
-}
-
-
 long xdl_guess_lines(mmfile_t *mf, long sample) {
 	long nl = 0, size, tsize = 0;
 	char const *data, *cur, *top;
@@ -276,6 +249,109 @@
 	return ha;
 }
 
+#ifdef XDL_FAST_HASH
+
+#define REPEAT_BYTE(x)  ((~0ul / 0xff) * (x))
+
+#define ONEBYTES	REPEAT_BYTE(0x01)
+#define NEWLINEBYTES	REPEAT_BYTE(0x0a)
+#define HIGHBITS	REPEAT_BYTE(0x80)
+
+/* Return the high bit set in the first byte that is a zero */
+static inline unsigned long has_zero(unsigned long a)
+{
+	return ((a - ONEBYTES) & ~a) & HIGHBITS;
+}
+
+static inline long count_masked_bytes(unsigned long mask)
+{
+	if (sizeof(long) == 8) {
+		/*
+		 * Jan Achrenius on G+: microoptimized version of
+		 * the simpler "(mask & ONEBYTES) * ONEBYTES >> 56"
+		 * that works for the bytemasks without having to
+		 * mask them first.
+		 */
+		/*
+		 * return mask * 0x0001020304050608 >> 56;
+		 *
+		 * Doing it like this avoids warnings on 32-bit machines.
+		 */
+		long a = (REPEAT_BYTE(0x01) / 0xff + 1);
+		return mask * a >> (sizeof(long) * 7);
+	} else {
+		/* Carl Chatfield / Jan Achrenius G+ version for 32-bit */
+		/* (000000 0000ff 00ffff ffffff) -> ( 1 1 2 3 ) */
+		long a = (0x0ff0001 + mask) >> 23;
+		/* Fix the 1 for 00 case */
+		return a & mask;
+	}
+}
+
+unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags)
+{
+	unsigned long hash = 5381;
+	unsigned long a = 0, mask = 0;
+	char const *ptr = *data;
+	char const *end = top - sizeof(unsigned long) + 1;
+
+	if (flags & XDF_WHITESPACE_FLAGS)
+		return xdl_hash_record_with_whitespace(data, top, flags);
+
+	ptr -= sizeof(unsigned long);
+	do {
+		hash += hash << 5;
+		hash ^= a;
+		ptr += sizeof(unsigned long);
+		if (ptr >= end)
+			break;
+		a = *(unsigned long *)ptr;
+		/* Do we have any '\n' bytes in this word? */
+		mask = has_zero(a ^ NEWLINEBYTES);
+	} while (!mask);
+
+	if (ptr >= end) {
+		/*
+		 * There is only a partial word left at the end of the
+		 * buffer. Because we may work with a memory mapping,
+		 * we have to grab the rest byte by byte instead of
+		 * blindly reading it.
+		 *
+		 * To avoid problems with masking in a signed value,
+		 * we use an unsigned char here.
+		 */
+		const char *p;
+		for (p = top - 1; p >= ptr; p--)
+			a = (a << 8) + *((const unsigned char *)p);
+		mask = has_zero(a ^ NEWLINEBYTES);
+		if (!mask)
+			/*
+			 * No '\n' found in the partial word.  Make a
+			 * mask that matches what we read.
+			 */
+			mask = 1UL << (8 * (top - ptr) + 7);
+	}
+
+	/* The mask *below* the first high bit set */
+	mask = (mask - 1) & ~mask;
+	mask >>= 7;
+	hash += hash << 5;
+	hash ^= a & mask;
+
+	/* Advance past the last (possibly partial) word */
+	ptr += count_masked_bytes(mask);
+
+	if (ptr < top) {
+		assert(*ptr == '\n');
+		ptr++;
+	}
+
+	*data = ptr;
+
+	return hash;
+}
+
+#else /* XDL_FAST_HASH */
 
 unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags) {
 	unsigned long ha = 5381;
@@ -293,6 +369,7 @@
 	return ha;
 }
 
+#endif /* XDL_FAST_HASH */
 
 unsigned int xdl_hashbits(unsigned int size) {
 	unsigned int val = 1, bits = 0;
@@ -324,20 +401,6 @@
 	return str - out;
 }
 
-
-long xdl_atol(char const *str, char const **next) {
-	long val, base;
-	char const *top;
-
-	for (top = str; XDL_ISDIGIT(*top); top++);
-	if (next)
-		*next = top;
-	for (val = 0, base = 1, top--; top >= str; top--, base *= 10)
-		val += base * (long)(*top - '0');
-	return val;
-}
-
-
 int xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(long s1, long c1, long s2, long c2,
 		      const char *func, long funclen, xdemitcb_t *ecb) {
 	int nb = 0;
diff --git a/xdiff/xutils.h b/xdiff/xutils.h
index 714719a..ad1428e 100644
--- a/xdiff/xutils.h
+++ b/xdiff/xutils.h
@@ -31,14 +31,11 @@
 int xdl_cha_init(chastore_t *cha, long isize, long icount);
 void xdl_cha_free(chastore_t *cha);
 void *xdl_cha_alloc(chastore_t *cha);
-void *xdl_cha_first(chastore_t *cha);
-void *xdl_cha_next(chastore_t *cha);
 long xdl_guess_lines(mmfile_t *mf, long sample);
 int xdl_recmatch(const char *l1, long s1, const char *l2, long s2, long flags);
 unsigned long xdl_hash_record(char const **data, char const *top, long flags);
 unsigned int xdl_hashbits(unsigned int size);
 int xdl_num_out(char *out, long val);
-long xdl_atol(char const *str, char const **next);
 int xdl_emit_hunk_hdr(long s1, long c1, long s2, long c2,
 		      const char *func, long funclen, xdemitcb_t *ecb);
 int xdl_fall_back_diff(xdfenv_t *diff_env, xpparam_t const *xpp,
diff --git a/zlib.c b/zlib.c
index 3c63d48..2b2c0c7 100644
--- a/zlib.c
+++ b/zlib.c
@@ -188,13 +188,20 @@
 	    strm->z.msg ? strm->z.msg : "no message");
 }
 
-void git_deflate_end(git_zstream *strm)
+int git_deflate_abort(git_zstream *strm)
 {
 	int status;
 
 	zlib_pre_call(strm);
 	status = deflateEnd(&strm->z);
 	zlib_post_call(strm);
+	return status;
+}
+
+void git_deflate_end(git_zstream *strm)
+{
+	int status = git_deflate_abort(strm);
+
 	if (status == Z_OK)
 		return;
 	error("deflateEnd: %s (%s)", zerr_to_string(status),